title: Whole-cell vaccine coated with recombinant calreticulin enhances activation             of dendritic cells and induces tumour-specific immune responses.
abstract: It has been reported that calreticulin (CRT) plays an important role in             mediating immunogenic tumour cell death. In the process of tumour cell apoptosis             induced by specific stimuli, CRT is quickly transferred from the endoplasmic reticulum             to the cell membrane. As a specific ligand, CRT on the surface of apoptotic tumour             cells could mediate the recognition and clearance of apoptotic tumour cells by             professional and non-professional phagocytes. In our previous studies, we used             B16-F1 mouse melanoma cells coated with mCRT-vGPCR (a recombinant fusion protein             of mouse CRT and virus G-protein-coupled receptor) as a whole-cell tumour vaccine             to immunise experimental animals and found that this whole-cell vaccine could             strongly inhibit the growth of homologous tumours. In this study, we further evaluated             immune responses induced by this mCRT-vGPCR-coated whole-cell vaccine both in             vivo and in vitro. An in vitro phagocytosis assay showed that the mCRT-vGPCR on             the cell surface greatly enhanced the engulfment of B16-F1 cells by dendritic             cells (DCs). The specific antitumour immune response was observed when the mCRT-vGPCR-coated             B16-F1 cells were used as a whole-cell tumour vaccine to immune mice, which included             significantly enhanced cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activities and increased the             number of IFN-γ-producing T cells. These results indicate that the mCRT-vGPCR-coated             whole-cell vaccine can induce specific antitumour immunity though the activation             of DCs. These results may provide an experimental basis for the development of             new tumour vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Chunyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Changbai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yanlin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037282:Calreticulin / Q000276:immunology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D010957:Plasmids; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000187:drug effects*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D037282:Calreticulin; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma