title: Impacted teeth in a turkish orthodontic patient population: prevalence, distribution and relationship with dental  arch characteristics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aims of this study are to investigate the prevalence and distribution of impacted permanent teeth (IPT) and  also the relationship between impaction and dental arch form and length in a Turkish orthodontic patient population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Panoramic radiographs, intraoral photographs and dental casts of 1527 patients (947 females,  580 males) aged 13 and above who underwent orthodontic treatment at Selcuk University Department of Orthodontics from  1990 to 2005 were retrospectively reviewed for IPT (except third molars). A comprehensive chart review was conducted in all  subjects. Patient and treatment-related data were registered in a computer database for comparative analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When impacted supernumerary teeth (IST) were excluded, prevalence of IPT was 9.10% with no significant differences  between the genders (p=0.897).  Prevalence of IPT including IST was 9.69%. Most commonly impacted teeth  were maxillary canines (5.24%) followed by mandibular second premolars (2.23%), maxillary second premolars  (1.11%) and mandibular canines (0.92%). IST (0.72%) and impacted molars (0.72%) were the least  common anomalies after incisor impaction (0.65%). Maxillary to mandibular IPT ratio was 1.88 and majority of IPT were  in the anterior segment with an anterior-posterior ratio of 1.45 in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most commonly affected  impacted teeth were maxillary canines, mandibular second premolars, maxillary second premolars and mandibular canines  respectively in our population with no predisposition difference between the genders. Arch length deficiency was  determined as 14% for patients with maxillary impaction and 10% for patients with mandibular impaction. None  of the patients with IPT have shown square arch form.
authors.affiliation: ahutopkara@gmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Topkara
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D003765:Models, Dental; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D023861:Photography, Dental; D015995:Prevalence; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014096:Tooth, Supernumerary / Q000453:epidemiology; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology