Arabidopsis paired amphipathic helix proteins SNL1 and SNL2 redundantly regulate primary seed dormancy via abscisic acid-ethylene antagonism mediated by histone deacetylation.
Histone (de)acetylation is a highly conserved chromatin modification that is vital for development and growth. In this study, we identified a role in seed dormancy for two members of the histone deacetylation complex in Arabidopsis thaliana, SIN3-LIKE1 (SNL1) and SNL2. The double mutant snl1 snl2 shows reduced dormancy and hypersensitivity to the histone deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and diallyl disulfide compared with the wild type. SNL1 interacts with HISTONE DEACETYLASE19 in vitro and in planta, and loss-of-function mutants of SNL1 and SNL2 show increased acetylation levels of histone 3 lysine 9/18 (H3K9/18) and H3K14. Moreover, SNL1 and SNL2 regulate key genes involved in the ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA) pathways by decreasing their histone acetylation levels. Taken together, we showed that SNL1 and SNL2 regulate seed dormancy by mediating the ABA-ethylene antagonism in Arabidopsis. SNL1 and SNL2 could represent a cross-link point of the ABA and ethylene pathways in the regulation of seed dormancy.
Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Zhi
Z
Wang
Hong
H
Cao
Yongzhen
Y
Sun
Xiaoying
X
Li
Fengying
F
Chen
Annaick
A
Carles
Yong
Y
Li
Meng
M
Ding
Cun
C
Zhang
Xin
X
Deng
Wim J J
WJ
Soppe
Yong-Xiu
YX
Liu
D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000107:Acetylation; D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D004220:Disulfides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018525:Germination; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D010641:Phenotype; D057445:Plant Dormancy / Q000502:physiology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012639:Seeds / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D015398:Signal Transduction; D059467:Transcriptome; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
D000498:Allyl Compounds; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D004220:Disulfides; D005030:Ethylenes; D006657:Histones; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C583970:SNL1 protein, Arabidopsis; C583971:SNL2 protein, Arabidopsis; C012589:trichostatin A; C028009:diallyl disulfide; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C036216:ethylene; C507152:HDA19 protein, Arabidopsis; D006655:Histone Deacetylases