title: Low 25-OH vitamin D is associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested the hypothesis that low vitamin D is associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. We also studied whether body composition, sex hormones, serum sex hormone-binding globulin, albumin corrected serum calcium, adiponectin and lipid status are associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated 184 representative, randomly selected men 72 to 76 years old enrolled in the Gothenburg arm of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS). Men with a history of prostate cancer, prostate operation or medication for benign prostatic hyperplasia were excluded from study, leaving 155 available for analysis. A cross-sectional study was performed in which benign prostatic hyperplasia measured by total prostate volume was related to clinical, anthropometric, endocrine and metabolic factors on univariate and multivariate analyses with regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median prostate volume was 40 ml. In multivariate models only 25-OH vitamin D, albumin corrected serum calcium, serum sex hormone-binding globulin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly and inversely associated with large prostate glands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current report adds 4 independent factors associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, including low 25-OH vitamin D, serum calcium, sex hormone-binding globulin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
authors: Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden. mohammad.haghsheno@vgregion.se
authors: Mohammad-Ali
authors: MA
authors: Haghsheno
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Mellström
authors: Carl-Johan
authors: CJ
authors: Behre
authors: Jan-Erik
authors: JE
authors: Damber
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Johansson
authors: Magnus
authors: M
authors: Karlsson
authors: Mattias
authors: M
authors: Lorentzon
authors: Ralph
authors: R
authors: Peeker
authors: Elisabet
authors: E
authors: Barret-Connor
authors: Ewa
authors: E
authors: Waern
authors: Valter
authors: V
authors: Sundh
authors: Claes
authors: C
authors: Ohlsson
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Hammarsten
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000209:etiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D008055:Lipids; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D002118:Calcium
keywords: BMI; BPH; C-reactive protein; CRP; HDL; LDL; MetS; SHBG; T2DM; benign prostatic hyperplasia; body mass index; high density lipoprotein; lipoproteins, HDL; low density lipoprotein; metabolic syndrome; prostate; prostatic hyperplasia; sex hormone-binding globulin; type II diabetes mellitus; vitamin D