title: The role of KIR genes and ligands in leukemia surveillance.
abstract: The antileukemic potential of natural killer (NK) cells has been of rising interest in recent years. Interactions between inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and HLA class I ligands seem to be critically involved in the immunosurveillance process. It is also well established that mismatching of HLA class I-encoded KIR ligands in the setting of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation leads to allorecognition of leukemic cells by NK cells, which is in line with the concept of missing-self recognition. Recent data now suggest that KIR gene polymorphism constitutes another important parameter that needs to be taken into account for selection of suitable stem cell donors. Moreover, the role of KIR gene polymorphism for predisposition to leukemia is a current matter of debate. Here, we would like to review the role of KIR function and genetic polymorphism for recognition of leukemia and discuss the impact of these findings for developing novel concepts for NK cell-based immunotherapy strategies.
authors: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors: Florian
authors: F
authors: Babor
authors: Johannes C
authors: JC
authors: Fischer
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Uhrberg
keywords: ALL; AML; HSCT; KIR; NK cells; leukemia; oncology
references: J Immunol. 1998 Jul 15;161(2):571-7
references: 9670929
references: J Exp Med. 1992 Mar 1;175(3):709-18
references: 1371301
references: Blood. 2005 Jun 1;105(11):4416-23
references: 15728129
references: Front Immunol. 2012 Nov 01;3:326
references: 23125843
references: Exp Hematol. 2007 Dec;35(12):1839-46
references: 18036444
references: Immunity. 1997 Dec;7(6):739-51
references: 9430220
references: Annu Rev Immunol. 2002;20:217-51
references: 11861603
references: Immunol Rev. 2001 Jun;181:20-38
references: 11513141
references: Nat Genet. 2002 Aug;31(4):429-34
references: 12134147
references: Br J Haematol. 2008 Dec;143(5):641-53
references: 18950462
references: Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Feb;3(2):133-46
references: 12563297
references: Blood. 2011 Jan 6;117(1):98-107
references: 20935255
references: Anticancer Res. 2006 May-Jun;26(3A):1759-63
references: 16827104
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011 Jun;17(6):885-92
references: 20870028
references: J Immunol. 1997 Oct 15;159(8):3875-82
references: 9378975
references: Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2010 Jan;59(1):73-9
references: 19526239
references: Blood. 2011 Jan 20;117(3):764-71
references: 20889923
references: Nat Immunol. 2011 Jan;12(1):21-7
references: 21113163
references: J Virol. 2009 Jul;83(13):6798-805
references: 19386717
references: J Immunol. 2008 Aug 1;181(3):2227-37
references: 18641363
references: Blood. 2009 Mar 26;113(13):3119-29
references: 18945967
references: Immunol Today. 1990 Jul;11(7):237-44
references: 2201309
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Nov 24;95(24):14326-31
references: 9826699
references: Curr Opin Hematol. 2012 Nov;19(6):434-9
references: 22914586
references: Int J Immunopharmacol. 2000 Jan;22(1):35-43
references: 10684987
references: Blood. 2004 Oct 1;104(7):1923-30
references: 15191952
references: Blood. 2003 Aug 1;102(3):814-9
references: 12689936
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010 Sep;16(9):1257-64
references: 20302958
references: Blood. 2007 Jul 1;110(1):433-40
references: 17371948
references: J Exp Med. 2006 Mar 20;203(3):633-45
references: 16533882
references: PLoS One. 2010 Aug 06;5(8):e11966
references: 20700504
references: Blood. 2004 Nov 1;104(9):2976-80
references: 15251989
references: Blood. 1995 Jun 15;85(12):3577-85
references: 7540068
references: J Exp Med. 1997 Dec 1;186(11):1809-18
references: 9382880
references: Immunogenetics. 2001 May-Jun;53(4):270-8
references: 11491530
references: Haematologica. 2012 Oct;97(10):1523-31
references: 22491731
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Sep 1;89(17):7983-5
references: 1518825
references: Annu Rev Immunol. 2001;19:291-330
references: 11244039
references: J Immunol. 2007 Jul 1;179(1):89-94
references: 17579025
references: Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2008 Jan-Feb;40(1):84-90
references: 17964828
references: J Immunol. 2007 Jan 15;178(2):647-51
references: 17202323
references: Blood. 2008 Sep 15;112(6):2369-80
references: 18583565
references: Clin Exp Immunol. 2007 Jun;148(3):520-8
references: 17493020
references: Nature. 1992 Jul 2;358(6381):66-70
references: 1614533
references: Blood. 2005 May 1;105(9):3615-22
references: 15657183
references: Blood. 2010 Oct 7;116(14):2411-9
references: 20581313
references: Blood. 2002 Nov 15;100(10):3825-7
references: 12393440
references: Haematologica. 2010 Aug;95(8):1381-8
references: 20145268
references: Nature. 2005 Aug 4;436(7051):709-13
references: 16079848
references: Blood. 2007 Jan 1;109(1):323-30
references: 16940427
references: N Engl J Med. 2012 Aug 30;367(9):805-16
references: 22931314
