title: Orthognathic surgery for obstructive sleep apnea:  applying the principles to new horizons in craniofacial surgery.
abstract: This article is dedicated to the senior author Dr. Henry K. Kawamoto, Jr, who pioneered the use of orthognathic surgery to treat severe obstructive sleep apnea in 1981. Since that time, his techniques for maxillomandibular advancement have been revised and expanded for improved surgical success. Obstructive sleep apnea is a growing public health concern because it can cause hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, heart attack, stroke, and, in rare circumstances, sudden death if untreated. When less invasive options fail such as weight loss or dental devices for mandibular repositioning, maxillomandibular advancement is a valuable treatment option for severe obstructive sleep apnea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. bandrews@kumc.edu
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Gregory E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Lakin
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Henry K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
mesh_terms: D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002680:Chin / Q000002:abnormalities; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D063172:Genioplasty / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019186:Mandibular Advancement / Q000379:methods; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D008844:Micrognathism / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D017090:Occlusal Splints; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort / Q000379:methods; D059229:Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus / Q000379:methods; D010614:Pharynx / Q000473:pathology; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000601:surgery; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000601:surgery*