title: Chemical characterisation of kernels, kernel meals and oils from Jatropha cordata and Jatropha cardiophylla seeds.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Jatropha cordata and Jatropha cardiophylla are native to northwestern Mexico and are adapted to arid and semi-arid conditions (<500 mm of precipitation and temperatures from 8 to 45 °C). The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of J. cordata and J. cardiophylla kernels and oils as well as antinutrients in the defatted kernel meals of these species.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kernels of J. cordata and J. cardiophylla seeds analysed in this study were rich in crude protein (283 and 289 g kg(-1) respectively) and lipid (517 and 537 g kg(-1) respectively). The main fatty acids in J. cordata and J. cardiophylla oils were linoleic and oleic acids. High levels of trypsin inhibitor and phytates and low levels of saponins were present in the meals. The phorbol ester contents in J. cordata and J. cardiophylla kernel meals were 2.73 and 1.46 mg g(-1) respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For both J. cordata and J. cardiophylla it could be inferred that (a) the oil and kernel meal were toxic and the kernel meal could be used as livestock feed only after detoxification, (b) the oil could be used for non-alimentary purposes, i.e. biodiesel production, and (c) the seed or oil could be used for isolating various bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical and agricultural applications.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de la Universidad de Sonora, Rosales y Blvd Luis Encinas, CP 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
authors.forename: Nohemí
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gámez-Meza
authors.forename: Perla P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Alday-Lara
authors.forename: Harinder P S
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Makkar
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Medina-Juárez
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D056804:Biofuels; D004345:Drug Industry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D007221:Industry; D031286:Jatropha / Q000737:chemistry*; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000032:analysis; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D012503:Saponins / Q000032:analysis; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D010938:Plant Oils; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012503:Saponins; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors; D019301:Oleic Acid; D010833:Phytic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid