title: HIV/HBV coinfection in children and antiviral therapy.
abstract: Small cohort studies from countries where both HIV and HBV are endemic demonstrate prevalence rates of chronic hepatitis B in HIV-infected children of between 1 and 49%. While data on coinfected children are limited, results from studies in adults with HIV/HBV coinfection raise the concern that coinfected children may be at a higher risk of liver disease, hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. With the scale-up of combination antiretroviral therapy worldwide, of which lamivudine is included in most first-line regimens, coinfected children treated with lamivudine risk development of HBV resistance mutations. This article summarizes the current literature relevant to HIV/HBV coinfection in children, the options for treatment and highlights priorities for future research.
authors: Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors: Sara A
authors: SA
authors: Healy
authors: Sonia
authors: S
authors: Gupta
authors: Ann J
authors: AJ
authors: Melvin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060085:Coinfection / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D019259:Lamivudine