title: Expanding roles for GILT in immunity.
abstract: Gamma-interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT), a thioredoxin-related oxidoreductase, functions in MHC class II-restricted antigen processing and MHC class I-restricted cross-presentation by reducing disulfide bonds of endocytosed proteins and facilitating their unfolding and optimal degradation. However, recent reports have greatly expanded our understanding of GILT's function. Several studies of GILT and antigen processing have shown that the influence of GILT on the peptide repertoire can alter the character of the immune response and affect central tolerance. Furthermore, a few unexpected roles for GILT have been uncovered: as a host factor for Listeria monocytogenes infection, in the maintenance of cellular glutathione (GSH) levels, and possibly outside the cell, as enzymatically active GILT is secreted by activated macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, 300, Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8011, USA.
authors.forename: Laura Ciaccia
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cresswell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D050862:Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; C056859:IFI30 protein, human; D050862:Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors; D005978:Glutathione