title: Effects of normal saline and selenium-enriched hot spring water on experimentally induced rhinosinusitis in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective, randomized, and controlled study examined the effects of normal saline and selenium-enriched hot spring water on experimentally induced rhinosinusitis in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised two control groups (untreated and saline-treated) and three experimental groups of Sprague Dawley rats. The experimental groups received an instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) only, LPS+normal saline (LPS/saline), or LPS+selenium-enriched hot spring water (LPS/selenium). Histopathological changes were identified using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Leakage of exudate was identified using fluorescence microscopy. Microvascular permeability was measured using the Evans blue dye technique. Expression of the Muc5ac gene was measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mucosal edema and expression of the Muc5ac gene were significantly lower in the LPS/saline group than in the LPS group. Microvascular permeability, mucosal edema, and expression of the Muc5ac gene were significantly lower in the LPS/selenium group than in the LPS group. Mucosal edema was similar in the LPS/selenium group and LPS/saline group, but capillary permeability and Muc5ac expression were lower in the LPS/selenium group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that normal saline and selenium-enriched hot spring water reduce inflammatory activity and mucus hypersecretion in LPS-induced rhinosinusitis in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Yeo
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D045482:Hot Springs; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012016:Reference Values; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014867:Water; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012643:Selenium