title: Protective effects of calcium pre-exposure against waterborne cadmium toxicity in Synechogobius hasta.
abstract: The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of calcium (Ca) pre-exposure and then waterborne cadmium (Cd) exposure on metal element accumulation, enzymatic activities, histology, and ultrastructure in Synechogobius hasta and test the hypothesis that Ca could protect against Cd-induced toxicity in the fish species. Three hundred sixty fish [initial mean weight 25.5 ± 0.1 g (mean ± SEM)] were stocked in 18 circular fiberglass tanks (water volume: 300 l), 9 of which were pre-exposed to Ca at a rate of 400 mg Ca/l for 9 days and then exposed to concentrations of 0, 79.3, and 158.6 μg Cd/l for 9 days. Another 9 tanks were cultured in natural seawater (no extra Ca addition) for 9 days and then exposed to concentrations of 0, 79.3, and 158.6 μg Cd/l for 9 days. Both Ca pre-exposure and then waterborne Cd exposure influenced the accumulation of metal elements [cadmium (Cd), copper, zinc, and iron] in several tissues (muscle, gill, liver, spleen, and intestine), changed hepatic intermediary metabolism, and induced histological and ultrastructural alterations in tissues. In general, Ca pre-exposure seemed to mitigate the severity of Cd-induced mortality and histopathological injuries indicating that Ca pre-exposure had the capacity to decrease Cd toxicity in S. hasta.
authors: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors: Yu-Feng
authors: YF
authors: Song
authors: Zhi
authors: Z
authors: Luo
authors: Qi-Liang
authors: QL
authors: Chen
authors: Xu
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Cai-Xia
authors: CX
authors: Liu
authors: Jia-Lang
authors: JL
authors: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010473:Perciformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D002118:Calcium