title: AaORA, a trichome-specific AP2/ERF transcription factor of Artemisia annua, is a positive regulator in the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway and in disease resistance to Botrytis cinerea.
abstract: · Six transcription factors of APETALA2/ethylene-response factor (AP2/ERF) family were cloned and analyzed in Artemisia annua. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-Q-PCR) showed that AaORA exhibited similar expression patterns to those of amorpha-4,11-diene synthase gene (ADS), cytochrome P450-dependent hydroxylase gene (CYP71AV1) and double bond reductase 2 gene (DBR2) in different tissues of A. annua. · AaORA is a trichome-specific transcription factor, which is expressed in both glandular secretory trichomes (GSTs) and nonglandular T-shaped trichomes (TSTs) of A. annua. The result of subcellular localization shows that AaORA is targeted to the nuclei and the cytoplasm. · Overexpression and RNA interference (RNAi) of AaORA in A. annua regulated, positively and significantly, the expression levels of ADS, CYP71AV1, DBR2 and AaERF1. The up-regulated or down-regulated expression levels of these genes resulted in a significant increase or decrease in artemisinin and dihydroartemisinic acid. The results demonstrate that AaORA is a positive regulator in the biosynthesis of artemisinin. · Overexpression of AaORA in Arabidopsis thaliana increased greatly the transcript levels of the defense marker genes PLANT DEFENSIN1.2 (PDF1.2), HEVEIN-LIKE PROTEIN (HEL) and BASIC CHITINASE (B-CHI). After inoculation with Botrytis cinerea, the phenotypes of AaORA overexpression in A. thaliana and AaORA RNAi in A. annua demonstrate that AaORA is a positive regulator of disease resistance to B. cinerea.
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Xu
authors: X
authors: Lu
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Fangyuan
authors: F
authors: Zhang
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Weimin
authors: W
authors: Jiang
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Shen
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Lida
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Zongyou
authors: Z
authors: Lv
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Guofeng
authors: G
authors: Wang
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors: Kexuan
authors: K
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D031172:Artemisia annua / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000235:genetics; D020171:Botrytis / Q000502:physiology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000276:immunology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D034622:RNA Interference; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D037621:Artemisinins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C520462:dihydroartemisinic acid; D005966:Glucuronidase