title: Validation of an FFQ to assess short-term antioxidant intake against 30 d food records and plasma biomarkers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate a brief FFQ developed for capturing short-term antioxidant intake in a sample of US college students.
  
  
  METHODS
  A seventy-four-item antioxidant FFQ was developed based on major antioxidant sources in the American diet. The FFQ was validated against 30 d food records (FR) and plasma antioxidant concentrations. The reliability of the FFQ was evaluated by two FFQ administered at a 1-month interval. Settings University of Connecticut, CT, USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty healthy college students.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Estimates of dietary antioxidants from the FFQ were moderately to highly correlated with those estimated from the 30 d FR (r = 0·29-0·80; P < 0·05) except for γ-tocopherol and β-cryptoxanthin. Total antioxidant capacity from diet only or from diet and supplements estimated by the 30 d FR and FFQ were highly correlated (r = 0·67 and 0·71, respectively; P < 0·0001). The FFQ categorized 91 % of participants into the same or adjacent tertiles of antioxidant intake as the 30 d FR. Most dietary carotenoids estimated from the FFQ were correlated with plasma levels (P < 0·05). Correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability ranged from 0·39 to 0·86. More than 94 % of the participants were classified in the same or adjacent tertiles between the two administrations of the FFQ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The brief FFQ demonstrated reasonable validity for capturing a comprehensive antioxidant intake profile. This FFQ is applicable in epidemiological or clinical studies to capture short-term antioxidant intake or to simply document the variations of antioxidant intake in intervention trials. Cross-validation studies are warranted in other target populations.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Road, Extension Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269-4017, USA.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Road, Extension Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269-4017, USA.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Road, Extension Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269-4017, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Road, Extension Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269-4017, USA.
authors.forename: Sang Gil
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Road, Extension Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269-4017, USA.
authors.forename: Maria Luz
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Road, Extension Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269-4017, USA.
authors.forename: Sung I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.affiliation: 2 Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Eunyoung
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: 3 Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Won O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Road, Extension Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269-4017, USA.
authors.forename: Ock K
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Chun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D003237:Connecticut; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D015930:Diet Records; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene; D002338:Carotenoids; C041635:alpha-carotene; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D000077276:Lycopene