title: Sleep habits, mental health, and the metabolic syndrome in law enforcement officers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association of sleep characteristics and mental health with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in law enforcement officers (LEOs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sleep duration (≤6, >6-<8, ≥8 hours/night), sleep quality ("good," "poor"), mental health (stress, burnout, depression), and MetS components were compared in 106 LEOs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MetS was 33%. After covariate adjustment including the mental health measures, long sleep duration was associated with MetS (odds ratio = 4.89, 95% confidence interval = 1.32 to 18.13), whereas sleep quality was not. LEOs with short sleep duration or poor sleep quality reported more stress, burnout, and depression symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In LEOs, sleep duration is more strongly associated with the occurrence of MetS than sleep quality, independent of mental health. Nevertheless, short sleep duration and poor sleep quality may affect mental health in LEOs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Hyelim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Warren D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Franke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002055:Burnout, Professional; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007484:Iowa; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016272:Occupational Health; D016495:Police / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult