title: A stochastic model of cell survival for high-Z nanoparticle radiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors present a stochastic framework for the assessment of cell survival in gold nanoparticle radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors derive the equations for the effective macroscopic dose enhancement for a population of cells with nonideal distribution of gold nanoparticles (GNP), allowing different number of GNP per cell and different distances with respect to the cellular target. They use the mixed Poisson distribution formalism to model the impact of the aforementioned physical factors on the effective dose enhancement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors show relatively large differences in the estimation of cell survival arising from using approximated formulae. They predict degeneration of the cell killing capacity due to different number of GNP per cell and different distances with respect to the cellular target.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presented stochastic framework can be used in interpretation of experimental cell survival or tumor control probability studies.
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. pzygmanski@lroc.harvard.edu
authors: Piotr
authors: P
authors: Zygmanski
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Hoegele
authors: Panagiotis
authors: P
authors: Tsiamas
authors: Fulya
authors: F
authors: Cifter
authors: Wil
authors: W
authors: Ngwa
authors: Ross
authors: R
authors: Berbeco
authors: Mike
authors: M
authors: Makrigiorgos
authors: Erno
authors: E
authors: Sajo
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013269:Stochastic Processes
chemical_list: D006046:Gold; D004247:DNA