title: Targeting the mTOR pathway in tumor malignancy.
abstract: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a critical role in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation,and metabolism by integrating growth factor stimulation and energy/nutrient input through a complex signaling network.The mTOR kinase is a part of two structurally and functionally distinct multiple protein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is rapamycin-sensitive and mediates temporal control of cell growth by regulating several cellular processes, such as translation, transcription, and nutrient transport while the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) is in sensitive to rapamycin and is involved in spatial control of cell growth via cytoskeleton regulation. Here we discuss the mechanism of mTOR regulation in tumor malignancy through a variety of signaling pathways and the potential of mTOR inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10724 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
authors.forename: Hengmiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Marlena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walls
authors.forename: Sangita M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Baxi
authors.forename: Min-Jean
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases