title: T lymphocytes orient against the direction of fluid flow during LFA-1-mediated migration.
abstract: As they leave the blood stream and travel to lymph nodes or sites of inflammation, T lymphocytes are captured by the endothelium and migrate along the vascular wall to permissive sites of transmigration. These processes take place under the influence of hemodynamic shear stress; therefore, we investigated how migrational speed and directionality are influenced by variations in shear stress. We examined human effector T lymphocytes on intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)-coated surfaces under the influence of shear stresses from 2 to 60 dyn.cm(-2). T lymphocytes were shown to respond to shear stress application by a rapid (30 s) and fully reversible orientation of their migration against the fluid flow without a change in migration speed. Primary T lymphocytes migrating on ICAM-1 in the presence of uniformly applied SDF-1α were also found to migrate against the direction of shear flow. In sharp contrast, neutrophils migrating in the presence of uniformly applied fMLP and leukemic HSB2 T lymphocytes migrating on ICAM-1 alone oriented their migration downstream, with the direction of fluid flow. Our findings suggest that, in addition to biochemical cues, shear stress is a contributing factor to leukocyte migration directionality.
authors: Laboratoire d'Adhésion Cellulaire et Inflammation, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7333, Marseille, France. marie-pierre.valignat@inserm.fr
authors: Marie-Pierre
authors: MP
authors: Valignat
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Theodoly
authors: Alexia
authors: A
authors: Gucciardi
authors: Nancy
authors: N
authors: Hogg
authors: Annemarie C
authors: AC
authors: Lellouch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D058948:Cell Tracking; D006801:Humans; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D012212:Rheology / Q000187:drug effects; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen