title: Geographically selective assortment of cycles in pandemics: meta-analysis of data collected by Chizhevsky.
abstract: In the incidence patterns of cholera, diphtheria and croup during the past when they were of epidemic proportions, we document a set of cycles (periods), one of which was reported and discussed by A. L. Chizhevsky in the same data with emphasis on the mirroring in human disease of the ~11-year sunspot cycle. The data in this study are based on Chizhevsky’s book The Terrestrial Echo of Solar Storms and on records from the World Health Organization. For meta-analysis, we used the extended linear and nonlinear cosinor. We found a geographically selective assortment of various cycles characterizing the epidemiology of infections, which is the documented novel topic of this paper, complementing the earlier finding in the 21st century or shortly before, of a geographically selective assortment of cycles characterizing human sudden cardiac death. Solar effects, if any, interact with geophysical processes in contributing to this assortment.
authors.affiliation: Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gumarova
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cornélissen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hillman
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Halberg
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002909:Chronobiology Phenomena; D003440:Croup / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004165:Diphtheria / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D058873:Pandemics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D019445:Solar Activity