title: Comparison of antiallergic effects of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in a murine model of allergic rhinitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pneumococcal vaccines have been widely used, and Streptococcus pneumoniae has been suggested to be an effective therapeutic agent in allergic disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PV) and pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine (PCV), and to examine differences between the vaccines in a murine model of allergic rhinitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo study using an animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science.
  
  
  METHODS
  Allergic rhinitis was induced in 40 BALB/c mice by intraperitoneal sensitization and intranasal challenge with Dermatophagoides farinae (Derf). The animals were divided into four groups: control, Derf, PV, and PCV. Interferon-γ, interleukin-13, and interleukin-10 levels in nasal lavage fluid and Derf-specific immunoglobulin E levels in serum were measured. The levels of T-bet, GATA-3, and Foxp3 mRNA expression in splenic mononuclear cells were determined. The number of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells in splenic mononuclear cells was compared between groups by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Allergic symptom scores, T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA levels, serum Derf-specific immunoglobulin E levels, and tissue eosinophil counts were lower in the PV and PCV groups than the Derf group (P < 0.05). The regulatory T (Treg) cell indicators, Foxp3 mRNA, and percentages of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) T cells were increased in the PV and PCV groups (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both PV and PCV suppressed the allergen-specific T helper 2 response and induced regulatory T cells in a murine model of allergic rhinitis. However, PV and PCV may activate Treg cells via different mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  N/A.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Boo-Young
authors: BY
authors: Kim
authors: Ji-Hyeon
authors: JH
authors: Shin
authors: Hyang Rim
authors: HR
authors: Park
authors: Sung Won
authors: SW
authors: Kim
authors: Soo Whan
authors: SW
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D017817:Nasal Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000517:prevention & control*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
keywords: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; a mouse model; allergic rhinitis; pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; regulatory T cells