title: Blood pressure measured in the clinic and at home during pregnancy among nulliparous and multiparous women: the BOSHI study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypertension during pregnancy can cause serious problems during delivery, such as stroke, premature delivery, or low birthweight. Nulliparity is believed to be a risk factor for hypertension during pregnancy. However, the relationship between parity and blood pressure determined at home during pregnancy is still unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed the incidence of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia in 575 nulliparous and multiparous women. Also, we examined blood pressure measured in the clinic and at home among 530 normotensive pregnant women who received antenatal care at a maternity hospital in Japan. Clinic blood pressures (CBPs) were obtained by duplicate measurement at each antenatal care visit. The participants were also required to measure their own blood pressures every morning at home while they were pregnant. A linear mixed model was used for analysis of the blood pressure course throughout pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 315 nulliparous and 215 multiparous women were entered into this study (mean age, 30.1 ± 4.6 years and 33.0 ± 4.1 years, respectively). CBP levels during pregnancy among nulliparous women were significantly higher than among multiparous women (P = 0.02/P <0.0001 for systolic/diastolic blood pressure), whereas there were no significant differences in home blood pressure (HBP) levels during pregnancy between the two groups (P = 0.4/P = 0.2 for systolic/diastolic blood pressure).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HBP levels during pregnancy were shown not to differ between nulliparous and multiparous women, while CBP levels during pregnancy were higher among nulliparous than among multiparous women.
authors: Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Mami
authors: M
authors: Ishikuro
authors: Taku
authors: T
authors: Obara
authors: Hirohito
authors: H
authors: Metoki
authors: Takayoshi
authors: T
authors: Ohkubo
authors: Mami
authors: M
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Konomi
authors: K
authors: Akutsu
authors: Kasumi
authors: K
authors: Sakurai
authors: Noriyuki
authors: N
authors: Iwama
authors: Mikiko
authors: M
authors: Katagiri
authors: Katsuyo
authors: K
authors: Yagihashi
authors: Nobuo
authors: N
authors: Yaegashi
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Mori
authors: Masakuni
authors: M
authors: Suzuki
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Kuriyama
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Imai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D010298:Parity; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000502:physiology*; D059466:White Coat Hypertension / Q000209:etiology