title: Titanium elastic nails, open reduction internal fixation and non-operative management for middle third clavicle fractures: a comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare clinical outcomes between titanium elastic nails (TENS), open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) and non-operative treatment options at mean 30 months in Allman type 1 fractures of the clavicle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case matched.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary Trauma Centre, UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment method was based on surgeon choice although there was no difference between groups in terms of age or gender. Those treated non-operatively tended to have a less severe fracture pattern. There were 25 patients treated with TENS, 24 with ORIF and 41 treated conservatively. Main outcome measurements are qDASH questionnaire, patient satisfaction question and clinical complication rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients managed with TENS had significantly better clinical outcomes than both plate fixation and non-operatively managed groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports the use of TENS fixation of middle third clavicle fractures in significantly displaced Allman type 1 injuries.
authors: , Oxford, UK, luke.jones@ndorms.ox.ac.uk.
authors: Luke D
authors: LD
authors: Jones
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Grammatopoulos
authors: Gregoris
authors: G
authors: Kambouroglou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001858:Bone Nails; D001860:Bone Plates; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002968:Clavicle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium