title: The xylan utilization system of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris controls epiphytic life and reveals common features with oligotrophic bacteria and animal gut symbionts.
abstract: Xylan is a major structural component of plant cell wall and the second most abundant plant polysaccharide in nature. Here, by combining genomic and functional analyses, we provide a comprehensive picture of xylan utilization by Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris (Xcc) and highlight its role in the adaptation of this epiphytic phytopathogen to the phyllosphere. The xylanolytic activity of Xcc depends on xylan-deconstruction enzymes but also on transporters, including two TonB-dependent outer membrane transporters (TBDTs) which belong to operons necessary for efficient growth in the presence of xylo-oligosaccharides and for optimal survival on plant leaves. Genes of this xylan utilization system are specifically induced by xylo-oligosaccharides and repressed by a LacI-family regulator named XylR. Part of the xylanolytic machinery of Xcc, including TBDT genes, displays a high degree of conservation with the xylose-regulon of the oligotrophic aquatic bacterium Caulobacter crescentus. Moreover, it shares common features, including the presence of TBDTs, with the xylan utilization systems of Bacteroides ovatus and Prevotella bryantii, two gut symbionts. These similarities and our results support an important role for TBDTs and xylan utilization systems for bacterial adaptation in the phyllosphere, oligotrophic environments and animal guts.
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors: Guillaume
authors: G
authors: Déjean
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors: Servane
authors: S
authors: Blanvillain-Baufumé
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors: Alice
authors: A
authors: Boulanger
authors: INRA, UMR 1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), 42 rue Georges Morel, 49071, Beaucouzé CEDEX 01, France.
authors: Armelle
authors: A
authors: Darrasse
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors: Thomas Dugé
authors: TD
authors: de Bernonville
authors: INRA, UMR 1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), 42 rue Georges Morel, 49071, Beaucouzé CEDEX 01, France.
authors: Anne-Laure
authors: AL
authors: Girard
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors: Sébastien
authors: S
authors: Carrére
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors: Stevie
authors: S
authors: Jamet
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors: Claudine
authors: C
authors: Zischek
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
authors: Martine
authors: M
authors: Lautier
authors: Institut für Biologie, Bereich Genetik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099, Halle (Saale), Germany.
authors: Magali
authors: M
authors: Solé
authors: Institut für Biologie, Bereich Genetik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099, Halle (Saale), Germany.
authors: Daniela
authors: D
authors: Büttner
authors: INRA, UMR 1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), 42 rue Georges Morel, 49071, Beaucouzé CEDEX 01, France.
authors: Marie-Agnès
authors: MA
authors: Jacques
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors: Emmanuelle
authors: E
authors: Lauber
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.|Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
authors: Matthieu
authors: M
authors: Arlat
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000378:metabolism; D001937:Brassica / Q000382:microbiology; D016935:Caulobacter crescentus / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009876:Operon; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000382:microbiology; D013559:Symbiosis; D016959:Xanthomonas campestris / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014990:Xylans / Q000378:metabolism*; D014994:Xylose / Q000378:metabolism; D014995:Xylosidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D014990:Xylans; D014994:Xylose; D014995:Xylosidases