title: Regulation of permeability across the blood-brain barrier.
abstract: The blood-brain barrier refers to the very low permeability across microvessels in the Central Nervous System (CNS), created by the interaction between vascular endothelial cells and surrounding cells of the neurovascular unit. Permeability can be modulated (increased and decreased) by a variety of factors including inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and through alterations in the phenotype of blood vessels during angiogenesis and apoptosis. In this chapter, some of these factors are discussed as well as the challenge of treating harmful increases in permeability that result in brain swelling (vasogenic cerebral edema).
authors: Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Alexander.Easton@dal.ca
authors: Alexander S
authors: AS
authors: Easton
mesh_terms: D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D051401:Aquaporin 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D002465:Cell Movement; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2; D020521:Stroke / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D042683:Angiopoietin-1; C467629:Angpt1 protein, rat; C496031:Aqp4 protein, mouse; D051401:Aquaporin 4; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2; C079086:Tek protein, mouse; D001920:Bradykinin