title: Self-reported patient safety competence among new graduates in medicine, nursing and pharmacy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As efforts to address patient safety (PS) in health professional (HP) education increase, it is important to understand new HPs' perspectives on their own PS competence at entry to practice. This study examines the self-reported PS competence of newly registered nurses, pharmacists and physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey of 4496 new graduates in medicine (1779), nursing (2196) and pharmacy (521) using the HP Education in PS Survey (H-PEPSS). The H-PEPSS measures HPs' self-reported PS competence on six socio-cultural dimensions of PS, including culture, teamwork, communication, managing risk, responding to risk and understanding human factors. The H-PEPSS asks about confidence in PS learning in classroom and clinical settings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All HP groups reported feeling more confident in the dimension of PS learning related to effective communication with patients and other providers. Greater confidence in PS learning was reported for learning experiences in the clinical setting compared with the class setting with one exception-nurses' confidence in learning about working in teams with other HPs deteriorated as they moved from thinking about learning in the classroom setting to thinking about learning in the clinical setting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Large-scale efforts are required to more deeply and consistently embed PS learning into HP education. However, efforts to embed PS learning in HP education seem to be hampered by deficiencies that persist in the culture of the clinical training environments in which we educate and acculturate new HPs.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Policy and Management, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. lgins@yorku.ca
authors.forename: Liane R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tregunno
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Norton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D005260:Female; D006126:Group Processes; D019538:Health Care Surveys / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000193:education / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008297:Male; D009726:Nurses / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009864:Ontario; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration; D061214:Patient Safety / Q000592:standards*; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010820:Physicians / Q000592:standards; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017751:Safety Management / Q000379:methods*; D057566:Self Report