title: Unexpected high prevalence of HPV 90 infection in an underserved population: is it really a low-risk genotype?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human papillomavirus 90 (HPV 90) is a rarely reported genotype worldwide, with few data available to characterize its prevalence, distribution, and disease association.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence, distribution, and disease association of HPV 90 infection in an underserved inner-city Latino population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Residual SurePath specimens were collected from 808 women referred for abnormal Papanicolaou tests. DNA microarray against HPV subtypes determined HPV genotypes, followed by confirmatory DNA sequencing assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPV 90 was detected in 32 women (4%) with an average age of 39 years (range, 23-42 years). Most women (31 of 32) had only HPV 90 infection, and one woman was coinfected with HPV 13. Two women had low-grade intraepithelial lesion and one woman had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; the rest of the women had negative concurrent cytology. Available concurrent biopsies in 2 of 3 instances with abnormal cytology confirmed HPV cytopathic effect, with no high-risk HPV detected by in situ hybridization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated an unexpected, high infection rate of HPV 90 in an underserved population in the United States, with 9.4% having concurrent cytologic abnormalities. In the absence of other detectable HPV genotypes by DNA microarray, DNA sequencing, and in situ hybridization, we suspect HPV 90 may be a causative agent responsible for the concurrent cervical lesions. Because of potential shifts in HPV infection patterns in the postvaccine era, monitoring the emergence of previously underrecognized HPV genotypes is becoming increasingly important. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to characterize HPV 90 infection in an underserved, North American population.
authors: From the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas (Drs Quiroga-Garza, Zhou, Mody, Schwartz, and Ge); and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (Drs Mody and Ge).
authors: Gabriela
authors: G
authors: Quiroga-Garza
authors: Haijun
authors: H
authors: Zhou
authors: Dina R
authors: DR
authors: Mody
authors: Mary R
authors: MR
authors: Schwartz
authors: Yimin
authors: Y
authors: Ge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D015229:Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D035862:Vulnerable Populations; D055815:Young Adult; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral