title: miR-196a overexpression and miR-196a2 gene polymorphism are prognostic predictors of oral carcinomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is prevalent worldwide, and survival in OSCC has not improved significantly in the last few decades. MicroRNAs have an important regulatory role in oral carcinogenesis. This study investigated the prognostic implications of miR-196 expression and the rs11614913 genotype of the miR-196a2 gene in OSCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinicopathologic implications of miR-196 in OSCC were investigated using expression assays and genotyping, and the functional role of miR-196 in OSCC pathogenesis was investigated using exogenous expression and knockdown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  miR-196 was up-regulated in OSCC tissue relative to control mucosa. High expression of miR-196a, but not miR-196b, was associated with tumor recurrence, nodal metastasis, and mortality. Plasma miR-196a levels could be used to distinguish patients from controls with a separating power of 0.75. Multivariate analysis showed that both high miR-196a expression and TT genotype were independent predictors for poor survival in OSCC. The risk of mortality was greatest for patients with high miR-196a level and positive node status. Expression of miR-196 enhanced oncogenesis of OSCC cells, while inhibition of miR-196 expression attenuated such effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High miR-196a expression in tumor tissue and the presence of the TT variant of miR-196a2 gene indicate worse survival in OSCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chung-Ji
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Meng-Miao
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Hsi-Feng
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Man-Tin
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lui
authors.forename: Hui-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Shu-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015996:Survival Rate; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C542543:MIRN196 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger