title: [Case study on groundwater health risk assessment and remediation strategy based on exposure pathway].
abstract: The carcinogenic risk originated from benzene in contaminated groundwater of a large-scale coke plant in Beijing was analyzed and assessed for different land use zones according to the site redevelopment plan. The results revealed that indoor vapor inhalation was the key exposure pathway for all the three zones. The carcinogenic risk in zone A as commercial area was 6.37 x 10(-8), below the maximum allowable level (1.0 x 10(-6)), but was 2.20 x 10(-4) in zone B as industrial park and 7.49 x 10(-5) in zone C as residential/commercial area, both beyond the acceptable level. Further, the remediation target for benzene was calculated at 118 microg x L(-1) and the corresponding remediation area was contoured to be 165 000 m2. Given the high permeability of the aquifer and the excellent volatility of benzene, air-sparging with a combination of engineering control measure was recommended to mitigate the risk of the groundwater contamination.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China. jl-iep@vip.163.com
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Mao-Sheng
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Xiao-Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Tian-Xiang
authors.initials: TX
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Jue-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Yan-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhen-Qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D002617:Chemical Industry; D002681:China; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D019800:Phenol / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014872:Water Movements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D019800:Phenol