title: Molecular imaging using X-ray free-electron lasers.
abstract: The opening of hard X-ray free-electron laser facilities, such as the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in the United States, has ushered in a new era in structural determination. With X-ray pulse durations down to 10 fs or shorter, and up to 10(13) transversely coherent photons per pulse in a narrow spectral bandwidth, focused irradiances of 10(18) to 10(21) W cm(-2) or higher can be produced at X-ray energies ranging from 500 eV to 10 keV. New techniques for determining the structure of systems that cannot be crystallized and for studying the time-resolved behavior of irreversible reactions at femtosecond timescales are now available.
authors: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany. anton.barty@desy.de
authors: Anton
authors: A
authors: Barty
authors: Jochen
authors: J
authors: Küpper
authors: Henry N
authors: HN
authors: Chapman