title: [Pathogen distribution and risk factors of nosocomial infections in neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the pathogen distribution and risk factors of nosocomial infections in neonates in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of 145 neonates with nosocomial infection in the NICU were retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 145 neonates, 41 (28.3%) were infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae, 39 (26.9%) with Escherichia coli, 10 (6.9%) with Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 55 (37.9%) with other pathogens. Logistic regression analysis showed that a gestational age of ≤32 weeks (OR=5.57), birth weigh of <1500 g (OR=6.95), hospitalization time (OR=1.23), mechanical ventilation (OR=14.12) and parenteral nutrition (OR=3.01) were major risk factors for nosocomial infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. The five factors were also main risk factors for nosocomial infection caused by Escherichia coli, with the OR of 3.42, 6.73, 9.96, 0.55 and 2.13 respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were highly resistant to β-lactam antibiotics but were relatively sensitive to levofloxacin and meropenem.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis are major pathogens of nosocomial infections in neonates in the NICU and they are  resistant to β-lactam antibiotics. Mechanical ventilation and hospitalization time are the most important risk factors for nosocomial infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli respectively.
authors: Department of pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China.
authors: Ling-Rong
authors: LR
authors: Yang
authors: Min-Juan
authors: MJ
authors: Peng
authors: Hua
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Pang
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000302:isolation & purification