title: Rapid and efficient gene delivery into plant cells using designed peptide carriers.
abstract: To develop a new easy and quick gene delivery system for any types of plants, we prepared ionic complexes of plasmid DNA with designed peptide carriers, each of which combined a cell-penetrating peptide (Bp100 or Tat(2)) with a polycation (nona-arginine or a copolymer of histidine and lysine). The present system via the designed peptides demonstrated rapid and efficient transient transfections into intact leaf cells of  Nicotiana benthamiana  and  Arabidopsis thaliana  without protoplast preparations. The designed peptides demonstrated significantly higher transfection efficiency in comparison to the nonfusion peptides (Bp100, Tat2, nona-arginine, and copolymer of histidine and lysine), indicating that the combination of functional peptides was a key to develop an efficient peptide-based gene delivery system. On the basis of the results, we exhibited the versatility of the designed peptide-based gene delivery system, which will explore the application of plant biotechnology.
authors.affiliation: Enzyme Research Team, RIKEN Biomass Engineering Program, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lakshmanan
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshizumi
authors.forename: Kumar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sudesh
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Numata
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D015195:Drug Design; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D010455:Peptides