title: Reprogramming somatic cells by fusion with embryonic stem cells does not cause silencing of the Dlk1-Dio3 region in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the imprinted Dlk1-Dio3 locus in pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cell/fibroblast hybrid cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gtl2, Rian, and Mirg mRNA expression in mouse pluripotent ES cell/fibroblast hybrid cells was examined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Pyrosequencing and bisulfate sequencing were used to determine the DNA methylation level of the Dlk1-Dio3 locus imprinting control region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The selected hybrid clones had a near-tetraploid karyotype and were highly pluripotent judging from their capacity to generate chimeric embryos and adult chimeras. Our data clearly demonstrate that Gtl2, Rian, and Mirg, which are imprinted genes within the Dlk1-Dio3 locus, are active in all examined ES cell/fibroblast hybrid clones. In spite of interclonal variability, the expression of the imprinted genes is comparable to that of ES cells and fibroblasts. Quantitative analysis of the DNA methylation status of the intergenic differentially methylated region (IG DMR) within the Dlk1-Dio3 locus by pyrosequencing and bisulfite sequencing clearly showed that the DNA methylation status of the imprinted region in the tested hybrid clones was comparable to that of both ES cells and fibroblasts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reprogramming process in a hybrid cell system is achieved without marked alteration of the imprinted Dlk1-Dio3 locus.
authors.affiliation: Nariman R Battulin, Anna A Khabarova, Aleksey G Menzorov, Oleg L Serov, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SD RAS, Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian.
authors.forename: Nariman R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Battulin
authors.forename: Anna A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khabarova
authors.forename: Ul'yana A
authors.initials: UA
authors.lastname: Boyarskikh
authors.forename: Aleksey G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Menzorov
authors.forename: Maxim L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Filipenko
authors.forename: Oleg L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Serov