title: Mechanical thrombectomy for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: a comprehensive literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endovascular treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) includes pharmacological and mechanical thrombolysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors searched the English literature on CVST from 1990 to 2012 for all case reports or case series of mechanical thrombectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 64 patients were treated in all published studies. The techniques for mechanical thrombectomy included rheolytic thrombectomy with an AngioJet device (46.9%), clot retraction with the Penumbra system (4.7%), clot retraction with a Fogarty catheter (1.6%), clot retraction with a microsnare (3.1%), balloon venoplasty without stenting (18.7%), balloon venoplasty with stenting (4.7%), and an amalgam of techniques (18.7%). Nine (16.1%) patients died. At the most recent follow-up, 40 (62.5%) patients had no disability or minor disability and 7 (10.9%) patients had major disability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Randomized multiinstitutional clinical trials with larger number of participants are needed to sufficiently compare the effect of intrasinus thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy to standard-of-care anticoagulation therapy.
authors.affiliation: Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran borhanihaghighi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Afshin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borhani Haghighi
authors.affiliation: Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahmoodi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, St Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Randall C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Edgell
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, St Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cruz-Flores
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hosein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghanaati
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Health Institute, Tri-City Medical Center, Oceanside, CA, USA Department of Surgery, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jamshidi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Osama O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Zaidat
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D061185:Mechanical Thrombolysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012851:Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; cerebral venous thrombosis; dural sinus thrombosis; mechanical thrombectomy; rheolytic thrombectomy; thrombolysis