title: Isolation and expression of cytochrome P450 genes in the antennae and gut of pine beetle Dendroctonus rhizophagus (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) following exposure to host monoterpenes.
abstract: Bark beetles oxidize the defensive monoterpenes of their host trees both to detoxify them and convert them into components of their pheromone system. This oxidation is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes and occurs in different tissues of the insect, including the gut (i.e., the site where the beetle's pheromones are produced and accumulated) and the antennae (i.e., the olfactory organs used for perception of airborne defensive monoterpenes as well as other host-associated compounds and pheromones). We identified ten new CYP genes in the pine beetle Dendroctonus rhizophagus in either antennae or gut tissue after stimulation with the vapors of major host monoterpenes α-pinene, β-pinene and 3-carene. Five genes belong to the CYP4 family, four to the CYP6 family and one to the CYP9 family. Differential expression of almost all of the CYP genes was observed between sexes, and within these significant differences among time, stimuli, anatomical region, and their interactions were found upon exposure to host monoterpenes. Increased expression of cytochrome P450 genes suggests that they play a role in the detoxification of monoterpenes released by this insect's host trees.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Sto. Tomas, México D. F. CP 11340, Mexico.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cano-Ramírez
authors.forename: María Fernanda
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Ana K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Cesar-Ayala
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pineda-Martínez
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zúñiga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057506:Arthropod Antennae / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017344:Genes, Insect; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D048889:Weevils / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D039821:Monoterpenes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System