title: A diet following Finnish nutrition recommendations does not contribute to the current epidemic of obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recently, the general public opinion is that nutritional recommendations promote obesity rather than prevent it. We created the Recommended Finnish Diet Score (RFDS) that illustrates the Finnish nutrition recommendations and assessed whether this score is associated with BMI, waist circumference (WC) and body fat percentage (BF%).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study included two phases of the National FINRISK 2007 Study. Diet was assessed using a validated FFQ. Height, weight, WC and BF% were measured, and BMI values were calculated. The RFDS was developed based on the national nutrition recommendations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A large representative sample of the Finnish population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men (n 2190) and women (n 2530) aged 25-74 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The RFDS was inversely associated with WC in men (OR = 0·48, 95 % CI 0·28, 0·81, P < 0·05) and BF% in both men (OR = 0·44, 95 % CI 0·24, 0·82, P-trend < 0·05) and women (OR = 0·63, 95 % CI 0·37, 1·08, P-trend < 0·05). The inverse association of RFDS and BF% appeared stronger among older age groups (men: OR = 0·21 CI 0·07, 0·64, P-trend < 0·01; women: OR = 0·56, 95 % CI 0·25, 1·27, P-trend < 0·05) and among women with normal BMI (OR = 0·62, 95 % CI 0·36, 1·09, P-trend < 0·05). The RFDS was not associated with BMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A diet following nutrition recommendations is likely to help to maintain normal WC and BF%. These findings could be useful for dietary counselling and the prevention of obesity.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Helsinki, Finland. noora.kanerva@thl.fi
authors.forename: Noora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanerva
authors.forename: Niina E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Kaartinen
authors.forename: Marja-Leena
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ovaskainen
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Konttinen
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kontto
authors.forename: Satu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Männistö
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004034:Diet Surveys; D002149:Energy Intake; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005638:Fruit; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D014675:Vegetables; D055105:Waist Circumference; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated