title: Factors associated with complications of community-acquired pneumonia in preschool children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify socioeconomic factors and clinical factors associated with the development of complications in preschool children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective longitudinal study involving children (12-59 months of age) diagnosed with CAP and admitted to the pediatric wards of two hospitals in the metropolitan area of Campinas, Brazil. Children with cystic fibrosis, heart disease, pulmonary malformations, neurological disorders, or genetic diseases were excluded. The diagnosis of CAP was based on clinical and radiological findings. Data were collected from the medical records and with a semi-structured questionnaire. The subjects were divided into two groups (complicated and uncomplicated CAP). Socioeconomic and clinical variables were compared, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 63 children included, 29 and 34, respectively, presented with uncomplicated and complicated CAP. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups regarding age at admission, gestational age, birth weight, gender, or socioeconomic variables. Significant differences were found between the groups regarding history of pneumonia (p = 0.03), previous antibiotic therapy (p = 0.004), time elapsed since the onset of CAP (p = 0.01), duration of fever prior to admission (p < 0.001), duration of antibiotic therapy (p < 0.001), and length of hospital stay (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, only duration of fever prior to admission remained in the model (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.36-2.84; p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biological variables, especially duration of fever prior to admission, appear to be associated with the development of complications in children with CAP.
authors.affiliation: Unicamp, State University at Campinas – Campinas, Brazil. pollyanag@gmail.com
authors.forename: Pollyana Garcia
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Amorim
authors.forename: André Moreno
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Morcillo
authors.forename: Antônia Teresinha
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Tresoldi
authors.forename: Andréa de Melo Alexandre
authors.initials: Ade M
authors.lastname: Fraga
authors.forename: Ricardo Mendes
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Emílio Carlos Elias
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Baracat
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors