title: Hydrogen sulfide regulates ethylene-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a newly-discovered signaling molecule in plants and has caused increasing attention in recent years, but its function in stomatal movement is unclear. In plants, H2 S is synthesized via cysteine degradation catalyzed by D-/L-cysteine desulfhydrase (D-/L-CDes). AtD-/L-CDes::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. plants were generated and used to investigate gene expression patterns, and results showed that AtD-/L-CDes can be expressed in guard cells. We also determined the subcellular localization of AtD-/L-CDes using transgenic plants of AtD-/L-CDes::GFP, and the results showed that AtD-CDes and AtL-CDes are located in the chloroplast and in the cytoplasm, respectively. The transcript levels of AtD-CDes and AtL-CDes were affected by the chemicals that cause stomatal closure. Among these factors, ACC, a precursor of ethylene, has the most significant effect, which indicates that the H2 S generated from D-/L-CDes may play an important role in ethylene-induced stomatal closure. Meanwhile, H2 S synthetic inhibitors significantly inhibited ethylene-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis. Ethylene treatment caused an increase of H2 S production and of AtD-/L-CDes activity in Arabidopsis leaves. AtD-/L-CDes over-expressing plants exhibited enhanced induction of stomatal closure compared to the wild-type after ethylene treatment; however, the effect was not observed in the Atd-cdes and Atl-cdes mutants. In conclusion, our results suggest that the D-/L-CDes-generated H2 S is involved in the regulation of ethylene-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, University Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Shandong Province, Qingdao 266109, China.
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Lanxiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lixia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005030:Ethylenes; C036216:ethylene; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide