title: Spongian diterpenoids inhibit androgen receptor activity.
abstract: Androgen receptor is a ligand-activated transcription factor and a validated drug target for all stages of prostate cancer. Antiandrogens compete with physiologic ligands for androgen receptor ligand-binding domain (LBD). High-throughput screening of a marine natural product library for small molecules that inhibit androgen receptor transcriptional activity yielded the furanoditerpenoid spongia-13(16),-14-dien-19-oic acid, designated terpene 1 (T1). Characterization of T1 and the structurally related semisynthetic analogues (T2 and T3) revealed that these diterpenoids have antiandrogen properties that include inhibition of both androgen-dependent proliferation and androgen receptor transcriptional activity by a mechanism that involved competing with androgen for androgen receptor LBD and blocking essential N/C interactions required for androgen-induced androgen receptor transcriptional activity. Structure-activity relationship analyses revealed some chemical features of T1 that are associated with activity and yielded T3 as the most potent analogue. In vivo, T3 significantly reduced the weight of seminal vesicles, which are an androgen-dependent tissue, thereby confirming the on-target activity of T3. The ability to create analogues of diterpenoids that have varying antiandrogen activity represents a novel class of chemical compounds for the analysis of androgen receptor ligand-binding properties and therapeutic development.
authors: Department of Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors: Yu Chi
authors: YC
authors: Yang
authors: Labros G
authors: LG
authors: Meimetis
authors: Amy H
authors: AH
authors: Tien
authors: Nasrin R
authors: NR
authors: Mawji
authors: Gavin
authors: G
authors: Carr
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Raymond J
authors: RJ
authors: Andersen
authors: Marianne D
authors: MD
authors: Sadar
mesh_terms: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists; D000728:Androgens; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D011944:Receptors, Androgen