title: Strawberries on the brain--intracranial capillary hemangioma: two case reports and systematic literature review in children and adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Capillary hemangioma in the cranial cavity is rare. This report describes 2 additional cases presenting shortly after pregnancy and provides a systematic review summarizing clinical experience to date.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case reports were compiled retrospectively. Patient 1 was a 28-year-old woman who presented with a simple partial seizure associated with left-sided visual distortions that progressed to a secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Imaging revealed a contrast-enhancing lesion in the right temporal region adjacent to the transverse sinus, with vasogenic edema and scalloping of the inner table. The angiographic appearance suggested the correct diagnosis. Patient 2 was a 41-year-old woman who presented with progressive visual disturbance 6 months after giving birth to her second child. Subtle symptoms of headache and visual disturbance had commenced during pregnancy. Noncontrasted imaging displayed a homogenous tumor with surrounding vasogenic edema in the occipital region. PubMed and Science Citation Index were reviewed systematically for prior publications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete surgical excision was performed in both patients. Neuropathological examination confirmed benign capillary hemangioma consisting of a meshwork of capillary-sized and larger feeder vessels in both instances. Systematic review was based on 20 publications and a total of 24 patients; their clinical, radiological, and surgical features as well as management are summarized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At follow-up, symptoms had resolved and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed complete removal in both patients. Intracranial capillary hemangioma is rare, and treatment is empirical. Review of limited published reports suggests that surgery is the most commonly used treatment and that complete excision seems most likely to prevent further recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: mrzbll@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mirza
authors.forename: William Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Phadke
authors.forename: Janice L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Holton
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Gordon T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Plant
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brew
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitchen
authors.forename: Ludvic
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zrinzo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002648:Child; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000209:etiology; D004830:Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D018324:Hemangioma, Capillary / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000209:etiology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult