title: HPLC-DAD and UV-spectrophotometry for the determination of lychnopholide in nanocapsule dosage form: validation and application to release kinetic study.
abstract: Simple and sensitive methods using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and ultraviolet (UV)-spectrophotometry were developed and compared to quantify lychnopholide (LYC) in poly-ε-caprolactone nanocapsules and to study its release kinetics. Both methods were validated concerning their specificity, linearity, limits of detection and quantification, precision, accuracy and stability. HPLC-DAD analyses were conducted using an RP C18 column, isocratic elution with a methanol-water (60:40 v/v) mobile phase at 0.8 mL/min flow rate and detection at 265 nm. The linear response (r(2) > 0.999) was obtained within a concentration range of 2-25 µg/mL using HPLC-DAD and 5-40 µg/mL using spectrophotometry. Intra-day and inter-day precision were obtained with low relative standard deviation values. The accuracy of the methods was within the range 98-101% for HPLC-DAD and from 96-100% for UV-spectrophotometry. Both methods were suitable to be applied for the determination of drug loading percentage (>96%) and encapsulation efficiency (>90%). Furthermore, the sensitivity of HPLC-DAD method allows studies of LYC release/dissolution in sink conditions. LYC presented 100% dissolution after 24 h, whereas only 60% of LYC was released from the nanocapsule dosage form, with no burst effect. The methods fulfilled all validation parameters evaluated for LYC quantification in the polymeric nanocapsules and have proven to be accurate, selective and sensitive in the previously mentioned applications.
authors.affiliation: 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CiPharma), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - Rua Costa Sena 171, Centro, CEP: 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Tupinambá
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Branquinho
authors.forename: Vanessa Carla Furtado
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Mosqueira
authors.forename: Eunice Kazue
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kano
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Diego Dias Ramos
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Dorim
authors.forename: Dênia Antunes
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Saúde-Guimarães
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Lana
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D007700:Kinetics; D007783:Lactones / Q000032:analysis*; D016014:Linear Models; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000032:analysis*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007783:Lactones; D053769:Nanocapsules; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C427603:lychnopholide