title: The impact of level of personality organization on treatment response: a systematic review.
abstract: This paper provides a systematic review of extant research concerning the association between level of personality organization (PO) and psychotherapy response. Psychotherapy studies that reported a quantifiable association between level of PO and treatment outcome were examined for eligibility. Based on stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria, we identified 18 studies from 13 original data sources. Participants in these studies had a variety of mental disorders, of which mood, anxiety, and personality disorders were the most common. The results of this systematic review converge to suggest that higher initial levels of PO are moderately to strongly associated with better treatment outcome. Some studies indicate that level of PO may interact with the type of intervention (i.e., interpretive versus supportive) in predicting treatment outcome, which suggests the importance of tailoring the level of interpretive work to the level of PO. Yet, at the same time, the limited number of studies available and the heterogeneity of measures used to assess PO in existing research stress the need for further research. Potential implications for clinical practice and guidelines for future research are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Altrecht Psychosomatic Medicine, Zeist, The Netherlands. jurkoel@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jurrijn A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Koelen
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luyten
authors.forename: Liesbeth H M
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Eurelings-Bontekoe
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Diguer
authors.forename: Rudi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vermote
authors.forename: Benedicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lowyck
authors.forename: Martina E F
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bühring
mesh_terms: D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D010551:Personality; D010553:Personality Development; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D011582:Psychological Theory; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D057566:Self Report; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome