title: PER3 and ADORA2A polymorphisms impact neurobehavioral performance during sleep restriction.
abstract: The objective of the study was to determine whether ADORA2A or PER3 polymorphisms contribute to individual responsivity to sleep restriction. Nineteen healthy adults (ages 18-39, 11 males, 8 females) underwent sleep restriction (SR) which consisted of seven nights of 3 h time in bed (TIB) (04:00-07:00). SR was preceded by seven in-laboratory nights of 10 h TIB (21:00-07:00) and followed by three nights of 8 h TIB (23:00-07:00). Volunteers underwent psychomotor vigilance, objective alertness, and subjective sleepiness assessments throughout. Volunteers were genotyped for the PER3 VNTR polymorphism (PER3(4/4) n = 7; PER3(4/5) n = 10; PER3(5/5) n = 2) and the ADORA2A c.1083T>C polymorphism, (ADORA2A(C) (/T) n = 9; ADORA2A(T) (/T) n = 9; ADORA2A(C) (/C) n = 1) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Separate mixed-model anovas were used to assess contributions of ADORA2A and PER3 polymorphisms. Results showed that PER3(4/4) and ADORA2A(C/T) individuals expressed greater behavioral resiliency to SR compared to PER(4/5) and ADORA2A(T/T) individuals. Our findings contrast with previously reported non-significant effects for the PER3 polymorphism under a less challenging sleep restriction regimen (4 h TIB per night for five nights). We conclude that PER3 and ADORA2A polymorphisms become more behaviorally salient with increasing severity and/or duration of sleep restriction (based on psychomotor vigilance). Given the small sample size these results are preliminary and require replication.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Biology Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
authors.forename: Tracy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Rupp
authors.forename: Nancy J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Wesensten
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Balkin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A / Q000235:genetics*; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C512644:PER3 protein, human; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A