title: Restricted outbreak of American tegumentary leishmaniasis with high microfocal transmission.
abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in Salta, the northwestern province of Argentina. We describe an outbreak involving five recreational hunters whose exposure was limited to several hours in a residual patch of primary forest. All patients presented with typical cutaneous lesions after a mean incubation period of 59 days (range 15-78), and one developed simultaneous mucosal involvement. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of lesions confirmed Leishmania (V.) braziliensis as the etiologic agent in three cases. All patients were cured with anti-Leishmania treatment. Entomologic surveys in the transmission area revealed a predominance of Lutzomyia neivai. This outbreak report confirms a microfocal transmission pattern of tegumentary leishmaniasis in the Americas and based on a well-determined exposure, allows the determination of incubation times for leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis.
authors: Instituto de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina. alekrol@hotmail.com
authors: Alejandro J
authors: AJ
authors: Krolewiecki
authors: José F
authors: JF
authors: Gil
authors: Marcelo
authors: M
authors: Quipildor
authors: Silvana P
authors: SP
authors: Cajal
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Pravia
authors: Marisa
authors: M
authors: Juarez
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Villalpando
authors: Fabricio M
authors: FM
authors: Locatelli
authors: Mariana
authors: M
authors: Chanampa
authors: Gabriela
authors: G
authors: Castillo
authors: María F
authors: MF
authors: Oreste
authors: Carlos L
authors: CL
authors: Hoyos
authors: Vanesa
authors: V
authors: Negri
authors: Julio R
authors: JR
authors: Nasser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011576:Psychodidae; D014197:Trees
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid; D000666:Amphotericin B; C059765:amphotericin B, deoxycholate drug combination