title: Clinical and radiographic outcomes of direct pulp capping therapy in primary molar teeth following  haemostasis with various antiseptics: a randomised controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of direct pulp capping (DPC) therapy in primary  molar teeth following haemostasis with various antiseptics for 12 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 70 vital  primary molar teeth with deep dentin caries were randomly allocated to different antiseptic groups. After observing the  pinpoint exposure, 0.9% saline solution (SS, control), 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (SH), 2% chlorhexidine  digluconate (CHX), or 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) was applied with sterile cotton pellets for 3 min before  calcium hydroxide (CH) DPC therapy. Statistical evaluation: The intergroup radiographic success criteria were analysed  using a Kruskal-Wallis test in each follow-up period at a confidence interval of 95%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 12 months, all  groups showed a clinical success rate of 100% (no clinical failures were observed at the time of pulpectomy or  extraction), and the overall radiographic success rates were OCT (100%) > SH (94.74%) > CHX  (93.3%) > SS (84.21%), respectively (p > 0.05). OCT did not exhibit any failures. The undesirable  radiographic failure types (pulpectomy or extraction) were mostly observed in the SS group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with  SS, the success of conventional CH usage in DPC therapy of primary molar teeth could be enhanced by providing acceptable  disinfection features with antiseptic solutions. OCT seems to have relative beneficial effects compared to SH and  CHX.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey. tamertuzuner@gmail.com
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tüzüner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alacam
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Altunbas
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Gokdogan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gundogdu
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003442:Crowns; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy; D003736:Dental Cavity Lining; D003785:Dental Pulp Capping / Q000379:methods*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007097:Imines; D008297:Male; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008963:Molar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010483:Periapical Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011859:Radiography; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D007097:Imines; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents; D011725:Pyridines; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; D013193:Stainless Steel; C031667:IRM cement; D003723:Dental Amalgam; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; C034213:octenidine; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D002710:Chlorhexidine