title: Respiration patterns of resting wasps (Vespula sp.).
abstract: We investigated the respiration patterns of wasps (Vespula sp.) in their viable temperature range (2.9-42.4°C) by measuring CO2 production and locomotor and endothermic activity. Wasps showed cycles of an interburst-burst type at low ambient temperatures (Ta<5°C) or typical discontinuous gas exchange patterns with closed, flutter and open phases. At high Ta of >31°C, CO2 emission became cyclic. With rising Ta they enhanced CO2-emission primarily by an exponential increase in respiration frequency, from 2.6 mHz at 4.7°C to 74 mHz at 39.7°C. In the same range of Ta CO2 release per cycle decreased from 38.9 to 26.4 μl g(-1)cycle(-1). A comparison of wasps with other insects showed that they are among the insects with a low respiratory frequency at a given resting metabolic rate (RMR), and a relatively flat increase of respiratory frequency with RMR. CO2 emission was always accompanied by abdominal respiration movements in all open phases and in 71.4% of the flutter phases, often accompanied by body movements. Results suggest that resting wasps gain their highly efficient gas exchange to a considerable extent via the length and type of respiration movements.
authors: Institut für Zoologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria. helmut.kaefer@uni-graz.at
authors: Helmut
authors: H
authors: Käfer
authors: Helmut
authors: H
authors: Kovac
authors: Anton
authors: A
authors: Stabentheiner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D007259:Infrared Rays; D009043:Motor Activity; D012119:Respiration; D013045:Species Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D014743:Videotape Recording; D014863:Wasps / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide
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