title: Macrophage-mediated inflammation and disease: a focus on the lung.
abstract: The lung is exposed to a vast array of inhaled antigens, particulate matter, and pollution. Cells present in the airways must therefore be maintained in a generally suppressive phenotype so that excessive responses to nonserious irritants do not occur; these result in bystander damage to lung architecture, influx of immune cells to the airways, and consequent impairment of gas exchange. To this end, the resident cells of the lung, which are predominantly macrophages, are kept in a dampened state. However, on occasion the suppression fails and these macrophages overreact to antigenic challenge, resulting in release of inflammatory mediators, induction of death of lung epithelial cells, deposition of extracellular matrix, and development of immunopathology. In this paper, we discuss the mechanisms behind this macrophage-mediated pathology, in the context of a number of inflammatory pulmonary disorders.
authors.affiliation: MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gwyer Findlay
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hussell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000502:physiology; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000209:etiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000209:etiology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D064446:Orexin Receptors; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000209:etiology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface; C477337:CD200R1 protein, human; D016207:Cytokines; D064446:Orexin Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C042739:antigens, CD200