title: Risk factors for hyphema after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk factors for hyphema after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC).
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 420 patients (420 eyes) with glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy with MMC between June 1, 2005 and December 31, 2010 at Kumamoto University Hospital, Japan, were retrospectively evaluated. Hyphema after trabeculectomy was defined as the niveau formed by bleeding in the anterior chamber. Logistic multivariable analysis was applied to determine the risk factors for hyphema.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 420 patients, 104 (24.8%) had hyphema. Neovascular glaucoma [NVG; odds ratio (OR)=2.404; P=0.0017] and anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication at trabeculectomy (OR=2.143; P=0.0274) were significant risk factors for hyphema. Of the 108 NVG patients, 43 (39.8%) had hyphema after trabeculectomy with MMC. In the subgroup analysis of NVG patients, neovascularization in the anterior chamber angle at trabeculectomy (OR=5.7886; P=0.0163) and anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication at trabeculectomy (OR=3.3325; P=0.0450) were risk factors for hyphema, whereas preoperative intravitreal bevacizumab injection significantly reduced the hyphema risk (OR=0.3568; P=0.0275).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk factors for hyphema after trabeculectomy with MMC are independently associated with NVG and anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication. Neovascularization in the anterior chamber at trabeculectomy and anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication enhance the risk of hyphema developing in NVG patients, whereas preoperative injection of intravitreal bevacizumab reduces the likelihood.
authors: *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto †Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
authors: Sachi
authors: S
authors: Kojima
authors: Masaru
authors: M
authors: Inatani
authors: Kohei
authors: K
authors: Shobayashi
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Haga
authors: Toshihiro
authors: T
authors: Inoue
authors: Hidenobu
authors: H
authors: Tanihara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D015355:Glaucoma, Neovascular / Q000150:complications; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006988:Hyphema / Q000209:etiology*; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D016685:Mitomycin