title: PCDD/PCDF behavior in low-temperature pyrolysis of PCP-contaminated sandy soil.
abstract: This study investigates the behavior of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) formation, dechlorination and destruction in PCP-contaminated sandy soil by low-temperature thermal treatment. Experimental tests were carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere in the temperature range of 200-400 °C with a treatment time of 30 min. 70% of PCP removal from the soil was achieved, resulting in 1436±230 ng/kg, the highest PCDD/F formation at 250 °C; however, the highest toxic concentration was measured around 4.20±0.62 ng TEQ/kg at 300 °C with 80% PCP removal from the soil. Further analysis has revealed that OCDD is the most dominant congener that is supposed to be formed from the pyrolysis of PCP, while OCDF is the second prevailing congener, possibly due to pyrolysis of 2,3,4,5-TeCP being a main byproduct of PCP pyrolysis. Detection of less chlorinated dioxins and furans over 300 °C indicates the dechlorination of highly chlorinated dioxins and furans, especially octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) at 350 °C and 400 °C. Desorption from soil was supposed as a main mechanism for the distribution of PCDD/Fs in the gaseous phase, and not much difference in dioxins and furan levels was observed at 350 °C and 400 °C in the gaseous phase. Therefore, 350 °C is the most appropriate temperature to remove most PCP and PCDD/Fs from soil, as well as to meet PCDD/F emission standards (0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm(3)).
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Chungli 320, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ngo Thi
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Thuan
authors.forename: Nguyen Thanh
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Dien
authors.forename: Moo Been
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001572:Benzofurans / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D010416:Pentachlorophenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C023614:dibenzofuran; D010416:Pentachlorophenol