title: Analysis of koi herpesvirus latency in wild common carp and ornamental koi in Oregon, USA.
abstract: Koi herpesvirus (KHV) infection is associated with high mortalities in both common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) and koi carp (Cyprinus carpio koi) worldwide. Although acute infection has been reported in both domestic and wild common carp, the status of KHV latent infection is largely unknown in wild common carp. To investigate whether KHV latency is present in wild common carp, the distribution of KHV latent infection was investigated in two geographically distinct populations of wild common carp in Oregon, as well as in koi from an Oregon-based commercial supplier. Latent KHV infection was demonstrated in white blood cells from each of these populations. Although KHV isolated from acute infections has two distinct genetic groups, Asian and European, KHV detected in wild carp has not been genetically characterized. DNA sequences from ORF 25 to 26 that are unique between Asian and European were investigated in this study. KHV from captive koi and some wild common carp were found to have ORF-25-26 sequences similar to KHV-J (Asian), while the majority of KHV DNA detected in wild common carp has similarity to KHV-U/-I (European). In addition, DNA sequences from IL-10, and TNFR were sequenced and compared with no differences found, which suggests immune suppressor genes of KHV are conserved between KHV in wild common carp and koi, and is consistent with KHV-U, -I, -J.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
authors.forename: Jia-Rong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bently
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Aimee
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miller-Morgan
authors.forename: Jerry R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Heidel
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: Daniel D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Rockey
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002347:Carps / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D009922:Oregon; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D017735:Virus Latency
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D016753:Interleukin-10