title: Direct determination of danofloxacin and flumequine in milk by use of fluorescence spectrometry in combination with partial least-squares calibration.
abstract: A new method for the simultaneous determination of danofloxacin and flumequine in milk samples was developed by using the nonlinear variable-angle synchronous fluorescence technique to acquire data and a partial least-squares chemometric algorithm to process them. A calibration set of standard samples was designed by combination of a factorial design with two levels per factor and a central star design. Whey was used as the third component of the calibration matrix. In order to assess the goodness of the proposed method, a prediction set of 11 synthetic samples was analyzed, obtaining recovery percentages between 96.1% and 104.0%. Limits of detection, calculated by means of a new criterion, were 0.90 and 12.4 ng mL(-1) for danofloxacin and flumequine, respectively. Finally, the simultaneous determination of both fluoroquinoles in milk samples containing the analytes was successfully carried out, obtaining an average recovery percentage of 99.3 ± 4.4 for danofloxacin and 100.7 ± 4.4.
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Murillo Pulgarín
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Alañón Molina
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Boras
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D002138:Calibration; D002417:Cattle; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; C068581:danofloxacin; C012976:flumequine