title: Use of robotic technology in cam femoroacetabular impingement corrective surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cam type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is an anatomical disorder that can lead to osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip joint. With existing surgical options there is invariably a tendency for under-resection or over-resection of the cam lesion, both having dire consequences. This study assessed the application of robotic technology in the surgical management of cam FAI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three different dry-bone femur models (14 in each) with severe cam deformity underwent corrective surgery using a haptic robot with active constraints. The 'post surgery', models were CT scanned and 3-D alpha angles and head/neck ratios (HNRs) were compared with pre-operative plans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all models, the robotic resection resulted in a measured reduction of the maximum alpha angle to an angle indicative of no clinical impingement (first model 91° vs 49° ± 3°, second 91° vs 55° ± 5°, and third 87° vs 47° ± 2° P < 0.001). Similarly, the HNRs for all models reduced substantially following resection surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This dry bone study validates the use of robotic technology to perform cam FAI corrective surgery. A more accurate bony resection may minimize complications due to over- and under-resection.
authors: MSK lab, Imperial College London, Department of Orthopaedics, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK. m.masjedi@imperial.ac.uk
authors: Milad
authors: M
authors: Masjedi
authors: Wei Liang
authors: WL
authors: Tan
authors: Sunnar
authors: S
authors: Jaskaranjit
authors: Adeel
authors: A
authors: Aqil
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: Harris
authors: Justin
authors: J
authors: Cobb
mesh_terms: D057925:Femoracetabular Impingement / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012371:Robotics / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*