title: Molecular identification, cloning and characterization of transmitted/founder HIV-1 subtype A, D and A/D infectious molecular clones.
abstract: We report the molecular identification, cloning and initial biological characterization of 12 full-length HIV-1 subtype A, D and A/D recombinant transmitted/founder (T/F) genomes. T/F genomes contained intact canonical open reading frames and all T/F viruses were replication competent in primary human T-cells, although subtype D virus replication was more efficient (p<0.05). All 12 viruses utilized CCR5 but not CXCR4 as a co-receptor for entry and exhibited a neutralization profile typical of tier 2 primary virus strains, with significant differences observed between subtype A and D viruses with respect to sensitivity to monoclonal antibodies VRC01, PG9 and PG16 and polyclonal subtype C anti-HIV IgG (p<0.05 for each). The present report doubles the number of T/F HIV-1 clones available for pathogenesis and vaccine research and extends their representation to include subtypes A, B, C and D.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baalwa
authors.forename: Shuyi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Nicholas F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Parrish
authors.forename: Julie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.forename: Brandon F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Keele
authors.forename: Gerald H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Learn
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruzagira
authors.forename: Deogratius
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ssemwanga
authors.forename: Anatoli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamali
authors.forename: Pauli N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Amornkul
authors.forename: Matt A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kappes
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karita
authors.forename: Pontiano
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaleebu
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gilmour
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Montefiori
authors.forename: Barton F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Haynes
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cormier
authors.forename: Beatrice H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005260:Female; D018703:Founder Effect; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D019713:Receptors, CCR5