title: Arthroscopic percutaneous repair of anterosuperior rotator cuff tear including biceps long head: a 2-year follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To report the results of an arthroscopic percutaneous repair technique for partial-thickness tears of the anterosuperior cuff combined with a biceps lesion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The inclusion criteria were evidence of the upper subscapularis tendon tear and an articular side partial-thickness tear of the supraspinatus tendon, degeneration of the biceps long head or degenerative superior labrum anterior-posterior, above lesions treated by arthroscopic percutaneous repair, and follow-up duration > 24 months after the operation. American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, constant score, the pain level on a visual analogue scale, ranges of motion and strength were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (± standard deviation) age of the 20 enrolled patients was 56.0 ± 7.7 years. The forward flexion strength increased from 26.3 ± 6.7 Nm preoperatively to 38.9 ± 5.1 Nm at final follow-up. External and internal rotation strength was also significantly increased (14.2 ± 1.7 to 19.1 ± 3.03 Nm, 12.3 ± 3.2 to 18.1 ± 2.8 Nm, respectively). Significant improvement was observed in ASES and constant scores at 3 months, 1 year and the time of final follow-up when compared with preoperative scores (p < 0.001). The mean subjective shoulder value was 86% (range, 78% to 97%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation of complete rotator cuff repair with concomitant tenodesis of the biceps long head using arthroscopic percutaneous repair achieved full recovery of normal rotator cuff function, maximum therapeutic efficacy, and patient satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Do-Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yon-Sik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Sang-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun-Min
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Jung-Taek
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Sun-Chang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Jae-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D017006:Rotator Cuff / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome