title: Vitamin D and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The deleterious effect of vitamin D deficiency on bone health has long been known. More recent studies suggest a deleterious effect of low vitamin D (hypovitaminosis D) on general health. And specific studies propose an association between hypovitaminosis D and the aetiology and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Given a commonly assumed lack of toxicity of vitamin D, routine measurement of plasma vitamin D and supplementation is rapidly becoming accepted general practice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Authoritative practice guidelines have raised the level of vitamin D that is to be considered minimal for optimum health. This recommendation was based on a wealth of information and definitive evidence for skeletal benefits of vitamin D, but there was a lack of compelling evidence that hypovitaminosis D is causally related to extra-skeletal health outcomes such as diabetes. Hence, vitamin D supplementation for the purpose of achieving a level consistent with good health is evidence based, but measurement and supplementation for the purpose of preventing or treating T2DM is not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the maintenance of adequate vitamin D levels is desirable for all patients, we conclude that routine measurement of vitamin D level in every patient or initiating high-dose supplementation for the purpose of preventing or treating T2DM is not evidence based.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cangoz
authors.forename: Y-Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chempakaseril
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Guduru
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Judge
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kimmey
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kudratov
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Madhani
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruchalski
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Raffa
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D