title: Fatty acid patterns and risk of prostate cancer in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fatty acids in blood may be related to the risk of prostate cancer, but epidemiologic evidence is inconsistent. Blood fatty acids are correlated through shared food sources and common endogenous desaturation and elongation pathways. Studies of individual fatty acids cannot take this into account, but pattern analysis can. Treelet transform (TT) is a novel method that uses data correlation structures to derive sparse factors that explain variation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to gain further insight in the association between plasma fatty acids and risk of prostate cancer by applying TT to take data correlations into account.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reanalyzed previously published data from a case-control study of prostate cancer nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. TT was used to derive factors explaining the variation in 26 plasma phospholipid fatty acids of 962 incident prostate cancer cases matched to 1061 controls. Multiple imputation was used to deal with missing data in covariates. ORs of prostate cancer according to factor scores were determined by using multivariable conditional logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four simple factors explained 38% of the variation in plasma fatty acids. A high score on a factor reflecting a long-chain n-3 PUFA pattern was associated with greater risk of prostate cancer (OR for highest compared with lowest quintile: 1.36; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.86; P-trend = 0.041).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pattern analyses using TT groupings of correlated fatty acids indicate that intake or metabolism of long-chain n-3 PUFAs may be relevant to prostate cancer etiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. ccd@soci.au.dk
authors.forename: Christina C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Dahm
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gorst-Rasmussen
authors.forename: Francesca L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Crowe
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roswall
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjønneland
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drogan
authors.forename: Heiner
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boeing
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Teucher
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaaks
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adarakis
authors.forename: Dimosthenes
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zylis
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trichopoulou
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fedirko
authors.forename: Veronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chajes
authors.forename: Mazda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jenab
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palli
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pala
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tumino
authors.forename: Fulvio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ricceri
authors.forename: Henk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Kranen
authors.forename: H Bas
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Bueno-de-Mesquita
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Quirós
authors.forename: María-José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Luján-Barroso
authors.forename: Nerea
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Larrañaga
authors.forename: María-Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Chirlaque
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ardanaz
authors.forename: Mattias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Pär
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stattin
authors.forename: Kay-Tee
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Khaw
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wareham
authors.forename: Petra A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Wark
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Norat
authors.forename: Elio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riboli
authors.forename: Tim J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Key
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Overvad
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D012306:Risk; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D010743:Phospholipids