title: Therapeutic effects of water soluble danshen extracts on atherosclerosis.
abstract: Danshen is a traditional Chinese medicine with many beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanisms responsible for the antiatherogenic effect of water soluble Danshen extracts (DEs). Rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with DE. To evaluate the effects of DE in vivo, carotid balloon injury and tail vein thrombosis were induced in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and iliac artery stent was induced in New Zealand white rabbits. The inhibitory action of DE on platelet aggregation was confirmed with an impedance aggregometer. DE inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species, and the migration and proliferation of platelet-derived growth factor-BB stimulated VSMCs. Furthermore, DE prevented inflammation and apoptosis in HUVECs. Both effects of DE were reconfirmed in both rat models. DE treatment attenuated platelet aggregation in both in vivo and ex vivo conditions. Pretreatment with DE prevented tail vein thrombosis, which is normally induced by κ-carrageenan injection. Lastly, DE-treated rabbits showed decreased in-stent restenosis of stented iliac arteries. These results suggest that water soluble DE modulates key atherogenic events in VSMCs, endothelial cells, and platelets in both in vitro and in vivo conditions.
authors: Severance Hospital Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral & Cardiovascular Diseases, Severance Hospital, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yoon Hee
authors: YH
authors: Cho
authors: Cheol Ryong
authors: CR
authors: Ku
authors: Zhen-Yu
authors: ZY
authors: Hong
authors: Ji Hoe
authors: JH
authors: Heo
authors: Eun Hee
authors: EH
authors: Kim
authors: Dong Hoon
authors: DH
authors: Choi
authors: Dongkyu
authors: D
authors: Kim
authors: Ae-Jung
authors: AJ
authors: Kim
authors: Cheol Soon
authors: CS
authors: Lee
authors: Mankil
authors: M
authors: Jung
authors: Hyun Chul
authors: HC
authors: Lee
authors: Miran
authors: M
authors: Seo
authors: Eun Jig
authors: EJ
authors: Lee
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