title: Mixed Incontinence: How Best to Manage It?
abstract: Although common in women, mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) is under-reported and under-treated. It is linked to concomitant disturbances, which may be due to childbirth, ageing, or other medical conditions, in the complex bladder-urethra coordinated system of urine storage and emptying. Primary care physicians can evaluate MUI through history and simple clinical assessment or they can avail of more complex device and tools, such as urodynamic assessment. There is a wide range of therapeutic options. The recent proliferation of new drug treatments and surgical devices for urinary incontinence offers innovative strategies for therapy but products risk being introduced without long-term safety and efficacy assessment. Direct-to-consumer advertising has increased public awareness of MUI.
authors: Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties and Public Health, Urology and Andrology Section, University of Perugia, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia. Loc. S. Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, 06100 Italy.
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: Porena
authors: Elisabetta
authors: E
authors: Costantini
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: Lazzeri
keywords: Antimuscarinics; Biofeedback; Colpo-suspension; Diagnosis; Duloxetin; Epidemiology; Integral theory; Intrinsic sphincter deficiency; Mixed urinary incontinence; Oestrogens; Pathophysiology; Pelvic floor muscle exercises; Prevalence; Pubovaginal sling; Quality of life; Surgery; TOT; TVT; Therapy; Urethrovesical axis; Urinary incontinence; Urodynamic assessment
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