title: Start-up and long-term operation of the Anammox process in a fixed bed reactor (FBR) filled with novel non-woven ring carriers.
abstract: A novel kind of non-woven ring carriers was used to improve a fixed bed reactor (FBR) as Anammox reactor. The improved FBR was operated for about 1 year. The Anammox activity occurred on day 39. On day 367, the maximum total nitrogen removal rate reached 9.2 kg Nm(-3)d(-1). FISH analysis showed that Anammox bacteria predominated in the mature sludge and accounted for 78% of the total bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis further showed that Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis occupied 70% of Anammox bacteria, which benefited keeping the stability of Anammox reactor. The FBR was proved to be a suitable reactor for start-up and long-term operation of Anammox process.
authors: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, MOE, School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, PR China.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Wang
authors: Hanmin
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Fenglin
authors: F
authors: Yang
authors: Yifei
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Guangyi
authors: G
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D009584:Nitrogen