title: Development and validation of a food frequency questionnaire for consumption of polyphenol-rich foods in pregnant women.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that maternal consumption of polyphenol-rich foods after the third trimester of pregnancy may interfere with the anatomical and functional activity of the fetal heart as, to our knowledge, there are no validated instruments to quantify total polyphenols in pregnant women. The aim of this study was evaluate the reproducibility and validity of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), with 52 items, to assess the intake of polyphenol-rich foods in pregnant women in Brazil. This cross-sectional study included 120 pregnant women who participated in nutritional interviews in two moments. The intake of polyphenols estimated by the developed FFQ was compared with the average of two 24-h recalls (24HR), with the average intake measured by a 3-day food diary (D3days) and with the urinary excretion of total polyphenols. The triangular method was applied to calculate Pearson's correlation coefficients, intraclass correlation and Bland-Altman plots for the FFQ, using an independent biochemical marker, in addition to classification by quarters of consumption. The questionnaires were log transformed, adjusted for body mass index and gestational age. The adjustment for energy was applied only of 24HR and D3days. Analysis of the reproducibility between the FFQ showed a very high correlation (r = 0.72; P < 0.05). A low but significant association was observed between the FFQ and urinary excretion (0.23; P = 0.01). The association between the dietary survey methods was moderate to very high (r = 0.36 to r = 0.72; P < 0.001). In conclusion, this questionnaire showed reproducibility and validity for the quantification of consumption of total polyphenols in pregnant women.
authors: Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology of Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Izabele
authors: I
authors: Vian
authors: Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology of Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Paulo
authors: P
authors: Zielinsky
authors: Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology of Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Ana Maria
authors: AM
authors: Zilio
authors: Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology of Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Mello
authors: Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology of Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Bruna
authors: B
authors: Lazzeri
authors: Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology of Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Andressa
authors: A
authors: Oliveira
authors: Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology of Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Kenya Venusa
authors: KV
authors: Lampert
authors: Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology of Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Antônio
authors: A
authors: Piccoli
authors: Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology of Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Luis Henrique
authors: LH
authors: Nicoloso
authors: Departament of Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Guilherme Borges
authors: GB
authors: Bubols
authors: Departament of Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Solange Cristina
authors: SC
authors: Garcia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015930:Diet Records; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: antioxidants; dietary intake assessment; food frequency questionnaire; polyphenols and pregnancy; validation