title: Association between vitamin A, vitamin E and apolipoprotein E status with mild cognitive impairment among elderly people in low-cost residential areas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The influence of nutritional parameters and genetic susceptibility on poor cognitive impairment has been documented; however, the association between lipid-soluble vitamins with genetic susceptibility on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has not yet been studied extensively.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was (i) to determine the prevalence of MCI and its associated risk factors and (2) to investigate the influence of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele on peripheral vitamin A and E concentration in MCI and non-MCI groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 333 subjects aged 60 years and above, residing in public housing areas in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were interviewed to obtain information on their neuropsychological status. Fasting venous blood was taken for determination of vitamin A and vitamin E concentration using high-performance liquid chromatography. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed to determine the APOE genotypes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MCI was 21.1%. Binary logistic regression indicated that the predictors of MCI were being married, overweight or obesity, and had vitamin A deficiency. In non-MCI subjects, vitamin E levels were lower among APOEε4 allele carriers as compared to the non-carriers (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study highlighted the importance of maintaining good nutritional status and vitamin A status for optimal cognitive function. The presence of APOEε4 allele has a prominent role in affecting vitamin E levels, particularly among cognitively healthy elderly in our unique population.
authors: Dietetics Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Health Care Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. suzana.shahar@gmail.com
authors: Suzana
authors: S
authors: Shahar
authors: Lai Kuan
authors: LK
authors: Lee
authors: Norfadilah
authors: N
authors: Rajab
authors: Cheng Leong
authors: CL
authors: Lim
authors: Nur Amira
authors: NA
authors: Harun
authors: Mohd Fairul Nizal Md
authors: MF
authors: Noh
authors: Sue
authors: S
authors: Mian-Then
authors: Rahman
authors: R
authors: Jamal
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics*; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E