title: Muscimol microinjection into cerebellar fastigial nucleus exacerbates stress-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of microinjection of the GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol into cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) on stress-induced gastric mucosal damage and the underlying mechanism in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stress-induced gastric mucosal damage was induced in adult male SD rats by restraining and immersing them in cold water for 3 h. GABA(A) receptor agonist or antagonist was microinjected into the lateral FN. The decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle (DSCP) was electrically destroyed and the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) was chemically ablated by microinjection of kainic acid. The pathological changes in the gastric mucosa were evaluated using TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry staining and Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microinjection of muscimol (1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 μg) into FN significantly exacerbated the stress-induced gastric mucosal damage in a dose-dependent manner, whereas microinjection of GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuculline attenuated the damage. The intensifying effect of muscimol on gastric mucosal damage was abolished by electrical lesion of DSCP or chemical ablation of LHA performed 3 d before microinjection of muscimol. Microinjection of muscimol markedly increased the discharge frequency of the greater splanchnic nerve, significantly increased the gastric acid volume and acidity, and further reduced the gastric mucosal blood flow. In the gastric mucosa, further reduced proliferation cells, enhanced apoptosis, and decreased anti-oxidant levels were observed following microinjection of muscimol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cerebellar FN participates in the regulation of stress-induced gastric mucosal damage, and cerebello-hypothalamic circuits contribute to the process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China.
authors.forename: Jin-zhou
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Su-juan
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.forename: Jian-fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sheng-ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Zhang-bo
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ting-ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001640:Bicuculline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002529:Cerebellar Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D007026:Hypothalamic Area, Lateral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009118:Muscimol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists; D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; D009118:Muscimol; D001640:Bicuculline