title: The association between clinical and radiographic periodontitis measurements during periodontal maintenance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of the present study is to examine the association between clinical and radiographic periodontitis measurements during 2 years of periodontal maintenance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary analyses were performed from a 2-year, double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD) in 128 postmenopausal osteopenic females with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis. Relative clinical attachment level (relative CAL) and probing depth (PD) measurements were made. Posterior vertical bitewings were taken for alveolar bone density (ABD) and alveolar bone height (ABH) measurements. Generalized estimating equations were used to model associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-year ABD changes and 1-year relative CAL/PD changes did not predict 2-year ABH changes and ABH/ABD changes, respectively. Baseline relative CAL and PD were positively associated with baseline ABH loss (P <0.0001), and baseline PDs were associated with subsequent ABD and ABH loss (P <0.05 for each). Among placebo (but not SDD) participants, relative CAL changes were associated with concurrent ABD loss (P = 0.027) when considering 1- and 2-year changes combined. The odds of ABH loss were higher among sites with concurrent 1-year ABD loss versus no change (odds ratio [OR] = 3.15, P <0.0001) or concurrent PD increases versus no change (OR = 1.88, P = 0.0025) when considering 1- and 2-year changes combined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In postmenopausal osteopenic females undergoing periodontal maintenance, baseline PD was associated with subsequent ABD and ABH loss. Although no longitudinal change preceded another measurement change, changes in PDs and relative CALs appeared to reflect changes in the underlying alveolar bone over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Specialties, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry, Lincoln, NE.
authors.forename: Jeffrey B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: Pirkka V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Nummikoski
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Lorne M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Golub
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stoner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000150:complications; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control; D010919:Placebos; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing; D012449:Safety; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010919:Placebos; D004318:Doxycycline