title: Nitric oxide protects endothelium from cadmium mediated leakiness.
abstract: Cadmium targets the vascular endothelium causing endothelial dysfunction and leakiness of endothelial barrier. Nitric oxide plays a major role in mediating endothelial functions including angiogenesis, migration and permeability. The present study investigates the nitric oxide effects on cadmium induced endothelial leakiness. Results of ex vivo and in vitro permeability assays showed that even a sub-lethal dose of cadmium chloride (1 µM) was sufficient to induce leakiness of endothelial cells. Cadmium drastically altered the actin polymerisation pattern and membrane tension of these cells compared to controls. Addition of nitric oxide donor Spermine NONOate (SP) significantly blunted cadmium-mediated effects and recover endothelial cells integrity. Cadmium-induced cytoskeletal rearrangements and membrane leakiness are associated with the low nitric oxide availability and high reactive oxygen species generation. In brief, we show the protective role of nitric oxide against cadmium-mediated endothelial leakiness.
authors: Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, MIT Campus, Chromepet, Chennai 600 044, India.
authors: Shunmugam
authors: S
authors: Nagarajan
authors: Saranya
authors: S
authors: Rajendran
authors: Uttara
authors: U
authors: Saran
authors: M Krishna
authors: MK
authors: Priya
authors: Akila
authors: A
authors: Swaminathan
authors: Jamila H
authors: JH
authors: Siamwala
authors: Swaraj
authors: S
authors: Sinha
authors: Vimal
authors: V
authors: Veeriah
authors: Punam
authors: P
authors: Sonar
authors: Vivek
authors: V
authors: Jadhav
authors: B M
authors: BM
authors: Jaffar Ali
authors: Suvro
authors: S
authors: Chatterjee
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013096:Spermine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002104:Cadmium; C091861:spermine nitric oxide complex; D013096:Spermine; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D006152:Cyclic GMP