title: 40S ribosome biogenesis co-factors are essential for gametophyte and embryo development.
abstract: Ribosome biogenesis is well described in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast only very little information is available on this pathway in plants. This study presents the characterization of five putative protein co-factors of ribosome biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana, namely Rrp5, Pwp2, Nob1, Enp1 and Noc4. The characterization of the proteins in respect to localization, enzymatic activity and association with pre-ribosomal complexes is shown. Additionally, analyses of T-DNA insertion mutants aimed to reveal an involvement of the plant co-factors in ribosome biogenesis. The investigated proteins localize mainly to the nucleolus or the nucleus, and atEnp1 and atNob1 co-migrate with 40S pre-ribosomal complexes. The analysis of T-DNA insertion lines revealed that all proteins are essential in Arabidopsis thaliana and mutant plants show alterations of rRNA intermediate abundance already in the heterozygous state. The most significant alteration was observed in the NOB1 T-DNA insertion line where the P-A3 fragment, a 23S-like rRNA precursor, accumulated. The transmission of the T-DNA through the male and female gametophyte was strongly inhibited indicating a high importance of ribosome co-factor genes in the haploid stages of plant development. Additionally impaired embryogenesis was observed in some mutant plant lines. All results support an involvement of the analyzed proteins in ribosome biogenesis but differences in rRNA processing, gametophyte and embryo development suggested an alternative regulation in plants.
authors: Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Missbach
authors: Benjamin L
authors: BL
authors: Weis
authors: Roman
authors: R
authors: Martin
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Simm
authors: Markus T
authors: MT
authors: Bohnsack
authors: Enrico
authors: E
authors: Schleiff
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D055993:Germ Cells, Plant / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional / Q000235:genetics; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D054682:Ribosome Subunits, Small, Eukaryotic / Q000378:metabolism*; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C104527:ENP1 protein, S cerevisiae; C405962:NOB1 protein, S cerevisiae; C472292:Noc4 protein, S cerevisiae; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C100850:PWP2 protein, S cerevisiae; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C102025:RRP5 protein, S cerevisiae; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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