title: Mannitol for paraphimosis reduction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Paraphimosis is a urologic emergency. Many treatment options have been devised for managing this entity. The osmotic method is one of them. We used an osmotic diuretic, mannitol, for reducing paraphimosis. Mannitol is commonly used for conditions like head injury to decrease cerebral oedema, partial nephrectomy and hepatorenal syndrome; we attempted using this diuretic for reducing paraphimosis. This is a novel technique and an application of mannitol which has never been reported before.
  
  
  METHODS
  Starting in February 2011, we used mannitol 20% in patients presenting to urologic emergency with uncomplicated paraphimosis. Mannitol-soaked gauzes were wrapped around the oedematous prepuce, followed by minimal intermittent hand compression and frequent resoaking of the gauze with 20% mannitol. No needle punctures were made. The soaked gauze was removed and the paraphimosis was reduced easily.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A complete reduction of paraphimosis occurred after mannitol-soaked gauze had been placed over the oedematous prepuce for about 30-45 min in 6 of our patients. This is a novel agent used for this entity; it reduces paraphimosis in a minimal time with no pain, with the added advantage of the least risk of infection after the procedure as opposed to granulated sugar or 50% dextrose previously used as osmotic agents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mannitol can be applied in clinical practice for reducing paraphimosis. It requires no anaesthesia and is associated with minimal/no patient discomfort unlike that seen with multiple needle punctures and the various other non-osmotic methods of reducing paraphimosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Government Medical College Hospital, Jammu, India. ananddrajay @ rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Sahil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapoor
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010263:Paraphimosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic; D008353:Mannitol