title: When liming and revegetation contribute to the mobilisation of metals: learning lessons for the phytomanagement of metal-polluted wetlands.
abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the effectiveness of liming in combination with vegetation for the recovery of slightly acidic, saline soils of eutrophic wetlands affected by mine wastes, under fluctuating flooding conditions. Simulated soil profiles were constructed and four treatments were assayed under greenhouse conditions: control, only plant, only liming, and liming and plant. The plant species was the halophyte Sarcocornia fruticosa. Three horizons were differentiated: A (never under water), C1 (alternating flooding-drying conditions), and C2 (always under water). The pH, Eh, salinity, and the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and soluble metals were measured regularly for 18 weeks. Liming favoured the growth of S. fruticosa, an increase in pH and a fall in Eh. The amendment was effective for reducing Mn, Zn, and Cd in pore water of bare soils, but not Cu and Pb. In the treatment with liming and plant, the growth of S. fruticosa counteracted the effect of the amendment, strongly increasing the concentrations of metals in pore water and distributing them along the soil profile. Hence, the combined use of liming and plants may increase the risk of metals mobilisation.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agraria, Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, E.T.S. de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48, Cartagena, 30203 Murcia, Spain. nazaret.gonzalez@upct.es
authors.forename: María Nazaret
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: González-Alcaraz
authors.forename: Héctor Miguel
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Conesa
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Rogel
mesh_terms: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000517:prevention & control; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008906:Mining; D010087:Oxides; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008670:Metals; D010087:Oxides; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C016538:lime