title: Conduct disorders.
abstract: Conduct disorder (CD) is a frequently occurring psychiatric disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of aggressive and non-aggressive rule breaking antisocial behaviours that lead to considerable burden for the patients themselves, their family and society. This review paper updates diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to CD in the light of the forthcoming DSM-5 definition. The diagnostic criteria for CD will remain unchanged in DSM-5, but the introduction of a specifier of CD with a callous-unemotional (CU) presentation is new. Linked to this, we discuss the pros and cons of various other ways to subtype aggression/CD symptoms. Existing guidelines for CD are, with few exceptions, already of a relatively older date and emphasize that clinical assessment should be systematic and comprehensive and based on a multi-informant approach. Non-medical psychosocial interventions are recommended as the first option for the treatment of CD. There is a role for medication in the treatment of comorbid syndromes and/or in case of insufficient response to psychosocial interventions and severe and dangerous aggressive and violent behaviours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, PO Box 9101, (204) 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. J.buitelaar@psy.umcn.nl
authors.forename: Jan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Buitelaar
authors.forename: Kirsten C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Smeets
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herpers
authors.forename: Floor
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scheepers
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glennon
authors.forename: Nanda N J
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Rommelse
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000296:Adolescent Psychiatry; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002665:Child Psychiatry; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004645:Empathy; D006801:Humans