title: Clinical use of the calcium-binding S100B protein.
abstract: S100B is a calcium-binding protein most abundant in neuronal tissue. It is expressed in glia cells and Schwann cells and exerts both intra- and extracellular effects. Depending on the concentration, secreted S100B exerts either trophic or toxic effects. Its functions have been extensively studied but are still not fully understood. It can be measured in cerebrospinal fluid and blood, and increased S100B level in blood can be seen after, e.g., traumatic brain injury, certain neurodegenerative disorders and malignant melanoma. This chapter provides a short background of protein S100B, commercially available methods of analysis, and its clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ramona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Astrand
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Undén
authors.forename: Bertil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Romner
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004194:Disease; D006801:Humans; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579160:S100B protein, human; D002118:Calcium