title: [Effects of hypnosis in dental care].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hypnosis is widely used in medicine and dentistry, but many practitioners still consider it as a mysterious technique. Thus, a systematic review was conducted to assess the effects of hypnosis during dental treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was conducted on PubMed (1981-2012) to retrieve references, written in French or English, reporting controlled clinical studies that have evaluated any type of hypnosis. The quality of included studies was assessed by evaluating randomisation, blindness and drop-outs. The effects of hypnosis on anxiety, physiological parameters, patients' behaviour or pain were analysed descriptively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The electronic search retrieved 556 references. Nine studies, generally characterized by low methodological quality, were selected. Results indicated that hypnosis has significant positive effects on anxiety, pain, behaviour and physiological parameters when it is compared with no treatment. When hypnosis is compared with other psychological treatment such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), the effects on anxiety and behaviour are almost identical with an advantage for CBT. Individualized hypnosis brings more benefits than standardized hypnosis with audio recordings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review demonstrated the effectiveness of hypnosis but the poor quality of the clinical studies and the multiplicity of evaluation outcomes limit the level of evidence. It is therefore necessary to conduct further clinical studies to confirm the effects of hypnosis during dental treatments.
authors: Université d'Auvergne, faculté de chirurgie dentaire, laboratoire EA3847, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Charlène
authors: C
authors: Jugé
authors: Stéphanie
authors: S
authors: Tubert-Jeannin
mesh_terms: D001143:Arousal; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D003729:Dental Care / Q000523:psychology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006992:Hypnosis, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000523:psychology; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome