title: Incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of patients with bone and joint infections due to community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a systematic review.
abstract: To summarize the published evidence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) bone and joint infections. PubMed and Scopus electronic databases were searched. The annual incidence of invasive CA-MRSA infections ranged from 1.6 to 29.7 cases per 100,000, depending on the location of the population studied; bone and joint infections accounted for 2.8 to 43 % of invasive CA-MRSA infections. Surveillance studies showed that patients <2 years of age are mainly affected. Incidence rates were higher in blacks. Sixty-seven case reports and case series were identified; the majority of the patients included were children. Vancomycin and clindamycin were used effectively, in addition to surgical interventions. Seven patients out of 413 died (1.7 %) in total. Chronic osteomyelitis developed in 19 patients (data for 164 patients were available). The published evidence for CA-MRSA bone and joint infections refers mainly to children; their incidence depends on the location and race of the population. Vancomycin and clindamycin have been used effectively for their treatment.
authors: Alfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), 9 Neapoleos Street, 151 23, Marousi, Athens, Greece.
authors: K Z
authors: KZ
authors: Vardakas
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Kontopidis
authors: I D
authors: ID
authors: Gkegkes
authors: P I
authors: PI
authors: Rafailidis
authors: M E
authors: ME
authors: Falagas
mesh_terms: D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D001850:Bone Diseases, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections; D003428:Cross Infection; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome