title: Development of expressed sequence tag and expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat marker resources for Musa acuminata.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Banana (Musa acuminata) is a crop contributing to global food security. Many varieties lack resistance to biotic stresses, due to sterility and narrow genetic background. The objective of this study was to develop an expressed sequence tag (EST) database of transcripts expressed during compatible and incompatible banana-Mycosphaerella fijiensis (Mf) interactions. Black leaf streak disease (BLSD), caused by Mf, is a destructive disease of banana. Microsatellite markers were developed as a resource for crop improvement.
  
  
  METHODS
  cDNA libraries were constructed from in vitro-infected leaves from BLSD-resistant M. acuminata ssp. burmaniccoides Calcutta 4 (MAC4) and susceptible M. acuminata cv. Cavendish Grande Naine (MACV). Clones were 5'-end Sanger sequenced, ESTs assembled with TGICL and unigenes annotated using BLAST, Blast2GO and InterProScan. Mreps was used to screen for simple sequence repeats (SSRs), with markers evaluated for polymorphism using 20 diploid (AA) M. acuminata accessions contrasting in resistance to Mycosphaerella leaf spot diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 9333 high-quality ESTs were obtained for MAC4 and 3964 for MACV, which assembled into 3995 unigenes. Of these, 2592 displayed homology to genes encoding proteins with known or putative function, and 266 to genes encoding proteins with unknown function. Gene ontology (GO) classification identified 543 GO terms, 2300 unigenes were assigned to EuKaryotic orthologous group categories and 312 mapped to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. A total of 624 SSR loci were identified, with trinucleotide repeat motifs the most abundant in MAC4 (54.1 %) and MACV (57.6 %). Polymorphism across M. acuminata accessions was observed with 75 markers. Alleles per polymorphic locus ranged from 2 to 8, totalling 289. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.08 to 0.81.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This EST collection offers a resource for studying functional genes, including transcripts expressed in banana-Mf interactions. Markers are applicable for genetic mapping, diversity characterization and marker-assisted breeding.
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Brasília ,  Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro ,  Instituto de Ciências Biológicas ,  Asa Norte, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF ,  Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco A N
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Passos
authors.forename: Viviane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Cruz
authors.forename: Flavia L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Emediato
authors.forename: Cristiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Camargo Teixeira
authors.forename: Manoel T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Vânia C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Rennó Azevedo
authors.forename: Claudia F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Edson P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Amorim
authors.forename: Lucio Flavio
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: de Alencar Figueiredo
authors.forename: Natalia F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Jesus Barbosa Cavalcante
authors.forename: Franc-Christophe
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Baurens
authors.forename: Orzenil Bonfim
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Georgios J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pignolet
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abadie
authors.forename: Ana Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Ciampi
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piffanelli
authors.forename: Robert N G
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Miller