title: Three-stage binary switching of azoaromatic polybase.
abstract: An OFF-ON-OFF-type three-stage binary switching was realized with an azoaniline-based polybase 1. The optical properties of 1 and [1·2H](2+) are essentially indistinguishable to the naked eye but distinctively different from those of [1·H](+) to produce an unusual bell-shaped response as a function of protonation state; the underlying molecular mechanism was unraveled by a combination of experimental and DFT computational studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States.
authors.forename: Ho Yong
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: András
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olasz
authors.forename: Chun-Hsing
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Dongwhan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee