title: Hydroxyapatite crystal deposition forming para-articular multiple large masses: a case report and literature review.
abstract: Multiple para-articular large masses are a rare form of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystal deposition, thereby limiting the clinical and imaging recognition and the ability to optimize diagnostic tools. The imaging features of para-articular large mass caused by HA crystal deposition are not well described in the sonographic literature. In this report, we present the case of a uremia patient with long period of maintenance hemodialysis, who was complicated with HA crystals depositing on the para-articular of elbow, knee, and shoulder and forming multiple large masses. We reviewed the literature to explore the ideal methods to establish a diagnosis. In addition, we performed a characterization of the sonographic features of HA crystals. We have established methods which serve to distinguish HA crystal deposition from other crystal deposit conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Baihai
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Yuanjiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014511:Uremia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D017886:Durapatite