title: Behavioral stuttering interventions for children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of behavioral interventions designed to treat stuttering in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies were included for review if (a) the treatment was a behavioral intervention, (b) participants were between 2 and 18 years old, (c) the design was an experimental or quasi-experimental group design, and (d) the reported outcome measure assessed stuttering. An electronic search of 8 databases yielded a total of 9 studies, representing 327 treated participants across 7 different intervention types. Data were extracted for participant, treatment, and outcome characteristics as well as for methodological quality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An analysis of the treatment effects yielded significant positive effects approaching 1 SD when compared with a nontreatment control group. No significant differences emerged for studies comparing 2 different treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conclusions drawn from the extant research suggest that data to support the efficacy of behavioral intervention in children exists for a limited number of intervention strategies, based on a meager number of methodologically acceptable studies.
authors.affiliation: University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA. chad.nye@ucf.edu
authors.forename: Chad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nye
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vanryckeghem
authors.forename: Jamie B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herder
authors.forename: Herbert M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Courtney
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D006801:Humans; D013070:Speech Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D013342:Stuttering / Q000628:therapy*