title: The control of rotavirus gastroenteritis in the United States.
abstract: Since 2006, two new vaccines have been licensed to prevent rotavirus, the cause of 20% to 50% of severe acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. These vaccines have been implemented in national immunization programs in about 30 high- and middle-income countries, including the United States, and vaccine use has led to substantial decreases in diarrhea-related health care visits. In addition to reductions in diarrhea burden in vaccinated children, decreases have been observed in older, unvaccinated age groups in many settings, suggesting indirect benefits (i.e., herd immunity) from vaccination. Although the efficacy of these oral rotavirus vaccines is expectedly lower in developing countries in Asia and Africa, the public health benefits of vaccination in these settings, where more than 90% of the estimated 453,000 annual deaths from rotavirus occur, are likely to be substantial. Efforts continue to develop alternative rotavirus vaccines that could have a better efficacy and safety profile and may be less expensive.
authors.affiliation: Fogarty International Center, NIH, 31 Center Drive, B2C02, Bethesda, MD 220892, USA. GlassR@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Roger I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: Umesh
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Parashar
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tate
authors.forename: Baoming
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gentsch
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines