title: [Central diabetes insipidus: diagnosis and management].
abstract: Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is caused by deficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) due to different conditions that can affect the hypothalamic neurons. It results in an inability to retain normal quantities of free water, which leads to polyuria, including at night, and polydipsia. In adults, it is mostly due to the "idiopathic" form or present after pituitary surgery or a traumatic brain injury. In rare cases, an underlying systemic disease is found. The diagnosis of CDI is based on the water deprivation test. Pituitary MRI and specific clinical and biological work-up are recommended to precise etiology. Treatment of choice is desmopressin, a synthetic analogue of the endogenous ADH hormone. A multidisciplinary team generally provides management and monitoring of CDI.
authors.affiliation: Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et nutrition, HUG, 1211 Genève 14. bettina.kohler@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: B Köhler
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Ballan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: E Gonzalez
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050034:Antidiuretic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020790:Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010348:Patient Care Team; D059606:Polydipsia / Q000209:etiology; D011141:Polyuria / Q000209:etiology; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014868:Water Deprivation
chemical_list: D050034:Antidiuretic Agents; D014667:Vasopressins; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin