title: Change in body fat mass is independently associated with executive functions in older women: a secondary analysis of a 12-month randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the independent contribution of change in sub-total body fat and lean mass to cognitive performance, specifically the executive processes of selective attention and conflict resolution, in community-dwelling older women.
  
  
  METHODS
  This secondary analysis included 114 women aged 65 to 75 years old. Participants were randomly allocated to once-weekly resistance training, twice-weekly resistance training, or twice-weekly balance and tone training. The primary outcome measure was the executive processes of selective attention and conflict resolution as assessed by the Stroop Test. Sub-total body fat and lean mass were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to determine the independent association of change in both sub-total body fat and sub-total body lean mass with Stroop Test performance at trial completion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A multiple linear regression model showed reductions in sub-total body fat mass to be independently associated with better performance on the Stroop Test at trial completion after accounting for baseline Stroop performance, age, baseline global cognitive state, baseline number of comorbidities, baseline depression, and experimental group. The total variance explained was 39.5%; change in sub-total body fat mass explained 3.9% of the variance. Change in sub-total body lean mass was not independently associated with Stroop Test performance (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that reductions in sub-total body fat mass - not sub-total lean mass - is associated with better performance of selective attention and conflict resolution.
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Dao
authors: Jennifer C
authors: JC
authors: Davis
authors: Devika
authors: D
authors: Sharma
authors: Alison
authors: A
authors: Chan
authors: Lindsay S
authors: LS
authors: Nagamatsu
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Liu-Ambrose
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001823:Body Composition; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D009129:Muscle Tonus; D004856:Postural Balance; D055070:Resistance Training