title: Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy with ureteral access sheath in a transplanted kidney: case report and literature review.
abstract: This is the case of a 69-year-old woman with a history of right iliac fossa living-related kidney transplant that developed acute renal failure due to an obstructing stone in the proximal transplant ureter. She was successfully treated with mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy wherein a 14-Fr tract was created with serial dilation and a 14-Fr ureteral access sheath was used for access. A flexible ureteroscope with holmium laser and a helical wire basket were used to fragment and extract the stone, respectively. A 10-Fr nephrostomy tube was left for postoperative drainage. There are only a few published reports of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in transplant kidneys, but those reports suggest that the procedure is safe and effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA. akadlec@lumc.edu
authors.forename: Adam O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Kadlec
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Milner
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000503:physiopathology; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D007834:Lasers; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D014513:Ureter / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D018666:Ureteroscopy / Q000379:methods