title: Direct percutaneous puncture embolization of type II endoleaks using a coaxial technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate a coaxial needle technique for direct percutaneous puncture embolization of type II endoleaks.
  
  
  METHODS
  The technique is demonstrated in a 79-year-old woman and an 80-year-old man who developed type II endoleaks after endovascular repair of thoracic and internal iliac artery aneurysms, respectively. Expansion of the aneurysms required additional therapy. Fluoroscopy and cone-beam computed tomography-guided direct percutaneous endoleak sac embolization with n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA)-lipiodol was performed using the coaxial technique, which resulted in complete embolization of the endoleak sac. At 6 and 3 months after embolotherapy, respectively, the NBCA-lipiodol filled the endoleak sacs and the communicating channels up to the respective feeding arteries; no enlargement of the aneurysms was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct percutaneous sac embolization using a coaxial technique for type II endoleaks is a feasible treatment and yields good short-term results. More experience with this technique and longer follow-up of these patients is needed.
authors: Department of Radiology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan. yoshiaki@dokkyomed.ac.jp
authors: Yoshiaki
authors: Y
authors: Katada
authors: Shunichi
authors: S
authors: Kondo
authors: Shoichi
authors: S
authors: Takahashi
authors: Yohei
authors: Y
authors: Okita
authors: Akihito
authors: A
authors: Kagoshima
authors: Kyu
authors: K
authors: Rokkaku
authors: Miwako
authors: M
authors: Nozaki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D057867:Endoleak / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011677:Punctures