title: Pathophysiology of mood disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is accumulating evidence that the limbic system is pathologically involved in cases of psychiatric comorbidities in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients. Our objective was to develop a conceptual framework describing how neuropathological, neurochemical and electrophysiological aspects might contribute to the development of psychiatric symptoms in TLE and the putative neurobiological mechanisms that cause mood disorders in this patient subgroup.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this review, clinical, experimental and neuropathological findings, as well as neurochemical features of the limbic system were examined together to enhance our understanding of the association between TLE and psychiatric comorbidities. Finally, the value of animal models in epilepsy and mood disorders was discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TLE and psychiatric symptoms coexist more frequently than chance would predict. Alterations and neurotransmission disturbance among critical anatomical networks, and impaired or aberrant plastic changes might predispose patients with TLE to mood disorders. Clinical and experimental studies of the effects of seizures on behavior and electrophysiological patterns may offer a model of how limbic seizures increase the vulnerability of TLE patients to precipitants of psychiatric symptoms.
authors: Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. ludykandra@gmail.com
authors: Ludmyla
authors: L
authors: Kandratavicius
authors: Rafael Naime
authors: RN
authors: Ruggiero
authors: Jaime Eduardo
authors: JE
authors: Hallak
authors: Norberto
authors: N
authors: Garcia-Cairasco
authors: João Pereira
authors: JP
authors: Leite
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D023421:Models, Animal; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D013405:Suicide
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents