title: Serological and molecular evidence for natural infection of Bactrian camels with multiple subgenotypes of bovine viral diarrhea virus in Western China.
abstract: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infects both domestic and wild animals, causing substantial economic losses. In order to investigate possible infection in Bactrian camels in Western China, a total of 56 blood samples were collected from clinically healthy Bactrian camels and tested for BVDV antigens and antibodies using antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and virus neutralization test. The antigen-positive samples (n=17) were further tested for viral nucleic acids by species-specific real-time RT-PCR assays, which showed presence of BVDV-1, but not BVDV-2 nor atypical bovine pestivirus, in the camel samples. Twelve non-cytopathogenic viruses were isolated and genetically typed by sequencing of the 5'untranslated region (5'UTR) and N(pro) coding sequences. Phylogenetic analysis divided the isolates into six known subgenotypes: BVDV-1a, BVDV-1b, BVDV-1c, BVDV-1m, BVDV-1o, BVDV-1p and a putative subgenotype, BVDV-1q. This study provides, for the first time, serological and molecular evidence for natural infection of Bactrian camels in Western China with highly divergent BVDV-1 strains. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the possible roles of Bactrian camels in the epidemiology of BVD in Western China.
authors: Key Laboratory of Epizootic Diseases of Grazing Animals of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China.
authors: Shandian
authors: S
authors: Gao
authors: Jihuai
authors: J
authors: Luo
authors: Junzheng
authors: J
authors: Du
authors: Yifei
authors: Y
authors: Lang
authors: Guozheng
authors: G
authors: Cong
authors: Junjun
authors: J
authors: Shao
authors: Tong
authors: T
authors: Lin
authors: Furong
authors: F
authors: Zhao
authors: Sándor
authors: S
authors: Belák
authors: Lihong
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Huiyun
authors: H
authors: Chang
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Yin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002162:Camelus; D002417:Cattle; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D010802:Phylogeny