title: Fluorescent environment-sensitive dyes as reporters of biomolecular interactions.
abstract: Monitoring biomolecular interactions is a fundamental issue in biosensing, with numerous applications ranging from biological research to clinical diagnostics. Fluorescent dyes capable of changing their color and brightness in response to changes of their environment properties, the so-called environment-sensitive dyes, have recently emerged as reporters of these interactions. The most well established of these are dyes that undergo excited-state charge transfer showing red shift of their single emission band with increase in the solvent polarity. The other promising class are dyes of the 3-hydroxychromone family that undergo excited-state intramolecular proton transfer and show solvent-sensitive dual emission. Examples of existing solvatochromic dyes and their biosensing applications are given, with particular focus on the 3-hydroxychromones. It is shown that solvatochromic dyes are powerful tools for monitoring conformation changes of proteins and their interactions with nucleic acids, proteins, and lipid membranes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, UMR 7213 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Andrey S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Klymchenko
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mely
mesh_terms: D015081:2-Naphthylamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002867:Chromones / Q000737:chemistry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008555:Melitten / Q000737:chemistry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000737:chemistry; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010797:Phthalimides / Q000737:chemistry; D011107:Polylysine / Q000737:chemistry; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D011522:Protons; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000737:chemistry; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C479534:3-hydroxychromone; C529630:4-aminophthalimide; D002867:Chromones; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008055:Lipids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009281:Naphthalenes; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D010080:Oxazoles; D010455:Peptides; D010797:Phthalimides; D011506:Proteins; D011522:Protons; D012997:Solvents; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C412793:dapoxyl sulfonamide; D008555:Melitten; C031721:naphthalene; D011107:Polylysine; C038517:prodan; D015081:2-Naphthylamine