title: Pulmonary manifestations of human herpesvirus-8 during HIV infection.
abstract: Human herpesvirus (HHV)-8 is an oncogenic gamma herpesvirus that was first described in 1994 in Kaposi sarcoma lesions. HHV-8 is involved in the pathophysiological features of multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), both rare B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases. HHV-8-related tumours occur almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients, mostly those with HIV infection. Combined antiretroviral therapies have reduced the incidence of Kaposi sarcoma but not MCD and PEL. HHV-8-related diseases frequently exhibit pulmonary involvement, which may indicate the disease. Kaposi sarcoma in the lung is often asymptomatic but may require specific therapy. It mostly shows cutaneous or mucosal involvement. Patients with typical MCD present fever and lymphadenopathy associated with interstitial lung disease without opportunistic infection. Specific treatment may be urgent. PEL provokes a febrile, lymphocytic-exudative pleural effusion, without a pleural mass on computed tomography scan. Rapid diagnosis prevents unnecessary examinations and leads to specific, rapid treatment. Therapy is complex, combining antiretroviral therapy and chemotherapy.
authors: Centre de Compétence Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris.
authors: Raphael
authors: R
authors: Borie
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: Cadranel
authors: Amélie
authors: A
authors: Guihot
authors: Anne Geneviève
authors: AG
authors: Marcelin
authors: Lionel
authors: L
authors: Galicier
authors: Louis-Jean
authors: LJ
authors: Couderc
mesh_terms: D005871:Castleman Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology*; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology*; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000821:virology*; D054685:Lymphoma, Primary Effusion / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed