title: Mode of action studies of a new desensitizing mouthwash containing 0.8% arginine, PVM/MA copolymer, pyrophosphates, and 0.05% sodium fluoride.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mode of action of an arginine mouthwash using the Pro-Argin™ Mouthwash Technology, containing 0.8% arginine, PVM/MA copolymer, pyrophosphates and 0.05% sodium fluoride, has been proposed and confirmed as occlusion using a variety of in vitro techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative and qualitative laboratory techniques were employed to investigate the mode of action of the new arginine mouthwash. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CSLM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigated a hydrated layer on dentine surface. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) provided information about its chemical nature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CLSM was used to observe the formation of a hydrated layer on exposed dentine tubules upon application of the arginine mouthwash. Fluorescence studies confirmed penetration of the hydrated layer in the inner walls of the dentinal tubules. The AFM investigation confirmed the affinity of the arginine mouthwash for the dentine surface, supporting its adhesive nature. NIR showed the deposition of arginine after several mouthwash applications, and ESCA/SIMS detected the presence of phosphate groups and organic acid groups, indicating the deposition of copolymer and pyrophosphates along with arginine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The studies presented in this paper support occlusion of the dentine surface upon the deposition of an arginine-rich layer together with copolymer and phosphate ions from an alcohol-free mouthwash containing 0.8% arginine, PVM/MA copolymer, pyrophosphates and 0.05% sodium fluoride.
authors: Colgate-Palmolive Technology Center, 909 River Road, Piscataway, NJ, USA. sarita_mello@colpal.com
authors: Sarita V
authors: SV
authors: Mello
authors: Evangelia
authors: E
authors: Arvanitidou
authors: Michael A
authors: MA
authors: Stranick
authors: Ramon
authors: R
authors: Santana
authors: Yasemin
authors: Y
authors: Kutes
authors: Bryan
authors: B
authors: Huey
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057133:Dentin Desensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011756:Diphosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005459:Fluorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008298:Maleates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011095:Polyethylenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D057133:Dentin Desensitizing Agents; D011756:Diphosphates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008298:Maleates; D009067:Mouthwashes; D010710:Phosphates; D011095:Polyethylenes; C585805:pro-argin; C107241:diphosphoric acid; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; C043105:poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride); D001120:Arginine; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D005459:Fluorides