title: Multivariate analysis of micro-Raman spectra of thermoplastic polyurethane blends using principal component analysis and principal component regression.
abstract: Probing the specific hydrogen-bonding behavior of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blends using vibrational spectroscopies remains the sin qua non for understanding the link between hydrogen-bonding and phase-segregation behavior. However, current literature holds to more traditional  univariate approaches when studying the morphologically interesting normal molecular vibrations of TPUs. In the present study, multivariate analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA) and principal component regression (PCR), is used to scrutinize the relevant Raman bands acquired  from a binary mixture of analogous TPU copolymer blends. Considering the near identical behavior of selected spectral regions, PCA was capable of isolating linear and nonlinear composition-dependent trends on PC-scores plots. From here, the PC scores, extracted from wavelengths comprising  the carbonyl stretching region (1681-1764 cm(-1)), CH(2) deformations (1380-1500 cm(-1)), aromatic stretch from the hard segment (1617 cm(-1)), and amide II mixed band (1540 cm(-1)), were used to explicitly  predict the mole fraction of hard segment present in each blend using PCR. Spectral preprocessing, wavelength selection, and variable scaling were major factors in PCR accurately predicting the weight fraction of each copolymer in spite of the clearly evident, blend-specific spectroscopic  behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, 83844-1021, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew Todd
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Weakley
authors.forename: P C Temple
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Warwick
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Bitterwolf
authors.forename: D Eric
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Aston