title: Age-dependent roles of peroxisomes in the hippocampus of a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, especially affecting the hippocampus. Impairment of cognitive and memory functions is associated with amyloid β-peptide-induced oxidative stress and alterations in lipid metabolism. In this scenario, the dual role of peroxisomes in producing and removing ROS, and their function in fatty acids β-oxidation, may be critical. This work aims to investigating the possible involvement of peroxisomes in AD onset and progression, as studied in a transgenic mouse model, harboring the human Swedish familial AD mutation. We therefore characterized the peroxisomal population in the hippocampus, focusing on early, advanced, and late stages of the disease (3, 6, 9, 12, 18 months of age). Several peroxisome-related markers in transgenic and wild-type hippocampal formation were comparatively studied, by a combined molecular/immunohistochemical/ultrastructural approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results demonstrate early and significant peroxisomal modifications in AD mice, compared to wild-type. Indeed, the peroxisomal membrane protein of 70 kDa and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 are induced at 3 months, possibly reflecting the need for efficient fatty acid β-oxidation, as a compensatory response to mitochondrial dysfunction. The concomitant presence of oxidative damage markers and the altered expression of antioxidant enzymes argue for early oxidative stress in AD. During physiological and pathological brain aging, important changes in the expression of peroxisome-related proteins, also correlating with ongoing gliosis, occur in the hippocampus. These age- and genotype-based alterations, strongly dependent on the specific marker considered, indicate metabolic and/or numerical remodeling of peroxisomal population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, our data support functional and biogenetic relationships linking peroxisomes to mitochondria and suggest peroxisomal proteins as biomarkers/therapeutic targets in pre-symptomatic AD.
authors: Department of Biology-LIME, University Roma Tre, viale Marconi 446, Rome 00146, Italy.
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Fanelli
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Sepe
authors: Marcello
authors: M
authors: D'Amelio
authors: Cinzia
authors: C
authors: Bernardi
authors: Loredana
authors: L
authors: Cristiano
authors: AnnaMaria
authors: A
authors: Cimini
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Cecconi
authors: Maria Paola
authors: MP
authors: Ceru'
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Moreno
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides
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