title: A phantom-based evaluation of three commercially available patient organ shields for computed tomography X-ray examinations in diagnostic radiology.
abstract: Three commercially available in-plane patient organ shields (barium eye, bismuth eye and bismuth breast) for computed tomography (CT) examinations were evaluated to determine their effectiveness for dose reduction. Absorbed doses were measured using metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor dosemeters fastened to a Kyoto CT Torso phantom. Resultant images were visually compared with those minus shielding by an experienced radiologist. Approximate dose reductions of 21, 38 and 50 % were achieved by the barium eye, bismuth eye and bismuth breast shields, respectively, at a cost of increased image noise and streak artefacts. Shielded images produced varied levels of image artefact, particularly those resulting from the eye shields. Measured dose reductions were not consistent with the potential dose savings stated by the manufacturers of the shields. When evaluating the breast shield, similar dose reduction was achieved without shield-induced artefact by simply reducing the X-ray tube current.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Radiation Physics, Directorate of Healthcare Science and Technology, Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, Devon PL6 8DH, UK. jamiehuggett@nhs.net
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huggett
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mukonoweshuro
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Loader
mesh_terms: D001464:Barium; D001729:Bismuth; D001940:Breast / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005123:Eye / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014173:Transistors, Electronic
chemical_list: D001464:Barium; D001729:Bismuth