title: Respiratory function monitoring using a real-time three-dimensional fiber-optic shaping sensing scheme based upon fiber Bragg gratings.
abstract: An array of in-line curvature sensors on a garment is used to monitor the thoracic and abdominal movements of a human during respiration. The results are used to obtain volumetric changes of the human torso in agreement with a spirometer used simultaneously at the mouth. The array of 40 in-line fiber Bragg gratings is used to produce 20 curvature sensors at different locations, each sensor consisting of two fiber Bragg gratings. The 20 curvature sensors and adjoining fiber are encapsulated into a low-temperature-cured synthetic silicone. The sensors are wavelength interrogated by a commercially available system from Moog Insensys, and the wavelength changes are calibrated to recover curvature. A three-dimensional algorithm is used to generate shape changes during respiration that allow the measurement of absolute volume changes at various sections of the torso. It is shown that the sensing scheme yields a volumetric error of 6%. Comparing the volume data obtained from the spirometer with the volume estimated with the synchronous data from the shape-sensing array yielded a correlation value 0.86 with a Pearson's correlation coefficient p<0.01.
authors.affiliation: Aston University, Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Birmingham, B4 7ET, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Allsop
authors.forename: Ranjeet
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhamber
authors.forename: Glynn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: Martin R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Juan Diego
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Ania Castañón
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bennion
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D003020:Clothing; D006801:Humans; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055100:Optical Fibers; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013008:Somatotypes / Q000502:physiology; D013147:Spirometry / Q000295:instrumentation