title: Metabolite profiling of mizuna ( Brassica rapa L. var. Nipponsinica) to evaluate the effects of organic matter amendments.
abstract: Organic matter amendment is an essential agricultural protocol to improve soil function and carbon sequestration. However, the effect of organic matter amendments on crop quality has not been well-defined. This study applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate the metabolite profiling of mizuna ( Brassica rapa  L. var. Nipponsinica) with different organic matter amendments with respect to quality and quantity. Principal component analysis showed that 33.4, 15.6, and 6.6% of the total variance was attributable to the plant N concentration, fast-release organic fertilizer (fish cake), chicken droppings), and rapeseed cake), and manure application (fresh and dried), respectively. The peak areas of 18 and 15 compounds were significantly altered under organic fertilizer and manure amendment, respectively, compared with pure chemical fertilizer amendment. The compounds altered with manure amendment were similar to those reported in previous studies using other species. This study is the first to show clear metabolic alterations in plants through the amendment of fast-release organic fertilizer. Mizuna is a unique plant species that responds to both organic fertilizer and manure. These observations are useful to clarify the effect of organic matter amendment and quality control in farming systems using organic matter.
authors.affiliation: Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center, Saitama-shi 330-9731, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Keiki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osaki
authors.forename: Takuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinano
mesh_terms: D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis; D055442:Metabolome; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D008372:Manure; D012987:Soil; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen; D011188:Potassium