title: Extraction of primary (baby) teeth for unerupted palatally displaced permanent canine teeth in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The permanent canine tooth in the maxillary (upper) jaw sometimes does not erupt into the mouth correctly. In about 1% to 3% of the population these teeth will be diverted into the roof of the mouth (palatally). It has been suggested that if the primary canine is removed at the right time this palatal eruption might be avoided. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2009.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of extracting the primary maxillary canine on the eruption of the palatally ectopic maxillary permanent canine.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched the following electronic databases: the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 20 April 2012), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2012, Issue 1), MEDLINE via OVID (1946 to 20 April 2012) and EMBASE via OVID (1980 to 20 April 2012). There were no restrictions regarding language or date of publication.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trials were selected if they met the following criteria: a randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trial, involving the extraction of the deciduous maxillary canine and assessing eruption/non-eruption of the palatally displaced maxillary permanent canine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data extraction was undertaken independently by two review authors. The primary outcome was the reported prevalence of eruption or non-eruption of the ectopic permanent canine into the mouth following observation or intervention. Results were to be expressed as risk ratios for dichotomous outcomes with 95% confidence intervals and mean differences for continuous outcomes. Heterogeneity was to be investigated, including both clinical and methodological factors. Authors of trials were contacted to request unpublished data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reports of two randomised controlled trials previously excluded from an earlier version of the review due to "deficiencies in reporting, insufficient data" have now been included. These two trials included approximately 128 children, with more than 150 palatally displaced canine teeth, and both were conducted by the same research group. Data presented in the trial reports are either incomplete or inconsistent. Both trials are at high risk of bias. It must be emphasised that both trials have serious deficiencies in the way they were designed, conducted, and reported, and attempts to contact the authors to obtain detailed information and clarify inconsistencies have been unsuccessful. Allocation to treatment appears to be at the level of the individual, but outcomes of successful treatment relate to included teeth and data are not reported for each treatment group. Adverse effects are not reported. Neither trial provides any evidence to guide clinical decision making.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is currently no evidence of the effects of extraction of primary canine teeth in 10-13 year old children with one or two palatally displaced permanent canine teeth.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Oral Health and Development, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. nicolaparkin@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Parkin
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furness
authors.forename: Anwar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Bikram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thind
authors.forename: Zoe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Marshman
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Glenroy
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: Philip E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Benson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003481:Cuspid / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008437:Maxilla; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014079:Tooth Eruption, Ectopic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous; D014097:Tooth, Unerupted / Q000517:prevention & control*