title: Short communication: Associations between teat dimensions and milking-induced changes in teat dimensions and quarter milk somatic cell counts in dairy cows.
abstract: Although many studies have examined the relation between a wide range of factors and quarter milk somatic cell count (qSCC), including physical characteristics of the teat and changes in teat tissue due to milking, the effect of short-term, milking-induced changes in teat dimensions on somatic cell count has not yet been investigated. To identify teat dimensions and milking-induced changes in teat dimensions associated with qSCC, we conducted a longitudinal study (n(herds)=6, n(cows)=72, n(measurements)=12). Parity, stage of lactation, teat barrel diameter, and changes in teat barrel diameter during milking were identified as factors associated with qSCC. Teats with wider barrels had higher qSCC. Negative changes in the diameter of the teat barrel during milking (i.e., thinner teats postmilking compared with premilking) were associated with lower qSCC, whereas positive changes (i.e., thicker teats postmilking compared with premilking) were associated with higher qSCC. Selection toward more optimal teat characteristics may therefore result in improved milk quality and udder health. However, a threshold might exist for the maximum reduction in teat barrel diameter below which udder health is negatively influenced. If so, changes in teat barrel diameter might serve as an indicator for suboptimal milking and incorrect choice of teatcup liner or milking machine settings and thus help improve management of the herd.
authors.affiliation: The Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Agricultural Engineering, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zwertvaegher
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Vliegher
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Verbist
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Nuffel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baert
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Weyenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D002452:Cell Count; D003612:Dairying; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D008892:Milk / Q000166:cytology* / Q000592:standards