title: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiectasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis are two different but related diseases that occur separately, but can coexist. In this review, we will examine the recent research regarding patients with COPD who have coexisting bronchiectasis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent research has focused on defining distinct COPD phenotypes with the ultimate goal of changing the outcomes using tailored therapies. A frequent exacerbator phenotype has been identified. COPD patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa are a phenotype with worse outcomes. Patients with coexisting COPD and bronchiectasis may represent a unique phenotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with coexisting COPD and bronchiectasis could represent a unique phenotype with more severe disease, worse outcomes, more isolation of potentially pathogenic microorganisms, and more frequent exacerbations, with the potential for targeted therapies.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Shannon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Novosad
authors.forename: Alan F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Barker
mesh_terms: D001987:Bronchiectasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000150:complications*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors