Y-linked microsatellites in Amazonian Amerindians applied to ancestry estimates in Brazilian Afro-derived populations.
OBJECTIVE
Proper ancestral populations are required to determine accurate ancestry estimates for Afro-derived Brazilian populations. Herein, we have genotyped Y-STRs in Amazonian Amerindians to determine the ancestral contribution in quilombo remnant communities.


METHODS
The frequencies for five Y-chromosome linked microsatellites (DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, and DYS393) were characterized in four Amerindian tribes from Brazilian Amazon (Tikúna, Baníwa, Kashinawa, and Kanamarí), and in four quilombo remnants (Mimbó, Sítio Velho, Gaucinha, and São Gonçalo) and two urban populations (Teresina and Jequié) from Northeastern Brazil. We then estimated the male genetic ancestry in each admixed population. Moreover, we performed analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), FST , haplotype diversity, and principal component analysis.


RESULTS
Lower haplotype diversity (h) values were observed for Tikúna compared with other tribes. Quilombo remnants exhibited higher h levels ranging from 0.893 ± 0.027 in Sítio Velho to 0.963 ± 0.033 in São Gonçalo. African ancestry estimates ranged from 0.529 ± 0.027 in Mimbó to 0.602 ± 0.086 in Sítio Velho. Conversely, European contribution was 0.795 ± 0.045 in Teresina and 0.826 ± 0.040 in Jequié.


CONCLUSIONS
FST and principal component analysis indicate homogeneity in the male genetic constitution among the quilombo remnants analyzed. Data on Amerindians allowed accurate ancestry estimates, which indicated a higher African contribution, followed by a considerable European contribution for these quilombo remnants.
Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Cláudia E V
CE
Wiezel
Marcelo R
MR
Luizon
Sandra M B
SM
Sousa
Lenize M W
LM
Santos
Yara C N
YC
Muniz
Celso T
CT
Mendes-Junior
Aguinaldo L
AL
Simões
D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D001938:Brazil; D005787:Gene Frequency; D050173:Genes, Y-Linked / Q000235:genetics*; D005828:Genetics, Population; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction