title: CD44/CD24 immunophenotypes on clinicopathologic features of salivary glands malignant neoplasms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Salivary glands malignant neoplasms (SGMNs) account for 3-6% of head and neck cancers and 0.3% of all cancers. Tumor cells that express CD44 and CD24 exhibit a stem-cell-like behavior. CD44 is the binding site for hyaluronic acid, and CD24 is a receptor that interacts with P-selectin to induce metastasis and tumor progression. The present study aims to evaluate the expression of CD44 and CD24 on SGMNs and correlated these data with several clinicopathologic features.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical stains for CD44 and CD24 were performed on tissue microarrays containing SGMN samples from 69 patients. The CD44, CD24 and CD44/CD24 expression phenotypes were correlated to patient clinicopathologic features and outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD44 expression was associated with the primary site of neoplasm (p = 0.046). CD24 was associated with clinical stage III/IV (p = 0.008), T stage (p = 0,27) and lymph node (p = 0,001). The CD44/CD24 profiles were associated with the primary site of injury (p = 0.005), lymph node (p = 0.011) and T stage (p = 0.023). Univariate analysis showed a significant relationship between clinical staging and disease- free survival (p = 0.009), and the overall survival presents relation with male gender (p = 0.011) and metastasis (p = 0.027).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, our investigation confirms that the clinical stage, in accordance with the literature, is the main prognostic factor for SGMN. Additionally, we have presented some evidence that the analysis of isolated CD44 and CD24 immunoexpression or the two combined markers could give prognostic information associated to clinicopathologic features in SGMN.
  The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1284611098470676.
authors: Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes; Number: 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil.
authors: Danilo Figueiredo
authors: DF
authors: Soave
authors: João Paulo
authors: JP
authors: Oliveira da Costa
authors: Giorgia Gobbi
authors: GG
authors: da Silveira
authors: Renata Carolina Fraga
authors: RC
authors: Ianez
authors: Lucinei Roberto
authors: LR
authors: de Oliveira
authors: Silvia Vanessa
authors: SV
authors: Lourenço
authors: Alfredo
authors: A
authors: Ribeiro-Silva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D051927:CD24 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000032:analysis*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051927:CD24 Antigen; C497889:CD24 protein, human; C497483:CD44 protein, human; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors