title: Transmission routes for nipah virus from Malaysia and Bangladesh.
abstract: Human infections with Nipah virus in Malaysia and Bangladesh are associated with markedly different patterns of transmission and pathogenicity. To compare the 2 strains, we conducted an in vivo study in which 2 groups of ferrets were oronasally exposed to either the Malaysia or Bangladesh strain of Nipah virus. Viral shedding and tissue tropism were compared between the 2 groups. Over the course of infection, significantly higher levels of viral RNA were recovered from oral secretions of ferrets infected with the Bangladesh strain. Higher levels of oral shedding of the Bangladesh strain of Nipah virus might be a key factor in onward transmission in outbreaks among humans.
authors.affiliation: Commonwealth Scientifi c and Industrial Research Organisation Livestock Industries, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Bronwyn A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Clayton
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: Jemma
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergfeld
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haining
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arkinstall
authors.forename: Linfa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Glenn A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Marsh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D001459:Bangladesh; D002831:Choroid Plexus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004727:Endothelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004805:Ependyma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005289:Ferrets / Q000821:virology; D045464:Henipavirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D045405:Nipah Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019562:Viral Load; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral