title: Leishmania donovani-specific 25- and 28-kDa urinary proteins activate macrophage effector functions, lymphocyte proliferation and Th1 cytokines production.
abstract: Growing incidence of drug resistance against leishmaniasis in endemic areas and limited drug options necessitates the need for a vaccine. Notwithstanding significant leishmanial research in the past decades, a vaccine candidate is far from reality. In this study, we report the potential of two urinary leishmanial proteins to induce macrophage effector functions, inflammatory cytokines production and human lymphocytes proliferation. A total four proteins of molecular mass 25, 28, 54 and 60 kDa were identified in human urine samples. The 25 and 28 kDa proteins significantly induced NADPH oxidase (p<0.001), superoxide dismutase (p<0.001) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (p<0.001) activities in stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The release of nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin (IL)-12 was also significantly (p<0.001) higher in 25 and 28 kDa activated macrophages as compared with cells activated with other two proteins. These two proteins also induced significant (p<0.001) proliferation and release of IFN-γ and IL-12 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
authors: Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India.
authors: Vinod
authors: V
authors: Kumar
authors: Jalaj K
authors: JK
authors: Gour
authors: Nisha
authors: N
authors: Singh
authors: Surabhi
authors: S
authors: Bajpai
authors: Rakesh K
authors: RK
authors: Singh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D008970:Molecular Weight; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000469:parasitology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015800:Protozoan Proteins