title: Effects of acute selective pudendal nerve electrical stimulation after simulated childbirth injury.
abstract: During childbirth, a combinatorial injury occurs and can result in stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Simulated childbirth injury, consisting of vaginal distension (VD) and pudendal nerve crush (PNC), results in slowed recovery of continence, as well as decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a regenerative cytokine. Electrical stimulation has been shown to upregulate BDNF in motor neurons and facilitate axon regrowth through the increase of β(II)-tubulin expression after injury. In this study, female rats underwent selective pudendal nerve motor branch (PNMB) stimulation after simulated childbirth injury or sham injury to determine whether such stimulation affects bladder and anal function after injury and whether the stimulation increases BDNF expression in Onuf's nucleus after injury. Rats received 4 h of VD followed by bilateral PNC and 1 h of subthreshold electrical stimulation of the left PNMB and sham stimulation of the right PNMB. Rats underwent filling cystometry and anal pressure recording before, during, and after the stimulation. Bladder and anal contractile function were partially disrupted after injury. PNMB stimulation temporarily inhibited bladder contraction after injury. Two days and 1 wk after injury, BDNF expression in Onuf's nucleus of the stimulated side was significantly increased compared with the sham-stimulated side, whereas β(II)-tubulin expression in Onuf's nucleus of the stimulated side was significantly increased only 1 wk after injury. Acute electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve proximal to the crush site upregulates BDNF and β(II)-tubulin in Onuf's nucleus after simulated childbirth injury, which could be a potential preventive option for SUI after childbirth injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. jiangh@ccf.org
authors.forename: Hai-Hong
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Bradley C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Charuspong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dissaranan
authors.forename: Massarat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zutshi
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Balog
authors.forename: Danli
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Margot S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Damaser
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D023421:Models, Animal; D036801:Parturition; D011247:Pregnancy; D060525:Pudendal Nerve / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D014404:Tubulin