title: [Retrospective analysis of relationship between radiological features and prognoses of pneumocystis pneumonia in non-AIDS immunocompromised patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the relationship between the radiological features and prognoses of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (non-AIDS) immunocompromised patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analyses were performed for the radiological features and prognoses of 36 non-AIDS immunocompromised PCP patients hospitalized at Peking University First Hospital from April 2006 to April 2010. There were 24 males and 12 females with an average age of (51.7 ± 18.9) years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients underwent chest photographic examinations and chest computed tomography (CT) was performed on 29 of them. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) of 36 patients was 33.3% (12/36). At the start of anti-PCP treatment, there were normal chest radiography (n = 7), bilateral diffuse infiltration (n = 21), bilateral diffuse consolidation (n = 8), aerothorax, mediastinal emphysema or pneumohypoderma (n = 6) and numbers of deceased patients (n = 0, 8, 5 and 5 respectively). The CFRs of the patients with normal chest radiography and aerothorax, mediastinal emphysema or pneumohypoderma were both statistically significant as compared with the overall rate (P < 0.05). At the start of anti-PCP treatment, there were bilateral diffuse ground glass opacities (GGO) (n = 29), "mosaic sign" (n = 19), air bronchogram (n = 19), pulmonary consolidation (n = 17), bilateral pleural effusion (n = 7), thickened lobular septa (n = 6), cystic lesions (n = 5), aerothorax, mediastinal emphysema or pneumohypoderma (n = 4) and numbers of deceased patients (n = 8, 5, 5, 5, 2, 2, 2 and 4 respectively). The CFRs of the patients with aerothorax, mediastinal emphysema or pneumohypoderma were statistically significant as compared with the overall rate (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The major radiological features of PCP in non-AIDS immunocompromised patients are bilateral diffuse infiltration. And bilateral diffuse GGO on chest CT scans are usually accompanied with "mosaic" sign, air bronchogram or pulmonary consolidation. The prognoses are excellent for the patients with normal chest radiograph and poor for those with aerothorax, mediastinal emphysema or pneumohypoderma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Ren-gui
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Cheng-li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Que
authors.forename: Hai-chao
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guang-fa
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed