title: Aggregation of islet amyloid polypeptide: from physical chemistry to cell biology.
abstract: Amyloid formation in the pancreas by islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) leads to β-cell death and dysfunction, contributing to islet transplant failure and to type-2 diabetes. IAPP is stored in the β-cell insulin secretory granules and cosecreted with insulin in response to β-cell secretagogues. IAPP is believed to play a role in the control of food intake, in controlling gastric emptying and in glucose homeostasis. The polypeptide is natively unfolded in its monomeric state, but is one of the most amyloidogenic sequences known. The mechanisms of IAPP amyloid formation in vivo and in vitro are not understood; the mechanisms of IAPP induced cell death are unclear; and the nature of the toxic species is not completely defined. Recent work is shedding light on these important issues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, United States.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Andisheh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abedini
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Raleigh
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000682:Amyloid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001703:Biophysics; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000737:chemistry; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D055666:Lipopeptides