title: Using graphene oxide to enhance the activity of anammox bacteria for nitrogen removal.
abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) was applied in this study to enhance the activity of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria for nitrogen removal. A GO dose-dependent effect on anammox bacteria was observed through batch tests. The results showed that the activity increased as the GO dose was varied within 0.05-0.1gL(-1). A maximum 10.26% increase of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing activity was achieved at 0.1gL(-1) GO. Analysis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) indicated that the highest carbohydrate, protein, and total EPS contents (42.5, 125.7, and 168.2mg (g volatile suspended solids)(-1), respectively) were obtained with 0.1gL(-1) GO. Appropriate GO dose stimulated EPS production to promote the activity of anammox bacteria. Transmission electron microscopy showed the large surface area of GO benefited cell attachment. These findings proved that the application of GO was an effective approach to enhancing the activity of anammox bacteria.
authors: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (China Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China. guowenwang@yahoo.com
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Wang
authors: Guowen
authors: G
authors: Wang
authors: Guoquan
authors: G
authors: Zhang
authors: Xiaochen
authors: X
authors: Xu
authors: Fenglin
authors: F
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism*; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010087:Oxides; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D006108:Graphite; D009584:Nitrogen