Cadence, energy expenditure, and gait symmetry during music-prompted and self-regulated walking in adults with unilateral transtibial amputation.
BACKGROUND
Walking cadence has shown promise for estimating walking intensity in healthy adults. Auditory cues have been shown to improve gait symmetry in populations with movement disorders. We investigated the walking cadence-energy expenditure relationship in unilateral transtibial amputees (TTAs), and the potential of music cues for regulating walking cadence and improving gait symmetry.


METHODS
Seventeen unilateral TTAs performed 2 5-min treadmill walking trials, followed by 2 5-min overground walking trials (self-regulated "brisk" intensity, and while attempting to match a moderate-tempo digital music cue).


RESULTS
Walking cadence significantly (P < .001) and accurately (R(2) = .55, SEE = 0.50 METs) predicted energy expenditure, and a cadence of 86 steps·min(-1) was equivalent to a 3-MET intensity. Although most participants were able to match cadence to prescribed music tempo, gait symmetry was not improved during the music-guided condition, compared with the self-regulated condition.


CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study to investigate the utility of walking cadence for monitoring and regulating walking intensity in adults with lower limb prosthesis. Cadence has similar or superior accuracy as an indicator of walking intensity in this population, compared with the general population, and adults with a unilateral TTA are capable of walking at moderate intensity and above for meaningful bouts of time.
Physical Activity for Health Research Group, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
David A
DA
Rowe
David
D
McMinn
Leslie
L
Peacock
Arjan W P
AW
Buis
Rona
R
Sutherland
Emma
E
Henderson
Allan
A
Hewitt
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D001186:Artificial Limbs; D003463:Cues; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009146:Music; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*