title: Development of live-attenuated influenza vaccines against outbreaks of H5N1 influenza.
abstract: Several global outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus have increased the urgency of developing effective and safe vaccines against H5N1. Compared with H5N1 inactivated vaccines used widely, H5N1 live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) have advantages in vaccine efficacy, dose-saving formula, long-lasting effect, ease of administration and some cross-protective immunity. Furthermore, H5N1 LAIVs induce both humoral and cellular immune responses, especially including improved IgA production at the mucosa. The current trend of H5N1 LAIVs development is toward cold-adapted, temperature-sensitive or replication-defective vaccines, and moreover, H5N1 LAIVs plus mucosal adjuvants are promising candidates. This review provides an update on the advantages and development of H5N1 live-attenuated influenza vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, 1262 YanAn Road(w), 200052, Shanghai, China. daisy_zd@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Yinglei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Ze
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000639:trends; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated