title: The value of 18F-FDG PET/contrast-enhanced CT in detection of tumor thrombus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The differentiation between tumor and bland thromboses is important as the management differs. Retrospectively, we aim to evaluate the utility of FDG PET in detecting and differentiating tumor from bland thromboses and if FDG PET provides additional value to contrast-enhanced CT for tumor thrombus detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four sites of venous thromboembolism, detected on PET/CT, were retrospectively reviewed. Classification of type of thrombosis was based on histology and radiological follow-up. We evaluated the presence of contrast-enhanced CT findings that were suggestive of tumor thrombosis; sign of invasion, neovascularity, and enhancement. Metabolic activity by means of SUV(max) was measured by drawing ROI at the site of thrombosis. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the mean SUV(max) between thromboses and internal references. We used ROC analysis to identify the optimal cutoff value of SUV(max) for detection of tumor thrombosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-four sites of venous thromboembolism were identified in 15 patients. All tumor thromboses demonstrated at least 1 positive sign on contrast-enhanced CT, whereas 33% of bland thromboses had the same finding. The difference between tumor and bland thrombus SUV(max) was statistically significant (P < 0.005). On ROC analysis, a cutoff of SUV(max) 2.25 (sensitivity, 78%; specificity, 100%) was suggested to differentiate tumor from bland thrombosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PET/CT is able to differentiate tumor from bland thrombosis, with an optimal cutoff value of SUV(max) 2.25. The metabolic information increases the diagnostic accuracy of tumor thrombus and is a useful adjunct to the described features on contrast-enhanced CT.
authors: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. eyplee77@hku.hk
authors: Elaine Yuen Phin
authors: EY
authors: Lee
authors: Pek-Lan
authors: PL
authors: Khong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18