title: Effect of 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose on the inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
abstract: 1,5-Anhydro-D-fructose (1,5-AF) is a monosaccharide that shares a structural similarity to glucose. 1,5-AF is found in fungi, algae, Escherichia coli and rat liver and is produced by the degradation of starch and glycogen, which is catalyzed by the enzyme alpha-1,4-glucan lyase. However, the physiological role of 1,5-AF in mammalian tissues is not well understood. Here, we investigated the anti-obesity potential of 1,5-AF on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 1,5-AF caused a significant decrease in GPDH activity in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and mature adipocytes without eliciting cytotoxicity, and inhibited cellular lipid accumulation through down-regulation of transcription factors such as PPARgamma and C/EBPalpha. 1,5-AF also induced dose-dependent phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a cellular energy sensor. However, the total AMPK protein content remained unchanged. Furthermore, 1,5-AF increased the levels of reactive oxygen species, an important upstream signal for AMPK activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results show that 1,5-AF exerts anti-obesity action in vitro and suggest that 1,5-AF is potentially a novel preventative agent for obesity and other metabolic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan. kojma@life.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kojima-Yuasa
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deguchi
authors.forename: Yotaro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsui-Yuasa
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005632:Fructose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D047495:PPAR gamma; D005632:Fructose; C048927:1,5-anhydrofructose; D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases