title: Decreasing intestinal parasites in recent Northern California refugees.
abstract: Beginning in 2005, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) expanded the overseas presumptive treatment of intestinal parasites with albendazole to include refugees from the Middle East. We surveyed the prevalence of helminths and protozoa in recent Middle Eastern refugees (2008-2010) in comparison with refugees from other geographical regions and from a previous survey (2001-2004) in Santa Clara County, California. Based on stool microscopy, helminth infections decreased, particularly in Middle Eastern refugees (0.1% versus 2.3% 2001-2004, P = 0.01). Among all refugees, Giardia intestinalis was the most common protozoan found. Protozoa infections also decreased somewhat in Middle Eastern refugees (7.2%, 2008-2010 versus 12.9%, 2001-2004, P = 0.08). Serology for Strongyloides stercoralis and Schistosoma spp. identified more infected individuals than stool exams. Helminth infections are increasingly rare in refugees to Northern California. Routine screening stool microscopy may be unnecessary in all refugees.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. achang2@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Alicia H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: Jenny N T
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Abdulkareem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agunbiade
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polesky
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parsonnet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007422:Intestines / Q000469:parasitology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008877:Middle East / Q000208:ethnology; D010272:Parasitic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D012036:Refugees; D055815:Young Adult