title: Prevention of chronic postoperative pain: cellular, molecular, and clinical insights for mechanism-based treatment approaches.
abstract: Nearly every surgery can elicit a rather therapy-resistant chronic postoperative pain. Preventive medicine is therefore anticipated with hopeful eyes, but requires a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the transition from acute to chronic pain. Spinal mechanisms of pain amplification are regarded as fundamental to pain chronification, but these mechanisms on their own are not at all likely to be sufficient. Indeed, not every surgical patient develops chronic postoperative pain. Progress in our neurobiological understanding of postoperative pain includes scientific discoveries of 'vulnerability factors', which substantially impact on the spinal cord, augmenting pain amplification mechanisms, perhaps to levels of no-return. In this review we elaborate on spinal pain amplification mechanisms in relation to pain chronification and the impact of vulnerability factors hereon. Moreover, these insights are incorporated within a clinical frame of treatment approaches currently used in surgical settings. As such, this review provides an integrated overview of mechanism-based treatment approaches in prevention of chronic postoperative pain.
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, Group of Neuropharmacology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium. deumensr@gmail.com
authors: Ronald
authors: R
authors: Deumens
authors: Arnaud
authors: A
authors: Steyaert
authors: Patrice
authors: P
authors: Forget
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Schubert
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Lavand'homme
authors: Emmanuel
authors: E
authors: Hermans
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: De Kock
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007395:Interneurons / Q000502:physiology; D059408:Pain Management; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology