title: [Effects of long-term fertilization on organic carbon functional groups in black soil as revealed by synchrotron radiation soft X-ray near-edge absorption spectroscopy].
abstract: A 20 years (1984-2004) stationary field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of long-term application of chemical fertilizers (N or NPK) alone or in combination with low (0.125 kg x hm(-2)) or high dose of corn stalk (0.25 kg x hm(-2)) on organic carbon functional groups in black soil using synchrotron radiation soft X-ray near-edge absorption spectroscopy (C-1s NEXAFS). Compared with the control (CK) treatment, the aromatic C and the carboxyl C of soil increased, whereas the aliphatic C, the carbonyl C and the aliphatic C/aromatic C ratio decreased after the application of chemical fertilizer alone. After the application of chemical fertilizations in combined with corn stalk, the aromatic C decreased while the aliphatic C and the aliphatic C/aromatic C ratio increased as compared to N or NPK fertilizer treatment. And the change tendency was more obvious with the increase in the dose of corn stalk applied. Regardless of corn stalk application, the aromatic C, the aliphatic C, and the aliphatic C/aromatic C ratio were all higher for NPK than for N fertilizer treatment. The above results indicated that, compared with the no-fertilizer control treatment, the application of chemical fertilizers alone resulted in the relative proportion of aromatic compounds increased whereas that of aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds decreased. On the other hand, the relative proportion of the aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds was higher after the application of chemical fertilizers with than without corn stalk, with high than with low dose of corn stalk, and with NPK than with N fertilization. C-1s NEXAFS spectroscopy could characterize in situ the changes of organic carbon functional groups in soil under long-term stationary fertilization.
authors.affiliation: College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China. wangnan424@126.com
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing-He
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Pei-Bo
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Cui-Lan
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jin-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yi-Dong
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D017753:Ecosystem; D005308:Fertilizers; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D017356:Synchrotrons; D013997:Time Factors; D056928:X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012987:Soil; D002244:Carbon