title: Hepatoprotective and cytoprotective properties of Hyptis suaveolens against oxidative stress-induced damage by CCl(4) and H(2)O(2).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate capacity of Hyptis suaveolens (H. suaveolens) methanol extract as an antioxidant to protect against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity in Albino Wistar rats and cytoprotective effect of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) induced cell death in HepG(2) cell line.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two different doses of methanol extract of H. suaveolens were evaluated for the hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Animals in Group I: served as control, group II: H. suaveolens (100 mL/kg b.w), group III: H. suaveolens (50 mL/kg b.w) + CCl(4) (1 mg/kg), group IV: H. suaveolens (100 mL/kg b.w) + CCl(4) (1 mL/kg) and group V: CCl(4) (1 mL/kg). Histopathologic changes of liver were also evaluated. Cytotoxicity was also determined by 3, (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral sigle dose treatment of CCl(4) produced a marked elevation in the serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Histopathological analysis of the liver of CCl(4)-induced rats revealed marked liver cell necrosis with inflammatory collections that were conformed to increase in the levels of SOD, GSH, GST, GR and LPO. Treatment with H(2)O(2) significantly induced death of HepG(2) cell. Pretreatment with H. suaveolens methanol extract inhibited or attenuated H(2)O(2) induced cytotoxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that H. suaveolens methanol extract can be proposed to protect the liver against CCl(4)-induced oxidative damage in rats and protect the cells against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage in HepG(2) cells. The hepatoprotective and cytoprotective effects might be correlated with its antioxidant and free radical scavenger effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghaffari
authors.forename: Behrouz Jalali
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ghassam
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Prakash
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D031331:Hyptis / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; C022616:thiazolyl blue