title: Comprehensive gene expression changes associated with mouse postnatal kidney development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a portrait of the molecular alterations in renal growth that occur in mice postnatally, we performed gene expression profiling at discrete time points during the first 5 weeks of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kidneys were harvested from C57BL/6 mice at embryonic day 19.5, and postnatal days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Total RNA was extracted and gene expression profiling was done using microarrays (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California). Transcripts whose expression levels changed during the study course were identified using StepMiner software (http://chicory.stanford.edu/sahoo/public/StepMiner/). Biological functions of the modulated genes were identified using IPA® software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postnatal kidney growth and development are associated with widespread changes in gene expression with 6,949 transcripts significantly up-regulated and 6,696 down-regulated during the first 5 weeks of life. Pathway analysis showed progressive down-regulation of pathways associated with cell growth and embryonic development (postnatal days 5 to 7). This was followed by increased expression of transcripts associated with lipid/energy metabolism and molecular transport (postnatal days 10 to 14), and down-regulation of genes related to DNA replication, cell cycle, tissue development, protein trafficking and cell morphology (postnatal days 14 to 21).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge we report the most comprehensive temporal survey of postnatal kidney development to date. This data set provides a framework for interpreting nephropathy, such as that induced by congenital obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (DS), Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5118, USA.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Debashis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D050437:Genes, Developmental / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004247:DNA