title: Lymphocytes and B-cell abnormalities in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary antibody deficiency characterised by decreased antibody production and low or normal B-cell numbers. To elucidate the clinical and immunological heterogeneity of CVID, we studied 16 patients diagnosed with CVID.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed B, T and NK cell populations. We also assessed CD27 expression to define B-cell subsets and examined the expression of molecules important in B-cell proliferation and differentiation, such as the transmembrane activator and CALM interactor (TACI), inducible costimulator (ICOS), CD154 and CD40.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed reduced B and T-cell numbers in CVID patients; this reduction was more pronounced in adults. While one group of patients (group I) showed a significant reduction in CD27+ memory B-cells, another group (group II) of patients exhibited numbers of CD27+ memory B-cells similar to the healthy donor. The frequency of B-cells and T-cells expressing CD40 and ICOS, respectively, was significantly lower in all CVID patients compared with healthy donors. Finally, a correlation between the frequency of CD27+ memory B-cells and clinical features was observed in CVID patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that in some patients, the combined defects in both T and B-cells may account for CVID. Additionally, patients in group I exhibited an increased frequency of pneumonia and chronic diarrhoea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, IPN, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, Colonia Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico DF, Mexico; Immunodeficiency Research Unit, National Institute of Pediatrics SSA, Avenida Insurgentes Sur # 3700-C, Colonia Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratory of Immunochemistry I, National School of Biological Sciences, IPN, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Colonia Santo Tomas, 11340 Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berrón-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, IPN, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, Colonia Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico DF, Mexico; Immunodeficiency Research Unit, National Institute of Pediatrics SSA, Avenida Insurgentes Sur # 3700-C, Colonia Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: López-Herrera
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, IPN, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, Colonia Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vargas-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Medical Center "La Raza", IMSS, Avenida Vallejo s/n esquina Jacarandas, Colonia La Raza, 02200 Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mogica-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunochemistry I, National School of Biological Sciences, IPN, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Colonia Santo Tomas, 11340 Mexico DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Latorre
authors.affiliation: Immunodeficiency Research Unit, National Institute of Pediatrics SSA, Avenida Insurgentes Sur # 3700-C, Colonia Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Blancas-Galicia
authors.affiliation: Immunodeficiency Research Unit, National Institute of Pediatrics SSA, Avenida Insurgentes Sur # 3700-C, Colonia Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Espinosa-Rosales
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, IPN, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, Colonia Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico DF, Mexico. Electronic address: lesantos@cinvestav.mx.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santos-Argumedo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017074:Common Variable Immunodeficiency / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D060889:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D053303:Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019013:CD40 Antigens; C556692:ICOS protein, human; D060889:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein; C108467:TNFRSF13B protein, human; D053303:Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7; D023201:CD40 Ligand
keywords: CD154; CD40; CVID; ICOS; Memory B-cells; TACI