title: Unique antimicrobial effects of platelet-rich plasma and its efficacy as a prophylaxis to prevent implant-associated spinal infection.
abstract: Platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) has attracted great attention and has been increasingly used for a variety of clinical applications including orthopedic surgeries, periodontal and oral surgeries, maxillofacial surgeries, plastic surgeries, and sports medicine. However, very little is known about the antimicrobial activities of PRP. PRP is found to have antimicrobial properties both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the antimicrobial properties of PRP are bacterial-strain-specific and time-specific: PRP significantly (80-100 fold reduction in colony-forming units) inhibits the growth of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Group A streptococcus, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae within the first few hours but it has no significant antimicrobial properties against E. coli and Pseudomonas. The antimicrobial properties of PRP also depend on the concentration of thrombin. In vivo, an implant-associated spinal infection rabbit model is established and used to evaluate the antimicrobial and wound-healing properties of PRP. Compared to the infection controls, PRP treatment results in significant reduction in bacterial colonies in bone samples at all time points studied (i.e. 1, 2, and 3 weeks) and significant increase in mineralized tissues (thereby better bone healing) at postoperative weeks 2 and 3. PRP therefore may be a useful adjunct strategy against postoperative implant-associated infections.
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA.
authors: Hongshuai
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Therwa
authors: T
authors: Hamza
authors: John E
authors: JE
authors: Tidwell
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Clovis
authors: Bingyun
authors: B
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000382:microbiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents
keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; antimicrobial; implant infections; platelet-rich plasma