title: Facial emotion recognition in borderline personality disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Emotion dysregulation represents a core symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Deficits in emotion perception are thought to underlie this clinical feature, although studies examining emotion recognition abilities in BPD have yielded inconsistent findings. Method The results of 10 studies contrasting facial emotion recognition in patients with BPD (n = 266) and non-psychiatric controls (n = 255) were quantitatively synthesized using meta-analytic techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with BPD were less accurate than controls in recognizing facial displays of anger and disgust, although their most pronounced deficit was in correctly identifying neutral (no emotion) facial expressions. These results could not be accounted for by speed/accuracy in the test-taking approach of BPD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with BPD have difficulties recognizing specific negative emotions in faces and may misattribute emotions to faces depicting neutral expressions. The contribution of state-related emotion perception biases to these findings requires further clarification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Daros
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Zakzanis
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ruocco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D010468:Perceptual Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012938:Social Perception; D055815:Young Adult