title: Protective role of silymarin against manganese-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat.
abstract: Metal toxicity may occur after exposure from many sources. Oxidative stress is thought to be involved in manganese-induced toxicity and leads to various health disorders. Silymarin (SIL), a natural flavonoid, has been reported to have many benefits and medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of manganese (Mn) on oxidative stress and DNA damage in the kidney of rats and its alleviation by SIL. Manganese was given orally in drinking water (20 mg MnCl2 /mL) with or without SIL administration (100 mg /kg intraperitoneally) for 30 days. Our data showed that SIL significantly prevented Mn induced nephrotoxicity, indicated by both diagnostic indicators of kidney injury like plasma urea, uric acid and creatinine and urinary electrolyte levels and by histopathological analysis. Moreover, Mn-induced profound elevation of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and altered the levels of oxidative stress related biomarkers in kidney tissue. This is evidenced by the increase of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, DNA fragmentation and urinary hydrogen peroxide, while, the activities of enzymatic antioxidant and glutathione level were decreased. Treatment with SIL reduced the alterations in the renal and urine markers, decreasing lipid peroxidation markers, increasing the antioxidant cascade and decreasing the Mn-induced damage. All these changes were supported by histopathological observations. These findings suggested that the inhibition of Mn-induced damage by SIL was due at least in part to its antioxidant activity and its capacity to modulate the oxidative damage.
authors: Department of Life Sciences, Animal Physiology Laboratory, UR/08-73, University of Sfax, Faculty of Sciences, BP 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors: Yassine
authors: Y
authors: Chtourou
authors: El mouldi
authors: el M
authors: Garoui
authors: Tahia
authors: T
authors: Boudawara
authors: Najiba
authors: N
authors: Zeghal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000633:toxicity*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012838:Silymarin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D020011:Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012838:Silymarin; D008345:Manganese; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: ROS; antioxidant activity; manganese; oxidative stress; rat kidney; silymarin