title: Phytosomes loaded with mitomycin C-soybean phosphatidylcholine complex developed for drug delivery.
abstract: A novel formulation system of phytosomes loaded with mitomycin C-soybean phosphatidylcholine (MMC-SPC) complex (MMC-loaded phytosomes) was prepared by a solvent evaporation method combined with a nanoprecipitation technique for the purpose of development of an MMC drug delivery system. The MMC-loaded phytosomes were evaluated by average particle size, zeta-potential, and residual drug-loading content as well as an in vitro drug release profile. Furthermore, in vitro stability tests and in vitro/vivo biological evaluations of the MMC-loaded phytosomes were performed. DSC, FTIR, and XRD demonstrated that MMC interacted physically with SPC within the phytosomes. DLS and ELS described a dispersion with an average particle size of 210.87 nm, a narrow size distribution (PDI 0.251), and a zeta-potential of -33.38 mV. SEM, TEM, and AFM images showed that the MMC-loaded phytosomes were spherical and intact vesicles. In vitro stability tests demonstrated that the average particle size and residual drug-loading content of the MMC-loaded phytosomes had no evident change at different storage conditions. In vitro drug release profiles indicated biphasic behavior with an initial burst release, followed by a subsequent prolonged sustained release. In vitro cytotoxicity assays with H(22) cells showed that the MMC-loaded phytosomes had remarkable cytotoxicity. In vivo antitumor effect of the MMC-loaded phytosomes also revealed a dose-dependent and superior curative inhibitory effect on tumor growth without loss of body weight compared to free MMC. Histopathological analysis of specimens taken from tumor tissues indicated that MMC-loaded phytosomes had lethal effect to hepatoma cell. These findings suggested that the MMC-loaded phytosomes can serve as a promising and effective formulation for drug delivery and cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
authors.forename: Zhenqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yuancan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chunxiao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jinyan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yixiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Shuifan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Mengmeng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Shefang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Qiqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004355:Drug Stability; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D010316:Particle Size; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D012997:Solvents; D016685:Mitomycin