title: [Human papillomavirus infection correlates with redundant prepuce or phimosis in the patients'sexual partners in Nanjing urban area].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women and its correlation with redundant prepuce or phimosis in the patients' sexual partners.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a questionnaire investigation among the women outpatients at the cervical disease clinic of Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital from May to December 2011. We obtained information on their sexual life and determined whether their sexual partners had redundant prepuce or phimosis according to the schematic illustrations we offered. We used biology-hybridize HPV-type test kit, PCR and hybrid membrane methods for detection of different HPV genotypes in cervical exfoliated cells, taking any type of HPV detected as positive. We made between-group comparisons by chi-square test and analyzed independent risk factors by non-conditional logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 2 040 questionnaires, 1 568 were collected and 1 110 (71%) accepted as valid by inclusion criteria. Among the 1 110 subjects, 566 (50.9%) were infected with HPV, and 445 (78.6%) of the infected women admitted that their sexual partners had redundant prepuce or phimosis. The most frequent infection type was HPV16 (34.2%), followed by HPV58 (28.1%), HPV52 (20.2%) and HPV18 (10.8%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that redundant prepuce or phimosis in the women's sexual partners was an independent risk factor for HPV infection (OR 3.387, 95%CI [2.491-4.607]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Nanjing urban area, the majority of the sexual partners of the HPV-infected women have redundant prepuce or phimosis, which is an independent risk factor for female cervical HPV infection. Male circumcision is necessitated in Nanjing to reduce the incidence of cervical HPV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China. y6679@163.com
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Lian-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Yan-Jing
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000821:virology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D052816:Foreskin / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D010688:Phimosis / Q000821:virology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012747:Sexual Partners; D055815:Young Adult