title: Stimulation of angiogenesis, neurogenesis and regeneration by side population cells from dental pulp.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used for cell therapy in various experimental disease models. However, the regenerative potential of MSCs from different tissue sources and the influence of the tissue niche have not been investigated. In this study, we compared the regenerative potential of dental pulp, bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived CD31(-) side population (SP) cells isolated from an individual porcine source. Pulp CD31(-) SP cells expressed the highest levels of angiogenic/neurotrophic factors and had the highest migration activity. Conditioned medium from pulp CD31(-) SP cells produced potent anti-apoptotic activity and neurite outgrowth, compared to those from bone marrow and adipose CD31(-) SP cells. Transplantation of pulp CD31(-) SP cells in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model produced higher blood flow and capillary density than transplantation of bone marrow and adipose CD31(-) SP cells. Motor function recovery and infarct size reduction were greater with pulp CD31(-) SP cells. Pulp CD31(-) SP cells induced maximal angiogenesis, neurogenesis and pulp regeneration in ectopic transplantation models compared to other tissue sources. These results demonstrate that pulp stem cells have higher angiogenic, neurogenic and regenerative potential and may therefore be superior to bone marrow and adipose stem cells for cell therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ishizaka
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iohara
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Tsubasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fukuta
authors.forename: Misako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D058985:Side-Population Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000637:transplantation*; D034421:Sus scrofa
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger