title: Reconceptualizing efficacy in substance use prevention research: refusal response efficacy and drug resistance self-efficacy in adolescent substance use.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to utilize the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) to expand the construct of efficacy in the adolescent substance use context. Using survey data collected from 2,129 seventh-grade students in 39 rural schools, we examined the construct of drug refusal efficacy and demonstrated relationships among response efficacy (RE), self-efficacy (SE), and adolescent drug use. Consistent with the hypotheses, confirmatory factor analyses of a 12-item scale yielded a three-factor solution: refusal RE, alcohol-resistance self-efficacy (ASE), and marijuana-resistance self-efficacy (MSE). Refusal RE and ASE/MSE were negatively related to alcohol use and marijuana use, whereas MSE was positively associated with alcohol use. These data demonstrate that efficacy is a broader construct than typically considered in drug prevention. Prevention programs should reinforce both refusal RE and substance-specific resistance SE.
authors: Department of Communication Arts and Sciences , Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. huc144@psu.edu
authors: Hye Jeong
authors: HJ
authors: Choi
authors: Janice L
authors: JL
authors: Krieger
authors: Michael L
authors: ML
authors: Hecht
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003210:Concept Formation; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009820:Ohio; D010414:Pennsylvania; D011582:Psychological Theory; D012424:Rural Population; D020377:Self Efficacy; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires