title: Temporal and energetic characteristics of behavior predicting long-term job strain, job demands, and job control: a population-based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether temporal and energetic characteristics of behavior contribute to perceived job strain and its components.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 611 participants (273 men) aged 30 to 45 years. Temperament traits were measured by Strelau's Formal Characteristics of Behavior-Temperament Inventory in 1997 and 2001. Job characteristics, education, and occupation were reported in 2001 and 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that higher emotional reactivity and perseveration, and lower briskness, endurance, and activity, predicted higher long-term perceived job strain in men and women. Higher job demands were predicted by lower endurance, higher emotional reactivity, and higher perseveration. Higher long-term job control was predicted by higher briskness, endurance, activity, and lower perseveration and emotional reactivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Being emotionally highly reactive and having a persevering temperament may increase the likelihood of high job strain, whereas having a brisk, enduring, and active temperament may decrease it.
authors: IBS, Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. taina.hintsa@helsinki.fi
authors: Taina
authors: T
authors: Hintsa
authors: Mirka
authors: M
authors: Hintsanen
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Jokela
authors: Liisa
authors: L
authors: Keltikangas-Järvinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011590:Psychology, Industrial; D057566:Self Report; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D013694:Temperament; D013997:Time Factors