title: A highly sensitive capillary electrophoresis method using p-nitrophenyl 5'-thymidine monophosphate as a substrate for the monitoring of nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase activities.
abstract: A highly sensitive capillary electrophoresis method has been developed to monitor the activity of nucleotide pyrophosphatases/phosphodiesterases (NPPs) and screen for NPP inhibitors. In this method, p-nitrophenyl 5'-thymidine monophosphate (p-Nph-5'-TMP) was used as an artificial substrate, and separation of reaction products was performed on a dynamically coated capillary. We found that the optimal capillary electrophoresis (CE) conditions were as follows: fused-silica capillary (20cm effective length×75.5μm (id)), electrokinetic injection for 60s, 70mM phosphate buffer containing polybrene 0.002%, pH 9.2, constant current of -80μA, constant capillary temperature of 15°C and detection at 400nm. To allow precise quantification, 2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinitrocresol) was applied as an internal standard. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 137 and 415nM, respectively. This new method was shown to be over 8-fold more sensitive than the conventional spectrophotometric assays and 16-fold more than the previously reported CE procedure, and the results (K(m) values for NPP1 and NPP3, K(i) values for standard inhibitors) obtained were in accordance with previous literature data. Therefore, this new method is an improvement of actual techniques and could be used as a quick and standard analytical technique for the identification and characterization of NPP inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Sang-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sébastien A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lévesque
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sévigny
authors.forename: Christa E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004138:Dinitrocresols / Q000737:chemistry; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D057075:Enzyme Assays; D006583:Hexadimethrine Bromide / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013938:Thymidine Monophosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004138:Dinitrocresols; C032579:thymidine 5'-4-nitrophenyl phosphate; D013938:Thymidine Monophosphate; D006583:Hexadimethrine Bromide; C033901:3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyladenosine 5'-triphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D011755:Pyrophosphatases; C021899:nucleotide pyrophosphatase