title: Potential therapeutic significance of HER-family in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Despite improvements in surgical techniques and perioperative management and surgery combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) at an advanced stage remains poor. Therefore, for esophageal SCC patients, novel therapies such as small molecule inhibitors of tyrosine kinases (TKIs) and humanized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are very much needed.Esophageal SCC shows a relatively high incidence of EGFR (33%) and/or HER2(31%) overexpression. Two categories of anti-HER-family-targeting therapies have been in clinical development: small-molecule, HER-family-related TKIs such as Gefitinib,Erlotinib and Lapatinib, and humanized mAbs against the HER family represented by Cetuximab and Trastuzumab. Although there have been very few clinical trials of antiHER-family targeting drugs in esophageal SCC, some in vitro data suggested that the combination of Cetuximab and Trastuzumab could induce synergistic antiproliferative effects and additional antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activities against esophageal SCC cells. A better understanding of the detailed mechanisms involved in EGFR and/or HER2 may help identify new therapeutic targets in esophageal SCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore. surkoji@nus.edu.sg
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Kousaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Asim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shabbir
authors.forename: Wei-Peng
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: And
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jimmy So
mesh_terms: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D000068818:Cetuximab; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D000077156:Gefitinib; D018773:Genes, erbB-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D018734:Genes, erbB-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D000077341:Lapatinib; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068878:Trastuzumab
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011799:Quinazolines; D000077341:Lapatinib; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D000068878:Trastuzumab; D000068818:Cetuximab; D000077156:Gefitinib