title: Influence of dietary patterns on the risk of acute myocardial infarction in China population: the INTERHEART China study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Some dietary patterns are risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Chinese traditional food and habits vary from other cultures. The present study determined whether different dietary patterns were associated with AMI in Chinese people.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case-control study. There were 1312 cases of first AMI and 2235 control subjects who did not have previous angina, diabetes mellitus, hypertension or stroke. Controls were matched to cases on age and gender. Diet was measured with a validated, 19 item food frequency questionnaire. We identified three major dietary patterns using factor analysis: vitamin and microelement pattern (high intake of vegetables, fruits and tofu), carbohydrate pattern (high in grain), and fat and protein pattern (high in meat, fish, eggs and fried foods).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for all risk factors, the vitamin and microelement pattern was inversely associated with AMI risk (global P value, 0.0001). Compared with the first quartile, the adjusted ORs of AMI were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.66 - 1.00) for the second quartile, 0.67 (95%CI: 0.54 - 0.82) for the third, and 0.70 (95%CI: 0.56 - 0.88) for the fourth. Several dietary frequencies (serves per week) including vegetables, fruits and tofu were closely associated with decrease of AMI risk. Carbohydrate pattern showed weak relationship with AMI. We observed a U-shaped association between frequencies of fat and protein pattern and AMI risk. Excessive fat intake increased the AMI risk. The adjusted OR of AMI associated with the higher level of green vegetables was 0.37 (95%CI: 0.24 - 0.57) in women and 0.65 (95%CI: 0.51 - 0.82) in men (P value for heterogeneity, 0.0140).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unhealthy dietary intake can increase the AMI risk. Improving intake of vegetables, fruits and tofu have the potential to partially prevent the rising epidemic of cardiovascular disease in China.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China.
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Guo
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Chen
authors: Koon
authors: K
authors: Teo
authors: Li-sheng
authors: LS
authors: Liu
authors: Salim
authors: S
authors: Yusuf
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D045730:Soy Foods; D014675:Vegetables