title: [Relationship between placental pathology and small-for-gestational age neonates].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between pathological abnormalities of placenta and small-for-gestational-age neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred placentas of small-for-gestational-age (SGA group) and 200 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA group) with single living birth in third trimester were investigated by gross and microscopic examination. The AGA placentas were collected from 2 cases following every SGA placenta. All cases were collected from Shanghai Changning District Maternity and Infant Health Hospital from January 2010 to December 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gestational week, neonatal birth weight, full-term neonatal birth weight, the preterm birth rate and vaginal spontaneous delivery rate were significantly lower in SGA group than that in AGA group (P < 0.002). Full-term placental volume, placental weight and fetal placental weight ratio were lower in SGA group than that in AGA group (P < 0.05). Unusual insertion and torsion of umbilical cord were more common in SGA group (P < 0.05). Syncytial knots increase, avascular villi and villous infarcts were significantly higher in SGA group (P < 0.005), but there were no significant difference between SGA group and AGA group in intervillous thrombi, chronic villitis and chorangiosis (P > 0.05). Gestational hypertension disease and abnormality of fetal monitoring were more common in SGA group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gestational hypertension disease is the main clinical cause of SGA. Some placental abnormality can affect the growth and development of intrauterine fetus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shanghai Changning District Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China. zhxuejun.1965@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Xue-jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jin-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiu-ling
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Sheng-min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.forename: Hai-yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Bo-ning
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D054159:Torsion, Mechanical; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000473:pathology