title: Resistant starch and pullulan reduce postprandial glucose, insulin, and GLP-1, but have no effect on satiety in healthy humans.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of three novel fibers on satiety and serum parameters. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, fasted subjects (n=20) consumed a low-fiber control breakfast or one of four breakfasts containing 25 g of fiber from soluble corn fiber (SCF) or resistant starch (RS), alone or in combination with pullulan (SCF+P and RS+P). Visual analog scales assessed appetite, and blood samples were collected to measure glucose, insulin, ghrelin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The fiber treatments did not influence satiety or energy intake compared to control. RS+P significantly reduced glucose, insulin, and GLP-1, but neither SCF treatment differed from control. To conclude, these fibers have little impact on satiety when provided as a mixed meal matched for calories and macronutrients. Additional research regarding the physiological effects of these novel fibers is needed to guide their use as functional ingredients in food products.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55508, United States.
authors.forename: Abby S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Klosterbuer
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Joanne L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Slavin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D062408:Breakfast; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005936:Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000187:drug effects; D012527:Satiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013213:Starch / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005936:Glucans; D007328:Insulin; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; C009109:pullulan; D013213:Starch