title: The statin-iron nexus: anti-inflammatory intervention for arterial disease prevention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We postulated the existence of a statin-iron nexus by which statins improve cardiovascular disease outcomes at least partially by countering proinflammatory effects of excess iron stores.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using data from a clinical trial of iron (ferritin) reduction in advanced peripheral arterial disease, the Iron and Atherosclerosis Study, we compared effects of ferritin levels versus high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein ratios (both were randomization variables) on clinical outcomes in participants receiving and not receiving statins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statins increased high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein ratios and reduced ferritin levels by noninteracting mechanisms. Improved clinical outcomes were associated with lower ferritin levels but not with improved lipid status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are commonalities between the clinical benefits of statins and the maintenance of physiologic iron levels. Iron reduction may be a safe and low-cost alternative to statins.
authors: Research Service, Veterans Affairs Hospital, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA. leo.r.zacharski@dartmouth.edu
authors: Leo R
authors: LR
authors: Zacharski
authors: Ralph G
authors: RG
authors: DePalma
authors: Galina
authors: G
authors: Shamayeva
authors: Bruce K
authors: BK
authors: Chow
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D019190:Iron Overload / Q000150:complications*; D016014:Linear Models; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014481:United States; D014493:United States Department of Veterans Affairs
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D007501:Iron