title: INSL5 is a novel marker for human enteroendocrine cells of the large             intestine and neuroendocrine tumours.
abstract: We report for the first time the distribution of human INSL5 and its cognate             leucine rich G-protein coupled receptor RXFP4 in the large intestine and in neuroendocrine/carcinoid             tissues. Immunoreactive INSL5 was uniquely expressed by enteroendocrine cells             (EECs) located within the colonic mucosa, whereas colonocytes were immunopositive             for RXFP4. INSL5+ and RXFP4+ cells were also detected in human neuroendocrine/carcinoid             tissues. We employed a recently described Insl5 knockout mouse model and 2 mouse             models of induced colitis to address the relevance of Insl5 in EEC development             and in acute inflammation of the colon. We identified INSL5 as a specific marker             for synaptophysin+ EECs in the mucosa of the normal human and mouse colon. Insl5             was not essential for the development of mouse synaptophysin+ EECs. The mouse             models of chemically induced colitis (dextran sulfate sodium and dinitrobenzene-sulfonic             acid) failed to show changes in the numbers of Insl5+ EECs at inflammatory sites             during the acute phase of colitis. In conclusion, we showed that INSL5 is a novel             marker of colorectal EECs and provide first evidence for the presence of a potentially             autocrine/paracrine INSL5-RXFP4 signaling system in the normal human and mouse             colon and in rare human neuroendocrine tumours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada.
authors.forename: Thatchawan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thanasupawat
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hammje
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Adham
authors.forename: Jean-Eric
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ghia
authors.forename: Marc R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Del Bigio
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krcek
authors.forename: Cuong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoang-Vu
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Klonisch
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hombach-Klonisch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019898:Autocrine Communication; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000633:toxicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019858:Enteroendocrine Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology*; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D011379:Prognosis; D011506:Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007328:Insulin; C084797:Leydig insulin-like protein; D011506:Proteins; C480239:RXFP4 protein, human; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D016264:Dextran Sulfate