title: Emerging therapies in pediatric pain management.
abstract: Infants and children are typically undertreated for pain. Many treatment options are available to prevent and diminish the pain experienced by children during venipuncture. Infusion nurses must employ pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options to make the experience more positive for the child, the family, and the nurse. These treatment options are explored in this article.
authors: Via Christi Hospitals Wichita, Inc., and School of Nursing, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas 67214, USA. wendy.mosiman@viachristi.org
authors: Wendy
authors: W
authors: Mosiman
authors: Debra
authors: D
authors: Pile
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000700:Analgesics / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016527:Drug Costs; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009339:Needles / Q000009:adverse effects; D059408:Pain Management; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010371:Pediatric Nursing; D010372:Pediatrics
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics