title: Depression in epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of depression in persons with epilepsy (PWE) and the strength of association between these 2 conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MEDLINE (1948-2012), EMBASE (1980-2012), and PsycINFO (1806-2012) databases, reference lists of retrieved articles, and conference abstracts were searched. Content experts were also consulted. Two independent reviewers screened abstracts and extracted data. For inclusion, studies were population-based, original research, and reported on epilepsy and depression. Estimates of depression prevalence among PWE and of the association between epilepsy and depression (estimated with reported odds ratios [ORs]) are provided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 7,106 abstracts screened, 23 articles reported on 14 unique data sources. Nine studies reported on 29,891 PWE who had an overall prevalence of active (current or past-year) depression of 23.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 20.6%-28.31%). Five of the 14 studies reported on 1,217,024 participants with an overall OR of active depression of 2.77 (95% CI 2.09-3.67) in PWE. For lifetime depression, 4 studies reported on 5,454 PWE, with an overall prevalence of 13.0% (95% CI 5.1-33.1), and 3 studies reported on 4,195 participants with an overall OR of 2.20 (95% CI 1.07-4.51) for PWE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epilepsy was significantly associated with depression and depression was observed to be highly prevalent in PWE. These findings highlight the importance of proper identification and management of depression in PWE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Kirsten M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Fiest
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dykeman
authors.forename: Scott B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Patten
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wiebe
authors.forename: Gilaad G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Colleen J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: Andrew G M
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bulloch
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jette
mesh_terms: D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence