title: Laryngeal pathologies as an etiologic factor of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children.
abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a chronic condition of airway obstruction, common in children, with known clinical consequences. The etiology of OSAS in children stems from a combination of obstructing structural factors and neuromotor factors. In children, tonsilar hypertrophy accounts for this condition in most cases, however, in about 20% of the cases, other causes are involved. For the treatment of apnea in children, adenotonsillectomy is the most commonly performed procedure, though we should indicate the treatment according to its underlying cause. The aim of this paper is to highlight other possible apnea etiologies, contributing to appropriate diagnosis and treatment. We present two cases of patients with apnea of unusual origin: one of respiratory dystonia and another of supraglottic stenosis as the causative factor of obstructive sleep apnea. In conclusion, we emphasize the need for the ENT to perform detailed research on the etiology of apnea, for individualized treatment.
authors: Center of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Nucleus, Alamenda Nhabiquaras, 159 Moema, Sao Paulo 04090010, Brazil.
authors: José Antonio
authors: JA
authors: Pinto
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Kohler
authors: Henrique
authors: H
authors: Wambier
authors: Leonardo Marques
authors: LM
authors: Gomes
authors: Elcio Izumi
authors: EI
authors: Mizoguchi
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Prestes dos Reis
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D004421:Dystonia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007830:Larynx / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017286:Polysomnography; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome