title: Umbilical cord prolapse.
abstract: Umbilical cord prolapse is an obstetric emergency that can have negative outcomes for the fetus. It is diagnosed by a palpable or visible cord and is often accompanied by severe, rapid fetal heart rate decelerations. Cases of cord prolapse should be delivered as soon as possible, usually by cesarean section. While awaiting delivery, the fetal presenting part should be elevated off the cord either manually or by filling the bladder. Although an untreated case of umbilical cord prolapse can lead to severe fetal morbidity and mortality, prompt and appropriate management leads to good overall outcomes.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA. bholbrook@salud.unm.edu
authors: Bradley D
authors: BD
authors: Holbrook
authors: Sharon T
authors: ST
authors: Phelan
mesh_terms: D001034:Apgar Score; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000379:methods*; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods*; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005316:Fetal Distress; D005318:Fetal Heart; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal; D007746:Labor Presentation; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D013513:Obstetric Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D056888:Patient Positioning / Q000379:methods; D018743:Perinatal Care / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011391:Prolapse; D012307:Risk Factors; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014621:Vagina