title: LDL receptor-related protein-1 is a sialic-acid-independent receptor for myelin-associated glycoprotein that functions in neurite outgrowth inhibition by MAG and CNS myelin.
abstract: In the injured adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS), products are generated that inhibit neuronal sprouting and regeneration. In recent years, most attention has focused on the myelin-associated inhibitory proteins (MAIs) Nogo-A, OMgp, and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG). Binding of MAIs to neuronal cell-surface receptors leads to activation of RhoA, growth cone collapse, and neurite outgrowth inhibition. In the present study, we identify low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) as a high-affinity, endocytic receptor for MAG. In contrast with previously identified MAG receptors, binding of MAG to LRP1 occurs independently of terminal sialic acids. In primary neurons, functional inactivation of LRP1 with receptor-associated protein, depletion by RNA interference (RNAi) knock-down, or LRP1 gene deletion is sufficient to significantly reverse MAG and myelin-mediated inhibition of neurite outgrowth. Similar results are observed when LRP1 is antagonized in PC12 and N2a cells. By contrast, inhibiting LRP1 does not attenuate inhibition of neurite outgrowth caused by chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Mechanistic studies in N2a cells showed that LRP1 and p75NTR associate in a MAG-dependent manner and that MAG-mediated activation of RhoA may involve both LRP1 and p75NTR. LRP1 derivatives that include the complement-like repeat clusters CII and CIV bind MAG and other MAIs. When CII and CIV were expressed as Fc-fusion proteins, these proteins, purified full-length LRP1 and shed LRP1 all attenuated the inhibition of neurite outgrowth caused by MAG and CNS myelin in primary neurons. Collectively, our studies identify LRP1 as a novel MAG receptor that functions in neurite outgrowth inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Travis L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Stiles
authors.forename: Travis L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Dickendesher
authors.forename: Alban
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaultier
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Castaneda
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mantuano
authors.forename: Roman J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Giger
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gonias
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D019556:COS Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; C068313:Ngfr protein, rat; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid