title: Foetal umbilical artery Doppler in small preterms: (IQ) neurocognitive outcome at 5 years of age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether absent or reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery (AREDF) is associated with neonatal mortality, morbidity or long-term neurocognitive outcome in extremely preterm infants exposed to preeclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prenatal Doppler data were retrospectively collected for liveborn infants with gestational age (GA) <28 weeks or birth weight (BW) <1000 g, born small for gestational age (SGA- BW <5th percentile for GA) or of mothers with preeclampsia at the four largest university hospitals in Norway during 1999-2000. Neonatal mortality and morbidities, cerebral palsy (CP) and IQ at 5 years of age were compared for infants with or without AREDF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 260 infants, 84 were eligible and 71 of them had sufficient Doppler data. Of these, 38 (54%) had AREDF. Of 33 infants born <28 weeks, 7 of 19 (37%) with AREDF and none of 14 without AREDF had severe cerebral haemorrhage (SCH) (p = 0.01). AREDF was not significantly associated with mortality, other NICU morbidities, CP or reduced IQ. For the 38 infants with GA ≥28 weeks, AREDF (19 of 38) was not associated with adverse outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Absent or reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery (AREDF) was associated with increased risk of SCH in extremely preterm infants (GA <28 weeks).
authors: Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. helen@westbyeger.no
authors: Siw Helen W
authors: SH
authors: Eger
authors: Kristian
authors: K
authors: Sommerfelt
authors: Torvid
authors: T
authors: Kiserud
authors: Trond
authors: T
authors: Markestad
mesh_terms: D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D050498:Live Birth; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D059906:Neuroimaging; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009664:Norway; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013995:Time; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Absent or reversed end-diastolic flow; Cognitive impairment; Extremely low birth weight; Extremely premature infant; Neonatal mortality and morbidity