title: Kidney disease in hospitalised HIV positive children in Ibadan, south west Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a paucity of data on the clinicopathologic pattern of kidney disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive children from sub-Saharan Africa and non from south west Nigeria.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the clinical pattern and outcome of kidney disease among HIV positive children hospitalised at a tertiary hospital South West Nigeria
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of all HIV positive children who were hospitalised and managed for kidney diseases over a period of 78 months at the University College Hospital Ibadan, South West Nigeria. Patients were followed up over the duration of hospital admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten children (six males and four females) aged 4-15 (10.4 +/- 3.2) years were identified. Four presented in acute kidney injury, (AKI) three with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and two in chronic kidney failure (CKF). One patient had left renal artery stenosis. Renal biopsy performed in three children showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in two patients and membranous nephropathy in the third. Management included antiretroviral therapy, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and acute haemodialysis. Mortality was 40%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AKI, NS and CKF were the predominant clinical patterns of kidney disease in hospitalised HIV positive children and the mortality is high.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. dr_deboademola@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Ademola
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Asinobi
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Oladokun
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Ogunkunle
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Okoloz
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Ogbole
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data