title: Intelligence, temperament, and personality are related to over- or under-reporting of affective symptoms by patients with euthymic mood disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many patients with mood disorders report subjective indicators of depression that are inconsistent with clinicians' objective ratings. This study used the self-report Beck Depressive Inventory (BDI) and the observer-rated Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) to evaluate the extent to which temperament, personality traits, and clinical characteristics accounted for discrepancies between self-reports and clinician ratings of depressive symptoms in patients experiencing the euthymic period of a mood disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 100 individuals with bipolar disorder (n=72) or major depressive disorder (n=28). The HAMD and Young Mania Rating Scale were administered, and participants completed the BDI and Barratt Impulsivity Scale. Intelligence was assessed with the Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Patients completed the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire and the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The BDI and HAMD were significantly but modestly correlated with each other (r=0.319, p<0.001). Lower intelligence and a less conscientious personality were independent contributors to differences between Z-scores for the BDI and the HAMD. Higher impulsivity and a more anxious temperament were also observed in the group that self-reported more symptoms than were noted by clinicians.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Generalizability of results can be limited in ethnic difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjective and objective assessments of the depressive symptoms of patients with mood disorders in a euthymic mood state are frequently discordant. Clinicians should consider the subjective aspects of depressive symptoms along with objective information about the influence of intelligence and personality on patients' self-reports.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Samuel Suk-Hyun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Nam Young
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Se Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong Sik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008297:Male; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D010551:Personality; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057566:Self Report; D013694:Temperament; D055815:Young Adult