title: Percutaneous renal artery angioplasty and stenting: indications, technique and results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Percutaneous interventions for renal arterial disease can be used to treat a variety of conditions including both atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (RAS) as well as endovascular management of renal artery aneurysms (RAA).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to examine the indications, techniques and results of percutaneous renal angioplasty and stenting in our institution over a 6-year period and review the current evidence for practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient demographics, procedure indications, technical procedural details, complications, baseline and follow-up renal profile indices were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common indication for intervention was atherosclerotic RAS (69.2%) followed by RAS secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia (15.3%) and RAA (15.3%). There was a 100% technical success in our cohort of patients. The majority of patients (84.6%) had cross-sectional imaging in the form of computed tomography or magnetic resonance angiography prior to intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When performed in appropriate settings following close liaison with referring physicians, percutaneous renal angioplasty and stenting remains an important treatment modality for renovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Tallaght Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland. terrykok@gmail.com
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Govender
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Browne
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Torreggiani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000783:Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D017130:Angioplasty / Q000379:methods*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects