title: [Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier during ischaemia: a therapeutic             concern].
abstract: Since it was discovered and its brain-protective role characterized, the blood-brain           barrier (BBB), through the permeability-restricting action of the brain capillary           endothelial cells, has been representing a hurdle for 95% of new medical compounds           targeting the central nervous system. Recently, a BBB dysfunction is being found in an           increasing number of pathologies such as brain ischaemic stroke, whose only therapy           consists in a pharmacological thrombolysis limited to a small percentage of the admitted           patients, because of the toxical effects of thrombolytics. And since the clinical failure           of promising neuroprotectants, numerous studies of brain ischaemia were carried out, with           physiopathological or pharmacological approaches refocused on the BBB, whose structural           complexity is now expanded to perivascular cells, all forming a functional unit named the           neurovascular unit (NVU). Nevertheless, in spite of the numerous molecular mechanisms           identified, the process of BBB dysfunction in the ischaemia/reperfusion cascade remains           insufficiently established to explain the pleiotropic action exerted by new           pharmacological compounds, possibly protecting the entire NVU and representing potential           treatments.
authors.affiliation: UniversitéLille Nord de France, Lille, France. vincent.berezowski@univ-artois.fr
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bérézowski
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mysiorek
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuntz
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pétrault
authors.forename: Roméo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cecchelli
mesh_terms: D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents