title: An all-fiber-optic endoscopy platform for simultaneous OCT and fluorescence imaging.
abstract: We present an all-fiber-optically based endoscope platform for simultaneous optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescence imaging. This design entails the use of double-clad fiber (DCF) in the endoscope for delivery of OCT source and fluorescence excitation light while collecting the backscattered OCT signal through the single-mode core and fluorescence emission through the large inner cladding of the DCF. Circumferential beam scanning was performed by rotating a 45° reflector using a miniature DC motor at the distal end of the endoscope. Additionally, a custom DCF coupler and a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) were utilized to seamlessly integrate both imaging modalities to achieve an entirely fiber-optically based dual-modality imaging system. We demonstrated simultaneous intraluminal 3D OCT and 2D (surface) fluorescence imaging in ex vivo rabbit esophagus using the dual-modal endomicroscopy system. Structural morphologies (provided by OCT) and fluorophore distribution (provided by the fluorescence module) could be clearly visualized, suggesting the potential of the dual-modality system for future in vivo and clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205,  USA ; These authors contributed equally.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mavadia
authors.forename: Jiefeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Yongping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xingde
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li