title: A theory-based model for teaching and assessing residents in the operating room.
abstract: The operating room (OR) remains primarily a master/apprenticeship-based learning environment for surgical residents. Changes in surgical education and health care systems challenge faculty to efficiently and effectively graduate residents truly competent in operations classified by the Surgical Council on Resident Education as "common essential" and "uncommon essential." Program directors are charged with employing resident evaluation systems that yield useful data, yet feasible enough to fit into a busy surgical faculty member's workflow. This paper proposes a simple model for teaching and assessing residents in the operating room to guide faculty and resident interaction in the OR, and designating a resident's earned level of autonomy for a given procedure. The system as proposed is supported by theories associated with motor skill acquisition and learning.
authors: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA. ddarosa@nmh.org
authors: Debra A
authors: DA
authors: DaRosa
authors: Joseph B
authors: JB
authors: Zwischenberger
authors: Shari L
authors: SL
authors: Meyerson
authors: Brian C
authors: BC
authors: George
authors: Ezra N
authors: EN
authors: Teitelbaum
authors: Nathaniel J
authors: NJ
authors: Soper
authors: Jonathan P
authors: JP
authors: Fryer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003162:Competency-Based Education; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D017145:Models, Educational; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009873:Operating Rooms