title: Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block in children: a randomised comparison with wound infiltration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a new regional anaesthesia technique applicable to infants and children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided TAP block with high volume local anaesthetic (0.5  ml kg) during the first 24 h after surgery in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised comparative study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gaziantep University Hospital between December 2010 and May 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-seven children between 2 and 8 years of age undergoing unilateral inguinal hernia repair were randomised to TAP block (group T, n = 29) or to wound infiltration (group C, n = 28).
  
  
  METHODS
  A TAP block using ultrasound guidance with 0.25% levobupivacaine 0.5  ml kg(-1) or wound infiltration with 0.2  ml kg(-1) 0.25% levobupivacaine, was performed on the same side as the hernia under general anaesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Time to first analgesic, cumulative number of doses of analgesic, pain scores and adverse effects were assessed over the course of 24  h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The time to first analgesic (mean ± SD) was significantly longer in group T than in group C (17 ± 6.8 vs. 4.7 ± 1.6 h, respectively; P < 0.001). Thirteen (45%) patients in group T did not require any analgesic within the first 24 h. The cumulative number of doses of analgesic was significantly lower in group T than in group C (1.3 ± 1.2 vs. 3.6 ± 0.7, respectively, P < 0.001). Pain scores were significantly different between the groups at all time points except at 1, 20 and 24  h (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound-guided TAP block with high volume (0.5 ml kg) 0.25% levobupivacaine provides prolonged postoperative analgesia and reduced analgesic use without any clinical side-effects after unilateral hernia repair in children.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ACTRN12611000585921 (7/06/2011) from Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine Faculty, Gaziantep University, Turkey. drlsahin@hotmail.com
authors: Levent
authors: L
authors: Sahin
authors: Mehrican
authors: M
authors: Sahin
authors: Rauf
authors: R
authors: Gul
authors: Vahap
authors: V
authors: Saricicek
authors: Nurgul
authors: N
authors: Isikay
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000473:pathology*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000379:methods*; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000628:therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000777:Anesthetics