title: Comparison of cytokine gene polymorphism in drug-induced maculopapular eruption, urticaria and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphisms of genes controlling cytokine production have not been studied in the genetic susceptibility to cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADR).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to determine whether polymorphisms in nine cytokine genes were associated to the occurrence of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) compared to drug-induced maculopapular eruption or urticaria and to controls without drug intolerance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Results from 118 patients with a well-defined CADR were compared to 236 controls without drug intolerance living in the same area of France. We assessed nine polymorphisms: interleukin (IL)1-alpha-889C>T (rs 1800587), IL1-beta-511C>T (rs 16944), IL1-RN intron-2-VNTR (rs2234663), IL2-330T>G (rs 2069762), IL4-33C>T (rs 2070874), IL5-745C>T (rs 2069812), IL10-592C>A (rs 1800872), IL16-295T>C (rs 4778889) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha-308G>A (rs 1800629).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three polymorphisms exhibited a significant association with CADR (P < 0.05). The combination of the IL1-RN-A2 and IL1-beta-511C alleles was statistically different between cases and controls (P = 0.007) and the A2C haplotype was associated with susceptibility to CADR, particularly in drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) patients (odds ratio = 3.22; 95% confidence interval = 1.23-8.41; P = 0.016). The frequency of the IL10-592A allele was higher in DRESS patients than in controls (dominant model CC vs. CA + AA: P = 0.035). These abnormalities were not evident in maculopapular eruptions or urticaria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study showing that IL1-cluster polymorphisms and haplotypes and the IL10-592A allele (a low IL10 producer) are associated with DRESS. These gene variants may decrease drug tolerance and promote herpes virus reactivation.
authors: CHU Nancy, Service de Dermatologie and INGRES research Unit, pôle des Spécialités médicales, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France; INSERM, U954, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Barbaud
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Waton
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Herbeth
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Bursztejn
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Bollaert
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Schmutz
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Guéant-Rodriguez
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Namour
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Guéant
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Aimone-Gastin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D063926:Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines