title: BMP-2 stimulated non-tenogenic differentiation and promoted proteoglycan deposition of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) in vitro.
abstract: We hypothesized that BMP-2 might induce non-tenocyte differentiation and increase production of proteoglycans of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs). This study investigated the effects of BMP-2 on the differentiation and production of proteoglycans in TDSCs in vitro. Rat patellar TDSCs were treated without or with BMP-2. The osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and tenogenic differentiation of TDSCs were assessed by (1) Alizarin red-S staining assay; (2) Oil Red-O staining assay; (3) haematoxylin-eosin staining, Safranin-O staining, immunohistochemical staining of Sox9, and collagen type II; and (4) qRT-PCR analysis of lineage-specific markers. The production of glycoaminoglycans (GAG) in the BMP-2-treated TDSCs was assessed by alcian blue staining. The mRNA expression of aggrecan (Acan), decorin (Dcn), biglycan (Bgn), and fibromodulin (Fmod) in TDSCs after BMP-2 treatment was assessed by qRT-PCR. BMP-2 promoted the osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation but inhibited tenogenic marker expression of TDSCs. GAG production and Acan increased while Dcn, Bgn, and Fmod decreased in TDSCs after BMP-2 stimulation. In conclusion, BMP-2 promoted GAG deposition, aggrecan expression, and enhanced non-tenocyte differentiation of TDSCs in vitro. The effect of BMP-2 on TDSCs might provide insights into the histopathological changes of tendinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Yun Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Rui
authors.forename: Pauline Po Yee
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Lui
authors.forename: Yin Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Kai Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D021461:Animals, Outbred Strains; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D017847:Patellar Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C525720:Bmp2 protein, rat; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D011509:Proteoglycans