title: Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in intracerebral hemorrhage-induced inflammation and injury.
abstract: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common type of fatal stroke, accounting for about 15% to 20% of all strokes. Hemorrhagic strokes are associated with high mortality and morbidity, and increasing evidence shows that innate immune responses and inflammatory injury play a critical role in ICH-induced neurological deficits. However, the signaling pathways involved in ICH-induced inflammatory responses remain elusive. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) belongs to a large family of pattern recognition receptors that play a key role in innate immunity and inflammatory responses. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning the involvement of TLR4 signaling in ICH-induced inflammation and brain injury. We discuss the key mechanisms associated with TLR4 signaling in ICH and explore the potential for therapeutic intervention by targeting TLR4 signaling.
authors: Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Xinqiao Zhengjie No,183, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400037, China.
authors: Huang
authors: H
authors: Fang
authors: Peng-Fei
authors: PF
authors: Wang
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Yan-Chun
authors: YC
authors: Wang
authors: Qing-Wu
authors: QW
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4