title: Protective effect of mannan oligosaccharides against early colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis in chicks is improved by higher dietary threonine levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) and threonine effects on performance, small intestine morphology and Salmonella spp. counts in Salmonella Enteritidis-challenged birds.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-day-old chicks (1d) were distributed into five treatments: nonchallenged animals fed basal diet (RB-0), animals fed basal diet and infected with Salmonella Enteritidis (RB-I), animals fed high level of threonine and infected (HT-I), birds fed basal diet with MOS and infected (MOS-I), birds fed high level of threonine and MOS and infected (HT+MOS-I). Birds were inoculated at 2d with Salmonella Enteritidis, except RB-0 birds. Chicks fed higher dietary threonine and MOS showed performance similar to RB-0 and intestinal morphology recovery at 8 dpi. Salmonella counts and the number of Salmonella-positive animals were lower in HT+MOS-I compared with other challenged groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mannan oligosaccharides and threonine act synergistically, resulting in improved intestinal environment and recovery after Salmonella inoculation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nutritional approaches may be useful to prevent Salmonella infection in the first week and putative carcass contamination at slaughter. This is the first report on the possible synergistic effect of mannan oligosaccharides and threonine, and further studies should be performed including performance, microbiota evaluation, composition of intestinal mucins and immune assessment.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Areia, PB, Brazil.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: F G P
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: J H V
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: T D D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Figueiredo-Lima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macari
authors.forename: C J B
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: P E N
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Givisiez
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis; D013912:Threonine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008351:Mannans; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D013912:Threonine