title: Impact of chromosomal translocations on male infertility, semen quality, testicular volume and reproductive hormone levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the relationship between male infertility and chromosomal translocations, and the influence of different types of chromosomal translocations on semen quality, testicular volume and hormone levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort of infertile men was recruited for  chromosomal analysis using standard Giemsa stain banding. Physical examinations, semen analysis, hormonal analysis and the detection of azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletions were carried out. Men with normal fertility were used as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 1056 infertile men, 22 had chromosomal  translocations (2.1%), including seven with Robertsonian translocations (0.7%), 11 with autosome-autosome reciprocal translocations (1.0%) and four with gonosome-autosome reciprocal translocations (0.4%). Left and right testicular volumes of patients with chromosomal translocations  were significantly smaller than those in the fertile control group. There were no significant differences in hormone levels between patients with chromosomal translocations and fertile controls, except for significantly lower testosterone levels in patients with Robertsonian and gonosome-autosome  reciprocal translocations compared with the controls. All AZF microdeletion analyses showed normal results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chromosomal translocations may cause reductions in testicular volume and testosterone level, which may impact spermatogenesis, resulting in azoospermia or oligozoospermia  and male infertility.
authors: Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Dong
authors: R-C
authors: RC
authors: Du
authors: Y-T
authors: YT
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: L-L
authors: LL
authors: Li
authors: R-Z
authors: RZ
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000235:genetics; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000235:genetics*; D059785:Karyotype; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D013735:Testicular Hormones / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D013737:Testis / Q000502:physiology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013735:Testicular Hormones; D013739:Testosterone