title: [Suicidal ideation, self-directed violence and depression among Chilean school adolescents].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Suicidal behaviors and depression are prevalent phenomena among adolescents, and are considered a public health problem.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors and the relationship between both phenomena, in a representative sample of students from ninth grade in Santiago, Chile.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited a probability sample of 2,597 adolescents who answered a questionnaire with questions about suicidal behavior and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation and planning was 21 and 14%, respectively. The prevalence for the past two weeks was 6.7 and 4.4% for suicidal ideation and planning, respectively. Autolytic behaviors, once in lifetime and in the past week were referred by 26 and 4% of respondents, respectively. In one third of these, self-harm coincided with recent suicide ideation or planning. All levels of suicidal behavior were more frequently reported by women. Clinically significant depressive symptoms were present in 23.5% of adolescents. Females doubled male rates. Severe depressive symptoms were present in 9.4% of the sample. A higher level of suicidal behavior correlated with more severe forms of depression. Sixty percent of adolescents who reported recent self-harm, had clinically relevant depressive symptoms. Two thirds of them had severe symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Suicidal behavior in Chilean adolescents is prevalent, and there is an association between this behavior and the level of depression. The school is a good place to identify and develop preventive measures for teenagers.
authors.affiliation: Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile. sbarroilhet@uandes.cl
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barroilhet
authors.forename: Rosemarie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fritsch
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Guajardo
authors.forename: Vania
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vöhringer
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Araya
authors.forename: Graciela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rojas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D055815:Young Adult