title: Undergraduate students introduction to manual and rotary root canal instrumentation.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of undergraduates in their first contact with manual and rotary root canal instrumentation. Forty-two students who had never worked on a root canal before instrumented 42 extracted lower-incisors. Participants were assigned to one of two groups: Rotary instrumentation or manual instrumentation. Pre- and post-operative computed tomography scans were obtained with a 3-dimensional dental imaging system. Starting and finishing times of preparation were recorded. The cross-sectional area of the root canal was analyzed with 2-mm-below-the-apex initial and final transverse images recorded through a digital imaging system and analyzed with software to measure the initial and final area of the root canal in mm(2). Data from the cross-sectional area of the root canal and time spent were subjected to the Mann-Whitney's U-test (p<0.05). The rotary instrumentation group showed smaller time for preparation (p=0.0204). No differences between rotary and manual instrumentation regarding the cross-sectional area of the root canal were observed (p=0.25). No accidents occurred. Undergraduate students showed good performance in their first contact with the manual and rotary instrumentation with regard to time spent and cross-sectional area of the root canal, with no operative accidents.
authors.affiliation: Master Program in Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. deleonardi@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Denise Piotto
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Leonardi
authors.forename: Gisele Aihara
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Haragushiku
authors.forename: Flavia Sens Fagundes
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Tomazinho
authors.forename: Adilson Yoshio
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Furuse
authors.forename: Lusiane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Volpato
authors.forename: Flares
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baratto-Filho
mesh_terms: D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004497:Education, Dental; D004708:Endodontics / Q000193:education*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013335:Students, Dental; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; C040654:titanium nickelide; D013193:Stainless Steel; D009532:Nickel; D004492:Edetic Acid; D014025:Titanium; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite