title: Hepatic gene expression patterns following trauma-hemorrhage:  effect of posttreatment with estrogen.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the role of estrogen on hepatic gene expression profiles at an early time point following trauma-hemorrhage in rats. Groups of injured and sham controls receiving estrogen or vehicle were killed 2 h after injury and resuscitation, and liver tissue was harvested. Complementary RNA was synthesized from each RNA sample and hybridized to microarrays. A large number of genes were differentially expressed at the 2-h time point in injured animals with or without estrogen treatment. The upregulation or downregulation of a cohort of 14 of these genes was validated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. This large-scale microarray analysis shows that at the 2-h time point, there is marked alteration in hepatic gene expression following trauma-hemorrhage. However, estrogen treatment attenuated these changes in injured animals. Pathway analysis demonstrated predominant changes in the expression of genes involved in metabolism, immunity, and apoptosis. Upregulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor, protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3C, ring-finger protein 11, pyroglutamyl-peptidase I, bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, integrin, αD, BCL2-like 11, leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, ATPase, Cu transporting, α polypeptide, and Mk1 protein was found in estrogen-treated trauma-hemorrhaged animals. Thus, estrogen produces hepatoprotection following trauma-hemorrhage likely via antiapoptosis and improving/restoring metabolism and immunity pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Huang-Ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: See-Tong
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Irshad H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Chaudry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004958:Estradiol