title: Effect of different provisional cement remnant cleaning procedures including Er:YAG laser on shear bond strength of ceramics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of provisional cement removal by different dentin cleaning protocols (dental explorer, pumice, cleaning bur, Er:YAG laser) on the shear bond strength between ceramic and dentin.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 36 caries-free unrestored human third molars were selected as tooth specimens. Provisional restorations were fabricated and cemented with eugenol-free provisional cement. Then, disc-shaped ceramic specimens were fabricated and randomly assigned to four groups of dentin cleaning protocols (n = 9). Group 1 (control): Provisional cements were mechanically removed with a dental explorer. Group 2: The dentin surfaces were treated with a cleaning brush with pumice Group 3: The dentin surfaces were treated with a cleaning bur. Group 4: The provisional cements were removed by an Er:YAG laser. Self-adhesive luting cement was used to bond ceramic discs to dentin surfaces. Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured using a universal testing machine at a 0.05 mm/min crosshead speed. The data were analyzed using a Kolmogorov Smirnov, One-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests to perform multiple comparisons (α=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  THE DENTIN CLEANING METHODS DID NOT SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECT THE SBS OF CERAMIC DISCS TO DENTIN AS FOLLOWS: dental explorer, pumice, cleaning bur, and Er:YAG laser.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of different cleaning protocols did not affect the SBS between dentin and ceramic surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri-Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zortuk
authors.forename: Hasan Onder
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Gumus
authors.forename: Halil Ibrahim
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Kilinc
authors.forename: Ali Riza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tuncdemir