title: High levels of genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum populations in Papua New Guinea despite variable infection prevalence.
abstract: High levels of genetic diversity in Plasmodium falciparum populations are an obstacle to malaria control. Here, we investigate the relationship between local variation in malaria epidemiology and parasite genetic diversity in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Cross-sectional malaria surveys were performed in 14 villages spanning four distinct malaria-endemic areas on the north coast, including one area that was sampled during the dry season. High-resolution msp2 genotyping of 2,147 blood samples identified 761 P. falciparum infections containing a total of 1,392 clones whose genotypes were used to measure genetic diversity. Considerable variability in infection prevalence and mean multiplicity of infection was observed at all of the study sites, with the area sampled during the dry season showing particularly striking local variability. Genetic diversity was strongly associated with multiplicity of infection but not with infection prevalence. In highly endemic areas, differences in infection prevalence may not translate into a decrease in parasite population diversity.
authors: Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia. barry@wehi.edu.au
authors: Alyssa E
authors: AE
authors: Barry
authors: Lee
authors: L
authors: Schultz
authors: Nicholas
authors: N
authors: Senn
authors: Joe
authors: J
authors: Nale
authors: Benson
authors: B
authors: Kiniboro
authors: Peter M
authors: PM
authors: Siba
authors: Ivo
authors: I
authors: Mueller
authors: John C
authors: JC
authors: Reeder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control; D019353:Endemic Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D010219:Papua New Guinea / Q000453:epidemiology; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015995:Prevalence; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D012621:Seasons; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C065974:merozoite surface protein 2, Plasmodium
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