title: Anthropometric characteristics and risk of lymphoid and myeloid leukemia in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Overweight and obesity have been suggested as a risk factor for leukemia. Impaired immune function associated with obesity, increased insulin-like growth factor-I activity and stimulating effects of leptin suggest a possible biological link between anthropometric measures and leukemia. However, evidence from epidemiological studies has been inconsistent. We examined the potential association between prospective measurements of body size and risk of leukemia among participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
  
  
  METHODS
  During follow-up (mean = 11.52 years, standard deviation = 2.63), 671 leukemia (lymphoid leukemia = 50.1 %, myeloid leukemia = 43.2 %) cases were identified. Anthropometric measures including weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured. Cox proportional hazard models were used to explore the association between anthropometric measures and risk of leukemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No associations were observed between anthropometric measures and total leukemia, and lymphoid leukemia. Risk of myeloid leukemia significantly increased for higher categories of BMI and WC among women. Analyses by subtype of myeloid leukemia showed an increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for higher categories of WHR among women. This association seemed to be reversed for chronic myeloid leukemia. No association between anthropometric measures and myeloid leukemia were observed among men except an increased risk of AML with height.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed no associations between anthropometric measures and total leukemia, and lymphoid leukemia among men and women. A possible association between BMI as general obesity and WC as abdominal obesity and increased risk of myeloid leukemia among women were observed.
authors.affiliation: Division Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Jenalaan 18D, PO Box 80178, 3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands. saberi.fatemeh@gmail.com
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saberi Hosnijeh
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romieu
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: Elio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riboli
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjønneland
authors.forename: Jytte
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Halkjær
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fagherazzi
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Clavel-Chapelon
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dossus
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lukanova
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaaks
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trichopoulou
authors.forename: Pagona
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lagiou
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katsoulis
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panico
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tagliabue
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonet
authors.forename: Miren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dorronsoro
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Huerta
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ardanaz
authors.forename: Maria-José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Dorthe
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.forename: Signe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Borgquist
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: H Bas
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Bueno-de-Mesquita
authors.forename: Martine M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ros
authors.forename: Ruth C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Travis
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Key
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vineis
authors.forename: Roel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vermeulen
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors