title: Galectin-1 serum levels reflect tumor burden and adverse clinical features in classical Hodgkin lymphoma.
abstract: Galectin-1 (Gal1) is a member of a highly conserved family of carbohydrate-binding proteins. It modulates innate and adaptive immune responses and fosters tumor-immune escape. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) Reed-Sternberg cells overexpress and secrete Gal1, which selectively kills T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cells and cytotoxic T cells and promotes the immunosuppressive Th2/regulatory T-cell-predominant HL microenvironment. We developed a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and assessed serum Gal1 levels in 293 newly diagnosed, previously untreated patients with classical HL (cHL) enrolled in 3 risk-adapted clinical trials. Serum Gal1 levels were significantly higher in patients with cHL than in normal controls (P < .0001). Gal1 serum levels also increased with Ann Arbor stage (P = .012), areas of nodal involvement (P < .0001), and the International Prognostic Score (2-7, P = .019). We conclude that Gal1 serum levels are significantly associated with tumor burden and related clinical features in newly diagnosed cHL patients.
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Ouyang
authors: Annette
authors: A
authors: Plütschow
authors: Elke
authors: E
authors: Pogge von Strandmann
authors: Katrin S
authors: KS
authors: Reiners
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Ponader
authors: Gabriel A
authors: GA
authors: Rabinovich
authors: Donna
authors: D
authors: Neuberg
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Engert
authors: Margaret A
authors: MA
authors: Shipp
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000097:blood*; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D037483:Galectin 1