title: Behavior outcome after ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, with similar brain damage, in rats.
abstract: Stroke causes disability and mortality worldwide and is divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes. Although clinical trials suggest distinct recovery profiles for ischemic and hemorrhagic events, this is not conclusive due to stroke heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to produce similar brain damage, using experimental models of ischemic (IS) and hemorrhagic (HS) stroke and evaluate the motor spontaneous recovery profile. We used 31 Wistar rats divided into the following groups: Sham (n=7), ischemic (IS) (n=12) or hemorrhagic (HS) (n=12). Brain ischemia or hemorrhage was induced by endotelin-1 (ET-1) and collagenase type IV-S (collagenase) microinjections, respectively. All groups were evaluated in the open field, cylinder and ladder walk behavioral tests at distinct time points as from baseline to 30 days post-surgery (30 PS). Histological and morphometric analyses were used to assess the volume of lost tissue and lesion length. Present results reveal that both forms of experimental stroke had a comparable long-term pattern of damage, since no differences were found in volume of tissue lost or lesion size 30 days after surgery. However, behavioral data showed that hemorrhagic rats were less impaired at skilled walking than ischemic ones at 15 and 30 days post-surgery. We suggest that experimentally comparable stroke design is useful because it reduces heterogeneity and facilitates the assessment of neurobiological differences related to stroke subtypes; and that spontaneous skilled walking recovery differs between experimental ischemic and hemorrhagic insults.
authors: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. regis.mestriner@pucrs.br
authors: Régis Gemerasca
authors: RG
authors: Mestriner
authors: Patrícia Maidana
authors: PM
authors: Miguel
authors: Pamela Brambilla
authors: PB
authors: Bagatini
authors: Lisiani
authors: L
authors: Saur
authors: Lígia Simões Braga
authors: LS
authors: Boisserand
authors: Pedro Porto Alegre
authors: PP
authors: Baptista
authors: Léder Leal
authors: LL
authors: Xavier
authors: Carlos Alexandre
authors: CA
authors: Netto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D020127:Recovery of Function; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D017364:Collagenases