title: Critical residues in the PMEL/Pmel17 N-terminus direct the hierarchical assembly of melanosomal fibrils.
abstract: PMEL (also called Pmel17 or gp100) is a melanocyte/melanoma-specific glycoprotein that plays a critical role in melanosome development by forming a fibrillar amyloid matrix in the organelle for melanin deposition. Although ultimately not a component of mature fibrils, the PMEL N-terminal region (NTR) is essential for their formation. By mutational analysis we establish a high-resolution map of this domain in which sequence elements and functionally critical residues are assigned. We show that the NTR functions in cis to drive the aggregation of the downstream polycystic kidney disease (PKD) domain into a melanosomal core matrix. This is essential to promote in trans the stabilization and terminal proteolytic maturation of the repeat (RPT) domain-containing MαC units, precursors of the second fibrillogenic fragment. We conclude that during melanosome biogenesis the NTR controls the hierarchical assembly of melanosomal fibrils.
authors: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. Ralf.Leonhardt@yale.edu
authors: Ralf M
authors: RM
authors: Leonhardt
authors: Nathalie
authors: N
authors: Vigneron
authors: Jia Shee
authors: JS
authors: Hee
authors: Morven
authors: M
authors: Graham
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Cresswell
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000682:Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020460:Melanosomes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D015388:Organelles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011392:Proline / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D059748:Proteolysis; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058951:gp100 Melanoma Antigen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D008543:Melanins; C548637:PMEL protein, human; D058951:gp100 Melanoma Antigen; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D014364:Tryptophan; D011392:Proline
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