title: Estimating the risk of squamous cell cancer induction in skin following nonlinear optical imaging.
abstract: High power femto-second (fs) laser pulses used for in-vivo nonlinear optical (NLO) imaging can form cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) in DNA, which may lead to carcinogenesis via subsequent mutations. Since UV radiation from routine sun exposure is the primary source of CPD lesions, we evaluated the risk of CPD-related squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in human skin due to NLO imaging relative to that from sun exposure. We developed a unique cancer risk model expanding previously published estimation of risk from exposure to continuous wave (CW) laser. This new model showed that the increase in CPD-related SCC in skin from NLO imaging is negligible above that due to regular sun exposure.
authors: Centre for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Erasmus Medical Centre, Post Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. g.thomas@erasmusmc.nl.
authors: Giju
authors: G
authors: Thomas
authors: Oleg
authors: O
authors: Nadiarnykh
authors: Johan
authors: J
authors: van Voskuilen
authors: Christopher L
authors: CL
authors: Hoy
authors: Hans C
authors: HC
authors: Gerritsen
authors: Henricus J C M
authors: HJ
authors: Sterenborg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D003412:Cricetulus; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers / Q000009:adverse effects; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
keywords: UV radiation; biological hazard; carcinogenesis; cyclic pyrimidine dimers; femto-second pulses; nonlinear imaging; relative risk