title: Biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring of celiac disease.
abstract: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder, which damages the small intestine and is caused by ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The only known effective treatment is a lifelong gluten-free diet. Genetic risk factors have been identified and nearly all patients are HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 positive. Specific autoantibodies, IgA antitissue transglutaminase-2, antiendomysium, and antideaminated forms of gliadin peptide antibodies, are widely used as diagnostic aids in celiac patients. However, the discovery of new biomarkers may help in the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease. Recently, the molecule REG Iα, involved in tissue regeneration, has been proposed as a new biomarker of CD. REG Iα expression is increased in the target tissue and in the sera of celiac patients during damage and inflammation, decreasing after gluten-free diet. In this article we review the main biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring of CD, focusing on the immune response-related mechanisms.
authors: Laboratory of Immunobiology, Blood and Tissue Bank, Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carretera Canyet, Badalona, Spain. mvives.liradbst.germanstrias@gencat.cat
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Vives-Pi
authors: Shin
authors: S
authors: Takasawa
authors: Irma
authors: I
authors: Pujol-Autonell
authors: Raquel
authors: R
authors: Planas
authors: Eduard
authors: E
authors: Cabre
authors: Isabel
authors: I
authors: Ojanguren
authors: Montserrat
authors: M
authors: Montraveta
authors: Agustin L
authors: AL
authors: Santos
authors: Estíbaliz
authors: E
authors: Ruiz-Ortiz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015551:Autoimmunity; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051847:Lithostathine / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; C053186:HLA-DQ2 antigen; C109756:HLA-DQ8 antigen; D051847:Lithostathine; C497617:REG1A protein, human