title: Involvement of melanocortin receptor accessory proteins (MRAPs) in the function of melanocortin receptors.
abstract: The melanocortin system integrates different agonists, competitive or inverse agonists, and receptors. Recent investigations have also discovered a specific system of melanocortin receptor accessory proteins (MRAPs) that are involved in the regulation of the functional expression of these receptors. MRAP1 mutations are responsible for type 2 familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD2), a rare autosomal disorder characterized by high plasma adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) levels but severe cortisol deficiency. ACTH binds melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R), a G protein-coupled receptor, in the adrenal gland to promote corticosteroid synthesis. In the absence of MRAP1, MC2R cannot translocate from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane and ACTH-induced signaling is extinguished. A second MRAP protein, called MRAP2, also modulates MC2R activity. MRAPs also interact with the other melanocortin receptors, adjusting their pharmacological properties. In this paper, we briefly review the MRAP system and its interaction with melanocortin receptors.
authors: Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), 12595 Torre de la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain. cerdarev@iats.csic.es
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Cerdá-Reverter
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Agulleiro
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Cortés
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Sánchez
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Guillot
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Leal
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Fernández-Durán
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Puchol
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Eley
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D044102:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D044103:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D044101:Receptors, Melanocortin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C458099:MRAP protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D044102:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1; D044103:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 2; D044101:Receptors, Melanocortin; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone