title: Effectiveness of submucosal dexamethasone to control postoperative pain & swelling in apicectomy of maxillary anterior teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of submucosal dexamethasone injection to control postoperative pain and swelling in apicectomy of maxillary anterior teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled trial comprising 60 adult patients (68.3% male, 31.7% female) with no local or systemic problems was conducted. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group A was given 4mg dexamethasone injection perioperatively. Group B (control group) was treated conventionally without any steroid injection. Postoperative pain and swelling was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS). Objective measurements of facial pain and swelling were performed daily up to six days postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dexamethasone group showed significant reduction in pain and swelling postoperatively compared with the control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Submucosal dexamethasone 4mg injection is an effective therapeutic strategy for swift and comfortable improvement after surgical procedure and has a significant effect on reducing postoperative pain and swelling. The treatment offers a simple, safe, painless, noninvasive and cost effective therapeutic option for moderate and severe cases.
authors.affiliation: Qassim Dental College.
authors.forename: Shahzad Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Irfanullah
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Humera Shahzad
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Shah