title: Hydrogen water consumption prevents osteopenia in ovariectomized rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Accumulating evidence indicates an important role of oxidative stress in the progression of osteoporosis. Recently, it was demonstrated that hydrogen gas, as a novel antioxidant, could selectively reduce hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite anion to exert potent therapeutic antioxidant activity. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of hydrogen water (HW) consumption on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ovariectomized rats were fed with HW (1.3 ± 0.2 mg·L⁻¹) for 3 months. Then, blood was collected and femur and vertebrae were removed for evaluation of the effect of HW on bone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HW consumption in ovariectomized rats had no significant effect on oestrogen production, but prevented the reduction of bone mass including bone mineral content and bone mineral density in femur and vertebrae, and preserved mechanical strength including ultimate load, stiffness, and energy, and bone structure including trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness in femur, and preserved mechanical strength including ultimate load and stiffness, and bone structure including trabecular bone volume fraction and trabecular number in vertebrae. In addition, treatment with HW abated oxidative stress and suppressed IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expressions in femur of ovariectomized rats; treatment with HW increased femur endothelial NOS activity and enhanced circulating NO level in ovariectomized rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HW consumption prevents osteopenia in ovariectomized rats possibly through the ablation of oxidative stress induced by oestrogen withdrawal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ya-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Hua-Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shu-Xun
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015519:Bone Density; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D006859:Hydrogen; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors; C498145:Rela protein, rat; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat