title: Variations in CYP isoforms and bladder cancer: a superfamily paradigm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to examine our current understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in regulation of CYP genes to induce bladder cancer by endogenous and exogenous chemicals and to analyze the respective polymorphisms in various isoforms of xenobiotic-metabolizing gene involved in bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies revealed the molecular mechanisms of CYP genes and respective polymorphisms to demonstrate the association between xenobiotic-metabolizing gene polymorphisms and bladder cancer published from 1996 through 2012 were retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE and PUBMED databases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  22 studies met our criteria of CYP polymorphism and bladder cancer. We found that a large proportion of the published studies were small and population-based.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that large, well-designed studies of common polymorphisms in CYP genes are needed. Such studies may benefit from analysis of multiple genes or polymorphisms and from the consideration of relevant exposures.
authors: Dept. of Urology, King George Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India. Electronic address: monicasankhwar@gmail.com.
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Sankhwar
authors: Dept. of Urology, King George Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India. Electronic address: snurokgmu@rediffmail.com.
authors: S N
authors: SN
authors: Sankhwar
mesh_terms: D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D005810:Multigene Family; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology*; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D015262:Xenobiotics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
keywords: Arylamines; Bladder cancer; Cytochrome P450; Metabolizing enzymes; Polymorphism; Urinary bladder; Xenobiotics