title: Infection of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), a bipartite begomovirus with betasatellites, results in enhanced level of helper virus components and antagonistic interaction between DNA B and betasatellites.
abstract: Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) (Geminiviridae) is an important pathogen that severely affects tomato production. An extensive survey was carried out during 2003-2010 to study the diversity of begomoviruses found in tomato, potato, and cucurbits that showed symptoms of leaf puckering, distortion, curling, vein clearing, and yellow mosaic in various fields in different regions of India. Ten begomovirus isolates were cloned from infected samples and identified as belonging to the species ToLCNDV. A total of 44 % of the samples showed association of betasatellites, with CLCuMuB and LuLDB being the most frequent. The ToLCNDV cloned component DNA A and DNA B were agroinoculated on Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants with or without betasatellites, CLCuMuB or LuLDB. The viral genome levels were then monitored by real-time polymerase chain reaction at different time points of disease development. Plants co-inoculated with betasatellites showed enhanced symptom severity in both N. benthamiana and tomato, as well as increases in helper viral DNA A and DNA B levels. The DNA B and betasatellites acted antagonistically to each other, so that the level of DNA B was 16-fold greater in the presence of betasatellites, while accumulation of betasatellites, CLCuMuB and LuLDB, were reduced by 60 % in the presence of DNA B. DNA B-mediated symptoms predominated in CLCuMuB-inoculated plants, whereas betasatellite-mediated leaf abnormalities were prominent in LuLDB-co-inoculated plants. Inoculation with the cloned components will be a good biotechnological tool in resistance breeding program.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India 110012.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jyothsna
authors.forename: Q M I
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Haq
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Sumiya
authors.forename: Shelly
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Praveen
authors.forename: Ramaveer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rawat
authors.forename: Rob W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Briddon
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Malathi
mesh_terms: D053839:Begomovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D028464:Cucurbita / Q000821:virology; D004276:DNA, Satellite / Q000235:genetics*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006378:Helper Viruses / Q000254:growth & development*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000821:virology; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000821:virology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000821:virology; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000821:virology; D014762:Viral Interference
chemical_list: D004276:DNA, Satellite; D004279:DNA, Viral