title: Pharmacogenetics of clinical response to risperidone.
abstract: Despite risperidone's proven safety and efficacy, existing pharmacogenetic knowledge could be applied to improve its clinical use. The present work aims to summarize the information about genetic polymorphisms affecting risperidone adverse reactions and efficacy during routine clinical practice. The most relevant genes involved in the metabolism of the drug (i.e., CYP2D6, CYP3A and ABCB1) appear to have the greatest potential to predict differences in plasma concentrations of the drug and its interactions, but also relate to side effects, such as neuroleptic syndrome, weight gain or polydipsia. Other genes that have been found in association at least twice with any adverse reactions including metabolic changes, extrapyramidal symptoms or prolactine increase are: 5HT2A; 5HT2C; 5HT6; DRD2; DRD3; and BDNF. Some of these genes (5HTR2A, DRD2 and DRD3), along with 5-HTTLPR and COMT, have also been reported to be related with negative clinical outcomes. However, there is not yet enough evidence to support their routine screening during clinical practice.
authors: University of Extremadura Medical School, Badajoz, Spain. allerena@unex.es
authors: Adrián
authors: A
authors: Llerena
authors: Roland
authors: R
authors: Berecz
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Peñas-Lledó
authors: Agnes
authors: A
authors: Süveges
authors: Humberto
authors: H
authors: Fariñas
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000235:genetics; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 / Q000235:genetics; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018967:Risperidone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; C104464:CYP3A protein, human; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D018967:Risperidone