title: Intervertebral disc degeneration in the dog. Part 2: chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic breeds.
abstract: Dogs can be grouped into two distinct types of breed based on the predisposition to chondrodystrophy, namely, non-chondrodystrophic (NCD) and chondrodystrophic (CD). In addition to a different process of endochondral ossification, NCD and CD breeds have different characteristics of intravertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and IVD degenerative diseases. The anatomy, physiology, histopathology, and biochemical and biomechanical characteristics of the healthy and degenerated IVD are discussed in the first part of this two-part review. This second part describes the similarities and differences in the histopathological and biochemical characteristics of IVD degeneration in CD and NCD canine breeds and discusses relevant aetiological factors of IVD degeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands. L.A.Smolders@uu.nl
authors.forename: Lucas A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Smolders
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bergknut
authors.forename: Guy C M
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Grinwis
authors.forename: Ragnvi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hagman
authors.forename: Anne-Sofie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lagerstedt
authors.forename: Herman A W
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Hazewinkel
authors.forename: Marianna A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tryfonidou
authors.forename: Björn P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Meij
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055959:Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*