title: [Anti-mycobacteria drugs therapy for periductal mastitis with fistula].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the etiology, clinical and pathologic characteristics of periductal mastitis with fistula and estimate the effect of anti-mycobacterial agents for periductal mastitis with fistula.
  
  
  METHODS
  Totally 27 patients of periductal mastitis with fistula received anti-mycobacteria drugs therapy from December 2008 to September 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. All of the patients were female. The mean age at onset was 28 years (range 15 to 40 years old). The main clinical manifestation of the 27 patients was breast fistula, including 21 patients with single fistula and 6 patients with multiple fistula. Three patients manifested with pure fistula, 14 patients with both fistula and lump, 10 patients with fistula, lump and abscess. The samples including pus or tissues of all patients were underwent bacteria culture and all patients core needle biopsy. All patients were given primary anti-mycobacteria drugs therapy, parts of patients received surgery based on the evaluation of medical treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The common bacteria culture of all patients failed to demonstrate any causative microorganism. Four cases were selected randomly to undergo PCR of mycobacteria, only one case was identified as Massiliense in bacteria culture of mycobacteria. Twenty-seven patients with periductal mastitis with fistula were treated with anti-mycobacterial agents (isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol or pyrazinamide of triple oral drugs) for 1 to 3 months, the fistula of all 27 patients were closed well. Sixteen patients were treated with the agents only and cured. Eleven patients received surgical treatment after treated with the medical agents. None of the patients were given mastectomy. All patients had no reccurence until now.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The periductal mastitis with fistula has a closely relationship with the infection of nontuberculosis mycobacteria. Those patients could be treated with triple anti-mycobacterial agents and could also avoided mastectomy.
authors.affiliation: Breast Disease Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangdong 510010, China.
authors.forename: Hai-jing
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian-min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhen-qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: An-qin
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wen-ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Cai-xia
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hong-yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: You-xng
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005402:Fistula / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008413:Mastitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011718:Pyrazinamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D011718:Pyrazinamide; D004977:Ethambutol; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin