title: Energy efficiency in nanoscale synthesis using nanosecond plasmas.
abstract: We report a nanoscale synthesis technique using nanosecond-duration plasma discharges. Voltage pulses 12.5 kV in amplitude and 40 ns in duration were applied repetitively at 30 kHz across molybdenum electrodes in open ambient air, generating a nanosecond spark discharge that synthesized well-defined MoO₃ nanoscale architectures (i.e. flakes, dots, walls, porous networks) upon polyamide and copper substrates. No nitrides were formed. The energy cost was as low as 75 eV per atom incorporated into a nanostructure, suggesting a dramatic reduction compared to other techniques using atmospheric pressure plasmas. These findings show that highly efficient synthesis at atmospheric pressure without catalysts or external substrate heating can be achieved in a simple fashion using nanosecond discharges.
authors: Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 2778562, Japan. david.pai@univ-poitiers.fr
authors: David Z
authors: DZ
authors: Pai
authors: Kostya
authors: K
authors: Ken Ostrikov
authors: Shailesh
authors: S
authors: Kumar
authors: Deanna A
authors: DA
authors: Lacoste
authors: Igor
authors: I
authors: Levchenko
authors: Christophe O
authors: CO
authors: Laux
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