title: Ischemic oculomotor nerve palsy and skin necrosis caused by vascular embolization after hyaluronic acid filler injection: a case report.
abstract: Hyaluronic acid filler injection is widely used for soft tissue augmentation. However, there can be disastrous complications by direct vascular embolization. We present a case of ischemic oculomotor nerve palsy and skin necrosis after hyaluronic acid filler injection on glabellar.blepharoptosis, exotropia and diplopia developed suddenly after the injection, and skin necrosis gradually occurred. Symptoms and signs of oculomotor nerve palsy continuously improved with steroid therapy. Skin defects healed with minimal scars through intensive wound care.Percutaneous filler injection of periorbital areas should be performed carefully by experienced surgeons, and the possibility of embolization should be considered promptly if symptoms develop.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Human Tissue Restoration, and †Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Gee
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Jong Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Tai Suk
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Young Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Kyun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Rah
authors.forename: Sung Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D009336:Necrosis / Q000209:etiology; D009666:Nose; D015840:Oculomotor Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D015356:Retinal Artery Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid