title: Immediate loading of implants in the maxilla: survival and bone loss after at least 2 years in function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare survival and peri-implant bone loss around immediately loaded surface-enhanced implants in the maxilla supporting single crowns (SCs), fixed partial dentures (FPDs), and fixed full-arch dentures (FFDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included all subjects referred for implant treatment in the maxilla followed by immediate loading between November 2004 and 2007 with at least 2 years of follow-up. Smokers were excluded. Implant survival and bone loss were assessed by a calibrated external examiner who compared digital periapical radiographs taken during recall visits with baseline radiographs (day of loading = day after implant placement). An implant was considered successful when bone loss did not exceed 1 mm. Survival of implants supporting SCs, FPDs, and FFDs was compared using the log-rank test. A linear mixed-effect model analysis was used to evaluate bone loss because of clustering of implants in patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred six implants were placed in 55 patients (31 women, 24 men; mean age, 57.5 ± 11.4 years; range, 19 to 77 years) and followed for a mean of 35 ± 10.2 months (range, 24 to 58 months). One implant failed, resulting in an overall survival rate of 99.7% on the implant level and 98.2% on the patient level. No statistically significant differences were observed in the survival rates for SCs (100%), FPDs (98%), and FFDs (100%). The overall mean bone loss was 0.27 ± 0.37 mm (range, 0.00 to 2.55 mm) and was not influenced by the prosthetic reconstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immediate loading of fluoride-modified implants in the maxilla is a predictable and reliable treatment option with high survival rates and limited peri-implant bone loss after 2 years. No statistically significant differences were found between implants supporting SCs, FPDs, and FFDs.
authors: Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium. stijn.vervaeke@ugent.be
authors: Stijn
authors: S
authors: Vervaeke
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Collaert
authors: Hugo
authors: H
authors: De Bruyn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003442:Crowns / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015921:Dental Implants; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported / Q000009:adverse effects; D003825:Denture, Complete, Immediate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003827:Denture, Complete, Upper / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003830:Denture, Partial, Fixed / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants