title: An 11-year review of dental injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures in Turin, Italy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to analyze the incidence, characteristics, and correlations between maxillofacial fractures and dental injuries in patients who were treated at a first-level trauma center in a metropolitan center in northwest Italy in the last 11 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2011, 2,110 patients with maxillofacial fractures were admitted. Only dentulous patients with complete clinical records who presented with associated dental injuries were included in this study. Data on the age, gender, mechanism of injury, damaged tooth, type of dental injury, site of facial fractures, and concomitant injuries were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the whole, 267 patients (13.1%), mainly males aged 20-29 years, presented with 759 dental injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures, especially following motor vehicle accidents. The maxillary teeth, most often the anterior elements with decreasing involvement from the incisors to the molars, were the teeth most frequently damaged overall. The main types of dental trauma in patients with maxillofacial fractures were luxations and dental fractures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings show that patients with mandibular fractures were statistically and significantly associated with dental injury, and the teeth in the upper jaw were the most frequently injured teeth, exhibiting mainly luxations and crown fractures. Confirmation of the predominant impact site in patients with dental injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures comes from the 177 lacerations noted in the chin and lip regions in 267 patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Head and Neck Department, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Corso A.M. Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy, fabio.roccia@libero.it.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Roccia
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boffano
authors.forename: Francesca Antonella
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Guglielmo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramieri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008440:Maxillary Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008446:Maxillofacial Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D018677:Tooth Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D014193:Trauma Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult