title: Prisons: the psychiatric institution of last resort?
abstract: The World Health Organization declared in 1948 that the enjoyment of the highest individual attainment of health for any person is a fundamental human right. Australia, the U.K. and the United States all legally ratified this declaration as becoming signatories to their founding treatise with the United Nations. Despite this, there are many conspicuous examples of inequities of public health as found within these nations. One of the more disparate and outrageous examples of inequities in public health has been an insidious trend towards criminalizing mental illness, and the largely unjust treatment of many mentally ill persons. This change has resulted in untold numbers of mentally ill persons being over-represented within the criminal justice system, experiencing higher morbidity, co-morbidity and mortality rates, and having difficulty in surviving in a society frequently dealing with their illness in a persecutory manner. Questions must be raised: that although over the passage of time medical science and technology has changed, but has western societies' attitudes to health equity kept pace?
authors.affiliation: Registered Psychiatric Nurse, Seaford Meadows, SA, Australia. matthewhuxter@yahoo.com.au
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Huxter
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D017046:Cost Savings / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D057237:Criminals / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003688:Deinstitutionalization / Q000191:economics / Q000600:supply & distribution; D006291:Health Policy / Q000191:economics; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006742:Hospital Bed Capacity / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000191:economics / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D028701:Patient Rights; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011330:Prisons / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D057545:Social Stigma; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: crime and mental health; discourse analysis; forensic; health and social policy; human rights