title: Percutaneous closure of a post-traumatic ventricular septal defect with a patent ductus arteriosus occluder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ventricular septal defects resulting from post-traumatic cardiac injury are very rare. Percutaneous closure has emerged as a method for treating this disorder. We wish to report our experience in three patients who underwent percutaneous closure of a post-traumatic ventricular septal defect with a patent ductus arteriosus occluder.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated three patients with post-traumatic ventricular septal defects caused by stab wounds with knives. After the heart wound was repaired, patient examinations revealed ventricular septal defects with pulmonary/systemic flow ratios (Qp/Qs) of over 1.7. The post-traumatic ventricular septal defects were closed percutaneously with a patent ductus arteriosus occluder (Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., LTD, Guangdong, China) utilizing standard techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Post-operative transthoracic echocardiography revealed no residual left-to-right shunt and indicated normal ventricular function. In addition, 320-slice computerized tomography showed that the occluder was well placed and exhibited normal morphology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experiences indicate that closure of a post-traumatic ventricular septal defect using a patent ductus arteriosus occluder is feasible, safe, and effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Er-Ping
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shui-Bo
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Gui-Lin
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong-Qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000601:surgery*; D004452:Echocardiography; D006335:Heart Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000293:injuries; D006801:Humans; D055989:Septal Occluder Device; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014951:Wounds, Stab / Q000150:complications; D055815:Young Adult