title: Hydrogels derived from central nervous system extracellular matrix.
abstract: Biologic scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) are commonly used repair devices in preclinical and clinical settings; however the use of these scaffolds for peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) repair has been limited. Biologic scaffolds developed from brain and spinal cord tissue have recently been described, yet the conformation of the harvested ECM limits therapeutic utility. An injectable CNS-ECM derived hydrogel capable of in vivo polymerization and conformation to irregular lesion geometries may aid in tissue reconstruction efforts following complex neurologic trauma. The objectives of the present study were to develop hydrogel forms of brain and spinal cord ECM and compare the resulting biochemical composition, mechanical properties, and neurotrophic potential of a brain derived cell line to a non-CNS-ECM hydrogel, urinary bladder matrix. Results showed distinct differences between compositions of brain ECM, spinal cord ECM, and urinary bladder matrix. The rheologic modulus of spinal cord ECM hydrogel was greater than that of brain ECM and urinary bladder matrix. All ECMs increased the number of cells expressing neurites, but only brain ECM increased neurite length, suggesting a possible tissue-specific effect. All hydrogels promoted three-dimensional uni- or bi-polar neurite outgrowth following 7 days in culture. These results suggest that CNS-ECM hydrogels may provide supportive scaffolding to promote in vivo axonal repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Medberry
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Crapo
authors.forename: Bernard F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Siu
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Carruthers
authors.forename: Matthew T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Shailesh P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Nagarkar
authors.forename: Vineet
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Kristen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Sachin S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Velankar
authors.forename: Simon C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Modo
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Badylak
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D001688:Biological Products; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001688:Biological Products; D020100:Hydrogels