title: Short- and long-term effect of oral administration of micellized natural vitamin E (D-α-tocopherol) on oxidative status in race horses under intense training.
abstract: This study tested the effect of micellized vitamin E (D-α-tocopherol; 1,400 IU/d) administered 12 and 1 h orally before training for 1 d (ST-VitE) or 8 d (LT-VitE) compared with an unsupplemented control (CONTROL) on plasma α-tocopherol, thiobarbithuric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), total glutathione (GSHt), and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) in 10 race horses. Different sampling times [immediately before training (BEF) and after intense training (END) or 8 h after recovery (+8h)] were investigated. Plasma α-tocopherol concentration was greater in the ST-VitE group than the CONTROL group at +8h (P < 0.05). Natural vitamin E supplementation increased plasma α-tocopherol (P < 0.001) in the LT-VitE group by approximately 1.6-fold at BEF, END, and +8h. In all groups, TBARS tended to be slightly greater (P = 0.087) immediately after training when compared with values BEF or +8h and the lowest TBARS values were observed at +8h in LT-VitE. Vitamin E supplementation did not affect the GSHt concentrations at BEF, END, or +8h. The TEAC values were modified by the vitamin E administration (P = 0.010). The greatest TEAC was found in the LT-VitE group at all sampling times and similar concentrations were reached in the ST-VitE group at +8h. The CONTROL group was not able to maintain TEAC after training (P < 0.001), indicating consumption of antioxidants (mainly vitamin E) and consequently oxidative stress because of the antioxidant system being overwhelmed by a reduced antioxidant supply. In conclusion, micellized natural vitamin E at 1,400 IU/d for 8 d efficiently increased plasma α-tocopherol concentration of race horses undergoing intense training conditions and maintained the general oxidative status.
authors.affiliation: Dpto. Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain. anarey@vet.ucm.es
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Segura
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arandilla
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: López-Bote
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008823:Micelles; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000662:veterinary; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008823:Micelles; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D005978:Glutathione; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol