title: A randomized clinical trial of the efficacy of extended smoking cessation treatment for adolescent smokers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Relatively few well-designed smoking cessation studies have been conducted with teen smokers. This study examined the efficacy of extended cognitive-behavioral treatment in promoting longer term smoking cessation among adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Open-label smoking cessation treatment consisted of 10 weeks of school-based, cognitive-behavioral group counseling along with 9 weeks of nicotine replacement (nicotine patch). A total of 141 adolescent smokers in continuation high schools in the San Francisco Bay Area were randomized to either 9 additional group sessions over a 14-week period (extended group) or 4 monthly smoking status calls (nonextended group). Intention-to-treat logistic regression analysis was used to assess the primary outcome of biologically confirmed (carbon monoxide < 9 ppm) point prevalence abstinence at Week 26 (6-month follow-up from baseline).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At Week 26 follow-up, the extended treatment group had a significantly higher abstinence rate (21%) than the nonextended treatment (7%; OR = 4.24, 95% CI: 1.20-15.02). Females also were more likely to be abstinent at the follow-up than males (OR = 4.15, 95% CI: 1.17-14.71).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significantly higher abstinence rate at follow-up for the extended treatment group provides strong support for continued development of longer term interventions for adolescent smoking cessation.
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR;
authors: Steffani R
authors: SR
authors: Bailey
authors: Sarah A
authors: SA
authors: Hagen
authors: Christina J
authors: CJ
authors: Jeffery
authors: Christopher T
authors: CT
authors: Harrison
authors: Seth
authors: S
authors: Ammerman
authors: Susan W
authors: SW
authors: Bryson
authors: Diana T
authors: DT
authors: Killen
authors: Thomas N
authors: TN
authors: Robinson
authors: Joel D
authors: JD
authors: Killen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012907:Smoking / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine