Molecular tools for sterile sperm detection to monitor Ceratitis capitata populations under SIT programmes.
BACKGROUND
The success of an area-wide sterile insect technique (SIT) programme against Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) relies on the mating success of sterile males in the field. Limited information is available about the effectiveness of sterile males in achieving mates with wild females and how these matings contribute to reducing wild populations. To this end, firstly a mating competition test was performed in the laboratory with different release ratios (1:1:0, 1:1:1, 1:1:5, 1:1:10 and 1:1:20 for wild females:wild males:sterile VIENNA-8 males respectively) and different host fruit. Secondly, the same release ratios were evaluated under semi-natural conditions on caged trees and on sentinel host.


RESULTS
By means of molecular markers, VIENNA-8 male sperm was positively detected in those females exposed to the male ratios 1:5, 1:10 and 1:20 in the laboratory. In the field test, sterile VIENNA-8 male matings and the C. capitata progeny on apples were positively correlated with the ratio of sterile males released and with the percentage of sterile matings respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
These results confirm the validity of using the molecular detection of VIENNA-8 male sperm to predict the C. capitata population under semi-natural conditions. Implications of these results in measuring the efficacy of an SIT programme are discussed.
Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad Asociada de Entomología UJI-IVIA-CIB CSIC, Moncada, Spain.
María
M
Juan-Blasco
Beatriz
B
Sabater-Muñoz
Rafael
R
Argilés
Josep A
JA
Jacas
Pedro
P
Castañera
Alberto
A
Urbaneja
D000818:Animals; D033622:Ceratitis capitata / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007246:Infertility / Q000235:genetics / Q000662:veterinary; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D027845:Malus / Q000469:parasitology; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012098:Reproduction; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology
D019476:Insect Proteins