title: Validation of the Portuguese Simple Measure of Impact of Lupus Erythematosus in Youngsters (SMILEY) in Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Simple Measure of the Impact of Lupus Erythematosus in Youngsters (SMILEY) is a health-related quality of life (HRQOL) assessment tool for pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which has been translated into Portuguese for Brazil. We are reporting preliminary data on cross-cultural validation and reliability of SMILEY in Portuguese (Brazil).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this multi-center cross-sectional study, Brazilian children and adolescents 5-18 years of age with SLE and parents participated. Children and parents completed child and parent reports of Portuguese SMILEY and Portuguese Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™) Generic and Rheumatology modules. Parents also completed the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ). Physicians completed the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), Physician's Global Assessment of disease activity (PGA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus International Collaborating Clinics ACR Damage Index (SDI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  99 subjects (84 girls) were enrolled; 93 children and 97 parents filled out the SMILEY scale. Subjects found SMILEY relevant and easy to understand and completed SMILEY in 5-15 minutes. Brazilian SMILEY was found to have good psychometric properties (validity and reliability), and the child-parent agreement was moderate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SMILEY may eventually be used routinely as a research/clinical tool in Brazil. It may be also adapted for other Portuguese-speaking nations offering critical information regarding the effect of SLE on HRQOL for children with SLE.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey/Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. lnmoorthy@mac.com
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Moorthy
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saad-Magalhães
authors.forename: J Oliveira
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Len
authors.forename: M Brandão
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Vasco
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Appenzeller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.forename: S K Feitosa de
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sztajnbok
authors.forename: R Gasparello de
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: A Almeida de
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Jesus
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: M G E
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hassett
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: M Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Dahodwala
authors.forename: T J A
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lehman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results