title: Comprehensive overview of the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma after a first tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
abstract: We performed a literature search that shed light on the signaling pathways involved in the sorafenib activity as first- or subsequent-line treatment, taking into account its toxicity profile. Sorafenib appears to have better tolerability when compared with other agents in the same indication. Cross-resistance between tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may be limited, even after failure with a previous VEGFR inhibitor, but the optimal sequence with TKIs remains to be determined. Randomized trials of second-line treatment options have showed either modest or no differences in terms of progression-free and overall survival (OS). Direct comparison between sorafenib and axitinib demonstrated differences in terms of PFS in favor of axitinib, but not in terms of OS as second-line treatment. In contrast, a phase III study showed a benefit in OS, favoring sorafenib when compared with temsirolimus. In conclusion, after using other VEGF inhibitor such as sunitinib, sorafenib is active and safe for the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic RCC.
authors: Complexo Hospitalario Arquitecto Marcide, Ferrol, Spain.
authors: F J
authors: FJ
authors: Afonso
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Anido
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Fernández-Calvo
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Vázquez-Estévez
authors: L
authors: L
authors: León
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Lázaro
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ramos
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Antón-Aparicio
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D000077157:Sorafenib; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
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