title: Overview of cartilage biology and new trends in cartilage stimulation.
abstract: This article reviews the basics of articular cartilage biology, which provide a necessary foundation for understanding the evolving field of articular cartilage injury and repair. The currently popular treatment options for osteochondral injury (microfracture, osteochondral autograft transfer system, osteochondral allograft, autologous chondrocyte implantation, and the use of scaffolds with autologous chondrocyte implantation) document the significant advances made in this area in the past 2 decades. Integration of newly available information and technology derived from advances in molecular biology and tissue engineering holds even greater promise for continued advances in optimal management of this challenging problem.
authors: Santa Monica Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Group, 2020 Santa Monica Boulevard, Suite 400, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA. rtriche@smog-ortho.net
authors: Rachel
authors: R
authors: Triche
authors: Bert R
authors: BR
authors: Mandelbaum
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000637:transplantation*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration; D006801:Humans; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous