title: In vitro evaluation of halogen light-activated vs chemically activated in-office bleaching systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the tooth whitening efficacy, temperature and HP concentration changes induced by halogen light-activated and chemically activated in-office bleaching systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four extracted premolars were randomly divided into two groups (n = 12): Group BL (35% HP with halogen light activation) and Group OP (38% HP with chemical activation). Tooth color was measured by a spectrophotometer according to the CIE L*a*b* color space system. Temperatures of bleaching gels and pulp chambers during the bleaching process were monitored and recorded by a digital multimeter with K-type thermocouple. HP concentrations were tested before and after treatments by iodometry. ANOVA and paired t-test were used for statistical analyses at the significance of p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tooth whitening resulted in the increase of ΔL* and ΔE and reduction of Δb*. Paired t-tests revealed groups BL had greater ΔE than group OP, however, there was no statistically significant difference in ΔE between them after 3 weeks post-treatment. Maximal temperature rise (ΔT) was found only in group BL, showing the increment of 2.55 and 2.02°C for bleaching gels and pulp chambers, respectively. HP concentrations were higher than baseline values for group OP (p < 0.001) rather than group BL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Halogen light and chemically activated in-office bleaching systems were both effective for tooth whitening, but halogen light activation could improve the immediate whitening effect. In contrast, chemical activation was a more conservative method due to the little temperature rise in pulp chambers.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR, China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sa
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Wenzhong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Zhejun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yining
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D006219:Halogens; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008027:Light; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006219:Halogens