title: Increased serum interleukin-34 in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated levels of interleukin (IL)-34, a proinflammatory cytokine, in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Following coronary artery angiography, 91 patients with CAD (including stable and unstable angina pectoris) were divided into two groups,  the CAD group (coronary artery stenosis ≥ 50%) and the control group (coronary artery stenosis < 50%). Serum levels of factors including IL-34 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-34 and hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in the CAD group than  in the control group (191.3 ± 17.9 pg/ml versus 125.4 ± 14.8 pg/ml and 3.08 ± 1.81 mg/ml versus 1.42 ± 1.01 mg/ml, respectively), with a significantly positive correlation between IL-34 and hs-CRP levels in the CAD group. Multiple regression analysis showed that  IL-34 and hs-CRP levels were independent predictors of CAD (IL-34: odds ratio [OR] 2.073, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.419, 2.672; hs-CRP: OR 1.878, 95% CI 1.172, 2.531).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-34 levels were significantly increased in patients with CAD, and positively correlated with hs-CRP levels,  suggesting that IL-34 may be an independent predictor of CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Huangshi, Huangshi, Hubei Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhenglong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Daoqun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Yongbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xuemin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: C529076:IL34 protein, human; D007378:Interleukins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein