title: All-trans retinoic acid displays multiple effects on the growth, lipogenesis and adipokine gene expression of AML-I preadipocyte cell line.
abstract: Adipose tissue is a potential site of retinoic acid (RA) action, but its physiological significance remains to be clarified. We have examined the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on growth and differentiation of preadipocytes, and on adipokine gene expression in mature adipocytes using human preadipocyte cell model, AML-I. Both ATRA and 9-cis RA induced growth arrest in AML-I preadipocyte at between 50 and 100 µM, which was accompanied by apoptosis. Western blotting showed a loss of NF-κB, Bcl-2 and p-Akt, and the accumulation of Bad and Akt in cytoplasm of ATRA-treated AML-I preadipocytes. Exposure of AML-I to ATRA or 9-cis RA increased intracellular lipid accumulation in a time-dependent manner compared to vehicle-treated cells. Expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) proteins was increased in ATRA-treated cells. Thus, both ATRA and 9-cis RA promoted differentiation, inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in AML-I preadipocytes. ATRA also modulated adipokine expression by increasing the mRNA level of adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin and LPL), and by inhibiting PAI-1 mRNA expression in mature AML-I adipocytes. The data suggest that ATRA exerts a wide range of effects--growth arrest, apoptosis, lipogenesis and modulation of adipokine gene expression--during the maturation of preadipocytes into adipocytes.
authors: Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Science, Sagami Women's University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-8533, Japan. keikomorika@m8.gyao.ne.jp
authors: Keiko
authors: K
authors: Morikawa
authors: Haruka
authors: H
authors: Hanada
authors: Kaori
authors: K
authors: Hirota
authors: Mitsuko
authors: M
authors: Nonaka
authors: Chiharu
authors: C
authors: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D054392:Adipokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D054890:Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C493728:RUNX1 protein, human; D014212:Tretinoin; C518729:FASN protein, human; D054890:Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I