title: Ensuring safety of home-produced eggs to control salmonellosis in Poland: lessons from an outbreak in September 2011.
abstract: Implementation of control measures in line with European Commission regulations has led to a decrease in salmonellosis in the European Union since 2004. However, control programmes do not address laying hens whose eggs are produced for personal consumption or local sale. This article reports an investigatxion of a salmonellosis outbreak linked to home-produced eggs following a family event held in a farm in September 2011 near Warsaw, Poland. In the outbreak, 34 people developed gastroenteritis symptoms. Results from a cohort study indicated a cake, prepared from raw home-produced eggs, as the vehicle of the outbreak. Laboratory analysis identified Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) in stool samples or rectal swabs from 18 of 24 people and in two egg samples. As no food items remained, we used phage typing to link the source of the outbreak with the isolated strains. Seven S. Enteritidis strains analysed (five from attendees and two from eggs) were phage type 21c. Our findings resulted in culling of the infected laying hens and symptomatic pigeons housed next to the hens. Salmonella poses as a public health problem in Poland: control measures should not forget home-produced eggs, as there is a risk of infection from their consumption.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Department of Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland. anna.zielicka@hotmail.co.uk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zielicka-Hardy
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zarowna
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szych
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Madajczak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadkowska-Todys
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D001434:Bacteriophage Typing; D002645:Chickens; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004531:Eggs / Q000382:microbiology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult