title: The hypocholesterolemic effect of capsaicinoids in ovariectomized rats fed with a cholesterol-free diet was mediated by inhibition of hepatic cholesterol synthesis.
abstract: Previous studies showed that capsaicinoid supplementation favorably modifies the plasma lipoprotein profile. The present study investigated the effect of capsaicinoids on plasma lipids and gene expressions of key receptors and enzymes involved in cholesterol metabolism in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. OVX rats were fed with a cholesterol-free diet and orally administered 0 mg kg(-1) bw (OVX-CON), 5 mg kg(-1) bw (OVX-LD), 10 mg kg(-1) bw (OVX-MD), and 15 mg kg(-1) bw (OVX-HD) capsaicinoids daily for 28 days. As the capsaicinoids dose increased, body weight gain and concentrations of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as total lipid accumulation were significantly decreased. In addition, the mRNA levels of hepatic 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase and cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase were down-regulated, whereas those of transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1, ileal apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter, and intestinal bile acid binding protein were up-regulated. The excretion of small intestinal bile acid contents and fecal bile acid also decreased. These results suggest that capsaicinoids can prevent ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia by inhibiting the hepatic cholesterol synthesis.
authors: College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Guoshan
authors: G
authors: Fang
authors: Longhui
authors: L
authors: Zheng
authors: Zhongdao
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Xiong
authors: X
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D029363:Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent / Q000378:metabolism; D010052:Ovariectomy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027981:Symporters / Q000378:metabolism; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000032:analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015854:Up-Regulation; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D029363:Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D027981:Symporters; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; D014280:Triglycerides; C493922:Trpv1 protein, rat; C071908:sodium-bile acid cotransporter; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase; D002211:Capsaicin