title: The ABC's of Acid-Base Balance.
abstract: A step-wise systematic approach can be used to determine the etiology and proper management of acid-base disorders. The objectives of this article are to: (1) discuss the physiologic processes involved in acid-base disturbances, (2) identify primary and secondary acid-base disturbances based upon arterial blood gas and laboratory measurements, (3) utilize the anion gap for diagnostic purposes, and (4) outline a stepwise approach for interpretation and treatment of acid-base disorders. Case studies are used to illustrate the application of the discussed systematic approach.
authors.affiliation: The University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Gordon S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Sacks
keywords: acid-base