title: A review: treatment of Alzheimer's disease discovered in repurposed agents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Many compounds that have already been approved for alternate diagnoses have been studied in relation to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this review is to summarize these studies and discuss the rationale and benefits of repurposing drugs for AD treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies of drugs related to AD treatment that were relevant to a disease-modifying mechanism of action (MOA) and are already approved by the Food and Drug Administration for non-AD diagnoses were collected from PubMed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Many drugs already approved for the treatment of other diseases have been studied in relation to AD treatment. Numerous drugs with known toxicity profiles have the potential to be repurposed as a treatment for AD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Known MOA, toxicology, and pharmacodynamic profiles would accelerate the process and increase the odds of finding a more timely disease-modifying treatment for AD.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Brian S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Appleby
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nacopoulos
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Milano
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cummings
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009538:Nicotine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D009538:Nicotine; D008751:Methylene Blue