title: Effects of vitamin D(2) supplementation on insulin sensitivity and metabolic parameters in metabolic syndrome patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to many of the characteristics of metabolic syndrome, but whether supplementation with vitamin D2 would improve insulin sensitivity or metabolic risk factors is not known.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate effects of vitamin D2 supplementation on insulin sensitivity and metabolic parameters in metabolic syndrome patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 8-week, prospective randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel trial was conducted in patients with metabolic syndrome. Ninety patients were equally randomized to receive vitamin D2 40,000 IU per week, vitamin D2 20,000 IU per week, or placebo. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At week 8, serum 25(OH)D concentrations were increased significantly in both vitamin D2 groups (i.e., 20,000 IU and 40,000 IU) when compared with placebo group (11.72 ng/ml vs 2.80 ng/ml; p<0.001 and 15.74 ng/ml vs 2.80 ng/ml; p<0.001, respectively). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations in both vitamin D2 treatment groups were also significantly different (p=0.04). Insulin sensitivity assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at week 8 in the three groups was not significantly different (p=0.36).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin D2 20,000 IU per week and 40,000 IU per week given for 8 weeks, were able to increase serum 25(OH)D concentrations significantly more than placebo group. However, HOMA-IR was not significantly different in the three groups. Our results do not support a positive effect of vitamin D2 on metabolic risk factors.
authors: Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, USA.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Wongwiwatthananukit
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Sansanayudh
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Phetkrajaysang
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Krittiyanunt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004872:Ergocalciferols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D010919:Placebos; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004872:Ergocalciferols; D010919:Placebos; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
references: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Apr;86(4):1633-7
references: 11297596
references: Endocrine. 2013 Jun;43(3):618-25
references: 23015273
references: Endocr J. 2000 Aug;47(4):383-91
references: 11075718
references: Circulation. 2009 Oct 20;120(16):1640-5
references: 19805654
references: Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 May;89(5):1321-7
references: 19321573
references: N Engl J Med. 2007 Jul 19;357(3):266-81
references: 17634462
references: Drugs Aging. 2004;21(1):7-17
references: 14715041
references: Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Sep;63(9):1150-3
references: 19352377
references: Br J Nutr. 2010 Feb;103(4):549-55
references: 19781131
references: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Aug;93(8):3015-20
references: 18492750
references: Circulation. 2005 Oct 25;112(17):2735-52
references: 16157765
references: Diabetes Care. 2005 May;28(5):1228-30
references: 15855599
references: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2010 Sep;73(3):330-8
references: 20184597
references: Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 May;79(5):820-5
references: 15113720
references: J Clin Invest. 2002 Jul;110(2):229-38
references: 12122115
references: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jul;96(7):1911-30
references: 21646368
references: Eur J Endocrinol. 2008 Jul;159(1):41-8
references: 18426812
references: Endocrine. 2010 Oct;38(2):235-42
references: 21046484
references: J Intern Med. 2010 May;267(5):462-72
references: 20141565
references: Eur J Nutr. 2009 Sep;48(6):349-54
references: 19370371
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Jul 15;146(1):1-6
references: 3038100
references: Hypertension. 2007 May;49(5):1063-9
references: 17372031
references: Diabetes. 2008 Oct;57(10):2619-25
references: 18591391
references: J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 May;89-90(1-5):121-5
references: 15225758
references: Nutr Rev. 2006 Nov;64(11):479-86
references: 17131943
references: FASEB J. 2000 Jun;14(9):1132-8
references: 10834935
references: Eur J Clin Nutr. 1995 Sep;49(9):640-6
references: 7498100
references: Diabet Med. 2009 Jan;26(1):19-27
references: 19125756
references: Eur J Endocrinol. 1997 Nov;137(5):495-502
references: 9405029
references: Obes Surg. 2008 Feb;18(2):151-4
references: 18175193