title: Management of a renal calculus larger than 4 cm in a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex-associated angiomyolipoma.
abstract: Renal calculi in patients with renal angiomyolipomas are difficult to treat because of the hemorrhagic potential of these tumors. We describe the case of a 65-year-old man having tuberous sclerosis complex-associated multifocal renal angiomyolipomas with a large renal calculus. The patient presented with left flank dullness and a previous history of spontaneous angiomyolipoma rupture. Intravenous pyelography revealed a 43 × 16 mm calculus in the pelvis and lower calyx of the left kidney. The calculus was successfully removed by retrograde flexible ureterorenoscopy and holmium-YAG lithotripsy. Flexible ureterorenoscopy is an effective, minimally invasive therapy for patients at high risk of renal hemorrhage.
authors: Department of Urology, Toyama City Hospital, Toyama, Japan.
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Kodama
authors: Yasukazu
authors: Y
authors: Takase
authors: Isamu
authors: I
authors: Motoi
keywords: Angiomyolipoma; flexible ureterorenoscopy; nephrolithiasis; tuberous sclerosis complex