title: Is there something special about palmitoleate?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The fatty acid, palmitoleate (16:1 n - 7), has received a lot of attention in recent years for being 'lipokine' and for the first time, we review the evidence to determine if there is something special about palmitoleate in humans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite dietary intakes being low (<4% of total energy) palmitoleate is the second most abundant monounsaturated fatty acid in most, but not all, blood lipid pools and notably more abundant in adipose tissue. Thus, compared with other fatty acids, the palmitoleate content of lipid pools must be influenced by endogenous synthesis, which appears to be tissue and depot specific. We present a summary of dietary intervention studies of food components enriched in palmitoleate but this gives inconclusive results in regards to an impact on human metabolic regulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To date, there is no strong evidence from human studies suggesting that palmitoleate has 'lipokine' effects. However, unlike other fatty acids, there is a clear tendency towards compartmentalization and tissue-specific formation of palmitoleate, which is intriguing and requires further investigation.
authors: Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK. leanne.hodson@ocdem.ox.ac.uk
authors: Leanne
authors: L
authors: Hodson
authors: Fredrik
authors: F
authors: Karpe
mesh_terms: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D009752:Nutritional Status; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D050507:Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; C008757:palmitoleic acid