title: Meta-immunological profiling of children with type 1 diabetes identifies new biomarkers to monitor disease progression.
abstract: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells in genetically susceptible individuals. Triggers of islet autoimmunity, time course, and the precise mechanisms responsible for the progressive β-cell failure are not completely understood. The recent escalation of obesity in affluent countries has been suggested to contribute to the increased incidence of type 1 diabetes. Understanding the link between metabolism and immune tolerance could lead to the identification of new markers for the monitoring of disease onset and progression. We studied several immune cell subsets and factors with high metabolic impact as markers associated with disease progression in high-risk subjects and type 1 diabetic patients at onset and at 12 and 24 months after diagnosis. A multiple correlation matrix among different parameters was evaluated statistically and assessed visually on two-dimensional graphs. Markers to predict residual β-cell function up to 1 year after diagnosis were identified in multivariate logistic regression models. The meta-immunological profile changed significantly over time in patients, and a specific signature that was associated with worsening disease was identified. A multivariate logistic regression model measuring age, BMI, fasting C-peptide, number of circulating CD3(+)CD16(+)CD56(+) cells, and the percentage of CD1c(+)CD19(-)CD14(-)CD303(-) type 1 myeloid dendritic cells at disease onset had a significant predictive value. The identification of a specific meta-immunological profile associated with disease status may contribute to our understanding of the basis of diabetes progression.
authors: Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli, Italy.
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Galgani
authors: Rosa
authors: R
authors: Nugnes
authors: Dario
authors: D
authors: Bruzzese
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Perna
authors: Veronica
authors: V
authors: De Rosa
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Procaccini
authors: Enza
authors: E
authors: Mozzillo
authors: Corrado M
authors: CM
authors: Cilio
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Elding Larsson
authors: Ake
authors: A
authors: Lernmark
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: La Cava
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Franzese
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Matarese
mesh_terms: D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015166:Monitoring, Immunologic / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
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