title: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in peritoneal effluent: evaluation in peritoneal dialysis patients in basal condition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present study, we assessed expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in peritoneal effluent (pNGAL) from peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, and we evaluated factors that might affect its level in basal conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our cross-sectional study included all 69 patients on PD at our institution. We evaluated patient history, hydration status, residual renal function, indices of dialysis adequacy, peritoneal transport type, serum C-reactive protein, ferritin, serum NGAL (sNGAL) and pNGAL. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate predictors of pNGAL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the study patients, 39 (56.5%) were men, and 54 (78.3%) were on continuous ambulatory PD. Median age in the group was 61 years [interquartile range (IQR): 46.5 - 71 years]. Median sNGAL was 487 ng/mL (IQR: 407 - 586 ng/mL), and median pNGAL was 35 ng/mL (IQR: 21 - 46 ng/mL). dNGAL correlated directly with weekly dialytic clearance of creatinine (ρ = 0.291, p = 0.02) and with sNGAL (ρ = 0.269, p = 0.031). The same variables were also independent predictors of pNGAL (β = 0.30 and 0.29 respectively, both p < 0.05) in multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our analysis, basal levels of pNGAL were influenced by sNGAL and by dialytic clearance of creatinine.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, St. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy. francesca.martino.k@gmail.com
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: Ilenia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Filippi
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giavarina
authors.forename: Gianpaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Amici
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Cal
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaushik
authors.forename: Maria Pia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Rodighiero
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crepaldi
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ronco
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D005293:Ferritins
keywords: NGAL; biomarkers; peritoneal effluent