title: Gustducin couples fatty acid receptors to GLP-1 release in colon.
abstract: Sweet taste receptor subunits and α-gustducin found in enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine have been implicated in release of the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in response to glucose and noncaloric sweeteners. α-Gustducin has also been found in colon, although its function there is unclear. We examined expression of α-gustducin, GLP-1, and GIP throughout the intestine. The number of α-gustducin-expressing cells and those coexpressing α-gustducin together with GLP-1 and/or GIP increased from small intestine to colon. α-Gustducin also was coexpressed with fatty acid G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 40, GPR41, GPR43, GPR119, GPR120, and bile acid G protein-coupled receptor TGR5 in enteroendocrine cells of the colon. In colon, GPR43 was coexpressed with GPR119 and GPR120, but not with TGR5. Treatment of colonic mucosa isolated from wild-type mice with acetate, butyrate, oleic acid, oleoylethanolamide, or lithocholic acid stimulated GLP-1 secretion. However, GLP-1 release in response to these fatty acids was impaired in colonic tissue from α-gustducin knockout mice.
authors: Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Zaza
authors: Z
authors: Kokrashvili
authors: Bedrich
authors: B
authors: Mosinger
authors: Robert F
authors: RF
authors: Margolskee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C498007:FFAR4 protein, mouse; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; C473036:Ffar1 protein, mouse; C506481:Ffar2 protein, mouse; C513561:Gpbar1 protein, mouse; C506482:Gpcr41 protein, mouse; C516207:Gpr119 protein, mouse; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; C524407:GNAT3 protein, mouse; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins