title: Importance of IL-10 and IL-6 during chronic hepatitis C genotype-1 treatment and their relation with IL28B.
abstract: This paper investigates serum levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 (CHC-GT1), the relation of each with clinical and virological characteristics, how they affect the response to combined therapy and their relation with the IL28B polymorphisms rs12979860. Serum level expression and the polymorphism of IL-10, IL-6 and IL28B were determined in 138 CHC-GT1 patients, treated with pegylated interferon/ribavirin (pegIFN-α/RBV) for 48 weeks, in the following samples: baseline, week-12 (during treatment) and week-72 (post-treatment). 77 patients (56%) presented Sustained Virological Response (SVR) and 61 (44%) were non-SVR. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age ≤ 40 years (aOR=3.7, 95%CI=1.5-8.9, P=0.004), low activity of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) (aOR=0.9, 95%CI=0.98-0.99, P=0.028), CC genotype of IL28B polymorphism (aOR=2.7, 95%CI=1.0-7.2, P=0.044) and low IL-6 (aOR=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-1.0, P=0.038) were predictor factors of virological response. In all patients, following treatment, IL-6 decreased at week-12 (P=0.004) from baseline and had returned to basal values at week-72. Serum IL-10 concentration was significantly decreased at week-72 only in SVR patients (P ≤ 0.001). When patients were stratified by IL28B polymorphisms rs12979860 CC vs non-CC patients, a statistically significant decrease in IL-10 at week-72 in both groups was observed (P=0.003 and P ≤ 0.001, respectively). None of the polymorphisms of IL-10 or IL-6 studied were associated with SVR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CC genotype of IL28B and low IL-6 serum concentration are factors associated independently with SVR. Moreover, decreased IL-10 at week-72 is associated with SVR in both CC and non-CC patients, and both factors are important to determine the effectiveness of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain. estherjpavon@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Esther-J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Pavón-Castillero
authors.forename: Paloma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muñoz-de-Rueda
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López-Segura
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gila
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Quiles
authors.forename: Jose-A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Gámez
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carazo
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Angeles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Extremera
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salmerón
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
chemical_list: D007372:Interferons; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins; C000624353:interferon-lambda, human; D000095022:Interferon Lambda; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human