High-fat diets rich in ω-3 or ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have distinct effects on lipid profiles and lipid peroxidation in mice selected for either high body weight or leanness.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study is to determine the response of muscle lipid peroxidation and the fatty-acid profile of three groups of mice-high body weight (DU6) obesity-prone mice, high treadmill performance (DUhTP) lean mice, and unselected control mice (DUK) fed high-fat diets (HFDs) rich in ω-3 or ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).


METHODS
The isocaloric HFDs were enriched with either ω-3 PUFA (27% fish oil, ω-3 HFD) or ω-6 PUFA (27% sunflower oil, ω-6 HFD), and the control group was fed standard chow (7.2% fat). Statistical calculations were done with procedure GLM of SAS.


RESULTS
As expected, the ω-3 and ω-6 PUFA-rich HFDs showed significant effects on fatty-acid concentrations of skeletal muscle in all three lines of mice compared with the standard chow. The investigations of muscle lipid peroxidation revealed that the ω-3 PUFA-rich HFD caused the highest lipid peroxidation values in muscle of lean DUhTP mice and unselected control DUK mice. However, lower lipid peroxidation levels were observed in the obesity-prone DU6 mice. In contrast, the ω-6 PUFA-rich HFD did not influence lipid peroxidation in muscle of any of the different lines of mice. The present study suggests that a higher overall antioxidant capacity in the muscle tissue of obesity-prone DU6 mice may lead to lower levels of reactive oxygen species formation by ω-3 PUFA-rich HFDs in comparison with lean DUhTP mice.


CONCLUSIONS
These studies raise the possibility that obesity per se may be protective against oxidative damage when high ω-3 PUFA diets are used.
Department of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany. dannenberger@fbn-dummerstorf.de
Dirk
D
Dannenberger
Gerd
G
Nuernberg
Ulla
U
Renne
Karin
K
Nuernberg
Martina
M
Langhammer
Korinna
K
Huber
Bernhard
B
Breier
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D010938:Plant Oils; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012016:Reference Values; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013851:Thinness / Q000378:metabolism*
D000975:Antioxidants; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D010938:Plant Oils; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000074242:Sunflower Oil