title: Expression of ghrelin receptor (GHSR-1a) in rat epididymal spermatozoa and the effects of its activation.
abstract: In this study we demonstrated the expression of the ghrelin receptor GHSR-1a in rat spermatids and epididymal spermatozoa, as well as some effects of ghrelin on the spermatozoa in vitro. For the demonstration of GHSR-1a the immunocytochemical, immunofluorescence and Western blotting techniques were applied using three different types of antibodies. The response of spermatozoa to ghrelin was tested in a series of in vitro experiments and their effects were evaluated using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. GHSR-1a protein was found as expressed in the Golgi and acrosomes of spermatids and acrosome regions or the head cell membrane of epididymal spermatozoa. The GHSR-1a expression in spermatozoa was also confirmed by Western blot. No differences were found in percentage of spermatozoa showing annexin-V binding and expression of active form caspase-3 between control and ghrelin-treated spermatozoa. This result may indicate no pro-apoptotic effects of ghrelin neither at 10(-9) nor 10(-6)mol/L concentration. Ghrelin (10(-6)mol/L) increased free intracellular calcium ion concentration in the rat spermatozoa. Moreover, stimulation with 10(-6)mol/L ghrelin increased, while 10(-4)mol/L ghrelin decreased the number of spermatozoa showing progressive motility. In conclusion, the expression of the GHSR-1a receptor in spermatozoa, as well as ghrelin influences on sperm motility and intracellular calcium ion concentration suggest that such biological effects of ghrelin may be produced under in vivo conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland. anluk@ump.edu.pl
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Łukaszyk
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kotwicka
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jankowska
authors.forename: Aldona
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kasprzak
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruciński
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sterzyńska
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ziółkowska
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sawiński
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruchala
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004822:Epididymis / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D054440:Receptors, Ghrelin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012670:Seminiferous Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin; C571124:Ghsr1a protein, rat; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D054440:Receptors, Ghrelin; D053148:Caspase 3