title: Fertilizer use and self-reported respiratory and dermal symptoms among tree planters.
abstract: In British Columbia, some tree planting operations require workers to fertilize planted seedlings with polymer-coated nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizers. This study examined respiratory and dermal health associated with fertilizer exposure among tree planters. We interviewed 223 tree planters using an adapted version of the American Thoracic Society questionnaire supplemented with questions on dermal health. Subjects were grouped by categories of increasing duration of exposure, with workers who had not worked with fertilizer as a reference group. The relationship between exposure and reported work-related symptoms was analyzed using logistic regression, adjusting for age, cumulative tobacco cigarettes smoked, marijuana smoking status, sex, and exposure to abrasive spruce needles. An elevated odds ratio was seen for work-related cough, phlegm, nasal symptoms, nosebleed, and skin rash in the highest exposure group (>37 days of fertilizer use in the past 2 years) but was significant only for phlegm (odds ratio = 3.59, 95% confidence interval = 1.10-11.70). Trends of increasing odds ratios with increasing exposure were seen for cough, phlegm, nasal symptoms, and skin rash. The results suggest a weak association between respiratory and dermal irritation and work with fertilizer. Results highlight the need for further exposure monitoring within the tree planting industry, and larger studies to investigate the relationship between work with fertilizer and respiratory and dermal health symptoms. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene for the following free supplemental resource: a PDF file containing a respiratory and dermal health questionnaire.].
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK. Melanie.GormanNg@iom-world.org
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorman Ng
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stjernberg
authors.forename: Mieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koehoorn
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Demers
authors.forename: Meghan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winters
authors.forename: Hugh W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000416:Alberta / Q000453:epidemiology; D001955:British Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016468:Forestry; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014197:Trees; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D012989:Soil Pollutants