title: An Arabidopsis mutant atcsr-2 exhibits high cadmium stress sensitivity involved in the restriction of H2S emission.
abstract: The gene AtCSR encodes peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) that accelerate energetically unfavorable cis/trans isomerization of the peptide bond preceding proline production. In our studies, we found that AtCSR was associated with cadmium (Cd)-sensitive response in Arabidopsis. Our results show that AtCSR expression was triggered by Cd-stress in wild type Arabidopsis. The expression of some genes responsible for Cd(2+) transportation into vacuoles was induced, and the expression of the iron-regulated transporter 1 (IRT1) related to Cd(2+) absorption from the environment was not induced in wild type with Cd(2+) treatment. The expression of Cd-transportation related genes was not in response to Cd-stress, whereas IRT expression increased dramatically in atcsr-2 with Cd(2+) treatment. The expression of glutathione 1 (GSH1) was consistent with GSH being much lower in atcsr-2 in comparison with the wild type with Cd(2+) treatment. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide, and Cd(2+) contents, and activities of some antioxidative enzymes, differed between the wild type and atcsr-2. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has been confirmed as the third gas-transmitter over recent years. The findings revealed that the expression pattern of H(2)S-releasing related genes and that of Cd-induced chelation and transportation genes matched well in the wild type and atcsr-2, and H(2)S could regulate the expression of the Cd-induced genes and alleviate Cd-triggered toxicity. Finally, one possible suggestion was given: down-regulation of atcsr-2, depending on H(2)S gas-transmitter not only weakened Cd(2+) chelation, but also reduced Cd(2+) transportation into vacuoles, as well as enhancing the Cd(2+) assimilation, thus rendering atcsr-2 mutant sensitive to Cd-stress.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
authors.forename: Ya-wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ze-hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Yi-xian
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zeng-jie
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Li-ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhu-ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yan-xi
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Pei
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000502:physiology*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation / Q000502:physiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide