title: Active tremor cancellation by a "smart" handheld vitreoretinal microsurgical tool using swept source optical coherence tomography.
abstract: Microsurgeons require dexterity to make precise and stable maneuvers to achieve surgical objectives and to minimize surgical risks during freehand procedures. This work presents a novel, common path, swept source optical coherence tomography-based "smart" micromanipulation aided robotic-surgical tool (SMART) that actively suppresses surgeon hand tremor. The tool allows enhanced tool tip stabilization, more accurate targeting and the potential to lower surgical risk. Freehand performance is compared to smart tool-assisted performance and includes assessment of the one-dimensional motion tremor in an active microsurgeon's hand. Surgeon hand tremor-the ability to accurately locate a surgical target and maintain tool tip offset distances-were all improved by smart tool assistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. csong16@jhu.edu
authors.forename: Cheol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Gehlbach
authors.forename: Jin U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008328:Man-Machine Systems; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000295:instrumentation*; D057586:Vitreoretinal Surgery / Q000295:instrumentation*