title: In vitro biological effects of two anti-diabetic medicinal plants used in Benin as folk medicine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extracts from Polygonum senegalensis (Polygonaceae) and Pseudocedrela kotschyi (Meliaceae) are two important traditionally used medicinal plants in rural Benin to treat many diseases and notably type 2 diabetes. The aim of the study was to investigate the α-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of those plants extract: Polygonum senegalensis leaves, and Pseudocedrela kotschyi root.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hydro-alcoholic (50%) extracts were analyzed for their phytochemical content and tested for their inhibition potency on α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Antioxidant activities were assessed using the DPPH, ORAC, FRAP and DCFH-DA (cell based) assay. Finally, the antibacterial activity was evaluated using MIC determination on four Gram-positive cocci (Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium difficile, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus), three Gram-negative bacilli (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae), and the yeast Candida albicans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each extract presented significant α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant activities. Polygonum senegalensis leaf extracts were the most active in each in vitro assay with an IC50 = 1.5 μg/ml for α-glucosidase inhibition and an IC50 = 6.8 μg/ml for DPPH scavenging, - 4.5 μmol Fe II/g of dry matter - 9366 μmol Trolox / g DW - for FRAP and ORAC values, respectively. IC50 = 2.3 μg GA / ml for DCFH-DA assay. Concerning its antibacterial activity, a growth inhibitory effect was observed only against three Gram negative bacilli: B. subtilis, E. faecalis, S. aureus and the yeast C. albicans at high concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that the semi alcoholic extract of the two studied plants possess α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, antioxidant potency, and low antibacterial effect.
authors: Clermont University, Université d'Auvergne, IMTV, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors: Fifa T D
authors: FT
authors: Bothon
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Debiton
authors: Felicien
authors: F
authors: Avlessi
authors: Christiane
authors: C
authors: Forestier
authors: Jean-Claude
authors: JC
authors: Teulade
authors: Dominique K C
authors: DK
authors: Sohounhloue
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001541:Benin; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D016488:Medicine, African Traditional; D029582:Meliaceae; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D028502:Polygonum; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005609:Free Radicals; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts