title: Effects of dexmedetomidine on early and late cytokines during polymicrobial sepsis in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether dexmedetomidine provided protective effects on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mice, through suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interlukin-6 (IL-6)] and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1).
  
  
  METHODS
  The model of sepsis was set up by CLP in 136 male BALB/c mice (40 mice for survival studies and 96 for cytokine studies) which were divided into four groups, including a C, CLP, DEX + CLP and CLP + DEX group. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and HMGB1 were detected at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after operations, and lung HMGB1 mRNA were analyzed at 24 and 48 h. The mortality rates were calculated 7 days after the operations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mortality rates 7 days after operations were significantly lower in the CLP + DEX (50 %) and DEX + CLP (30 %) groups than in the CLP group (90 %). Serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased significantly in dexmedetomidine administration groups compared with the CLP group. The levels of HMGB1 and lung HMGB1 mRNA were lower in the dexmedetomidine administration groups than in the CLP group. There was a significant correlation between lung HMGB1 mRNA and serum HMGB1(r = 0.858).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dexmedetomidine could reduce the mortality rate and inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine responses during polymicrobial sepsis in mice.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 Jiangsu, China.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: Hongguang
authors: H
authors: Bao
authors: Yanna
authors: Y
authors: Si
authors: Xiaoliang
authors: X
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002432:Cecum / Q000601:surgery; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008026:Ligation; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C582808:HMGB1 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020927:Dexmedetomidine