title: The heparanase/syndecan-1 axis in cancer: mechanisms and therapies.
abstract: Heparanase is an endoglucuronidase that cleaves heparan sulfate chains of proteoglycans. In many malignancies, high heparanase expression and activity correlate with an aggressive tumour phenotype. A major consequence of heparanase action in cancer is a robust up-regulation of growth factor expression and increased shedding of syndecan-1 (a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan). Substantial evidence indicates that heparanase and syndecan-1 work together to drive growth factor signalling and regulate cell behaviours that enhance tumour growth, dissemination, angiogenesis and osteolysis. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that therapies targeting the heparanase/syndecan-1 axis hold promise for blocking the aggressive behaviour of cancer.
authors: Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors: Vishnu C
authors: VC
authors: Ramani
authors: Anurag
authors: A
authors: Purushothaman
authors: Mark D
authors: MD
authors: Stewart
authors: Camilla A
authors: CA
authors: Thompson
authors: Israel
authors: I
authors: Vlodavsky
authors: Jessie L-S
authors: JL
authors: Au
authors: Ralph D
authors: RD
authors: Sanderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000494:pharmacology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053668:Syndecan-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099175:Heparanase
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005966:Glucuronidase; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D053668:Syndecan-1; D000099175:Heparanase; C066855:HGF protein, human; C508241:SDC1 protein, human
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