title: ASPMN survey--nurses' practice patterns related to monitoring and preventing respiratory depression.
abstract: The American Society for Pain Management Nursing convened a taskforce to develop guidelines on monitoring for opioid-induced sedation and respiratory depression. Part of the guideline development was the determination of nursing practice patterns related to monitoring and preventing respiratory depression during the administration of analgesics for pain. One hundred and forty-seven responses were received from 90 unique institutions across the United States. Monitoring adults with intermittent pulse oximetry while using intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) was 58%. Adults were monitored with continuous pulse oximetry by 25% of respondents. When using continuous epidural analgesia, 56% of patients were monitored intermittently, and 40% were monitored continuously. The use of end tidal CO2 (ETCO2) monitoring was much less, with 2.2% patients on epidural therapy, and 1.5% of institutions were using ETCO2 with IV PCA. The survey also included the location of the alarm, respiratory parameters for alarms, changes in procedures reported by institutions, and definitions of high-risk patients.
authors: Villanova University, College of Nursing, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA. jwillens75@gmail.com
authors: Joyce S
authors: JS
authors: Willens
authors: Carla R
authors: CR
authors: Jungquist
authors: Carla R
authors: CR
authors: Junquist
authors: Abigail
authors: A
authors: Cohen
authors: Rosemary
authors: R
authors: Polomano
mesh_terms: D059787:Acute Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D056902:Clinical Alarms / Q000592:standards; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000451:nursing / Q000592:standards; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing* / Q000592:standards*; D009270:Naloxone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000592:standards; D010092:Oximetry / Q000451:nursing / Q000592:standards; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000592:standards; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000451:nursing* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012308:Risk Management; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009270:Naloxone