title: Allograft inflammatory factor-1 stimulates hemocyte immune activation by enhancing phagocytosis and expression of inflammatory cytokines in Crassostrea gigas.
abstract: Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a calcium-binding cytokine associated with immune cell activation and inflammatory response. Presently, we have identified and characterized an AIF-1 in a marine bivalve mollusk, Crassostrea gigas, and designated it as CgAIF-1. The full-length CgAIF-1 cDNA is 794 bp, encoding a protein of 149 amino acids with two conserved EF hand Ca(2+)-binding motifs. CgAIF-1 is constitutively expressed in various tissues with enriched expression in hemocytes. Moreover, CgAIF-1 transcription is induced by multiple Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs), including poly (I: C), LPS, PGN, HKLM and HKVA, but is limited by 1,3-β-glucan. Furthermore, recombinant CgAIF-1 can specifically stimulate phagocytic ability of granulocytes, but not of intermediate cells and hyalinocytes. CgAIF-1 also enhances mRNA levels of MIF, TNF and IL-17. These results provide the first functional evidence that CgAIF-1 is involved in hemocyte activation in C. gigas, revealing conserved functions of AIF-1 in host defense from mollusks to mammals.
authors: Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Yu
authors: Xiaocui
authors: X
authors: He
authors: Ziniu
authors: Z
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010587:Phagocytosis; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger