title: Screening of transition and post-transition metals to incorporate into copper oxide and copper bismuth oxide for photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution.
abstract: A new dispenser and scanner system is used to create and screen Bi-M-Cu oxide arrays for cathodic photoactivity, where M represents 1 of 22 different transition and post-transition metals. Over 3000 unique Bi : M : Cu atomic ratios are screened. Of the 22 metals tested, 10 show a M-Cu oxide with higher photoactivity than CuO and 10 show a Bi-M-Cu oxide with higher photoactivity than CuBi2O4. Cd, Zn, Sn, and Co produce the most photoactive M-Cu oxides, all showing a 200-300% improvement in photocurrent over CuO. Ag, Cd, and Zn produce the highest photoactivity Bi-M-Cu oxides with a 200-400% improvement over CuBi2O4. Most notable is a Bi-Ag-Cu oxide (Bi : Ag : Cu atomic ratio of 22 : 3 : 11) which shows 4 times higher photocurrent than CuBi2O4. This material is capable of evolving hydrogen under illumination in neutral electrolyte solutions at 0.6 V vs. RHE when Pt is added to the surface as an electrocatalyst.
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Electrochemistry, Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
authors: Sean P
authors: SP
authors: Berglund
authors: Heung Chan
authors: HC
authors: Lee
authors: Paul D
authors: PD
authors: Núñez
authors: Allen J
authors: AJ
authors: Bard
authors: C Buddie
authors: CB
authors: Mullins
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry*; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D013499:Surface Properties; D028561:Transition Elements / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D028561:Transition Elements; D003300:Copper; D006859:Hydrogen; C033301:bismuth oxide; D001729:Bismuth; C030973:cupric oxide