title: A case of frozen pelvis: primary actinomycosis of urinary bladder in a young boy.
abstract: We report a case of urinary bladder actinomycosis in childhood. In children abdominal actinomycosis is rare and unlikely involves the urinary tract, so it is often misdiagnosed. An 7-year-old boy was referred to a secondary level hospital because of abdominal pain and dysuria. Physical examination revealed a left hypochondrial mass. Hypothesizing a pelvic rhabdomyosarcoma, a biopsy with mini-laparotomy access was performed. The first histopathological analysis did not show any malignant cells, and a 14-day antibiotic course was ineffective. Reoperation and biopsy was needed, and the histopathological examination made the diagnosis possible.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Surgery Unit, Policlinic Hospital, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Anastasia
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bianchini
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bigi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Repetto
authors.forename: Pierluca
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ceccarelli
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Durante
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Biondini
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cadioli
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cacciari
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002648:Child; D003556:Cystitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010388:Pelvis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents