title: Current antibiogram and clonal relatedness among drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Northern India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In view of the changing sensitivity pattern of Salmonella, this study was carried out to investigate the current antibiogram and clonal relatedness among the drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Northern India.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Re-emergence in the sensitivity to chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole with increase in the resistance to various quinolones has been observed. The efficacy of nalidixic acid resistance to be used as a marker for decrease in sensitivity to ciprofloxacin may vary. Clonal differences on the basis of amplification of repetitive elements (rep-PCR) were found in the two different areas within the same region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study creates a paramount baseline for rationalizing the judicious use of quinolones and re-examine the use of chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole. Molecular analysis of clinical Salmonella isolates depicts the clonal expansion of the isolates that may serve as a reference to which newer outbreak strains can be compared. rep-PCR techniques may be useful in molecular discrimination of isolates for better understanding of the Salmonella epidemiology and as a basis for development of rational control strategies.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India.
authors: Neha
authors: N
authors: Garg
authors: Rupinder
authors: R
authors: Tewari
authors: Varsha
authors: V
authors: Gupta
authors: Arti
authors: A
authors: Kapil
authors: Surinder
authors: S
authors: Kumar
authors: Praveen
authors: P
authors: Rishi
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents