title: Dendritic cells: an important link between antiphospholipid antibodies, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis in autoimmune and non-autoimmune diseases.
abstract: The presence of dendritic cells, antigen-presenting cells that link innate and adaptive immunity, is necessary to generate and maintain the production of antiphospholipid antibodies in response to exposed intracellular phospholipids on the outer surface of apoptotic cells. In turn, antiphospholipid antibodies enhance dendritic cell-induced inflammatory and proatherogenic responses in a number of conditions that are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, including diabetes, chronic kidney disease, periodontal infections, and aging. While altering dendritic cells by modifying the ubiquitin-proteasome system enhances antiphospholipid antibody production and leads to development of accelerated atherosclerosis and autoimmune features, inducing tolerance by dendritic cell manipulation leads to decreased atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Therefore, further translational studies are needed to understand the interplay between dendritic cells and antiphospholipid antibodies, and to develop potential new therapies for antiphospholipid syndrome and atherosclerosis. Here we review current experimental and translational studies that have examined the role of dendritic cells in antiphospholipid antibody formation and in antiphospholipid-associated atherosclerosis and thrombosis.
authors: Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. abroder@montefiore.org
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Broder
authors: Jimmy J
authors: JJ
authors: Chan
authors: Chaim
authors: C
authors: Putterman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000276:immunology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid
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