title: The origins of tropical marine biodiversity.
abstract: Recent phylogeographic studies have overturned three paradigms for the origins of marine biodiversity. (i) Physical (allopatric) isolation is not the sole avenue for marine speciation: many species diverge along ecological boundaries. (ii) Peripheral habitats such as oceanic archipelagos are not evolutionary graveyards: these regions can export biodiversity. (iii) Speciation in marine and terrestrial ecosystems follow similar processes but are not the same: opportunities for allopatric isolation are fewer in the oceans, leaving greater opportunity for speciation along ecological boundaries. Biodiversity hotspots such as the Caribbean Sea and the Indo-Pacific Coral Triangle produce and export species, but can also accumulate biodiversity produced in peripheral habitats. Both hotspots and peripheral ecosystems benefit from this exchange in a process dubbed biodiversity feedback.
authors: Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA. bbowen@hawaii.edu
authors: Brian W
authors: BW
authors: Bowen
authors: Luiz A
authors: LA
authors: Rocha
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Toonen
authors: Stephen A
authors: SA
authors: Karl
mesh_terms: D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000235:genetics*; D044822:Biodiversity; D017753:Ecosystem; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D009792:Oceans and Seas