title: Polymorphisms and haplotypes in the YWHAE gene increase susceptibility to bipolar disorder in Chinese Han population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are 2 major psychiatric illnesses sharing some specific genetic risk factors. Increasing evidence suggests the 2 illnesses might be more closely related than previously considered.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test this hypothesis, we investigated the allele and genotype frequencies of 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the haplotypes in these SNPs of the YWHAE gene.
  
  
  METHODS
  1,982 patients were interviewed by 2 independent, experienced psychiatrists. Bipolar disorder diagnoses were made in strict accordance with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. In 2011, we conducted this genetic association analysis between 11 SNPs in YWHAE and bipolar disorder, involving a male group and a female group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the analysis of allele and genotype frequencies, the SNP rs1873827 increased susceptibility to bipolar disorder in the male group. The haplotype analysis of CAC in rs3752826, rs2131431, and rs1873827 in the male group (χ2 = 25.744, P = 3.97E-07, OR = 0.478 [95% CI, 0.358-0.639]) and of ACT and CAC in rs3752826, rs2131431, and rs1873827 in the female group (for ACT, χ2 = 30.365, P = 3.67E-08, OR = 0.040 [95% CI, 0.007-0.218]; for CAC, χ2 = 16.874, P = 4.04E-05, OR = 0.597 [95% CI, 0.466-0.765]) showed they are protective factors for bipolar disorder. However, the haplotype analysis of CAT in the male group (χ2 = 19.874, P = 8.39E-06, OR = 2.314 [95% CI, 1.587-3.374]) and of AAC and CAT in the female group (for AAC, χ2 = 38.561, P = 5.47E-10, OR = 7.104 [95% CI, 3.471-14.540]; for CAT, χ2 = 25.497, P = 4.52E-07, OR = 2.076 [95% CI, 1.556-2.770]) showed they are risk factors for bipolar disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering the size of our sample, the results suggest that YWHAE does play a major role in bipolar disorder in the Han Chinese population.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhi-Qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun-Yan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ti
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: You
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yi-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Guo-Yin
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Yong-Yong
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; C482983:YWHAE protein, human