title: [Conservative treatment of renal cell carcinoma in kidney transplantation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the new treatment strategies in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that affects the graft in renal recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review is made, analyzing all the published cases of conservative surgery in renal graft RCC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 51 partial nephrectomies in renal graft patients have been described, with a graft survival rate of 88% and a recurrence rate of 6%. Most of the patients (75%) were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, and the mean lesion size was 2.8 cm. Enucleation was the most frequent technique employed. 77% of all immunosuppressor regimens included cyclosporine A. Six patients with graft RCC were subjected to radiofrequency ablation and two patients underwent percutaneous cryoablation, with a single case of relapse and a graft survival rate of 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nephron-sparing surgery is a good management option in renal graft RCC, affording good oncological control and graft survival. Modification of immunosuppression with the withdrawal of cyclosporine A and the introduction of mTOR inhibitors is an adequate measure in such patients.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España. rgonzalezl@fjd.es
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: González-López
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bueno-Serrano
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Escuderos
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mayor-De Castro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González-Enguita
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery*