title: [Yeast colonization of urinary catheters and the significance of biofilm formation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Urinary catheters are colonized by a wide range of microorganisms, including numerous yeasts. The catheters are usually colonized by more microbial species forming a community - multispecies biofilm. Catheter colonization usually does not affect the patient's clinical status in any significant way. On the other hand, the biofilm can become a source of endogenous infection and its presence can affect functionality of the catheter and formation of urinary stones. Material a
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 721 urinary catheters were studied. Microorganisms were released from catheters by sonication and subsequently cultured. Their identification was performed with the use of common phenotypic tests, as well as using MALDI TOF. Yeasts whose identification was ambiguous were recognized by sequencing. Biofilm formation was assessed by growth in a microtiter plate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Yeast colonization was proved in 244 urinary catheters. However, a total of 274 yeast strains were isolated. Most of them occurred together with other yeast species and/or bacteria on the catheters, producing multispecies biofilm there. The most frequent species was Candida albicans (a total of 144 isolated strains), followed by Candida glabrata (41), Candida tropicalis (41) and Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto (14). Other isolated species were as follows: Candida kefyr (10), Candida krusei (9), Candida fabianii (6), Candida lusitaniae (5), Candida dubliniensis (3) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (one case). Most of the yeasts rather readily formed a firmly adhering biofilm layer on artificial surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Microbilological Department, Masaryk University and St. Anna's Hospital, Brno, e-mail: fruzic@fnusa.cz.
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Růžička
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Holá
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahelová
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Procházková
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development*; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000254:growth & development; D062885:Urinary Catheters / Q000382:microbiology*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology