title: Luminal bacteria recruit CD103+ dendritic cells into the intestinal epithelium to sample bacterial antigens for presentation.
abstract: CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) carry bacteria from the small intestine and can present antigens to T cells. Yet they have not been recorded sampling luminal bacteria or presenting bacterial antigens in mesentery lymph nodes. We used 2-photon microscopy in live Cx3cr1(+/gfp) ×Cd11c-YFP mice to study these processes. At steady state, sparse CD103+ DCs occupied the epithelium. They patrolled among enterocytes while extending dendrites toward the lumen, likely using tight-junction proteins to penetrate the epithelium. Challenge with Salmonella triggered chemokine- and toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent recruitment of additional DCs from the lamina propria (LP). The DCs efficiently phagocytosed the bacteria using intraepithelial dendrites. Noninvasive bacteria were similarly sampled. In contrast, CD103+ DCs sampled soluble luminal antigen inefficiently. In mice harboring CD103+ DCs, antigen-specific CD8 T cells were subsequently activated in MLNs. Intestinal CD103+ DCs are therefore equipped with unique mechanisms to independently complete the processes of uptake, transportation, and presentation of bacterial antigens.
authors: Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Farache
authors: Idan
authors: I
authors: Koren
authors: Idan
authors: I
authors: Milo
authors: Irina
authors: I
authors: Gurevich
authors: Ki-Wook
authors: KW
authors: Kim
authors: Ehud
authors: E
authors: Zigmond
authors: Glaucia C
authors: GC
authors: Furtado
authors: Sergio A
authors: SA
authors: Lira
authors: Guy
authors: G
authors: Shakhar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D039001:Integrin alpha Chains / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D015703:Antigens, CD; D039521:CD11c Antigen; D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; C471885:Cx3cr1 protein, mouse; D039001:Integrin alpha Chains; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; C091367:alpha E integrins
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