title: Diagnostic reliability and normative values of stereoacuity tests in preschool-aged children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the range of normal stereoacuity thresholds and evaluate the diagnostic reliability of stereoacuity tests in preschool-aged children.
  
  
  METHODS
  1606 children, aged 24-72 months, had detailed eye examinations and stereoacuity testing. Lang-Stereotest II (LangII) was attempted on all children, Stereo Smile Stereoacuity II Test (SSST) was conducted on children aged < 30 months and on older children who could not complete the Randot Preschool Stereoacuity Test (RPST). The RPST was conducted on children aged ≥ 30 months and on some younger children who passed both the LangII and SSST.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Modes for the age groups 24-47 months and 48-72 months were: 200 arcsec for both age groups with the LangII test; 120 arcsec and 60 arcsec, respectively, with the SSST; 100 arcsec and 60 arcsec, respectively, with the RPST. Age-adjusted areas under the curve for detecting amblyopia, strabismus and anisometropia were: for the LangII test, 0.72, 0.68 and 0.60, respectively; for the SSST, 0.73, 0.80 and 0.57, respectively; for the RPST, 0.92, 0.82 and 0.73, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Normative data for the LangII, RPST and SSST stereoacuity tests were determined for children aged 24-72 months. Sensitivity and specificity at individual disparity levels for detecting anisometropia, amblyopia and strabismus were also determined for RPST and SSST. Using area under age-adjusted receiver operating curves, the RPST was found to be the most reliable in detecting ocular conditions compared with the LangII and SSST tests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Afsari
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Amy Shih-I
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: Glen A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gole
authors.forename: Jody Fay
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Burlutsky
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003867:Depth Perception; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000379:methods*; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*