title: Colostrum supplementation protects against exercise-induced oxidative stress in skeletal muscle in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examined the effects of bovine colostrum on exercise -induced modulation of antioxidant parameters in skeletal muscle in mice. Adult male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups (control, colostrum alone, exercise and exercise with colostrum) and each group had three subgroups (day 0, 21 and 42). Colostrum groups of mice were given a daily oral supplement of 50 mg/kg body weight of bovine colostrum and the exercise group of mice were made to exercise on the treadmill for 30 minutes per day. Total antioxidants, lipid hydroperoxides, xanthine oxidase and super oxide dismutase level was assayed from the homogenate of hind limb skeletal muscle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exercise-induced a significant oxidative stress in skeletal muscles as evidenced by the elevated lipid hydroperoxides and xanthine oxidase levels. There was a significant decrease in skeletal muscle total antioxidants and superoxide dismutase levels. Daily colostrum supplement significantly reduced the lipid hydroperoxides and xanthine oxidase enzyme level and increased the total antioxidant levels in the leg muscle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, the findings of this study showed that daily bovine colostrum supplementation was beneficial to skeletal muscle to reduce the oxidant-induced damage during muscular exercise.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports Science & Recreation, University Technology Mara, Shah Alam 40450, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mahenderan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Appukutty
authors.forename: Ammu Kutty
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Radhakrishnan
authors.forename: Kalavathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramasamy
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramasamy
authors.forename: Abu Bakar
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Abdul Majeed
authors.forename: Mohd Ismail
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Noor
authors.forename: Nik Shanita
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Safii
authors.forename: Poh Bee
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Koon
authors.forename: Karuthan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chinna
authors.forename: Nagaraja
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Haleagrahara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D003126:Colostrum / Q000737:chemistry*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase