title: Application of crop straw derived biochars to Cu(II) contaminated Ultisol: evaluating role of alkali and organic functional groups in Cu(II) immobilization.
abstract: When Cu(II) contaminated Ultisol was mixed with biochar derived from straw and incubated for 120 d, acid-soluble Cu(II) decreased by 0.08-0.33 mmol/kg due to the liming effect of biochar; 1.00-1.93 mmol/kg due to organic functional groups of biochar when it was added to the soil at 30 g/kg, and by 1.40-2.43 mmol/kg at 50 g/kg. The total functional groups and volatile matter (VM) were significantly related to Cu(II) immobilization (P<0.01), suggesting that it is functional groups in VM that are essential to Cu(II) immobilization in soil. The percentage of acid soluble Cu(II) decreased from 43.07% for the control, to 18.83-27.45% and 11.03-20.97% for the treatments with 30 and 50 g/kg of crop straw biochars added, respectively. The immobilized Cu(II) was primarily transformed to reducible and oxidizable forms. Biochar could retain Cu(II) for at least 120 d, indicating the long-term stability of biochar in Cu(II) immobilization.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Jiang
authors: Ren-kou
authors: RK
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D000468:Alkalies / Q000737:chemistry*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D003300:Copper / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012995:Solubility; D014866:Waste Products
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010087:Oxides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014866:Waste Products; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal; D003300:Copper; C016538:lime