title: Attaining and sustaining remission of predominant negative symptoms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence is lacking on remission in the presence of predominant negative symptoms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine remission rates and their variation by antipsychotic medication in predominant negative symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were reanalyzed on patients (n=383) who had participated in two double blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials of predominant negative symptoms lasting to 84 and 360days. Symptom remission was defined with the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group remission criteria of attaining and maintaining mild ratings on eight SANS items. Remission rates were examined to 90days, survival analysis computed to ascertain time to attain symptom remission, binary logistic models used to predict the remission rate and 2 persistent months of symptom remission, and ANCOVA used to predict percent time in remission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Symptomatic remission rates were: 22.72% at any visit during 90days, and 3.66% lasting 2months. Kaplan-Meier and Cox survival models to adjust for baseline symptom severity showed that compared with the placebo group the amisulpride group attained significantly (p<.05) more remission sooner (HR=2.321, 95% CI=1.36, to 3.97, p<.05). ANCOVA showed that compared with placebo the amisulpride group spent significantly (p<.05) more percent time in remission (ES=.28). Specificity analysis showed that: across trials the negative symptom remission rate was 25.1%; and in one 360-day trial the six-month remission criteria were attained and maintained by 6.4% of participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presented with predominant negative symptoms the Working Group Remission criteria appear not to be a pragmatic therapeutic objective. Modified remission symptom and time criteria may be an effective way to examine remission.
authors.affiliation: University of Haifa, Israel. stezlev@gmail.com
authors.forename: Stephen Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leucht
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000077582:Amisulpride; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012008:Recurrence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013469:Sulpiride / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D013469:Sulpiride; D000077582:Amisulpride