title: An analysis of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus infection among Chinese blood donors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Information regarding the risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among Chinese donors is important for understanding the trend of HIV transmission routes and for developing effective donor behavioral screening policies.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2009 to 2011, a total of 77 HIV-positive and 649 HIV-negative consented donors who screened nonreactive for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, syphilis, and alanine aminotransferase in four Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study-II Chinese regions received and completed a questionnaire by mail regarding their recent and past medical procedures, drug use, and sexual behaviors, etc. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses grouped questions into three risk factors. Multivariable logistic regression analysis examined the relationship between risk factors and HIV status adjusting for center, age, sex, and education.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three risk factors were test-seeking tendency, medical-related risks, and behavioral risks. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, greater test-seeking tendency and behavioral risks were associated with HIV infection, with the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) being 2.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-4.1) and 3.8 (95% CI, 1.8-7.9), respectively, but medical risks were not (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.6-2.2). In comparison to less high school education, high school and more education was associated with lower risks for HIV infection, with the ORs being 0.35 (95% CI, 0.17-0.70) and 0.17 (95% CI, 0.09-0.33), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Test-seeking tendency and high-risk sexual behaviors are important predictors of HIV infection in Chinese blood donors, suggesting that the health history inquiry used in donor selection process needs improvement to defer high-risk donors more effectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, P.R. China; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China; Urumqi Blood Center, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P.R. China; Mianyang Blood Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R.China; Luoyang Blood Center, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China; Westat, Inc., Rockville, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jingxing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tonghan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Fuzhu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Guoxin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Xinhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Mingjiang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiuqiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yunlai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Hongli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Qilu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ness
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001782:Blood Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult