title: Effect of percutaneous atrial septal defect and patent foramen ovale device closure on degree of aortic regurgitation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent years, percutaneous device closure has become commonplace for treatment of atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO). However, the effect of device closure on aortic valve regurgitation (AR) has been questioned.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to define changes in AR using echocardiography, before and after device closure of ASD or PFO.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed all patients who had percutaneous device closure of ASD or PFO at our institution between 2005 and 2009. We compared the preprocedure echocardiogram to the most recent follow-up study. All investigators were blinded to referral diagnosis, patient demographics, and size and type of the device placed. Aortic regurgitation was graded as none/trivial, mild, moderate, or severe.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 322 patients qualified for inclusion; 204 with PFO and 118 with ASD. Mean age at time of closure was 48 ± 20 years (range 3-85 years). Mean duration of follow-up was 1.2 years (range 2 months to 5 years). Only two patients (0.6%) demonstrated any appreciable increase in AR severity. However, both of these patients manifested a clinically insignificant change from a trivial to mild grade of aortic regurgitation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous device closure of PFO or ASD does not increase the incidence or severity of AR over medium-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Loar
authors.forename: Jonathan N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Allison K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Cabalka
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cetta
authors.forename: Donald J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hagler
authors.forename: Benjamin W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Eidem
authors.forename: Nathaniel W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Taggart
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018450:Disease Progression; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055989:Septal Occluder Device; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult