title: The patient with chronic ischemic heart disease. Role of ranolazine in the management of stable angina.
abstract: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a major cause of death in Western Countries and accounts for very high costs worldwide. In this review we discussed the pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis and management of chronic IHD. In particular, we discussed about the percutaneous coronary interventions and coronary artery bypass grafting, as well as to clinical trials that evaluated the advantages of one approach versus another.  Pharmacological treatment is among major objectives of the review and for each class of therapeutic agents an evaluation of well-conducted clinical trials is provided. The most important drug classes in IHD treatment are betablockers, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, antiplatelet agents, and ACE-inhibitors. In addition to these agents, also new treatment options are evaluated in patients with stable IHD. Ranolazine, in particular, is a innovative anti-anginal drug with a great successful in the management of patients with refractory angina. A pharmacological as well as clinical profile of this drug is provided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. a.sestito@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Monaco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sestito
mesh_terms: D000083:Acetanilides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060050:Angina, Stable / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D019468:Disease Management; D006334:Heart Function Tests / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D049990:Membrane Transport Modulators / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069458:Ranolazine
chemical_list: D000083:Acetanilides; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D049990:Membrane Transport Modulators; D009566:Nitrates; D010879:Piperazines; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000069458:Ranolazine