title: Human type 1 innate lymphoid cells accumulate in inflamed mucosal tissues.
abstract: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are effectors of innate immunity and regulators of tissue modeling. Recently identified ILC populations have a cytokine expression pattern that resembles that of the helper T cell subsets T(H)2, T(H)17 and T(H)22. Here we describe a distinct ILC subset similar to T(H)1 cells, which we call 'ILC1'. ILC1 cells expressed the transcription factor T-bet and responded to interleukin 12 (IL-12) by producing interferon-γ (IFN-γ). ILC1 cells were distinct from natural killer (NK) cells as they lacked perforin, granzyme B and the NK cell markers CD56, CD16 and CD94, and could develop from RORγt(+) ILC3 under the influence of IL-12. The frequency of the ILC1 subset was much higher in inflamed intestine of people with Crohn's disease, which indicated a role for these IFN-γ-producing ILC1 cells in the pathogenesis of gut mucosal inflammation.
authors: Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Jochem H
authors: JH
authors: Bernink
authors: Charlotte P
authors: CP
authors: Peters
authors: Marius
authors: M
authors: Munneke
authors: Anje A
authors: AA
authors: te Velde
authors: Sybren L
authors: SL
authors: Meijer
authors: Kees
authors: K
authors: Weijer
authors: Hulda S
authors: HS
authors: Hreggvidsdottir
authors: Sigrid E
authors: SE
authors: Heinsbroek
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Legrand
authors: Christianne J
authors: CJ
authors: Buskens
authors: Willem A
authors: WA
authors: Bemelman
authors: Jenny M
authors: JM
authors: Mjösberg
authors: Hergen
authors: H
authors: Spits
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003092:Colitis / Q000276:immunology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053804:Granzymes / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D / Q000032:analysis; D057132:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054353:Perforin / Q000032:analysis; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000032:analysis; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000098815:T-bet Transcription Factor
chemical_list: D019002:CD56 Antigen; D016207:Cytokines; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D057132:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins; D000098815:T-bet Transcription Factor; D054353:Perforin; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D053804:Granzymes