title: Tubo-ovarian dysplasia in relationship with ovulation induction in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess tubo-ovarian dysplasia via morphologic and immunohistochemical study of rats exposed to ovulation stimulation protocols.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic research hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  72 female Wistar rats divided into three groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stimulation protocols using follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or clomiphene citrate for 3, 6, or 12 cycles, after which the animals were killed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ovarian and tubal dysplasia score and immunohistochemical assessment using p53 and Ki67.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ovarian dysplasia score was statistically significantly higher after 12 stimulation cycles in the groups receiving FSH (group B) or clomiphene citrate (group C) compared with control (group A). The tubal dysplasia score was statistically significantly increased after only three stimulation cycles in groups B and C. The Ki67 proliferation marker was statistically significantly expressed in the ovaries from group C, and in the fallopian tubes from groups B and C. P53 was constantly low in all three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ovulation stimulation may induce tubal and ovarian histopathologic and immunohistochemical abnormalities with a dose effect. The role of the fallopian tubes and their interaction with the ovaries require further study.
authors: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, CHU Nord, St. Etienne, France.
authors: Claude Régis
authors: CR
authors: Lacoste
authors: Alix
authors: A
authors: Clemenson
authors: Suzanne
authors: S
authors: Lima
authors: Romain
authors: R
authors: Lecointre
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Peoc'h
authors: Gautier
authors: G
authors: Chene
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000633:toxicity; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000633:toxicity; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000633:toxicity; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D002996:Clomiphene; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone