title: Benefits of short-term dietary restriction in mammals.
abstract: Dietary or calorie restriction (DR, CR), defined as reduced food intake without malnutrition, imparts many benefits in model organisms. Extended longevity is the most popularized benefit but the least clinically relevant due to the requirement for long-term food restriction. DR also promotes stress resistance and metabolic fitness. Emerging data in experimental models and in humans indicate that these benefits occur rapidly upon initiation of DR, suggesting potential clinical relevance. Here we review data on the ability of short-term DR to induce beneficial effects on clinically relevant endpoints including surgical stress, inflammation, chemotherapy and insulin resistance. The encouraging results obtained in these preclinical and clinical studies, and the general lack of mechanistic understanding, both strongly suggest the need for further research in this emerging area.
authors: Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
authors: Lauren T
authors: LT
authors: Robertson
authors: James R
authors: JR
authors: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D057775:Ischemic Postconditioning / Q000379:methods; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning / Q000379:methods; D008136:Longevity / Q000502:physiology; D008322:Mammals; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000178:diet therapy; D011200:Poultry; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000276:immunology; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D015854:Up-Regulation; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Chemotherapy; Dietary restriction; Inflammation; Ischemia reperfusion injury; Stress resistance
references: Liver Transpl. 2011 Jun;17(6):695-704
references: 21618690
references: Genes Dev. 2003 Feb 1;17(3):313-21
references: 12569120
references: Parasitology. 1993 Dec;107 ( Pt 5):471-6
references: 8295786
references: Metab Brain Dis. 1990 Jun;5(2):65-75
references: 2385215
references: Mech Ageing Dev. 2005 Sep;126(9):987-1002
references: 15893363
references: J Am Coll Surg. 2009 Feb;208(2):241-5
references: 19228536
references: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2001 May;280(5):H2094-102
references: 11299211
references: Surgery. 2013 Apr;153(4):594-8
references: 23218877
references: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011 Jan;66(1):97-108
references: 20923909
references: J Neurosci Res. 1999 Sep 15;57(6):830-9
references: 10467254
references: Clin Transplant. 2011 May-Jun;25(3):486-94
references: 20718826
references: Strahlentherapie. 1982 Dec;158(12):734-8
references: 6761903
references: Nutrition. 1989 May-Jun;5(3):155-71; discussion 172
references: 2520283
references: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1995 Mar-Apr;19(2):127-32
references: 7609277
references: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2005 Sep-Oct;29(5):345-51; discussion 351-2
references: 16107597
references: Arch Surg. 2011 Nov;146(11):1300-5
references: 22106323
references: J Neurosci Res. 2008 Jun;86(8):1812-22
references: 18241053
references: J Neurosci Res. 1999 Jul 15;57(2):195-206
references: 10398297
references: Ann Nutr Metab. 2008;53(3-4):175-81
references: 19011280
references: Arch Surg. 1994 Jul;129(7):729-33
references: 8024453
references: Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Aug 15;10(16):5622-9
references: 15328205
references: Transplantation. 1993 Apr;55(4):728-32
references: 8475543
references: Heart Vessels. 2010 Sep;25(5):417-25
references: 20676965
references: Aging Cell. 2005 Jun;4(3):119-25
references: 15924568
references: Endocrinology. 2005 Sep;146(9):3713-7
references: 15919745
references: Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Aug;15(8):4497-506
references: 7623840
references: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 May-Jun;1757(5-6):496-508
references: 16574059
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 13;101(15):5524-9
references: 15044709
references: Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):725-31
references: 19279572
references: Toxicol Sci. 1999 Dec;52(2 Suppl):13-6
references: 10630585
references: Nutr J. 2010 Nov 22;9:57
references: 21092212
references: Cancer Res. 2010 Feb 15;70(4):1564-72
references: 20145127
references: Exp Neurol. 2008 Sep;213(1):28-35
references: 18585708
references: J Clin Exp Pathol. 2012 Jun 19;S4(4):
references: 23505614
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jun 17;105(24):8215-20
references: 18378900
references: Am J Cardiol. 2008 Oct 1;102(7):814-819
references: 18805103
references: Sci Transl Med. 2012 Jan 25;4(118):118ra11
references: 22277968
references: Mol Aspects Med. 2011 Jun;32(3):159-221
references: 21840335
references: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2011 Jul;301(1):R172-84
references: 21525175
references: Transplantation. 2011 Oct 15;92(7):752-8
references: 21926943
references: Sci Transl Med. 2012 Mar 7;4(124):124ra27
references: 22323820
references: Science. 2003 Sep 19;301(5640):1731-3
references: 14500985
references: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2005 Jul-Aug;29(4):298-304
references: 15961687
references: Aging Cell. 2010 Feb;9(1):40-53
references: 19878145
references: Ageing Res Rev. 2006 Aug;5(3):332-53
references: 16899414
references: Nutr Hosp. 2001 Jul-Aug;16(4):141-3; discussion 140-1
references: 11680474
references: Aging (Albany NY). 2009 Dec 31;1(12):988-1007
references: 20157582
references: Poult Sci. 2000 Feb;79(2):192-200
references: 10735746
references: J Nutr. 1986 Apr;116(4):641-54
references: 3958810
references: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Mar;92(3):865-72
references: 17200169
references: Sci Aging Knowledge Environ. 2003 Feb 26;2003(8):RE2
references: 12844547
references: Circ Res. 1991 Apr;68(4):1045-50
references: 2009607
references: Diabetes Care. 2010 Jul;33(7):1438-42
references: 20368410
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Aug 13;399(1):98-103
references: 20643106