title: Cobalt chloride induces metaphase when topically applied to larvae and pupae of the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini).
abstract: In order to optimize preparations of bee metaphases, we tested cobalt chloride, which has been used as a metaphase inducer in other organisms, such as hamsters and fish. Four microliters of 65 mM cobalt chloride aqueous solution was topically applied to larval and pupal stages of the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. The cerebral ganglion was removed after treatment and prepared for cytogenetic analysis. Identically manipulated untreated individuals were used as controls. The number of metaphases was increased 3-fold in treated individuals compared to controls. The micronucleus test showed no mutagenic effects of cobalt chloride on M. scutellaris cells. We concluded that cobalt chloride is a metaphase-inducing agent in M. scutellaris, thus being useful for cytogenetic analyses.
authors: Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil. ueira@ingeb.ufu.br
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Ueira-Vieira
authors: R R
authors: RR
authors: Tavares
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Morelli
authors: B B
authors: BB
authors: Pereira
authors: R P
authors: RP
authors: Silva
authors: A R
authors: AR
authors: Torres-Mariano
authors: W E
authors: WE
authors: Kerr
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Bonetti
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D001733:Bites and Stings; D003035:Cobalt / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D007814:Larva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008677:Metaphase / Q000187:drug effects*; D048631:Micronucleus, Germline / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011679:Pupa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003035:Cobalt; C018021:cobaltous chloride