title: Crestal bone loss and oral implants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A consensus meeting was arranged to critically analyze whether the high figures of peri-implantitis at machined implants that recently have been reported in the literature are valid also for modern implants.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this paper were to present the outcomes from the consensus meeting and to evaluate recent long-term clinical studies on modern implants with regard to frequency of peri-implant infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten different studies of three modern implant brands of moderately rough surfaces with 10-year or longer follow-up times were found through a PubMed and manual search.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was concluded that bleeding on probing or probing depths are weak indicators of crestal bone loss (CBL); that CBL occurs for many other reasons than infection; that implant-, clinician-, and patient-related factors contribute to CBL; and that modern oral implants outperform older devices. Based on a literature search, the frequency of implants with reported peri-implant infection and significant bone loss leading to implant removal or other surgical intervention was on average 2.7% during 7 to 16 years of function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The summed frequency of peri-implantitis and implant failure is commonly less than 5% over 10 years of follow-up for modern implants when using established protocols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. tomas.albrektsson@biomaterials.gu.se
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Albrektsson
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buser
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sennerby
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000009:adverse effects; D003245:Consensus Statements as Topic; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D006801:Humans; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium