title: Major depressive disorder, cognitive symptoms, and neuropsychological performance among ethnically diverse HIV+ men and women.
abstract: Major depressive disorder (MDD), cognitive symptoms, and mild cognitive deficits commonly occur in HIV-infected individuals, despite highly active antiretroviral therapies. In this study, we compared neuropsychological performance and cognitive symptoms of 191 HIV-infected participants. Results indicated that participants with a formal diagnosis of current MDD performed significantly worse than participants without MDD in all seven neuropsychological domains evaluated, with the largest effect sizes in information processing speed, learning, and memory. In addition, a brief assessment of cognitive symptoms, derived from a comprehensive neuromedical interview, correlated significantly with neurocognitive functioning. Participants with MDD reported more cognitive symptoms and showed greater neurocognitive deficits than participants without MDD. These findings indicate that HIV-infected adults with MDD have more cognitive symptoms and worse neuropsychological performance than HIV-infected individuals without MDD. The results of this study have important implications for the diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND).
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. robert.fellows@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Fellows
authors.forename: Desiree A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Byrd
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morgello
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D002452:Cell Count; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens