title: Efficacy of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) in the Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
abstract: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as an adjuvant treatment in patients with ADHD receiving methylphenidate as well as its side effects.
  
  
  
  This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 40 ADHD patients aged between 6 and 12 years. Both treatment and placebo groups received methylphenidate. Treatment arm also received omega-6 once daily. The Parent ADHD Rating Scale was used to evaluate disease improvement.
  
  
  
  The Parent ADHD Rating Scale scores of the two groups were similar at baseline. Although total score and scores of three categories decreased significantly in both groups, total score and scores of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity were not significantly different between the groups.
  
  
  
  The results did not support the efficacy of PUFA in the treatment of ADHD, and adding PUFAs to the therapeutic regimen of ADHD is not recommended at the moment.
authors.affiliation: 1 Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.|6 Department of Psychiatry, Imam Hossein Hospital and Behavioral Sciences Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Assareh
authors.affiliation: 2 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|6 Department of Psychiatry, Imam Hossein Hospital and Behavioral Sciences Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Rozita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davari Ashtiani
authors.affiliation: 2 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khademi
authors.affiliation: 3 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
authors.forename: Shima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jazayeri
authors.affiliation: 4 Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: 5 Farzan Clinical Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammadali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nikoo
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008774:Methylphenidate