title: Successful treatment of incidental prostate cancer by radical transurethral resection of prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the rationale for RTUR-PCa against pT1a/b cancer, we analyzed oncological and functional outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six patients with incidental prostate cancer were included and the age ranged from 66 to 91 years (mean, 76.6; median, 75.0). Preoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels were between 0.70 and 44.1 ng/mL (mean, 5.90; median, 4.60). We performed 69 RTUR-PCa's by resecting and fulgurating the residual prostate tissues after previous transurethral resection of the prostate. Prostate specific antigen nonrecurrence rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up duration of 51 patients was mean ± SD 64.1 ± 21.6 months (median, 67.8 months; range, 13.8-99.8) excluding 5 patients that were lost to follow-up. Prostate specific antigen failure developed in 3 patients (5.9%). In the other 48 patients, PSA stabilized as follows: PSA ≤ 0.01, 24 cases; ≤ 0.02, 5 cases; ≤ 0.03, 6 cases; ≤ 0.04, 3 cases; ≤ 0.1, 7 cases; and ≤ 0.4, 3 cases. Prostate specific antigen nonrecurrence rates were 100% for pT2a and 91.3% for pT2b at the mean follow-up period of 64.1 months. Nonrecurrence rate grouped by D'Amico classification system were 100% in the low-risk group, 94.7% in the intermediate-risk group, and 88.2% in the high-risk group, respectively. Water intoxication did not develop and no patients required transfusion. Bladder neck contracture, which developed in 22 out of 51 patients (43.1%), was the most frequent postoperative complication. Postoperative incontinence was temporary and disappeared within 3 months in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Satisfactory oncologic and functional results suggest that RTUR-PCa could be a promising option for radical treatment against incidental prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Kounaizaka Clinic, Kochi, Japan. qq6e49qg9@chime.ocn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014549:Urinary Incontinence
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen