title: Safety and efficacy of the multitargeted receptor kinase inhibitor pazopanib in the treatment of corneal neovascularization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and efficacy of topical pazopanib in the treatment of corneal neovascularization (CNV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty eyes of 20 patients with stable CNV were enrolled in a prospective, open label, noncomparative study and treated with topical pazopanib 0.5% for 3 weeks, and followed for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was to determine the tolerability and safety of topical pazopanib in the treatment of CNV defined by the occurrence of ocular and systemic adverse events during the study. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the effect of topical pazopanib on the reduction of (1) neovascular area (NA), defined as the area of the corneal vessels themselves, (2) invasion area (IA), defined as the fraction of the total cornea into which the vessels extend, (3) vessel length (VL), defined as the mean measurement of the extent of vessels from end to end, and (4) vessel caliber (VC), defined as the mean diameter of the corneal vessels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no severe adverse events following the use of topical pazopanib. Compared with the baseline visit, NA and VL showed a statistically significant decrease at week 3 (P = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively); and NA, IA, and VL statistically significantly decreased at week 12 (P = 0.03, 0.04, and <0.01, respectively). Visual acuity maintained without changes after the 12 week follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary study suggests that topical treatment with pazopanib 0.5% is safe, well tolerated, and may have a role as an alternative for the treatment of CNV (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01257750).
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amparo
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sadrai
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Belen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alfonso-Bartolozzi
authors.forename: Haobing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hasanain
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shikari
authors.forename: Joseph B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ciolino
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chodosh
authors.forename: Ula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jurkunas
authors.forename: Debra A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Schaumberg
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dana
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016510:Corneal Neovascularization / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007191:Indazoles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D007191:Indazoles; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013449:Sulfonamides; C516667:pazopanib; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor