title: Validity and reliability of the Spanish sign language version of the KIDSCREEN-27 health-related quality of life questionnaire for use in deaf children and adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this paper was to test the validity and reliability of a Spanish sign language (SSL) adaptation of KIDSCREEN-27, a health-related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaire for use in deaf children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed an observational cross-sectional study of 114 deaf children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years old. The Spanish version of the KIDSCREEN-27 was adapted to SSL through the translation-back translation technique. The adapted questionnaire was then administered using a web tool to ensure complete access to study participants. Floor and ceiling effects were calculated. Structural and cultural validity were tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's α was used to assess internal consistency. The questionnaire was administered for a second time to the entire sample after 2 to 4 weeks (test-retest reliability).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the SSL version of the KIDSCREEN-27, as in the original Spanish scale, five dimensions explained 59% of the variance. None of the participants obtained the minimum or maximum scores on the scale (floor and ceiling effect, respectively). Confirmatory factor analysis showed the goodness-of-fit of the factor solution with five dimensions of the SSL version. The Cronbach's α of both the total scale and of each of the distinct dimensions was above 0.75. The intra-class correlation coefficient of the test-retest scale was considered acceptable in all the dimensions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reliability and validity of the SSL version of the KIDSCREEN-27 are similar to those of the original Spanish version, providing a new tool for measuring HRQoL in deaf children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain.
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pardo-Guijarro
authors.forename: Bencie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Woll
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moya-Martínez
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez-Andrés
authors.forename: Eugenio Enrique
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Cortés-Ramírez
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martínez-Vizcaíno
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003638:Deafness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012813:Sign Language; D013030:Spain; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud; Cross-cultural validity/adaptation; Cuestionario KIDSCREEN-27; Deaf children and adolescents; Health-related quality of life; KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire; Lengua de signos española; Niños y adolescentes sordos; Spanish sign language; Validación/adaptación transcultural