title: Component pathogen inactivation: a critical review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pathogen inactivation (PI)-treated plasma and platelets are increasingly becoming the products of choice, where licensed. This review summarizes the clinical evidence available for licensed component PI technologies and red cell PI under development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Available literature on licensed technologies was reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the plasma and platelets technologies available, evidence for the inactivation of most pathogens is good, except for certain nonenveloped viruses. Clinical trials and haemovigilance programmes suggest the observed loss of potency is of little clinical significance, with some technology-specific exceptions. Concerns over adverse toxicological effects or neoantigen formation have not been confirmed for currently licensed products.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While platelet PI has been adopted to reduce bacterial contamination, the ability of PI methods to replace testing for emerging bloodborne infections, or as a substitute for selective pathogen testing, gamma-irradiation or even leucodepletion, make adoption of PI for components increasingly attractive.
authors.affiliation: Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK. olive.drummond@lineone.net
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Prowse
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets; D058731:Blood Safety / Q000379:methods*; D017848:Blood-Borne Pathogens / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004203:Disinfection / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D010949:Plasma / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
keywords: clinical trial; fresh-frozen plasma; pathogen inactivation; platelet components; red cell components; review