title: Beclin 1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for gastric carcinomas.
abstract: Beclin 1, an important autophagy-related protein in human cells, is involved in autophagy, differentiation, anti-apoptosis, and cancer progression, which is increased during periods of cell stress and extinguished during the cell cycle. In order to clarify the role of Beclin 1 in gastric carcinogenesis and subsequent progression, its expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH) on tissue microarrays containing gastric carcinomas, adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa, and metastatic lymph node. Gastric carcinoma tissue and cell lines were studied for Beclin 1 expression by Western blot or RT-PCR, respectively. The results demonstrated that Beclin 1 was distinctively expressed in GES-1, AGS, BGC-823, GT-3 TKB, HGC-27, KATO-III, MGC-803, MKN28, MKN45, SCH, SGC-7901, or STKM-2 at both mRNA and protein levels. However, Beclin 1 mRNA was highly expressed in gastric carcinoma than matched mucosa by real-time PCR and ISH (P < 0.05). Beclin 1 expression was negatively related to distant metastasis and poor prognosis of gastric carcinoma (P < 0.05). Beclin 1 was highly expressed in male than female patients with gastric carcinoma (P < 0.05). The 65-year-elder patients with gastric carcinoma had higher Beclin 1 expression than the younger ones (P < 0.05). The diffuse-type carcinomas showed less Beclin 1 expression than intestinal- and mixed-type ones (P < 0.05). In intestinal-type gastric carcinoma, Beclin 1 expression was inversely associated with venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that Beclin 1 expression was positively linked to favorable prognosis of the patients with overall and intestinal-type carcinoma (P < 0.05). Cox's proportional hazard model indicated that venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM staging, and Beclin 1 expression were independent prognostic factors for gastric carcinomas (P < 0.05). It was suggested that aberrant Beclin 1 expression is closely linked to pathogenesis, metastasis, and differentiation of gastric carcinoma. Beclin 1 expression might be employed to indicate the favorable prognosis of gastric carcinomas as an independent factor.
authors: Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
authors: Miao
authors: M
authors: Yu
authors: Wen-feng
authors: WF
authors: Gou
authors: Shuang
authors: S
authors: Zhao
authors: Li-jun
authors: LJ
authors: Xiao
authors: Xiao-yun
authors: XY
authors: Mao
authors: Ya-nan
authors: YN
authors: Xing
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Takahashi
authors: Yasuo
authors: Y
authors: Takano
authors: Hua-chuan
authors: HC
authors: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071186:Beclin-1; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C491997:BECN1 protein, human; D000071186:Beclin-1; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger