title: Prognostic significance and targeting of HER family in colorectal cancer.
abstract: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths. At present, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) cetuximab and panitumumab and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mAb bevacizumab have been incorporated into treatment paradigms for patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. However, many patients simply do not respond to these treatments or eventually acquire resistance following a short course therapy. In this article, we review the literature for studies on the expression patterns, prognostic significance and predictive value of HER (also called erbB) family members and other factors for response to therapy with the HER inhibitors in colorectal cancer. We discuss some of the advances, challenges as well as future opportunities for more effective targeting of the HER receptors using a cocktail of HER inhibitors (e.g. dual and pan HER TKIs, monospecific or bispecific antibodies) in combination with other therapeutic interventions.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Said Abdullah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khelwatty
authors.forename: Sharadah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Essapen
authors.forename: Alan Michael
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Seddon
authors.forename: Helmout
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Modjtahedi
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000068818:Cetuximab; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000077156:Gefitinib; D006801:Humans; D000077544:Panitumumab; D011379:Prognosis; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D020893:Receptor, ErbB-3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D066247:Receptor, ErbB-4; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000068818:Cetuximab; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D000077156:Gefitinib; D000077544:Panitumumab; D011799:Quinazolines; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D020893:Receptor, ErbB-3; D066247:Receptor, ErbB-4; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C527969:necitumumab; C587689:ERBB4 protein, human