title: XRCC1 codon 399Gln polymorphism is associated with radiotherapy-induced acute dermatitis and mucositis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the 194 and 399 codons of XRCC1, and the risk of severe acute skin and oral mucosa reactions in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  114 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were sequentially recruited in this study. Heparinized peripheral blood samples were taken for SNPs analysis before the start of radiation treatment. SNPs in XRCC1 (194Arg/Trp and 399Arg/Gln) gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Dermatitis at upper neck and oral mucositis were clinically recorded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v.3.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The variant allele frequencies were 0.289 for XRCC1 194Trp and 0.263 for XRCC1 399Gln. Of the 114 patients, 24 experienced grade 3 acute dermatitis and 48 had grade 3 acute mucositis. The XRCC1 399Arg/Gln was significantly associated with the development of grade 3 dermatitis (Odds Ratio, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.04-6.73; p = 0.037, χ2 = 4.357). In addition, it was also associated with higher incidence of grade 3 mucositis with a borderline statistical significance (Odds Ratio, 2.11; 95% CI, 0.951-4.66; p = 0.065, χ2 = 3.411). The relationship between XRCC1 194Arg/Trp and acute dermatitis, and mucositis was not found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our investigation shows, for the first time, that patients with the XRCC1 399Arg/Gln genotype were more likely to experience severe acute dermatitis and oral mucositis. With further validation, the information can be used to determine personalized radiotherapy strategy.
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
authors: Haijun
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Yanjie
authors: Y
authors: You
authors: Canfeng
authors: C
authors: Lin
authors: Mingzhang
authors: M
authors: Zheng
authors: Chaoqun
authors: C
authors: Hong
authors: Jiongyu
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Derui
authors: D
authors: Li
authors: William W
authors: WW
authors: Au
authors: Zhijian
authors: Z
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052016:Mucositis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015996:Survival Rate; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human
references: Cancer Res. 2004 Jun 15;64(12):4378-84
references: 15205355
references: Radiat Res. 2010 Apr;173(4):505-11
references: 20334523
references: Environ Mol Mutagen. 2002;39(2-3):208-15
references: 11921191
references: Eur J Cancer. 1992;28A(11):1783-91
references: 1389511
references: Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Jul 1;11(13):4802-9
references: 16000577
references: Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2010 Dec;25(6):681-5
references: 21204762
references: Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Nov;111(15):1843-50
references: 14630517
references: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003 Nov;12(11 Pt 1):1168-74
references: 14652276
references: Carcinogenesis. 2001 Jun;22(6):917-22
references: 11375899
references: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Apr 1;79(5):1414-20
references: 20605357
references: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 Mar 15;73(4):1187-95
references: 19251090
references: Environ Mol Mutagen. 2004;44(1):74-82
references: 15199549
references: Semin Radiat Oncol. 1994 Apr;4(2):68-80
references: 10717093
references: Semin Radiat Oncol. 2010 Oct;20(4):232-40
references: 20832015
references: Ann Oncol. 2002 Jul;13(7):1007-15
references: 12176778
references: DNA Repair (Amst). 2003 Aug 12;2(8):901-8
references: 12893086
references: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 Jul 15;74(4):1070-6
references: 19231110
references: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Jul 1;62(3):672-9
references: 15936544
references: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Jul 1;80(3):655-60
references: 21621119
references: Nature. 2001 May 17;411(6835):366-74
references: 11357144