title: Association of genome variations in the renin-angiotensin system with physical performance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine the genotype distribution and allelic frequencies of ACE (I/D), AGTR1 (A +1166 C), BDKRB2 (+9/-9) and LEP (G-2548A) genomic variations in 175 Greek athletes who excelled at a national and/or international level and 169 healthy Greek adults to identify whether some particular combinations of these loci might serve as predictive markers for superior physical condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The D/D genotype of the ACE gene (p = 0.034) combined with the simultaneous existence of BDKRB2 (+9/-9) (p = 0.001) or LEP (G/A) (p = 0.021) genotypes was the most prevalent among female athletes compared to female controls. A statistical trend was also observed in BDKRB2 (+9/-9) and LEP (G-2548A) heterozygous genotypes among male and female Greek athletes, and in ACE (I/D) only in male athletes. Finally, both male and female athletes showed the highest rates in the AGTR1 (A/A) genotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the co-existence of ACE (D/D), BDKRB2 (+9/-9) or LEP (G/A) genotypes in female athletes might be correlated with a superior level of physical performance.
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece.
authors.forename: Argyro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sgourou
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fotopoulos
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kontos
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Patrinos
authors.forename: Adamantia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papachatzopoulou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D054874:Athletic Performance; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D015894:Genome, Human; D005838:Genotype; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics; D043782:Receptor, Bradykinin B2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C544065:AGTR1 protein, human; D020738:Leptin; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D043782:Receptor, Bradykinin B2; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A