title: Enantioselective induction of a glutathione-S-transferase, a glutathione transporter and an ABC transporter in maize by Metolachlor and its (S)-isomer.
abstract: The metabolism of chiral herbicides in plants remains poorly understood. Glutathione conjugation reactions are one of the principal mechanisms that plants utilize to detoxify xenobiotics. The induction by rac- and S-metolachlor of the expression of three genes, ZmGST27, ZmGT1 and ZmMRP1, encoding respectively a glutathione-S-transferase, a glutathione transporter and an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter was studied in maize. The results demonstrate that the inducing effect of rac- and S-metolachlor on the expression of ZmGST27 and ZmGT1 is comparable. However, the inducing effect of rac-metolachlor on ZmMRP1 expression is more pronounced than that of S-metolachlor. Furthermore, vanadate, an ABC transporter inhibitor, could greatly reduce the difference in herbicidal activity between rac- and S-metolachlor. These results suggest that the ABC transporters may preferentially transport conjugates of rac-metolachlor, leading to a faster metabolism of the latter. Through comparing the expression of ZmGST27, ZmMRP1 and ZmGT1 after treatment by rac- and S-metolachlor, we provide novel insights into the metabolic processes of chiral herbicides in plants.
authors.affiliation: College of Sciences, China Agricultural University & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Zhaojin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.forename: Zhiqian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Liusheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chengju
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics*; D000081:Acetamides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000081:Acetamides; D006540:Herbicides; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C086860:glutathione transporter; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C051786:metolachlor