title: Thermal sintering: a novel technique used in the design, optimization and biopharmaceutical evaluation of propranolol HCl gastric floating tablets.
abstract: The objective of the present investigation was to study the applicability of thermal sintering technique for the development of gastric floating tablets of propranolol HCl. Formulations were prepared using four independent variables, namely (i) polymer quantity, (ii) sodium bicarbonate concentration, (iii) sintering temperature and (iv) sintering time. Floating lag time and t95 were taken as dependent variables. Tablets were prepared by the direct compression method and were evaluated for physicochemical properties, in vitro buoyancy and dissolution studies. From the drug release studies, it was observed that drug retarding property mainly depends upon the sintering temperature and time of exposure. The statistically optimized formulation (PTSso) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry studies, and no significant chemical interaction between drug and polymer was observed. Optimized formulation was stable at accelerated conditions for a period of six months. PTSso was evaluated for in vivo buoyancy studies in humans for both fed and fasted states and found that gastric residence time of the floating tablets were enhanced by fed stage but not in fasted state. Optimized formulation PTSso and commercial formulation Ciplar LA 80 were subjected to bioavailability studies in healthy human volunteers by estimating pharmacokinetic parameters such as Cmax, Tmax, area under curve (AUC), elimination rate constant (Kel), biological half-life (t1/2) and mean residence time (MRT). There was a significant increase in the bioavailability of the propranolol HCl from PTSso formulation, which was evident from increased AUC levels and larger MRT values than Ciplar LA 80.
authors: School of Pharmacy, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors: Meka
authors: M
authors: Venkata Srikanth
authors: Ambedkar Sunil
authors: AS
authors: Songa
authors: Sreenivasa Rao
authors: SR
authors: Nali
authors: Janaki Ram
authors: JR
authors: Battu
authors: Venkata Ramana Murthy
authors: VR
authors: Kolapalli
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011433:Propranolol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013607:Tablets; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D005079:Excipients; D011108:Polymers; D013607:Tablets; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D011433:Propranolol