title: Non-invasive X-ray micro-computed tomographic evaluation of indomethacin on urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. We previously reported that respiration-gated X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a useful tool for analyzing lung tumor development in animal models.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lung tumors were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection (250 mg/kg) of urethane in male A/J mice, followed by indomethacin treatment at 5 ppm in the diet. The mice were scanned by micro-CT every 4 weeks from 10 to 26 weeks after urethane administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total incidence and multiplicity of lung tumors were not significantly reduced by indomethacin treatment, as compared with untreated mice. However, the incidence of adenocarcinoma tended to be reduced by indomethacin treatment. Moreover, the size of lung tumors, especially adenomas, was suppressed by indomethacin treatment. Micro-CT analysis revealed that indomethacin effectively suppressed tumor development after urethane treatment for 10 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that indomethacin suppresses lung carcinogenesis in mice and micro-CT is a useful non-invasive imaging approach for evaluating the characteristics and suppression of lung tumors in mice treated with cancer chemopreventive agents.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imaida
authors.forename: Mitsuyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yanaka
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuta
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komiya
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mutoh
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D000236:Adenoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014520:Urethane / Q000633:toxicity; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D014520:Urethane; D007213:Indomethacin