title: Weight gain regardless of pre-pregnancy BMI and influence of fetal gender in response to labor induction in postdate pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether maternal weight and body mass index (BMI) and their increase throughout pregnancy are associated with the response to labor induction in postdate pregnancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 376 nulliparous women carrying singleton postdate pregnancies with unfavorable cervix were enrolled. We considered as primary outcome vaginal delivery within 24 h after induction, and outcomes were divided into responders (n = 258) and non-responders (n = 107) to the induction of labor to perform the statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the total population of study, women who successfully delivered within 24 h differed significantly from the remaining patients in terms of maternal weight gain (p = 0.009) and BMI increase (p = 0.02) during pregnancy. In addition, males were significantly more (p = 0.005) than females among newborns of women not responding to induction of labor. In the multivariate analysis, maternal weight gain and fetal sex significantly influenced the induction response. The occurrence of a failed induction of labor was more likely in patients presenting a greater maternal weight gain (cut-off 12 kg) and male fetus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Weight gain over 12 kg regardless of pre-pregnancy weight and male fetal gender are two novel potential risk factors for the prediction of failure to induction of labor in postdate pregnancy.
authors: Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors: Michela
authors: M
authors: Torricelli
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Voltolini
authors: Nathalie
authors: N
authors: Conti
authors: Caterina
authors: C
authors: Bocchi
authors: Filiberto M
authors: FM
authors: Severi
authors: Felice
authors: F
authors: Petraglia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007751:Labor, Induced; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D011273:Pregnancy, Prolonged / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*