title: [Effects of an infant/toddler health program on parenting knowledge, behavior, confidence, and home environment in low-income mothers].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a mother/infant-toddler health program developed to enhance parenting knowledge, behavior and confidence in low income mothers and home environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used. Sixty-nine dyads of mothers and infant-toddlers (aged 0-36 months) were provided with weekly intervention for seven session. Each session consisted of three parts; first, educating to increase integrated knowledge related to the development of the infant/toddler including nutrition, first aid and home environment; second, counseling to share parenting experience among the mothers and to increase their nurturing confidence; third, playing with the infant/toddler to facilitate attachment-based parenting behavior for the mothers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following the programs, there were significant increases in parenting knowledge on nutrition and first aid. A significant improvement was found in attachment-based parenting behavior, but not in home safety practice. Nurturing confidence was not significantly increased. The program led to more positive home environment for infant/toddler's health and development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings provide evidence for mother-infant/toddler health program to improve parenting knowledge, attachment-based parenting behavior and better home environment in low income mothers. Study of the long term effectiveness of this program is recommended for future research.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Gyungjoo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Soo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Mi Heui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Mijung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yeom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005392:First Aid; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007229:Infant Welfare; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D011203:Poverty; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D020377:Self Efficacy