title: Identification and root cause analysis of cell culture media precipitates in the viral deactivation treatment with high-temperature/short-time method.
abstract: High-temperature/short-time (HTST) treatment of cell culture media is one of the proven techniques used in the biopharmaceutical manufacturing industry for the prevention and mitigation of media viral contamination. With the HTST method, the formulated media is pasteurized (virus-deactivated) by heating and pumping the media continuously through the preset high-temperature holding tubes to achieve a specified period of time at a specific temperature. Recently, during the evaluation and implementation of HTST method in multiple Amgen, Inc. manufacturing facilities, media precipitates were observed in the tests of HTST treatments. The media precipitates may have adverse consequences such as clogging the HTST system, altering operating conditions and compromising the efficacy of viral deactivation, and ultimately affecting the media composition and cell growth. In this study, we report the identification of the composition of media precipitates from multiple media HTST runs using combined microspectroscopic methods including Raman, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The major composition in the precipitates was determined to be metal phosphates, including calcium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, and iron (III) phosphate. Based on the composition, stoichiometry, and root-cause study of media precipitations, methods were implemented for the mitigation and prevention of the occurrence of the media precipitation.
  Viral contamination in cell culture media is an important issue in the biopharmaceutical manufacturing industry and may have serious consequences on product quality, efficacy, and safety. High-temperature/short-time (HTST) treatment of cell culture media is one of the proven techniques used in the industry for the prevention and mitigation of media viral contamination. With the HTST method, the formulated media is pasteurized (virus-deactivated) by heating at preset conditions. This paper provides the identification and root-cause study of the media precipitates that adversely affected the HTST process and discusses the possible solutions to mitigate the precipitation problem.
authors: Department of Drug Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320.
authors: Xiaolin
authors: X
authors: Cao
authors: Gregory
authors: G
authors: Stimpfl
authors: Zai-Qing
authors: ZQ
authors: Wen
authors: Gregory
authors: G
authors: Frank
authors: Glenn
authors: G
authors: Hunter
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D003470:Culture Media; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006358:Hot Temperature; D061352:Pasteurization; D060891:Root Cause Analysis; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media