title: Long-term results of bone-retinaculum-bone autograft for scapholunate instability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report long-term follow-up of scapholunate interosseous ligament reconstruction with bone-retinaculum-bone autograft in patients with dynamic scapholunate instability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the 14 patients from the previously reported cohort who had bone-retinaculum-bone autograft for dynamic instability, 6 returned for clinical examination and radiographs, 3 were reached by telephone, and 2 were lost to follow-up. The remaining 3 had salvage procedures (2 total wrist arthrodeses and 1 proximal row carpectomy) between the prior report and the current study and thus reached an endpoint, at 2 to 4 years. For the 6 who returned, outcome measurements included scapholunate angle and gap, radiographic evidence of secondary arthritis, wrist extension and flexion, grip strength, and Mayo wrist score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up averaged 11.9 years (range, 10.7-14.1 y). Clinical and radiographic outcomes deteriorated moderately from the prior report. Mayo wrist score averaged 83. There were 3 failures, resulting in 1 proximal row carpectomy and 2 total wrist arthrodeses. Findings at repeat surgery in the failed group included an intact graft without any apparent abnormalities, a partially ruptured graft (after a subsequent re-injury), and a completely resorbed graft.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bone-retinaculum-bone autograft reconstruction is a viable treatment option for dynamic scapholunate instability in which the scaphoid and lunate can be reduced. Results may deteriorate but are similar to those reported previously from other techniques. Problems with graft strength or stiffness may necessitate further surgery.
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02905, USA.
authors: Maximillian
authors: M
authors: Soong
authors: Gregory A
authors: GA
authors: Merrell
authors: Fred
authors: F
authors: Ortmann
authors: Arnold-Peter C
authors: AP
authors: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000379:methods; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002348:Carpal Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D012667:Lunate Bone / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D021361:Scaphoid Bone / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014954:Wrist Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*