title: Examining the associations of perceived community racism with self-reported physical activity levels and health among older racial minority adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Racial health disparities are more pronounced among older adults. Few studies have examined how racism influences health behaviors. This study's purpose was to examine how opportunities for physical activity (PA) and community racism are associated with older racial minorities' reported engagement in PA. We also investigated how PA levels influenced health.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed survey data obtained from a health assessment conducted in 3360 households in Texas, USA, which included items pertaining to PA, community characteristics, and health.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our sample contained 195 women and 85 men (mean age 70.16), most of whom were African American. We found no direct relationship between opportunities and PA. Results suggested that perceived community racism moderated this association. When community racism was low, respondents found ways to be active whether they perceived opportunities or not. When community racism was high, perceived lack of opportunities significantly impeded PA engagement. We found the expected association between PA and health.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggested that negative effects of community racism were counteracted through increased opportunities for PA.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Recreation, Park and Tourism Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cunningham
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009043:Motor Activity; D010465:Perception; D063505:Racism; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D057566:Self Report; D013781:Texas