title: The role of CYP2E1 in alcohol metabolism and sensitivity in the central nervous system.
abstract: Ethanol consumption has effects on the central nervous system (CNS), manifesting as motor incoordination, sleep induction (hypnosis), anxiety, amnesia, and the reinforcement or aversion of alcohol consumption. Acetaldehyde (the direct metabolite of ethanol oxidation) contributes to many aspects of the behavioral effects of ethanol. Given acetaldehyde cannot pass through the blood brain barrier, its concentration in the CNS is primarily determined by local production from ethanol. Catalase and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) represent the major enzymes in the CNS that catalyze ethanol oxidation. CYP2E1 is expressed abundantly within the microsomes of certain brain cells and is localized to particular brain regions. This chapter focuses on the discussion of CYP2E1 in ethanol metabolism in the CNS, covering topics including how it is regulated, where it is expressed and how it influences sensitivity to ethanol in the brain.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
authors: Claire
authors: C
authors: Heit
authors: Hongbin
authors: H
authors: Dong
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Thompson
authors: Richard A
authors: RA
authors: Deitrich
authors: Vasilis K
authors: VK
authors: Vasiliou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000201:enzymology*; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000502:physiology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D000431:Ethanol; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1
references: Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2006 Jan;16(1):51-8
references: 16344722
references: Eur J Biochem. 1972 Feb;25(3):420-30
references: 4402915
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Apr;35(4):606-12
references: 21332529
references: Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Mar;33(3):449-57
references: 15576447
references: Pharmacogenetics. 2003 Jun;13(6):321-8
references: 12777962
references: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Dec;177(1-2):84-92
references: 15160264
references: Eur J Biochem. 2003 Mar;270(6):1316-26
references: 12631290
references: Diabetes. 2004 Jan;53(1):185-94
references: 14693714
references: J Stud Alcohol. 2004 Sep;65(5):557-72
references: 15536764
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2010 Sep 1;34(9):1574-83
references: 20586756
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2002 Jan;26(1):114-9
references: 11821661
references: Alcohol Alcohol. 2011 May-Jun;46(3):233-8
references: 21349883
references: Pharmacol Rev. 1989 Dec;41(4):489-537
references: 2700603
references: Science. 1998 Nov 13;282(5392):1269
references: 9867631
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000 Sep;24(9):1433-42
references: 11003211
references: J Biol Chem. 1996 May 17;271(20):12063-7
references: 8662637
references: Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2011 Jan-Feb;48(1):19-47
references: 21657944
references: J Biol Chem. 2001 Jul 6;276(27):24680-9
references: 11325963
references: Neurochem Int. 2005 Jul;47(1-2):129-35
references: 15904994
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(24):8369-73
references: 2934732
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Oct;30(10):1659-69
references: 17010133
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012 Jan;36(1):43-54
references: 21689122
references: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2008 Nov;200(4):455-64
references: 18587667
references: Bratisl Lek Listy. 2009;110(5):307-11
references: 19507669
references: Mol Pharmacol. 1996 Nov;50(5):1065-72
references: 8913336
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1989 Dec;13(6):730-6
references: 2690654
references: J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 25;277(43):40583-93
references: 12191992
references: Alcohol Res Health. 2006;29(4):245-54
references: 17718403
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Apr;35(4):581-3
references: 21352247
references: Hum Exp Toxicol. 2011 Sep;30(9):1256-65
references: 21056952
references: Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Jul 7;44(1):93-8
references: 1632841
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1992 Oct;16(5):910-5
references: 1443429
references: Eur J Biochem. 2001 Oct;268(19):5045-56
references: 11589695
references: J Neurochem. 1991 Jan;56(1):1-11
references: 1987314
references: Cell Biol Toxicol. 2011 Aug;27(4):285-310
references: 21455816
references: Biochem Pharmacol. 1976 Jun 1;25(11):1305-9
references: 938553
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1999 Jun;23(6):991-1007
references: 10397283
references: JAMA. 2004 Mar 10;291(10):1238-45
references: 15010446
references: Science. 1970 Feb 13;167(3920):1005-7
references: 5460776
references: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Aug;293(2):E531-7
references: 17488809
references: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006 Oct 1;216(1):1-10
references: 16712892
references: Biochem Pharmacol. 1980 Feb;29(3):411-7
references: 7362655
references: Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;138(7):1376-86
references: 12711639
references: FEBS J. 2011 Nov;278(22):4252-60
references: 21929725
references: Brain Res Bull. 2003 Dec 30;62(3):197-202
references: 14698353
references: J Biol Chem. 2010 Aug 6;285(32):24609-19
references: 20529841
references: Alcohol Res Health. 2006;29(4):266-73
references: 17718405
references: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002 May;72(1-2):55-64
references: 11900769
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Sep;30(9):1500-5
references: 16930212
references: Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2010 Apr;7(4):1540-57
references: 20617045
references: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1977 Jul;7(1):19-35
references: 561961
references: FEBS Lett. 1996 Nov 18;397(2-3):338-42
references: 8955375