title: Mortality after surviving traumatic brain injury:  risks based on age groups.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess mortality, life expectancy, risk factors, and causes of death by age groups among persons who received inpatient traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The TBI Model Systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  8573 individuals injured between 1988 and 2009, with survival status per December 31, 2009, determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized mortality ratio, life expectancy, and cause of death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Moderate-severe TBI increases risk of mortality compared with the general population in all age groups, with the exception of those 85 years or older at the time of injury. Teenagers to middle-aged adults are at particular risk. Risk factors for death varied by age group and included gender, marital and employment status, year and cause of injury, and level of disability. External causes of death predominate in younger groups. For the youngest male participants in the sample, longevity was reduced up to 16 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk factors and causes of death varied considerably by age group for individuals with moderate-severe TBI who were receiving acute care rehabilitation. Moderate-severe TBI is a chronic health condition.
authors.affiliation: Craig Hospital, Englewood, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harrison-Felix
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kolakowsky-Hayner
authors.forename: Flora M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Englander
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dams-OʼConnor
authors.forename: Scott E D
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kreider
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Novack
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Diaz-Arrastia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000401:mortality*; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D017741:Survivors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult