title: Tissue microarray technology and findings for diagnostic immunohistochemistry.
abstract: This study was undertaken to determine the validity and viability of tissue microarray (TMA) technology in assessing diagnostic immunohistochemistry (IHC) at a single laboratory site.
  
  
  
  IHC using 57 primary antibodies was performed on a TMA paraffin block containing 89 cores of duplicate previously identified 1 mm diameter tissue specimens. IHC was interpreted by a histology scientist with IHC experience, with pathologist assistance if required. Review of the literature was performed to investigate cases of unexpected immunoreactivity.
  
  
  
  55 of 57 antibodies had expected positive staining against the TMA tissue panel that correlated with the original paraffin blocks. Immunostaining of duplicate 1 mm cores correlated with the originally sourced paraffin block in 42 of 43 (98%) tissue types. Some antibodies had unexpected positive immunoreactivity.
  
  
  
  TMA technology can be utilised effectively in the diagnostic IHC laboratory as a universal positive multiple tissue control block for routine IHC, and can provide valuable information for the benefit of histology scientists and pathologists with respect to interpretation of IHC staining.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Pathology, Pathology Queensland-The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Queensland, Australia. anthony_van_Zwieten@health.qld.gov.au
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Zwieten
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor