title: Mother-offspring transmission and age-dependent accumulation of simian foamy virus in wild chimpanzees.
abstract: Simian foamy viruses (SFVs) are thought to infect virtually any adult nonhuman primate (NHP). While many data have accumulated about patterns of codivergence with their hosts and cross-species transmission events, little is known about the modalities of SFV transmission within NHP species, especially in the wild. Here we provide a detailed investigation of the dynamics of SFV circulation in a wild community of Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). We demonstrate that mother-offspring (vertical) SFV transmission is common and hypothesize that it accounts for a number of primary infections. We also show that multiple infections with several chimpanzee-specific SFV strains (i.e., superinfection) commonly happen in adult chimpanzees, which might point to adult-specific aggressive behaviors as a lifelong source of SFV infection. Our data give evidence for complex SFV dynamics in wild chimpanzees, even at a single community scale, and show that linking wild NHP social interactions and their microorganisms' dynamics is feasible.
authors: Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Anja
authors: A
authors: Blasse
authors: Sébastien
authors: S
authors: Calvignac-Spencer
authors: Kevin
authors: K
authors: Merkel
authors: Adeelia S
authors: AS
authors: Goffe
authors: Christophe
authors: C
authors: Boesch
authors: Roger
authors: R
authors: Mundry
authors: Fabian H
authors: FH
authors: Leendertz
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000821:virology; D018420:Ape Diseases / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000821:virology*; D010375:Pedigree; D012192:Retroviridae Infections / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D053150:Simian foamy virus / Q000502:physiology*