title: Drug transporters at brain barriers: expression and regulation by neurological disorders.
abstract: Drug transport in the central nervous system can be highly regulated by the expression of numerous influx and efflux transport proteins not only at the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier but also in brain parenchymal cellular compartments (i.e., astrocytes, microglia, neurons). In particular, members of the ATP-Binding Cassette membrane-associated transporter superfamily and Solute Carrier family are known to be involved in the traffic of several endobiotics and xenobiotics (including drugs) into and out ofthe brain. These transport proteins have also been implicated in a number of neurological disorders including HIV-encephalitis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and neoplasia. This chapter summarizes recent knowledge on the role of drug transporters in the brain.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Tamima
authors: T
authors: Ashraf
authors: Olena
authors: O
authors: Kis
authors: Nilasha
authors: N
authors: Banerjee
authors: Reina
authors: R
authors: Bendayan
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D002831:Choroid Plexus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004058:Diffusion; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D027701:Organic Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D057900:Transcytosis; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C116614:ABCG2 protein, human; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D027701:Organic Cation Transport Proteins; D015262:Xenobiotics; C043912:peptide permease