title: Mortality of adult Stomoxys calcitrans fed isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis.
abstract: We examined the ability of five isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner to cause mortality in adult stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.). Isolates Bacillus thuringiensis tolworthi 4L3 (serotype 9), Bacillus thuringiensis darmstadiensis 4M1 (serotype 10a10b), Bacillus thuringiensis thompsoni 401 (serotype 12), Bacillus thuringiensis thuringiensis HD2 (serotype 1), and Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD945 (serotype 3a3b3c) were administered to adult flies in diets containing blood only, sugar only, and both sugar and blood combined. B. t. tolworthi 4L3 had no effect on adult mortality regardless of the feeding substrate. The remaining isolates tended to cause the greatest mortality when administered in blood alone. B. t. thompsoni 401 was the only isolate that consistently caused adult mortality when fed in blood at concentrations ranging from 0.21 to 50.0 microg of protein per ml of blood. This isolate also caused mortality when applied topically. The time to 50% mortality declined with dose and reached a lower asymptote at approximately equal to 1.3 d at an oral dose of 8.75 microg/ml and at a topical dose of 0.14 microg per fly.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada T1J 4B1. tim.lysyk@agr.gc.ca
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lysyk
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kalischuk-Tymensen
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Selinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000235:genetics*; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D004032:Diet; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D009117:Muscidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis