title: Effects of music therapy and guided visual imagery on chemotherapy-induced anxiety and nausea-vomiting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To reveal the effects of music therapy and visual imagery on chemotherapy-induced anxiety and nausea-vomiting.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Behavioural techniques such as music therapy and visual imagery are becoming increasingly important in dealing with chemotherapy-induced anxiety, nausea and vomiting.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study is an experimental and cross-sectional one and performed on a single sample group with the pre-post-test design consisting of 40 individuals. The individuals in the sample group comprised both the control and the case group of the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  To obtain the study data, the following forms were used: the Personal Information Form, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, The Visual Analogue Scale and Individual Evaluation Form for Nausea and Vomiting adapted from The Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Vomiting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the study, the participants' state and trait anxiety levels decreased significantly (p < 0·05). Music therapy and visual imagery reduced the severity and duration of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting significantly (p < 0·05). In our research, 40% of the patients did not have anticipatory nausea and 55% of the patients did not have anticipatory vomiting during the third chemotherapy cycle during which music therapy and guided visual imagery were implemented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was determined that complementary approaches comprising music therapy and visual imagery had positive effects on chemotherapy-induced anxiety, nausea and vomiting, which are suffered too often and affect the patients' whole lives adversely.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is worthy of interest as it has revealed that music therapy and visual imagery which have been proven to be effective in many health problems in different areas are also important, and practical complementary approaches that are effective in getting chemotherapy-induced anxiety, nausea and vomiting under control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Division of Nursing, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Science, Sivas, Turkey. serifekaragozoglu@gmail.com
authors.forename: Serife
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karagozoglu
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tekyasar
authors.forename: Figen Alp
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009147:Music Therapy; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents