title: FTIR microspectroscopy of selected rare diverse sub-variants of carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
abstract: Urothelial carcinomas of the bladder are a heterogeneous group of tumours, although some histological sub-variants are rare and sparsely reported in the literature. Diagnosis of sub-variants from conventional urothelial carcinoma can be challenging, as they may mimic the morphology of other malignancies or benign tumours and therefore their distinction is important. For the first time, the spectral pathology of some of these sub-variants has been documented by infrared microspectroscopy and an attempt made to profile their biochemistry. It is important not only to identify and separate the cancer-associated epithelial tissue spectra from common tissue features such as stroma or blood, but also to detect the signatures of tumour sub-variants. As shown, their spectroscopic signals can change dramatically as a consequence of differentiation. Example cases are discussed and compared with histological evaluations.
authors.affiliation: Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Caryn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Junaid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iqbal-Wahid
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shanks
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eustace
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Denley
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hoskin
authors.forename: Catharine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Noel W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gardner
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001706:Biopsy; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D006003:Glycogen / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010641:Phenotype; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods; D060388:Support Vector Machine; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D006003:Glycogen