title: MRI-ultrasound fusion for guidance of targeted prostate biopsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate cancer (CaP) may be detected on MRI. Fusion of MRI with ultrasound allows urologists to progress from blind, systematic biopsies to biopsies, which are mapped, targeted and tracked. We herein review the current status of prostate biopsy via MRI/ultrasound fusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three methods of fusing MRI for targeted biopsy have been recently described: MRI-ultrasound fusion, MRI-MRI fusion ('in-bore' biopsy) and cognitive fusion. Supportive data are emerging for the fusion devices, two of which received US Food and Drug Administration approval in the past 5 years: Artemis (Eigen, USA) and Urostation (Koelis, France). Working with the Artemis device in more than 600 individuals, we found that targeted biopsies are two to three times more sensitive for detection of CaP than nontargeted systematic biopsies; nearly 40% of men with Gleason score of at least 7 CaP are diagnosed only by targeted biopsy; nearly 100% of men with highly suspicious MRI lesions are diagnosed with CaP; ability to return to a prior biopsy site is highly accurate (within 1.2 ± 1.1 mm); and targeted and systematic biopsies are twice as accurate as systematic biopsies alone in predicting whole-organ disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the future, MRI-ultrasound fusion for lesion targeting is likely to result in fewer and more accurate prostate biopsies than the present use of systematic biopsies with ultrasound guidance alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. lmarks@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: Shelena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Shyam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Natarajan
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D061705:Image-Guided Biopsy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*