title: The draft genome of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and resequencing of 20 diverse accessions.
abstract: Watermelon, Citrullus lanatus, is an important cucurbit crop grown throughout the world. Here we report a high-quality draft genome sequence of the east Asia watermelon cultivar 97103 (2n = 2× = 22) containing 23,440 predicted protein-coding genes. Comparative genomics analysis provided an evolutionary scenario for the origin of the 11 watermelon chromosomes derived from a 7-chromosome paleohexaploid eudicot ancestor. Resequencing of 20 watermelon accessions representing three different C. lanatus subspecies produced numerous haplotypes and identified the extent of genetic diversity and population structure of watermelon germplasm. Genomic regions that were preferentially selected during domestication were identified. Many disease-resistance genes were also found to be lost during domestication. In addition, integrative genomic and transcriptomic analyses yielded important insights into aspects of phloem-based vascular signaling in common between watermelon and cucumber and identified genes crucial to valuable fruit-quality traits, including sugar accumulation and citrulline metabolism.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shaogui
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authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jianguo
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authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Honghe
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authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jerome
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authors.forename: William J
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authors.lastname: Lucas
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authors.lastname: Zhang
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authors.lastname: Zheng
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authors.lastname: Mao
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authors.lastname: Min
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authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Florent
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authors.lastname: Murat
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authors.lastname: Zhang
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authors.lastname: Huang
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authors.lastname: Xu
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authors.lastname: Zhong
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authors.lastname: Bombarely
authors.forename: Lukas A
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authors.lastname: Mueller
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authors.lastname: Zhao
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authors.lastname: He
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authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhonghua
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authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sanwen
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authors.lastname: Huang
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authors.lastname: Pang
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authors.lastname: Lin
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authors.lastname: Hu
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authors.lastname: Kuang
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authors.lastname: Wang
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authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qinghe
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authors.lastname: Kou
authors.forename: Wenju
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authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Xiaohua
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authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Jiao
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authors.lastname: Jiang
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authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Kathrin
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authors.lastname: Klee
authors.forename: Heiko
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authors.lastname: Schoof
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xuesong
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authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Dequan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kui
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authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yang
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authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Xiang
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authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zequn
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authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Miao
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authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Xinming
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authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Bangqing
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authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tian
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authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Junyi
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authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ye
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authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Hongping
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authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Ruiqiang
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authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Mingzhu
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authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Amnon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levi
authors.forename: Xingping
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authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Giovannoni
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yunfu
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authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhangjun
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authors.lastname: Fei
authors.forename: Yong
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authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D029773:Citrullus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D014644:Genetic Variation; D018745:Genome, Plant; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D059467:Transcriptome