title: Circumscribed choroidal haemangioma mimicking chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.
abstract: We describe a rare case of bilateral circumscribed choroidal haemangioma in an otherwise healthy male, which mimicked chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). A 52-year-old Asian man presented with a one-year history of visual decline in his left eye. The vision in the right eye had been reduced for 15 years. Visual acuity was 6/60 in the right eye and 6/18 in the left eye. Fundus examination of the right eye revealed an area of discoloration with overlying retinal pigment epithelial changes in the macula and evidence of prior surrounding argon laser photocoagulation. The left macula showed a raised choroidal lesion with overlying retinal pigment epithelial changes and associated subretinal fluid. This appearance illustrates how chronic retinal pigment epithelial alterations associated with longstanding subretinal fluid exudation from circumscribed choroidal haemangiomas may mimick the appearance of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. B-scan ultrasonography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography helped to establish the diagnosis. The active lesion in the left eye was treated with verteporfin photodynamic therapy with improvement in vision.
authors.affiliation: Moorfields eye hospital, 162, city road, London EC1V 2PD, United Kingdom. waheeda.rahman@moorfields.nhs.uk
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Horgan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hungerford
mesh_terms: D056833:Central Serous Chorioretinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D058471:Subretinal Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014463:Ultrasonography; D000077362:Verteporfin
chemical_list: D011166:Porphyrins; D000077362:Verteporfin; D007208:Indocyanine Green