title: Recent progress in elucidating signalling proteolytic pathways in muscle wasting: potential clinical implications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Muscle wasting prevails with disuse (bedrest and immobilisation) and is associated with many diseases (cancer, sepsis, diabetes, kidney failure, trauma, etc.). This results first in prolonged hospitalisation with associated high health-care costs and second and ultimately in increased morbidity and mortality. The precise characterisation of the signalling pathways leading to muscle atrophy is therefore particularly relevant in clinical settings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent major papers have identified highly complex intricate pathways of signalling molecules, which induce the transcription of the muscle-specific ubiquitin protein ligases MAFbx/Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 that are overexpressed in nearly all muscle wasting diseases. These signalling pathways have been targeted with success in animal models of muscle wasting. In particular, these findings have revealed a finely tuned crosstalk between both anabolic and catabolic processes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whether or not such strategies may be useful for blocking or at least limiting muscle wasting in weight losing and cachectic patients is becoming nowadays a very exciting clinical challenge.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Polge
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Néphrologie Réanimation Médicale, Pôle Respiratoire, Endocrinologie-Diabétologie, Urologie, Néphrologie-Dialyse, Nutrition Clinique, Infectiologie, Réanimation Médicale, Hygiène Hospitalière, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: A-E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Heng
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Combaret
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Béchet
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Taillandier
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. Electronic address: didier.attaix@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Attaix
mesh_terms: D001510:Bed Rest / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009124:Muscle Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex