title: Measuring nursing workarounds: tests of the reliability and validity of a tool.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to validate a new tool to measure nursing workarounds.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Workarounds are situations where one experiences a block in workflow and, rather than complete the work process as intended, creates an idiosyncratic solution to get around the block. There are limited options for validated measures of workarounds for researchers and administrators.
  
  
  METHODS
  To validate the tool, we conducted a survey of registered nurses that included the newly developed tool of workarounds, and measures of deviance and job crafting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found evidence for the content, factorial, discriminant, and criterion-related validity of the new workaround tool. Furthermore, the tool demonstrated adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interest in workarounds has been rapidly growing; however, high-quality research in this area has been limited by an inability to validly measure workarounds. This study represents an important step in fostering new research in workarounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Management and Marketing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0225, USA. jhalbesleben@cba.ua.edu
authors.forename: Jonathon R B
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Halbesleben
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rathert
authors.forename: Sally F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Bennett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D057188:Workflow