title: Latent profile analysis to determine the typology of disinhibited eating behaviors in children and adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We used latent profile analysis (LPA) to classify children and adolescents into subtypes based on the overlap of disinhibited eating behaviors-eating in the absence of hunger, emotional eating, and subjective and objective binge eating.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 411 youths (8-18 years) from the community who reported on their disinhibited eating patterns. A subset (n = 223) ate ad libitum from two test meals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LPA produced five subtypes that were most prominently distinguished by objective binge eating (OBE; n = 53), subjective binge eating (SBE; n = 59), emotional eating (EE; n = 62), a mix of emotional eating and eating in the absence of hunger (EE-EAH; n = 172), and no disinhibited eating (No-DE; n = 64). Accounting for age, sex, race, and body mass index z score (BMI-z), the four disinhibited eating groups had more problem behaviors than the no disinhibited eating group (p = .001). OBE and SBE subtypes had greater BMI-z, percent fat mass, disordered eating attitudes, and trait anxiety than EE, EE-EAH, and No-DE subtypes (ps < .01). However, the OBE subtype reported the highest eating concern (p < .001), and the OBE, SBE, and EE subtypes reported higher depressive symptoms than the EE-EAH and No-DE subtypes. Across both test meals, OBE and SBE subtypes consumed a lesser percentage of protein and a higher percentage of carbohydrate than the other subtypes (ps < .02), adjusting for age, sex, race, height, lean mass, percent fat mass, and total intake. EE subtypes also consumed a greater percentage of carbohydrate and a lower percentage of fat than the EE-EAH and No-DE subtypes (ps < .03). The SBE subtype consumed the least total calories (p = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that behavioral subtypes of disinhibited eating may be distinguished by psychological characteristics and objective eating behavior. Prospective data are required to determine whether subtypes predict the onset of eating disorders and obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vannucci
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanofsky-Kraff
authors.forename: Ross D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Crosby
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ranzenhofer
authors.forename: Lauren B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Shomaker
authors.forename: Sara E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Field
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mooreville
authors.forename: Samantha A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Reina
authors.forename: Merel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kozlosky
authors.forename: Susan Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Yanovski
authors.forename: Jack A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Yanovski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical