title: Changes in male hormone profile after occupational organophosphate exposure. A longitudinal study.
abstract: There is a growing concern about the endocrine effects of long-term, low-level exposure to organophosphate (OP) compounds. Studies on experimental animals have found that OP pesticides have an impact on the endocrine system and a few clinical and epidemiological studies have also shown that OPs may affect the male hormone profile, although results are inconsistent. We have evaluated the effect of exposure to OP pesticides, measured through urinary levels of six dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites, on male hormone profile in 136 floriculture workers from the State of Mexico and Morelos during two agricultural periods with different degree of pesticide exposure. Generalized estimated equations (GEE) models were developed and adjusted for several potential confounders, including PON1 enzyme activity, as a biomarker of susceptibility, and serum levels of p,p'-DDE, a metabolite of the pesticide DDT widely used in Mexico until 1999 for control of agricultural pests and malaria. Exposure of male floriculture workers to OP pesticides was associated with increased serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin and with decreased serum testosterone and inhibin B levels. Among all DAPs tested, only DETP was inversely associated with luteinizing hormone (LH). Estradiol showed a marginally significant positive trend with DEP and DETP derivatives. In conclusion, OP pesticides may have an impact on the endocrine function because of their potential to modify the male hormone profile as a function of the type of pesticide used as well as the magnitude of exposure.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Public Health Research (CSISP), Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Garduño
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lacasaña
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blanco-Muñoz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Barranco
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bassol
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: González-Alzaga
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cebrián
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000383:Agriculture; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000097:blood; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D042341:Gonadal Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007265:Inhibins / Q000097:blood; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D062025:Organophosphate Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000652:urine; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D042341:Gonadal Hormones; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; C422364:inhibin B; D013739:Testosterone; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D004958:Estradiol; D007265:Inhibins; D011388:Prolactin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human