title: Screening for prostate cancer: an updated review.
abstract: Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men and its incidence has been increasing in the last decades. Diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer were radically improved after the discovery of prostatic-specific antigen. Early detection rates increased, especially in asymptomatic individuals, confirmed by recent published randomized trials. The impact of screening in overdiagnosis and overtreatments is discussed, since benefits in overall mortality rates were not clearly demonstrated. Perhaps younger patients with a longer life expectancy would be the ones with the most benefits from screening. This study presents an update of the most important screening methods for prostate cancer as well as the recent recommendations for screening.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology Department-Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Dona Adma Jafet 91, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. gnmarta@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Gustavo Nader
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Marta
authors.forename: Samir Abdallah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: João Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fernandes da Silva
authors.forename: Heloisa de Andrade
authors.initials: Hde A
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen