title: Development of a surgical safety checklist for the performance of radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The surgical management of renal cell carcinoma with invasion of the renal vein or inferior vena cava is associated with significant rates of perioperative morbidity and mortality. In this report we propose a surgical checklist aimed at reducing adverse events associated with the resection of these tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review describes the development of an evidence- and experience-based surgical checklist aimed at improving the perioperative safety of patients undergoing radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reducing the risk of complications during the surgical management of renal tumors with venous invasion begins with appropriate pre-operative imaging aimed at defining the cranial extent of the tumor thrombus, thus facilitating accurate preoperative planning. Other key elements of the checklist are aimed at ensuring clear and precise pre-, intra- and postoperative communication between members of the multidisciplinary-care team.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A standardized surgical checklist may help to increase the perioperative safety of patients undergoing radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy. Future validation studies are required to determine the clinical feasibility and post-implementation safety profile of this new checklist.
authors.affiliation: Miami Transplant Institute, Miami, FL, USA. gciancio@med.miami.edu.
authors.forename: Shivam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gorin
authors.forename: Rajinikanth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ayyathurai
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ciancio