title: Change in penile length in children: preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies of penile length in children have been rarely conducted. In Korea, great improvements in height and weight have been observed because of economic development over the past 25 years. We investigated the current status of penile length in Korean children and compared the results with those of a previous Korean study conducted in 1987.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects in this study were 233 boys aged 1 to 158 months, each of whom had been brought to outpatient clinics between April and October 2011. Penile length was measured according to the stretched penile length (SPL) technique; testicular size was measured (in ml) by using orchidometry. A comparison of penile lengths between the current study and the 1987 study was made by using Student's t-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SPL increased significantly by 0.7 to 1.1 cm in most age groups (p<0.05). Current anthropometric measures of Korean children such as height, body weight, and testicular size have increased compared with those from 1987.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Penile length has increased significantly over the last quarter century. Therefore, it is suggested that novel reference values for penile length in prepubertal Korean children be determined in studies with a larger community-based population in order to diagnose and treat size-related penile disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Joong Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Seung Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun Ho
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Dong Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Kun Suk
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.forename: Seonghun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Sang Hyeon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.forename: Sungchan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
keywords: Anthropometry; Child; Penis