title: Minocycline mitigates isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats.
abstract: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a severe neurological sequela that occurs in individuals who have undergone anesthesia and surgery, especially in the geriatric surgical population. Although it is known that isoflurane exposure impairs cognitive function in aged rodents, there are few clinical interventions for the prophylaxis and treatment of this disorder. Minocycline, a derivative of tetracycline, produces neuroprotection from several neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we set out to investigate the effects of minocycline pretreatment on isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats. We found that pretreatment with minocycline remarkably alleviated isoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction and inhibited the isoflurane-induced over expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, possibly by inhibiting the degradation of IκBα. In addition, minocycline downregulated the isoflurane-induced increase in the protein levels of cleaved caspase 3 and bax, and upregulated the bcl-2 protein level. These findings highlight the beneficial role of minocycline in preventing isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment and suggested that minocycline can be used as a clinical treatment to mitigate the cognitive impairment induced by isoflurane in elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li-Xia
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Yi-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ye-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jin-Tao
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ai-Lin
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008911:Minocycline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D016207:Cytokines; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D007530:Isoflurane; D053148:Caspase 3; D008911:Minocycline