title: Bactericidal activity of tracheal antimicrobial peptide against respiratory pathogens of cattle.
abstract: Tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP) is a β-defensin produced by mucosal epithelial cells of cattle. Although effective against several human pathogens, the activity of this bovine peptide against the bacterial pathogens that cause bovine respiratory disease have not been reported. This study compared the antibacterial effects of synthetic TAP against Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni, Pasteurella multocida, and Mycoplasma bovis. Bactericidal activity against M. bovis was not detected. In contrast, the Pasteurellaceae bacteria showed similar levels of susceptibility to that of Escherichia coli, with 0.125μg TAP inhibiting growth in a radial diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.56-6.25μg/ml in a bactericidal assay. Significant differences among isolates were not observed. Sequencing of exon 2 of the TAP gene from 23 cattle revealed a prevalent non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) A137G, encoding either serine or asparagine at residue 20 of the mature peptide. The functional effect of this SNP was tested against M. haemolytica using synthetic peptides. The bactericidal effect of the asparagine-containing peptide was consistently higher than the serine-containing peptide. Bactericidal activities were similar for an acapsular mutant of M. haemolytica compared to the wild type. These findings indicate that the Pasteurellaceae bacteria that cause bovine respiratory disease are susceptible to killing by bovine TAP and appear not to have evolved resistance, whereas M. bovis appears to be resistant. A non-synonymous SNP was identified in the coding region of the TAP gene, and the corresponding peptides vary in their bactericidal activity against M. haemolytica.
authors: Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Khaled
authors: K
authors: Taha-Abdelaziz
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Perez-Casal
authors: Courtney
authors: C
authors: Schott
authors: Jason
authors: J
authors: Hsiao
authors: Samuel
authors: S
authors: Attah-Poku
authors: Durđa
authors: D
authors: Slavić
authors: Jeff L
authors: JL
authors: Caswell
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016978:Mannheimia haemolytica / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D045682:Mycoplasma bovis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016979:Pasteurella multocida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015661:Pasteurellaceae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D023083:beta-Defensins; C068629:tracheal antimicrobial peptide, bovine