title: Effects of rectal administration of taurocholic acid on glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY secretion in healthy humans.
abstract: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), secreted by enteroendocrine L-cells located most densely in the colon and rectum, are of fundamental importance in blood glucose and appetite regulation. In animal models, colonic administration of bile acids can stimulate GLP-1 and PYY by TGR5 receptor activation. We evaluated the effects of taurocholic acid (TCA), administered as an enema, on plasma GLP-1 and PYY, as well as gastrointestinal sensations in 10 healthy male subjects, and observed that rectal administration of TCA promptly stimulated secretion of both GLP-1 and PYY, and increased fullness, in a dose-dependent manner. These observations confirm that topical application of bile acids to the distal gut may have potential for the management of type 2 diabetes and obesity.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bound
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Standfield
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gedulin
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Rayner
mesh_terms: D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000328:Adult; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D004733:Enema; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013656:Taurocholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D019894:Peptide YY; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1