title: Nerve ultrasound in a case of chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is the most common acquired immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The diagnosis is based mainly on the clinical presentation and electrophysiological detection of demyelination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Several MRI studies have demonstrated hypertrophy and abnormal enhancement of spinal nerve roots or brachial plexus in CIDP, but there have been only anecdotal reports of similar sonographic findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This article reports the sonographic findings of a CIDP case and includes a review of the literature and previously reported cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case report highlights the importance of sonography in the localization and recognition of focal nerve enlargements in patients with CIDP. This method could be a helpful tool in the diagnosis of conduction block in CIDP, especially in cases where a nerve segment cannot be explored easily with the inching technique. Systematic data are needed to confirm this observation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ruhr University, St. Josef-Hospital, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany. antonis.kerasnoudis@gmail.com
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kerasnoudis
mesh_terms: D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008475:Median Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010543:Peroneal Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020277:Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D011826:Radial Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013979:Tibial Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014459:Ulnar Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous