title: Molecular prognostic profile of Egyptian HCC cases infected with hepatitis C virus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and aggressive malignancy. Despite of the improvements in its treatment, HCC prognosis remains poor due to its recurrence after resection. This study provides complete genetic profile for Egyptian HCC. Genome-wide analyses were performed to identify the predictive signatures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Liver tissue was collected from 31 patients with diagnosis of HCC and gene expression levels in the tumours and their adjacent non-neoplastic tissues samples were studied by analyzing changes by microarray then correlate these with the clinico-pathological parameters. Genes were validated in an independent set by qPCR. The genomic profile was associated with genetic disorders and cancer focused on gene expression, cell cycle and cell death. Molecular profile analysis revealed cell cycle progression and arrest at G2/M, but progression to mitosis; unregulated DNA damage check-points, and apoptosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine hundred fifty eight transcripts out of the 25,000 studied cDNAs were differentially expressed; 503 were up-regulated and 455 were down-regulated. A total of 19 pathways were up-regulated through 27 genes and 13 pathways were down-regulated through 19 genes. Thirty-seven genes showed significant differences in their expression between HCC cases with high and low Alpha Feto Protein (AFP≥600 IU/ml). The validation for the microarray was done by real time PCR assay in which PPP3CA, ATG-5, BACE genes showed down-regulation and ABCG2, RXRA, ELOVL2, CXR3 genes showed up-regulation. cDNA microarrays showed that among the major upregulated genes in HCC are sets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identified genes could provide a panel of new diagnostic and prognostic aids for HCC.
authors: Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: Abdel-Rahman N
authors: AR
authors: Zekri
authors: Zeinab K
authors: ZK
authors: Hassan
authors: Abeer A
authors: AA
authors: Bahnassy
authors: Ghada M
authors: GM
authors: Sherif
authors: Dina
authors: D
authors: ELdahshan
authors: Mohamed
authors: M
authors: Abouelhoda
authors: Ahmed
authors: A
authors: Ali
authors: Mohamed M
authors: MM
authors: Hafez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012333:RNA, Messenger