title: New-generation radiofrequency technology.
abstract: Radiofrequency (RF) technology has become a standard treatment in aesthetic medicine with many indications due to its versatility, efficacy, and safety. It is used worldwide for cellulite reduction; acne scar revision; and treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids, rosacea, and inflammatory acne in all skin types. However, the most common indication for RF technology is the nonablative tightening of tissue to improve skin laxity and reduce wrinkles. Radiofrequency devices are classified as unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar depending on the number of electrodes used. Additional modalities include fractional RF; sublative RF; phase-controlled RF; and combination RF therapies that apply light, massage, or pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs). This article reviews studies and case series on these devices. Radiofrequency technology for aesthetic medicine has seen rapid advancements since it was used for skin tightening in 2003. Future developments will continue to keep RF technology at the forefront of the dermatologist's armamentarium for skin tightening and rejuvenation.
authors: Division of Cosmetic Science, University of Hamburg, Germany.
authors: Nils
authors: N
authors: Krueger
authors: Neil S
authors: NS
authors: Sadick
mesh_terms: D020811:Biomedical Technology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006801:Humans; D012060:Rejuvenation; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D015595:Skin Aging; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*