title: Relationship between gagging severity and its management in dentistry.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate how grading according to our new gagging reflex index correlated with patient background and subsequent management. After obtaining institutional approval and informed consent, 110 patients with a gagging problem were enrolled. The patients completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), and a health questionnaire at initial consultation. On the second visit, an intra-oral examination was carried out and the severity of gag reflex determined according to our new, 5-level Classification of Gagging Problem (CGP) index: normal gagging but not desensitised (G1 = score 1); mild gagging (G2 = score 2); moderate gagging (G3 = score 3); severe gagging (G4 = score 4); and very severe gagging (G5 = score 5). No difference was found in grade based on age or STAI or DAS scores. The CGP score in male patients was significantly higher than that in female. The management classification method and degree of desensitisation were investigated retrospectively in each patient at 3 months and 1 year after initial consultation. The higher the CGP grade, the more often intravenous sedation or general anaesthesia was required due to difficultly in desensitisation. The present results suggest that determining whether it is possible to examine the molar area without inducing the gag reflex offers the key to deciding the treatment strategy.
authors.affiliation: Oral Health and Clinical Science, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan. nsaita@tdc.ac.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koukita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichinohe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D002965:Classification; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D054810:Deep Sedation; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003887:Desensitization, Psychologic / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005683:Gagging / Q000502:physiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056888:Patient Positioning; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult