title: An automatic critical care urine meter.
abstract: Nowadays patients admitted to critical care units have most of their physiological parameters measured automatically by sophisticated commercial monitoring devices. More often than not, these devices supervise whether the values of the parameters they measure lie within a pre-established range, and issue warning of deviations from this range by triggering alarms. The automation of measuring and supervising tasks not only discharges the healthcare staff of a considerable workload but also avoids human errors in these repetitive and monotonous tasks. Arguably, the most relevant physiological parameter that is still measured and supervised manually by critical care unit staff is urine output (UO). In this paper we present a patent-pending device that provides continuous and accurate measurements of patient's UO. The device uses capacitive sensors to take continuous measurements of the height of the column of liquid accumulated in two chambers that make up a plastic container. The first chamber, where the urine inputs, has a small volume. Once it has been filled it overflows into a second bigger chamber. The first chamber provides accurate UO measures of patients whose UO has to be closely supervised, while the second one avoids the need for frequent interventions by the nursing staff to empty the container.
authors.affiliation: Department of Information and Communications Systems Engineering, University San Pablo CEU, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain. abraham.otero@usc.es
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otero
authors.forename: Roemi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Apalkov
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Armada
mesh_terms: D001331:Automation; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D062885:Urinary Catheters; D014554:Urination; D059349:Urine Specimen Collection / Q000295:instrumentation*