title: Comparison of the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting between women undergoing open or robot-assisted thyroidectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Open thyroidectomy is associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in up to 70 % of cases. Use of the recently introduced robot-assisted endoscopic thyroidectomy using a gasless transaxillary approach has been increasing because of its several advantages over open thyroidectomy. This study compared the incidence of PONV in the women who underwent open or robot-assisted thyroidectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective, double-blinded study enrolled 170 women 20-60 years of age who were scheduled for conventional open thyroidectomy (group O) or robot-assisted thyroidectomy (group R). A standard anesthetic technique, including sevoflurane and air in oxygen, was used. During a 0-24-h postoperative period, the presence and severity of PONV (nausea, retching/vomiting), severity of pain, need for rescue antiemetics, and the degree of patient satisfaction were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 0-6-h postoperative period, the incidence of PONV and mean pain score (40.0 vs. 51.8 %and 4.2 vs. 4.8 in groups R and O, respectively) were not significantly different. At 6-24 h postoperatively, the incidence of PONV (18.8 vs. 44.7 %), severe emesis (11.8 vs. 29.4 %) and mean pain score (2.8 vs. 3.8) were significantly lower in group R compared to group O, respectively. Overall, the incidence of PONV (42.4 vs. 63.5 %) and severe emesis (20.0 vs. 43.5 %) were significantly lower in group R compared to group O, respectively. The incidence of satisfied patients 6 and 24 h after the end of anesthesia (55.3 vs. 28.2 and 82.4 vs. 58.8 %) were significantly higher in group R compared to group O, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Robotic thyroidectomy reduces the incidence and severity of PONV compared to open thyroidectomy during a 0-24-h postoperative period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Medical Center, Ansan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Yun Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Han Bum
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Kyu Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jin Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sook Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012371:Robotics; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane