title: The effects of piroxicam and deracoxib on canine mammary tumour cell line.
abstract: Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, already widely used for the treatment of pain and inflammation, are considered as promising compounds for the prevention and treatment of neoplasia. The aim of our study was to determine the direct antiproliferative effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), piroxicam and deracoxib, at a variety of concentrations as both single and combined treatments on canine mammary carcinoma cell line CMT-U27 and to understand the mechanisms of cell death. MTT assay was performed to determine cell viability, and flow cytometric analyses were performed to evaluate apoptosis and cell cycle alterations. Significant decrease in cell viability was observed at high concentrations of piroxicam and deracoxib in both single and combined treatments after 72 h incubation. Combined treatment produced a significantly greater inhibition than that caused by either agent alone. Also apoptotic cell number was increased by both drugs at the cytotoxic concentrations. However, concomitant treatment of cells with piroxicam and deracoxib resulted in significant induction of apoptosis at lower concentrations and accumulation of cells in the G₀/G₁ phase. Significant cytotoxic effects exhibited by the combination of piroxicam and deracoxib against canine mammary carcinoma cells in vitro suggest an attractive approach for the treatment of canine mammary carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Avcılar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey. fustun@istanbul.edu.tr
authors.forename: Fulya
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ustün Alkan
authors.forename: Oya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ustüner
authors.forename: Tülay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bakırel
authors.forename: Suzan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cınar
authors.forename: Gaye
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Erten
authors.forename: Günnur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deniz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D010894:Piroxicam; D013449:Sulfonamides; C471996:deracoxib; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides