title: The angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, vitiligo and psoriasis: A meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to examine whether the insertion (I) and deletion (D) of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) polymorphism confers susceptibility to psoriasis, vitiligo and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A meta-analysis was conducted on the association between the ACE I/D polymorphisms and psoriasis, vitiligo and RA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen studies comprising five on psoriasis, five on vitiligo and five on RA were available for the meta-analysis consisting of 2094 cases and 2871 controls. Meta-analysis of the DD+ID genotype showed significant associations with psoriasis (odds ratio (OR) 0.753, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.601-0.921, p = 0.006). Meta-analysis showed no association between vitiligo and the ACE I/D polymorphism. Meta-analysis of the DD+ID genotype showed an association with RA (OR 2.199, 95% CI 1.379-3.506, p = 0.001). Ethnicity-specific meta-analysis of the D allele showed no association with psoriasis in Europeans, and vitiligo in South Asians. However, subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed a significant association between the D allele and RA in Arab populations (OR 2.697, 95% CI 1.803-4.034, p = 1.3 × 10(-5)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our meta-analysis demonstrates that the ACE I/D polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to RA, especially in Arab populations.
authors: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Gwan Gyu
authors: GG
authors: Song
authors: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sang-Cheol
authors: SC
authors: Bae
authors: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jae-Hoon
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea lyhcgh@korea.ac.kr.
authors: Young Ho
authors: YH
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: Angiotensin-converting enzyme; meta-analysis; polymorphism; psoriasis; rheumatoid arthritis; vitiligo