title: Closure of the patent ductus arteriosus with the Amplatzer Duct Occluder II: a clinical experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of our study was to share our clinical experience on cases with patent ductus arteriosus treated with the Amplatzer Duct Occluder II.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2008 and 2012, 26 of 31 patients with patent ductus arteriosus underwent successful transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus using the Amplatzer Duct Occluder II. Mean age was 3.3 years and mean weight was 15.7 kilograms. The presence of a residual shunt, left pulmonary artery or aortic obstruction was explored by administering contrast material during the procedure. The patients were discharged 24 hours after the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The procedure was successful in 26 of 31 patients and failed in five patients. According to the Krichenko classification, 26 patients had type A, one patient had type B and 4 patients had type C ductus. The mean narrowest ductus diameter was 3.2 mm and the mean ductus length was 6.7 mm. Complete angiographic occlusion occurred immediately after the procedure in 22 out of 26 patients in whom the ductus was closed successfully with the Amplatzer Duct Occluder II. Complete occlusion was achieved in the remaining patients with residual shunt one month after the procedure. The procedure was preceded by closure with an Amplatzer Duct Occluder I in two patients and an Amplatzer Vascular Plug I in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amplatzer Duct Occluder II is highly effective in transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus. We think that an alternative closure device and alternative techniques can be attempted in patients with type C ductus. The success rate could increase with accumulating experience.
authors: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Tevfik
authors: T
authors: Karagöz
authors: Alper
authors: A
authors: Akin
authors: Ilker
authors: I
authors: Ertuğrul
authors: Hayrettin Hakan
authors: HH
authors: Aykan
authors: Dursun
authors: D
authors: Alehan
authors: Sema
authors: S
authors: Ozer
authors: Süheyla
authors: S
authors: Ozkutlu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000639:trends; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055989:Septal Occluder Device; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult