title: Plasma cyclophilin A is a novel biomarker for coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxidative stress induces secretion of cyclophilin A (CyPA) from vascular smooth muscle cells and it plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in mice. Therefore, we tested our hypothesis that plasma CyPA levels are increased in patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 320 consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography, we examined the relationship between plasma CyPA levels and the severity of CAD. We measured plasma CyPA by an immunoassay based on the sandwich technique. Plasma CyPA levels were significantly higher in patients with significant coronary stenosis compared to those without it (P<0.001). A positive correlation was noted between plasma CyPA levels and significant coronary stenosis. The average number of stenotic coronary arteries and the need for coronary intervention were significantly increased in the quartiles of higher CyPA levels (both P<0.001). Indeed, the plasma CyPA level significantly correlated with the presence of CAD (adjusted odds ratio for CAD, 6.20; 95% confidence interval, 3.14-12.27; P<0.001). Interestingly, plasma levels of CyPA increased according to the number of atherosclerotic risk factors, all of which induce oxidative stress. Furthermore, plasma levels of CyPA significantly reduced after medical treatment of risk factors. Finally, CyPA was strongly expressed in coronary atherosclerotic plaque in patients with myocardial infarction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma CyPA level is a novel biomarker for oxidative stress and CAD in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimura
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nochioka
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tatebe
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamichi-Yamamoto
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Shizuka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osaki
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsuburaya
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Morihiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015897:Comorbidity; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D021984:Cyclophilin A / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D021984:Cyclophilin A