title: Pylorus resection or pylorus preservation in partial pancreatico-duodenectomy (PROPP study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Partial pancreatico-duodenectomy (PD) is the standard treatment for tumors of the pancreatic head. Today, preservation of the pylorus has been widely accepted as the surgical standard in this procedure. A common postoperative complication is the occurrence of delayed gastric emptying (DGE), which causes impairment of oral intake andpatients' quality of life, prolongation of hospital stay and delay of further treatment (for example adjuvant chemotherapy). In a small number of two retrospective and one randomized studies, a modification by resection of the pylorus with preservation of the stomach has shown to reduce DGE incidence. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of pylorus resection on postoperative DGE in PD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing elective PD for any indication equal or older than 18 years and who have given informed consent will be included. Patients will be randomized to either PD with pylorus preservation or PD with pylorus resection and complete stomach preservation. Sample size (n = 89 patients per group) is calculated on an assumed difference in DGE incidence of 20%. Primary study endpoint is DGE within 30 days; secondary endpoints are operation time, blood loss, morbidity, mortality, hospital stay and quality of life (QoL).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DGE is a relevant clinical problem following PD with a great impact on patients' recovery, length of hospital stay, QoL and consecutive adjuvant therapies. As there is no causal therapy, prevention of DGE is essential to improve outcome. The technical modification of pylorus resection may offer a simple and effective method for this purpose. The present study is designed to increase the existing body of evidence and potentially change the future standard surgical procedure of PD.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00004191.
authors: Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany. Thilo_Hackert@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors: Thilo
authors: T
authors: Hackert
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Bruckner
authors: Colette
authors: C
authors: Dörr-Harim
authors: Markus K
authors: MK
authors: Diener
authors: Phillip
authors: P
authors: Knebel
authors: Werner
authors: W
authors: Hartwig
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Strobel
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Fritz
authors: Lutz
authors: L
authors: Schneider
authors: Jens
authors: J
authors: Werner
authors: Markus W
authors: MW
authors: Büchler
mesh_terms: D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005746:Gastric Emptying; D018589:Gastroparesis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005858:Germany; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D011708:Pylorus / Q000601:surgery*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012107:Research Design; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome