title: Physical activity interacts with adiposity in determining cardiometabolic risk in adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been negatively associated with cardiometabolic risk. We sought to determine if MVPA interacts with body-mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in determining cardiometabolic risk in adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study included cardiometabolic risk (blood pressure [BP], nonfasting lipids) screening and a 7-day recall physical activity questionnaire in 4,104 adolescents (51% male; mean age: 14.6 ± 0.5 years old). WC- and BMI- percentiles were used to define anthropometric categories (including obese adolescents: 90th WC, 85th BMI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Obesity in adolescents was associated with lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol (Estimate [EST]: -0.28(0.07) mmol/L, p < .001) and higher non-HDL cholesterol (EST: +0.38(0.14) mmol/L, p = .008). Each additional day with 20 min of MVPA was associated with lower non-HDL cholesterol (EST: -0.014(0.005) mmol/L/days/week, p = .003), independent of anthropometric category. Each additional day with 20 min of MVPA was associated with an increased odds ratio (OR) for higher BP category in obese adolescents (OR: 1.055, 95% CI: 1.028-1.084, p < .001) and a lower odds ratio for higher BP category in presumably-muscular adolescents (OR: 0.968, 95% CI: 0.934-0.989, p = .005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An increase in MVPA was associated with an increased likelihood for higher BP category in obese adolescents. The dose-response relationship between physical activity and cardiometabolic risk needs to be evaluated in adolescents of varying anthropometry categories.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Cardiology - CVCRU, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Banks
authors.forename: Cedric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manlhiot
authors.forename: Stafford W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Dobbin
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stearne
authors.forename: Jolie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davies-Shaw
authors.forename: Nita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chahal
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McCrindle
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000502:physiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose