title: Accumulation of heavy metals in edible parts of vegetables irrigated with waste water and their daily intake to adults and children, District Mardan, Pakistan.
abstract: Green vegetable crops irrigated with wastewater are highly contaminated with heavy metals and are the main source of human exposure to the contaminants. In this study accumulation of eight heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr, Fe, Mn, Co and Pb) in green vegetables like Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum melongena, irrigated with wastewater in Mardan are studied using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer. The studied metals in vegetable grown on wastewater irrigated soil were significantly higher than those of tube well water irrigated soil and WHO/FAO permissible limits (P<0.05). The most heavily contaminated vegetable was wastewater irrigated A. cepa, where the accumulation of Mn (28.05 mg kg(-1)) in the edible parts was 50-fold greater than A. cepa irrigated with tube well water irrigated soil. It may be concluded that both adults and children consuming these vegetables grown in wastewater irrigated soil ingest significant amount of these metals and thus can cause serious health problems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan. noorulamin_xyz@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Noor-ul
authors.initials: NU
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: Anwar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Sidra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alamzeb
authors.forename: Shumaila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Begum
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D057914:Agricultural Irrigation; D002648:Child; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D010154:Pakistan; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012722:Sewage; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical