Functional food quality of Curcuma caesia, Curcuma zedoaria and Curcuma aeruginosa endemic to Northeastern India.
Curcuma spp. (Zingiberaceae) is one of the significant ingredients in food and traditional medicines. The current study was to investigate health-benefits of the rhizomes of endemic Curcuma caesia, Curcuma zedoaria and Curcuma aeruginosa using in vitro antioxidant, antiinflammatory and human tumor cell proliferation inhibitory activities. Among these, C. caesia (black turmeric) showed the best overall biological activities based on [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) and lipid peroxidation (LPO), cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and -2) enzymes, and tumor cell growth inhibitory assays. The hexane and methanolic extracts of C. caesia (CCH and CCM) showed LPO inhibition by 31 and 43 %, and COX-2 enzyme by 29 and 38 %, respectively, at 100 μg/ml. Eleven terpenoids were isolated and identified. The MTT antioxidant assay revealed that the extracts of three Curcuma spp. at 250 μg/ml and isolates at 5 μg/ml demonstrated activity comparable to positive controls vitamin C and t-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) at 25 μg/ml. The extracts inhibited LPO by 40 % at 250 μg/ml whereas pure isolates 1-11 by about 20 %. The extracts and isolates inhibited COX-1 and -2 enzymes between the ranges of 3-56 and 5-30 %, respectively. The in vitro biological activity exhibited by the extracts and isolates of C. caesia rhizome further supported its use in traditional medicine.
Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St., Room 420, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Yunbao
Y
Liu
Subhra Saikat
SS
Roy
Roger H C
RH
Nebie
Yanjun
Y
Zhang
Muraleedharan G
MG
Nair
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004032:Diet; D055951:Functional Food; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013729:Terpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013729:Terpenes