title: Danshen mediates through estrogen receptors to activate Akt and inhibit apoptosis effect of Leu27IGF-II-induced IGF-II receptor signaling activation in cardiomyoblasts.
abstract: Post-menopausal women show dramatically increased cardiovascular disease morbidity (CVD). Danshen is used widely in China for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, including coronary heart disease. Danshen possesses lipid-soluble biologically active components with a structure similar to 17β-estrodiol (E2). This study assesses whether the cardio-protection exerted by Danshen is mediated through the ERs within H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. Cardiomyoblast cells pretreated with Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780), an estrogen receptor antagonist was applied to investigate the estrogenic activity of Danshen. The Danshen extract preventive effects on Leu27IGF-II-induced IGF-IIR signaling activator and H9c2 cell apoptosis were identified using TUNEL assay, JC-1 staining and Western blot assay. We found that Danshen extract treatments significantly enhanced phosphorylated Akt through estrogen receptor activation to inhibit Leu27IGF-II-induced calcineurin activation and block H9c2 cell apoptosis. Danshen extracts suppressed the IGF-IIR signaling proteins, pro-apoptotic proteins and reversed the mitochondrial membrane instability induced by Leu27IGF-II. However, the cardioprotective properties of Danshen to inhibit Leu27IGF-II-induced cell apoptosis and promote cell survival were attenuated by applying ICI, which suggests that the Danshen cardioprotective effect is mediated through estrogen receptors. All our data indicated that Danshen exerts strong estrogenic activity which can be considered a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) against IGF2R signaling that blocks cardiac apoptosis.
authors: School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Yueh-Shan
authors: YS
authors: Weng
authors: Wei-Wen
authors: WW
authors: Kuo
authors: Yueh-Min
authors: YM
authors: Lin
authors: Chia-Hua
authors: CH
authors: Kuo
authors: Bor-Show
authors: BS
authors: Tzang
authors: Fuu-Jen
authors: FJ
authors: Tsai
authors: Chang-Hai
authors: CH
authors: Tsai
authors: James A
authors: JA
authors: Lin
authors: Dennis Jine-Yuan
authors: DJ
authors: Hsieh
authors: Chih-Yang
authors: CY
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000378:metabolism; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D032386:Myoblasts, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010618:Phenanthrolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058539:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010618:Phenanthrolines; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C028972:dan-shen root extract; D058539:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019703:Calcineurin