title: Analysis of ear, nose and throat foreign bodies in dhulikhel hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Foreign body in ear nose and throat are commonly encountered by otolaryngologists, pediatricians and primary care physicians.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to analyze different types of foreign bodies and sociodemographic correlates of self inflicted foreign body insertion in ear, nose, throat.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a two year hospital based cross sectional descriptive study performed in the Department of ear nose and throat (ENT), Dhulikhel Hospital - Kathmandu University from June 2009 to June 2011 after verification from the Institutional Review Committee. Using a predesigned questionnaire, socio-demographic data was collected prospectively by examining clinically all patients attending with foreign body and interviewing the caregivers of pediatric patients after removal of foreign body. The data collected from 312 patients was entered and analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistical methods using SPSS version 16.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 21.26 years with majority between 0-10 years (50.6%). Male predominance was noted (58.97%). Most patients or caregivers were illiterate (35.1%) or literacy up to primary level(21.12%).Foreign body of the ear was found to be most frequent ( 47.4%) and mostly they were non-living (96.1%). Most patients presented late (80%) and had history of prior attempted removal (67%). Pearsons chi square test between education level and duration of time was significant (p value- 0.0000). One way ANOVA test between type of foreign body and age was significant (p value- 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Foreign bodies are common in adult and pediatric ear, nose and throat. They can potentially be associated with significant complications if not taken care of immediately.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Nepal. shresthainku@gmail.com
authors.forename: Inku
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.forename: R C M
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Amatya
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004423:Ear; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D009666:Nose; D010614:Pharynx; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult