title: Artificial cold air increases the cardiovascular risks in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: The purpose was to investigate the effects of artificial cold air on cardiovascular risk in hypertensive subjects. An artificial cold air was simulated with hourly ambient temperature data of a real moderate cold air in China. Twenty-four male SHR rats were randomly divided into the minimum temperature (Tmin) group, the rewarming temperature (Tr) group and two concurrent control groups with six rats in each (Tmin and Tr represent two cold air time points, respectively). Tmin and Tr groups were exposed to the cold air that was stopped at Tmin and Tr, respectively. After cold air exposure, blood pressure, heart rate and body weight were monitored, blood was collected for the detection of some indexes like fibrinogen, total cholesterol and uric acid. Results demonstrated that blood pressure, whole blood viscosity, blood fibrinogen, total cholesterol and uric acid increased significantly both in the Tmin and Tr groups; low density lipoprotein/high density lipoprotein increased significantly only in Tr group; there was higher level of blood fibrinogen in the Tr group than the Tmin group; higher levels of creatine kinase-MB was found in both the Tmin and Tr groups. These results suggest that cold air may increase the cardiovascular risks in hypertensive subjects indirectly through its effects on the sympathetic nervous system and renin angiotensin system, blood pressure and atherosclerosis risk factors like blood viscosity and fibrinogen, lipids and uric acid in the blood.
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Shuyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shoucun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Baojian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001809:Blood Viscosity; D001835:Body Weight; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D012307:Risk Factors; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D008055:Lipids; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D000804:Angiotensin II; D005340:Fibrinogen; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine