title: Relationship of patient characteristics and rehabilitation services to outcomes following spinal cord injury: the SCIRehab project.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine associations of patient characteristics along with treatment quantity delivered by seven clinical disciplines during inpatient spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation with outcomes at rehabilitation discharge and 1-year post-injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six inpatient SCI rehabilitation centers enrolled 1376 patients during the 5-year SCIRehab study. Clinicians delivering standard care documented details of treatment. Outcome data were derived from SCI Model Systems Form I and II and a project-specific interview conducted at approximately 1-year post-injury. Regression modeling was used to predict outcomes; models were cross-validated by examining relative shrinkage of the original model R(2) using 75% of the dataset to the R(2) for the same outcome using a validation subsample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient characteristics are strong predictors of outcome; treatment duration adds slightly more predictive power. More time in physical therapy was associated positively with motor Functional Independence Measure at discharge and the 1-year anniversary, CHART Physical Independence, Social Integration, and Mobility dimensions, and smaller likelihood of rehospitalization after discharge and reporting of pressure ulcer at the interview. More time in therapeutic recreation also had multiple similar positive associations. Time spent in other disciplines had fewer and mixed relationships. Seven models validated well, two validated moderately well, and four validated poorly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient characteristics explain a large proportion of variation in multiple outcomes after inpatient rehabilitation. The total amount of treatment received during rehabilitation from each of seven disciplines explains little additional variance. Reasons for this and the phenomenon that sometimes more hours of service predict poorer outcome, need additional study. Note: This is the first of nine articles in the SCIRehab series.
authors: Department of Research, Craig Hospital, Englewood, CO, USA. gale@craig-hospital.org
authors: Gale
authors: G
authors: Whiteneck
authors: Julie
authors: J
authors: Gassaway
authors: Marcel P
authors: MP
authors: Dijkers
authors: Allen W
authors: AW
authors: Heinemann
authors: Scott E D
authors: SE
authors: Kreider
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012919:Social Behavior; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult