title: Exercise training and quality of life in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish whether exercise improves quality of life (QOL) in individuals with type 2 diabetes and which exercise modalities are involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Health Benefits of Aerobic and Resistance Training in individuals with type 2 Diabetes (HART-D; n = 262) was a 9-month exercise study comparing the effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or a combination of resistance and aerobic training versus a nonexercise control group on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in sedentary individuals with type 2 diabetes. This study is an ancillary analysis that examined changes in QOL after exercise training using the Short Form-36 Health Survey questionnaire compared across treatment groups and with U.S. national norms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ancillary sample (n = 173) had high baseline QOL compared with U.S. national norms. The QOL physical component subscale (PCS) and the general health (GH) subscale were improved by all three exercise training conditions compared with the control group condition (resistance: PCS, P = 0.005; GH, P = 0.003; aerobic: PCS, P = 0.001; GH, P = 0.024; combined: PCS, P = 0.015; GH, P = 0.024). The resistance training group had the most beneficial changes in bodily pain (P = 0.026), whereas physical functioning was most improved in the aerobic and combined condition groups (P = 0.025 and P = 0.03, respectively). The changes in the mental component score did not differ between the control group and any of the exercise groups (all P > 0.05). The combined training condition group had greater gains than the aerobic training condition group in the mental component score (P = 0.004), vitality (P = 0.031), and mental health (P = 0.008) and greater gains in vitality compared with the control group (P = 0.021).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exercise improves QOL in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Combined aerobic/resistance exercise produces greater benefit in some QOL domains.
authors: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Lousiana, USA. vmyers@kleinbuendel.com
authors: Valerie H
authors: VH
authors: Myers
authors: Megan A
authors: MA
authors: McVay
authors: Meghan M
authors: MM
authors: Brashear
authors: Neil M
authors: NM
authors: Johannsen
authors: Damon L
authors: DL
authors: Swift
authors: Kimberly
authors: K
authors: Kramer
authors: Melissa Nauta
authors: MN
authors: Harris
authors: William D
authors: WD
authors: Johnson
authors: Conrad P
authors: CP
authors: Earnest
authors: Timothy S
authors: TS
authors: Church
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D055070:Resistance Training
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