title: Novel application of statistical methods to identify new urinary incontinence risk factors.
abstract: Longitudinal data for studying urinary incontinence (UI) risk factors are rare. Data from one study, the hallmark Medical, Epidemiological, and Social Aspects of Aging (MESA), have been analyzed in the past; however, repeated measures analyses that are crucial for analyzing longitudinal data have not been applied. We tested a novel application of statistical methods to identify UI risk factors in older women. MESA data were collected at baseline and yearly from a sample of 1955 men and women in the community. Only women responding to the 762 baseline and 559 follow-up questions at one year in each respective survey were examined. To test their utility in mining large data sets, and as a preliminary step to creating a predictive index for developing UI, logistic regression, generalized estimating equations (GEEs), and proportional hazard regression (PHREG) methods were used on the existing MESA data. The GEE and PHREG combination identified 15 significant risk factors associated with developing UI out of which six of them, namely, urinary frequency, urgency, any urine loss, urine loss after emptying, subject's anticipation, and doctor's proactivity, are found most highly significant by both methods. These six factors are potential candidates for constructing a future UI predictive index.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Road, Rochester, MI 48309, USA.
authors.forename: Theophilus O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Ogunyemi
authors.forename: Mohammad-Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Siadat
authors.forename: Suzan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arslanturk
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Killinger
authors.forename: Ananias C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Diokno