title: Independent multicenter study of Riata and Riata ST implantable cardioverter-defibrillator leads.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Riata and Riata ST leads (St Jude Medical, Sylmar, CA) are prone to failure. There are no independent multicenter reports regarding Riata or Riata ST lead performance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a retrospective multicenter study of Riata and Riata ST leads that were implanted and followed at 7 centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included adults who received St Jude Medical Riata or Riata ST leads. Data for Quattro Secure leads were obtained from an earlier study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 2002 to 2010, 1081 patients received a Riata (n = 774) or Riata ST (n = 307) lead. Follow-up was longer for Riata than Riata ST leads (4.2 ± 2.4 years vs 3.3 ± 1.7 years; P<.0001). During the study, 67 leads failed (6.2%), including 62 of 774 Riata (8.0%) and 5 of 307 Riata ST (1.6%) leads. Forty-seven of 67 lead failures (70.1%) were caused by electrical malfunction, and 20 lead failures (29.9%) were due to externalized conductors (ECs) that were electrically intact. Of 110 leads examined fluoroscopically, ECs were found in 26 of 81 Riata (32%) and 1 of 29 Riata ST (3.4%) leads. Of 26 Riata leads with ECs, 7 (27%) were malfunctioning. Riata leads had lower overall and malfunction free survival compared to Quattro leads (P<.0001), while Riata ST lead survival was not different (P = .422).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The survival of Riata (but not Riata ST) leads was lower than Quattro leads; however, Riata ST leads had significantly shorter follow-up than Riata leads. ECs were common in Riata leads, and more than a quarter of Riata leads that had ECs were malfunctioning. Our observations suggest that systematic fluoroscopic examination of patients with Riata leads is appropriate.
authors.affiliation: Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55407, USA. raed.abdelhadi@allina.com
authors.forename: Raed H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Abdelhadi
authors.forename: Samir F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Saba
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: Pamela K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Melanie T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Gura
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: DiMarco
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mugglin
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Raveen R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Bazaz
authors.forename: Linda Kallinen
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Retel
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hauser
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000628:therapy*; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome