title: C. elegans fmi-1/flamingo and Wnt pathway components interact genetically to control the anteroposterior neurite growth of the VD GABAergic neurons.
abstract: Directed axonal growth is essential to establish neuronal networks. During the early development of the VD neurons, an anterior neurite that will become the VD axon extends along the anteroposterior (A/P) axis in the ventral nerve cord (VNC) in Caenorhabditis elegans. Little is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are important for correct neurite growth in the VNC. In fmi-1/flamingo mutant animals, we observed that some postembryonically born VD neurons had a posterior neurite instead of a normal anterior neurite, which caused aberrant VD commissure patterning along the A/P axis. In addition, VD anterior neurites had underextension defects in the VNC in fmi-1 animals, whereas VD commissure growth along the dorsoventral (D/V) axis occurred normally in these animals, suggesting that fmi-1 is important for neurite growth along the A/P axis but not the D/V axis. We also uncovered unknown details of the early development of the VD neurons, indicating that the neurite defects arose during their early development. Interestingly, though fmi-1 is present at this time in the VNC, we did not observe FMI-1 in the VD neurons themselves, suggesting that fmi-1 might be working in a cell non-autonomous fashion. Furthermore, fmi-1 appears to be working in a novel pathway, independently from the planar cell polarity pathway and in parallel to lin-17/frizzled and dsh-1/dishevelled, to determine the direction of neurite growth. Our findings indicate that redundant developmental pathways regulate neurite growth in the VNC in C. elegans.
authors: The Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
authors: Elvis
authors: E
authors: Huarcaya Najarro
authors: Brian D
authors: BD
authors: Ackley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D019521:Body Patterning; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D059330:GABAergic Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; C569185:DSH-1 protein, C elegans; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; C553209:FMI-1 protein, C elegans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C101684:LIN-17 protein, C elegans; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins
references: J Neurosci. 2010 Nov 24;30(47):16053-64
references: 21106844
references: Bioessays. 2002 Sep;24(9):801-10
references: 12210516
references: Mol Neurobiol. 2011 Dec;44(3):313-20
references: 21909747
references: PLoS One. 2009;4(3):e4690
references: 19259273
references: Dev Cell. 2011 Feb 15;20(2):177-91
references: 21316586
references: Neuron. 2008 Apr 10;58(1):26-33
references: 18400160
references: Curr Biol. 2003 May 13;13(10):828-32
references: 12747830
references: Development. 2002 Jul;129(14):3367-79
references: 12091307
references: Neuron. 2006 Mar 16;49(6):787-9
references: 16543126
references: Dev Cell. 2006 Mar;10(3):367-77
references: 16516839
references: Development. 2003 Nov;130(22):5307-18
references: 13129845
references: Development. 2011 Oct;138(20):4433-42
references: 21880785
references: Neuron. 1990 Jan;4(1):61-85
references: 2310575
references: Development. 2011 Jul;138(14):2915-24
references: 21653614
references: Nat Rev Neurosci. 2007 Jan;8(1):11-20
references: 17133224
references: Dev Biol. 2006 May 15;293(2):316-29
references: 16631156
references: Dev Cell. 2006 Mar;10(3):379-90
references: 16516840
references: PLoS Genet. 2010 Aug 12;6(8):
references: 20711352
references: Nat Neurosci. 2003 Jun;6(6):557-63
references: 12754514
references: Development. 2010 Nov;137(21):3663-73
references: 20876647
references: PLoS Biol. 2011 Sep;9(9):e1001157
references: 21949641
references: Genetics. 1974 May;77(1):71-94
references: 4366476
references: PLoS Genet. 2011 Sep;7(9):e1002257
references: 21912529
references: J Neurosci. 2012 Mar 21;32(12):4196-211
references: 22442082
references: Science. 2003 Dec 12;302(5652):1984-8
references: 14671310
references: Development. 1999 Oct;126(20):4489-98
references: 10498684
references: J Neurosci. 1991 Jan;11(1):1-22
references: 1986064
references: J Neurosci. 1998 Dec 15;18(24):10438-44
references: 9852581
references: Nature. 1997 Oct 23;389(6653):870-6
references: 9349821