title: Human papilloma virus prevalence in a multiethnic screening population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal was to determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV16 using saliva in a screening population in Detroit, Michigan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect HPV16 in saliva DNA from 349 screening subjects without head and neck cancer (HNC), 156 with HNC, and 19 controls. Cut points for human papilloma virus (HPV) positivity were >0 and >0.001 copy/cell. Proportions were compared between groups using exact χ(2) or Fisher exact tests (P < .05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At a cut point >0, each group had an overall HPV prevalence of more than 5%, with a higher prevalence of 30.8% in the HNC patient group. At a cut point >0.001, the prevalence was lower: 0% in the control, 1.2% in the screening, and 16.7% in the HNC group. In the latter, for both cut points, HPV prevalence was different across sites (<0.001) and significantly higher in the oropharynx than larynx or site as other after Hochberg's adjustment. At >0, women in the screening group had a higher prevalence of HPV than did men (P = .010), and at >0.001, the prevalence was higher for men in the HNC group than for women (P = .035). In the screening group, at >0, only African Americans had a higher prevalence than Caucasian Americans (P = .025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the screening group, a 6.9% and 1.2% screening rate was noted at cut points >0 and >0.001, respectively. The results provide data to inform public health considerations of the feasibility of saliva as a screening tool in at-risk populations with the long-term goal of prophylactic vaccination against oral HPV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Research, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
authors.forename: Kang Mei
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Josena K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Stephen
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ghanem
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stachler
authors.forename: Glendon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: Lamont
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Vanessa P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Schweitzer
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Divine
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Worsham
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000821:virology; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007830:Larynx / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012463:Saliva / Q000821:virology; D014481:United States; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D004247:DNA