title: [Correlation of KRAS gene mutations and clinicopathologic parameters in colorectal carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between KRAS gene mutations and clinicopathological parameters in patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  PCR-based direct sequencing was used to detect the mutations of KRAS gene and to correlate between clinicopathological characteristics and the presence of various KRAS mutations in 244 cases of CRC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  KRAS mutations were identified in 92 cases (37.7%) of CRC. Five types of mutation were detected at codon 12, including G12D (40 cases, 16.4%), G12V (16 cases, 6.6%), G12A (7 cases, 2.9%), G12S (5 cases, 2.0%) and G12C (4 cases, 1.6%). Two types of mutation were detected at codon 13, including G13D (17 cases, 7.0%) and G13C (2 cases, 0.8%). One type of mutation was detected in codon 61, i.e. Q61K (1 case, 0.4%). KRAS mutation rate was higher in females (45.6%, 36/79) than in males (32.1%, 53/165; P < 0.05), but not related to another clinicopathological characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female CRC patients have a higher KRAS mutation rate than the male patients. KRAS mutation has no significant correlation with patient's age, tumor site, tumor gross appearance, degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, TNM stages, lymphatic invasion, abdominal or distant metastases and prognosis in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Ya-li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Li-xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003062:Codon; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins