title: A 10-year analysis of the "Amsterdam" protocol in the treatment of zygomatic complex fractures.
abstract: Despite many publications on the epidemiology, incidence and aetiology of zygomatic complex (ZC) fractures there is still a lack of information about a consensus in its treatment. The aim of the present study is to investigate retrospectively the Amsterdam protocol for surgical treatment of ZC fractures. The 10 years results and complications are presented. The study population consisted of 236 patients (170 males, 66 females, 210 ZC fractures, 26 solitary zygomatic arch fractures) with a mean age of 39.3 (SD: ±15.6) years (range 4-87 years). The mean cause of injury was traffic accident followed by violence and fall. A total of 225 plates and 943 screws were used. Twenty-eight patients presented with complications, including wound infection (9 patients) and transient paralysis of the facial nerve (one patient). Seven patients (2.8%) needed surgical retreatment of whom four patients needed secondary orbital floor reconstruction as these patients developed enophthalmos and diplopia. In conclusion this report provides important data for reaching a consensus for the treatment of these types of fractures.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology (Head: Tymour Forouzanfar), VU University Medical Center, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: t.forouzanfar@vumc.nl.
authors: Tymour
authors: T
authors: Forouzanfar
authors: Erik
authors: E
authors: Salentijn
authors: Gina
authors: G
authors: Peng
authors: Bart
authors: B
authors: van den Bergh
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001860:Bone Plates / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001863:Bone Screws / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Consensus; Maxillofacial trauma; Protocol; Zygomatic complex fractures