title: SET protein up-regulated testosterone production in the cultured preantral follicles.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We found previously that the expression of SET gene was up-regulated in polycystic ovaries. Evidences suggested that SET protein was essential for regulating both the promoter activity of CYP17A1 and the biological activity of P450c17. In this study, we explored whether SET regulated androgen production in preantral follicles.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mouse preantral follicles were cultured in vitro. Testosterone secretion and expression of steroidogenic enzymes were observed in the preantral follicles treated in vitro by SET overexpression and knockdown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Testosterone levels in the media of the AdCMV-SET infected follicles significantly increased, and the CYP17A1 and HSD3B2 expression also significantly increased (P < 0.05). Testosterone levels in AdSiRNA-SET infected group decreased, and so did CYP17A1 and HSD3B2 expression (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SET played a positive role in regulating ovarian androgen biosynthesis by enhancing the transcription of steroidogenic enzymes CYP17A1 and HSD3B2, which maybe contribute to the hyperandrogenism in PCOS.
authors: The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
authors: Boqun
authors: B
authors: Xu
authors: Lingling
authors: L
authors: Gao
authors: Yugui
authors: Y
authors: Cui
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Gao
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Dai
authors: Mei
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Ma
authors: Feiyang
authors: F
authors: Diao
authors: Jiayin
authors: J
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D056488:Histone Chaperones; D051379:Mice; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000378:metabolism*; D011375:Progesterone Reductase / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics; D013739:Testosterone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013799:Theca Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D056488:Histone Chaperones; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C557500:SET protein, mouse; D013739:Testosterone; C533068:3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II; D011375:Progesterone Reductase; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase