title: Microwave-assisted extraction and determination of citrus red 2 dye in oranges and orange juice by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: A fast, simple, low cost, and high-throughput method has been developed for the determination of citrus red 2 dye in orange and orange juice samples. The procedure is based on microwave-assisted extraction followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. The method was optimized, and the analyte was efficiently extracted from the samples in 30 min using hexane/acetone (v/v, 3 : 1). The method was validated and showed good linearity and selectivity. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were 5 μg/kg (sample size of 2 g) for both orange and orange juice samples. The average recoveries, measured at 3 concentration levels (5, 10, and 20 μg/kg), were in the range 77.5% to 87.6% for the compound tested with relative standard deviations below 7.3%. The proposed method is rapid, accurate, and could be utilized for the routine analysis of citrus red 2 dye in orange and orange juice samples.
authors.affiliation: Wenzhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of P.R.C, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhenou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Fuzhen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xiangzhun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D032084:Citrus sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000032:analysis*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D007211:Indoles / Q000032:analysis*; D008872:Microwaves; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C503267:2-(2-(2-chloro-3-(2-(3,3-dimethyl-5-sulfo-1-(4-sulfo-butyl)-3H-indol-2-yl)-vinyl)-cyclohex-2-enylidene)-ethylidene)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(4-sulfo-butyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-5-carboxylic acid; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D007211:Indoles