title: [In vitro antitumor activities and mechanisms of galactosylated artemisinin].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the antitumor activities of galactosylated artemisinin in vitro and the related mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apoptosis rate of Hela cell was evaluated by using flow cytometry (FCM) analysis. The activity of Caspase-3 was examined by colorimetry. The expression level of p53, BAX, Caspase-3 and BCL-2 was determined by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The FCM data showed that galactosylated artemisinin induced apoptosis of Hela cell. The activity and expression level of Caspase-3 were significantly increased when treated with galactosylated artemisinin for 36 h and 72 h. The expression of BAX was also increased markedly, while BCL-2 was reduced after treatment with the drug. However, galactosylated artemisinin had no effects on the expression of p53.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Galactosylated artemisinin exhibits great antitumor activities, which may be ralated to triggering cytochrome C apoptotic pathway which mediated by BCL-2 family.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China. cquryr@126.com
authors.forename: Yan-Rong
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005690:Galactose / Q000737:chemistry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006031:Glycosylation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D037621:Artemisinins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D053148:Caspase 3; D005690:Galactose