title: Probucol inhibits hydrogen peroxide to induce apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the antioxidant probucol on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis. H2O2 (1 mmol/l) was used as the VSMC apoptosis-inducing agent, and 100, 10 and 1 µmol/l probucol concentrations were incubated with cells for 6 h. The cell apoptosis was observed using Annexin V-FITC, TUNEL and Hoechst 33258 staining methods. H2O2 promoted VSMC apoptosis, ASK-1 protein expression increased and Trx-l protein expression decreased. Probucol reduced H2O2-induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner; while ASK-1 protein expression decreased, Trx-1 protein expression increased. Probuco1 is capable of antagonizing the H2O2-induced apoptosis in VSMCs, which may be related to the decrease in ASK-1 protein expression and the increase in Trx-1 protein expression.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Sheng
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Jiao
authors: Lijuan
authors: L
authors: Shao
authors: Shaojie
authors: S
authors: Bi
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Cheng
authors: Jingbo
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Yihao
authors: Y
authors: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D048848:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D011341:Probucol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D013879:Thioredoxins; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D048848:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5; C482858:MAP3K5 protein, human; D011341:Probucol