title: Carvacrol suppresses the expression of inflammatory marker genes in D-galactosamine-hepatotoxic rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To unravel the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of carvacrol in D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced hepatotoxic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mRNA and protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) were assayed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the mRNA and protein expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2 and NF-κB were significantly up-regulated in D-galactosamine induced hepatotoxic rats and treatment with carvacrol significantly down-regulated the expressions of these genes showing the mechanism behind the anti-inflammatory activity of carvacrol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All above results reveal that the carvacrol well known anti-inflammatory activities in D-galactosamine induced hepatotoxic rats.
authors: Research and Development Centre Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641046, Tamilnadu, India.
authors: Balakrishnan
authors: B
authors: Aristatile
authors: Abdullah H
authors: AH
authors: Al-Assaf
authors: Kodukkur Viswanathan
authors: KV
authors: Pugalendi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000081007:Cymenes; D005688:Galactosamine / Q000633:toxicity; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008106:Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012838:Silymarin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000081007:Cymenes; D015850:Interleukin-6; D039821:Monoterpenes; D016328:NF-kappa B; D020011:Protective Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012838:Silymarin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005688:Galactosamine; C073316:carvacrol; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2