title: Relationship between endoscopic and histologic gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The severity of endoscopic gastric atrophy (EGA), high-stage Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) gastritis (i.e., stage III or IV), and extensive intestinal metaplasia (IM) with incomplete subtype have been separately reported as high-risk factors of gastric cancer (GC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between these endoscopic and pathologic characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted on 280 patients with functional dyspepsia at the University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Biopsies were taken according to the updated Sydney System. EGA was assessed according to the Kimura-Takemoto classification, and gastritis stage was assessed according to the OLGA system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of patients with high-stage OLGA gastritis (i.e., stage III or IV) clustered in the subgroup of patients with moderate-to-severe EGA: 13/126 (10.3%) in patients with moderate-to-severe EGA versus 0/154 (0%) in patients with none-to-mild EGA (p < .001). Moderate-to-severe EGA was also significantly associated with extensive IM (p < .001, OR = 28.1 (CI 95% 6.4-173.3)) and incomplete IM subtype (p < .001, OR = 36.7 (CI 95% 5.1-742.1). Extensive IM was also associated with incomplete IM subtype (p = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-stage OLGA gastritis, extensive IM with incomplete subtype clustered in patients with moderate-to-severe EGA. Assessing the severity of EGA could potentially help to identify patients who should be taken systemic biopsy for evaluating GC risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy, University Medical Center of Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. drquachtd@ump.edu.vn
authors.forename: Duc Trong
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Quach
authors.forename: Huy Minh
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiyama
authors.forename: Oanh Thuy
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Trung Sao
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uemura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005757:Gastritis, Atrophic / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005773:Gastroscopy; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult