title: Autoimmunity in dengue pathogenesis.
abstract: Dengue is one of the most important vector-borne viral diseases. With climate change and the convenience of travel, dengue is spreading beyond its usual tropical and subtropical boundaries. Infection with dengue virus (DENV) causes diseases ranging widely in severity, from self-limited dengue fever to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Vascular leakage, thrombocytopenia, and hemorrhage are the major clinical manifestations associated with severe DENV infection, yet the mechanisms remain unclear. Besides the direct effects of the virus, immunopathogenesis is also involved in the development of dengue disease. Antibody-dependent enhancement increases the efficiency of virus infection and may suppress type I interferon-mediated antiviral responses. Aberrant activation of T cells and overproduction of soluble factors cause an increase in vascular permeability. DENV-induced autoantibodies against endothelial cells, platelets, and coagulatory molecules lead to their abnormal activation or dysfunction. Molecular mimicry between DENV proteins and host proteins may explain the cross-reactivity of DENV-induced autoantibodies. Although no licensed dengue vaccine is yet available, several vaccine candidates are under development. For the development of a safe and effective dengue vaccine, the immunopathogenic complications of dengue disease need to be considered.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, 1 University Road,Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Shu-Wen
authors: SW
authors: Wan
authors: Chiou-Feng
authors: CF
authors: Lin
authors: Trai-Ming
authors: TM
authors: Yeh
authors: Ching-Chuan
authors: CC
authors: Liu
authors: Hsiao-Sheng
authors: HS
authors: Liu
authors: Shuying
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Pin
authors: P
authors: Ling
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Anderson
authors: Huan-Yao
authors: HY
authors: Lei
authors: Yee-Shin
authors: YS
authors: Lin
mesh_terms: D019067:Antibody-Dependent Enhancement; D015551:Autoimmunity; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003715:Dengue / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D014765:Viral Vaccines
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D014765:Viral Vaccines