title: Molecular mechanism of arenavirus assembly and budding.
abstract: Arenaviruses have a bisegmented negative-strand RNA genome, which encodes four viral proteins: GP and NP by the S segment and L and Z by the L segment. These four viral proteins possess multiple functions in infection, replication and release of progeny viruses from infected cells. The small RING finger protein, Z protein is a matrix protein that plays a central role in viral assembly and budding. Although all arenaviruses encode Z protein, amino acid sequence alignment showed a huge variety among the species, especially at the C-terminus where the L-domain is located. Recent publications have demonstrated the interactions between viral protein and viral protein, and viral protein and host cellular protein, which facilitate transportation and assembly of viral components to sites of virus egress. This review presents a summary of current knowledge regarding arenavirus assembly and budding, in comparison with other enveloped viruses. We also refer to the restriction of arenavirus production by the antiviral cellular factor, Tetherin/BST-2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan. shuzourata@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shuzo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urata
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yasuda
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001117:Arenaviridae Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D018050:Arenavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport / Q000378:metabolism; D016679:Genome, Viral; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D019065:Virus Assembly; D057074:Virus Release
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C117526:p11 Z protein, Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus