title: Stem cells in dentistry--Part II: Clinical applications.
abstract: New technologies that facilitate solid alveolar ridge augmentation are receiving considerable attention in the field of prosthodontics because of the growing requirement for esthetic and functional reconstruction by dental implant treatments. Recently, several studies have demonstrated potential advantages for stem-cell-based therapies in regenerative treatments. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are now an excellent candidate for tissue replacement therapies, and tissue engineering approaches and chair-side cellular grafting approaches using autologous MSCs represent the clinical state of the art for stem-cell-based alveolar bone regeneration. Basic studies have revealed that crosstalk between implanted donor cells and recipient immune cells plays a key role in determining clinical success that may involve the recently observed immunomodulatory properties of MSCs. Part II of this review first overviews progress in regenerative dentistry to consider the implications of the stem cell technology in dentistry and then highlights cutting-edge stem-cell-based alveolar bone regenerative therapies. Factors that affect stem-cell-based bone regeneration as related to the local immune response are then discussed. Additionally, pre-clinical stem cell studies for the regeneration of teeth and other oral organs as well as possible applications of MSC-based immunotherapy in dentistry are outlined. Finally, the marketing of stem cell technology in dental stem cell banks with a view toward future regenerative therapies is introduced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. egu@dent.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Egusa
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sonoyama
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Ikiru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Atsuta
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akiyama
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014070:Tooth / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins