title: Hair restoration surgery: the state of the art.
abstract: Hair restoration is a highly sophisticated subspecialty that offers significant relief to patients with hair loss. An improved understanding of the aesthetics of hair loss and cosmetic hair restoration, hair anatomy and physiology, and the development of microvascular surgical instrumentation has revolutionized the approach to surgical hair restoration since the original description. Additional elements that contribute to the current state of the art in hair restoration include graft size, site creation, packing density, and medical control of hair loss. The results of hair restoration are natural in appearance and are provided with a very high level of patient satisfaction and safety. This aspect of cosmetic surgery is a very welcome addition to a traditional aesthetic practice and serves as a tremendous source for internal cross-referral. The future of hair restoration surgery is centered on minimal-incision surgery as well as cell-based therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital and School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. jamesevogel@comcast.net
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Sharon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Keene
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.forename: Paul T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000505:Alopecia / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061214:Patient Safety; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps