title: Expression and mutation analyses of Fas, FLIP and Bcl-2 in granulosa cell tumor of ovary.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mounting evidence indicates that evasion of apoptosis contributes to tumor pathogenesis. Although both Fas and Bcl-2 are crucial in apoptosis of normal ovarian cells, their roles in ovarian tumors, especially stromal tumors, are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explore mutation of the Fas gene and expression of the apoptosis-related proteins Fas, FLICE-like inhibitory protein (FLIP) and Bcl-2 in granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the expression of Fas, FLIP and Bcl-2 in 20 GCT tissues by immunohistochemistry. We also analyzed somatic mutations of the Fas gene in the same GCT tissues by polymerase chain reaction and single-strand conformation polymorphism assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of Fas was evident in 12 GCTs (60%), but the remaining 8 GCTs showed no or markedly decreased Fas immunostaining. Expression of FLIP was identified in 30% of the GCT samples and expression of Bcl-2 in 75%. All GCTs with positive Fas expression (n = 12) showed either FLIP or Bcl-2 expression. The GCTs were found to carry no somatic Fas mutations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show that alterations of the apoptosis-related proteins Fas, FLIP and Bcl-2 are common in GCT, and suggest that expression of FLIP and Bcl-2 and loss of Fas expression might play role in the pathogenesis of GCT, possibly by inhibiting apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
authors.forename: Nam Jin
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Min Sung
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sug Hyung
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D006106:Granulosa Cell Tumor / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; C491901:FAS protein, human; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D019014:fas Receptor