title: Effects of lindane on lindane-degrading Azotobacter chroococcum; evaluation of toxicity of possible degradation product(s) on plant and insect.
abstract: The effects of lindane on growth and plant growth-promoting traits of two lindane-degrading Azotobacter chroococcum strains (JL 15 and JL 104) were determined. The potential of both A. chroococcum strains to degrade lindane was also determined. Lower concentrations of lindane had a stimulatory effect, and higher concentrations generally had an inhibitory effect on growth and plant growth-promoting activities. A high percentage (>90%) of lindane was degraded by both strains at a lindane concentration of 10 ppm. Lindane at 1,000 ppm decreased seed germination and reduced seedling fresh weight. However, the possible degradation products for a starting lindane concentration of 10 ppm was found to be non-phytotoxic. Toxicity studies with larvae of Spilarctia obliqua resulted in an LC50 estimate of 3.41 ppm for lindane solutions into which leaf discs were dipped. No toxicity was observed for possible degradation products.
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India. sangeeta_paul2003@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Sangeeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Bishwajeet
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aslam Khan
authors.forename: Chetana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.forename: Jyoti K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.forename: Maheshwar S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rathi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001395:Azotobacter / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009036:Moths / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation / Q000187:drug effects; D012044:Regression Analysis; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane