title: Spinal fractures in recreational bobsledders: an unexpected mechanism of injury.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective case series and literature review.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report and discuss spinal fractures occurring in recreational bobsledders.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Spinal fractures have been commonly described following traumatic injury during a number of recreational sports. Reports have focused on younger patients and typically involved high-impact sports or significant injuries. With an aging population and a wider array of recreational sports, spinal injuries may be seen after seemingly benign activities and without a high-impact injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of two patients and review of the literature was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients with spinal fractures after recreational bobsledding were identified. Both patients, aged 57 and 54 years, noticed a simultaneous onset of severe back pain during a routine turn on a bobsled track. Neither was involved in a high-impact injury during the event. Both patients were treated conservatively with resolution of symptoms. An analysis of the bobsled track revealed that potential forces imparted to the rider may be greater than the yield strength of vertebral bone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older athletes may be at greater risk for spinal fracture associated with routine recreational activities. Bobsledding imparts large amounts of force during routine events and may result in spinal trauma. Older patients, notably those with osteoporosis or metabolic bone disease, should be educated about the risks associated with seemingly benign recreational sports.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
authors.forename: Erik P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Severson
authors.forename: Dmitri A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sofianos
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daubs
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Alpesh A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Patel