title: Metallothionein 1A polymorphisms may influence urine uric acid and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion in chronic lead-exposed workers.
abstract: Lead is a renal toxin, and susceptibility to lead varies between individuals. Metallothionein (MT) is known for its metal scavenging role. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of blood lead levels, urinary uric acid (UA) and N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) in chronic occupational lead-exposed workers, and to study whether the association was influenced by MT1A gene polymorphisms. In this cross-sectional study, 412 lead-exposed workers participated. Their annual health examination data and renal function markers were collected after the Institutional Review Broad of Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital approved the study and consent letters were obtained. From the blood samples, DNA was extracted and used for real-time PCR typing of 2 MT1A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs11640851 and rs8052394 on exons 2 and 3. Descriptive analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regressions were performed. There was a significant inverted relationship of creatinine-adjusted urine UA concentrations and the time-weighted index of cumulative blood lead levels (TWICL) that may be significantly influenced by the AC genotypes of rs11640851 in exon 2 and rs8052394 in exon 3. After controlling for potential confounding factors, the creatinine-adjusted urine NAG concentrations were shown to be influenced by the GG genotype of rs8052394 in exon 3, and were weakly increased with TWICL. Therefore, we concluded that the variations of MT1A SNPs may influence urine UA and NAG excretion in chronic lead-exposed workers, and urine creatinine-adjusted urine UA as a biomarker of lead toxicity should be considered.
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors: Chen-Cheng
authors: CC
authors: Yang
authors: Hsin-I
authors: HI
authors: Chen
authors: Yu-Wen
authors: YW
authors: Chiu
authors: Chih-Hung
authors: CH
authors: Tsai
authors: Hung-Yi
authors: HY
authors: Chuang
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000652:urine*; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C530099:MT1A protein, human; D014527:Uric Acid; D004247:DNA; D008668:Metallothionein; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase