title: Modulation of the adaptive response to stress by brain activation of selective somatostatin receptor subtypes.
abstract: Somatostatin-14 was discovered in 1973 in the hypothalamus as a peptide inhibiting growth hormone release. Somatostatin interacts with five receptor subtypes (sst(1-5)) which are widely distributed in the brain with a distinct, but overlapping, expression pattern. During the last few years, the development of highly selective peptide agonists and antagonists provided new insight to characterize the role of somatostatin receptor subtypes in the pleiotropic actions of somatostatin. Recent evidence in rodents indicates that the activation of selective somatostatin receptor subtypes in the brain blunts stress-corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) related ACTH release (sst2/5), sympathetic-adrenal activaton (sst5), stimulation of colonic motility (sst1), delayed gastric emptying (sst5), suppression of food intake (sst2) and the anxiogenic-like (sst2) response. These findings suggest that brain somatostatin signaling pathways may play an important role in dampening CRF-mediated endocrine, sympathetic, behavioral and visceral responses to stress.
authors.affiliation: CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Division, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stengel
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rivier
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taché
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D003106:Colon / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin; C115977:Sstr2 protein, rat; C570770:somatostatin receptor 1, mouse; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone