title: Synthesis and spectroscopic investigations of hydroxyapatite using a green chelating agent as template.
abstract: Hydroxyapatite [Ca(10)(PO(4))(6)(OH)(2), HAP] particles have been successfully synthesized by a cost-effective, eco-friendly green template method using natural and commercially available sucrose as a chelating agent. The sucrose used in this method has been extracted from various sources, three from natural and one from commercially available sources are exploited in our study to achieve a controlled crystallinity, particle size as well as uniform morphology. Spectral characterizations involving Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) for the functional group analysis of sucrose and HAP; carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((13)C NMR) for the identification of the carbon atoms in sucrose and in HAP; liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for the determination of the hydrolyzed products of sucrose; and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques for the phase identification of the HAP particles were performed. The morphology of the HAP particles were assessed thoroughly using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The experimental results indicate that the obtained HAP using the natural sucrose as a chelating agent is of phase pure, with a well defined morphology having discrete particles without any agglomeration than the HAP from commercially available sucrose. Further, the reduced particle size can be achieved from the stem sugarcane extract as the source of the chelating agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India. dhanaraj_gopi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gopi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhuvaneshwari
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Indira
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kavitha
mesh_terms: D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D017886:Durapatite / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry; D011208:Powders; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013395:Sucrose / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011208:Powders; D013395:Sucrose; D017886:Durapatite