title: Office-related antibiotic prescribing for Medicaid-enrolled children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prudent antibiotic prescribing practices are essential to limiting antibiotic resistance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the trend in percentage of office visits for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) linked with an antibiotic prescription.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of Montana Medicaid billing claims data for each year, 1999 to 2010, was done. Participants included continuously enrolled children aged ≤14 years. Primary outcomes were ARI-related office visits and filled antibiotic prescriptions within 10 days of the office visit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 873 244 office visits identified, 116 962 (13%) had an ARI as the primary diagnosis. Among ARI-related office visits, 64 250 (55%) were linked with an antibiotic prescription. From 1999 to 2010, the odds of ARI-related visits being linked with an antibiotic prescription did not change (odds ratio = 1.00; 95% confidence interval = 0.995-1.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The percentage of ARI-related visits linked with an antibiotic prescription did not decrease from 1999 to 2010. Further efforts are needed to reduce antibiotic treatment for ARIs.
authors: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. ggE5@cdc.gov
authors: Randall J
authors: RJ
authors: Nett
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Campana
authors: Cody L
authors: CL
authors: Custis
authors: Steven D
authors: SD
authors: Helgerson
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D057970:Inappropriate Prescribing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008484:Medicaid; D009009:Montana; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Medicaid; Montana; antibacterial agents; child; prescriptions; respiratory tract infections