title: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer: Biology (II) and Translational Methods.
abstract: The essential steps implicated in carcinogenesis are acquisition of autonomous proliferative signaling; inhibition of growth inhibitory signals; evasion of apoptosis; immortalization; angiogenesis; tissue invasion and metastasis. A considerable progress in understanding the process of carcinogenesis has further stimulated the high throughput translational methods and systems biology approach to revolutionize this field of cancer biology. The era of molecular targeted therapy has dawned and would soon replace the more 'toxic' classical 'broad-spectrum' cancer chemotherapy. This review summarises the steps of carcinogenesis and the concepts involved in translational methods, systems-biology and molecular targeted therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UT MD Anderson Cancer center, Houston, USA.
authors.forename: Anupam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Amita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Xiaolin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Nong
keywords: Carcinogenesis; Molecular targeted therapy; Systems-biology