title: Impact of residential mobility on exposure assessment in longitudinal air pollution studies: a sensitivity analysis within the ESCAPE project.
abstract: Exposure misclassification in longitudinal studies of air pollution exposure and health effects can occur due to residential mobility in a study population over followup. The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent residential mobility during followup can be expected to cause exposure misclassification in such studies, where exposure at the baseline address is used as the main exposure assessment. The addresses for each participant in a large population-based study (N > 25,000) were obtained via national registers. We used a Land Use Regression model to estimate the NO(x) concentration for each participant's all addresses during the entire follow-up period (in average 14.6 years) and calculated an average concentration during followup. The Land Use Regression model explained 83% of the variation in measured levels. In summary, the NO(x) concentration at the inclusion address was similar to the average concentration over followup with a correlation coefficient of 0.80, indicating that air pollution concentration at study inclusion address could be used as indicator of average air pollution concentrations over followup. The differences between an individual's inclusion and average follow-up mean concentration were small and seemed to be nondifferential with respect to a large range of factors and disease statuses, implying that bias due to residential mobility was small.
authors.affiliation: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oudin
authors.forename: Bertil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Forsberg
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strömgren
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beelen
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Modig
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013548:Sweden; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides