title: Total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin are associated with metabolic syndrome independent of age and body mass index in Korean men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between sex hormones and metabolic syndrome independent of age and BMI in Korean men.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional study with data from a health promotion center during the period from March 2007 to February 2010. 2172 Korean men aged 21-79 were enrolled. Total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and glucose were assessed with overnight fasting serum samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sex hormones were divided into quartiles; odds ratios for metabolic syndrome and each component were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total testosterone showed negative associations with waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, TG, blood pressure and body mass index (BMI), and a positive relationship with HDL cholesterol (P for trend <0.001, respectively). SHBG was negatively associated with WC, fasting glucose, TG, and BMI, and positively associated with total testosterone and age. Comparing with the highest quartile, odds ratios of lowest quartile of total testosterone and SHBG for metabolic syndrome were 3.01 (95% CI, 2.11-4.28) and 6.34 (95% CI, 2.29-17.58), respectively, after adjusting for age, smoking status, alcohol intake, exercise, and BMI. Total testosterone was significantly associated with each metabolic component and SHBG was associated with glucose and TG after adjustment for age, smoking status, alcohol intake, and BMI. Calculated free testosterone had no significant relationship with metabolic syndrome or its components.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Total testosterone and SHBG are negatively associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome independent of age and BMI in Korean men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Doohee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Young-Sang
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun Soo
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Kyu-Nam
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bom-Taeck
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Duck-Joo
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kwang-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D044466:Asian People; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D013739:Testosterone