title: Ang II induce kidney damage by recruiting inflammatory cells and up regulates PPAR gamma and Renin 1 gene: effect of β carotene on chronic renal damage.
abstract: Antioxidants are widely used for prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress and ischemic disorder. We investigated the hypothesis of antioxidants (α-tocopherol and β-carotene) can suppress the renal disorder in apo E-/-mice. Renal damage induced by chronic infusion of Angiotensin II (Ang II) into 4 month old male apo E-/-mice. After that the mice were treated with diet enriched α tocopherol and β carotene (800 mg/kg) for 150 days. Ang II treated kidney showed polycystic appearance with accumulation of clear fluid and constriction of renal artery and renal vein was noticed. Vacuolar/cystic degeneration as well as inflammatory reactions was noticed in the tubules/glomerulus of Ang II treated mice. β carotene treated mice showed enormous numbers of regenerated tubules in the kidney and over expression of ICAM proteins in the regenerated tubules. CD 45.2, MAC 3 proteins were over expressed in the inflammatory cells infiltrated into the tubular region of Ang II treated kidney. Gene expression studies revealed up regulation of Renin 1 (Ren 1) and PPARγ genes in the kidney of Ang II treated animals, but the β carotene treatment controlled the expression of these genes in the regenerated kidneys. β carotene may have protective effective on chronic renal disorder. It may repress the inflammatory genes (Ren 1, PPARγ) to achieve the protective effect on Ang II induced renal damage.
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
authors.forename: Gopal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kaliappan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nagarajan
authors.forename: Ramya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moorthy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalai Gana Selvi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Avinash Raj
authors.forename: Jerald
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mahesh Kumar
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007690:Polycystic Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012083:Renin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D047495:PPAR gamma; D019207:beta Carotene; D000804:Angiotensin II; D012083:Renin