title: [Recession of both horizontal rectus muscles in Duane Retraction Syndrome with significant globe retraction].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of Recession of both horizontal rectus muscles in Duane Retraction Syndrome with significant globe retraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen cases with DRS were summarized retrospectively. All patients had undergone surgery with recession of both horizontal rectus muscles. All clinical records, including sex, age, types of DRS, clinical features, surgical methods and clinical outcomes were analyzed. All patients were followed up for 3 months to 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen cases had only monocular involvement while one had both eyes. The number of type I DRS was 3 cases, 1 case was esotropia while others were orthotropic in primary position. Type III DRS was observed 13 cases. Esotropia was seen in 6 cases (7 eyes), exotropia of 1 cases and orthotropic in primary position of 6 cases. 10 cases exhibited marked face turn. An upshoot or downshoot and variable severity of retraction of globe were found in all patients on attempt adduction of the affected eye. All patients had undergone surgery with recession of both horizontal rectus muscles. The medical rectus muscles were recessed from 5 mm to 7 mm and lateral rectus muscles 3 mm to 9 mm simultaneously, which was based on the amount of primary position deviation. Among these 2 cases were combined with Y-splitting of lateral rectus muscle. After surgery, all patients were orthotropic in primary position. Their symptom of unacceptable abnormal head position, significant globe retraction, noticeable narrowing of the palpebral fissure and significant upshoot or downshoot were ameliorated or disappeared. Especially the recession of lateral rectus muscle in addition to Y-splitting combining with the simultaneous medial rectus recession resulted in further amelioration of globe retraction in addition to upshoot and downshoot.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recession of both horizontal rectus muscles is effective in the treatment of significant globe retraction in Duane syndrome. Type III DRS with significant globe retraction but has no marked deviation and face turn can adopt this method to ameliorate their aspect. The method of lateral rectus muscle in addition to Y-splitting plays an important role in the treatment of upshoot and downshoot.
authors.affiliation: Clinical College of Ophthalmology of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Ming-mei
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kan-xing
authors.initials: KX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Li-na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hui-zhi
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yi-ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Cui-qin
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ning-dong
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004370:Duane Retraction Syndrome / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome