title: Activated human T cells secrete exosomes that participate in IL-2 mediated immune response signaling.
abstract: It has previously been shown that nano-meter sized vesicles (30-100 nm), exosomes, secreted by antigen presenting cells can induce T cell responses thus showing the potential of exosomes to be used as immunological tools. Additionally, activated CD3⁺ T cells can secrete exosomes that have the ability to modulate different immunological responses. Here, we investigated what effects exosomes originating from activated CD3⁺ T cells have on resting CD3⁺ T cells by studying T cell proliferation, cytokine production and by performing T cell and exosome phenotype characterization. Human exosomes were generated in vitro following CD3⁺ T cell stimulation with anti-CD28, anti-CD3 and IL-2. Our results show that exosomes purified from stimulated CD3⁺ T cells together with IL-2 were able to generate proliferation in autologous resting CD3⁺ T cells. The CD3⁺ T cells stimulated with exosomes together with IL-2 had a higher proportion of CD8⁺ T cells and had a different cytokine profile compared to controls. These results indicate that activated CD3⁺ T cells communicate with resting autologous T cells via exosomes.
authors.affiliation: University of Gothenburg, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wahlgren
authors.forename: Tanya De L
authors.initials: Tde L
authors.lastname: Karlson
authors.forename: Pernilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Glader
authors.forename: Esbjörn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Telemo
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Valadi
mesh_terms: D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex; D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2