title: [Adipokines in healthy and obese children].
abstract: The worldwide increase in the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents during the last decades, as well as the mounting evidence indicating that obesity is associated with an increased incidence of comorbidities and the risk of premature death, resulting in a high economic impact, has stimulated obesity focused research. These studies have highlighted the prominent endocrine activity of adipose tissue, which is exerted through the synthesis and secretion of a wide variety of peptides and cytokines, called adipokines. This review presents a summary of the current knowledge and most relevant studies of adipokine dynamics and actions in children, focusing on the control of energy homeostasis, metabolic regulation (particularly carbohydrate metabolism), and inflammation. The particularities of adipose secretion and actions in healthy children, from birth to adolescence, and the modifications induced by early onset obesity are highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Servicios de Pediatría y Endocrinología, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Martos-Moreno
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kopchick
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Argente
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000502:physiology*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000502:physiology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D015843:Serpins / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D016207:Cytokines; D020738:Leptin; C507339:SERPINA12 protein, human; D015843:Serpins; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human