Brominated and chlorinated flame retardants in liver of Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus).
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are known brominated flame retardants that have now been banned or phased out in many parts of the world. As a consequence, interest in the environmental occurrence of non-PBDE flame retardants has increased. In the present study several potential PBDE replacement products together with short chained chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) were assessed in Greenland sharks accidentally caught in waters around Iceland between 2001 and 2003. Non-PBDE flame retardants detected were pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) and 2,3,5,6-tetrabromo-p-xylene (TBX). The concentrations were lower than levels of BDE-47 but similar to other PBDE congeners previously reported in Greenland shark. The median concentrations of SCCPs was 430 ng g(-1) fat, similar to individual PCB congeners previously reported. This is the first report of SCCPs, BTBPE, PBEB and TBX in any shark species globally and confirms the usefulness of the Greenland shark as a screening species for environmental contamination in the Arctic and sub-Arctic environment.
Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. anna.strid@mmk.su.se
Anna
A
Strid
Christoffer
C
Bruhn
Ed
E
Sverko
Jörundur
J
Svavarsson
Gregg
G
Tomy
Åke
Å
Bergman
D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000378:metabolism*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000378:metabolism*; D007055:Iceland; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D012754:Sharks / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical