title: The evaluation of angiogenesis and matrix metalloproteinase-2 secretion in bone marrow of multiple myeloma patients before and after the treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Angiogenesis appears to be a prominent feature of many hematological disorders, particularly in multiple myeloma (MM). Progression in MM also involves secretion of the metaloproteinases (MMPs). In this study, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and its receptor, in bone marrow trephine biopsy (TB) of thirty six MM patients before and after the treatment or during progression was examined. The MMP-2 secretion was assessed from the same patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical staining of bone marrow specimens for angiogenic factors and microvessel density (MVD) and bone marrow aspirates for Western blot analysis of MMP-2 expression was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In active, untreated MM patients, we found statistically significant differences in the expression of angiogenic factors according to the patients after the anti-angiogenic treatment. We found statistical differences of the expression of angiogenic factors between the group of patients with a response after the treatment and the patients who had progression during the treatment. The data showed statistically significant decreased MVD after the treatment. The results showed statistically significant differences between initial secretion of MMP-2 in active, untreated MM patients and patients with a response after the treatment and patients with progression during the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We showed that not only decreased expression of angiogenic cytokines is present after the anti-angiogenic treatment but also activity of MMP-2 in MM patients who responded to the treatment. Combination therapy with the inhibition of the activity of MMPs could represent an interesting therapeutical approach in MM.
authors: Department of Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Bolkun
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Lemancewicz
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Sobolewski
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Mantur
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Semeniuk
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kulczynska
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kloczko
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Dzieciol
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D016207:Cytokines; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2