title: Surgical treatment for metachronous second primary lung cancer after radical resection of primary lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We retrospectively reviewed our experience of surgical resection for second primary lung cancer (SPLC) in our institute. And to clarify whether periodic follow-up after resection of first primary lung cancer (FPLC) is associated with earlier detection of SPLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2003 to March 2011, a total of 386 patients underwent surgical resection for primary lung cancer in our institute. Of these patients, 21 (5.4%) with SPLC were observed during follow-up after surgery. Radiation therapy was selected instead of surgical resection in 7 patients to preserve respiratory function. The other14 patients are reviewed in this paper.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histological types were different between FPLC and SPLC in only one patient(FPLC: adenosquamous carcinoma, SPLC: squamous cell carcinoma). The average SPLC tumor size (18±8 mm) was smaller (P = 0.07) than the average FPLC tumor size (26±14 mm). Recurrence was not observed in these patients.The follow-up period after resection of SPLC was 31±30 (5-94) months. During followup, 2 patients died of de novo malignancies, and the other 12 patients were alive without recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Systematic and periodic long-term follow-up after FPLC probably resulted in earlier detection of SPLC and yielded this good prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishigaki
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimasu
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oura
authors.forename: Fuminori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yoshimitu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden