title: Risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage differ according to hemorrhage location.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Risk factors have been described for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); their relative contribution to lobar vs nonlobar hemorrhage location is less clear. Our purpose here was to investigate risk factors by hemorrhage location.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study prospectively enrolled subjects with first-ever spontaneous ICH and matched each with up to 3 controls by age, race, and gender. Conditional stepwise logistic regression modeling was used to determine significant independent risk factors for lobar and nonlobar ICH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From December 1997 through December 2006, 597 cases and 1,548 controls qualified for the analysis. Hypertension, warfarin use, first-degree relative with ICH, personal history of ischemic stroke, less than a high school education, and APOE ε2 or ε4 genotype were more common in ICH cases. Hypercholesterolemia and moderate alcohol consumption (≤ 2 drinks per day) were less common in ICH cases. The associations of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were specific for nonlobar ICH. Conversely, the association of APOE ε2 or ε4 genotype was specific for lobar ICH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  APOE ε2 or ε4 genotype was associated specifically with lobar ICH. Hypertension was associated specifically with nonlobar ICH. A protective association was seen between hypercholesterolemia and nonlobar ICH; no such association was identified for lobar ICH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Sharyl R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Matthew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Flaherty
authors.forename: W Mark
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haverbusch
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Comeau
authors.forename: Laura R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Sauerbeck
authors.forename: Brett M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kissela
authors.forename: Ranjan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deka
authors.forename: Dawn O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Kleindorfer
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Moomaw
authors.forename: Joseph P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Broderick
authors.forename: Carl D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Langefeld
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Woo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D053329:Apolipoprotein E2 / Q000235:genetics; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D053329:Apolipoprotein E2