title: [The role of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 gene in gallbladder cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the expression of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) in gallbladder cancer (GBC) and to investigate the anti-cancer activities of TFPI-2 against the growth of GBC.
  
  
  METHODS
  TFPI-2 expression in gallbladder normal tissues, gallbladder polyp (GBP) tissues and GBC tissues were examined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot and immunohistochemical staining. Adenovirus carrying human TFPI-2 gene (Ad5-TFPI-2) were constructed and its anti-cancer effects were investigated in xenograft tumors. Xenograft tumors were constructed by injection of GBC-SD and SGC-996 cells into the flank of nude mice and the volume of xenograft tumors was measured every 3 days until the sacrifice of mice. The apoptosis index of xenograft tumors was examined by TUNEL assay. The status of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 was examined by Western blot assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TFPI-2 expression was profoundly lower in GBC tissues (87.0%) when compared to normal tissues (23.3%) and GBP tissues (52.2%; χ(2) = 21.104, P = 0.000). Ad-TFPI-2 significantly inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice. Ad-TFPI-2 inhibited GBC-SD cell growth through the induction of apoptosis. The means of total apoptotic cells per field were much higher in Ad5-TFPI-2 group than those in PBS and Ad5-GFP groups. Ad5-TFPI-2 elevated the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, while it decreased the expression of Bcl-2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TFPI-2 gene and protein was down-regulated in GBC and the down-regulation of TFPI-2 may play a role in the tumorigenesis of GBC. Adenovirus-mediated TFPI-2 can inhibit GBC growth through the induction of apoptosis.
authors: Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yi-yu
authors: YY
authors: Qin
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Gong
authors: Ming-zhe
authors: MZ
authors: Weng
authors: Ji-yu
authors: JY
authors: Li
authors: Zhi-wei
authors: ZW
authors: Quan
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008875:Middle Aged; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C021240:tissue-factor-pathway inhibitor 2; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3