title: Real-time particle size analysis using focused beam reflectance measurement as a process analytical technology tool for a continuous granulation-drying-milling process.
abstract: Focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) was used as a process analytical technology tool to perform inline real-time particle size analysis of a proprietary granulation manufactured using a continuous twin-screw granulation-drying-milling process. A significant relationship between D20, D50, and D80 length-weighted chord length and sieve particle size was observed with a p value of <0.0001 and R(2) of 0.886. A central composite response surface statistical design was used to evaluate the effect of granulator screw speed and Comil® impeller speed on the length-weighted chord length distribution (CLD) and particle size distribution (PSD) determined by FBRM and nested sieve analysis, respectively. The effect of granulator speed and mill speed on bulk density, tapped density, Compressibility Index, and Flowability Index were also investigated. An inline FBRM probe placed below the Comil-generated chord lengths and CLD data at designated times. The collection of the milled samples for sieve analysis and PSD evaluation were coordinated with the timing of the FBRM determinations. Both FBRM and sieve analysis resulted in similar bimodal distributions for all ten manufactured batches studied. Within the experimental space studied, the granulator screw speed (650-850 rpm) and Comil® impeller speed (1,000-2,000 rpm) did not have a significant effect on CLD, PSD, bulk density, tapped density, Compressibility Index, and Flowability Index (p value > 0.05).
authors: College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campbell University, 205 Day Dorm Road, Rm 105A, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA.
authors: Vijay
authors: V
authors: Kumar
authors: Michael K
authors: MK
authors: Taylor
authors: Amit
authors: A
authors: Mehrotra
authors: William C
authors: WC
authors: Stagner
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003199:Computer Systems; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010316:Particle Size; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D011205:Povidone / Q000737:chemistry; D012212:Rheology; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D008747:Methylcellulose; D011205:Povidone