title: Functional outcomes, functional capacity, and cognitive impairment in schizotypal personality disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Individuals with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) exhibit impaired cognitive functioning in a pattern similar to that found in schizophrenia; less clear is the extent to which these individuals also share schizophrenia patients' impairments in functional capacity and real-world functioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 46 SPD patients, as well as 38 individuals with avoidant personality disorder (AvPD) and 55 healthy controls (HC) on: cognitive functioning, real-world functioning (employment and residential status), and functional capacity (indexed by the UPSA, a performance-based skills assessment).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that individuals with SPD exhibited worse performance on both the cognitive battery and the UPSA than the other groups; they were also less likely to be employed and to be living independently. Additionally, cognitive and UPSA performance in the SPD group was intercorrelated to a degree comparable to what has been found in schizophrenia, and this relationship was not present in the AvPD group. Finally, real-world functioning was related to UPSA performance for both patient groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SPD patients exhibit impaired real-world functioning suggesting that these deficits extend across the schizophrenia spectrum. In addition, there is supportive evidence for the validity and importance of performance-based measures such as the UPSA to predict everyday outcomes across the schizophrenia spectrum.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States. Margaret.McNamara@mssm.edu
authors: Margaret M
authors: MM
authors: McClure
authors: Philip D
authors: PD
authors: Harvey
authors: Christopher R
authors: CR
authors: Bowie
authors: Brian
authors: B
authors: Iacoviello
authors: Larry J
authors: LJ
authors: Siever
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003142:Communication; D032882:Comprehension / Q000502:physiology; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012569:Schizotypal Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014888:Wechsler Scales
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