title: Sequential provisional implant prosthodontics therapy.
abstract: The fabrication and long-term use of first- and second-stage provisional implant prostheses is critical to create a favorable prognosis for function and esthetics of a fixed-implant supported prosthesis. The fixed metal and acrylic resin cemented first-stage prosthesis, as reviewed in Part I, is needed for prevention of adjacent and opposing tooth movement, pressure on the implant site as well as protection to avoid micromovement of the freshly placed implant body. The second-stage prosthesis, reviewed in Part II, should be used following implant uncovering and abutment installation. The patient wears this provisional prosthesis until maturation of the bone and healing of soft tissues. The second-stage provisional prosthesis is also a fail-safe mechanism for possible early implant failures and also can be used with late failures and/or for the necessity to repair the definitive prosthesis. In addition, the screw-retained provisional prosthesis is used if and when an implant requires removal or other implants are to be placed as in a sequential approach. The creation and use of both first- and second-stage provisional prostheses involve a restorative dentist, dental technician, surgeon, and patient to work as a team. If the dentist alone cannot do diagnosis and treatment planning, surgery, and laboratory techniques, he or she needs help by employing the expertise of a surgeon and a laboratory technician. This team approach is essential for optimum results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, New York University, College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ira D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Zinner
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Markovits
authors.forename: Curtis E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Patrick E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Yale E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Schnader
authors.forename: Herbert J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shapiro
mesh_terms: D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; D002484:Cementation / Q000379:methods; D003442:Crowns; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D016734:Dental Clasps; D059605:Dental Implant-Abutment Design; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D003794:Dental Restoration, Temporary; D003779:Denture Design; D003781:Denture Retention; D003830:Denture, Partial, Fixed; D003833:Denture, Partial, Temporary; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010348:Patient Care Team; D013997:Time Factors; D014716:Vertical Dimension
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D015921:Dental Implants