title: Comparing the effects of three different intravitreal injection techniques on vitreous reflux and intraocular pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of straight, oblique, and double-plane tunnel scleral intravitreal injection techniques, on short-term intraocular pressure (IOP) changes, occurrence of vitreous reflux (VR), and/or other complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 105 patients were included in this prospective study. Patients were assigned randomly to one of the straight injection group (SI; n=35), oblique injection group (OI; n=35), or double-plane tunnel injection group (DPTI; n=35). The occurrence of VR and preinjection and postinjection IOP at 2 and 6 h were compared between groups, and complications were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 71.1±6.6 years (range 58 to 86 years; 50 women and 55 men). In the SI, OI, and DPTI groups, VR occurred in 18 (51.4%), 12 (34.3%), and 6 patients (17.1%), respectively. Mean preinjection IOPs were 15.4, 14.8, and 15.6 mmHg, and changed to 17.3, 18.0, and 20.0 mmHg at the second hour, and 15.7, 16.2, and 16.1 mmHg at the sixth hour, respectively. No significant differences among the groups were found in terms of complications such as transient mild uveitis or subconjunctival hemorrhage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Double-plane tunnel injection prevents VR from the injection site and has no additional complications than other techniques.
authors.affiliation: Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. abdozkaya@gmail.com
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Özkaya
authors.forename: Zeynep
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Alkin
authors.forename: Uğur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yüksel
authors.forename: Engin Bilge
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Ozgurhan
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ağca
authors.forename: Ahmet Taylan
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demirok
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000388:Air; D005130:Eye Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D058449:Intravitreal Injections / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014605:Uveitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*