title: Vascular endothelial growth factor induces growth of uterine cervix and immune cell recruitment in mice.
abstract: Knowledge of uterine cervical epithelial biology and factors that influence its events may be critical in understanding the process of cervical remodeling (CR). Here, we examine the impact of exogenous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on uterine cervical epithelial growth in mice (nonpregnant and pregnant) treated with VEGF agents (recombinant and inhibitor) using a variety of morphological and molecular techniques. Exogenous VEGF altered various uterine cervical epithelial cellular events, including marked induction of growth, edema, increase in inter-epithelial paracellular space, and recruitment of immune cells to the outer surface of epithelial cells (cervical lumen). We conclude that VEGF induces multiple alterations in the uterine cervical epithelial tissues that may play a role in local immune surveillance and uterine cervical growth during CR.
authors: Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Rankin Science North Building N219, 572 River Street, Boone, North Carolina 28608, USA.
authors: Siobhan M
authors: SM
authors: Donnelly
authors: Bao Tran
authors: BT
authors: Nguyen
authors: Scott
authors: S
authors: Rhyne
authors: Jordan
authors: J
authors: Estes
authors: Subrina
authors: S
authors: Jesmin
authors: Chishimba Nathan
authors: CN
authors: Mowa
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D057507:Mice, 129 Strain; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse