title: Electrophysiological characterization of membrane transport proteins.
abstract: Active transport in biological membranes has been traditionally studied using a variety of biochemical and biophysical techniques, including electrophysiology. This review focuses on aspects of electrophysiological methods that make them particularly suited for the investigation of transporter function. Two major approaches to electrical recording of transporter activity are discussed: (a) artificial planar lipid membranes, such as the black lipid membrane and solid supported membrane, which are useful for studies on bacterial transporters and transporters of intracellular compartments, and (b) patch clamp and voltage clamp techniques, which investigate transporters in native cellular membranes. The analytical power of these methods is highlighted by several examples of mechanistic studies of specific membrane proteins, including cytochrome c oxidase, NhaA Na(+)/H(+) exchanger, ClC-7 H(+)/Cl(-) exchanger, glutamate transporters, and neutral amino acid transporters. These examples reveal the wealth of mechanistic information that can be obtained when electrophysiological methods are used in combination with rapid perturbation approaches.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, 13902, USA. cgrewer@binghamton.edu
authors: Christof
authors: C
authors: Grewer
authors: Armanda
authors: A
authors: Gameiro
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Mager
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Fendler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques
chemical_list: D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins