title: Daedalic DNA vaccination against self antigens as a treatment for chronic kidney disease.
abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of death and morbidity in Australia and worldwide. DNA vaccination has been used for targeting foreign antigens to induce immune responses and prevent autoimmune disease, viral infection and cancer. However, the use of DNA vaccination has been restricted by a limited ability to induce strong immune responses, especially against self-antigens which are limited by mechanisms of self-tolerance. Furthermore, there have been few studies on the potential of DNA vaccination in chronic inflammatory diseases, including CKD. We have established strategies of DNA vaccination targeting specific self-antigens in the immune system including co-stimulatory pathways, T cell receptors and chemokine molecules, which have been effective in protecting against the development of CKD in a variety of animal models. In particular, we find that the efficacy of DNA vaccination is improved by dendritic cell (DC) targeting and can protect against animal models of autoimmune nephritis mimicking human membranous nephropathy. In this review, we summarize several approaches that have been tested to improve the efficacy of DNA vaccination in CKD models, including enhanced DNA vaccine delivery methods, DNA vaccine modifications and new molecular targets for DNA vaccination. Finally, we discuss the specific application of DNA vaccination for preventing and treating CKD.
authors: Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead Sydney, NSW, Australia. yuan.wang@health.nsw.gov.au
authors: Yuan Min
authors: YM
authors: Wang
authors: Jimmy Jianheng
authors: JJ
authors: Zhou
authors: Ya
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Debbie
authors: D
authors: Watson
authors: Geoff Yu
authors: GY
authors: Zhang
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Hu
authors: Huiling
authors: H
authors: Wu
authors: Guoping
authors: G
authors: Zheng
authors: Yiping
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Anne M
authors: AM
authors: Durkan
authors: David C H
authors: DC
authors: Harris
authors: Stephen I
authors: SI
authors: Alexander
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015433:Glomerulonephritis, Membranous / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D019444:Vaccines, DNA
keywords: CD40; DEC205; DNA vaccination; active Heymann nephritis (HN); adriamycin nephropathy (AN); costimulatory molecular; cytokine; dendritic cell