title: Microbial transformation and sorption of anthracene in liquid culture.
abstract: Armillaria sp. F022, a white-rot fungus isolated from decayed wood in tropical rain forest was used to biodegrade anthracene in cultured medium. The percentage of anthracene removal by Armillaria sp. F022 reached 13 % after 7 days and at the end of the experiment, anthracene removal level was at 87 %. The anthracene removal through sorption and transformation was investigated. 69 % of eliminated anthracene was transformed by Armillaria sp. F022 to form other organic structure, while only 18 % was absorbed in the mycelia. In the kinetic experiment, anthracene dissipation will not stop even though the biomass had stopped growing. Anthracene removal by Armillaria sp. F022 was correlated with protein concentration (whole biomass) in the culture. The production of enzyme was affected by biomass production. Anthracene was transformed to two stable metabolic products. The metabolites were extracted in ethyl-acetate, isolated by column chromatography, and then identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental and Water Resources Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. hadibarata@utm.my
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hadibarata
authors.forename: Meor Mohd Fikri Ahmad
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Zubir
authors.lastname: Rubiyatno
authors.forename: Teh Zee
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Chuang
mesh_terms: D000873:Anthracenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D055392:Armillaria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D018533:Biomass; D001711:Biotransformation; D025282:Mycelium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; C034020:anthracene