title: Quality of life and emotional functioning in youth with chronic migraine and juvenile fibromyalgia.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic pain in children is associated with significant negative impact on social, emotional, and school functioning. Previous studies on the impact of pain on children's functioning have primarily used mixed samples of pain conditions or single pain conditions (eg, headache and abdominal pain) with relatively small sample sizes. As a result, the similarities and differences in the impact of pain in subgroups of children with chronic pain have not been closely examined.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare pain characteristics, quality of life, and emotional functioning among youth with pediatric chronic migraine (CM) and juvenile fibromyalgia (JFM).
  
  
  METHODS
  We combined data obtained during screening of patients for 2 relatively large intervention studies of youth (age range, 10 to 18 y) with CM (N=153) and JFM (N=151). Measures of pain intensity, quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life; PedsQL, child and parent-proxy), depressive symptoms (Children's Depression Inventory), and anxiety symptoms (Adolescent Symptom Inventory-4-Anxiety subscale) were completed by youth and their parent. A multivariate analysis of covariance controlling for effects of age and sex was performed to examine differences in quality of life and emotional functioning between the CM and JFM groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Youth with JFM had significantly higher anxiety and depressive symptoms, and lower quality of life in all domains. Among children with CM, overall functioning was higher but school functioning was a specific area of concern.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate important differences in subgroups of pediatric pain patients and point to the need for more intensive multidisciplinary intervention for JFM patients.
authors: Divisions of *Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology ‡Neurology §Pediatric Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center †Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.
authors: Susmita
authors: S
authors: Kashikar-Zuck
authors: Marium
authors: M
authors: Zafar
authors: Kimberly A
authors: KA
authors: Barnett
authors: Brandon S
authors: BS
authors: Aylward
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Strotman
authors: Shalonda K
authors: SK
authors: Slater
authors: Janelle R
authors: JR
authors: Allen
authors: Susan L
authors: SL
authors: Lecates
authors: Marielle A
authors: MA
authors: Kabbouche
authors: Tracy V
authors: TV
authors: Ting
authors: Andrew D
authors: AD
authors: Hershey
authors: Scott W
authors: SW
authors: Powers
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*