title: Protective effect of Lygodium flexuosum (family: Lygodiaceae) against excision, incision and dead space wounds models in experimental rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lygodium flexuosum (Linn) Sw. is a climbing fern, and it is the sole genus in the family Lygodiaceae. It commonly grows epiphytically on moss covered tree trunks and branches as lithophytes on shady boulders along with moss. It has been reported as a traditional folkloric medicine for a variety of ailments particularly useful for carbuncles, inflammation, ulcer, various respiratory diseases, general disorders, muscle sprains and acts as panacea for wounds. However, there are no scientific reports on wound healing activity of the plant L. flexuosum (Linn) Sw.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore the protective effect of L. flexuosum against excision, incision and dead space wounds models in experimental rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar albino rats of either sex weighing between 180 and 220 g were topically treated with extract formulated in ointment using simple ointment BP as base. Ointments, 4% and 5% (w/w), were applied once daily in excision wound model. L. flexuosum ethanolic extract was given orally at a dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg in incision and dead space wound healing models. Rats of standard groups were treated with 0.2% nitrofurazone ointment topically. The percentage wound contraction, epithelization time in excision wound model; breaking strength in incision wound model and wet and dry granulation weight, hydroxyproline content were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Topical application of L. flexuosum in excision wound model increased the percentage of wound contraction, and the epithelization time was decreased. In the incision wound model, the breaking strength of wounds increased and in dead space model the weight of dry and wet granuloma of wounds and hydroxyproline was increased. Conclusively, the data of present study indicated that the leaf extract of L. flexuosum accelerated wound healing in rats and thus supports its traditional use.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Delhi Road (NH-24), Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Phool
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Delhi Road (NH-24), Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Esha
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Delhi Road (NH-24), Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Munesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mani
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Delhi Road (NH-24), Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ashoke Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Delhi Road (NH-24), Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India neetuphool@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Neetu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sachan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D029624:Ferns / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D009824:Ointments; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D009824:Ointments; D010840:Phytosterols; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Lygodiaceae; Lygodium flexuosum; Wound; dead space wound model; excision wound model; incision wound model