title: Cardiac troponins I and T: molecular markers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and accurate triaging of patients with acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of death worldwide, with early diagnosis still being difficult. Promising new cardiac biomarkers such as troponins and creatine kinase (CK) isoforms are being studied and integrated into clinical practice for early diagnosis of AMI. The cardiac-specific troponins I and T (cTnI and cTnT) have good sensitivity and specificity as indicators of myocardial necrosis and are superior to CK and its MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) in this regard. Besides being potential biologic markers, cardiac troponins also provide significant prognostic information. The introduction of novel high-sensitivity troponin assays has enabled more sensitive and timely diagnosis or exclusion of acute coronary syndromes. This review summarizes the available information on the potential of troponins and other cardiac markers in early diagnosis and prognosis of AMI, and provides perspectives on future diagnostic approaches to AMI.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Division, RFCL Limited (formerly Ranbaxy Fine Chemicals Limited), Avantor Performance Materials, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ram P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Anubhav
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Zakir
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Veena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kohli
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Bharmal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kartikeyan
authors.forename: Prakash S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Bisen
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014218:Triage / Q000379:methods*; D019210:Troponin I / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020107:Troponin T / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019210:Troponin I; D020107:Troponin T