title: Ardenticatena maritima gen. nov., sp. nov., a ferric iron- and nitrate-reducing bacterium of the phylum 'Chloroflexi' isolated from an iron-rich coastal hydrothermal field, and description of Ardenticatenia classis nov.
abstract: A novel thermophilic, chemoheterotrophic, Gram-negative-staining, multicellular filamentous bacterium, designated strain 110S(T), was isolated from an iron-rich coastal hydrothermal field in Japan. The isolate is facultatively aerobic and chemoheterotrophic. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences nested strain 110S(T) in a novel class-level clone cluster of the phylum 'Chloroflexi'. The isolate grows by dissimilatory iron- and nitrate-reduction under anaerobic conditions, which is the first report of these abilities in the phylum 'Chloroflexi'. The organism is capable of growth with oxygen, ferric iron and nitrate as a possible electron acceptor, has a wide range of growth temperatures, and tolerates higher NaCl concentrations for growth compared to the other isolates in the phylum. Using phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain 110S(T) (= JCM 17282(T) = NBRC 107679(T) = DSM 23922(T) = KCTC 23289(T) = ATCC BAA-2145(T)) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species in a new genus, Ardenticatena maritima gen. nov., sp. nov. In addition, as strain 110S(T) apparently constitutes a new class of the phylum 'Chloroflexi' with other related uncultivated clone sequences, we propose Ardenticatenia classis nov. and the subordinate taxa Ardenticatenales ord. nov. and Ardenticatenaceae fam. nov.
authors: Laboratory of Marine Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Kawaichi
authors: Laboratory of Marine Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors: Norihiro
authors: N
authors: Ito
authors: Laboratory of Molecular Evolution of Microbes, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
authors: Ryoma
authors: R
authors: Kamikawa
authors: Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Sugawara
authors: Laboratory of Marine Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Yoshida
authors: Laboratory of Marine Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors: Yoshihiko
authors: Y
authors: Sako
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D041862:Chloroflexi / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013696:Temperature; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D009566:Nitrates; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; D012965:Sodium Chloride