title: Protective effect of conjugated linolenic acid isomers present in vegetable oils against arsenite-induced renal toxicity in rat model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA), present in vegetable oils against arsenite-induced renal oxidative stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Albino rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 was control and group 2 was treated with sodium arsenite (Sa; 10 mg/kg BW). Rats in groups 3 and 4 were treated with mixture of α-eleostearic acid and punicic acid (1:1) (0.5% and 1.0%, respectively), whereas rats in the groups 5 and 6 were treated with 0.5% of α-eleostearic acid and 0.5% of punicic acid, respectively, along with Sa by oral gavage once daily.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results revealed that activity of antioxidant enzymes and total reduced glutathione content, total protein content, and phospholipid content in kidney were decreased significantly in arsenite-treated group compared with control. Activity of nitric oxide synthase, peroxidation of lipid, protein oxidation, total cholesterol content, total lipid content of kidney, and plasma creatinine level were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in arsenite-treated rats compared with control. Fatty-acid composition of renal lipids showed significant decrease in monounsaturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content, and increase in saturated fatty acid content due to oxidative stress. PUFA such as γ-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid decreased significantly with significant (P < 0.05) increase in arachidonic acid content after Sa treatment. Administration of blended product of both the isomers caused better restoration of renal fatty acids and other altered parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CLnA isomers caused amelioration of renal oxidative stress and the isomers showed synergistic activity.
authors: Oil Laboratory, Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, India. sahasidh@gmail.com
authors: Siddhartha S
authors: SS
authors: Saha
authors: Mahua
authors: M
authors: Ghosh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D018053:Arsenites / Q000633:toxicity*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007536:Isomerism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008042:Linolenic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017670:Sodium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018053:Arsenites; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008042:Linolenic Acids; D010938:Plant Oils; D017670:Sodium Compounds; C004934:eleostearic acid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; C017947:sodium arsenite; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D003404:Creatinine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D005978:Glutathione; C519714:punicic acid