title: Iodine deficiency increases apoptosis and decreases synaptotagmin-1 and PSD-95 in rat hippocampus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Developmental iodine deficiency (ID) leads to inadequate thyroid hormone that impairs the development of the central nervous system with an unclear mechanism. Here, we show that hippocampal apoptosis, synaptotagmin-1, and PSD-95 are involved in the synaptic impairment following developmental ID.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two developmental rat models were created by administrating dam rats with either iodine-deficient diet or propylthiouracil (PTU, 15 ppm)-added drinking water from gestational day 6 till postnatal day (PND) 28. Then, the apoptosis in the hippocampus was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay, and the levels of synaptotagmin-1 and PSD-95 were detected with western blot on PND14, PND21, and PND28.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that apoptosis cells and activity of caspase3 were increased in the iodine-deficient and PTU-treatment rats (P < 0.05, respectively). The iodine-deficient and PTU-treatment pups showed significantly lower level of synaptotagmin-1 and PSD-95 in hippocampus than that of controls (P < 0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Developmental ID resulted in the increase and delay of cell apoptosis and the decrease of synaptotagmin-1 and PSD-95 in the hippocampus, which were implicated in the impairment of brain development.
authors: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P R China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Dong
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Wei
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Min
authors: Binbin
authors: B
authors: Song
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Xi
authors: Weiping
authors: W
authors: Teng
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D000076122:Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000503:physiopathology*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000172:deficiency*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D011441:Propylthiouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D050863:Synaptotagmin I / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000076122:Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; C501449:Dlg4 protein, rat; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D050863:Synaptotagmin I; C494312:Syt1 protein, rat; D011441:Propylthiouracil; D007455:Iodine; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3