title: Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in hormone signaling during health and disease.
abstract: Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a dimeric transcription factor identified as the major regulator of hypoxic responses in cells. Its activity is mainly regulated by protein stability. In well-oxygenated tissues prolyl hydroxylases hydroxylate HIF-1 α and HIF-2 α protein to provoke their proteasomal degradation. Under hypoxia the α -subunits are stabilized and dimerize with ß-subunits to constitute active transcriptional complexes. As the α-subunits are constantly translated and degraded, any interference with cellular translation will alter HIF-α expression and HIF activity. Cytokines such as interleukins or interferons as well as growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor or insulin-like growth factor are good examples of hormones that affect transcription, translation, or degradation of HIF-1 α. In turn, HIF specific target genes also modulate the expression and/or signaling quality of cytokines or growth factors to create signal amplifying/intercepting cellular networks. We define how these signaling circuits promote or delay the progression of diseases and describe potential outcomes for patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry I/ZAFES, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dehne
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fuhrmann
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brüne
mesh_terms: D004194:Disease; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006262:Health; D006728:Hormones / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010770:Phosphotransferases