title: Association of ADIPOQ +45T>G polymorphism with body fat mass and blood levels of soluble adiponectin and inflammation markers in a Mexican-Mestizo population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity is a disease with genetic susceptibility characterized by an increase in storage and irregular distribution of body fat. In obese patients, the decrease in the Adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) expression has been associated with a systemic low-grade inflammatory state. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between ADIPOQ +45T>G gene simple nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs2241766) with serum adiponectin (sAdiponectin), distribution of body fat storage, and inflammation markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 242 individuals from Western Mexico characterized as Mexican-Mestizo and classified by body mass index (BMI), were included. Anthropometrics, body composition, body fat distribution, and inflammation markers were measured by routine methods. Genotypes were characterized using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique and sAdiponectin by the ELISA method. A P-value <0.05 was considered the statistically significant threshold.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sAdiponectin is associated with BMI (P < 0.001) and the genotypes (P < 0.001 to 0.0046) GG (8169 ± 1162 ng/mL), TG (5189 ± 501 ng/mL), and TT (3741 ± 323 ng/mL), but the SNP ADIPOQ +45T>G is not associated with BMI. However, the detailed analysis showed association of this SNP with a pattern of fat distribution and correlations (P < 0.05) with inflammation markers and distribution of body fat storage (Pearson's r = -0.169 to -0.465) were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, we have suggested that the ADIPOQ +45G allele could be associated with distribution of body fat storage in obesity. On the other hand, as no association was observed between ADIPOQ +45T>G gene polymorphism and obesity, it cannot be concluded that the ADIPOQ +45G allele is responsible for the increase of adiponectin levels.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Sciences Doctorate Program, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Milton-Omar
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Guzman-Ornelas
authors.forename: Efrain
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chavarria-Avila
authors.forename: Jose-Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Munoz-Valle
authors.forename: Laura-Elizabeth
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Armas-Ramos
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castro-Albarran
authors.forename: Maria Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Aguilar Aldrete
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oregon-Romero
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vazquez-Del Mercado
authors.forename: Rosa-Elena
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Navarro-Hernandez
keywords: ADIPOQ gene polymorphism; Mexican-Mestizo population; body fat distribution; levels of inflammation markers; obesity