title: Micro-encapsulation of ozonated red pepper seed oil with antimicrobial activity and application to nonwoven fabric.
abstract: In recent years, functional fabrics possessing antimicrobial activity have drawn significant interest because antibiotic resistance is becoming widespread among pathogenic micro-organisms. The aim of this study was to produce microcapsules incorporating ozonated red pepper seed oil (ORPSO) with antimicrobial properties and apply them to nonwoven fabrics to prepare functional textiles. Red pepper seed oil (RPSO) was ozonated and micro-encapsulated via a complex coacervation method using gelatin (GE) and gum arabic (GA) as wall materials. While micro-encapsulation yield and oil loading decreased with increases in the amount of surfactant, the mean particle size increased. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was tested via the disc diffusion method. The microcapsules were also tested using the agar well method. While RPSO had no effect on the test micro-organisms, the ORPSO and microcapsules containing ORPSO were found to be active against the test micro-organisms. The microcapsules were then applied to nonwoven fabric using the padding method to produce a disposable functional textile. The microcapsule-impregnated functional fabrics provided a 5 log decrease in 1 h. It is therefore possible to functionalize nonwoven fabrics to have antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant micro-organisms, using microcapsules containing ORPSO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report on the antimicrobial action of RPSO after ozonation process. These findings suggest that ozonated red pepper seed oil (ORPSO) may be a useful and effective antimicrobial agent against the micro-organisms with antibiotic resistance. Therefore, as a natural product, RPSO represents a sustainable alternative to the use of synthetic antimicrobial agents. To our knowledge, this is also the first time that ORPSO has been micro-encapsulated for the preparation of functional textile material with significant antimicrobial activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Ege University, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey. figenozyildiz@gmail.com
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Özyildiz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karagönlü
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Basal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uzel
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bayraktar
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D002212:Capsicum; D004339:Drug Compounding; D005780:Gelatin; D006170:Gum Arabic; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010126:Ozone; D010316:Particle Size; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds; D013784:Textiles
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D010126:Ozone; D006170:Gum Arabic; D005780:Gelatin