title: Qualitative development of the PROMIS(R) pediatric stress response item banks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the qualitative development of the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) Pediatric Stress Response item banks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stress response concepts were specified through a literature review and interviews with content experts, children, and parents. A library comprising 2,677 items derived from 71 instruments was developed. Items were classified into conceptual categories; new items were written and redundant items were removed. Items were then revised based on cognitive interviews (n = 39 children), readability analyses, and translatability reviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2 pediatric Stress Response sub-domains were identified: somatic experiences (43 items) and psychological experiences (64 items). Final item pools cover the full range of children's stress experiences. Items are comprehensible among children aged ≥8 years and ready for translation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Child- and parent-report versions of the item banks assess children's somatic and psychological states when demands tax their adaptive capabilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA. bevans@email.chop.edu
authors.forename: Katherine B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Bevans
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pajer
authors.forename: Anne W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Christopher B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Forrest
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D010372:Pediatrics; D011594:Psychometrics; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires