title: Preoperative routine evaluation of bilateral adrenal glands by endoscopic ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration in patients with potentially resectable lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study was to assess the detection rate of the right adrenal gland and the diagnostic ability of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) for the diagnosis of adrenal metastasis in potentially resectable lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective cohort study included a consecutive series of 150 patients undergoing EUS/EUS - FNA for staging of lung cancer. The detection rate of the right adrenal gland by EUS and the diagnostic accuracies of computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT), and EUS/EUS - FNA for the diagnosis of adrenal metastasis were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The right adrenal gland was visualized by EUS in 131 patients (87.3 %); the left adrenal gland was visualized in all patients. Findings suggestive of metastasis in either one of the adrenal glands or in both were observed in 6 patients (4.0 %) by CT, in 5 patients (3.3 %) by PET-CT, and in 11 patients (7.3 %) by EUS. EUS - FNA was performed simultaneously in the 11 patients, and in 4 patients the diagnosis of metastasis was established. The accuracy for the diagnosis of adrenal metastasis was 100 % for EUS/EUS - FNA, 96.0 % for CT, and 97.0 % for PET-CT (P = 0.1146).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As well as the left adrenal gland, the right adrenal gland was also usually visible by EUS. EUS/EUS - FNA provided an accurate diagnosis of adrenal metastasis, although the prevalence of adrenal metastasis was relatively low in these patients with potentially resectable lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moriwaki
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D061765:Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed