title: Pharmacogenetics of ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema and cough: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Angioedema and cough are the two most important adverse effects of ACE inhibitors (ACEIs). Evidence exists that ACEI-related angioedema/cough is partly genetically determined and several genes have been identified to play a role in the development of ACEI-related adverse effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was performed in order to evaluate the evidence of these genetic associations and ACEIs' adverse effects. After removing duplicates and critical appraisal, 19 studies were considered to be eligible to review; 14 articles about cough and five articles about angioedema. A separate meta-analysis was performed for the most studied ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs4646994) and its association with cough.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One gene region (XPNPEP2) was associated with ACEI-induced angioedema in three studies. In our meta-analysis we did not find a significant association between the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism and ACEI cough.
authors: Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Seyed Hamidreza
authors: SH
authors: Mahmoudpour
authors: Maarten
authors: M
authors: Leusink
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: van der Putten
authors: Ingrid
authors: I
authors: Terreehorst
authors: Folkert W
authors: FW
authors: Asselbergs
authors: Anthonius
authors: A
authors: de Boer
authors: Anke H
authors: AH
authors: Maitland-van der Zee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000799:Angioedema / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003371:Cough / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D043782:Receptor, Bradykinin B2 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D043782:Receptor, Bradykinin B2; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A