title: Profile of dual tobacco users in India: an analysis from Global Adult Tobacco Survey, 2009-10.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Individuals who use both smoked and smokeless tobacco products (dual tobacco users) form a special group about which little is known. This group is especially relevant to India, where smokeless tobacco use is very common. The aim of this study was to characterise the profile of dual users, study their pattern of initiation to the second product, their attitudes toward quittingas well as their cessation profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  The GATS dataset for India was analyzed using SPSS; .
  
  
  RESULTS
  In India, dual tobacco users (42.3 million; 5.3% of all adults; 15.4% of all tobacco users) have a profile similar to that of smokers. Some 52.6% of dual users started both practices within 2 years. The most prevalent product combination was bidi-khaini (1.79%) followed by bidi-gutka (1.50%), cigarette-khaini (1.28%), and cigarette-gutka (1.22%). Among daily users, the correlation between the daily frequencies of the use of each product was very high for most product combinations. While 36.7% of dual users were interested in quitting, only 5.0% of dual users could do so. The prevalence of ex-dual users was 0.4%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dual users constitute a large, high-risk group that requires special attention.
authors: Healis Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors: P C
authors: PC
authors: Gupta
authors: C S
authors: CS
authors: Ray
authors: S S
authors: SS
authors: Narake
authors: K M
authors: KM
authors: Palipudi
authors: D N
authors: DN
authors: Sinha
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Asma
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Blutcher-Nelson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D028023:Arecaceae; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D020340:Tobacco Use Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult