title: Interleukins 1β and 10 expressions in the periimplant crevicular fluid from patients with untreated periimplant disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 expressions in periimplant crevicular fluid (PICF) in healthy and diseased regions to elucidate the inflammatory process around implants and its influence on clinical diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  PICF samples from 30 patients were analyzed for IL-1β and IL-10 concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were divided in Groups A (health), B (mucositis), and C (periimplantitis). Plaque accumulation, periodontal phenotype (PP), depth on probing, and history of periodontitis (HP) were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-1β levels were lower in healthy group compared with Groups B (P < 0.0005) and C (P < 0.001). IL-10 levels were higher in Groups A compared with B (P = 0.033) and C (P = 0.0001). Patients with HP and thin PP had 9 and 4.5 times more chance of presenting disease, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower IL-1β and higher IL-10 levels characterized healthy periimplant conditions, which demonstrate the anti-inflammatory predominance in sites without disease signs. IL-10 levels decrease significantly according to increase of disease status. Therefore, its levels can differentiate healthy, mucositis, and periimplantitis. Thin PP and HP are associated with periimplant disease. These findings suggest the use of ILs as a biochemical marker for early diagnosis of periimplant disease.
authors: National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. plcasado@hotmail.com
authors: Priscila Ladeira
authors: PL
authors: Casado
authors: Luigi
authors: L
authors: Canullo
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: de Almeida Filardy
authors: José Mauro
authors: JM
authors: Granjeiro
authors: Eliane Porto
authors: EP
authors: Barboza
authors: Maria Eugenia
authors: ME
authors: Leite Duarte
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000276:immunology; D015921:Dental Implants; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000276:immunology*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D010519:Periodontium / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015921:Dental Implants; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016753:Interleukin-10