title: Calyceal fistula: a problematic, but treatable, complication of renal transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Calyceal fistula is a rare complication of renal transplantation that may lead to graft loss. This article reports a case of functional recuperation of a  graft that seemed condemned to failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  31 year old male patient, submitted to living donor renal transplant, in which was necessary to ligate a superior polar artery found during donor nephrectomy,  due to its short length. This resulted in development of a calyceal fistula, unsolved with conservative treatment by percutaneous drainage. A new surgical intervention revealed a large upper pole area of necrotic tissue, corresponding to the obliterated artery irrigation zone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Debridement and calyceal suture were performed and a posterior pyelography confirmed fistula closure. Presently, he is asymptomatic, with stabilized graft function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calyceal fistulas are complications of difficult resolution. However, the present case demonstrates that with an appropriate treatment it is possible to  save a graft with no apparent solution at the first place.
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal. manuelantonielo@gmail.com
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castanheira de Oliveira
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prata
authors.forename: La Salete
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Leonídio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Filinto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marcelo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003646:Debridement; D004322:Drainage; D006801:Humans; D007670:Kidney Calices / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013537:Sutures; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*