title: Use of polyetheretherketone as a material for solid phase extraction of hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human urine.
abstract: In this study, a novel application of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) tubing for solid phase extraction (SPE) of urinary hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) is presented. The use of PEEK tubing for extracting nine OH-PAHs (2-5 rings) from different matrixes (e.g., urine, acid/enzymatic hydrolysis solution) was demonstrated; a facile method for fast (<2 min) quantification of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPyr) was also developed by the use of PEEK tubing extraction coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Although no optimization was performed for the extraction process, a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.01 μg L(-1) was obtained, and the ratio of signal intensity of 1-OHPyr to that of 1-OHPyr-d9 (internal standard) was linearly related with the 1-OHPyr concentration over the range of 0.05-5.00 μg L(-1) (R(2) = 0.9995). Satisfactory recoveries (87-91%) were achieved, and less than 2 min was required to carry out the whole analytical procedure including sample pretreatment and mass spectrometric detection. In a biomonitoring study, the PEEK tubing extraction based method was successfully applied to the quantification of 1-OHPyr in eight human urine samples, further confirming the potential of PEEK tubing for SPE of organic compounds.
authors: Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China. zlpamylee@gmail.com
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Renato
authors: R
authors: Zenobi
mesh_terms: D001577:Benzophenones; D006801:Humans; D006900:Hydroxylation; D007659:Ketones / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000652:urine; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones; D007659:Ketones; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011108:Polymers; D011721:Pyrenes; C063834:polyetheretherketone; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C033146:1-hydroxypyrene