title: Synergistic effect of heat and solar UV on DNA damage and water disinfection of E. coli and bacteriophage MS2.
abstract: The response of a representative virus and indicator bacteria to heating, solar irradiation, or their combination, was investigated in a controlled solar simulator and under real sun conditions. Heating showed higher inactivation of Escherichia coli compared to the bacteriophage MS2. Heating combined with natural or simulated solar irradiation demonstrated a synergistic effect on the inactivation of E. coli, with up to 3-log difference for 50 °C and natural sun insolation of 2,000 kJ m(-2) (compared to the sum of the separate treatments). Similar synergistic effect was also evident when solar-UV induced DNA damage to E. coli was assessed using the endonuclease sensitive site assay (ESS). MS2 was found to be highly resistant to irradiation and heat, with a slightly synergistic effect observed only at 59 °C and natural sun insolation of 5,580 kJ m(-2). Heat treatment also hindered light-dependent recovery of E. coli making the treatment much more effective.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
authors.forename: Dana Jennifer
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Theitler
authors.forename: Abid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nasser
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gerchman
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kribus
authors.forename: Hadas
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mamane
mesh_terms: D004249:DNA Damage; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D017909:Levivirus / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000528:radiation effects; D013472:Sunlight; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D038301:Virus Inactivation / Q000528:radiation effects; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial