title: Evolutionary analysis of the short-type  peptidoglycan-recognition protein gene (PGLYRP1) in primates.
abstract: Short-type peptidoglycan (PGN)-recognition protein 1  (PGLYRP1), an innate immunity protein that directly breaks down the structure  of microbial cell wall PGNs, plays an important role both in antibacterial  defenses and several inflammatory diseases. To explore the adaptive evolution  of the PGLYRP1 gene in primates and provide insight into the function of  this antibacterial protein, we sequenced the entire PGLYRP1 gene from Macaca  thibetana and Rhinopithecus roxellana, identified the corresponding  sequences from the draft genome of 8 other primates, including humans, and  conducted related statistical analyses. Homology analysis showed that the  identity of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of PGLYRP1 among  10 primates ranged from 82.0 to 99.0% and 74.5 to 98.5%, respectively. The R  value (transition/transversion) and disparity index per site also presented  relatively low-base composition biases. Selective pressure analysis for the PGLYRP1 sequences among major primates revealed that both the whole gene and the  substructure of PGLYRP1 are under strong purifying selection at similar  levels of selective pressure among 6 major primate lineages (human, great ape,  lesser ape, Old World monkey, New World monkey, and prosimian monkey). Using  the Bayes empirical Bayes procedure, we also detected 2 positively selected  codons (121L and 141T sites) that are independent of PGN-binding and  PGLYRP-specific regions, implying 2 potential key sites for the functional  effect of the PGLYRP1 protein. These results demonstrated that PGLYRP1 was  highly conserved at the molecular level and subjected to strong functional  constraints during primate evolution.
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Liu
authors: Y F
authors: YF
authors: Yao
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Zhou
authors: Q Y
authors: QY
authors: Ni
authors: H L
authors: HL
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002520:Cercopithecidae / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D008251:Macaca / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000235:genetics*; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: D010457:Peptidoglycan