title: Quality of life outcomes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: a controlled comparison.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are now standard treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). While TKIs have less toxicity than previous treatments, they have side effects that can impact quality of life (QOL).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study compared CML patients taking a TKI for an average of 4.01 years (range 0.50-9.79 years) to age- and gender-matched controls with no history of cancer on measures of symptom burden, depression, fatigue, sleep, and health-related QOL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to controls (n = 62), CML patients (n = 62) taking a TKI (imatinib 55 %, nilotinib 31 %, and dasatinib 14 %) reported significantly worse fatigue severity (p < .001), fatigue interference (p < .001), depression (p = .007), symptom burden (p < .001), and physical QOL (p < .001). TKI patients were also more likely meet established cutoffs for clinically meaningful fatigue (p values < .001) and depression (p = .004). There were no differences in mental QOL or sleep (p values > .010). Regarding specific symptoms, TKI patients were more likely to report nausea, diarrhea, itching, skin changes, swelling of arms or legs, and not looking like themselves (p values < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest the need for interventions to address QOL in CML patients taking TKIs.
authors.affiliation: Mental Health and Behavioral Sciences, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Kristin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinilla-Ibarz
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sotomayor
authors.forename: Morgan R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Heather S L
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jim
authors.forename: Brent J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Small
authors.forename: Lubomir
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sokol
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lancet
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tinsley
authors.forename: Kendra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sweet
authors.forename: Rami
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Komrokji
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000009:adverse effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D000069439:Dasatinib; D003863:Depression / Q000139:chemically induced; D005221:Fatigue / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010879:Piperazines / Q000009:adverse effects; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000009:adverse effects; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013844:Thiazoles; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; C498826:nilotinib; D000069439:Dasatinib