Human Ng2+ adipose stem cells loaded in vivo on a new crosslinked hyaluronic acid-Lys scaffold fabricate a skeletal muscle tissue.
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy holds promise for treating diseases and tissue repair. Regeneration of skeletal muscle tissue that is lost during pathological muscle degeneration or after injuries is sustained by the production of new myofibers. Human Adipose stem cells (ASCs) have been reported to regenerate muscle fibers and reconstitute the pericytic cell pool after myogenic differentiation in vitro. Our aim was to evaluate the differentiation potential of constructs made from a new cross-linked hyaluronic acid (XHA) scaffold on which different sorted subpopulations of ASCs were loaded. Thirty days after engraftment in mice, we found that NG2(+) ASCs underwent a complete myogenic differentiation, fabricating a human skeletal muscle tissue, while NG2(-) ASCs merely formed a human adipose tissue. Myogenic differentiation was confirmed by the expression of MyoD, MF20, laminin, and lamin A/C by immunofluorescence and/or RT-PCR. In contrast, adipose differentiation was confirmed by the expression of adiponectin, Glut-4, and PPAR-γ. Both tissues formed expressed Class I HLA, confirming their human origin and excluding any contamination by murine cells. In conclusion, our study provides novel evidence that NG2(+) ASCs loaded on XHA scaffolds are able to fabricate a human skeletal muscle tissue in vivo without the need of a myogenic pre-differentiation step in vitro. We emphasize the translational significance of our findings for human skeletal muscle regeneration.
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia Medica, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative (TERM), Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.
Vincenzo
V
Desiderio
Francesco
F
De Francesco
Chiara
C
Schiraldi
Alfredo
A
De Rosa
Annalisa
A
La Gatta
Francesca
F
Paino
Riccardo
R
d'Aquino
Giuseppe Andrea
GA
Ferraro
Virginia
V
Tirino
Gianpaolo
G
Papaccio
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000235:genetics; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D000099216:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4
D000941:Antigens; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D008239:Lysine; D011509:Proteoglycans; D000099216:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4