title: Geraniol attenuates 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in mouse skin: possible role of p38 MAP Kinase and NF-κB.
abstract: Abnormal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines often act as trigger for development of most of the chronic human diseases including cancer via up-regulation of transcription factors and activation of MAP kinases. We investigated the protective effects of geraniol (GOH) against 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced oxidative and inflammatory responses, expression of p38MAPK, NF-κB and COX-2 in mouse skin. Animals were divided into four groups I-IV (n=6). Group II and III received topical application of TPA at the dose of 10 nmol/0.2 ml of acetone/animal/day, for two days. Group III was pre-treated with GOH (250 μg) topically 30 min prior to each TPA administration. While group I and IV were given acetone (0.2 ml) and GOH respectively. Our results show that GOH significantly inhibited TPA induced lipid peroxidation (LPO), inflammatory responses, proinflammatory cytokine release, up regulates reduced glutathione (GSH) content and the activity of different antioxidant enzymes. Interestingly, GOH also inhibited TPA induced altered activity of p38MAPK. Further, TPA induced altered expression of NF-κB (p65) and COX-2 was also attenuated by GOH. Thus, our results suggest that GOH attenuates early tumor promotional changes, and it may serve as one of the various ways to prevent carcinogenesis.
authors: Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Division, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110 062, India.
authors: Abdul Quaiyoom
authors: AQ
authors: Khan
authors: Rehan
authors: R
authors: Khan
authors: Wajhul
authors: W
authors: Qamar
authors: Abdul
authors: A
authors: Lateef
authors: Muneeb U
authors: MU
authors: Rehman
authors: Mir
authors: M
authors: Tahir
authors: Farrah
authors: F
authors: Ali
authors: Oday O
authors: OO
authors: Hamiza
authors: Syed Kazim
authors: SK
authors: Hasan
authors: Sarwat
authors: S
authors: Sultana
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000633:toxicity; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013729:Terpenes; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D005978:Glutathione; C007836:geraniol; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate