title: Increased risk of IgA nephropathy among individuals with celiac disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk of future biopsy-verified IgA nephropathy (IgAN) among individuals with biopsy-verified celiac disease (CD).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Individuals with CD suffer increased risk of end-stage renal disease. An association between CD and IgAN has been suggested; however, results have been inconclusive and no previous study has considered the risk of IgAN in biopsy-verified CD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a population-based prospective cohort study. We identified 27,160 individuals with CD (Marsh stage III) and no previous renal disease through small-intestinal biopsy reports obtained between July 1969 and February 2008 in all (n=28) Swedish pathology departments. Individuals with IgAN were identified by biopsy reports acquired at the 4 Swedish pathology departments specialized in renal pathology. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the risk of future IgAN among individuals with CD compared with 133,949 age-matched and sex-matched reference individuals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven (0.026%) individuals with CD and 11 (0.008%) reference individuals developed IgAN. We found an increased risk of biopsy-verified IgAN among individuals with CD [hazard ratio, 3.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-7.56]. The risk increase remained statistically significant after adjustment for prior liver disease and country of birth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals with CD suffer a 3-fold increased risk of future IgAN. Our findings warrant awareness of renal function in individuals with CD.
authors: Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. adina.welander@ki.se
authors: Adina
authors: A
authors: Welander
authors: Birgitta
authors: B
authors: Sundelin
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Fored
authors: Jonas F
authors: JF
authors: Ludvigsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012306:Risk; D013548:Sweden; D055815:Young Adult