title: Advances in multimodal neuroimaging: hybrid MR-PET and MR-PET-EEG at 3 T and 9.4 T.
abstract: Multi-modal MR-PET-EEG data acquisition in simultaneous mode confers a number of advantages at 3 T and 9.4 T. The three modalities complement each other well; structural-functional imaging being the domain of MRI, molecular imaging with specific tracers is the strength of PET, and EEG provides a temporal dimension where the other two modalities are weak. The utility of hybrid MR-PET at 3 T in a clinical setting is presented and critically discussed. The potential problems and the putative gains to be accrued from hybrid imaging at 9.4 T, with examples from the human brain, are outlined. Steps on the road to 9.4 T multi-modal MR-PET-EEG are also illustrated. From an MR perspective, the potential for ultra-high resolution structural imaging is discussed and example images of the cerebellum with an isotropic resolution of 320 μm are presented, setting the stage for hybrid imaging at ultra-high field. Further, metabolic imaging is discussed and high-resolution images of the sodium distribution are presented. Examples of tumour imaging on a 3 T MR-PET system are presented and discussed. Finally, the perspectives for multi-modal imaging are discussed based on two on-going studies, the first comparing MR and PET methods for the measurement of perfusion and the second which looks at tumour delineation based on MRI contrasts but the knowledge of tumour extent is based on simultaneously acquired PET data.
authors: Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany. n.j.shah@fz-juelich.de
authors: N Jon
authors: NJ
authors: Shah
authors: Ana-Maria
authors: AM
authors: Oros-Peusquens
authors: Jorge
authors: J
authors: Arrubla
authors: Ke
authors: K
authors: Zhang
authors: Tracy
authors: T
authors: Warbrick
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Mauler
authors: Kaveh
authors: K
authors: Vahedipour
authors: Sandro
authors: S
authors: Romanzetti
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Felder
authors: Avdo
authors: A
authors: Celik
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Rota-Kops
authors: Hidehiro
authors: H
authors: Iida
authors: Karl-Josef
authors: KJ
authors: Langen
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Herzog
authors: Irene
authors: I
authors: Neuner
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D012979:Sodium Radioisotopes; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D012979:Sodium Radioisotopes; D012964:Sodium