title: Octanoylated Ghrelin Inhibits the Activation of the Palmitic Acid-Induced TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in THP-1 Macrophages.
abstract: To investigate the effect of acylated ghrelin on the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway induced by palmitic acid in human monocyte-derived (THP-1) macrophages, THP-1 macrophages were cultured for 12 h by palmitic acid with various concentrations. The THP-1 macrophages was pretreated by acylated ghrelin at different doses for 4 h before cultivated by palmitic acid (200 μmol/L) for 12 h. We observed the level of TLR4, NF-κB p65 phosphorylation in THP-1 macrophages and TNF-α, IL-1β in culture supernatant. TLR4 mRNA was measured by real-time PCR. TLR4 protein and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation was measured by western blotting. The expression of TNF-α and IL-1β was detected by ELISA. Compared to the THP-1 macrophages without palmitic acid, the level of TLR4 mRNA protein and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β increased after treatment by palmitic acid in a dose-dependent fashion (P < 0.05). Compared to the THP-1 macrophages with palmitic acid (200 μmol/L), the level of the pervious substances decreased after preadministration by acylated ghrelin in a dose-dependent fashion. So, we make a conclusion that acylated ghrelin can regulate the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines in THP-1 macrophages which are stimulated by palmitic acid in a dose-dependent fashion.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Center, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology of Ministry of Education, Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Hunan, Changsha 410011, China.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Z G
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Zhou