title: Bioacumulation of cyanotoxins in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) in Paranoá Lake, Brasilia-DF, Brazil.
abstract: Three individuals of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) were collected biweekly from Paranoá Lake (DF, Brazil) for analysis of microcystin (MC) concentrations in their muscle and liver tissue. Analysis by high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed MC masses and fragmentation patterns that were identified as MC-LR (995.04 m/z), MC-LA (909.01 m/z) and an unknown MC (987.07 m/z). Concentrations were calculated as MC-LR equivalents using a calibration curve prepared with a standard of MC-LR. May/06 was the month with the highest MC-LR equivalent concentrations in muscle and liver (3.83 ± 2.78, and 12.94 ± 10.51 μg g(-1), respectively). Our results show that during the drought months (April-September), consumption of fish with these MC concentrations would result in exposure to MCs that greatly exceed the World Health Organization's recommended tolerable daily intake limit of 0.04 μg MC kg(-1) body weight.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Toxinologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bloch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paulino
authors.forename: O R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Pires
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000254:growth & development; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry; D012621:Seasons; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C049865:cyanoginosin-LA; C057862:cyanoginosin LR