title: Uric acid levels, even in the normal range, are associated with increased cardiovascular risk: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between serum uric acid (UA) levels and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects without diabetes or hyperuricemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  6172 women and 2662 men aged 50+ years without diabetes from Phase 1 of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study were included. Data on personal history, physical examination and biochemical parameters were collected. Subjects were categorized by serum UA concentration, and the association between UA levels and cardiovascular risk factors was examined using generalized linear models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both men and women with normouricemia (UA<420 μmol/l in men and <360 μmol/l in women), tertiles of UA levels were adversely associated with body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, total- and HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse pressure, fasting plasma glucose and white blood cell count (P value for trend ranged from 0.04 to <0.001), and also consistently associated with metabolic disorders including obesity, hypertension, hypertension treatment, dyslipidemia, waist circumference increased since the age of 18 years and the metabolic syndrome (P value for trend ranged from 0.02 to <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increasing UA levels, even in subjects with normouricemia and without diabetes, were associated with increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting that clinically dichotomous definition of hyperuricemia may be inadequate and high-normal value of UA may warn of metabolic disorders.
authors: Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Ya Li
authors: YL
authors: Jin
authors: Tong
authors: T
authors: Zhu
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: Wei Sen
authors: WS
authors: Zhang
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Liu
authors: Chao Qiang
authors: CQ
authors: Jiang
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Yu
authors: Li Ming
authors: LM
authors: Huang
authors: Kar Keung
authors: KK
authors: Cheng
authors: G Neil
authors: GN
authors: Thomas
authors: Tai Hing
authors: TH
authors: Lam
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid
keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Diabetes; Hyperuricemia; Uric acid