title: The influence of hallucination proneness and social threat on time perception.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Individuals with schizophrenia frequently report disturbances in time perception, but the precise nature of such deficits and their relation to specific symptoms of the disorder is unclear. We sought to determine the relationship between hallucination proneness and time perception in healthy individuals, and whether this relationship is moderated by hypervigilance to threat-related stimuli.
  
  
  METHODS
  206 participants completed the Revised Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale (LSHS-R) and a time reproduction task in which, on each trial, participants viewed a face (happy, angry, neutral, or fearful) for between 1 and 5 s and then reproduced the time period with a spacebar press.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High LSHS-R scores were associated with longer time estimates, but only during exposure to angry faces. A factor analysis of LSHS-R scores identified a factor comprising items related to reality monitoring, and this factor was most associated with the longer time estimates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During exposure to potential threat in the environment, duration estimates increase with hallucination proneness. The experience of feeling exposed to threat for longer may serve to maintain a state of hypervigilance which has been shown previously to be associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: a School of Psychology , University of Sussex , Brighton , UK.
authors.forename: Abbie L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Coy
authors.forename: Samuel B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hutton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D019260:Expressed Emotion / Q000502:physiology; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012919:Social Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013998:Time Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult