title: Relaxin, its receptor (RXFP1), and insulin-like peptide 4 expression through gestation and in placenta accreta.
abstract: This study was designed to show whether placental relaxin (RLN), its receptor (RXFP1), or insulin-like peptide 4 (INSL4) might have altered expression in patients with placenta accreta. The baseline expression of their genes through gestation (n = 34) was quantitated in the placental basal plate (BP) and villous trophoblast (TR), and compared to their expression in placenta accreta (n = 6). The proteins were also immunolocalized and quantitated in the accreta tissues. The messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of matrix metalloproteinase 9, -2, and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 were also measured. Results demonstrated that the BP and TR expressed low levels of RLN/RXFP1 and INSL4 through gestation. In accreta, increased RLN gene and protein in BP were associated with antepartum bleeding whereas INSL4 expression decreased throughout the TR. There were no changes in mRNAs for MMPs, but TIMP-1 was increased only in the invasive TR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA. wgoh@hawaii.edu
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.forename: Sandra Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Karen S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Gillian D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Bryant-Greenwood
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D010921:Placenta Accreta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012065:Relaxin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C101126:INSL4 protein, human; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C417543:RXFP1 protein, human; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D012065:Relaxin; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: INSL4; RXFP1; basal plate; placenta accreta; relaxin; trophoblast