title: Microvascular complications and diabetic retinopathy: recent advances and future implications.
abstract: Retinal microvascular alterations have been observed during diabetic retinopathy (DR) due to the retinal susceptibility towards subtle pathological alterations. Therefore, retinal microvascular pathology is essential to understand the nature of retinal degenerations during DR. In this review, the role of retinal microvasculature complications during progression of DR, along with recent efforts to normalize such alterations for better therapeutic outcome, will be underlined. In addition, current therapeutics and future directions for advancement of standard treatment for DR patients will be discussed.
authors: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
authors: Megha
authors: M
authors: Barot
authors: Mitan R
authors: MR
authors: Gokulgandhi
authors: Sulabh
authors: S
authors: Patel
authors: Ashim K
authors: AK
authors: Mitra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D055806:Microvessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D013256:Steroids; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A