title: Differential gene expression profiles during embryonic heart development in diabetic mice pregnancy.
abstract: Congenital heart defects (CHD) are one of the most common defects in offspring of diabetic mothers. There is a clear association between maternal diabetes and CHD; however the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. We hypothesized that maternal diabetes affects with the expression of early developmental genes that regulate the essential developmental processes of the heart, thereby resulting in the pathogenesis of CHD. We analyzed genome-wide expression profiling in the developing heart of embryos from diabetic and control mice by using the oligonucleotide microarray. Microarray analysis revealed that a total of 878 genes exhibited more than 1.5 fold changes in expression level in the hearts of experimental embryos in either E13.5 or E15.5 compared with their respective controls. Expression pattern of genes that is differentially expressed in the developing heart was further examined by the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Several genes involved in a number of molecular signaling pathways such as apoptosis, proliferation, migration and differentiation in the developing heart were differentially expressed in embryos of diabetic pregnancy. It is concluded that altered expression of several genes involved in heart development may contribute to CHD in offspring of diabetic mothers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
authors.forename: Murugaiyan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijaya
authors.forename: Jayapal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manikandan
authors.forename: Rangarajan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parakalan
authors.forename: S Thameem
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Dheen
authors.forename: Srinivasan Dinesh
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Samuel Sam Wah
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Tay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000235:genetics; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000235:genetics; D013311:Streptozocin; D059467:Transcriptome; D054928:Validation Studies as Topic
chemical_list: D013311:Streptozocin