title: CMDX©-based single source information system for simplified quality management and clinical research in prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Histopathological evaluation of prostatectomy specimens is crucial to decision-making and prediction of patient outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa). Topographical information regarding PCa extension and positive surgical margins (PSM) is essential for clinical routines, quality assessment, and research. However, local hospital information systems (HIS) often do not support the documentation of such information. Therefore, we investigated the feasibility of integrating a cMDX-based pathology report including topographical information into the clinical routine with the aims of obtaining data, performing analysis and generating heat maps in a timely manner, while avoiding data redundancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the workflow of the histopathological evaluation documentation process. We then developed a concept for a pathology report based on a cMDX data model facilitating the topographical documentation of PCa and PSM; the cMDX SSIS is implemented within the HIS of University Hospital Muenster. We then generated a heat map of PCa extension and PSM using the data. Data quality was assessed by measuring the data completeness of reports for all cases, as well as the source-to-database error. We also conducted a prospective study to compare our proposed method with recent retrospective and paper-based studies according to the time required for data analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 30 input fields that were applied to the cMDX-based data model and the electronic report was integrated into the clinical workflow. Between 2010 and 2011, a total of 259 reports were generated with 100% data completeness and a source-to-database error of 10.3 per 10,000 fields. These reports were directly reused for data analysis, and a heat map based on the data was generated. PCa was mostly localized in the peripheral zone of the prostate. The mean relative tumor volume was 16.6%. The most PSM were localized in the apical region of the prostate. In the retrospective study, 1623 paper-based reports were transferred to cMDX reports; this process took 15 ± 2 minutes per report. In a paper-based study, the analysis data preparation required 45 ± 5 minutes per report.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  cMDX SSIS can be integrated into the local HIS and provides clinical routine data and timely heat maps for quality assessment and research purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse, 62, Cologne D-50937, Germany. eminaga@uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: Okyaz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Eminaga
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.forename: Reemt
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hinkelammert
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Titze
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bettendorf
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eltze
authors.forename: Enver
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozgür
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Semjonow
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research; D001706:Biopsy; D020000:Decision Support Systems, Clinical; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010337:Pathology Department, Hospital; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D011786:Quality Control; D018511:Systems Integration; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D057188:Workflow