title: The chemistry of small-molecule fluorogenic probes.
abstract: Chemical fluorophores find wide use in biology to detect and visualize different phenomena. A key advantage of small-molecule dyes is the ability to construct compounds where fluorescence is activated by chemical or biochemical processes. Fluorogenic molecules, in which fluorescence is activated by enzymatic activity, light, or environmental changes, enable advanced bioassays and sophisticated imaging experiments. Here, we detail the collection of fluorophores and highlight both general strategies and unique approaches that are employed to control fluorescence using chemistry.
authors.affiliation: Janelia Farm Research Campus, The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Grimm
authors.forename: Laurel M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Heckman
authors.forename: Luke D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Lavis
mesh_terms: D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D003374:Coumarins / Q000737:chemistry; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer / Q000295:instrumentation; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007477:Ions; D008027:Light; D010777:Photochemistry / Q000379:methods; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C095489:4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene; D001896:Boron Compounds; D003374:Coumarins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007477:Ions; D012235:Rhodamines; D002118:Calcium