title: The mediating role of alcohol-related memory associations on the relation between perceived parental drinking and the onset of adolescents' alcohol use.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study was to examine the mediating role of alcohol-related memory associations in the relation between perceived parental drinking and the onset of adolescents' alcohol use. Gender and grade were also included in the analyses.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested a mediation model within a structural path modelling framework using longitudinal data (two waves).
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 608 Canadian adolescents (42.9% boys), who did not have any alcohol experiences at the first measurement. The adolescents were recruited from all grades 7-9 classes in a large school district in western Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Alcohol-related memory associations were tested with the Word Association Test. We used adolescent self-reports of alcohol use and parental drinking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results clearly showed a mediation effect of alcohol-related memory associations [estimate = 0.023, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.002-0.044). That is, parental drinking as perceived by the adolescent was related positively to alcohol-related memory associations, which in turn predicted adolescents' alcohol use a year later. Gender and grade were related to alcohol-related memory associations. That is, boys and adolescents of higher grades had more memory associations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children appear to form memory associations related to alcohol before they ever drink alcohol themselves, and these associations appear to mediate the link between their perceptions of their parents' drinking and their own initial alcohol use.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Haske
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Der Vorst
authors.forename: Marvin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krank
authors.forename: Rutger C M E
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Engels
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pieters
authors.forename: William Jay
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Burk
authors.forename: Suzanne H W
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mares
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010465:Perception; D012309:Risk-Taking