The role of prophylactic ibuprofen and N-acetylcysteine on the level of cytokines in periapical exudates and the post-treatment pain.
BACKGROUND
Periapical lesions are inflammatory diseases that result in periapical bone destruction because of host defensive-microbial disturbances.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the role of prophylactic ibuprofen and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α), interleukin- 6(IL-6) and IL-17 and post-treatment pain level in chronic periapical lesions.


METHODS
Eighty patients with chronic apical lesions less than 1 cm were randomly assigned to receive NAC tablets (400 mg), ibuprofen tablets (400 mg), NAC (400 mg)/ibuprofen (200 mg) combination and placebo 90 minutes prior to sampling. Periapical exudates were collected from root canals. TNF- α, IL-6 and IL-17 levels were determined by ELISA and post-treatment pain was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS).


RESULTS
There was a significant difference in IL-6 level between ibuprofen group and placebo (p = 0.019). Significant difference in IL-17 level was observed between NAC/ibuprofen combination group and placebo (p = 0.043). Four hours after treatment, a significant difference was observed in VAS pain score between ibuprofen group and placebo (p = 0.017). Eight hours post-treatment, VAS pain score for NAC group was statistically lower than placebo group (p = 0.033). After 12 hours VAS pain score showed a significant decrease in NAC group compared to placebo (p = 0.049).


CONCLUSIONS
The prophylactic ibuprofen and NAC failed to clearly reflect their effect on cytokines levels in exudates of chronic periapical lesions. On the other hand it seems that NAC can be a substitute for ibuprofen in the management of post endodontic pain.
Department of Endodontics, Dental Material Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Samirzahedpasha@gmail.com.
Maryam
M
Ehsani
Ali-Akbar
AA
Moghadamnia
Samir
S
Zahedpasha
Ghorban
G
Maliji
Sina
S
Haghanifar
Seyyed Mohsen Aghajanpour
SM
Mir
Narges Mousavi
NM
Kani