title: Associations of depressive and anxiety disorders with periodontal disease prevalence in young adults: analysis of 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Depression and anxiety have been linked to periodontal disease, an emerging risk factor for chronic diseases. However, this literature is mixed, and few studies have concurrently evaluated depression and anxiety.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We simultaneously examined the associations of depressive and anxiety disorders with periodontal disease prevalence and explored tobacco use as a mediator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 1,979 young adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 who underwent a diagnostic interview and a dental examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adults with panic disorder had a threefold higher odds of having periodontal disease than those without this disorder (OR = 3.07, 95 % CI 1.17-8.02). This relationship was partially mediated by tobacco use and remained after adjustment for major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, which were not related to periodontal disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Young adults with panic disorder may have greater odds of having periodontal disease, in part, due to increased tobacco use.
authors: Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N. Blackford Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors: Tasneem
authors: T
authors: Khambaty
authors: Jesse C
authors: JC
authors: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology