title: Angiotensin modulates human mammary epithelial cell motility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiotensin II is an effector peptide showing multiple physiological effects, such as regulation of vascular tone, tissue growth and remodelling. Postlactational involution of mammary gland involves changes such as high matrix metalloproteinase activity and release of bioactive fragments of fibronectin and laminin, which may be directly regulated by angiotensin II. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of angiotensin II on proliferation, viability and motility of normal human mammary epithelial cells (184A1 cell line) and to determine the role of angiotensin II receptors in these processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Real-time reverse transcription-PCR, western blot and gelatin zymography were used to study the effect of angiotensin II on the expression of angiotensin receptors and matrix metalloproteinases in 184A1 cells. WST-1, AlamarBlue and BrdU assays were used as indicators of cell viability and proliferation after angiotensin II stimulation. Boyden chamber assays and monolayer wound migration assay were used to evaluate in vitro the changes in cell adhesion, migration and invasion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Angiotensin II increased motility of the 184A1 cells and the ability of wound closure. Modifications in cell-substrate adhesion systems and increased secretion and activity of matrix metalloproteinases were also observed. The effect of angiotensin II was abolished by blocking angiotensin type 1 receptor with specific inhibitors candesartan and losartan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that angiotensin II modulates cell behaviour via AT1-R and stimulates secretion of MMP-2 by human mammary epithelial cells.
authors: Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, Poland agnieszka.piastowska@umed.lodz.pl.
authors: Agnieszka Wanda
authors: AW
authors: Piastowska-Ciesielska
authors: Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
authors: Kamila
authors: K
authors: Domińska
authors: Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
authors: Magdalena
authors: M
authors: Nowakowska
authors: Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Poland.
authors: Małgorzata
authors: M
authors: Gajewska
authors: Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Gajos-Michniewicz
authors: Department of Comparative Endocrinology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
authors: Tomasz
authors: T
authors: Ochędalski
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001940:Breast / Q000166:cytology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D054443:Cell Migration Assays; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005780:Gelatin / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000804:Angiotensin II; D005780:Gelatin
keywords: MMP-2; MMP-9; Mammary gland; angiotensin II; angiotensin type 1 receptor