title: Genetic variation in the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) (G1359A polymorphism) and their influence on anthropometric parameters and metabolic parameters under a high monounsaturated vs. high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diets.
abstract: An intragenic polymorphism (1359 G/A) of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) gene was reported as a common polymorphism in Caucasian populations (rs1049353). Intervention studies with this polymorphism have yield contradictories results. We decide to investigate the role of polymorphism (G1359A) of (CNR1) gene on metabolic parameters and weight loss secondary to a high monounsaturated fat and high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diets in obese subjects. A population of 258 obese subjects was analyzed in a randomized trial. A nutritional evaluation was performed at the beginning and at the end of a 3-month period in which subjects received 1 of 2 diets (diet M: high monounsaturated fat diet vs diet P: high polyunsaturated fat diet). One hundred and sixty five patients (63.9%) had the genotype G1359G and 93 (36.1%) patients (A allele carriers) had G1359A (78 patients,30.3%) or A1359A (15 patients,5.8%) genotypes. In subjects with both genotypes, body mass index, weight, fat mass, waist circumference and systolic blood pressures decreased with both diets. With the diet-type M and in both genotype groups, biochemical parameters remained unchanged. After the diet type P and in subjects with both genotypes, glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, insulin and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels decreased. In G1359G genotype subjects after both diets, leptin levels decreased. The finding of this study is the association of the A allele with a lack of improvement on leptin levels. Subjects with both genotypes and after a high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet showed a significant improvement of LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, HOMA-IR and insulin levels.
authors: Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Medicine School and Unit of Investigation, Hospital Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain. dadluis@yahoo.es
authors: Daniel Antonio
authors: DA
authors: de Luis
authors: Rocio
authors: R
authors: Aller
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Gonzalez Sagrado
authors: Rosa
authors: R
authors: Conde
authors: Olatz
authors: O
authors: Izaola
authors: Beatriz
authors: B
authors: de la Fuente
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; C571130:CNR1 protein, human; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Cannabinoid receptor gene; High monounsaturated fat diet; High polyunsaturated fat diet; Metabolic parameters; Obesity