title: Body composition and lipodystrophy in prepubertal HIV-infected children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify lipodystrophy in prepubertal HIV-infected children using anthropometric parameters and body composition assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study including 40 prepubertal HIV-infected children of both genders seen at the Care Center of the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo city, Brazil, was carried out from August to December 2008. Age, clinical and immunological status, prophylaxis, transmission and highly active antiretroviral therapy were recorded. Body mass index z-score and height-for-age z-score were calculated to characterize the nutritional status. Circumferences were measured with flexible tape and skinfolds were assessed by an adipometry. Fat mass and lean mass were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Presence of clinical signs of lipodystrophy was assessed by a trained clinician. Data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age and standard deviation were 9.8 (1.2) years, 50% were girls and 82.5% children from B and C categories. Clinical lipodystrophy and dislypidemia were present in 27.5% and 70%, respectively. The trunk to arm ratio and the limb to trunk ratio had positive association with lipodystrophy. Patients with lipodystrophy had short stature, higher triglycerides values and lower HDL-cholesterol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ratios obtained by skinfolds and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements can be considered as indicators of preclinical lipodystrophy. The cutoff points have not been determined yet; however, continuous assessment may be useful to identify early body composition changes.
authors: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Cecilia Zanin
authors: CZ
authors: Palchetti
authors: Rose Vega
authors: RV
authors: Patin
authors: Aída de Fátima Thomé Barbosa
authors: Ade F
authors: Gouvêa
authors: Vera Lúcia
authors: VL
authors: Szejnfeld
authors: Regina Célia de Menezes
authors: RC
authors: Succi
authors: Fernanda Luisa Ceragioli
authors: FL
authors: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D001823:Body Composition; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male