title: Confirmation of Two Sibling Species among Anopheles fluviatilis Mosquitoes in South and Southeastern Iran by Analysis of Cytochrome Oxidase I Gene.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anopheles fluviatilis, one of the major malaria vectors in Iran, is assumed to be a complex of sibling species. The aim of this study was to evaluate Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene alongside 28S-D3 as a diagnostic tool for identification of An. fluviatilis sibling species in Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA sample belonging to 24 An. fluviatilis mosquitoes from different geographical areas in south and southeastern Iran were used for amplification of COI gene followed by sequencing. The 474-475 bp COI sequences obtained in this study were aligned with 59 similar sequences of An. fluviatilis and a sequence of Anopheles minimus, as out group, from GenBank database. The distances between group and individual sequences were calculated and phylogenetic tree for obtained sequences was generated by using Kimura two parameter (K2P) model of neighbor-joining method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Phylogenetic analysis using COI gene grouped members of Fars Province (central Iran) in two distinct clades separate from other Iranian members representing Hormozgan, Kerman, and Sistan va Baluchestan Provinces. The mean distance between Iranian and Indian individuals was 1.66%, whereas the value between Fars Province individuals and the group comprising individuals from other areas of Iran was 2.06%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presence of 2.06% mean distance between individuals from Fars Province and those from other areas of Iran is indicative of at least two sibling species in An. fluviatilis mosquitoes of Iran. This finding confirms earlier results based on RAPD-PCR and 28S-D3 analysis.
authors: Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Saied Reza
authors: SR
authors: Naddaf
authors: Mohammad Ali
authors: MA
authors: Oshaghi
authors: Hassan
authors: H
authors: Vatandoost
keywords: Anopheles fluviatilis; Cytochrome oxidase I; Sibling species; Taxonomy
references: East Mediterr Health J. 2003 May;9(3):257-65
references: 15751917
references: Acta Trop. 2012 Feb;121(2):85-92
references: 21570940
references: J Vector Borne Dis. 2005 Sep;42(3):100-8
references: 16294808
references: J Med Entomol. 2007 Jan;44(1):1-7
references: 17294914
references: J Vector Ecol. 2005 Dec;30(2):272-6
references: 16599162
references: Acta Trop. 2001 Jan 15;78(1):3-9
references: 11164744
references: Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Dec 15;25(24):4876-82
references: 9396791
references: Acta Trop. 2012 Jan;121(1):13-8
references: 22001304
references: J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1992 Dec;8(4):381-5
references: 1474383
references: Med Vet Entomol. 2003 Jun;17(2):138-44
references: 12823830
references: Insect Mol Biol. 1996 Aug;5(3):153-65
references: 8799733
references: J Vector Ecol. 2007 Dec;32(2):235-42
references: 18260513
references: Annu Rev Entomol. 2003;48:111-39
references: 12208816
references: Acta Trop. 2011 Feb;117(2):76-81
references: 20933492
references: Indian J Med Res. 2010 Jul;132:31-5
references: 20693586
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2008 Apr;78(4):633-40
references: 18385361
references: Med Vet Entomol. 2006 Dec;20(4):413-24
references: 17199753
references: Mol Biol Evol. 2007 Aug;24(8):1596-9
references: 17488738
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004 Jan;70(1):27-32
references: 14971694
references: Trop Geogr Med. 1976 Sep;28(3):224-7
references: 1006791
references: Med Vet Entomol. 2006 Mar;20(1):33-43
references: 16608488
references: Trop Geogr Med. 1976 Mar;28(1):41-4
references: 941241
references: Korean J Parasitol. 2010 Sep;48(3):231-6
references: 20877502