title: Lutein supplementation reduces plasma lipid peroxidation and C-reactive protein in healthy nonsmokers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine whether lutein affected biomarkers related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in healthy nonsmokers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of lutein supplementation was conducted in healthy nonsmokers. 117 eligible subjects were randomly assigned to receive 10 or 20 mg/d of lutein or placebo for 12 weeks. Levels of plasma carotenoid concentrations, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), the lipoprotein profile, and antioxidant enzymes activities were determined at baseline and at 6, and 12 weeks after the initiation of treatment. Biomarkers of oxidative damage to protein and lipids, and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were measured at baseline and after supplementation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma lutein and TAOC significantly increased in both active treatment groups during 12 weeks. A significant reduction was found in malondialdehyde in the 20 mg lutein group. CRP concentration decreased in a dose-dependent manner for lutein supplementation, and there was a significant between-group difference in CRP between the 20 mg lutein and the placebo group. Serum CRP was directly related to the change in plasma lutein and TAOC for both active treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results support the possibility that lutein supplementation reduce biomarkers of CVD risk via decreased lipid peroxidation and inflammatory response by increasing plasma lutein concentrations and antioxidant capacity.
authors: School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
authors: Ming-Xu
authors: MX
authors: Wang
authors: Jia-Hui
authors: JH
authors: Jiao
authors: Ze-Yu
authors: ZY
authors: Li
authors: Ru-Ru
authors: RR
authors: Liu
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Shi
authors: Le
authors: L
authors: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D014975:Lutein / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D008055:Lipids; D002338:Carotenoids; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D014975:Lutein