title: FTO and MC4R gene variants determine BMI changes in children after intensive lifestyle intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between common FTO (rs17817449) and MC4R (rs17782313) gene variants and body mass reduction or weight loss after a one-month lifestyle intervention in overweight/obese children.
  
  
  METHODS
  We genotyped 357 unrelated non-diabetic Czech children (age 13.7 ± 4.9 years, average BMI at baseline 30.8 ± 4.6 kg/m(2)). Biochemical and anthropometrical measurements were performed before and after 4 weeks of lifestyle interventions (comprising a reduction in energy intake to the age-matched optimum and a supervised exercise program consisting of 5 exercise units per day, 50 min each).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean weight loss achieved was 6.2 ± 2.1 kg (P<0.001). Significant associations were found between a BMI decrease and the FTO and MC4R variants. Carriers of the FTO GG genotype and/or MC4R CC genotype lost significantly more body weight compared to noncarriers (P<0.0009 for BMI and P<0.002 for body weight). These differences remained significant following adjustment for sex, age and baseline values (P=0.004 for BMI and P=0.01 for body weight).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FTO and MC4R gene variants modify the impact of an intensive lifestyle intervention on BMI decrease in overweight/obese children. Carriers of the FTO GG genotype and MC4R CC genotype benefit significantly more from the lifestyle intervention.
authors.affiliation: 3rd Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic. l.zlato@tiscali.cz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zlatohlavek
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vrablik
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Motykova
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ceska
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vasickova
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dlouha
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hubacek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D002149:Energy Intake; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D050177:Overweight / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs
chemical_list: C470072:MC4R protein, human; D011506:Proteins; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human