title: Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis due to fungi other than Aspergillus: a global overview.
abstract: Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) is a hypersensitivity-mediated disease of worldwide distribution. We reviewed 143 reported global cases of ABPM due to fungi other than aspergilli. The commonest etiologic agent was Candida albicans, reported in 60% of the cases, followed by Bipolaris species (13%), Schizophyllum commune (11%), Curvularia species (8%), Pseudallescheria boydii species complex (3%) and rarely, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium vasinfectum, Penicillium species, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Stemphylium languinosum, Rhizopus oryzae, C. glabrata, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Trichosporon beigelii. India accounted for about 47% of the globally reported cases of ABPM, attributed predominantly to C. albicans, followed by Japan (16%) where S. commune predominates, and the remaining one-third from the USA, Australia and Europe. Notably, bronchial asthma was present in only 32% of ABPM cases whereas its association with development of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is known to be much more frequent. The cases reviewed herein revealed a median IgE value threefold higher than that of ABPA, suggesting that the etiologic agents of ABPM incite a stronger immunological response than that by aspergilli in ABPA. ABPM is currently underdiagnosed, warranting comprehensive basic and clinical studies in order to elucidate its epidemiology and to devise a more effective therapy.
authors: Department of Medical Mycology , and.
authors: Anuradha
authors: A
authors: Chowdhary
authors: Kshitij
authors: K
authors: Agarwal
authors: Shallu
authors: S
authors: Kathuria
authors: Shailendra Nath
authors: SN
authors: Gaur
authors: Harbans Singh
authors: HS
authors: Randhawa
authors: Jacques F
authors: JF
authors: Meis
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D055744:Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D007073:Immunoglobulin E