title: CD4+ T cell persistence and function after infection are maintained by low-level peptide:MHC class II presentation.
abstract: CD4(+) memory-phenotype T cells decline over time when generated in response to acute infections cleared by other components of the immune system. Therefore, it was of interest to assess the stability of CD4(+) T cells during a persistent Salmonella infection, which is typical of persistent phagocytic infections that are controlled by this lymphocyte subset. We found that CD4(+) T cells specific for Salmonella peptide:MHC class II (MHCII) ligands were numerically stable for >1 y after initial oral infection. This stability was associated with peptide:MHCII-driven proliferation by a small number of T cells in the secondary lymphoid organs that harbored bacteria. The persistent population consisted of multifunctional Th1 cells that induced PD-1 and became exhausted when transferred to hosts expressing the specific peptide:MHCII ligand in all parts of the body. Thus, persistent infection of phagocytes produced a CD4(+) T cell population that was stably maintained by low-level peptide:MHCII presentation.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors: Ryan W
authors: RW
authors: Nelson
authors: James B
authors: JB
authors: McLachlan
authors: Jonathan R
authors: JR
authors: Kurtz
authors: Marc K
authors: MK
authors: Jenkins
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D057507:Mice, 129 Strain; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; C474482:I-A(b) antigen, mouse; D010446:Peptide Fragments
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