title: Inflammation and diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis: myeloid cell mediators.
abstract: Monocytes and macrophages respond to and govern inflammation by producing a plethora of inflammatory modulators, including cytokines, chemokines, and arachidonic acid (C20:4)-derived lipid mediators. One of the most prevalent inflammatory diseases is cardiovascular disease, caused by atherosclerosis, and accelerated by diabetes. Recent research has demonstrated that monocytes/macrophages from diabetic mice and humans with type 1 diabetes show upregulation of the enzyme, acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1), which promotes C20:4 metabolism, and that ACSL1 inhibition selectively protects these cells from the inflammatory and proatherosclerotic effects of diabetes, in mice. Increased understanding of the role of ACSL1 and other culprits in monocytes/macrophages in inflammation and diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis offers hope for new treatment strategies to combat diabetic vascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Jenny E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kanter
authors.forename: Karin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Bornfeldt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000209:etiology*; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015777:Eicosanoids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid