title: Neurodevelopmental fetal assessment using KANET scoring system in low and high risk pregnancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess and compare fetal behavior and neurodevelopment (KANET) between low and high risk pregnancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, comparative, cohort study. One hundred and fifty-two consecutive pregnant women presenting for routine 2nd trimester and 3rd trimester scan had four dimensional ultrasound examinations (4D US) in order to assess fetal behavior and neurodevelopment. This was achieved by the study of: (1) isolated head movements, (2) isolated hand movements, (3) isolated leg movements, (4) cranial sutures, (5) hand to face/head movements, (6) finger movements, (7) yawning - mouthing, (8) facial expressions, (9) isolated eye blinking, (10) "Gestalt" perception. According to the maternal background risk, the population of the study was classified in low risk pregnancies (n = 78) and high risk pregnancies (n = 74) with IUGR fetuses (n = 12), diabetes mellitus (n = 24), and pre-eclampsia (n = 38).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The neurodevelopmental score was statistically significant higher in the low risk group compared to the high risk group (p < 0.0004). The diabetes subgroup score was statistically significantly higher compared to the IUGR and the pre-eclampsia subgroup (p = 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The neurodevelopment fetal assessment by 4D ultrasound appears to be a feasible technique in the evaluation of high risk pregnancies. Further studies where any association between KANET score and neurological outcome of the childhood are warranted.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 15 Agias Sophias Str., Thessaloniki, Greece. apostolos3435@gmail.com
authors.forename: Apostolos P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Athanasiadis
authors.forename: Themistoklis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikos
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Tambakoudis
authors.forename: Theodoros D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Theodoridis
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papastergiou
authors.forename: Efstratios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Assimakopoulos
authors.forename: Basil C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Tarlatzis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005133:Eye Movements; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000503:physiopathology; D005324:Fetal Movement; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009420:Nervous System / Q000196:embryology*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods