title: Water-fat MRI for assessing changes in bone marrow composition due to radiation and chemotherapy in gynecologic cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of using fat-fraction imaging for measuring marrow composition changes over large regions in patients undergoing cancer therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen women with gynecologic malignancies who were to receive radiation and/or chemotherapy were recruited for this study. Subjects were imaged on a 3T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner at baseline (after surgery but before radiation or chemotherapy), 6 months, and 12 months after treatment. Water-fat imaging was used to generate high-resolution, 3D signal fat fraction (sFF) maps extending from mid-femur to L3. Treatment changes were assessed by measuring marrow sFF in the L4 vertebra, femoral necks, and control tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pretreatment and 6-month scans were compared in nine women. sFF increased significantly in both the L4 vertebral marrow (P = 0.04) and the femoral necks (P = 0.03), while no significant change was observed in control regions. Qualitatively, chemotherapy changes were more uniform in space, whereas the radiation-induced changes were largest in marrow regions inside and close to the target radiation field.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Water-fat MRI is sensitive to changes in red/yellow marrow composition, and can be used for quantitative and qualitative assessment of treatment-induced marrow damage.
authors: Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors: Patrick J
authors: PJ
authors: Bolan
authors: Luke
authors: L
authors: Arentsen
authors: Thanasak
authors: T
authors: Sueblinvong
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Steen
authors: S
authors: Moeller
authors: Jori S
authors: JS
authors: Carter
authors: Levi S
authors: LS
authors: Downs
authors: Rahel
authors: R
authors: Ghebre
authors: Douglas
authors: D
authors: Yee
authors: Jerry
authors: J
authors: Froelich
authors: Susanta
authors: S
authors: Hui
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D001834:Body Water / Q000166:cytology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Dixon MRI; bone marrow; water-fat imaging