title: Confoscan: an ideal therapeutic aid and screening tool in acanthamoeba keratitis.
abstract: Although present worldwide, Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare condition. It is a protozoal infection of the eye that is generally caused by wearing contaminated contact lenses or lens solutions. Confoscan and confocal scanning laser tomography (CSLT) are in vivo noninvasive diagnostic tools which provide high definition images of corneal microstructures. Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is a very common refractive surgery. We report a case series in which the first patient had contact lens induced Acanthamoeba keratitis with corneal epitheliopathy that was unresponsive to conservative treatment. Epithelial debridement was performed based on confoscan findings which confirmed the presence of Acanthamoeba cysts. Subsequently, the cornea re-epithelialized over two days. Another patient had CSLT prior to the LASIK which showed stromal cyst-like structures suggestive of Acanthamoeba keratitis. Four months after medical therapy, repeat CSLT was negative for Acanthamoeba cysts. Third patient was diagnosed with Acanthamoeba infection after undergoing lamellar keratoplasty. CSLT should be used as a screening procedure prior to any corneal refractive surgery to detect and treat protozoal and other infections preoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Al Kharousi
authors.forename: Upender K
authors.initials: UK
authors.lastname: Wali
mesh_terms: D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015823:Acanthamoeba Keratitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D003315:Cornea / Q000469:parasitology / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020731:Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult