title: Restoration of brain antioxidant status by hydroalcoholic extract of Mimusops elengi flowers in rats treated with monosodium glutamate.
abstract: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is commonly used as a flavor enhancer in many countries. However, overconsumption of MSG has been reported to produce detrimental effects on several organs. It mainly affects the normal physiology and function of the brain and causes severe oxidative stress. Mimusops elengi Linn. traditionally is used in many countries as a brain tonic and to calm anxiety and panic attacks. The effect of standardized hydroalcoholic extract of M. elengi flowers (ME) was evaluated against MSG-induced oxidative stress and excitotoxicity in Wistar rats. Excitotoxicity was induced by intraperitoneal administration of MSG (2 g/kg) for 7 days, and ME (100 and 200 mg/kg) was administered for 3 days before and for 7 days with administration of MSG. Animals were evaluated for locomotor activity, and brain homogenates were estimated for the levels of antioxidants and nitrite. In animals treated with MSG, pretreatment with ME improved ambulatory behavior, reduced lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels, and restored the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant (glutathione, total thiols, glutathione-S-transferase and catalase) status to near-normal levels; these were altered in the MSG control animals. Altogether, this investigation demonstrates the neuroprotective effect of ME against excitotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by MSG, and the observed protective effect might be attributed to the potential antioxidant property of ME.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, Karnataka, India.
authors: Pandian
authors: P
authors: Nagakannan
authors: B D
authors: BD
authors: Shivasharan
authors: B S
authors: BS
authors: Thippeswamy
authors: V P
authors: VP
authors: Veerapur
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D032130:Mimusops / Q000737:chemistry*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012970:Sodium Glutamate / Q000633:toxicity*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011506:Proteins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D002374:Catalase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D012970:Sodium Glutamate