title: Preconceptional motivational interviewing interventions to reduce alcohol-exposed pregnancy risk.
abstract: Alcohol exposed pregnancy (AEP) is a leading cause of preventable birth defects. While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that multi-session motivational interviewing-based interventions reduce AEP risk, a one-session intervention could facilitate broader implementation. The purposes of this study were to: (1) test a one-session motivational AEP prevention intervention for community women and (2) compare outcomes to previous RCTs. Participants at risk for AEP (N=217) were randomized to motivational interviewing+assessment feedback (EARLY), informational video, or informational brochure conditions. Outcomes were drinks per drinking day (DDD), ineffective contraception rate, and AEP risk at 3 and 6 months. All interventions were associated with decreased DDD, ineffective contraception rate, and AEP risk. Participants who received EARLY had larger absolute risk reductions in ineffective contraception and AEP risk, but not DDD. Effect sizes were compared to previous RCTs. The one-session EARLY intervention had less powerful effects than multi-session AEP prevention interventions among community women, but may provide a new option in a continuum of preventive care.
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, Center for Addiction Research and Education, 1670 Discovery Drive Suite 110, Charlottesville VA 22911, USA. kareningersoll@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Karen S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ingersoll
authors.forename: Sherry D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Ceperich
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hettema
authors.forename: Leah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Farrell-Carnahan
authors.forename: J Kim
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Penberthy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000517:prevention & control; D003267:Contraception; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D009042:Motivation; D062405:Motivational Interviewing; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012107:Research Design; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome