title: [Gibberellins--structure, biosynthesis and deactivation in plants].
abstract: Gibberellins (GA), as one of the most important phytohormones, control different aspect of plant growth and development such as seed germination, stem elongation and floral induction. Although identified more than a hundred and thirty GA, only a small number of them are biological active. Many non-bioactive GA are present in plant tissues as precursors or deactivated metabolites. Biochemical and genetic approaches have led to the recognition most of the genes that encode GA biosynthesis and deactivation enzymes, and conducted investigation has helped us to better understand GA functions in plants. Many enzymes involved in GA metabolism are multifunctional and therefore fewer enzymes than might be expected are required to created the various gibberellins structures. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on the GA biosynthesis and deactivation pathways in plants and showed precise characteristic of genes and encoding protein which are involved in gibberellins metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 9 Gagarina St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland. kasia_swiniarska@o2.pl
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marciniak
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kesy
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tretyn
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kopcewicz
mesh_terms: D005875:Gibberellins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005875:Gibberellins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators