title: Multimodality imaging of intrauterine devices with an emphasis on the emerging role of 3-dimensional ultrasound.
abstract: The intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) is one of the most widely used reversible contraception methods throughout the world. With advancing technology, it has rapidly gained acceptance through its increased effectiveness and practicality compared with more invasive means such as laparoscopic tubal ligation. This pictorial essay will present the IUDs most commonly used today. It will illustrate both normal and abnormal positions of IUDs across all cross-sectional imaging modalities including 2-dimensional ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, with a focus on the emerging role of 3-dimensional ultrasound as the modality of choice.
authors.affiliation: The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Reiner
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Brindle
authors.forename: Nadia Juliet
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Khati
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014599:Uterus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*