title: A rapid and repeatable method to deposit bioaerosols on material surfaces.
abstract: A simple method for repeatably inoculating surfaces with a precise quantity of aerosolized spores was developed. Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the variability of the method within and between experiments, the spatial distribution of spore deposition, the applicability of the method to complex surface types, and the relationship between material surface roughness and spore recoveries. Surface concentrations, as estimated by recoveries from wetted-wipe sampling, were between 5×10(3) and 1.5×10(4)CFUcm(-2) across the entire area (930cm(2)) inoculated. Between-test variability (Cv) in spore recoveries was 40%, 81%, 66%, and 20% for stainless steel, concrete, wood, and drywall, respectively. Within-test variability was lower, and did not exceed 33%, 47%, 52%, and 20% for these materials. The data demonstrate that this method is repeatable, is effective at depositing spores across a target surface area, and can be used to dose complex materials such as concrete, wood, and drywall. In addition, the data demonstrate that surface sampling recoveries vary by material type, and this variability can partially be explained by the material surface roughness index. This deposition method was developed for use in biological agent detection, sampling, and decontamination studies, however, is potentially beneficial to any scientific discipline that investigates surfaces containing aerosol-borne particles.
authors: US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Homeland Security Research Center, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. calfee.worth@epa.gov
authors: M Worth
authors: MW
authors: Calfee
authors: Sang Don
authors: SD
authors: Lee
authors: Shawn P
authors: SP
authors: Ryan
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols