title: Increased endothelial microparticles in obese and overweight children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity in children increases the risk of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an important factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are considered as markers of endothelial dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to evaluate circulating EMPs in obese and overweight children and to disclose the measure of obesity with the strongest relation with circulating microparticles and carotid atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study included 55 obese and overweight children and 23 healthy controls. Insulin resistance was studied. Both in vivo and in vitro human umbilical vein endothelial cell evaluations were used for the study. Circulating EMPs (CD144 and CD146) were measured by flow cytometry. The carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured using ultrasound and echocardiography, respectively. Study groups were compared for anthropometric measurement, insulin resistance, circulating EMP, cIMT, and LVMI. The relationship among overweight, obesity, and circulating EMPs were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood pressure, CD144+EMP levels, and LVMI were statistically higher in the patients group than in the control group. The multiple logistic regression analysis and the backward elimination method showed that CD144+EMP and systolic blood pressure had a linear relationship with overweight and obesity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that endothelial damage starts in the early stage of childhood obesity and that obese and overweight children have increased circulating CD144+EMPs, showing that endothelial dysfunction and increased CD144+EMPs may be related to obesity.
authors: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Zübeyde
authors: Z
authors: Gündüz
authors: İsmail
authors: İ
authors: Dursun
authors: Sebahat
authors: S
authors: Tülpar
authors: Funda
authors: F
authors: Baştuğ
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Baykan
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Yıkılmaz
authors: Türkan
authors: T
authors: Patıroğlu
authors: Hakan M
authors: HM
authors: Poyrazoglu
authors: Leyla
authors: L
authors: Akın
authors: Sibel
authors: S
authors: Yel
authors: Ruhan
authors: R
authors: Düşünsel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051929:CD146 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000099152:Cadherin 5
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D051929:CD146 Antigen; D015820:Cadherins; D000099152:Cadherin 5