title: The effect of forced growth of cells into 3D spheres using low attachment surfaces on the acquisition of stemness properties.
abstract: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and neural progenitor cells form three-dimensional (3D) colonies or spheres in vitro, and 3D sphere is reported to help maintaining the stemness of stem cells, but the effect of 3D sphere formation on cell reprogramming remains unknown. Here we examined whether 3D sphere culture have any impact on the differentiated cells. We cultured bladder cancer cell RT4 and non-cancerous cell HEK293 on the low attachment dishes coated with soft agarose. When grown on this low attachment dish, cells spontaneously aggregated to form 3D spheres. Data showed that 3D sphere formation promoted the expression of reprogramming factors. Sphere formation of RT4 cells induced cancer stem cell characteristics including higher SP cell percentage, higher metastasis ability and higher tumorigenicity. HEK293 spheres showed upregulation of kidney progenitor cell markers and partially acquired characteristics of ESCs including upregulation of alkaline phosphatase activity, ES cell markers, three germ layer markers and tumorigenicity. The findings suggested that forced growth into 3D spheres by the low attachment surface could induce cells to acquire stemness properties.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors: Guannan
authors: G
authors: Su
authors: Yannan
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: Jianshu
authors: J
authors: Wei
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Han
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Chen
authors: Zhifeng
authors: Z
authors: Xiao
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Chen
authors: Jianwu
authors: J
authors: Dai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000166:cytology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014157:Transcription Factors