title: Canine brainstem auditory evoked responses are not clinically impacted by head size or breed.
abstract: Accurate assessment of canine hearing is essential to decrease the incidence of hereditary deafness in predisposed breeds and to substantiate hearing acuity. The Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response (BAER) is a widely accepted, objective test used in humans and animals for estimation of hearing thresholds and deafness diagnosis. In contrast to humans, testing and recording parameters for determination of normal values for canine hearing are not available. Conflicting information concerning breed and head size effects on canine BAER tests are major contributors preventing this normalization. The present study utilized standard head measurement techniques coupled with BAER testing and recording parameters modeled from humans to examine the effect canine head size and breed have on BAER results. Forty-three adult dogs from fourteen different breeds had head size measurements and BAER tests performed. The mean latencies compared by breed for waves I, II, III, IV, and V were as follows: 1.46±0.49 ms, 2.52±0.54 ms, 3.45±0.41 ms, 4.53±0.83 ms and 5.53±0.43 ms, respectively. The mean wave I-V latency interval for all breeds was 3.69 ms. All dogs showed similar waveform morphology, structures, including the presence of five waves occurring within 11 ms after stimulus presentation and a significant trough occurring after Wave V. All of the waveform morphology for our subjects occurred with consistent interpeak latencies as shown by statistical testing. All animals had diagnostic results within the expected ranges for each wave latency and interwave interval allowing diagnostic evaluation. Our results establish that neither differences in head size nor breed impact determination of canine BAER waveform morphology, latency, or hearing sensitivity for diagnostic purposes. The differences in canine head size do not have a relevant impact on canine BAERs and are not clinically pertinent to management or diagnostic decisions.
authors.affiliation: FETCH-LAB, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 119 French East Building, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0379, USA. kemperdr@uc.edu
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Scheifele
authors.forename: John Greer
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D000886:Anthropometry; D003638:Deafness / Q000175:diagnosis; D004285:Dogs; D004569:Electroencephalography; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology*; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006320:Hearing Tests; D013045:Species Specificity