title: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection with microsurgically retrieved spermatozoa in azoospermic men infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 or hepatitis C virus: the EP43 AZONECO ANRS study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the viral contamination of sperm obtained after testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) in men with azoospermia and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis C virus infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fertility clinic, and reproductive technology and virology laboratories.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six men with azoospermia: two HIV-1 infected with undetectable blood viral load and four HCV infected with detectable blood viral load.
  
  
  METHODS
  Processing by gradients density centrifugation and washing of surgically recovered sperm (TESE and MESA); virological analysis; in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Detection of HIV-1 RNA or HCV RNA in gradient supernatants, testis tissues and final processed spermatozoa, and of HIV-1 DNA in testis tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gradient supernatants and testis tissues tested HCV RNA positive in all cases while processed spermatozoa always tested negative. Gradient supernatants, testis tissues, and processed spermatozoa tested HIV-1 RNA negative. HIV-1 DNA was detectable in one testis tissue. All female partners tested HCV or HIV negative after ICSI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Density gradient and washing suppressed virus detection in final suspensions of testicular and epididymal spermatozoa. ICSI after MESA or TESE appears to be feasible and could be offered in azoospermic men infected by HCV or HIV.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. marianne.leruez@nck.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leruez-Ville
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thiounn
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Poirot
authors.forename: Odile
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Launay
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sogni
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grabar
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dulioust
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*; D053625:Sperm Retrieval; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral