title: Extracts, anthocyanins and procyanidins from Aronia melanocarpa as radical scavengers and enzyme inhibitors.
abstract: Extracts, subfractions, isolated anthocyanins and isolated procyanidins B2, B5 and C1 from the berries and bark of Aronia melanocarpa were investigated for their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. Four different bioassays were used, namely scavenging of the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, inhibition of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO), inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO) and inhibition of α-glucosidase. Among the anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-arabinoside possessed the strongest and cyanidin 3-xyloside the weakest radical scavenging and enzyme inhibitory activity. These effects seem to be influenced by the sugar units linked to the anthocyanidin. Subfractions enriched in procyanidins were found to be potent α-glucosidase inhibitors; they possessed high radical scavenging properties, strong inhibitory activity towards 15-LO and moderate inhibitory activity towards XO. Trimeric procyanidin C1 showed higher activity in the biological assays compared to the dimeric procyanidins B2 and B5. This study suggests that different polyphenolic compounds of A. melanocarpa can have beneficial effects in reducing blood glucose levels due to inhibition of α-glucosidase and may have a potential to alleviate oxidative stress.
authors: School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. p.m.braunlich@farmasi.uio.no
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Bräunlich
authors: Rune
authors: R
authors: Slimestad
authors: Helle
authors: H
authors: Wangensteen
authors: Cato
authors: C
authors: Brede
authors: Karl E
authors: KE
authors: Malterud
authors: Hilde
authors: H
authors: Barsett
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D046936:Photinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins