title: Chemical composition, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Artemisia indica Willd.
abstract: Essential oil from the aerial parts of Artemisia indica was analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of 43 compounds representing 96.8% of the oil were identified and the major components were found to be artemisia ketone (42.1%), germacrene B (8.6%), borneol (6.1%) and cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (4.8%). Antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against seven clinically significant bacterial and two fungal strains. The essential oil and its major constituents exhibited moderate to potent, broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activities targeting both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation against four human cancer cell lines THP-1 (leukemia), A-549 (lung), HEP-2 (liver) and Caco-2 (colon) showed that the essential oil exhibited concentration dependant growth inhibition in the 10-100 μg/ml dilution range, with IC(50) values of 10 μg/ml (THP-1), 25 μg/ml (A-549), 15.5 μg/ml (HEP-2) and 19.5 μg/ml (Caco-2). It was interesting to note that the essential oil also exhibited potent antioxidant activity.
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Srinagar 190005, India.
authors.forename: Showkat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.forename: Manzoor Ahmad
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rather
authors.forename: Wajaht Amin
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Bilal Ahmad
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Bhat
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D003603:Cytotoxins; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils