title: No effect of adjunctive, repeated dose intranasal insulin treatment on body metabolism in patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the effect of adjunctive intranasal insulin therapy on body metabolism in patients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each subject had a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and had been on stable dose of antipsychotic agent for at least one month. In an 8-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, subjects received either intranasal insulin (40 IU 4 times per day) or placebo. The whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to assess body composition. Lipid particles were assessed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. All assessments were conducted at baseline, and repeated at week 8.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total number of 39 subjects completed the study (18 in the insulin group, 21 in the placebo group). There were no significant differences between the two groups in week 8 changes for body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, as well as various measures of lipid particles (p's>0.100). The DXA assessment showed no significant differences between the two groups in week 8 changes for fat mass, lean mass or total mass (p's>0.100).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, adjunctive therapy of intranasal insulin did not seem to improve body metabolism in patients with schizophrenia. The implications for future studies were discussed.
authors: Psychotic Disorders Program, UMass Memorial Medical Center/University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Emily
authors: E
authors: Liu
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Copeland
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Freudenreich
authors: Donald C
authors: DC
authors: Goff
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Henderson
authors: Xueqin
authors: X
authors: Song
authors: Xiaoduo
authors: X
authors: Fan
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D000077152:Olanzapine; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000077152:Olanzapine