title: The putative G-protein coupled estrogen receptor agonist G-1 suppresses proliferation of ovarian and breast cancer cells in a GPER-independent manner.
abstract: G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER) plays an important role in mediating estrogen action in many different tissues under both physiological and pathological conditions. G-1 (1-[4-(6-bromobenzo[1,3]dioxol-5yl)-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta [c]quinolin-8-yl]-ethanone) has been developed as a selective GPER agonist to distinguish estrogen actions mediated by GPER from those mediated by classic estrogen receptors. In the present study, we surprisingly found that G-1 suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis of KGN cells (a human ovarian granulosa cell tumor cell line), actions that were not blocked by a selective GPER antagonist G15 or siRNA knockdown of GPER. G-1 also suppressed proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in GPER-negative HEK-293 cells and MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells. Our results demonstrate that G-1 suppresses proliferation of ovarian and breast cancer cells in a GPER-independent manner. G-1 may be a candidate for the development of drugs against ovarian and breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, NE 68198, USA ; Department of OB/GYN, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiangmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Davis
keywords: G-1; G15; GPR30/GPER; breast cancer; estrogen receptors; ovarian cancer