title: In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity of three root canal sealers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antibacterial activity is one of the desirable properties of an ideal sealer. This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effect of three different sealers, i.e. resin (AH26), calcium hydroxide (Apexit) and zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) based sealers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Direct contact test with agar diffusion was used in this in vitro study. The freshly mixed sealers were AH26, Apexit and pure ZOE. They were prepared according to manufacturer's instruction and placed in prepared wells of 30 agar plates inoculated with Streptococcus (S) mutans and Prevotella (P) melaninogenicus (15 samples for each microorganism). All plates were incubated for 7 days (196 hours) at 37˚C under anaerobic conditions, and zones of inhibition were measured after 3 days, 5 days and 7 days. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all determined intervals, the antibacterial activity of AH26 was significantly greater than other test materials (P<0.001). ZOE sealer had moderate effect on test microorganisms, whilst Apexit showed the lowest antibacterial activity on S. Mutans and no antibacterial activity on P. melaninogenicus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ascending sequence of bacterial growth inhibition zones was as AH26>Pure ZOE>Apexit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Dental Research Center, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Yazdan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shantiaee
authors.forename: Omid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dianat
authors.forename: Anoosheh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janani
authors.forename: Golbarg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kolahi Ahari
keywords: AH26; Antibacterial activity; Apexit; Endodontic sealers; ZOE sealer