title: Conventional and nanotechniques for DNA methylation profiling.
abstract: DNA methylation is critical for gene silencing and is associated with the incidence of many diseases, including cancer. Underlying molecular mechanisms of human diseases and tissue-specific gene expression have been elucidated based on DNA methylation studies. This review highlights the advantages and drawbacks of various methylation screening techniques: blotting, genomic sequencing, bisulfite sequencing, methylation-specific PCR, methylated DNA immunoprecipitation, microarray analysis, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy, nanowire transistor detection procedure, quantum dot-based nanoassay, single-molecule real-time detection, fluorimetric assay, electrochemical detection, and atomic force spectroscopy. The review provides insight for selecting a method or a combination of methods for DNA methylation analysis. Convergence of conventional and contemporary nanotechniques to enumerate methylation at specific CpG sites of oncogene would fill the gap in diagnosis of cancer.
authors.affiliation: CoRx Lifesciences and Pharmaceutical Pvt Ltd, Trichirapalli, India.
authors.forename: Rajasree
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shanmuganathan
authors.forename: Nazeema B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Basheer
authors.forename: Laxmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Amirthalingam
authors.forename: Harshiny
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muthukumar
authors.forename: Rajendran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaliaperumal
authors.forename: Kumaran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shanmugam
mesh_terms: D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D053770:Nanowires; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013447:Sulfites / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D013447:Sulfites; D004247:DNA; C042345:hydrogen sulfite