title: Utilization of acetic acid-rich pyrolytic bio-oil by microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: reducing bio-oil toxicity and enhancing algal toxicity tolerance.
abstract: This work was to utilize acetic acid contained in bio-oil for growth and lipid production of the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The acetic acid-rich bio-oil fraction derived from fast pyrolysis of softwood contained 26% (w/w) acetic acid, formic acid, methanol, furfural, acetol, and phenolics as identified compounds, and 13% (w/w) unidentified compounds. Among those identified compounds, phenolics were most inhibitory to algal growth, followed by furfural and acetol. To enhance the fermentability of the bio-oil fraction, activated carbon was used to reduce the toxicity of the bio-oil, while metabolic evolution was used to enhance the toxicity tolerance of the microalgae. Combining activated carbon treatment and using evolved algal strain resulted in significant algal growth improvement. The results collectively showed that fast pyrolysis-fermentation process was a viable approach for converting biomass into fuels and chemicals.
authors: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Liang
authors: Xuefei
authors: X
authors: Zhao
authors: Zhanyou
authors: Z
authors: Chi
authors: Marjorie
authors: M
authors: Rover
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Johnston
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Brown
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Jarboe
authors: Zhiyou
authors: Z
authors: Wen
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*; D056804:Biofuels / Q000633:toxicity*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000494:pharmacology; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D058086:Microalgae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D009821:Oils / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009821:Oils; D002606:Charcoal; D019342:Acetic Acid