title: A novel role for lipid droplets in the organismal antibacterial response.
abstract: We previously discovered histones bound to cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs); here we show that this forms a cellular antibacterial defense system. Sequestered on droplets under normal conditions, in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA), histones are released from the droplets and kill bacteria efficiently in vitro. Droplet-bound histones also function in vivo: when injected into Drosophila embryos lacking droplet-bound histones, bacteria grow rapidly. In contrast, bacteria injected into embryos with droplet-bound histones die. Embryos with droplet-bound histones displayed more than a fourfold survival advantage when challenged with four different bacterial species. Our data suggests that this intracellular antibacterial defense system may function in adult flies, and also potentially in mice.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00003.001.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Cell Biology ,  University of California Irvine ,  Irvine ,  United States.
authors.forename: Preetha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cermelli
authors.forename: Zhihuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kassan
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: Robilyn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sigua
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Andre J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ouellette
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pol
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Welte
authors.forename: Steven P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006657:Histones / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D066292:Lipid Droplets / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D013682:Teichoic Acids; C009900:lipoteichoic acid