title: Treadmill exercise induces hippocampal astroglial alterations in rats.
abstract: Physical exercise effects on brain health and cognitive performance have been described. Synaptic remodeling in hippocampus induced by physical exercise has been described in animal models, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Changes in astrocytes, the glial cells involved in synaptic remodeling, need more characterization. We investigated the effect of moderate treadmill exercise (20 min/day) for 4 weeks on some parameters of astrocytic activity in rat hippocampal slices, namely, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), glutamate uptake and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities, glutathione content, and S100B protein content and secretion, as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and glucose uptake activity in this tissue. Results show that moderate treadmill exercise was able to induce a decrease in GFAP content (evaluated by ELISA and immunohistochemistry) and an increase in GS activity. These changes could be mediated by corticosterone, whose levels were elevated in serum. BDNF, another putative mediator, was not altered in hippocampal tissue. Moreover, treadmill exercise caused a decrease in NO content. Our data indicate specific changes in astrocyte markers induced by physical exercise, the importance of studying astrocytes for understanding brain plasticity, as well as reinforce the relevance of physical exercise as a neuroprotective strategy.
authors: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors: Caren
authors: C
authors: Bernardi
authors: Ana Carolina
authors: AC
authors: Tramontina
authors: Patrícia
authors: P
authors: Nardin
authors: Regina
authors: R
authors: Biasibetti
authors: Ana Paula
authors: AP
authors: Costa
authors: Adriana Fernanda
authors: AF
authors: Vizueti
authors: Cristiane
authors: C
authors: Batassini
authors: Lucas Silva
authors: LS
authors: Tortorelli
authors: Krista Minéia
authors: KM
authors: Wartchow
authors: Márcio Ferreira
authors: MF
authors: Dutra
authors: Larissa
authors: L
authors: Bobermin
authors: Patrícia
authors: P
authors: Sesterheim
authors: André
authors: A
authors: Quincozes-Santos
authors: Jaqueline
authors: J
authors: de Souza
authors: Carlos Alberto
authors: CA
authors: Gonçalves
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D003345:Corticosterone
references: Prog Neurobiol. 2011 Mar;93(3):421-43
references: 21219963
references: J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2010 Nov;117(11):1295-305
references: 20953641
references: Methods Enzymol. 1994;233:250-8
references: 7516999
references: Cell. 2006 May 19;125(4):775-84
references: 16713567
references: Neurosci Bull. 2008 Aug;24(4):265-70
references: 18668156
references: Exp Physiol. 2013 Jan;98(1):207-19
references: 22613742
references: Arch Med Res. 2006 Jul;37(5):683-6
references: 16740441
references: Neurosci Lett. 2010 May 31;476(2):99-103
references: 20398736
references: J Physiol Pharmacol. 2010 Oct;61(5):533-41
references: 21081796
references: Methods Mol Biol. 1998;108:347-52
references: 9921543
references: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008 Jul;32(5):927-44
references: 18462796
references: Braz J Med Biol Res. 2002 Nov;35(11):1389-94
references: 12426640
references: Exp Neurol. 2003 Nov;184(1):31-9
references: 14637076
references: Neurochem Int. 2010 Nov;57(4):383-8
references: 20350577
references: Sports Med. 2007;37(9):765-82
references: 17722948
references: J Nutr. 2006 Sep;136(9):2357-61
references: 16920854
references: Brain Res. 2006 Oct 3;1113(1):186-93
references: 16904660
references: Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2005 Apr;48(2):287-301
references: 15850668
references: Prog Neurobiol. 2000 Dec;62(6):649-71
references: 10880854
references: Neural Plast. 2010;2010:870573
references: 20508828
