title: Does hemochromatosis predispose to celiac disease? A study of 29,096 celiac disease patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Case reports suggest an association between hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) and celiac disease (CD), but estimates of association are lacking. We estimated the association between HH and CD in a population-based study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study. We identified 29,096 individuals with biopsy-verified CD (equal to villous atrophy, Marsh stage III) through biopsy reports from all 28 pathology departments in Sweden. We then investigated the risk of a clinical diagnosis of HH in CD and in 144,522 controls matched for age, sex, county and calendar year. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for CD in patients with HH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HH was seen in 30 patients with CD and in 60 matched controls. HH was hence associated with an increased risk of CD (OR = 2.30; 95% CI = 1.53-3.45). Restricting HH to individuals with at least two records of HH, the OR for CD was 2.54 (95% CI = 1.57-4.11), with a similar risk estimate when we only looked at HH diagnosed before CD (and matched date in controls) (OR = 2.64; 95% CI = 1.24-5.60).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HH seems to be associated with an increased risk of CD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Sweden. jonasludvigsson@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Jonas F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ludvigsson
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elmberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006432:Hemochromatosis / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D013548:Sweden; D055815:Young Adult