title: PANK2 and C19orf12 mutations are common causes of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) constitutes a group of neurodegenerative disorders with pronounced iron deposition in the basal ganglia. PANK2 mutations are the most common cause of these disorders. C19orf12 was recently reported as another causative gene. We present phenotypic data and results of screening of PANK2 and C19orf12 in 11 unrelated Iranian NBIA patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Phenotypic data were obtained by neurologic examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and interviews. Mutation screening of PANK2 and C19orf12 was performed by sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PANK2 and C19orf12 mutations were found in 7 and 4 patients, respectively. Phenotypic comparisons suggest that C19orf12 mutations as compared with PANK2 mutations result in a milder disease course.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mutations in both PANK2 and C19orf12 contributed significantly to NBIA in the Iranian patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genetic analysis reported on a cohort of NBIA patients from the Middle East.
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mitra Ansari
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dezfouli
authors.forename: Afagh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alavi
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rohani
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezvani
authors.forename: Tayebeh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nekuie
authors.forename: Brandy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klotzle
authors.forename: Seyed Hasan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Tonekaboni
authors.forename: Gholam Ali
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Shahidi
authors.forename: Elahe
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Elahi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D020271:Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008877:Middle East / Q000453:epidemiology; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C568481:C19orf12 protein, human; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D007501:Iron; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C023088:pantothenate kinase