title: Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults.
abstract: There is concern about an emerging diabetes epidemic in Turkey. We aimed to determine the prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes, prediabetes and their 12-year trends and to identify risk factors for diabetes in the adult Turkish population. A cross-sectional, population-based survey, 'TURDEP-II' included 26,499 randomly sampled adults aged ≥ 20 years (response rate: 87 %). Fasting glucose and biochemical parameters were measured in all; then a OGTT was performed to identify diabetes and prediabetes in eligible participants. The prevalence of diabetes was 16.5 % (new 7.5 %), translating to 6.5 million adults with diabetes in Turkey. It was higher in women than men (p = 0.008). The age-standardized prevalence to the TURDEP-I population (performed in 1997-98) was 13.7 % (if same diagnostic definition was applied diabetes prevalence is calculated 11.4 %). The prevalence of isolated-IFG and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and combined prediabetes was 14.7, 7.9, and 8.2 %, respectively; and that of obesity 36 % and hypertension 31.4 %. Compared to TURDEP-I; the rate of increase for diabetes: 90 %, IGT: 106 %, obesity: 40 % and central obesity: 35 %, but hypertension decreased by 11 % during the last 12 years. In women age, waist, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, low education, and living environment; in men age, BMI, and hypertension were independently associated with an increased prevalence of diabetes. In women current smoking, and in men being single were associated with a reduced risk. These results from one of the largest nationally representative surveys carried out so far show that diabetes has rapidly become a major public health challenge in Turkey. The figures are alarming and underscore the urgent need for national programs to prevent diabetes, to manage the illness and thus prevent complications.
authors: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turgut Ozal Caddesi, Capa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey. satmandiabet@gmail.com
authors: Ilhan
authors: I
authors: Satman
authors: Beyhan
authors: B
authors: Omer
authors: Yildiz
authors: Y
authors: Tutuncu
authors: Sibel
authors: S
authors: Kalaca
authors: Selda
authors: S
authors: Gedik
authors: Nevin
authors: N
authors: Dinccag
authors: Kubilay
authors: K
authors: Karsidag
authors: Sema
authors: S
authors: Genc
authors: Aysegul
authors: A
authors: Telci
authors: Bulent
authors: B
authors: Canbaz
authors: Fulya
authors: F
authors: Turker
authors: Temel
authors: T
authors: Yilmaz
authors: Bekir
authors: B
authors: Cakir
authors: Jaakko
authors: J
authors: Tuomilehto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose