title: The atypical dopamine transport inhibitor, JHW 007, prevents amphetamine-induced sensitization and synaptic reorganization within the nucleus accumbens.
abstract: Benztropine (BZT) analogs, a family of agents with high affinity for the dopamine transporter have been postulated as potential treatments in stimulant abuse due to their ability to attenuate a wide range of effects evoked by psychomotor stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine (AMPH). Repeating administration of drugs, including stimulants, can result in behavioral sensitization, a progressive increase in their psychomotor activating effects. We examined in mice the sensitizing effects and the neuroplasticity changes elicited by chronic AMPH exposure, and the modulation of these effects by the BZT derivative and atypical dopamine uptake inhibitor, JHW007, a candidate medication for stimulant abuse. The results indicated that JHW007 did not produce sensitized locomotor activity when given alone but prevented the sensitized motor behavior induced by chronic AMPH administration. Morphological analysis of medium spiny neurons of the nucleus accumbens revealed that JHW 007 prevented the neuroadaptations induced by chronic AMPH exposure, including increments in dendritic arborization, lengthening of dendritic processes and increases in spine density. Furthermore, data revealed that AMPH produced an increase in the density of asymmetric, possibly glutamatergic synapses in the nucleus accumbens, an effect that was also blocked by JHW007 pretreatment. The present observations demonstrate that JHW007 is able to prevent not only AMPH-induced behavioral sensitization but also the long-term structural changes induced by chronic AMPH in the nucleus accumbens. Such findings support the development and evaluation of BZT derivatives as possible leads for treatment in stimulant addiction.
authors: Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors: Clara
authors: C
authors: Velázquez-Sánchez
authors: José M
authors: JM
authors: García-Verdugo
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Murga
authors: Juan J
authors: JJ
authors: Canales
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001590:Benztropine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016622:Silver Staining
chemical_list: D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; C504726:N-(n-butyl)-(bis-fluorophenyl)methoxytropane; D001590:Benztropine; D000661:Amphetamine