title: Trends in excess of weight, underweight and adiposity among Spanish children from 2004 to 2010: the Cuenca Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the trends in BMI and adiposity among schoolchildren from Cuenca, Spain, during 2004-2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two methodologically comparable surveys were carried out in 2004 and 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary schools in Cuenca, a province in the middle of Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  All schoolchildren aged 8-11 years, belonging to 4th and 5th grades from twenty schools in the Province of Cuenca, were invited to participate in both cross-sectional studies. Weight, height and body fat percentage (BF%) from bioelectrical impedance were measured with standardized procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 550 boys and 539 girls in 2004, and 569 boys and 531 girls in 2010. In 2010, 8.1 % of children were underweight, 25.9 % overweight and 9.5 % obese. From 2004 to 2010, the prevalence of overweight rose from 21.6 % to 28.0 % (P = 0.004) and BF % increased from 22.6 % to 24.0 % (P = 0.001) among boys. No change was observed in overweight and BF % in girls, or in underweight and obesity in either sex. In boys, most of the distribution of BMI and BF % shifted to the right; in contrast, among girls no substantial change was apparent in the distribution of BMI and BF %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From 2004 to 2010 the prevalence of overweight and adiposity has continued to increase among boys. However, the obesity epidemic may have levelled off in girls. Given that the prevalence of childhood excess weight is still very high, the current evidence-based efforts to halt the obesity epidemic in Spain should be strengthened.
authors.affiliation: Social and Health Care Research Center, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Melchor Cano, Cuenca, Spain. Vicente.Martinez@uclm.es
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martínez-Vizcaíno
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Solera Martínez
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Notario Pacheco
authors.forename: Mairena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sánchez López
authors.forename: Jorge Cañete
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: García-Prieto
authors.forename: Coral
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torrijos Niño
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arias Palencia
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salcedo Aguilar
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Artalejo
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D050154:Adiposity; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013851:Thinness / Q000453:epidemiology*