title: When concealed handgun licensees break bad: criminal convictions of concealed handgun licensees in Texas, 2001-2009.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We explored differences in criminal convictions between holders and nonholders of a concealed handgun license (CHL) in Texas.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) provides annual data on criminal convictions of holders and nonholders of CHLs. We used 2001 to 2009 DPS data to investigate the differences in the distribution of convictions for these 2 groups across 9 types of criminal offenses. We calculated z scores for the differences in the types of crimes for which CHL holders and nonholders were convicted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CHL holders were much less likely than nonlicensees to be convicted of crimes. Most nonholder convictions involved higher-prevalence crimes (burglary, robbery, or simple assault). CHL holders' convictions were more likely to involve lower-prevalence crimes, such as sexual offenses, gun offenses, or offenses involving a death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results imply that expanding the settings in which concealed carry is permitted may increase the risk of specific types of crimes, some quite serious in those settings. These increased risks may be relatively small. Nonetheless, policymakers should consider these risks when contemplating reducing the scope of gun-free zones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA. phillipscd@srph.tamhsc.edu
authors.forename: Charles D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Obioma
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nwaiwu
authors.forename: Darcy K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: McMaughan Moudouni
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Szu-hsuan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D003415:Crime / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005389:Firearms / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006708:Homicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008004:Licensure / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D011640:Public Policy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013781:Texas; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data