title: Two distinct types of Langerhans cells populate the skin during steady state and inflammation.
abstract: Langerhans cells (LCs), the dendritic cells (DCs) in skin epidermis, possess an exceptional life cycle and developmental origin. Here we identified two types of LCs, short-term and long-term LCs, which transiently or stably reconstitute the LC compartment, respectively. Short-term LCs developed from Gr-1(hi) monocytes under inflammatory conditions and occurred independently of the transcription factor Id2. Long-term LCs arose from bone marrow in steady state and were critically dependent on Id2. Surface marker and gene expression analysis positioned short-term LCs close to Gr-1(hi) monocytes, which is indicative of their monocytic origin. We also show that LC reconstitution after UV light exposure occurs in two waves: an initial fast and transient wave of Gr-1(hi) monocyte-derived short-term LCs is followed by a second wave of steady-state precursor-derived long-term LCs. Our data demonstrate the presence of two types of LCs that develop through different pathways in inflammation and steady state.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seré
authors.forename: Jea-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ober-Blöbaum
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Müller-Newen
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tacke
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zenke
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hieronymus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015870:Gene Expression; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D051797:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; C497452:Idb2 protein, mouse; D051797:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 2; D014157:Transcription Factors