title: Effectiveness of EarthTec(®) for killing invasive quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) and preventing their colonization in the Western United States.
abstract: Quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) have created economic and ecological impacts in the western United States since their discovery in 2007. This study focuses on chemical control for preventing the spread of these mussels. The effectiveness of EarthTec(®) in killing quagga mussels (adults, juveniles, and veligers) in Lake Mead, Nevada-Arizona, was evaluated over time across six concentrations: 0, 1, 5, 10, 17, and 83 ppm. One hundred percent mortality of adult and juvenile mussels was achieved after 96 h with 17 ppm and 5 ppm (respectively), and 100% veliger mortality occurred within 30 min at 3 ppm. From December 2010 to February 2011, the effectiveness of EarthTec(®) in preventing veliger colonization was also evaluated and the results showed that 2.8 ppm was effective in preventing veliger colonization on fiberglass panels. This study indicates that EarthTec(®) has the potential to be an effective control agent against the invasive quagga mussel, and more specifically, in preventing the colonization of veligers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-3064, USA.
authors.forename: Ashlie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watters
authors.forename: Shawn L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gerstenberger
authors.forename: Wai Hing
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057219:Biofouling / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019327:Copper Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D049875:Dreissena / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008975:Molluscacides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010571:Pest Control / Q000379:methods*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D008975:Molluscacides; D019327:Copper Sulfate