title: ω-3 fatty acid treatment in cardiac syndrome X: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a clinical trial to examine the effect of ω-3 fatty acids in patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX). We aimed to evaluate the potential impact of ω-3 fatty acids on endothelial function, oxidative stress, and symptom relief in the CSX.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients with CSX were enrolled according to a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design. Patients were randomized to ω-3 fatty acids (1440 mg/day, n=8) or placebo (n=10) for 4 months. We assessed plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), endothelium-dependent vasodilatation [flow-mediated dilatation (FMD)], endothelium-independent vasodilatation [nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation (NMD)], and status of symptom [score with Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ)] before and after the treatment. After 4 months, patients who were treated with ω-3 fatty acids showed significant increases in the FMD (from 47±48 to 104±23%, P<0.05) and NMD (from 51±53 to 93±35%, P<0.05) values, and significant decreases in the plasma MDA levels (4.4±0.86 to 3.35±0.33 µmol/l, P=0.012). SAQ scores were increased significantly in both groups (from 60±14 to 73±15%, P<0.05 placebo, from 67±10 to 81±9%, P<0.05 treatment group). NMD was correlated negatively with the plasma MDA levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Four months of therapy with a moderate dose of ω-3 fatty acids improved the endothelial function and reduced oxidative stress in patients with CSX.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Baltalimani Bone Diseases Education and Research Hospital.
authors: Evin
authors: E
authors: Bozcali
authors: Erhan
authors: E
authors: Babalik
authors: Solen
authors: S
authors: Himmetoglu
authors: Ismail
authors: I
authors: Mihmanli
authors: Sadik
authors: S
authors: Toprak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D017566:Microvascular Angina / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate