title: A facile synthesis of new monoazo disperse dyes derived from 4-hydroxyphenylazopyrazole-5-amines: evaluation of microwave assisted dyeing behavior.
abstract: A series of new monoazo disperse dyes containing pyrazolopyrimidine moieties was synthesized by coupling malononitrile or 3-aminocrotononitrile with 4-hydroxy- benzenediazonium chloride. Treatment of the resulting products with hydrazine hydrate yields the corresponding 4-arylazoaminopyrazoles, which then react with either 2,4-pentanedione and enaminonitriles or aryl-substituted enaminoketones to give the target pyrazolopyrimidine monoazo disperse dyes. Structural assignments of the dyes were made using both NMR spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic methods. A high temperature dyeing method, by microwave irradiation, was employed with polyester fabrics. Most of the dyed fabrics tested displayed moderate light fastness and excellent washing and perspiration fastness levels.
authors.affiliation: Natural Science Department, College of Health Science, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, P.O. Box 14281, Fayha 72853, Kuwait. alya.aletaibi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Alya M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Al-Etaibi
authors.forename: Morsy A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: El-Apasery
authors.forename: Maher R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Nouria A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Al-Awadi
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D006834:Hydrazines / Q000737:chemistry; D008872:Microwaves; D009570:Nitriles / Q000737:chemistry; D010422:Pentanones / Q000737:chemistry; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D004396:Coloring Agents; D006834:Hydrazines; D009570:Nitriles; D010422:Pentanones; D011091:Polyesters; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011743:Pyrimidines; C029424:hydrazine; C008790:acetylacetone; C000945:dicyanmethane; C030986:pyrimidine