title: A shift to Th2 immune response caused by constitutive expression of IPSE/alpha-1 in transfected pig fibroblasts in mice.
abstract: The IPSE/alpha-1 gene (IL-4-inducing principle of Schistosoma mansoni eggs) is a major secreted glycoprotein of S. mansoni eggs that has a potent IL-4-inducing effect. To test the hypothesis that the immune evasion mechanism can be used to overcome the xenograft immune response, the IPSE/alpha-1 gene was transferred into pig fibroblasts, and the transgenic cells were transplanted into KM mice by subcutaneously injecting 10(5)cells per mouse. Cytokine levels were measured to examine the immune response polarization by real-time PCR and ELISA. Mice injected with pig fibroblasts containing a pIRES2-EGFP expression vector were used as a control group. In this group, both cellular and humoral immune responses were activated to reject the grafts alongside increases in all measured cytokine levels. In contrast, the experimental group injected with cells constitutively expressing the IPSE/alpha-1 gene demonstrated a significant decrease in Th1 response cytokines and a significant increase in Th2 response cytokines compared with the control group. These results imply that constitutive IPSE/alpha-1 expression can shift the Th1/Th2 balance of xenograft rejections toward the Th2 response while suppressing the Th1 response. In conclusion, IPSE/alpha-1 could influence the polarization of immune responses during xenograft rejection and suppress the Th1 response. Therefore, this parasitic immune evasion mechanism could be helpful in overcoming xenograft rejection.
authors: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: Shijie
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Wenzhi
authors: W
authors: Ren
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: Na
authors: N
authors: Zhao
authors: Guangpeng
authors: G
authors: Ma
authors: Pengtao
authors: P
authors: Gong
authors: Qianzhong
authors: Q
authors: Han
authors: Weizhi
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: Ju
authors: J
authors: Yang
authors: Jianhua
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Xichen
authors: X
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000235:genetics; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004527:Egg Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D017238:Genes, Helminth; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013552:Swine; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014162:Transfection; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D016207:Cytokines; D004527:Egg Proteins; D015801:Helminth Proteins; C474807:IPSE protein, Schistosoma mansoni