title: Robust face representation using hybrid spatial feature interdependence matrix.
abstract: A key issue in face recognition is to seek an effective descriptor for representing face appearance. In the context of considering the face image as a set of small facial regions, this paper presents a new face representation approach coined spatial feature interdependence matrix (SFIM). Unlike classical face descriptors which usually use a hierarchically organized or a sequentially concatenated structure to describe the spatial layout features extracted from local regions, SFIM is attributed to the exploitation of the underlying feature interdependences regarding local region pairs inside a class specific face. According to SFIM, the face image is projected onto an undirected connected graph in a manner that explicitly encodes feature interdependence-based relationships between local regions. We calculate the pair-wise interdependence strength as the weighted discrepancy between two feature sets extracted in a hybrid feature space fusing histograms of intensity, local binary pattern and oriented gradients. To achieve the goal of face recognition, our SFIM-based face descriptor is embedded in three different recognition frameworks, namely nearest neighbor search, subspace-based classification, and linear optimization-based classification. Extensive experimental results on four well-known face databases and comprehensive comparisons with the state-of-the-art results are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed SFIM-based descriptor.
authors: Intel Laboratory China, Beijing 100080, China. anbang.yao@intel.com
authors: Anbang
authors: A
authors: Yao
authors: Shan
authors: S
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001699:Biometry / Q000379:methods*; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013382:Subtraction Technique