title: N-acetylcysteine enhances neuronal differentiation of P19 embryonic stem cells via Akt and N-cadherin activation.
abstract: We examined whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) enhanced embryonic body (EB) formation and neuronal differentiation in terms of EB formation, neuronal marker (microtubule-associated protein 2; MAP-2) expression, and neuron maturation using P19 embryonic stem cells. The size and numbers of EBs were greatly increased, together with the up-regulated N-cadherin expression. Also, MAP-2 expression and neurite outgrowth were much increased with activation of serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt) and blocked by addition of an Akt inhibitor (LY294002). Our results suggested that NAC increased EB formation by up-regulating the N-cadherin expression. Furthermore, NAC-enhanced neuronal differentiation was mediated by activation of Akt.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chob
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: O H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002452:Cell Count; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D058732:Embryoid Bodies / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D002867:Chromones; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009025:Morpholines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D000111:Acetylcysteine