title: The anti-phospholipid antibody-dependent and independent effects of periodontopathic bacteria on threatened preterm labor and preterm birth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Periodontal disease is considered to be a risk factor for threatened preterm labor (TPL) and preterm birth (PB), but pathogenic mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. We hypothesized that infection with periodontopathic bacteria may enhance thrombosis through molecular mimicry with TLRVYK peptides on beta-2 glycoprotein I, a target molecule in anti-phospholipid syndrome. This study aimed to examine the effects of periodontitis on TPL and PB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-five pregnant women (47 TPL and 48 healthy subjects) participated. Periodontal clinical parameters and periodontopathic bacteria were examined. Molecular mimicry between TLRVYK peptides and homologous peptides on the periodontopathic bacteria was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using rabbit polyclonal antibodies specific for the respective peptides (SIRVYK on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, TLRIYT on Porphyromonus gingivalis, and TLALYK on Treponema denticola). Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, anti-TLRVYK and anti-SIRVYK IgG antibodies were measured using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the rabbit antibodies specific for the bacterial homologous peptides, only anti-SIRVYK IgG antibody reacted with TLRVYK peptides. Multivariable analysis showed that anti-SIRVYK IgG antibody was significantly associated with diagnosis of TPL. Of 95 births, 14 (14.7 %) delivered preterm. The preterm birth rate was higher in the anti-SIRVYK IgG antibody >median group than in the ≤median group. Of the 47 TPL subjects 13 had PB, and ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that past smoking, presence of P. gingivalis and anti-SIRVYK IgG antibody were significantly correlated with PB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infection with P. gingivalis and the antibody response to SIRVYK might be associated with TPL and PB.
authors: Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
authors: Changchang
authors: C
authors: Ye
authors: Sayaka
authors: S
authors: Katagiri
authors: Naoyuki
authors: N
authors: Miyasaka
authors: Pariksha
authors: P
authors: Bharti
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Yasuo
authors: Y
authors: Takeuchi
authors: Yoshihito
authors: Y
authors: Momohara
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Sekiguchi
authors: Satoko
authors: S
authors: Takamine
authors: Toshiyuki
authors: T
authors: Nagasawa
authors: Yuichi
authors: Y
authors: Izumi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000276:immunology; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D001724:Birth Weight; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003429:Cross Reactions; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000276:immunology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000276:immunology; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D047929:Term Birth / Q000276:immunology; D048373:Treponema denticola / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D009842:Oligopeptides; D002097:C-Reactive Protein