title: Helicopter emergency medical services crew administration of antibiotics for open fractures.
abstract: This study had 3 major aims: (1) to ascertain the degree to which helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) administration of antibiotics (Abx) can streamline the time to Abx in open fracture patients, (2) to determine whether any clinical outcome improvements were associated with HEMS Abx therapy, and (3) to calculate the cost-effectiveness of prehospital HEMS Abx. The design of the study was a prospective, nonrandomized, nonintervention, natural study of timing and clinical outcomes for patients with suspected open extremity fracture. There were 138 scene trauma cases transported by 8 participating HEMS programs from July 2009 to June 2010. The participating HEMS programs were both urban and rural. The diagnosis of an open fracture by the HEMS crews had an accuracy rate of 97.8% (95% confidence interval, 90.8%-98.4%). The time from the incident to Abx was 30 minutes shorter (P = .0001) when Abx were administered by HEMS crews. There was no statistical significance (P = 1.0) regarding the endpoint of infection or nonunion development in HEMS- versus hospital-administered Abx. In conclusion, the administration of Abx by HEMS crews to patients diagnosed with open extremity fractures is feasible, it may decrease the time to Abx by 30 minutes, and the effect magnitude (40.3% relative risk reduction) was promising.
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA. Stephen-Thomas@OUHSC.edu
authors: Stephen H
authors: SH
authors: Thomas
authors: Annette O
authors: AO
authors: Arthur
authors: Zoe
authors: Z
authors: Howard
authors: Melissa L
authors: ML
authors: Shear
authors: John L
authors: JL
authors: Kadzielski
authors: Mark S
authors: MS
authors: Vrahas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017732:Air Ambulances; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D005597:Fractures, Open / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D000078329:Workforce; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents