title: In vitro antimicrobial activity of vancomycin-eluting bioresorbable β-TCP-polylactic acid nanocomposite material for load-bearing bone repair.
abstract: Release of antimicrobial agents from bone healing devices can dramatically reduce the risk of implant-associated infection. Here we report the fabrication and antimicrobial activity of a multifunctional load-bearing bioresorbable material that can provide mechanical support to the healing bone all while slowly releasing an antibiotic drug. Dense beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)-40 vol% polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposite containing 1 wt% vancomycin (VH) was high pressure consolidated at 2.5 GPa, at room temperature, or at 120 °C. Over the course of 5 weeks in TRIS solution, the β-TCP-PLA-VH nanocomposite released approximately 90 % of its drug load. Specimens consolidated at 120 °C had the highest initial mechanical properties and maintained 85 % of their compressive strength and 30 % of their bending strength after 5 weeks release. In vitro growth inhibition study showed significant antimicrobial efficacy of VH-impregnated β-TCP-PLA against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus when exposed to both high (2 × 10(5) CFU/mL) and very high (1 × 10(8) CFU/mL) bacterial concentrations. After 1 week, total eradication of the microorganisms was achieved. The results suggest that the developed high-strength antibiotic-eluting β-TCP-PLA nanocomposite can be a promising material for orthopedic surgical devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Makarov
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berdicevsky
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raz-Pasteur
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gotman
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D011091:Polyesters; C471130:beta-tricalcium phosphate-poly-L-lactide copolymer; D014640:Vancomycin