title: The broad-spectrum antiviral functions of IFIT and IFITM proteins.
abstract: Over the past few years, several groups have identified new genes that are transcriptionally induced downstream of type I interferon (IFN) signalling and that inhibit infection by individual or multiple families of viruses. Among these IFN-stimulated genes with antiviral activity are two genetically and functionally distinct families--the IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFIT) family and the IFN-induced transmembrane protein (IFITM) family. This Review focuses on recent advances in identifying the unique mechanisms of action of IFIT and IFITM proteins, which explain their broad-spectrum activity against the replication, spread and pathogenesis of a range of human viruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. diamond@borcim.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farzan
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000276:immunology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000276:immunology; D007372:Interferons / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D007372:Interferons