title: Extinction bursts in rats trained to self-administer nicotine or food in 1-h daily sessions.
abstract: Extinction bursts are characterized by a temporary increase in responding when drug access is withheld from rats trained to self-administer drugs of abuse. Thus far, one study has examined extinction bursts for nicotine self-administration using a 23-h access paradigm [1]. Here we examined extinction bursts using previously published and unpublished data in which rats were trained to self-administer nicotine (0.03mg/kg/infusion) or food pellets (as a comparator) in 1-h sessions under an FR5 schedule of reinforcement followed by 1-h extinction sessions. Analysis of response rates during nicotine self-administration (NSA) was indicative of a loading phase, as response rates were significantly higher at the beginning of the session, which was not observed for food self-administration. At the start of extinction for both food and nicotine, although sessional response rates did not increase, there was an increase in response rate during the first 5-min of the first extinction session relative to self-administration. This transient extinction burst following nicotine was observed in a minority of subjects and correlated with the number of nicotine infusions obtained during self-administration. This transient extinction burst following food was observed in all subjects. Nicotine and food produce more transient extinction bursts compared to other drugs of abuse and only for a minority of animals in the case of nicotine. This study supports the presence of a loading phase in rats trained to self-administer nicotine in 1-r daily sessions and the presence of a transient extinction burst.
authors.affiliation: Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Abhiram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pushparaj
authors.forename: Yaroslaw
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pryslawsky
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Forget
authors.forename: Yijin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Le Foll
keywords: Nicotine; drug seeking; extinction; extinction burst; rats; self-administration