title: Semiquantitative analysis of apolipoprotein A-I modified by advanced glycation end products in diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I), the major component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), is modified by reactive α-oxoaldehydes, such as methylglyoxal (MG) and glycolaldehyde (GA), and these modifications affect the function of Apo A-I. GA- and MG-modified Apo A-I serum levels were semiquantitatively evaluated in diabetic patients to elucidate the association of each protein with diabetes and to determine its appropriateness as a serum marker of diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 44 subjects in this study (diabetic subjects, n = 24; nondiabetic subjects, n = 20). GA- and MG-modified Apo A-I levels in serum were determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by using anti-GA or anti-MG antibody and anti-Apo A-I antibody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The GA-modified Apo A-I levels did not significantly differ between the diabetic and nondiabetic subjects (1.00 ± 0.38 vs. 0.96 ± 0.22). However, the MG-modified Apo A-I levels in the diabetic subjects were significantly higher than those in the nondiabetic subjects (1.33 ± 0.52 vs. 0.90 ± 0.20). In addition, MG-modified Apo A-I levels correlated with the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, HDL-cholesterol levels, and the homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance, which are indicators of insulin resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MG-modified Apo A-I level may be an indicator of diabetic dyslipidemia and insulin resistance.
authors: Department of Molecular Medical Biology, Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan. kuro96@kitasato-u.ac.jp
authors: Yoshifumi
authors: Y
authors: Kurosaki
authors: Tomoaki
authors: T
authors: Tsukushi
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Munekata
authors: Tohru
authors: T
authors: Akahoshi
authors: Tatsumi
authors: T
authors: Moriya
authors: Zensuke
authors: Z
authors: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced