title: The use of pregame hyperhydration with intravenous fluids in National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Bowl Subdivision teams.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of pregame intravenous fluid hyperhydration (PIVFH) usage, administration protocols, indications, complications, and perceived efficacy by National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Bowl Subdivision (NCAA-FBS) teams.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey study.
  
  
  METHODS
  National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Bowl Subdivision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Head athletic trainers from NCAA-FBS institutions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Voluntary, anonymous 15-item validated online survey instrument.
  
  
  METHODS
  Number of teams reporting use of PIVFH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The survey response rate was 64% (77 of 120). Thirty percent of respondents reported the utilization of PIVFH, administered to an average of 2 to 3 players. The most common reasons cited for using PIVFH were to prevent muscle cramps (95%), heat illness (79%), and dehydration (68%). Additionally, 47% of programs used PIVFH to improve player exercise tolerance and 47% per player request. Twenty-four percent of programs that used PIVFH reported the occurrence of associated complications. Only 15% of respondents believed that PIVFH improved their teams' overall performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PIVFH is a common practice among NCAA-FBS teams. PIVFH is used most often to prevent muscle cramps, dehydration, and heat illness. The relatively few numbers of players per team who receive PIVFH suggest that higher risk individuals were targeted for administration.
authors: *Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii; and †Guam Orthopaedic Associates.
authors: Nicole Y
authors: NY
authors: Gesik
authors: Sabrina K G
authors: SK
authors: Tan
authors: Gale T
authors: GT
authors: Prentiss
authors: Sean
authors: S
authors: Fitzsimmons
authors: Andrew W
authors: AW
authors: Nichols
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005538:Football / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult