title: Surveillance for Clostridium difficile infection in nursing homes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the time of onset of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in the community nursing home setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four community nursing homes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Residents with incident CDI identified from infection control surveillance records.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases were divided into two groups depending on the time of onset of infection: within 30 days of admission after hospitalization or more than 30 days after admission to a nursing home after hospitalization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 75 incident CDI cases, 52 (69%) developed within 30 days of admission and 23 (31%) more than 30 days after admission. Of the 52 cases that developed within 30 days, 68% were in residents admitted for subacute care. The mean number of days ± standard deviation to CDI was 10.5 ± 2.5 in those who developed infection within 30 days; 75% of these cases developed within 15 days of admission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of CDI in the study nursing homes developed within 30 days of admission; this group may be analogous to community-onset, hospital-associated CDI as defined in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) surveillance definitions. Therefore, the proposed CDC surveillance definitions may overestimate the incidence of nursing home-associated CDI.
authors.affiliation: Buffalo Geriatrics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Buffalo, New York, USA. jmm702@gmail.com
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mylotte
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sackett
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vallone
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antalek
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D009735:Nursing Homes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019467:Subacute Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*