title: Capsicum annuum WRKY transcription factor d (CaWRKYd) regulates hypersensitive response and defense response upon Tobacco mosaic virus infection.
abstract: WRKY transcription factors regulate biotic, abiotic, and developmental processes. In terms of plant defense, WRKY factors have important roles as positive and negative regulators via transcriptional regulation or protein-protein interaction. Here, we report the characterization of the gene encoding Capsicum annuum WRKY transcription factor d (CaWRKYd) isolated from microarray analysis in the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-P(0)-inoculated hot pepper plants. CaWRKYd belongs to the WRKY IIa group, a very small clade in the WRKY subfamily, and WRKY IIa group has positive/negative regulatory roles in Arabidopsis and rice. CaWRKYd transcripts were induced by various plant defense-related hormone treatments and TMV-P(0) inoculation. Silencing of CaWRKYd affected TMV-P(0)-mediated hypersensitive response (HR) cell death and accumulation of TMV-P(0) coat protein in local and systemic leaves. Furthermore, expression of some pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and HR-related genes was reduced in the CaWRKYd-silenced plants compared with TRV2 vector control plants upon TMV-P(0) inoculation. CaWRKYd was confirmed to bind to the W-box. Thus CaWRKYd is a newly identified Capsicum annuum WRKY transcription factor that appears to be involved in TMV-P(0)-mediated HR cell death by regulating downstream gene expression.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 1, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Un
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: La Mee
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Gil-Je
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung-Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Paek
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002212:Capsicum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D020868:Gene Silencing; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014027:Tobacco Mosaic Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; C009496:H protein, Tobacco mosaic virus; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C053376:pathogenesis-related proteins, plant