title: The use of mannitol in partial and live donor nephrectomy: an international survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Animal studies have shown the potential benefits of mannitol as renoprotective during warm ischemia; it may have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and is sometimes used during partial nephrectomy (PN) and live donor nephrectomy (LDN). Despite this, a prospective study on mannitol has never been performed. The aim of this study is to document patterns of mannitol use during PN and LDN.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey on the use of mannitol during PN and LDN was sent to 92 high surgical volume urological centers. Questions included use of mannitol, indications for use, physician responsible for administration, dosage, timing and other renoprotective measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mannitol was used in 78 and 64 % of centers performing PN and LDN, respectively. The indication for use was as antioxidant (21 %), as diuretic (5 %) and as a combination of the two (74 %). For PN, the most common dosages were 12.5 g (30 %) and 25 g (49 %). For LDN, the most common doses were 12.5 g (36.3 %) and 25 g (63.7 %). Overall, 83 % of centers utilized mannitol, and two (percent or centers??) utilized furosemide for renoprotection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large majority of high-volume centers performing PN and LDN use mannitol for renoprotection. Since there are no data proving its value nor standardized indication and usage, this survey may provide information for a randomized prospective study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. doccosentino@gmail.com
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authors.lastname: Cosentino
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authors.lastname: Breda
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authors.lastname: Sanguedolce
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authors.lastname: Thalmann
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authors.lastname: Nagele
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authors.lastname: Francesca
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authors.lastname: Eggener
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authors.lastname: Aron
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authors.lastname: Laguna
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authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mladenov
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Addessi
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authors.lastname: Bove
authors.forename: R
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authors.lastname: Schiavina
authors.forename: O
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authors.lastname: De Cobelli
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Merseburger
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dalpiaz
authors.forename: F C H
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: D'Ancona
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Polascik
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muschter
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Leppert
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authors.lastname: Villavicencio
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D019520:Living Donors; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D008353:Mannitol