title: Effects of interstitial cystitis on the acoustic startle reflex in cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare acoustic startle reflexes (ASRs) of healthy cats and cats with interstitial cystitis (IC).
  
  
  METHODS
  28 healthy cats (11 males and 17 females) and 20 cats with IC (13 males and 7 females).
  
  
  METHODS
  To evaluate the effect of neutering on ASRs, ASRs in neutered and unneutered healthy cats were measured. To evaluate the effect of housing facility acclimation on ASRs in cats with IC, ASRs were measured in cats with IC within 1 month after arrival at the housing facility and again 2 to 3 months after arrival. To evaluate the effect of the environment on ASRs, ASRs were evaluated in all cats with and without IC after acclimation but before and then after environmental enrichment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neutering led to a significant decrease in overall ASR in the healthy cats. Habituation to the housing facility resulted in a significant decrease in overall ASR of female but not male cats with IC. Environmental enrichment led to a significant decrease in ASR in cats with IC but not in healthy cats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The magnitude of the ASR appeared to be sensitive to environmental conditions and affected by sex, both in healthy cats and cats with IC. It was also higher in cats with IC versus healthy cats, except when cats were housed in a highly enriched environment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment approaches that include reduction of a patient's perception of environmental unpredictability may benefit humans with IC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Devon W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hague
authors.forename: Judi L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stella
authors.forename: C A Tony
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Buffington
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002415:Cats; D003556:Cystitis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006799:Housing, Animal; D008297:Male; D013216:Reflex, Startle
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones