Is gender responsible for everything? The relationship between sex and right ventricular remodeling in metabolic syndrome.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) on right ventricular (RV) remodeling in different genders.


METHODS
The study included 341 subjects (216 subjects with MS and 125 controls). MS was defined by the presence of ≥ 3 ATP-NCEP-III criteria. All subjects underwent complete two-dimensional echocardiography.


RESULTS
RV structure, diastolic, and global function were significantly impaired in MS subjects, in both genders. The multiple regression analysis of MS parameters showed that systolic blood pressure (BP) and waist circumference were independently associated with RV wall thickness in women, whereas the only independent predictor in men was systolic BP. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that increased BP, impaired fasting glucose, and dyslipidemia were a combination of MS risk factors related with RV hypertrophy solely in women. Increased systolic BP, impaired fasting glucose, and abdominal obesity were independently associated with tricuspid E/e' in women, whereas increased systolic BP was the only independent predictor in men. Impaired fasting glucose, abdominal obesity, and dyslipidemia were a combination of MS criteria, which was independently associated with RV diastolic dysfunction only in women.


CONCLUSIONS
Different parameters of MS are responsible for RV remodeling in women and men. The metabolic parameters of MS are more important for RV remodeling in women.
Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Cardiology, Belgrade, Serbia. marijana_tadic@hotmail.com
Marijana V
MV
Tadic
Branislava A
BA
Ivanovic
Milan
M
Petrovic
D015897:Comorbidity; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
diastolic dysfunction; genders; metabolic syndrome; right ventricle