title: Cold-adapted X-31 live attenuated 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine elicits protective immune responses in mice and ferrets.
abstract: The 2009 pandemic influenza H1N1 (pdmH1N1) is characterized by rapid transmission among humans and disproportionate infection to children and young adults. Although the pdmH1N1 demonstrated less lethality than initially expected and has now moved into its post-pandemic period, it remains highly possible that through antigenic shift or antigenic drift the pdmH1N1 might re-emerge in the future as a more virulent strain than before, underscoring the need for vaccination prior to an outbreak. Using X-31 ca as a backbone strain, we generated a live attenuated pdmH1N1 vaccine and evaluated its potential as a safe and effective vaccine using mouse and ferret models. Despite an acceptable level of attenuation phenotypes, single dose of immunization with the vaccine efficiently stimulated both systemic and mucosal antibody responses and provided complete protection against lethal challenge with wild type pdmH1N1 virus, even at the lowest immunization dose of 10(3)PFU. The promising results of safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of the vaccine not only contribute to expanding the repertoire of live vaccines as a judicious choice for pandemic H1N1 preparedness, but also suggest the great potential of X-31 ca donor strain to serve as reliable platform for generating diverse live vaccine constructs against seasonal influenza viruses and other pandemic strains.
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Yo Han
authors: YH
authors: Jang
authors: Young Ho
authors: YH
authors: Byun
authors: Dong-Hun
authors: DH
authors: Lee
authors: Kwang-Hee
authors: KH
authors: Lee
authors: Yoon Jae
authors: YJ
authors: Lee
authors: Yun Ha
authors: YH
authors: Lee
authors: Jae-Keun
authors: JK
authors: Park
authors: Chang-Seon
authors: CS
authors: Song
authors: Baik Lin
authors: BL
authors: Seong
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005289:Ferrets; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated