title: Biological features of core networks that result from a high-fat diet in hepatic and pulmonary tissues in mammary tumour-bearing, obesity-resistant mice.
abstract: We previously demonstrated that the chronic consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) promotes lung and liver metastases of 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells in obesity-resistant BALB/c mice. To examine early transcriptional responses to tumour progression in the liver and lungs of HFD-fed mice, 4-week-old female BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: sham-injected, control diet (CD)-fed; sham-injected, HFD-fed (SH); 4T1 cell-injected, CD-fed (TC); 4T1 cell-injected, HFD-fed (TH). Following 16 weeks of either a CD or HFD, 4T1 cells were injected into the mammary fat pads of mice in the TC and TH groups and all mice were continuously fed identical diets. At 14 d post-injection, RNA was isolated from hepatic and pulmonary tissues for microarray analysis of mRNA expression. Functional annotation and core network analyses were conducted for the TH/SH Unique gene set. Inflammation in hepatic tissues and cell mitosis in pulmonary tissues were the most significant biological functions in the TH/SH Unique gene set. The biological core networks of the hepatic TH/SH Unique gene set were characterised as those genes involved in the activation of acute inflammatory responses (Orm1, Lbp, Hp and Cfb), disordered lipid metabolism and deregulated cell cycle progression. Networks of the pulmonary Unique gene set displayed the deregulation of cell cycle progression (Cdc20, Cdk1 and Bub1b). These HFD-influenced alterations may have led to favourable conditions for the formation of both pro-inflammatory and pro-mitotic microenvironments in the target organs that promote immune cell infiltration and differentiation, as well as the infiltration and proliferation of metastatic tumour cells.
authors.affiliation: Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Ji
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hea Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Hyoung-Sam
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Ji Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Sung-Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Ki Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Cheol-Goo
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: Jung Han Yoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D012333:RNA, Messenger