title: Engineering and application of P450 monooxygenases in pharmaceutical and metabolite synthesis.
abstract: Cytochrome P450 monoxygenase (P450s or CYPs) allow access to drug metabolites, necessary for approval of new therapeutics in one step, with increased success being demonstrated using bacterial and fungal P450s. Moreover, 12 of the 13 products of the human metabolism of verapamil can be accessed through engineered and chimeric bacterial P450s. These P450s are also used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals themselves, including the semi-synthetic production of artemisinin in an engineered cell. The integration of new technologies including ultrasound and polyfluorinated hydrocarbon solvents offers an attractive means by the true synthetic potential of ubiquitous P450s can be fully realised.
authors: Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, United Kingdom.
authors: Jill M
authors: JM
authors: Caswell
authors: Maeve
authors: M
authors: O'Neill
authors: Steve J C
authors: SJ
authors: Taylor
authors: Thomas S
authors: TS
authors: Moody
mesh_terms: D037621:Artemisinins / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015202:Protein Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D037621:Artemisinins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C031327:artemisinin