title: Acute renal infarction: a case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Renal infarction is an arterial vascular event that may cause irreversible damage to kidney tissues. This study describes the clinical characteristics of patients with renal infarction according to underlying mechanism of vascular injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study retrospectively identified 94 patients with renal infarction diagnosed between 1989 and 2011 with the aim of highlighting potential correlations between demographic, clinical, and biologic characteristics and the etiology of renal infarction. Four groups were identified: renal infarction of cardiac origin (cardiac group, n=23), renal infarction associated with renal artery injury (renal injury group, n=29), renal infarction associated with hypercoagulability disorders (hypercoagulable group, n=15), and apparently idiopathic renal infarction (idiopathic group, n=27).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical symptoms included abdominal and/or flank pain in 96.8% of cases; 46 patients had uncontrolled hypertension at diagnosis. Laboratory findings included increase of lactate dehydrogenase level (90.5%), increase in C-reactive protein level (77.6%), and renal impairment (40.4%). Compared with renal injury group patients, this study found that cardiac group patients were older (relative risk for 1 year increase=1.21, P=0.001) and displayed a lower diastolic BP (relative risk per 1 mmHg=0.94, P=0.05). Patients in the hypercoagulable group had a significantly lower diastolic BP (relative risk=0.86, P=0.005). Patients in the idiopathic group were older (relative risk=1.13, P=0.01) and less frequently men (relative risk=0.11, P=0.02). Seven patients required hemodialysis at the first evaluation, and zero patients died during the first 30 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that the clinical and biologic characteristics of patients can provide valuable information about the causal mechanism involved in renal infarction occurrence.
authors.affiliation: Service de Néphrologie et Dialyse, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées du Val de Grâce, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bourgault
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grimbert
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Verret
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pourrat
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herody
authors.forename: Jean Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Halimi
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karras
authors.forename: Zahir
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Amoura
authors.forename: Noémie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jourde-Chiche
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izzedine
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: François
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Boffa
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hummel
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernadet-Monrozies
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fouque
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Canouï-Poitrine
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Daugas
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Audard
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D021501:Flank Pain / Q000209:etiology; D005602:France; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D007238:Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000150:complications; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase