title: Effects of nutritional and excessive levels of selenium on red blood cells of rats fed a high cholesterol diet.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the effects of selenium (Se) on the properties of erythrocytes and atherogenic index in the presence and absence of high cholesterol diet (HCD). The effect of selected two different doses (1 μg and 50 μg Se/kg/body weight) on HCD-induced oxidative stress was investigated. The hemolysis of the erythrocytes of the HCD rats as well as by high levels of selenium or their combination was markedly increased. Likewise, atherogenic index and plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were significantly increased in the same groups of rats compared to control ones. In contrast, paraoxonase activity, glutathione levels and protein thiol levels, catalase, GPx, and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly decreased in rats that received the HCD, high selenium dose, or their combination. Malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels in the plasma and red blood cells were significantly increased by HCD and high selenium dose administration. Co-administration of selenium at low dose with or without an HCD restored all of the investigated parameters to near-normal values. The results of this study suggest that excess selenium administration with HCD worsens the atherogenic index and enhances formation of oxidized red blood cells. At dosage levels in the nutritional range such as 1 μg Se/kg body weight, selenium ameliorates the atherogenic index and preserves the antioxidant capacity of the erythrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. gamal.harisa@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Gamaleldin I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Harisa
authors.forename: Osama M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Abo-Salem
authors.forename: El-sayed M
authors.initials: el-SM
authors.lastname: El-sayed
authors.forename: Gamal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shazly
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000097:blood; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002784:Cholesterol; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; D005978:Glutathione; D012643:Selenium