title: Case report: neurological complications associated with epidural analgesia in children: a report of 4 cases of ambiguous etiologies.
abstract: The safety and utility of pediatric epidural analgesia is well established, but the risk of permanent neurological injury is unknown and largely must be extrapolated from adult literature. In this article we present a series of 4 cases of longterm or permanent neurologic complications associated with epidural analgesia. Possible mechanisms of injury and implications for practice are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2001, Cincinnati, OH 45220-3039, USA. Mark.Meyer@cchmc.org
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Elliot J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Krane
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Goldschneider
authors.forename: Norma J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000601:surgery; D020918:Complex Regional Pain Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005660:Funnel Chest / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007796:Laminectomy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010243:Paralysis / Q000139:chemically induced; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000150:complications; D013131:Spine / Q000473:pathology; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D003907:Dexamethasone; D002045:Bupivacaine