title: [Childhood epileptic seizures imitating migraine and encephalitis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Paroxismal events can resemble epileptic seizures, however, some epileptic seizures, especially benign occipital childhood epilepsies can imitate migraine, cycling vomiting or encephalitis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was evaluation of clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) features and outcome in children with benign occipital childhood epilepsies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Investigation included 18 patients with benign occipital childhood epilepsies hospitalized in the period from 2007 to 2010. The diagnosis was based on clinical and EEG characteristics of seizures, while treatment included acute therapy for seizures and chronic antiepileptic drugs. Prognosis was analyzed in terms of neurological outcome and seizure recurrence rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Benign occipital childhood epilepsy with early onset was diagnosed in 15 children. Vegetative symptoms, mostly ictal vomiting (13), eye deviation and loss of consciousness (13) dominated in the clinical presentation. The most frequent EEG findings showed occipital epileptic discharges. Benign occipital childhood epilepsy with late onset was diagnosed in three cases. Seizures were manifested by visual hallucinations, headache and secondary generalized convulsions. All three patients were administered chronic antiepileptic drugs and had good outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our patients, clinical manifestations of benign occipital epilepsies had some similarities with clinical features of migraine and encephalitis. It could explain misdiagnosis in some of them. Knowledge about main features and differences between each of these disorders is crucial for making appropriate diagnosis.
authors.forename: Ružica
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kravljanac
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Djurić
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*