title: Establishment of a rat liver transplantation model with prolonged biliary warm ischemia time.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impact of different time points of secondary warm ischemia on bile duct in a rat autologous liver transplantation model with external bile drainage.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty-six male inbred SD rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups (I-IV) according to the secondary warm ischemia time of 0, 10, 20 and 40 min. A rat model of autologous liver transplantation with continuous external biliary drainage under ether anesthesia was established. Ten rats in each group were used to evaluate the one-week survival rate. At 6 h, 24 h, 3 d and 7 d after reperfusion of the hepatic artery, 6 rats were killed in each group to collect the blood sample via the infrahepatic vena cava and the median lobe of liver for assay. Warm ischemia time of liver, cold perfusion time, anhepatic phase, operative duration for biliary external drainage and survival rates in the four groups were analyzed for the establishment of models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was shown in warm ischemia time, anhepatic phase and operative duration for biliary external drainage among the four groups. Five of the 40 rats in this study evaluated for the one-week survival rate died, including three deaths of severe pulmonary infection in group IV. A significant decrease of one-week survival rate in group IV was noted compared with the other three groups. With the prolongation of the biliary warm ischemia time, the indexes of the liver function assessment were significantly elevated, and biliary epithelial cell apoptosis index also increased. Pathological examinations showed significantly aggravated inflammation in the portal area and bile duct epithelial cell injury with the prolonged secondary warm ischemia time. Microthrombi were found in the micrangium around the biliary tract in some sections from groups III and IV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relationship between secondary warm ischemia time and the bile duct injury degree is time-dependent, and 20 min of secondary warm ischemia time is feasible for the study of bile duct injury.
authors: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors: Xin-Hua
authors: XH
authors: Zhu
authors: Jun-Ping
authors: JP
authors: Pan
authors: Ya-Fu
authors: YF
authors: Wu
authors: Yi-Tao
authors: YT
authors: Ding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000473:pathology; D001659:Biliary Tract / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004322:Drainage; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006499:Hepatic Artery / Q000601:surgery; D007511:Ischemia; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D052096:Warm Ischemia
keywords: Bile duct; Liver; Rat; Transplantation; Warm ischemia