title: High level of plasma remnant-like particle cholesterol may predispose to development of hypertension in normotensive subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Remnant-like lipoprotein particle cholesterol (RLP-C) is a highly atherogenic factor. RLP-C induces endothelial dysfunction and is associated with hyperinsulinemia. This study was designed to determine whether high plasma RLP-C levels predispose to the development of hypertension in subjects with normal blood pressure (BP).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,485 subjects aged >40 years in a Japanese Cohort of the Seven Countries Study received health examinations. We examined BP, anthropometric parameters, and blood chemistries, including fasting RLP-C levels. RLP-C levels were measured by an immune-separation method. We excluded from the analysis 676 subjects who had hypertension (BP ≥ 140/90mm Hg), or were on antihypertensive medication, and/or were on antihyperlipidemic medication at baseline. Ten years later, 681 subjects were re-examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 681 normotensive subjects at baseline, 303 subjects had developed hypertension 10 years later. Baseline RLP-C level was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the subjects who developed hypertension than in those who remained normotensive (3.7±1.9 vs. 3.3±1.6mg/dl). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that baseline RLP-C was a significant factor for incident hypertension after adjustments for homeostasis model assessment index and other hypertension-related factors (odds ratio = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.00-1.10; P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high level of plasma RLP-C in normotensive subjects may predispose to the development of hypertension in a population of community-dwelling Japanese.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Kasahara
authors: Hisashi
authors: H
authors: Adachi
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Hirai
authors: Mika
authors: M
authors: Enomoto
authors: Ako
authors: A
authors: Fukami
authors: Kuniko
authors: K
authors: Yoshikawa
authors: Eishi
authors: E
authors: Esaki
authors: Kanako
authors: K
authors: Yokoi
authors: Kinuka
authors: K
authors: Ogata
authors: Eri
authors: E
authors: Tsukagawa
authors: Aya
authors: A
authors: Obuchi
authors: Ayako
authors: A
authors: Yoshimura
authors: Sachiko
authors: S
authors: Nakamura
authors: Tsutomu
authors: T
authors: Imaizumi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000097:blood; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; C112017:remnant-like particle cholesterol; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: blood pressure; epidemiology; hypertension; lipoprotein; prospective study.