title: The relationship between soluble receptor of interleukin-6 with angiogenic cytokines and proliferation markers in multiple myeloma.
abstract: Soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) is part of IL-6 receptor that may stimulate cells that do not express the whole molecule. It may enhance myeloma cell proliferation and furthermore angiogenesis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical significance and the relationship between serum levels of sIL-6R, with various stimulators of angiogenesis, such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) and with markers of proliferation, such as beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) levels and plasma cell Ki-67 proliferation index in the bone marrow, in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We studied 45 newly diagnosed MM patients. Serum levels of sIL-6R, HGF, IL-18, and B2M and Ki-67 proliferation index (Ki-67 PI) in bone marrow's plasma cells were determined. The mean concentrations of sIL-6R, HGF, IL-18, and B2M and the value of Ki-67 were significantly higher in the patients compared to controls and with increasing disease stage. sIL-6R was strongly positively correlated with HGF, IL-18, B2M, and Ki-67 PI. There is a positive correlation between plasma cell growth, as determined by Ki-67 PI, and different angiogenic cytokines, such as HGF and IL-18, with sIL-6R. This relationship suggests the significant role of these cytokines in the proliferation and disease activity in MM patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, P.O. Box 1352, Voutes, Heraklion, 71110, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tsirakis
authors.forename: Constantina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pappa
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaparou
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boula
authors.forename: Vaitsa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Katsomitrou
authors.forename: Athina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xekalou
authors.forename: Stavroula
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kyriakaki
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Alexandrakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000097:blood; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D042501:Angiogenic Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D020382:Interleukin-18; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor