title: Gene-for-gene relationship in the host-pathogen system Malus × robusta 5-Erwinia amylovora.
abstract: Fire blight is a destructive bacterial disease caused by Erwinia amylovora affecting plants in the family Rosaceae, including apple. Host resistance to fire blight is present mainly in accessions of Malus spp. and is thought to be quantitative in this pathosystem. In this study we analyzed the importance of the E. amylovora effector avrRpt2(EA) , a homolog of Pseudomonas syringae avrRpt2, for resistance of Malus × robusta 5 (Mr5). The deletion mutant E. amylovora Ea1189ΔavrRpt2(EA) was able to overcome the fire blight resistance of Mr5. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), resulting in an exchange of cysteine to serine in the encoded protein, was detected in avrRpt2(EA) of several Erwinia strains differing in virulence to Mr5. E. amylovora strains encoding serine (S-allele) were able to overcome resistance of Mr5, whereas strains encoding cysteine (C-allele) were not. Allele specificity was also observed in a coexpression assay with Arabidopsis thaliana RIN4 in Nicotiana benthamiana. A homolog of RIN4 has been detected and isolated in Mr5. These results suggest a system similar to the interaction of RPS2 from A. thaliana and AvrRpt2 from P. syringae with RIN4 as guard. Our data are suggestive of a gene-for-gene relationship for the host-pathogen system Mr5 and E. amylovora.
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural and Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural and Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wöhner
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484, Quedlinburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural and Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Henryk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flachowsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Sundin
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Schwabenheimer Straße101, 69221, Dossenheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wensing
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Savory
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Schwabenheimer Straße101, 69221, Dossenheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Geider
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Day
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural and Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Magda-Viola
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Hanke
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural and Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, D-01326, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peil
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D044084:Erwinia amylovora / Q000502:physiology*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology*; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000502:physiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D027845:Malus / Q000382:microbiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017354:Point Mutation; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C453279:RIN4 protein, Arabidopsis