title: New biocide with both N-chloramine and quaternary ammonium moieties exerts enhanced bactericidal activity.
abstract: Considering the rise of antibiotic resistance, the development of new antibacterial agents with improved biocidal functions is urgently required. In this study, ionic 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH) analogues containing either a quaternary ammonium moiety (2)-4) or a phosphonate functional group (5),-6), were designed and synthesized to investigate the possible enhancing effect of quaternary ammonium moieties on the antibacterial performance of N-chloramines. These ionic DMH analogues were converted to their N-chloramine counterparts either in free form or after being covalently immobilized on a polymer surface via the "click" chemistry method. In the subsequent antimicrobial assessment against multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli (MDR-E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), chlorinated 2 and 3, the cyclic N-chloramines with a structural cation, exhibited distinctly enhanced biocidal functions in solution and after immobilization on surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Textile Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.
authors.forename: Lingdong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tianyun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhanel
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ens
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002700:Chloramines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006827:Hydantoins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002700:Chloramines; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006827:Hydantoins; C030615:5,5-dimethylhydantoin; C030816:chloramine