title: Pediatric tuberculosis at Beijing Children's Hospital: 2002-2010.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to describe the patient characteristics, clinical-epidemiological profile, and treatment outcome of childhood tuberculosis (TB).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, descriptive study was undertaken of 1212 children aged 0 to 18 years admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital for the treatment of TB from January 2002 to December 2010. Statistical significance of category variables was evaluated by using Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-four percent of patients had extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), 38.8% had tuberculous meningitis, and 31.3% had disseminated TB. The last 2 types were defined as severe TB. Most patients with TB (81.6%) were cured or completed treatment. There were more patients aged <5 years and from rural areas with EPTB than with pulmonary tuberculosis. More severe cases of TB were found in patients aged <1 year than other less severe types of TB. Patients with no bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination and a contact history at home had a significantly risk of contracting severe TB. Children aged <1 year and those with severe TB were more likely to have poor treatment outcomes (failed to improve or died). Among those with EPTB, only 61.3% and 61.1% had positive results on the purified protein derivative tuberculin skin test and chest radiograph, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this referral hospital setting, more pediatric EPTB and severe TB patients were found among children aged <1 year. Age <1 year and having severe TB were risk factors for treatment failure. Thus, prevention and health care in pediatric TB should focus on both EPTB and severe TB.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital (affiliated with Capital Medical University), Beijing, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing 100045, China.
authors.forename: Xi-Rong
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Qing-Qin
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: An-Xia
authors.initials: AX
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Bao-Ping
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Wei-Wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Adong
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines; D014390:Tuberculosis, Meningeal / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines