title: CCL5 as a potential immunotherapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer.
abstract: Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of mortality among women in the world. To date, a number of molecules have been established as disease status indicators and therapeutic targets. The best known among them are estrogen receptor-α (ER-α), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER-2/neu. About 15%-20% BC patients do not respond effectively to therapies targeting these classes of tumor-promoting factors. Thus, additional targets are strongly and urgently sought after in therapy for human BCs negative for ER, PR and HER-2, the so-called triple-negative BC (TNBC). Recent clinical work has revealed that CC chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) is strongly associated with the progression of BC, particularly TNBC. How CCL5 contributes to the development of TNBC is not well understood. Experimental animal studies have begun to address the mechanistic issue. In this article, we will review the clinical and laboratory work in this area that has led to our own hypothesis that targeting CCL5 in TNBCs will have favorable therapeutic outcomes with minimal adverse impact on the general physiology.
authors: Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors: Dandan
authors: D
authors: Lv
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Ha-Jeong
authors: HJ
authors: Kim
authors: Lixing
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Xiaojing
authors: X
authors: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D023421:Models, Animal; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human
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