title: Sensor potency of the moonlighting enzyme-decorated cytoskeleton: the cytoskeleton as a metabolic sensor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is extensive evidence for the interaction of metabolic enzymes with the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. The significance of these interactions is far from clear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In the cytoskeletal integrative sensor hypothesis presented here, the cytoskeleton senses and integrates the general metabolic activity of the cell. This activity depends on the binding to the cytoskeleton of enzymes and, depending on the nature of the enzyme, this binding may occur if the enzyme is either active or inactive but not both. This enzyme-binding is further proposed to stabilize microtubules and microfilaments and to alter rates of GTP and ATP hydrolysis and their levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evidence consistent with the cytoskeletal integrative sensor hypothesis is presented in the case of glycolysis. Several testable predictions are made. There should be a relationship between post-translational modifications of tubulin and of actin and their interaction with metabolic enzymes. Different conditions of cytoskeletal dynamics and enzyme-cytoskeleton binding should reveal significant differences in local and perhaps global levels and ratios of ATP and GTP. The different functions of moonlighting enzymes should depend on cytoskeletal binding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The physical and chemical effects arising from metabolic sensing by the cytoskeleton would have major consequences on cell shape, dynamics and cell cycle progression. The hypothesis provides a framework that helps the significance of the enzyme-decorated cytoskeleton be determined.
authors: EA 3829, Faculté des Sciences de l'Université de Rouen, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France. victor.norris@univ-rouen.fr
authors: Vic
authors: V
authors: Norris
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Amar
authors: Guillaume
authors: G
authors: Legent
authors: Camille
authors: C
authors: Ripoll
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Thellier
authors: Judit
authors: J
authors: Ovádi
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D004798:Enzymes; D014404:Tubulin; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
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