title: Morphological study of the human hyoid bone with three-dimensional CT images -Gender difference and age-related changes.
abstract: The human hyoid bone supports the base of the tongue and is involved in breathing, chewing, and swallowing as well as in the muscle movements associated with articulation. Accordingly it plays an important bone for a human to live. It is a very interesting organ also in multiple special area, including anatomy, mastication, swallowing, articulation, and also forensic medicine. In the morphological study of the human hyoid bone, there is a comparative anthropological research early in 1900, whereas the metrological research has been little reported later. We first used MDCT, and recorded each organic hyoid locus with a three-dimensional image for three-dimensional morphometry of gender differences, age-related changes, and the morphologic characters of the hyoid bone, and compared them with the results of our predecessors. By measuring the volume of the human hyoid bone, we identified gender difference at high rates, and estimated a certain level of ages based on the ossification at the junction area of the hyoid body and greater horns observed. Our results can be applied in the forensic medicine. By examining 600 cases, atypical horseshoes-shapes were found and the existence of the hyoid bone protrusion was demonstrated at high rates.
authors: Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Health Sciences, Komazawa University, Tokyo, Japan. ito-k@shinzen.jp
authors: Kyoichi
authors: K
authors: Ito
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Ando
authors: Norihiko
authors: N
authors: Akiba
authors: Yuichi
authors: Y
authors: Watanabe
authors: Yasuo
authors: Y
authors: Okuyama
authors: Hisamoto
authors: H
authors: Moriguchi
authors: Kohki
authors: K
authors: Yoshikawa
authors: Tsuneo
authors: T
authors: Takahashi
authors: Morio
authors: M
authors: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006928:Hyoid Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult