title: Mapping biological behaviors by application of longer-lived positron emitting radionuclides.
abstract: With the technological development of positron emission tomography (PET) and the advent of novel antibody-directed drug delivery systems, longer-lived positron-emitting radionuclides are moving to the forefront to take important roles in tracking the distribution of biotherapeutics such as antibodies, and for monitoring biological processes and responses. Longer half-life radionuclides possess advantages of convenient on-site preparation procedures for both clinical and non-clinical applications. The suitability of the long half-life radionuclides for imaging intact monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and their respective fragments, which have inherently long biological half-lives, has attracted increased interest in recent years. In this review, we provide a survey of the recent literature as it applies to the development of nine-selected longer-lived positron emitters with half-lives of 9-140h (e.g., (124)I, (64)Cu, (86)Y and (89)Zr), and describe the biological behaviors of radionuclide-labeled mAbs with respect to distribution and targeting characteristics, potential toxicities, biological applications, and clinical translation potentials.
authors.affiliation: Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section, ROB, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1002, USA.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Kwamena E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Baidoo
authors.forename: Martin W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Brechbiel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D011868:Radioisotopes
keywords: (124)I; (64)Cu; (86)Y; (89)Zr; 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N′,N″,N″′-tetraacetic acid; 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N′,N″-1,4,7-triacetic acid; 1-N-(4-aminobenzyl)-3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6]eicosane-1,8-diamine; 1-oxa-4,7,1-tetraazacyclododecane-5-S-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-4,7,10-triacetic acid; 3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1]-pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene-4-S-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-3,6,9-triacetic acid; CHX-A″-DTPA; DOTA; DOTA-DPhe1-Tyr3-octreotide; DOTATOC; DTPA; HPMA; Immuno-PET; Monoclonal antibodies; N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide; N-[R-2-amino-3-(p-isothiocyanato-phenyl)propyl]-trans-(S,S)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine-N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentaacetic acid; NOTA; Oncology; PIB; PIP; Radioimmunoimaging; SATA; SarAr; bispecific monoclonal antibody; bsMAb; diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid; p-SCN-Bn-PCTA; p-SCN-Bn-oxo-DO3A; p-iodobenzoate; para-iodophenyl; succinimidyl acetylthioacetate