title: Effects of the breed, sex and age on cellular content and growth factor release from equine pure-platelet rich plasma and pure-platelet rich gel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is no information on the effects of the breed, gender and age on the cellular content and growth factor (GF) release from equine pure-platelet rich plasma (P-PRP) and pure-platelet rich gel (P-PRG). The objectives of this study were: 1) to compare the cellular composition of P-PRP with whole blood and platelet poor plasma (PPP); 2) to compare the concentration of transforming GF beta 1 (TGF-β1) and platelet derived GF isoform BB (PDGF-BB) between P-PRP treated with non-ionic detergent (P-PRP+NID), P-PRG (activated with calcium gluconate -CG-), PPP+NID, PPP gel (PPG), and plasma and; 3) to evaluate and to correlate the effect of the breed, gender and age on the cellular and GF concentration for each blood component. Forty adult horses, 20 Argentinean Creole Horses (ACH) and, 20 Colombian Creole Horses (CCH) were included. Data were analyzed by parametric (i.e.: t-test, one way ANOVA) and non parametric (Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon test) tests. Correlation analysis was also performed by using the Spearman and Pearson tests. A p ≤ 0.05 was set as significant for all tests. All the blood components were compared for platelet (PLT), leukocyte (WBC), TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB concentrations. The effect of the breed, gender and age on these variables was analyzed. A P ≤ 0.05 was accepted as significant for all the tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PLT counts were 1.8 and 0.6 times higher in P-PRP than in whole blood and PPP, respectively; WBC counts were 0.5 and 0.1 times lower in P-PRP, in comparison with whole blood and PPP, respectively. TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB concentrations were 2.3 and 262 times higher, respectively, in P-PRG than in plasma, and 0.59 and 0.48 times higher, respectively, in P-PRG than in PPG. P-PRG derived from CCH females or young horses presented significantly (P < 0.001) higher PDGF-BB concentrations than P-PRG derived from ACH males or older horses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicated that P-PRP obtained by a manual method was affected by intrinsic factors such as the breed, gender and age. Equine practitioners should be aware that cellular and GF release from P-PRP/P-PRG could change according with the intrinsic variables associated with a patient in particular.
authors: Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.
authors: Carlos E
authors: CE
authors: Giraldo
authors: Catalina
authors: C
authors: López
authors: María E
authors: ME
authors: Álvarez
authors: Ismael J
authors: IJ
authors: Samudio
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Prades
authors: Jorge U
authors: JU
authors: Carmona
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010976:Platelet Count / Q000662:veterinary; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012737:Sex Factors; D013045:Species Specificity; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
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