title: Case of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma with anaplastic features in the pineal gland.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Different types of tumor have been reported in the pineal gland, but pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) in this region is extremely rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 61-year-old man had gait disturbance and dementia for 1 month. Radiological examination revealed a 22 × 26 × 22-mm-diameter mass in the pineal gland and remarkable hydrocephalus. Biopsy of the tumor was performed and histological examination confirmed diagnosis of PXA with anaplastic features. Radiation therapy with concomitant temozolomide was performed, and tumor reduction was achieved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report the first case of PXA with anaplastic features in the pineal gland. This case indicates that temozolomide and radiation therapy are effective for treating PXA with anaplastic features.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Zaifu-cho 5, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan, k.kosuke@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp.
authors: Kosuke
authors: K
authors: Katayama
authors: Kenichiro
authors: K
authors: Asano
authors: Norihito
authors: N
authors: Shimamura
authors: Yukari
authors: Y
authors: Ogasawara
authors: Masato
authors: M
authors: Naraoka
authors: Hiroki
authors: H
authors: Ohkuma
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Kurose
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D006801:Humans; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010871:Pinealoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D000077204:Temozolomide; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014750:Vincristine; D016899:Interferon-beta; D003606:Dacarbazine; D000077204:Temozolomide