title: Overexpression of a BAHD acyltransferase, OsAt10, alters rice cell wall hydroxycinnamic acid content and saccharification.
abstract: Grass cell wall properties influence food, feed, and biofuel feedstock usage efficiency. The glucuronoarabinoxylan of grass cell walls is esterified with the phenylpropanoid-derived hydroxycinnamic acids ferulic acid (FA) and para-coumaric acid (p-CA). Feruloyl esters undergo oxidative coupling with neighboring phenylpropanoids on glucuronoarabinoxylan and lignin. Examination of rice (Oryza sativa) mutants in a grass-expanded and -diverged clade of BAHD acyl-coenzyme A-utilizing transferases identified four mutants with altered cell wall FA or p-CA contents. Here, we report on the effects of overexpressing one of these genes, OsAt10 (LOC_Os06g39390), in rice. An activation-tagged line, OsAT10-D1, shows a 60% reduction in matrix polysaccharide-bound FA and an approximately 300% increase in p-CA in young leaf tissue but no discernible phenotypic alterations in vegetative development, lignin content, or lignin composition. Two additional independent OsAt10 overexpression lines show similar changes in FA and p-CA content. Cell wall fractionation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry experiments isolate the cell wall alterations in the mutant to ester conjugates of a five-carbon sugar with p-CA and FA. These results suggest that OsAT10 is a p-coumaroyl coenzyme A transferase involved in glucuronoarabinoxylan modification. Biomass from OsAT10-D1 exhibits a 20% to 40% increase in saccharification yield depending on the assay. Thus, OsAt10 is an attractive target for improving grass cell wall quality for fuel and animal feed.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA. lbartley@ou.edu
authors: Laura E
authors: LE
authors: Bartley
authors: Matthew L
authors: ML
authors: Peck
authors: Sung-Ryul
authors: SR
authors: Kim
authors: Berit
authors: B
authors: Ebert
authors: Chithra
authors: C
authors: Manisseri
authors: Dawn M
authors: DM
authors: Chiniquy
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Sykes
authors: Lingfang
authors: L
authors: Gao
authors: Carsten
authors: C
authors: Rautengarten
authors: Miguel E
authors: ME
authors: Vega-Sánchez
authors: Peter I
authors: PI
authors: Benke
authors: Patrick E
authors: PE
authors: Canlas
authors: Peijian
authors: P
authors: Cao
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Brewer
authors: Fan
authors: F
authors: Lin
authors: Whitney L
authors: WL
authors: Smith
authors: Xiaohan
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Jay D
authors: JD
authors: Keasling
authors: Rolf E
authors: RE
authors: Jentoff
authors: Steven B
authors: SB
authors: Foster
authors: Jizhong
authors: J
authors: Zhou
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Ziebell
authors: Gynheung
authors: G
authors: An
authors: Henrik V
authors: HV
authors: Scheller
authors: Pamela C
authors: PC
authors: Ronald
mesh_terms: D000102:Acetyl-CoA C-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000201:enzymology*; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005820:Genetic Testing; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D040582:Inheritance Patterns / Q000235:genetics; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D012275:Oryza / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D010407:Penicillium / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012995:Solubility; D014269:Trifluoroacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003373:Coumaric Acids; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D010940:Plant Proteins; C036483:T-DNA; D008031:Lignin; D014269:Trifluoroacetic Acid; D000217:Acyltransferases; D000102:Acetyl-CoA C-Acyltransferase; D005947:Glucose
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