title: Study on bladder cancer susceptibility and genetic polymorphisms of XPC, XPG, and CYP in smokers and non-smokers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the gene susceptibility of bladder cancer and potential relation with smoking.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analysis of SNPs were conducted among DNA repair genes of XPC, XPG, XRCC1, and six members of metabolic enzyme gene CYP 450 via TaqMan Probe-based polymerase chain reaction. A total of 130 patients with bladder cancer and 304 healthy controls were involved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polymorphisms of XPC gene was related to bladder cancer. It was also related to smoking status in bladder cancer patients, as well as to tumour stage, male gender and older age. The XPG gene polymorphism was also related to bladder cancer yet it was prevalent in female non-smokers. No association was acquired for XRCC1 gene. The combination of more than 2 polymorphisms in DNA repair genes was associated with bladder cancer. No association was obtained in any of the metabolic enzyme gene of CYP450 with either bladder cancer or smoking status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DNA repair genes XPC and XPG could be related to carcinogenesis and tumour progression of bladder cancer. Confirmation within larger population was warranted.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Huashan, Universidad de Fudan, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Z J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: X D
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; D000099250:DNA Excision Repair Protein ERCC-5
chemical_list: D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004720:Endonucleases; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; D000099250:DNA Excision Repair Protein ERCC-5; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human; C086984:XPC protein, human