title: Optimization of carbon source for hairy root growth and withaferin A and withanone production in Withania somnifera.
abstract: This study optimized carbon sources in half MS liquid medium for maximum biomass accumulation and withanolides production in hairy root culture of Withania somnifera. The highest production of withaferin A and withanone was achieved when sucrose and sucrose+glucose were used individually as carbon sources. The hairy root suspension culture supplemented with a lower level of sucrose (2%) favored hairy root biomass accumulation (1.41 g DW) followed by sucrose+glucose (2+1) when compared with other carbon sources in half MS liquid medium after 40 days of culture. The hairy roots grown on sucrose (4%) enriched half MS liquid medium stimulated higher production of withaferin A (2.21 mg/g DW) and withanone (2.41 mg/g DW) on the 40th day of culture, followed by sucrose+glucose (4+1%) compared with glucose, fructose, maltose and other combinations tested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620-024, India.
authors.forename: Ganeshan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sivanandhan
authors.forename: Manoharan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajesh
authors.forename: Muthukrishnan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arun
authors.forename: Murugaraj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jeyaraj
authors.forename: Gnanajothi Kapil
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Dev
authors.forename: Markandan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manickavasagam
authors.forename: Natesan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Selvaraj
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ganapathi
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018533:Biomass; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003470:Culture Media; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D032341:Withania / Q000737:chemistry*; D054358:Withanolides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D002241:Carbohydrates; D003470:Culture Media; D014315:Triterpenes; D054358:Withanolides; D013395:Sucrose; D002244:Carbon; C560597:withanone; C009684:withaferin A