title: [Effects of astaxanthin on renal fibrosis and cell apoptosis induced by partial unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of astaxanthin on renal fibrosis and apoptosis induced by partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six male adult SD rats were randomized into 6 equal groups, namely the blank control group, sham-operated group, UUO group, and astaxanthin group at high, medium, and low doses. Left ureteral ligation was performed in UUO and astaxanthin groups, and two days before the operation, the rats in astaxanthin groups were lavaged with 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg astaxanthin daily for 14 days, while the same volume of saline was given to rats in UUO group and sham-operated group. Renal pathological in the rats was observed with HE staining, and the expression levels of TGF-β1, SGK1, and CTGF in the left kidney were detected immunohistochemically; the expression level of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected using Bcl-2 and Bax detection kits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to UUO group, high- and medium-dose astaxanthin groups showed obviously ameliorated renal pathologies and reduced expressions of TGF-β1, SGK1, and CTGF in the left kidney with lessened renal cell apoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Astaxanthin can reduce UUO-induced renal fibrosis and renal cell apoptosis, demonstrating the renoprotective effect of astaxanthin against renal fibrosis.
authors: Department of Nephrology, 421 Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou, China. XCX421@163.com
authors: Chaoxin
authors: C
authors: Xie
authors: Meng
authors: M
authors: Meng
authors: Xianfeng
authors: X
authors: Yin
authors: Fengling
authors: F
authors: He
authors: Hanshen
authors: H
authors: Ye
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Xie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D005355:Fibrosis; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000494:pharmacology; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases
chemical_list: D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D024341:Xanthophylls; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases; C494828:Bax protein, rat; C526316:CCN2 protein, rat; C508962:Tgfb1 protein, rat; C005948:astaxanthine