title: DNA analysis of an early modern human from Tianyuan Cave, China.
abstract: Hominins with morphology similar to present-day humans appear in the fossil record across Eurasia between 40,000 and 50,000 y ago. The genetic relationships between these early modern humans and present-day human populations have not been established. We have extracted DNA from a 40,000-y-old anatomically modern human from Tianyuan Cave outside Beijing, China. Using a highly scalable hybridization enrichment strategy, we determined the DNA sequences of the mitochondrial genome, the entire nonrepetitive portion of chromosome 21 (∼30 Mbp), and over 3,000 polymorphic sites across the nuclear genome of this individual. The nuclear DNA sequences determined from this early modern human reveal that the Tianyuan individual derived from a population that was ancestral to many present-day Asians and Native Americans but postdated the divergence of Asians from Europeans. They also show that this individual carried proportions of DNA variants derived from archaic humans similar to present-day people in mainland Asia.
authors: Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Society Joint Laboratory for Human Evolution, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100044 Beijing, China. qiaomei_fu@eva.mpg.de
authors: Qiaomei
authors: Q
authors: Fu
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Meyer
authors: Xing
authors: X
authors: Gao
authors: Udo
authors: U
authors: Stenzel
authors: Hernán A
authors: HA
authors: Burbano
authors: Janet
authors: J
authors: Kelso
authors: Svante
authors: S
authors: Pääbo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics / Q000266:history; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics* / Q000266:history / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005580:Fossils; D015723:Gene Library; D005828:Genetics, Population; D049690:History, Ancient; D015186:Hominidae / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial