title: The prevalence and associated risk factors of sleep disorder-related symptoms in pregnant women in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The sleep disorder in pregnant women remains unfamiliar to perinatal care providers, resulting in lack of appropriate care. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorder-related symptoms in pregnant women and to identify the associated risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Married pregnant women were enrolled from their first trimester and followed up until delivery. Nonpregnant married healthy women were selected as controls. A survey questionnaire was administered to each of them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We successfully performed a survey to 1,993 pregnant women and 598 nonpregnant women. The overall prevalence of sleep disorder-related symptoms in pregnant women was significantly higher than the controls (56.1 vs. 29.9 %, P < 0.05). There was higher prevalence of snoring (30.2 %), observed sleep apnea (1.1 %), mouth breathing (23.7 %), nocturnal arousal (46.5 %), insomnia (35.1 %), and daytime sleepiness (52.6 %) in pregnant women. There were no significant differences of the prevalence of bruxism (7.0 vs. 6.7 %), sleep talking (8.1 vs. 7.2 %), and sleep walking (0.4 vs. 0.2 %) between the two groups (P > 0.05). Nocturnal sleep time (8.0 ± 1.3 h) was less in the third trimester compared with the nonpregnant women (8.2 ± 1.1 h) (P < 0.05). Smoking (OR = 3.39), drinking (OR = 2.40), allergic rhinitis/asthma (OR = 1.71), an obvious difference in neck circumference (OR = 1.11), and waistline (OR = 1.07) changes between the first and third trimesters were the risk factors for sleep disorder-related problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a high prevalence of sleep disorder-related symptoms in pregnant women. Our data may provide a baseline for prevention and treatment of sleep disturbances in pregnant women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China. caixh839@sina.com
authors.forename: Xiao-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Yu-Peng
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Xiu-Cui
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wang-Lei
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong-Xia
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jie-Qiang
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Liang-Xing
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055105:Waist Circumference