title: Differences in magnetic particle uptake by CNS neuroglial subclasses: implications for neural tissue engineering.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze magnetic particle uptake and intracellular processing by the four main non-neuronal subclasses of the CNS: oligodendrocyte precursor cells; oligodendrocytes; astrocytes; and microglia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Magnetic particle uptake and processing were studied in rat oligodendrocyte precursor cells and oligodendrocytes using fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy, and the results collated with previous data from rat microglia and astrocyte studies. All cells were derived from primary mixed glial cultures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant intercellular differences were observed between glial subtypes: microglia demonstrate the most rapid/extensive particle uptake, followed by astrocytes, with oligodendrocyte precursor cells and oligodendrocytes showing significantly lower uptake. Ultrastructural analyses suggest that magnetic particles are extensively degraded in microglia, but relatively stable in other cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intercellular differences in particle uptake and handling exist between the major neuroglial subtypes. This has important implications for the utility of the magnetic particle platform for neurobiological applications including genetic modification, transplant cell labeling and biomolecule delivery to mixed CNS cell populations.
authors.affiliation: Cellular & Neural Engineering Group, Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
authors.forename: Stuart I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pickard
authors.forename: David N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Furness
authors.forename: Humphrey H P
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Yiu
authors.forename: Divya M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Chari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis*; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles