title: In situ-prepared composite materials of PEDOT: PSS buffer layer-metal nanoparticles and their application to organic solar cells.
abstract: We report an enhancement in the efficiency of organic solar cells via the incorporation of gold (Au) or silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) in the hole-transporting buffer layer of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), which was formed on an indium tin oxide (ITO) surface by the spin-coating of PEDOT:PSS-Au or Ag NPs composite solution. The composite solution was synthesized by a simple in situ preparation method which involved the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) or silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) solution in the presence of aqueous PEDOT:PSS media. The NPs were well dispersed in the PEDOT:PSS media and showed a characteristic absorption peak due to the surface plasmon resonance effect. Organic solar cells with the structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS-Au, Ag NPs/poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM)/LiF/Al exhibited an 8% improvement in their power conversion efficiency mainly due to the enlarged surface roughness of the PEDOT:PSS, which lead to an improvement in the charge collection and ultimately improvements in the short-circuit current density and fill factor.
authors.affiliation: Green Energy Research Division, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 711-873, South Korea. shwoo@dgist.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sungho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Jae Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Hong Kun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.forename: Yoon Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Youngkyoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim