title: Tumor apoptosis in prostate cancer by PGD(2) and its metabolite 15d-PGJ(2) in murine model.
abstract: Fifteen-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-PGJ(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) is one of non-enzymatically converted metabolite from prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2)). Anti-tumor effects of 15d-PGJ(2) in various tumors are partially known, but the detail of in vivo mechanisms of action is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of 15d-PGJ(2) and PGD(2) on murine prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. Murine prostate cancer cells RM9 were transfected with murine prostaglandin D(2) synthase (mPGDS) gene by using defective retrovirus vector, designated as RM9-mPGDS. In addition, RM9 was also transfected with only defective retrovirus vector, designated as RM9-EV and used as control in this study. The expression and production of the gene were confirmed by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. For in vivo study, RM9-mPGDS was injected into the back of C57BL/6 mice, then resulted tumor was used for pathological analysis 14days after the inoculation. Tumor cell apoptosis in the tissue was detected by TUNEL staining. Retrovirally transfected mPGDS in RM9 significantly induced apoptosis in vivo but not in vitro, by TUNEL staining and cell death ELISA, respectively. Our results strongly suggested that the apoptosis induced in RM9-mPGDS in vivo was probably achieved in tumor environment such as hypoxic condition. The introduction of PGDS gene into cancer cells might be a novel therapy against cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hideyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsumura
authors.forename: Takefumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Kazumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majima
authors.forename: Hidero
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitasato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C097240:15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2; D054834:Lipocalins; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C022466:prostaglandin R2 D-isomerase; D015230:Prostaglandin D2