title: [Effects of dihydromyricetin on tumor necrosis factor and NF-kappaB p65 of RAU rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of dihydromyricetin (DMY) on tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and NF-kappaB p65 cells of the recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats are randomly divided into 6 groups. The rat RAU models was established by injection of immunogen composed of the homogenate supernate of homogeneous oral mucosa from SD rats and Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) into rat backs subcutaneously once every two weeks for 5 times, and the only FCA injected as normal control. DMY(50,100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) and licorzine (67.5 mg x kg(-1)) were given intragastrically once daily for 7 days on the day of the last immunogen injection, respectively. Water was given instead of drugs in normal and model control groups. The blood was got from the fundus oculi vein of rats on the day after last administration, the serum was separated. Then the rats were put to death with the cervical dislocation and decollated on the ice stage. Two sides of rat buccal mucosal tissue were cut. One side of them was put into 4% neutral formalin and another was added into 10 times of phosphate buffer to homogenize it homogenate. The oral mucosa ulcer occurrence of rats was observed by the histopathology. The content of TNF-alpha in serum and oral mucosa was assayed with ELISA; the expression of NF-kappaB cells was determined by the immunohistochemisty and macrophagus was determined by azure-feosin-dyeing in oral mucosa tissue. The expression of TNF-alpha mRNA in serum and oral mucosa was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In RAU rats, oral mucosa ulcer occurred, the content of TNF-alpha raised and the expression of TNF-alpha mRNA increased in serum and oral mucosa, the expression of positive NF-kappaB p65 cells and the amount of macrophages went up in oral mucosa. DMY and licorzine significantly reduced occurrence of oral mucosa ulcer in RAU rats, lowered content of TNF-alpha and the expression of TNF-alpha mRNA in serum and oral mucosa, reduced expression of positive NF-kappaB p65 cells and the amount of macrophages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is considered that DMY could inhibited occurrence of oral mucosa ulcer in RAU rats. One principle of it's effects could be that DMY controlled NF-kappaB p65 regulation on transcription and release of TNF-alpha mRNA in macrophages in oral mucosa ulcer tissue and lead to fall of TNF-alpha content in oral mucosa tissue causing role of anti-oral mucosa ulcer.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Material Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, China. xuemingood19@126.com
authors.forename: Xue-min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiao-hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li-feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D044948:Flavonols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013281:Stomatitis, Aphthous / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D044948:Flavonols; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C472036:dihydromyricetin