title: Assessment of cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of benzaldehyde using different assays.
abstract: Benzaldehyde (BA) occurs naturally in a number of plants, including cherry, fig and peach fruit and carnation flowers at therapeutic doses. In addition, it is used in cosmetics, personal care products and food as a preservative. In this study, we aimed to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of different concentrations of BA on cultured human lymphocytes using lactate dehydrogenase assay, cell proliferation (water-soluble tetrazolium salts-1) assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) test (apoptotic test) as a group of cytotoxicity tests at 6th and 24th h on human lymphocyte cell culture. The cytotoxicity increased when cells were treated with 10, 25 and 50 μg/mL concentrations of BA (p < 0.05). Moreover, treatment of the cells with the same concentrations significantly decreased the cell number at the 6th and 24th hours (p < 0.05). TUNEL assay results also show that the concentration of BA at 10, 25 and 50 μg/mL caused DNA damage significantly (p < 0.05). According to our results, the toxic and genotoxic effects of BA have to be further evaluated before using in cosmetic and food products.
authors.affiliation: Fatih University, Science and Art Faculty, Biology Department, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ulker
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alpsoy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mihmanli
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000633:toxicity*; D001681:Biological Assay; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C110656:2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium; D001547:Benzaldehydes; D003603:Cytotoxins; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; C032175:benzaldehyde