title: Ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser endopyelotomy is effective in distinctive ureteropelvic junction obstructions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) laser endopyelotomy in distinctive ureteropelvic junction obstructions (UPJO) with distinctive aetiologies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one patients diagnosed with UPJO of distinctive causes were included. Aetiology consisted of 7 congenital UPJO, 10 post-pyeloplasty UPJO, 7 post-lithotomy obstructions, 4 ureteropelvic junction obstructions post-extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy stenoses and 3 post-ureteroscopic lithotriptic UPJO. Retrograde ureteroscopic Ho:YAG laser endopyelotomy was performed in all patients. Operation related parameters were studied
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average procedure duration was 46 min. Mean discharge was 1.81 days. There was no notable complication such as perforation or haemorrhage. All patients were followed for at least 12 months. The single success rate was 80.6%, leaving 6 patients undergoing secondary endopyelotomy, among whom 4 were successful while 2 required an open approach. The overall success rate was 93.5%. Failed pyeloplasty UPJO is more disposed to restenosis (p = 0.0075). Inversely implanted ureteral stent yielded a higher success rate (p = 0.0158).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ho:YAG laser endopyelotomy is a safe, minimally invasive approach effective in both primary and secondary UPJO treatments. Implantation of inversed ureteral stents can be more beneficial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chenchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Haowen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yuanfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang