title: Oral health in Australian HIV patients since the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has resulted in changes to the oral health of infected individuals. Little data are available describing prevalence and severity of oral manifestations in a post cART cohort of HIV positive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case note analysis was performed at the Special Needs Unit (SNU), Adelaide Dental Hospital with emphasis on identifying the prevalence of HIV related oral manifestations (OM). A total of 498 (474 males: 24 females) HIV positive individuals were identified who had attended SNU for dental care between 2001 and 2008.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences observed in the prevalence of oral manifestations between cART and non-cART groups, and also in comparison to a previous pilot study. Individuals taking cART therapy tended to present with more evidence of linear gingival erythema, angular cheilitis, human papilloma virus associated squamous papillomas and xerostomia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The widespread adoption of cART in the treatment of HIV has altered the oral health profile of these individuals. These findings provide information on the incidence of oral conditions and demonstrate the need to identify and address oral health needs for people living with HIV.
authors.affiliation: Special Needs Unit, Adelaide Dental Hospital, South Australian Dental Service, South Australia.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Liberali
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Logan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D001315:Australia; D002613:Cheilitis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005882:Gingival Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009909:Oral Health; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies