title: Three-year follow-up of posterior chamber toric phakic intraocular lens implantation for moderate to high myopic astigmatism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the 3-year clinical outcomes of toric phakic intraocular lens (Visian ICL™; STAAR Surgical) implantation for moderate to high myopic astigmatism.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study evaluated fifty eyes of 28 patients who underwent toric ICL implantation for the correction of moderate to high myopic astigmatism and who regularly returned for postoperative examination. Before, and 1, 3, and 6 months after, and 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery, we assessed the safety, efficacy, predictability, stability, and adverse events of the surgery in eyes undergoing toric ICL implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (LogMAR) uncorrected visual acuity and LogMAR best spectacle-corrected visual acuity were -0.10 (corresponding to Snellen equivalents 20/16) ± 0.16 and -0.20 (corresponding to 20/12.5) ± 0.07, 3 years postoperatively, respectively. The safety and efficacy indices were 1.16 ± 0.20 and 0.94 ± 0.28. At 3 year, 82% and 98% of the eyes were within 0.5 and 1.0 D, respectively, of the targeted correction. Manifest refraction changes of -0.15 ± 0.31 D occurred from 1 month to 3 year. No vision-threatening complications occurred during the observation period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of the clinical results of this study, toric ICL implantation was good in all measures of safety, efficacy, predictability, and stability for the correction of moderate to high myopic astigmatism throughout a 3-year observation period.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan. kamiyak-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors: Kazutaka
authors: K
authors: Kamiya
authors: Kimiya
authors: K
authors: Shimizu
authors: Hidenaga
authors: H
authors: Kobashi
authors: Akihito
authors: A
authors: Igarashi
authors: Mari
authors: M
authors: Komatsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001251:Astigmatism / Q000150:complications*; D002452:Cell Count; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009216:Myopia / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D054120:Phakic Intraocular Lenses / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012449:Safety; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult