title: Lys656Asn polymorphism of leptin receptor gene is related with leptin changes after a high monounsaturated fat diet in obese patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human obesity is characterized by high levels of leptin, and it has been suggested that obese patients may be leptin resistant. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of Lys656Asn polymorphism in the leptin receptor gene on metabolic response, weight loss, and serum leptin levels to a high monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet in obese patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 126 obese patients was analyzed in a prospective way. The hypocaloric diet had 1342 kcal, 46.6% of carbohydrates, 34.1% of lipids, and 19.2% of proteins, with a 67.5% of monounsaturated fats, during 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Lys656Lys genotype, body mass index (-1.8 ± 1.4 kg/m), weight (-4.3 ± 3.7 kg), fat mass (-3.5 ± 3.5 kg), waist circumference (-5.0 ± 2.9 cm), systolic blood pressure (-3.8 ± 10.5 mm Hg), insulin (-1.5 ± 4.6 mUI/L), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (-0.4 ± 1.9 Units) decreased. In Asn allele carriers, body mass index (1.5 ± 2.1 kg/m), weight (-3.7 ± 3.1 kg), waist circumference (-4.4 ± 3.1 cm) decreased. Only leptin levels have a significant decrease in the Lys656Lys group (-6.9 ± 10.1 ng/mL) (24.2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with Asn656 allele have a different response than Lys656Lys genotype subjects, with a lack of decrease in insulin levels, leptin levels, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance after weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Medicine School and Unit of Investigation, Hospital Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain. dadluis@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: de Luis
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aller
authors.forename: Olatz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Izaola
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Conde
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eiros Bouza
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D054411:Receptors, Leptin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D054411:Receptors, Leptin