title: Adaptive alterations in the fatty acids composition under induced oxidative stress in heavy metal-tolerant filamentous fungus Paecilomyces marquandii cultured in ascorbic acid presence.
abstract: The ability of the heavy metal-tolerant fungus Paecilomyces marquandii to modulate whole cells fatty acid composition and saturation in response to IC50 of Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Cu was studied. Cadmium and nickel caused the most significant growth reduction. In the mycelia cultured with all tested metals, with the exception of nickel, a rise in the fatty acid unsaturation was noted. The fungus exposure to Pb, Cu, and Ni led to significantly higher lipid peroxidation. P. marquandii incubated in the presence of the tested metals responded with an increase in the level of linoleic acid and escalation of electrolyte leakage. The highest efflux of electrolytes was caused by lead. In these conditions, the fungus was able to bind up to 100 mg g(-1) of lead, whereas the content of the other metals in the mycelium was significantly lower and reached from 3.18 mg g(-1) (Cu) to 15.21 mg g(-1) (Zn). Additionally, it was shown that ascorbic acid at the concentration of 1 mM protected fungal growth and prevented the changes in the fatty acid composition and saturation but did not alleviate lipid peroxidation or affect the increased permeability of membranes after lead exposure. Pro-oxidant properties of ascorbic acid in the copper-stressed cells manifested strong growth inhibition and enhanced metal accumulation as a result of membrane damage. Toxic metals action caused cellular modulations, which might contributed to P. marquandii tolerance to the studied metals. Moreover, these changes can enhance metal removal from contaminated environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Mirosława
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Słaba
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gajewska
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernat
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fornalska
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Długoński
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003217:Conductometry; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010143:Paecilomyces / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005227:Fatty Acids; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D001205:Ascorbic Acid