title: HIV-1 subtype is an independent predictor of reverse transcriptase mutation K65R in HIV-1 patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy including tenofovir.
abstract: Subtype-dependent selection of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase resistance mutation K65R was previously observed in cell culture and small clinical investigations. We compared K65R prevalence across subtypes A, B, C, F, G, and CRF02_AG separately in a cohort of 3,076 patients on combination therapy including tenofovir. K65R selection was significantly higher in HIV-1 subtype C. This could not be explained by clinical and demographic factors in multivariate analysis, suggesting subtype sequence-specific K65R pathways.
authors.affiliation: Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. kristof.theys@rega.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Theys
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vercauteren
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Snoeck
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zazzi
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schülter
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clotet
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sönnerborg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Grossman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Struck
authors.forename: A-M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vandamme
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Abecasis
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068698:Tenofovir
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D000068698:Tenofovir; C514824:reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D000225:Adenine