In vitro study of injury on human bronchial epithelial cells caused by gunpowder smog.
Smog inhalation is associated with acute respiratory symptoms in exposed victims. However, despite the evidence from cell injury caused by smog, a stable and practical apparatus used to treat cells with smog is necessary. The aim of this study is to develop a cell research platform of smoke inhalation injury. In the smog-generation device, a wireless electromagnetic heater was used to ignite gunpowder and generate smog. The quality of black powder was checked by the black powder burn rate, and experimental smog was indirectly checked by the amount of cell damage. The temperature and humidity were set at 37 °C ± 1 °C and ≥95% in the smog-cells reaction chamber, respectively. Factors including gunpowder dosages, smog-exposure time, the cell density, modes of exposure, volumes of smog, test durations, volumes of the cell culture medium and combustion velocity were measured. Coefficient variation of different batches of gunpowder and smog were less than 4% and 9%, respectively. With larger gunpowder dosage and longer exposure time, cell injury appeared to increase. When cells were cultured in 4 × 10(4)/well density in culture medium (1 mL/well), exposed to more than 10 L smog with filter screens above plates, detected after 24 h culture in cell incubator and gunpowder burned out within 5 s, smog had the best effect on cell injury. In conclusion, the experimental device can produce test smog stably and safely. The apparatus treating cells with smog can induce cell injury effectively, and the injury is positively correlated with smog concentration and exposure time.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital & Postgraduate Medical School, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xiaomei
X
Lan
Liang
L
Feng
Yifan
Y
Liu
Ying
Y
Zhou
Lingli
L
Shao
Wei
W
Pang
Yating
Y
Lan
Chengbin
C
Wang
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D001980:Bronchi / Q000166:cytology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D005389:Firearms; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015208:Smoke Inhalation Injury; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
D000393:Air Pollutants; D012906:Smoke