title: Antimicrobial mechanism of lantibiotics.
abstract: Lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides that commonly target the cell wall precursor lipid II during their antimicrobial mechanism and exert their inhibitory activity by (i) inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis, and (ii) stable pore formation in the target membrane. Type-A(I) (i.e. nisin) and two-component (i.e. lacticin 3147) lantibiotics initially interact with lipid II to stabilize the complex, which then proceeds to inhibit cell wall biosynthesis and pore formation. Type-A(II) (i.e. nukacin ISK-1) and type-B (i.e. mersacidin) lantibiotics also use lipid II as a docking molecule, but can only inhibit cell wall biosynthesis without forming pores. In the present paper, we review the antimicrobial mechanism of different types of lantibiotics, their current progress and future prospect.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Mohammad R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Jun-Ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zendo
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sonomoto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000898:Antibiosis; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011485:Protein Binding; D014538:Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylmuramic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001430:Bacteriocins; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D014538:Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylmuramic Acid; C069249:muramyl-NAc-(pentapeptide)pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol