title: Adolescent Asthma Self-Management: A Concept Analysis and Operational Definition.
abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescents with asthma have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality than other age groups. Asthma self-management has been shown to improve outcomes; however, the concept of asthma self-management is not explicitly defined.  METHODS: We use the Norris method of concept clarification to delineate what constitutes the concept of asthma self-management in adolescents. Five databases were searched to identify components of the concept of adolescent asthma self-management, and lists of relevant subconcepts were compiled and categorized.  RESULTS: Analysis revealed 4 specific domains of self-management behaviors: (1) symptom prevention; (2) symptom monitoring; (3) acute symptom management; and (4) communication with important others. These domains of self-management were mediated by intrapersonal/cognitive and interpersonal/contextual factors.  CONCLUSIONS: Based on the analysis, we offer a research-based operational definition for adolescent asthma self-management and a preliminary model that can serve as a conceptual base for further research.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing,  University of Rochester , Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mammen
authors.forename: Hyekyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rhee