title: Volatile isoprenoid emissions from plastid to planet.
abstract: Approximately 1-2% of net primary production by land plants is re-emitted to the atmosphere as isoprene and monoterpenes. These emissions play major roles in atmospheric chemistry and air pollution-climate interactions. Phenomenological models have been developed to predict their emission rates, but limited understanding of the function and regulation of these emissions has led to large uncertainties in model projections of air quality and greenhouse gas concentrations. We synthesize recent advances in diverse fields, from cell physiology to atmospheric remote sensing, and use this information to propose a simple conceptual model of volatile isoprenoid emission based on regulation of metabolism in the chloroplast. This may provide a robust foundation for scaling up emissions from the cellular to the global scale.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. sandy.harrison@mq.edu.au
authors.forename: Sandy P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morfopoulos
authors.forename: K G Srikanta
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Dani
authors.forename: I Colin
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Prentice
authors.forename: Almut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arneth
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Atwell
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Barkley
authors.forename: Michelle R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Leishman
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Loreto
authors.forename: Belinda E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Medlyn
authors.forename: Ülo
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Niinemets
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Possell
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peñuelas
authors.forename: Ian J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D055864:Droughts; D017753:Ecosystem; D008954:Models, Biological; D010788:Photosynthesis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*; D012621:Seasons; D013696:Temperature; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D013729:Terpenes; D002245:Carbon Dioxide