title: Electrodiagnosis of brachial plexopathies and proximal upper extremity neuropathies.
abstract: This article describes the normal anatomy of the brachial plexus and its major terminal branches, as well as the major causes and clinical presentations of lesions of these structures. An approach to electrodiagnosis of brachial plexopathies and proximal upper extremity neuropathies is provided, with an emphasis on those nerve conduction studies and portions of the needle examination, which permit localization of lesions to specific trunks, cords, and terminal branches. The importance of specific sensory nerve conduction studies for differentiating plexopathies from radiculopathies and mononeuropathies is emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Neuromuscular Program and ALS Center, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. zsimmons@psu.edu
authors.forename: Zachary
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Simmons
mesh_terms: D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D020968:Brachial Plexus Neuritis / Q000175:diagnosis; D020516:Brachial Plexus Neuropathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D009138:Musculocutaneous Nerve / Q000293:injuries; D009431:Neural Conduction; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000294:innervation