title: Aeromonas caviae is the most frequent pathogen amongst cases of Aeromonas bacteremia in Japan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aeromonas species can cause various infections including bacteremia, gastroenteritis, cholangitis, and wound infections. To date, most studies on Aeromonas species have been reported from countries other than Japan. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate Aeromonas bacteremia in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the medical records of patients with Aeromonas bacteremia from January 1994 to December 2010 in Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, and Toranomon Hospital Kajigaya, Kanagawa, Japan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six cases of Aeromonas bacteremia were identified. Of these 36 strains, 18 were Aeromonas caviae, 13 were Aeromonas hydrophila, and 5 were Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria. The underlying diseases were solid tumor (21 cases), chronic hepatic disease (13 cases), diabetes mellitus (9 cases), hematological malignancies (4 cases), autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (2 cases), and aplastic anemia (2 cases). Patients with a solid tumor more frequently presented with A. caviae bacteremia than non-A. caviae bacteremia (14/18 vs 7/18; p = 0.041). Additionally, 16 of the 36 episodes were polymicrobial, and of these, 12 had stenosis or stasis of the bile duct or pancreatic duct (75%). The overall 30-day mortality was 19%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to identify A. caviae as the most frequent causative pathogen of Aeromonas bacteremia in Japan. Additionally, compared with previous studies, most patients in our study had solid tumors. These findings suggest that the characteristics of Aeromonas bacteremia vary among study populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Muneyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Araoka
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoneyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D057585:Aeromonas caviae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012621:Seasons; D016896:Treatment Outcome