title: The relationship of serum anti-Mullerian hormone with polycystic ovarian morphology and polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  What is the relationship of serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) with polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum AMH concentrations are capable of differentiating between normal ovaries, PCOM and PCOS.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Serum AMH levels are high in PCOS reflecting the number of small antral follicles and an intrinsic defect of individual granulosa cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected prospectively and analysed from three groups of women: those with PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria, those with PCOM but no symptoms and those with normal ovaries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with PCOS (n = 90), with PCOM (n = 35) and with normal ovaries (controls, n = 90), matched for age and body mass index, were all being treated for infertility at Homerton University Hospital, a tertiary referral centre.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using adequate numbers and statistical methods for demographically similar groups, there were significant differences in the mean serum AMH concentrations between women with PCOS [77.6 pmol/l (95% CI 64.8-90.3)], those with PCOM [52.2 pmol/l (95% CI 40.1-64.2)] and controls [23.6 pmol/l (95% CI 20.5-26.7)] (P < 0.001). The combination of AMH >48 pmol/l and LH > 6 IU/l diagnosed 82.6% of women with PCOS. The mean serum FSH was lower in both PCOS and PCOM compared with controls, whereas LH was higher in PCOS compared with PCOM and controls and correlated positively with AMH (r = 0.321, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further research is needed to determine the relationship of AMH, PCOS and PCOM. The study was restricted to women who sought out treatment for infertility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study suggests that the severity of symptoms of PCOS is positively related to the number of small follicles and that AMH may play an important part in the pathophysiology of anovulation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  None.
authors: Fertility Unit, Homerton University Hospital, London E9 6SR, UK. r.homburg@vumc.nl
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Homburg
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Ray
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Bhide
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Gudi
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Shah
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Timms
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Grayson
mesh_terms: D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone