Amphetamine-type medicines: a review of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicological aspects.
Amphetamine-like drugs are sympathomimetic agents with marked central and peripheral stimulant properties. Despite the street illegal drugs such as amphetamine and ecstasy, some amphetamine-like compounds are also legally marketed under medical prescription in the treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (methylphenidate) and obesity/overweight (fenproporex and diethylpropione). However, similar with what happens with their illicit analogues, therapeutic amphetamine-like drugs also share important toxicological risks. Although methylphenidate is considered the first choice in the treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, its high popularity among teenagers and children is raising concern in the medical community. Regarding weight-loss purposes, the use of amphetamine-like compounds are very controversial, though. Thus, the present review will address pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicological aspects of amphetamine-like compounds used with therapeutic aims.
Kristianee C
KC
Mariotti
Luciana G
LG
Rossato
Pedro E
PE
Fröehlich
Renata P
RP
Limberger
D000293:Adolescent; D000662:Amphetamines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy
D000662:Amphetamines; D001067:Appetite Depressants; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D013287:Illicit Drugs