title: Upper torso and pelvis linear velocity during the downswing of elite golfers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During a golf swing, analysis of the movement in upper torso and pelvis is a key step to determine a motion control strategy for accurate and consistent shots. However, a majority of previous studies that have evaluated this movement limited their analysis only to the rotational movement of segments, and translational motions were not examined. Therefore, in this study, correlations between translational motions in the 3 axes, which occur between the upper torso and pelvis, were also examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  The experiments were carried out with 14 male pro-golfers (age: 29 ± 8 years, career: 8.2 ± 4.8years) who registered in the Korea Professional Golf Association (KPGA). Six infrared cameras (VICON; Oxford Metrics, Oxford, UK) and SB-Clinc software (SWINGBANK Ltd, Korea) were used to collect optical marker trajectories. The center of mass (CoM) of each segment was calculated based on kinematic principal. In addition, peak value of CoM velocity and the time that each peak occurred in each segment during downswing was calculated. Also, using cross-correlation analysis, the degree of coupling and time lags of peak values occurred between and within segments (pelvis and upper torso) were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a result, a high coupling strength between upper torso and pelvis with an average correlation coefficient = 0.86 was observed, and the coupling between segments was higher than that within segments (correlation coefficient = 0.81 and 0.77, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Such a high coupling at the upper torso and pelvis can be used to reduce the degree of motion control in the central nervous system and maintain consistent patterns in the movement. The result of this study provides important information for the development of optimal golf swing movement control strategies in the future.
authors: Raredisease Research Institute, Guro Hospital, Korea University, 97 Guro-Gil, Guro, Seoul 152-703, Republic of Korea.
authors: Seung-Hui
authors: SH
authors: Beak
authors: Ahnryul
authors: A
authors: Choi
authors: Seung-Wook
authors: SW
authors: Choi
authors: Seung Eel
authors: SE
authors: Oh
authors: Joung Hwan
authors: JH
authors: Mun
authors: Heegoo
authors: H
authors: Yang
authors: Taeyong
authors: T
authors: Sim
authors: Hae-Ryong
authors: HR
authors: Song
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D056352:Athletes; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006055:Golf / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009038:Motion; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D010388:Pelvis / Q000502:physiology*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012984:Software; D060726:Torso / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
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