title: [Molecular-cellular mechanisms of retina pathology development in people of various age].
abstract: The review considers the molecular-cellular mechanisms of retina pathology in people of various age. Dysfunction of retinal cells (retinal pigment epithelium, photoreceptors, neurons) causes the development of age-related macular degeneration, retinal ischemia and a variety of hereditary diseases. This is the description of involvement of genes and signaling molecules in the dysfunction of retinal cell types. It is established that a breach of RPE65 gene expression leads to age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa and Leber's congenital amaurosis. Mutations in the CRX gene are the cause of progressive states such as cone-rod dystrophy. In addition, more than 100 mutations in RHO have been identified, leading to different variants of retinitis pigmentosa. The involvement of TGF-(beta2 in the formation of retinal cells and the regulation of secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF, which synthesis is increased by ischemic lesions of the retina, is described.
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Proniaeva
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Lin'kova
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Trofimova
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: D'iakonov
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D055351:Retinal Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D012168:Retinal Pigments / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005136:Eye Proteins; D012168:Retinal Pigments