title: CYP450 1A2 and multiple UGT1A isoforms are responsible for jatrorrhizine metabolism in human liver microsomes.
abstract: Jatrorrhizine, one of the protoberberine alkaloids derived from the plant Coptis chinensis, is expected to be developed as a new gastric prokinetic drug, but its metabolic characteristics in humans remain unknown. This study characterized the phase I and phase II metabolites, metabolic kinetics, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes responsible for the metabolism of jatrorrhizine in human liver microsomes (HLMs). Chemical inhibition in HLMs and metabolism by recombinant human CYP or UGT enzymes were employed to determine the key metabolic enzyme subtypes. In HLMs, demethyleneberberine (demethylated product) and jatrorrhizine glucuronide were identified as the phase I and phase II metabolites, respectively. The enzyme kinetics for both demethylation and glucuronidation were fitted to the Michaelis-Menten equation. Demethylation was inhibited significantly by furafylline and predominantly catalysed by recombinant CYP1A2, whereas glucuronidation was inhibited by silibinin, quercetin, as well as 1-naphthol and catalysed by recombinant UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A9 and UGT1A10. These results showed that jatrorrhizine is metabolized by human CYP1A2 and multiple UGT1A isoforms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Bingliang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yueming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Changhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dazheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xinhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Nengneng
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D001599:Berberine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D065609:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000378:metabolism; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D065609:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D020719:Glucuronides; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C055785:jatrorrhizine; D001599:Berberine; C477155:demethyleneberberine; C504573:CYP1A2 protein, human; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase