title: Antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine and calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol on infected primary molars: a split-mouth randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare via a split-mouth randomized clinical trial the efficacy of 1% chlorhexidine gel, calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol (Callen PMCC), and a one-visit endodontic treatment against mutans streptococci and anaerobic bacteria found in primary molars with necrotic pulps and to assess clinical success rates after 12 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre- and posttreatment intracanal samples were collected from 37 teeth (from 21 children) for analysis of the number of mutans streptococci and anaerobic bacteria. Clinical and radiographic criteria were analyzed to determine treatment outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chlorhexidine gel significantly reduced mutans streptococci levels (P = .010), whereas Callen PMCC significantly reduced the levels of anaerobic bacteria (P = .002). No differences in the reduction of mutans streptococci (P = .187) and anaerobes (P = .564) were observed between groups. The clinical success rates were 85.71% (Callen PMCC), 78.57% (chlorexidine gel), and 77.77% (one-visit treatment).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Teeth treated with Callen PMCC presented the highest clinical success rate. The 1% chlorhexidine gel, as well as calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol, presented limited efficacy in reducing bacteria from necrotic primary root canals.
authors: Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal Imoversotu pf Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors: Ramille Arújo
authors: RA
authors: Lima
authors: Cibele Barreto
authors: CB
authors: Carvalho
authors: Thyciana Rodrigues
authors: TR
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Cristiane Sá
authors: CS
authors: Fonteles
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000187:drug effects; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002164:Camphor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003442:Crowns; D003751:Dental Fistula / Q000628:therapy; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000382:microbiology; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008963:Molar / Q000382:microbiology*; D010508:Periodontal Abscess / Q000628:therapy; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000379:methods; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000382:microbiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002733:Chlorophenols; D004338:Drug Combinations; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D002164:Camphor; C029804:camphorated parachlorophenol; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D002710:Chlorhexidine