title: Expression of type I interferon-induced antiviral state and pro-apoptosis markers during experimental infection with low or high virulence bovine viral diarrhea virus in beef calves.
abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the mRNA expression of host genes involved in type-I interferon-induced antiviral state (IFN-α, IFN-β, Mx-1, PKR, OAS-1 and ISG-15), and apoptosis (caspase-3, -8, and -9), after experimental infection of beef calves with low or high virulence noncytopathic (ncp) bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains. Thirty BVDV-naïve, clinically normal calves were randomly assigned to three groups. Calves were intranasally inoculated with low (LV; n=10, strain SD-1) or high (HV; n=10, strain 1373) virulence ncp BVDV or BVDV-free cell culture medium (Control, n=10). Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the target gene expression in tracheo-bronchial lymph nodes and spleen 5 days after infection. Interferon-α and -β mRNA levels were up-regulated in tracheo-bronchial lymph nodes (P<0.05) in the HV group, but not in the LV group, compared with the control group. There was an up-regulation of type I interferon-induced genes in spleen and tracheo-bronchial lymph nodes of HV and LV groups, compared with the control group (P<0.01). mRNA levels of OAS-1 and ISG-15 were significantly higher in LV than HV calves (P<0.05). A significant up-regulation of caspase-8 and -9 was observed in tracheo-bronchial lymph nodes in the LV group (P=0.01), but not in the HV group. In conclusion, experimental infection with either high or low virulence BVDV strains induced a significant expression of the type I interferon-induced genes in beef calves. There was a differential expression of some interferon-induced genes (OAS-1 and ISG-15) and pro-apoptosis markers based on BVDV virulence and genotype.
authors: Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA. palomnr@uga.edu
authors: Roberto A
authors: RA
authors: Palomares
authors: Heather G
authors: HG
authors: Walz
authors: Kenny V
authors: KV
authors: Brock
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D030241:Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D030242:Diarrhea Virus 2, Bovine Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D018182:Pestivirus Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013154:Spleen / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D007370:Interferon Type I