title: Marriage, cohabitation and incidence trends of invasive penile squamous cell carcinoma in Denmark 1978-2010.
abstract: Few population-based studies have investigated the relation between living arrangements and risk of invasive penile squamous cell carcinoma (iP-SCC). Using long-term national cancer registry data in Denmark we examined incidence trends of iP-SCC. Furthermore, we examined the relation between marital status, cohabitation status and risk of iP-SCC using hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) obtained in Cox proportional hazards regression analyses as our measure of relative risk. Overall, 1,292 cases of iP-SCC were identified during 65.6 million person-years of observation between 1978 and 2010. During this period, the WHO world age-standardized incidence remained relatively stable (p-trend = 0.41) with an average incidence of 1.05 cases per 100,000 person-years. When compared to married men, those who were unmarried (HR 1.37; 95% CI: 1.13-1.66), divorced (HR 1.49; 95% CI: 1.24-1.79) or widowed (HR 1.36; 95% CI: 1.13-1.63) were at increased risk of iP-SCC. Regarding cohabitation status, single-living men were at increased risk of iP-SCC compared to men in opposite-sex cohabitation (HR 1.43; 95% CI: 1.26-1.62). Risk increased with increasing numbers of prior opposite-sex (p-trend = 0.02) and same-sex (p-trend < 0.001) cohabitations. In conclusion, single-living Danish men and men who are not currently married are at increased risk of iP-SCC, and the risk increases with the number of prior cohabitations, perhaps reflecting less stable sexual relations in these subgroups.
authors: Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.
authors: Constance J
authors: CJ
authors: Ulff-Møller
authors: Jacob
authors: J
authors: Simonsen
authors: Morten
authors: M
authors: Frisch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005191:Family Characteristics; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage; D008875:Middle Aged; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: cohabitation; epidemiology; incidence; marital status; penile squamous cell carcinoma