The association between frequency of vigorous physical activity and hepatobiliary cancers in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study.
Despite a potential preventive effect of physical activity on hepatobiliary cancer, little information is available on the relation between the two. We studied the association between frequency of vigorous physical activity and hepatobiliary cancer among 507,897 participants of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, aged 50-71 years at baseline in 1995/1996. During 10 years of follow-up, 628 incident cases of liver cancer and 317 cases of extrahepatic biliary tract cancer were registered. Physical activity levels were assigned according to the frequency of engagement in 20 min or more of vigorous physical activity per week: never/rarely (lowest level), less than once per week, 1-2 times per week, 3-4 times per week, 5 or more times per week (highest level). Using Cox regression, multivariate-adjusted relative risks (RR) comparing the highest with the lowest level of physical activity revealed a statistically significant decreased risk for liver cancer (RR = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.49-0.84, p-trend <0.001), particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (RR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.41-0.78, p-trend <0.001), independent of body mass index. By comparison, multivariate analyses indicated that physical activity was not statistically significantly associated with extrahepatic bile duct cancer (RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.45-1.65), ampulla of Vater cancer (RR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.29-1.48), or gallbladder cancer (RR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.33-1.21). These results suggest a potential preventive effect of physical activity on liver cancer but not extrahepatic biliary tract cancer, independent of body mass index.
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany. gundula.behrens@klinik.uni-regensburg.de
Gundula
G
Behrens
Charles E
CE
Matthews
Steven C
SC
Moore
Neal D
ND
Freedman
Katherine A
KA
McGlynn
James E
JE
Everhart
Albert R
AR
Hollenbeck
Michael F
MF
Leitzmann
D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D016017:Odds Ratio; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology