title: Ion channels as drug targets in central nervous system disorders.
abstract: Ion channel targeted drugs have always been related with either the central nervous system (CNS), the peripheral nervous system, or the cardiovascular system. Within the CNS, basic indications of drugs are: sleep disorders, anxiety, epilepsy, pain, etc. However, traditional channel blockers have multiple adverse events, mainly due to low specificity of mechanism of action. Lately, novel ion channel subtypes have been discovered, which gives premises to drug discovery process led towards specific channel subtypes. An example is Na(+) channels, whose subtypes 1.3 and 1.7-1.9 are responsible for pain, and 1.1 and 1.2 - for epilepsy. Moreover, new drug candidates have been recognized. This review is focusing on ion channels subtypes, which play a significant role in current drug discovery and development process. The knowledge on channel subtypes has developed rapidly, giving new nomenclatures of ion channels. For example, Ca(2+)s channels are not any more divided to T, L, N, P/Q, and R, but they are described as Ca(v)1.1-Ca(v)3.3, with even newer nomenclature α1A-α1I and α1S. Moreover, new channels such as P2X1-P2X7, as well as TRPA1-TRPV1 have been discovered, giving premises for new types of analgesic drugs.
authors: Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Krakow, Poland. awaszkie@cm-uj.krakow.pl
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Waszkielewicz
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Gunia
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Szkaradek
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Słoczyńska
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Krupińska
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Marona
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D058446:Ligand-Gated Ion Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D007473:Ion Channels; D058446:Ligand-Gated Ion Channels; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D015222:Sodium Channels; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels