title: Influenza antiviral resistance in the Asia-Pacific region during 2011.
abstract: Despite greater than 99% of influenza A viruses circulating in the Asia-Pacific region being resistant to the adamantane antiviral drugs in 2011, the large majority of influenza A (>97%) and B strains (∼99%) remained susceptible to the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir. However, compared to the first year of the 2009 pandemic, cases of oseltamivir-resistant A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses with the H275Y neuraminidase mutation increased in 2011, primarily due to an outbreak of oseltamivir-resistant viruses that occurred in Newcastle, as reported in Hurt et al. (2011c, 2012a), where the majority of the resistant viruses were from community patients not being treated with oseltamivir. A small number of influenza B viruses with reduced oseltamivir or zanamivir susceptibility were also detected. The increased detection of neuraminidase inhibitor resistant strains circulating in the community and the detection of novel variants with reduced susceptibility are reminders that monitoring of influenza viruses is important to ensure that antiviral treatment guidelines remain appropriate.
authors.affiliation: WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Sook-Kwan
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Leang
authors.forename: Yi-Mo
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: Pina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Iannello
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Komadina
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buchy
authors.forename: Malinee
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chittaganpitch
authors.forename: Dominic E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Dwyer
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fagan
authors.forename: Ann-Claire
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gourinat
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hammill
authors.forename: Paul F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Horwood
authors.forename: Q S
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Peng Kei
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.forename: Lance
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kesson
authors.forename: Tuckweng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.forename: Jacob L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kool
authors.forename: Avram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Katie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.forename: Osmali
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papadakis
authors.forename: Fahimeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rahnamal
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rawlinson
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Redden
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ridgway
authors.forename: I-Ching
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Sam
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Svobodova
authors.forename: Amado
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tandoc
authors.forename: Geethani
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wickramasinghe
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Noelene
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Mohd Apandi
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Yusof
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kelso
authors.forename: Ian G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: Aeron C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hurt
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001208:Asia; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000821:virology*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010139:Pacific Islands
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents