title: A comparative study of the efficacy of endovenous laser treatment of the incompetent great saphenous under general anesthesia with external air cooling with and without tumescent anesthesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This clinical study reports our experience with endovenous laser treatment (ELT) in which external air cooling is used without classic tumescent anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred thirty-two patients underwent ELT under general sedation. In group A (n = 192), ELT was performed with air cooling but without the concurrent use of tumescent anesthesia. In group B (n = 40), patients were treated using the traditional tumescent technique. The parameters were similar for both groups: 980-nm diode laser, power of 15 W, and pulse duration of 1 second. The laser fiber and catheter were manually withdrawn in 3-mm increments. Ultrasound was performed to reevaluate vein closure at the end of surgery and 2 and 8 weeks and 1 year after. During follow-up, complications such as burns, dyschromia, pain, and dysesthesia, as well as time used for surgery were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 96% closure rate was obtained in groups A and B at 2 and 8 weeks. This rate remained stable 1 year after the ELT procedure. Except for a higher percentage of ecchymoses in group B (55%) than in group A (0%) (p < 0.001), no significant differences were observed for complications. With external air cooling, ELT took 17.5 minutes to perform for the whole leg, compared with 38.5 minutes when using tumescent anesthesia (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ELT surgery for the great saphenous vein can be safely performed using the air cooling method and is as efficacious as ELT done with tumescent anesthesia but takes significantly less time to perform.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Médico Vilafortuny, Fundación Antoni de Gimbernat, Cambrils, Spain.
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hernández Osma
authors.forename: Serge R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Mordon
authors.forename: Mohamad Feras
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Marqa
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vokurka
authors.forename: Mario A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Trelles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000388:Air; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000601:surgery*; D018582:Sick Leave / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012881:Skin Temperature; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000601:surgery*