title: Characterization of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) viperin expression, and inhibition of bacterial growth and modulation of immune-related gene expression by electrotransfer of viperin DNA into zebrafish muscle.
abstract: Viperin is an anti-viral protein, induced by viral infection. In this study, we examined whether over-expression of viperin in fish muscle could inhibit bacterial growth. We first obtained the cDNA sequence of tilapia viperin, through RT-PCR-mediated cloning and sequencing. The cDNA sequence was similar to those of several fish viperins in GenBank, and it was predicted to encode the conserved domain of radical S-adenosylmethionine superfamily proteins. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that tilapia viperin was most closely related to viperin of Sciaenops ocellatus, Coreoperca kawamebari, and C. whiteheadi. Expression of tilapia viperin was significantly up-regulated in the kidney, liver, spleen, and gills upon challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and poly(I:C) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Injection of Vibrio vulnificus (204) and Streptococcus agalactiae (SA47) bacteria into tilapia resulted in significant induction of viperin expression in the whole body, kidney, liver, and spleen. Electrotransfer of a viperin-expressing plasmid into zebrafish muscles decreased bacterial numbers and altered expression of immune-related genes. These data indicate that such altered expression may account for the improvement in bacterial clearance following electroporation of viperin, suggesting that fish viperin has antiviral and antibacterial activities.
authors.affiliation: Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kuan-Chieh
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Lin-Han
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chieh-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Ai-Ling
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hour
authors.forename: Guor Mour
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Her
authors.forename: Cho-Fat
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.forename: Jyh-Yih
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D023681:Cichlids / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D018274:Electroporation; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009132:Muscles / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D041261:Vibrio vulnificus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029941:Fish Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger