title: Spectroscopic characterization of a masterpiece: the Manueline foral charter of Sintra.
abstract: The foral charter attributed by D. Manuel I of Portugal, in 1514, to the village of Sintra was studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry, Raman and Infrared micro-spectroscopies. A complete characterization of the pictorial materials used in the production of this masterpiece allowed the identification of iron gall inks used in the written text; pigments such as malachite, azurite, lead white, cinnabar, yellow ochre, gold, silver and carbon black in the illuminations and letterings; filler and binder used in the production of coloring materials and inks. Gum and calcium carbonate were the most recurrent binder and filler identified in this study. Silvering and gilding were mostly obtained by applying ground silver and gold on parchment.
authors: Centro de Física Atómica da Univ. Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto 2, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Manso
authors: Agnès
authors: A
authors: Le Gac
authors: Stéphane
authors: S
authors: Longelin
authors: Sofia
authors: S
authors: Pessanha
authors: José Carlos
authors: JC
authors: Frade
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Guerra
authors: António José
authors: AJ
authors: Candeias
authors: Maria Luísa
authors: ML
authors: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D001878:Books, Illustrated / Q000266:history*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D049669:History, 16th Century; D007281:Ink; D010784:Photomicrography / Q000379:methods; D011174:Portugal; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission / Q000379:methods*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents