title: In vivo visualization of epidermal growth factor receptor and survivin expression in porcine pancreas using endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle imaging with confocal laser-induced endomicroscopy.
abstract: The aims of this pilot study were to establish a principle of molecular imaging of the pancreas and determine in vivo expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) and survivin using a novel endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle imaging (EUS-FNI) technique, which incorporates needle based confocal laser-induced endomicroscopy (nCLE) after intrapancreatic injection of FTIC-labeled antibodies. Studies were performed in anesthetized pigs. FITC-labeled specific antibodies against EGF-R and survivin were injected into the tail and neck of the pancreas using a 19 gauge needle introduced under EUS guidance. Thirty minutes later, nCLE was performed using a prototype needle-based confocal laser-induced endomicroscopy probe (Cellvizio AQ-Flex-19, Mauna Kea Technologies, Paris, France) to determine cellular and tissue localization of EGF-R and survivin in the pancreas. Then pigs were euthanized and specimens of pancreas from areas injected with antibodies were obtained for histologic examination under epifluorescence microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EUS-guided nCLE enabled visualization of EGF-R and survivin in pancreatic tissue. Expression of EGF-R and survivin in pancreas was confirmed by histology. EGF-R immunoreactivity was localized to majority of duct-lining cells and to the surface and cytoplasm of many acinar cells. Survivin was localized mainly to the acinar cells. This study demonstrated the feasibility of in vivo, real time visualization of EGF-R and survivin in the pancreas by local injection of FITC-labeled antibodies via EUS-guided fine needle injection, followed by EUS-guided needle based confocal laser-induced endomicroscopy.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, H.H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Nakai
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Shinoura
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Ahluwalia
authors: A S
authors: AS
authors: Tarnawski
authors: K J
authors: KJ
authors: Chang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D061765:Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration / Q000295:instrumentation; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D007267:Injections; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000295:instrumentation; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009339:Needles; D010179:Pancreas / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors