title: Clinical experience with the Swiss lithoclast master in treatment of bladder calculi.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bladder calculi account for 5% of urinary tract calculi in the Western world, and many different treatment modalities have been presented throughout the decades. We report our clinical experience using the Swiss LithoClast® Master (SLM).
  
  
  METHODS
  The SLM is a rigid, hand-held endourologic probe including a pneumatic lithotriptor and an ultrasonic lithotriptor. Attached to the ultrasonic modality is a suction system. The two lithotriptor modalities are controlled by a footswitch and can be activated separately or simultaneously. The SLM is used via a rigid endoscope. Indications for treatment were medical complaints such as hematuria, lower urinary tract symptoms, pain, recurrent urinary tract infections, recurrent bursts of balloon in indwelling catheters, and difficulties performing clean intermittent self-catheterization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From August 1, 2009, to August 1, 2011, 27 patients were treated for bladder calculi (24 men). Five had a neurogenic voiding dysfunction, 3 had prostate cancer, and 19 had benign prostatic enlargement or detrusor muscle insufficiency. Median age was 74 years (range 45-86 years). Stone clearance was obtained in 26 (96%) patients. Stone burden was one or multiple bladder calculi. Median stone size of the largest stone in each patient was 20 (5-40) mm. Under the same anesthesia, two patients underwent a transurethral resection of the prostate because of a very large prostate. Median lithotripsy time was 60 (range 20-144) minutes. All patients were discharged within 24 hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method described is a safe and quick method for endoscopic lithotripsy of bladder calculi rendering the patients stone free in the vast majority of cases. The procedure can be performed as day-case surgery.
authors: Department of Urology, University Hospital of Aarhus , Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark .
authors: Pernille S
authors: PS
authors: Kingo
authors: Allan M
authors: AM
authors: Ryhammer
authors: Sven
authors: S
authors: Fuglsig
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020684:Cystoscopes; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001744:Urinary Bladder Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000150:complications