[Prevalence and risk factors of peripheral arterial disease in an outpatient screening campaign].
BACKGROUND
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an important predictor of cardiovascular disease with major medico-economic consequences. However, systematic screening of asymptomatic patients free from history of cardiovascular disease is debated.


OBJECTIVE
Determining the prevalence, risk factors for PAD in a population of outpatients at intermediate or high-risk of cardiovascular disease, free from history of cardiovascular disease to assess the potential impact of PAD screening in such groups of patients.


METHODS
Multicenter 1-day screening program of PAD conducted from 2008 to 2010 in a population defined by diabetes plus age greater than 50 years, positive active smoking status, or age greater than 70 years. PAD was defined as an ankle-brachial index (ABI) less than 0.9 measured as follows: lowest systolic ankle pressure divided by highest systolic arm pressure.


RESULTS
Ten thousand six hundred and fourteen patients fulfilled study inclusion criteria: 16.7% (n = 1774) exhibited an ABI less than 0.9 and 3.8% (n = 407) an ABI less than 0.7. ABI greater than 1.3 was found in 7.7% of patients (n = 818). Age greater than 70 years, male gender, active smoking status, hypertension and diabetes (treated) were independent risk factors for PAD.


CONCLUSIONS
Primary prevention outpatient screening of a population with intermediate or high cardiovascular risk can identify numerous patients with PAD. The medical impact in terms of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity of such a screening needs to be assessed.
EA 2992, service de médecine vasculaire, département de médecine interne, CHU de Montpellier, université Montpellier 1, 80, avenue Augustin-Fliche, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Behar
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Bosson
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Galanaud
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Thoret
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Rolland
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Bura-Rivière
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Quéré
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Laroche
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D001162:Arteriosclerosis Obliterans / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002309:Cardiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology