title: Clustering of risk behaviors for chronic noncommunicable diseases: a population-based study in southern Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and identify factors associated with simultaneous risk behaviors for chronic noncommunicable diseases in adults in a southern capital in Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, population-based study was carried out with 1720 adults in Florianópolis, Brazil. The simultaneous occurrence of tobacco smoking, abusive drinking, inadequate or unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity during leisure was assessed. The independent variables were demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 8.3% of the respondents did not have any of these factors, whereas the simultaneous occurrence of two or more risk behaviors was 59.4%. The simultaneous presence of four risk behaviors (3.4%) was 220% higher of what would be expected by combining the individual prevalence of these factors (1.5%). The likelihood of individuals having two or more risk behaviors simultaneously was greater in young men, with black skin color, living without a partner, with lower household per capita income, and lower education.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is necessary to implement programs that reduce the risk behaviors for chronic noncommunicable diseases among adults in Brazil, especially between young men with low education and income.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Santa Catarina, Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Florianópolis, Brazil. diegoaugustoss@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Diego A S
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Karen G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Peres
authors.forename: Antonio F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Boing
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: González-Chica
authors.forename: Marco A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Peres
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012923:Social Class; D055815:Young Adult