title: Resveratrol decreases noise-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the rat cochlea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of resveratrol, a grape constituent noted for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, in reducing temporary threshold shifts and decreasing cochlear hair cell damage following noise exposure. This study was designed to identify the potential protective mechanism of resveratrol by measuring its effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation following noise exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled animal intervention study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Otology Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two healthy male Fischer 344 rats (2-3 months old) were exposed to acoustic trauma of variable duration with or without intervention. An additional 20 healthy male rats were used to study COX-2 expression at different time points during and following treatment of 24 hours of noise exposure. Cochlear harvest was performed at various time intervals for measurement of COX-2 protein expression via Western blot analysis and immunostaining. Peripheral blood was also obtained for ROS analysis using flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acoustic trauma exposure resulted in a progressive up-regulation of COX-2 protein expression, commencing at 8 hours and peaking at 32 hours. Similarly, ROS production increased after noise exposure. However, treatment with resveratrol reduced noise-induced COX-2 expression as well as ROS formation in the blood as compared with the controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  COX-2 levels are induced dramatically following noise exposure. This increased expression may be a potential mechanism of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and a possible mechanism of resveratrol's ability to mitigate NIHL by its ability to reduce COX-2 expression.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan 48322, USA. mseidma1@hfhs.org
authors: Michael D
authors: MD
authors: Seidman
authors: Wenxue
authors: W
authors: Tang
authors: Venkatesh Uma
authors: VU
authors: Bai
authors: Nadir
authors: N
authors: Ahmad
authors: Hao
authors: H
authors: Jiang
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Media
authors: Nimisha
authors: N
authors: Patel
authors: Cory J
authors: CJ
authors: Rubin
authors: Robert T
authors: RT
authors: Standring
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003051:Cochlea / Q000187:drug effects*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013267:Stilbenes; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D000077185:Resveratrol