title: Variations in matrix metalloproteinase-1, -3, and -9 genes and the risk of acute coronary syndrome and coronary artery disease in the Chinese Han population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of endopeptidases involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and MMP gene polymorphisms may contribute toward the risk of coronary heart disease. Within this context, our aim was to examine whether MMP1, MMP3, and MMP9 gene polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The MMP1 -519 A/G, MMP3 -1171 5A/6A, and MMP9 -1562 C/T polymorphisms were evaluated in 1574 individuals. Genotypes of patients with ACS (n=660) and angiographically defined CAD (n=382) were compared with ACS-free (n=914) and non-CAD controls (n=466).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MMP3 5A allele occurred at a higher frequency in patients with ACS than in ACS-free individuals (P=0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the 5A/5A genotype of MMP3 was associated with a significantly increased risk of ACS [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=2.297, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.105-4.775, P=0.026, 5A/5A vs. 6A/6A]. The CT and TT variant genotypes of MMP9 were associated with the occurrence of CAD (adjusted OR=1.425, 95% CI=1.045-1.943, P=0.025, CT+TT vs. CC). None of the MMP1 -519 A/G polymorphisms was associated with ACS or CAD. Because of linkage disequilibrium, MMP1 and MMP3 polymorphisms were combined on chromosome 11q22.3, and the 5A-1171-G-519 haplotype had a genetic risk factor for ACS (OR=1.505, 95% CI=1.219-1.857, P=0.00013), whereas the 6A-1171-G-519 haplotype had a decreased risk of ACS (OR=0.815, 95% CI=0.677-0.981, P=0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, the present findings indicate that genetic variations in MMP3 and MMP9 genes may be useful genetic markers for determining susceptibility to CAD in the Chinese Han population.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People’s Republic China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Xu
authors: Lihan
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Changfu
authors: C
authors: Xu
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Zhang
authors: Fendi
authors: F
authors: Yong
authors: Haibo
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: Jianan
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Yuping
authors: Y
authors: Shi
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000235:genetics*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: C511768:MMP3 protein, human; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C522360:MMP1 protein, human; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1