title: 'Emerging' mycotoxins in cereals processing chains: changes of enniatins during beer and bread making.
abstract: Enniatins represent an emerging food safety issue because of their extensive incidence, documented in recent decades, in various small grain cereals. This study was concerned with the fate of these Fusarium mycotoxins within malting, brewing, milling and baking, when employed for the processing of contaminated barley and wheat. Besides enniatins A, A1, B and B1, also deoxynivalenol and its conjugated form (deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside) were determined in almost all tested cereal-based samples. Significant decline of enniatins occurred within all technologies, with the largest drop in their concentrations observed in the brewing process. While enniatins were not detectable in final beers, they were almost quantitatively transferred to spent grains, probably because of their limited water solubility. Regarding bread baking, levels of enniatins decreased down to 30% of their concentration in the initial flour used for baking. In this case, degradation at higher temperatures might be assumed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vaclavikova
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malachova
authors.forename: Zdenka
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Veprikova
authors.forename: Zbynek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dzuman
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zachariasova
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hajslova
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000382:microbiology*; D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology; D047630:Depsipeptides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D005511:Food Handling; D059022:Food Safety; D005670:Fusarium / Q000378:metabolism*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D047630:Depsipeptides; D009183:Mycotoxins; C100264:enniatins