title: "Now I see a brighter day": expectations and perceived benefits of an Iyengar yoga intervention for young patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation of joints and associated fatigue, deteriorated range of motion, and impaired psychosocial functioning. Young adults with RA are at a particular risk for compromised health-related quality of life, and there is a need for safe, effective complementary treatment in addition to traditional medical approaches. The aim of the present study was to use face-to-face participant interviews, conducted before and after an Iyengar yoga (IY) program, to examine mechanisms through which yoga may be beneficial to young adults with RA.This pilot study utilized a single-arm design where all participants received the intervention. Classes were taught twice per week (1.5 hours each) for 6 weeks by an IY teacher qualified in therapeutics. Interview themes included participants' baseline expectations about yoga and viewpoints as to how their functioning had been impacted by the IY intervention were examined. Five young adults with RA aged 24-31 years (mean = 28; 80% female) completed the yoga intervention. Participants consistently reported that yoga helped with energy, relaxation and mood and they discussed perceived mechanisms for how yoga impacted well-being. Mechanisms included physical changes such as range of motion and physiological awareness, and psychospiritual developments such as acceptance, coping, self-efficacy and mindfulness. Though the study is limited, participants' responses provide compelling evidence that IY for RA patients is an intervention worthy of further exploration. The mechanisms and outcomes reported by participants support a biopsychosocial model, which proposes that yoga benefits patients through both physiological and psychospiritual changes.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Pain Program, Department of Pediatrics at the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: Subhadra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moieni
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramanian
authors.forename: Jennie C I
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sternlieb
authors.forename: Lonnie K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Zeltzer