title: Trimodality therapy for bladder conservation in treatment of invasive bladder cancer.
abstract: During the past 25 years, prospective clinical trials have established that bladder preservation therapy for select patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer is a safe and effective alternative to an immediate cystectomy. Cisplatin-based chemoradiation is the most well-studied and accepted component of trimodality therapy; however, other systemic agents have recently been shown effective in combination with radiation therapy, increasing the range of options to allow for better personalization of care. In this review, the most recent advances in the field of bladder-preserving trimodality therapy are presented, and future directions for improving the outcomes are outlined.
authors: Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors: Timur
authors: T
authors: Mitin
authors: William U
authors: WU
authors: Shipley
authors: Jason A
authors: JA
authors: Efstathiou
authors: Niall M
authors: NM
authors: Heney
authors: Donald S
authors: DS
authors: Kaufman
authors: Richard J
authors: RJ
authors: Lee
authors: Anthony L
authors: AL
authors: Zietman
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015653:Cystectomy; D006801:Humans; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments / Q000379:methods*; D011878:Radiotherapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001743:Urinary Bladder; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents