title: Unwitnessed lithium ion disc battery ingestion: case report and review of best practice management of an increasing clinical concern.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a case of unwitnessed lithium ion disc battery ingestion, with a review of radiology findings and current best practice management.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-year-old girl presented following ingestion of a foreign body, which her four-year-old brother claimed was a one pound coin. The patient was managed non-urgently and transferred for specialist ENT assessment 6 hours following the initial ingestion, with no evidence of airway compromise. A corroded battery was removed from the level of the cricopharyngeus after 8 hours, with an associated circumferential mucosal burn.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is increasing concern regarding the acknowledged rising incidence of lithium ion disc battery ingestion. The lack of a high index of suspicion and the inability to recognise subtleties on imaging may lead to suboptimal management with a higher degree of unnecessary immediate and delayed morbidity. The recently published American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines may guide the approach to managing battery ingestions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK. n.dawe@nhs.net
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dawe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puvanendran
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Flood
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004435:Eating; D004556:Electric Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004947:Esophagus; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008094:Lithium; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic
chemical_list: D008094:Lithium