title: Validation of the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory multiple myeloma module.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The symptom burden associated with multiple myeloma (MM) is often severe. Presently, no instrument comprehensively assesses disease-related and treatment-related symptoms in patients with MM. We sought to validate a module of the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) developed specifically for patients with MM (MDASI-MM).
  
  
  METHODS
  The MDASI-MM was developed with clinician input, cognitive debriefing, and literature review, and administered to 132 patients undergoing induction chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation. We demonstrated the MDASI-MM's reliability (Cronbach α values); criterion validity (item and subscale correlations between the MDASI-MM and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EORTC MM module (QLQ-MY20)), and construct validity (differences between groups by performance status). Ratings from transplant patients were examined to demonstrate the MDASI-MM's sensitivity in detecting the acute worsening of symptoms post-transplantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MDASI-MM demonstrated excellent correlations with subscales of the 2 EORTC instruments, strong ability to distinguish clinically different patient groups, high sensitivity in detecting change in patients' performance status, and high reliability. Cognitive debriefing confirmed that the MDASI-MM encompasses the breadth of symptoms relevant to patients with MM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MDASI-MM is a valid, reliable, comprehensive-yet-concise tool that is recommended as a uniform symptom assessment instrument for patients with MM.
authors: Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1450, 77030, Houston, TX 77030, USA. djones1@mdanderson.org
authors: Desiree
authors: D
authors: Jones
authors: Elisabeth G
authors: EG
authors: Vichaya
authors: Xin Shelley
authors: XS
authors: Wang
authors: Loretta A
authors: LA
authors: Williams
authors: Nina D
authors: ND
authors: Shah
authors: Sheeba K
authors: SK
authors: Thomas
authors: Valen E
authors: VE
authors: Johnson
authors: Richard E
authors: RE
authors: Champlin
authors: Charles S
authors: CS
authors: Cleeland
authors: Tito R
authors: TR
authors: Mendoza
mesh_terms: D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
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