title: Anti-diabetic activity of chromium picolinate and biotin in rats with type 2 diabetes induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate anti-diabetic effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic) and biotin supplementations in type 2 diabetic rats. The type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin. The rats were divided into five groups as follows: (1) non-diabetic rats fed a regular diet; (2) diabetic rats fed a HFD; (3) diabetic rats fed a HFD and supplemented with CrPic (80 μg/kg body weight (BW) per d); (4) diabetic rats fed a HFD and supplemented with biotin (300 μg/kg BW per d); (5) diabetic rats fed a HFD and supplemented with both CrPic and biotin. Circulating glucose, cortisol, total cholesterol, TAG, NEFA and malondialdehyde concentrations decreased (P< 0·05), but serum insulin concentrations increased (P< 0·05) in diabetic rats treated with biotin and CrPic, particularly with a combination of the supplements. Feeding a HFD to diabetic rats decreased PPAR-γ expression in adipose tissue and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (p-IRS-1) expression of liver, kidney and muscle tissues, while the supplements increased (P< 0·001) PPAR-γ and p-IRS-1 expressions in relevant tissues. Expression of NF-κB in the liver and kidney was greater in diabetic rats fed a HFD, as compared with rats fed a regular diet (P< 0·01). The supplements decreased the expression of NF-κB in diabetic rats (P< 0·05). Results of the present study revealed that supplementing CrPic and biotin alone or in a combination exerts anti-diabetic activities, probably through modulation of PPAR-γ, IRS-1 and NF-κB proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey. nsahinkm@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Kazim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuzcu
authors.forename: Cemal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Orhan
authors.forename: Nurhan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kucuk
authors.forename: Ibrahim H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Ozercan
authors.forename: Vijaya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Juturu
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Komorowski
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001710:Biotin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D010848:Picolinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; C526296:Irs1 protein, rat; D008055:Lipids; D018977:Micronutrients; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010848:Picolinic Acids; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013311:Streptozocin; D001710:Biotin; C030614:picolinic acid; D006854:Hydrocortisone