references: J Neurosci Methods. 2007 May 15;162(1-2):282-6
references: 17303248
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Mar 18;406(3):359-65
references: 21329662
references: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2009 Jun;29(6):1121-9
references: 19337275
references: Neuroscience. 2004;129(2):337-47
references: 15501591
references: J Neurosci Methods. 2008 Mar 30;169(1):93-9
references: 18178255
references: Trends Neurosci. 2007 Sep;30(9):464-72
references: 17765329
references: J Neurosci. 2001 Aug 15;21(16):6147-58
references: 11487638
references: J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2010 May 01;4(3):694-705
references: 20513337
references: Cardiovasc Psychiatry Neurol. 2010;2010:929712
references: 21076683
references: Metab Brain Dis. 2009 Dec;24(4):643-57
references: 19821018
references: Behav Brain Res. 2008 Jul 19;190(2):206-11
references: 18395808
references: Nutrition. 2011 Jan;27(1):3-20
references: 21035308
references: Metab Brain Dis. 2011 Dec;26(4):269-79
references: 21892662
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Jul 13;358(4):961-7
references: 17524360
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Nov 9;96(23):13427-31
references: 10557337
references: Physiol Rev. 2006 Jul;86(3):1009-31
references: 16816144
references: Neurochem Res. 2009 Dec;34(12):2067-77
references: 19856206
references: J Neurosci Res. 2002 Jan 1;67(1):11-20
references: 11754076
references: Alzheimers Dement. 2007 Apr;3(2):98-108
references: 18379636
references: Brain Res. 2011 Nov 24;1425:111-22
references: 22035567
references: J Cell Biol. 2008 Oct 20;183(2):213-21
references: 18852301
references: Brain Res. 2004 Sep 3;1019(1-2):84-96
references: 15306242
references: Brain Res Rev. 2010 May;63(1-2):83-92
references: 19948188
references: J Neurosci Res. 2001 Dec 1;66(5):972-80
references: 11746426
references: Neurosci Lett. 2011 Apr 25;494(2):150-4
references: 21385602
references: Hypertension. 2003 Oct;42(4):851-7
references: 12913057
references: Glia. 2002 Apr 15;38(2):115-25
references: 11948805
references: Neurochem Int. 2001 Jan;38(1):17-23
references: 10913684
references: Life Sci. 2012 Dec 17;91(25-26):1309-16
references: 23069581
references: Brain Res Bull. 2006 Dec 11;71(1-3):155-9
references: 17113941
references: Brain Res. 2011 Nov 3;1421:1-10
references: 21974860
references: Behav Brain Res. 2010 Apr 2;208(2):545-52
references: 20064565
references: Neurotox Res. 2009 Jul;16(1):30-41
references: 19526296
references: J Neurosci. 2006 Aug 30;26(35):8881-91
references: 16943543
references: Am J Physiol. 1984 Jun;246(6 Pt 1):E471-5
references: 6377909
references: Brain Res. 2008 Jan 10;1188:182-8
references: 18021756
references: Endocrinology. 1994 Nov;135(5):1928-33
references: 7956913
references: Exp Physiol. 2009 Oct;94(10):1062-9
references: 19666694
references: Trends Neurosci. 2009 May;32(5):283-90
references: 19349082
references: Stroke. 2004 Apr;35(4):992-7
references: 14988579
references: Science. 2002 Mar 22;295(5563):2282-5
references: 11910117
references: Biochem Soc Trans. 2007 Nov;35(Pt 5):1119-21
references: 17956292
references: Brain Res Rev. 2010 May;63(1-2):93-102
references: 19896978
references: Neurosci Lett. 2005 Oct 7;386(3):160-4
references: 16024173
references: Endocrinology. 2002 Feb;143(2):636-46
references: 11796520
references: Trends Neurosci. 2002 Jun;25(6):295-301
references: 12086747
references: Neurochem Res. 2000 Oct;25(9-10):1439-51
references: 11059815
references: Neurochem Int. 2005 Jun;46(8):635-40
references: 15863241
references: Neurosci Lett. 2011 Sep 26;503(1):15-9
references: 21843601
references: Clin Biochem. 2008 Jul;41(10-11):755-63
references: 18454941
references: Mech Ageing Dev. 2004 Jul;125(7):475-81
references: 15246742
references: Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(24):2564-71
references: 17979709