title: Self-management, health service use and information seeking for diabetes care among recent immigrants in Toronto.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our objective was to explore self-management practices, health services use and information-seeking for type 2 diabetes care among adult men and women from four recent immigrant communities in Toronto.
  
  
  METHODS
  A structured questionnaire was adapted for the Canadian context and translated into 4 languages. A total of 184 participants with type 2 diabetes-130 recent immigrants and 54 Canadian-born-were recruited in both community and hospital settings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent immigrants were significantly less likely than the Canadian-born group to perform regular blood glucose and foot checks and significantly more likely than the Canadian-born group to be non-smokers, participate in regular physical activity and reduce dietary fat. Recent immigrants were significantly less likely than the Canadian-born group to use a specialist, alternative provider and dietician and less likely to report using dieticians, nurses and diabetes organizations as sources of diabetes-related information. Important differences were observed by sex and country of origin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that diabetes prevention and management strategies for recent immigrants must address linguistic, financial, informational and systemic barriers to information and care.
authors.affiliation: Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. i.hyman@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hyman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Patychuk
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zaidi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kljujic
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Shakya
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rummens
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Creatore
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vissandjee
mesh_terms: D001459:Bangladesh / Q000208:ethnology; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy*; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000517:prevention & control; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D057226:Information Seeking Behavior; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D010154:Pakistan / Q000208:ethnology; D012648:Self Care; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013188:Sri Lanka / Q000208:ethnology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires