title: Feeding problems in children with neurological disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of selected risk factors of weight deficiency in children with chronic metabolic diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group involved 160 children, from 2 months to 15 years (mean age 3.14 years), with diseases of the nervous system and body weight deficiency. According to the type of neurological disease the following groups of patients were separated: static encephalopathies, progressive encephalopathies, disorders of mental development of undetermined etiology, genetically determined diseases. As the exponent of malnutrition, z-score of weight-for-age standards was used. An inclusion criterion for the study group was z-score of weight-for-age < - 2SD. The analysed risk factors of body weight deficiency were: mode of feeding children, neurological disorders, oral motor dysfunction, diseases of other organs, gastrointestinal motility disorders (oral cavity, esophagus, intestines) and type of nutritional therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most advanced malnutrition was in children with progressive encephalopathies and genetically determined diseases. Seizures and muscular hypotonia were most common neurological disorders. Oral motor dysfunctions were observed in 40% of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Malnutrition in children with neurological disorders is associated mainly with neurological deficits. In this group of children monitoring of somatic development and early nutritional intervention are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Child Neurology Department, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jamroz
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Głuszkiewicz
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Grzybowska-Chlebowczyk
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Woś
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015984:Causality; D002648:Child; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D003248:Constipation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005248:Feeding Methods / Q000145:classification*; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007228:Infant Nutrition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D044623:Nutrition Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D015995:Prevalence; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control