title: Meeting physical activity recommendations: self-regulatory efficacy characterizes differential adherence during arthritis flares.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Using social-cognitive theory, we examined whether adults who experienced an arthritis flare and met/did not meet the disease-specific public health recommended dose for physical activity differed in their self-regulatory efficacy beliefs, overall pain, and flare-related factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults with arthritis (N = 56; M(age) = 49.41 ± 11.56 years) participated in this prospective study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate analysis of variance comparing groups who met or did not meet the recommended dose (n(met) = 24, ≥ 150 minutes/week vs. n(not met) = 32, < 150 min/week) on efficacy, overall pain, and flare-related factors was significant (p < .01; η(partial)² = .28). People meeting the dose had significantly greater self-regulatory efficacy to overcome arthritis barriers (M(met dose) = 7.33 ± 1.95 vs. M(did not meet dose) = 5.74 ± 2.08, η(partial)² = .14) and to schedule/plan (M(met dose) = 7.27 ± 1.80 vs. M(did not meet dose) = 5.72 ± 1.90, η(partial)² = .15). Overall pain and flare-related factors did not differ (ps > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During flares, individuals with greater self-regulatory efficacy to manage disease barriers and plan their physical activity were more adherent to disease-specific public health activity recommendations. This study was the first to demonstrate differences in social cognitions that characterize adherence to recommended activity among people challenged by arthritis flares. Findings support the theoretical position that self-regulatory efficacy is related to better adherence in the face of challenging disease-related circumstances. The importance of studying individual characteristics of people who succeed in being active despite such obstacles is stressed.
authors: College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B2. nancy.gyurcsik@usask.ca
authors: Nancy C
authors: NC
authors: Gyurcsik
authors: Lawrence R
authors: LR
authors: Brawley
authors: Kevin S
authors: KS
authors: Spink
authors: James D
authors: JD
authors: Sessford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001168:Arthritis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D018450:Disease Progression; D056348:Emotional Intelligence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055809:Illness Behavior; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000523:psychology; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology*; D012648:Self Care / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012927:Social Control, Informal