title: The pathogenesis of ulnar polydactyly in humans.
abstract: The pathogenesis of ulnar polydactyly in humans is not known. There are numerous syndromes that are associated with ulnar polydactyly. We have noted that the genetic defects in these syndromes lead to a disturbance of the normal balance between the two forms of the Gli3 protein (the active and repressor forms of Gli3, which are known as Gli3-A and Gli3-R, respectively), leading to a relative increase in the Gli3-R protein. We offer the hypothesis of a unified pathogenesis of ulnar polydactyly through the relative predominance of Gli3-R.
authors: Department of Surgery, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: Al-Qattan
authors: M I
authors: MI
authors: Al-Motairi
mesh_terms: D002923:Cilia / Q000235:genetics; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000196:embryology; D005385:Fingers / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000196:embryology; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017689:Polydactyly / Q000235:genetics*; D013577:Syndrome; D000074290:Zinc Finger Protein Gli3
chemical_list: C065683:GLI3 protein, human; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C509239:SHH protein, human; D000074290:Zinc Finger Protein Gli3
keywords: Pathogenesis; post-axial polydactyly; syndromes; ulnar polydactyly