title: Clinical and radiological outcomes of microscopic partial pediculectomy for degenerative lumbar foraminal stenosis.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical outcomes of microscopic partial pediculectomy for degenerative lumbar craniocaudal foraminal stenosis, risk factors for postsurgical scoliosis progression, and feasibility of postsurgical pedicle screw insertion.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have evaluated surgical strategies for degenerative lumbar foraminal stenosis. Although less invasive decompression surgery is an option for surgical treatment, postsurgical instability and salvaging fusion surgery remain as problems. No analysis has focused on the radiological progression and feasibility of pedicle screw setting after pediculectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microscopic partial pediculectomy by our original method was performed as a first-choice surgical treatment for lumbar radiculopathy due to degenerative craniocaudal foraminal stenosis. This study included 50 consecutive patients followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and a numerical rating scale. Radiological changes were obtained from standing radiographs. Foraminal height and the minimum pedicle diameter were measured by reconstructed images on multidetector row computed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The preoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association score of 14.2 ± 4.2 significantly improved to 21.5 ± 6.2, and 60% of patients were satisfied. The numerical rating scale for lumbar back pain, leg pain, and leg numbness significantly improved. Nine patients (18%) showed lumbar Cobb angle progression of 5° or more within 2 years, and the risk factor for scoliosis progression was surgery at L3-L4 or L4-L5 by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Foraminal height was enlarged from 5.4 mm preoperatively to 8.9 mm postoperatively. The postoperative minimum pedicle diameter was 8.7 ± 1.6 (5.9-11.7) mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microscopic lumbar partial pediculectomy provided satisfactory clinical outcomes, but early postsurgical scoliosis progression was likely to occur in patients who underwent the surgery at L3-L4 or L4-L5. Even if a second surgical procedure is needed, pedicle screws can be set on the resected pedicle.
  
  
  METHODS
  4.
authors: *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ishikiriseiki Hospital, Higashi-Osaka, Japan; and †Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Kentaro
authors: K
authors: Yamada
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Matsuda
authors: Hisanori
authors: H
authors: Cho
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Habunaga
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Kono
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001863:Bone Screws; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome