title: Gender and racial differences for suicide attempters and ideators in a high-risk community corrections population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Community corrections populations are a high-risk group who carry multiple suicide risk factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify factors correlated with historical suicide attempts and ideation among African-American men, African-American women, White men, and White women in a community corrections population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-report data from 18,753 enrollees in community corrections were analyzed. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between historical suicidal ideation and attempts among the four demographic groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants with historical suicide attempts tended to be younger, White, female, be taking psychotropic medication, have a history of physical or sexual abuse, and meet criteria for dependence on alcohol, amphetamines, cocaine, opioids, or sedatives. Five variables were commonly associated with suicide attempts for all four race/gender groups: younger age, being on disability or retirement, taking psychotropic medication, history of sexual or physical abuse, and cocaine dependence. Other demographic variables had race or gender specificities as risk factors for suicide attempts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Participants had high rates of historical suicide attempts with unique correlates differentiating attempters from ideators among different racial and gender groups. Cocaine dependence was universal predictor of suicide attempts, while other substance dependencies show specific racial and gender profiles associated with suicide attempts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35209, USA
authors.forename: Cheryl B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: McCullumsmith
authors.forename: C Brendan
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: Jessaka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fife
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Cropsey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054523:Adult Survivors of Child Abuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D057237:Criminals / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D013405:Suicide / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult