title: Effectiveness of palonosetron versus other serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in triple antiemetic regimens during multiday highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The second-generation serotonin 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist palonosetron has shown improved efficacy in the prevention of both acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). However, there have been no randomized controlled trials supporting the preferential use of palonosetron in triple antiemetic regimens for patients receiving multiday highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of palonosetron-based and first-generation 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist-based triple antiemetic regimens in cancer patients receiving multiday HEC.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a review and analysis of medical record data. A total of 115 patients who had received multiday HEC were included and grouped into a palonosetron-based antiemetic group (n = 73) or a first-generation 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist-based antiemetic group (n = 42). Data on CINV were collected in 24-hour intervals for 120 hours after the start of chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete response rates did not differ significantly between the 2 groups during any of the 3 phases: acute (0-24 hours), p = 0.877; overlap (24-120 hours), p = 0.997; and overall (0-120 hours), p = 0.723. The proportion of patients with complete control was similar between the groups during each phase: acute, p = 0.862; overlap, p = 0.838; and overall, p = 0.828. There was also no significant difference in other end points between the 2 groups. Among all patients, females experienced significantly more acute nausea (p = 0.040) and vomiting (p = 0.046) than males. Compared with nondrinkers, patients who consumed alcohol had a lower overall incidence of vomiting (p = 0.020).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within a triple antiemetic regimen, a palonosetron-based antiemetic regimen was not significantly different from regimens based on first-generation 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists in preventing CINV during multiday HEC.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul,  Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Im
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Eun
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Inhye
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jeong-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sung-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Hye Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jung Mi
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000077924:Palonosetron; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D058831:Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007546:Isoquinolines; D011812:Quinuclidines; D058831:Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists; D000077924:Palonosetron