title: In vitro fermentation characteristics of select nondigestible oligosaccharides by infant fecal inocula.
abstract: This study sought to determine the fermentation potential of human milk oligosaccharides by mixed cultures of fecal microbiota from breast-fed (BF; n = 4) and formula-fed (FF; n = 4) infants. Infant fecal inocula were incubated with galactooligosaccharide (GOS), gum arabic (GA), HP inulin (HP), 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL), 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL), and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnt). GOS, 2'FL, and LNnT had a lower pH than other substrates after 3 h (P < 0.05). Total short chain fatty acids were greater in FF compared to BF infants at 6 h (P = 0.03) and 12 h (P = 0.01). GOS, 2'FL, and LNnT led to more lactate than 6'SL, HP, and GA (P < 0.05). Bifidobacteria populations were greater (P = 0.02) in FF at 6 and 12 h. Overall, GOS, 2'FL, and LNnT were rapidly fermented by infant fecal inocula, 6'SL and HP had intermediate fermentability, while GA had little fermentation. Inocula from FF infants fermented substrates more rapidly than inocula from BF infants, which should be accounted for when evaluating substrate fermentability. These data will aid in future infant formulas to promote optimal gut health in FF infants.
authors: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
authors: Brittany M
authors: BM
authors: Vester Boler
authors: Mariana C
authors: MC
authors: Rossoni Serao
authors: Trevor A
authors: TA
authors: Faber
authors: Laura L
authors: LL
authors: Bauer
authors: JoMay
authors: J
authors: Chow
authors: Michael R
authors: MR
authors: Murphy
authors: George C
authors: GC
authors: Fahey
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005285:Fermentation; D005690:Galactose / Q000378:metabolism; D006170:Gum Arabic / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula; D007444:Inulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D056692:Prebiotics
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D056692:Prebiotics; D006170:Gum Arabic; D007444:Inulin; D005690:Galactose