Induction of aberrant vascular growth, but not of normal angiogenesis, by cell-based expression of different doses of human and mouse VEGF is species-dependent.
Therapeutic angiogenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene delivery is an attractive approach to treat ischemia. VEGF remains localized around each producing cell in vivo, and overexpression of mouse VEGF(164) (mVEGF(164)) induces normal or aberrant angiogenesis, depending strictly on its dose in the microenvironment in vivo. However, the dose-dependent effects of the clinically relevant factor, human VEGF(165) (hVEGF(165)), are unknown. Here we exploited a highly controlled gene delivery platform, based on clonal populations of transduced myoblasts overexpressing specific VEGF levels, to rigorously compare the in vivo dose-dependent effects of hVEGF(165) and mVEGF(164) in skeletal muscle of severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice. While low levels of both factors efficiently induced similar amounts of normal angiogenesis, only high levels of mVEGF(164) caused widespread angioma-like structures, whereas equivalent or even higher levels of hVEGF(165) induced exclusively normal and mature capillaries. Expression levels were confirmed both in vitro and in vivo by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). However, in vitro experiments showed that hVEGF(165) was significantly more effective in activating VEGF receptor signaling in human endothelial cells than mVEGF(164), while the opposite was true in murine endothelial cells. In conclusion, we found that, even though hVEGF is similarly efficient to the syngenic mVEGF in inducing angiogenesis at lower doses in a widely adopted and convenient mouse preclinical model, species-dependent differences in the relative activation of the respective receptors may specifically mask the toxic effects of high doses of the human factor.
Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine and Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital and Basel University, Basel CH-4031, Switzerland.
Edin
E
Mujagic
Roberto
R
Gianni-Barrera
Marianna
M
Trani
Abdulsamie
A
Patel
Lorenz
L
Gürke
Michael
M
Heberer
Thomas
T
Wolff
Andrea
A
Banfi
D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016513:Mice, SCID; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013045:Species Specificity; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse