title: Investigating endothelial activation and oxidative stress in relation to glycaemic control in a multiethnic population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An exploration of ethnic differences in measures of oxidative stress and endothelial activation in relation to known cardiovascular risk factors within South Asians (SA) and White Europeans (WE) residing in the UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  202 participants within a UK multiethnic population provided biomedical and anthropometric data. Human urinary 2,3-dinor-8-iso-prostaglandin-F1α and plasma ICAM-1 were quantified as measures of oxidative stress and endothelial activation, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2,3-Dinor-8-iso-prostaglandin-F1α levels were significantly higher in the SA group compared to WE group (10.36 (95% CI: 9.09, 11.79) versus 8.46 (7.71, 9.29), P = 0.021) after adjustment for age, gender, smoking status, body weight, HbA1c, and medication. Oxidative stress was positively associated with HbA1c (β = 1.08, 95% CI:1.02, 1.14, P = 0.009), fasting (β = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10, P = 0.002), and 2 hr glucose (β = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.04, P = 0.052). In each adjusted model, SA continued to have elevated levels of oxidative stress compared to WE. ICAM-1 levels were significantly higher in the composite IGR group compared to the normoglycaemic group (P < 0.001). No ethnic differences in ICAM-1 were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that SA are more susceptible to the detrimental effects of hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress at lower blood glucose thresholds than WE. Further research into the potential mechanisms involved is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes Research, University Hospitals of Leicester, NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK. emer.brady@uhl-tr.nhs.uk
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khunti
authors.forename: D S C
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Talbot
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sattar
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D028421:Isoprostanes / Q000652:urine; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012307:Risk Factors; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D028421:Isoprostanes; C492917:8-isoprostaglandin F1alpha; C573420:ICAM1 protein, human; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human