title: Impact of bent distortion on accuracy of measurement during transrectal ultrasonography for prostatic imaging: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of bent distortion of the image of the prostate on the accuracy of 3-dimensional measurements during transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS).
  
  
  METHODS
  TRUS images were obtained prospectively from 60 patients with prostate cancer. The degree of rectal compression on the probe was varied in each case to obtain a typical bent distortion image (BDI) and a minimally bent image (MBI). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) served as the reference. Axial and midsagittal BDI, MDI, and MRI were selected. Three-dimensional prostate diameters (height, width, and length) and volume were obtained from all images by 2 independent observers. The data were analyzed by using a paired t test, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and Bland-Altman plots.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MBI and BDI diameters differed significantly (P <.001). All ICCs for the MBI diameters and volume and the ICCs for BDI length and volume exceeded 0.9, which indicates high measurement reliability. However, the ICCs for BDI height and width were below 0.9. When the difference in MBI or BDI relative to MRI was calculated for each variable, the MBI differences were all significantly smaller than the BDI differences (P <.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bent distortion during TRUS affects the accuracy of measurements. MBI is also morphologically more realistic than BDI. Therefore, to minimize prostatic image distortion, the rectal probe should be placed so that the posterior wall of the prostate is as flat as possible.
authors: Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hyung Ho
authors: HH
authors: Lee
authors: Joo Yong
authors: JY
authors: Lee
authors: Ho Song
authors: HS
authors: Yu
authors: Richilda Red
authors: RR
authors: Diaz
authors: Won Sik
authors: WS
authors: Ham
authors: Koon Ho
authors: KH
authors: Rha
authors: Young Deuk
authors: YD
authors: Choi
authors: Kang Su
authors: KS
authors: Cho
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014463:Ultrasonography