title: The effect of long term storage on tobacco smoke particulate matter in in vitro genotoxicity and cytotoxicity assays.
abstract: Particulate matter (PM) collected from mainstream tobacco smoke is a test article commonly used for in vitro genotoxicity and cytotoxicity testing of combustible tobacco products. However, little published data exists concerning the stability of PM. We completed a 2 year study to quantify the effect of PM storage at -80 °C, on the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of PM generated from 3R4F and M4A reference cigarettes. The Ames test, Micronucleus assay (MNvit), Mouse Lymphoma assay (MLA) and the Neutral Red Uptake assay (NRU) were used. The majority of M4A and 3R4F PMs were genotoxic and cytotoxic at the timepoints tested. Some minor but statistically significant differences were observed for stored versus freshly prepared PM, but the magnitude of changes were within the variability observed for repeat testing.
authors.affiliation: British American Tobacco, Group Research and Development, Regents Park Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO15 8TL, United Kingdom. Ian_Crooks@bat.com
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Crooks
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dillon
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ballantyne
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meredith
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D041702:BALB 3T3 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004355:Drug Stability; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007940:Leukemia L5178 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity*; D009499:Neutral Red / Q000378:metabolism; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D062789:Tobacco Products
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009153:Mutagens; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012906:Smoke; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D009499:Neutral Red; D004247:DNA