title: Consonant accuracy after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury: a prospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors sought to describe longitudinal changes in Percentage of Consonants Correct-Revised (PCC-R) after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), to compare the odds of normal-range PCC-R in children injured at older and younger ages, and to correlate predictor variables and PCC-R outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 56 children injured between age 1 month and 11 years, PCC-R was calculated over 12 monthly sessions beginning when the child produced ≥ 10 words. At each session, the authors compared odds of normal-range PCC-R in children injured at younger (≤ 60 months) and older (> 60 months) ages. Correlations were calculated between final PCC-R and age at injury, injury mechanism, gender, maternal education, residence, treatment, Glasgow Coma Score, and intact brain volume.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCC-Rs varied within and between children. Odds of normal-range PCC-R were significantly higher for the older than for the younger group at all sessions but the first; odds of normal-range PCC-R were 9 to 33 times higher in the older group in sessions 3 to 12. Age at injury was significantly correlated with final PCC-R.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over a 12-month period, severe TBI had more adverse effects for children whose ages placed them in the most intensive phase of PCC-R development than for children injured later.
authors.affiliation: Callier Center for Communication Disorders, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA. thomas.f.campbell@utdallas.edu
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dollaghan
authors.forename: Janine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Janosky
authors.forename: Heather Leavy
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Rusiewicz
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Small
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dick
authors.forename: Jennell
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vick
authors.forename: P David
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Adelson
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001184:Articulation Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010700:Phonetics; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013068:Speech Production Measurement