title: The protective effects of dexmedetomidine on the liver and remote organs against hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the protective effects of dexmedetomidine against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury and hepatic IR induced remote organ injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty Wistar albino rats were divided into the following four groups: sham, dexmedetomidine, IR, and IR + dexmedetomidine. Hepatic ischemia was created by the Pringle maneuver for 30 min followed by a 30 min reperfusion period in the IR and IR + dexmedetomidine groups. The dexmedetomidine and IR + dexmedetomidine groups were administered dexmedetomidine (100 μg/kg, single dose) intraperitoneally after the anesthesia insult. Blood samples and hepatic, renal, and lung tissue specimens were obtained to measure serum and tissue total oxidative activity (TOA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), paraoxonase (PON-1), and oxidative stress index (OSI) after 60 min in all groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the biochemical analyses of the samples taken from the serum and the liver, lung, and kidney tissues, when comparing the sham group and the IR group, TOA and OSI values were higher in the IR group, while TAC and PON-1 values were lower (p < 0.05). It was observed that TOA and OSI values were significantly lower, while TAC and PON-1 values increased with dexmedetomidine treatment (p < 0.05). In addition, dexmedetomidine ameliorated hepatic histopathological changes inducing IR, but there were no significant histopathological changes in the remote organs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that dexmedetomidine markedly reduced the oxidative stress in serum, liver, and remote organs induced by hepatic IR injury, and ameliorated the histopathological damage in the liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey. adnantufek@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tüfek
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tokgöz
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aliosmanoglu
authors.forename: Ulaş
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Alabalik
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Evliyaoglu
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Çiftçi
authors.forename: Abdülmenap
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Güzel
authors.forename: Zeynep Baysal
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Yıldırım
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D020011:Protective Agents; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase