title: Pathological effects of processed bovine pericardial scaffolds--a comparative in vivo evaluation.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to assess the biocompatibility and regenerative potential of decellularized bovine pericardial scaffold in comparison with glutaraldehyde-treated and fresh bovine pericardial implants using short-term intramuscular implantation testing in a rat model. The inflammatory and immune responses were assessed using histopathological examination, special stains for connective tissue, histomorphometric evaluation, and immunohistochemistry. The decellularized pericardium showed an active tissue remodeling response with complete cellular invasion, minimum connective tissue encapsulation, extensive fibrovascular tissue formation, and collagen deposition. On the contrary, the glutaraldehyde-treated pericardial implants showed incomplete degradation and cellular invasion, while the fresh pericardial implants elicited a severe foreign body reaction. The results of immunohistochemical staining revealed a minimum T helper (CD4+) lymphocyte response in decellularized pericardial implants compared with its glutaraldehyde-treated and fresh counterparts. The decellularized bovine pericardium was better accepted as a prosthetic scaffold, which permitted maximum collagen deposition and active tissue remodeling by invading host cells and showed good tissue integration in vivo compared with glutaraldehyde-treated and fresh/untreated pericardium.
authors: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India. thampiparvathy@gmail.com
authors: Parvathy
authors: P
authors: Thampi
authors: Divakaran
authors: D
authors: Nair
authors: Lalithakunjamma
authors: L
authors: R
authors: Vijayan
authors: V
authors: N
authors: Syam
authors: S
authors: Venugopal
authors: Umashankar
authors: U
authors: Ramachandra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D005355:Fibrosis; D005404:Fixatives; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005976:Glutaral; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D010496:Pericardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005404:Fixatives; D003094:Collagen; D005976:Glutaral
keywords: Biocompatibility; Decellularized bovine pericardium; Scaffold