title: C-reactive protein and incidence of type 2 diabetes in the Pizarra study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the association between serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort from southern Spain (Pizarra study).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study formed part of the Pizarra cohort study, a prospective study started in 1995 with a follow-up of 11 years. Anthropometric and metabolic variables were measured at baseline and at 6 years and 11 years of follow-up. All subjects underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Serum levels of TNFα and its receptors, hs-CRP, IL-6, leptin, adiponectin and FABP4 were measured at 6 years of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for age, sex and obesity, subjects with levels of hs-CRP> 2.9 mg/L in the second study (2003-4) had a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes by the third study (2008-9) (OR = 7.97; 95% CI = 1.72-36.89; P = 0.008), and subjects with adiponectin levels > 13.2 mg/L had a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (OR = 0.23, P = 0.02). High values of hs-CRP and high values of adiponectin were associated positively (OR = 8.26; 95% CI = 1.84-37.19; P = 0.006) and negatively (OR = 0.17; 95% CI = 0.04-0.69; P = 0.01), respectively, with the risk of having HbA1c ≥ 6.5% at 11 years of follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjects with high serum hs-CRP levels and low serum adiponectin levels have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes within five years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain. elehazara@gmail.com
authors.forename: Elehazara
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rubio-Martín
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soriguer
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Repiso
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garrido-Sánchez
authors.forename: Marisol S Ruíz
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: de Adana
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Fuentes
authors.forename: Sonsoles
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morcillo
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Esteva
authors.forename: Felipe J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rojo-Martinez
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013030:Spain; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D016207:Cytokines; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D020738:Leptin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human