title: Lack of MMP-9 expression is a marker for poor prognosis in Dukes' B colorectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a role in cancer progression by degrading extracellular matrix and basement membranes, assisting in tumour neovascularization and in supporting immune response in cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the prognostic value of immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in a series of 619 colorectal cancer patients using tissue microarray specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the samples, 56% were positive for MMP-2, 78% for MMP-8, and 60% for MMP-9. MMP-9 associated with low WHO grade (p < 0.001). In univariate analysis of Dukes' B tumours, MMP-9 negativity associated with poor survival (p = 0.018), and MMP-9 positivity was an independent prognostic marker in multivariate analysis of these tumours (p = 0.034).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Negative MMP-9 expression can predict poor prognosis in Dukes' B colorectal tumours and may prove useful for identifying patients, who should be offered adjuvant treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P,O, Box 440, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland. caj.haglund@hus.fi.
authors.forename: Selja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koskensalo
authors.forename: Jaana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hagström
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Linder
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lundin
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sorsa
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Louhimo
authors.forename: Caj
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haglund