title: The efficacy of a topical sialogogue spray containing 1% malic acid in patients with antidepressant-induced dry mouth: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the most important antidepressants side effects is dry mouth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a topical sialogogue spray containing 1% malic acid on patients affected by dry mouth caused by antidepressants drug.
  
  
  METHODS
  This research took the form of a double-blind, randomized clinical trial at Faculty of Dentistry of University of Granada (Spain). Seventy participants with antidepressant-induced dry mouth were divided into two groups: for the first "intervention group" (35 subjects) a topical sialogogue spray (1% malic acid) was applied, while for the second "control group" (35 subjects), a placebo spray was applied; for both groups, the sprays were applied on demand during 2 weeks. The dry mouth questionnaire (DMQ) was used to evaluate dry mouth symptoms before and after product/placebo application. Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flows rates, before and after application, were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dry mouth symptoms improved after 1% malic acid topical spray application (p < .05). After 2 weeks of 1% malic acid application, unstimulated and stimulated salivary flows rates increased significantly (p < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A sialogogue spray containing 1% malic acid improved dry mouth feeling of the patients suffering antidepressant-induced dry mouth and increased unstimulated and stimulated salivary flows rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacological Research in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. ggomez@ugr.es
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gómez-Moreno
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Salvatierra
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guardia
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uribe-Marioni
authors.forename: Maribel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cabrera-Ayala
authors.forename: Rafael Arcesio
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Delgado-Ruiz
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Calvo-Guirado
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008293:Malates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012463:Saliva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014987:Xerostomia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D008293:Malates; C030298:malic acid