title: Insights into the dual activity of SIVmac239 Vif against human and African green monkey APOBEC3G.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif is essential for viral evasion of the host antiviral protein APOBEC3G (APO3G). The Vif protein from a distantly related African green monkey (Agm) simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVagm) is unable to suppress the antiviral activity of human APO3G but is active against Agm APO3G. SIVmac Vif on the other hand, possesses antiviral activity against both human and Agm APO3G. In this study, we were interested in mapping domains in SIVmac Vif that are responsible for its dual activity against human and Agm APO3G. We constructed a series of Vif chimeras by swapping domains in SIVmac Vif with equivalent regions from SIVagm Vif and determined their activity against human and Agm APO3G. We found that replacing any region in SIVmac Vif by corresponding fragments from SIVagm Vif only moderately reduced the activity of the chimeras against Agm APO3G but in all cases resulted in a severe loss of activity against human APO3G. These results suggest that the domains in SIVmac Vif required for targeting human and Agm APO3G are distinct and cannot be defined as linear amino acid motifs but rather appear to depend on the overall structure of full-length SIVmac Vif.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India. rgaur@sau.ac.in
authors.forename: Ritu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gaur
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strebel
mesh_terms: D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D016346:Gene Products, vif / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054320:vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016346:Gene Products, vif; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D054320:vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase