title: Reduction of [11C](+)3-MPB binding in brain of chronic fatigue syndrome with serum autoantibody against muscarinic cholinergic receptor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Numerous associations between brain-reactive antibodies and neurological or psychiatric symptoms have been proposed. Serum autoantibody against the muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) was increased in some patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) or psychiatric disease. We examined whether serum autoantibody against mAChR affected the central cholinergic system by measuring brain mAChR binding and acetylcholinesterase activity using positron emission tomography (PET) in CFS patients with positive [CFS(+)] and negative [CFS(-)] autoantibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five CFS(+) and six CFS(-) patients, as well as 11 normal control subjects underwent a series of PET measurements with N-[(11)C]methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate [(11)C](+)3-MPB for the mAChR binding and N-[(11)C]methyl-4-piperidyl acetate [(11)C]MP4A for acetylcholinesterase activity. Cognitive function of all subjects was assessed by neuropsychological tests. Although the brain [(11)C](+)3-MPB binding in CFS(-) patients did not differ from normal controls, CFS(+) patients showed significantly lower [(11)C](+)3-MPB binding than CFS(-) patients and normal controls. In contrast, the [(11)C]MP4A index showed no significant differences among these three groups. Neuropsychological measures were similar among groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results demonstrate that serum autoantibody against the mAChR can affect the brain mAChR without altering acetylcholinesterase activity and cognitive functions in CFS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yasuomi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouchi
authors.forename: Daisaku
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nakatsuka
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tahara
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Seiki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onoe
authors.forename: Etsuji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwase
authors.forename: Kouzi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguti
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuratsune
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D015673:Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008301:Maleimides; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D008301:Maleimides; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; C047272:3-(N-maleimidopropionyl)biocytin; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D008239:Lysine