title: Comparison of non-invasive methods for measurement of local pulse wave velocity using FSI-simulations and in vivo data.
abstract: In the search for better predictors of cardiovascular events, pulse wave velocity (PWV) has gained considerable interest. We compared three single-location methods to locally estimate PWV based on simultaneous measurements of pressure (P), velocity (U) or arterial diameter (D): the PU, ln(D)U and QA-method. First, the performance of these methods was analyzed using 3D fluid-structure interaction simulations (FSI) in a tube and patient-specific carotid artery. We demonstrated that the outcome was dependent on whether the methods were tested in the ideal conditions of a 3D axisymmetrical and reflection-free tube or in the more realistic setup of a carotid artery. The three single-location PWV methods performed similarly in the tube (4.29 m/s for PU, 4.44 m/s for ln(D)U and 4.38 m/s for QA) while the carotid data showed that the PU-method dramatically overestimates PWV (9.16 m/s), and the ln(D)U and QA-method underestimate (3.86 and 3.84 m/s, respectively). The erroneously high wavespeeds from the PU-method were attributed to wave reflections, which was confirmed by measurements in 37 healthy adults. This in vivo study showed similar discrepancies between the 3 single-location techniques as present in the carotid simulations, with the difference between the PU- and ln(D)U-method related to the magnitude of wave reflection.
authors.affiliation: Institute Biomedical Technology, bioMMeda, Ghent University, De Pintelaan185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. abigail.swillens@ugent.be
authors.forename: Abigail
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Swillens
authors.forename: Liesbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Taelman
authors.forename: Joris
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Degroote
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vierendeels
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Segers
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001011:Aorta / Q000502:physiology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis