title: Effect of intravenous fluid therapy on postoperative vomiting in children undergoing tonsillectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative vomiting (POV) is one of the most frequent complications of tonsillectomy in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiemetic effect of super-hydration with lactated Ringer's solution in children undergoing elective otorhinolaryngological surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ASA I-II children, aged 1-12 yr, undergoing elective tonsillectomy, with or without adenoidectomy, under general anaesthesia were studied. Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia were standardized with fentanyl, mivacurium, and sevoflurane in N(2)O/O(2). Subjects were assigned to one of the two groups: 10 ml kg(-1) h(-1) lactated Ringer's solution or 30 ml kg(-1) h(-1) lactated Ringer's solution. A multivariable logistic regression was used for assessing the effects of super-hydration on POV (defined as the presence of retching, vomiting, or both). A value of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the first 24 h postoperative, the incidence of POV decreased from 82% to 62% (relative reduction of 24%, P=0.026). In the adjusted logistic regression model, subjects in the 10 ml kg(-1) h(-1) group had an odds ratio of POV that was 2.92 (95% confidence interval: 1.14, 7.51) for POV compared with subjects in the 30 ml kg(-1) h(-1) group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative administration of 30 ml kg(-1) h(-1) lactated Ringer's solution significantly reduced the incidence of POV during the first 24 h postoperative. Our results support the use of super-hydration during tonsillectomy, as an alternative way to decrease the risk of POV in children.
authors.affiliation: División de Anestesiología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Elgueta
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Echevarría
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: De la Fuente
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valderrama
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cabezón
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Cortinez
mesh_terms: D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D014068:Tonsillectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000191:economics; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics