title: Exploring the binding diversity of intrinsically disordered proteins involved in one-to-many binding.
abstract: Molecular recognition features (MoRFs) are intrinsically disordered protein regions that bind to partners via disorder-to-order transitions. In one-to-many binding, a single MoRF binds to two or more different partners individually. MoRF-based one-to-many protein-protein interaction (PPI) examples were collected from the Protein Data Bank, yielding 23 MoRFs bound to 2-9 partners, with all pairs of same-MoRF partners having less than 25% sequence identity. Of these, 8 MoRFs were bound to 2-9 partners having completely different folds, whereas 15 MoRFs were bound to 2-5 partners having the same folds but with low sequence identities. For both types of partner variation, backbone and side chain torsion angle rotations were used to bring about the conformational changes needed to enable close fits between a single MoRF and distinct partners. Alternative splicing events (ASEs) and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) were also found to contribute to distinct partner binding. Because ASEs and PTMs both commonly occur in disordered regions, and because both ASEs and PTMs are often tissue-specific, these data suggest that MoRFs, ASEs, and PTMs may collaborate to alter PPI networks in different cell types. These data enlarge the set of carefully studied MoRFs that use inherent flexibility and that also use ASE-based and/or PTM-based surface modifications to enable the same disordered segment to selectively associate with two or more partners. The small number of residues involved in MoRFs and in their modifications by ASEs or PTMs may simplify the evolvability of signaling network diversity.
authors.affiliation: Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Wei-Lun
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Oldfield
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Jingwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Vladimir N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Uversky
authors.forename: A Keith
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dunker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030562:Databases, Protein; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011487:Protein Conformation; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D019154:Protein Splicing; D058767:Protein Unfolding; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012319:RNA Polymerase II