title: [Liquid embolic agents--Onyx as problem solver].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Liquid embolic agents are used for permanent occlusion of capillaries but optimal administration properties are lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  The lack of visualization by fluoroscopy and the risk of serious complications are disadvantages of conventional embolic agents, such as ethanol and Histoacryl.
  
  
  METHODS
  Onyx is a liquid embolic agent consisting of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer dissolved in various concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and suspended micronized tantalum powder to provide contrast for fluoroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The physicochemical characteristics of Onyx allow controlled application, forming a defined cast and permanent occlusion. Disadvantages are the high costs. Furthermore, the solvent DMSO requires special catheter material and causes pain during Onyx application.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Onyx has been primarily used for interventional neuroradiological treatment but peripheral applications are becoming increasingly more common.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Currently, Onyx is mainly used for embolotherapy of endoleaks after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair, for treatment of acute arterial bleeding and for treatment of arteriovenous malformations.
authors: Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 1, Regensburg, Germany. walter.wohlgemuth@ukr.de
authors: W A
authors: WA
authors: Wohlgemuth
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Uller
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Müller-Wille
mesh_terms: D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004617:Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; C450660:Onyx copolymer; D011145:Polyvinyls; D012996:Solutions; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide