title: Association between monosodium glutamate intake and sleep-disordered breathing among Chinese adults with normal body weight.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether monosodium glutamate (MSG) intake is associated with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 1227 Chinese subjects who participated in the Jiangsu Nutrition Study were analyzed. All the participants were examined at two time points (baseline in 2002 and follow-up in 2007). The MSG intake was assessed quantitatively in 2002 and a sleep questionnaire was used to assess snoring and to construct an SDB probability score in 2007. Those within the fifth quintile of the score (highest) were defined as having a high probability of SDB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MSG intake was positively associated with snoring and a high probability of SDB in participants who had a normal body weight but in those who were overweight. A comparison of the extreme quartiles of MSG intake in subjects with a body mass index lower than 23 kg/m² showed an odds ratio of 2.02 (95% confidence interval 1.02-4.00) for snoring and an odds ratio of 3.11 (95% confidence interval 1.10-8.84) for a high probability of SDB. There was a joint effect between MSG and overweight in relation to SDB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intake of MSG may increase the risk of SDB in Chinese adults with a normal body weight.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Foodborne Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China. zumin.shi@adelaide.edu.au
authors.forename: Zumin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Gary A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Wittert
authors.forename: Baojun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Tiffany K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Anne W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002681:China; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005503:Food Additives / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012913:Snoring / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D012970:Sodium Glutamate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005503:Food Additives; D012970:Sodium Glutamate