title: Induction of a T-Helper 1 (Th1) immune response in mice by an extract from the Pleurotus eryngii (Eringi) mushroom.
abstract: To assess the effect of edible mushroom extracts on the induction of T-helper 1 (Th1) immunity, we examined differences in interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-4 production in mice induced by hot-water extracts of 15 species of edible mushroom. Extracts from Agaricus bisporus, Flammulina velutipes, Hypsizigus marmoreus, Lentinula edodes, and Lyophyllum decastes induced both IFN-γ and IL-4 production in mice, whereas extracts from Pleurotus ostreatus only induced IL-4. In contrast, extracts from Agaricus blazei, Grifola frondosa, Morchella esculenta, Pholiota nameko, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, and Pleurotus eryngii induced only IFN-γ production. In particular, the extract from P. eryngii induced high levels of IFN-γ and reduced levels of IL-4. We further investigated the use of a trial immunogen using the P. eryngii extract as a Th1 immunostimulator. An oil-in-water emulsion of the hot-water extract from P. eryngii (immunostimulator) and ovalbumin (OVA; antigen) was used as a trial immunogen. This immunogen induced strong OVA-specific IgG2a antibody production in mice compared with the negative controls. In addition, OVA-specific IgG1 antibody levels were lower than those for the negative controls. Marked increases in serum IFN-γ levels and high-level production of IFN-γ in the culture supernatant from the CD4(+) spleen cells in the trial immunogen group mice were observed. Our results suggested that the hot-water extract from P. eryngii induced Th1 immunity by acting as an immunostimulator.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan. ike-k@nvlu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ike
authors.forename: Natsuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kameyama
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D020076:Pleurotus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D010047:Ovalbumin