title: Oligodendrocyte precursors induce early blood-brain barrier opening after white matter injury.
abstract: Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are thought to maintain homeostasis and contribute to long-term repair in adult white matter; however, their roles in the acute phase after brain injury remain unclear. Mice that were subjected to prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion stress developed white matter demyelination over time. Prior to demyelination, we detected increased MMP9 expression, blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and neutrophil infiltration in damaged white matter. Notably, at this early stage, OPCs made up the majority of MMP9-expressing cells. The standard MMP inhibitor GM6001 reduced the early BBB leakage and neutrophil infiltration, indicating that OPC-derived MMP9 induced early BBB disruption after white matter injury. Cell-culture experiments confirmed that OPCs secreted MMP9 under pathological conditions, and conditioned medium prepared from the stressed OPCs weakened endothelial barrier tightness in vitro. Our study reveals that OPCs can rapidly respond to white matter injury and produce MMP9 that disrupts the BBB, indicating that OPCs may mediate injury in white matter under disease conditions.
authors.affiliation: Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Ji Hae
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Nobukazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Loc-Duyen D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Takakuni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: Cenk
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ayata
authors.forename: Kyu-Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eng H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arai
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004151:Dipeptides; C078131:N-(2(R)-2-(hydroxamidocarbonylmethyl)-4-methylpentanoyl)-L-tryptophan methylamide; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C501830:Mmp9 protein, mouse