title: Manganese-induced effects on testicular trace element levels and crucial hormonal parameters of Hyline cocks.
abstract: Manganese (Mn) is an essential element required for normal development and reproduction. However, little is known about the reproductive toxicity of Mn in birds. To investigate the Mn-induced toxicity on testicular trace element levels and crucial hormonal parameters on male reproduction in birds, 50-day-old male Hyline cocks were fed either a commercial diet or a Mn-supplemented diet. The changes in contents of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca) in testis were detected. Hormonal parameters were evaluated including the levels of testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) in the serum. The mRNA levels of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) were determined in this study. The results showed that Mn was accumulated in testis, and the content of Cu, Fe, Zn, and Ca decreased. Exposure to Mn significantly lowered the content of T, LH, FSH, and the mRNA expression levels of LHR and FSHR. Levels of T3 and T4 appeared with a decreased tendency, and TSH presented no obvious regularity. It indicated that Mn exposure resulted in the disbalance of testicular trace elements and influenced hormone levels in the molecular level, which may be possible underlying reproductive toxicity mechanism induced by Mn.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li-ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ziwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shi-wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hong-jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D017895:Manganese Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D011962:Receptors, FSH / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011962:Receptors, FSH; D011974:Receptors, LH; D014131:Trace Elements; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013739:Testosterone; D008345:Manganese; D003300:Copper; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D013972:Thyrotropin; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc; D013974:Thyroxine; C025340:manganese chloride; D002118:Calcium