title: Characterization of in vivo antioxidant constituents and dual-standard quality assessment of Danhong injection.
abstract: Antioxidants and oxidative stress play a critical role in cardiovascular diseases. Danhong injection (DHI) is a well prescribed cardiovascular medication in China, but its detailed chemical basis and mechanisms of action remain unknown. To prove the antioxidant activity of DHI, its free radical scavenging capacity (RSC) was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) spectrophotometric assay. The 50% radical scavenging activity value was 1:129.2 mL/mL, against 0.95 mM DPPH. To further identify the antioxidant compounds, modified thin-layer chromatography combined with DPPH bioautography assay was used. Compared with vitamin C, 11 of 16 available compounds displayed strong antioxidant activity, which were also detected in rat serum after intravenous administration of DHI by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, except for hydroxysafflor yellow A. Therefore, 10 antioxidants remaining in the blood as key markers, and six other compounds as general markers, were employed to perform the quality control of DHI by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection after systematic methodological validation. The analytical results indicate a high correlation (r = 0.9) between the total content of those antioxidants remaining in blood and RSC of DHI among 10 batches. Further, the antioxidant profiling and chemical marker quantification as dual-standard quality assessment was successfully applied to evaluate Danshen and safflower injections.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hai-Tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yue-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Olajide
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Olaleye
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiu-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Li-Yuan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D016014:Linear Models; D010851:Picrates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010851:Picrates; C540581:danhong; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl