title: Risk perception about zoonoses in immigrants and Italian workers in Northwestern Italy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess factors associated with a low risk perception of zoonoses and to identify the gaps in knowledge about transmission and prevention of zoonoses in immigrant and Italian workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study with 175 workers in the agro-livestock and agro-food industry in Piemonte, Italy, was carried out. Data were collected with a semi-structured questionnaire based on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) survey. We calculated proportions and used chi-square tests and odds ratios to assess associations. Eight individual interviews with key informants on immigration and public health in Piemonte were carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants were 82 (47%) Italians and 93 (53%) immigrants. Immigrants were from Romania, Morocco, Albania, India, China, Argentina, Peru, Macedonia, Ivory Coast, Ukraine and Colombia. The study revealed significant differences in risk perception at work (p = 0.001). We found associations between "not having correct knowledge about zoonoses" and the following variables: i. "being immigrant" OR = 4.1 (95%CI 1.7;9.8 p ≤ 0.01); ii. "working in the livestock industry" OR = 2.9 (95%CI 1.2;15.4 p = 0.01); and iii. "being an unqualified worker" OR = 4.4 (95%CI 2.9;15.4 p ≤ 0.01). Another strong association was found between being immigrant and having a low job qualification OR = 6.7 (IC95% 2.9 - 15.4 p ≤ 0.01). Asian immigrants were the group with the highest frequency of risky behaviours and the lowest level of knowledge about zoonoses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that there were differences in risk perception of zoonoses between the groups participating in our study. These results suggest that immigrant status can be considered a risk factor for having lower risk perception and lower level of knowledge of zoonoses at work. There is a relationship between this specific knowledge of zoonoses and lack of training and instruction among migrant populations. Our results stress the need for developing education programs on zoonoses prevention among the immigrant population in Piemonte, Italy.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Produzioni Animali, Epidemiologia ed Ecologia, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Universitá degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy. natalia.cediel@unito.it
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cediel
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tomassone
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tiberti
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guiso
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Luis Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Villamil
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Meneghi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D000818:Animals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012306:Risk; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000635:transmission