references: N Engl J Med. 2000 Sep 14;343(11):782-6
references: 10984567
references: Blood. 2008 Aug 1;112(3):461-9
references: 18650461
references: J Immunol. 2007 Nov 1;179(9):5977-89
references: 17947671
references: Genes Immun. 2009 Mar;10(2):162-73
references: 19005473
references: Leukemia. 2009 Apr;23(4):721-8
references: 19151772
references: Nat Rev Immunol. 2006 Aug;6(8):595-601
references: 16868550
references: Blood. 2002 May 15;99(10):3661-7
references: 11986221
references: Annu Rev Immunol. 2005;23:225-74
references: 15771571
references: Blood. 2009 Jan 15;113(3):726-32
references: 18945962
references: Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2006;19(4):811-24
references: 16997185
references: Science. 2002 Mar 15;295(5562):2097-100
references: 11896281
references: Blood. 2004 Feb 15;103(4):1521-6
references: 14504099
references: PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e47491
references: 23139747
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2009 Nov;15(11):1366-75
references: 19822295
references: Cancer Res. 1983 Nov;43(11):5580-5
references: 6352019
references: Blood. 2010 Jun 10;115(23):4878-85
references: 20308596
references: Nature. 1986 Feb 20-26;319(6055):675-8
references: 3951539
references: J Exp Med. 2006 Apr 17;203(4):1033-43
references: 16606675
references: N Engl J Med. 2000 Sep 7;343(10):702-9
references: 10974135
references: Tissue Antigens. 2002 Sep;60(3):254-8
references: 12445308
references: J Exp Med. 2009 Oct 26;206(11):2557-72
references: 19858347
references: Blood. 2009 Nov 5;114(19):4108-16
references: 19749090
references: Mol Immunol. 2005 Feb;42(4):471-5
references: 15607801
references: Immunol Rev. 1997 Feb;155:41-52
references: 9059881
references: Adv Immunol. 2005;86:209-39
references: 15705423
references: J Exp Med. 2007 Nov 26;204(12):3027-36
references: 18025129
references: Blood. 2002 Jun 1;99(11):4200-6
references: 12010826
references: Cell Res. 2006 Jan;16(1):20-4
references: 16467872
references: Blood. 2011 May 12;117(19):5152-6
references: 21415265
references: Immunity. 1997 Dec;7(6):753-63
references: 9430221
references: Cancer Res. 2004 Dec 15;64(24):9180-4
references: 15604290
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2006 Aug;12(8):828-36
references: 16864053
references: Int J Clin Lab Res. 1997;27(2):95-102
references: 9266279
references: J Clin Oncol. 2010 Feb 20;28(6):955-9
references: 20085940
references: Blood. 2010 Apr 1;115(13):2686-94
references: 20097883
references: Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2012 Jan;33(1):35-41
references: 22032984
references: J Clin Oncol. 2001 Feb 15;19(4):1152-9
references: 11181681
references: Blood. 2003 May 1;101(9):3730-40
references: 12511415
references: Immunity. 2006 Aug;25(2):331-42
references: 16901727
references: Immunogenetics. 2002 Jul;54(4):221-9
references: 12136333
references: Leukemia. 2004 Dec;18(12):2002-7
references: 15470487
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Feb 26;105(8):3053-8
references: 18287063
references: Immunity. 1997 Aug;7(2):273-82
references: 9285411
references: Blood. 2008 Oct 15;112(8):3488-99
references: 18645039
references: Tissue Antigens. 2010 Apr;75(4):291-455
references: 20356336
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 May 5;106(18):7513-8
references: 19383782
references: Blood. 2011 Aug 4;118(5):1323-8
references: 21613255
references: J Immunol. 2004 Feb 1;172(3):1455-62
references: 14734722
references: Blood. 2005 Mar 1;105(5):2066-73
references: 15536144
references: J Immunol. 2007 Mar 15;178(6):3918-23
references: 17339492
references: J Immunol. 2008 Mar 15;180(6):3969-79
references: 18322206
references: J Immunol. 2005 May 15;174(10):6540-5
references: 15879158
references: J Exp Med. 2009 Jan 16;206(1):25-34
references: 19103877
references: Blood. 2005 Apr 15;105(8):3051-7
references: 15632206
references: Blood. 2012 Sep 27;120(13):2770-2; author reply 2772
references: 23019206
references: Eur J Immunol. 2008 Aug;38(8):2284-9
references: 18624290
references: Blood. 2011 Sep 22;118(12):3273-9
references: 21791425
references: Blood. 2010 Feb 11;115(6):1166-74
references: 19903900
references: Leukemia. 2008 Feb;22(2):249-57
references: 18046448
references: Blood. 2005 Jun 15;105(12):4878-84
references: 15731175
references: Blood. 2001 Aug 1;98(3):705-13
references: 11468170
references: Cancer. 2006 Aug 1;107(3):640-8
references: 16804934
references: Immunogenetics. 2012 Dec;64(12):879-85
references: 22923051
references: Eur J Immunol. 2005 Jan;35(1):10-5
references: 15580655
references: Blood. 2009 Apr 16;113(16):3875-84
references: 19179302
references: J Immunol. 2007 Apr 15;178(8):4947-55
references: 17404276
references: Blood. 2007 Jun 1;109(11):5058-61
references: 17317850
references: N Engl J Med. 2012 Nov 22;367(21):2054-5; author reply 2055
references: 23171112
references: Blood. 2005 May 15;105(10):4135-42
references: 15687235
references: J Immunol. 2004 Jan 1;172(1):644-50
references: 14688377
references: Annu Rev Immunol. 2004;22:405-29
references: 15032583