title: Venomic and transcriptomic analysis of centipede Scolopendra subspinipes dehaani.
abstract: Centipedes have venom glands in their first pair of limbs, and their venoms contain a large number of components with different biochemical and pharmacological properties. However, information about the compositions and functions of their venoms is largely unknown. In this study, Scolopendra subspinipes dehaani venoms were systematically investigated by transcriptomic and proteomic analysis coupled with biological function assays. After random screening approximately 1500 independent clones, 1122 full length cDNA sequences, which encode 543 different proteins, were cloned from a constructed cDNA library using a pair of venom glands from a single centipede species. Neurotoxins, ion channel acting components and venom allergens were the main fractions of the crude venom as revealed by transcriptomic analysis. Meanwhile, 40 proteins/peptides were purified and characterized from crude venom of S. subspinipes dehaani. The N-terminal amino acid sequencing and mass spectrum results of 29 out of these 40 proteins or peptides matched well with their corresponding cDNAs. The purified proteins/peptides showed different pharmacological properties, including the following: (1) platelet aggregating activity; (2) anticoagulant activity; (3) phospholipase A(2) activity; (4) trypsin inhibiting activity; (5) voltage-gated potassium channel activities; (6) voltage-gated sodium channel activities; (7) voltage-gated calcium channel activities. Most of them showed no significant similarity to other protein sequences deposited in the known public database. This work provides the largest number of protein or peptide candidates with medical-pharmaceutical significance and reveals the toxin nature of centipede S. subspinipes dehaani venom.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.
authors.forename: Zi-Chao
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhong-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hao-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yan-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jiu-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Wen-Hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D001180:Arthropod Venoms / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D001181:Arthropods / Q000737:chemistry*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D030562:Databases, Protein; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005088:Exocrine Glands / Q000737:chemistry; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015723:Gene Library; D006367:HeLa Cells; D053878:Hemolytic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D013045:Species Specificity; D059467:Transcriptome; D061585:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Agonists / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D001180:Arthropod Venoms; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D053878:Hemolytic Agents; D009498:Neurotoxins; D010455:Peptides; D061585:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Agonists; D054467:Phospholipases A2