title: Comparison of three types of stress urinary incontinence rat models: electrocauterization, pudendal denervation, and vaginal distension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the differences in the histopathologic and functional characteristics of 3 rat models of stress urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 female, 10-week-old, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal, electrocauterization, pudendal denervation, and vaginal distension. At 2 weeks after surgery, the leak point pressure was measured to detect urinary leakage. Urethral tissue samples were collected for histological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The smooth muscle content in the electrocauterization group was significantly decreased compared with that in all other groups, indicating that electrocauterization caused the most severe injury. A blood vessel marker, von Willebrand factor, was co-stained with α-smooth muscle actin to detect the blood vessel distribution. No significant differences were seen in von Willebrand factor expression among the 4 groups, other than in the electrocauterization group, in which we could hardly observe blood vessel expression. Protein gene product 9.5 staining was used to detect nerve fibers and cells. Protein gene product 9.5 expression was significantly lower in all the treatment groups compared with that in the normal group (P <.05), in particular, in the electrocauterization and pudendal denervation groups (P <.01). The leak point pressure was significantly lower in the electrocauterization (P <.01), pudendal denervation (P <.01), and vaginal distension (P <.05) groups than in the normal group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The vaginal distension model should mainly be used as the myogenic damage stress urinary incontinence animal model; the pudendal denervation model mainly as the neurogenic damage stress urinary incontinence animal model; and the electrocauterization model as the vasculogenic, neurogenic, and myogenic damage animal model.
authors: Department of Urology, Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sung-Hoo
authors: SH
authors: Hong
authors: Shuyu
authors: S
authors: Piao
authors: In Gul
authors: IG
authors: Kim
authors: Ji Young
authors: JY
authors: Lee
authors: Hyuk Jin
authors: HJ
authors: Cho
authors: Sae Woong
authors: SW
authors: Kim
authors: Tae-Kon
authors: TK
authors: Hwang
authors: Ji Youl
authors: JY
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017763:Autonomic Denervation; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004564:Electrocoagulation; D005260:Female; D007211:Indoles / Q000378:metabolism; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000473:pathology; D011312:Pressure; D060525:Pudendal Nerve / Q000601:surgery; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D014521:Urethra / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000473:pathology; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D007211:Indoles; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; C498862:Acta2 protein, rat; C007293:DAPI; C489034:UCHL1 protein, rat