title: Three-dimensional echocardiography in the electrophysiology laboratory.
abstract: The use of three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) during electrophysiology (EP) procedures is the end product of years of growth in two diverse cardiology subspecialties; namely, advanced cardiac imaging and the EP. During the past decade, progress in both fields has resulted in many important advances that have culminated in their union for a new area of growth and development. Imaging advances have provided the cardiovascular specialist with enhanced cardiac volume and function data, and more recently, 3DE capabilities with improved spatial and temporal resolution providing unprecedented spatial relationships. This latter development is valued by EP specialists in need of hitherto never required anatomic knowledge as they press forward with extraordinary expansion in their capabilities. It makes sense that by combining these two rapidly growing subspecialties, future capabilities in patient care may be achieved that would otherwise not be possible. This paper discusses the value of 3DE during EP procedures and offers the readers insight into this novel multispecialty hybrid arena. Using this model as a template, it is likely that the readers may identify other areas within their practices where periprocedural advanced imaging may afford significant dividends in patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Penn State University and Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Talal
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moukabary
authors.forename: Francesco F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Faletra
authors.forename: Itzhak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kronzon
authors.forename: Walker
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Vincent L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Sorrell
mesh_terms: D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D005544:Forecasting; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans