title: Proteomic analysis of platelets treated with gamma irradiation versus a commercial photochemical pathogen reduction technology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several strategies are currently being tested to reduce the risk of pathogen transmission associated with platelet (PLT) transfusion. Within the framework of the Italian Platelet Technology Assessment Study, we investigated the variations of the protein profiles (proteomics) of apheresis PLT concentrates (PCs) upon treatment with riboflavin and ultraviolet (UV) light (Mirasol; 6.24 J/mL; 280-400 nm).
  
  
  METHODS
  Control, gamma-irradiated, and Mirasol-treated apheresis PCs were assayed on Days 1 and 5 of storage by means of gel-based analytical approaches (two-dimensional gel electrophoresis) and mass spectrometry-based identification of significant (p < 0.05 analysis of variance) differential proteins. Supernatants were then assayed for metabolism and oxidative stress-related metabolites through multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only a handful of modifications could be observed in the PLT proteome profiles in response to the Mirasol treatment, which included proteins involved in oxidative stress responses, PLT metabolism, and activation. Results confirmed increased metabolic rate and oxidative stress in the supernatants of treated PLTs (both gamma irradiated and Mirasol treated).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From this investigation, it emerges that, from a proteomics standpoint, gamma irradiation results in the acceleration of PLT storage lesions and the Mirasol treatment only moderately exacerbates these phenomena.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marrocco
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Alessandro
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Girelli
authors.forename: Lello
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zolla
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D058731:Blood Safety / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D020543:Proteome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D040901:Proteomics; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D020543:Proteome; D012256:Riboflavin