title: Frequent epigenetic silencing of PCDH10 by methylation in human colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aberrant DNA methylation is common in cancer cells. Epigenetic alterations resulting in the loss of tumor suppression gene functions are frequently involved in tumor development and progression. Recently, methylation of PCDH10 was reported to be associated with multiple hematologic malignancies as well as some solid tumors. Whether the down-regulation of PCDH10 happens in CRC remains unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Methylation status of PCDH10 was evaluated by methylation-specific PCR analysis. The effects of PCDH10 re-expression were determined in growth, colony formation, cell cycle, and invasion assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we found that 100 % (8 of 8) of colorectal cancer cell lines were silenced for PCDH10, but not normal colorectal epithelial cells. Demethylation treatment confirmed that the reduced expression is associated closely with promoter methylation. Hyper-methylation of PCDH10 was also detected in 85 % of primary colorectal tumors, but not in adjacent normal colorectal tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that PCDH10 is an important tumor suppression gene with key roles of suppressing cell proliferation, clonogenicity, and inhibiting cell invasion in the development of colorectal cancer. Thus, PCDH10 methylation may constitute a useful biomarker of colorectal cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Intervention and Prevention, China National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yongliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jianshan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Jiawei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000502:physiology*; D063185:Epigenetic Repression / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020868:Gene Silencing / Q000502:physiology; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000502:physiology; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D000091363:Protocadherins; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; C438603:PCDH10 protein, human; D000091363:Protocadherins