title: The perirhinal cortex of rats: an intricate area for microinfusion of anticonvulsants against soman-induced seizures.
abstract: Microinfusion of anticonvulsants into the perirhinal cortex through 1 guide cannula in each hemisphere only invades a small area of this seizure controlling site in rats exposed to soman. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether infusions made through 2 cannulas in each perirhinal cortex may produce more efficacious anticonvulsant action against soman intoxication than the use of 1 cannula only in rats infused with the ionotropic antagonists procyclidine and caramiphen or the metabotropic glutamate modulators DCG-IV and MPEP. The results showed that the mere presence of indwelling double cannulas caused proconvulsant effect in response to subsequent systemic administration of soman. Both the control and caramiphen groups with double cannulas had significantly shorter latencies to seizure onset than the corresponding groups with single cannula. Procyclidine resulted in anticonvulsant efficacy, even in rats with double cannulas. In rats that received twin infusions of DCG-IV or MPEP, the anticonvulsant impact was very high, inasmuch as a majority of the rats in each group was protected against seizure activity. Drugs possessing powerful anticonvulsant potency can apparently counteract the proconvulsant effect of double cannulas, and some can even gain enhanced anticonvulsant capacity when invading a larger area of the perirhinal cortex. Perirhinal EEG recordings (electrodes in indwelling cannulas) in a separate set of rats not exposed to soman or drugs showed no differences in basal electrical activity (total power 0.5-25Hz or the theta band 4-12Hz) between groups with single or double cannulas. The intrinsic excitability and synaptic connectivity of the perirhinal cortex may be associated with the proconvulsant impact observed in rats with double cannulas when exposed to soman.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Protection Division, PO Box 25, NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway. trond.myhrer@ffi.no
authors.forename: Trond
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Myhrer
authors.forename: Siri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Enger
authors.forename: Pål
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D058256:Brain Waves / Q000187:drug effects; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003521:Cyclopropanes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005998:Glycine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008297:Male; D008846:Micromanipulation; D011352:Procyclidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011930:Reaction Time; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012999:Soman; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D011725:Pyridines; C082313:2-(2,3-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine; C121465:6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine; D012999:Soman; C004519:caramiphen; D011352:Procyclidine; D005998:Glycine