Fatalities Among Iranian High-altitude Outdoor Enthusiasts: Causes and Mechanisms.
OBJECTIVE
This study was performed to determine the possible causes and mechanisms of fatalities among Iranian mountaineers during climbing.


METHODS
By contacting several sources, deceased mountaineers were identified. Data about the causes and mechanism of death was retrospectively obtained using a standard questionnaire for each case.


RESULTS
A total of 29 deaths were identified from March 2006 to June 2010. Deceased subjects had a mean age of 39 years (SD: 12.8, Range: 20-67). Falling was the most common accident leading to death of outdoor enthusiasts (n = 14, 48%). Asphyxia (n = 6, 24%) was the most common cause of death among the subjects, followed by heart attack, internal bleeding, cerebral hemorrhage and hypothermia (17%, 17%, 17% and 10%, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that education of medical service providers of the climbing groups on facing victims in high altitude areas, where they have limited resources, can be particularly helpful. In addition, a national program to educate mountaineers might help to reduce fatalities.
Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ramin
R
Kordi
Mohsen
M
Rostami
Pedram
P
Heidari
Sanaz
S
Ameli
Lotfali
L
Foroughifard
Mahboobeh
M
Kordi
Altitude; Mortality; Mountaineering; Risk Factors