title: Topical photodynamic therapy using transfersomal aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate: in vitro and in vivo study.
abstract: The efficacy of transfersomes (flexible liposomes) as a novel technique for topical delivery of the hydrophilic tetra-anionic photodynamic sensitizer aluminum (III) phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (AlPcS4) was investigated, on mammalian fibroblasts and on Balb/c mice dorsal skin. AlPcS4 was loaded in transfersomes composed of phosphatidylcholine/sodium deoxycholate (5:1, 10:1, and 15:1 w/w, ratios), resulting in 110-, 160-, and 200-nm mean size vesicles with encapsulation efficiencies of 16, 25, and 30 %, respectively. In vitro studies on baby hamster kidney-21 fibroblasts revealed twofold enhancement of the photocytotoxicity of AlPcS4 loaded in transfersomes (Trans-AlPcS4), compared to free AlPcS4 dissolved in culture medium. The photocytotoxicity of Trans-AlPcS4 was less dependent on the incubation time with cells, compared to free AlPcS4. Topical application on the dorsal skin of Balb/c mice revealed that both free AlPcS4 and Trans-AlPcS4 exhibited evident photosensitization towards mice skin, but acquiring different regions of skin.
authors.affiliation: Photobiology and Cell Photosensitization Lab, Department of Laser Medical Applications, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Kawser
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kassab
authors.forename: Doaa Abd
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: El Fadeel
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fadel
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008081:Liposomes; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D008081:Liposomes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C048577:aluminum tetrasulfophthalocyanine