title: Antibacterial butenolides from the Korean tunicate Pseudodistoma antinboja.
abstract: Six new (1, 2, and 5-8) and three known (3, 4, and 9) butenolide metabolites were isolated from the tunicate Pseudodistoma antinboja by activity-guided fractionations. The structures were elucidated by combined NMR and MS spectroscopic methods. These compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity, and most of them exhibited moderate to significant activity that selectively targeted Gram-positive strains and did not exhibit cytotoxicity in the MTT assay at 100 μM. Cadiolides 5-9 in particular exhibited significant antibacterial activity that was comparable to or even better than those of marketed drugs such as vancomycin and linezolid against all of the drug-resistant strains tested.
authors.affiliation: Center for Marine Natural Products and Drug Discovery, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,  Seoul National University , NS-80, Seoul, 151-747, Korea.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hiyoung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Jip
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Boon Jo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Rho
authors.forename: Heonjoong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000081:Acetamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D000069349:Linezolid; D008386:Marine Biology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D056910:Republic of Korea; D014561:Urochordata / Q000737:chemistry*; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D023303:Oxazolidinones; C578395:cadiolide C; D014640:Vancomycin; C004511:butenolide; D000069349:Linezolid; D015107:4-Butyrolactone