title: The effect of sorafenib in postoperative adhesion formation in a rat uterine horn model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postoperative adhesions are a serious problem. In this study, we aimed to observe the effects of sorafenib in postoperative adhesions and, to examine the effects of sorafenib on tissue levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty female Wistar albino rats were randomized into two equal groups; sorafenib group (sorafenib treated) and control group; then all rats underwent laparotomy. Adhesions were developed by scalping on the anti-mesenteric surfaces of the right uterine horns. After 14 days, adhesions were investigated by using macroscopic, histopathological and immunohistochemical (for VEGF and PDGF) methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sorafenib group had lower scores of total adhesions [1 (0-2.5) vs 1.5 (1-4); p: 0.037], staining of VEGF [1 (0-1) vs 1 (1-3); p: 0.029] and PDGF [1 (0-2) vs 2 (1-3); p: 0.006], and vascular proliferation [1 (0-2) vs 2 (1-3); p: 0.038] than the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of the present study show that sorafenib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, significantly reduced postoperative adhesion formation. This effect may be explained by inhibition of VEGF, PDGF, and thus vascular proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey. abdullahboztosunyrd@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boztosun
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Altun
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiliçkap
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gulturk
authors.forename: I I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Müderris
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yanik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077157:Sorafenib; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014599:Uterus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases