title: Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
abstract: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) with conventional therapy improves the outcome of patients with acute respiratory failure due to hypercapnic decompensation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE). This review summarizes the main effects of NIV in these pathologies. In COPD, NIV improves gas exchange and symptoms, reducing the need for endotracheal intubation, hospital mortality and hospital stay compared with conventional oxygen therapy. NIV may also avoid reintubation and may decrease the length of invasive mechanical ventilation. In ACPE, NIV accelerates the remission of symptoms and the normalization of blood gas parameters, reduces the need for endotracheal intubation, and is associated with a trend towards lesser mortality, without increasing the incidence of myocardial infarction. The ventilation modality used in ACPE does not affect the patient prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, España. Electronic address: grialp@gmail.com.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rialp Cervera
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: del Castillo Blanco
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, España.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pérez Aizcorreta
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, España.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parra Morais
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D003663:Decision Trees; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D063087:Noninvasive Ventilation; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000628:therapy*; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*