title: Caries risk indicators in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in relation to metabolic control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of caries risk indicators and metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 50 children with type 1 DM and 50 healthy controls, all 6 to 9 years old. Diabetic  children were classified into 3 groups: well, fairly, and poorly controlled based on glycosilated hemoglobin level. Personal, family data, medical and dental history were collected. Children were examined for caries experience, plaque, and gingival condition. Saliva samples were obtained for  culturing mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, and Candida, and colony forming units were counted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences existed between all groups regarding caries experience or mean log count of micro-organisms. Diabetic children differed significantly from healthy children  in parental occupation and education, dental visits, oral hygiene, and plaque and gingival indices, whereas no differences were observed among children with different levels of metabolic control regarding these factors. Regression analysis identified mutans streptococci as a significant variable  affecting caries experience in diabetic children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regarding the interaction of caries risk indicators and metabolic control on caries experience in diabetic children, the only variable that showed a significant effect was mutans streptococci.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. magdatekeya@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Magda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Tekeya
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Tantawi
authors.forename: Hend
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fetouh
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mowafy
authors.forename: Nashwa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abo Khedr
mesh_terms: D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009911:Oral Hygiene Index; D010512:Periodontal Index; D012307:Risk Factors; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin