title: A diet high in resistant starch modulates microbiota composition, SCFA concentrations, and gene expression in pig intestine.
abstract: Resistant starch (RS) is highly fermentable by microbiota in the colon, resulting in the production of SCFAs. RS is thought to mediate a large proportion of its health benefits, including increased satiety, through the actions of SCFAs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a diet high in RS on luminal microbiota composition, luminal SCFA concentrations, and the expression of host genes involved in SCFA uptake, SCFA signaling, and satiety regulation in mucosal tissue obtained from small intestine, cecum, and colon. Twenty adult female pigs were either assigned to a digestible starch (DS) diet or a diet high in RS (34%) for a period of 2 wk. After the intervention, luminal content and mucosal scrapings were obtained for detailed molecular analysis. RS was completely degraded in the cecum. In both the cecum and colon, differences in microbiota composition were observed between DS- and RS-fed pigs. In the colon these included the stimulation of the healthy gut-associated butyrate-producing Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, whereas potentially pathogenic members of the Gammaproteobacteria, including Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp., were reduced in relative abundance. Cecal and colonic SCFA concentrations were significantly greater in RS-fed pigs, and cecal gene expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (SLC16A1) and glucagon (GCG) was induced by RS. In conclusion, our data show that RS modulates microbiota composition, SCFA concentrations, and host gene expression in pig intestine. Combined, our data provide an enhanced understanding of the interaction between diet, microbiota, and host.
authors: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. danielle.haenen@wur.nl
authors: Daniëlle
authors: D
authors: Haenen
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Carol
authors: C
authors: Souza da Silva
authors: Guido
authors: G
authors: Bosch
authors: Ingrid M
authors: IM
authors: van der Meer
authors: Jeroen
authors: J
authors: van Arkel
authors: Joost J G C
authors: JJ
authors: van den Borne
authors: Odette
authors: O
authors: Pérez Gutiérrez
authors: Hauke
authors: H
authors: Smidt
authors: Bas
authors: B
authors: Kemp
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Müller
authors: Guido J E J
authors: GJ
authors: Hooiveld
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002432:Cecum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D054892:Metagenome / Q000187:drug effects; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013213:Starch / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters; D013213:Starch; D005934:Glucagon