title: Toll-like receptor 9 processing: the key event in Toll-like receptor 9 activation?
abstract: Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) mediated recognition of viral and bacterial DNA activates the innate immune system. Recently proteolytic cleavage of TLR9 in the endosomal/lysosomal compartment by proteases such as cathepsins and asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) has been identified as a key step for TLR9 activation by CpG-DNA. However, mutants of TLR9 that do not affect proteolytic cleavage lost their functionality suggesting a more complex scenario of TLR9 activation.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Immunologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 2, 35032 Marburg, Germany. stefan.bauer@staff.uni-marburg.de
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011992:Endosomes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D059748:Proteolysis; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004279:DNA, Viral; C495371:TLR9 protein, human; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D002403:Cathepsins