title: Larvicidal activity of essential oil and methanol extract of Nepeta menthoides against malaria vector Anopheles stephensi.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the larvicidal activity of essential oil and methanol extract of the Nepeta menthoides (N. menthoides) against main malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi (An. stephensi).
  
  
  METHODS
  The essential oil of plant was obtained by Clevenger type apparatus and the methanol extract was supplied with Percolation method. Larvicidal activity was tested by WHO method. Twenty five fourth-instar larvae of An. stephensi were used in the larvicidal assay and four replicates were tested for each concentration. Five different concentrations of the oil and extract were tested for calculation of LC(50) and LC(90) values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LC(50) and LC(90) values were determined by probit analysis. LC(50) was 69.5 and 234.3 ppm and LC(90) was 175.5 and 419.9 ppm for the extract and essential oil respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the results of this study methanolic extract of plant exhibited more larvicidal activity than essential oil. This could be useful for investigation of new natural larvicidal compounds.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Traditional Iranian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Khanavi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mahnaz
authors.forename: Fallah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alireza
authors.forename: Vatandoost
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Sedaghat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.forename: Abai Mohammad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Reza
authors.forename: Hadjiakhoondi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abbas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles; D007306:Insecticides; D007814:Larva; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D027521:Nepeta / Q000737:chemistry*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000432:Methanol