title: A novel therapeutic system for malignant glioma: nanoformulation, pharmacokinetic, and anticancer properties of cell-nano-drug delivery.
abstract: Macrophage carriage, release, and antitumor activities of polymeric nanoformulated paclitaxel (PTX) were developed as a novel delivery system for malignant glioma. To achieve this goal, the authors synthesized PTX-loaded nanoformulations (nano-PTX), then investigated their uptake, release, and toxicological properties. Chemosensitivity was significant in U87 cells (P < 0.05) at concentrations from 10(-4) to 10(-8) M following 72 hours' exposure to bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMM)-nano-PTX in comparison with treatment with nano-PTX alone. The most significant reductions in U87 cell viability (P < 0.05) were observed in the transwell cocultures containing BMM-nano-PTX. Limited toxicity to BMM was observed at the same concentrations. BMM functions were tested by analysis of microtubules and actin filaments, as the cytoarchitecture, demonstrating a similar cytoskeleton pattern before and after nano-PTX was loaded into cells. This data indicate that nanoformulations of PTX facilitate cell uptake, delay toxicity, and show improved therapeutic efficacy by BMM-nano-PTX delivery.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In this study the delivery, release, and antitumor activity of polymeric nanoformulated paclitaxel carried by macrophages are described as a novel and efficient system for treatment of resistant malignant glioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Youhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Miaomiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Huanyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dou
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004337:Drug Carriers; D017239:Paclitaxel