title: Higher bone marrow LGALS3 expression is an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
abstract: Alterations of galectin-3 expression are often seen in cancers and may contribute to tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and metastasis. The studies concerning clinical implications of galectin-3 expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are scarce. We investigated the expression of LGALS3, the gene encoding galectin-3, in the bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cells from an original cohort comprising 280 adults with primary non-acute promyelocytic leukemia. Higher LGALS3 expression was closely associated with older age, French-American-British M4/M5 subtypes, CD14 expression on leukemic cells, and PTPN11 mutation, but negatively correlated with CEBPA mutation and FLT3-ITD. Compared with patients with lower LGALS3 expression, those with higher expression had lower complete remission rates, higher primary refractory rates, and shorter overall survival. This result was validated in an independent validation cohort. A scoring system incorporating higher LGALS3 expression and 8 other risk factors, including age, white blood cell count, cytogenetics, and gene mutations, into survival analysis proved to be very useful to stratify patients with AML into different prognostic groups (P < .001). In conclusion, BM LGALS3 expression may serve as a new biomarker to predict clinical outcome in patients with AML, and galectin-3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in those patients with higher expression of this protein.
authors: Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
authors: Chieh-Lung
authors: CL
authors: Cheng
authors: Hsin-An
authors: HA
authors: Hou
authors: Ming-Cheng
authors: MC
authors: Lee
authors: Chieh-Yu
authors: CY
authors: Liu
authors: Jie-Yang
authors: JY
authors: Jhuang
authors: Yan-Jun
authors: YJ
authors: Lai
authors: Chung-Wu
authors: CW
authors: Lin
authors: Huan-Yuan
authors: HY
authors: Chen
authors: Fu-Tong
authors: FT
authors: Liu
authors: Wen-Chien
authors: WC
authors: Chou
authors: Chien-Yuan
authors: CY
authors: Chen
authors: Jih-Luh
authors: JL
authors: Tang
authors: Ming
authors: M
authors: Yao
authors: Shang-Yi
authors: SY
authors: Huang
authors: Bor-Sheng
authors: BS
authors: Ko
authors: Shang-Ju
authors: SJ
authors: Wu
authors: Woei
authors: W
authors: Tsay
authors: Hwei-Fang
authors: HF
authors: Tien
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D059785:Karyotype; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D011379:Prognosis; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D037502:Galectin 3; D012313:RNA