title: The glandular resection and central embedding modification (GRACE) in Duckett and Barcat hypospadias repair.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We recently reported a novel modification of the Barcat technique termed glandular resection and central embedding (GRACE). Here, we report results from a large patient population and apply this modification also to Duckett hypospadias repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively evaluated 488 patients who had undergone primary or secondary hypospadias repair by Barcat or Duckett using the GRACE modification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For all GRACE repairs, cosmetic appearance was favorable regarding meatal position, shape and overall appearance. Maximum and average flow were above the 5th percentile in at least 95%. In Barcat and Duckett repairs, urethrocutaneous fistulas occurred in 5 and 30.7%, urethral strictures in 3 and 20.8%, and meatal strictures in 5 and 25.3%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The initially reported favorable cosmetic and functional results were confirmed both for Duckett and Barcat repair using the GRACE modification. Complication rates were favorably low for Barcat and higher, but consistent with published results, for Duckett repair.
authors: Department of Urology, University of Freiburg Medical School, Freiburg, Germany. peter.ardelt@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors: Peter U
authors: PU
authors: Ardelt
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Cederquist
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Schoenthaler
authors: Arkadiusz
authors: A
authors: Miernik
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Frankenschmidt
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014563:Urodynamics; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*