title: MicroRNAs, hepatitis C virus, and HCV/HIV-1 co-infection: new insights in pathogenesis and therapy.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can exert a profound effect on Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. The interaction of HCV with the highly liver-enriched miRNA, miR-122 represents one such unique example of viruses having evolved mechanism(s) to usurp the host miRNA machinery to support viral life cycle. Furthermore, HCV infection can also trigger changes in the cellular miRNA profile, which may ultimately contribute to the outcome of viral infection. Accumulating knowledge on HCV-host miRNA interactions has ultimately influenced the design of therapeutic interventions against chronic HCV infection. The importance of microRNA modulation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) replication has been reported, albeit only in the context of HIV-1 mono-infection. The development of HCV infection is dramatically influenced during co-infection with HIV-1. Here, we review the current knowledge on miRNAs in HCV mono-infection. In addition, we discuss the potential role of some miRNAs, identified from the analyses of public data, in HCV/HIV-1 co-infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA. ag434@drexel.edu
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Gokul
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martin-Garcia
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Navas-Martin
mesh_terms: D060085:Coinfection / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000502:physiology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs