title: Effect of maternal folic acid supplementation on hepatic proteome in newborn piglets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in the hepatic proteome of newborn piglets after maternal folic acid supplementation (FS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant dams were fed a control diet (folic acid 1.3 mg/kg) or an FS diet (folic acid 30 mg/kg) during gestation. The liver samples of newborn piglets from each group were collected at birth for the analysis of the proteome using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that the expression levels of 11 proteins were changed dramatically in the newborn piglets after maternal FS. FS during gestation increased the content of proteins that regulate the immune response (90-kDa heat shock protein), energy metabolism (aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase), and intermediary metabolism (formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase and abhydrolase). In addition, maternal FS downregulated the expression of proteins associated with cellular signal transduction (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein and exportin), proteolysis (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and porcine ε-trypsin), and cell migration regulation (actin-related protein-3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that maternal FS alters the expression abundance of several hepatic proteins that are involved in metabolic regulation, oxidative responses, and cancer-related processes.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jingbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xiangbing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Zhiqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Daiwen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000642:Ammonia-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D034441:Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D011247:Pregnancy; D020543:Proteome / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013552:Swine; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D057825:Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D034441:Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins; D020543:Proteome; D005492:Folic Acid; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D000642:Ammonia-Lyases; C020148:formiminotetrahydrofolate cyclodeaminase