title: Transesophageal bronchoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for diagnosis of sarcoidosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have reported that specimens from mediastinal lesions located adjacent to the esophagus can be sampled using an ultrasound bronchoscope instead of an ultrasound endoscope.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of transesophageal bronchoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration using an ultrasound bronchoscope in patients with stage I/II sarcoidosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three patients suspected of having stage I/II sarcoidosis were included in this prospective study. Needle aspiration through the esophagus using an ultrasound bronchoscope was performed for hilar and/or mediastinal lymph nodes. The final diagnosis of sarcoidosis was based on clinicoradiological compatibility and pathological findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 62 lymph nodes with a mean shortest diameter of 13.6 mm were examined. Of the 33 patients enrolled, 29 were given a final diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Four of the residual patients had other diseases (1 lung cancer, 1 tuberculosis, 2 non-specific lymphadenitis). Transesophageal bronchoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration showed noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas in 25 of 29 patients (86%; 95% confidence interval 73-100) with the final diagnosis of sarcoidosis. No complications were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transesophageal bronchoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration is feasible, safe and accurate for the diagnosis of stage I/II sarcoidosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan. masahideo@aol.com
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oki
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saka
authors.forename: Chiyoe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kogure
authors.forename: Naohiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ichihara
authors.forename: Suzuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moritani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D015622:Epithelioid Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006099:Granuloma / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017565:Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional