title: Development of a locked nucleic acid real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Pinus armandii in mixed species pine nut samples associated with dysgeusia.
abstract: Recent work has shown that the presence of the species  Pinus armandii , even when occurring as species mixtures of pine nuts, is correlated with taste disturbance (dysgeusia), also referred to as "pine mouth". Because of this known possibility of pine nut mixtures, a need was identified for a rapid streamlined assay to detect the presence of this species in the presence of other types of pine nuts. A locked nucleic acid probe was employed in a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) format to detect a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) unique to this species. This assay was able to detect  P. armandii  in homogenates down to ∼1% concentration (the lowest level tested) in the presence of several commonly co-occurring and closely related species of pine and should prove to be a useful tool for the detection of this species in food products.
authors: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Regulatory Science, United States Food and Drug Administration-U.S. FDA, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA. sara.handy@fda.hhs.gov
authors: Sara M
authors: SM
authors: Handy
authors: Ruth E
authors: RE
authors: Timme
authors: Salena M
authors: SM
authors: Jacob
authors: Jonathan R
authors: JR
authors: Deeds
mesh_terms: D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004408:Dysgeusia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D054628:Genome, Chloroplast / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009754:Nuts; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D009841:Oligonucleotides; C477371:locked nucleic acid