title: Frequency of acne vulgaris and its exacerbation in facial and periorbital area after septorhinoplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High prevalence of rhinoplasty, controversies about its cutaneous complications and lack of structured studies about relationship between acne vulgaris and rhinoplasty, point out the necessity for performing this study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of acne and its exacerbation after rhinoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a longitudinal controlled study at a tertiary referral university hospital, the degree of acne before and 1 and 3 months after surgery was measured in 110 patients (30 Male, 80 Female, Mean age: 26.3 ± 6.8) with rhinoplasty and 80 patients (35 Male, 45 Female, Mean age: 24.5 ± 4.6) with septoplasty, based on Global Acne Grading System (GAGS). The data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of acne exacerbation in first post-surgical visit was 27% in case and 3.5% in control subjects (P<0.007). In case group, 42.9% of those who had no acne before surgery, developed mild acne and 14.5% of those with mild acne, turned into moderate acne. In second post-surgical visit 91.7% of those who had moderate acne in first visit, turned into mild acne and 80% of those with severe acne in first post-surgical visit changed into moderate acne without any specific therapy (P<0.0001 and P<0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rhinoplasty has significant relationship with acne exacerbation. The severity of acne decreases gradually during 3 months after surgery. For determining the exact course and risk factors of this complication, further studies are needed.
authors: Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery Department and Research Center, Amiralmomenin Hospital, Guilan University of medical sciences, Rasht-Iran.
authors: Shadman
authors: S
authors: Nemati
authors: Javad
authors: J
authors: Golchay
authors: Khosrow
authors: K
authors: Iranfar
authors: Arsalan
authors: A
authors: Alizadeh
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009915:Orbit; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult