title: The prognostic use of inflammation and tissue necrosis in benign prostatic hyperplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence for the role of inflammation in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is conflicting. Establishing the prognostic significance of local and systemic inflammation and tissue necrosis scoring systems in BPH may elucidate the potential of inflammatory pathways as a target of therapeutic intervention in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with histological BPH diagnosed between 1996 and 2005 were identified. Systemic inflammation was assessed by the modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS), local inflammation by the Klintrup-Makinen criteria and tissue necrosis was evaluated by an extent-based classification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 392 BPH patients, there was a trend for increased local inflammation and tissue necrosis to be associated with shorter time to failure of pre-operative medical treatment of BPH (p = 0.096 and 0.088, respectively). High modified Glasgow prognostic score was associated with older age (p = 0.002) and higher levels of deprivation (measured by the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation) (p = 0.021).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prognostic use of established scoring systems of systemic and local inflammation and tissue necrosis in BPH requires further investigation. It remains unclear as to whether targeting inflammation in BPH has therapeutic potential.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Willder
authors.forename: Victoria C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Gwen L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Halbert
authors.forename: Craig P C
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Dick
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Orange
authors.forename: Tahir
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qayyum
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Horgan
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Underwood
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D012044:Regression Analysis