title: Effect of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) on high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in hamsters.
abstract: Obesity is associated with increased systemic and airway oxidative stress, which may result from a combination of adipokine imbalance and antioxidant defenses reduction. Obesity-mediated oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia, vascular disease, and nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis. The antidyslipidemic activity of pigeon pea were evaluated by high-fat diet (HFD) hamsters model, in which the level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and total triglyceride (TG) were examined. We found that pigeon pea administration promoted cholesterol converting to bile acid in HFD-induced hamsters, thereby exerting hypolipidemic activity. In the statistical results, pigeon pea significantly increased hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), LDL receptor, and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (also known as cytochrome P450 7A1, CYP7A1) expression to attenuate dyslipidemia in HFD-fed hamsters; and markedly elevated antioxidant enzymes in the liver of HFD-induced hamsters, further alleviating lipid peroxidation. These effects may attribute to pigeon pea contained large of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA; C18:2) and phytosterol (β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol). Moreover, the effects of pigeon pea on dyslipidemia were greater than β-sitosterol administration (4%), suggesting that phytosterone in pigeon pea could prevent metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, College of Life Science, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syue fu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Fan-Jhen
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Wei-Hsuan
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Jan-Jeng
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: She-Ching
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D036561:Cajanus / Q000737:chemistry*; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006224:Cricetinae; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D013265:Stigmasterol / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D010840:Phytosterols; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D012855:Sitosterols; D014280:Triglycerides; C021273:campesterol; C025473:gamma-sitosterol; D002784:Cholesterol; D013265:Stigmasterol; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase