title: Stent induced gastric wall erosion and endoscopic retrieval of nonadjustable gastric band: a new technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In gastrointestinal surgery, specifically in bariatric surgery, there are many types of fixed bands used for restriction and there are a multitude reasons that might eventually be an impetus for the removal of those bands. Bands consisting of Marlex or non silastic materials can be extremely difficult to remove. Intraoperative complications removing fixed bands include the difficulty in locating the band, inability to remove all of the band, and damage to surrounding structures including gastrotomies. Removal of eroded bands endoscopically may pose less risk. Potentially, forced erosion may be an easier modality than surgery, allowing revision without having to deal with the actual band at the time of definitive revision surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case series developed from a university single institution bariatric practice setting was utilized. Endpoints for the study include success of band removal, complications, length of time the stent was present, and the type of stent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 15 consecutive cases utilizing endoscopic stenting to actively induce fixed gastric band erosion for subsequent endoscopic removal were reviewed. There was an 87 % success rate in complete band removal with partial removal of the remaining bands that resolved the patient's symptoms. A complication rate of 27 % was recorded among the 15 patients, consisting of pain and/or nausea and vomiting. The mean time period of the placement of the stent prior to removal or attempted removal was 16.3 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic forced erosion of fixed gastric bands is feasible, safe, and may offer an advantage over laparoscopic removal. This technique is especially applicable for gastric obstruction from fixed bands, prior to large and definitive revision surgeries, or anticipated hostile anatomy that might preclude an abdominal operation altogether.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Suite 4.294, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Todd D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Brad E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Erik B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D020878:Device Removal / Q000379:methods*; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000601:surgery*; D017219:Gastric Outlet Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D015391:Gastroplasty / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011126:Polypropylenes; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D011126:Polypropylenes; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; C013830:baysilon; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene