title: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome: a comparative analysis in an unselected sample of mediterranean subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk. This study aimed to compare the difference of the three established diagnostic criteria of MS, developed by Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), American Heart Association (AHA) and National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and International Diabetes Federation (IDF), with regard to the prevalence of the syndrome and the ability to correctly identify individuals with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease or subclinical atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 947 consecutive patients underwent clinical evaluation between the 1997-2002. The project design included a medical assessment, biochemical analyses and the ecocolordoppler examination of carotid arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MS prevalence was 37% in ATPIII subjects, 36% in AHA/NHLBI subjects and 43% in IDF subjects. Excluding patients with diabetes (N.=259), the MS prevalence ranged from 32% (ATPIII and AHA/NHLBI subjects) and 40% (IDF subjects). By most criteria, MS-positive subjects had significant incidence of carotid atherosclerosis (P<0.05) and cardiovascular events (P<0.05) than MS-negative subjects, but not cerebrovascular events. Finally, patients with MS had higher serum levels of fibrinogen (P<0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events were increased in presence of the MS, irrespective of the several definitions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular and Nephro-Urological Diseases, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone" of the University of Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Corrado
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caccamo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Muratori
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tantillo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dell'oglio
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nugara
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Macaione
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Novo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alcamo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mignano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Novo
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids