title: The biological effects of individual-level PM(2.5) exposure on systemic immunity and inflammatory response in traffic policemen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ambient fine-particle particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with the decline in pulmonary function, prevalence of coronary heart disease and incidence of myocardial infarction. The study is to observe the effects of ambient PM2.5 on the cardiovascular system and to explore the potential inflammatory and immune mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects included 110 traffic policemen in Shanghai, China, who were aged 25-55 years. Two-times continuous 24 h individual-level PM2.5 measurements were performed in winter and summer, respectively. The inflammatory marker (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP), immune parameters (IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE) and lymphocyte profiles (CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, CD4/CD8 T cells) were measured in blood. The associations between individual-level PM2.5 and inflammatory marker and immune parameters were analysed by multiple linear regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average concentration of 24 h personal PM2.5 for participants was 116.98 μg/m(3) and 86.48 μg/m(3) in winter and summer, respectively. In the main analysis, PM2.5 exposure is associated with the increases in hs-CRP of 1.1%, IgG of 6.7%, IgM of 11.2% and IgE of 3.3% in participants, and decreases in IgA of 4.7% and CD8 of 0.7%, whereas we found no statistical association in CD4 T cells and CD4/CD8 T cells. In the adjusted model, the results showed that the increase of PM2.5 was associated with the changes of inflammatory markers and immune markers both in winter and summer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Traffic policeman have been a high-risk group suffering inflammatory response or immune injury because of the high exposure to PM2.5. These findings provided new insight into the mechanisms linking ambient PM2.5 and inflammatory and immune response.
authors: Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Jinzhuo
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Zhiyi
authors: Z
authors: Gao
authors: Zhenyong
authors: Z
authors: Tian
authors: Yuquan
authors: Y
authors: Xie
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Xin
authors: Rongfang
authors: R
authors: Jiang
authors: Haidong
authors: H
authors: Kan
authors: Weimin
authors: W
authors: Song
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects*; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D016495:Police; D012621:Seasons; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D002097:C-Reactive Protein