title: Transtheoretical model-based passive smoking prevention programme among pregnant women and mothers of young children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated the effectiveness of a transtheoretical model (TTM)-based passive smoking prevention programme developed to enhance passive smoking avoidance among pregnant women and women with young children in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were pregnant women recruited from the obstetrics/gynaecology department and women with children younger than age 3 recruited from the paediatrics department of four hospitals in Taiwan. Participants were randomly assigned to a group receiving a TTM-based intervention programme or a comparison group receiving routine care. The intervention programme consisted of educational materials and phone counselling. Baseline assessment and post-test data were collected from both groups using a self-reported questionnaire developed based on stages of change related to readiness for passive smoking avoidance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Determinants of change, post-test scores of knowledge, experiential and behavioural processes and self-efficacy were significantly different between the intervention group and comparison group among both pregnant women and mothers. Among pregnant women, the intervention group had significantly higher post-test scores than the comparison group. The distribution of percentages in three stages of change (Precontemplation, Contemplation/Preparation and Action/Maintenance) was significantly different between the two groups among both pregnant women and mothers. However, a higher percentage of mothers made progress in stages of change compared with pregnant women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A TTM-based intervention programme was potentially effective in passive smoking prevention by improving knowledge, experiential and behavioural processes and self-efficacy among pregnant women and women with young children. A higher percentage of mothers with young children had progressed in stages of change post-intervention compared with pregnant women.
authors: 1 School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Chiu-Mieh
authors: CM
authors: Huang
authors: Hsein-Lin
authors: HL
authors: Wu
authors: Shu-He
authors: SH
authors: Huang
authors: Li-Yin
authors: LY
authors: Chien
authors: Jong-Long
authors: JL
authors: Guo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution