title: The role of MyD88 signaling in heterosubtypic influenza A virus infections.
abstract: A mouse model of heterosubtypic influenza A virus infections was used to determine the role of MyD88 signaling in CD4+ T-cell, CD8+ T-cell, and IgG immune responses. We found that MyD88 signaling played an important role in anti-influenza A virus heterosubtypic lung and spleen CD4+ T-cell, and spleen CD8+ T-cell, immune responses. MyD88 dependent signaling was important for T-helper 1 cytokine production in anti-influenza A virus lung and spleen heterosubtypic CD4+ T-cells, but not for their frequencies. Toll-like receptor 7 dependent signaling played a partial role in anti-influenza A virus lung heterosubtypic CD4+ T-helper 1 responses and anti-influenza A virus heterosubtypic IgG2c antibody levels. Our results have important implications for the generation of effective universal influenza vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Madera
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Libraty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000378:metabolism*; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7