title: Comparison of temporal artery, nasopharyngeal, and axillary temperature measurement during anesthesia in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the accuracy and precision of a new, noninvasive infrared thermometer applied to the temporal artery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trakya University Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  60 ASA physical status 1 and 2 children undergoing surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  During anesthesia, temperature measurements were recorded with three different techniques: temporal artery, nasopharynx, and axillary temperature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Temperatures measured from the nasopharynx, temporal artery, and the axilla were recorded at 15-minute intervals for the first hour, then at 30-minute intervals until the completion of surgery. During each measurement, heart rate and midarterial pressure were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences between temperatures recorded at the temporal artery and nasopharynx at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes, and the completion of surgery. Axillary temperatures were statistically lower than those recorded at the nasopharynx and the temporal artery (P < 0.001). Bland-Altman plots showed a correlation of temperature measurements between the temporal artery and nasopharyngeal methods. The axillary method had a lower correlation with the temporal artery and the nasopharyngeal methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The temporal artery thermometer is a substitute for the nasopharyngeal thermometer for core temperature measurement during anesthesia in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Edirne 22030, Turkey. sevtaphekimoglu@mynet.com
authors.forename: Sevtap Hekimoglu
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Ridvan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.forename: Necdet
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sut
authors.forename: Alkin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colak
authors.forename: Betul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Acunas
authors.forename: Burhan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aksu
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods*; D001365:Axilla; D001831:Body Temperature; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008297:Male; D009305:Nasopharynx; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013699:Temporal Arteries; D013817:Thermography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013821:Thermometers; D013997:Time Factors