title: [The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in a national survey across China in 2010].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the epidemiological trend of pulmonary tuberculosis, and to provide scientific basis for making National Tuberculosis Control Program 2011 - 2015.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multi-stage stratified clustered sampling method was adopted, and 176 clusters were selected. All residents over 15 years old received interviewing and chest X-ray examination. Sputum smear and culture were done for subjects with abnormal X-ray films and symptoms suggestive of tuberculosis. Strains isolated by culture were further tested to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. A weighted adjustment method accounting for complex sampling was used to calculate prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. Second-order Rao-Scott adjusted chi-square test was used to compare prevalence among different groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The examination rate was 96.1% (252 940/263 281) of the eligible people. The weighted prevalence of active, smear-positive, bacteriological positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 459/100 000 (1310/252 940), 66/100 000 (188/252 940), 119/100 000 (347/252 940) respectively. Active, smear-positive, bacteriological positive pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence among people over 60 years were 1097/100 000 (637/57 456), 177/100 000 (91/57 456), 323/100 000 (179/57 456). Active and bacteriological positive pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence in rural areas (569/100 000, 936/138 057; 153/100 000, 255/138 057) was higher than that in urban areas (307/100 000, 374/114 883; 73/100 000, 92/114 883). Prevalence in western provinces was high where the active, smear-positive, bacteriological positive pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence was 695/100 000 (567/69 896), 105/100 000 (84/69 896), 198/100 000 (161/69 896) respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The epidemic of tuberculosis is still serious. Tuberculosis control work should be enhanced in high prevalence areas and high risk population.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult