title: Idiopathic photosensitive occipital epilepsy: clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) features.
abstract: Idiopathic photosensitive occipital lobe epilepsy is a reflex, age- and localization-related syndrome. We describe the clinical and electroencephalographic features, therapy, and outcome of 16 children/adolescents with this syndrome. The cohort included 2 sets of siblings and 7 patients with other first- or second-degree relatives with a seizure history. All patients had occipital onset seizures and 15 had secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Seizure frequency was relatively low in all patients but one. Myoclonic seizures later developed in 2 patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Eight patients achieved full seizure control with monotherapy, and 5 required a second drug; 3 patients had rare seizures and were not treated with antiepileptics. Seven patients required special education or developmental assistance. This interesting syndrome sheds light on the pathophysiology and genetic etiology of common phenomena such as photosensitivity and headache. Further large prospective studies are required to better define this unique syndrome and its implications.
authors: 1Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqwa, Israel.
authors: Keren
authors: K
authors: Politi-Elishkevich
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Kivity
authors: Avinoam
authors: A
authors: Shuper
authors: Hagit
authors: H
authors: Levine
authors: Hadassa
authors: H
authors: Goldberg-Stern
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography; D020195:Epilepsy, Reflex / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020190:Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants
keywords: electroencephalographic (EEG); intellectual disability; occipital epilepsy; photosensitivity