title: PPAR-γ2 and PTPRD gene polymorphisms influence type 2 diabetes patients' response to pioglitazone in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPAR-γ2) gene polymorphism rs1801282 and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D (PTPRD) gene polymorphism rs17584499 on the occurrence of type 2 diabetes and pioglitazone efficacy in a Chinese Han population.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ninety seven type 2 diabetes patients and 212 healthy controls were enrolled. Among them, 67 type 2 diabetes patients were administered pioglitazone (30 mg/d, po) for 3 months. All the subjects were genotyped for genetic variants in PPAR-γ2 and PTPRD using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Fasting plasma glucose, postprandial plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PPAR-γ2 gene rs1801282 polymorphism was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes susceptibility (OR=0.515, 95% CI 0.268-0.990) and the PTPRD gene rs17584499 polymorphism was also significantly associated with type 2 diabetes (OR=1.984, 95% CI 1.135-3.469) in a dominant model adjusted for age, gender and BMI. After pioglitazone treatment for 3 months, the type 2 diabetes patients with PPAR-γ2 rs1801282 CG genotypes significantly showed higher differential values of postprandial plasma glucose and serum triglyceride compared with those with rs1801282 CC genotype. The patients with PTPRD rs17584499 CT+TT genotypes showed significantly lower differential value of postprandial plasma glucose compared to those with rs17584499 CC genotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes risk alleles in PPAR-γ2 (rs1801282) and PTPRD (rs17584499) are associated with pioglitazone therapeutic efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Guo-ping
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ying-chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Ji-ye
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Zhao-hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Hong-hao
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhao-qian
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D054623:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D047495:PPAR gamma; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D054623:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2; D000077205:Pioglitazone