title: Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein-1 upregulates 14-3-3σ and Reprimo to confer G(2)/M phase cell cycle arrest.
abstract: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous tumor-causing virus which infects more than 90% of the world population asymptomatically. Recent studies suggest that LMP-1, -2A and -2B cooperate in the tumorigenesis of EBV-associated epithelial cancers such as nasopharygeal carcinoma, oral and gastric cancer. In this study, LMPs were expressed in the HEK293T cell line to reveal their oncogenic mechanism via investigation on their involvement in the regulation of the cell cycle and genes that are involved. LMPs were expressed in HEK293T in single and co-expression manner. The transcription of cell cycle arrest genes were examined via real-time PCR. Cell cycle progression was examined via flow cytometry. 14-3-3σ and Reprimo were upregulated in all LMP-1 expressing cells. Moreover, cell cycle arrest at G(2)/M progression was detected in all LMP-1 expressing cells. Therefore, we conclude that LMP-1 may induce cell cycle arrest at G(2)/M progression via upregulation of 14-3-3σ and Reprimo.
authors: Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors: Kok-Siong
authors: KS
authors: Yeo
authors: Taznim Begam Mohd
authors: TB
authors: Mohidin
authors: Ching-Ching
authors: CC
authors: Ng
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000235:genetics*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; D005092:Exonucleases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005095:Exoribonucleases; D059565:G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000235:genetics; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D059566:M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000235:genetics; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000821:virology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C037662:EBV-associated membrane antigen, Epstein-Barr virus; D006023:Glycoproteins; C412566:RPRM protein, human; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D005092:Exonucleases; D005095:Exoribonucleases; C413442:SFN protein, human