title: Prevalence of otomycosis in Khouzestan Province, south-west Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of otomycosis and aetiological agents in Khouzestan province, south-west Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study examined and cultured 881 swabs from suspected external otitis cases, collected from throughout Khouzestan province. Fungal agents were identified by slide culture and complementary tests when necessary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 37 years. The 20-39 year age group had the highest prevalence of otomycosis: 293 cases, comprising 162 (55.3 per cent) women and 131 (44.7 per cent) men. The seasonal distribution of cases was: summer, 44.7 per cent; autumn, 28.7 per cent; winter, 14.7 per cent; and spring, 11.9 per cent. The fungal agents isolated were Aspergillus niger (67.2 per cent), Aspergillus flavus (13 per cent), Candida albicans (11.6 per cent), Aspergillus fumigatus (6.2 per cent) and penicillium species (2 per cent).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fungal otomycosis is still one of the most important external ear diseases. In this study in south-west Iran, Aspergillus niger was the predominant aetiological agent. However, clinicians should be cautious of candidal otomycosis, which has a lower rate of incidence but is more prevalent among 20-39 year olds.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rafiei
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nikakhlagh
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amirrajab
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D001231:Aspergillus flavus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D059249:Otomycosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents