title: Physical restraints practice in adult intensive care units in Egypt.
abstract: Physical restraints are commonly used in intensive care units to reduce the risk of injury and ensure patient safety. However, there is still controversy regarding the practice of physical restraints in such units. The purpose of this study was to investigate the practices of physical restraints among critical care nurses in El-Mansoura City, Egypt. The study involved a convenience sample of 275 critically ill adult patients, and 153 nurses. Data were collected from 11 intensive care units using a "physical restraint observation form" and a "structured questionnaire." The results revealed that physical restraint was commonly used to ensure patient safety. Assessment of physical restraint was mainly restricted to peripheral circulation. The most commonly reported physically restrained site complications included: redness, bruising, swelling, and edema. The results illustrated a lack of documentation on physical restraint and a lack of education of patients and their families about the rationale of physical restraint usage. The study shed light on the need for standard guidelines and policies for physical restraint practices in Egyptian intensive care units.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing, University of Mansoura, Al Mansoura, Alexandria, Egypt. Nahed_Kandeel2000@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Nahed Attia
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kandeel
authors.forename: Amal Kadry
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Attia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000451:nursing*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004534:Egypt; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061214:Patient Safety; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012149:Restraint, Physical / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult