title: Principles of translational control: an overview.
abstract: Translational control plays an essential role in the regulation of gene expression. It is especially important in defining the proteome, maintaining homeostasis, and controlling cell proliferation, growth, and development. Numerous disease states result from aberrant regulation of protein synthesis, so understanding the molecular basis and mechanisms of translational control is critical. Here we outline the pathway of protein synthesis, with special emphasis on the initiation phase, and identify areas needing further clarification. Features of translational control are described together with numerous specific examples, and we discuss prospects for future conceptual advances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. jwhershey@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: John W B
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hershey
authors.forename: Nahum
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sonenberg
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Mathews
mesh_terms: D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs