title: Maxillary sinus augmentation with adult mesenchymal stem cells: a review of the current literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been applied in maxillary sinus augmentation (MSA) with clinically successful results. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the systematically acquired evidence for the effectiveness of cell-based approaches in MSA with various scaffolds, and to narratively assess evidence from additional articles that report effectiveness of cell-based approaches in MSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electronic database searches were performed. Inclusion criteria were studies of cell-based approaches in MSA with various scaffolds, in humans, with at least 3 to 4 months of follow-up. Meta-analysis was performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with histologic/histomorphometric evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen studies (4 RCTs) were considered to be eligible for inclusion in the review. The meta-analysis suggested a marginal, nonstatistically significant positive effect of MSCs on the bone regrowth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A number of studies have demonstrated the potential for cell-based approaches in MSA; further RCTs that clearly demonstrate benefits of cell-based approach are needed.
authors: Dental School, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy. francescomangano1@mclink.net
authors: Francesco G
authors: FG
authors: Mangano
authors: Lucia
authors: L
authors: Tettamanti
authors: Rachel L
authors: RL
authors: Sammons
authors: Lorenzo
authors: L
authors: Azzi
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Caprioglio
authors: Aldo
authors: A
authors: Macchi
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Mangano
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000628:therapy*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D016896:Treatment Outcome