title: Identification of Leishmania tropica from micro-foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Kenyan Rift Valley.
abstract: We performed diagnosis and species identification of parasites in lesion samples from suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in four villages, three of which are in a known Leishmania tropica endemic region in Kenya. Samples were analyzed both by microscopy and PCR for Leishmania,  and typed by an assay using four ribosomal DNA-based species-identification PCRs. The lesions were demonstrated to be caused by L. tropica, which confirms the re-emergence of cutaneous leishmaniasis from this species after a period of reduced incidence in the endemic zone. Our report  highlights the importance of an intervention and sustained Leishmania control program.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Samwel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Odiwuor
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muia
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magiri
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maes
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kirigi
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Dujardin
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wasunna
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mbuchi
authors.forename: Gert Van der
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Auwera
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D007895:Leishmania tropica / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016053:RNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D012424:Rural Population; D012867:Skin / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016053:RNA, Protozoan; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal