title: Variation in the γ-glutamyltransferase 1 gene and risk of chronic pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Individuals with chronic pancreatitis are at increased risk for pancreatic cancer. We hypothesized that genetic variation in the γ-glutamyltransferase 1 (GGT1) gene, which was recently reported associated with pancreatic cancer risk in a genome-wide association study, is also associated with risk of chronic pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Associations between common polymorphisms in GGT1 and chronic pancreatitis were evaluated using data and samples from the North American Pancreatitis Study 2. Patients (n = 496) and control subjects (n = 465) were genotyped for 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms: rs4820599, rs2017869, rs8135987, and rs5751901. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for chronic pancreatitis risk were calculated using multiple logistic regression models. Interactions with cigarette smoking and alcohol use were explored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs8135987 and rs4820599 were both statistically significantly associated with risk of chronic pancreatitis; compared with common allele homozygotes, individuals with at least 1 minor allele were at increased risk (rs8135987: OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.03-1.80 [P(trend) = 0.01]; rs4820599: OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.04-1.84 [P(trend) = 0.0]; adjusted for age, sex, race, smoking status, and alcohol use). No significant interactions with cigarette smoking and alcohol use were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that common variation in the GGT1 gene may also affect risk of chronic pancreatitis.
authors: Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors: Harrison
authors: H
authors: Brand
authors: Brenda
authors: B
authors: Diergaarde
authors: Michael R
authors: MR
authors: O'Connell
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Whitcomb
authors: Randall E
authors: RE
authors: Brand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase