title: [Applications of botulinum toxin in Neurology].
abstract: At present, botulinum toxin (BT) is one of the most fundamental available drugs in Neurology, only comparable with levodopa. BT is currently used in those entities characterized by excessive muscle contraction, including dystonia and spasticity. In addition, BT has been used to control pain associated with increased muscle contraction in dystonia and spasticity, but also is useful to control chronic pain not associated with muscle contraction, such as chronic daily headache. Finally, BT is useful in sialorrhoea and bruxism. The mechanism of action is complex, mainly acting on terminal neuromuscular junction, but also exhibiting analgesic properties, probably through inhibition of pain neurotransmitters release.
authors: Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España. pgarcia@fjd.es
authors: Pedro J
authors: PJ
authors: Garcia-Ruiz
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000502:physiology; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000188:drug therapy; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D012798:Sialorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; D000109:Acetylcholine