title: Improvised source of water coolant for ultrasonic scaler: an appropriate technology in underserved communities.
abstract: Traditionally dental plaque, calculus and stains have been removed by scaling and polishing manually with hand instruments such as curettes, chisels, hoes and scalers. However, ultrasonic scaling is becoming the preferred method of initial periodontal treatment and maintenance, due to improved patient and operator comfort. Ultrasonic scaling can be performed effectively using pipe-borne water as coolant. However, such a water supply is unavailable in many rural dental clinics, especially in underserved communities in Nigeria. This article reports on an improvised source of water coolant, designed and fabricated to make modern, easy and effective plaque control available to people in communities where there is no pipe-borne water. The device will improve operator efficiency in tooth cleaning and patient compliance with treatment. Due to its simple design but effective function, the device is ideal for use in Nigeria's primary healthcare delivery program, offering enhanced preventive and curative services to remote, rural and semi-urban populations. In doing so oral health can be improved with a reduction in the incidence of oral diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. shola_ibiyemi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Olushola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ibiyemi
authors.forename: Juliana O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Taiwo
authors.forename: Gbemisola A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Oke
mesh_terms: D003080:Cold Temperature; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003762:Dental Instruments; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D009909:Oral Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015995:Prevalence; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019035:Rural Health Services; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water