title: Effects of lutein supplement on serum inflammatory cytokines, ApoE and lipid profiles in early atherosclerosis population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of lutein supplement on serum cytokines, apoE and lipoprotein profiles in early atherosclerosis population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Early atherosclerosis patients (n= 65) were randomized to receive placebo (A+P, n= 31) or 20 mg/d lutein (A+L, n= 34) for 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum lutein increased significantly compared to baseline after lutein supplements in A+L group (p<0.001). Lutein supplements resulted in a significant decrease in serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) at 3 month in A+L group (p<0.05). Intragroup comparison revealed a significant difference in the changes of serum MCP-1 between A+L and A+P groups (p= 0.021). The serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) significantly decreased in A+L group (p<0.05). The changes in serum lutein were negatively associated with those in serum LDL in A+L group (r=-0.384, p=0.043), while no such relationship was observed in A+P group (r= 0.087, p= 0.685).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An increase in serum lutein after supplementation can reduce inflammatory cytokines and regulate serum lipids, which may pay important roles in early atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, PR, China.
authors.forename: Xian-Rong
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhi-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yang-Mu
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D014975:Lutein / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D001786:Blood Glucose; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D016207:Cytokines; D008055:Lipids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D014975:Lutein