title: Genetic diversity of spike, 3a, 3b and e genes of infectious bronchitis viruses and emergence of new recombinants  in Korea.
abstract: The nucleotide sequences of a region including S1, S2, 3a, 3b and E genes of twenty-seven infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates in Korea between 1990-2011 were determined and phylogenetic and computational recombination analyses were conducted. The sizes of coding regions of some genes varied among IBV isolates due to deletion or insertion of nucleotides; the nucleotide similarities of S1, S2, 3a, 3b and E genes among the 27 isolates were 75.9%-100.0%, 85%-100.0%, 64.0%-100.0%, 60.4%-100.0% and 83.1%-100.0%, respectively. According to phylogenetic analysis of S1 gene, the 27 isolates were divided into five genotypes, Mass, Korean-I (K-I), QX-like, KM91-like and New cluster 1. The phylogenetic trees based on the S2, 3a, 3b, E genes and S1-S2-3a-3b-E (S1-E) region nucleotide sequences did not closely follow the clustering based on the S1 sequence. The New cluster 1 prevalent during 2009 and 2010 was not found in 2011 but QX-like viruses became prevalent in 2011. The recombination analysis revealed two new S gene recombinants, 11036 and 11052 which might have been derived from recombinations between the New cluster 1 and QX-like viruses and between the K-I and H120 (vaccine) viruses, respectively. In conclusion, multiple IBV genotypes have co-circulated; QX-like viruses have recurred and new recombinants have emerged in Korea. This has enriched molecular epidemiology information of IBV and is useful for the control of IB in Korea.
authors: Laboratory of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. momeilan@163.com
authors: Mei-Lan
authors: ML
authors: Mo
authors: Seung-Min
authors: SM
authors: Hong
authors: Hyuk-Joon
authors: HJ
authors: Kwon
authors: Il-Hwan
authors: IH
authors: Kim
authors: Chang-Seon
authors: CS
authors: Song
authors: Jae-Hong
authors: JH
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D023061:Gene Order; D014644:Genetic Variation; D001351:Infectious bronchitis virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010802:Phylogeny; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D056910:Republic of Korea; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins