title: Double J stent of frontal sinus outflow tract in revision frontal sinus surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Frontal sinus surgery continues to challenge even the most experienced endoscopic sinus surgeon. Revision frontal sinus surgery is even more challenging. The use of stents in frontal sinus surgery has long been described, as an attempt to decrease the incidence of synechiae and stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included five patients who had previously undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery but suffered recurrence of frontal sinusitis. Two had bilateral disease. Double J stents were used after endoscopic frontal sinusotomy. The stents were left in place for six months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four of the 5 patients (6 out of 7 sinuses) had a patent frontal outflow tract after 10 to 36 months' follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Double J stents can be used as frontal sinus stents. They are well tolerated by patients, easily applied, and self-retaining with no need for sutures. The length of the stent can be altered according to the patient's anatomy and pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. heshamansour@yahoo.com
authors.forename: H A K A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Mansour
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005626:Frontal Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015522:Frontal Sinusitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011859:Radiography; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult