title: Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Ethanolic Extract from Synadenium umbellatum Pax. (Euphorbiaceae) Leaves and Its Fractions.
abstract: Synadenium umbellatum Pax., popularly known in Brazil as "cola-nota," "avelós," "cancerola," and "milagrosa", is a plant species used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, pain, and several diseases. This study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic extract from Synadenium umbellatum Pax. leaves (EES) and its hexane (HF), chloroform (CF), and methanol/water (MF) fractions using the acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test, formalin-induced paw licking test, tail flick test, croton oil-induced ear edema test, and carrageenan-induced peritonitis test. EES and MF reduced the number of acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes, while CF and HF did not. EES effect on acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing was reversed with a pretreatment with naloxone. EES reduced licking time in both phases of the formalin-induced paw licking test, but did not prolong the latency in the tail flick test. These results show that EES presented antinociceptive activity, probably involving the opioid system, anti-inflammatory activity in the croton oil-induced ear edema test, and leukocyte migration into the intraperitoneal cavity. MF also presented anti-inflammatory activity in the croton oil-induced ear edema test. In conclusion, EES and MF have antinociceptive activity involving the opioid system and anti-inflammatory activity.
authors: Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Avenida Universitária com 1a Avenida, Quadra 62, 2 Andar, Sala 36, 74605-220 Goiânia, GO, Brazil ; Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMETRO), Avenida Nossa Senhora das Graças, 50 Xerém, Duque de Caxias, 25250-020 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Borges
authors: Marcus Vinícius Mariano
authors: MV
authors: Nascimento
authors: Adryano Augustto Valladão
authors: AA
authors: de Carvalho
authors: Marize Campos
authors: MC
authors: Valadares
authors: José Realino
authors: JR
authors: de Paula
authors: Elson Alves
authors: EA
authors: Costa
authors: Luiz Carlos
authors: LC
authors: da Cunha
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