title: Penehyclidine hydrochloride preserves the intestinal barrier function in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study objective was to investigate the protective effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride on intestinal barrier function integrity and its therapeutic potential on endotoxemia and systemic inflammatory response in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass were enrolled in the study. All patients were randomly divided into the penehyclidine hydrochloride or control group (20 patients in each group). Patients in the penehyclidine hydrochloride group received an intravenous injection of 0.05 mg/kg penehyclidine hydrochloride 10 minutes before cardiopulmonary bypass, and those in the control group were given the same volume of saline. Blood samples for blood glucose, lactic acid, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, D-lactate, serum endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 measurements were collected during the following time points: immediately after anesthesia induction (T0), 10 minutes after the release of aortic-clamping (T1), immediately after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (T2), 2 hours postoperatively (T3), 6 hours postoperatively (T4), and 18 hours postoperatively (T5).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood glucose, lactic acid, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, D-lactate, lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 were significantly increased at all postoperative time points. At specific postoperative time points, blood glucose, lactic acid, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, D-lactate, lipopolysaccharide, and interleukin-6 were statistically lower in the penehyclidine hydrochloride group than in the control group. Postoperatively, interleukin-10 did not differ between the penehyclidine hydrochloride and control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Penehyclidine hydrochloride preserves intestinal barrier function integrity, attenuates endotoxemia, and inhibits systemic inflammatory response in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass, possibly by improving intestinal microcirculation and depressing stress response.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Commend, PLA, Shenyang, China.
authors: Ying-jie
authors: YJ
authors: Sun
authors: Dan-dan
authors: DD
authors: Song
authors: Yu-gang
authors: YG
authors: Diao
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Zhou
authors: Tie-zheng
authors: TZ
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D011812:Quinuclidines; C486140:penehyclidine