title: Pediatric aspects of skeletal dysplasia.
abstract: Skeletal dysplasia is a disorder of skeletal development characterized by abnormality in shape, length, a number and mineral density of the bone. Skeletal dysplasia is often associated with manifestation of other organs such as lung, brain and sensory systems. Skeletal dysplasias or dysostosis are classified with more than 400 different names. Enchondral bone formation is a coordinated event of chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation and exchange of terminally maturated chondrocyte with bone. Impaired enchondral bone formation will lead to skeletal dysplasia, especially associated with short long bones. Appropriate bone volume and mineral density are achieved by balance of bone formation and bone resorption and mineralization. The gene encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 is responsible for achondroplasia, representative skeletal dysplasia with short stature. The treatment with growth hormone is approved for achondroplasia in Japan. Osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by low bone mineral density and fragile bone. Data on the beneficial effect of bisphosphonate for osteogenesis imperfecta are accumulating. Osteopetrosis has high bone mineral density, but sometimes show bone fragility. In Japan as well as other countries, pediatrician treat larger numbers of patients with skeletal dysplasia with short stature and fragile bones compared to 20 years ago.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. keioz@ped.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors: Keiichi
authors: K
authors: Ozono
authors: Noriyuki
authors: N
authors: Namba
authors: Takuo
authors: T
authors: Kubota
authors: Taichi
authors: T
authors: Kitaoka
authors: Kohji
authors: K
authors: Miura
authors: Yasuhisa
authors: Y
authors: Ohata
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Fujiwara
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Miyoshi
authors: Toshimi
authors: T
authors: Michigami
mesh_terms: D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology*; D001848:Bone Diseases, Developmental / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D004704:Endocrinology; D006801:Humans; D010372:Pediatrics