title: Phylogenetic and molecular epidemiological studies reveal evidence of multiple past recombination events between infectious laryngotracheitis viruses.
abstract: In contrast to the RNA viruses, the genome of large DNA viruses such as herpesviruses have been considered to be relatively stable. Intra-specific recombination has been proposed as an important, but underestimated, driving force in herpesvirus evolution. Recently, two distinct field strains of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) have been shown to have arisen from independent recombination events between different commercial ILTV vaccines. In this study we sequenced the genomes of additional ILTV strains and also utilized other recently updated complete genome sequences of ILTV to confirm the existence of a number of ILTV recombinants in nature. Multiple recombination events were detected in the unique long and repeat regions of the genome, but not in the unique short region. Most recombinants contained a pair of crossover points between two distinct lineages of ILTV, corresponding to the European origin and the Australian origin vaccine strains of ILTV. These results suggest that there are two distinct genotypic lineages of ILTV and that these commonly recombine in the field.
authors: Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. leesw@unimelb.edu.au
authors: Sang-Won
authors: SW
authors: Lee
authors: Joanne M
authors: JM
authors: Devlin
authors: John F
authors: JF
authors: Markham
authors: Amir H
authors: AH
authors: Noormohammadi
authors: Glenn F
authors: GF
authors: Browning
authors: Nino P
authors: NP
authors: Ficorilli
authors: Carol A
authors: CA
authors: Hartley
authors: Philip F
authors: PF
authors: Markham
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia; D001483:Base Sequence; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D001352:Herpesvirus 1, Gallid / Q000235:genetics*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011995:Recombination, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017385:Sequence Homology; D013045:Species Specificity
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