title: Interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the classification and diagnosis for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the cervical spine has been classified into four types by lateral plain radiographs, but the reliability of the classification and of the diagnosis of either cervical OPLL or cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) was unknown. We investigated the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the classification and diagnosis for OPLL by radiographs and computed tomography (CT) images.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 16 observers classified each patient's images into five groups; OPLL continuous, segmental, mixed, circumscribed type, or CSM. To evaluate interobserver reliability, the observers first classified only radiograph images, and next both radiographs and CT images. On another day they followed the same procedure to evaluate intraobserver reliability. We also evaluated interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the diagnosis of either cervical OPLL or CSM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interobserver reliability of the classification with radiographs only showed moderate agreement, but interobserver reliability with both radiographs and CT images showed substantial agreement. Intraobserver of reliability the classification was also improved by additional CT images. Interobserver reliability of the diagnosis with both radiographs and CT images was almost similar to with radiographs only. Intraobserver reliability of the diagnosis was improved by additional CT images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggested that the reliability of the classification and diagnosis for cervical OPLL was improved by additional CT images. We propose that diagnostic criteria for OPLL include both radiographs and CT images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Eiki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsushima
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Numasawa
authors.forename: Kanichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Sunao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toh
mesh_terms: D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D017887:Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*