title: Culturable microbial groups and thallium-tolerant fungi in soils with high thallium contamination.
abstract: Thallium (Tl) contamination in soil exerts a significant threat to the ecosystem health due to its high toxicity. However, little is known about the effect of Tl on the microbial community in soil. The present study aimed at characterizing the culturable microbial groups in soils which experience for a long time high Tl contamination and elevated Hg and As. The contamination originates from As, Hg and Tl sulfide mineralization and the associated mining activities in the Guizhou Province, Southwest China. Our investigation showed the existence of culturable bacteria, filamentous fungi and actinomyces in long-term Tl-contaminated soils. Some fungal groups grow in the presence of high Tl level up to 1000 mg kg⁻¹. We have isolated and identified nine Tl-tolerant fungal strains based on the morphological traits and ITS analysis. The dominant genera identified were Trichoderma, Penicillium and Paecilomyces. Preliminary data obtained in this study suggested that certain microbes were able to face high Tl pollution in soil and maintain their metabolic activities and resistances. The highly Tl-tolerant fungi that we have isolated are potentially useful in the remediation of Tl-contaminated sites.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China.
authors.forename: Jialong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Zengping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jingquan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Tangfu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002681:China; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008906:Mining; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D013793:Thallium / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013793:Thallium