title: Lesion simulating disease1, enhanced disease susceptibility1, and phytoalexin deficient4 conditionally regulate cellular signaling homeostasis, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, and seed yield in Arabidopsis.
abstract: There is growing evidence that for a comprehensive insight into the function of plant genes, it is crucial to assess their functionalities under a wide range of conditions. In this study, we examined the role of lesion simulating disease1 (LSD1), enhanced disease susceptibility1 (EDS1), and phytoalexin deficient4 (PAD4) in the regulation of photosynthesis, water use efficiency, reactive oxygen species/hormonal homeostasis, and seed yield in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) grown in the laboratory and in the field. We demonstrate that the LSD1 null mutant (lsd1), which is known to exhibit a runaway cell death in nonpermissive conditions, proves to be more tolerant to combined drought and high-light stress than the wild type. Moreover, depending on growing conditions, it shows variations in water use efficiency, salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide concentrations, photosystem II maximum efficiency, and transcription profiles. However, despite these changes, lsd1 demonstrates similar seed yield under all tested conditions. All of these traits depend on EDS1 and PAD4. The differences in the pathways prevailing in the lsd1 in various growing environments are manifested by the significantly smaller number of transcripts deregulated in the field compared with the laboratory, with only 43 commonly regulated genes. Our data indicate that LSD1, EDS1, and PAD4 participate in the regulation of various molecular and physiological processes that influence Arabidopsis fitness. On the basis of these results, we emphasize that the function of such important regulators as LSD1, EDS1, and PAD4 should be studied not only under stable laboratory conditions, but also in the environment abounding in multiple stresses.
authors: Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
authors: Weronika
authors: W
authors: Wituszynska
authors: Ireneusz
authors: I
authors: Slesak
authors: Sandy
authors: S
authors: Vanderauwera
authors: Magdalena
authors: M
authors: Szechynska-Hebda
authors: Andrzej
authors: A
authors: Kornas
authors: Katrien
authors: K
authors: Van Der Kelen
authors: Per
authors: P
authors: Mühlenbock
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Karpinska
authors: Sebastian
authors: S
authors: Mackowski
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Van Breusegem
authors: Stanislaw
authors: S
authors: Karpinski
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D055864:Droughts; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C118837:EDS1 protein, Arabidopsis; C104920:LSD1 protein, Arabidopsis; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014867:Water; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C400766:PAD4 protein, Arabidopsis; D020156:Salicylic Acid
references: Ann Bot. 2002 Jun;89 Spec No:841-50
references: 12102510
references: Genetics. 1997 May;146(1):381-92
references: 9136026
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 May 27;100(11):6831-6
references: 12732715
references: Plant Cell. 1996 Nov;8(11):2033-46
references: 8953768
references: Biotechniques. 2003 Feb;34(2):374-8
references: 12613259
references: Protoplasma. 2010 Sep;245(1-4):3-14
references: 20411284
references: New Phytol. 2010 Jul;187(2):301-312
references: 20456049
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Dec 8;95(25):14863-8
references: 9843981
references: Cell. 1994 May 20;77(4):565-77
references: 8187176
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9440-5
references: 12883005
references: Plant Physiol. 2005 Oct;139(2):806-21
references: 16183842
references: Science. 2002 Jul 5;297(5578):91-3
references: 12098696
references: EMBO J. 2001 Oct 1;20(19):5400-11
references: 11574472
references: Science. 1996 Sep 27;273(5283):1853-6
references: 8791589
references: Plant Physiol. 2004 Sep;136(1):2818-30
references: 15347794
references: Plant Cell Physiol. 2006 Jan;47(1):22-31
references: 16239307
references: Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 1999 Nov;12(11):1022-6
references: 10550898
references: Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2009;47:177-206
references: 19400653
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jan 25;108(4):1711-6
references: 21220338
references: Anal Biochem. 1993 Nov 1;214(2):500-5
references: 8109740
references: J Exp Bot. 2007;58(5):1207-17
references: 17283375
references: Plant Cell. 2008 Sep;20(9):2339-56
references: 18790826
references: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2005 Aug;8(4):383-9
references: 15939664
references: Plant J. 2004 Mar;37(6):914-39
references: 14996223
references: Plant J. 2008 Aug;55(3):526-42
references: 18419781
references: Plant Physiol. 2005 Oct;139(2):847-56
references: 16183833
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Sep 18;104(38):15150-5
references: 17823244
references: Plant Cell Physiol. 2007 Apr;48(4):606-14
references: 17339232
references: Genetics. 2002 Dec;162(4):1875-84
references: 12524356
references: Plant J. 2008 Oct;56(1):13-27
references: 18557836
references: Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 1997 Jul;10(5):531-6
references: 9204559
references: Nat Genet. 2005 Oct;37(10):1130-4
references: 16170317
references: Cell. 1997 Mar 7;88(5):685-94
references: 9054508
references: Plant Cell. 2007 Nov;19(11):3819-30
references: 18055613
references: Proc Biol Sci. 2011 Sep 7;278(1718):2598-603
references: 21270041
references: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2001 Aug;4(4):301-8
references: 11418339
references: Plant Cell. 2005 Jul;17(7):1866-75
references: 15987996
references: Cell Death Differ. 2011 Aug;18(8):1247-56
references: 21475301
references: Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jan 1;31(1):224-8
references: 12519987
references: EMBO J. 2006 Sep 20;25(18):4400-11
references: 16957775
references: Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2008;59:89-113
references: 18444897
references: Adv Bioinformatics. 2008;2008:420747
references: 19956698
references: Plant Physiol. 1996 Sep;112(1):401-408
references: 12226398
references: Plant Cell. 2001 Oct;13(10):2211-24
references: 11595797
references: Plant J. 2002 Sep;31(6):713-27
references: 12220263
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jul 6;96(14):8271-6
references: 10393984
references: Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 1999 Jun;50:601-639
references: 15012221
references: Plant Cell. 2007 Jul;19(7):2099-110
references: 17630278
references: Science. 2010 Dec 3;330(6009):1393-7
references: 21097903
references: Heredity (Edinb). 2008 Feb;100(2):178-83
references: 17519970
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 16;96(6):3292-7
references: 10077677