Vascular peroxidase 1: a novel enzyme in promoting oxidative stress in cardiovascular system.
Vascular peroxidase 1 (VPO1) is a recently identified novel family member of peroxidases in cardiovascular system. As an enzyme that is downstream of NADPH oxidases (NOX), VPO1 functions to utilize NOX - derived hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a strong oxidant which is believed to greatly promote oxidative stress. Under multiple conditions, NOX is activated concomitantly with an increase in superoxide anion (O2(.-)) and H2O2 production. The latter is converted to HOCl by VPO1. In this process (O2(.-) → H2O2 → HOCl), the oxidant reactivities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are significantly increased and therefore the oxidative stress is dramatically amplified. Several lines of evidence suggest that the NOX/VPO1 pathway - mediated oxidative stress plays an important role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, endothelial cell apoptosis and/or smooth muscle cell proliferation. In addition, VPO1 can be secreted into the extracellular space to participate in extracellular matrix formation, suggesting that VPO1 may also play a role in cardiovascular remodeling (such as fibrosis). This function is independent of the peroxidase activity of VPO1.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Qi-Lin
QL
Ma
Guo-Gang
GG
Zhang
Jun
J
Peng
D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000201:enzymology*; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D000097423:Peroxidasin
D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D010544:Peroxidases; D013481:Superoxides; C535215:PXDN protein, human; D000097423:Peroxidasin