title: Acetyl-keto-β-boswellic acid induces lipolysis in mature adipocytes.
abstract: Recently, it was reported that naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoids such as ursolic acid have anti-adiposity property. We studied if acetyl-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA), an established anti-inflammation and anti-cancer pentacyclic triterpenoid which has similar chemical structure to ursolic acid, may modulate adipocyte phenotype. 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes and human subcutaneous adipocytes were treated with AKBA in different concentrations in vitro. AKBA triggered significant lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes as shown by reduced neutral lipids in cytosol and increased free fatty acids in culture medium. Increased lipolysis by AKBA was accompanied by up-regulation of lipolytic enzymes, adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), and a decreased expression of lipid droplet stability regulator perilipin. In addition, AKBA treatment reduced phenotypic markers of mature adipocyte aP2, adiponectin and glut-4 in mature adipocytes. Further studies revealed that AKBA down-regulated PPAR-γ and C/EBP-α expression in a dose and temporal dependent manner in mature adipocytes. In human adipocytes, AKBA likewise mobilized lipolysis accompanied by down-regulation of PPAR-γ2 expression and loss of phenotypic markers of mature adipocytes.
authors: Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828, Republic of Singapore. liu.jianjun@alexandrahealth.com.sg
authors: Jian-Jun
authors: JJ
authors: Liu
authors: Wan Ching
authors: WC
authors: Toy
authors: Sylvia
authors: S
authors: Liu
authors: Anton
authors: A
authors: Cheng
authors: Boon Khim
authors: BK
authors: Lim
authors: Tavin
authors: T
authors: Subramaniam
authors: Chee Fang
authors: CF
authors: Sum
authors: Su Chi
authors: SC
authors: Lim
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000070778:Perilipin-1; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C545013:Cebpb protein, mouse; D047495:PPAR gamma; D000070778:Perilipin-1; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D014315:Triterpenes; C094432:acetyl-11-ketoboswellic acid