title: Antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of iron chelators against Prevotella intermedia.
abstract: Prevotella intermedia, a major periodontopathogen, has been shown to be resistant to many antibiotics. In the present study, we examined the effect of the FDA-approved iron chelators deferoxamine (DFO) and deferasirox (DFRA) against planktonic and biofilm cells of P. intermedia in order to evaluate the possibility of using these iron chelators as alternative control agents against P. intermedia. DFRA showed strong antimicrobial activity (MIC and MBC values of 0.16 mg ml(-1)) against planktonic P. intermedia. At subMICs, DFRA partially inhibited the bacterial growth and considerably prolonged the bacterial doubling time. DFO was unable to completely inhibit the bacterial growth in the concentration range tested and was not bactericidal. Crystal violet binding assay for the assessment of biofilm formation by P. intermedia showed that DFRA significantly decreased the biofilm-forming activity as well as the biofilm formation, while DFO was less effective. DFRA was chosen for further study. In the ATP-bioluminescent assay, which reflects viable cell counts, subMICs of DFRA significantly decreased the bioactivity of biofilms in a concentration-dependent manner. Under the scanning electron microscope, P. intermedia cells in DFRA-treated biofilm were significantly elongated compared to those in untreated biofilm. Further experiments are necessary to show that iron chelators may be used as a therapeutic agent for periodontal disease.
authors: Institute of Oral Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ji-Hoi
authors: JH
authors: Moon
authors: Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.|Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
authors: Cheul
authors: C
authors: Kim
authors: Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.|Anatomy and Histology, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hee-Su
authors: HS
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sung-Woon
authors: SW
authors: Kim
authors: Institute of Oral Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jin-Yong
authors: JY
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D001565:Benzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077588:Deferasirox; D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007501:Iron / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001565:Benzoates; D002614:Chelating Agents; D014230:Triazoles; D008795:Metronidazole; D007501:Iron; D003676:Deferoxamine; D000077588:Deferasirox