Music reduces patient anxiety during Mohs surgery: an open-label randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Many patients undergoing Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) experience anxiety and stress. Although music has been proven to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation in other fields of medicine, scant research investigates the effect of music on anxiety during MMS.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether music can reduce anxiety in patients undergoing MMS.


METHODS
An open-labeled randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess anxiety before and after listening to music. Subjects undergoing MMS were randomly allocated to listen to self-selected music (n = 50) or to have surgery without music (n = 50). Anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and on a visual analog scale (VAS).


RESULTS
Subjects in the music group experienced statistically significantly lower STAI and VAS scores than those in the control group. STAI and VAS scores were significantly lower in subjects who underwent MMS for the first time. Anxiety measures did not correlate with sex or type of skin cancer.


CONCLUSIONS
Listening to self-selected music reduces anxiety in patients undergoing MMS, especially those who undergo MMS for the first time. Presenting patients the opportunity to listen to music is a simple strategy to minimize anxiety during MMS.
Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Vasanop
V
Vachiramon
Joseph F
JF
Sobanko
Pinyo
P
Rattanaumpawan
Christopher J
CJ
Miller
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015580:Mohs Surgery; D009146:Music; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome