title: Combination of single walled carbon nanotubes/graphene oxide with paclitaxel: a reactive oxygen species mediated synergism for treatment of lung cancer.
abstract: Heterogeneity in tumors has led to the development of combination therapies that enable enhanced cell death. Previously explored combination therapies mostly involved the use of bioactive molecules. In this work, we explored a non-conventional strategy of using carbon nanostructures (CNs) [single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) and graphene oxide (GO)] for potentiating the efficacy of a bioactive molecule [paclitaxel (Tx)] for the treatment of lung cancer. The results demonstrated enhanced cell death following combination treatment of SWNT/GO and Tx indicating a synergistic effect. In addition, synergism was abrogated in the presence of an anti-oxidant, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), and was therefore shown to be reactive oxygen species (ROS) dependent. It was further demonstrated using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay that treatment with CNs was associated with enhanced mitogen associated protein kinase (MAPK) activation that was ROS mediated. Hence, these results for the first time demonstrated the potential of SWNT/GO as co-therapeutic agents with Tx for the treatment of lung cancer.
authors: Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology - Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors: Neha
authors: N
authors: Arya
authors: Aditya
authors: A
authors: Arora
authors: K S
authors: KS
authors: Vasu
authors: A K
authors: AK
authors: Sood
authors: Dhirendra S
authors: DS
authors: Katti
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004337:Drug Carriers; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D010087:Oxides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006108:Graphite; D017239:Paclitaxel