title: Structural probes in quadruplex nucleic acid structure determination by NMR.
abstract: Traditionally, isotope-labelled DNA and RNA have been fundamental to nucleic acid structural studies by NMR. Four-stranded nucleic acid architectures studies increasingly benefit from a plethora of nucleotide conjugates for resonance assignments, the identification of hydrogen bond alignments, and improving the population of preferred species within equilibria. In this paper, we review their use for these purposes. Most importantly we identify reasons for the failure of some modifications to result in quadruplex formation.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK.
authors.forename: Andreas Ioannis
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Karsisiotis
authors.forename: Mateus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Webba da Silva
mesh_terms: D020029:Base Pairing; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D054856:G-Quadruplexes; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D018736:DNA Adducts; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA