title: Preliminary validation of the Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS) in a military population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Army Surgeon General released the Pain Management Task Force final report in May 2010. Among military providers, concerns were raised that the standard numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain was inconsistently administered and of questionable clinical value. In response, the Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS) was developed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The instrument design integrates pain rating scale features to improve interpretability of incremental pain intensity levels, and to improve communication and documentation across all transitions of care. A convenience sample of 350 inpatient and outpatient active duty or retired military service members participated in the study at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Participants completed the five-item DVPRS-one pain intensity NRS with and without word descriptors presented in random order and four supplemental items measuring general activity, sleep, mood, and level of stress and the Brief Pain Inventory seven interference items. Using systematic sampling, a random sample was selected for a word descriptor validation procedure matching word phases to corresponding pain intensity on the NRS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parallel forms reliability and concurrent validity testing demonstrated a robust correlation. When the DVPRS was presented with the word descriptors first, the correlation between the two ratings was slightly higher, r = 0.929 (N = 171; P < 0.001), than ordering first without the descriptors, r = 0.882 (N = 177; P < 0.001). Intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.943 showing excellent alignment of word descriptors by respondents (N = 42), matching them correctly with pain level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DVPRS tool demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties in a military population.
authors.affiliation: Defense and Veterans Center for Integrative Pain Management, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. cbuckenmaier@dvcipm.org
authors.forename: Chester C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Buckenmaier
authors.forename: Kevin T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Galloway
authors.forename: Rosemary C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Polomano
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McDuffie
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Rollin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Gallagher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires