title: Late recurrence of cervical cancer: a report of 16 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcome of cervical cancer patients presenting late recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 16 patients who were treated between 1974 and 1999 at the Institution and whose cancer recurred after a five-year disease-free interval were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean time from initial therapy to recurrence was 162.5 months (60-360 mean). Smear abnormalities, atypical genital bleeding, abdominal and lumbar pain, and respiratory findings were the most common symptoms and signs associated with late recurrence. Fourteen patients were diagnosed by physical examination. Three of the six patients with local recurrence who were re-irradiated developed a vesico-vaginal fistula. At a median follow-up time of 12.5 months (4-38 mean), 12 patients were alive and the median survival time was 30 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cervical cancer patients surviving free of disease after the fifth year post-treatment are still at risk for relapse and in most of them, the recurrence is suspected by clinical examination alone.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cetina
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Arias
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aguila
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coronel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cantú
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dueñas-González
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D013997:Time Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*