title: Integrative proteomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal multiple post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of mouse spermatogenesis.
abstract: Mammalian spermatogenesis consists of many cell types and biological processes and serves as an excellent model for studying gene regulation at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Many key proteins, miRNAs, and perhaps piRNAs have been shown to be involved in post-transcriptional regulation of spermatogenesis. However, a systematic method for assessing the relationship between protein and mRNA expression has not been available for studying mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation. In the present study, we used the iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach to identify 2008 proteins in mouse type A spermatogonia, pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids, and elongative spermatids with high confidence. Of these proteins, 1194 made up four dynamically changing clusters, which reflect the mitotic amplification, meiosis, and post-meiotic development of germ cells. We identified five major regulatory mechanisms termed "transcript only," "transcript degradation," "translation repression," "translation de-repression," and "protein degradation" based on changes in protein level relative to changes in mRNA level at the mitosis/meiosis transition and the meiosis/post-meiotic development transition. We found that post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms are related to the generation of piRNAs and antisense transcripts. Our results provide a valuable inventory of proteins produced during mouse spermatogenesis and contribute to elucidating the mechanisms of the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in mammalian spermatogenesis.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, PR China.
authors: Haiyun
authors: H
authors: Gan
authors: Tanxi
authors: T
authors: Cai
authors: Xiwen
authors: X
authors: Lin
authors: Yujian
authors: Y
authors: Wu
authors: Xiuxia
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Fuquan
authors: F
authors: Yang
authors: Chunsheng
authors: C
authors: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013087:Spermatids / Q000378:metabolism; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D020543:Proteome; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering