title: Image guidance in rhinology and anterior skull base surgery: five-year single institution experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined our experience of image guidance surgery in rhinology, and compared image guidance surgery cases with non-image guidance cases. We also audited our practice against the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery image guidance surgery guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study employed a single institution retrospective approach comprising 174 image guidance surgery patients (106 males and 68 females) and 134 non-image guidance surgery patients (75 males and 59 females).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the image guidance surgery group, tumour operations represented 45 per cent of cases (55 per cent were non-neoplastic). Basic, intermediate and advanced (structured classification) procedures represented 19 per cent, 24 per cent and 61 per cent, respectively. Five minor complications were recorded. In non-image guidance surgery, tumour operations represented 8 per cent of cases (92 per cent were non-neoplastic). Basic, intermediate and advanced procedures represented 73 per cent, 12 per cent and 15 per cent, respectively. One minor complication was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report the largest series of image-guided ENT surgical procedures in the UK. In the cases we examined, image guidance surgery was predominantly used in advanced procedures and tumour surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT/Head and Neck Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Visvanathan
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT/Head and Neck Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: McGarry
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009666:Nose / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D010036:Otolaryngology; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019291:Skull Base / Q000601:surgery*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006113:United Kingdom; D055815:Young Adult