title: Identification of naphthalene metabolism by white rot fungus Pleurotus eryngii.
abstract: The use of biomaterials or microorganisms in PAHs degradation had presented an eye-catching performance. Pleurotus eryngii is a white rot fungus, which is easily isolated from the decayed woods in the tropical rain forest, used to determine the capability to utilize naphthalene, a two-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as source of carbon and energy. In the meantime, biotransformation of naphthalene to intermediates and other by-products during degradation was investigated in this study. Pleurotus eryngii had been incubated in liquid medium formulated with naphthalene for 14 days. The presence of metabolites of naphthalene suggests that Pleurotus eryngii begin the ring cleavage by dioxygenation on C1 and C4 position to give 1,4-naphthaquinone. 1,4-Naphthaquinone was further degraded to benzoic acid, where the proposed terepthalic acid is absent in the cultured extract. Further degradation of benzoic acid by Pleurotus eryngii shows the existence of catechol as a result of the combination of decarboxylation and hydroxylation process. Unfortunately, phthalic acid was not detected in this study. Several enzymes, including manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, laccase, 1,2-dioxygenase and 2,3-dioxygenase are enzymes responsible for naphthalene degradation. Reduction of naphthalene and the presence of metabolites in liquid medium showed the ability of Pleurotus eryngii to utilize naphthalene as carbon source instead of a limited glucose amount.
authors: Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia, hadibarata@utm.my.
authors: Tony
authors: T
authors: Hadibarata
authors: Zee Chuang
authors: ZC
authors: Teh
authors: Rubiyatno
authors: Meor Mohd Fikri Ahmad
authors: MM
authors: Zubir
authors: Ameer Badr
authors: AB
authors: Khudhair
authors: Abdull Rahim Mohd
authors: AR
authors: Yusoff
authors: Mohd Razman
authors: MR
authors: Salim
authors: Topik
authors: T
authors: Hidayat
mesh_terms: D001711:Biotransformation; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003470:Culture Media; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D020076:Pleurotus / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D009281:Naphthalenes; C031721:naphthalene