title: Establishment and characterization of a novel xenograft model of human gastrointestinal stromal tumor in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The clinical outcome of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) has been improved by the introduction of molecular-targeting drugs. However, resistance to these drugs appears during the course of treatment. The aim of this study was to establish and characterize a human xenograft model of GIST.
  
  
  METHODS
  GIST tissue from a patient with esophageal GIST was implanted under the skin of a NOD-SCID mouse. The tumor became successfully engrafted and we investigated the effects of imatinib and sunitinib on this model. KIT mutation was investigated by complementary DNA analysis, and c-KIT (CD117) expression was evaluated by immunohistological staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  cDNA analysis of the tumor revealed a KIT mutation in exon 11. c-KIT expression was observed in each passaged tumor. Both imatinib and sunitinib significantly reduced the size of the xenograft tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We established a novel xenograft model of human GIST in mice. This xenograft model may be useful for studying GIST.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-city, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan. crumpetmpluna@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekine
authors.forename: Koshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Isaku
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: Shigeaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsukada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009154:Mutation; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077210:Sunitinib; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D007211:Indoles; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011758:Pyrroles; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D000077210:Sunitinib