title: Elevation of soluble major histocompatibility complex class I related chain A protein in malignant and infectious diseases in Chinese patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Elevation of soluble major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A (sMICA) products in serum has been linked to tissue/organ transplantation, autoimmune diseases and some malignant disorders. Cells infected by microbiological pathogens may release sMICA, whereas less is known whether and to what extent serum sMICA levels may change in infectious diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study determined serum sMICA levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a southern China population, including patients (n = 1041) suffering from several types of malignant and infectious diseases and healthy controls (n = 141).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relative to controls, serum sMICA elevation was significant in patients of hepatic cancer, and was approaching statistical significance in patients with lung, gastric and nasopharyngeal cancers. sMICA elevation was also associated with some bacterial (Enterobacteriaceae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive cocci), viral (hepatitis B and C) and the Microspironema pallidum infections.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum sMICA levels may be informative for the diagnosis of some malignant and infectious diseases. The results also indicate that microbiological infections should be considered as a potential confounding clinical condition causing serum sMICA elevation while using this test to evaluate the status of other disorders, such as cancers, host-graft response and autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanhua University, Hengyang, China. yanxiaoxin@csu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Xiaoxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ju-Fang
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.forename: Qiuqui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yanwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guanmin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Leping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Xiao-Xin
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Renxian
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D003710:Demography; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012015:Reference Standards; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; C099187:MHC class I-related chain A