title: Hydrothermal liquefaction of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in sub- and supercritical ethanol with heterogeneous catalysts.
abstract: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of low lipid content microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa with heterogeneous catalysts was processed under sub- and supercritical conditions of ethanol (200-300°C, 2.8-9.0 MPa, 30 min). The HTL products were separated into bio-crude, gas, solid residue and volatile components, and then characterized. The highest mass and energy recovery ratios of bio-crude on the dry basis of alga were 71.3% and 101.8% respectively, obtained at 240°C, while the highest higher heating value of bio-crude was 36.19 MJ/kg, obtained at 300°C. Temperature was found to be the most dominant parameter. H2 as a processing gas at an initial pressure of 1.03 MPa slightly improved the bio-crude yield and quality. Raney-Ni and HZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts had no significant effect on the presented HTL process. The results indicated that HTL with ethanol as the solvent was able to produce 50-70 wt.% of bio-crude directly from C. pyrenoidosa.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors: Jixiang
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Wan-Ting
authors: WT
authors: Chen
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Zhang
authors: Zhongyang
authors: Z
authors: Luo
authors: Yuanhui
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002384:Catalysis / Q000187:drug effects; D002708:Chlorella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004055:Differential Thermal Analysis; D004602:Elements; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D014835:Volatilization / Q000187:drug effects; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004602:Elements; D005740:Gases; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol