title: Human infections with liver and minute intestinal flukes in Guangxi, China: analysis by DNA sequencing, ultrasonography, and immunoaffinity chromatography.
abstract: The prevalence of liver and intestinal fluke infections was determined by surveying inhabitants of Hengxuan, Fusui, and Shanglin villages which were known to be endemic for liver flukes in Guangxi, China in May 2010. A total of 718 people were examined for helminth eggs by the Kato-Katz thick smear technique, ultrasonography, immunoaffinity chromatography, and DNA sequencing. The overall egg positive rate was found to be 59.6% (28.0-70.6%) that included mixed infections with liver and intestinal flukes. Cases showing higher than 20,000 eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were detected between 1.3% and 16.2%. Ultrasonographic findings exhibited overall 28.2% (72 of 255 cases) dilatation rate of the intrahepatic bile duct. Clonorchis sinensis infection was detected serologically in 88.3% (38 of 43 cases) among C. sinensis egg positive subjects by the immunoaffinity chromatography using a specific antigen for C. sinensis. For differential diagnosis of the liver and intestinal flukes, more precise PCR and nucleotide sequencing for copro-DNA were performed for 46 egg positive cases. Mixed infections with C. sinensis and Metagonimus yokogawai were detected in 8 of 46 egg positive cases, whereas 29 specimens were positive for Haplorchis taichui. Ultrasonographic findings and immunoaffinity chromatography results showed usefulness, even in a limited way, in figuring out of the liver fluke endemicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 360-763, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeong-Kyu
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Dongmin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hansol
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Duk-Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Han-Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Rim
authors.forename: Hongman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yichao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xueming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Keeseon S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Eom
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D003003:Clonorchiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D003004:Clonorchis sinensis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060085:Coinfection; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D006578:Heterophyidae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000469:parasitology*; D008099:Liver / Q000469:parasitology*; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014201:Trematode Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth