title: Rapid naming, reading and comprehension in students with learning difficulties.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare and correlate the performance of students with learning difficulties in rapid naming, reading and comprehension.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 32 students from 4th grade of elementary school of both genders, with ages between 11 years and 4 months and 12 years and 7 months. The first and second oral reading of a text selected based on the indication of 4th grade teachers were conducted, as well as the first and second reading comprehension task composed by four questions presented right after the reading, to which students should answered orally, and the rapid naming task from the Test of Cognitive-Linguistic Performance, individual version.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences were found between the first and the second comprehension scores, and between rapid naming, first and second reading. There was a strong correlation between comprehension and reading, suggesting that the performance in the first reading significantly influenced the performance in the second reading, which also occurred for comprehension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The delay in the activities of naming, reading and comprehension in the first evaluation provoked failures in the phoneme-grapheme conversion that may be enough to cause learning difficulties in reading.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program (Doctorate degree) in Education, School of Philosophy and Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Marília, SP, Brazil. claudiasilvafono@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Cláudia da
authors.initials: Cd
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Vera Lúcia Orlandi
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Fábio Henrique
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Pinheiro
authors.forename: Simone Aparecida
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Capellini
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D032882:Comprehension; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D011932:Reading; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods