title: Customized versus population approach for evaluation of fetal overgrowth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the ability of customized versus normalized population fetal growth norms in identifying neonates at risk for adverse perinatal outcomes (APOs) associated with fetal overgrowth and gestational diabetes (GDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary analysis of a multicenter treatment trial of mild GDM. The primary outcome was a composite of neonatal outcomes associated with fetal overgrowth and GDM. Birth weight percentiles were calculated using ethnicity- and gender-specific population and customized norms (Gardosi).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred three (9.8%) and 288 (13.8%) neonates were large for gestational age by population (LGApop) and customized (LGAcust) norms, respectively. Both LGApop and LGAcust were associated with the primary outcome and neonatal hyperinsulinemia, but neither was associated with hypoglycemia or hyperbilirubinemia. The ability of customized and population birth weight percentiles for predicting APOs were poor (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve < 0.6 for six of eight APOs).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither customized nor normalized population norms better identify neonates at risk of APOs related to fetal overgrowth and GDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. mmcostan@utmb.edu
authors.forename: Maged M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Costantine
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mele
authors.forename: Mark B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Landon
authors.forename: Catherine Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Spong
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ramin
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wapner
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Varner
authors.forename: Dwight J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rouse
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Thorp
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sciscione
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: Steve N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Caritis
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sorokin
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Peaceman
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tolosa
authors.forename: Garland D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001724:Birth Weight; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000097:blood; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D051556:Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012372:ROC Curve; D012016:Reference Values; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide