title: Targeting IL-1 in Sjögren's syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  IL-1 plays key roles in the biological functions of various cells. In particular, many roles of IL-1 in the immune system have been discovered by numerous studies. This review focuses on the association of IL-1 with the pathogenesis of autoimmunity.
  
  
  METHODS
  An overview of the biological functions of the IL-1 family and the IL-1 receptors (IL-1Rs), including the maintenance of systemic or local homeostasis, and the signaling pathway through IL-1/IL-1R in various immune systems are described. Several functions of IL-1 in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) have been demonstrated with a focus on the immune responses and target tissues in SS. In addition to the role of IL-1 in the immune responses in SS, the function of IL-1 in ocular mucosa lesions in SS has been described. Lastly, there is an overview of possible therapeutic strategies for IL-1 inhibition in SS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-1 plays critical roles in the onset and development of SS by controlling systemic or local immune responses and maintaining the survival and mucosal defense of target epithelial cells. The inhibition of the pathogenic functions of IL-1 may be beneficial for treating SS.
authors: Institute of Health Biosciences, Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Yamada
authors: Rieko
authors: R
authors: Arakaki
authors: Yasusei
authors: Y
authors: Kudo
authors: Naozumi
authors: N
authors: Ishimaru
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007375:Interleukin-1; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1