title: Effects of gestational age and surface modification on materno-fetal transfer of nanoparticles in murine pregnancy.
abstract: Nanoparticle exposure in pregnancy may result in placental damage and fetotoxicity; however, the factors that determine fetal nanoparticle exposure are unclear. Here we have assessed the effect of gestational age and nanoparticle composition on fetal accumulation of maternally-administered nanomaterials in mice. We determined the placental and fetal uptake of 13 nm gold nanoparticles with different surface modifications (ferritin, PEG and citrate) following intravenous administration at E5.5-15.5. We showed that prior to E11.5, all tested nanoparticles could be visualized and detected in fetal tissues in significant amounts; however, fetal gold levels declined dramatically post-E11.5. In contrast, Au-nanoparticle accumulation in the extraembryonic tissues (EET) increased 6-15 fold with gestational age. Fetal and EET accumulation of ferritin- and PEG-modified nanoparticles was considerably greater than citrate-capped nanoparticles. No signs of toxicity were observed. Fetal exposure to nanoparticles in murine pregnancy is, therefore, influenced by both stage of embryonic/placental maturation and nanoparticle surface composition.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Cuiji
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhenlin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Libo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chunying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xing-jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Keelan
authors.forename: Yuliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Guangjun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005865:Gestational Age; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D010920:Placenta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000378:metabolism*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D019343:Citric Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006046:Gold; D005293:Ferritins