title: A consideration of genetic mechanisms behind the development of hypertension in blacks.
abstract: Hypertension is a more serious disease in blacks. The determinants of the blood pressure (BP) may be uniquely different from those in whites. The characteristic low-renin, salt-sensitive hypertension of blacks is consistent with the kidney reabsorbing additional sodium (Na), which leads to an expanded plasma volume that drives the BP. Mechanisms considered are genetically based. These include: (1) the intra-renal renin-angiotensin system (RAS), one based on molecular variations in angiotensinogen; (2) the Na, K, 2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) and its regulators in the thick ascending limb, which are associated with a variety of phenotypes consistent with a more active cotransporter in blacks; and (3) the genes for MYH9 and APOL 1, which have been associated with kidney disease in blacks. To achieve a state of hypertension, an increase in Na uptake in proximal nephron regions may require a distal nephron that does not fully adjust due to less than adequate suppression of aldosterone production.
authors: Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors: Wanzhu
authors: W
authors: Tu
authors: J Howard
authors: JH
authors: Pratt
mesh_terms: D000075944:Apolipoprotein L1; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000235:genetics; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics; D028021:Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters / Q000235:genetics; D064466:Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 1
chemical_list: C108666:APOL1 protein, human; D000075944:Apolipoprotein L1; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; C103814:MYH9 protein, human; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins; C578714:SLC12A1 protein, human; D028021:Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters; D064466:Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 1; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains
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