title: Adjuvant dependence of APS pathology-related low-affinity antibodies during secondary immune response to tetanus toxoid in BALB/c mice.
abstract: One of the established animal models for autoimmune disease antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is TTd hyperimmunization of mice. Tetanus toxoid (TTd) and plasma protein β2GPI share structural homology so that immunization with TTd induces appearance of cross-reactive antibodies. In this paper, we have investigated the presence and dynamic of fluctuation of specific (anti-TTd) and auto (anti-β2GPI) antibodies induced in BALB/c mice during secondary immune response after TTd immunization with alhydrogel or glycerol as adjuvants. In addition, we followed the induced reproductive pathology as a sign of autoimmune outcome. We show undoubtedly adjuvant dependance of (1) level of induced anti-TTd IgG antibodies, (2) changes in levels of low-affinity anti-β2GPI IgG antibodies, and (3) change in fecundity and fertility during secondary immune response. These findings once more indicate the importance of chosen adjuvants used for successful immunization and eventual autoantibody outcome, this time associated with the processes involving low affinity, natural antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research and Development, Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera-Torlak, Belgrade, Serbia. izivkovic@torlakinstitut.com
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zivković
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petrušić
authors.forename: Rajna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dimitrijević
authors.forename: Marijana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stojanović
authors.forename: Ljiljana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dimitrijević
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000915:Antibody Affinity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D005990:Glycerol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001323:Autoantibodies; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D005990:Glycerol