title: Laparoscopic median arcuate ligament release: are we improving symptoms?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Median arcuate ligament syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by postprandial abdominal pain, weight loss, and celiac stenosis. We report our experience using a laparoscopic approach for this uncommon diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is an IRB-approved, prospectively collected retrospective analysis of patients treated with laparoscopic median arcuate ligament release at our institution. Data collected included patient demographics, preoperative symptoms, operative approach, and postoperative outcomes. Ultimately, patients were contacted to complete a postoperative survey aimed at assessing resolution of symptoms and overall satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 15 patients underwent laparoscopic median arcuate ligament release from March 2007 to January 2012. Mean age was 34 years (range 17 to 68 years) and 93% were female. Mean preoperative celiac velocity was 380 cm/s (range 210 to 600 cm/s). Fourteen patients had laparoscopic median arcuate ligament release and 1 patient had robotic-assisted laparoscopic release. Mean operative time was 179 minutes (range 79 to 473 minutes) and there was 1 conversion to laparotomy. Twelve of 15 patients had a postoperative celiac axis ultrasonography. Celiac occlusion occurred in 2 patients (present in 1 patient preoperatively). In the remaining 10 there was a statistically significant decrease in celiac velocity to 215 cm/s (range 135 to 306 cm/s; p = 0.005). Survey response rate was 86% at a mean follow-up of 15.4 months (range 2.8 to 32.6 months), and all but 1 patient reported having resolution of pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic release of the median arcuate ligament is a safe, feasible, and effective means of managing median arcuate ligament syndrome. Postoperative symptomatic relief is seen in the vast majority of patients undergoing this procedure.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: El-Hayek
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Titus
authors.forename: Au
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bui
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mastracci
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kroh
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D002445:Celiac Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008022:Ligaments / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013577:Syndrome; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss