title: Effects of stereotype threat, perceived discrimination, and examiner race on neuropsychological performance: simple as black and white?
abstract: The purpose of the current study was to examine the predictive roles of stereotype threat and perceived discrimination and the mediating role of examiner-examinee racial discordance on neuropsychological performance in a non-clinical sample of African American and Caucasian individuals. Ninety-two African American (n = 45) and Caucasian (n = 47) adults were randomly assigned to either a stereotype threat or non-threat condition. Within each condition, participants were randomly assigned to either a same race or different race examiner. All participants underwent neuropsychological testing and completed a measure of perceived discrimination. African Americans in the stereotype threat condition performed significantly worse on global NP (Mz = -.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.07, -0.67] than African Americans in the non-threat condition (Mz = 0.09, CI [0.15, 0.33]. African Americans who reported high levels of perceived discrimination performed significantly worse on memory tests when tested by an examiner of a different race, Mz = -1.19, 95% CI [-1.78, -.54], than African Americans who were tested by an examiner of the same race, Mz = 0.24, 95% CI [-0.24, 0.72]. The current study underscores the importance of considering the role of contextual variables in neuropsychological performance, as these variables may obscure the validity of results among certain racial/ethnic groups.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. athames@mednet.ucla.edu
authors: April D
authors: AD
authors: Thames
authors: Charles H
authors: CH
authors: Hinkin
authors: Desiree A
authors: DA
authors: Byrd
authors: Robert M
authors: RM
authors: Bilder
authors: Kimberley J
authors: KJ
authors: Duff
authors: Monica Rivera
authors: MR
authors: Mindt
authors: Alyssa
authors: A
authors: Arentoft
authors: Vanessa
authors: V
authors: Streiff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011287:Prejudice / Q000523:psychology*; D012938:Social Perception; D013240:Stereotyping; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
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