title: Multiple-pass high-pressure homogenization of milk for the development of pasteurization-like processing conditions.
abstract: Multiple-pass ultrahigh pressure homogenization (UHPH) was used for reducing microbial population of both indigenous spoilage microflora in whole raw milk and a baroresistant pathogen (Staphylococcus aureus) inoculated in whole sterile milk to define pasteurization-like processing conditions. Response surface methodology was followed and multiple response optimization of UHPH operating pressure (OP) (100, 175, 250 MPa) and number of passes (N) (1-5) was conducted through overlaid contour plot analysis. Increasing OP and N had a significant effect (P < 0·05) on microbial reduction of both spoilage microflora and Staph. aureus in milk. Optimized UHPH processes (five 202-MPa passes; four 232-MPa passes) defined a region where a 5-log(10) reduction of total bacterial count of milk and a baroresistant pathogen are attainable, as a requisite parameter for establishing an alternative method of pasteurization. Multiple-pass UHPH optimized conditions might help in producing safe milk without the detrimental effects associated with thermal pasteurization.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Espinosa
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Amador-Espejo
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Barcenas-Pozos
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Angulo-Guerrero
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Welti-Chanes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005516:Food Microbiology / Q000379:methods*; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D061352:Pasteurization / Q000379:methods*; D011312:Pressure; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature