title: The role of research for sustainable paediatric cardiac programmes in developing countries.
abstract: Significant challenges face developing countries as a result of the maldistribution of access to healthcare throughout the world, specifically access to paediatric cardiac care. Sustainable paediatric cardiac programmes must be established in developing countries to provide care to all children with congenital heart disease. Education and research are essential components to sustainable paediatric cardiac programmes in developing countries to define local problems and the incidence of disease, and to generate solutions thereto related. Research can contribute to developing local expertise, improving technology, providing opportunities for local talent, generating financial resources, enhancing the dignity of people, and the facilitating resolution of health problems throughout the world. Clinical trials conducted in developing countries should meet the same ethical standards as trials based in developed countries.
authors: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Constantine.Mavroudis.MD@flhosp.org
authors: Constantine D
authors: CD
authors: Mavroudis
authors: Constantine
authors: C
authors: Mavroudis
authors: Jeffrey P
authors: JP
authors: Jacobs
authors: Allison
authors: A
authors: Siegel
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research; D002309:Cardiology; D003906:Developing Countries; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010372:Pediatrics; D015397:Program Evaluation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012955:Societies, Medical