title: Insertion/deletion (I/D) in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and breast cancer risk: lack of association in a meta- analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Breast cancer is an important cause of cancer-related death in women. Numerous studies have evaluated the association between the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and breast cancer risk. However, the specific association is still controversial rather than conclusive. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of related studies to address this controversy.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between the I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene and susceptibility to breast cancer. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  10 separate studies of 7 included articles with 10,888 subjects on the relation between the I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene and breast cancer were analyzed by meta-analysis, and our results showed no association between the I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene and breast cancer in total population and different populations. No publication bias was found in the present study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ACE I/D polymorphism may not be associated with breast cancer risk. Further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this conclusion.
authors: Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, and Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Xin-Hong
authors: XH
authors: Pei
authors: Hui-Xiang
authors: HX
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A