title: Mothers' experiences expressing breast milk for their preterm infants: does NICU design make a difference?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined differences in outcomes of provision of mothers' milk before and after implementation of a single-family room (SFR) neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and described issues related to long-term milk expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample included 40 mothers (15 in the original NICU and 25 in the SFR NICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive comparative.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mothers were recruited 2 months before and 3 months after opening an SFR NICU. Nutritional data were collected throughout hospitalization. Mothers used a milk expression diary during hospitalization and completed a survey, "My Experiences With Milk Expression" immediately before infant discharge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-five percent of mothers planned to express breast milk or breastfeed before delivery. The majority of the mothers (55%) were most comfortable pumping in their own homes because of the increased privacy. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups regarding the place where they were most comfortable pumping or where they usually pumped, although more mothers pumped in their babies' rooms in the SFR NICU. The majority of the mothers reported concern about their milk supply at some time during hospitalization and 47.5% reported having breast problems. At discharge, 71.8% of the total group was providing some breast milk and 44.7% of the total group was providing breast milk exclusively. There were no significant differences between the groups in outcomes concerning the provision of breast milk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individual mother's needs for privacy need to be determined and interventions to support mothers' feeding plans throughout hospitalization and at discharge need to be developed.
authors.affiliation: Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. dad10@case.edu
authors.forename: Donna A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dowling
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Blatz
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Graham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001903:Bottle Feeding; D001942:Breast Feeding; D061186:Breast Milk Expression / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006749:Hospital Design and Construction; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D010362:Patients' Rooms; D018907:Privacy; D055815:Young Adult