title: Hyperlactatemia and concurrent use of antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected patients in Uganda.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We determined the prevalence and factors associated with hyperlactatemia among HIV patients admitted on the emergency ward of a national hospital in Uganda.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We were specifically interested in knowing whether there was an association between clinically significant hyperlactatemia and concurrent antiretroviral therapy (ART) use.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross sectional descriptive study enrolled 303 HIV infected patients at a national referral hospital between March and April 2008. We consecutively recruited all eligible HIV infected patients above 18 years admitted on the emergency ward. Data were collected on socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics. Lactate levels were measured using the Accutrend® portable lactate analyser. Data analysis was performed using Stata 10.0; P-value of < 0.05 was considered to be significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred and three HIV infected patients were recruited. Prevalence of hyperlactatemia (lactate ≥2.5mmol/L) was 252 (83.2%). Clinically significant hyperlactatemia (lactate ≥4mmol/L) was present in 105/303(34.6%) patients. There was no association between use of ART and clinically significant hyperlactatemia. In the multivariate analysis, body weakness 1.91 (1.09-3.35), skin rash 3.18 (1.11-9.10) and tachypnoea 1.04 (1.01-1.07) were independently associated with clinically significant hyperlactatemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a high prevalence of clinically significant hyperlactatemia among HIV infected patients but it was not associated with concurrent antiretroviral use.
authors: Department of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. musa600@gmail.com
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Waiswa
authors: B B
authors: BB
authors: Byarugaba
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Ocama
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Mayanja-Kizza
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Seremba
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ganguli
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Crowther
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Colebunders
mesh_terms: D000140:Acidosis, Lactic / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019344:Lactic Acid
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