title: Evaluation of antiherpetic activity of crude extract and fractions of Avicenna marina, in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was carried out to check antiherpetic substances of crude methanol leaf extract of Avicenna marina and its column chromatographic fractions.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is a harmful pathogen especially in highly susceptible individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  The antiherpetic activity of crude methanol extract and sub-fractions was performed in different concentrations (20, 2, 0.2, and 0.02μg/ml) by use of plaque-forming unit (PFU) assay and real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most active fraction analyzed by NMR contained luteolin 7-O-methylether 3'-O-beta-d-glucoside (LMEG). The other active fraction was detected by HPLC as luteolin. The apparent effective concentrations for 50% plaque reduction (EC50) of crude methanol extract, LMEG, luteolin and ACV were 10, 5, 16.6 and 2.97μg/ml, respectively. The three extracts showed no cytotoxic effect on Vero cell line at concentrations of 32μg/ml or below. According to the consequences of time-of-addition studies, antiherpetic compound LMEG exerted an inhibitory effect on the early stage of HSV-2 infection during which it was added.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, LMEG isolated from A. marina could probably inhibit HSV attachment to the cell membrane and its entry into the cell.
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Islamic Republic of Iran. Ma_behbahani@yahoo.com
authors: Mandana
authors: M
authors: Behbahani
authors: Mehrnaz Shanehsaz
authors: MS
authors: Zadeh
authors: Hassan
authors: H
authors: Mohabatkar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032407:Avicennia / Q000737:chemistry*; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000821:virology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts