title: Comparison of embryo morphokinetics after in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection in smoking and nonsmoking women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of female smoking on early embryo development in vitro using a time-lapse system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected database.
  
  
  METHODS
  Assisted reproductive technology (ART) program.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 135 infertile couples undergoing IVF-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Embryo culture in a time-lapse incubator (Embryoscope, Unisense Fertilitech).
  
  
  METHODS
  Embryo morphokinetic parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 135 women, 139 and 729 oocytes were cultured in 23 smokers and 112 nonsmokers, respectively. Basal characteristics and ovarian stimulation parameters were comparable in both groups. Serum antimüllerian hormone level and antral follicle count were significantly lower in smokers than in nonsmokers. Conventional embryologic parameters were comparable in both groups, but time-lapse analysis showed that most cleavage events occurred significantly later in smokers than in nonsmokers, leading to poor cycle outcome in smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female smoking impairs early embryo development, as reflected by time-lapse analysis. This might contribute to the dramatic decrease in pregnancy rates (PRs) in smokers undergoing IVF. Time lapse is a useful tool for the identification of deleterious components impairing early embryo development.
authors: CHU Nantes, Service de Médecine et Biologie de la Reproduction, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France. thomas.freour@chu-nantes.fr
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Fréour
authors: Lionel
authors: L
authors: Dessolle
authors: Jenna
authors: J
authors: Lammers
authors: Stéphanie
authors: S
authors: Lattes
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Barrière
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002970:Cleavage Stage, Ovum; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007700:Kinetics; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D059008:Time-Lapse Imaging
chemical_list: D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone