title: [Immunological adjuvants. Determinant factors in the efficacy-toxicity ratio of the contemporary vaccines].
abstract: To achieve effective and safe vaccines for the prevention of not yet controlled or re-emergent infectious diseases, one of the more importance aspects is to have immunological adjuvants that allow inducing a protective immune response with an appropriate safety profile. Since 1926 the aluminium compounds have been used as adjuvants for human vaccines, and only in the last 10 years have some new products been registered. Although there an enormous quantity of proposed candidates, the toxicity is the main factor that has limited their introduction into the clinic. In this work the mechanism of action are updated, and the toxicity of the immunological adjuvants are revised, especially those that have obtained clinical approval or are close to getting it.
authors: Centro de Toxicología y Biomedicina, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Electronic address: alexander.batista@medired.scu.sld.cu.
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Batista-Duharte
authors: Departamento de Inmunología, Vicepresidencia de Investigaciones, Instituto Finlay, La Habana, Cuba.
authors: Miriam
authors: M
authors: Lastre
authors: Departamento de Inmunología, Vicepresidencia de Investigaciones, Instituto Finlay, La Habana, Cuba.
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000187:drug effects; D001183:Arthus Reaction / Q000209:etiology; D001711:Biotransformation; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016207:Cytokines; D014612:Vaccines
keywords: Adjuvants; Adyuvantes; Efficacy; Eficacia; Toxicidad; Toxicity; Vaccines; Vacunas