title: Role of TLR-2 and fungal surface antigens on innate immune response against Sporothrix schenckii.
abstract: Sporotrichosis is an infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in immunity, since they bind to pathogen surface antigens and initiate the immune response. However, little is known about the role of TLR-2 and fungal surface antigens in the recognition of S. schenckii and in the subsequent immune response. This study aimed to evaluate the involvement of TLR-2 and fungal surface soluble (SolAg) and lipidic (LipAg) antigens in phagocytosis of S. schenckii and production of immune mediators by macrophages obtained from WT and TLR-2(-/-) animals. The results showed that TLR-2(-/-) animals had had statistical lower percentage of macrophages with internalized yeasts compared to WT. SolAg and LipAg impaired phagocytosis and immunological mediator production for both WT and TLR-2(-/-). The absence of TLR-2 led to lower production of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12 and IL-10 compared to WT animals. These results suggest a new insight in relation to how the immune system, through TLR-2, recognizes and induces the production of mediators in response to the fungus S. schenckii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thais de C
authors.initials: Tde C
authors.lastname: Negrini
authors.forename: Lucas S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Pâmela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alegranci
authors.forename: Rodrigo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.forename: Pedro P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Sundfeld
authors.forename: Danielle C G
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.forename: Luis C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Spolidorio
authors.forename: Iracilda Z
authors.initials: IZ
authors.lastname: Carlos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D013175:Sporothrix / Q000276:immunology*; D013174:Sporotrichosis / Q000276:immunology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2