title: Free radical scavenging capacity, anticandicidal effect of bioactive compounds from Sida cordifolia L., in combination with nystatin and clotrimazole and their effect on specific immune response in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infectious diseases caused by fungi are still a major threat to public health, despite numerous efforts by researchers. Use of ethnopharmacological knowledge is one attractive way to reduce empiricism and enhance the probability of success in new drug-finding efforts. In this work, the total alkaloid compounds (AC) from Sida cordifolia L. (Malvaceae) have been investigated for their free radical scavenging capacity, antifungal and immunostimulatory properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  The antifungal activity was investigated against five candida strains using the microplate dilution method and the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) of compounds was evaluated. The antioxidant activity of the samples was evaluate using three separate methods, at last, the immunostimulatory effect on immunosuppressed wistar rats was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As for the antifungal activity, result varied according to microorganism. The results obtained in this antifungal activity were interesting and indicated a synergistic effect between alkaloid compounds and the antifungal references such as Nystatin and Clotrimazole. Antioxidant capacity noticed that the reduction capacity of DPPH radicals obtained the best result comparatively to the others methods of free radical scavenging. Our results showed a low immunostimulatory effect and this result could be explained by the lack of biologically active antioxidants such as polyphenol compounds lowly contained in the alkaloid compounds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study showed that alkaloid compounds in combination with antifungal references (Nystatin and Clotrimazole) exhibited antimicrobial effects against candida strains tested. The results supported the utilization of these plants in infectious diseases particularly in treatment of candida infections.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Physiology, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. ouedraogo_maurice@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ouédraogo
authors.forename: Kiessoun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Konaté
authors.forename: Alexis Nicaise
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Lepengué
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: M'Batchi
authors.forename: Laya L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Sawadogo
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D016867:Immunocompromised Host / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D019660:Malvaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D009761:Nystatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000470:Alkaloids; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009761:Nystatin; D016572:Cyclosporine; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D003022:Clotrimazole