title: [Environmental risk factors and metabolic syndrome components in overweight youngsters].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The environmental risk factors such as food intake and physival activity, are determinants in the etiology of metabolic syndrome in overweight adolescents.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore the association between environmental risk factors and components presence of metabolic syndrome in overweight youngsters in Medellín.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescents between the ages of 10 and 18 were selected for a cross sectional study. Body composition by anthropometry, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, insulin, food intake and physical activity level were assessed in the study population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence for metabolic syndrome components of hypertriglyceridemia was 40.9%; hypertension, 20.9%; low HDLc, 15.6%; high waist circumference, 4.0%, and hyperglycemia, 0.9%; the overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 3.1%. There was a statistical difference (p<0.005) between the consumption of calories, simple and total carbohydrates and the presence of the components; no association was found between the level of physical activity and the presence of components (p>0.05). The logistic regression model showed a higher probability of having at least one component if the youngster was male (p=0.022), with a higher BMI (Body Mass Index)(p=0.019) and was located in the fourth simple carbohydrates consumption quartile (p=0.036).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Environmental risk factors associated with components of metabolic syndrome were the increased consumption of calories, simple and complex carbohydrates, all directly related to the BMI. In contrast, the level of physical activity, family history and personal risk factors showed no association. The metabolic syndrome only occurred in youngsters with obesity.
authors.affiliation: Grupo Vidarium, Centro de Investigación en Nutrición, Salud y Bienestar, Grupo Empresarial Nutresa, Medellín, Colombia. noramg@une.net.co
authors.forename: Nora Elena
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Múnera
authors.forename: Rosa Magdalena
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Uscátegui
authors.forename: Beatriz Elena
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Parra
authors.forename: Luz Mariela
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Manjarrés
authors.forename: Fredy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Patiño
authors.forename: Claudia María
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Velásquez
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Estrada
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bedoya
authors.forename: Vicky
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Parra
authors.forename: Angélica María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Orozco
authors.forename: Gloria María
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Agudelo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D002149:Energy Intake; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D009043:Motor Activity; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids