title: [Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: a vital need for an early diagnosis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (HDT) is exceptional in children. Its diagnosis is usually delayed for appearing in the context of severe polytrauma. The aim is to analyze our series in relation to the severity scores.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients with HDT are presented. Age, biomechanics, clinical, ISS (injury severity score), ITP (pediatric trauma index), GCS (Glasgow coma scale), RTS (Revised Trauma Score) and treatment were studied. The probability of survival (Ps) was calculated with the TRISS method, Ps = 1/(1 + eb), b = b0 + bl (RTS) + b2 (ISS) + B3 (age).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were two males and three females, mean age was six years old (range = 3-10). Traffic accident was the mechanism of the thoracoabdominal trauma in 80% and one was crushed by garage door. The affected side was right in two cases and left in three. Mean ISS was 41 (range = 32-57), ITP 6 (range = 2-9) and RTS 6.1 (range = 5.1 to 6.9). The main symptom was respiratory. Plain chest radiography was diagnostic in three patients, one by CT scann, and another was a finding at laparotomy. Two had liver herniation, one had tension gastrothorax and two had gastric perforations. All patients underwent surgery through the abdomen. Estimated survival by the TRISS method was respectively 86.6%, 78.2%, 57.2%, 84.7% and 57.1%, while the actual was 100%. One has a severe disability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To study the biomechanics and semiology is essential in the early diagnosis of TDH in pediatric polytrauma and suspect it is mandatory prior to realize percutaneous chest procedures. The TRISS method has a great importance to assess the adult polytrauma, but specific scores are needed for children.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid. carlosgeli@hotmail.com
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: De La Torre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miguel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vázquez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramírez
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barrena
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mariño
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lassaletta
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Tovar
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006549:Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies