title: The effects of ankle restriction on the multijoint coordination of vertical jumping.
abstract: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of ankle restriction on the coordination of vertical jumping and discuss the influence of energy transfer through m. gastrocnemius on the multijoint movement. Eight participants performed two types of vertical jumps: a normal squat jump, and a squat jump with restricted ankle joint movement. Mechanical outputs were calculated using an inverse dynamics analysis. Custom-made shoes were used to restrict plantar flexion, resulting in significantly (P < .001) reduced maximum power and work at the ankle joint to below 2% and 3%, while maintaining natural range of motion at the hip and knee. Based on the comparison between the two types of jumps, we determined that the ankle restriction increased (P < .001) the power (827 ± 346 W vs. 1276 ± 326 W) and work (92 ± 34 J vs. 144 ± 36 J) at the knee joint. A large part of the enhanced output at the knee is assumed to be due to ankle restriction, which results in the nullification of energy transport via m. gastrocnemius; that is, reduced contribution of the energy transfer with ankle restriction appeared as augmentation at the knee joint.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Kita, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: Dean C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanehisa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization / Q000379:methods*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology