title: Changes in alcohol-related brain networks across the first year of college: a prospective pilot study using fMRI effective connectivity mapping.
abstract: The upsurge in alcohol use that often occurs during the first year of college has been convincingly linked to a number of negative psychosocial consequences and may negatively affect brain development. In this longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) pilot study, we examined changes in neural responses to alcohol cues across the first year of college in a normative sample of late adolescents. Participants (N=11) were scanned three times across their first year of college (summer, first semester, second semester), while completing a go/no-go task in which images of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages were the response cues. A state-of-the-art effective connectivity mapping technique was used to capture spatiotemporal relations among brain regions of interest (ROIs) at the level of the group and the individual. Effective connections among ROIs implicated in cognitive control were greatest at the second assessment (when negative consequences of alcohol use increased), and effective connections among ROIs implicated in emotion processing were lower (and response times were slower) when participants were instructed to respond to alcohol cues compared to non-alcohol cues. These preliminary findings demonstrate the value of a prospective effective connectivity approach for understanding adolescent changes in alcohol-related neural processes.
authors: Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. axb1017@psu.edu
authors: Adriene M
authors: AM
authors: Beltz
authors: Kathleen M
authors: KM
authors: Gates
authors: Anna S
authors: AS
authors: Engels
authors: Peter C M
authors: PC
authors: Molenaar
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Pulido
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Turrisi
authors: Sheri A
authors: SA
authors: Berenbaum
authors: Rick O
authors: RO
authors: Gilmore
authors: Stephen J
authors: SJ
authors: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages; D000679:Amygdala / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013334:Students; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
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