title: Low level technology tool (LLTT) in screening for blindness: test qualities in the outpatients department of a tertiary eye unit using the Snellen chart.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate the use of finger counting (low level technology tool) in screening for blindness in the outpatients department of a tertiary eye unit with the view of employing the test for screening illiterate people in hard to reach parts of the country where the conventional visual acuity charts are not available.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aperformance evaluation of counting fingers (LLTT) in screening for blindness against the standard test (Snellen chart).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit, Parirenyatwa Hospital, Zimbabwe.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients presenting to the Eye Outpatient Department at Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit with various eye problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sensitivity of low level technology tool (LLTT) in identifying blind people.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitivity and specificity of LLTT in detecting blindness in all age groups combined was 100% and 88.5% respectively. Although sensitivity was not affected by patient age, specificity decreased with increasing age. The overall positive predictive value for the test was 53.3% and the prevalence of blindness among outpatient attendees was 11.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Finger counting is an effective tool that can be employed in screening for blindness in communities which are hard to reach, have low literacy rate and when conventional methods of testing visual acuity are not available.
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box A 178, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe. drmasanganise@tamen.co.zw
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Masanganise
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Rusakaniko
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Manjonjori
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001766:Blindness / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D003906:Developing Countries; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015351:Vision Screening / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult; D015030:Zimbabwe