title: For the overweight, is proximity to in-shape, normal-weight exercisers a deterrent or an attractor? An examination of contextual preferences.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For the overweight, is the thought of exercising in close proximity to physically fit, normal-weight individuals a deterrent or an attractor? Efforts to address this question stand to inform future intervention-based research.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to examine whether overweight individuals possess a preference for exercising alongside similarly overweight (relative to in-shape, normalweight) persons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relying upon an experimental paradigm, American participants evaluated one of four exercise contexts and completed a measure of social physique anxiety.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overweight participants high in social physique anxiety exhibited a preference for exercise contexts comprised of other overweight individuals whereas overweight participants low in physique anxiety exhibited a preference for contexts comprised of in-shape, normal-weight individuals. A relative preference for social contexts among normal-weight participants was not observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the provision of group-based programs designed exclusively for the overweight may be appropriate for overweight individuals anxious about the evaluation of their physique. These results also suggest that such programs may conflict with the preferences of overweight persons with a low degree of social physique anxiety. Thus, for the overweight (but not the normal-weight), exercising in close proximity to in-shape, normal-weight individuals can be both a deterrent and an attractor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada, wdunlop@psych.ubc.ca.
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Dunlop
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmader
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D001828:Body Image / Q000523:psychology*; D001835:Body Weight; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000523:psychology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000523:psychology*; D016730:Program Development; D012931:Social Environment