title: 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in high fat-fed rats.
abstract: Alpinia galanga and Languas galanga, which are plants belonging to the ginger family, are frequently used for cooking, especially in Thai and Indonesian cuisine. The compound 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), which is naturally obtained from the rhizomes and seeds of these gingers, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the anti-obesity effects of ACA in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in high fat diet (HFD)-induced rat models of obesity. ACA caused a significant decrease in the activity of GPDH in 3T3-L1 adipocytes without eliciting cell cytotoxicity, and it inhibited cellular lipid accumulation through the down-regulation of transcription factors such as PPARγ and C/EBPα. ACA also induced a dose-dependent phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In the animal model, rats fed an HFD containing 0.05% ACA gained less weight than rats fed an HFD alone. The visceral fat mass in rats fed an HFD containing 0.05% ACA tended to be lower than that in rats fed an HFD alone. Furthermore, a histological examination of livers from rats fed an HFD showed steatohepatitis. However, rats fed an HFD containing 0.05% ACA showed no histopathological changes in the liver tissue. Our results show that ACA exerts anti-obesity activities both in vitro and in vivo and suggests that ACA may have a novel preventive activity against obesity and possibly other metabolic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585,  Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsui-Yuasa
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deguchi
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yaku
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tabuchi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Munakata
authors.forename: Yasumitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akahoshi
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kojima-Yuasa
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000263:Adenylate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D001592:Benzyl Alcohols; D004041:Dietary Fats; D000263:Adenylate Kinase; C047948:1'-acetoxychavicol acetate