title: Effect of classic and atypical neuroleptics on cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) in rat liver.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) subfamily is involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics (e.g., drugs) and endogenous substances (e.g., steroids). The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of classic and atypical neuroleptics on the level and activity of CYP3A in rat liver, measured as a rate of testosterone 2β- and 6β-hydroxylation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The reactions were studied in control liver microsomes in the presence of neuroleptics, as well as in the microsomes of rats treated intraperitoneally (ip) with pharmacological doses of the drugs (promazine and thioridazine 10 mg/kg; chlorpromazine 3 mg/kg; haloperidol 0.3 mg/kg; risperidone 0.1 mg/kg; sertindole 0.05 mg/kg) for one day or two weeks (twice a day), in the absence of the neuroleptics in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The investigated neuroleptics added in vitro to control liver microsomes produced a moderate or week inhibitory effects on CYP3A activity. After one-day exposure of rats to neuroleptics, only chlorpromazine significantly increased the activity of CYP3A. Chronic treatment of rats with thioridazine diminished the protein level and activity of CYP3A, while risperidone induced this enzyme.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed changes in the CYP3A expression after prolonged exposition to neuroleptics suggest their influence on the enzyme regulation.
authors: Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Science, Smętna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland. wojcikow@if-pan.krakow.pl
authors: Jacek
authors: J
authors: Wójcikowski
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Haduch
authors: Władysława A
authors: WA
authors: Daniel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D065692:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006900:Hydroxylation; D006915:Hydroxytestosterones / Q000378:metabolism; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D065692:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006915:Hydroxytestosterones; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D013739:Testosterone; C025591:6 beta-hydroxytestosterone; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; C465260:Cyp3a2 protein, rat; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; C022657:steroid hormone 6-beta-hydroxylase