Genetic damage in soybean workers exposed to pesticides: evaluation with the comet and buccal micronucleus cytome assays.
Soybean cultivation is widespread in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS, Brazil), especially in the city of Espumoso. Soybean workers in this region are increasingly exposed to a wide combination of chemical agents present in formulations of fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides. In the present study, the comet assay in peripheral leukocytes and the buccal micronucleus (MN) cytome assay (BMCyt) in exfoliated buccal cells were used to assess the effects of exposures to pesticides in soybean farm workers from Espumoso. A total of 127 individuals, 81 exposed and 46 non-exposed controls, were evaluated. Comet assay and BMCyt (micronuclei and nuclear buds) data revealed DNA damage in soybean workers. Cell death was also observed (condensed chromatin, karyorhectic, and karyolitic cells). Inhibition of non-specific choline esterase (BchE) was not observed in the workers. The trace element contents of buccal samples were analyzed by Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE). Higher concentrations of Mg, Al, Si, P, S, and Cl were observed in cells from workers. No associations with use of personal protective equipment, gender, or mode of application of pesticides were observed. Our findings indicate the advisability of monitoring genetic toxicity in soybean farm workers exposed to pesticides.
Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Postgraduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaude), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas-RS, Brazil.
Danieli
D
Benedetti
Emilene
E
Nunes
Merielen
M
Sarmento
Carem
C
Porto
Carla Eliete Iochims
CE
Dos Santos
Johnny Ferraz
JF
Dias
Juliana
J
da Silva
D000383:Agriculture; D016923:Cell Death; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D015162:Micronucleus Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D013025:Glycine max
D010575:Pesticides