title: Childhood obesity.
abstract: Childhood obesity is an issue of serious medical and social concern. In developing countries including India, it is a phenomenon seen in higher socioeconomic strata due to the adoption of a western lifestyle. Consumption of high calorie food, lack of physical activity and increased screen time are major risk factors for childhood obesity apart from other genetic, prenatal factors and socio-cultural practices. Obese children and adolescents are at increased risk of medical and psychological complications. Insulin resistance is commonly present especially in those with central obesity and manifests as dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, polycystic ovarian syndrome and metabolic syndrome. Obese children and adolescents often present to general physicians for management. The latter play a key role in prevention and treatment of obesity as it involves lifestyle modification of the entire family. This article aims at discussing the approach to diagnosis and work-up, treatment and preventive strategies for childhood obesity from a general physician's perspective.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, Bangla Sahib Road, New Delhi 110001, India. anjuseth.peds@gmail.com
authors.forename: Anju
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seth
authors.forename: Rajni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003906:Developing Countries; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents