title: [Chronotoxicology of fenvalerate on the male rats reproductive system].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the chronotoxicity and mechanism of fenvalerate (Fen) on the male reproductive system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-nine healthy clean SD rats in a 12h: 12h light-dark photoperiod, which were divided into seven groups: control group and six Fen groups (Fen 2, Fen 6, Fen 10, Fen 14, Fen 18, Fen 22). Fen groups were administered by intra-gastric injection of Fen (12 mg/kg BW) respectively at corresponding zeitgeber time (ZT 02, ZT 06, ZT 10, ZT 14, ZT 18, ZT 22) for 30 days. The control group rats were administered with equal volume of edible blend oil. One side testicular was used to make HE paraffin slice. Germ cell (Daily sperm production, DSP. Sperm live rate, SLR. Abnormal sperm rate, ASR), the activities testicular mark enzymes and the levels of Sex hormones (testosterone, T, estradiol, E2) in testicular were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control group, Fen cause the pathological changes of testicular tissue in rats, and the most serious injuries occurred in ZT 18. DSP, SLR, ACP and T in testicular were decreased, ASR and E2 were increased. Results from Cosinor analysis showed that Circadian rhythms of the changes compared to the control group in DSP, SLR and ACP were validated, and sensitive point in time to Fen was respectively at ZT 04, ZT 14, ZT 23.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that the effects of Fen on male reproductive function were time-dependent in a circadian day.
authors: Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Suzhou Science and Technology University, Suzhou 215009, China. qinfenju@126.com
authors: Fenju
authors: F
authors: Qin
authors: Hongxia
authors: H
authors: Yuan
authors: Lili
authors: L
authors: Chen
authors: Bingcheng
authors: B
authors: Jiang
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Tong
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004958:Estradiol / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles / Q000633:toxicity*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects*; D013737:Testis / Q000737:chemistry; D013739:Testosterone / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; C017690:fenvalerate