title: Avatar-mediated home safety assessments: piloting a virtual objective structured clinical examination station.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Avatars and virtual worlds offer medical educators new approaches to assess learners' competency in home-safety assessments that are less time-consuming and more flexible than traditional home visits. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of implementing an avatar-mediated, 3-dimensional (3-D) home simulation as a virtual objective structured clinical examination station for geriatric medicine fellows.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a 3-D home simulation in the virtual world Second Life (Linden Lab, San Francisco, CA) containing 50 safety hazards that could affect the safety of an elderly person at home. Eight geriatric medicine fellows participated in a 16-station objective structured clinical examination, with one station assigned to the 15-minute 3-D virtual world simulation, where the fellow's "home visit" was performed by navigating his or her avatar in the virtual world simulation. The fellows were instructed to find the home safety hazards in the simulated environment and then provide specific written recommendations. Two reviewers independently scored the fellows' written findings against an inventory-based checklist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The geriatric medicine fellows scored a mean of 43% ± SD 9 on the inventory-based checklist. The scoring of the 2 reviewers showed a high interrater reliability (88%). Six of the 8 participants (75%) rated the simulation as "excellent." Four of the 5 women (80%) and none of the 3 men (20%) participating in the virtual objective structured clinical examination needed navigation assistance in the 3-D virtual house.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 3-D, avatar-based, virtual geriatric home safety objective structured clinical examination is a practical and acceptable alternative to the traditional home safety visits in an objective structured clinical examination setting.
authors.forename: Allen D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cifuentes
authors.forename: Marcelo C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Ramanakumar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anam
authors.forename: Bernard A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.forename: Jorge G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ruiz