title: The relationship of serum triglycerides, serum HDL, and obesity to the risk of wheezing in 85,555 adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asthma has been linked to obesity and the presence of the metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore which components of the metabolic syndrome that were associated with wheezing, a main symptom of asthma. Further, to explore whether these associations were different in individuals with and without rhinitis symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used data from the Ibermutuamur Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Plan (ICARIA) including 85,555 Spanish workers (median age = 34, range = 16-75 years) with assessments of self reported wheezing and rhinitis symptoms. Fasting blood samples were analysed for serum triglyceride (s-TG), HDL (s-HDL) and glucose; blood pressure, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In mutually adjusted analyses including all components of the metabolic syndrome and possible confounders, elevated WC (or BMI), elevated s-TG and low s-HDL were significantly associated with wheezing. Odds ratio (OR) with confidence interval (CI) were: elevated WC = 1.54 (1.46-1.62), elevated s-TG = 1.24 (1.18-1.30), low s-HDL = 1.17 (1.12-1.22). These associations were stronger in individuals without than in those with rhinitis symptoms, OR's (CI's) were WC = without rhinitis 1.70 (1.57-1.85) vs. with rhinitis 1.47 (1.37-1.58). Elevated s-TG = without rhinitis 1.36 (1.26-1.46) vs. with rhinitis 1.21 (1.13-1.29). Low s-HDL = without rhinitis 1.24 (1.15-1.34) vs. with rhinitis 1.11 (1.04-1.18).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High s-TG and low s-HDL were associated with wheezing after adjustment for adiposity. This may substantiate elevated s-TG and lowered s-HDL as markers or inducers of inflammation associated disease. The study supports the notion that these biochemical markers have differential effects on different types of wheezing.
authors: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Denmark. runa.vavia.fenger@regionh.dk
authors: R V
authors: RV
authors: Fenger
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Gonzalez-Quintela
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Linneberg
authors: L L N
authors: LL
authors: Husemoen
authors: B H
authors: BH
authors: Thuesen
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Aadahl
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Vidal
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Skaaby
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Sainz
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Calvo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000209:etiology*; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012923:Social Class; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides