title: HIV-1 Nef in macrophage-mediated disease pathogenesis.
abstract: Combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART) has significantly reduced the number of AIDS-associated illnesses and changed the course of HIV-1 disease in developed countries. Despite the ability of cART to maintain high CD4+ T-cell counts, a number of macrophage-mediated diseases can still occur in HIV-infected subjects. These diseases include lymphoma, metabolic diseases, and HIV-associated neurological disorders. Within macrophages, the HIV-1 regulatory protein "Nef" can modulate surface receptors, interact with signaling pathways, and promote specific environments that contribute to each of these pathologies. Moreover, genetic variation in Nef may also guide the macrophage response. Herein, we review findings relating to the Nef-macrophage interaction and how this relationship contributes to disease pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: BioInfoExperts, Thibodaux, LA, USA.
authors.forename: Susanna L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lamers
authors.forename: Gary B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Fogel
authors.forename: Elyse J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salemi
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: Leanne C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Huysentruyt
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: McGrath
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018450:Disease Progression; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014779:Virus Replication; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C514837:nef protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1