title: Breastfeeding is not a risk factor for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many clinicians do not encourage breastfeeding in hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers, since HBV DNA can be detected in breast milk and breast lesions may increase exposure of infants to HBV. The aim of this study was to determine whether breastfeeding may add risk for perinatal HBV transmission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally 546 children (1-7-year-old) of 544 HBV-infected mothers were investigated, with 397 breastfed and 149 formula-fed; 137 were born to HBeAg-positive mothers. All children had been vaccinated against hepatitis B but only 53.3% received hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG). The overall prevalence of HBsAg+, HBsAg-/anti-HBc+, and anti-HBs (≥10 mIU/ml) in children was 2.4%, 3.1%, and 71.6% respectively. The HBsAg prevalence in breast- and formula-fed children was 1.5% and 4.7% respectively (P = 0.063); the difference was likely due to the higher mothers' HBeAg-positive rate in formula-fed group (formula-fed 49.0% vs. breastfed 15.9%, P<0.001). Further logistic regression analyses showed that breastfeeding was not associated with the HBV infection in the children, adjusting for the effect of maternal HBeAg status and other factors different between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under the recommended prophylaxis, breastfeeding is not a risk factor for mother-to-child transmission of HBV. Therefore, clinicians should encourage HBV-infected mothers to breastfeed their infants.
authors: Faculty of Nursing, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
authors: Xiangru
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Wen
authors: Chenyu
authors: C
authors: Xu
authors: Shu
authors: S
authors: Zhang
authors: Yi-Hua
authors: YH
authors: Zhou
authors: Yali
authors: Y
authors: Hu
mesh_terms: D001942:Breast Feeding; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D006511:Hepatitis B Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D016015:Logistic Models; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006511:Hepatitis B Antigens
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