title: Novel hormone treatment of benign metastasizing leiomyoma: an analysis of five cases and literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate novel hormonal therapies in patients with unresectable benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  National Institutes of Health (NIH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Five subjects with the diagnosis of BML based on imaging and/or histopathologic diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four patients were treated with single or combination therapy of leuprolide acetate and/or an aromatase inhibitor. One patient was treated with an antiprogestin (CDB-2914).
  
  
  METHODS
  Response to therapy was measured by tumor burden on cross-sectional imaging employing RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) 1.1 guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four patients treated with single or combination therapy of leuprolide acetate and/or an aromatase inhibitor demonstrated stable disease with reduction in tumor burden. The fifth patient treated with antiprogestin (CDB-2914) had degeneration of her tumor, progression of its size, and an improvement in symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hormone treatment with GnRH agonist and/or aromatase inhibition may be a therapeutic option to reduce tumor burden in unresectable BML disease or for those patients who wish to avoid surgical intervention. RECIST 1.1 guidelines, while traditionally used to evaluate tumor response to cancer therapeutics, may be useful in evaluating BML tumor burden response to hormone therapy.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. elewis@mednet.ucla.edu
authors: Erin I
authors: EI
authors: Lewis
authors: Rebecca J
authors: RJ
authors: Chason
authors: Alan H
authors: AH
authors: DeCherney
authors: Alicia
authors: A
authors: Armstrong
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Elkas
authors: Aradhana M
authors: AM
authors: Venkatesan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D018231:Leiomyomatosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009649:Norpregnadienes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D009649:Norpregnadienes; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; C094854:ulipristal; D016729:Leuprolide