title: Characterization, metabolites and gas formation of fumarate reducing bacteria isolated from Korean native goat (Capra hircus coreanae).
abstract: Fumarate reducing bacteria, able to convert fumarate to succinate, are possible to use for the methane reduction in rumen because they can compete for H(2) with methanogens. In this, we isolated fumarate reducing bacteria from a rumen of Korean native goat and characterized their molecular properties [fumarate reductase A gene (frdA)], fumarate reductase activities, and productions of volatile fatty acids and gas. Eight fumarate reducing bacteria belonging to Firmicutes were isolated from rumen fluid samples of slaughtered Korean black goats and characterized their phylogenetic positions based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. PCR based analyses showed that only one strain, closely related to Mitsuokella                 jalaludinii, harbored frdA. The growths of M. jalaludinii and Veillonella parvula strains were tested for different media. Interestingly, M. jalaludinii grew very well in the presence of hydrogen alone, while V. parvula grew well in response of fumarate and fumarate plus hydrogen. M. jalaludinii produced higher levels of lactate (P≤0.05) than did V. parvula. Additionally, M. jalaludinii produced acetate, but not butyrate, whereas V. parvula produced butyrate, not acetate. The fumarate reductase activities of M. jalaludinii and V. parvula were 16.8 ± 0.34 and 16.9 ± 1.21 mmol NADH oxidized/min/mg of cellular N, respectively. In conclusion, this showed that M. jalaludinii can be used as an efficient methane reducing agent in rumen.
authors.affiliation: Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Bio-industry Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Lovelia L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Mamuad
authors.forename: Seon Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Sil
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kwang Keun
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Che Ok
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Sang-Suk
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005650:Fumarates / Q000378:metabolism*; D006041:Goats / Q000382:microbiology*; D055442:Metabolome; D054892:Metagenome; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005650:Fumarates; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S