title: Factors associated with borderline personality disorder in major depressive patients and their relationship to bipolarity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the interface between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolarity in depressed patients comorbid with BPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of National Multi-site Study of 493 consecutive DSM-IV major depressive patients evaluated in at least two semi-structured interviews 1 month apart, 19 (3.9%) had comorbid BPD (BPD+), whereas 474 (96.1%) did not manifest this comorbidity (BPD-).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to BPD (-), BPD (+) patients displayed higher rates of bipolar (BP) disorders and temperaments, an earlier age at onset with a family history of affective illness, more comorbidity, more stressors before the first episode which was more often depressive or mixed, as well as a greater number and severity of affective episodes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hypothesis which fitted at best our findings was to consider BPD as a contributory factor in the development of BP disorder, which could have favoured the progression from unipolar major depression to BP disorder. We could not however exclude that some features of BP disorder may have contributed to the development of BPD.
authors: SHU Psychiatrie Adultes, Sainte-Marguerite Hospital, 13274 Marseille cedex 9, France. Electronic address: jazorin@ap-hm.fr.
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Azorin
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kaladjian
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Adida
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Fakra
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Belzeaux
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Hantouche
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Lancrenon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Bipolar disorder; Borderline personality disorder; Unipolar depression