title: Assessment of intravascular volume status and volume responsiveness in critically ill patients.
abstract: Accurate assessment of a patient's volume status, as well as whether they will respond to a fluid challenge with an increase in cardiac output, is a critical task in the care of critically ill patients. Despite this, most decisions regarding fluid therapy are made either empirically or with limited and poor data. Given recent data highlighting the negative impact of either inadequate or overaggressive fluid therapy, understanding the tools and techniques available for accurate volume assessment is critical. This review highlights both static and dynamic methods that can be utilized to help in the assessment of volume status.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Kambiz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kalantari
authors.forename: Jamison N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ronco
authors.forename: Mitchell H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rosner
mesh_terms: D001810:Blood Volume; D002302:Cardiac Output; D003422:Critical Care; D016638:Critical Illness; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D018579:Patient Selection; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance