title: Calibration and field evaluation of Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) for monitoring pharmaceuticals in hospital wastewater.
abstract: The Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) is a new tool for the sampling of organic pollutants in water. We tested this device for the monitoring of pharmaceuticals in hospital wastewater. After calibration, a field application was carried out in a French hospital for six pharmaceutical compounds (Atenolol, Prednisolone, Methylprednisolone, Sulfamethoxazole, Ofloxacin, Ketoprofen). POCIS were calibrated in tap water and wastewater in laboratory conditions close to relevant environmental conditions (temperature, flow velocity). Sampling rates (R(s)) were determined and we observed a significant increase with flow velocity and temperature. Whatever the compound, the R(s) value was lower in wastewater and the linear phase of uptake was shorter. POCIS were deployed in a hospital sewage pipe during four days and the estimated water concentrations were close to those obtained with twenty-four hour composite samples.
authors.affiliation: Public Health and Environment Laboratory, UMR 8079, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bailly
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Levi
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karolak
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006761:Hospitals; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical