title: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus E protein causes endoplasmic reticulum stress and up-regulates interleukin-8 expression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an important pathogen in swine and is responsible for substantial economic losses. Previous studies suggest that the PEDV E protein plays an important role in the viral assembly process. However, the subcellular localization and other functions of PEDV E protein still require more research.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subcellular localization and function of PEDV E protein were investigated by examining its effects on cell growth, cell cycle progression, interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression and cell survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that plenty of PEDV E protein is localized in the ER, with small quantities localized in the nucleus. The PEDV E protein has no effect on the intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) growth, cell cycle and cyclin A expression. The cells expressing PEDV E protein express higher levels of IL-8 than control cells. Further studies show that PEDV E protein induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activated NF-κB which is responsible for the up-regulation of IL-8 and Bcl-2 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that the PEDV E protein is localized in the ER and the nucleus and it can cause ER stress. The PEDV E protein had no effect on the IEC growth and cell cycle. In addition, the PEDV E protein is able to up-regulate IL-8 and Bcl-2 expression.
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors: Xingang
authors: X
authors: Xu
authors: Honglei
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Dong
authors: Yabing
authors: Y
authors: Liang
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: Hung-Jen
authors: HJ
authors: Liu
authors: Dewen
authors: D
authors: Tong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000821:virology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000821:virology; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000821:virology*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053485:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013552:Swine; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014764:Viral Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors