title: Selective dermal rejuvenation using intradermal injection of carbon dioxide and hyaluronic acid for facial wrinkles.
abstract: This study assessed selective dermal rejuvenation using sequential intradermal injections of carbon dioxide and hyaluronic acid as a treatment of facial wrinkles. An injection device was designed. After topical anesthesia, 0.1-mL carbon dioxide was gently injected intradermally so as to spread diffusely. A volume of 0.01- to 0.02-mL diluted hyaluronic acid was sequentially injected until the skin rose slightly. Overlapping injections were performed at 3 to 5 mm intervals. This process was repeated until the wrinkles were smoothened. This study included 36 cases of facial wrinkles in 34 patients. The follow-up period was 3 to 11 months. Temporary adverse effects were injection-site pain, mild edema, and redness. Most cases showed obvious improvement in skin thickness, elasticity, and smoothening. Complications included irregularities and hyperpigmentation in 3 cases, and 91% were highly satisfied with the antiwrinkle treatment. This method was a safe, economical, and clinically effective antiwrinkle treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Sae Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Jin Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Burm
authors.forename: Youn Wha
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid