title: Vascular and inflammatory high fat meal responses in young healthy men; a discriminative role of IL-8 observed in a randomized trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High fat meal challenges are known to induce postprandial low-grade inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. This assumption is largely based on studies performed in older populations or in populations with a progressed disease state and an appropriate control meal is often lacking. Young healthy individuals might be more resilient to such challenges. We therefore aimed to characterize the vascular and inflammatory response after a high fat meal in young healthy individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a double-blind randomized cross-over intervention study, we used a comprehensive phenotyping approach to determine the vascular and inflammatory response after consumption of a high fat shake and after an average breakfast shake in 20 young healthy subjects. Both interventions were performed three times.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Many features of the vascular postprandial response, such as FMD, arterial stiffness and micro-vascular skin blood flow were not different between shakes. High fat/high energy shake consumption was associated with a more pronounced increase in blood pressure, heart rate, plasma concentrations of IL-8 and PBMCs gene expression of IL-8 and CD54 (ICAM-1), whereas plasma concentrations of sVCAM1 were decreased compared to an average breakfast.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whereas no difference in postprandial response were observed on classical markers of endothelial function, we did observe differences between consumption of a HF/HE and an average breakfast meal on blood pressure and IL-8 in young healthy volunteers. IL-8 might play an important role in dealing with high fat challenges and might be an early marker for endothelial stress, a stage preceding endothelial dysfunction.
authors: Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Diederik
authors: D
authors: Esser
authors: Els
authors: E
authors: Oosterink
authors: Jos
authors: J
authors: op 't Roodt
authors: Ronald M A
authors: RM
authors: Henry
authors: Coen D A
authors: CD
authors: Stehouwer
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Müller
authors: Lydia A
authors: LA
authors: Afman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000379:methods; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015870:Gene Expression; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D016209:Interleukin-8; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
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