title: Biodegradability and biodegradation pathways of endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate.
abstract: Endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate are persistent organic pollutants that cause serious environmental problems. Although these compounds are already prohibited in many countries, residues can be detected in soils with a history of endosulfan application. Endosulfan is transformed in the environment into endosulfan sulfate, which is a toxic and persistent metabolite. However, some microorganisms can degrade endosulfan without producing endosulfan sulfate, and some can degrade endosulfan sulfate. Therefore, biodegradation has the potential to clean up soil contaminated with endosulfan. In this review, we provide an overview of aerobic endosulfan degradation by bacteria and fungi, and a summary of recent advances and prospects in this research field.
authors: Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan.
authors: Ryota
authors: R
authors: Kataoka
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Takagi
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001711:Biotransformation; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; C544689:endosulfan sulfate; D004726:Endosulfan