title: Can latent synergism of intestinal pathogens be responsible for inflammaging process causing Reiter's syndrome in a young patient HLA-B27 infected by atypical pathogens? A holistic view and clinical biochemical reinterpretation.
abstract: A case of a genetically HLA-B27 patient fully investigated by molecular analyses, following a holistic vision and an anamnestic assessment of multi-site ecosystems is repeated. VDRL, Lupus anti-coagulant (LAC) and Widal-Wright (WWR), resulted positive. The antibodies (IgG/IgA anti-Ct) against chronic Chlamydia trachomatis inflammation were positive. In the context of all the enzymatic activities in reference range, the AMS and the ALP enzymatic activities showed an increasing trend and a time course augment depending respectively. Cultures, parasitological, digestibility tests and molecular analyses were then performed to investigate the different human ecosystems. Parasitological research and digestibility test were performed, resulting a latent chronic bowel inflammation, including certain enteroinvasive pathogens, such as, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia and Campylobacter (Enteric Pathogens Group, EPG) and Escherichia Coli pathogens (Escherichia Coli Pathogens Group, ECPG). The Salmonella typhi-DNA resulted positive, while 90% of the total microbic charge (TMC) was represented by C. freundi in culture analyses. Interpreting the VDRL positive test as early triggering of autoimmune disease, a few acute phase proteins as a pauci-symptomatic chronic phlogistic process, the amylase and alkaline phosphatase alterations as tissue markers of early intestinal inflammation, the Widal's reaction positivity together with the precocious clinical and faecal manifestations, this study suggests the prime triggering role of these atypical pathogens to cause a chronic low grade autoimmune response against the tissue/organ susceptible target, causing inflammaging phenomenon in young patient with chronic latent infection by Salmonella typhi, leading to Reiter's syndrome, in HLA-B27 positive patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Boccio
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lobefalo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pennelli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toniato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martinotti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tenaglia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Del Boccio
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Gallenga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016918:Arthritis, Reactive / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015796:HLA-B27 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015796:HLA-B27 Antigen; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents