title: Oral manifestations as first clinical sign of acute myeloid leukemia: report of a case.
abstract: Leukemia is the most common malignancy in children younger than 15 years old. Acute myeloid leukemia frequently presents with early oral manifestations. The purpose of this study was to report the case of a 6-year-old male patient who showed persistent and severe hemorrhage after a  tooth extraction and generalized gingival enlargement over a short period of time. Referral to the Oncohematology Service confirmed the diagnosis of an acute myeloid leukemia. This emphasizes the need for a dentist who can provide an opportunity for timely diagnosis, early referral, and proper  treatment of an underlying leukemia to be aware of early oral signs and symptoms.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sepúlveda
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Brethauer
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mardones
mesh_terms: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D019214:Gingival Overgrowth / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D013537:Sutures; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects; D014148:Tranexamic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014212:Tretinoin; D014148:Tranexamic Acid