title: Pulmonary innate immune response and melatonin receptors in the perinatal stress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the cytokines of the innate immune pulmonary response and the capacity for local response to melatonin according to the perinatal stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  49 cases of pediatric autopsies were evaluated, divided according to cause of death, perinatal stress, gestational age, and birth weight. The percentages of IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-1β, TNF-α, and melatonin receptor were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IL-6 expression was higher in the children showing chronic stress, anoxia, and infection. The IL-6 expression showed a progressive increase according to the relation between weight and GA. There was no significant difference in the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. The CRP expression was higher in the cases showing chronic stress and premature cases. The expression of melatonin receptors was significantly higher in the cases showing chronic stress, being more evident in the cases showing infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cause of death and the type of stress influence the expression in situ of melatonin and cytokines of the innate immune pulmonary response. The evaluation of IL-6 and CRP may contribute to the understanding of the evolution of neonates with chronic stress. The greater sensitivity of the lung to melatonin in these cases may indicate an attempt at controlling the immunological response, in an attempt to diminish the harmful effects of stress.
authors: Discipline of General Pathology, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, Avenida Frei Paulino No. 30, Bairro Abadia, 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
authors: Janaínna Grazielle Pacheco
authors: JG
authors: Olegário
authors: Marcos Vinícius
authors: MV
authors: Silva
authors: Juliana Reis
authors: JR
authors: Machado
authors: Laura Penna
authors: LP
authors: Rocha
authors: Marlene Antônia
authors: MA
authors: Reis
authors: Camila Souza de Oliveira
authors: CS
authors: Guimarães
authors: Rosana Rosa Miranda
authors: RR
authors: Corrêa
mesh_terms: D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002423:Cause of Death; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005311:Fetal Hypoxia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007239:Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology*; D008550:Melatonin / Q000276:immunology; D011247:Pregnancy; D044094:Receptors, Melatonin / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D044094:Receptors, Melatonin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D008550:Melatonin
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