title: Adiposity markers and cardiovascular risk in urban Colombian adolescents: heterogeneity in association patterns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of tricipital (TS), abdominal (AS), subscapular (SS), and suprailiac (SIS) skinfolds, Body Mass Index (BMI), and Waist Circumference (WC) with 1) variables related to cardiovascular risk (CVR) and 2) the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) - referenced pediatric cut-off points - in a multivariate analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample was 1672 adolescents. Glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure and anthropometric variables were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adjusting for age, gender, and caloric intake, the highest quartile (Q4) of adiposity markers was associated to Q4 of biochemical and blood pressure variables. However, the association was not found for WC, SS and TS with glucose, and for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with TS, SS, and SIS. Triglycerides Q4 was related to Q4 of SS, AS, and SIS after further adjustments, as well as HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) Q1 with Q4 of SS and AS. Glucose Q4 was associated to BMI, AS (Not adjusting for BMI and SIS), and SIS Q4 (Not adjusting for BMI and TS). LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C) Q4 was associated to TS and SS Q4. The associations of LDL-C Q4 and HDL-C Q1 with WC Q4 were not significant after further adjustments. All the adiposity markers, except WC and TS, were associated to CVRF clustering in all the adjustments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the adolescents, subcutaneous fat from the trunk (SS, AS, SIS) was better and independently associated to CVR variables and with CVRF clustering than visceral fat (WC). Further research is required to explain the specificity in the described associations.
authors: Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali-Colombia. fabian.suarezuv@gmail.com
authors: Milton Fabian
authors: MF
authors: Suárez-Ortegón
authors: José Guillermo
authors: JG
authors: Ortega-Ávila
authors: Jenny Elizabeth
authors: JE
authors: Ordóñez-Betancourth
authors: Cecilia
authors: C
authors: Aguilar-de Plata
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D058246:Prehypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D050507:Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / Q000473:pathology*; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers