title: Depression symptoms in help-seeking adolescents: a comparison between adolescents at-risk for psychosis and other help-seekers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Depression and psychosis are severe diseases with onset in adolescence.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the association between an at-risk status of psychosis and depression symptoms in adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data were collected by an early intervention team in Finland. The PROD screen was used to assess the risk of psychosis, and Beck Depression Inventory-II was used as a measurement to assess the level of depression symptoms. Of 203 help-seeking respondents, 66 were classified as at-risk for psychosis, and 137 respondents were other help-seekers. The mean age of the subjects was 15.3 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects at-risk had significantly poorer scores in total scores for depression (p  <  0.001), and in an item-by-item analysis, the subjects at-risk had poorer scores for sadness (p  <  0.001), past failure (p  =  0.001), suicidal thoughts (p  <  0.001), crying (p  =  0.002), agitation (p  =  0.001), loss of energy (p  =  0.002) and concentration difficulty (p  <  0.001). In a logistic regression analysis of items that differed by risk status for psychosis, item of concentration difficulty (p  =  0.038) explained the at-risk status after adjustment for sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results suggest that subjects that are at-risk for psychosis have more depression symptoms than other help-seekers. This should be considered in the psychiatric care of adolescents.
authors: Department of Psychiatry , Helsinki University Central Hospital, Jorvi Hospital, Espoo, Finland. niklas.grano@hus.fi
authors: Niklas
authors: N
authors: Granö
authors: Marjaana
authors: M
authors: Karjalainen
authors: Virve
authors: V
authors: Edlund
authors: Erkki
authors: E
authors: Saari
authors: Arja
authors: A
authors: Itkonen
authors: Jukka
authors: J
authors: Anto
authors: Mikko
authors: M
authors: Roine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005387:Finland / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D057226:Information Seeking Behavior; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D055815:Young Adult