title: Tubal factor infertility: diagnosis and management in the era of assisted reproductive technology.
abstract: Tubal factor infertility accounts for a large portion of female factor infertility. The most prevalent cause of tubal factor infertility is pelvic inflammatory disease and acute salpingitis. The diagnosis of tubal occlusion can be established by a combination of clinical suspicion based on patient history and diagnostic tests, such as hysterosalpingogram, sonohysterosalpingography, and laparoscopy with chromopertubation. Depending on several patient factors, tubal microsurgery or more commonly in vitro fertilization with its improving success rates are the recommended treatment options.
authors.affiliation: Atlanta Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Reproductive Medicine, 5555 Peachtree Dunwoody Road, Suite 276, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA.
authors.forename: Erica C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Dun
authors.forename: Ceana H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Nezhat
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008423:Maternal Age; D008866:Microsurgery; D010808:Physical Examination; D011247:Pregnancy; D012488:Salpingitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index