title: Noise-induced Outer Hair Cells' Dysfunction and Cochlear Damage in Rabbits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Outer hair cells' (OHCs') dysfunctions as the extent of temporary and permanent threshold shifts (TTS and PTS) and cochlear damage were assessed in rabbits exposed to continuous noise
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were studied in noise (N) (n=6; exposed to continuous noise; 95 dB SPL, 500-8000 Hz for 8 h per day during 5 consecutive days) and control (C) (n=6; not exposed to noise). OHCs' functions were assessed by distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) level (Ldp) measurements in different periods and comparing TTS and PTS. Animals were anaesthetized by CO2; cochleae were extracted, fixed in 10% formaldehyde for 48 hours, decalcified by 10% nitric acid for 24 hours, and dehydrated, embedded, sectioned 5 µm thickness and stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin for light microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most and least Ldp or TTS or PTS were related to 5888.50 Hz and 588.00 Hz respectively in noise subjected rabbits (P<0.05). TTS and PTS were decreased up to 17.79 dB and to 16.01 dB respectively. TTS were more than PTS over all test frequencies, especially at 5888.50 Hz (P<0.05). Ldp or TTS or PTS were found to be equal across ears (P>0.05). Severely vacuolated OHCs, pyknotic IHCs, swollen SC, and slightly thickened BM were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous noise extensively led to OHCs' dysfunctions as decreased Ldp (both TTS and PTS) and highly damage to cochlea.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Occupational Health, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Moussavi-Najarkola
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khavanin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salehnia
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muhammadnejad
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akbari
keywords: Cochlear damage; Distortion product Otoacoustic emissions; Noise-induced Hearing Loss; Outer hair cells' function