title: Activated microglia provide a neuroprotective role by balancing glial             cell-line derived neurotrophic factor and tumor necrosis factor-α secretion after             subacute cerebral ischemia.
abstract: Microglia are the major immune cells in the central nervous system and play             a key role in brain injury pathology. However, the role of activated microglia             after subacute cerebral ischemia (SCI) remains unknown. To address this issue,             we established a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) rat model             and treated pMCAO rats with N-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-phenanthridin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide             (PJ34) (an inhibitor of microglial activation), or with vehicle alone. Finally,             we determined the differences between the PJ34-and vehicle-treated rats with respect             to neurological deficits, infarct volume, neuronal loss and the expression of             CD11b (a marker of microglial activation), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic             factor (GDNF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at 1, 3 and 7 days after treatment.             We found that the PJ34-treated rats had more severe neurological deficits and             a larger infarct volume and exhibited a decreased CD11b expression, more neuronal             loss, decreased expression of GDNF mRNA and protein but increased expression of             TNF-α mRNA and protein compared with the vehicle-treated rats at 3 and 7 days             after treatment. These results indicate that activated microglia provide a neuroprotective             role through balancing GDNF and TNF-α expression following SCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhitang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuanzheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yibing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology*; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D039481:CD11b Antigen; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C434926:N-(oxo-5,6-dihydrophenanthridin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide hydrochloride; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha