title: Neurological and neuropsychological characteristics of occipital, occipito-temporal and occipito-parietal infarction.
abstract: Neuropsychological deficits after occipital infarction are most often described in case studies and only a small sample of studies has attempted to exactly correlate the anatomical localization of lesions with associated neuropsychological symptoms. The present study investigated a large number of patients (N = 128) in order to provide an overview of neurological and neuropsychological deficits after occipital, occipito-temporal and occipito-parietal infarction. A particular approach of the study was to define exact anatomical correlates of neuropsychological dysfunction by using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) in 61 patients. In addition to a visual field defect and phosphenes, patients often reported anomia, difficulties in reading and memory deficits. Visual disorders, such as achromatopsia, akinetopsia or prosopagnosia, were rarely reported by the patients. Memory and visual disorders were diagnosed efficiently using simple clinical screening tests, such as the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test for immediate recall, the Demtect and the Lang Stereo Test. Visual field defects, reading disorders and the perception of phosphenes were associated primarily with lesions of the calcarine sulcus. Anomia and memory deficits were related to lesions of the occipital inferior gyrus, the lingual gyrus and hippocampus, as well as to lesions of principal white matter tracts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: antje.kraft@charite.de.
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Neurobiology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Cathleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grimsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kehrer
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bahnemann
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Neurobiology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Karoline
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spang
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Neurobiology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prass
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irlbacher
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Köhnlein
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Anika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lipfert
authors.affiliation: Medical Hospital Gesundheit Nord, Klinikum Bremen Mitte, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Freimuth
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.affiliation: Medical Hospital Gesundheit Nord, Klinikum Bremen Mitte, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kastrup
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Neurobiology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany; The Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Vision Sciences, City University London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fahle
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Brandt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult