title: Coxiella burnetii DNA, but not viable bacteria, in dairy products in France.
abstract: Transmission by the oral route of Coxiella burnetii is controversial. Our objective was to evaluate dairy products in the transmission of Q fever. Pasteurized, unpasteurized, and thermized dairy products were tested for C. burnetii by using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction specific for IS1111 and IS30A spacers, culturing in human embryonic lung fibroblasts cells, and inoculation into BALB/c mice. We tested 201 products and C. burnetii was identified in 64%. Cow milk origin products were more frequently positive than goat or ewe products (P = 0.006 and P = 0.0001, respectively), and industrial food was more frequently positive than artisanal food (P < 0.0001). Food made from unpasteurized milk contained higher bacteria concentrations than food made from pasteurized milk (P = 0.02). All cultures were negative and mice did not show signs of illness. Farm animals are highly infected in France but consumption of cheese and yogurt does not seem to pose a public health risk for transmission of Q fever.
authors: Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France. carole.eldin@gmail.com
authors: Carole
authors: C
authors: Eldin
authors: Emmanouil
authors: E
authors: Angelakis
authors: Aurélie
authors: A
authors: Renvoisé
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Raoult
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058491:Bacterial Load; D002417:Cattle / Q000382:microbiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016997:Coxiella burnetii / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000382:microbiology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000382:microbiology; D005516:Food Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D005602:France; D006041:Goats / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D050296:Microbial Viability; D061352:Pasteurization; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011634:Public Health; D011778:Q Fever / Q000635:transmission*; D012756:Sheep / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial
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