title: Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging of the left ventricular septal mitral annulus in healthy dogs.
abstract: This study evaluated pulsed TDI variables including the isovolumic time interval and duration of the major wave in a population of large healthy dogs. Longitudinal myocardial motion at the septal mitral annulus was evaluated with pulsed TDI in 45 healthy adult dogs. Maximal myocardial velocities, isovolumic time intervals, and duration of the myocardial waves were measured. The correlation between time intervals and velocity variables was also investigated. The mean maximal systolic velocity was 6.92 ± 1.78 cm/sec, the mean early diastolic velocity (Em) was 6.58 ± 1.81 cm/sec, the mean late diastolic velocity (Am) was 5.10 ± 2.00 cm/sec, the mean isovolumic contraction time (IVCT) was 53.61 ± 95.13 msec, and the mean isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was 26.74 ± 57.24 msec. The early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E)/Em ratio was 10.94 ± 3.27 while the Em/Am ratio was 1.40 ± 0.40. There was a negative correlation between Am duration and Am amplitude, and a positive correlation between the IVRT and Em/Am ratio (p < 0.05). The normal LV parameter using pulsed TDI method could be used as the reference range for identifying myocardial dysfunction in dogs.
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.
authors: Jihye
authors: J
authors: Choi
authors: Hyunwook
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: Junghee
authors: J
authors: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018617:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: dog; longitudinal; pulsed; septal mitral annulus; tissue Doppler imaging
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Mar 5;41(5):820-6
references: 12628728
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997 Aug;30(2):474-80
references: 9247521
references: Circulation. 2006 Mar 14;113(10):e396-8
references: 16534017
references: J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2001 Aug;14(8):764-72
references: 11490324
references: J Vet Intern Med. 2006 Jan-Feb;20(1):65-77
references: 16496925
references: J Vet Intern Med. 2004 Sep-Oct;18(5):667-72
references: 15515583
references: J Vet Intern Med. 2010 Mar-Apr;24(2):360-6
references: 20102503
references: J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1999 May;12(5):308-13
references: 10231616
references: Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2002 Nov-Dec;43(6):568-75
references: 12502113
references: J Vet Intern Med. 2006 May-Jun;20(3):640-7
references: 16734102
references: Am J Cardiol. 1989 Jul 1;64(1):66-75
references: 2741815
references: J Vet Intern Med. 2007 Jul-Aug;21(4):731-6
references: 17708392
references: Am J Cardiol. 1997 Apr 1;79(7):921-8
references: 9104907
references: Circulation. 1999 Jan 19;99(2):254-61
references: 9892592
references: J Vet Intern Med. 2007 Jan-Feb;21(1):81-91
references: 17338154
references: Am J Vet Res. 2004 Oct;65(10):1335-41
references: 15524319
references: J Vet Intern Med. 2007 Jul-Aug;21(4):719-30
references: 17708391
references: Am J Vet Res. 2006 Feb;67(2):250-8
references: 16454629
references: Echocardiography. 2002 Apr;19(3):187-98
references: 12022926
references: Circulation. 1998 Oct 20;98(16):1644-50
references: 9778330
references: J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1999 Jun;12(6):492-9
references: 10359921
references: Echocardiography. 2000 Aug;17(6 Pt 1):539-46
references: 11000588
references: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 May;290(5):H1952-9
references: 16361366
references: J Vet Med Sci. 2005 Dec;67(12):1207-15
references: 16397378