title: Preventing neuronal damage and inflammation in vivo during cortical microelectrode implantation through the use of poloxamer P-188.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of Poloxamer P188 to reduce cell death and immune response associated with mechanical trauma to cells during implantation of a chronic recording electrode.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ceramic multi-site recording electrodes were implanted bilaterally into 15 adult male Long-Evans rats. One of each pair was randomly assigned to receive a coating of Poloxamer while the other was treated with saline. The extent of neuron loss, and glial cell recruitment were characterized at 2, 4 and 6 weeks post-implantation by stereologic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 2 and 4 weeks post-implantation, Poloxamer-coated implants showed significantly fewer glial cells and more neurons in the peri-electrode space than controls; however, this significance was lost by 6 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings are the first to suggest that Poloxamer has neuroprotective effects in vivo; however, at a fixed loading dose, these effects are limited to approximately 1 month post-implantation.
authors: Drexel University College of Biomedical Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Misra
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Kondaveeti
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Nissanov
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Barbee
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Shewokis
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Rioux
authors: K A
authors: KA
authors: Moxon
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000009:adverse effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008839:Microelectrodes / Q000009:adverse effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D020442:Poloxamer