title: The effective dose assessment of C-arm CT in hepatic arterial embolisation therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effective dose of the liver C-arm computed tomography (CT) scan during hepatic arterial embolisation surgery with clinical dose-area product (DAP) data from Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The experiment used two kinds of phantoms: RANDO® Man and RANDO Woman (The Phantom Laboratory, Salem, NY), embedded with thermoluminescent dosemeters at locations according to the International Commission on Radiological Protection 103 report. The conversion factors of DAP to effective doses for males and females, respectively, were obtained. The clinical DAP data of liver C-arm CT scan during hepatic arterial embolisation surgery were collected in a hospital in Taiwan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 125 liver transarterial embolisation therapy cases, including 94 males and 31 females, from February 2009 to June 2010. C-arm CT was used 38 times for males and 17 times for females. The corresponding average and standard deviation of clinical DAP were 61.0±6.6 Gy cm(2) and 52.2±8.3 Gy cm(2), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DAP of RANDO Man and RANDO Woman phantoms simply scanned by C-arm CT are much lower than that of patients. After consideration of the clinical DAP of patients, the effective doses of a liver C-arm CT scan recommended for males and females in Taiwan are 11.5±2.3 mSv and 11.3±3.0 mSv, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The conversion factors of DAP to effective doses for males and females are 0.19±0.03 mSv Gy(-1) cm(-2) and 0.22±0.05 mSv Gy(-1) cm(-2). Only if the actual DAP value of a patient scan is multiplied by the conversion factor can the correct effective dose be determined.
authors: School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, and Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Y-S
authors: YS
authors: Tyan
authors: Y-Y
authors: YY
authors: Li
authors: M-C
authors: MC
authors: Ku
authors: H-H
authors: HH
authors: Huang
authors: T-R
authors: TR
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006499:Hepatic Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
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