title: Recent national trends in the use of adolescent inpatient bariatric surgery: 2000 through 2009.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the current rate of inpatient bariatric surgical procedures among adolescents and to analyze national trends of use from 2000 to 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Discharge data obtained from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database, 2000 through 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescents (defined herein as individuals aged 10-19 years) undergoing inpatient bariatric procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatient bariatric surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome measure was the national population-based bariatric procedure rate. The secondary outcome measures were trends in procedure rates and type, demographics, complication rate, length of stay, and hospital charges from 2000 through 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The inpatient bariatric procedure rate increased from 0.8 per 100 000 in 2000 to 2.3 per 100 000 in 2003 (328 vs 987 procedures) but did not change significantly in 2006 (2.2 per 100 000) or 2009 (2.4 per 100 000), with 925 vs 1009 procedures. The use of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding approached one-third (32.1%) of all procedures by 2009. The cohort was predominantly female and older than 17 years. The prevalence of comorbidities increased from 2003 (49.3%) to 2009 (58.6%) (P = .002), while the complication rate remained low and the in-hospital length of stay decreased by approximately 1 day (P < .001). Increasing numbers of patients had Medicaid as their primary payer source; however, most (68.3% in 2009) had private insurance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the worsening childhood obesity epidemic, the rate of inpatient bariatric procedures among adolescents has plateaued since 2003. The predominant procedure type has changed to minimally invasive techniques, including laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Trends show low complication rates and decreasing length of stay, despite increasing comorbid conditions among patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Joseph E. Robert Jr Center for Surgical Care, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
authors.forename: Deirdre C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kelleher
authors.forename: Chaya T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Merrill
authors.forename: Linda T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Cottrell
authors.forename: Evan P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Nadler
authors.forename: Randall S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Burd
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D008484:Medicaid / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000191:economics / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult