title: Nutrition therapy for liver diseases based on the status of nutritional intake.
abstract: The dietary intake of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is generally characterized by high levels of carbohydrate, fat, and/or cholesterol, and these dietary patterns influence hepatic lipid metabolism in the patients. Therefore, careful investigation of dietary habits could lead to better nutrition therapy in NAFLD patients. The main treatment for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is interferon-based antiviral therapy, which often causes a decrease in appetite and energy intake; hence, nutritional support is also required during therapy to prevent undernourishment, treatment interruption, and a reduction in quality of life. Moreover, addition of some nutrients that act to suppress viral proliferation is recommended. As a substitutive treatment, low-iron diet therapy, which is relatively safe and effective for preventing hepatocellular carcinoma, is also recommended for CHC patients. Some patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) have decreased dietary energy and protein intake, while the number of LC patients with overeating and obesity is increasing, indicating that the nutritional state of LC patients has a broad spectrum. Therefore, nutrition therapy for LC patients should be planned on an assessment of their complications, nutritional state, and dietary intake. Late evening snacks, branched-chain amino acids, zinc, and probiotics are considered for effective nutritional utilization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Welfare Sciences, Nishikyushu University, Kanzaki 842-8585, Japan ; Clinical Research Center, Kyushu Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Fukuoka 810-0065, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasutake
authors.forename: Motoyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohjima
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kotoh
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamuta
authors.forename: Munechika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Enjoji