title: Central nervous system tuberculosis: pathophysiology and imaging findings.
abstract: With the onset of the human immunodeficiency virus pandemic, the incidence of tuberculosis, including central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis, has increased in developed countries. It is no longer a disease confined to underdeveloped and developing countries. The imaging appearance has become more complex with the onset of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Imaging plays an important role in the early diagnosis of CNS tuberculosis and may prevent unnecessary morbidity and mortality. This article presents an extensive review of typical and atypical imaging appearances of intracranial tuberculosis, and discusses pathogenesis, patterns of involvement, and advances in imaging of intracranial tuberculosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of MRI and CT Scan, MRI Center, Dr Balabhai Nanavati Hospital, Vile-Parle (West), Mumbai, India. drdppatkar@gmail.com
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Patkar
authors.forename: Jayant
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Narang
authors.forename: Rama
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yanamandala
authors.forename: Malini
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lawande
authors.forename: Gaurang V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D015994:Incidence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008578:Meninges / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology; D013131:Spine / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D020306:Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*