title: Pyrethroid pesticide exposure and risk of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia in Shanghai.
abstract: Significant amounts of pyrethroid pesticides are used throughout China. Previous studies have suggested that exposure to pesticides may increase the risk of childhood cancer; however, few studies have focused on pyrethroid metabolites. We investigated five nonspecific metabolites of pyrethroid pesticides found in children's urine and examined the correlation with childhood leukemia. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in Shanghai between 2010 and 2011. The study included 176 children aged 0-14 years and 180 controls matched for age and sex. Compared with those in the lowest quartiles of total and individual metabolites, the highest quartiles were associated with an approximate 2-fold increased risk of ALL [total metabolites: odds ratio (OR) = 2.75, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.43-5.29; cis-DCCA: OR = 2.21, 95% CI, 1.16-4.19; trans-DCCA: OR = 2.33, 95% CI, 1.23-4.41; and 3-PBA: OR = 1.84, 95% CI, 1.00-3.38], and most of the positive trends were significant (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that urinary levels of pyrethroid metabolites may be associated with an elevated risk of childhood ALL and represent a previously unreported quantitative exposure assessment for childhood leukemia.
authors.affiliation: MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environment Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Guodong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamijima
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Guoquan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003710:Demography; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010575:Pesticides / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000652:urine; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000652:urine; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000652:urine; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D003404:Creatinine