title: Navigation in surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  "Navigation in surgery" spans a broad area, which, depending on the clinical challenge, can have different meanings. Over the past decade, navigation in surgery has evolved beyond imaging modalities and bulky systems into the rich networking of the cloud or devices that are pocket-sized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article will review various aspects of navigation in the operating room and beyond. This includes a short history of navigation, the evolution of surgical navigation, as well as technical aspects and clinical benefits with examples from neurosurgery, spinal surgery, and orthopedics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With improved computer technology and a trend towards advanced information processing within hospitals, navigation is quickly becoming an integral part in the surgical routine of clinicians.
authors: Brainlab AG, Kapellenstraße 12, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany. uli.mezger@brainlab.com
authors: Uli
authors: U
authors: Mezger
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Jendrewski
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Bartels
mesh_terms: D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000639:trends; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000639:trends; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D003195:Computer Communication Networks / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000639:trends; D004867:Equipment Design; D005544:Forecasting; D005910:Glioma / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends*; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000639:trends; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000639:trends; D038361:Neuronavigation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends*; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D012984:Software; D013131:Spine / Q000601:surgery*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends*; D014584:User-Computer Interface