title: Platycodin D attenuates bile duct ligation-induced hepatic injury and fibrosis in mice.
abstract: Platycodin D (PD) is the major triterpene saponin in the root of Platycodon grandiflorum. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of PD on bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced cholestasis in mice. Mice were allocated to five groups: sham, BDL alone, and BDL with PD treatment at 1, 2, and 4mg/kg. PD was administered to the mice for 28 consecutive days after the BDL operation. PD treatment of BDL-operated mice decreased serum alanine aminotransferase, serum aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels by up to 37%, 31%, and 41%, respectively, in comparison with the levels in mice that underwent BDL alone. PD treatment attenuated oxidative stress, as evidenced by an increase in anti-oxidative enzyme levels glutathione and superoxide dismutase together with a decrease in lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress indices levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. Histopathological studies further confirmed the protective effects of PD on cholestasis-induced hepatic injury and liver fibrosis in mice. In addition, nuclear factor-kappa B and inducible nitric oxide synthase levels significantly decreased after PD treatment, as did the levels of hepatocyte apoptosis. Taken together, these results suggest that PD treatment might be beneficial in cholestasis-induced hepatotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Gung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Won
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hong-Ki
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: In-Bae
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jong-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Eun-Sang
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hwa-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Ju-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Hyo-In
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Yun
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000601:surgery; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D008026:Ligation; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D020011:Protective Agents; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; C108953:platycodin D; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D005978:Glutathione; D001663:Bilirubin