title: Single-incision pediatric endosurgery for ovarian pathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite being pioneered by gynecologists, single-incision endosurgery has not been widely reported for the treatment of ovarian and adnexal pathology in neonates, children, and adolescents. We describe our initial experience using single-incision pediatric endosurgery (SIPES) for these indications and discuss advantages and drawbacks.
  
  
  METHODS
  All children who underwent SIPES with a preoperative diagnosis of ovarian or adnexal pathology were included in the study. Data on age, operative time, complications, length of hospital stay, and outcomes were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From January 2010 until January 2012, 19 girls (mean age, 11.4 years; range, 6 days-17 years; weight range, 4.0-90 kg) underwent SIPES procedures for ovarian or adnexal diagnoses, including hemorrhagic/follicular/paratubal cysts (n=8), torsion (n=7), tumor (n=3), and parauterine cyst (n=1). The operations included cyst unroofing (n=4), detorsion and oophoropexy (n=7), (salpingo)oophorectomy (n=5), marsupialization of cyst (n=2), and cyst aspiration (n=1). Median operative time was 42 ± 29 minutes; there were no conversions to conventional laparoscopy or open surgery. Fifteen patients (79%) were discharged within 24 hours after the procedure. There were no peri- or postoperative complications. Histopathology showed hemorrhagic/follicular/paratubal cyst (n=7), necrotic/calcified ovarian tissue after torsion (n=6), cystadenofibroma (n=1), granulosa cell tumor (n=1), and mature teratoma (Grade 0) (n=1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SIPES is an excellent alternative to conventional laparoscopy for the treatment of adnexal pathology. Using a single umbilical incision that can be enlarged instead of three smaller trocar sites facilitates the resection and extraction of ovarian masses without compromising cosmesis.
authors: Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's of Alabama, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. lacher.martin@mh-hannover.de
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Lacher
authors: Joachim F
authors: JF
authors: Kuebler
authors: Govardhana R
authors: GR
authors: Yannam
authors: Charles J
authors: CJ
authors: Aprahamian
authors: Lena
authors: L
authors: Perger
authors: Elizabeth A
authors: EA
authors: Beierle
authors: Scott A
authors: SA
authors: Anderson
authors: Mike K
authors: MK
authors: Chen
authors: Carroll M
authors: CM
authors: Harmon
authors: Oliver J
authors: OJ
authors: Muensterer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies