title: Short-term trends in heart failure-related hospitalizations in a high-risk state.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine whether there are signs of improvement in the rates of heart failure (HF) hospitalizations given the recent reports of improvement in national trends.
  
  
  METHODS
  HF admissions data from the Tennessee Hospital Discharge Data System were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hospitalization for primary diagnosis of HF (HFPD) in adults (aged 20 years old or older) decreased from 4.5% in 2006 to 4.2% in 2008. Similarly, age-adjusted HF hospitalization (per 10,000 population) declined by 19.1% (from 45.5 in 2006 to 36.8 in 2008). The age-adjusted rates remain higher among blacks than whites and higher among men than women. Notably, the rate ratio of black-to-white men ages 20 to 34 years admitted with HFPD increased from 8.5 in 2006 to 11.1 in 2008; similarly, the adjusted odds ratios for HFPD were 4.75 (95% confidence interval 3.29-6.86) and 5.61 (95% confidence interval 3.70-8.49), respectively. There was, however, a significant improvement in odds ratio for HF rates among young black women, as evidenced by a decrease from 4.60 to 3.97 (aged 20-34 years) and 4.21 to 3.12 (aged 35-44 years) between 2006 and 2008, respectively. Among patients aged 20 to 34 and 35 to 44 years, hypertension was the strongest independent predictor for HF. Diabetes and myocardial infarction emerged as predictors for HF among patients aged 35 years and older.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall rate of HF hospitalization declined during the period surveyed, but the persistent disproportionate involvement of blacks with evidence of worsening among younger black men, requires close attention.
authors: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. u.sampson@vanderbilt.edu
authors: Uchechukwu K A
authors: UK
authors: Sampson
authors: Baqar A
authors: BA
authors: Husaini
authors: Van A
authors: VA
authors: Cain
authors: Zahid
authors: Z
authors: Samad
authors: Eiman C
authors: EC
authors: Jahangir
authors: Robert S
authors: RS
authors: Levine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013714:Tennessee / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
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