title: Bone mineral density in 11-13-year-old boys: relative importance of the weight status and body composition factors.
abstract: This study was aimed to investigate the influence of being overweight on bone mineral status in 11-13-year-old boys, who were divided into overweight (OW; n = 110) and normal weight (NW; n = 154) groups. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the whole body (WB), lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN), bone mineral content (BMC) at the WB, and body composition were assessed. Calculation of the bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) was completed for the WB, LS and FN. The BMC/height ratio was also computed. OW boys displayed similar values (P > 0.05) for LS and FN BMAD and lower (P < 0.05) WB BMAD, despite significantly higher values (P < 0.05) for more widely used WB and LS BMD, WB BMC and WB BMC/height in comparison with NW boys. Fat-free mass index (FFMI; kg/m(2)) had the highest correlation coefficients from the calculated body composition indices with all bone mineral values in NW boys. In OW boys, the FFMI had the highest correlation only with FN BMD, while other measured bone mineral values had highest correlations with either BMI or FMI indices. In conclusion, OW boys have higher crude WB BMD, BMC and BMC/height ratio in comparison with NW boys. However, the bone growth appears to be insufficient to compensate for the higher mechanical load applied on the bone by higher FM and also FFM values in OW boys. Excessive adiposity does not have a protective effect on the development of BMAD in growing boys reaching puberty.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 51014 Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: Arturs
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ivuskans
authors.forename: Evelin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lätt
authors.forename: Jarek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mäestu
authors.forename: Meeli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saar
authors.forename: Priit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Purge
authors.forename: Katre
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maasalu
authors.forename: Toivo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jürimäe
authors.forename: Jaak
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jürimäe
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D015519:Bone Density; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004957:Estonia; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012737:Sex Factors