title: [Application of statistics on chronic-diseases-relating observational research papers].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the application of statistics on Chronic-diseases-relating observational research papers which were recently published in the Chinese Medical Association Magazines, with influential index above 0.5.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a self-developed criterion, two investigators individually participated in assessing the application of statistics on Chinese Medical Association Magazines, with influential index above 0.5. Different opinions reached an agreement through discussion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total number of 352 papers from 6 magazines, including the Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, Chinese Journal of Oncology, Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine, Chinese Journal of Cardiology, Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine and Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, were reviewed. The rate of clear statement on the following contents as: research objectives, t target audience, sample issues, objective inclusion criteria and variable definitions were 99.43%, 98.57%, 95.43%, 92.86% and 96.87%. The correct rates of description on quantitative and qualitative data were 90.94% and 91.46%, respectively. The rates on correctly expressing the results, on statistical inference methods related to quantitative, qualitative data and modeling were 100%, 95.32% and 87.19%, respectively. 89.49% of the conclusions could directly response to the research objectives. However, 69.60% of the papers did not mention the exact names of the study design, statistically, that the papers were using. 11.14% of the papers were in lack of further statement on the exclusion criteria. Percentage of the papers that could clearly explain the sample size estimation only taking up as 5.16%. Only 24.21% of the papers clearly described the variable value assignment. Regarding the introduction on statistical conduction and on database methods, the rate was only 24.15%. 18.75% of the papers did not express the statistical inference methods sufficiently. A quarter of the papers did not use 'standardization' appropriately. As for the aspect of statistical inference, the rate of description on statistical testing prerequisite was only 24.12% while 9.94% papers did not even employ the statistical inferential method that should be used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main deficiencies on the application of Statistics used in papers related to Chronic-diseases-related observational research were as follows: lack of sample-size determination, variable value assignment description not sufficient, methods on statistics were not introduced clearly or properly, lack of consideration for pre-requisition regarding the use of statistical inferences.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-heng
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei-hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D004212:Academic Dissertations as Topic; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012107:Research Design; D018401:Sample Size