title: The current status and recent advances in high-resolution imaging of spinal vascular malformations.
abstract: The management of spinal vascular malformations (SVM) has improved over the last four decades with the evolution of imaging, anesthesia, microsurgery, and endovascular techniques. Commonly used high-resolution imaging techniques include CT angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, and digital subtraction angiography. We review the advances that have been made in these imaging modalities and discuss their present role for imaging SVM, with the goal of assisting neurosurgeons in making judicious use of current imaging techniques to develop the most effective management strategies for these complex lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5338, USA.
authors.forename: Khoi D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Than
authors.forename: Jaypal R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sangala
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dheeraj
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: La Marca
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*