title: Effects of two different training programs with same workload on throwing velocity by experienced water polo players.
abstract: To investigate the effects of two different strength-training programs with the same workload (impulse) on throwing velocity in water polo, 30 water polo players (M age = 17.1 yr., SD = 4.9; M mass = 71.2 kg, SD = 14.7; M height = 1.75 m, SD = 0.09 m) were randomly divided in two groups based upon throwing performance with water polo ball. The medicine-ball training group performed 3 x 6 reps with a 3-kg medicine ball, while the combination training group completed 1 x 9 repetitions with the 3-kg medicine ball, followed by 3 x 14 repetitions with a water polo ball. Both groups trained eight weeks twice per week in addition to their regular water polo training. Throwing velocity was measured with a Doppler radar gun before and after the training period. Testing included throws with a water polo ball on land and in water, as well as with 1-kg and 3-kg medicine balls on land. Statistically significant increases were found in mean peak throwing velocity with the water polo, 1-kg, and 3-kg medicine balls after training. No differences between the groups were found, except in throwing velocity with water polo on land, with a statistically significantly larger increase for the combination training group (+7.6%) than the medicine-ball training group (+3.4%). These findings indicate that after training with the same workload (impulse), increases in throwing velocity in water polo are similar and suggesting workload may be a critical variable for training results.
authors: Research Centre in Sports, Health, and Human Development University of Beira Interior, Portugal.
authors: Mário C
authors: MC
authors: Marques
authors: Silvério M
authors: SM
authors: Liberal
authors: Aldo M
authors: AM
authors: Costa
authors: Roland
authors: R
authors: van den Tillaar
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Sánchez-Medina
authors: Júlio C
authors: JC
authors: Martins
authors: Daniel A
authors: DA
authors: Marinho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D056352:Athletes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult