title: Socioeconomic status is significantly associated with the dietary intakes of folate and depression scales in Japanese workers (J-HOPE Study).
abstract: The association of socioeconomic status (SES) with nutrient intake attracts public attention worldwide. In the current study, we examined the associations of SES with dietary intake of folate and health outcomes in general Japanese workers. This Japanese occupational cohort consisted off 2266 workers. SES was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Intakes of all nutrients were assessed with a validated, brief and self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). The degree of depressive symptoms was measured by the validated Japanese version of the K6 scale. Multiple linear regression and stratified analysis were used to evaluate the associations of intake with the confounding factors. Path analysis was conducted to describe the impacts of intake on health outcomes. Education levels and household incomes were significantly associated with intake of folate and depression scales (p < 0.05). After adjusting for age, sex and total energy intake, years of education significantly affect the folate intake (β = 0.117, p < 0.001). The structural equation model (SEM) shows that the indirect effect of folate intake is statistically significant and strong (p < 0.05, 56% of direct effect) in the pathway of education level to depression scale. Our study shows both education and income are significantly associated with depression scales in Japanese workers, and the effort to increase the folate intake may alleviate the harms of social disparities on mental health.
authors: Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research and Informatics, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan. miyaki-keio@umin.net
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Miyaki
authors: Yixuan
authors: Y
authors: Song
authors: Setsuko
authors: S
authors: Taneichi
authors: Akizumi
authors: A
authors: Tsutsumi
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Hashimoto
authors: Norito
authors: N
authors: Kawakami
authors: Masaya
authors: M
authors: Takahashi
authors: Akihito
authors: A
authors: Shimazu
authors: Akiomi
authors: A
authors: Inoue
authors: Sumiko
authors: S
authors: Kurioka
authors: Takuro
authors: T
authors: Shimbo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004032:Diet; D004522:Educational Status; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid