title: Unhealthy interactions: the role of stereotype threat in health disparities.
abstract: Stereotype threat is the unpleasant psychological experience of confronting negative stereotypes about race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, or social status.  Hundreds of published studies show how the experience of stereotype threat can impair intellectual functioning and interfere with test and school performance. Numerous published interventions derived from this research have improved the performance and motivation of individuals targeted by low-ability stereotypes.  Stereotype threat theory and research provide a useful lens for understanding and reducing the negative health consequences of interracial interactions for African Americans and members of similarly stigmatized minority groups. Here we summarize the educational outcomes of stereotype threat and examine the implications of stereotype threat for health and health-related behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA. ja41@nyu.edu
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aronson
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: Sean M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Phelan
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Juarez
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006801:Humans; D008913:Minority Groups; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D063505:Racism; D013240:Stereotyping