title: Accuracy and concordance of anthropometry for measuring regional fat distribution in adults aged 20-55 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess the accuracy and concordance of anthropometrically derived prediction equations for the estimation of regional fat mass (FM) distribution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two white males and 50 females with a large range of age (20-55 years) and BMI (16.6-33.4 kg/m(2)) were included. Whole body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were acquired and anthropometric prediction equations for regional FM were developed and cross-validated. On the basis of the total sample two anthropometrically derived indices of FM distribution [Formula: see text] ratio and [Formula: see text] ratio were compared with their DXA analogues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both sexes multiple linear regression models predicted the regional DXA fat masses with good accuracy (P < 0.001). In men mean bias (limits of agreement) were: -6.8 g (-535,364) for FM(arms), 65 g (-1921,2052) for FM(trunk), -21 g (-1374,1332) for FM(legs), -0.2% (-5.0,4.7) for %FM(trunk) and -0.5% (-6.8,5.8) for %FM(legs). In women mean difference (limits of agreement) were: -86 g (-463,450) for FM(arms), 30 g (-1784,1844) for FM(trunk), -278 g (-1782,1227) for FM(legs), 0.4% (-5.5,6.3) for %FM(trunk), and 0.3% (-8.3,8.9) for %FM(legs). No systematic (constant and proportional) differences between methods for the determination of FM distribution ratios were found, suggesting method interchangeability. The concordance for subject classification based on t-scores according to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was significant (P < 0.001), with substantial agreement for [Formula: see text] ratio (κ(w) = 0.80) and [Formula: see text] ratio (κ(w) = 0.75).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anthropometric variables offer promise to the development of simple, noninvasive, and inexpensive screening to identify individuals with abnormal FM distribution. The anthropometrically derived indices of FM distribution demonstrate sufficient accuracy for clinical use. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Anatomy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. aldo.scafoglieri@vub.ac.be
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scafoglieri
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tresignie
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Provyn
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marfell-Jones
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Jan Pieter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Clarys
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bautmans
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001132:Arm / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D060726:Torso / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055815:Young Adult