title: Chocolate consumption modulates cytokine production in healthy individuals.
abstract: Epidemiological studies suggest that chocolate increases the incidence and severity of acne. Here we demonstrate that chocolate consumption primes human blood mononuclear cells from volunteers to release more interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-10 upon stimulation with Propionibacterium acne or Staphylcoccus aureus, the two microorganisms involved in the pathogenesis of acne. In contrast, production of the Th17-derived cytokine IL-22 was inhibited by chocolate. Modulation of inflammation could represent an important mechanism through which chocolate consumption influences acne.
authors: Department of Medicine and Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Stejara A
authors: SA
authors: Netea
authors: Sam A
authors: SA
authors: Janssen
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Jaeger
authors: Trees
authors: T
authors: Jansen
authors: Liesbeth
authors: L
authors: Jacobs
authors: Gosia
authors: G
authors: Miller-Tomaszewska
authors: Theo S
authors: TS
authors: Plantinga
authors: Mihai G
authors: MG
authors: Netea
authors: Leo A B
authors: LA
authors: Joosten
mesh_terms: D002099:Cacao / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005419:Flavonoids