title: A synthetic oligopeptide derived from enamel matrix derivative promotes the differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells into osteoblast-like cells with increased mineralization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a previous study, the authors obtained a synthetic peptide (SP) for useful periodontal tissue regeneration. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have multiple potentiality to contribute to tissue regeneration. The aim of this experiment is to investigate the effect of SP on human PDLSCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Periodontal ligament cells were obtained from healthy adult human third molars and used to isolate single PDLSC-derived colonies. The mesenchymal stem cell nature of the PDLSCs was confirmed by immunohistochemical evaluation of STRO-1 expression. Proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation were investigated by culturing PDLSCs in normal or osteogenic medium with and without SP (100 ng/mL). Osteoblast differentiation was assessed by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin production, mRNA expression of osteonectin, mineralization, and calcium deposition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Isolated PDLSCs were immunohistochemically positive for vimentin and STRO-1 and negative for cytokeratin. A greater number of calcified nodules were observed in osteogenic medium culture with SP than without. In the early and later stages of PDLSC culture with SP, osteonectin production and osteocalcin production were increased. SP in culture with osteogenic medium significantly enhanced proliferation of PDLSCs, as well as ALP activity, expression of osteonectin, osteocalcin production, formation of calcified nodules, and mineralization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SP enhances the formation of calcified nodules and osteocalcin production in the culture of PDLSCs into osteoblast-like cells and is a useful material for periodontal tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirohito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Nobuhito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umeda
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D053523:Amelogenin / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D003470:Culture Media; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D015676:Osteonectin / Q000032:analysis; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D014746:Vimentin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D053523:Amelogenin; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D003470:Culture Media; D009842:Oligopeptides; D015676:Osteonectin; C525591:STRO-1 antigen, human; D014746:Vimentin; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium