title: Tumor necrosis factor-α gene polymorphisms in Korean patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the contribution of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene polymorphisms to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). The study participants consisted of 357 Korean women with RSA and 236 fertile women controls. Four TNF-α gene variants of all participants were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. The TNF-α -1031T>C and TNF-α -238G>A variants increased the risk of RSA TNF-α -1031TC+CC; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.292; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.547-3.395; P < .001; TNF-α -238GA+AA; AOR, 2.327; 95% CI, 1.038-5.217; P = .040), and these data were not different in a stratified analysis according to the number of consecutive spontaneous abortions. Also, the mutant genotypes of TNF-α -1031 and TNF-α -238 showed synergistic effects on increased RSA risk (-1031TC+CC/-238GA+AA; AOR, 4.054; 95% CI, 1.520-10.812; P = .005). In haplotype analysis, there were similar trends of data for combination analysis. In conclusion, the TNF-α -1031T>C and TNF-α -238G>A variants are possible genetic risk factors for RSA.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea.
authors.forename: Bo Eun
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Ji Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Ji Hyang
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Hee
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Yong Wook
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Sung Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Woo Sik
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam Keun
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha