title: Network connectivity and individual responses to brain stimulation in the human motor system.
abstract: The mechanisms driving cortical plasticity in response to brain stimulation are still incompletely understood. We here explored whether neural activity and connectivity in the motor system relate to the magnitude of cortical plasticity induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Twelve right-handed volunteers underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during rest and while performing a simple hand motor task. Resting-state functional connectivity, task-induced activation, and task-related effective connectivity were assessed for a network of key motor areas. We then investigated the effects of intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) on motor-evoked potentials (MEP) for up to 25 min after stimulation over left primary motor cortex (M1) or parieto-occipital vertex (for control). ITBS-induced increases in MEP amplitudes correlated negatively with movement-related fMRI activity in left M1. Control iTBS had no effect on M1 excitability. Subjects with better response to M1-iTBS featured stronger preinterventional effective connectivity between left premotor areas and left M1. In contrast, resting-state connectivity did not predict iTBS aftereffects. Plasticity-related changes in M1 following brain stimulation seem to depend not only on local factors but also on interconnected brain regions. Predominantly activity-dependent properties of the cortical motor system are indicative of excitability changes following induction of cortical plasticity with rTMS.
authors: Neuromodulation and Neurorehabilitation, Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Department of Neurology, Cologne University Hospital, 50924 Cologne, Germany.
authors: Lizbeth
authors: L
authors: Cárdenas-Morales
authors: Neuromodulation and Neurorehabilitation, Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Department of Neurology, Cologne University Hospital, 50924 Cologne, Germany.
authors: Lukas J
authors: LJ
authors: Volz
authors: Neuromodulation and Neurorehabilitation, Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Department of Neurology, Cologne University Hospital, 50924 Cologne, Germany.
authors: Jochen
authors: J
authors: Michely
authors: Neuromodulation and Neurorehabilitation, Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
authors: Anne K
authors: AK
authors: Rehme
authors: Neuromodulation and Neurorehabilitation, Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
authors: Eva-Maria
authors: EM
authors: Pool
authors: Neuromodulation and Neurorehabilitation, Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
authors: Charlotte
authors: C
authors: Nettekoven
authors: Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), 52425 Juelich Research Centre, Juelich, Germany and Institute for Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors: Simon B
authors: SB
authors: Eickhoff
authors: Department of Neurology, Cologne University Hospital, 50924 Cologne, Germany, Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), 52425 Juelich Research Centre, Juelich, Germany and.
authors: Gereon R
authors: GR
authors: Fink
authors: Neuromodulation and Neurorehabilitation, Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Department of Neurology, Cologne University Hospital, 50924 Cologne, Germany.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Grefkes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001703:Biophysics; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004525:Efferent Pathways / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006225:Hand / Q000294:innervation; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: brain stimulation; neuromodulation; plasticity; repetitive TMS