title: NaGdF4 nanoparticle-based molecular probes for magnetic resonance imaging of intraperitoneal tumor xenografts in vivo.
abstract: Differently sized NaGdF(4) nanocrystals with narrow particle size distributions were synthesized by a high temperature approach. Upon ligand exchange, the as-prepared hydrophobic NaGdF(4) nanocrystals were transferred into water by using asymmetric PEGs simultaneously bearing phosphate and maleimide groups. Further investigations demonstrated that the water-soluble NaGdF(4) nanocrystals, coated by PEG bearing two phosphate groups on the same side, exhibit not only excellent colloidal stability in water and PBS buffer, but also higher T1 relaxivity than Gd-DTPA (Magnevist). Through "click" reaction between the maleimide residue on particle surface and thiol group from the partly reduced anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody (mAb), NaGdF(4)-PEG-mAb nanoprobes were constructed, and their biocompatibility and binding specificity were evaluated through in vitro experiments. A series of in vivo experiments were then carried out for detecting intraperitoneal tumor xenografts in nude mice by using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique. The results revealed that the NaGdF(4)-PEG-mAb probes possessed satisfying tumor-specific targeting ability and strong MR contrast enhancement effects.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Ruirui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Xuxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chengyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhaofei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mingyuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D015336:Molecular Probe Techniques; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D005682:Gadolinium