title: The TNFRs OX40, 4-1BB, and CD40 as targets for cancer immunotherapy.
abstract: T cell-mediated rejection of tumors requires signals from the T cell receptor and co-stimulatory molecules to license effector functions of tumor-antigen specific T cells. There is also an array of immune suppressive mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment that can suppress anti-tumor immunity. The use of monoclonal antibodies to overcome this suppression and/or enhance tumor-antigen specific T cell responses has shown promise in clinical trials. In particular, targeting co-stimulatory members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family with agonist Abs enhances T cell function, which has led to encouraging therapeutic results in cancer-bearing hosts. These encouraging data establish TNFRs as important targets for enhancing tumor-specific immune responses in mice and man. This review will focus on agonists that target the TNFRs OX40, 4-1BB, and CD40.
authors: Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Portland Medical Center, 4805 NE Glisan St., Portland, OR 97213, USA.
authors: Amy E
authors: AE
authors: Moran
authors: Magdalena
authors: M
authors: Kovacsovics-Bankowski
authors: Andrew D
authors: AD
authors: Weinberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D053262:Receptors, OX40 / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D053261:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9 / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D019013:CD40 Antigens; D053262:Receptors, OX40; D053261:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9