title: Preimplantation genetic screening using fluorescence in situ hybridization in patients with repetitive implantation failure and advanced maternal age: two randomized trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the usefulness of preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for two different indications: repetitive implantation failure (RIF) and advanced maternal age (AMA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two prospective, randomized controlled trials with patients allocated in two arms: blastocyst transfer on day 5 (group A) or PGS with transfer on day 5 (group B).
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated private clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  The RIF study included women <40 years with three or more failed IVF cycles without other known causal factors (91 patients). The AMA study included intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients aged between 41 and 44 (183 patients).
  
  
  METHODS
  In the PGS group, single-cell day 3 biopsy was performed with aneuploidy screening for chromosomes 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, X, and Y. In both the blastocyst transfer group and the PGS group, ET was performed on day 5.
  
  
  METHODS
  Live-birth rate per patient and per started cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant increase in live-birth rates per patient was found in the PGS group compared with the blastocyst group for the AMA study (30/93 patients [32.3%] vs. 14/90 patients [15.5%]; odds ratio, 2.585; confidence interval, [1.262-5.295]). In the RIF study no significant differences were observed (23/48 patients [47.9%] vs. 12/43 patients [27.9%]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PGS with FISH was shown to be beneficial for the AMA group.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), Instituto Universitario IVI, Valencia University, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain. carmen.rubio@iviomics.com
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellver
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mercader
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: Maria José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: De los Santos
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giles
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Labarta
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crespo
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Remohí
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pellicer
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simón
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000782:Aneuploidy; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000628:therapy*; D008423:Maternal Age; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D019836:Preimplantation Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure