title: Involvement of reactive oxygen species and TATA box-binding protein-related factor 2 in testicular torsion/detorsion-induced injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether overproduction of reactive oxygen species after testicular torsion-detorsion injures testicular spermatogenesis by regulating expression of TATA box-binding protein-related factor 2 (TRF2), which is an essential transcription factor for spermatogenesis. Testicular torsion-detorsion causes overproduction of reactive oxygen species, which contributes to testicular injury and regulates many genes whose expression affects cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 60 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups of 20 rats each. The control group underwent a sham operation of the left testicle. The torsion-detorsion group received 1 hour of left testicular torsion. The scavenging reactive oxygen species group underwent the same surgical operation as the torsion-detorsion group, but superoxide dismutase and catalase, 2 well-known reactive oxygen species scavengers, were given intravenously at detorsion. The testicles were harvested 4 hours or 3 months after detorsion to measure the malondialdehyde level (a marker of reactive oxygen species), TRF2 expression, and spermatogenesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unilateral testicular torsion-detorsion significantly increased the malondialdehyde level and reduced TRF2 expression and spermatogenesis in ipsilateral testicles, suggesting that overgeneration of reactive oxygen species after testicular torsion-detorsion might downregulate TRF2 expression, leading to spermatogenic damage. In contrast, administration of superoxide dismutase and catalase significantly decreased the malondialdehyde level and increased TRF2 expression and spermatogenesis in ipsilateral testicles. These results supported the above suggestion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings have indicated that overproduction of reactive oxygen species after testicular torsion-detorsion can damage testicular spermatogenesis by downregulation of TRF2 expression.
authors: Department of Surgery, Zhejiang Medical College, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China. wsm1971@hotmail.com
authors: Si-Ming
authors: SM
authors: Wei
authors: Zhi-Zhong
authors: ZZ
authors: Yan
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000494:pharmacology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology; D035182:TATA Box Binding Protein-Like Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D035182:TATA Box Binding Protein-Like Proteins; C579806:TATA box-binding protein-related factor 2, rat; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase