title: Indocyanine green enhanced transpupillary thermotherapy in combination with ophthalmic artery chemosurgery for retinoblastoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Review our experience in the use of indocyanine green (ICG) enhanced transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) in combination with ophthalmic artery chemosurgery for retinoblastomas unresponsive to standard TTT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single centre, retrospective study of 16 eyes in 13 retinoblastoma patients treated with TTT and ICG via indirect ophthalmoscope: 23 treatments of 16 eyes, with a mean follow-up of 12.1 months (range 3-35 months). Outcome measures included tumour response and electroretinogram.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment resulted in significant tumour regression in all eyes: 13 eyes with well-differentiated characteristics, 2 with implanting vitreous seeds and 1 eye refractory to traditional TTT. ERG function was retained in all eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICG-enhanced TTT with ophthalmic artery chemosurgery can effectively treat retinoblastoma refractory to conventional focal treatments without deleterious ocular side effects.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 70 East 66th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Jasmine H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Abramson
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Brodie
authors.forename: Brian P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Marr
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004596:Electroretinography; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011680:Pupil; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green