Vitamin D and dental caries in controlled clinical trials: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Vitamin D has been used to prevent and treat dental caries. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of controlled clinical trials (CCTs) assessing the impact of vitamin D on dental caries prevention. Random-effects and meta-regression models were used to evaluate overall and subgroup-specific relative-rate estimates. Twenty-four CCTs encompassing 2,827 children met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-two of the 24 CCTs predated modern clinical trial design, some of which nonetheless reported characteristics such as pseudo-randomization (n = 2), blinding (n = 4), or use of placebos (n = 8). The relative-rate estimates of the 24 CCTs exhibited significant heterogeneity (P < 0.0001), and there was evidence of significant publication bias (P < 0.001). The pooled relative-rate estimate of supplemental vitamin D was 0.53 (95% CI, 0.43-0.65). No robust differences were identified between the caries-preventive effects of vitamin D(2) , vitamin D(3) , and ultraviolet radiation (Prob > F = 0.22). The analysis of CCT data identified vitamin D as a promising caries-preventive agent, leading to a low-certainty conclusion that vitamin D may reduce the incidence of caries.
Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. hujoel@uw.edu
Philippe P
PP
Hujoel
D002648:Child; D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*
D014807:Vitamin D