title: Factors affecting local progression after percutaneous cryoablation of lung tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate factors predicting local tumor progression after percutaneous cryoablation of lung tumors (PCLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-one consecutive patients with 210 tumors (11 primary and 199 metastatic pulmonary neoplasms; mean maximum diameter, 12.8 mm) were treated with 102 sessions of PCLT. Rates of local tumor progression and technique effectiveness were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Multiple variables were evaluated with the log-rank test, followed by uni- and multivariate multilevel analyses to identify independent risk factors, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. All statistical tests were two-sided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median follow-up period was 454 days (range, 79-2,467 d). Local tumor progression occurred in 50 tumors (23.8%). One-, 2-, and 3-year local progression-free rates were 80.4%, 69.0%, and 67.7%, respectively, and technique effectiveness rates were 91.4%, 83.0%, and 83.0%, respectively. Existence of a thick vessel (diameter≥3 mm) no more than 3 mm from the edge of the tumor was assessed as an independent factor (HR, 3.84; 95% CI, 1.59-9.30; P = .003) associated with local progression by multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presence of a vessel at least 3 mm in diameter close to the tumor represents an independent risk factor for local progression after PCLT.
authors: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. yashiro@rad.med.keio.ac.jp
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Yashiro
authors: Seishi
authors: S
authors: Nakatsuka
authors: Masanori
authors: M
authors: Inoue
authors: Masafumi
authors: M
authors: Kawamura
authors: Norimasa
authors: N
authors: Tsukada
authors: Keisuke
authors: K
authors: Asakura
authors: Yoshikane
authors: Y
authors: Yamauchi
authors: Kohei
authors: K
authors: Hashimoto
authors: Sachio
authors: S
authors: Kuribayashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003452:Cryosurgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome