title: Biomass burning in eastern Europe during spring 2006 caused high deposition of ammonium in northern Fennoscandia.
abstract: High air concentrations of ammonium were detected at low and high altitude sites in Sweden, Finland and Norway during the spring 2006, coinciding with polluted air from biomass burning in eastern Europe passing over central and northern Fennoscandia. Unusually high values for throughfall deposition of ammonium were detected at one low altitude site and several high altitude sites in north Sweden. The occurrence of the high ammonium in throughfall differed between the summer months 2006, most likely related to the timing of precipitation events. The ammonia dry deposition may have contributed to unusual visible injuries on the tree vegetation in northern Fennoscandia that occurred during 2006, in combination with high ozone concentrations. It is concluded that long-range transport of ammonium from large-scale biomass burning may contribute substantially to the nitrogen load at northern latitudes.
authors: IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Box 53021, SE-400 14 Gothenburg, Sweden. pererik.karlsson@ivl.se
authors: Per Erik
authors: PE
authors: Karlsson
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Ferm
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Tømmervik
authors: Lars R
authors: LR
authors: Hole
authors: Gunilla
authors: G
authors: Pihl Karlsson
authors: Tuija
authors: T
authors: Ruoho-Airola
authors: Wenche
authors: W
authors: Aas
authors: Sofie
authors: S
authors: Hellsten
authors: Cecilia
authors: C
authors: Akselsson
authors: Teis Nørgaard
authors: TN
authors: Mikkelsen
authors: Bengt
authors: B
authors: Nihlgård
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018533:Biomass; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D017745:Incineration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D012537:Scandinavian and Nordic Countries
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds