title: A new model for dura mater healing: human dural fibroblast culture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dura mater healing is crucial to prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks after neurosurgical procedures. Biological mechanisms leading to dural closure are only partially understood and have been studied in animals exclusively. We studied an in vitro model of dural closure which uses human cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used human dura intended for disposal after surgery. Explant primary cultures were performed. Cells were characterized through common staining and immunohistochemistry. A cell growth curve was elaborated and the effect of dexamethasone on cell count was assessed. Spongostan®, oxidized regenerated cellulose and autologous plastic materials were also evaluated for their effect on cellular growth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All specimens showed growth in fusiform cells, which project pseudopods and fuse into spindles. Cells showed desmin and vimentin positivity, and were negative for all the other stains, behaving phenotypically like fibroblasts. No collagen base was necessary for cell growth. Dexamethasone decreased cell count in the primary culture as well as in the explant, and reduced the cell proliferation marker Ki-67. Spongostan® was successfully used as a graft, and fibroblast cultures were additionally developed with muscle, pericranium, galea, and fascia. Oxidized cellulose induced cell death by lowering the pH of the solution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the findings, unlike mini-pigs and rabbits, in humans, dural fibroblast sensitivity to collagen seems to be lower. Dexamethasone inhibits fibroblast invasion, which is the biological base of wound dehiscence in cranial surgery. Although Spongostan is useful, Surgicel® can lower the media pH, thereby inhibiting cellular growth.
authors: Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires City, Argentina.
authors: Ezequiel
authors: E
authors: Goldschmidt
authors: Santiago
authors: S
authors: Hem
authors: Pablo
authors: P
authors: Ajler
authors: Marcelo
authors: M
authors: Ielpi
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Loresi
authors: Diego
authors: D
authors: Giunta
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Carrizo
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Yampolsky
authors: Pablo
authors: P
authors: Argibay
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002483:Cellulose, Oxidized / Q000494:pharmacology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005339:Fibrin Foam / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002483:Cellulose, Oxidized; D005339:Fibrin Foam; D006490:Hemostatics; D003907:Dexamethasone