title: An in vitro inhibitory effect on RAW 264.7 cells by anti-inflammatory compounds from Smilax corbularia Kunth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Smilax corbularia is a Thai medicinal plant locally known as 'Hua-Khao-Yen Neua', which is used for treating inflammatory conditions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of S. corbularia extracts and its isolated compounds by determination of inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PGE2 release, and TNF-alpha and NO production from RAW 264.7 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The inhibitory effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of this plant were determined on LPS-induced NO production, TNF-alpha and PGE2 release in RAW 264.7 cells, as an in vitro indication of possible anti-inflammatory activity. The compounds from active extract were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only the ethanolic extract of this plant inhibited TNF-alpha and NO production, with IC50 values of 61.97, and 83.90 microg/ml respectively. Three flavonols, engeletin, astilbin and quercetin were isolated from the ethanolic extract. quercetin possessed the highest inhibitory effect on NO production with IC50 11.2 microg/ml (37.1 microM), whereas engeletin and astilbin had no activity (IC50 >100 microg/ml). All three flavonols possessed potent inhibition of PGE2 release with IC50 values of 14.4, 19.6 and 19.9 microg/ml (33.2, 43.5 and 65.8 microM) respectively. Quercetin also exhibited the highest inhibitory effect on TNF-alpha production (IC50 = 1.25 microg/ml or 4.14 microM), but engeletin and astilbin had no activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of isolated compounds from S. corbularia with potential anti-inflammatory effects, and the results support the use of this plant by Thai traditional doctors for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
authors: Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12121, Thailand.
authors: Srisopa
authors: S
authors: Ruangnoo
authors: Nuanjan
authors: N
authors: Jaiaree
authors: Sunita
authors: S
authors: Makchuchit
authors: Sumalee
authors: S
authors: Panthong
authors: Pakakrong
authors: P
authors: Thongdeeying
authors: Arunporn
authors: A
authors: Itharat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000276:immunology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D032281:Smilax / Q000737:chemistry*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D015232:Dinoprostone