title: Fibroblast senescence and squamous cell carcinoma: how wounding therapies could be protective.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which has one of the highest incidences of all cancers in the United States, is an age-dependent disease, with the majority of these cancers diagnosed in people age 70 and older. Recent findings have led to a new hypothesis on the pathogenesis of SCC.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the potential of preventive therapies to reduce the incidence of SCC in at-risk geriatric patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey of current literature on wounding therapies to prevent SCCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This new hypothesis of SCC photocarcinogenesis states that senescent fibroblasts accumulate in the dermis, resulting in a reduction in dermal insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression. This lack of IGF-1 expression sensitizes epidermal keratinocytes to fail to suppress ultraviolet light B (UVB)-induced mutations, leading to increased proclivity to photocarcinogenesis. Recent evidence suggests that dermal wounding therapies, specifically dermabrasion and fractionated laser resurfacing, can decrease the proportion of senescent dermal fibroblasts, increase dermal IGF-1 expression, and correct the inappropriate UVB response found in geriatric skin, protecting geriatric keratinocytes from UVB-induced SCC initiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this review, we will discuss the translation of pioneering basic science results implicating commonly used dermal fibroblast rejuvenation procedures as preventative treatments for SCC.
authors: Department of Dermatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA. jtravers@iupui.edu
authors: Jeffrey B
authors: JB
authors: Travers
authors: Dan F
authors: DF
authors: Spandau
authors: Davina A
authors: DA
authors: Lewis
authors: Christiane
authors: C
authors: Machado
authors: Melanie
authors: M
authors: Kingsley
authors: Nico
authors: N
authors: Mousdicas
authors: Ally-Khan
authors: AK
authors: Somani
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D004249:DNA Damage; D003869:Dermabrasion; D020405:Dermis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D012060:Rejuvenation; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I