title: Engagement matters: lessons from assessing classroom implementation of steps to respect: a bullying prevention program over a one-year period.
abstract: Steps to Respect: A Bullying Prevention Program (STR) relies on a social-ecological model of prevention to increase school staff awareness and responsiveness, foster socially responsible beliefs among students, and teach social-emotional skills to students to reduce bullying behavior. As part of a school-randomized controlled trial of STR, we examined predictors and outcomes associated with classroom curriculum implementation in intervention schools. Data on classroom implementation (adherence and engagement) were collected from a sample of teachers using a weekly on-line Teacher Implementation Checklist system. Pre-post data related to school bullying-related outcomes were collected from 1,424 students and archival school demographic data were obtained from the National Center for Education Statistics. Results of multilevel analyses indicated that higher levels of program engagement were influenced by school-level percentage of students receiving free/reduced lunch, as well as classroom-level climate indicators. Results also suggest that higher levels of program engagement were related to lower levels of school bullying problems, enhanced school climate and attitudes less supportive of bullying. Predictors and outcomes related to program fidelity (i.e., adherence) were largely nonsignificant. Results suggest that student engagement is a key element of program impact, though implementation is influenced by both school-level demographics and classroom contexts.
authors: T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. sabina.low@asu.edu.
authors: Sabina
authors: S
authors: Low
authors: Wichita State, Wichita, USA.
authors: Mark J
authors: MJ
authors: Van Ryzin
authors: Social Development Research Group, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors: Eric C
authors: EC
authors: Brown
authors: Committee for Children, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors: Brian H
authors: BH
authors: Smith
authors: Social Development Research Group, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors: Kevin P
authors: KP
authors: Haggerty
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000533:Altruism; D058445:Bullying / Q000523:psychology*; D003479:Curriculum; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D005178:Faculty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012574:Schools / Q000458:organization & administration*; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States; D014754:Violence / Q000517:prevention & control*