Hydrogen peroxide-regulated genes in the Medicago truncatula-Sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), play an important role in signalling in various cellular processes. The involvement of H(2)O(2) in the Medicago truncatula-Sinorhizobium meliloti symbiotic interaction raises questions about its effect on gene expression. A transcriptome analysis was performed on inoculated roots of M. truncatula in which ROS production was inhibited with diphenylene iodonium (DPI). In total, 301 genes potentially regulated by ROS content were identified 2 d after inoculation. These genes included MtSpk1, which encodes a putative protein kinase and is induced by exogenous H(2)O(2) treatment. MtSpk1 gene expression was also induced by nodulation factor treatment. MtSpk1 transcription was observed in infected root hair cells, nodule primordia and the infection zone of mature nodules. Analysis with a fluorescent protein probe specific for H(2)O(2) showed that MtSpk1 expression and H(2)O(2) were similarly distributed in the nodule infection zone. Finally, the establishment of symbiosis was impaired by MtSpk1 downregulation with an artificial micro-RNA. Several genes regulated by H(2)O(2) during the establishment of rhizobial symbiosis were identified. The involvement of MtSpk1 in the establishment of the symbiosis is proposed.
Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR INRA 1355 - CNRS 7254 - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.
Emilie
E
Andrio
Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR INRA 1355 - CNRS 7254 - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.|Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Apdo 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain.|Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011, Bilbao, Spain.
Daniel
D
Marino
Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR INRA 1355 - CNRS 7254 - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.
Anthony
A
Marmeys
Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR INRA 1355 - CNRS 7254 - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.
Marion Dunoyer
MD
de Segonzac
Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR INRA 1355 - CNRS 7254 - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.
Isabelle
I
Damiani
Department of Plant Biology, University of Turin and IPP-CNR, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, Turin, 10125, Italy.
Andrea
A
Genre
Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale (URGV), UMR INRA 1165 - Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne - ERL CNRS 8196, 2 rue G. Crémieux, CP 5708, F-91057, Evry Cedex, France.
Stéphanie
S
Huguet
Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR INRA 1355 - CNRS 7254 - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.
Pierre
P
Frendo
Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR INRA 1355 - CNRS 7254 - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.
Alain
A
Puppo
Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR INRA 1355 - CNRS 7254 - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.
Nicolas
N
Pauly
D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects*; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D046913:Medicago truncatula / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D009861:Onium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D010641:Phenotype; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D053204:Root Nodules, Plant / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D016962:Sinorhizobium meliloti / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase
D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009861:Onium Compounds; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase; C007517:diphenyleneiodonium