title: Expression of β-arrestin 1 in gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma and its relation with progression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Arrestins act as mediators of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization and trafficking, also actin as a scaffold for many intracellular signaling network. The role that β-arrestin 1 plays in gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA) and its clinicopathologic significance are untouched.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients with gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma were retrospectively enrolled and β-arrestin 1 was detected using immunohistochemistry in tissue samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nuclear expression of β-arrestin 1 was observed in 78% of GCA samples (39/50) and cytoplasmic expression in 70% (35/50). β-arrestin 1 could be found in both nucleus and cytoplasm of 54% GCA (27/50) or in either of them in 94% (47/50). β-arrestin 1 protein positivity in well/ moderately differentiated carcinomas was significantly higher than that in poorly differentiated carcinomas (P=0.005). We found increased expression of β-arrestin 1 in cytoplasm was correlated with lymph nodal metastasis (P=0.002) and pathological lymph nodal staging (P=0.030). We also found β-arrestin 1 to be over-expressed in glandular epithelia cells of mucinous adenocarcinoma, a tumour type associated with an adverse outcome of gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (P=0.022).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  β-arrestin 1 is over-expressed in the nucleus and/or cytoplasm of gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma. However, β-arrestin 1 has no relationship with the prognosis of gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (P>0.05). Our data imply that β-arrestin 1 in cytoplasm may be involved in differentiation and metastasis of gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma.
authors: Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors: Li-Guang
authors: LG
authors: Wang
authors: Ben-Hua
authors: BH
authors: Su
authors: Jia-Jun
authors: JJ
authors: Du
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D019390:Arrestins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D015996:Survival Rate; D000071559:beta-Arrestin 1; D000071557:beta-Arrestins
chemical_list: C000605253:ARRB1 protein, human; D019390:Arrestins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000071559:beta-Arrestin 1; D000071557:beta-Arrestins