title: Serum adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein in the critically ill.
abstract: Sepsis due to unabated inflammation is common. Increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, free radicals, and eicosanoids has been detected in sepsis and other critical illnesses but could also be due to decreased synthesis and release of anti-inflammatory molecules. Increased serum adipose-fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) levels can cause insulin resistance and have been reported in the critically ill, serve as a marker of prognosis, and thus link metabolic homeostasis and inflammation. A-FABP can be linked to the expression of Toll-like receptors, macrophage activation, synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, activation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression, and eicosanoid synthesis, events that can cause insulin resistance and initiation and progression of inflammation and sepsis. Unsaturated fatty acids and their anti-inflammatory products, such as lipoxins, resolvins, and protectins, may suppress A-FABP expression, inhibit macrophage and COX-2 activation, and decrease production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and ultimately could lead to a decrease in insulin resistance and resolution of inflammation and recovery from sepsis. Serial measurement of these pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules and correlation of their levels to the progression to or recovery from (or both) sepsis and other inflammatory processes may form a new approach to predict prognosis in inflammatory conditions and eventually could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
authors: Undurti N
authors: UN
authors: Das
mesh_terms: D016638:Critical Illness / Q000401:mortality*; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins