title: Getting better with age: the relationship between age, acceptance, and negative affect.
abstract: Although aging involves cognitive and physical declines, it is also associated with improved emotional well-being, particularly lower negative affect. However, the relationship between age and global negative affect, versus discrete negative emotions, and the pathways that link age to lower negative affect are not well understood. We hypothesize that 1 important link between age and lower negative affect may be acceptance of negative emotional experiences. The present study examined this hypothesis in a community sample of 21- to 73-year-olds (N = 340) by measuring acceptance and multiple indices of negative affect: trait negative affect, negative experiential and physiological reactivity to a laboratory stress induction, daily experience of negative affect, and trait negative affect 6 months after the initial assessment. Negative affect was measured using a discrete emotions approach whereby anger, anxiety, and sadness were assessed at each time point. Age was associated with increased acceptance as well as lower anger and anxiety (but not sadness) across measurement modalities and time points. Further, acceptance statistically mediated the relationship between age on the one hand and anger and anxiety on the other hand. These results are consistent with the idea that acceptance may be an important pathway in the link between age and lower negative affect. Implications of these results for understanding the nature of age-related decreases in discrete negative emotions are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Denver, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Shallcross
authors.forename: Brett Q
authors.initials: BQ
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Victoria A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Floerke
authors.forename: Iris B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Mauss
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D000786:Anger; D059031:Anticipation, Psychological; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D001143:Arousal; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013060:Speech; D055815:Young Adult