title: Application of solid-phase extraction to agar-supported fermentation.
abstract: Agar-supported fermentation (Ag-SF), a variant of solid-state fermentation, has recently been improved by the development of a dedicated 2 m(2) scale pilot facility, Platotex. We investigated the application of solid-phase extraction (SPE) to Ag-SF in order to increase yields and minimize the contamination of the extracts with agar constituents. The selection of the appropriate resin was conducted on liquid-state fermentation and Diaion HP-20 exhibited the highest recovery yield and selectivity for the metabolites of the model fungal strains Phomopsis sp. and Fusarium sp. SPE applied to Ag-SF resulted in a particular compartmentalization of the culture. The mycelium that requires oxygen to grow migrates to the top layer and formed a thick biofilm. The resin beads intercalate between the agar surface and the mycelium layer, and trap directly the compounds secreted by the mycelium through a "solid-solid extraction" (SSE) process. The resin/mycelium layer is easily recovered by scraping the surface and the target metabolites extracted by methanol. Ag-SF associated to SSE represents an ideal compromise for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites with limited economic and environmental impact.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique C.N.R.S, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Géraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Le Goff
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adelin
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cortial
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Servy
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ouazzani
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar / Q000737:chemistry*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000254:growth & development*; D025282:Mycelium / Q000254:growth & development*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D011137:Polystyrenes; C065649:Diaion HP 20; D000362:Agar