title: Active management of selective intrauterine growth restriction with abnormal Doppler in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies diagnosed in the second trimester of pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to compare outcomes of active management of monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated with severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) of one twin before 24 weeks with continuous or intermittent absent or reversed end-diastolic flow (AREDF) in the umbilical artery, with or without twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is a retrospective comparison of 45 consecutive cases of severe selective IUGR (s-IUGR) defined as an estimated fetal weight at or below the fifth centile with a >25% weight discordance and AREDF in the umbilical artery before 24 weeks and 166 consecutive cases of TTTS stage III, with AREDF in the donor (TTTS3D) and also with s-IUGR. These were treated by either selective laser photocoagulation of chorionic vessels (SLPCV) or cord coagulation (CC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 166 cases of TTTS3D were treated by SLPCV, whereas 23 and 22 cases of s-IUGR were treated by SLPCV and CC, respectively. Overall survival was 52.17% or 45.45% in s-IUGR treated by SLPCV or CC, respectively, and 48.49% in TTTS3D. The survival of appropriately grown for gestational age (AGA) twins following CC (90.9%) was higher than that following SLPCV in s-IUGR (74%) or in recipient twins of TTTS3D (55.42%) (p = 0.001). Survival of the IUGR twin was 30% and 41.56% with SLPCV in s-IUGR and TTTS3D, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Active management of severe IUGR with AREDF in the umbilical artery seems beneficial. Survival rates with SLPCV were similar in s-IUGR and TTTS3D. However, there was a trend for higher survival rates in the AGA twin for CC. The choice of the technique should be driven by objective counseling on survival of both IUGR and AGA twins and therefore by the utility-based ethical values expressed by the pregnant woman.
authors.affiliation: National Referral Centre for Management of Complicated Monochorionic Pregnancies, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Paris Descartes University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, 75015, Paris, France.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Chalouhi
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Marangoni
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Quibel
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Deloison
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Benzina
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Essaoui
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al Ibrahim
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Stirnemann
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Salomon
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ville
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D005330:Fetofetal Transfusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D059285:Pregnancy, Twin; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic; D014463:Ultrasonography