title: Benign tumors of the spine.
abstract: Benign tumors in the spine include osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, aneurysmal bone cyst, osteochondroma, neurofibroma, giant cell tumor of bone, eosinophilic granuloma, and hemangioma. Although some are incidental findings, some cause local pain, radicular symptoms, neurologic compromise, spinal instability, and deformity. The evaluation of spinal tumors includes a thorough history and physical examination, imaging, sometimes laboratory evaluation, and biopsy when indicated. Appropriate treatment may be observational (eg, eosinophilic granuloma) or ablative (eg, osteoid osteoma, neurofibroma, hemangioma), but generally is surgical, depending on the level of pain, instability, neurologic compromise, and natural history of the lesion. Knowledge of the epidemiology, common presentation, imaging, and treatment of benign bone tumors is essential for successful management of these lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracue, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Nikhil A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.forename: Alan H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schiller
authors.forename: Mauricio A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Valdes
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Czerwein
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schiller
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Esmende
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Terek
mesh_terms: D017824:Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004803:Eosinophilic Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D018212:Giant Cell Tumor of Bone / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009455:Neurofibroma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D018215:Osteoblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D015831:Osteochondroma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D010017:Osteoma, Osteoid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome