title: Establishment of a blood purification system for renal failure rats using small-size dialyzer membranes.
abstract: Hemodialysis techniques for small animals have not been established because no small dialysis apparatus has been available. We recently developed a small-size dialyzer and established an appropriate blood purification system for small animals. To confirm the appropriate dialysate flow rate, bovine blood was dialyzed for 60 min at a fixed blood flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and variable dialysate flow rates. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels decreased significantly at a dialysate flow rate of 5 mL/min (from 13.7 ± 0.2 to 10.3 ± 1.2 mg/dL and 1.07 ± 0.15 to 0.61 ± 0.12 mg/dL, respectively, P < 0.05). To determine the appropriate in vivo conditions, extracorporeal circulation was performed in anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats at a dialysate flow rate of 0.0 mL/min, for 240 min, and at variable blood flow rates. Extracorporeal circulation was successful at a blood flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, but not 1.5 mL/min. To establish in vivo hemodialysis conditions, we used the animal model of end stage renal failure. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a 0.75% adenine-containing diet for 3 weeks, after which they received hemodialysis for 120 min at a dialysate and blood flow rate of 5.0 and 1.0 mL/min, respectively. There were no significant changes in systolic blood pressure or heart rate during dialysis. Thus, this blood purification system can be safely used for small animals at a dialysate flow rate of 5.0 mL/min and a blood flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. This system provides a basis for further research on hemodialysis therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yorimitsu
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koremoto
authors.forename: Yoshisuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haruna
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagasu
authors.forename: Atsunori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kashihara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002417:Cattle; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation / Q000379:methods*; D006339:Heart Rate; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D003404:Creatinine