title: Structured type 1 diabetes education delivered within routine care: impact on glycemic control and diabetes-specific quality of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether improvements in glycemic control and diabetes-specific quality of life (QoL) scores reported in research studies for the type 1 diabetes structured education program Dose Adjustment For Normal Eating (DAFNE) are also found when the intervention is delivered within routine U.K. health care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before and after evaluation of DAFNE to assess impact on glycemic control and QoL among 262 adults with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant improvements in HbA(1c) from baseline to 6 and 12 months (from 9.1 to 8.6 and 8.8%, respectively) in a subgroup with suboptimal control. QoL was significantly improved by 3 months and maintained at both follow-up points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Longer-term improved glycemic control and QoL is achievable among adults with type 1 diabetes through delivery of structured education in routine care, albeit with smaller effect sizes than reported in trials.
authors.affiliation: School of Health & Social Care, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK. debbie.cooke@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.forename: Rod
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bond
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lawton
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rankin
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Speight
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011788:Quality of Life; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin