title: Use of noninsulin antidiabetic medications in hospitalized patients.
abstract: Noninsulin antidiabetic medications coupled with diet and exercise are effective in managing most patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it is essential to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the home antidiabetic medication regimen when the patient is hospitalized. Prescribers need to be aware of the mechanism of action of each class, contraindications, precautions, and adverse effects to formulate a safe and effective management plan. This article details the different classes of noninsulin antidiabetic medications, the mechanism of action, metabolism, elimination, dose form, usual and maximum doses, contraindications, precautions, common adverse reactions, and implications for use in the hospitalized patient.
authors: The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. casiska@mdanderson.org
authors: Cori
authors: C
authors: Kopecky
mesh_terms: D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001645:Biguanides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001971:Bromocriptine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000451:nursing; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054795:Incretins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide / Q000819:agonists; D008687:Metformin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D001645:Biguanides; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D054795:Incretins; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D001971:Bromocriptine; C030516:meglitinide; D008687:Metformin