title: Galactagogue effects of Musa x paradisiaca flower extract on lactating rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the potential of Musa x paradisiaca (M. x paradisiaca) flower extracts in promoting milk production of lactating rats and its effects on growth of the suckling pups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Galactagogue activity was evaluated in terms of quantity of milk produced from the rats treated with petroleum ether, ethanol or water extracts of the flower. Lactating rats (n = 5) of Spraque Dawley with six pups each were administered with the extracts in the amount of 500 mg/kg body weight, while the control rats were given an equivalent amount of distilled water. The rats were daily administered via oral feeding starting from Day 5 until Day 14 and the performance of milk production was measured along the experimental period by weight-suckle-weight method. Results were statistically analyzed using SPSS by means of ANOVA at 0.05 and was expressed as their mean?standard deviation. The rates of pups' growth were measured as the weight gain along the experimental period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rats treated with aqueous extract produced higher milk than control and ethanol groups. Aqueous extract was identified to increase milk production by 25%, while petroleum ether extract by 18%. The mean of yields produced by the rats during suckling period for aqueous, petroleum ether, ethanol and control were 4.62±2.45, 4.37±1.93, 3.65±1.89 and 3.69±1.79, respectively. Growth rates of pups for the rats treated with control, aqueous, ethanol extract and petroleum ether were (1.85±0.49), (1.78±0.56), (1.65±0.46) and (1.56±0.42) g/pup, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study reveals the potential of M. x paradisiaca flower to enhance milk production of nursing mothers which could be exploited for commercialization of the isolated extract.
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Azizah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: Muhammad Nor
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.forename: Nurziana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ngah
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry; D056669:Galactogogues / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects*; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D056669:Galactogogues; D010936:Plant Extracts