title: Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with concomitant open bladder cuff excision: a single center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic nephroureterectomy and open bladder cuff excision for management of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma, who had undergone laparoscopic nephroureterectomy and open bladder cuff excision between September 2004 and October 2010, were studied retrospectively. Operation time, blood loss, analgesic dose, and complications were recorded. Local and port site recurrence, distant metastasis, and survival rate were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients consisted of 18 men and 4 women, with the mean age of 64.1 years (range, 52 to 83 years). Right upper urinary tract was the involved site in 12 patients and left in 10 patients. Mean operation time was 216 minutes (range, 145 to 395 minutes) and mean hospital stay was 4.3 days. Mean follow-up period was 36.57 months (range, 6 to 65 months). No trocar site recurrence occurred. Three-year overall survival and metastasis-free survival were 95% and 90%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy along with open bladder cuff excision harbors an advantage of laparoscopy concomitant with simplicity and safety of open excision of distal ureter and bladder cuff through the same inevitable incision that is needed for specimen retrieval, without adding any more morbidity to the patient, a win-win radical surgery.
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Amir Mohsen
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ziaee
authors.forename: Valiollah
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Azizi
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nouralizadeh
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gooran
authors.forename: Mohammad Hadi
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Radfar
authors.forename: Mahboobeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D009366:Neoplasm Seeding; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D014516:Ureteral Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics