title: [Contemporary methods of treatment in local advanced prostate cancer].
abstract: The prostate cancer is one of the most often cancers amongst males. Its frequency is increasing with age. Thanks to widespread of screening denomination of specific prostate specific antigen (PSA), ultrasonography including the one in transrectal (TRUS), computed tomography, magnetic resonance and especially the awareness of society, the number of patients with low local advance of illness is increasing. The basic method of treatment in such cases is still the surgical removal of prostate with seminal bladder or radiotherapy. To this purpose tele-(IMRT, VMAT) or brachytherapy (J125, Ir192, Pa103) is used. In patients with higher risk of progression the radiotherapy may be associated with hormonotherapy (total androgen blockage-LH-RH analog and androgen). Despite numerous clinical researches conducted there is still no selection of optimal sequence of particular methods. Moreover, no explicit effectiveness was determined. The general rule of treatment in patients suffering from prostate cancer still remains individual selection of therapeutic treatment depending on the age of a patient, general condition and especially patient's general preferences. In case of elderly patients and patients with low risk of progression, recommendation of direct observation including systematical PSA denomination, clinical transrectal examination, TRUS, MR of smaller pelvis or scintigraphy of the whole skeleton may be considered.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lublin, Poland. annabrzo@poczta.onet.pl
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brzozowska
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazurkiewicz
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Starosławska
authors.forename: Dominika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stasiewicz
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mocarska
authors.forename: Franciszek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Burdan
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010808:Physical Examination; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D036761:Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen