title: Prevalence of glucose intolerance, and associated antenatal and historical risk factors among Malaysian women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) are at increased risk of future glucose intolerance. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the associated antenatal and historical risk factors among women with PGDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study conducted at University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A 75-g 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test was performed in a cohort of multiethnic women with PGDM. Body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, fasting lipid profile and blood pressure were obtained. Data pertaining to the index gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were obtained from medical records and interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  448 women were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM was 26.2% and 35.5%, respectively. On multinomial logistic regression analysis, fasting plasma glucose at diagnosis of index GDM and duration lapse after index GDM were shown to be significantly higher in women with isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG), combined IFG/impaired glucose tolerance and T2DM, as compared to women with normal glucose tolerance (p < 0.05). 2-hour plasma glucose at diagnosis of index GDM was significantly higher only in women who progressed to T2DM when compared to those that remained normal glucose tolerant (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, duration lapse after index GDM, fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour plasma glucose at diagnosis of index GDM were important risk factors for early identification of women at high risk for future glucose intolerance. These may be useful for developing potential preventive strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pre-clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Wai Fong
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: Pendek
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rokiah
authors.forename: Siew Pheng
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Winnie Siew Swee
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.forename: Lai Fun
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yoke Mun
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000097:blood*; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose