title: Trends in dietary intake in Switzerland, 1999 to 2009.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess nutrition trends of the Geneva population for the period 1999-2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bus Santé Geneva study, which conducts annual health surveys in random samples of the Geneva population. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ and trends were assessed by linear regression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 9283 participants (50% women, mean age 51·5 (sd 10·8) years) were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both genders total energy intake decreased from 1999 to 2009, by 2·9% in men and by 6·3% in women (both trends P < 0·005). Vegetable protein and total carbohydrate intakes, expressed as a percentage of total energy intake, increased in women. MUFA intake increased while SFA, PUFA and alcohol intakes decreased in both genders. Intakes of Ca, Fe and carotene decreased in both genders. No changes in fibre, vitamin D and vitamin A intakes were found. Similar findings were obtained after excluding participants with extreme dietary intakes, except that the decreases in SFA, vegetable protein and carbohydrate were no longer significant in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Between 1999 and 2009, a small decrease in total energy intake was noted in the Geneva population. Although the decrease in alcohol and SFA intakes is of interest, the decrease in Ca and Fe intakes may have adverse health effects in the future.
authors: 1 Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University of Lausanne, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Daisy
authors: D
authors: Abreu
authors: 1 Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University of Lausanne, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Isabel
authors: I
authors: Cardoso
authors: 2 Unit of Population Epidemiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors: Jean-Michel
authors: JM
authors: Gaspoz
authors: 1 Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University of Lausanne, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Idris
authors: I
authors: Guessous
authors: 1 Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), University of Lausanne, Bâtiment Biopôle 2, Route de la Corniche 10, CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Marques-Vidal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D017678:Sex Distribution; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D019266:Iron, Dietary