title: Therapeutic targets in triple negative breast cancer.
abstract: Outcomes have improved significantly for many women diagnosed with breast cancer. For the heterogeneous group of tumours lacking expression of the oestrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors, 'triple negative' breast cancers (TNBC), the prognosis overall has remained quite poor. When TNBC recurs, there is often little response to chemotherapy, and there are a few treatment options in this setting. Thus, there is an urgent clinical need to identify new therapeutic targets in order to improve the outlook for these patients. This review highlights the most promising therapeutic targets identified through new sequencing technologies, as well as through studies of apoptosis. We also present mounting evidence that the developmental signalling pathways Wnt/β-catenin, NOTCH and Hedgehog play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of TNBC with new therapeutic approaches inhibiting these pathways in advanced preclinical studies or early clinical trials.
authors: Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia. Sandra.O’Toole@sswahs.nsw.gov.au
authors: Sandra A
authors: SA
authors: O'Toole
authors: Jane M
authors: JM
authors: Beith
authors: Ewan K A
authors: EK
authors: Millar
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: West
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: McLean
authors: Aurelie
authors: A
authors: Cazet
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Swarbrick
authors: Samantha R
authors: SR
authors: Oakes
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone
keywords: BREAST CANCER; BREAST PATHOLOGY; CANCER RESEARCH