title: Programmed death 1 pathway inhibition in metastatic renal cell cancer and prostate cancer.
abstract: Programmed death 1 (PD-1) is a T cell co-inhibitory receptor with two ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. In cancer, this pathway plays a major role in immune resistance in the tumor environment. Blockade of this pathway can enhance antitumor immune responses. This review discusses the preclinical rationale for PD-1 pathway inhibition in advanced renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer, in addition to the clinical activity and toxicity of the anti-PD-L1 antibody BMS-936559, as well as anti-PD-1 antibodies MK-3475 and BMS-936558.
authors.affiliation: Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Daniel Y C
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Heng
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D017321:Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor