title: Results differ by applying distinctive multiple imputation approaches on the longitudinal cardiovascular health study data.
abstract: BACKGROUND/STUDY CONTEXT: The objective of this study was to examine sequential and simultaneous approaches to multiple imputation of missing data in a longitudinal data set where losses due to death were common.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of results from analyses and simulations of time to incident difficulty of activities of daily living (ADL) in the Cardiovascular Health Study when missing data were imputed simultaneously or sequentially.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results differed with imputation methods. The largest proportional differences in 12 risk factor parameter estimates were heart failure by 106%, social support by 33%, and arthritis by 27%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decedents' final characteristics were influential on future imputations of those with missing values.
authors: Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
authors: Yuming
authors: Y
authors: Ning
authors: Gail
authors: G
authors: McAvay
authors: Sarwat I
authors: SI
authors: Chaudhry
authors: Alice M
authors: AM
authors: Arnold
authors: Heather G
authors: HG
authors: Allore
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D001168:Arthritis / Q000453:epidemiology; D000072038:Cardiac Rehabilitation; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012944:Social Support