title: Tear film osmolarity in patients with diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare tear film osmolarity (TFO) between patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and normal healthy individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective case-controlled study, the TFO in 46 normal subjects (control group) and 55 patients with DM (study group) was evaluated. TFO in milliosmole (mOsm) was measured by using an auto-osmometer. The serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood glucose in all participants were also measured. Mean outcome measures were TFO and its relationship with HbA1c level and duration of DM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean TFO was 320.40 ± 21.80 mOsm/l in the study group and 308.22 ± 18.16 mOsm/l in the control group (p < 0.001). The TFO values were significantly associated with duration of DM (r = 0.476, p < 0.001), but no significant correlation was found with HbA1c level (r = 0.225, p = 0.114).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study shows a significantly higher TFO in patients with DM than in the healthy controls. TFO also correlates with the duration of DM.
authors: The Eye Institute of Muş State Hospital, Turkey.
authors: H M
authors: HM
authors: Sağdık
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Ugurbas
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Can
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tetikoğlu
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Ugurbas
authors: S Ca
authors: SC
authors: Uğurbaş
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Alpay
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Uçar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013666:Tears / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin