title: Extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
abstract: This article discusses the current state of knowledge regarding the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and pulmonary and ear/nose/throat manifestations of reflux and outlines the recent developments in the diagnostic and treatment strategies for this difficult group of patients. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and pH monitoring are poorly sensitive for diagnosing reflux in this group of patients. Instead it is recommended that in those without warning symptoms, an empiric trial of proton-pump inhibitors be the initial approach to diagnosing and treating the potential underlying cause of these extraesophageal symptoms.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Center for Swallowing and Esophageal Disorders, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1301 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors: Christopher
authors: C
authors: Hom
authors: Michael F
authors: MF
authors: Vaezi
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003371:Cough / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007827:Laryngitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D057045:Laryngopharyngeal Reflux / Q000503:physiopathology; D013577:Syndrome