title: Defective DNA repair systems and the development of breast and prostate cancer (review).
abstract: Genetic defects in DNA repair and DNA damage response genes often lead to             an increase in cancer incidence. The role of defects is also associated with the             modulation of hormone signaling pathways. A number of studies have suggested a             role for estrogen in the regulation of DNA repair activity. Furthermore, mutations             or epigenetic silencing in DNA repair genes have been associated with the sensitivity             of cancers to hormonal therapy. The molecular basis for the progression of cancers             from hormone-dependent to hormone-independent remains a critical issue in the             management of these types of cancer. In the present review, we aimed to summarize             the function of DNA repair molecules from the viewpoint of carcinogenesis and             hormone-related cell modulation, providing a comprehensive view of the molecular             mechanisms by which hormones may exert their effects on the regulation of tumor             progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Science, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitagishi
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology