title: Selection of suitable reference genes for normalization of quantitative real-time PCR in cartilage tissue injury and repair in rabbits.
abstract: When studying the altered expression of genes associated with cartilage regeneration by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR), reference genes with highly stable expression during different stages of chondrocyte developmental are necessary to normalize gene expression accurately. Until now, no reports evaluating expression changes of commonly used reference genes in rabbit articular cartilage have been published. In this study, defects were made in rabbit articular cartilage, with or without insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) treatment, to create different chondrocyte living environments. The stability and intensity of the expressions of the candidate reference genes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), 18S Ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA), cyclophilin (CYP), hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT1), and beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) were evaluated. The data were analyzed by geNorm and NormFinder. B2M and 18S rRNA were identified to be suitable reference genes for rabbit cartilage tissues.
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Shandong 261053, China. dongchun.liang@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xiang
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Rong-Lan
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Hai-Rong
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shu-Ya
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Guang-Zhou
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dong-Chun
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D023421:Models, Animal; D011817:Rabbits; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000235:genetics*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000235:genetics*