title: Evaluation of cardiac auscultation skills in pediatric residents.
abstract: Auscultation skills are in decline, but few studies have shown which specific aspects are most difficult for trainees. We evaluated individual aspects of cardiac auscultation among pediatric residents using recorded heart sounds to determine which elements pose the most difficulty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Auscultation proficiency was assessed among 34 trainees following a pediatric cardiology rotation using an open-set format evaluation module, similar to the actual clinical auscultation description process.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing normal from abnormal cases was 73%. Findings most commonly correctly identified included pathological systolic and diastolic murmurs and widely split second heart sounds. Those least likely to be identified included continuous murmurs and clicks. Accuracy was low for identifying specific diagnoses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given time constraints for clinical skills teaching, this suggests that focusing on distinguishing normal from abnormal heart sounds and murmurs instead of making specific diagnoses may be a more realistic goal for pediatric resident auscultation training.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Komal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: W Reid
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D006326:Heart Auscultation; D006337:Heart Murmurs / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity