title: Detection of DNA fragmentation in retinal apoptosis by TUNEL.
abstract: Terminal dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) is an invaluable technique used in the study of late-stage apoptosis. The technique is based upon detection of fragmented DNA, a well-recognized characteristic of apoptosis, usually with fluorescent markers. Here, we describe the TUNEL technique (1) employing two different detection techniques, fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (2) which can be applied to the analysis of apoptosis in retinal tissues or retinal cell cultures, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Tumour Biology Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Bioscience Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Doonan
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Cotter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004247:DNA