title: Catecholamines reduce dose-dependent oedema formation and inflammatory reaction in an isolated rat lung model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since we detected that donor dopamine pre-treatment ameliorates lung function after hypothermia and ischaemia/reperfusion in an isolated rat lung model we studied, whether other catecholamines have beneficial effects on lungs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were treated with noradrenaline, adrenaline or dobutamine in different doses. Thereafter lungs were explanted, flushed with Perfadex® solution and stored at 4°C for different time periods. Oedema production was measured and inflammatory mediators were analysed after reperfusion and ventilation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low-dose noradrenaline or dobutamine did not reduce tissue oedema after eight hours of hypothermia, whereas higher doses significantly reduced oedema formation. Low-dose catecholamines did not prevent the inflammatory response, whereas higher doses of beta-receptor-stimulating catecholamines significantly blunted inflammatory reaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that adrenergic-receptor-stimulating catecholamines have a protective dose-dependent effect on lungs after hypothermia and ischaemia/reperfusion. Although noradrenaline and dobutamine have similar dose-dependent organ-protective effects to dopamine, they have more side-effects.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. cdacho@yahoo.de
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dacho
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dacho
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geissler
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: Grietje
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1 / Q000378:metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; C513297:Cxcl1 protein, rat; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D004280:Dobutamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine