title: Isolation and identification of environmental mycobacteria in the waters of a hemodialysis center.
abstract: The use of poorly treated water during hemodialysis may lead to contamination with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). This study aimed to isolate and identify NTM species in the water of a Brazilian hemodialysis center. We collected 210 samples of water from the hydric system of the unit (post-osmosis system, hemodialysis rooms, reuse system, and hemodialysis equipment) and from the municipal supply network; we isolated the NTM by a classic microbiological technique and identified them by the PCR restriction enzyme pattern of the hsp65 gene (PRA). Fifty-one (24.3 %) of the collected samples tested positive for NTM; both the municipal supply network (2 samples, 3.2 %) and the hydric system of the hemodialysis center (49 samples, 96.1 %) contained NTM. We isolated and identified potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Mycobacterium lentiflavum (59.0 %) and M. kansasii (5.0 %), as well as rarely pathogenic bacteria like M. gordonae (24.0 %), M. gastri (8.0 %), and M. szulgai (4.0 %). The ability of NTM to cause diseases is well documented in the literature. Therefore, the identification of NTM in the water of a Brazilian hemodialysis center calls for more effective water disinfection procedures in this unit.
authors: Laboratory of Research in Applied Microbiology, University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, Brazil.
authors: Flávio Garcia
authors: FG
authors: Sartori
authors: Luís Fernando
authors: LF
authors: Leandro
authors: Lilian Bueno
authors: LB
authors: Montanari
authors: Maria Gorete Mendes
authors: MG
authors: de Souza
authors: Regina Helena
authors: RH
authors: Pires
authors: Daisy Nakamura
authors: DN
authors: Sato
authors: Clarice Queico Fujimura
authors: CQ
authors: Leite
authors: Karina
authors: K
authors: de Andrade Prince
authors: Carlos Henrique Gomes
authors: CH
authors: Martins
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D001938:Brazil; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000235:genetics; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D005838:Genotype; D006436:Hemodialysis Units, Hospital; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018834:Chaperonin 60; C074119:heat-shock protein 65, Mycobacterium