title: Cholesteatoma growth and proliferation: relevance with serpin B3.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mechanisms of cholesteatoma proliferation and growth remain unclear. The objective of this study is to discover the potential mechanisms of the proliferation and growth of cholesteatoma by direct experimental assessments on cholesteatoma tissues from patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study by the comparisons between cholesteatoma tissues and retroauricular skin tissues from the patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, LC-MS/MS analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed to investigate specific protein expression in cholesteatoma tissues compared with retroauricular skin tissues collected from the patients. Western blotting analysis was conducted to verify the regulation of specific proteins found by 2-DE, and to determine the changes of associated potential modulators in cholesteatoma proliferation and growth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve serpin B3 isoforms were found by 2-DE and identified by LC-MS/MS analysis, which is coherent with the results exhibited by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Up-regulation of STAT3 and down-regulations of cathepsin K and cathepsin L were represented using western blot.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data in this study suggested serpin B3, STAT3, cathepsin K, and cathepsin L are associated with the proliferation and growth of cholesteatoma, and these proteins may be influential factors in cholesteatoma growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuen-Yao
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Han Hsiang
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Kuo-Feng
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Jiing-Chuan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chee-Yin
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Wan-Tzu
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shih-Meng
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Chen-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Hsun-Mo
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002648:Child; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015843:Serpins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D015843:Serpins; C051072:squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen; D004247:DNA