title: Synergistic collaboration of gut symbionts in Odontotermes formosanus for lignocellulosic degradation and bio-hydrogen production.
abstract: In this work, gut microbes from the macrotermitine termite Odontotermes formosanus the cellulolytic Bacillus and fermentative Clostridium were studied in batch experiments using different carbon substrates to bio-mimic the termite gut for hydrogen production. Their fungus comb aging and the in vitro lignocellulosic degradation of the mango tree substrates by the synergistic interaction of Bacillus, Clostridium and Termitomyces were detected by Solid-state NMR. From the results, Bacillus species acted as a mutualist, by initiating an anaerobic environment for the growth of Clostridium, for bio-hydrogen production and the presence of Termitomyces enhanced the lignocellulosic degradation of substrates in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the synergistic collaboration of these three microbes can be used for termite-derived bio-fuel processing technology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Gincy Marina
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Dony Chacko
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Shou-Chen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Georgy Mathew
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Alexios
authors.forename: Jia-Cih
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jagathala Mahalingam
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sashikumar
authors.forename: Tanveer Mahamadali
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Shaikh
authors.forename: Chieh-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D003013:Clostridium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006864:Hydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D020049:Isoptera / Q000382:microbiology*; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D031022:Mangifera / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000502:physiology*; D013624:Taiwan; D055434:Termitomyces / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; C036909:lignocellulose; D006859:Hydrogen; D008031:Lignin; D006864:Hydrogenase
keywords: Bacillus; Clostridium; Odontotermes formosanus; Solid-state NMR; Termitomyces