title: Transcriptome analysis of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury and its modulation by ischemic pre-conditioning or hemin treatment.
abstract: Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a leading cause of acute renal failure. The definition of the molecular mechanisms involved in renal IRI and counter protection promoted by ischemic pre-conditioning (IPC) or Hemin treatment is an important milestone that needs to be accomplished in this research area. We examined, through an oligonucleotide microarray protocol, the renal differential transcriptome profiles of mice submitted to IRI, IPC and Hemin treatment. After identifying the profiles of differentially expressed genes observed for each comparison, we carried out functional enrichment analysis to reveal transcripts putatively involved in potential relevant biological processes and signaling pathways. The most relevant processes found in these comparisons were stress, apoptosis, cell differentiation, angiogenesis, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, ion transport, angiogenesis, mitosis and cell cycle, inflammatory response, olfactory transduction and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. In addition, the most important overrepresented pathways were MAPK, ErbB, JAK/STAT, Toll and Nod like receptors, Angiotensin II, Arachidonic acid metabolism, Wnt and coagulation cascade. Also, new insights were gained about the underlying protection mechanisms against renal IRI promoted by IPC and Hemin treatment. Venn diagram analysis allowed us to uncover common and exclusively differentially expressed genes between these two protective maneuvers, underscoring potential common and exclusive biological functions regulated in each case. In summary, IPC exclusively regulated the expression of genes belonging to stress, protein modification and apoptosis, highlighting the role of IPC in controlling exacerbated stress response. Treatment with the Hmox1 inducer Hemin, in turn, exclusively regulated the expression of genes associated with cell differentiation, metabolic pathways, cell cycle, mitosis, development, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and arachidonic acid metabolism, suggesting a pleiotropic effect for Hemin. These findings improve the biological understanding of how the kidney behaves after IRI. They also illustrate some possible underlying molecular mechanisms involved in kidney protection observed with IPC or Hemin treatment maneuvers.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Correa-Costa
authors.forename: Hátylas
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.forename: Mariane Tami
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Amano
authors.forename: Giselle Martins
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Meire Ioshie
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hyane
authors.forename: Marcos Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cenedeze
authors.forename: Paulo Guilherme
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Renesto
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pacheco-Silva
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Moreira-Filho
authors.forename: Niels Olsen Saraiva
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Câmara
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006427:Hemin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D006427:Hemin