title: "I am sane but he is mad": Insight and illness attributions to self and others in psychosis.
abstract: We attempted to explore whether lack of insight in patients with psychosis is related to their genuine inability to recognise symptoms of mental illness as opposed to denial. We addressed this by examining participants' judgments of illness in vignettes in which they were either the protagonist or were commenting on others' behaviour. We recruited 44 first episode psychosis patients and 23 healthy controls to make judgements of specially constructed vignettes describing psychotic symptoms. Insight, Theory of Mind (ToM) and IQ was also measured. Patients' and controls' rating of vignettes overall did not differ significantly with respect to their attribution of mental illness. Patients and controls rated 2nd person vignettes similarly; patients were less likely to attribute mental illness to a character described in the 3rd person. This effect correlated with insight scores. Vignette judgments were significantly correlated with ToM performance but this was moderated by IQ. In conclusion, patients with lower insight tend to make the same attributions to others as to themselves, whilst healthy controls tend to think of mental illness as something seen in other people. There was no support for a 'denial' explanation for lack of insight in these patients.
authors: Section of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK.
authors: Benjamin D R
authors: BD
authors: Wiffen
authors: Jennifer A
authors: JA
authors: O'Connor
authors: Charlotte
authors: C
authors: Gayer-Anderson
authors: Tiago
authors: T
authors: Reis Marques
authors: Grant
authors: G
authors: McQueen
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Happé
authors: Robin M
authors: RM
authors: Murray
authors: Anthony S
authors: AS
authors: David
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003717:Denial, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D007600:Judgment / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D056345:Theory of Mind; D055815:Young Adult