title: RNA pseudouridylation: new insights into an old modification.
abstract: Pseudouridine is the most abundant post-transcriptionally modified nucleotide in various stable RNAs of all organisms. Pseudouridine is derived from uridine via base-specific isomerization, resulting in an extra hydrogen-bond donor that distinguishes it from other nucleotides. In eukaryotes, uridine-to-pseudouridine isomerization is catalyzed primarily by box H/ACA RNPs, ribonucleoproteins that act as pseudouridylases. When introduced into RNA, pseudouridine contributes significantly to RNA-mediated cellular processes. It was recently discovered that pseudouridylation can be induced by stress, suggesting a regulatory role for pseudouridine. It has also been reported that pseudouridine can be artificially introduced into mRNA by box H/ACA RNPs and that such introduction can mediate nonsense-to-sense codon conversion, thus demonstrating a new means of generating coding or protein diversity.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
authors: Junhui
authors: J
authors: Ge
authors: Yi-Tao
authors: YT
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020029:Base Pairing; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007536:Isomerism; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011560:Pseudouridine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012342:RNA, Small Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017381:Spliceosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012342:RNA, Small Nuclear; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; D011560:Pseudouridine
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