title: Cyclopia maculata and Cyclopia subternata (honeybush tea) inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes.
abstract: The stems, leaves and flowers of Cyclopia have been consumed as a herbal tea 'honeybush tea' to treat various medical ailments since the 19th century. Plant polyphenols are reported to inhibit adipogenesis in cell and animal models of obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of hot water extracts of two Cyclopia species, C. maculata and C. subternata on obesity in an in vitro model. The total polyphenol content of unfermented C. subternata, unfermented C. maculata and fermented C. maculata extracts was 25.6, 22.4 and 10.8g GAE/100g, respectively. The major compounds present in the extracts were: the flavonoid, phloretin-3',5'-di-C-glucoside in C. subternata, the xanthone, mangiferin in unfermented C. maculata and the flavanone, hesperidin in fermented C. maculata. All of the plant extracts inhibited intracellular triglyceride and fat accumulation, and decreased PPARγ2 expression. The higher concentrations of unfermented C. maculata (800 and 1600μg/ml) and C. subternata (1600μg/ml) were cytotoxic in terms of decreased mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity. Both fermented and unfermented C. maculata, at concentrations greater than 100μg/ml, decreased cellular ATP content. Cyclopia maculata and C. subternata inhibit adipogenesis in vitro, suggesting their potential as anti-obesity agents.
authors: Diabetes Discovery Platform, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.
authors: Zulfaqar
authors: Z
authors: Dudhia
authors: Johan
authors: J
authors: Louw
authors: Christo
authors: C
authors: Muller
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Joubert
authors: Dalene
authors: D
authors: de Beer
authors: Craig
authors: C
authors: Kinnear
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Pheiffer
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D053998:Cyclopia Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005285:Fermentation; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044004:Xanthones / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044004:Xanthones; C013592:mangiferin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C009689:xanthone; D006569:Hesperidin