title: Limonoids from the fruits of Melia azedarach and their cytotoxic activities.
abstract: Thirty-one limonoids and one tirucallane-type triterpenoid were isolated from the fruits of Melia azedarach (Meliaceae). The structures of 14 of these isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and comparison with literature. All of these compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against HL60, A549, AZ521, and SK-BR-3 human cancer cell lines. Meliarachin C (IC50 0.65 μM) and 3-O-deacetyl-4'-demethyl-28-oxosalannin (IC50 2.8 μM) exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against HL60 cells, and this was demonstrated mainly due to the induction of apoptosis by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis suggested that both compounds induced apoptosis via both the mitochondrial and death receptor-mediated pathways. In addition, 25 compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in Raji cells.
authors: College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan. akihisa.toshihiro@nihon-u.ac.jp
authors: Toshihiro
authors: T
authors: Akihisa
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Pan
authors: Yasuhiro
authors: Y
authors: Nakamura
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Kikuchi
authors: Nami
authors: N
authors: Takahashi
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Matsumoto
authors: Eri
authors: E
authors: Ogihara
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Fukatsu
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Koike
authors: Harukuni
authors: H
authors: Tokuda
mesh_terms: D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D036701:Limonins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D031586:Melia azedarach / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D036701:Limonins