title: Critical limb ischemia: an update for interventional radiologists.
abstract: Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a growing epidemic with bleak patient outcomes. A variety of treatment modalities have been adopted to address CLI based on comorbidities, life expectancy, and the nature of the arterial disease. With advances in technology and treatment strategies, the clinical outcomes of CLI patients have significantly improved over recent years. However, despite progress, patency rates of both surgical and endovascular interventions, limb-salvage and amputation rates are still dismal. We review the epidemiology, treatment strategies, imaging modalities, and the microcirculation aspect of CLI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Brazeau
authors.forename: Erique G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Harlan B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Pomerantz
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wicky
authors.forename: Rahmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oklu
mesh_terms: D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D008833:Microcirculation; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014654:Vascular Patency