title: Immune responses and gene expression in hepatopancreas from Macrobrachium rosenbergii challenged by a novel pathogen spiroplasma MR-1008.
abstract: Freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii inoculated with 100 μl novel pathogen spiroplasma strain MR-1008 in logarithmic phase (10(8) spiroplasmas ml(-1)) were examined for alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, acid phosphatase (ACP) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, as well as expressions of 7 immune related genes in hepatopancreas after 1-28 d. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed obvious pathological features in hepatopancreas connective and epithelial tissue. Enzyme activity analyze showed that hepatopancreas AKP and ACP activity increased markedly (P < 0.05) when inoculated with spiroplasma MR-1008 after 5 d and 10 d, respectively. SOD enzyme activity changed less obviously and slightly increased at 1 day post-inoculation, but CAT activity decreased significantly after 5 d inoculation. The expression levels of lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein (LGBP), peroxinectin (PE), α2-macroglobulin (α2M), AKP, ACP, CAT, and copper/zinc SOD (Cu, Zn-SOD) genes in the hepatopancreas were examined by Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) and the results demonstrated that these immune related genes were induced by challenge with spiroplasma MR-1008. The results suggested that the prawn immune responses could be activated or inhibited by spiroplasma MR-1008, and that the hepatopancreas also plays key roles in innate immunity for defense against the pathogen.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Huanxi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yunji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Qingguo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS) / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006416:Hematoxylin / Q000378:metabolism; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013149:Spiroplasma / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D006416:Hematoxylin