title: Immune responses in mice vaccinated with virus-like particles composed of the GP5 and M proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.
abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) induces reproductive failure in sows and respiratory problems in pigs of all ages. Live attenuated and inactivated vaccines are used on swine farms to control PRRSV. However, their protective efficacy against field strains of PRRSV remains questionable. New vaccines have been developed to improve the efficacy of these traditional vaccines. In this study, virus-like particles (VLPs) composed of the GP5 and M proteins of PRRSV were developed, and the capacity of the VLPs to elicit antigen-specific immunity was evaluated. Serum antibody titers and production of cytokines were measured in BALB/C mice immunized intramuscularly three times with different doses (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 μg) of the VLP vaccine. A commercial vaccine consisting of inactivated PRRSV and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. IgG titers to GP5 were significantly higher in all groups of mice vaccinated with the VLPs than in control mice. Neutralizing antibodies were only detected in mice vaccinated with 2.0 and 4.0 μg of the VLPs. Cytokine levels were determined in cell culture supernatants after in vitro stimulation of splenocytes with the VLPs for 3 days. Mice immunized with 4.0 μg of the VLPs produced a significantly higher amount of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) than mice immunized with the commercial inactivated PRRSV vaccine and PBS. In contrast, immunization with the commercial vaccine induced higher production of IL-4 and IL-10 in mice than mice vaccinated with VLPs. These data together demonstrate the capacity of VLPs to induce both neutralizing antibodies and IFN-γ in immunized mice. The VLP vaccine developed in this study could serve as a platform for the generation of improved VLP vaccines to control PRRSV.
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors: Hae-Mi
authors: HM
authors: Nam
authors: Kyung-Sil
authors: KS
authors: Chae
authors: Young-Jo
authors: YJ
authors: Song
authors: Nak-Hyung
authors: NH
authors: Lee
authors: Joong-Bok
authors: JB
authors: Lee
authors: Seung-Yong
authors: SY
authors: Park
authors: Chang-Seon
authors: CS
authors: Song
authors: Kun-Ho
authors: KH
authors: Seo
authors: Sang-Moo
authors: SM
authors: Kang
authors: Min-Chul
authors: MC
authors: Kim
authors: In-Soo
authors: IS
authors: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000276:immunology*; D058425:Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; C525999:M protein, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; D058425:Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C114789:glycoprotein 5, PRRSV; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma
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