title: Enhancing damage visibility on metallic bearing surfaces: a simple technique for photography and viewing.
abstract: Damage to metallic bearing surfaces typically involves scratches, scrapes, metal transfer, and organic deposits. This damage can cause accelerated wear of the opposing surface and subsequent implant failure. Photography and viewing of metallic bearing surfaces, for documenting this damage, are hindered by optical reflectivity. This note demonstrates a simple, practical technique for metallic bearing surface photography and viewing that minimizes this reflectivity problem, that does not involve any modification of the bearing surface, and that allows for improved observation and documentation of overall damage. When the metallic bearing surface is placed within a tube of translucent material, the appearance of damage on that bearing surface is dramatically enhanced, showing up against a smooth, even background with excellent contrast and with fine detail achievable.
authors: Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1100, USA.
authors: Anneliese D
authors: AD
authors: Heiner
authors: Karen M
authors: KM
authors: Kruger
authors: Thomas E
authors: TE
authors: Baer
authors: Thomas D
authors: TD
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D007595:Joint Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008670:Metals / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods*; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D008670:Metals