title: Protective Effect of Silymarin against Acrolein-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice.
abstract: Reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehydes such as acrolein (ACR) are major components of environmental pollutants and have been implicated in the neurodegenerative and cardiac diseases. In this study, the protective effect of silymarin (SN) against cardiotoxicity induced by ACR in mice was evaluated. Studies were performed on seven groups of six animals each, including vehicle-control (normal saline + 0.5% w/v methylcellulose), ACR (7.5 mg/kg/day, gavage) for 3 weeks, SN (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) plus ACR, vitamin E (Vit E, 100 IU/kg, i.p.) plus ACR, and SN (100 mg/kg, i.p.) groups. Mice received SN 7 days before ACR and daily thereafter throughout the study. Pretreatment with SN attenuated ACR-induced increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), as well as histopathological changes in cardiac tissues. Moreover, SN improved glutathione (GSH) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities in heart of ACR-treated mice. Western blot analysis showed that SN pretreatment inhibited apoptosis provoked by ACR through decreasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cytosolic cytochrome c content, and cleaved caspase-3 level in heart. In conclusion, SN may have protective effects against cardiotoxicity of ACR by reducing lipid peroxidation, renewing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and preventing apoptosis.
authors: Department of Phamacodynamy and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran.
authors: Elahe
authors: E
authors: Taghiabadi
authors: Mohsen
authors: M
authors: Imenshahidi
authors: Khalil
authors: K
authors: Abnous
authors: Fatemeh
authors: F
authors: Mosafa
authors: Mojtaba
authors: M
authors: Sankian
authors: Bahram
authors: B
authors: Memar
authors: Gholamreza
authors: G
authors: Karimi