title: Neurostimulation methods in the treatment of chronic pain.
abstract: The main neuromodulatory methods using neurostimulation principles are described. It concerns peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), spinal cord stimulation (SCS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), motor cortex stimulation (MSC), and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). For each method the history, pathophysiology, the principles for use and the associated diagnoses are mentioned. Special attention is focused on the most common neuromodulatory invasive methods like SCS and MCS and non-invasive methods such as rTMS. In addition to the positive effects, side effects and complications are described and discussed in detail. In conclusion, neuromodulatory (neurostimulatory) techniques are highly recommended for the treatment of different types of pharmacoresistant pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Normal, Pathological and Clinical Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. richard.rokyta@lf3.cuni.cz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rokyta
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fricová
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000379:methods