title: Triterpenoid content of berries and leaves of bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus from Finland and Poland.
abstract: Triterpenoid compounds found in free and ester forms in extracts of entire fruits and leaves and in fruit and leaf cuticular waxes of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) collected in Finland and Poland were identified and quantitated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-MS/FID). The main bilberry triterpenoid profile consisted of α- and β-amyrin, α- and β-amyrenone, campesterol, cholesterol, citrostadienol (in berries), cycloartanol, erythrodiol, lupeol, 24-methylenecycloartanol, sitosterol, sitostanol, stigmasterol, stigmasta-3,5-dien-7-one, uvaol, oleanolic and ursolic aldehydes, and oleanolic, ursolic, 2α-hydroxyoleanolic, and 2α-hydroxyursolic acids. Friedelin and D:A-friedooleanan-3β-ol were found only in Finnish plants, whereas D:C-friedours-7-en-3β-ol and taraxasterol were found only in Polish plants. To our knowledge, this is the first thorough description of triterpenoid compounds in this species. The presented results revealed that the triterpenoid profile of bilberry varied considerably between different organs of the plant, regardless of the plant origin, as well as between plant samples obtained from the two geographical locations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, ul. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland. szakal@biol.uw.edu.pl
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szakiel
authors.forename: Cezary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pączkowski
authors.forename: Satu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huttunen
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D005387:Finland; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011044:Poland; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000032:analysis; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D029800:Vaccinium myrtillus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000094042:Lupanes
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D002784:Cholesterol; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D010840:Phytosterols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012855:Sitosterols; D014315:Triterpenes; C412810:2-hydroxyursolic acid; C077953:erythrodiol; C021273:campesterol; C073305:Vaccinium myrtillus extract; C060796:friedelin; D000094042:Lupanes; C021255:stigmastanol; C036380:beta-amyrin; C013330:uvaol