title: Racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and maternal overweight and obesity, by nativity, Florida, 2004-2007.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among foreign-born and U.S.-born mothers by race/ethnicity and BMI category.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used 2004-2007 linked birth certificate and maternal hospital discharge data of live, singleton deliveries in Florida to compare GDM risk among foreign-born and U.S.-born mothers by race/ethnicity and BMI category. We examined maternal BMI and controlled for maternal age, parity, and height.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 22.4% of the women in our study were foreign born. The relative risk (RR) of GDM among women who were overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg m(-2)) was higher than among women with normal BMI (18.5-24.9 kg m(-2)) regardless of nativity, ranging from 1.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0, 1.9) to 3.8 (95% CI = 2.1, 7.2).Foreign-born women also had a higher GDM risk than U.S.-born women, with RR ranging from 1.1 (95% CI = 1.1, 1.2) to 2.1 (95% CI = 1.4, 3.1). This finding was independent of BMI, age, parity, and height for all racial/ethnicity groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although we found differences in age, parity, and height by nativity, these differences did not substantially reduce the increased risk of GDM among foreign-born mothers. Health practitioners should be aware of and have a better understanding of how race/ethnicity and nativity can affect women with a high risk of GDM. Although BMI is a major risk factor for GDM, it does not appear to be associated with race/ethnicity or nativity.
authors: Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. skim1@cdc.gov
authors: Shin Y
authors: SY
authors: Kim
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Sappenfield
authors: Andrea J
authors: AJ
authors: Sharma
authors: Hoyt G
authors: HG
authors: Wilson
authors: Connie L
authors: CL
authors: Bish
authors: Hamisu M
authors: HM
authors: Salihu
authors: Lucinda J
authors: LJ
authors: England
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000208:ethnology*; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology*; D050177:Overweight; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult
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