title: Attitudes of Pakistani community members and staff toward people with intellectual disability.
abstract: The acceptance and inclusion of persons with intellectual disability can vary across cultures, and understanding attitudes can provide insight into such variation. To our knowledge, no previous study has explored attitudes toward people with intellectual disability among Pakistani community members and disability service providers. We administered the Community Living Attitudes Scale (Henry et al., 1996), a measure of attitudes toward people with intellectual disability developed in the United States, to 262 community members and 190 disability service providers in Pakistan. Confirmatory factor analysis found a 4-factor solution (empowerment, similarity, exclusion, and sheltering) fit the Pakistani sample. More positive attitudes were observed in staff serving people with intellectual disability, females, Christians, Hindus, Sunnis, and people with greater education. We discuss implications for research, theory, and practice.
authors.affiliation: Portland State University, Psychology Department, Portland, OR 97201, USA. MPatka@pdx.edu
authors.forename: Mazna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patka
authors.forename: Christopher B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Keys
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Katherine E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: McDonald
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002648:Child; D003156:Community Mental Health Services; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D019372:Orphanages; D010154:Pakistan; D011639:Public Opinion; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult