title: Detrimental effect of electromagnetic pulse exposure on permeability of in vitro blood-brain-barrier model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) exposure on permeability of in vitro blood-brain-barrier (BBB) model.
  
  
  METHODS
  An in vitro BBB model, established by co-culturing brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) and astroglial cells (AC) isolated from rat brain, was exposed to EMP at 100 kV/m and 400 kV/m, respectively. Permeability of the model was assayed by measuring the transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) transmission at different time points. Levels of BBB tight junction-related proteins were measured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 h after EMP exposure by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TEER level was lower in BBB model group than in control group at 12 h after EMP, exposure which returned to its normal level at 24 h. The 24 h recovery process was triphasic and biphasic respectively after EMP exposure at 100 kV/m and 400 kV/m. Following exposure to 400 kV/m EMP, the HRP permeability increased at 1-12 h and returned to its normal level at 24 h. Western blotting showed that the claudin-5 and ZO-1 protein levels were changed after EMP exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EMP exposure at 100 kV/m and 400 kV/m can increase the permeability of in vitro BBB model and BBB tight junction-related proteins such as ZO-1 and claudin-5 may change EMP-induced BBB permeability.
authors: Department of Radiation Medicine, Preventive Medicine College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
authors: Jia Xing
authors: JX
authors: Zhou
authors: Gui Rong
authors: GR
authors: Ding
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Yong Chun
authors: YC
authors: Zhou
authors: Yan Jun
authors: YJ
authors: Zhang
authors: Guo Zhen
authors: GZ
authors: Guo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
keywords: Blood-brain-barrier; Claudin-5; Electromagnetic pulse; HRP; Permeability; TEER; ZO-1