title: Using cost as a consideration for antiretroviral regimen selection: an example using average wholesale prices.
abstract: Funding for the AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP) has lagged behind the number of persons needing antiretroviral therapy, leading to waiting lists and reduction of needed treatments and services. This paper demonstrates a method of providing more treatment for the same amount of money by selecting clinically equivalent, but lower-cost drug regimens. Average wholesale prices (AWPs) were used to calculate the annual costs of preferred, alternative, and acceptable regimens. The cost of each regimen was divided into $1,000,000 to determine how many patients could be treated per $1,000,000 that an ADAP had to spend. AWPs for preferred regimens ranged from $25,318 to 35,645 per year. For alternative regimens, the range of annual AWPs was $22,002-$32,335. The range for the acceptable regimens was $19,031-$31,543. The range of person treated per $1,000,000 per year was from 28 to 52. Funding shortages will lead ADAPs to resort to waiting lists or other means of denying appropriate care unless alternative approaches to treatment are sought. Cost conscious selection of regimens where there is no harm to individual patients is one alternative approach. Medical conditions that allow exceptions to lower-cost-based regimens must be developed with the assistance of clinicians.
authors: a Department of Medicine , The University of Texas Health Science Center , Houston , TX , USA.
authors: Richard M
authors: RM
authors: Grimes
authors: Tina A
authors: TA
authors: Shenouda
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000191:economics*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D016527:Drug Costs; D005252:Fees, Pharmaceutical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans