title: The effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate on driving behaviors in young adults with ADHD assessed with the Manchester driving behavior questionnaire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Young adults with ADHD have been shown to be at increased risk for impairment in driving behaviors. Although stimulant medications have proven efficacy in reducing ADHD symptomatology, there is limited knowledge as to their effects on driving behavior. The focus of this report is on assessing the impact of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) on driving behaviors in young adults with ADHD using a validated driving behavior questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  This assessment was carried out in the context of a randomized, double-blind, 6-week, placebo-controlled, parallel-design study of LDX versus placebo. Subjects were 61 outpatients of both sexes, 18-26 years of age, who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, criteria for ADHD. Subjects were randomized to receive LDX or placebo for 6 weeks. Driving behavior was assessed at baseline and at the end of treatment using a U.S. version of the Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Highly significant improvements were documented on LDX, over placebo, in driving behaviors assessed through the DBQ in measures of driving errors, driving lapses, and a trend toward fewer driving violations. There were no meaningful associations between these DBQ results and previously documented changes in a laboratory driving simulation paradigm or with improvement in symptoms of ADHD assessed through the ADHD rating scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LDX treatment was associated with significant improvements in self-reported driving behaviors that were independent of improvement in symptoms of ADHD. These results suggest that LDX may reduce behaviors associated with driving risks in young adults with ADHD.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Research Program in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. jbiederman@partners.org
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biederman
authors.forename: Ronna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hammerness
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Surman
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mehler
authors.forename: Carter R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Petty
authors.forename: Stephen V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Faraone
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bourgeois
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Meller
authors.forename: Kathryn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Godfrey
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baer
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reimer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001334:Automobile Driving; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003913:Dextroamphetamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000069478:Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D000069478:Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate; D003913:Dextroamphetamine