title: Focused ultrasound therapy for vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia in a mice model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of focused ultrasound (FU) for the treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) in a mice model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Estradiol benzoate was subcutaneously injected into the abdomens of eighty 129/J mice. VIN was successfully induced in 56 mice and was divided into the FU group and the control group. Pathologic features and changes in vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the lesions were analyzed before and after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two months after treatment, lesions in 25 of the 56 mice showed restoration of normal skin. Nineteen of the 21 VINI and VINII lesions returned to normal and the other 2 VINII lesions were down graded to VINI, yielding a curative rate of 90.1%. In the control group, all 21 mice had persistent VIN (P < 0.0001). In the 14 mice with VINIII lesions, 6 returned to normal skin histology representing a curative rate of 42.9%, 5 were reclassified as VINI and 3 were reclassified as VINII. Thus, the total effectiveness rate was 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests that FU therapy is effective, noninvasive and safe in treating VIN in a mice model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (YJ, JW, GL, JY, LT), the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Breast Surgery (LC), the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu City, Chengdu, China; and Biomedical Engineering College (CL), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Guangdong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Jiayi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Liangdan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Chengzhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D057507:Mice, 129 Strain; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014844:Vulva / Q000473:pathology; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*