title: Molecular cloning and characterization of GbDXS and GbGGPPS gene promoters  from Ginkgo biloba.
abstract: Ginkgolides are key pharmaceutical components in Ginkgo  biloba leaves. 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (GbDXS) and  geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GbGGPPS) genes are critical genes involved  in ginkgolide biosynthesis. In this study, the promoters of GbDXS and GGPPS,  with 676 and 570 bp in length, respectively, were cloned by chromosome walking.  The cis-elements of GbDXS and GbGGPPS promoters were predicted  and analyzed by the plant cis-acting regulatory element (CARE) database. We  found some major cis-elements in the sequence of GbDXS and GbGGPPS promoters.  The GbDXS promoter has 3 TATA boxes, 10 CAAT boxes, 6 GATA boxes, and 1  I box. The GbGGPPS promoter has 1 TATA box, 6 CAAT boxes, 6 GATA boxes,  and 4 I boxes. Furthermore, some stress-related cis-elements in the promoters  of GbDXS and GbGGPPS were found to be light-regulated elements,  including sequences over-represented in light-induced promoters (SORLIP1- AT),  GATA box, and I box, a gibberellin-responsive element (WRKY), salicylic  acid-induced (GT-1), cold- and dehydration-responsive (MYC-Core), and  copper-inducible (CURE-Core). Further analyses of these cis-elements will aid  in elucidating the molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of the GbDXS and GbGGPPS genes during ginkgolide accumulation in G. biloba.
authors: College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Xu
authors: X H
authors: XH
authors: Huang
authors: L L
authors: LL
authors: Li
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Deng
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Cheng
authors: X F
authors: XF
authors: Rong
authors: J B
authors: JB
authors: Li
authors: S Y
authors: SY
authors: Cheng
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular / Q000379:methods; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017343:Genes, Plant; D020441:Ginkgo biloba / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D046934:Ginkgolides / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011106:Polyisoprenyl Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016385:TATA Box / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D014166:Transferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C077926:GT-1 transcription factor; D046934:Ginkgolides; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011106:Polyisoprenyl Phosphates; D014157:Transcription Factors; C099131:gibberellin-binding phosphoprotein, plant; D014166:Transferases; C109461:deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase; C002963:geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate