title: A simulated eye for vitreous surgery using Japanese quail eggs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We produced a simulated eye for vitreous surgery training by using Japanese quail eggs, and verified its utility.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a special cutter to cut off the sharp end of a Japanese quail egg, fitted a silicone simulated sclerocorneal cap to the exposed area, and fixed the egg to a base. Trocars were placed in the simulated sclera according to the usual procedure for vitreous surgery, and the yolk and albumen were treated as the vitreous body, and resected by using a vitreous cutter. Membrane peeling was performed on the inner eggshell membrane as if it were the internal limiting membrane.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The yolk and albumen could be resected with a vitreous cutter in the same way as the vitreous body. The inner eggshell membrane could be visualized under staining with Brilliant Blue G and other stains, enabling peeling to be performed with vitreous forceps in the same way as is normally performed for the human internal limiting membrane.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This model can be used for simulating the spatial recognition of the vitreous chamber during vitreous surgery. This model proved useful for initial training in port creation, central vitreous body resection, and membrane manipulation in the macular area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan. hirataa@cc.saga-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iwakiri
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okinami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D003370:Coturnix; D004531:Eggs; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007396:Internship and Residency; D023421:Models, Animal; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000193:education*; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D013664:Teaching Materials; D013997:Time Factors; D057586:Vitreoretinal Surgery / Q000193:education*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C004692:coomassie Brilliant Blue