title: Immune activation and antitumor response of ar-turmerone on P388D1             lymphoblast cell implanted tumors.
abstract: Aromatic turmerone (ar-turmerone) has been reported to have a cytotoxic             effect on L-1210 and HL-60 cells. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer             responses and immune activities in implanted tumor cells. Our study found that             ar-turmerone inhibited the increase in the number of white blood cells, which             normally increase by the injection of lymphoblast cells, or P388D1, and ar-turmerone             increased lymphocyte percentage compared to the control. Tumor inhibition rate             in the ar-turmerone-treated group was 11.79%, and the apoptosis indexes of the             control, ar-turmerone and Glivec groups were 4.22±1.02, 5.45±1.46 and 10.01±2.01,             respectively, in which only the Glivec-treated group showed a significance. The             positive rates of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins which were treated by ar-turmerone did             not show marked differences compared to the control group, but the Bax protein             in the Glivec-treated group increased compared to the control group. The density             of caspase-1, -3, -6, -9, Bcl-2, Bax, p21 and p53 mRNA in the control, ar-turmerone             and Glivec groups did not change considerably, but the Bax mRNA of the Glivec-treated             group increased compared to the control group. The ar-turmerone-treated group             increased T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte proliferation activities compared to the             control group, which was more significant in T-lymphocyte than in B-lymphocyte             proliferation activity. The interleukin-2 (IL2) production activity of the ar-turmerone             group increased compared to the control group. These findings suggest that ar-turmerone             does not have a chemotherapeutic effect on tumor incidence, but it has a repressive             effect on P388D1 lymphocytic leukemia. Furthermore, this protective effect of             ar-turmerone from P388D1 lymphocytic leukemia resulted from the increased activity             of tumor immunogenicity through increased T-lymphokine production and increased             percentage of lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Center, Daewoo Pharm. Co., Ltd., Saha-gu,                     Busan 604-030, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Donghee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Hyunsook
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yongkyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D007659:Ketones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007659:Ketones; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C078098:ar-turmerone