title: 3D ultrasound and Doppler angiography for evaluation of fetal cardiovascular anomalies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To highlight the value of 3D ultrasound in the prenatal assessment of fetal cardiovascular anomalies through offline diagnosis and/or second opinion (e.g. via internet link).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective offline analysis of volume datasets of fetuses diagnosed with cardiovascular anomalies by 2D ultrasound was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-three fetuses with 38 cardiac malformations were evaluated. Mean gestational age at diagnosis was 26 weeks (range, 20-34 weeks). Isolated cardiovascular malformations were detected in 23 fetuses. Extracardiac abnormalities were identified in 8 fetuses, of which 2 had trisomy 21 and 1 had trisomy 18. One fetus exhibited 22q11 microdeletion. Ten pregnancy terminations were performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Offline analysis of cardiovascular anomalies conferred significant diagnostic advantages over 2D ultrasound. 3D ultrasound is invaluable for the prenatal diagnosis and management of congenital heart diseases. It may be used to facilitate scientific cooperation between high- and low-income countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Franck Joly Hospital, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, French Guiana. welguindi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Wael
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: El Guindi
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dreyfus
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carles
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herlicoviez
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benoist
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D018376:Cardiovascular Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal