title: Epidemiology of assault-related hospitalizations in Thailand in the fiscal year 2010: comparison between with and without psychiatric disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Assault is a leading cause of injury and death; however little is known regarding the psychiatric epidemiology of assault-related hospitalizations (ARH) in Thailand.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the epidemiological data of ARH in Thailand for the fiscal year 2010 and to compare the epidemiology of ARH between with and without psychiatric disorder
  
  
  METHODS
  The data analyzed were from the annual reports for the fiscal year 2010 (October 1, 2009-September 30, 2010), on every kind of hospitalization reimbursed by the Universal Health Coverage System, the Social Welfare System, and the Civil Servant Medical Benefits Scheme, altogether provided medical coverage for more than 96% of the Thai population. The information on ARH (X85-Y09: ICD-10 version for 2010) and comorbid psychiatric disorder(s) (F00-F99) were extracted. Number of in-patient hospitalizations by sex, age, geographical region, month, hospital charges, length of hospital stay (LOS) and mortality rate (MR) were analyzed. Frequencies (percentages) of ARH and subgroups were reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The national ARH care cost was 0.98% of the overall national in-patient care expenses (88,964 million Baht). The rate of ARH was 0.72 of every 100 hospitalizations or 7.74 incidents/100,000 general population. Assaults leading to hospitalizations frequently occurred among males (80.86%); in 25-39 year-olds (35.60%), 40-59 year-olds (22.85%); by sharp object (29.44%), blunt object (24.40%) and bodily force (23.71%); in the Central (39.48%) and Northeast region (31.16%). There was a tri-modal monthly peak distribution: April (11.12%), December (9.45%) and October (8.90%). A minority i.e. 0.4% (male to female ratio of 4.22:1) of ARH had a concomitant psychiatric disorder(s): the most frequent being 'mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use' (66.54%) followed by 'schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders' (14.230%). The MR of ARH with and without concomitant psychiatric disorder was 1.03% and 0.30%, respectively. The LOS of overall ARH was 5.15 +/- 12.41 days, min-max was 1-568 days and the mode was 1 day. The LOS of ARH with/without psychiatric disorder was 5.2 +/- 12.4 vs. 3.7 +/- 7.5 days. The expenses paid for ARH with/without psychiatric disorder was 75,811,383.40 Baht vs. 791,214,659.90 Baht.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assault accounted for 0.72 hospitalization of every 100 hospitalizations and 7.74 times/100,000 population. A fraction (0.04%) of ARH had concomitant psychiatric disorder(s): most frequently psychoactive substance use disorders followed by schizophrenia and related psychosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. pattharee@kku.ac.th
authors.forename: Pattharee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paholpak
authors.forename: Poonsri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rangseekajee
authors.forename: Niramol
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patjanasoontorn
authors.forename: Surapol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Virasiri
authors.forename: Sumitr
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sutra
authors.forename: Suchat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paholpak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D017722:Hospital Charges / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*