title: Volatile fingerprints of cancer specific genetic mutations.
abstract: We report on a new concept for profiling genetic mutations of (lung) cancer cells, based on the detection of patterns of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from cell membranes, using an array of nanomaterial-based sensors. In this in-vitro pilot study we have derived a volatile fingerprint assay for representative genetic mutations in cancer cells that are known to be associated with targeted cancer therapy. Five VOCs were associated with the studied oncogenes, using complementary chemical analysis, and were discussed in terms of possible metabolic pathways. The reported approach could lead to the development of novel methods for guiding treatments, so that patients could benefit from safer, more timely and effective interventions that improve survival and quality of life while avoiding unnecessary invasive procedures. Studying clinical samples (tissue/blood/breath) will be required as next step in order to determine whether this cell-line study can be translated into a clinically useful tool.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In this novel study, a new concept for profiling genetic mutations of (lung) cancer cells is described, based on the detection of patterns of volatile organic compounds emitted from cell membranes, using an array of nano-gold based sensors.
authors: Thoracic Cancer Research and Detection Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors: Nir
authors: N
authors: Peled
authors: Orna
authors: O
authors: Barash
authors: Ulrike
authors: U
authors: Tisch
authors: Radu
authors: R
authors: Ionescu
authors: Yoav Y
authors: YY
authors: Broza
authors: Maya
authors: M
authors: Ilouze
authors: Jane
authors: J
authors: Mattei
authors: Paul A
authors: PA
authors: Bunn
authors: Fred R
authors: FR
authors: Hirsch
authors: Hossam
authors: H
authors: Haick
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C522504:EML4-ALK fusion protein, human; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins
keywords: ALK; Anaplastic lmphoma kinase; CV1; DFA; Discriminant factor analysis; EGFR; EGFRmut; EML4; EML4-ALK; Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4; Epidermal growth factor receptor; First canonical variable; GC-MS; GNP; Gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry; Genetic; Gold nanoparticle; KRAS; KRASmut; LC; Lung cancer; Mutation; NSCLC; Non-small cell lung carcinoma; Sensor; TKI; Tyrosine kinase inhibitor; V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; VOC; Volatile organic compound; Wild type; fusion of the EML4 gene to the ALK gene; mutated EGFR gene; mutated KRAS gene; wt