title: Making good better: implementing a standardized handoff in pediatric transport.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Failures in communication lead to adverse events in healthcare. Handoffs, defined as the transfer of information, responsibility, and authority from one provider to another, have been identified as a cause of communication failure compromising patient safety. Locally, there was dissatisfaction among caregivers working on the general care and intensive care units regarding the quality of information received from the pediatric transport team for transferred patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the Model for Improvement, a quality improvement team was engaged to lead this improvement effort. The team developed a standardized and scripted transport handoff process that incorporated parental input. The primary measure was provider satisfaction (reported as overall handoff score, OHS). Secondary outcomes included the use of components outlined by the Joint Commission's guidelines for safe handoff. Data were collected using a Likert-style survey and collated using Microsoft Excel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline measures of OHS were 81.5 ± 19.4 (mean±SD) with an interval analysis showing no improvement (81.6±17.4, P=0.99). Further modifications were made to both education and process with an improved OHS (88.8±11.1, P<0.05). Certain specific handoff components showed the greatest improvement according to caregivers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This practical, low-cost quality-improvement project may help others improve handoff communication and provide safe, high-quality care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH 44308, USA.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weingart
authors.forename: Tracey
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Herstich
authors.forename: Pam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: M Lynne
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Billock
authors.forename: Hamilton P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bigham
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003142:Communication; D006801:Humans; D062209:Patient Handoff / Q000592:standards*; D061214:Patient Safety; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000592:standards; D058996:Quality Improvement; D014187:Transportation of Patients / Q000592:standards*