title: Accelerative forces associated with routine inhouse transportation of rodent cages.
abstract: Transportation of rodents has repeatedly been demonstrated to potentially affect research outcomes. In addition, rapid acceleration and deceleration have marked physiologic effects. The current study determined the accelerative forces associated with common types of animal transportation  within the institution and means of reducing these effects. A rodent-sized (24 g) accelerometer was placed in a standard polycarbonate mouse cage, which then was hand-carried or loaded onto a plastic, small metal, or large metal cart. The cage then moved along a set path that included several  flooring types and obstacles. Accelerative forces within the mouse cage varied by as much as 35 m/s(2) in as little as 1 s, primarily along the vertical axis (Z-axis). Measured acceleration was greatest with the plastic cart and lowest during hand-carrying. The placement of  a towel under the cage dampened in-cage acceleration due to cart use by more than 50%, whereas a similarly located underpad had no significant effect. These data document that small rodents typically are exposed to considerable motion during transportation. The resulting physical and physiologic  effects could affect study outcomes.
authors: Biological Resources Unit, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors: Keriann
authors: K
authors: Hurst
authors: Kenneth N
authors: KN
authors: Litwak
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration / Q000009:adverse effects; D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D000830:Animals, Laboratory / Q000502:physiology*; D004607:Elevators and Escalators; D005430:Floors and Floorcoverings / Q000145:classification; D006799:Housing, Animal; D051379:Mice / Q000502:physiology*; D014186:Transportation / Q000379:methods; D014732:Vibration / Q000009:adverse effects