title: The effect of mineral trioxide aggregate on odontogenic differentiation in dental pulp stem cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to identify the early genetic changes related to odontogenic differentiation when mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is applied to dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Odontogenic-differentiated cells (induced DPSCs) were obtained by culturing DPSCs in odontoinduction medium for 14 days. Thereafter, MTA in Teflon tubes was applied to the induced DPSCs and uninduced cells. Cells exposed to empty tubes were used as negative controls. The total RNA was extracted from the MTA treated and MTA untreated cells 1 and 3 days after tube application and assessed by microarray analysis. The key results were confirmed selectively by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. We also performed a gene set enrichment analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In microarray analysis, although the expression levels of 460 genes were changed more than 2-fold in MTA-treated, uninduced DPSCs after 1 day, only 39 genes were altered in MTA-treated, induced DPSCs. In the odontoinduction medium-induced, MTA-treated DPCs, the value of correlation was 0.993 on 1 day and 0.986 on 3 day compared with 0.970 on 1 day and 0.975 on 3 day in the uninduced, MTA-treated DPSCs. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that MTA significantly up-regulated gene sets involved in cell migration, the response to transforming growth factor β1, and the inflammation pathway in the uninduced DPSCs, whereas in the induced DPSCs it only up-regulated genes involved in cell migration after 1 day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This result shows that MTA stimulates the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs, and the effects of MTA are drastically increased in uninduced pulp cells compared with odontogenic-differentiated cells.
authors: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Wonkang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors: Min-Seock
authors: MS
authors: Seo
authors: Kyung-Gyun
authors: KG
authors: Hwang
authors: Jaeseon
authors: J
authors: Lee
authors: Hyongbum
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: Seung-Ho
authors: SH
authors: Baek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D017640:Silicates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult; D000099311:Dentin Sialophosphoprotein
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D010087:Oxides; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D017640:Silicates; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D000099311:Dentin Sialophosphoprotein; C513309:DMP1 protein, human; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate