title: Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in foodstuffs collected from traditional markets in Indonesia.
abstract: A total 23 of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues were determined in five groups of foodstuffs, i.e.: vegetables (carrot, potato, cucumber, corn, and onion), rice, pulses (green bean and soybean), nuts (peanut), and fish (milkfish), which collected from traditional markets in three big cities of Indonesia; Jakarta, Bogor, and Yogyakarta. OCPs were only detected in fatty foodstuffs, such as soybean, peanut, and milkfish. The concentration of HCB (expressed as ng g(-1) on a whole basis), ΣDrins, ΣDDTs, ΣHeptachlors, and ΣHCHs were in the range of <0.3-0.74 ng g(-1), <0.03-0.42 ng g(-1), <0.02-0.41 ng g(-1), <0.03-0.14 ng g(-1), and <0.03-0.06 ng g(-1), respectively, which were far below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) as established by FAO/WHO. These very low concentrations of OCPs residues in foodstuffs indicated that OCPs were used only in past time and no recent input into the environment. Furthermore, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of HCB, ΣDDTs, ΣDrins, ΣHeptachlors, and ΣHCHs in five group foodstuffs, which were 60% of total daily diet of Indonesian, were 0.09 ng kg(-1) bw d(-1), 0.04 ng kg(-1) bw d(-1), 0.01 ng kg(-1) bw d(-1), 0.003 ng kg(-1) bw d(-1), and 0.002 ng kg(-1) bw d(-1), respectively. These results were far below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) as established by FAO/WHO, which indicated that consumption of foodstuffs from Indonesia were at little risk to human health in term of OCPs at present.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Science for Industry, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Ehime, Japan. ahmadshoiful@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shoiful
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Katsuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D004032:Diet; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D007214:Indonesia; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010573:Pesticide Residues