title: Does selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine affects mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis?
abstract: Fluoxetine (FLX) the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in Prozac(®) is a widely prescribed psychoactive drug which ubiquitous occurrence in the aquatic environment is associated to a poor removal rate in waste-water treatment plant (WWTP) systems. This API acts as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) frequently reported to cause disrupting effects in non-target species. The objective of this study includes a multibiomarker response evaluation on mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis during two weeks exposure to 75 ng L(-1) FLX assessing antioxidant enzymes activities--superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST); lipid peroxidation (LPO), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) neurotoxic response and endocrine disruption through alkali-labile phosphates (ALP) indirect measurement of vitellogenin-like proteins. Results show transient tissue-specific enzymatic responses and damage affecting mostly mussel gills. However, the clear ALP levels inhibition throughout time in both sex-differentiated gonads gives evidence to FLX reinforced action as an endocrine disruptor rather than an oxidative or neurotoxic inducer.
authors.affiliation: CIMA, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Faro, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-135 Faro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Rey
authors.forename: Maria João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bebianno
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000633:toxicity*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D049878:Mytilus; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D005473:Fluoxetine; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase