title: Outcomes of a Dutch workshop on improvements for the 3Rs in daily practice.
abstract: This article describes the outcome of a workshop that was held to generate new ideas to improve the use of the 3R principles in science. The participants of the workshop represented Dutch researchers, Animal Welfare Officers, and members of Animal Ethics Committees from various affiliations, including academia, industry, contract research organizations, and knowledge centers in the Netherlands. The workshop resulted in six diverse consensus statements, which are presented and discussed in this article. The results show that there is no single, straightforward solution to improving the implementation of 3R methods in animal-based research and that further improvement in 3Rs practice requires a more multi- and interdisciplinary awareness and approach.
authors.affiliation: SYRCLE, Central Animal Laboratory, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Luijk
authors.affiliation: SYRCLE, Central Animal Laboratory, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marlies
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leenaars
authors.affiliation: Vaart Innovation and Knowledge Management, Oisterwijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anne Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: van Dongen
authors.affiliation: Vaart Innovation and Knowledge Management, Oisterwijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lilian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van der Vaart
authors.affiliation: SYRCLE, Central Animal Laboratory, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Merel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ritskes-Hoitinga
mesh_terms: D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives / Q000379:methods*; D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D000830:Animals, Laboratory; D032984:Ethics, Research; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D009426:Netherlands; D012107:Research Design