title: Distinct regulation of plasma LDL cholesterol by eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in high fat diet-fed hamsters: participation of cholesterol ester transfer protein and LDL receptor.
abstract: Despite established anti-atherogenic action, previous reports have shown that fish oils or n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) increase plasma LDL-C in animals and humans. However, which component of n-3 PUFAs and what mechanisms contribute to this increase are unclear. We investigated the effects of the major components of n-3 PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on plasma LDL-C in high fat diet-fed hamsters. While LDL-C increased significantly with n-3 PUFA oil and DHA, EPA had no effect on LDL-C. Interestingly, a positive correlation was found between plasma cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) activity and LDL-C. Only DHA increased plasma CETP activity and significantly decreased LDL receptor expression in the liver. Our data suggest that DHA, not EPA, is a major factor in the LDL-C increasing effect of n-3 PUFA oil. These differential effects on LDL-C may arise from differences in plasma CETP activity and LDL receptor expression.
authors: Development Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 722 Jimba-aza-Uenohara, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan.
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Ishida
authors: Masahiko
authors: M
authors: Ohta
authors: Masanori
authors: M
authors: Nakakuki
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Kami
authors: Ryota
authors: R
authors: Uchiyama
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Kawano
authors: Tatsuto
authors: T
authors: Notsu
authors: Kazunori
authors: K
authors: Imada
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Shimano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D006224:Cricetinae; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid