title: Hierarchical organization of context in the hippocampal episodic code.
abstract: The hippocampal system appears to be critically important in establishing episodic memory of both internal and external events within contexts as well as spatial memory, which enables flexible spatial navigation. However, the neuronal substrates that function across different memories in the hippocampal system are poorly understood. I monitored large-scale activity patterns of hippocampal neuronal ensembles in rats performing a novel, continuous task that combined one visually guided and two memory-guided types of navigations in a constant environment. I found that the activity patterns of the hippocampal ensemble represent spatiotemporal contexts (journeys) constructed by temporally ordered past, present and expected future places in tandem with visually or mnemonically guided non-spatial contexts (task-demands) to form episodes. This finding therefore suggests that the hierarchical organization of contexts based on pattern separation and completion enables the hippocampus to play a dual role in spatial navigation and recall of episodic memory.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00321.001.
authors: Laboratory of Neural Circuitry, Graduate School of Brain Science ,  Doshisha University ,  Kizugawa ,  Japan ; Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO) ,  Japan Science and Technology Agency ,  Kawaguchi ,  Japan ; Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering ,  Kyoto Sangyo University ,  Kyoto ,  Japan.
authors: Susumu
authors: S
authors: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001931:Brain Mapping; D056547:CA1 Region, Hippocampal / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D061212:Memory, Episodic; D011939:Mental Recall; D009043:Motor Activity; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D046709:Pattern Recognition, Physiological; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012201:Reward; D065852:Spatial Memory; D013997:Time Factors; D014796:Visual Perception
keywords: Rat; episodic-like memory; hippocampus; place cell
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