title: Cone-beam computed tomography and microtomography for alveolar bone measurements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and microtomography (micro-CT) for alveolar bone measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty teeth and alveolar bone blocks of five pigs were scanned on a micro-CT with a 9.05 μm pixel size, and on a CBCT device at 0.125 mm voxel size. One height and four thickness measurements were performed twice in standardized slices by two radiologists to verify reliability. Agreement between imaging methods was assessed by correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, and the difference was tested by a Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regarding intra- and interobserver agreements, all bone measurements presented excellent precision values for micro-CT, but interobserver agreement for CBCT presented good to moderate values. Bone height differed about 0.3 mm, but no statistically significant differences were found for the bone thickness measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CBCT underestimated bone height. No statistically significant differences were found for bone thickness. Regions of thin bone tissue may not be visualized on CBCT images. There are risks of underestimating bone measurements with CBCT and assuming bone loss that does not exist clinically. Although the difference of the bone height measurement was small, the clinical relevance must be analyzed on how to interpret CBCT.
authors: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Science, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil.
authors: Nathália
authors: N
authors: Ferrare
authors: André Ferreira
authors: AF
authors: Leite
authors: Hugo César Pinto Marques
authors: HC
authors: Caracas
authors: Ricardo Bentes
authors: RB
authors: de Azevedo
authors: Nilce Santos
authors: NS
authors: de Melo
authors: Paulo Tadeu
authors: PT
authors: de Souza Figueiredo
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D002102:Cadaver; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013552:Swine; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods*
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