title: Placental extract protects bone marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells against radiation injury through anti-inflammatory activity.
abstract: Placental extracts have been reported to have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Because there is increasing evidence that ionizing radiation induces the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines, we examined the protective effects of a placental extract against radiation injury. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 1 Gy of γ-ray radiation every day for 5 days, and placental extract (1 mg/day) was administrated orally soon after each exposure. At 2 days after the last irradiation, mice were euthanized to examine the numbers, colony-forming capacity, and DNA damage of stem/progenitor cells in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. To understand the related mechanisms, we also measured the levels of intracellular and mitochondrial ROS, and 8-OHdG in the plasma and urine, and IL-6 and TNF-α in the plasma. Compared with the placebo treatment, oral administration of placental extract significantly increased the number and colony-forming capacity, but decreased the DNA damage of bone marrow stem/progenitor cells. However, neither the levels of intracellular and mitochondrial ROS in bone marrow cells, nor the levels of 8-OHdG in the urine and plasma significantly differed between groups. Interestingly, in comparison with the placebo treatment, placental extract significantly decreased the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in the plasma. Placental extract significantly attenuated the acute radiation injury to bone marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells, and this protection is likely to be related to the anti-inflammatory activity of the placental extract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawakatsu
authors.forename: Yoshishige
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urata
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Tao-Sheng
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010924:Placental Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D010924:Placental Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species