title: Plasma fatty acid profile in depressive disorder resembles insulin resistance state.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Depressive disorder is related to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Insulin resistance (IR), connected with altered fatty acid (FA) composition, namely with decreased proportion of polyunsaturated FA could participate in these associations. The aim of the study was to investigate the composition of FA in plasma cholesterol esters (CE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) as well as indices of insulin resistance and oxidative stress in the patients with depressive disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parameters of lipid and glucose homeostasis, concentrations of FA in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) and conjugated dienes in LDL were investigated in a group of 47 patients (9M/38F) with depression and compared with 47 control persons (16M/31F). Delta-9 desaturase (D9D) and D6D desaturase were estimated as product to precursor fatty acid ratios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In depressive patients increased concentrations of palmitoleic acid and total monounsaturated FA with decreased proportion of total polyunsaturated FA n-6 (PUFA n-6) (all p<0.05) in CE were found, while in PC increased proportion of saturated FA was observed (p<0.05). Moreover, index of D6D activity was significantly increased in PC and CE (p<0.05). Concomitantly, in depressive patients higher levels of plasma triacylglycerols (p<0.05), conjugated dienes in LDL (p<0.001) and HOMA index of IR (p<0.05) were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Esterified FA composition of depressive patients revealed changes, similar to those, usually observed in insulin resistance. Dysregulation of FA could participate in the pathogenesis of depression and be associated with an increased risk of CVD and DM2.
authors.affiliation: 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. mirozem@seznam.cz
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vareka
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vecka
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jirak
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tvrzicka
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Macasek
authors.forename: Ales
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zak
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000097:blood; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000097:blood; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; C008757:palmitoleic acid; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase