title: The degree of safety of family replacement donors versus voluntary non-remunerated donors in an Egyptian population: a comparative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Screening donated blood for transfusion-transmissible infections is considered an important strategy for maximising the safety of blood transfusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 17,118 donors, classified into two groups--family replacement donors and voluntary non-remunerated donors--were investigated for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen and antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Treponema pallidum. In addition cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies were searched for in 160 donors (80 from each group). All the laboratory tests were done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the total cohort of donors, 87.7% were family donors and 12.3% were voluntary non-remunerated donors. There was a highly significant difference in age and gender between the two types of donors with voluntary donors being much younger and including a much higher proportion of male donors than female donors. The prevalences of HBV, HCV and CMV IgG were much higher in family donors than in voluntary donors, with the differences being highly statistically significant. There was also a significantly higher prevalence of syphilis among family replacement donors. As regards HIV and CMV IgM, significant differences were not detected between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study clearly showed that the prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections is much higher among family replacement donors than among voluntary donors, and that voluntary donors are the best way of achieving safer blood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ibrahim Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Abdel Messih
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mona A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abeer A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mary R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Azer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001782:Blood Donors; D017848:Blood-Borne Pathogens; D046148:Donor Selection / Q000379:methods*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012449:Safety; D012737:Sex Factors; D013587:Syphilis / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D014210:Treponema pallidum; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D014780:Viruses
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000914:Antibodies, Viral