title: Inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B activation in early-stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia by omega-3 fatty acids.
abstract: Targeting the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway is proposed as therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We hypothesized that an omega-3 fatty acids (n-3) supplement would suppress NFκB activation in lymphocytes of Rai Stage 0-1 CLL patients. The initial dose of 2.4 g n-3/day was gradually increased to 7.2 g n-3/day. After n-3 consumption: 1) plasma n-3 increased; 2) NFκB activation was suppressed in lymphocytes; 3) in vitro sensitivity of lymphocytes to doxorubicin was increased; and 4) expression of 32 genes in lymphocytes was significantly decreased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington,WV 25755, USA.
authors.forename: Johannes F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Fahrmann
authors.forename: Oscar F
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: Ballester
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ballester
authors.forename: Theodore R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.forename: Alexander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kordusky
authors.forename: Kelsey G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Cowen
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ion
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Primerano
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boskovic
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Denvir
authors.forename: W Elaine
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Hardman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004317:Doxorubicin