title: Dorsal fractures of the triquetrum: MRI findings with an emphasis on dorsal carpal ligament injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of our study was to report the MRI findings in dorsal fractures of the triquetrum, with an emphasis on dorsal carpal ligament injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 21 patients (16 men, five women; mean age, 41.9 years) with acute or subacute (≤ 6 weeks) dorsal triquetral fractures on radiography and MRI were included in this two-center retrospective study. MRI of the wrist was performed on 3-T units with transverse T1-weighted, coronal or transverse (or both) fat-suppressed T2weighted, transverse gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted turbo spin-echo, and 3D gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted gradient-recalled echo sequences. Three musculoskeletal radiologists evaluated the ulnar styloid process index (USPI) on radiographs and the following MRI features: fracture pattern (types 1-6), bone fragment size and displacement, bone marrow edema distribution, and dorsal carpal ligament tears.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight type 1, one type 2, six type 3, five type 4, and one type 5 fractures were identified. These fractures were associated with 14 (66.7%), 17 (81.0%), and 16 (76.2%) tears of the dorsal radiocarpal, ulnotriquetral, and intercarpal ligaments, respectively. There was no correlation between bone marrow edema distribution and dorsal carpal ligament injuries (all p > 0.05). The mean (± SD) bone fragment volume and displacement were 205 ± 157 mm(3) and 1.0 ± 1.1 mm, respectively. The mean USPI was 0.21 ± 0.10.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dorsal fractures of the triquetrum are frequently associated with dorsal carpal ligament injuries. Bone marrow edema distribution is not correlated with these ligament tears.
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. fabio.becce@chuv.ch
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Becce
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Theumann
authors: Christof
authors: C
authors: Bollmann
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Omoumi
authors: Delphine
authors: D
authors: Richarme
authors: Henri
authors: H
authors: Guerini
authors: Raphaël
authors: R
authors: Campagna
authors: Reto
authors: R
authors: Meuli
authors: Jean-Luc
authors: JL
authors: Drapé
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000473:pathology*; D051221:Triquetrum Bone / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult