title: The Seamless Transfer-of-Care Protocol: a randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of an electronic transfer-of-care communication tool.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The transition between acute care and community care represents a vulnerable period in health care delivery. The vulnerability of this period has been attributed to changes to patients' medication regimens during hospitalization, failure to reconcile discrepancies between admission and discharge and the burdening of patients/families to take over care responsibilities at discharge and to relay important information to the primary care physician. Electronic communication platforms can provide an immediate link between acute care and community care physicians (and other community providers), designed to ensure consistent information transfer. This study examines whether a transfer-of-care (TOC) communication tool is efficacious and cost-effective for reducing hospital readmission, adverse events and adverse drug events as well as reducing death.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial conducted on the Medical Teaching Unit of a Canadian tertiary care centre will evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a TOC communication tool. Medical in-patients admitted to the unit will be considered for this study. Data will be collected upon admission, and a total of 1400 patients will be randomized. The control group's acute care stay will be summarized using a traditional dictated summary, while the intervention group will have a summary generated using the TOC communication tool. The primary outcome will be a composite, at 3 months, of death or readmission to any Alberta acute-care hospital. Secondary outcomes will be the occurrence of post-discharge adverse events and adverse drug events at 1 month post discharge. Patients with adverse outcomes will have their cases reviewed by two Royal College certified internists or College-certified family physicians, blinded to patients' group assignments, to determine the type, severity, preventability and ameliorability of all detected adverse outcomes. An accompanying economic evaluation will assess the cost per life saved, cost per readmission avoided and cost per QALY gained with the TOC communication tool compared to traditional dictation summaries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper outlines the study protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating an electronic transfer-of-care communication tool, with sufficient statistical power to assess the impact of the tool on the significant outcomes of post-discharge death or readmission. The study findings will inform health systems around the world on the potential benefits of such tools, and the value for money associated with their widespread implementation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01402609.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, W21C Research and Innovation Centre, Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada. bmokonie@gmail.com
authors.forename: Barbara M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Okoniewska
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.forename: Jayna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Holroyd-Leduc
authors.forename: Ward
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Flemons
authors.forename: Maeve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Beirne
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Clement
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Ghali
mesh_terms: D003142:Communication; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D006304:Health Status; D006751:Hospital Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D059065:Medication Reconciliation / Q000379:methods; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000191:economics; D011788:Quality of Life; D018401:Sample Size; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers