title: First report of a life-threatening cardiac complication after percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty.
abstract: METHODS
  We report the first case of life-threatening cardiac tamponade after percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty and its treatment with pericardiac drainage and percutaneous retrieval of cement embolus.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To sensitize clinicians to the occurrence of perforation on the right side of the heart, with intracavity cement leakage as a potential complication after balloon kyphoplasty.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimal invasive technique for symptomatic vertebral fractures. Cement leakage after kyphoplasty is a rare complication compared with vertebroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 68-year-old female patient underwent balloon kyphoplasty after a recent third and fourth lumbar verlebral fracture was diagnosed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The day after balloon kyphoplasty, the patient complained of dyspnea and chest pain. Her hemodynamic status rapidly deteriorated. Acute occlusion of coronary vessels was excluded by coronary angiography. Pericardial tamponade was documented by echocardiography, and pericardial effusion was urgently drained. Computed tomographic scan revealed the presence of cement embolus inside the right ventricle due to right ventricle perforation during the kyphoplasty procedure. The cement embolus was successfully retrieved percutaneously with a snare catheter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimal invasive technique with low rate of complications. In case of postprocedural chest symptoms, it is mandatory to exclude right ventricle perforation, cardiac tamponade, and embolism into pulmonary vessels because of cement embolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  5.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Maria Hilf Hospital, Bad Neuenahr, Germany. I.Tran@maw.marienhaus-gmbh.de
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gerckens
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Remig
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zintl
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Textor
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002305:Cardiac Tamponade / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004322:Drainage; D004617:Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006335:Heart Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000293:injuries; D006801:Humans; D058498:Kyphoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000209:etiology; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements