title: Genetic and environmental effects on tannin composition in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) cultivars grown in different European locations.
abstract: Strawberry cultivars grown at different locations in Europe showed genotype- and environment-dependent variation in total phenol and anthocyanin contents. This study focused on the compositional diversity of tannins from these cultivars using a high-throughput liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) technique. Cultivars grown in Germany showed differences in the relative amounts of proanthocyanidins (PACs) and ellagitannins (ETs). Cultivars grown at three different European locations showed differences in their PAC/ET balance. 'Elsanta' grown in Switzerland had higher levels of ET-derived than PAC-derived signals compared to 'Elsanta' grown in Germany and Denmark. The trend to increased ET-derived signals was also noted for 'Clery' grown in Switzerland over Germany and was apparent for 'Korona' grown in Denmark over Germany. The altered ET/PAC balance was confirmed by conventional LC-MS analysis, which highlighted specific changes in composition rather than a general increase in ET components. These findings are discussed with respect to the environmental conditions at the different European locations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pomology, Geisenheim Research Center, Geisenheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Josuttis
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verrall
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.forename: Gordon J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: McDougall
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003718:Denmark; D004777:Environment; D005060:Europe; D031985:Fragaria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005838:Genotype; D005858:Germany; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000032:analysis; D013045:Species Specificity; D013557:Switzerland; D013634:Tannins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D010636:Phenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D013634:Tannins