title: Novel macro-microporous gelatin scaffold fabricated by particulate leaching for soft tissue reconstruction with adipose-derived stem cells.
abstract: The restoration of body contours as shaped by adipose tissue remains a clinical challenge specifically in patients who have experienced loss of contour due to trauma, surgical removal of tumours or congenital abnormalities. We have developed a novel macro-microporous biomaterial for use in soft tissue re-bulking and augmentation. Alginate beads provided the pore template for the construct. Incorporation, and subsequent dissolution, of the beads within a 7 % (w/v) gelatin matrix, produced a highly porous scaffold with an average pore size of 2.01 ± 0.08 mm. The ability of this scaffold to support the in vitro growth and differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) was then investigated. Histological analysis confirmed that the scaffold itself provided a suitable environment to support the growth of ADSCs on the scaffold walls. When delivered into the macropores in a fibrin hydrogel, ADSCs proliferated and filled the pores. In addition, ADSCs could readily be differentiated along the adipogenic lineage. These results therefore describe a novel scaffold that can support the proliferation and delivery of ADSCs. The scaffold is the first stage in developing a clinical alternative to current treatment methods for soft tissue reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Brighton Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.
authors.forename: Manraj K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Phull
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eydmann
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roxburgh
authors.forename: Justin R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sharpe
authors.forename: Diana J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lawrence-Watt
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Yella
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation*; D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005780:Gelatin / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D055616:Microtechnology / Q000379:methods; D016062:Porosity; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D005780:Gelatin