title: Diamond as a scaffold for bone growth.
abstract: Diamond is an attractive material for biomedical implants. In this work, we investigate its capacity as a bone scaffold. It is well established that the bioactivity of a material can be evaluated by examining its capacity to form apatite-like calcium phosphate phases on its surface when exposed to simulated body fluid. Accordingly, polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) deposited by microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition were exposed to simulated body fluid and assessed for apatite growth when compared to the bulk silicon. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that both UNCD and PCD are capable of acting as a bone scaffold. The composition of deposited apatite suggests that UNCD and PCD are suitable for in vivo implantation with UNCD possible favoured in applications where rapid osseointegration is essential.
authors: School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. kfox@unimelb.edu.au
authors: Kate
authors: K
authors: Fox
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Palamara
authors: Roy
authors: R
authors: Judge
authors: Andrew D
authors: AD
authors: Greentree
mesh_terms: D001846:Bone Development; D018130:Diamond; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D018130:Diamond
references: Biomaterials. 1996 Mar;17(5):537-44
references: 8991486
references: J Control Release. 2004 Sep 14;99(1):127-37
references: 15342186
references: Biomaterials. 2002 May;23(9):1921-30
references: 11996032
references: Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999 Jul-Aug;14(4):565-70
references: 10453673
references: J Biomed Mater Res. 1997 Mar 5;34(3):305-15
references: 9086400
references: Biomaterials. 1996 Feb;17(4):397-404
references: 8938233
references: Biomaterials. 2010 Mar;31(7):1465-85
references: 19969343
references: Biomaterials. 2005 Jul;26(19):4161-9
references: 15664643
references: Acta Orthop. 2011 Aug;82(4):499-503
references: 21504369
references: J Dent Res. 2004 Jun;83(6):465-9
references: 15153453
references: Biomaterials. 2003 Jun;24(13):2161-75
references: 12699652
references: Clin Oral Implants Res. 1996 Jun;7(2):96-100
references: 9002827
references: Biomaterials. 2004 Oct;25(22):5323-31
references: 15110483
references: J Neural Eng. 2012 Feb;9(1):016002
references: 22156061
references: J Biomed Mater Res A. 2006 Feb;76(2):347-55
references: 16270340
references: Biomaterials. 2004 Mar;25(6):987-94
references: 14615163
references: Biomaterials. 2004 Sep;25(20):4911-9
references: 15109851
references: J Biomed Mater Res. 2001;58(5):570-92
references: 11505433
references: J Control Release. 2006 Jun 28;113(2):102-10
references: 16740332
references: Biomaterials. 2006 May;27(15):2907-15
references: 16448693
references: Biomaterials. 2011 May;32(15):3794-806
references: 21392822
references: Biomaterials. 2005 Apr;26(10):1097-108
references: 15451629
references: J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2004 Jul;15(7):773-7
references: 15387413
references: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2011 Jan;96(1):152-91
references: 21061364
references: J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001 Jan;83(1):118-23
references: 11245519
references: Biomaterials. 2000 Mar;21(5):469-73
references: 10674811
references: Biomaterials. 2002 Jul;23(13):2817-23
references: 12059033
references: Biomaterials. 2004 Nov;25(25):5575-81
references: 15159073
references: Biomaterials. 2009 Apr;30(12):2175-9
references: 19176246
references: Materials (Basel). 2011 May;4(5):857-867
references: 21603588
references: Biomaterials. 1996 Apr;17(8):807-12
references: 8730965
references: J Biomed Mater Res. 2002 Nov;62(2):228-36
references: 12209943
references: J Biomed Mater Res. 1990 Jun;24(6):721-34
references: 2361964
references: Biomaterials. 2001 Jun;22(12):1507-14
references: 11374449