title: Detection of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk and dairy products by multiplex PCR.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in 122 samples, including 60 raw milk, 32 white cheese, 10 kashar cheese, 10 butter, and 10 ice cream samples obtained from Samsun province, Turkey. In this study, S. aureus was detected in 64 samples, including raw milk (45/60; 75%), white cheese (12/32; 37.5%), kashar cheese (3/10; 30%), butter (3/10; 30%), and ice cream (1/10; 10%) samples. A total of 81 isolates were identified as S. aureus by PCR with the presence of 16S rRNA and nuc genes. The presence of genes encoding the staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) SEA, SEB, SEC, and SED was detected by multiplex PCR. According to the analysis, seven isolates from the raw milk samples (7/51; 13.7%) were enterotoxigenic; five of them produced SEA (5/7; 71.4%), one produced SEB (1/7; 14.2%), and one produced SEA+SEB (1/7; 14.2%). Four isolates from the white cheese samples (4/21; 19%) produced the SEA (1/4; 25%), SEC (1/4; 25%), SED (1/4; 25%), and SEA+SED (1/4; 25%) toxins. Two isolates from the kashar cheese samples (2/4; 50%) were found to be enterotoxigenic; one produced SEA (1/2; 50%) and the other produced SED (1/2; 50%). One isolate from the butter samples (1/4; 25%) showed enterotoxigenic character (SEB, 1/1; 100%). The products were found to be potentially hazardous to public health because of the fact that levels of contamination were higher than 105-106 cfu/g ml in 39% (25/64, 17 raw milk, 7 white cheese, and 1 butter) of the analyzed samples.
authors.affiliation: Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Kurupelit/Samsun, Turkey. aligucuk77@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gücükoğlu
authors.forename: T Onur
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Kevenk
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uyanik
authors.forename: Ozgür
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cadirci
authors.forename: Göknur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Terzi
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alişarli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D005516:Food Microbiology; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004768:Enterotoxins; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C019368:enterotoxin D, Staphylococcal; C026066:enterotoxin A, Staphylococcal; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal; C034959:enterotoxin C, staphylococcal