title: Enteral supplement enriched with glutamine, fiber, and oligosaccharide attenuates experimental colitis in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ulcerative colitis is a chronic recurrent disease characterized by acute inflammation of the colonic mucosa. In Japan, a dietary supplementation product enriched with glutamine, dietary fiber, and oligosaccharide (GFO) is widely applied for enteral nutrition support. These three components have been suggested to improve intestinal health. In this study, we investigated whether GFO has suppressive effects on mucosal damage in ulcerative colitis in an experimental mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  C57BL/6 mice received 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water for 5 d to induce colitis. Then, they were given 0.25 mL of GFO or a 20% glucose solution twice daily for 10 d. Another set of mice receiving unaltered drinking water was used as the normal control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The body weight loss and disease activity index were significantly lower in the GFO-treated mice compared with the glucose-treated mice (P < 0.05). The decrease in colon length induced by dextran sulfate sodium was significantly alleviated in GFO-treated mice compared with glucose-treated mice (P < 0.01). In addition, the histologic findings showed that intestinal inflammation was significantly attenuated in mice treated with GFO. Furthermore, treatment with GFO significantly inhibited the dextran sulfate sodium-induced increase in the mRNA expression of interleukin-1β.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that GFO has potential therapeutic value as an adjunct therapy for ulcerative colitis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Erina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamane
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamasaki
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muraoka
authors.forename: Kazuyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nasteska
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hidemi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shide
authors.forename: Kinsuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inagaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003106:Colon / Q000737:chemistry; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005973:Glutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005973:Glutamine; D016264:Dextran Sulfate