title: Effect of citrus lemon oil on growth and adherence of Streptococcus mutans.
abstract: In order to exploit novel anticaries agents, we investigated the effects of citrus lemon oil (CLO), a type of natural product, on growth and adherence of the primary oral cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). The growth inhibitory effect was explored with a micro-dilution assay. Adherence was analyzed by colony counts on the respective surfaces and the adherence inhibition rate (AIR). Real time-PCR was used to investigate the effects of CLO on transcription of glucosyltransferase (Gtf) encoding genes, gtfB, C and D. Neson-Somogyi method was used to measure the effects of CLO on Gtf activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of CLO against S. mutans was 4.5 mg/ml. The CLO effectively reduced the adherence of S. mutans on glass surface (the AIR were from 98.3 to 100 %, P > 0.05) and saliva-coated enamel surface (the AIR were from 54.8 to 79.2 %, P < 0.05). CLO effectively reduced the activity of Gtf and the transcription of gtfs in a dose dependent manner (P < 0.05). In conclusion, CLO can effectively inhibit the growth and the adherence to glass and saliva-coated enamel surfaces of S. mutans. It can also inhibit the transcription of gtfs, as well as the Gtf enzyme activity.
authors: Tianjin Medical University Stomatological Hospital, No. 12, Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Xiangyu
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Yuzhi
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Feifei
authors: F
authors: Chen
authors: Zhifen
authors: Z
authors: Yu
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Shuanglu
authors: S
authors: Chen
authors: Maoding
authors: M
authors: Guo
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010938:Plant Oils; C501365:lemon oil
references: Chem Biol Interact. 2011 Jan 15;189(1-2):82-9
references: 20934418
references: Caries Res. 2010;44(2):116-26
references: 20234135
references: Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2008 Dec;23(6):459-65
references: 18954351
references: J Dent Res. 1975 Jul-Aug;54(4):716-22
references: 1057555
references: Arch Oral Biol. 2005 Jul;50(7):645-51
references: 15892950
references: Eur J Oral Sci. 2004 Jun;112(3):249-52
references: 15154923
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 29;99(22):14434-9
references: 12397186
references: Fitoterapia. 2004 Sep;75(6):566-72
references: 15351110
references: J Clin Periodontol. 2006 Feb;33(2):92-101
references: 16441731
references: Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2008;21(2):127-33
references: 19177848
references: J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Mar 23;53(6):2009-14
references: 15769128
references: Caries Res. 1991;25(5):347-51
references: 1836157
references: J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Jan 4;96(1-2):227-32
references: 15588675
references: Phytomedicine. 2003;10(6-7):483-9
references: 13678231
references: Arch Oral Biol. 2007 Sep;52(9):869-75
references: 17382894
references: Caries Res. 2011;45(3):243-63
references: 21576957
references: Microbes Infect. 2000 Nov;2(13):1599-607
references: 11113379
references: J Ethnopharmacol. 2004 Jan;90(1):99-103
references: 14698516
references: J Nutr. 2005 Apr;135(4):870-7
references: 15795449
references: J Ethnopharmacol. 2004 Jun;92(2-3):281-9
references: 15138013
references: J Periodontol. 2006 Jun;77(6):963-8
references: 16734569
references: Caries Res. 2006;40(3):265-70
references: 16707877
references: J Dent. 2008 Dec;36(12):999-1004
references: 18829148
references: J Oral Sci. 1998 Sep;40(3):115-7
references: 9838746
references: Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 Apr;26(4):527-31
references: 12673037
references: Phytother Res. 2003 Nov;17(9):1101-3
references: 14595596
references: Caries Res. 2011;45(1):69-86
references: 21346355
references: J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Jul 25;112(3):419-25
references: 17543483
references: J Am Dent Assoc. 2008 Nov;139(11):1457-68
references: 18978383