title: Absence of diabetes mellitus type 2 in obese children and adolescents in the north of Spain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The worldwide epidemic of childhood obesity has been accompanied by an increase in the incidence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other carbohydrate metabolism disorders in obese young people in the Basque Country (Spain).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 136 obese Caucasian children and adolescents (body mass index ≥2 SDS above the mean).
  
  
  METHODS
  Their severity of obesity was classified as mild <3 SDS or moderate-to-severe ≥3 SDS. Data were collected on clinical and metabolic parameters; insulin resistance (IR) was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  T2DM was not found. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was found in 9.6% of patients being higher in moderate-to-severe obesity (12.8% vs. 2.4%; p=0.048) and in patients with acanthosis nigricans (27.8% vs. 6.8%; p=0.016). No differences were detected by sex or pubertal development in metabolic results as a function of OGTT's response. IR (13.5%) was higher among those with moderate-to-severe obesity, in patients with acanthosis nigricans and was associated with other cardiovascular disease risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no children with T2DM. The prevalence of IGT and IR was related to severity of obesity, to the association of acanthosis nigricans and was associated with cardiovascular risk.
authors: Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain.
authors: Aníbal
authors: A
authors: Aguayo
authors: Amaia
authors: A
authors: Vela
authors: Angeles
authors: A
authors: Aniel-Quiroga
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Blarduni
authors: Concepción
authors: C
authors: Fernández
authors: Gema
authors: G
authors: Grau
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Núñez
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Martul
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Castaño
authors: Itxaso
authors: I
authors: Rica
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology