title: Natural variation in a homolog of Antirrhinum CENTRORADIALIS contributed to spring growth habit and environmental adaptation in cultivated barley.
abstract: As early farming spread from the Fertile Crescent in the Near East around 10,000 years before the present, domesticated crops encountered considerable ecological and environmental change. Spring-sown crops that flowered without the need for an extended period of cold to promote flowering and day length-insensitive crops able to exploit the longer, cooler days of higher latitudes emerged and became established. To investigate the genetic consequences of adaptation to these new environments, we identified signatures of divergent selection in the highly differentiated modern-day spring and winter barleys. In one genetically divergent region, we identify a natural variant of the barley homolog of Antirrhinum CENTRORADIALIS (HvCEN) as a contributor to successful environmental adaptation. The distribution of HvCEN alleles in a large collection of wild and landrace accessions indicates that this involved selection and enrichment of preexisting genetic variants rather than the acquisition of mutations after domestication.
authors.affiliation: Cell and Molecular Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, UK.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Comadran
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kilian
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ramsay
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ganal
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Micha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bayer
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Pete
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hedley
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tondelli
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pecchioni
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Francia
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Korzun
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walther
authors.forename: Robbie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waugh
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics; D032161:Antirrhinum / Q000235:genetics*; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes; D001467:Hordeum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012621:Seasons; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins