title: Efficacy of Ginkgo biloba on vaginal estrous and ovarian histological alterations for evaluating anti-implantation and abortifacient potentials in albino female mice.
abstract: Ginkgo extract, EGb 761 is known as a vasoregulatory variable for the conventional reproduction therapy. EGb 761 was orally administered in 0 (control), 3.7, 7.4, and 14.8 mg/kg bw/day for 28 days (thereafter mated with normal fertile male), from day 1 to day 7 of pregnancy or from the 10th to 18th day of pregnancy, respectively. Vaginal smears were performed daily. On 20th day of pregnancy, the females were killed by cervical dislocation and their kidneys, liver, brain, placenta, spleen and ovaries were removed and weighed. The ovaries were prepared for histological examinations, and then ovarian follicles were counted. Maternal toxicity, estrous cycle, reproductive hormones, ovarian follicle counts, resorption index, implantation index, fetal viability and fetuses, and placenta mean weights were evaluated. There was a dose-dependent ovarian toxic effect of EGb 761. Ovarian follicle counts, resorption index, implantation index, fetal viability were significantly reduced in 14.8 mg/kg bw/day dose. Treatment with 14.8 mg/kg bw/day EGb 761 induced disruption of estrous cycle and caused maternal toxicity, in addition to fetal toxicity. Therefore, the data obtained indicate that Ginkgo biloba extract at 14.8 mg/kg bw/day dose level exhibit toxic effect on reproductive cyclicity and could have anti-implantation and abotifacient properties in female mice.
authors.affiliation: Zoology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Reda H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Elmazoudy
authors.forename: Azza A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Attia
mesh_terms: D000019:Abortifacient Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects*; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects; D005327:Fetal Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced; D005328:Fetal Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D051379:Mice; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D010920:Placenta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014621:Vagina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract
chemical_list: D000019:Abortifacient Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; C063170:Ginkgo biloba extract; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract