title: Ultrawide-field fluorescein angiography for evaluation of diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the advantages of ultrawide-field fluorescein angiography (FA) over the standard fundus examination in the evaluation of diabetic retinopathy (DR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ultrawide-field FAs were obtained in 118 eyes of 59 diabetic patients; 11 eyes with no DR, 71 eyes with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and 36 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), diagnosed by the standard method. The presence of peripheral abnormal lesions beyond the standard seven fields was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ultrawide-field FA images demonstrated peripheral microaneurysms in six (54.5%) of 11 eyes with no DR and all eyes with moderate to severe NPDR and PDR. Peripheral retinal neovascularizations were detected in three (4.2%) of 71 eyes with NPDR and in 13 (36.1%) of 36 eyes with PDR. Peripheral vascular nonperfusion and vascular leakage were found in two-thirds of eyes with severe NPDR and PDR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrawide-field FA demonstrates peripheral lesions beyond standard fields, which can allow early detection and a close evaluation of DR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mingui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Mee Yon
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Don-Il
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Ham
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology*