title: Topographical anatomy of the profunda femoris artery and the femoral nerve: normal and abnormal relationships.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Femoral nerve (FN) is the largest branch of lumbar plexus. It lies lateral to femoral artery (FA) and it is located outside the femoral sheath. Profunda femoris artery (PFA) is a branch of the FA. The present study aimed to observe the topographical anatomy and relationship of the PFA and the FN.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 12 embalmed cadaveric lower limbs (7 lefts and 5 rights) were taken and the thighs were dissected in detail. The relationship of PFA and FN were observed. Appropriate measurements were taken and the specimens were photographed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PFA originated from the FA in all the 12 specimens (100%). In 10 specimens (83.3%), the PFA was found to originate lateral to the FA while in 2 specimens, the origin of PFA was posterior to the FA (16.7%). The PFA originated from the FA at a distance of 6.5 + 1.5 cm with regard to the midinguinal point. All FN were found to lie outside the femoral sheaths. Out of the 12 specimens, only 2 specimens (16.7%) exhibited the FN to lie posterior to the PFA, while in 10 specimens (83.3%), the FN was found to lie anterior to the PFA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prior anatomical knowledge of structures in the anterior compartment of thigh may be helpful for surgeons performing nerve block, cannulation and catheterization. Knowledge of abnormal anatomy of the FN and PFA is important in order to prevent any inadvertent injury to the PFA or FN.
authors: Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors: K W
authors: KW
authors: Choy
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Kogilavani
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Norshalizah
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Rani
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Aspalilah
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Hamzi
authors: H S
authors: HS
authors: Farihah
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Das
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D004188:Disarticulation; D004210:Dissection; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005267:Femoral Nerve / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006621:Hip Joint; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000033:anatomy & histology