title: Kinetics of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in humans.
abstract: Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) kinetics in humans are often measured with only one tracer. In study 1, healthy volunteers received infusions of [U-¹³C]linoleate, [U-¹³C]oleate, and [U-¹³C]palmitate during continuous feeding with liquid meals low (n = 12) and high (n = 5) in palmitate and containing three labeled fatty acids to measure FFA appearance and fractional spillover of lipoprotein lipase-generated fatty acids. Study 2 used an intravenous lipid emulsion to increase FFA concentrations during infusion of linoleate and palmitate tracers. In study 1, there were no differences in spillover of the three fatty acids for the low-palmitate meal, but linoleate spillover was greater than oleate or palmitate for the high-palmitate meal. In studies 1 and 2, clearance was significantly greater for linoleate than for the other FFAs. There was a negative correlation between clearance and concentration for each fatty acid in the two studies. In study 1, concentration and spillover correlated positively for oleate and palmitate but negatively for linoleate. In conclusion, linoleate spillover is greater than that of other fatty acids under some circumstances. Linoleate clearance is greater than that of palmitate or oleate, indicating a need for caution when using a single FFA to infer the behavior of all fatty acids.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. nelson.robert1@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Manpreet S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mundi
authors.forename: Danielle T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Vlazny
authors.forename: Almira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smailovic
authors.forename: Kalpana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muthusamy
authors.forename: Jaime P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Almandoz
authors.forename: Ekta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Miles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid