title: Detection of multiple waterborne pathogens using microsequencing arrays.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A microarray was developed to simultaneously detect Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium hominis, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus anthracis and Francisella tularensis in water.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A DNA microarray was designed to contain probes that specifically detected C. parvum, C. hominis, Ent. faecium, B. anthracis and F. tularensis. The microarray was then evaluated with samples containing target and nontarget DNA from near-neighbour micro-organisms, and tap water spiked with multiple organisms. Results demonstrated that the microarray consistently detected Ent. faecium, B. anthracis, F. tularensis and C. parvum when present in samples. Cryptosporidium hominis was only consistently detected through the use of shared probes between C. hominis and C. parvum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study successfully developed and tested a microarray-based assay that can specifically detect faecal indicator bacteria and human pathogens in tap water.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of indicator organisms has become a practical solution for monitoring for water quality. However, they do not always correlate well with the presence of many microbial pathogens, thus necessitating direct monitoring for most pathogens. This microarray can be used to simultaneously detect multiple organisms in a single sample. More importantly, it can provide occurrence information that may be used in assessing potential exposure risks to waterborne pathogens.
authors.affiliation: National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Brinkman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Francisco
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Schaudies
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Villegas
mesh_terms: D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces; D005604:Francisella tularensis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014867:Water / Q000469:parasitology*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D014867:Water