title: SV40 virus-like particles as an effective delivery system and its application to a vaccine carrier.
abstract: The authors have purified a major capsid protein, VP1 of Simian virus 40 (SV40), using recombinant baculovirus and have established the method of in vitro reassembly of SV40 virus-like particles (SV40-VLPs) from VP1-pentamers. In this reassembly, SV40-VLPs can encapsulate approximately 5 kb exogenous DNA shielded by histone or foreign proteins fused to minor capsid proteins VP2/3 and effectively deliver them into mammalian cells. Insertion of a particular foreign peptide into the surface loops of VP1 provides SV40-VLPs with the ability of cell targeting. Furthermore, SV40-VLPs appear to stimulate innate immunity as a natural adjuvant. Given these characteristics, SV40-VLPs may be a promising vaccine carrier to deliver heterologous antigens for the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes without artificial adjuvants. In this review, the authors describe how SV40-VLPs have been developed and engineered, and discuss their potential benefits and challenges as a cytotoxic T lymphocyte-based vaccine platform.
authors: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-cho, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.
authors: Masaaki
authors: M
authors: Kawano
authors: Masanori
authors: M
authors: Matsui
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Handa
mesh_terms: D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D013539:Simian virus 40 / Q000235:genetics*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D058425:Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D004337:Drug Carriers; C062481:VP1 protein, polyomavirus; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D058425:Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle