title: Ultrasound enhanced release of therapeutics from drug-releasing implants based on titania nanotube arrays.
abstract: A non-invasive and external stimulus-driven local drug delivery system (DDS) based on titania nanotube (TNT) arrays loaded with drug encapsulated polymeric micelles as drug carriers and ultrasound generator is described. Ultrasound waves (USW) generated by a pulsating sonication probe (Sonotrode) in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.2 as the medium for transmitting pressure waves, were used to release drug-loaded nano-carriers from the TNT arrays. It was demonstrated that a very rapid release in pulsatile mode can be achieved, controlled by several parameters on the ultrasonic generator. This includes pulse length, time, amplitude and power intensity. By optimization of these parameters, an immediate drug-micelles release of 100% that spans a desirable time of 5-50 min was achieved. It was shown that stimulated release can be generated and reproduced at any time throughout the TNT-Ti implant life, suggesting considerable potential of this approach as a feasible and tunable ultrasound-mediated drug delivery system in situ via drug-releasing implants. It is expected that this concept can be translated from an in vitro to in vivo regime for therapeutic applications using drug-releasing implants in orthopedic and coronary stents.
authors: School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering North Building, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. moom.aw@alumni.adelaide.edu.au
authors: Moom Sinn
authors: MS
authors: Aw
authors: Dusan
authors: D
authors: Losic
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002021:Buffers; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004343:Drug Implants; D004867:Equipment Design; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008823:Micelles; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D013010:Sonication; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002021:Buffers; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004343:Drug Implants; D008823:Micelles; D014810:Vitamin E; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium; C014225:tocophersolan; D007213:Indomethacin