title: [Evaluating the antimicrobial resistance on bacteria isolated iat a third-level hospital].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  nosocomial infections are cause of morbidity and mortality and also increased costs. The aim was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance in isolated clinical gram-positive and negative bacteria in a period of five years.
  
  
  METHODS
  a retrospective descriptive epidemiological study was done. Analysis of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria Gram-positive and negative of 5117 clinical crops was done. Trend of proportions with Chi square (χ(2)) value of < 0.05 p was applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the analyzed a sample crops, bacteria Gram-positive corresponded to 2622 (52.2 %) and bacteria gram negative to the 48.8 %. There is an increasing linear trend of resistance to antibiotics of Gram-positive: ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, streptomycin, penicillin, piperacillin / tazobactam, levofloxacin. For negative Gram: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cefazolin, cefepime, gatifloxacin, imipenem, piperacillin, tetracycline, ticarcillin clavulanic, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, meropenem, levofloxacin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the increase of antimicrobial resistance forces to control the use of antibiotics drugs in the hospital behavior.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, León, Guanajuato, Mexico. fidencia.duarte@imss.gob.mx
authors.forename: Fidencia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Duarte-Raya
authors.forename: Martha Patricia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Granados-Ramírez
mesh_terms: D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers