title: Hypogonadism among HIV-infected men in Thailand.
abstract: This study assessed prevalence and associated factors of hypogonadism among 491 HIV-infected Thai men who visited the HIV outpatient clinic. All participants were interviewed and data were collected from medical records, including demographic and HIV-related illness characteristics. They also completed questionnaires relevant to hypogonadal symptoms, sexual function and depression. All participants' blood samples were obtained to check for total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and albumin levels, and free testosterone (cFT) was calculated. Hypogonadism was diagnosed if a cFT level of <0.225 nmol/L was detected. The median age of the participants was 37 years old (ranging from 34 to 44 years old). HIV infection was diagnosed for a median of 77 (47-99) months. Eight of 491 participants (2%) had hypertension and 1% had diabetes mellitus (DM). Fourteen (3%) used methadone and 23% had SHBG level over 70 nmol/L. Of the 491 participants, 123 (25%) men were diagnosed with hypogonadism. The univariate analyses indicated that DM, hypertension, methadone use, SHBG level >70 nmol/L group and lack of antiretroviral therapy were associated with hypogonadism. In multivariate analysis, a SHBG level >70 nmol/L was the only factor that was significantly associated with hypogonadism (odds ratio [OR] = 1.922, P = 0.007).
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Disease Control, Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, 126 Tiwanont Road, Muang Nonthaburi, Thailand. dr_nok12@yahoo.com
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sunchatawirul
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tantiwongse
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chathaisong
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thongyen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chumpathat
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Manosuthi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D013739:Testosterone