title: Polymorphisms of interleukin-1 Beta and interleukin-17Alpha genes are associated with restless legs syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dopamine, iron, and inflammatory pathways are considered important to the development of restless legs syndrome (RLS). Recent genetic studies support involvement of dopamine and iron; however, cytokine gene variation in the inflammatory component remains unexplored. A recent study reported a high prevalence of RLS among HIV-infected adults. We estimate occurrence of RLS in an ethnically diverse sample of HIV-infected adults and examine differences in demographic factors, clinical characteristics, and biomarkers relating to dopamine, iron, and inflammation between adults with and without RLS symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective longitudinal study aimed at identifying biomarkers of RLS symptom experience among HIV-infected adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  316 HIV-positive adults were evaluated using International RLS Study Group criteria. Genes were chosen for hypothesized relationships to dopamine (NOS1, NOS2), iron (HFE) or inflammation-mediated by cytokine genes (interferon [IFN], interleukin [IL], nuclear factor kappa-B [NFKB], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFA]).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Similar to general population estimates, 11% of the sample met all four RLS diagnostic criteria. Controlling for race, gender, and hemoglobin, carrying two copies of the minor allele for IL1B rs1143643, rs1143634, or rs1143633 or carrying the minor allele for IL17A rs8193036 was associated with increased likelihood of meeting RLS diagnostic criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides preliminary evidence of a genetic association between IL1B and IL17A genes and RLS.
authors: 1Department of Women, Children, and Family Health Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors: Mary Dawn
authors: MD
authors: Hennessy
authors: Rochelle S
authors: RS
authors: Zak
authors: Caryl L
authors: CL
authors: Gay
authors: Clive R
authors: CR
authors: Pullinger
authors: Kathryn A
authors: KA
authors: Lee
authors: Bradley E
authors: BE
authors: Aouizerat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000235:genetics*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508717:IL17A protein, human; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: HIV/AIDS; genes; inflammation; restless legs syndrome