title: Expert practical operative skills teaching in Trauma and Orthopaedics at a nominal cost.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The AO Foundation Operative Fracture Management course is the gold standard in training courses currently available for trainees at ST3 level. We have devised a low cost operative skills course comprising instructional lectures, demonstrations and practical dry bone workshops. To assess the quality of teaching, candidates' feedback was analysed in two cohorts for the running of the course over two consecutive years: 2008 and 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trainees were given short instructional lectures by consultant surgeons followed by workshops, with a trainer to candidate ratio of 1:4. A trauma inventory was provided by Stryker Trauma UK, ensuring a nominal fee for each candidate (£50). Feedback was anonymously collected according to a Likert scale and analysed using non-parametric methods appropriate for ranked data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty one of 22 (95%) candidates gave feedback in 2008 and 18 out of 18 candidates (100%) in 2009. The teaching provided was highly rated consistently for both years, apart from an informal session on theatre tips and tricks in 2008. This was not repeated in 2009 to allow more practical time. Only one session, an intramedullary nailing lecture, had a significant difference in scores between the 2 years (p = 0.044) because of improved scores in 2009.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to changes in training, trainees have reduced exposure in theatre and this has implications for the early stages of acquiring practical operative skills. As an adjunct to the AO course, practical skills teaching by consultants in the format of a low cost skills workshop outside of a theatre environment can be achieved with support from a trauma implant supplier.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Trust, Huddersfield, UK. johnfdavies@hotmail.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pilling
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dimri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chakrabarty
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000191:economics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D009985:Orthopedics / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013663:Teaching / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D006113:United Kingdom; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000601:surgery*