title: Sinonasal inverted papilloma involving the temporal bone via the eustachian tube: case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study reports a case of a sinonasal inverted papilloma with spread to the temporal bone via the eustachian tube and subsequent transformation to squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 81-year-old woman presented with sinonasal inverted papilloma which subsequently spread to the ear. A literature review of inverted papilloma was carried out based on a Pubmed search of studies published between 1987 and 2011, using the key words 'sinonasal inverted papilloma', 'temporal bone inverted papilloma' and 'squamous cell carcinoma'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sinonasal and temporal bone inverted papillomas may sometimes be linked through direct spread via the eustachian tube. Inverted papillomas have the potential for malignant transformation; careful monitoring of both the nose and ear is therefore required for inverted papillomas found in the nasopharynx.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Colchester General Hospital, UK. zwl20cam@gmail.com
authors: Z W
authors: ZW
authors: Liu
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Walden
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005064:Eustachian Tube / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018308:Papilloma, Inverted / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D012888:Skull Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000473:pathology*