title: Effects of local phenytoin on seroma formation after mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection: an experimental study on mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Seroma formation is the most common complication after breast cancer surgery. It is an important complication since it prolongs therapy duration, increases cost, and negatively affects patient psychology. Currently, there is no widely accepted method that prevents seroma formation. We tried to investigate impact of local phenytoin application on seroma formation following an experimental mastectomy model created in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups including eight rats in each were randomized. Saline injection was applied in the first group, whereas 1% phenytoin was locally used in the second group. Ten days after the surgery, seroma formation and wound-healing processes were evaluated using histopathological and biochemical examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Phenytoin significantly decreased seroma formation. Fibrosis was significantly increased and angiogenesis was significantly reduced in the phenytoin group (P < 0.05). Increased levels of macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration was detected in the control group (P < 0.05). No difference was detected between the groups in terms of necrosis, edema, congestion, and PNL (Polymorphonuclear leucocyte) and fibroblast infiltration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Seroma formation-reducing effect of phenytoin might have occurred over its anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenetic, and fibrosis augmenting effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Kartal, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eser
authors.forename: Fırat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tutal
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kement
authors.forename: Selcuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goktas
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaptanoglu
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gökceimam
authors.forename: Melin Ozgun
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Gecer
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uzun
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D001365:Axilla; D005260:Female; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051379:Mice; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D049291:Seroma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D010672:Phenytoin