title: Tear meniscus evaluation by anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the repeatability of tear meniscus measurements using anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the relationship of tear meniscus measurements with tear film breakup time and Schirmer test results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, observational, cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 26 healthy subjects (26 eyes; 20 men and 6 women; mean age, 36.5 ± 6.8 years) at the University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, in this study. Examinations were conducted in the following sequence: anterior segment vertical raster scans by swept-source OCT, tear film breakup time, and Schirmer test. Each subject underwent OCT measurements twice by the same grader, and the central upper and lower tear menisci height and area and the lower tear meniscus volume were examined. Each OCT image was evaluated by 2 masked graders using the software calipers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average upper and lower tear meniscus heights were 231 ± 78 μm and 256 ± 57 μm, respectively, and the average upper and lower tear meniscus areas were 18 829 ± 7823 μm(2) and 21 903 ± 8173 μm(2), respectively. The average tear meniscus volume was 0.1327 ± 0.051 mm(3). The intergrader intraclass correlations for all the parameters were more than 95%. The OCT tear meniscus measurements and the Schirmer test scores were correlated significantly (P < .05, Spearman nonparametric correlation analysis). However, tear film breakup time was not correlated significantly with any of the parameters of tear menisci (P > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anterior segment swept-source OCT is a noninvasive and practical method that can be used for quantitative evaluation of tear fluid.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. reinafukuda1126@gmail.com
authors: Reina
authors: R
authors: Fukuda
authors: Tomohiko
authors: T
authors: Usui
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Miyai
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Yamagami
authors: Shiro
authors: S
authors: Amano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013666:Tears / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence