Serological evidence and risk factors associated with Caprine herpesvirus 1 in dairy goat flocks in a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil.
A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the flock-level seroprevalence of Caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1) and Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and 2 (BoHV-2) and risk factors associated with CpHV-1 in dairy goat flocks from a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. A total of 1,034 serum samples from 110 flocks were collected from March 2009 through March 2010. A structured questionnaire focusing on variables related to risk factors for CpHV-1 infection was given to each farmer at the time of blood collection. Antibodies against CpHV-1, BoHV-1, and BoHV-2 were detected by neutralization tests. The flock-level prevalences of CpHV-1, BoHV-1, and BoHV-2 were 89.1% (98/110; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 81.7-94.2), 80% (88/110; 95% CI: 71.3-87), and 4.5% (5/110; 95% CI: 1.5-10.3), respectively. Frequencies of seropositive animals were 36.6% (379/1,034), 25.8% (267/1,034), and 0.6% (6/1,034) for CpHV-1, BoHV-1, and BoHV-2, respectively. The use of natural mating was identified as a risk factor associated with CpHV-1 flock-level prevalence (P = 0.001). It is suggested that adoption of veterinary services and active surveillance of the at-risk flocks in the study region should be initiated to reduce the prevalence of herpesvirus infections.
Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Campus of Patos, 58700-970 Patos, Paraíba, Brazil.
Maria L C R
ML
Silva
Edviges M
EM
Pituco
Adriana H C
AH
Nogueira
Maira S N
MS
Martins
Michele S
MS
Lima
Sérgio S
SS
de Azevedo
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D006041:Goats; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016015:Logistic Models; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D018140:Varicellovirus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral