title: Specialized progenitors and regeneration.
abstract: Planarians are flatworms capable of regenerating all body parts. Planarian regeneration requires neoblasts, a population of dividing cells that has been studied for over a century. Neoblast progeny generate new cells of blastemas, which are the regenerative outgrowths at wounds. If the neoblasts comprise a uniform population of cells during regeneration (e.g. they are all uncommitted and pluripotent), then specialization of new cell types should occur in multipotent, non-dividing neoblast progeny cells. By contrast, recent data indicate that some neoblasts express lineage-specific transcription factors during regeneration and in uninjured animals. These observations raise the possibility that an important early step in planarian regeneration is the specialization of neoblasts to produce specified rather than naïve blastema cells.
authors: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, MIT Biology, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. reddien@wi.mit.edu
authors: Peter W
authors: PW
authors: Reddien
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D010932:Planarians / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
references: Genome Biol. 2012;13(3):R19
references: 22439894
references: Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1327-30
references: 16311336
references: Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2004;20:725-57
references: 15473858
references: Dev Cell. 2011 May 17;20(5):725-32
references: 21571228
references: Wilhelm Roux Arch Entwickl Mech Org. 1972 Jun;169(2):134-169
references: 28304777
references: PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27927
references: 22125640
references: Science. 2011 May 13;332(6031):811-6
references: 21566185
references: Development. 2010 Apr;137(7):1055-65
references: 20215344
references: PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e34447
references: 22496805
references: Development. 2010 Jan;137(2):213-21
references: 20040488
references: Science. 1988 Jul 1;241(4861):58-62
references: 2898810
references: Int J Dev Biol. 2012;56(1-3):93-102
references: 22450997
references: PLoS Genet. 2011 Aug;7(8):e1002226
references: 21852957
references: Nature. 2009 Jul 2;460(7251):60-5
references: 19571878
references: Development. 2011 Oct;138(20):4387-98
references: 21937596
references: Dev Cell. 2011 May 17;20(5):713-24
references: 21571227
references: Dev Genes Evol. 2007 May;217(5):403-11
references: 17390146
references: Development. 2012 Mar;139(6):1083-94
references: 22318224
references: Dev Growth Differ. 2010 Jan;52(1):27-41
references: 20078652
references: Dev Biol. 2009 Apr 15;328(2):305-14
references: 19389358
references: Trends Cell Biol. 2011 May;21(5):304-11
references: 21353778
references: Trends Genet. 2011 Jul;27(7):277-85
references: 21680047
references: Genome Biol. 2011 Aug 16;12(8):R76
references: 21846378
references: Int J Dev Biol. 2012;56(1-3):19-37
references: 22252540
references: Development. 2012 Oct;139(19):3510-20
references: 22899852
references: Dev Biol. 2011 Oct 1;358(1):68-78
references: 21806978
references: Genes Dev. 2012 May 1;26(9):988-1002
references: 22549959
references: Dev Genes Evol. 2013 Mar;223(1-2):67-84
references: 23138344
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Apr 3;104(14):5901-6
references: 17376870
references: Development. 2005 Apr;132(8):1863-74
references: 15772127
references: J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1984 Oct;83:63-80
references: 6502076
references: EMBO J. 2012 Jun 13;31(12):2755-69
references: 22543868
references: Annu Rev Genet. 2007;41:83-105
references: 18076325
references: Cell. 2006 Jan 27;124(2):241-5
references: 16439195
references: Dev Cell. 2006 Aug;11(2):159-69
references: 16890156
references: Dev Growth Differ. 2006 Dec;48(9):615-28
references: 17118016
references: Development. 2004 Jun;131(11):2669-79
references: 15148301
references: Dev Biol. 2000 Apr 15;220(2):142-53
references: 10753506
references: Dev Biol. 2009 Apr 15;328(2):410-21
references: 19389344
references: Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2010 Oct;21(8):845-54
references: 20849971
references: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol. 2013 May-Jun;2(3):301-26
references: 23799578
references: Stem Cells. 2012 Aug;30(8):1734-45
references: 22696458
references: Dev Biol. 1999 Feb 1;206(1):73-87
references: 9918696
references: Cell Stem Cell. 2012 Mar 2;10(3):299-311
references: 22385657
references: Dev Biol. 2010 May 15;341(2):429-43
references: 20230812
references: Dev Growth Differ. 2006 Aug;48(6):371-80
references: 16872450
references: Dev Growth Differ. 2010 Jan;52(1):131-44
references: 20078655
references: RNA. 2008 Jun;14(6):1174-86
references: 18456843
references: Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2008;73:439-49
references: 19022770
references: Dev Biol. 2010 Aug 15;344(2):979-91
references: 20599901
references: Nat Rev Genet. 2002 Mar;3(3):210-9
references: 11972158
references: Dev Cell. 2011 Jul 19;21(1):172-85
references: 21763617
references: Cell Rep. 2012 Aug 30;2(2):294-307
references: 22884275
references: Dev Cell. 2005 May;8(5):635-49
references: 15866156
references: Cell Stem Cell. 2008 Sep 11;3(3):327-39
references: 18786419