title: Cathelicidin LL-37 bloodstream surveillance is down regulated during septic shock.
abstract: Host defense peptides are ancient weapons of the innate immunity. The human cathelicidin LL-37 protects the epithelial barrier against infection and is constitutively secreted in the bloodstream by immune cells. Current knowledge claims that LL-37 is up regulated upon infection. LL-37 can protect against bacterial infections and possesses many immunomodulatory properties. Here, we show that the human host defense peptide LL-37 is down regulated during septic shock. Furthermore, we show that these effects are not related to vitamin D serum levels, a potent inducer of LL-37 gene expression, pointing out the complex regulation of cathelicidins during septic shock.
authors: Emergency Medicine Department, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Denise Frediani
authors: DF
authors: Barbeiro
authors: Hermes Vieira
authors: HV
authors: Barbeiro
authors: Fernando Godinho
authors: FG
authors: Zampieri
authors: Marcel Cerqueira
authors: MC
authors: César Machado
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Torggler Filho
authors: Débora Maria
authors: DM
authors: Gomes Cunha
authors: Alessandra Carvalho
authors: AC
authors: Goulart
authors: Irineu Tadeu
authors: IT
authors: Velasco
authors: Luiz
authors: L
authors: Monteiro da Cruz Neto
authors: Heraldo
authors: H
authors: Possolo de Souza
authors: Fabiano
authors: F
authors: Pinheiro da Silva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood; D054804:Cathelicidins
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D014807:Vitamin D; D054804:Cathelicidins