title: Long-term skeletal and profile stability after surgical-orthodontic treatment of Class II and Class III malocclusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this perspective research was to study the long-term stability of skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft tissue after orthognathic surgery in subjects presenting with Class II and Class III malocclusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The available digitized cephalometric radiographs, including pretreatment (t0), presurgery (t1), a minimum of 12 months postsurgery (t2) and at least 3 years after the orthosurgery treatment (t3) were taken between 1998 and 2010. In Group 1 mandibular advancement and in Group 2 mandibular advancement and maxillary impaction surgery were performed for correction of Class II. In Group 3 maxillary advancement and in Group 4 surgical maxillary advancement with mandibular setback, for correction of Class III.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all the phases mandibular length was shorter in Group 1, and the inferior third of the face was longer in Group 2. Before the surgery there was greater maxillary deficiency in Group 3 than Group 4 and mandibular length was longer in Group 4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Groups 1 and 2, at retention phase, relapse occurred due to the increase in mandibular plane, whereas the surgeries performed in Groups 3 and 4 remained stable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. anadelourdessl@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ana de Lourdes Sá
authors.initials: Ade L
authors.lastname: de Lir
authors.forename: Walter Leal
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: de Moura
authors.forename: Antonio Carlos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Oliveira Ruellas
authors.forename: Margareth Maria
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gomes Souza
authors.forename: Lincoln Issamu
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Nojima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002680:Chin / Q000473:pathology; D005145:Face; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008046:Lip / Q000473:pathology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019186:Mandibular Advancement / Q000379:methods; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000473:pathology; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D014716:Vertical Dimension; D055815:Young Adult