title: Calculation of power and field of view of keratoprostheses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate a mathematical algorithm for calculating the refractive power of keratoprostheses and to estimate vignetting effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A paraxial calculation scheme based on vergence transformation is developed for determination of the front surface radius or front surface refractive power of a Boston type I or II keratoprosthesis based on the design data of the manufacturer. A concept for derivation of lateral magnification (ratio of image size to slope of the incident ray) is presented based on 2 × 2 matrix representation of the eye. For estimation of vignetting effects, numerical ray tracing was used and the maximum half field angle and half luminance half field angle was extracted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Simulation calculations were performed in MATLAB. The front surface radius or refractive power is given in explicit form as a function of axial length, target refraction, as well as the principal design data of the keratoprosthesis such as posterior refractive power, length, or refractive index. With variation of the back surface radius it was shown that lateral magnification can be modulated e.g. to match the magnification of the fellow eye. The Boston type I does not restrict the field angle substantially, whereas type II shows significant vignetting effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present a strategy on the calculation of keratoprostheses and variation of the design (e.g. back surface curvature) to help to avoid aniseikonia in case of binocular vision (e.g. one phakic eye and one with keratoprosthesis).
authors: Experimental Ophthalmology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany. achim.langenbucher@uks.eu
authors: Achim
authors: A
authors: Langenbucher
authors: Nóra
authors: N
authors: Szentmáry
authors: Alexis
authors: A
authors: Speck
authors: Berthold
authors: B
authors: Seitz
authors: Timo
authors: T
authors: Eppig
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*