title: Changes in athlete's redox state induced by habitual and unaccustomed exercise.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of sport-specific and nonspecific bouts of exercise on athletes' redox state. Blood samples were collected from 14 handball players immediately before and after graded exercise test on the cycle ergometer and handball training. Levels of superoxide anion radical (O(2) (-)), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), nitrites (NO(2) (-)) as markers of nitric oxide, index of lipid peroxidation (TBARs), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity were determined. Exercise intensity was assessed by a system for heart rate (HR) monitoring. Average athletes' HR was not significantly different between protocols, but protocols differed in total time and time and percentage of time that athletes spent in every HR zone. The laboratory exercise test induced a significant increase of H(2)O(2) and TBARs as well as the decrease of the SOD and CAT activity, while after specific handball training, levels of NO(2) (-) were increased and SOD activity decreased. It seems that unaccustomed short intensive physical activity may induce oxidative stress in trained athletes, while sport-specific activity of longer duration and proper warm-up period may not. Further research should show whether the change of protocol testing and the implementation of various supplementations and manual methods can affect the redox equilibrium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dusica Z
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Djordjevic
authors.forename: Dejan G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Cubrilo
authors.forename: Vladimir S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Puzovic
authors.forename: Milena S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Vuletic
authors.forename: Vladimir I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Zivkovic
authors.forename: Nevena S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Barudzic
authors.forename: Dragan S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Radovanovic
authors.forename: Dragan M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Djuric
authors.forename: Vladimir Lj
authors.initials: VLj
authors.lastname: Jakovljevic
mesh_terms: D056352:Athletes; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000097:blood; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013177:Sports; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D013481:Superoxides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009573:Nitrites; D013481:Superoxides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione