title: Cytotoxic and apoptotic evaluations of marine bacteria isolated from brine-seawater interface of the Red Sea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High salinity and temperature combined with presence of heavy metals and low oxygen renders deep-sea anoxic brines of the Red Sea as one of the most extreme environments on Earth. The ability to adapt and survive in these extreme environments makes inhabiting bacteria interesting candidates for the search of novel bioactive molecules.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total 20 i.e. lipophilic (chloroform) and hydrophilic (70% ethanol) extracts of marine bacteria isolated from brine-seawater interface of the Red Sea were tested for cytotoxic and apoptotic activity against three human cancer cell lines, i.e. HeLa (cervical carcinoma), MCF-7 (Breast Adenocarcinoma) and DU145 (Prostate carcinoma).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among these, twelve extracts were found to be very active after 24 hours of treatment, which were further evaluated for their cytotoxic and apoptotic effects at 48 hr. The extracts from the isolates P1-37B and P3-37A (Halomonas) and P1-17B (Sulfitobacter) have been found to be the most potent against tested cancer cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, bacterial isolates from the Red Sea displayed promising results and can be explored further to find novel drug-like molecules. The cell line specific activity of the extracts may be attributed to the presence of different polarity compounds or the cancer type i.e. biological differences in cell lines and different mechanisms of action of programmed cell death prevalent in different cancer cell lines.
authors: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. sunil.sagar@kaust.edu.sa
authors: Sunil
authors: S
authors: Sagar
authors: Luke
authors: L
authors: Esau
authors: Tyas
authors: T
authors: Hikmawan
authors: Andre
authors: A
authors: Antunes
authors: Karie
authors: K
authors: Holtermann
authors: Ulrich
authors: U
authors: Stingl
authors: Vladimir B
authors: VB
authors: Bajic
authors: Mandeep
authors: M
authors: Kaur
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001419:Bacteria; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017753:Ecosystem; D005260:Female; D020632:Halomonas; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D012492:Salts; D012623:Seawater; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D012492:Salts; C017082:brine
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