title: Physicochemical state of the nanotopographic surface of commercially pure titanium following anodization-hydrothermal treatment reveals significantly improved hydrophilicity and surface energy profiles.
abstract: A method of coating commercially pure titanium (cpTi) implants with a highly crystalline, thin hydroxyapatite (HA) layer using discharge anodic oxidation followed by hydrothermal treatment (Spark discharged Anodic oxidation treatment ; SA-treated cpTi) has been reported for use in clinical dentistry. We hypothesized that a thin HA layer with high crystallinity and nanostructured anodic titanium oxide film on such SA-treated cpTi implant surfaces might be a crucial function of their surface-specific potential energy. To test this, we analyzed anodic oxide (AO) cpTi and SA-treated cpTi disks by SEM and AFM. Contact angles and surface free energy of each disk surface was measured using FAMAS software. High-magnification SEM and AFM revealed the nanotopographic structure of the anodic titanium oxide film on SA-treated cpTi; however, this was not observed on the AO cpTi surface. The contact angle and surface free energy measurements were also significantly different between AO cpTi and SA-treated cpTi surfaces (Tukey's, P<0.05). These data indicated that the change of physicochemical properties of an anodic titanium oxide film with HA crystals on an SA-treated cpTi surface may play a key role in the phenomenon of osteoconduction during the process of osseointegration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, 1-3-27 Chuodori, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan. takebej@iwate-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takebe
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Kyohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C009495:titanium dioxide; D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium