title: Borderline intellectual functioning: consensus and good practice guidelines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) is conceptualized as the frontier that delimits "normal" intellectual functioning from intellectual disability (IQ 71-85). In spite of its magnitude, its prevalence cannot be quantified and its diagnosis has not yet been defined.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To elaborate a conceptual framework and to establish consensus guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  A mixed qualitative methodology, including frame analysis and nominal groups techniques, was used. The literature was extensively reviewed in evidence based medical databases, scientific publications, and the grey literature. This information was studied and a framing document was prepared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Scientific publications covering BIF are scarce. The term that yields a bigger number of results is "Borderline Intelligence". The Working Group detected a number of areas in which consensus was needed and wrote a consensus document covering the conclusions of the experts and the framing document.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is a priority to reach an international consensus about the BIF construct and its operative criteria, as well as to develop specific tools for screening and diagnosis. It is also necessary to define criteria that enable its incidence and prevalence. To know what interventions are the most efficient, and what are the needs of this population, is vital to implement an integral model of care centred on the individual.
authors: Unidad de Investigación en Discapacidad Intelectual y Trastornos del Desarrollo, Fundació Villablanca, IISPV, CIBERSAM, Reus, España.
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Salvador-Carulla
authors: Juan Carlos
authors: JC
authors: García-Gutiérrez
authors: Mencía
authors: M
authors: Ruiz Gutiérrez-Colosía
authors: Josep
authors: J
authors: Artigas-Pallarès
authors: José
authors: J
authors: García Ibáñez
authors: Joan
authors: J
authors: González Pérez
authors: Margarida
authors: M
authors: Nadal Pla
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Aguilera Inés
authors: Sofia
authors: S
authors: Isus
authors: Josep Maria
authors: JM
authors: Cereza
authors: Miriam
authors: M
authors: Poole
authors: Guillermo
authors: G
authors: Portero Lazcano
authors: Patricio
authors: P
authors: Monzón
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Leiva
authors: Mara
authors: M
authors: Parellada
authors: Katia
authors: K
authors: García Nonell
authors: Andreu
authors: A
authors: Martínez I Hernández
authors: Eugenia
authors: E
authors: Rigau
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Martínez-Leal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D062309:Community Integration; D015897:Comorbidity; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000453:epidemiology; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004519:Education, Special / Q000592:standards; D016832:Employment, Supported; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D007360:Intelligence; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D002666:Psychology, Child; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D055815:Young Adult