title: Bovine coronaviruses from the respiratory tract: antigenic and genetic diversity.
abstract: BoCV isolated from respiratory tract, nasal swab and broncho alveolar washing fluid samples were evaluated for genetic and antigenic differences. These BoCV from the respiratory tract of healthy and clinically ill cattle with BRD signs were compared to reference and vaccine strains based on Spike protein coding sequences and VNT using convalescent antisera. Based on this study, the BoCV isolates belong to one of two genomic clades (clade 1 and 2) which can be differentiated antigenically. The respiratory isolates from Oklahoma in this study were further divided by genetic differences into three subclades, 2a, 2b, and 2c. Reference enteric BoCV strains and a vaccine strain were in clade 1. Currently available vaccines designed to control enteric disease are based on viruses from one clade while viruses isolated from respiratory tracts, in this study, belong to the other clade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. Robert.fulton@okstate.edu
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Fulton
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ridpath
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Burge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D017938:Coronavirus, Bovine / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000821:virology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral