title: Countermeasures against chemical terrorism in Japan.
abstract: Japan has experienced numerous incidents of chemical disasters and terrorist attacks. Here we review the history of changes in countermeasures against such incidents. Since 2004, the Civil Protection Law, more formally known as the "Law Concerning the Measures for Protection of the People in Armed Attack Situations etc" was enacted to fully prepare the nation for chemical terrorism. According to this law, the Japanese government must carry out Civil Protection Exercises on an annual basis to gauge response. Problem areas that remain are chosen and addressed one by one until they are judged to be resolved in subsequent exercises.
authors: Office of the Assistant Chief Cabinet Secretary for National Security and Crisis Management, Government of Japan, Tokyo, Japan. feokumura@mac.com
authors: Tetsu
authors: T
authors: Okumura
authors: Yasuo
authors: Y
authors: Seto
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Fuse
mesh_terms: D051337:Chemical Terrorism / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D002959:Civil Defense / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003142:Communication; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods; D004189:Disaster Planning / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D017751:Safety Management; D012524:Sarin / Q000633:toxicity; D012621:Seasons; D012637:Security Measures
chemical_list: D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D012524:Sarin