title: Effect of add-on pentoxifylline on proteinuria in membranous glomerulonephritis: a 6-month placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) may cause proteinuria as the main complication and is a strong risk factor for end-stage renal disease. Current therapeutic regimens provide only partial renoprotection. Data derived from both animal and human studies provide a scientific basis for the use of pentoxifylline as an antiproteinuric agent.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to evaluate the antiproteinuric effect of add-on pentoxifylline therapy in non-diabetic patients with MGN.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-diabetic patients with histologically proven MGN and urinary protein excretion (UPE) > 500 mg/24 h, entered a 6-month study period. Enrolled patients were selected from a university and three private clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were assigned to one of the two treatment groups: pentoxifylline 400 mg two or three times a day, or matching placebo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline and follow-up assessments included estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and UPE. Differences in the changes in variables within the placebo and pentoxifylline treatment groups during the study period were assessed using Friedman's test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with pentoxifylline for 6 months resulted in a significant reduction of mean UPE (p < 0.001) along with a slight, non-significant increase of eGFR, in comparison to the mean UPE and eGFR increase in the placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that add-on therapy of pentoxifylline in MGN was beneficial, and could be considered as a potential new therapeutic indication for the drug in such kidney diseases.
authors: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Shirinsadat
authors: S
authors: Badri
authors: Simin
authors: S
authors: Dashti-Khavidaki
authors: Farrokhlegha
authors: F
authors: Ahmadi
authors: Mitra
authors: M
authors: Mahdavi-Mazdeh
authors: Mohammad-Reza
authors: MR
authors: Abbasi
authors: Hossein
authors: H
authors: Khalili
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015433:Glomerulonephritis, Membranous / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D010431:Pentoxifylline
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