title: Morphological and molecular taxonomy of Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae) with notes on its life history in Israel.
abstract: Descriptions and illustrations of the adult female and first-instar nymph of the kermesid Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, based on the adult female lectotype and paralectotype (here designated), and new material collected from Israel are presented. A key for the identification of first-instar nymphs of Nidularia spp. is offered. Molecular identification of Nidularia balachowskii, using nucleotide sequences from the D2-D3 region of the 28S ribosomal gene, and the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene, is presented. Morphological and molecular analyses confirm that Nidularia balachowskii is closely related to other species within the Kermesidae. In Israel, this species develops only on Quercus ithaburensis and is univoltine. This is the first detailed report of Nidulariabalachowskii from Israel.
authors: Department of Entomology, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, POB 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel  ; Department of Entomology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors: Malkie
authors: M
authors: Spodek
authors: Yair
authors: Y
authors: Ben-Dov
authors: Murad
authors: M
authors: Ghanim
authors: Zvi
authors: Z
authors: Mendel
keywords: 28S; COI; Quercus spp. ; Scale insect; monophagous; morphology; univoltine
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