title: Lipids and liver dysfunction in patients receiving parenteral nutrition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Abnormalities of liver function tests are common in patients with intestinal failure receiving parenteral nutrition. Lipid emulsions have been implicated in the development of hepatobiliary disease in patients receiving parenteral nutrition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lipid emulsions with reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids and specific ω6 : ω3 fatty acid ratios have been shown to have some beneficial effects on liver function, although the studies are small and generally of short duration in paediatric and adult patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is good evidence to suggest that the parenteral lipid dose should be less than 1 g/kg body weight/day, but this may not apply to all patients. The evidence is presented for the different lipid emulsions and their effect on liver function. The benefit of these emulsions compared with simply giving a lower lipid dose has yet to be studied.
authors: Lennard Jones Intestinal Failure Unit, St Mark's Hospital, Harrow, UK. s.gabe@imperial.ac.uk
authors: Simon M
authors: SM
authors: Gabe
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004655:Emulsions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012307:Risk Factors; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004655:Emulsions; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005395:Fish Oils; D008055:Lipids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; D013024:Soybean Oil