title: Experiences of domestic violence and mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the extent to which being a victim of domestic violence is associated with different mental disorders in men and women. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and odds of being a victim of domestic violence by diagnostic category and sex.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic review and meta-analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen biomedical and social sciences databases (including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO); journal hand searches; scrutiny of references and citation tracking of included articles; expert recommendations, and an update of a systematic review on victimisation and mental disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  observational and intervention studies reporting prevalence or odds of being a victim of domestic violence in men and women (aged ≥16 years), using validated diagnostic measures of mental disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were extracted and study quality independently appraised by two reviewers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random effects meta-analyses were used to pool estimates of prevalence and odds.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-one studies were included. There is a higher risk of experiencing adult lifetime partner violence among women with depressive disorders (OR 2.77 (95% CI 1.96-3.92), anxiety disorders (OR 4.08 (95% CI 2.39-6.97), and PTSD (OR 7.34 95% CI 4.50-11.98), compared to women without mental disorders. Insufficient data were available to calculate pooled odds for other mental disorders, family violence (i.e. violence perpetrated by a non-partner), or violence experienced by men. Individual studies reported increased odds for women and men for all diagnostic categories, including psychoses, with a higher prevalence reported for women. Few longitudinal studies were found so the direction of causality could not be investigated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a high prevalence and increased likelihood of being a victim of domestic violence in men and women across all diagnostic categories, compared to people without disorders. Longitudinal studies are needed to identify pathways to being a victim of domestic violence to optimise healthcare responses.
authors.affiliation: Section of Women's Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kylee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Trevillion
authors.forename: Siân
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oram
authors.forename: Gene
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feder
authors.forename: Louise M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017579:Domestic Violence; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors