[Investigation of subjective well-being and influence factors among residents living in old districts in Wuhan, China].
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the subjective well-being and its influence factors among residents living in old districts in Wuhan.


METHODS
In June, 2011, a total of 500 residents living in Shanghai Street in Wuhan were recruited as subjects for this study by two-stage stratified random sampling method. The information of demographic features, health status, spare time, family status, interpersonal relationship and social environment were collected by self-made questionnaires naming "survey of satisfaction of residents living in old districts". The results were analyzed by single-factor and multi-factors analysis method.


RESULTS
In this study, 448 samples of questionnaire were answered qualified (89.6%, 448/500). The subjects aged (51.3 ± 16.1) years old. The single-factor analysis showed that male and female influence the subjective happiness got 5.43 ± 1.66, 5.77 ± 1.65 (U = -2.32, P < 0.05);the age of 0 - 45, 46 - 59, 60 and above group got 5.12 ± 1.68, 5.47 ± 1.81, 6.29 ± 1.23, respectively (H = 43.07, P < 0.01); the unmarried, married, divorced, loss of spouse and remarriage groups got 5.18 ± 1.94, 5.74 ± 1.54, 4.00 ± 2.04, 5.68 ± 1.91, 6.63 ± 0.92, respectively (H = 17.41, P < 0.01); education background were primary school and blow, junior middle school, senior high school, bachelor degree, master degree and above got 6.30 ± 1.42, 5.55 ± 1.82, 5.90 ± 1.46, 5.07 ± 1.74, 4.75 ± 2.22 (H = 26.99, P < 0.01); monthly household income was ¥0 - 2000, ¥2001 - 4000, ¥4001 - 8000, ¥8001 - 10 000, ¥10 000 and above got 5.34 ± 1.87, 5.68 ± 1.53, 6.20 ± 1.07, 7.33 ± 0.58, 6.00 ± 0.00, respectively (H = 13.85, P < 0.01). The subjective satisfaction of social environment ranked from high to low were: city public security (56.0%, 248/448), traffic environment (44.9%, 199/448), community environment (14.9%, 66/448), housing conditions (13.8%, 61/448) and medical environment (8.2%, 36/448). Multiple regression model suggested that the determinant coefficient was 0.53(P < 0.01), with a good degree of fitting. The model showed that the factors influencing the residents' happiness were ranked: social environment (β' = 0.34), family status (β' = 0.32), health status (β' = 0.21), education background (β'(0-6) school year = 0.00, β'(7-9) school year = -0.12, β'(9-12) school year = 0.04, β'(>12) school year = -0.14), monthly household income (β' = 0.07) and marital status (β'(unmarried) = 0.00, β'(married) = 0.03, β'(divorced) = -0.03, β'(widowed) = 0.01, β'(remarried) = 0.02).


CONCLUSIONS
The factors that social environment, family status, health status, education background, monthly household income and marital status could influence the subjective happiness of residents living in old districts in Wuhan. A perfect social security system could improve the subjective happiness of residents in old districts in Wuhan.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Second Clinical Medical College, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Fan
F
Hou
Bi-Chu
BC
Zhang
Hui-Zhen
HZ
Sun
Yu-Ting
YT
Huang
Wei-Feng
WF
Xu
Xiao-Yan
XY
Lu
Jing
J
Yuan
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006240:Happiness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult