title: Self-eating and self-defense: autophagy controls innate immunity and adaptive immunity.
abstract: Autophagy (macroautophagy; "self-eating") is a degradation process, in which cytoplasmic content is engulfed and degraded by the lysosome. And, immunity is an important mechanism of the "self-defense" system. Autophagy has long been recognized as a stress response to nutrient deprivation. This will provide energy and anabolic building blocks to maintain cellular bioenergetic homeostasis. Thus, autophagy plays critical roles in regulating a wide variety of pathophysiological processes, including tumorigenesis, embryo development, tissue remodeling, and most recently, immunity. The latter shows that a self-eating (autophagy) process could regulate a self-defense (immune) system. In this review, we summarize the recent findings regarding the regulatory and mechanistic insights of the autophagy pathway in immunity.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Yixueyuan Rd. 138, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China. liugw@fudan.edu.cn
authors.forename: Guangwei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yujing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Ruoning
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xianghui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D001343:Autophagy / Q000276:immunology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; D016207:Cytokines; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition