title: Increased oxidative stress in normal-weight postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome compared with metabolically healthy overweight/obese individuals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess whether the metabolically healthy overweight/obese phenotype is associated with decreased oxidative stress compared with normal-weight individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) and urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α) were analyzed in a cross-sectional study of 1846 healthy postmenopausal women. Participants were classified by presence (n=569) or absence (n=1277) of MetS and by BMI (18.5-24.9kg/m(2)=normal weight, n=1254; ≥25kg/m(2)=overweight/obese, n=592). MetS was diagnosed with the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to normal weight women with MetS (n=296), metabolically healthy overweight/obese women (n=319) showed lower blood pressure, triglyceride, and glucose and higher HDL cholesterol, adiponectin, and LDL particle size. Ox-LDL was higher in overweight/obese women without MetS than in normal weight women without MetS (n=958) but was lower than in women with MetS. Urinary 8-epi-PGF2α level was about 11% lower in women without MetS than in women with MetS. Normal weight women with MetS had greater odds of having ox-LDL (multivariate odds ratio [OR] 2.42, 95% CI: 1.65-3.55) and 8-epi-PGF2α (OR 1.49; CI: 1.03-2.14) levels in the top quartile compared to normal weight women without MetS after adjusting for age, drinking, smoking, total- and LDL-cholesterol, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein. Additionally, there was no significant correlation between ox-LDL and 8-epi-PGF2α.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The metabolically healthy overweight/obese phenotype was associated with a better overall metabolic profile and less oxidative stress than that observed in normal weight individuals with MetS. Furthermore, there was a lack of association between ox-LDL and 8-epi-PGF2α.
authors.affiliation: National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Minjoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jean Kyung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.forename: Ryungwoo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Soo Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008019:Life Style; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D050177:Overweight / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D015237:Dinoprost