title: Comparison of gray mineral trioxide aggregate and diluted formocresol in pulpotomized primary molars: a 6- to 24-month observation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this multisite, multioperator, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial was to evaluate 2-year outcomes of diluted formocresol (DFC) compared to gray mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA) as pulpotomy medicaments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following the standard  pulpotomy procedure, the pulp stumps of 252 primary molars in 168 healthy children were randomly covered with GMTA or DFC. Pulp chambers were filled with Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM(®)) and teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns. At each follow-up appointment,  the clinical status of the treated tooth was assessed and radiographs were taken. A total of 694 clinical and radiographic evaluations were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gender, study site, arch type, and tooth type did not influence treatment outcome. At the combined 6- to 24-month follow-up,  clinical success in the DFC group was no different than for the GMTA group. Radiographically, a significantly lower success rate was found in the DFC group vs the MTA group at all time points (P<.01). Dentin bridge formation was observed at a significantly higher frequency among the GMTA  group (P<.01), while internal root resorption was observed at a higher frequency in the DFC group (P<.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At the combined 6- to 24-month follow-up, gray mineral trioxide aggregate demonstrated significantly better radiographic outcomes vs diluted formocresol as pulpotomy  medicaments.
authors.affiliation: Mott Children's Health Center, Flint, MI, USA.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sushynski
authors.forename: Cameron M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Zealand
authors.forename: Tatiana M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Botero
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Boynton
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Majewski
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Shelburne
authors.forename: Jan Chingchun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011672:Pulpotomy / Q000379:methods*; D011859:Radiography; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate