title: An electronic diary study of the effects of patient avoidance and partner social constraints on patient momentary affect in metastatic breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metastatic breast cancer patients experience significance distress. Although talking with close others about cancer-related concerns may help to alleviate distress, patients often avoid such discussions, and their partners can engage in social constraints that may limit subsequent patient disclosures and exacerbate distress.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined how partner constraints unfold, how they influence patient affect, and whether they exacerbate patient avoidance of cancer-related disclosures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four patients and 48 of their partners completed electronic diary assessments for 14 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Partners' social constraints carried over from one day to the next, but patients' avoidance of discussing cancer-related concerns did not. When partners engaged in more social constraints one day, patients reported greater negative affect the following day (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest a temporal link between partner constraints and patient momentary affect. Helping partners to become aware of their constraining behaviors and teaching them skills to overcome this may facilitate patient adjustment to metastatic breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA. hoda.badr@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Hoda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Badr
authors.forename: Elizabeth C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Pasipanodya
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Laurenceau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology*