title: Electrochemistry at the edge of a single graphene layer in a nanopore.
abstract: We study the electrochemistry of single layer graphene edges using a nanopore-based structure consisting of stacked graphene and Al(2)O(3) dielectric layers. Nanopores, with diameters ranging from 5 to 20 nm, are formed by an electron beam sculpting process on the stacked layers. This leads to a unique edge structure which, along with the atomically thin nature of the embedded graphene electrode, demonstrates electrochemical current densities as high as 1.2 × 10(4) A/cm(2). The graphene edge embedded structure offers a unique capability to study the electrochemical exchange at an individual graphene edge, isolated from the basal plane electrochemical activity. We also report ionic current modulation in the nanopore by biasing the embedded graphene terminal with respect to the electrodes in the fluid. The high electrochemical specific current density for a graphene nanopore-based device can have many applications in sensitive chemical and biological sensing, and energy storage devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana -Champaign, Urbana, Illiinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Shouvik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Jiwook
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Xiaozhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Estrada
authors.forename: Vita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Solovyeva
authors.forename: Xueqiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pop
authors.forename: Narayana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aluru
authors.forename: Rashid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bashir
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010316:Particle Size; D016062:Porosity
chemical_list: D006108:Graphite