title: Effect of yoga exercise therapy on oxidative stress indicators with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxidative stress promotes endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in chronic renal disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the impact of Hatha yoga on oxidative stress indicators and oxidant status, in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective randomized study consisted of 33 ESRD patients in the Hatha yoga exercise group who were matched with 35 ESRD patients in the control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde - MDA, protein oxidation - POX, phospholipase A2 - PLA2 activity) and the oxidative status (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities) were determined in the blood samples taken at the pre-hemodialysis treatment, at baseline (0 months) and after four months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients in the Hatha yoga exercise group, lipid peroxidation, as indicated by MDA decreased by 4.0% after four months (P = 0.096). There was also a significant reduction in the activity of PLA from 2.68 ± 0.02 IU / L to 2.34 IU / L (- 12.7%; P = 0.010) and POX from 2.28 ± 0.02 nmol / mg to 2.22 ± 0.01 nmol / mg (- 22.6%; P = 0.0001). The activity of SOD significantly increased from 12.91 ± 0.17 U / L to 13.54 ± 0.15 U / L (4.65%; P = 0.0001) and catalase from 79.83 ± 0.63 U / L to 80.54 ± 0.80 U / L (0.90%; P = 0.0001). There was a significant correlation between the pre-hemodialysis oxidative stress parameters at the zero month and after four months for the activities of PLA (r = 0.440), catalase (r = 0.872), and SOD (r = 0.775).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the Hatha yoga exercise has therapeutic, preventative, and protective effects in ESRD subjects, by decreasing oxidative stress.
authors: Kingston Public Hospital, North Street, Jamaica.
authors: Lorenzo
authors: L
authors: Gordon
authors: Donovan A
authors: DA
authors: McGrowder
authors: Yeiny T
authors: YT
authors: Pena
authors: Elsa
authors: E
authors: Cabrera
authors: Marilyn B
authors: MB
authors: Lawrence-Wright
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Hatha yoga exercise; end-stage renal disease; lipid peroxidation; oxidative stress