title: The psychosis high-risk state: a comprehensive state-of-the-art review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During the past 2 decades, a major transition in the clinical characterization of psychotic disorders has occurred. The construct of a clinical high-risk (HR) state for psychosis has evolved to capture the prepsychotic phase, describing people presenting with potentially prodromal symptoms. The importance of this HR state has been increasingly recognized to such an extent that a new syndrome is being considered as a diagnostic category in the DSM-5.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To reframe the HR state in a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on the progress that has been made while also recognizing the challenges that remain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Available HR research of the past 20 years from PubMed, books, meetings, abstracts, and international conferences.
  
  
  METHODS
  Critical review of HR studies addressing historical development, inclusion criteria, epidemiologic research, transition criteria, outcomes, clinical and functional characteristics, neurocognition, neuroimaging, predictors of psychosis development, treatment trials, socioeconomic aspects, nosography, and future challenges in the field.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relevant articles retrieved in the literature search were discussed by a large group of leading worldwide experts in the field. The core results are presented after consensus and are summarized in illustrative tables and figures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relatively new field of HR research in psychosis is exciting. It has the potential to shed light on the development of major psychotic disorders and to alter their course. It also provides a rationale for service provision to those in need of help who could not previously access it and the possibility of changing trajectories for those with vulnerability to psychotic illnesses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK. p.fusar@libero.it
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fusar-Poli
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Borgwardt
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bechdolf
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Addington
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riecher-Rössler
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schultze-Lutter
authors.forename: Matcheri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keshavan
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruhrmann
authors.forename: Larry J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Seidman
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valmaggia
authors.forename: Tyrone
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Velthorst
authors.forename: Lieuwe
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Haan
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cornblatt
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bonoldi
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Birchwood
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McGlashan
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McGorry
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klosterkötter
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yung
mesh_terms: D032921:Consensus; D006801:Humans; D011618:Psychotic Disorders; D012306:Risk