title: Evaluation of standardized Bacopa monniera extract in sodium fluoride-induced behavioural, biochemical, and histopathological alterations in mice.
abstract: Effect of standardized Bacopa monniera (BM; family: Scrophulariaceae) extract (100 and 300 mg/kg) against sodium fluoride (NaF; 100 and 200 ppm)-induced behavioural, biochemical, and neuropathological alterations in mice was evaluated. Akinesia, rotarod (motor coordination), forced swim test (depression), open field test (anxiety), transfer latency (memory), cholinesterase (ChE), and oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and lipid peroxidation) were determined in mice treated with NaF for 30 days alone and in combination with BM. NaF induced motor incoordination, depression, and memory impairment, and these were prevented by coadministration of BM in mice. However, NaF did not alter the weight gain, feed/water consumption, and anxiety profile. Suppression of ChE levels and increased oxidative stress were observed in mice treated with NaF. Coadministration of BM significantly improved the memory, ChE levels, and antioxidant enzymes but failed to alter the fluoride levels in NaF-treated mice. Histopathological studies revealed that BM protected the neuropathological alterations induced by NaF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Bhaskar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Balaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Pharmacology, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India premkumaar1957@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ekambaram Prem
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund, Tamil Nadu, India Research and Analytics, Knowledge Center, WNS, Gurgoan, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D034681:Bacopa / Q000737:chemistry*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides