title: Does the Time of Day Affect Natural Head Position or It is Reproducibility?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the reproducibility of natural head position (NHP) at different times of the day and to compare the reproducibility of the initial photographs with 6-month repeat photographs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants in this prospective study were seventy 14 to 50-year-old individuals. Each participant was photographed with a digital camera twice, at three different times of the day (in the morning, at noon and in the evening) and after a 6-month interval. The reproducibility of head posture was assessed by comparing the angle between the true horizontal and the ala-tragus plane. Student's paired t-test and repeated measure analysis were used to analyze the results. To evaluate the differences between the first and second sets of photographs, Dahlberg's coefficient (method error) was also used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Repeated measure analysis did not reveal any statistically significant differences in NHP orientation at different times of the day in the initial measurements (p=0.15) or after a 6-month period (p=0.56). Dahlberg's coefficient for all the participants during the 6-month period was 3.14°. Paired t test showed significant differences in NHP orientation only in the morning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The time of the day during which the photograph is taken does not affect the reproducibility of NHP. However, this orientation was more stable in the evening and at noon than in the morning. No differences were found between genders. In conclusion, measurements of NHP with the ala-tragus plane were more stable than measurements based on intracranial reference planes.
authors: Associate professor, Shiraz Orthodontic Research Center, Orthodontic Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors: Hr
authors: H
authors: Fattahi
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Torkan
authors: Hr
authors: H
authors: Pakshir
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Darabi
keywords: Cephalometry; Photography; Radiography