title: Evaluation of efficacy and safety of recombinant sperm-specific contraceptive vaccine in albino mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant SP-10 protein for male contraception.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male mice were divided into five groups. Group I was placebo-treated control while Groups II-V were immunized with recombinant SP-10 protein on day 0 and 21 with different doses (range 25-100 μg). From each Group, animals were put for mating fertility test. Histological and hematological parameters, sperm characteristics, serum clinical biochemistry and testosterone levels were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group I showed normal fertility. Group II-V showed dose dependent reduction in fertility. In contrast, at higher dose (75 and 100 μg), all animals were sterile for three months. Further, all parameters under investigation in experimental groups were comparable to those of control animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study has put forth a proof of concept for male contraception for the first time, which may be considered suitable for contraceptive vaccine development.
authors: Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
authors: Shipra
authors: S
authors: Goyal
authors: Boomi
authors: B
authors: Manivannan
authors: Ganesh R
authors: GR
authors: Kumraj
authors: Abdul S
authors: AS
authors: Ansari
authors: Nirmal K
authors: NK
authors: Lohiya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003269:Contraception, Immunologic / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005299:Fertility Agents / Q000276:immunology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D023421:Models, Animal; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D022642:Vaccines, Contraceptive / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: C512729:ACRV1 protein, human; D005299:Fertility Agents; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D022642:Vaccines, Contraceptive; D013739:Testosterone