title: Hybrid carbon nanotube networks as efficient hole extraction layers for organic photovoltaics.
abstract: Transparent, highly percolated networks of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (rr-P3HT)-wrapped semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWNTs) are deposited, and the charge transfer processes of these nanohybrids are studied using spectroscopic and electrical measurements. The data disclose hole doping of s-SWNTs by the polymer, challenging the prevalent electron-doping hypothesis. Through controlled fabrication, high- to low-density nanohybrid networks are achieved, with low-density hybrid carbon nanotube networks tested as hole transport layers (HTLs) for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaics (OPV). OPVs incorporating these rr-P3HT/s-SWNT networks as the HTL demonstrate the best large area (70 mm(2)) carbon nanotube incorporated organic solar cells to date with a power conversion efficiency of 7.6%. This signifies the strong capability of nanohybrids as an efficient hole extraction layer, and we believe that dense nanohybrid networks have the potential to replace expensive and material scarce inorganic transparent electrodes in large area electronics toward the realization of low-cost flexible electronics.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: G Dinesha M R
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Dabera
authors.forename: K D G Imalka
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Jayawardena
authors.forename: M R Ranga
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Prabhath
authors.forename: Iskandar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yahya
authors.forename: Y Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: N Aamina
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Nismy
authors.forename: Hidetsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiozawa
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Soria
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ayala
authors.forename: Vlad
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stolojan
authors.forename: A A Damitha T
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adikaari
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Jarowski
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pichler
authors.forename: S Ravi P
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004579:Electron Transport; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D012993:Solar Energy
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; C526212:poly(3-hexyl)selenophene