title: [Association of glycaemic variability and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between blood glucose fluctuations and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in type 2 diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  64 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital from July 2009 to March 2012 were recruited in this study. The CIMT were measured bilaterally with high-resolution ultrasonography. The glucose excursions were assessed by the following parameters obtained from the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for 72 h: mean blood glucose (MBG) and its standard deviation (SD), mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE), mean of daily differences (MODD). Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) of the participants were also determined. According to the levels of CIMT, 64 diabetic patients were classified into two groups: diabetes mellitus without atherosclerosis (A group, n = 37) and diabetes mellitus with atherosclerosis (B group, n = 27). The relationship between the parameters of glycaemic variability and CIMT was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) There were no differences between A group and B group with regard to gender composition, course of diabetes, body mass index (BMI), diabetic chronic complications, family history of diabetes, smoking, alcohol drinking, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), TG, TC, HDL-c, SD and MAGE (P > 0.05). A group had younger age and lower levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), LN(LDL-c) and LN (MODD) than B group (P < 0.05). (2) Pearson correlation analyses showed that CIMT was positively correlated with age (r = 0.370, P = 0.005), LN (LDL-c) (r = 0.325, P = 0.009), SD (r = 0.251, P = 0.045) and LN (MODD) (r = 0.346, P = 0.005). (3) Age, smoking, LN (LDL-c) and LN (MODD) were identified as predictors for CIMT in the multiple linear regression analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glucose excursions may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes, which is independent from HbA1c levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xia-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Xiao-Rong
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Da-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiu-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xing-Wu
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Ran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000473:pathology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human