title: Screening for urinary biomarkers of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.
abstract: The present study aimed to screen for urinary biomarkers of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) in children. These biomarkers were divided into three groups, the control, the steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and the SRNS groups, which were composed of 45, 32 and 9 children, respectively. Urine samples were obtained and analyzed using Au-chips. Compared with the control group, the peak intensities of four proteins, measured using mass-to-charge ratios, were significantly increased in the primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS; SSNS and SRNS combined) group (P<0.01). The intensity of three and one peaks increased significantly in the SSNS and SRNS groups, respectively, compared with the control (P<0.01). Compared with the SRNS group, the intensity of one protein peak increased in the SSNS group (P<0.01). The diagnostic model was established based on these four protein peaks. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 88.89 and 93.75%, respectively. Four differentially expressed proteins may consequently serve as urinary biomarkers for SRNS in children.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000,  P.R. China.
authors: Yongqi
authors: Y
authors: Bai
authors: Wenjun
authors: W
authors: Liu
authors: Qulian
authors: Q
authors: Guo
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zou
keywords: biomarkers; nephrotic syndrome; steroid-resistant; urinary proteomics; urine
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