title: Effects of antidepressants on glucose metabolism and diabetes mellitus type 2 in adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Depression and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) are frequently comorbid conditions. It is of considerable clinical significance to avoid metabolic risks in nondiabetic depressed patients and to consider effects on glucose regulation in depressed DM2 patients. This review is an overview on antidepressant treatment and its potential metabolic risks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It is increasingly recognized that effective treatment with antidepressants improves glucose homeostasis in nondiabetic depressed patients in the short run, whereas long-term effects are a matter of debate. Cognitive behavioral and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment may improve glycemic control in depressed DM2 patients, whereas noradrenergic antidepressants and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) may cause the metabolic situation to deteriorate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SSRIs are preferable in nondiabetic depressed patients since they improve glucose regulation in the short run and may have little untoward effects in the long run. In depressed DM2 patients, SSRIs are the only class of antidepressants with confirmed favorable effects on glycemic control.
authors.affiliation: Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Germany. michael.deuschle@zi-mannheim.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deuschle
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D044882:Glucose Metabolism Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005947:Glucose