title: Fatty liver increases the association of metabolic syndrome with diabetes and atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the participation of fatty liver (FL) in the association of metabolic syndrome (MS) with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery calcification (CAC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 765 subjects (52% women) aged 30 to 75 years without clinical atherosclerosis were included in this study. MS was defined in accordance with the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) guidelines, while FL and CAC were identified by computed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were increasing frequencies of type 2 diabetes and CAC in all three groups: control, MS without FL, and MS plus FL. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses showed that FL increased the association of MS with type 2 diabetes in both women [odds ratio 10.6 (95% CI 3.4-33.7)] and men [12.1 (4.1-36.1)]. In women, FL also increased the association of MS with CAC [2.34 (1.07-5.12)].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FL increases the association of MS with type 2 diabetes and subclinical atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Juan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Juárez-Rojas
authors.forename: Aida X
authors.initials: AX
authors.lastname: Medina-Urrutia
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jorge-Galarza
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González-Salazar
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kimura-Hayama
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cardoso-Saldaña
authors.forename: Rosalinda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Posadas-Sánchez
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martínez-Alvarado
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Posadas-Romero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged