title: The performances of standard and ResMed masks during bag-valve-mask ventilation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A tight mask seal is frequently difficult to obtain and maintain during single-rescuer bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilation. The ResMed mask (Bella Vista, NSW, Australia) is a continuous-positive-airway-pressure mask (CM) designed for noninvasive ventilation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we compared the ventilation performances of a standard mask (SM) and a ResMed CM using a simulation manikin in an out-of-hospital single-rescuer BVM ventilation scenario.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty emergency medical technicians (EMTs) performed two 2-minute attempts to ventilate a simulation manikin using BVM ventilation, alternatively, with the SM or the ResMed CM in a randomized order. Ventilation parameters including tidal volume and peak airway pressure were measured using computer analysis software connected to the simulation manikin. Successful volume delivery was defined as delivery of 440-540 mL of tidal volume in accord with present cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BVM ventilation using the ResMed CM produced higher mean (± standard deviation) tidal volumes (452 ± 50 mL vs. 394 ± 113 mL, p = 0.014) and had a higher proportion of successful volume deliveries (65.3% vs. 26.7%, p < 0.001) than that using the SM. Peak airway pressure was higher in BVM ventilation using the ResMed CM (p = 0.035). Stomach insufflation did not occur during either method. Twenty-nine of the participants (96.7%) preferred BVM ventilation using the ResMed CM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BVM ventilations using ResMed CM resulted in a significantly higher proportion of successful volume deliveries meeting the currently recommended range of tidal volume. Clinical studies are needed to determine the value of the ResMed CM for BVM ventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoung Youn
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyung Woon
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Jeung
authors.forename: Byung Kook
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong Hun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Geo Sung
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Tag
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D004634:Emergency Medical Technicians; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D011446:Prospective Studies; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013990:Tidal Volume