title: Bonding and expressed emotion: two interlinked concepts?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bonding and expressed emotion (EE) are two concepts modeling family relationships. Two studies, with contradictory results, have explored whether these concepts and their corresponding instruments [the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and the Camberwell Family Interview] do indeed measure the same aspects of family relationships. Our first objective was to compare the adolescents' perceptions of family relationships using the PBI, and the parental viewpoint using the Five-Minute Speech Sample (FMSS-EE). Secondly, we compared the PBI scores and EE levels of the parents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa completed the PBI. The FMSS and a modified version of the PBI were administered to parents separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant link was identified between adolescent PBI scores and parental EE levels. However, a link between maternal 'modified' PBI scores and maternal EE was observed: when mothers registered a high Final EE, they were more likely to deny their daughter's psychological autonomy compared to mothers with lower EE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our empirical results do not support the hypothesis of an overlap between the two concepts. Indeed bonding and EE measure the same object, i.e. the quality of family relationships, but time scales differ and so do the perspectives (patient vs. parental viewpoint).
authors.affiliation: Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, Le Mesnil-Saint-Denis, France.
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duclos
authors.forename: Anne-Solène
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Maria
authors.forename: Géraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dorard
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Curt
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Apfel
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vibert
authors.forename: Zoé
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rein
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perdereau
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Godart
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000523:psychology*; D019260:Expressed Emotion; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005195:Family Relations; D005220:Fathers / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D009769:Object Attachment; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D055815:Young Adult