title: Severe enteroviral encephalitis complicated by encephalomalacia--case presentation.
abstract: Enteroviral encephalitis is a rare neuroinfection more often diagnosed in children within the context of enteroviral epidemic outbreaks. It has pleomorphic clinical features, variable severity and a definite potential to cause neuropsychological sequelae especially in infants. Some subtypes are extremely severe with a mortality rate of up to 25% by affecting the brain stem. These subtypes usually come with highly specific findings on neuroimaging. We present a paediatric case of diffuse encephalitis most likely enteroviral in nature, with some particular features concerning the severe clinical form, the neuroimaging aspects and the neuropsychological sequelae due to the rarely described evolution towards encephalomalacia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy-Târgu Mureş School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Anca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Georgescu
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiriac
authors.forename: Brînduşa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tilea
authors.forename: Iringo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kezdi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000212:Acyclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004569:Electroencephalography; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D004678:Encephalomalacia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004232:Diuretics; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D000212:Acyclovir