Perampanel: a novel antiepileptic for the adjunctive treatment of refractory partial onset seizures.
Perampanel is a selective noncompetitive AMPA-type glutamate receptor antagonist which has demonstrated anticonvulsant activity in experimental seizure models and antiepileptic activity in clinical trials. Perampanel has a long mean elimination half-life of 105 hours but this may be reduced in the presence of enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs. Adjunctive use of perampanel at 4-12 mg/day in refractory partial-onset seizures reduced seizures by 23-34% in short-term, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. These reductions were maintained long-term in open-label extension studies lasting up to 4 years. Dizziness, somnolence and headache were the most common treatment-emergent adverse events; discontinuation rates due to adverse events approximated 13% in long-term studies. Perampanel's efficacy and tolerability outcomes are broadly comparable with other agents licensed for adjunctive use in refractory partial onset seizures.
Freelance Medical Writer, Crewe, Cheshire, UK. scientific.prousjournals@thomsonreuters.com
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D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009570:Nitriles; D011728:Pyridones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D009570:Nitriles; D011728:Pyridones; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; C551441:perampanel