title: Growth hormone and cell growth.
abstract: Growth hormone (GH) promotes stem cell activation, cell proliferation, differentiation and survival, either directly or through the induction of IGF-1. GH acts via its cell membrane receptor to initiate a range of signalling pathways, with JAK2 kinase activation of STAT5 being the most important. The transcription factor STAT5 acts to induce expression of the key growth mediator, IGF-1, but also regulates the expression of a host of other genes, some of which are important growth regulators. In addition to its signalling from the cell membrane, the GH receptor translocates to the nucleus in a GH-dependent manner, where it regulates the expression of other cell growth-related genes, and sensitises the cell to the proliferative action of GH.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld., Australia. m.waters@uq.edu.au
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008954:Models, Biological; D011247:Pregnancy; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D013006:Growth Hormone