title: Litopenaeus vannamei sterile-alpha and armadillo motif containing protein (LvSARM) is involved in regulation of Penaeidins and antilipopolysaccharide factors.
abstract: The Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated NF-κB pathway is tightly controlled because overactivation may result in severe damage to the host, such as in the case of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. In mammals, sterile-alpha and armadillo motif-containing protein (SARM) plays an important role in negatively regulating this pathway. While Caenorhabditis elegans SARM is crucial for an efficient immune response against bacterial and fungal infections, it is still unknown whether Drosophila SARM participates in immune responses. Here, Litopenaeus vannamei SARM (LvSARM) was cloned and functionally characterized. LvSARM shared signature domains with and exhibited significant similarities to mammalian SARM. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis indicated that the expression of LvSARM was responsive to Vibrio alginolyticus and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infections in the hemocyte, gill, hepatopancreas and intestine. In Drosophila S2 cells, LvSARM was widely distributed in the cytoplasm and could significantly inhibit the promoters of the NF-κB pathway-controlled antimicrobial peptide genes (AMPs). Silencing of LvSARM using dsRNA-mediated RNA interference increased the expression levels of Penaeidins and antilipopolysaccharide factors, which are L.vannamei AMPs, and increased the mortality rate after V. alginolyticus infection. Taken together, our results reveal that LvSARM may be a novel component of the shrimp Toll pathway that negatively regulates shrimp AMPs, particularly Penaeidins and antilipopolysaccharide factors.
authors: MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. wph326@gmail.com
authors: Pei-Hui
authors: PH
authors: Wang
authors: Zhi-Hua
authors: ZH
authors: Gu
authors: Ding-Hui
authors: DH
authors: Wan
authors: Wei-Bin
authors: WB
authors: Zhu
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Qiu
authors: Shao-Ping
authors: SP
authors: Weng
authors: Xiao-Qiang
authors: XQ
authors: Yu
authors: Jian-Guo
authors: JG
authors: He
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051186:Armadillo Domain Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005880:Gills / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000235:genetics; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044149:Vibrio alginolyticus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D046848:White spot syndrome virus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D051186:Armadillo Domain Proteins; D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; C034705:antilipopolysaccharide factor (Limulus)
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