title: Persistent müllerian duct syndrome: How to deal with the müllerian duct remnants - a review.
abstract: Persistent müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is usually a surprise finding either during orchidopexy or during routine inguinal hernia repair in male patients. Often, the surgeon would face a dilemma about what is to be done with the remnants of müllerian duct, i.e. the fallopian tubes, uterus and proximal vagina. Till recently, it was advised to retain these structures whenever it was felt that the complete excision of these structures may jeopardise the blood supply and integrity of the vas deferens. Recent reports of malignancy in these retained structures would justify more aggressive approach. In our patients with PMDS, we have removed the mucosa of the retained müllerian structures, without compromising the integrity and vascularity of the vas deferens, thus reducing the chances of malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Medical College, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Manjunath
authors.forename: Vasanth G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Shenoy
authors.forename: Preetham
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Raj
keywords: Hernia uteri inguinale; Müllerian inhibiting substance; Persistent müllerian duct syndrome; Transverse testicular ectopia