title: T Cell Immunoglobulin Mucin Domain (TIM)-3 Promoter Activity in a Human Mast Cell Line.
abstract: T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain (TIM)-3 is an immunomodulatory molecule and upregulated in T cells by several cytokines. TIM-3 also influences mast cell function but its transcriptional regulation in mast cells has not been clarified. Therefore, we examined the transcript level and the promoter activity of TIM-3 in mast cells. The TIM-3 transcript level was assessed by real-time RT-PCR and promoter activity by luciferase reporter assay. TIM-3 mRNA levels were increased in HMC-1, a human mast cell line by TGF-β1 stimulation but not by stimulation with interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-λ, TNF-α, or IL-10. TIM-3 promoter -349~+144 bp region relative to the transcription start site was crucial for the basal and TGF-β1-induced TIM-3 promoter activities in HMC-1 cells. TIM-3 promoter activity was increased by overexpression of Smad2 and Smad4, downstream molecules of TGF-β1 signaling. Our results localize TIM-3 promoter activity to the region spanning -349 to +144 bp in resting and TGF-β1 stimulated mast cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 442-749, Korea. ; Graduate Program of Molecular Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 442-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong-Chul
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Min-Yeong
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Myung-Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Kyongmin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park