title: Edaravone protects HT22 neurons from H2O2-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidative stress is frequently implicated in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects and their underlying mechanism(s) of edaravone upon hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in HT22 cells, a murine hippocampal neuronal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  HT22 cells were treated with H2O2 in the presence of various concentrations of edaravone or in its absence. A CCK-8 assay, Hoechst 33342 staining, and flow cytometry were used to detect cytotoxicity and apoptosis. In addition, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, p-ERK 1/2, p-JNK, and p-P38 proteins in HT22 cells were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exogenous H2O2 decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner and was associated with increased apoptosis and ROS production. Moreover, H2O2 significantly activated and upregulated the expression of p-ERK 1/2, p-JNK, and p-P38, while edaravon protected HT22 cells against H2O2-induced injury by inhibiting the production of ROS and activating the MAPK signaling pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results provide the first evidence that edaravone can protect H2O2-induced cell injury in HT22 neurons via its antioxidant action. These findings suggest that edaravone may be useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders in which oxidative stress has been principally implicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Yan
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luan
authors.forename: Shi-Xiong
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Song-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bei-Bei
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Rong-Biao
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Pi
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000077553:Edaravone; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000077553:Edaravone; D000983:Antipyrine