title: Adiponectin increases glucose-induced insulin secretion through the activation of lipid oxidation.
abstract: The expression of adiponectin receptors has been demonstrated in human and rat pancreatic beta cells, where globular (g) adiponectin rescues rat beta cells from cytokine and fatty acid-induced apoptosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether adiponectin has a direct effect on insulin secretion and the metabolic pathways involved. Purified human pancreatic islets and rat beta cells (INS-1E) were exposed (1 h) to g-adiponectin, and glucose-induced insulin secretion was measured. A significant increase in glucose-induced insulin secretion was observed in the presence of g-adiponectin (1 nmol/l) with respect to control cells in both human pancreatic islets (n = 5, p < 0.05) and INS-1E cells (n = 5, p < 0.001). The effect of globular adiponectin on insulin secretion was independent of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) activation or glucose oxidation. In contrast, g-adiponectin significantly increased oleate oxidation (n = 5, p < 0.05), and the effect of g-adiponectin (p < 0.001) on insulin secretion by INS-1E was significantly reduced in the presence of etomoxir (1 μmol/l), an inhibitor of fatty acid beta oxidation. g-Adiponectin potentiates glucose-induced insulin secretion in both human pancreatic islets and rat beta cells via an AMPK independent pathway. Increased fatty acid oxidation rather than augmented glucose oxidation is the mechanism responsible. Overall, our data indicate that, in addition to its anti-apoptotic action, g-adiponectin has another direct effect on beta cells by potentiating insulin secretion. Adiponectin, therefore, in addition to its well-known effect on insulin sensitivity, has important effects at the pancreatic level.
authors: Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania Medical School, Via Palermo 636, 95122, Catania, Italy.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Patané
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Caporarello
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Marchetti
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Parrino
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Sudano
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Marselli
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Vigneri
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Frittitta
mesh_terms: D000263:Adenylate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007328:Insulin; D000263:Adenylate Kinase; D005947:Glucose