title: Gene-environment studies and borderline personality disorder: a review.
abstract: We review recent gene-environment studies relevant to borderline personality disorder, including those focusing on impulsivity, emotion sensitivity, suicidal behavior, aggression and anger, and the borderline personality phenotype itself. Almost all the studies reviewed suffered from a number of methodological and statistical problems, limiting the conclusions that currently can be drawn. The best evidence to date supports a gene-environment correlation (rGE) model for borderline personality traits and a range of adverse life events, indicating that those at risk for BPD are also at increased risk for exposure to environments that may trigger BPD. We provide suggestions regarding future research on GxE interaction and rGE effects in borderline personality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: Rachel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Tomko
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Trull
authors.forename: Dorret I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Boomsma
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D010641:Phenotype; D012307:Risk Factors; D059020:Suicidal Ideation