title: Prognostic value of gross tumor volume for definitive radiation therapy in patients with locoregionally recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer after surgical resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prognostic value of gross tumor volume (GTV) for predicting survival outcomes and to present the results of definitive radiation therapy (RT) in patients with postsurgical locoregionally recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 2001 and September 2009, 38 patients with postsurgical locoregionally recurrent NSCLC underwent definitive RT with curative intent. Median follow-up time for surviving patients was 54.9 months. The primary endpoint was postrecurrence overall survival (OS). The effect of tumor volume on clinical outcome was assessed by using 2 cutoff values of GTV, 20 and 80 cm(3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median postrecurrence survival time was 27.9 months, and the 2-, 3-, and 5-year estimated OS rates were 56.0%, 39.8% and 33.2%, respectively. The median GTV was 26.8 cm(3). Patients with a GTV <20 cm(3) had significantly higher 2-year (69.0% vs. 28.6%) and 3-year (61.4% vs. 14.3%) OS rates than patients with a GTV ≥80 cm(3) (P = .004). Patients with isolated local or regional recurrence had significantly better OS than patients with combined local and regional recurrence (P = .001). Multivariate analysis showed that smaller GTV and isolated local or regional recurrence were independent favorable prognostic factors for OS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postrecurrence OS of patients with postsurgical locoregionally recurrent NSCLC treated with definitive RT was excellent compared with previous findings. The GTV as a continuous variable was a better predictor of OS than stage at recurrence and may be useful for stratifying the risk in patients with postsurgical recurrent NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Proton Therapy Center, Research Institute Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Kwon
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Tae Hyun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Tak
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Heung Tae
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Moon Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Mog
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kwan Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jin Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011379:Prognosis; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D015996:Survival Rate; D047368:Tumor Burden