title: Linking post-translational modifications and variation of phenotypic traits.
abstract: Enzymes can be post-translationally modified, leading to isoforms with different properties. The phenotypic consequences of the quantitative variability of isoforms have never been studied. We used quantitative proteomics to dissect the relationships between the abundances of the enzymes and isoforms of alcoholic fermentation, metabolic traits, and growth-related traits in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although the enzymatic pool allocated to the fermentation proteome was constant over the culture media and the strains considered, there was variation in abundance of individual enzymes and sometimes much more of their isoforms, which suggests the existence of selective constraints on total protein abundance and trade-offs between isoforms. Variations in abundance of some isoforms were significantly associated to metabolic traits and growth-related traits. In particular, cell size and maximum population size were highly correlated to the degree of N-terminal acetylation of the alcohol dehydrogenase. The fermentation proteome was found to be shaped by human selection, through the differential targeting of a few isoforms for each food-processing origin of strains. These results highlight the importance of post-translational modifications in the diversity of metabolic and life-history traits.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, UMR 0320/UMR 8120 Génétique Végétale, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Albertin
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marullo
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bely
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aigle
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bourgais
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Langella
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Balliau
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chevret
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Valot
authors.forename: Telma
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dillmann
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Vienne
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sicard
mesh_terms: D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005285:Fermentation; D005516:Food Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D020543:Proteome / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D020543:Proteome; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase