title: Evaluation of AMCase and CHIT-1 expression in monocyte macrophages lineage.
abstract: Acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) and chitotriosidase (CHIT-1) are two active chitinases expressed in humans. The chitinase activity of AMCase was found to be causative in allergic inflammation and its expression was found to be induced by interleukin-13. CHIT1-1 is expressed by phagocytic cells and extremely high levels are seen in lysosomal storage diseases. Despite that AMCase expression in the inflammation is under investigation, little is known regarding its regulation during macrophages' full maturation and polarization. In this study, we compared AMCase and CHIT-1 modulation during monocyte to macrophage transition and polarization. Gene expression analysis was investigated by real-time PCR from mRNA of human monocytes obtained from buffy coat of healthy volunteers, from mRNA of polarized to classically activated macrophages (or M1), obtained by interferon (IFN)-γ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, and from mRNA of alternatively activated macrophages (or M2) obtained by interleukin (IL)-4 exposure. Our results showed that the expression of AMCase and CHIT-1 were differently modulated in HMMs at different stage of maturation. The behavior of these two active chitinase suggests that in the immune response their role is complementary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-medical Sciences, University of Catania, Via Androne, 83, 95124, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Michelino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Rosa
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Gregorio
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Malaguarnera
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuttobene
authors.forename: Filomena
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Biazzo
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malaguarnera
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002688:Chitinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006596:Hexosaminidases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D006596:Hexosaminidases; C086400:chitotriosidase; C499254:CHIA protein, human; D002688:Chitinases