title: Association of nesfatin-1 and fat mass in cystic fibrosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mechanisms of fat mass (FM) loss in cystic fibrosis (CF) are poorly understood but could represent complex pathways involving dysregulation of appetite-modulating peptides and an amplified inflammatory response. Nesfatin-1 is a newly described peptide that decreases food intake and FM but has not been studied in CF.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesized that changes in the appetite-suppressing hormone nesfatin-1 would be physiological, and levels would be lower in advanced CF patients with lower FM compared to those with milder disease and healthy controls. We determined the levels of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 as they have been associated with weight loss in disease states.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four adult CF subjects, i.e. 17 with severe, 22 with moderate, and 15 with mild disease, as well as 18 controls were recruited. PFT and body composition analysis (via bioelectrical impedance) were performed. Nesfatin-1 and cytokine levels were determined by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contrary to our proposed hypothesis, nesfatin-1 levels were highest in CF patients with severe disease and the lowest FM. A significant negative correlation between nesfatin-1 levels and FM was found only in the severe CF group (r = -0.7, p = 0.003). In forward stepwise regression analysis, only FM was significantly associated with nesfatin-1 levels. Levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were elevated in the severe CF group, but there was no association with either FM or nesfatin-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In advanced CF and low FM, nesfatin-1 plasma levels are significantly increased and inversely correlated with the FM. Our results further suggest that nesfatin-1 exerts its effects independently of TNF-α or IL-6.
authors.affiliation: The Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, The Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, New Hyde Park, N.Y., USA.
authors.forename: Rubin I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: Li Chen
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wann
authors.forename: Xiaobing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Shu Fang
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001069:Appetite Regulation; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D000080866:Nucleobindins; D015431:Weight Loss; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C000630650:NUCB2 protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000080866:Nucleobindins