title: Specific nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins can promote the location of chromosomes to and from the nuclear periphery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Different cell types have distinctive patterns of chromosome positioning in the nucleus. Although ectopic affinity-tethering of specific loci can be used to relocate chromosomes to the nuclear periphery, endogenous nuclear envelope proteins that control such a mechanism in mammalian cells have yet to be widely identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To search for such proteins, 23 nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins were screened for their ability to promote peripheral localization of human chromosomes in HT1080 fibroblasts. Five of these proteins had strong effects on chromosome 5, but individual proteins affected different subsets of chromosomes. The repositioning effects were reversible and the proteins with effects all exhibited highly tissue-restricted patterns of expression. Depletion of two nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins that were preferentially expressed in liver each reduced the normal peripheral positioning of chromosome 5 in liver cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The discovery of nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins that can modulate chromosome position and have restricted patterns of expression may enable dissection of the functional relevance of tissue-specific patterns of radial chromosome positioning.
authors: Nikolaj
authors: N
authors: Zuleger
authors: Shelagh
authors: S
authors: Boyle
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Kelly
authors: Jose I
authors: JI
authors: de las Heras
authors: Vassiliki
authors: V
authors: Lazou
authors: Nadia
authors: N
authors: Korfali
authors: Dzmitry G
authors: DG
authors: Batrakou
authors: K Natalie
authors: KN
authors: Randles
authors: Glenn E
authors: GE
authors: Morris
authors: David J
authors: DJ
authors: Harrison
authors: Wendy A
authors: WA
authors: Bickmore
authors: Eric C
authors: EC
authors: Schirmer
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D045584:Chromosome Positioning; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000378:metabolism; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009928:Organ Specificity
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins