title: Zwitterionic silica-based monolithic capillary columns for isocratic and gradient hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography.
abstract: This study introduces zwitterionic monolithic capillary columns intended for isocratic and gradient HILIC separations. Silica-based monolithic capillary columns (100 μm × 150 mm) prepared by acidic hydrolysis of tetramethoxysilane in the presence of polyethylene glycol and urea were modified by a sulfoalkylbetaine zwitterion ([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium hydroxide) to HILIC stationary phase. The prepared columns were evaluated under the isocratic and gradient separation conditions using a standard mixture containing nucleic acid bases, nucleosides, and 2-deoxynucleosides. Mobile phases contained high concentration of acetonitrile (95-85%, v/v) and 5-50mM ammonium acetate or ammonium formate in the pH range of 3-6. The synthesized columns showed a long-term stability under the separation conditions while the high permeability and efficiency originating from dual structure of the silica monolith were preserved. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for the retention times of tested solutes were lower than 2% under the isocratic conditions and lower than 3.5% under the gradient conditions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR, v. v. i., Veveří 97, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic. moravcova@iach.cz
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moravcová
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Planeta
authors.forename: Vladislav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kahle
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000737:chemistry; D001622:Betaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D009705:Nucleosides; D001622:Betaine; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C483727:sulfobetaine; C032159:acetonitrile