title: Ochratoxin A management in vineyards by Lobesia botrana biocontrol.
abstract: Grape berries attacked by Lobesia botrana larvae are more easily infected by Aspergillus section Nigri (black aspergilli) ochratoxigenic species. Two-year field trials were carried out in Apulia (Italy) to evaluate a bioinsecticide control strategy against  L. botrana and the indirect effect on reducing ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in vineyards. A commercial Bacillus thuringiensis formulate and an experimental  Beauveria bassiana (ITEM-1559) formulate were tested in two vineyards cultivated with the same grape variety, Negroamaro, but with two different training systems (espalier and little-arbor techniques). In both years and training systems the treatments by B. bassiana ITEM-1559 significantly controlled L. botrana larvae attacks with effectiveness similar to B. thuringensis (more than 20%). A significant reduction of OTA concentrations (up to 80% compared to untreated controls) was observed only in the first year in both training systems, when the metereological parameters prior to harvest were more favorable to the insect attack. Results of field trials showed that B. bassiana ITEM-1559 is a valid bioinsecticide against L. botrana and that grape moth biocontrol is a strategy to reduce OTA contamination in vineyard in seasons with heavy natural infestation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari 70126, Italy. giuseppe.cozzi@ispa.cnr.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cozzi
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Somma
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haidukowski
authors.forename: Antonio F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Logrieco
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000502:physiology; D052982:Beauveria; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005516:Food Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D007306:Insecticides; D007814:Larva / Q000382:microbiology; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects; D009036:Moths; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016019:Survival Analysis; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009793:Ochratoxins; C025589:ochratoxin A