title: Low-density solvent-based vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction and its application.
abstract: For the first time, the low-density solvent-based vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction, followed by GC-flame photometric detection has been developed for the determination of eight organophosphorus pesticides in aqueous samples. A small volume of organic extraction solvent (toluene) was dispersed into the aqueous samples by the assistance of surfactant and vortex agitator. The extraction was performed in a special disposable polyethylene pipette, allowing using the reagents with lower density than water as extraction solvents. The influence parameters were systemically investigated and optimized: toluene (30 μL) and Triton X-100 (0.2 mmol/L) were used as the extraction solvent and the surfactant, respectively, and the extraction was performed for 1 min under room temperature without adding sodium chloride. Under the optimum conditions, the validation parameters such as the RSD (n = 6; 2.1-11.3%), LOD (0.005 and 0.05 μg/L), and linear range (0.1-50.0 μg/L with correlation coefficients (0.9958-0.9992) showed the method was satisfying. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of the organophosphorus pesticides in real samples with recoveries between 82.8 and 100.2%.
authors: Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors: Zhong-Hua
authors: ZH
authors: Yang
authors: Dong-Hui
authors: DH
authors: Liu
authors: Wen-ting
authors: WT
authors: Zhao
authors: Tong
authors: T
authors: Wu
authors: Zhi-Qiang
authors: ZQ
authors: Zhou
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry; D057230:Limit of Detection; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D010575:Pesticides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical