title: Effects of risperidone on energy balance in female C57BL/6J mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of risperidone on energy expenditure and weight gain in female C57BL/6J mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body weight and composition, food intake, energy expenditure, and activity were determined weekly. mRNA expression of uncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue, orexin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hypothalamus were quantified using real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Risperidone tended to induce a greater body weight gain (P = 0.052) and significantly higher food intake (P = 0.038) relative to the placebo-treated group. Risperidone-treated mice had a higher resting energy expenditure (P = 0.001) and total energy expenditure (TEE) (P = 0.005) than the placebo group. There were no effects of treatment, time, and treatment by time on non-resting (or activity-related) energy expenditure between groups. Risperidone-treated mice showed a significantly lesser locomotor activity than placebo-treated mice over 3 weeks (P < 0.001). Risperidone induced a higher UCP1 mRNA (P = 0.003) and a lower orexin mRNA (P = 0.001) than placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risperidone-induced weight gain is associated with hyperphagia and a reduction in locomotor activity in C57BL/6J mice. Additionally, higher total and resting energy expenditure were accompanied by higher levels of UCP1 mRNA in BAT. The increased TEE could not offset the total intake of energy through risperidone-induced hyperphagia, therefore resulting in weight gain in female C57BL/6J mice.
authors: Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors: Xingsheng
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Maria S
authors: MS
authors: Johnson
authors: Daniel L
authors: DL
authors: Smith
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Robert A
authors: RA
authors: Kesterson
authors: David B
authors: DB
authors: Allison
authors: Tim R
authors: TR
authors: Nagy
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006963:Hyperphagia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000068797:Orexins; D018967:Risperidone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D000068797:Orexins; C000604372:Ucp1 protein, mouse; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D018967:Risperidone