title: Gamma-tocotrienol reduces the triacylglycerol level in rat primary hepatocytes through regulation of fatty acid metabolism.
abstract: The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of vitamin E analogs, especially gamma-tocotrienol (γ-T3), on hepatic TG accumulation and enzymes related to fatty acid metabolism in three types of rat primary hepatocytes: (1) normal hepatocytes, (2) hepatocytes incubated in the presence of palmitic acid (PA), and (3) hepatocytes with fat accumulation. Our results showed that γ-T3 significantly reduced the TG content of normal hepatocytes. γ-T3 also increased the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1A) mRNA, and tended to reduce that of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA. In addition, γ-T3 markedly suppressed the gene expression of both C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and SREBP-1c induced by PA. As these two genes are located downstream of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, their suppression by γ-T3 might result from a decrease of ER stress. Moreover, γ-T3 suppressed the expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), which lies downstream of CHOP signaling. Taken together, our data suggest that γ-T3 might prevent hepatic steatosis and ameliorate ER stress and subsequent inflammation in the liver.
authors: Department of Nutrition and Life science, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-ogino, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan.
authors: Chie
authors: C
authors: Muto
authors: Rieko
authors: R
authors: Yachi
authors: Yoshinori
authors: Y
authors: Aoki
authors: Taisuke
authors: T
authors: Koike
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Igarashi
authors: Chikako
authors: C
authors: Kiyose
keywords: CHOP; CPT1A; SREBP-1c; fatty liver; tocotrienol