title: Synthetic B- and T-cell epitope peptides of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with Gp96 as adjuvant induced humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
abstract: Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) has recently caused huge economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Commercial vaccines, including inactivated vaccines and attenuated live vaccines, are available but fail to provide sustainable protection, especially against genetically heterologous strains. Thus several approaches have been used to develop more effective PRRSV vaccines and/or immune modulators to accelerate and magnify immune responses to PRRSV vaccines. Heat shock protein Gp96 is one such modulator that enhances both the innate and adaptive immune responses. In the present study, two B-cell epitopes and seven T-cell epitopes from PRRSV and a Pan DR T-helper cell epitope were synthesized and mixed with the N-terminal 22-355 aa of Gp96 (Gp96N) as an adjuvant, and immune responses were evaluated. Our results show that Gp96N activated PRRSV-specific humoral immune responses elicited by BCE-peptides and promoted the PRRSV-specific cellular immunity induced by TCE-peptides. Moreover, higher levels of IL-12 and TNF-α and lower levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were observed in the serum of Gp96N-vaccinated piglets compared to piglets immunized with no Gp96N, displaying a predominant Th1 type of immune response induced by Gp96N. Following challenge with the virulent HP-PRRSV isolate JXwn06, piglets vaccinated with the mixture of peptides and Gp96N presented with milder clinical symptoms, lower viremia, and less pathological lesions in their lungs, however, this vaccine could not provide lasting and effective protection against HP-PRRSV infection. These data provide important bases for the development of PRRSV epitope-based synthetic peptide vaccines combined with Gp96N as attractive immunomodulators in swine.
authors: Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors: Caiwei
authors: C
authors: Chen
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Yuhai
authors: Y
authors: Bi
authors: Limin
authors: L
authors: Yang
authors: Shanshan
authors: S
authors: Meng
authors: Yuancheng
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Xiaojuan
authors: X
authors: Jia
authors: Songdong
authors: S
authors: Meng
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Sun
authors: Wenjun
authors: W
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000276:immunology*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines