title: Consumption patterns of sweetened food and drink products in a Catholic Middle Eastern Canadian community.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study describes the consumption patterns of sweetened food and drink products in a Catholic Middle Eastern Canadian community and examines its associations with physical activity, sedentary behaviours and BMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  A two-stage cross-sectional design was used. In Stage 1 (n 42), 24 h recalls enabled the identification of sweetened products. In Stage 2 (n 192), an FFQ was administered to measure the daily consumption of these products and to collect sociodemographic and behavioural data. Sweetened products were defined as processed culinary ingredients and ultra-processed products for which total sugar content exceeded 20% of total energy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three Catholic Middle Eastern churches located in Montreal, Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normoglycaemic men and women (18-60 years old).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six sweetened products represented an average consumption of 75·4 g total sugars/d or 15·1% of daily energy intake (n 190, 56% women). Soft drinks, juices, sweetened coffee, chocolate, cookies, cakes and muffins were the main sources of consumption and mostly consumed between meals. Age (exp (β) = 0·99; P < 0·01), physical activity (exp (β) = 1·08; P < 0·01) and recreational computer use (exp (β) = 1·17; P < 0·01) were independently associated with sweetened product consumption. The association between sweetened product consumption and physical activity was U-shaped. BMI was not significantly associated with sweetened product consumption but all participants regardless of BMI were above the WHO recommendation for free sugars.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Being physically active and spending less time using a computer may favour a reduced consumption of sweetened products. Very active individuals may, however, overconsume such products.
authors.affiliation: 1 Núcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutricão e Saúde, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, 01255-000, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Moubarac
authors.affiliation: 3 Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Receveur
authors.affiliation: 4 School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cargo
authors.affiliation: 4 School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daniel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002170:Canada; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D013549:Sweetening Agents