title: Development and psychometric evaluation of a postoperative quality of recovery score: the QoR-15.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Quality of recovery (QoR) after anesthesia is an important measure of the early postoperative health status of patients. The aim was to develop a short-form postoperative QoR score, and test its validity, reliability, responsiveness, and clinical acceptability and feasibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on extensive clinical and research experience with the 40-item QoR-40, the strongest psychometrically performing items from each of the five dimensions of the QoR-40 were selected to create a short-form version, the QoR-15. This was then evaluated in 127 adult patients after general anesthesia and surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was good convergent validity between the QoR-15 and a global QoR visual analog scale (r = 0.68, P < 0.0005). Construct validity was supported by a negative correlation with duration of surgery (r = -0.49, P < 0.0005), time spent in the postanesthesia care unit (r = -0.41, P < 0.0005), and duration of hospital stay (r = -0.53, P < 0.0005). There was also excellent internal consistency (0.85), split-half reliability (0.78), and test-retest reliability (ri = 0.99), all P < 0.0005. Responsiveness was excellent with an effect size of 1.35 and a standardized response mean of 1.04. The mean ± SD time to complete the QoR-15 was 2.4 ± 0.8 min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The QoR-15 provides a valid, extensive, and yet efficient evaluation of postoperative QoR.
authors: Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors: Peter A
authors: PA
authors: Stark
authors: Paul S
authors: PS
authors: Myles
authors: Justin A
authors: JA
authors: Burke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult