title: Extracellular matrix inhibits structural and functional plasticity of dendritic spines in the adult visual cortex.
abstract: Brain cells are immersed in a complex structure forming the extracellular matrix. The composition of the matrix gradually matures during postnatal development, as the brain circuitry reaches its adult form. The fully developed extracellular environment stabilizes neuronal connectivity and decreases cortical plasticity as highlighted by the demonstration that treatments degrading the matrix are able to restore synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. The mechanisms through which the matrix inhibits cortical plasticity are not fully clarified. Here we show that a prominent component of the matrix, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), restrains morphological changes of dendritic spines in the visual cortex of adult mice. By means of in vivo and in vitro two-photon imaging and electrophysiology, we find that after enzymatic digestion of CSPGs, cortical spines become more motile and express a larger degree of structural and functional plasticity.
authors: NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: de Vivo
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Landi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Panniello
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Baroncelli
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Chierzi
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Mariotti
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Spolidoro
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Pizzorusso
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Maffei
authors: G M
authors: GM
authors: Ratto
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D019765:Chondroitin ABC Lyase / Q000494:pharmacology; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D049229:Dendritic Spines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004566:Electrodes; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000187:drug effects; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005453:Fluorescence; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D019765:Chondroitin ABC Lyase
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