title: Clinical comparison of the Welch Allyn SureSight™ handheld autorefractor vs. streak retinoscopy in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the Welch Allyn SureSight™ wavefront autorefractor with retinoscopy in normal dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty privately owned dogs (100 eyes) of 20 breeds, free of ocular disease. Mean ± SD age: 5.7 ± 3.25 years (range: 6 months-13 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  The refractive error was determined in each eye by two experienced retinoscopists using streak retinoscopy as well as by an autorefractor operated by two different examiners. Measurements were performed before and approximately 30-45 min after cycloplegia was induced by cyclopentolate 0.5% and tropicamide 0.5% ophthalmic solutions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean ± SD noncyclopleged retinoscopy net sphere was -0.55 ± 1.14 (range: -3.75 to 3.5) diopters (D). Mean cyclopleged retinoscopy net sphere was -0.52 ± 1.18 (range: -4.25 to 2) D. Mean ± SD noncyclopleged autorefractor spherical equivalent (SE) was -0.42 ± 1.13 D (range: -3.36 to 2.73) D. Mean cyclopleged autorefractor SE was 0.10 ± 1.47 (range: -5.62 to 3.19) D. Noncyclopleged autorefraction results were not significantly different from streak retinoscopy (whether noncyclopleged or cyclopleged, P = 0.80 and P = 0.26, respectively). Cyclopleged autorefraction results were significantly different from noncyclopleged or cyclopleged streak retinoscopy (P < 0.0001 in both states). There was no significant difference between noncyclopleged and cyclopleged streak retinoscopy (P = 0.97).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Noncyclopleged autorefraction shows good agreement with streak retinoscopy in dogs and may be a useful clinical technique. Cycloplegia does not significantly affect streak retinoscopy results in dogs.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Allyson D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Groth
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hollingsworth
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ofri
authors.forename: Philip H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Kass
authors.forename: Zoe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D012031:Refractometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary*