title: Simulation training for improving the quality of care for older people: an independent evaluation of an innovative programme for inter-professional education.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This paper describes the evaluation of a 2-day simulation training programme for staff designed to improve teamwork and inpatient care and compassion in an older persons' unit.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The programme was designed to improve inpatient care for older people by using mixed modality simulation exercises to enhance teamwork and empathetic and compassionate care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthcare professionals took part in: (a) a 1-day human patient simulation course with six scenarios and (b) a 1-day ward-based simulation course involving five 1-h exercises with integrated debriefing. A mixed methods evaluation included observations of the programme, precourse and postcourse confidence rating scales and follow-up interviews with staff at 7-9 weeks post-training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Observations showed enjoyment of the course but some anxiety and apprehension about the simulation environment. Staff self-confidence improved after human patient simulation (t=9; df=56; p<0.001) and ward-based exercises (t=9.3; df=76; p<0.001). Thematic analysis of interview data showed learning in teamwork and patient care. Participants thought that simulation had been beneficial for team practices such as calling for help and verbalising concerns and for improved interaction with patients. Areas to address in future include widening participation across multi-disciplinary teams, enhancing post-training support and exploring further which aspects of the programme enhance compassion and care of older persons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study demonstrated that simulation is an effective method for encouraging dignified care and compassion for older persons by teaching team skills and empathetic and sensitive communication with patients and relatives.
authors.affiliation: Simulation and Interactive Learning (SaIL) Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, UK. alastair.ross@gstt.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Alastair J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Janet E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Naonori
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kodate
authors.forename: Libby
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Kellie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Suzie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Key
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Rebekah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schiff
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jaye
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003191:Comprehensive Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000193:education*; D006299:Health Services for the Aged / Q000592:standards*; D006757:Hospital Units; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008348:Manikins; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration; D016544:Patient Simulation; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000078329:Workforce