title: Intravenous flurbiprofen axetil to relieve cancer-related multiple breakthrough pain: a clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the treatment effect reducing cancer-related multiple breakthrough pain (BTP) between immediate release morphine sulfate (IRMS) and flurbiprofen axetil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible patients with refractory BTP were divided into two groups; the control group received IRMS for rescue care; the flurbiprofen group received intravenous flurbiprofen axetil. Patients were asked to assess the effect of rescue medication on their most severe pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study assessed 217 patients, 122 in the control group and 95 in the flurbiprofen group. The average time to meaningful pain relief following the administration of rescue medication in the two groups was 27.3 minutes (control group) and 16.0 minutes (flurbiprofen group, P<0.01). A significant reduction in pain intensity was found in both groups; the average visual analog scale (VAS) score was reduced from 7.8 to 3.0 in the control group and from 7.9 to 2.2 in the flurbiprofen group (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Flurbiprofen axetil can relieve BTP quickly and effectively.
authors: Department of Pain Relief, Cancer Institute and Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin, PR China.
authors: Jianlei
authors: J
authors: Hao
authors: Kun
authors: K
authors: Wang
authors: Yuejuan
authors: Y
authors: Shao
authors: Xianjiang
authors: X
authors: Cheng
authors: Zhe
authors: Z
authors: Yan
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059390:Breakthrough Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005480:Flurbiprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005480:Flurbiprofen; D009020:Morphine; C504422:flurbiprofen axetil