title: Predictors and adverse outcomes of inadequate or excessive gestational weight gain in an Asian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess maternal characteristics as predictors of inadequate or excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and to characterize maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with inadequate or excessive GWG in Asian women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A study was conducted among 1166 Chinese, Malay, and Indian women who delivered a live singleton infant at KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors and maternal and neonatal outcomes of inadequate or excessive GWG, relative to adequate (recommended) GWG.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While maternal age less than 20 years, Malay ethnicity and underweight pre-pregnancy body mass index increased the risk of inadequate GWG, overweight pre-pregnancy body mass index decreased this risk. Tall stature and Malay ethnicity were associated with an increased risk of excessive GWG, while maternal age greater than 30 years was associated with a decreased risk. Inadequate GWG increased the risk of preterm birth and decreased the risk of delivery by cesarean section and postpartum weight retention at 6 months. Excessive GWG increased the risk of delivery by cesarean section, postpartum weight retention at 6, 12 and 24 months and having a high-birthweight baby.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal predictors and perinatal outcomes of GWG among Asian women are similar to those identified previously among Caucasian, African-American and Hispanic women.
authors: Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
authors: Huishan
authors: H
authors: Koh
authors: Tat Xin
authors: TX
authors: Ee
authors: Rahul
authors: R
authors: Malhotra
authors: John Carson
authors: JC
authors: Allen
authors: Thiam Chye
authors: TC
authors: Tan
authors: Truls
authors: T
authors: Østbye
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012846:Singapore; D013851:Thinness / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015430:Weight Gain; D055815:Young Adult