title: TGF-β1 expression in wound healing is acutely affected by experimental malnutrition and early enteral feeding.
abstract: Malnutrition is associated with the delay or failure of healing. We assessed the effect of experimental malnutrition and early enteral feeding with standard diet or diet supplemented with arginine and antioxidants on the levels of mRNA encoding growth factors in acute, open wound healing. Standardised cutaneous dorsal wounds and gastrostomies for enteral feeding were created in malnourished (M, n = 27) and eutrophic control (E, n = 30) Lewis male adult rats. Both M and E rats received isocaloric and isonitrogenous regimens with oral chow and saline (C), standard (S) or supplemented (A) enteral diets. On post-trauma day 7, mRNA levels of growth factor genes were analysed in wound granulation tissue by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). M(C) rats had significantly lower transforming growth factor β(TGF-β1 ) mRNA levels than E(C) rats (2·58 ± 0·83 versus 3·53 ± 0·57, P < 0·01) and in comparison with M(S) and M(A) rats (4·66 ± 2·49 and 4·61 ± 2·11, respectively; P < 0·05). VEGF and KGF-7 mRNA levels were lower in M(A) rats than in E(A) rats (0·74 ± 0·16 versus 1·25 ± 0·66; and 1·07 ± 0·45 versus 1·79 ± 0·89, respectively; P≤ 0·04), but did not differ from levels in E(C) and M(C) animals. In experimental open acute wound healing, previous malnutrition decreased local mRNA levels of TGF-β1 genes, which was minimised by early enteral feeding with standard or supplemented diets.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System (LIM 35), Gastroenterology Department, University of São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil; University of São Paulo, NAPAN, Food and Nutrition Research Center, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia Cristina
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Raquel Susana
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Torrinhas
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giorgi
authors.forename: Maria Mitzi
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Brentani
authors.forename: Angela Flavia
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Logullo
authors.forename: Dan Linetzky
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Waitzberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001120:Arginine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D023421:Models, Animal; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D001120:Arginine