title: Adipose tissue-specific modulation of galectin expression in lean and obese mice: evidence for regulatory function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Galectins (Gal) exert many activities, including regulation of inflammation and adipogenesis. We evaluated modulation of Gal-1, -3, -9 and -12 in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used two mouse models of obesity, high-fat diet induced obesity (DIO) and ob/ob mice. We also evaluated the response of Gal-1 KO mice to DIO.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both age and diet modulated expression of galectins, with DIO mice having higher serum Gal-1 and Gal-3 versus lean mice after 13-17 weeks of high-fat diet. In DIO mice there was a progressive increase in expression of Gal-1 and Gal-9 in SAT, whereas Gal-3 increased in both VAT and SAT. Expression of Gal-12 declined over time in VAT of DIO mice, similar to adiponectin. Obesity lead to increased production of Gal-1 in adipocytes, whereas the increased Gal-3 and Gal-9 of obesity mostly derived from the stromovascular fraction. Expression of Gal-12 was restricted to adipocytes. There was increased production of Gal-3 and Gal-9, but not Gal-1, in CD11c(-) and CD11c(+) macrophages from VAT of DIO versus lean mice. Expression of Gal-1, -3 and -12 in VAT and SAT of ob/ob mice followed a trend comparable to DIO mice. Rosiglitazone reduced serum Gal-1, but not Gal-3 and modulated expression of Gal-3 in VAT and Gal-9 and Gal-12 in SAT of DIO mice. High-fat feeding lead to increased adiposity in Gal-1 KO versus WT mice, with loss of correlation between leptin and adiposity and no alterations in glucose and insulin levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obesity leads to differential modulation of Gal-1, 3, 9 and 12 in VAT and SAT, with Gal-1 acting as a modulator of adiposity.
authors: Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors: Davina H
authors: DH
authors: Rhodes
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Pini
authors: Karla J
authors: KJ
authors: Castellanos
authors: Trinidad
authors: T
authors: Montero-Melendez
authors: Dianne
authors: D
authors: Cooper
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Perretti
authors: Giamila
authors: G
authors: Fantuzzi
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D037161:Galectins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D037161:Galectins; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin
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