title: Clinical significance of overexpressed cyclin-dependent kinase subunits 1 and 2 in esophageal carcinoma.
abstract: The mammalian cyclin-dependent kinase subunit (Cks) family has two members, Cks1 and Cks2. Overexpression of Cks1 and Cks2 has been reported to be associated with high aggressiveness and poor prognosis in several malignancies, including prostate and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, whether Cks1 and Cks2 are overexpressed in esophageal carcinoma remains uncharacterized. To investigate whether overexpression of the Cks family is clinically relevant in esophageal carcinoma, and whether expression patterns of Cks1 and Cks2 can serve as biomarkers for esophageal carcinoma. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analyses were applied to detect the expression of Cks1 and Cks2 at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. The associations between Cks1 or Cks2 expressions and clinical features and p27(kip1) expressions in esophageal carcinoma were analyzed. Comparing with the adjacent noncancerous tissues, esophageal carcinoma exhibited elevated expression of Cks1 in 58% cases at the mRNA level and 54% cases at the protein level, and elevated expression of Cks2 in 65% cases at the mRNA level and 61% cases at the protein level, respectively. The expressions of both Cks1 and Cks2 were negatively associated with the p27(kip1) protein level in the tumor tissues. Furthermore, overexpression of Cks1 and Cks2 in esophageal carcinoma was closely associated with poor pathological features of esophageal carcinoma, including higher histologic grade of tumor, regional lymph nodes invasion, and neoplastic embolus. Overexpression of Cks1 and Cks2 is associated with the aggressive tumor behaviors of esophageal carcinoma. Further efforts are needed to determine whether overexpression of Cks1 and Cks2 can serve as novel biomarkers for esophageal carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
authors.forename: J-J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Z-X
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: H-M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: M-J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: H-B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Z-Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: C093090:CKS1B protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; C083689:CKS2 protein, human
keywords: Cks1; Cks2; esophageal carcinoma; p27kip1