title: Evaluation of canine retraction through distraction of the periodontal ligament: a clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of canine distraction and also to evaluate the position of canine in the arch after distraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study sample consisted of five patients, (4 males and 1 female), in the age group of 14 to 25 years who needed canine retraction (ten maxillary canines including both left and right) and first premolar extraction as their treatment protocol were included in the study. This study used a in-house manufactured periodontal ligament distractor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maxillary canines were distracted distally by 6.42 mm in three and half weeks with a distal tipping of around 15.1° and the maxillary first molars tipped mesially by an average of 6.1°. The maxillary canines rotated mesiobucally by an average of 7.8° bilaterally.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Canines can be distracted rapidly with minimal effects on the vitality and the periodontal condition and almost all of extraction space can be used for anterior dental alignment or retraction. Maxillary canines can be rapidly retracted into the first premolar extraction space at the rate of about 2.43 mm per week.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall treatment time is reduced as the time taken for retraction of canine is decreased considerably from 6 and 8 months to 3 weeks. Also there is no significant anchorage loss during this period and is well suitable for cases with group a anchorage where the whole extraction space is needed for retraction of anterior teeth.
authors: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. drsujank@yahoo.co.in
authors: K V Sujan
authors: KV
authors: Kumar
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Umashankar
authors: D Pradeep
authors: DP
authors: Kumar
authors: D Praveen
authors: DP
authors: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000601:surgery; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000473:pathology*; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult