title: Phage selection of bicyclic peptides.
abstract: Bicyclic peptides are small, constrained peptides that can bind with high affinity and selectivity to protein targets. Their small size provides a number of advantages over larger protein-based ligands, including access to chemical synthesis, better tissue penetration, and a wider choice of application routes. Bicyclic peptide ligands can be identified using phage display technology with moderate effort and cost. Here we provide step-by-step protocols for the isolation of bicyclic peptide ligands using phage display. These protocols have been successfully used in our laboratory for the generation of high-affinity binders to a variety of protein targets. We describe library generation, affinity selection and ligand characterization, and provide troubleshooting advice concerning frequent problems.
authors: Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Inmaculada
authors: I
authors: Rentero Rebollo
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Heinis
mesh_terms: D001435:Bacteriophages; D061505:Cell Surface Display Techniques; D008024:Ligands; D019151:Peptide Library; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D019151:Peptide Library; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic