title: Relationship between iron metabolism, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to assess oxidative stress and iron metabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with and without insulin resistance (IR).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 236 subjects (125 controls and 111 SLE patients). Patients with SLE were divided in two groups: with (n = 72) or without (n = 39) IR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SLE patients with IR showed higher advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) levels (p = 0.030) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels (p = 0.001) and lower sulfhydryl groups of proteins (p = 0.0002) and total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) corrected by uric acid (UA) levels (p = 0.04) when compared to SLE patients without IR. However, SLE patients with IR presented lower serum 8-isoprostane (p = 0.05) and carbonyl protein levels (p = 0.04) when compared to SLE patients without IR. Serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in SLE patients (p = 0.0006) than in controls, and SLE patients with IR presented higher serum ferritin levels (p = 0.01) than SLE patients without IR. Patients with SLE showed that IR was inversely correlated to TRAP/UA (r = -0.2724, p = 0.0008) and serum ferritin was positively correlated to AOPP (r = 0.2870, p = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study found that oxidative stress was higher in the group of SLE patients with IR, and increased ferritin, whether caused by the inflammatory process per se or hyperinsulinaemia, can favour the redox process. In addition, the preset data reinforce the need to measure oxidative stress with several methodologies with different assumptions.
authors: Department of Clinical Analysis, University North of Paraná (UNOPAR), Paraná, Brazil.
authors: M A B
authors: MA
authors: Lozovoy
authors: A N C
authors: AN
authors: Simão
authors: S R
authors: SR
authors: Oliveira
authors: T M V
authors: TM
authors: Iryioda
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Panis
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Cecchini
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Dichi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000886:Anthropometry; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D005293:Ferritins; D015237:Dinoprost; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase