title: The ability of outcome questionnaires to capture patient concerns following ankle reconstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to compare questions from outcome questionnaires with items generated by preoperative and postoperative ankle reconstruction patients (using the open-ended questions of self-reported Patient-Specific Index [PASI]) to determine whether existing questionnaires address patients' concerns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n = 142) completed the PASI. Questions from 6 standardized questionnaires (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Foot and Ankle Questionnaire [AAOS], patient-reported portion of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Clinical Rating System Ankle-Hindfoot Scale [AOFAS], Foot Function Index [FFI], Lower Extremity Functional Scale [LEFS], Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment [SMFA], Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]) and PASI were matched by 3 reviewers to corresponding categories in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Standardized questionnaires were then compared with the patient responses produced by the PASI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients identified 690 items corresponding to 45 ICF categories. Most PASI concepts fell into Activities and Participation (60.3%) and Body Functions (29.0%) components, including the categories "walking" (19.1%), "pain" (16.5%), and "recreation and leisure" (15.4%); 237 items were identified in questionnaires and linked to 39 ICF categories. Core issues in questionnaires ("pain," "walking," "stairs") were important concerns for patients, but other key patient concerns ("swelling," "recreation and leisure," "sports") were seldom included in questionnaires.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No single questionnaire captured all patient concerns, and standardized questionnaires differed largely in content. This analysis may help guide development of a more comprehensive instrument for evaluating outcomes following ankle reconstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When choosing an outcome questionnaire, clinicians and researchers should consider the targeted outcome because no one questionnaire captures the full patient experience.
authors: Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. pinskere@smh.ca
authors: Ellie
authors: E
authors: Pinsker
authors: Timothy R
authors: TR
authors: Daniels
authors: Taucha
authors: T
authors: Inrig
authors: Kelly
authors: K
authors: Warmington
authors: Dorcas E
authors: DE
authors: Beaton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000601:surgery; D001174:Arthrodesis; D058737:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Ankle; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires