ELANE mutations in cyclic and severe congenital neutropenia: genetics and pathophysiology.
The 2 main forms of hereditary neutropenia are cyclic (CN) and severe congenital (SCN) neutropenia. CN is an autosomal dominant disorder in which neutrophil counts fluctuate with 21-day periodicity. SCN consists of static neutropenia, with promyelocytic maturation arrest in the bone marrow. Unlike CN, SCN displays frequent acquisition of somatic mutations in the gene CSF3R. CN is caused by heterozygous mutations in the gene ELANE, encoding neutrophil elastase. SCN is genetically heterogeneous but is most frequently associated with ELANE mutations. We discuss how the mutations provide clues into the pathogenesis of neutropenia and describe current hypotheses for its molecular mechanisms.
Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. horwitz@uw.edu
Marshall S
MS
Horwitz
Seth J
SJ
Corey
H Leighton
HL
Grimes
Timothy
T
Tidwell
D000818:Animals; D000080984:Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D040582:Inheritance Patterns; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000151:congenital* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D009504:Neutrophils
D019272:Leukocyte Elastase