title: Protective immunity against Echinostoma caproni in rats is induced by Syphacia muris infection.
abstract: Syphacia muris (Nematoda: Oxyuridae) is a ubiquitous nematode that commonly infects rats in the laboratory and can interfere with the development of unrelated biological assays. In this context, we analysed the effect of a patent S. muris infection in Wistar rats on a superimposed infection with the intestinal trematode, Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). The results indicate that in the rats, infection with S. muris induces an immunity against a subsequent infection with E. caproni, although each parasite occupies different niches in the host. Echinostoma caproni worm recovery was significantly decreased in the rats primarily infected with S. muris and, at 3 and 4 weeks post-primary infection, the rats primarily infected with S. muris were refractory to the challenge infection with E. caproni. We observed that the main alterations induced by S. muris in the niche of E. caproni (ileum) that may be the cause of the resistance are: (i) a local antibody response with elevated levels of mucosal IgA, IgE, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a that cross-react with E. caproni antigens; (ii) development of a biased Th17/Th2 phenotype; and (iii) changes in the glycosylation of ileal mucins. This indicates that S. muris induces distant alterations to the ileum of rats affecting the development of other helminth species. Apart from the interest of these results in the study of the interactions between helminths in a single host, it has been demonstrated that pinworm infections may interfere in non-related experiments.
authors: Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Trelis
authors: Alba
authors: A
authors: Cortés
authors: Bernard
authors: B
authors: Fried
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Marcilla
authors: J Guillermo
authors: JG
authors: Esteban
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Toledo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D060467:Disease Resistance; D004450:Echinostomatidae / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D007082:Ileum / Q000276:immunology; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D010123:Oxyuriasis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D010124:Oxyuroidea / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014201:Trematode Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth