title: Immediate adenoidectomy vs initial watchful waiting strategy in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections: an economic evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the costs associated with 2 clinical strategies in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs): immediate adenoidectomy vs an initial watchful waiting strategy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cost-minimization analysis from a societal perspective including both direct and indirect costs, alongside an open randomized controlled trial with a 2-year follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter study, including 11 general and 2 university hospitals in the Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population comprised 111 children aged 1 through 6 years, selected for adenoidectomy for recurrent URTIs according to current clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A strategy of immediate adenoidectomy with or without myringotomy or a strategy of initial watchful waiting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Difference in median costs during the 2-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median total of direct and indirect costs in the adenoidectomy and watchful waiting group were €1385 (US $1995) and €844 (US $1216) per patient, respectively. The extra costs in the adenoidectomy group are primarily attributable to surgery and visits to the otorhinolaryngologist. Other costs did not differ significantly between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In children selected for adenoidectomy for recurrent URTIs, immediate adenoidectomy results in an increase in costs, whereas it confers no clinical benefit over an initial watchful waiting strategy.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  trialregister.nl Identifier:NTR968; isrctn.org Identifier:ISRCTN03720485.
authors: Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. c.w.b.boonacker@umcutrecht.nl
authors: Chantal W B
authors: CW
authors: Boonacker
authors: Maaike T A
authors: MT
authors: van den Aardweg
authors: Pieter H
authors: PH
authors: Broos
authors: Arno W
authors: AW
authors: Hoes
authors: Anne G M
authors: AG
authors: Schilder
authors: Maroeska M
authors: MM
authors: Rovers
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy / Q000191:economics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D016527:Drug Costs; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D009819:Office Visits / Q000191:economics; D012008:Recurrence; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D018582:Sick Leave / Q000191:economics; D057832:Watchful Waiting / Q000191:economics*