title: Study of Clinical Profile and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern in Culture-positive Typhoid Fever Cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Salmonella enteric serotype Typhi has created a significant therapeutic problem as these strains have developed resistance to the commonly used antimicrobials for the treatment of typhoid fever.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the clinical profile and sensitivity patterns to anti-typhoid drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of 106 culture-positive typhoid cases admitted in a tertiary care hospital during the years 2005-2008.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Records of 106 patients were evaluated, 83 (78.3%) males and 23 (21.7%) females. Fever was present in all patients. Headache in 63 (59.4%) patients and generalized body ache in 53 (32.5%) patients were the most common symptoms, while spleenomegaly in 47 (44.3%) patients and hepatomegaly in 42 (39.6%) patients were the common presenting signs. A maximum sensitivity of 96.6% was observed with cephalosporins, whereas a resistance of 29.2% was seen with fluoroquinolones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high degree of sensitivity was noted to chloramphenicol, ampicillin and sulphonamides, showing a trend of roll-back of sensitivity to conventional antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Ashwini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Vinay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pandit
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.forename: Chythra R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pattanshetty
authors.forename: Charmaine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Samarasinghe
keywords: Antibiotic sensitivity; clinical profile; typhoid fever