title: CASA derived human sperm abnormalities: correlation with chromatin packing and DNA fragmentation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of morphokinetic abnormalities of human spermatozoa on chromatin packing and DNA integrity and possible beneficial effects of sperm selection in ICSI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Semen samples from 1002 patients were analysed for morphology and motility using CASA. Protamine status and DNA fragmentation were analysed by chromomycin A3 staining and sperm chromatin dispersion assay respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sperms with elongated, thin, round, pyri, amorphous, micro and macro forms were significantly higher in teratozoospermic and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic groups. Significant difference in chromatin packing and DNA fragmentation index was observed in these abnormal groups compared with normal. Similarly significant correlation was also seen between abnormal motility parameters and DNA fragmentation index in asthenozoospermic group compared with normal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific abnormal morphological forms have higher incidence of chromatin packing abnormalities and DNA fragmentation. Using these sperms in ICSI might have an impact on fertilization, embryo development and abortion rates. These can be selectively avoided during ICSI procedure to improve ART outcome.
authors.affiliation: Genetics Department, Krishna IVF Clinic, Krishna Nagar, Visakhapatnam, 530 002, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sivanarayana
authors.forename: Ch Ravi
authors.initials: ChR
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.forename: G Jaya
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.forename: K Murali
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Madan
authors.forename: B Sireesha
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Rani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sudhakar
authors.forename: G A Rama
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Raju
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014128:Chromomycin A3; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D011479:Protamines / Q000378:metabolism; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; C121307:CASA antigen; D002843:Chromatin; D011479:Protamines; D014128:Chromomycin A3