title: RebiSmart™ (version 1.5) device for multiple sclerosis treatment delivery and adherence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  First-line disease-modifying drugs for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) are mostly administered by injection. Although these treatments can control the symptoms and progression of the disease to some extent, patients often fail to adhere to their therapy in the long term, so may not obtain the maximum clinical benefits. As injection-related problems are common barriers to adherence, autoinjectors have been developed to improve the ease and convenience of self-injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  This article discusses RebiSmart™, an electronic autoinjector for the subcutaneous administration of interferon β-1a, focusing on the device features and data from clinical trials of the device. An overview of other available autoinjectors for first-line MS therapies is provided for context.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The device is the first electronic autoinjector for use in MS and offers several innovative features, including adjustable injection settings and an electronic dosing log, which may improve adherence. The dosing log can be reviewed with the patient, allowing the physician to open a dialogue to discuss possible issues with treatment adherence. The use of multidose cartridges also provides a softer impact on the environment and easier disposal. The hidden needle helps avoid needle phobia and reduces the risk of needle stick injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. d'Annunzio, c/o Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Ospedale Clinicizzato SS Annunziata, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy. a.lugaresi@unich.it
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lugaresi
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000295:instrumentation; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012646:Self Administration / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016899:Interferon-beta; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a