title: Alterations of CSF cystatin C levels and their correlations with CSF Αβ40 and Αβ42 levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease, dementia with lewy bodies and the atrophic form of general paresis.
abstract: Immunohistochemical studies have revealed that cystatin C (CysC) co-localizes with amyloid-β (Αβ) in amyloid-laden vascular walls and in the senile plaque cores of amyloid. In vitro and in vivo animal studies suggest that CysC protects against neurodegeneration by inhibition of cysteine proteases, inhibition of Αβ aggregation, induction of autophagy and induction of cell division. CysC levels may be altered and may have a potential link with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ levels in various types of dementia with characteristic amyloid deposits, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and the atrophic form of general paresis (AF-GP). We assessed the serum and CSF levels of CysC and the CSF levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in patients with AD (n = 51), DLB (n = 26) and AF-GP (n = 43) and normal controls (n = 30). Using these samples, we explored the correlation between CSF CysC and CSF Aβ levels. We found that in comparison to the normal control group, both CSF CysC and CSF Aβ42 levels were significantly lower in all three dementia groups (all p<0.001); serum CysC levels were the same in the AD and DLB groups, and were lower in the AF-GP group (p = 0.008). The CSF CysC levels were positively correlated with both the CSF Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in the AD, AF-GP and normal control groups (r = 0.306∼0.657, all p<0.05). Lower CSF CysC levels might be a common feature in dementia with characteristic amyloid deposits. Our results provide evidence for the potential role of CysC involvement in Aβ metabolism and suggest that modulation of the CysC level in the brain might produce a disease-modifying effect in dementia with characteristic amyloid deposits.
authors: Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiao-Mei
authors: XM
authors: Zhong
authors: Le
authors: L
authors: Hou
authors: Xin-Ni
authors: XN
authors: Luo
authors: Hai-Shan
authors: HS
authors: Shi
authors: Guo-Yan
authors: GY
authors: Hu
authors: Hong-Bo
authors: HB
authors: He
authors: Xin-Ru
authors: XR
authors: Chen
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Zheng
authors: Yue-Feng
authors: YF
authors: Zhang
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Tan
authors: Xue-Jun
authors: XJ
authors: Liu
authors: Nan
authors: N
authors: Mu
authors: Jian-Ping
authors: JP
authors: Chen
authors: Yu-Ping
authors: YP
authors: Ning
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D003401:Creatine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020961:Lewy Body Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D009494:Neurosyphilis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D055316:Cystatin C; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C538897:amyloid beta-protein (40-42); D003401:Creatine
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