title: Changes in depression, anxiety and hopelessness symptoms during family- and community-oriented intervention for help-seeking adolescents and adolescents at risk of psychosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about how symptoms are changed in adolescents who receive treatment in an early detection and intervention service.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of the present research were to study change in depression, anxiety and hopelessness symptoms in a sample of help-seeking adolescents who participated in a community- and family-oriented early intervention programme.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data was collected in Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH), Finland, by the JERI (Jorvi Early psychosis Recognition and Intervention) early intervention team; 85 help-seeking adolescents filled questionnaires of anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depression (Beck Depression Inventory II) and hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale). The PROD screen was used to assess risk of psychosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Paired samples t-test of anxiety, depression and hopelessness showed statistically significant improvement on all scales (P < 0.001) in all participants (n = 85) between baseline and the end of intervention. Improvement was significant on scales of anxiety (P = 0.004), depression (P < 0.001) and hopelessness (P < 0.001) for participants at risk of psychosis (n = 34). Effect sizes were from medium to large for changes. After the treatment, of all participants, 68.8% were at a remission level of symptoms in anxiety, 84.7% in symptoms of depression and 88.2% in symptoms of hopelessness. Of sub-group of participants at risk of psychosis, 58.8% were at a remission level of symptoms in anxiety, 76.4% in symptoms of depression and 79.4% in symptoms of hopelessness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Present results suggest that there is both statistically and clinically remarkable improvement in anxiety, depression and hopelessness symptoms after the intervention. These findings should be considered in the psychiatric care of help-seeking adolescents and adolescents at risk of psychosis.
authors: Helsinki University Central Hospital, Jorvi Hospital, Department of Psychiatry , Turuntie 150, 02740 Espoo , Finland.
authors: Niklas
authors: N
authors: Granö
authors: Marjaana
authors: M
authors: Karjalainen
authors: Virve
authors: V
authors: Edlund
authors: Erkki
authors: E
authors: Saari
authors: Arja
authors: A
authors: Itkonen
authors: Jukka
authors: J
authors: Anto
authors: Mikko
authors: M
authors: Roine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult