title: Sensitivity and specificity of monochromatic photography of the ocular fundus in differentiating optic nerve head drusen and optic disc oedema: optic disc drusen and oedema.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evaluation of the efficacy of monochromatic photography of the ocular fundus in differentiating optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) and optic disc oedema (ODE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-six patients with ONHD, 31 patients with ODE and 70 healthy subjects were studied. Colour and monochromatic fundus photography with different filters (green, red and autofluorescence) were performed. The results were analysed blindly by two observers. The sensitivity, specificity and interobserver agreement (k) of each test were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Colour photography offers 65.5 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity for the diagnosis of ONHD. Monochromatic photography improves sensitivity and specificity and provides similar results: green filter (71.20 % sensitivity, 96.70 % specificity), red filter (80.30 % sensitivity, 96.80 % specificity), and autofluorescence technique (87.8 % sensitivity, 100 % specificity). The interobserver agreement was good with all techniques used: autofluorescence (k = 0.957), green filter (k = 0.897), red filter (k = 0.818) and colour (k = 0.809).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Monochromatic fundus photography permits ONHD and ODE to be differentiated, with good sensitivity and very high specificity. The best results were obtained with autofluorescence and red filter study.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Unit, Alcorcon Foundation University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. pgili@fhalcorcon.es
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gili
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Flores-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yangüela
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orduña-Azcona
authors.forename: María Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Martín-Ríos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D015594:Optic Disk Drusen / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010211:Papilledema / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010781:Photography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity