title: Adiposity and glucose intolerance exacerbate components of metabolic syndrome in children consuming sugar-sweetened beverages: QUALITY cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is linked to weight gain and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components in children, but whether these associations are modified by excess weight and glucose tolerance status in children is not known.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to examine the cross-sectional associations between SSB intake and MetS components among children above and below the 85th body mass index (BMI) percentile and those with and without impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were from the QUébec Adiposity and Lifestyle InvesTigation in Youth study (2005-2008). Caucasian children aged 8-10 years (n = 632) were recruited from 1040 primary schools in Québec, Canada. SSB consumption was assessed by three 24-h dietary recalls, body fat mass by dual-energy absorptiometry, physical activity by 7-d accelerometer. Multivariate linear regressions were used, with age, sex, fat mass index and physical activity as covariates, including waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), concentrations of triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as outcome variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among overweight children, a 100-mL higher SSB consumption was associated with a 0.1-unit higher HOMA-IR (P = 0.009) and a 1.1-mm Hg higher SBP (P = 0.001). In children with IGT, a 100-mL higher SSB consumption was associated with a 1.4-mm Hg higher SBP and a 4.0-cm higher WC (P < 0.001). These associations were not observed among children <85th BMI percentile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the association between higher SSB consumption and MetS components is more evident in overweight/obese and glucose-intolerant children.
authors.affiliation: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mark
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Loughlin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wortman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paradis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gray-Donald
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004327:Drinking Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000503:physiopathology; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D011792:Quebec
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates