title: Television in the bedroom and increased body weight: potential explanations for their relationship among European schoolchildren.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A television in the bedroom is associated with measures of adiposity. We aimed to test if this association is mediated by any of (i) time spent watching television, (ii) sleep duration, (iii) physical activity level or (iv) consumption of soft drinks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were from 7234 boys and girls aged 10-12 years in European countries involved in the EuropeaN Energy balance Research to prevent excessive weight Gain among Youth project (Belgium, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands, Norway, Slovenia and Spain). Waist circumference, height and weight were measured. The presence of a bedroom television, television viewing time, sleep duration, physical activity time and soft drink consumption were assessed by standardized questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost 40% of schoolchildren had a bedroom television, with the highest percentage among Hungarian children (65%) and lowest for Belgian, Slovenian and Spanish children (all ≈28%). A television in the bedroom was positively associated with time spent watching television, soft drink consumption and overweight and obesity (all P < 0.001). The relationship between a television in the bedroom and measures of body size was partly mediated by total television viewing time (proportion mediated for waist circumference 8.9%; for body mass index 8.3%) but not sleep duration, physical activity time or soft drink consumption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The strong association between a television in the bedroom and adiposity was at least partially mediated by television viewing time. The large proportion of European schoolchildren with a television in their bedroom is of concern. Parents should be aware of the potential consequences when placing a television in a child's bedroom and children should limit viewing time.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: van Stralen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brug
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salmon
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bere
authors.forename: M J M
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chinapaw
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: De Bourdeaudhuij
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jan
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Manios
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Velde
mesh_terms: D001530:Belgium / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D012890:Sleep; D017524:Slovenia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013690:Television / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015430:Weight Gain