title: Surveillance for antiviral resistance.
abstract: In the 10 years since licensure of neuraminidase inhibitor drugs, their use has steadily increased, especially during the pandemic of 2009. Experience now indicates that factors which influence the emergence of high level resistance include the nature of drug binding to target, viral subtype, the use of post exposure prophylaxis and a lack of immunity in the host as seen in children and immunocompromised individuals. These factors point towards targetted surveillance programmes for the early identification of transmissible drug resistance.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Services Division: Colindale, Health Protection Agency, London, UK. maria.zambon@hpa.org.uk
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Zambon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000187:drug effects; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009439:Neuraminidase