title: Long-bone fractures in llamas and alpacas: 28 cases (1998-2008).
abstract: Treatment and outcome of camelids with long-bone fractures are described. Medical records (1998-2008) of camelids (n = 28) with long-bone fractures were reviewed for signalment, time to presentation, fracture type, method of repair, duration of hospitalization, and post-operative complications. Follow-up information was obtained via telephone interviews with owners. Mean age and weight at presentation were 3.4 years and 56.3 kg, respectively. Twenty-six fractures were treated with internal fixation (n = 11), external fixation (n = 10), combination of internal and external fixation (n = 3), amputation (n = 1), and external fixation followed by amputation (n = 1). Long-term follow-up information was obtained for 19 of the 26 animals. The post-operative complication rate was 23% and owner satisfaction was high. Animals with open fractures were more likely to experience complications. Internal fixation was associated with superior alignment and outcome. Internal fixation techniques should be recommended for camelids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, The University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA.
authors.forename: S Emmanuelle
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Knafo
authors.forename: Liberty M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Getman
authors.forename: Dean W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Marie-Eve
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fecteau
mesh_terms: D000671:Amputation, Surgical / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D002161:Camelids, New World / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D005597:Fractures, Open / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome