title: Effect of duration of exposure to cement dust on respiratory function of non-smoking cement mill workers.
abstract: This study aimed to determine the effect of long term exposure to cement dust on lung function in non-smoking cement mill workers. This is a cross-sectional study of respiratory functions. Spirometry was performed in 100 apparently healthy volunteers; 50 non-smoking cement mill workers and 50 non-smoking un-exposed subjects. Based on the duration of exposure, cement mill workers were divided into three groups, less than 5,  5-10 and greater than 10 years. All subjects were individually matched for age, height, weight, and socioeconomic status. Pulmonary function test was performed by using an electronic spirometer. Significant reduction was observed in the mean values of Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV(1)), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) and Maximal Voluntary Ventilation in cement mill workers who had been working in the cement industry for more than 10 years compared to their matched  un-exposed group. Lung functions in cement mill workers were significantly impaired and results show a long term duration response effect of years of exposure to cement dust on lung functions.
authors: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. sultanmeo@hotmail.com
authors: Sultan Ayoub
authors: SA
authors: Meo
authors: Abdul Majeed
authors: AM
authors: Al-Drees
authors: Abeer A
authors: AA
authors: Al Masri
authors: Fawzia
authors: F
authors: Al Rouq
authors: Muhammad Abdul
authors: MA
authors: Azeem
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D060389:Construction Industry; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010154:Pakistan; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D013147:Spirometry; D013997:Time Factors; D014797:Vital Capacity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D004391:Dust