title: Associations of insulin resistance with cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory cytokines in normal-weight Hispanic women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the associations of markers of insulin resistance with cardiovascular disease risk factors and inflammation in young, normal-weight, Hispanic women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-one normal-weight (BMI <25 kg/m(2)) Hispanic women (age, 20-39 years) participated in a fasting blood draw for glucose, insulin, lipids, and inflammatory markers; a glucose tolerance test; anthropometric and blood pressure measurements; body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; and measurements of cardiorespiratory fitness via Vo2max and daily physical activity by accelerometer. RESULTS Six percent of participants had impaired fasting glucose, 14% had impaired glucose tolerance, and 48% had at least one cardiovascular disease risk factor. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fasting insulin were positively correlated with glucose, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure, and were negatively correlated with adiponectin (P < 0.05). The 2-h insulin was positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. HOMA-IR and fasting insulin remained significantly and positively related to glucose, triglycerides, and blood pressure after adjustment for body composition. The relationships between markers of insulin resistance and adiponectin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were attenuated after adjustment for body composition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surrogate markers of insulin resistance were associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors and inflammation in young, normal-weight, Hispanic women. Our findings suggest that HOMA-IR, fasting, and 2-h insulin may be important clinical markers for identifying young, normal-weight, Hispanic women who may be at risk for development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Our findings show the importance of early screening for prevention of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Movement Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA. cvella@uidaho.edu
authors.forename: Chantal A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Vella
authors.forename: Ximena
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Burgos
authors.forename: Carla J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: Raul Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Zubia
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ontiveros
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lozano
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines