title: No association between childcare and obesity at age 4 in low-income Latino children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have found an association between early entry to childcare and risk for overweight and obesity at 3 years of age. These studies, however, have been conducted primarily with higher income White populations or have found increased risk in the children of educated mothers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relationship between timing of entry to childcare and duration of childcare and pediatric overweight and obesity in a high risk population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using data from a longitudinal cohort of low-income Latino children in San Francisco, we evaluated the association between time of entry to childcare, hours in childcare, and risk for overweight and obesity at age 4. Similarly, we evaluated the relationship between these same childcare parameters and body mass index Z score and risk of having a waist circumference (WC) percentile ≥90th at 4 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In contrast with previous studies, we found no association between being in childcare at 4 years of age or number of hours per week in childcare and risk for childhood overweight, obesity or WC ≥90th percentile at age 4. Additionally, we found no association between age of entry to childcare (≤6 months or ≤12 months of age) with risk for overweight or obesity at age 4. Future studies need to further evaluate the differential impact of childcare on early childhood obesity in relation to race/ethnicity and lower socioeconomic status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-income children may not be at increased risk for obesity in relation to early childcare exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94134-0136, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zahir
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Heyman
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wojcicki
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D017028:Caregivers / Q000193:education; D002654:Child Care; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002669:Child Welfare; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011203:Poverty; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012495:San Francisco / Q000453:epidemiology; D055105:Waist Circumference