title: Influence of decoys on the noise and dynamics of gene expression.
abstract: Many transcription factors bind to DNA with a remarkable lack of specificity, so that regulatory binding sites compete with an enormous number of nonregulatory "decoy" sites. For an autoregulated gene, we show decoy sites decrease noise in the number of unbound proteins to a Poisson limit that results from binding and unbinding. This noise buffering is optimized for a given protein concentration when decoys have a 1/2 probability of being occupied. Decoys linearly increase the time to approach steady state and exponentially increase the time to switch epigenetically between bistable states.
authors.affiliation: Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
authors.forename: Anat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.forename: Aleksandra M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Walczak
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Wolynes
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D001665:Binding Sites; D001703:Biophysics / Q000379:methods*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015870:Gene Expression; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016678:Genome; D008954:Models, Biological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011336:Probability; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors; D004247:DNA