title: Influence of cavity disinfectant and adhesive systems on the bonding procedure in demineralized dentin - a one-year in vitro evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of a 2% chlorhexidine solution (CHX) on the bond strength and nano leakage of two self-etching adhesive systems on demineralized dentin over a 12-month period.
  
  
  METHODS
  The middle dentin from sound third molars was exposed and demineralized in vitro. Twelve groups were formed using different adhesive systems (Clearfil Protect Bond [PB], Clearfil SE Bond [SE]) dentin treatment (with or without CHX application), and water-storage times (24 h, 6 and 12 months). Composite resin cylinders were bonded to the prepared dentin, and these specimens underwent microshear bond strength (µSBS) testing and nano leakage evaluation. µSBS data were submitted to a three-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. The failure mode and nano leakage were analyzed descriptively by score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significant interaction only between the adhesive system and CHX, and adhesive system and water-storage times. SE showed the lowest µSBS just at 24 h water-storage time regardless of CHX. A significant decrease in µSBS values after 6 months of water storage occurred in all of the groups and was maintained until 12 months. Adhesive failure increased with storage time. All groups showed nano leakage at the resin/dentin interfaces and an increased silver deposition was noticed after 6 and 12 months of water storage. The highest percentages of nano leakage were found in CHX groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CHX did not interfere with µSBS values for either self-etching adhesive system, but water storage did. Bond strength decreased for both adhesive systems after 6 and 12 months, regardless of CHX application. Nano leakage increased with water-storage time and with CHX application.
authors.affiliation: State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sacramento
authors.forename: Aline R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: de Castilho
authors.forename: Efani C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Banzi
authors.forename: Regina Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Puppi-Rontani
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003763:Dental Leakage; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003804:Dentin / Q000473:pathology*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000494:pharmacology*; D033081:Shear Strength; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000473:pathology; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D019279:Resin Cements; D014867:Water; D002710:Chlorhexidine