title: Designing human centered GeoVisualization application--the SanaViz--for telehealth users: a case study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Public health data is typically organized by geospatial unit. GeoVisualization (GeoVis) allows users to see information visually on a map.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Examine telehealth users' perceptions towards existing public health GeoVis applications and obtains users' feedback about features important for the design and development of Human Centered GeoVis application "the SanaViz".
  
  
  METHODS
  We employed a cross sectional study design using mixed methods approach for this pilot study. Twenty users involved with the NUTES telehealth center at Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil were enrolled. Open and closed ended questionnaires were used to gather data. We performed audio recording for the interviews. Information gathered included socio-demographics, prior spatial skills and perception towards use of GeoVis to evaluate telehealth services. Card sorting and sketching methods were employed. Univariate analysis was performed for the continuous and categorical variables. Qualitative analysis was performed for open ended questions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Existing Public Health GeoVis applications were difficult to use. Results found interaction features zooming, linking and brushing and representation features Google maps, tables and bar chart as most preferred GeoVis features.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early involvement of users is essential to identify features necessary to be part of the human centered GeoVis application "the SanaViz".
authors.affiliation: Center for Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68164, USA. ashish.joshi@unmc.edu
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Magdala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Araujo Novaes
authors.forename: Josiane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Machiavelli
authors.forename: Sriram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iyengar
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vogler
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Jiajie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chiehwen E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001292:Attitude to Computers; D001938:Brazil; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D062305:Geographic Mapping; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010465:Perception; D011634:Public Health / Q000379:methods*; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D017216:Telemedicine