title: Predictors of quit attempts and successful quit attempts in a nationally representative sample of smokers.
abstract: Although most current smokers report that they would like to quit, most quit attempts fail suggesting that predictors of quitting attempts may differ from those of successful attempts. We examined sociodemographic and clinical predictors of quit attempts and successful quit attempts in a nationally representative sample of US adults. Data was collected in 2001-2002 (Wave 1) and 2004-2005 (Wave 2). Almost 40% of individuals who had not previously attempted to quit, tried to quit over the next three years; only 4.6% of those who tried had succeeded at the time of the evaluation. Hispanics, Asians, individuals with high income, and those with college education were less likely to attempt to quit, whereas those with daily nicotine use, younger age at first use and most symptoms of dependence were more likely to do so. Having an educational level below high school and older age at first nicotine use were predictors of successful quitting. Despite relatively high rates of quit attempts, rates of success are extremely low, indicating a gap between the public health need of decreasing tobacco use, and existing means to achieve it. Although there is a need to encourage people to quit tobacco, there may be an equally large need to develop more effective interventions that increase the rate of successful quit attempts.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. raffulc@nyspi.columbia.edu
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Rafful
authors: Olaya
authors: O
authors: García-Rodríguez
authors: Shuai
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Secades-Villa
authors: Jose M
authors: JM
authors: Martínez-Ortega
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Blanco
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D001213:Asian / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000009:adverse effects; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
references: Tob Induc Dis. 2009 Jun 29;5:10
references: 19563642
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Nov 11;60(44):1513-9
references: 22071589
references: Addict Behav. 1989;14(4):409-18
references: 2789466
references: BMJ. 2002 Jul 27;325(7357):188
references: 12142305
references: Addict Behav. 2010 Oct;35(10):900-4
references: 20584571
references: Sao Paulo Med J. 2011 Dec;129(6):380-6
references: 22249793
references: Psychiatr Serv. 2013 May 1;64(5):458-65
references: 23370397
references: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 May 1;115(1-2):120-30
references: 21145178
references: Prev Med. 2004 Apr;38(4):498-502
references: 15020185
references: Addiction. 2011 Mar;106(3):657-69
references: 21077975
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Sep 9;60(35):1207-12
references: 21900875
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007 Jul;64(7):830-42
references: 17606817
references: JAMA. 2011 Mar 16;305(11):1106-12
references: 21406647
references: Am J Public Health. 2004 Feb;94(2):269-78
references: 14759942
references: Mayo Clin Proc. 2009 Aug;84(8):730-5; quiz 735-6
references: 19648390
references: Nicotine Tob Res. 2008 Dec;10(12):1691-715
references: 19023823
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009 Jan 23;58(2):29-33
references: 19165137
references: Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 Oct;12 Suppl:S4-11
references: 20889479
references: Mol Psychiatry. 2009 Nov;14(11):1051-66
references: 18427559
references: Am J Public Health. 2012 Apr;102(4):751-7
references: 22397350
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004 Nov;61(11):1107-15
references: 15520358
references: Addict Behav. 2002 Jul-Aug;27(4):493-507
references: 12188588
references: Addiction. 2004 Jan;99(1):29-38
references: 14678060
references: Addiction. 2012 Mar;107(3):673-82
references: 21992709
references: Am J Prev Med. 1994 Nov-Dec;10(6):327-34
references: 7880551
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004 Apr;61(4):361-8
references: 15066894
references: Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 Jun;12(6):647-57
references: 20439385
references: Addict Behav. 2009 Apr;34(4):365-73
references: 19097706
references: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Apr 22;60(15):472-5
references: 21508923