title: Pharmacokinetics of imipenem after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration to cats.
abstract: The study describes the pharmacokinetics and predicted efficacy of imipenem after intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) administration to five adult cats at a dose of 5 mg/kg. Susceptibility to imipenem [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)] was determined for antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli (n = 13) and staphylococci (n = 3) isolated from domestic cat infections (urinary system, skin and conjunctiva). Maximum plasma concentrations of imipenem were 13.45 µg/ml (IV), 6.47 µg/ml (IM) and 3.83 µg/ml (SC). Bioavailability was 93.18% (IM) and 107.90% (SC). Elimination half-lives for IV, IM and SC administration were 1.17, 1.44 and 1.55 h, respectively. All tested bacteria were susceptible to imipenem; MIC values were 0.03 µg/ml for Staphylococcus species and <0.25-0.5 µg/ml for E coli. Mean imipenem concentrations remained above a MIC of 0.5 µg/ml for approximately 4 h (IV and IM) and 9 h (SC). Imipenem would be predicted to be effective for the treatment of antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections in cats at a dosage of 5 mg/kg every 6-8 h (IV, IM), or longer for the SC route. However, clinical trials are mandatory to establish its efficacy and proper dosing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. albarell@fvet.uba.ar
authors.forename: Gabriela A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Albarellos
authors.forename: Graciela A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Denamiel
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montoya
authors.forename: Pamela C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Quaine
authors.forename: Martín P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lupi
authors.forename: María F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Landoni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002415:Cats / Q000097:blood*; D015377:Cilastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077728:Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004338:Drug Combinations; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D015378:Imipenem / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015377:Cilastatin; D015378:Imipenem; D000077728:Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination