title: Antioxidized LDL antibodies are associated with different metabolic pathways in patients with atherosclerotic plaque and type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidized lipoproteins and antioxidized LDL antibodies (antioxLDL abs) have been detected in human plasma and atherosclerotic lesions. The principle aim of this study was to analyze the possible relationship between IgG and IgM antioxLDL abs and factors involved in different metabolic pathways (inflammation, lipid metabolism, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest profile) in the occluded popliteal artery (OPA) compared with the femoral vein (FV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients with advanced atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes undergoing lower limb amputation participated in this study. Each patient had OPA and FV biopsy specimens and peripheral arterial occlusive disease. By real-time PCR, gene expression was analyzed from the OPA and FV specimens, and antioxLDL ab levels were measured by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The OPA and FV showed a positive correlation between only IgM antioxLDL ab levels and the expression of genes involved in different metabolic pathways, including inflammation (TFPI), apoptosis (BAX, caspase 3, AKT1), plaque disruption (MMP2 and MMP10), lipid metabolism (SCARB1, PPARg), and cell turnover (CDKN1A), and genes for transcription and growth factors (NFkB and VEGFA, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that gene expression in the metabolic pathways (apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and inflammation) in the OPA and FV are directly related to the levels of IgM antioxLDL abs.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinico Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain. robelopajiju@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bernal-Lopez
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garrido-Sanchez
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gomez-Carrillo
authors.forename: Jose Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gallego-Perales
authors.forename: Vicenta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Llorente-Cortes
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Calleja
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gomez-Huelgas
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Badimon
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Tinahones
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005268:Femoral Vein / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL