title: The immunoproteasome in antigen processing and other immunological functions.
abstract: Treatment of cells with interferon-γ leads to the replacement of the constitutive catalytic proteasome subunits β1, β2, and β5 by the inducible subunits LMP2 (β1i), MECL-1 (β2i), and LMP7 (β5i), respectively, building the so-called immunoproteasome. The incorporation of these subunits is required for the production of numerous MHC class-I restricted T cell epitopes. Recently, new evidence for an involvement of the immunoproteasome in other facets of the immune response emerged. Investigations of autoimmune diseases in animal models and a genetic predisposition of β5i in human autoimmune disorders suggest a crucial function of the immunoproteasome in proinflammatory diseases. The recent elucidation of the high-resolution structure of the immunoproteasome will facilitate the design of immunoproteasome selective inhibitors for pharmacological intervention.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany. Michael.Basler@uni-konstanz.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Basler
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Groettrup
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000235:genetics; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors; C077436:LMP7 protein; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex