title: Effects of glyphosate on cholinesterase activity of the mussel Perna perna and the fish Danio rerio and Jenynsia multidentata: in vitro studies.
abstract: Although the herbicide glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] is not classified as an acethylcholinesterase inhibitor, some studies have reported reduction in the acethylcolinesterase activity after in vivo exposure to both its pure form and its commercial formulations. Considering this controversy, the objective of the present study was to investigate, in vitro, the effects of glyphosate exposure on cholinesterase activity of the brown mussel Perna perna and of two fish species: zebrafish Danio rerio and onesided livebearer Jenynsia multidentata. For this purpose, samples of different tissues (brain and muscle for fish; gills and muscle for mussel) were homogenized and pre-incubated with different glyphosate concentrations before cholinesterase activity determination. Results demonstrated that cholinesterase from different fractions of all species tested was inhibited by glyphosate. The concentrations of glyphosate that inhibits 50% of cholinesterase activity (IC50) ranged from 0.62 mM for P. perna muscle to 8.43 mM for J. multidentata brain. According to this, cholinesterase from mussel seems to be more sensitive to glyphosate exposure than those from the fish D. rerio and J. multidentata.
authors: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. juzomer@pq.cnpq.br
authors: Juliana Zomer
authors: JZ
authors: Sandrini
authors: Regina Coimbra
authors: RC
authors: Rola
authors: Fernanda Moreira
authors: FM
authors: Lopes
authors: Hermeson Francisco
authors: HF
authors: Buffon
authors: Milene Marques
authors: MM
authors: Freitas
authors: Camila de Martinez Gaspar
authors: Cde M
authors: Martins
authors: Carlos Eduardo
authors: CE
authors: da Rosa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000378:metabolism*; D003532:Cyprinodontiformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D006540:Herbicides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D049883:Perna / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D002802:Cholinesterases; D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000097797:Glyphosate