title: Fig mosaic emaravirus p4 protein is involved in cell-to-cell movement.
abstract: Fig mosaic virus (FMV), a member of the newly formed genus Emaravirus, is a segmented negative-strand RNA virus. Each of the six genomic FMV segments contains a single ORF: that of RNA4 encodes the protein p4. FMV-p4 is presumed to be the movement protein (MP) of the virus; however, direct experimental evidence for this is lacking. We assessed the intercellular distribution of FMV-p4 in plant cells by confocal laser scanning microscopy and we found that FMV-p4 was localized to plasmodesmata and to the plasma membrane accompanied by tubule-like structures. A series of experiments designed to examine the movement functions revealed that FMV-p4 has the capacity to complement viral cell-to-cell movement, prompt GFP diffusion between cells, and spread by itself to neighbouring cells. Altogether, our findings demonstrated that FMV-p4 shares several properties with other viral MPs and plays an important role in cell-to-cell movement.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maejima
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Netsu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keima
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaji
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigetou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Namba
mesh_terms: D016960:Agrobacterium tumefaciens; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D005814:Genes, Viral; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010942:Plant Viruses / Q000502:physiology*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D031425:Plasmodesmata / Q000821:virology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; C054562:yellow fluorescent protein, Bacteria