title: Comanagement of diabetic kidney disease by the primary care provider and nephrologist.
abstract: DKD is a complex and multifaceted disease. A substantial portion of patients remain unable to attain clinical targets for glycosylated hemoglobin, lipids, and blood pressure. Improving outcomes requires multifactorial interventions that are best delivered through collaborative care. Targets for improvement should include screening, diagnosis, and early referral. Following referral, the patient should be cared for in an integrated framework using the 4 elements of an effective DKD care delivery model: clear roles and responsibilities, integrated QI programs, MDT approach, and effective communication facilitated through access to a shared EMR. Given the differences in the pathophysiology of DM in the renal population, a nephrologist and endocrinologist can be invaluable in improving care for this population. Large-scale trials are needed to validate the cost and usefulness of collaborative care as current data are insufficient. Based on available data, models such as the one proposed here should serve to maximize the strengths of individual providers and provide improved quality of care to patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Brendan T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kleiner
authors.forename: W Kline
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Bolton
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D019033:Delivery of Health Care, Integrated / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019468:Disease Management; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000458:organization & administration; D017146:Models, Organizational; D020380:Needs Assessment; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000458:organization & administration