title: [Sediment heavy metals quality criteria for fresh waters based on biological effect database approach].
abstract: Heavy metals are the important pollutants in sediments, which can cause serious damage to benthonic organisms and aquatic ecology, while biological effect database approach (BEDA) is a widely used method for assessing sediment quality in developed countries or regions. This paper introduced the concrete steps of this approach, and built the sediment quality criteria of five heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni) for fresh waters. The comparability, reliability, and predictability of the criteria were also tested. It was shown that the threshold effect level (TEL) of the Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cu was 3.0, 31.4, 47.3, 74.9, and 45.5 mg x kg(-1) dry mass, and the probable effect level (PEL) of the Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cu was 19, 76.9, 204.1, 403.6, and 181.1 mg x kg(-1) dry mass basis, respectively. Except for Zn, the TEL and PEL for the Cu, Cd, Pb, and Ni were consistent with the definitional biological effect of the heavy metals, being accor-dance with the demands of sediment quality criteria for protecting benthic organisms and having high reliability, and thus, could be used as the proposed sediment quality criteria for fresh waters in China.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation & Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. shirley_0828@163.com
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wen-Jue
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Ling-Yan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005618:Fresh Water; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D060753:Water Quality / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical