title: Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella in European wild boar (Sus scrofa); Latium Region - Italy.
abstract: The prevalence of Salmonella spp. infection was determined in 499 wild boars harvested during the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 hunting seasons in the Latium Region of Italy. We conducted a microbiological assessment on faeces collected at slaughter and we examined serum samples for the presence of antibodies to Salmonella spp. by ELISA assay. Out of 383 serum samples examined, 255 (66.5%) were positive for Salmonella spp. antibodies. Overall, 10.8% (54/499) of the animals were positive by microbiological assessment. The Salmonellae most frequently isolated were S. enterica subsp. salamae II (24%), S. enterica subsp. Diarizonae III b (12.9%), S. enterica subsp. houtenae IV (11.1%) and S. Fischerhuette (7.4%); less common Salmonella isolates included S. Veneziana (5.5%), S. Napoli (5.5%), S. Kottbus (5.5%), S. Thompson (5.5%), S. enterica subsp. arizonae III a (3.7%), S. Toulon (3.7%), S. Burgas (1.8%), S. Tennelhone (1.8%), S. Ferruch (1.8%), S. choleraesuis (1.8%), S. Paratyphi (1.8%), S. Stanleyville (1.8%), S. Typhimurium (1.8%) and S. enterica subsp. enterica 4,5,12:1:- (1.8%). These isolates were tested against 16 antimicrobial agents and exhibited resistance to sulphonamides (92.5%), sulphonamides and thrimetroprim (14.8%), colistin (14.8%), streptomycin (18.5%), gentamycin (5.5%), tetracycline (5.5%), ceftiofur (3.7%), cefazoline (1.8%), cefotaxime (1.8%), nalidixic acid (1.8%), amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (1.8%) and ampicillin (3.7%). Our data, the first collected on this species in Italy, suggest that European wild boars are frequent carriers of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonellae and are likely involved in the transmission of antimicrobial resistance throughout the environment.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Lazio e Toscana Regions, Diagnostic Section of Latina - Strada Congiunte Destre snc, 04100 Latina, Italy.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zottola
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Montagnaro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magnapera
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasso
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Martino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bragagnolo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: D'Amici
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Condoleo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pisanelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iovane
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pagnini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents