title: Long-term culture at elevated atmospheric CO2 fails to evoke specific adaptation in seven freshwater phytoplankton species.
abstract: The concentration of CO(2) in the atmosphere is expected to double by the end of the century. Experiments have shown that this will have important effects on the physiology and ecology of photosynthetic organisms, but it is still unclear if elevated CO(2) will elicit an evolutionary response in primary producers that causes changes in physiological and ecological attributes. In this study, we cultured lines of seven species of freshwater phytoplankton from three major groups at current (approx. 380 ppm CO(2)) and predicted future conditions (1000 ppm CO(2)) for over 750 generations. We grew the phytoplankton under three culture regimes: nutrient-replete liquid medium, nutrient-poor liquid medium and solid agar medium. We then performed reciprocal transplant assays to test for specific adaptation to elevated CO(2) in these lines. We found no evidence for evolutionary change. We conclude that the physiology of carbon utilization may be conserved in natural freshwater phytoplankton communities experiencing rising atmospheric CO(2) levels, without substantial evolutionary change.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Docteur Penfield, Montréal, Québec, Canada , H3A 1B1. etienne.low-decarie@mail.mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Low-Décarie
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Jewell
authors.forename: Gregor F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Fussmann
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005618:Fresh Water; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010839:Phytoplankton / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D012641:Selection, Genetic
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide