title: Investigation of antigenotoxic potential of Syzygium cumini extract (SCE) on cyclophosphamide-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice.
abstract: The present study investigated the protective effects of Syzygium cumini extract (SCE; 100 and 200 mg/kg) against genotoxicity and oxidative stress (OS) induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in mice. Animals were received 14 days pretreatment (oral) of SCE, followed by induction of genotoxicity by CP (40 mg/kg), 24 hours before sacrifice. Mice bone marrow chromosomal aberration assay, micronucleus assay, and sperm abnormality assay were employed for the study. Activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes were also investigated. Phytochemical investigation was done to determine total phenolic and flavonoid content in SCE. Results showed that CP produced a significant increase in average percentage of aberrant metaphases and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) excluding gap, and micronuclei (MN) formation in polychromatic erythrocytes produced cytotoxicity in mouse bone marrow cells and induced abnormal sperms in a male germ line. CP also markedly inhibited the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutahione (GSH) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Pretreatments with SCE significantly inhibited the frequencies of aberrant metaphases, CAs, MN formation, and cytotoxicity in mouse bone marrow cells induced by CP. SCE also produced a significant reduction of abnormal sperm and antagonized the reduction of CP-induced SOD, CAT, and GSH activities and inhibited increased MDA content in the liver. Total phenolic content present in SCE was 24.68%, whereas total flavonoids were calculated as 3.80%. SCE has a protective effect against genotoxicity and OS induced by CP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, S.K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mehsana, India. pankaj_pcol@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: Rakesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Rina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: Nilesh R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Kanzariya
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000633:toxicity; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D027842:Syzygium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione