title: The prevalence of comorbid symptoms of central sensitization syndrome among three different groups of temporomandibular disorder patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Symptoms of central sensitization syndrome (CSS) were evaluated among three different groups of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients. Additionally, TMD group differences in pain and pain-related disability were assessed, as well as emotional distress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 250 patients with symptoms of acute TMD, recruited from dental clinics within a major metropolitan area. Sequential regressions and multivariate analyses of covariance were conducted in order to make group comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Those with a TMD Muscle Disorder (ie, myofacial TMD [m-TMD]) and those with more than one TMD diagnosis had the most symptoms of CSS and higher reports of pain and pain-related disability. Moreover, emotional distress accounted for a substantial amount of the variance for physical symptoms and mediated all TMD comparisons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myofacial TMD is characterized by a high degree of comorbidity of symptoms of CSS and associated emotional distress.
authors: Department of Psychology, College of Science, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, U.S.A.
authors: Kara M
authors: KM
authors: Lorduy
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Liegey-Dougall
authors: Robbie
authors: R
authors: Haggard
authors: Celeste N
authors: CN
authors: Sanders
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Gatchel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059333:Central Nervous System Sensitization; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013577:Syndrome; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: central sensitization syndrome; emotional distress; myofacial TMD; temporomandibular disorder