title: Vietnamese mothers' experiences with potty training procedure for children from birth to 2 years of age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study addresses mothers' experiences with potty training in a Vietnamese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven mothers were interviewed and followed from the time that their children were newborns until they were 24-months old. The interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to tradition, diapers were used only rarely. The mothers used a whistling sound at certain times to remind their children to eliminate and frequently checked for signs of need. With this process, all children used the potty by the age of 9 months. At the age of 24 months the potty training was completed, and most of the children managed the whole process independent of help.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that it is possible to start potty training with good outcomes very early in life. The process described can be achieved through an ongoing communication between parent and child.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 457, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; National Hospital of Pediatrics, 18/879 La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam; University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 457, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: hoadt_nhp@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Thi Hoa
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Duong
authors.forename: Ulla-Britt
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Jansson
authors.forename: Anna-Lena
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hellström
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003142:Communication; D041381:Diapers, Infant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D002666:Psychology, Child; D014039:Toilet Training; D014744:Vietnam