title: Effective suppression of azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci formation in mice with citrus peel flavonoids.
abstract: Citrus peel or its extract has been reported to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activity. Herein, we report the first investigation of inhibitory effects of a formulated product from citrus peel extract, gold lotion (GL), on azoxymethane-induced colonic tumorigenesis. We have demonstrated that oral feeding of GL decreased the number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), particularly large size of ACF in colonic tissues of mice. Both gene and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were suppressed by GL treatment. The in vivo data have revealed for the first time that the citrus peel extract-GL-is an effective antitumor agent mechanistically downregulating the protein levels of iNOS, COX-2, ornithine decarboxylase, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 in colonic tissues of mice, suggesting that GL is a novel functional natural product capable of preventing inflammation-associated colon tumorigenesis.
authors: Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors: Ching-Shu
authors: CS
authors: Lai
authors: Shiming
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Cheng Bin
authors: CB
authors: Liu
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Miyauchi
authors: Michiko
authors: M
authors: Suzawa
authors: Chi-Tang
authors: CT
authors: Ho
authors: Min-Hsiung
authors: MH
authors: Pan
mesh_terms: D058739:Aberrant Crypt Foci / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001397:Azoxymethane / Q000633:toxicity*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase; D001397:Azoxymethane