title: Reproductive and neurobehavioral effects of brilliant blue FCF in mice.
abstract: Brilliant blue FCF of food color was given in the diets of mice at levels of 0% (control), 0.08, 0.24, and 0.72% from 5 weeks of age in the F(0)  generation and continuing to 11 weeks of age in the F(1)  generation and selected reproductive and neurobehavioral parameters were measured. Mice were mated at 9 weeks of age and dams were delivered offspring at 12 weeks of age. Offspring were weaned at 4 weeks of age. Regarding exploratory behavior at 8 weeks of age in the F(0)  generation, movement time (sec) displayed a significant tendency to be increased and the average time of rearing (sec) displayed a significant tendency to be decreased in females in the treatment groups in a trend test (p = 0.019 and 0.027, respectively). In the F(1)  generation, the development of surface righting at postnatal day 4 was delayed significantly in the high-dose group (0.72%) in male and female offspring, and those effects were significantly related to dose in a trend test (p< 0.01 for both). Regarding exploratory behavior at 8 weeks of age in the F(1)  generation, the number of horizontal activities exhibited a significant tendency to be decreased in females in the treatment groups in a trend test (p = 0.015). Regarding spontaneous behavior, average time of movement (sec) was significantly accelerated in females in the high-dose group. The dose levels of brilliant blue FCF used in the present study produced a few significant effects on neurobehavioral parameters in multiple generations in mice.
authors.affiliation: Division of Toxicology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toyohito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inomata
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nakae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000633:toxicity*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D018812:Paternal Exposure; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D057897:Reflex, Righting / Q000187:drug effects; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013550:Swimming; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D004396:Coloring Agents; C006796:brilliant blue