title: [Olfactory reference syndrome: a systematic review].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) is a condition characterized by the false belief that one emits a foul or offensive body odor. There is no consensus on the validity of this syndrome as an independent clinical entity.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of the literature is done (1966-2011) searching for articles about the ORS that included a case report using PsycINFO, PubMed, Medline and ISI Web of Knowledge. Data obtained from 55 cases were analyzed to evaluate clinical consistency and heuristic value of this syndrome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical picture is: social avoidance 60%, depressed mood 42%, 46% anxiety and ideas of reference 44%. In 36% of the 55 cases described an event that is identified as a trigger. The most common treatment is first antidepressants, second antipsychotics and thirdly psychotherapy, with an overall efficiency of 39%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ORS is a clinically well defined syndrome, which would support the idea of being included in the appendix of DSM-5, as an independent entity. The avoidance behaviour and the traumatic event are the more consistent data. An integrative model is propose. It also presents the clinical description and results of functional magnetic resonance imaging of a clinical case.
authors: Hospital Clínico Universitario.
authors: Begoña
authors: B
authors: Arenas
authors: Grácían
authors: G
authors: Garcia
authors: Jaime
authors: J
authors: Gómez
authors: Mercedes
authors: M
authors: Renovell
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: García
authors: Francisco E
authors: FE
authors: Olucha-Bordonau
authors: Julio
authors: J
authors: Sanjuán
mesh_terms: D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D013577:Syndrome