title: In vitro anti-plasmodial activity of three herbal remedies for malaria in Ghana: Adenia cissampeloides (Planch.) Harms., Termina liaivorensis A. Chev, and Elaeis guineensis Jacq.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Herbal remedies of Adenia cissampeloides, Terminalia ivorensis, and Elaeis guineensis among others have been used in Ghana for the treatment of various ailments including malaria. However, most of these remedies have not been scientifically investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study, therefore, seeks to investigate the anti-plasmodial activity of these plants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ethanolic extracts of A. cissampeloides stem, T. ivorensis stem bark, and E. guineensis leaves were tested for in vitro anti-plasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Thin blood films were used to assess the level of parasitemia and growth inhibition of the extracts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IC (50) of A. cissampeloides, T. ivorensis, and E. guineensis were 8.521, 6.949, and 1.195 μg/ml, respectively, compared to artesunate with IC(50) of 0.031 μg/ml.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The result of this study appears to confirm the folkloric anti-malarial use these plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana.
authors.forename: Kofi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Annan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sarpong
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Asare
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dickson
authors.forename: Ki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amponsah
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gyan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ofori
authors.forename: Sy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gbedema