title: [Effect of low-molecular-weight heparin combined with paclitaxel on the invasiveness and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) combined with paclitaxel (PTX) on the invasiveness and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and explore the molecular mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  MTT assay was used to detect the growth inhibition induced by LMWH and PTX in CNE1 and CNE2 cells. Wound healing assay and Transwell migration assay were employed to assess the effects of the drugs on the cell migration, and Transwell invasion assay was used to evaluate the cell invasiveness. The cellular expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were analyzed by Western blotting. ELISA was used to determine the expression of heparanase (HPA) in the culture medium of the cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MTT assay showed an obvious suppression of CNE1 and CNE2 cell proliferation in response to LMWH and PTX treatments. Treatment with 200 U·ml LMWH combined with 0.1 µmol·L PTX for 24 h resulted in the inhibition rates of migration of 66.70% and 70.53% in CNE1 and CNE2 cells, respectively significantly higher than the rates in cells with PTX treatment alone. The combined treatment with LMWH and PTX for 24 h also caused a significantly higher inhibition rate of cell invasion than LMWH and PTX alone. LMWH enhanced the down-regulation of MMP-9 and HPA induced by PTX.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LMWH can enhance the inhibitory effect of PTX on the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, the mechanism of which may involve the down-regulation of MMP-9 and HPA expressions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China. zhangpei880204@126.com
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Surong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Lele
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Longjian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: Zhiwen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chenchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D019763:Heparin Lyase / Q000378:metabolism; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000099175:Heparanase
chemical_list: D005966:Glucuronidase; D019763:Heparin Lyase; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D017239:Paclitaxel; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D000099175:Heparanase; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; C579270:MMP9 protein, human