title: Oleuropein induces anti-metastatic effects in breast cancer.
abstract: Breast cancer causes death due to distant metastases in which tumor cells produce matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes which facilitate invasion. Oleuropein, the main olive oil polyphenol, has anti-proliferative effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oleuropein on the metastatic and anti-metastatic gene expression in the MDA human breast cancer cell line. We evaluated the MMPs and TIMPs gene expression by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in treated and untreated cells. This study demonstrated that OL may induce anti-metastatic effects on human breast cancer cells. We found that TIMP1,-3, and -4 were over-expressed after all periods of incubation in treated cancer cells compared to untreated cells, while MMP2 and MMP9 genes were down-regulated, at least initially. Treatment of breast cancer cells with oleuropein could help in prevention of cancer metastasis by increasing the TIMPs and suppressing the MMPs gene expressions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, University Centre for Women Students, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. hildahafez@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Zeinab K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Maha H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Elamin
authors.forename: Maha H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Daghestani
authors.forename: Sawsan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Omer
authors.forename: Ebtesam M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Al-Olayan
authors.forename: Mai A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Elobeid
authors.forename: Promy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Virk
authors.forename: Osama B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Mohammed
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011714:Pyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics; D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 / Q000235:genetics; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D000097792:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D011714:Pyrans; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D000097792:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; C088390:TIMP3 protein, human; C002769:oleuropein