title: Triacylglycerol stereospecific analysis and linear discriminant analysis for milk speciation.
abstract: Product authenticity is an important topic in dairy sector. Dairy products sold for public consumption must be accurately labelled in accordance with the contained milk species. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), a common chemometric procedure, has been applied to fatty acid% composition to classify pure milk samples (cow, ewe, buffalo, donkey, goat). All original grouped cases were correctly classified, while 90% of cross-validated grouped cases were correctly classified. Another objective of this research was the characterisation of cow-ewe milk mixtures in order to reveal a common fraud in dairy field, that is the addition of cow to ewe milk. Stereospecific analysis of triacylglycerols (TAG), a method based on chemical-enzymatic procedures coupled with chromatographic techniques, has been carried out to detect fraudulent milk additions, in particular 1, 3, 5% cow milk added to ewe milk. When only TAG composition data were used for the elaboration, 75% of original grouped cases were correctly classified, while totally correct classified samples were obtained when both total and intrapositional TAG data were used. Also the results of cross validation were better when TAG stereospecific analysis data were considered as LDA variables. In particular, 100% of cross-validated grouped cases were obtained when 5% cow milk mixtures were considered.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Estimative e degli Alimenti, Sezione di Chimica Bromatologica, Biochimica, Fisiologia e Nutrizione, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blasi
authors.forename: Germana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Damiani
authors.forename: Maria Stella
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Simonetti
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giua
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cossignani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002020:Buffaloes; D002417:Cattle; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D018397:Equidae; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D006041:Goats; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification*; D012756:Sheep; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides