title: Phenotyping of left and right ventricular function in mouse models of compensated hypertrophy and heart failure with cardiac MRI.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function have an important impact on symptom occurrence, disease progression and exercise tolerance in pressure overload-induced heart failure, but particularly RV functional changes are not well described in the relevant aortic banding mouse model. Therefore, we quantified time-dependent alterations in the ventricular morphology and function in two models of hypertrophy and heart failure and we studied the relationship between RV and LV function during the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  MRI was used to quantify RV and LV function and morphology in healthy (n = 4) and sham operated (n = 3) C57BL/6 mice, and animals with a mild (n = 5) and a severe aortic constriction (n = 10).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice subjected to a mild constriction showed increased LV mass (P<0.01) and depressed LV ejection fraction (EF) (P<0.05) as compared to controls, but had similar RVEF (P>0.05). Animals with a severe constriction progressively developed LV hypertrophy (P<0.001), depressed LVEF (P<0.001), followed by a declining RVEF (P<0.001) and the development of pulmonary remodeling, as compared to controls during a 10-week follow-up. Myocardial strain, as a measure for local cardiac function, decreased in mice with a severe constriction compared to controls (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Relevant changes in mouse RV and LV function following an aortic constriction could be quantified using MRI. The well-controlled models described here open opportunities to assess the added value of new MRI techniques for the diagnosis of heart failure and to study the impact of new therapeutic strategies on disease progression and symptom occurrence.
authors: Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. b.j.v.nierop@tue.nl
authors: Bastiaan J
authors: BJ
authors: van Nierop
authors: Hans C
authors: HC
authors: van Assen
authors: Elza D
authors: ED
authors: van Deel
authors: Leonie B P
authors: LB
authors: Niesen
authors: Dirk J
authors: DJ
authors: Duncker
authors: Gustav J
authors: GJ
authors: Strijkers
authors: Klaas
authors: K
authors: Nicolay
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010641:Phenotype; D013997:Time Factors; D016276:Ventricular Function / Q000502:physiology*
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