title: Animal models of carcinogenesis in inflamed colorectum: potential use in chemoprevention study.
abstract: Inflammation is a risk factor for cancer development in several tissues. In the colorectum, inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease) is a longstanding inflammatory disease with increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). Several molecular events involving in chronic inflammatory process contribute to multi-stage carcinogenesis of CRC in the inflamed colon. They include alterations in production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory enzymes, and intestinal immune system. In this short review, experimental animal models of inflammation-associated CRC are described. Also, some preclinical data on chemoprevention of inflammation-associated CRC by astaxanthin and a specific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase using these inflammation-related CRC models is briefly introduced.
authors.affiliation: Cytopatholgy Division, Tohkai Cytopathology Institute, Cancer Research and Prevention (TCI-CaRP), 5-1-2 Minami-uzura, Gifu City, Gifu 500-8285, Japan. takutt@toukaisaibou.co.jp
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018890:Chemoprevention / Q000379:methods; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents