title: [The biological role of prokaryotic and eukaryotic N-acetyltransferase].
abstract: The N-acetyltransferases (NAT; E.C.2.3.1.5) are involved in the metabolism of drugs and environmental toxins. They catalyse  the acetyl transfer from acetyl coenzyme A to an aromatic amine, heterocyclic amine, or hydrazine compound. NAT homologues  are present in numerous species from bacteria to human. Sequence variations in the human NAT1 and NAT2 result  in the production of NAT proteins with variable enzyme activity or stability, leading to slow or rapid acetylation. Therefore,  genetic polymorphisms in NAT1 and NAT2 influence drug metabolism and drug-related toxicity. Epidemiological studies  suggest that the NAT1 and NAT2 acetylation polymorphisms modify the risk of developing cancers of the urinary bladder,  colorectal, breast, head and neck, and lung.
authors: Zakład Mikrobiologii Instytutu Gruźlicy Chorób Płuc w Warszawie Kierownik, ul. Płocka 26, Warsaw. zabost@igichp.edu.pl
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Zabost
authors: Zofia
authors: Z
authors: Zwolska
authors: Ewa
authors: E
authors: Augustynowicz-Kopeć
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C089384:N-acetyltransferase 1; C478900:NAT2 protein, human