title: Presleep activities and time of sleep onset in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Presleep activities have been implicated in the declining sleep duration of young people. A use-of-time approach may be used to describe the presleep period. The study aims were to describe the activities undertaken 90 minutes before sleep onset and to examine the association between activities and time of sleep onset in New Zealand young people.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (N = 2017; 5-18 years) self-reported their time use as part of a national survey. All activities reported in the 90 minutes before sleep were extracted. The top 20 activities were grouped into 3 behavioral sets: screen sedentary time, nonscreen sedentary time, and self-care. An adjusted regression model was used to estimate presleep time spent in each behavioral set for 4 distinct categories of sleep onset (very early, early, late, or very late), and the differences between sleep onset categories were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the entire sample, television watching was the most commonly reported activity, and screen sedentary time accounted for ∼30 minutes of the 90-minute presleep period. Participants with a later sleep onset had significantly greater engagement in screen time than those with an earlier sleep onset. Conversely, those with an earlier sleep onset spent significantly greater time in nonscreen sedentary activities and self-care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Screen sedentary time dominated the presleep period in this sample and was associated with a later sleep onset. The development of interventions to reduce screen-based behaviors in the presleep period may promote earlier sleep onset and ultimately improved sleep duration in young people.
authors: National Institute for Health Innovation, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. L.foley@hotmail.com
authors: Louise S
authors: LS
authors: Foley
authors: Ralph
authors: R
authors: Maddison
authors: Yannan
authors: Y
authors: Jiang
authors: Samantha
authors: S
authors: Marsh
authors: Timothy
authors: T
authors: Olds
authors: Kate
authors: K
authors: Ridley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D040421:Cell Phone; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D009520:New Zealand; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012648:Self Care; D057566:Self Report; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D013690:Television