title: Team size in spinal cord injury inpatient rehabilitation and patient participation in therapy sessions: the SCIRehab project.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rehabilitation teams generally are described as consisting of a single representative of 6-8 disciplines, but research suggests that the number of individuals involved may be much larger. This study aimed to determine the size of teams in spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation, and the effect of team size on patients' active participation in their treatment sessions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six SCI rehabilitation centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1376 patients with traumatic SCI admitted for first rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Number of treatment sessions, by discipline and overall clinician rating of active participation of the patient; Treatment Concentration Index (TCI) calculated as Σp(k)(2) (where p refers to the proportion of treatment sessions delivered by team member k).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average patient was treated by 39.3 different clinicians. The numbers were especially high for physical therapy (mean: 8.8), occupational therapy (7.2), and nursing (16.1). TCI was 0.08 overall; it varied by discipline. TCI was negatively correlated with length of stay, except for psychology. Participation ratings were minimally affected by the number of sessions the patient and the therapist had worked together.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In SCI rehabilitation, teams are at least as large as suggested by previous research. However, this may not mean lack of familiarity of patient and therapist with one another, or alternatively, the possibly weak therapeutic alliance does not affect the patients' active participation in their sessions. Further research is needed to determine whether there are negative effects on rehabilitation outcomes.
authors: Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. marcel.dijkers@mssm.edu
authors: Marcel P
authors: MP
authors: Dijkers
authors: Rose-Marie
authors: RM
authors: Faotto
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019370:Observation; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010358:Patient Participation; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000451:nursing* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult