title: Cuminum cyminum, a dietary spice, attenuates hypertension via endothelial nitric oxide synthase and NO pathway in renovascular hypertensive rats.
abstract: Cuminum cyminum (CC) is a commonly used spice in South Indian foods. It has been traditionally used for the treatment and management of sleep disorders, indigestion, and hypertension. The present study was carried out to scientifically evaluate the anti-hypertensive potential of standardized aqueous extract of CC seeds and its role in arterial endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, inflammation, and oxidative stress in renal hypertensive rats. Renal hypertension was induced by the two-kidney one-clip (2K/1C) method in rats. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), plasma nitrate/nitrite, carotid-eNOS, renal-TNF-α, IL-6, Bax, Bcl-2, thioredoxin 1 (TRX1), and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TRXR1) mRNA expressions were studied to demonstrate the anti-hypertensive action of CC. Cuminum cyminum was administered orally (200 mg/kg b.wt) for a period of 9 weeks; it improved plasma nitric oxide and decreased the systolic blood pressure in hypertensive rats. It also up-regulated the gene expression of eNOS, Bcl-2, TRX1, and TRXR1; and down-regulated Bax, TNF-α, and IL-6. These data reveal that CC seeds augment endothelial functions and ameliorate inflammatory and oxidative stress in hypertensive rats. The present report is the first of its kind to demonstrate the mechanism of anti-hypertensive action of CC seeds in an animal model of renovascular hypertension.
authors: Centre for Toxicology and Developmental Research (CEFT), Sri Ramachandra University , Chennai 600116, Tamil Nadu , India.
authors: Periyathambi
authors: P
authors: Kalaivani
authors: Ramesh Babu
authors: RB
authors: Saranya
authors: Ganapathy
authors: G
authors: Ramakrishnan
authors: Vijayan
authors: V
authors: Ranju
authors: Sekar
authors: S
authors: Sathiya
authors: Veeraraghavan
authors: V
authors: Gayathri
authors: Lakshmi Kantham
authors: LK
authors: Thiyagarajan
authors: Jayakothanda Ramaswamy
authors: JR
authors: Venkhatesh
authors: Chidambaram Saravana
authors: CS
authors: Babu
authors: Sadagopan
authors: S
authors: Thanikachalam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000473:pathology; D028527:Cuminum; D019254:Genes, bcl-2 / Q000187:drug effects; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction; D017365:Spices; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; C494828:Bax protein, rat; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat