title: A new leg voxel model in two different positions for simulation of the non-uniform distribution of (241)Am in leg bones.
abstract: A new leg voxel model in two different positions (straight and bent) has been developed for in vivo measurement calibration purposes. This voxel phantom is a representation of a human leg that may provide a substantial enhancement to Monte Carlo modeling because it more accurately models different geometric leg positions and the non-uniform distribution of Am throughout the leg bones instead of assuming a one-position geometry and a uniform distribution of radionuclides. This was accomplished by performing a radiochemical analysis on small sections of the leg bones from the U.S. Transuranium and Uranium Registries (USTUR) case 0846. USTUR case 0846 represents an individual who was repeatedly contaminated by Am via chronic inhalation. To construct the voxel model, high resolution (2 mm) computed tomography (CT) images of the USTUR case 0846 leg were obtained in different positions. Thirty-six (36) objects (universes) were segmented manually from the CT images using 3D-Doctor software. Bones were divided into 30 small sections with an assigned weight exactly equal to the weight of bone sections obtained from radiochemical analysis of the USTUR case 0846 leg. The segmented images were then converted into a boundary file, and the Human Monitoring Laboratory (HML) voxelizer was used to convert the boundary file into the leg voxel phantom. Excluding the surrounding air regions, the straight leg phantom consists of 592,023 voxels, while the bent leg consists of 337,567 voxels. The resulting leg voxel model is now ready for use as an MCNPX input file to simulate in vivo measurement of bone-seeking radionuclides.
authors.affiliation: Idaho State University, Nuclear Engineering and Health Physics, P.O. Box 8106, Pocatello ID 83209, USA. khalmaji@isu.edu
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khalaf
authors.forename: Richard R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Brey
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meldrum
mesh_terms: D000576:Americium / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007867:Leg Bones / Q000737:chemistry*; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012042:Registries; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000576:Americium