title: Blood pressure measures and their predictive ability of cardiovascular mortality: a 26-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to calculate the predictability of different blood pressure measures for cardiovascular mortality in a cohort of both men and women. We also aimed to determine whether clinically applicable cut-off levels for cardiovascular mortality risk of these measures work well.
  
  
  METHODS
  A healthcare need investigation from the 1970s was used. Participants aged 46-65 were included, n=788 (390 men and 398 women). The following blood pressure measures were studied: systolic, diastolic, mean, mid, and pulse pressure. The participants were followed for 26 years with respect to cardiovascular mortality through the Swedish Cause-of-Death Register. Isolated diastolic hypertension failed to show significant associations with cardiovascular mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combined systolic and diastolic hypertension showed twice as high cardiovascular mortality in men and women compared with those with normal blood pressure. Mid arterial blood pressure showed increased significant hazard ratios for all three grades of hypertension in men and for grades 2 and 3 in women with good predictability (area under the curve=0.72 and 0.80, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mid arterial blood pressure is strongly associated with cardiovascular mortality. Additional studies in larger populations and with a wider age range comparing mid arterial blood pressure with clinically useful cut-offs of other blood pressure measures are required to corroborate our findings.
authors: Department of Neurobiology, Centre for Family Medicine, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. axelcefam@hotmail.com
authors: Axel C
authors: AC
authors: Carlsson
authors: Sven-Erik
authors: SE
authors: Johansson
authors: Holger
authors: H
authors: Theobald
authors: Per E
authors: PE
authors: Wändell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D003971:Diastole; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012306:Risk; D012494:Sampling Studies; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D013599:Systole; D055815:Young Adult