title: Utilization of and charges for robotic versus laparoscopic versus open surgery for endometrial cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the utilization and hospital charges associated with robotic (RS) versus laparoscopic (LS) versus open surgery (OS) in endometrial cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital discharge data were extracted from Florida Agency for Health Care Administration between October 2008 and December 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 2,247 patients (median age: 64 years), 29% had RS, 10% had LS, and 61% had OS. The mean length of hospital stay was 1.6, 1.8, and 3.9 days for RS, LS, and OS, respectively (P < 0.001). The median hospital charge was $51,569, $37,202, and $36,492, for RS, LS, and OS (P < 0.001), with operating room charges ($22,600, $13,684, and $11,272) accounting for the major difference. Robotic surgery utilization increased by 11% (23-34%) over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this statewide analysis of endometrial cancer patients, the utilization of robotic surgery increased and is associated with higher hospital charges compared to laparoscopic and open procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Deirdre
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lum
authors.forename: Tuyen K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kiet
authors.forename: Katherine C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Fuh
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Stefanie M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Lee-May
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kapp
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida; D017722:Hospital Charges / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D012371:Robotics / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends