title: Antidepressant-like effects of fractions, essential oil, carnosol and betulinic acid isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis L.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant-like effect of fractions from Rosmarinus officinalis L.: ethyl acetate 1 and 2 (AcOEt1 and 2), hexane (HEX), ethanolic (ET), and essential oil-free (EOF) fractions, as well as essential oil, the isolated compounds carnosol and betulinic acid in the tail suspension test, a predictive test of antidepressant activity. Swiss mice were acutely administered by oral route (p.o.) with fractions, essential oil or isolated compounds, 60 min before the tail suspension test or open-field test. All of them produced a significant antidepressant-like effect: AcOEt1, ET, EOF fractions and essential oil (0.1-100mg/kg, p.o); HEX (0.1-10mg/kg, p.o) and AcOEt2 fraction (0.1-1mg/kg, p.o), carnosol (0.01-0.1mg/kg, p.o.) isolated from the HEX fraction and betulinic acid (10mg/kg, p.o.), isolated from the AcOEt1 and AcOEt2 fractions. No psychostimulant effect was shown in the open-field test, indicating that the effects in the tail suspension test are specific. This study suggests that carnosol and betulinic acid could be responsible for the anti-immobility effect of extracts from R. officinalis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis-SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniele G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Mauricio P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Vivian B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Neis
authors.forename: Grasiela O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Balen
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colla
authors.forename: Luis E B
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Bettio
authors.forename: Agatha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Francis Leonardo
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Pazini
authors.forename: Juliana B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Dalmarco
authors.forename: Edésio Luiz
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Simionatto
authors.forename: Moacir G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pizzolatti
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia S
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D019417:Hindlimb Suspension; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000094062:Betulinic Acid
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; C068623:carnosol; D000094062:Betulinic Acid