title: Universal scaling of plasmonic refractive index sensors.
abstract: We establish experimental and numerical evidence that the refractive index sensitivities of various subwavelength plasmonic sensors obey a simple universal scaling relation that the sensitivities linearly increase with λm/neff (where λm is the resonant wavelengths and neff is the effective refractive index of the environment) and exhibit a slope equal to 1 instead of 2 predicted theoretically. The universal scaling relation is independent of the geometrical structures or contributions of multipolar resonances of individual metal structures (i.e. plasmonic atoms). It is also independent of spatial distributions or field-enhancements of electromagnetic hot spots in coupled metal structures (i.e. plasmonic molecules). The universal scaling relation reveals the fundamental standing wave resonances for all plasmonic atoms and the predominant near-field electric couplings for most plasmonic molecules. The established universal relation also helps to exclude some magnetically coupled plasmonic molecules for practical applications due to their reduced sensitivities.
authors: Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors: Yen-Kai
authors: YK
authors: Chang
authors: Zong-Xing
authors: ZX
authors: Lou
authors: Kao-Der
authors: KD
authors: Chang
authors: Chih-Wei
authors: CW
authors: Chang
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008027:Light; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014159:Transducers