title: Residue depletion of nifuroxazide in broiler chicken.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several nitrofuran drugs have been prohibited for use in food producing animals due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. However, one of the nitrofurans, nifuroxazide, is still used as a veterinary drug in some countries. This study was conducted to investigate the residue depletion of nifuroxazide in broiler chicken. Chickens were fed with dietary feeds containing 50 mg kg⁻¹ of nifuroxazide for seven consecutive days. Liver, kidney, muscle and plasma samples were collected at different withdrawal periods, and the residues of parent nifuroxazide and its acid-hydrolysable side chain, 4-hydroxybenzhydrazide (HBH), in these samples were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nifuroxazide was metabolised in vivo and its metabolite HBH was formed. Parent nifuroxazide was not detectable in these samples after 14 days of cessation. HBH was detectable in these samples even after 28 days of cessation and the total HBH residues were higher than 1.0 ng g⁻¹. Furthermore, the residue level of tissue bound HBH was much higher than that of free HBH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tissue-bound HBH could be used as a marker to monitor the residue of nifuroxazide in chicken and the best target tissue should be liver. This is the first paper reporting the residue depletion of nifuroxazide in chicken.
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding Hebei, China 071000.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Gao
authors: Qi Di
authors: QD
authors: Zhang
authors: Zhen Hong
authors: ZH
authors: Zhang
authors: Xiao Dong
authors: XD
authors: Yan
authors: Hui Cai
authors: HC
authors: Zhang
authors: Jian Ping
authors: JP
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001711:Biotransformation; D002645:Chickens; D002681:China; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005503:Food Additives / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005506:Food Contamination; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009581:Nitrofurans / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011897:Random Allocation; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D005503:Food Additives; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D009581:Nitrofurans; D019155:Veterinary Drugs; C002429:4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide; C013150:nifuroxazide