title: Weather and mortality: a 10 year retrospective analysis of the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Burkina Faso.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A growing body of evidence points to the emission of greenhouse gases from human activity as a key factor in climate change. This in turn affects human health and wellbeing through consequential changes in weather extremes. At present, little is known about the effects of weather on the health of sub-Saharan African populations, as well as the related anticipated effects of climate change partly due to scarcity of good quality data. We aimed to study the association between weather patterns and daily mortality in the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) area during 1999-2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Meteorological data were obtained from a nearby weather station in the Nouna HDSS area and linked to mortality data on a daily basis. Time series Poisson regression models were established to estimate the association between the lags of weather and daily population-level mortality, adjusting for time trends. The analyses were stratified by age and sex to study differential population susceptibility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found profound associations between higher temperature and daily mortality in the Nouna HDSS, Burkina Faso. The short-term direct heat effect was particularly strong on the under-five child mortality rate. We also found independent coherent effects and strong associations between rainfall events and daily mortality, particularly in elderly populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mortality patterns in the Nouna HDSS appear to be closely related to weather conditions. Further investigation on cause-specific mortality, as well as on vulnerability and susceptibility is required. Studies on local adaptation and mitigation measures to avoid health impacts from weather and climate change is also needed to reduce negative effects from weather and climate change on population health in rural areas of the sub-Saharan Africa.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso. dibouloeric@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diboulo
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sié
authors.forename: Joacim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rocklöv
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niamba
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yé
authors.forename: Cheik
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bagagnan
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sauerborn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002050:Burkina Faso / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D057231:Climate Change / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D017752:Greenhouse Effect / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011891:Rain; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D013696:Temperature; D014887:Weather; D055815:Young Adult