title: Endovascular management of extra-cranial supra-aortic vascular injuries.
abstract: Supra-aortic vessel injuries are uncommon but can be life-threatening and surgically challenging. Trauma to these vessels may be blunt or penetrating, including iatrogenic trauma following the insertion of central venous lines, which may be preventable. Recent advances in technology have resulted in endovascular therapy becoming a common first-line treatment, and interventional radiologists now play a major role in the management of these vascular injuries. We review the literature on the endovascular management of these types of injuries and describe a spectrum of case-based extra-cranial supra-aortic vascular injuries managed at our institution and the range of imaging appearances, including active contrast extravasation, traumatic vessel occlusion, true aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms, and arteriovenous fistulae.
authors: Leeds and West Yorkshire Radiology Academy, Leeds General Infirmary, B Floor, Clarendon Wing, Great George Street, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS1 3EX, UK, b.almazedi@doctors.org.uk.
authors: Bahir
authors: B
authors: Almazedi
authors: Harpreet
authors: H
authors: Lyall
authors: Priya
authors: P
authors: Bhatnagar
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Kessel
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: McPherson
authors: Jai V
authors: JV
authors: Patel
authors: Sapna
authors: S
authors: Puppala
mesh_terms: D016122:Brachiocephalic Trunk / Q000293:injuries; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D003287:Contrast Media; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D013348:Subclavian Artery / Q000293:injuries; D057772:Vascular System Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000293:injuries
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media