title: In situ monitoring of Joule heating effects in germanium nanowires by μ-Raman spectroscopy.
abstract: We explored a noninvasive optical method to determine the Joule heating of individual germanium nanowires. Using confocal μ-Raman spectroscopy, variations in the optical phonon frequency, in detail the downshifting of the first-order Stokes Raman band, are correlated to the temperature increase of vapor-liquid-solid grown germanium nanowires under an applied electrical bias. The germanium nanowires were found to handle high threshold current densities of more than 10(6) A cm(-2) before sustaining immediate deterioration. Failure of single crystalline germanium nanowires was directly observed when the applied electric field reached the breakdown point of 1.25 × 10(5) V cm(-1).
authors: Institute for Solid State Electronics, TU-Wien, Floragasse 7, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. alois.lugstein@tuwien.ac.at
authors: Alois
authors: A
authors: Lugstein
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Mijić
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Burchhart
authors: Clemens
authors: C
authors: Zeiner
authors: Rupert
authors: R
authors: Langegger
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Schneider
authors: Ulrich
authors: U
authors: Schmid
authors: Emmerich
authors: E
authors: Bertagnolli