title: Impact of sevelamer versus calcium-based binders on hospitalizations and missed in-center dialysis treatments among CKD patients on dialysis: a modeled analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The avoidance of hospitalizations and the maintenance of in-center dialysis sessions in patients receiving dialysis for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have obvious benefits to patients, dialysis providers and payers. Benefits include better continuity of care, better patient outcomes, improved quality of life, and reduced healthcare expenditures. The objective of this study was to quantify, from the perspective of a dialysis provider in the US, the potential impact of sevelamer versus calcium-based binders (CBBs) on hospitalization days and maintenance of in-center dialysis sessions among hyperphosphatemic dialysis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Microsoft Excel-based model was developed to simulate the number of missed dialysis sessions among three hypothetical cohorts of hyperphosphatemic patients treated with either sevelamer or CBBs. The cohorts were characterized by their size to represent a small, mid-size, or large dialysis organization (75, 30,000, and 120,000 patients, respectively). In any given month, a patient in the model could receive dialysis treatments within the center, experience a hospitalization, or die. Treatment-specific monthly survival rates, hospitalization rates, length of stay, and binder dosages were derived from the Dialysis Clinical Outcomes Revisited (DCOR) study. A dialysis schedule of three treatments per week was assumed. Analyses were conducted for a 1-year time horizon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For a small dialysis center, CBBs were associated with an increased number of missed in-center dialysis treatments (447) compared to sevelamer (395). Thus, sevelamer use avoided 52 missed in-center dialysis sessions during 1 year of treatment compared to CBBs. The magnitude of sevelamer's impact on maintaining in-center dialysis treatments increased with the size of the dialysis organization; for a mid-size dialysis organization sevelamer use avoided 20,571 missed in-center dialysis sessions and for a large dialysis organization sevelamer use avoided 82,286 missed in-center dialysis sessions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of hyperphosphatemic dialysis patients with sevelamer relative to CBBs was associated with a reduction in the number of missed in-center dialysis treatments across small, mid-size, and large dialysis organizations. This reduction could contribute to improved patient outcomes via undisrupted delivery of care within the dialysis clinic. The use of sevelamer versus CBBs could also result in an increased number of reimbursement payments to dialysis clinics and providers by avoiding missed in-center dialysis sessions due to hospitalization.
authors.affiliation: Cornerstone Research Group, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Daniel T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Grima
authors.forename: Elizabeth S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Mendelssohn
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D054559:Hyperphosphatemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011073:Polyamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D000069603:Sevelamer
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002614:Chelating Agents; D011073:Polyamines; D000069603:Sevelamer; C120662:calcium acetate