title: Is cystoscopy indicated for incidentally identified bladder wall thickening?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the yield of cystoscopy in detecting bladder malignancy following incidentally identified bladder wall thickening observed on computed tomography (CT) scans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 3000 consecutive patients who underwent diagnostic cystoscopy at a single institution from 2006-2009 were collected retrospectively.  All prior CT scan reports were reviewed, and patients whose sole indication for cystoscopy was incidentally detected bladder wall thickening were identified.  Patients were categorized as diffuse thickening, focal thickening, or focal bladder mass based on the radiologist's report.  Collected data included patient age, gender, race, smoking history, history of hematuria, medications for benign prostate hypertrophy or overactive bladder as well as cystoscopy results, pathology results, and follow up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two patients (0.7% of cystoscopies) underwent cystoscopy for incidentally identified bladder wall thickening including 11 (50%) with focal bladder wall thickening, 8 (36.4%) with diffuse bladder wall thickening, and 3 (13.6%) with focal bladder mass lesions.  Five patients (22.7%) had suspicious lesions on cystoscopy requiring endoscopic surgery with biopsy.  Two patients with focal bladder mass lesions were found to have low grade, superficial bladder cancer (66.7% of patients with focal bladder mass lesions and 9.1% of all patients with incidental bladder wall thickening).  No patients with diffuse or focal bladder wall thickening had malignancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incidental findings of diffuse and focal bladder wall thickening on CT scan were found to have a low yield for the detection of urinary tract malignancy.  Incidentally detected focal bladder mass lesions are more likely to have malignant pathology.
authors: Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0118, USA.
authors: Daniel S
authors: DS
authors: McPartlin
authors: Adam P
authors: AP
authors: Klausner
authors: Charles U
authors: CU
authors: Nottingham
authors: Jeffrey P
authors: JP
authors: Wolters
authors: Albert
authors: A
authors: Petrossian
authors: Laura R
authors: LR
authors: Carucci
authors: B Mayer
authors: BM
authors: Grob
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D003558:Cystoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*