title: The role of high fat diet in the development of complications of chronic pancreatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about risk factors for complications in chronic pancreatitis (CP). High fat diet (HFD) has been demonstrated to aggravate pancreatic injury in animal models. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of HFD in age at diagnosis of CP and probability of CP related complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional case-case study was performed within a prospectively collected cohort of patients with CP. Diagnosis and morphological severity of CP was established by endoscopic ultrasound. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) was diagnosed by ¹³C mixed triglyceride breath test. Fat intake was assessed by a specific nutritional questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) for CP related complications were estimated by multivariate logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  168 patients were included (128 (76.2%) men, mean age 44 years (SD 13.5)). Etiology of CP was alcohol abuse in 89 patients (53.0%), other causes in 30 (17.9%) and idiopathic in the remaining 49 subjects (29.2%). 24 patients (14.3%) had a HFD. 68 patients (40.5%) had continuous abdominal pain, 39 (23.2%) PEI and 43 (25.7%) morphologically severe CP. HFD was associated with an increased probability for continuous abdominal pain (OR = 2.84 (95% CI, 1.06-7.61)), and a younger age at diagnosis (37.0 ± 13.9 versus 45.8 ± 13.0 years, p = 0.03) but not with CP related complications after adjusting for sex, years of follow-up, alcohol and tobacco consumption, etiology and body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with a normal fat diet, HFD is associated with a younger age at diagnosis of CP and continuous abdominal pain, but not with severity and complications of the disease.
authors: Foundation for Research in Digestive Diseases, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Castiñeira-Alvariño
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Lindkvist
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Luaces-Regueira
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Iglesias-García
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Lariño-Noia
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Nieto-García
authors: J E
authors: JE
authors: Domínguez-Muñoz
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D046790:Pancreas, Exocrine / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: (13)C-MTG; (13)C-mixed triglycerides; Age at onset; CP; Chronic pancreatitis; Diarrhea; High fat diet; PEI; Pain; Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency; chronic pancreatitis; pancreatic exocrine insufficiency; s-MRCP; secretin enhanced magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography