title: Pentoxifylline treatment for protecting diabetic retinopaty in children with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine whether oral pentoxifylline (PTX) would improve retinal microvascular hemodynamics in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-invasive ultrasonographic measurements were made in 56 type 1 diabetic patients. The diabetic patients were matched first in terms of age, diabetes duration, then one individual within each pair was randomized into a pentoxifylline group and a control group. Pentoxifylline was administered for 6 months. We investigated the change of peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), pulsatility index (PI), and resistivity index (RI) of central retinal artery (CRA) at 6 months after pentoxifylline. We investigated the relationship between PI, RI and carotide cross-sectional compliance (C-CSC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison to changes in CRA measurements between the two groups, the pentoxifylline treatment group had significantly lower PI values (p=0.01). The RI, PSV and EDV were lower in pentoxifylline group but not statistically different. There was a positive correlation between CRA PSV and carotid Vmax (cm/s) (r=0.29, p=0.02) and also C-CSC (r=0.27, p=0.03). In addition, there was a positive correlation between PI and C-CSC (r=0.3, p=0.02). In the pentoxifylline group there was a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and an increase in HDL level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that pentoxifylline may have a protective action for diabetic retinopathy and might modulate risk factors for atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes.
authors: Department of Radiology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Murat
authors: M
authors: Baykara
authors: Mehmet Emre
authors: ME
authors: Atabek
authors: Beray Selver
authors: BS
authors: Eklioglu
authors: Selim
authors: S
authors: Kurtoglu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D010431:Pentoxifylline