title: Isolated abdominal wall defect with complete liver herniation without a covering or remnant membrane: an ominous sign: case report and review of literature.
abstract: Complete liver herniation in abdominal wall defects without a membrane is rare and its prognosis is not well documented. We present a case diagnosed at 12 weeks of gestation. At 27 weeks, a C-section was performed for fetal distress. The infant proved impossible to ventilate and died. In literature, 16 similar cases are described of whom 14 died in the neonatal period and two in infancy. This suggests that herniation of the complete liver in isolated abdominal wall defects without a remnant membrane is lethal and counselling should be provided accordingly.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. c.c.m.m.lap@umcutrecht.nl
authors: C C M M
authors: CC
authors: Lap
authors: W L M
authors: WL
authors: Kramer
authors: P G J
authors: PG
authors: Nikkels
authors: L R
authors: LR
authors: Pistorius
authors: J M G
authors: JM
authors: van Vugt
authors: G H A
authors: GH
authors: Visser
authors: G T R
authors: GT
authors: Manten
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000002:abnormalities*; D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000328:Adult; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006547:Hernia / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000151:congenital*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011379:Prognosis; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal