title: Social insurance for dental care in Iran: a developing scheme for a developing country.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to describe the current situation with regard to dental care provided under social insurance in Iran in qualitative terms and to assess it critically with regard to equity and efficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a thorough review of the relevant literature, a template of topics, which included population coverage, range of treatment provided, contracting mechanisms, fees, level of co-payments and dental share of total health expenditures, was developed by a panel of Iranian health finance experts. It was used during interviews with informed persons from the different Iranian social funds. These interviews were recorded and transcribed. The transcriptions were checked for accuracy by those who had been interviewed and were then analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that, currently, four major social funds are involved in health (including dental) insurance in Iran, under the supervision of The Supreme Council of Health Insurance, located at the newly integrated Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour & Social Welfare. Around 90% of Iranians are covered for health insurance within a Bismarckian system to which the employed, the employers, and the Government contribute. The system has developed piecemeal over the years and is characterised by a complexity of revenue-collection schemes, fragmented insurance pools, and passive purchasing of dental services.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dental sector of Iranian social insurance should establish a strategic purchasing plan for dental care with the aim of improving performance and access to care. Within the plan, there should be a basic benefit package of dental services based on the relative cost-effectiveness of interventions, educating an adequate number of allied dental professionals to provide simple services, and introducing mixed payment methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry,Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad-Pooyan
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Jadidfard
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yazdani
authors.forename: Mohammad-Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Khoshnevisan
mesh_terms: D032982:Contracts; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003727:Dental Auxiliaries / Q000193:education; D003729:Dental Care / Q000191:economics*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005250:Fees, Dental; D005380:Financing, Government / Q000191:economics; D005381:Financing, Organized / Q000191:economics; D006077:Government Agencies; D006264:Health Benefit Plans, Employee; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D061889:Healthcare Financing; D006801:Humans; D007342:Insurance Benefits; D019458:Insurance Coverage; D015271:Insurance Pools; D007347:Insurance, Dental; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000145:classification; D007492:Iran; D012051:Reimbursement Mechanisms / Q000191:economics; D012943:Social Security / Q000458:organization & administration*