title: Descriptive analysis of the respiratory health status of persons exposed to Libby amphibole asbestos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Describe respiratory health and quality of life in persons exposed to Libby amphibole asbestos (LAA) contaminated vermiculite.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional descriptive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Asbestos-related disease clinic in Libby, Montana USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  329 individuals exposed to LAA; mostly men, married, between 50 and 69 years; two-thirds lived in the surrounding county; one-third lived elsewhere in the state and USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chest radiograph (CXR), pulmonary function data and the St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure categories included vermiculite workers=7.6%; family/household contact of vermiculite worker=32%; and environmental exposure only=60%. Of the participants, 55% had only pleural abnormalities; 5.4% had only interstitial abnormalities; nearly 21% had both abnormalities and 18% had no lung abnormality on chest x-ray. Mean forced vital capacity (FVC) 95.3% (SD=18.7); forced expiratory volume (FEV(1)) mean 87% (SD=20.2); ratio of FEV1(1)/FVC 95.5% (SD=12.0); and diffusing capacity (DLCO) of 83% (SD=21.7) of the percent predicted. The mean total SGRQ (38.5; SD=22.1) indicated a lower quality of life than healthy persons and persons with other chronic conditions. SGRQ subscale means were Symptoms 52.1 (SD=24.9), activity 49.4 (SD=26.9) and impacts 27.5 (SD=21.9). Participants with normal CXR differed significantly from those with both interstitial and pleural abnormalities on total, activity and impacts scores. For activity alone, subjects with normal CXR differed significantly from those with pleural disease; no differences were found for those with interstitial disease. Significant findings were found for smoking history across all pulmonary measures, and for exposure status, radiographic findings, age and gender for select pulmonary parameters. Subjects with any smoking history had significantly worse average total and subscale scores on the SGRQ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Of 329 persons exposed to LAA, the majority (182) had pleural abnormalities identified on CXR. SGRQ scores for persons with abnormalities (pleural, interstitial or both) (269) differed significantly from those with a normal CXR.
authors.affiliation: Montana State University,  College of Nursing, Bozeman, Montana,  USA.
authors.forename: Charlene A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Winters
authors.forename: Wade G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rowse
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Sandra W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kuntz
authors.forename: Clarann
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weinert