title: Prostate 3T-MR spectroscopic imaging without an endorectal surface coil using the MLEV-PRESS sequence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine to what extent we could identify the metabolism product peak using 3-T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the prostate gland in healthy volunteers by combining an external array coil with Malcolm Levitt composite-pulse decoupling sequence (MLEV)-point-resolved spatially localized spectroscopy (PRESS).
  
  
  METHODS
  MRSI data were obtained from the entire prostate gland in six healthy volunteers. The heights of the choline, citrate peaks and the standard deviation (SD) of the noise in each voxel were calculated. When the choline and/or citrate peak in a voxel exceeded 3 SD, the peak was clearly identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clear citrate peak rate in the peripheral zone (PZ) and the central gland (CG) were 78.8 and 70.3 %, respectively. The clear choline peak rate in the PZ and the CG were 55.4 and 44.9 %, respectively. In addition, the clear peak rates for both citrate and choline in the PZ and the CG were 51.8 and 38.6 %. Therefore, in the entire prostate gland, 75.2 % had a clear citrate peak, 51.1 % had a clear choline peak, and 46.3 % had both citrate and choline peaks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The citrate peak was clearly detected in 75.2 % of the voxels by this technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya, P.O. Box 00693-8501, Izumo, Japan. yosizako@med.shimane-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshizako
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sumura
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igawa
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitagaki
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uike
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008082:Lipotropic Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002614:Chelating Agents; D008082:Lipotropic Agents; D019343:Citric Acid; D002794:Choline