title: Application of direct virtual coil to dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and MR angiography with data-driven parallel imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the feasibility of direct virtual coil (DVC) in the setting of 4D dynamic imaging used in multiple clinical applications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three dynamic imaging applications were chosen: pulmonary perfusion, liver perfusion, and peripheral MR angiography (MRA), with 18, 11, and 10 subjects, respectively. After view-sharing, the k-space data were reconstructed twice: once with channel-by-channel (CBC) followed by sum-of-squares coil combination and once with DVC. Images reconstructed using CBC and DVC were compared and scored based on overall image quality by two experienced radiologists using a five-point scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CBC and DVC showed similar image quality in image domain. Time course measurements also showed good agreement in the temporal domain. CBC and DVC images were scored as equivalent for all pulmonary perfusion cases, all liver perfusion cases, and four of the 10 peripheral MRA cases. For the remaining six peripheral MRA cases, DVC were scored as slightly better (not clinically significant) than the CBC images by Radiologist A and as equivalent by Radiologist B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For dynamic contrast-enhanced MR applications, it is clinically feasible to reduce image reconstruction time while maintaining image quality and time course measurement using the DVC technique.
authors: Global Applied Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
authors: Kang
authors: K
authors: Wang
authors: Philip J
authors: PJ
authors: Beatty
authors: Scott K
authors: SK
authors: Nagle
authors: Scott B
authors: SB
authors: Reeder
authors: James H
authors: JH
authors: Holmes
authors: Mahdi S
authors: MS
authors: Rahimi
authors: Laura C
authors: LC
authors: Bell
authors: Frank R
authors: FR
authors: Korosec
authors: Jean H
authors: JH
authors: Brittain
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014584:User-Computer Interface