title: Incidence of post-intubation subglottic stenosis in children: prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence of subglottic stenosis in children undergoing endotracheal intubation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children in the paediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital were considered eligible for inclusion if they received endotracheal intubation for more than 24 hours. After extubation, children underwent flexible fibre-optic nasolaryngoscopy. Based on this first evaluation, they were divided into two groups: 'acute normal', with mild laryngeal alterations or normal findings; and 'acute alterations', with moderate to severe laryngeal alterations. Further laryngoscopic follow up (7-10 days later) was undertaken for those children in the acute normal group who developed symptoms during follow up (after discharge from the intensive care unit), and for all children in the acute alterations group. Children were then classified into two final groups: 'normal final examination', with no chronic changes; and 'subglottic stenosis'.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 123 children. The incidence of subglottic stenosis was 11.38 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 6.63-17.94 per cent). All the children who developed subglottic stenosis had had moderate to severe alterations immediately after extubation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This incidence of subglottic stenosis is quite high and needs further investigation to identify risk factors.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. causch@hotmail.com
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Schweiger
authors: P J Cauduro
authors: PJ
authors: Marostica
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: Smith
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Manica
authors: P R Antonacci
authors: PR
authors: Carvalho
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Kuhl
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005931:Glottis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D007829:Laryngostenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies