title: Cytokine secretion and markers of inflammation in relation to acidosis among chronic hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Various cytokines are increased in hemodialysis (HD) patients, and are considered prognostic markers. Metabolic acidosis is common among chronic HD patients and is associated with survival. The relationship between acidosis and cytokines in HD patients has not been fully explored. The study aim was to measure pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in HD patients, with relation to bicarbonate levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven stable HD patients were included (male/female 28/19, mean age 70.4 ± 14.5 years). Blood tests were taken before a midweek dialysis session. Cytokine secretion from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acidosis versus no acidosis (serum HCO3 – 21.5 ± 0.2 vs. 24.9 ± 0.3 mEq/l, p < 0.001) was associated with decreased secretion of the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10, 1.16 ± 0.11 vs. 1.71 ± 0.20 ng/ml, p = 0.023). Patients with acidosis had higher parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium-phosphate product, protein intake and transferrin. Higher IL-10 was associated with increased IL-6 secretion, higher bicarbonate, younger age and lower PTH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In stable chronic HD patients, a possible direct relation exists between metabolic acidosis and IL-10.
authors: Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rabin Medical Center-Hasharon Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.
authors: Yaacov
authors: Y
authors: Ori
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Bergman
authors: Hanna
authors: H
authors: Bessler
authors: Boris
authors: B
authors: Zingerman
authors: Rachel S
authors: RS
authors: Levy-Drummer
authors: Uzi
authors: U
authors: Gafter
authors: Hertzel
authors: H
authors: Salman
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D015415:Biomarkers; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D016753:Interleukin-10