title: Circulating apelin level in relation to nutritional status in polycystic ovary syndrome and its association with metabolic and hormonal disturbances.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to analyse relationships between plasma apelin-36 and apelin-12 levels, nutritional status, insulin resistance and hormonal disturbances, as well as plasma adiponectin, leptin and resistin concentrations in PCOS women.
  A cross-sectional study involving 87 PCOS (48 obese) and 67 non-PCOS women (36 obese). Anthropometric parameters and body composition were determined. Serum glucose, androgens, FSH, LH, SHBG, insulin, apelin-36, apelin-12, adiponectin, leptin and resistin were measured in the fasting state.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma apelin-36 and apelin-12 levels were significantly higher in normal weight women than in the obese women with PCOS (3·1 ± 2·2 vs 1·2 ± 0·7 μg/l, P < 0·001; 2·9 ± 2·4 vs 0·5 ± 0·7 μg/l; P < 0·001 respectively). Both plasma apelin-36 and -12 levels correlated positively with adiponectin levels, and inversely with leptin or resistin levels. There was a negative correlation between plasma apelin-36, apelin-12 and serum LH levels. In addition, an inverse correlation between apelin-12 level and LH to FSH ratio was found. In multiple regression analysis 9% of LH variability was explained by apelin-12 levels (β = -0·14; P < 0·001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nutritional status seems to have different effects on apelin release, particularly, its active isoform, in women with PCOS compared with women without PCOS. This may be partially caused by changes in leptin and resistin secretion and may enhance pituitary-ovarian axis disturbances. The association between both isoforms of apelin and insulin resistance seems to be bidirectional.
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice. magols@esculap.pl
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olszanecka-Glinianowicz
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Madej
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nylec
authors.forename: Aleksander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Owczarek
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Szanecki
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Skałba
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chudek
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000073861:Apelin; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C115436:APLN protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D000073861:Apelin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin; C495200:apelin-12 peptide; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone