title: All-trans retinoic acid-incorporated nanoparticles of deoxycholic acid-conjugated dextran for treatment of CT26 colorectal carcinoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  All-trans retinoic acid (RA)-incorporated nanoparticles were prepared using deoxycholic acid-conjugated dextran (DexDA). Anticancer activity of RA-incorporated DexDA nanoparticles were tested in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  RA-incorporated nanoparticles were prepared by dialysis. Antiproliferative and anti-invasive potential of RA-incorporated nanoparticles were studied using CT26 colorectal carcinoma cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RA-incorporated nanoparticles have small particle sizes of around 70-300 nm and spherical shapes. The higher drug-feeding ratio and higher substitution degree of deoxycholic acid in the conjugates resulted in higher drug contents, lower loading efficiency, and larger particle size. RA release rate became slower at higher drug contents and higher substitution degree of deoxycholic acid in the DexDA conjugates. The antiproliferation activity, anti-invasive activity, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression of RA-incorporated nanoparticles against CT26 cells in vitro was similar to RA. However, RA-incorporated nanoparticles had superior antimetastatic activity in an animal pulmonary metastatic model of CT26 cells compared to RA itself.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RA-incorporated nanoparticles showed similar anticancer activity in vitro and superior antimetastatic activity in vivo in a pulmonary metastatic model of CT26 cells. We suggest that RA-incorporated nanoparticles are promising vehicles for efficient delivery of RA.
authors: Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea.
authors: Young Il
authors: YI
authors: Jeong
authors: Kyu Don
authors: KD
authors: Chung
authors: Da Hye
authors: DH
authors: Kim
authors: Yoon Hyuk
authors: YH
authors: Kim
authors: Yeon Soo
authors: YS
authors: Lee
authors: Ki Choon
authors: KC
authors: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D003911:Dextrans / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003911:Dextrans; D011108:Polymers; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid; D014212:Tretinoin
keywords: cancer cell invasion; deoxycholic acid; dextran; nanoparticle; retinoic acid
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