title: [Low-dose radiation induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and activates PERK-CHOP signaling pathway in mouse testicular cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the correlation of low-dose radiation with endoplasmic reticulum stress and the activation of the PERK-CHOP signaling pathway in mouse testicular cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy Kunming mice were randomly assigned to time-effect (0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h of irradiation at 75 mGy) and dose-effect (12 h of irradiation at 0, 50, 75, 100 and 200 mGy) groups. The contents of H202 and MDA were measured by colorimetry with the agent kits, the expressions of GRP78, PERK and CHOP mRNA detected by quantitative RT-PCR, and the levels of GRP7B, PERK, phosphorylated PERK (pho-PERK) and CHOP proteins determined by Western blotting and image analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After whole-body irradiation of the mice with 75 mGy, the content of H2 02 in the testis tissue was increased with time prolongation, while that of MDA decreased slightly at 3 and 6 h and then increased with the lengthening of time, both increased significantly at 12 and 24 h as compared with those at 0 h (P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). Apart from reduced levels of GRP78 mRNA at 3 and 24 h and GRP78 protein at 6 h after irradiation, significant increases were found in the mRNA expressions of GRP78 at 12 h, PERK at 3,6, 12 and 24 hand CHOP at 12 and 24 h (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), as well as in the protein levels of GRP78 at 12 and 24 h, pho-PERK at 3, 12 and 24 h and CHOP at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h in comparison with those at 0 h (P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). No obvious regularity was observed in the change of the PERK protein expression. After 12 h of whole-body irradiation, the content of H202 was increased at 50, 75 and 100 mGy, but decreased slightly at 200 mGy, while that of MDA was increased with dose increasing, with significant increases in the content of H2 02 at 75 and 100 mCy and in that of MDA at 75, 100 and 200 mGy as compared with the 0 mGy group. Apart from the reduced levels of GRP78 mRNA at 50 and 200 mCy, significant increases were found in the mRNA expressions of PERK at 75, 100 and 200 mGy and CHOP at 50, 75, 100 and 200 (P c 0. 05, P < 0.01) as well as in the protein levels of GRP78 at 100 and 200 mGy, pho-PERK at 50, 100 and 200 mGy and CHOP at 50, 75, 100 and 200 mCy as compared with those at 0 mGy (P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). There were differences in the changes of different protein expressions, but no obvious regularity was seen in the change of the PERK protein expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-dose radiation can induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in mouse testicular cells, and activate the PERK-CHOP signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the Chinese Ministry of Health for Radiobiology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Ping-Sheng
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Xiang-Fu
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Shou-Liang
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Zhi-Cheng
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP / Q000378:metabolism*; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase; C497250:Ddit3 protein, mouse; C000717248:Hspa5 protein, mouse