title: Relationship of psychology inpatient rehabilitation services and patient characteristics to outcomes following spinal cord injury: the SCIRehab project.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of psychological interventions on rehabilitation outcomes, including residence and functional status at discharge, and residence, school attendance, or employment, and physical, social, occupational, and mobility aspects of participation 1 year after spinal cord injury (SCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six inpatient rehabilitation facilities in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatients with SCI 12 years of age and older.
  
  
  METHODS
  Usual rehabilitation care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional Independence Measure at rehabilitation discharge and 1-year injury anniversary; discharge destination and residence at 1-year anniversary; Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique, Diener Satisfaction with Life Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, employment or school attendance, rehospitalization, and occurrence of a pressure ulcer at 1-year anniversary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More time in psycho-educational interventions was associated with better function, discharge to home, home residence at 1 year, and the absence of pressure ulcers at 1 year. More psychotherapeutic sessions focusing on processing emotions and/or locus of control were associated with poorer function at discharge and 1 year, less physical independence and community mobility, lower satisfaction with life, and the presence of pressure sores at 1 year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychological services are an important component of comprehensive medical rehabilitation and tailored to patient needs and readiness to benefit from rehabilitation. Services focused on remediating deficits tend to be associated with negative outcomes, while services intended to foster adjustment and growth tend to be associated with favorable outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the optimal type and timing of psychological services during inpatient rehabilitation based on individuals' strengths and vulnerabilities. Note: This is the sixth in this third series of SCIRehab articles.
authors: Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors: Allen W
authors: AW
authors: Heinemann
authors: Catherine S
authors: CS
authors: Wilson
authors: Toby
authors: T
authors: Huston
authors: Jill
authors: J
authors: Koval
authors: Samuel
authors: S
authors: Gordon
authors: Julie
authors: J
authors: Gassaway
authors: Scott E D
authors: SE
authors: Kreider
authors: Gale
authors: G
authors: Whiteneck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019370:Observation; D010351:Patient Discharge; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult