title: Oligonol inhibits dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and colonic adenoma formation in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of oligonol administration on experimentally induced colitis and colonic adenoma formation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral administration of oligonol protected against mouse colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Under the same experimental conditions, oligonol administration significantly inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclin D1 in the mouse colon. Further, oligonol inhibited azoxymethane-initiated and DSS-promoted adenoma formation in the mouse colon. Oligonol administration also attenuated lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and protein oxidation (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal), thereby preventing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells. In vitro studies demonstrated that oligonol treatment reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, il-6, cox-2, and inos in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. In another study, oligonol upregulated the antioxidant gene expression in the intestinal epithelial CCD841CoN cells and in the mouse colon.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oligonol, an innovative formulation of catechin-type oligomers derived from the lychee fruit extract, was tested in this study for the first time to evaluate its effects on experimentally induced colitis and colonic adenoma formation in mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oligonol is effective in protecting against DSS-induced mouse colitis and colon carcinogenesis, suggesting that this polyphenol formulation may have a potential for the amelioration of inflammatory bowel disease and related disorders.
authors: Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Hye-Won
authors: HW
authors: Yum
authors: Xiancai
authors: X
authors: Zhong
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Park
authors: Hye-Kyung
authors: HK
authors: Na
authors: Nayoung
authors: N
authors: Kim
authors: Hye Seung
authors: HS
authors: Lee
authors: Young-Joon
authors: YJ
authors: Surh
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C530105:Ccnd1 protein, mouse; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010636:Phenols; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494087:Stat3 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C514283:oligonol; D019938:Cyclin D1; D002392:Catechin; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
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