title: Occurrence and removal of antibiotics in a municipal wastewater reclamation plant in Beijing, China.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the occurrences and fates of eight quinolones (QNs), nine sulfonamides (SAs), and five macrolides (MCs) in a wastewater reclamation plant (WRP) in Beijing, China. Among all the 22 antibiotics considered, quinolones were the dominant antibiotics in all samples (4916ngL(-1) in influents, 1869ngL(-1) in secondary effluents, 123ngL(-1) in tertiary effluents, and 9200μgkg(-1) in sludge samples), followed by sulfonamides (2961ngL(-1) in influents, 1053ngL(-1) in secondary effluents, 25.9ngL(-1) in tertiary effluents, and 63.7μgkg(-1) in sludge samples) and macrolides (365ngL(-1) in influents, 353ngL(-1) in secondary effluents, 24.7ngL(-1) in tertiary effluents, and 32.7μgkg(-1) in sludge samples). The removal efficiencies of the target antibiotics were limited (-32 to 78%) in the conventional treatment. This study indicated that quinolones were mainly removed from the secondary clarifier, and sulfonamides were degraded in the oxic tank; while macrolides were considered as persistent during the conventional treatment. After the advance treatment, the target antibiotics could be effectively removed at high rates (85-100%), and the risks of antibiotic contamination significantly decreased. However, risk assessment showed that the risk of ofloxacin and erythromycin on organisms in recycled water needed further investigations.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
authors: Wenhui
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: Yali
authors: Y
authors: Shi
authors: Lihong
authors: L
authors: Gao
authors: Jiemin
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Yaqi
authors: Y
authors: Cai
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012621:Seasons; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical