title: Introduction to diabetes mellitus.
abstract: The chronic metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus is a fast-growing global problem with huge social, health, and economic consequences. It is estimated that in 2010 there were globally 285 million people (approximately 6.4% of the adult population) suffering from this disease. This number is estimated to increase to 430 million in the absence of better control or cure. An ageing population and obesity are two main reasons for the increase. Furthermore it has been shown that almost 50% of the putative diabetics are not diagnosed until 10 years after onset of the disease, hence the real prevalence of global diabetes must be astronomically high. This chapter introduces the types of diabetes and diabetic complications such as impairment of immune system, periodontal disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, somatic and autonomic neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases and diabetic foot. Also included are the current management and treatments, and emerging therapies.
authors: Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
authors: Kirti
authors: K
authors: Kaul
authors: Joanna M
authors: JM
authors: Tarr
authors: Shamim I
authors: SI
authors: Ahmad
authors: Eva M
authors: EM
authors: Kohner
authors: Rakesh
authors: R
authors: Chibber
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents