title: A genome-wide RNA interference screen identifies new regulators of androgen receptor function in prostate cancer cells.
abstract: The androgen receptor (AR) is a mediator of both androgen-dependent and castration-resistant prostate cancers. Identification of cellular factors affecting AR transcriptional activity could in principle yield new targets that reduce AR activity and combat prostate cancer, yet a comprehensive analysis of the genes required for AR-dependent transcriptional activity has not been determined. Using an unbiased genetic approach that takes advantage of the evolutionary conservation of AR signaling, we have conducted a genome-wide RNAi screen in Drosophila cells for genes required for AR transcriptional activity and applied the results to human prostate cancer cells. We identified 45 AR-regulators, which include known pathway components and genes with functions not previously linked to AR regulation, such as HIPK2 (a protein kinase) and MED19 (a subunit of the Mediator complex). Depletion of HIPK2 and MED19 in human prostate cancer cells decreased AR target gene expression and, importantly, reduced the proliferation of androgen-dependent and castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. We also systematically analyzed additional Mediator subunits and uncovered a small subset of Mediator subunits that interpret AR signaling and affect AR-dependent transcription and prostate cancer cell proliferation. Importantly, targeting of HIPK2 by an FDA-approved kinase inhibitor phenocopied the effect of depletion by RNAi and reduced the growth of AR-positive, but not AR-negative, treatment-resistant prostate cancer cells. Thus, our screen has yielded new AR regulators including drugable targets that reduce the proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
authors: Keren
authors: K
authors: Imberg-Kazdan
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Ha
authors: Alex
authors: A
authors: Greenfield
authors: Christopher S
authors: CS
authors: Poultney
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Bonneau
authors: Susan K
authors: SK
authors: Logan
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Garabedian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D056892:Mediator Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C558319:MED19 protein, human; D056892:Mediator Complex; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; C115114:HIPK2 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
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