title: BST-2/tetherin-mediated restriction of chikungunya (CHIKV) VLP budding is counteracted by CHIKV non-structural protein 1 (nsP1).
abstract: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging alphavirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Infection with CHIKV elicits a type I interferon response that facilities virus clearance, probably through the action of down-stream effectors such as antiviral IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) is an ISG shown to restrict HIV-1 replication by preventing the infection of bystander cells by tethering progeny virions on the surface of infected cells. Here we show that enrichment of cell surface BST-2 results in retention of CHIKV virus like particles (VLPs) on the cell membrane. BST-2 was found to co-localize with CHIKV structural protein E1 in the context of VLPs without any noticeable effect on BST-2 level. However, CHIKV nonstructural protein 1 (nsP1) overcomes BST-2-mediated VLPs tethering by down-regulating BST-2 expression. We conclude that BST-2 tethers CHIKV VLPs on the host cell plasma membrane and identify CHIKV nsP1 as a novel BST-2 antagonist.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors: Philip H
authors: PH
authors: Jones
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Maric
authors: Marisa N
authors: MN
authors: Madison
authors: Wendy
authors: W
authors: Maury
authors: Richard J
authors: RJ
authors: Roller
authors: Chioma M
authors: CM
authors: Okeoma
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002646:Chikungunya virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D057074:Virus Release; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; C094572:BST2 protein, human; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2