title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of a fixed-dose combination of olmesartan medoxomil and amlodipine in healthy Chinese males and females.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablet of olmesartan medoxomil 20 mg and amlodipine 5 mg (CS-8663) in healthy Chinese subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  This single-centre, open-label study was conducted in five healthy males and five females aged 18-45 years. Subjects received a single oral dose of an olmesartan medoxomil/amlodipine 20 mg/5 mg tablet on Day 1 under fasting conditions, and after a wash-out period they received the same dose once daily from Day 15 to Day 24. Serial blood samples were collected at predefined time-points to measure the plasma concentrations of olmesartan and amlodipine during the single-dose and the multiple-dose period. Meanwhile, blood pressure and heart rate were repeatedly taken to delineate the pharmacodynamic profiles. Safety was assessed throughout the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After oral administration, the peak concentrations of olmesartan and amlodipine were reached in a median time of 2 and 6 h, respectively. The elimination half-life of amlodipine is more than twice as long as that of olmesartan. Steady states of both compounds were attained after once-daily dosing for 8 days. Similar significant reductions of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were observed after a single dose of an olmesartan medoxomil/amlodipine 20 mg/5 mg FDC tablet. In comparison, multiple doses of olmesartan medoxomil/amlodipine 20 mg/5 mg tablets lowered the daily pre-dose BP level and led to smaller BP changes after the last dose. Heart rate increments were larger and more sustained after multiple doses than during the single-dose period. Females showed more systolic BP reductions than males despite inter-sex similarity in pharmacokinetics. Treatment with olmesartan medoxomil/amlodipine 20 mg/5 mg FDC tablets was safe and well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After single and multiple doses of olmesartan medoxomil/amlodipine 20 mg/5 mg FDC tablets the pharmacokinetic profiles of olmesartan or amlodipine were comparable to those reported for monotherapy with olmesartan medoxomil or amlodipine, except that the elimination half-life of olmesartan was longer because of the longer time course over which pharmacokinetic blood sampling was carried out in this study. The response profiles of BP indicate a concentration-dependent antihypertensive effect of the olmesartan medoxomil/amlodipine 20 mg/5 mg FDC tablet after a single dose and stabilization of such effects after multiple doses.
authors.affiliation: Phase I Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Hongzhong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002681:China; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000068557:Olmesartan Medoxomil; D012737:Sex Factors; D013607:Tablets; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007093:Imidazoles; D013607:Tablets; D013777:Tetrazoles; D017311:Amlodipine; D000068557:Olmesartan Medoxomil