title: [Panorama of self-management initiatives in Spain].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the current situation of self-management initiatives in Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a descriptive study of self-management support initiatives in Spain from the perspective of the patient as expert. Three databases were searched in October 2010 (Pubmed, Scientific Electronic Library Online [SCIELO] and Indice Médico Español [IME]), using the following Keywords «paciente experto» (expert patient), «paciente activo» (active patient) and «apoyo al autocuidado» (self-management support). Web sites were also consulted, using the same key words. Of the initiatives found, we selected those with the most advanced development and continuity, using the perspective of the expert patient (in which patients have an active role) and with a systematic format and methodology. A questionnaire was designed and was sent to the heads of the selected initiatives in the last quarter of 2010. To update the information, the questionnaire was sent again between August and September, 2012. Subsequently, the web sites were visited to review their contents and presence in social networks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven initiatives were identified in the autonomous regions of Murcia, Andalusia, Galicia, Castile-La Mancha, Basque Country, and Catalonia. These initiatives used distinct methodologies, formats and assessment systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Spain, there is increasing interest in the development of self-management support programs, although their scope is limited and their impact is mostly unknown, except for patient satisfaction. There is a need for studies on results assessment to identify the impact of these initiatives in our setting, as well as for studies on their implementation to encourage the introduction of patient activation initiatives in routine clinical practice.
authors: O+berri, Instituto Vasco de Innovación Sanitaria, Fundación Vasca de Innovación e Investigación Sanitaria, Sondika Bizkaia, España.
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Nuño-Solinis
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Rodríguez-Pereira
authors: Koldo
authors: K
authors: Piñera-Elorriaga
authors: Irune
authors: I
authors: Zaballa-González
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Bikandi-Irazabal
mesh_terms: D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D012648:Self Care / Q000639:trends*; D013030:Spain
keywords: Active patient; Autocuidado; Chronic disease; Educación para la salud; Empoderamiento; Empowerment; Enfermedades crónicas; Expert patient; Health education; Paciente activo; Paciente experto; Self-management