title: The role of gut-liver axis in the restriction of intrauterine growth in a model of experimental gastroschisis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) by the expression of IR-β, IRS-1, IRS-2, IGF-IRβ and Ikappaβ in experimental model of gastroschisis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant rats at 18.5 days of gestation were submitted to surgery to create experimental fetal gastroschisis (term = 22 days) were divided in three groups: gastroschisis (G), control (C) and sham (S). Fetuses were evaluated for body weight (BW), intestinal (IW), liver (LW) and their relations IW/BW and LW/BW. IR-β and IGF-IRβ receptors, IRS-1 and IRS-2 substrates and Ikappaβ protein were analyzed by western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BW was lower in G, the IW and IW / BW were greater than C and S (p<0.05) groups. The liver showed no differences between groups. In fetuses with gastroschisis, compared with control fetuses, the expression of IGF-IRβ (p<0.001) and Ikappaβ (p<0.001) increased in the liver and intestine, as well as IR-β (p<0.001) which decreased in both. In contrast to the intestine, IRS-1 (p<0.001) increased in the liver and IRS-2 decreased (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The axis of the intestine liver has an important role in inflammation, with consequent changes in the metabolic pathway of glucose can contribute to the IUGR in fetuses with gastroschisis.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Márcia Pereira
authors: MP
authors: Bueno
authors: Frances Lilian Lanhellas
authors: FL
authors: Gonçalves
authors: Dioze
authors: D
authors: Guadagnini
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Barini
authors: Mario José Abdalla
authors: MJ
authors: Saad
authors: Rodrigo Melo
authors: RM
authors: Gallindo
authors: Augusto Frederico
authors: AF
authors: Schmidt
authors: Lourenço
authors: L
authors: Sbragia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism*; D020139:Gastroschisis / Q000150:complications*; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D011972:Receptor, Insulin