title: Fiber-based tissue engineering: Progress, challenges, and opportunities.
abstract: Tissue engineering aims to improve the function of diseased or damaged organs by creating biological substitutes. To fabricate a functional tissue, the engineered construct should mimic the physiological environment including its structural, topographical, and mechanical properties. Moreover, the construct should facilitate nutrients and oxygen diffusion as well as removal of metabolic waste during tissue regeneration. In the last decade, fiber-based techniques such as weaving, knitting, braiding, as well as electrospinning, and direct writing have emerged as promising platforms for making 3D tissue constructs that can address the abovementioned challenges. Here, we critically review the techniques used to form cell-free and cell-laden fibers and to assemble them into scaffolds. We compare their mechanical properties, morphological features and biological activity. We discuss current challenges and future opportunities of fiber-based tissue engineering (FBTE) for use in research and clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Department and McGill University, Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada H3A 0G1.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamayol
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akbari
authors.forename: Nasim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Annabi
authors.forename: Arghya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khademhosseini
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Juncker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds