title: β-Trace protein: from GFR marker to cardiovascular risk predictor.
abstract: β-Trace protein, also known as Lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase, is a low-molecular mass glycoprotein (between 23,000 and 29,000 Da depending on the degree of glycosylation) that converts prostaglandin H2 into prostaglandin D2. β-Trace protein was initially isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and served as a marker of cerebrospinal fluid leakage; however, its cDNA and gene have been isolated in numerous human body tissues, including central nervous system, retina, melanocytes, heart, and male genital organs. In recent years, β-trace protein has emerged as a promising novel endogenous marker of GFR, representing a more sensitive marker for mild kidney dysfunction than serum creatinine. In this regard, β-trace protein has been proposed as an alternative marker to Cystatin C for measuring kidney function. Beyond its role for estimating renal function, β-trace protein is also emerging as a novel biomarker in cardiovascular risk. It has been associated with several cardiovascular disorders, playing a potential role for prognostic stratification in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure and acute coronary syndromes and being advocated as a novel marker for cardiovascular risk prediction.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors: Esteban
authors: E
authors: Orenes-Piñero
authors: Sergio
authors: S
authors: Manzano-Fernández
authors: Ángel
authors: Á
authors: López-Cuenca
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Marín
authors: Mariano
authors: M
authors: Valdés
authors: James L
authors: JL
authors: Januzzi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054834:Lipocalins; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C022466:prostaglandin R2 D-isomerase