title: Breast cancer biomarkers: proteomic discovery and translation to clinically relevant assays.
abstract: Although the molecular classification and prognostic assessment of breast tumors based on gene expression profiling is well established, a number of proteomic studies that propose potential breast cancer biomarkers has not yet led to any new diagnostic, prognostic or predictive test in wide clinical use. This review examines the current status of breast cancer biomarkers, discusses sample types (including plasma, tumor tissue, nipple aspirate and ductal lavage, as well as cell culture models) and different electrophoretic and mass spectrometry methods that have been widely used for the discovery of proteomic biomarkers in breast cancer, and also considers several approaches to biomarker validation. The pathway leading from the initial proteomic discovery and validation process to translation into a clinically useful test is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Baxter
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins