title: Fractional CO2 laser: a novel therapeutic device for refractory necrobiosis lipoidica.
abstract: Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is a granulomatous skin disease of uncertain pathogenesis. Many therapeutic approaches have been reported in the literature, but none of them can be considered the gold standard. Fractional CO(2)  laser treatment shows peculiar effects in the skin, mainly due to its ability of modulating cytokine pathways of tissue-repairing mechanisms. Thus, we propose fractional CO(2)  laser in the management of refractory necrobiosis lipoidica in selected recalcitrant patients.
authors.affiliation: g.buggiani@gmail.com
authors.forename: Gionata
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buggiani
authors.forename: Dionigi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsampau
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krysenka
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Giorgi
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hercogová
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D054020:Lasers, Gas / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009262:Nails / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009335:Necrobiosis Lipoidica / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*