title: Serum parameters in the spectrum of coeliac disease: beyond standard antibody testing--a cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Invasive techniques are still required to distinguish between uncomplicated and complicated forms of CD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We set out to investigate the potential use of novel serum parameters, including IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, IL-22, sCD25, sCD27, granzyme-B, sMICA and sCTLA-4 in patients diagnosed with active CD, CD on a GFD, Refractory coeliac disease (RCD) type I and II, and enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both active CD and RCDI-II elevated levels of the proinflammatory IL-8, IL-17 and sCD25 were observed. In addition, RCDII patients displayed higher serum levels of soluble granzyme-B and IL-6 in comparison to active CD patients. In contrast, no differences between RCDI and active CD or RCDII were observed. Furthermore, EATL patients displayed higher levels of IL-6 as compared to all other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A series of novel serum parameters reveal distinctive immunological characteristics of RCDII and EATL in comparison to uncomplicated CD and RCDI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Centre, PO Box 7057, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands. g.tack@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Greetje J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Tack
authors.forename: Roy L J
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: van Wanrooij
authors.forename: B Mary E
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Von Blomberg
authors.forename: Hedayat
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.forename: Veerle M H
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Coupe
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonnet
authors.forename: Chris J J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: Marco W J
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Schreurs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification / Q000178:diet therapy; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D058527:Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma / Q000097:blood*; D053804:Granzymes / Q000097:blood; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D016207:Cytokines; D053804:Granzymes; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007378:Interleukins; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7; D000097043:Interleukin-22; C508017:IL2RA protein, human; C099187:MHC class I-related chain A