title: Seizure exacerbation in two patients with focal epilepsy following marijuana cessation.
abstract: While animal models of epilepsy suggest that exogenous cannabinoids may have anticonvulsant properties, scant evidence exists for these compounds' efficacy in humans. Here, we report on two patients whose focal epilepsy was nearly controlled through regular outpatient marijuana use. Both stopped marijuana upon admission to our epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) and developed a dramatic increase in seizure frequency documented by video-EEG telemetry. These seizures occurred in the absence of other provocative procedures, including changes to anticonvulsant medications. We review these cases and discuss mechanisms for the potentially anticonvulsant properties of cannabis, based on a review of the literature.
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0138, USA. manu.hegde@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Manu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Santos-Sanchez
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Arif A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kabir
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Garcia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002188:Cannabis; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059906:Neuroimaging; D008517:Phytotherapy; D012640:Seizures / Q000517:prevention & control; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon