title: Subject-chosen activities in occupational therapy for the improvement of psychiatric symptoms of inpatients with chronic schizophrenia: a controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the therapeutic effects of subject-chosen and therapist-chosen activities in occupational therapy for inpatients with chronic schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective comparative study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A psychiatric hospital in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-nine patients with chronic schizophrenia who had been hospitalized for many years.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects received six-months occupational therapy, participating in either activities of their choice (subject-chosen activity group, n = 30) or activities chosen by occupational therapists based on treatment recommendations and patient consent (therapist-chosen activity group, n = 29).
  
  
  METHODS
  The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale were used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial function, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After six-months occupational therapy, suspiciousness and hostility scores of the positive scale and preoccupation scores of the general psychopathology scale significantly improved in the subject-chosen activity group compared with the therapist-chosen activity group, with 2(2) (median (interquartile range)) and 3(1.25), 2(1) and 2.5(1), and 2(1) and 3(1), respectively. There were no significant differences in psychosocial functions between the two groups. In within-group comparisons before and after occupational therapy, suspiciousness scores of the positive scale, preoccupation scores of the general psychopathology scale, and psychosocial function significantly improved only in the subject-chosen activity group, with 3(1) to 2(2), 3(1) to 2(1), and 40(9) to 40(16) respectively, but not in the therapist-chosen activity group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that the subject-chosen activities in occupational therapy could improve the psychiatric symptoms, suspiciousness, and preoccupation of the inpatients with chronic schizophrenia.
authors: Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Japan.
authors: Junko
authors: J
authors: Hoshii
authors: Kayano
authors: K
authors: Yotsumoto
authors: Eri
authors: E
authors: Tatsumi
authors: Chito
authors: C
authors: Tanaka
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Mori
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Hashimoto
mesh_terms: D002755:Choice Behavior; D005260:Female; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology; D007564:Japan; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D057240:Patient Preference / Q000523:psychology*; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
keywords: Occupational therapy; client-centered; controlled trial; schizophrenia