title: Growth of functional cranial components in rats with intrauterine growth retardation after treatment with growth hormone.
abstract: The goal of this study was to analyse the effect of growth hormone (GH) on catch-up growth of functional facial (splanchnocranial) and neurocranial components in rats with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: control (C), sham-operated (SH), IUGR, and IUGR + GH. IUGR was surgically induced and GH was administered between 21 and 60 days of age. Radiographs were obtained at 1, 21, 42, 63, and 84 days of age in order to measure length, width, and height of neurocranium (NL, NW, and NH) and face length, width, and height (FL, FW, and FH). Analysis of variance was performed at 1 day of age and a principal components analysis (PCA) at 84 days of age. Neurocranial and facial volumetric indexes were calculated as NVI = (3)√NL × NW × NH and FVI = (3)√FL × FW × FH, respectively, and adjusted by non-linear regression analysis. On postnatal day 1, there were significant differences between SH and IUGR (P < 0.01). Also, in both genders, final neurocranial volume was similar between SH and IUGR + GH groups, while the IUGR group had the lower value (P < 0.01). Final facial volume was similar among the three groups. In both genders, facial growth rates were SH = IUGR > IUGR + GH (P < 0.01). The first axis of the PCA exhibited size effect and the second axis showed shape effect. Reductions of placental blood flow modify cranial growth. The functional neurocranial and facial components in rats with IUGR presented different recovery strategies through modular behaviour, mainly related to modifications of growth rate as response to GH administration.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Genetics Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout (IGEVET), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata-National Council of Scientific Investigations and Techniques. fquintero@fcnym.unlp.edu.ar
authors.forename: Fabián Anibal
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Quintero
authors.forename: Luis Eduardo
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: María Eugenia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.forename: Luis Manuel
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Guimarey
authors.forename: María Florencia
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Cesani
authors.forename: María Cecilia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fucini
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Villanueva
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prio
authors.forename: Evelia Edith
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Oyhenart
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000254:growth & development; D002508:Cephalometry; D005145:Face / Q000196:embryology; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D011247:Pregnancy; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012737:Sex Factors; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone