The true risk of blood transfusion after nephrectomy for renal masses: a population-based study.
OBJECTIVE
To examine blood transfusion rates after nephrectomy for renal masses at the population-level.


METHODS
We performed a population-based, retrospective observational study using a national discharge abstract database. The study cohort consisted of 10,902 patients who were treated by radical nephrectomy (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN) for a renal mass between 1 April 2003 and 31 March 2008. The association between blood transfusion and various explanatory variables was examined using the chi-squared test and multivariable logistic regression.


RESULTS
The overall blood transfusion rate was 18.1%. Transfusions occurred after 28.2%, 12.7%, 9.2% and 8.6% of open RN, open PN, laparoscopic RN and laparoscopic PN, respectively (P < 0.001). Transfusion rates were found to be strongly associated with age and comorbidity, such that patients aged <50 years with Charlson scores of 0 were transfused 11.2% and 14.5% of the time compared to 28.2% and 40.7% in patients aged ≥80 years with Charlson scores of ≥3, respectively (P < 0.001). On multivariable logistic regression, age (P < 0.001), Charlson score (P < 0.001), procedure type (P < 0.001), surgeon (P < 0.001) and hospital volume quartile (P < 0.001) were all found to be associated with the rate of blood transfusions, whereas year of surgery, sex and income quintile were not.


CONCLUSIONS
The transfusion rate after nephrectomy in general clinical practice is higher than that reported in the urological literature. Patient and provider factors appear to contribute to the considerable variability that exists in the observed transfusion rate. A more detailed understanding of these factors may help with respect to preoperative patient counselling and informed consent.
Urological Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Gino J
GJ
Vricella
Antonio
A
Finelli
Shabbir M H
SM
Alibhai
Lee E
LE
Ponsky
Robert
R
Abouassaly
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D055815:Young Adult