title: MHC-driven HIV-1 control on the long run is not systematically determined at early times post-HIV-1 infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-driven long-term protection against HIV-1 is mainly associated with HLA-B*27 and HLA-B*57. This effect is observed early after infection. Clarification needs to be established concerning the moment of action for the other HLA-B or HLA-C alleles.
  
  
  METHODS
  HLA-B and HLA-C alleles from 111 individuals that control HIV-1 disease for over 8 years and from 747 seroconverters frequencies were compared. Also, HLA-B and HLA-C influence on early levels of plasma HIV-RNA, cellular HIV-DNA, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8 ratio was evaluated among the seroconverters. We performed univariate, multivariate and haplotypic analyses in order to disentangle the respective contribution of the HLA-B and HLA-C genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The haplotypes analysis shows three patterns of protective effects of HLA-B and HLA-C alleles or haplotypes. First, the HLA B*57, HLA-B*27, HLA-B*13 and HLA-C*14 alleles, which have a strong effect on long-term disease control, also influence at least one of the early infection phenotypes. Second, HLA-B*52 has a strong effect during early time points on HIV-RNA without significant effect on the long-term control of HIV-1. Finally, the HLA-B*14-C*08 haplotype has a strong effect on the long-term protection, without influencing early viral control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study highlighted independent effects of HLA-B and HLA-C alleles on HIV-disease progression. Furthermore, some alleles appeared to be specifically associated with either long-term control or early virological parameters, suggesting different immunological mechanisms according to the disease stages.
authors: Epidemiology and Public Health Service, APHP, Hôpital du Kremlin Bicêtre, Université Paris-Sud, Paris, France.
authors: Guillemette
authors: G
authors: Antoni
authors: Julien
authors: J
authors: Guergnon
authors: Céline
authors: C
authors: Meaudre
authors: Assia
authors: A
authors: Samri
authors: Faroudy
authors: F
authors: Boufassa
authors: Cécile
authors: C
authors: Goujard
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Lambotte
authors: Brigitte
authors: B
authors: Autran
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Rouzioux
authors: Dominique
authors: D
authors: Costagliola
authors: Laurence
authors: L
authors: Meyer
authors: Ioannis
authors: I
authors: Theodorou
mesh_terms: D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D015236:HLA-C Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D015235:HLA-B Antigens; D015236:HLA-C Antigens