title: Role of surface charge in cytotoxicity of charged manganese ferrite nanoparticles towards macrophages.
abstract: Amphiphilic surfactants have been used to disperse magnetic nanoparticles in biological media, because they exhibit a dual hydrophobic/hydrophilic affinity that facilitates the formation of a nanoemulsion, within which nanoparticle surfaces can be modified to achieve different physicochemical properties. For the investigation of the interactions of cells with charged magnetic nanoparticles in a biological medium, we selected the nanoemulsion method to prepare water-soluble magnetic nanoparticles using amphiphilic surfactant (polysorbate 80). The hydroxyl groups of polysorbate 80 were modified to carboxyl or amine groups. The chemical structures of carboxylated and aminated polysorbate 80 were confirmed, and water-soluble manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MFNPs) were synthesized with three types of polysorbate 80. Colloidal size, morphology, monodispersity, solubility and T2 relaxivity were found to be similar between the three types of MFNP. However, cationic MFNPs exhibited greater cytotoxicity in macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) and lower cellular membrane effective stiffness than anionic and non-ionic MFNPs. Moreover, cationic MFNPs exhibited large uptake efficiency for RAW264.7 cells compared with anionic or non-ionic MFNPs under the same conditions. Therefore, we propose that surface charge should be a key consideration factor in the design of magnetic nanoparticles for theragnostic applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Jinsung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sungsoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Jin-Suck
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Seungjoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haam
authors.forename: Sahng Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yong-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: Jaemoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D017895:Manganese Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D007477:Ions; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D011136:Polysorbates; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C551151:manganese ferrite