title: The Brassica napus blackleg resistance gene LepR3 encodes a receptor-like protein triggered by the Leptosphaeria maculans effector AVRLM1.
abstract: LepR3, found in the Brassica napus cv 'Surpass 400', provides race-specific resistance to the fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans, which was overcome after great devastation in Australia in 2004. We investigated the LepR3 locus to identify the genetic basis of this resistance interaction. We employed a map-based cloning strategy, exploiting collinearity with the Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa genomes to enrich the map and locate a candidate gene. We also investigated the interaction of LepR3 with the L. maculans avirulence gene AvrLm1 using transgenics. LepR3 was found to encode a receptor-like protein (RLP). We also demonstrated that avirulence towards LepR3 is conferred by AvrLm1, which is responsible for both the Rlm1 and LepR3-dependent resistance responses in B. napus. LepR3 is the first functional B. napus disease resistance gene to be cloned. AvrLm1's interaction with two independent resistance loci, Rlm1 and LepR3, highlights the need to consider redundant phenotypes in 'gene-for-gene' interactions and offers an explanation as to why LepR3 was overcome so rapidly in parts of Australia.
authors.affiliation: Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0X2.|School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Larkan
authors.affiliation: Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0X2.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lydiate
authors.affiliation: Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0X2.
authors.forename: I A P
authors.initials: IAP
authors.lastname: Parkin
authors.affiliation: School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.|The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0X2.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Epp
authors.affiliation: The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Cowling
authors.affiliation: Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0X2.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Rimmer
authors.affiliation: Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0X2.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Borhan
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D029688:Brassica napus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D056426:Genetic Loci / Q000235:genetics; D005819:Genetic Markers; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D026801:Synteny / Q000235:genetics; D014170:Transformation, Genetic; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D005819:Genetic Markers; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger