title: Study of immunomodulatory effects of arteether administrated intratumorally.
abstract: Recent studies have indicated the profound anti-tumor activity of artemisinin's compounds, among which; arteether is an oil-soluble derivative of artemisinin with an endoperoxide bridge that can induce apoptosis in tumor cells but not in the normal cells. An experiment was carried out on tumor-bearing Balb/c mice to estimate the effects of Arteether on tumor growth and antitumor immune responses. Briefly, 6mg/kg/day of Arteether and diluents were administered to two groups of mice. Tumor sizes were measured using digital verniercallipers. Mice were sacrificed and splenocytes were harvested for lymphocyte proliferation assay, the level of IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokines, and the percentage of splenic T regulatory cells were measured. According to the findings, there were no statistical differences between the groups with respect to the level of IFN-γ, IL-4 and proliferation assay; while our results showed that Arteether is effective in the reduction of tumor growth rate. In general, intra-tumoral injection of Arteether as an oil-soluble derivative of artemisinin brings to light some antitumor properties that may aid in development of more effective antitumor agents.
authors: Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. hasan_zm@modares.ac.ir.
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Azimi Mohamadabadi
authors: Zuhair Muhammad
authors: ZM
authors: Hassan
authors: Ahmad
authors: A
authors: Zavaran Hosseini
authors: Shekoofe
authors: S
authors: Noori
authors: Mehdi
authors: M
authors: Mahdavi
authors: Saman
authors: S
authors: Maroufizadeh
authors: Hamidreza
authors: H
authors: Maroof
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C055141:artemotil