title: High contrast x-ray speckle from atomic-scale order in liquids and glasses.
abstract: The availability of ultrafast pulses of coherent hard x rays from the Linac Coherent Light Source opens new opportunities for studies of atomic-scale dynamics in amorphous materials. Here, we show that single ultrafast coherent x-ray pulses can be used to observe the speckle contrast in the high-angle diffraction from liquid Ga and glassy Ni(2)Pd(2)P and B(2)O(3). We determine the thresholds above which the x-ray pulses disturb the atomic arrangements. Furthermore, high contrast speckle is observed in scattering patterns from the glasses integrated over many pulses, demonstrating that the source and optics are sufficiently stable for x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy studies of dynamics over a wide range of time scales.
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Hruszkewycz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Fuoss
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosenkranz
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Roseker
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cammarata
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lemke
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gutt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grübel
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Stephenson
mesh_terms: D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D005708:Gallium / Q000737:chemistry; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry; D017785:Photons; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D010758:Phosphorus; C042168:boron oxide; D010165:Palladium; D009532:Nickel; D005708:Gallium