title: Continuous and intermittent running to exhaustion at maximal lactate steady state: neuromuscular, biochemical and endocrinal responses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to characterize the neuromuscular, biochemical, and endocrinal responses from a running to exhaustion mode at the maximal lactate steady state intensity during continuous and intermittent protocols.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre-post test measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve athletes performed an incremental treadmill test, several constant speed tests to determine the maximal lactate steady state at continuous and intermittent (5:1 ratio) models and two randomized tests until exhaustion at such intensities. Knee extension torque and blood sampling were collected before and immediately after the time to exhaustion tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed a significant decrement (∼15%) in torque production after time to exhaustion tests for both exercise models. In addition to neuromuscular impairment, an acute increase of 65% and 38% was observed creatine kinase, during continuous and intermittent running, respectively. Regarding hormonal responses when compared to baseline measurements, cortisol increased by 132% and 121% in the continuous and intermittent protocols, respectively. No correlation was found between biochemical, endocrinal and the neuromuscular variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings showed that running until exhaustion performed at maximal lactate steady state, significantly impaired muscle strength and increased hormonal and muscle damage markers in two different protocols (i.e. continuous and intermittent) amongst trained runners.
authors: Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Physical Effort Laboratory, Brazil. Electronic address: naia_dittrich@yahoo.com.br.
authors: Naiandra
authors: N
authors: Dittrich
authors: Ricardo Dantas
authors: RD
authors: de Lucas
authors: Mariana Franzoni
authors: MF
authors: Maioral
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Diefenthaeler
authors: Luiz Guilherme Antonacci
authors: LG
authors: Guglielmo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; D013739:Testosterone; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: Damage markers; Endocrine; Lactate balance; Maximal voluntary contraction