title: Areca nut procyanidins ameliorate streptozocin-induced hyperglycemia by regulating gluconeogenesis.
abstract: Hepatic gluconeogenesis is a major contributor to blood glucose in diabetes mellitus. Our previous study indicated that areca nut extract enriched with catechin-based procyanidins from oligomers to polymers gave rise to anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. Here we have surveyed the molecular features of areca nut procyanidins (ANPs) using quadrupole time-of-flight liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (Q-TOF LC/MS) and the resulting mass spectrum accurately described ANP from monomer to hexadecamer. Furthermore, the potential of ANP in terms of blood glucose homeostasis was explored using cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/dexamethasone stimulated primary mouse hepatocytes and multiple low dose streptozocin (MLD-STZ) treated mice. With the primary hepatocytes, ANP dose-dependently inhibited gluconeogenesis and reduced the mRNA expression of two gluconeogenic key enzymes, phosphoenol-pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase). Intragastrically feeding of 10mg/kg ANP for 4weeks reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose, PEPCK and G6Pase in MLD-STZ mice. In additional, the level of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression showed a trend towards being restored in the ANP treated MLD-STZ-mice. This study indicated that ANP has the potential to improve hyperglycemia by regulating gluconeogenic related kinases in MLD-STZ-mice.
authors: Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Pei-Ling
authors: PL
authors: Huang
authors: Chin-Wen
authors: CW
authors: Chi
authors: Tsung-Yun
authors: TY
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001114:Areca / Q000737:chemistry*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005943:Gluconeogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D013311:Streptozocin