title: A prototype device for non-invasive continuous monitoring of intracerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: A prototype for a non-invasive, real-time, monitoring device was developed to detect changes in the brain secondary to disease or injury such as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The eventual goal is a non-invasive, real time sensor that can alert the clinician to alterations in the comatose patient's brain resulting from hemorrhage, seizure or stroke. In this work, a 400 MHz electromagnetic (EM) signal was transmitted with an antenna (T), incident on a 'brain gel' in vitro ICH model, and received by a receiving (R) antenna. Changes in the received signal were found to be induced by the presence of blood. The received power (P(R)) was found to be a linear function of the cross sectional area of blood, as measured normal to the incident wave. In addition, the sensor was able to detect as little as 1 mL of blood in this 1000 mL in vitro model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Korfhagen
authors.forename: Madhuvanthi A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kandadai
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Opeolu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Adeoye
authors.forename: George J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; D000818:Animals; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011846:Radio Waves; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005782:Gels