title: Biosorption of synthetic dyes (Direct Red 89 and Reactive Green 12) as an ecological refining step in textile effluent treatment.
abstract: With the use of cost-effective natural materials, biosorption is considered as an ecological tool that is applied worldwide for the remediation of pollution. In this study, we proposed Lemna gibba biomass (LGB), a lignocellulosic sorbent material, for the removal of two textile dyes, Direct Red 89 (DR-89) and Reactive Green 12 (RG-12). These azo dyes commonly used in dying operations of natural and synthetic fibres are the most important pollutants produced in textile industry effluents. For this purpose, batch biosorption experiments were carried out to assess the efficacy of LGB on dye treatment by evaluating the effect of contact time, biomass dosage, and initial dye concentration. The results indicated that the bioremoval efficiency of 5 mg L(-1) DR-89 and RG-12 reached approximately 100 % after 20 min of the exposure time; however, the maximum biosorption of 50 mg L(-1) DR-89 and 15 mg L(-1) RG-12 was determined to be about 60 and 47 %, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy used to explain the sorption mechanism showed that the functional groups of carboxylic acid and hydroxyl played a major role in the retention of these pollutants on the biomass surface. The modelling results using Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, Elovich, and Dubini Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms demonstrated that the DR-89 biosorption process was better described with the Langmuir theory (R (2) =0.992) while the RG-12 biosorption process fitted well by the D-R isotherm equation (R (2) =0.988). The maximum biosorption capacity was found to be 20.0 and 115.5 mg g(-1) for DR-89 and RG-12, respectively, showing a higher ability of duckweed biomass for the bioremoval of the green dye. The thermodynamic study showed that the dye biosorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The efficacy of using duckweed biomass for the bioremoval of the two dyes was limited to concentrations ≤50 mg L(-1), indicating that L. gibba biomass may be suitable in the refining step of textile effluent treatment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Badji Mokhtar University, P.O. Box 12, 23000, Annaba, Algeria.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guendouz
authors.forename: Nabila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khellaf
authors.forename: Mostefa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zerdaoui
authors.forename: Moussa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ouchefoun
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D029064:Araceae / Q000737:chemistry; D018533:Biomass; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004463:Ecology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D007700:Kinetics; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013783:Textile Industry; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007220:Industrial Waste