title: The antimicrobial properties of some copper(II) and platinum(II) 1,10-phenanthroline complexes.
abstract: Copper(II) (1(Cu)-21(Cu)) and previously established experimental anticancer platinum(II) metallointercalator complexes (1(Pt)-16(Pt)) have been prepared and investigated for their antimicrobial properties. These complexes are of the general structure [M(I(L))(A(L))](2+) where I(L) represents functionalised 1,10-phenanthrolines (1(IL)-10(IL)), and A(L) represents 1,2-diaminoethane, 1S,2S- or 1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane. The structures of synthesised complexes were confirmed using a combination of elemental analysis, UV spectrometry, circular dichroism, (1)H and [(1)H-(195)Pt]-HMQC NMR, X-ray crystallography, and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry and where appropriate. Crystallisation attempts yielded single crystals of [Cu(4-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane)](ClO(4))(2) (4(Cu)), [Cu(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane)(H(2)O)](ClO(4))(2)·1.5H(2)O (10(Cu)) and [Cu(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(3)](ClO(4))(2)·5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline·2H(2)O (21(Cu)). Growth inhibition of liquid cultures of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) discerned the most antimicrobially potent metal complexes ≤20 μM, as well as that of their intercalating ligands alone. To further investigate their mode of antimicrobial activity, membrane permeabilisation caused by selected complexes was visualised by means of a cell viability kit under fluorescence microscopy.
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, 2751 NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Neville S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leverett
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hibbs
authors.forename: Qianfan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jerikho C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bulanadi
authors.forename: Ming Jie
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Janice R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Aldrich-Wright
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D007364:Intercalating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D008024:Ligands; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010618:Phenanthrolines / Q000737:chemistry*; D010984:Platinum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007364:Intercalating Agents; D008024:Ligands; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010618:Phenanthrolines; D010984:Platinum; D003300:Copper; C025205:1,10-phenanthroline