title: Influence of nonpolar substances on the extraction efficiency of six alkaloids in Zoagumhwan investigated by ultra performance liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection.
abstract: A reverse phase ultra performance liquid chromatography and photodiode array (UPLC-PDA) detection method was established for the determination of six alkaloids in Zoagumhwan (ZGW), and further for investigating the influence of nonpolar substances on the extraction efficiency of these alkaloids. The method was based on a BEH C(18) (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column and mobile phase of aqueous phosphoric acid and acetonitrile including 0.05% buffer solution under gradient elution. ZGW samples of ZGW I, II, III and IV were obtained and prepared by pre-processing the crude materials of Coptidis rhizoma and Evodiae fructus using four technologies, namely direct water decoction, removal of nonpolar substances in Evodiae fructus by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), removal of nonpolar substances in ZGW by SFE and removal of nonpolar substances in ZGW by steam distillation. The developed and validated UPLC-PDA method was precise, accurate and sensitive enough based on the facts that the six alkaloids showed good regression (r > 0.9998), the limit of detections and quantifications for six alkaloids were less than 28.8 and 94.5 ng/mL, respectively, and the recovery was in the range of 98.56%-103.24%. The sequence of the total contents of six alkaloids in these samples was ZGW II > ZGW IV > ZGW III > ZGW I. ZGW II, in which nonpolar substances, including essential oils, were firstly removed from Evodiae fructus by SFE, had the highest content of the total alkaloids, indicating that extraction efficiency of the total alkaloids could be remarkably increased after Evodiae fructus being extracted by SFE.
authors.affiliation: China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Hongbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jiabo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ruisheng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Shengqiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Shijing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaohe
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D000089042:Coptis chinensis; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry*; D032086:Evodia / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010938:Plant Oils; C107393:Coptidis rhizoma extract