title: The complex exogenous RNA spectra in human plasma: an interface with human gut biota?
abstract: Human plasma has long been a rich source for biomarker discovery. It has recently become clear that plasma RNA molecules, such as microRNA, in addition to proteins are common and can serve as biomarkers. Surveying human plasma for microRNA biomarkers using next generation sequencing technology, we observed that a significant fraction of the circulating RNA appear to originate from exogenous species. With careful analysis of sequence error statistics and other controls, we demonstrated that there is a wide range of RNA from many different organisms, including bacteria and fungi as well as from other species. These RNAs may be associated with protein, lipid or other molecules protecting them from RNase activity in plasma. Some of these RNAs are detected in intracellular complexes and may be able to influence cellular activities under in vitro conditions. These findings raise the possibility that plasma RNAs of exogenous origin may serve as signaling molecules mediating for example the human-microbiome interaction and may affect and/or indicate the state of human health.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. kwang@systemsbiology.org
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Alton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Etheridge
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wilmes
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Galas
mesh_terms: D058448:Biota; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract; D006801:Humans; D054892:Metagenome; D010949:Plasma / Q000378:metabolism*; D012313:RNA / Q000097:blood*; D000079962:RNA, Circular
chemical_list: D000079962:RNA, Circular; D012313:RNA