title: Steroids and insulin resistance in pregnancy.
abstract: Metabolism of glucose during pregnancy reflects the equilibrium between lactogenic hormones stimulating insulin production and counterregulatory hormones inducing insulin resistance. In physiological pregnancies, insulin-mediated glucose uptake is substantially decreased and insulin secretion increased to maintain euglycemia. This common state of peripheral insulin resistance arises also due to steroid spectra changes. In this review article, we have focused on the role of steroid hormones (androgens, estrogens, gestagens, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, as well as secosteroid vitamin D) in the impairment of glucose tolerance in pregnancy and in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Pregnancy and Steroids'.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: dvejrazkova@endo.cz.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vejrazkova
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vcelak
authors.forename: Marketa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vankova
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lukasova
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bradnova
authors.forename: Tereza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Halkova
authors.forename: Radmila
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kancheva
authors.forename: Bela
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bendlova
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D011247:Pregnancy; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D014807:Vitamin D