title: [Endophenotypes and autism spectrum disorders].
abstract: Genetic factors of ASD stay unknown after 30 years of research. The concept of "endophenotype" seems an interesting approach toward these factors. "Enlarged phenotypes" in families of ASD persons could lead to the definition of ASD endophenotypes. "Enlarged phenotypes" include clinical symptoms, morphological and functional brain anomalies enlightening ASD physiopathology and brain physiology. Knowledge of endophenotypes will lead to ASD genetic risk factors. This knowledge will open ethical questions about prenatal diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 9, France. michel.sokolwsky@ap-hm.fr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sokolowsky
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fakra
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Azorin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D056348:Emotional Intelligence / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D058068:Endophenotypes; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D036281:Genetic Research; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D056345:Theory of Mind / Q000502:physiology