title: Prognostic study of sevoflurane-based general anesthesia on cognitive function in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is unclear whether volatile general anesthetics have sustained adverse effects on the immature brains of children. We performed a self-controlled study to evaluate the effects of strabismus surgery under sevoflurane-based general anesthesia on the cognitive function of pediatric patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 100 children of ages 4 to 7 years old scheduled to undergo strabismus correction under sevoflurane-based general anesthesia. Cognitive function was tested 1 day before the operation (T1), 1 month after the operation (T2), and 6 months after the operation by the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) (Third Edition) method, which consists of 150 items. The scores at T1 were compared with scores at T2 and T3.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-two children completed the three tests. At T1, they were 66.1 ± 7.7 months old and had a mean body weight of 21.6 ± 4.0 kg. The mean anesthesia time was 67.3 ± 9.8 min. The mean interval between T1 and T2 was 25.4 ± 6.8 days, and that between T1 and T3 was 182.1 ± 27.7 days. No statistically significant decrease in WPPSI scores was observed between T1 and T2, or between T1 and T3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings from our self-controlled study show that sevoflurane-based general anesthesia does not have significantly adverse effects on the cognitive function of 4- to 7-year-old children at 1 month and 6 months after strabismus surgery. Additional studies with a larger sample size are needed.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China.
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Fan
authors: Yirong
authors: Y
authors: Cai
authors: Kaizheng
authors: K
authors: Chen
authors: Wenxian
authors: W
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013285:Strabismus / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane
references: Paediatr Anaesth. 1996;6(1):45-9
references: 8839088
references: Cell. 2002 Aug 23;110(4):429-41
references: 12202033
references: Anesthesiology. 2005 May;102(5):920-8
references: 15851878
references: Anesthesiology. 2009 Apr;110(4):805-12
references: 19293699
references: Scand J Psychol. 2002 Sep;43(4):291-8
references: 12361097
references: J Neurosci. 2003 Feb 1;23(3):876-82
references: 12574416
references: Crit Care Med. 1994 Jun;22(6):1032-4
references: 8205811
references: Anesth Analg. 2009 Jan;108(1):90-104
references: 19095836
references: Brain Res. 2004 Jul 23;1015(1-2):107-13
references: 15223373
references: Anesthesiology. 2005 Jun;102(6):1147-57
references: 15915027
references: Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2005;11(3):197-208
references: 16161087
references: Anesthesiology. 2005 Apr;102(4):720-6
references: 15791099
references: Food Chem Toxicol. 2006 Aug;44(8):1399-407
references: 16678324
references: Paediatr Anaesth. 2010 Apr;20(4):318-22
references: 20199609
references: Anesthesiology. 2012 Dec;117(6):1253-61
references: 23103557
references: Anesth Analg. 2006 Jul;103(1):173-9, table of contents
references: 16790648
references: Paediatr Anaesth. 2004 Oct;14(10):866-70
references: 15385017
references: Pediatrics. 2006 Aug;118(2):651-8
references: 16882820
references: Pediatrics. 2004 Apr;113(4):727-32
references: 15060219
references: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2005 Dec;25(12):1586-95
references: 15917746
references: Anaesthesia. 2006 Jun;61(6):541-7
references: 16704587
references: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2001 Mar;45(3):275-89
references: 11207462
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 31;96(18):10433-7
references: 10468626
references: Anesth Analg. 2008 Jun;106(6):1681-707
references: 18499597