title: THERACOM: a systematic review of the evidence base for interventions to improve Therapeutic Communications between black and minority ethnic populations and staff in specialist mental health services.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) groups in receipt of specialist mental health care have reported higher rates of detention under the mental health act, less use of psychological therapies, and more dissatisfaction. Although many explanations have been put forward to explain this, a failure of therapeutic communications may explain poorer satisfaction, disengagement from services and ethnic variations in access to less coercive care. Interventions that improve therapeutic communications may offer new approaches to tackle ethnic inequalities in experiences and outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The THERACOM project is an HTA-funded evidence synthesis review of interventions to improve therapeutic communications between black and minority ethnic patients in contact with specialist mental health services and staff providing those services. This article sets out the protocol methods for a necessarily broad review topic, including appropriate search strategies, dilemmas for classifying different types of therapeutic communications and expectations of the types of interventions to improve them. The review methods will accommodate unexpected types of study and interventions. The findings will be reported in 2013, including a synthesis of the quantitative and grey literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A particular methodological challenge is to identify and rate the quality of many different study types, for example, randomised controlled trials, observational quantitative studies, qualitative studies and case studies, which comprise the full range of hierarchies of evidence. We discuss the preliminary methodological challenges and some solutions. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42011001661).
authors: Barts and London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Room Number: OAB 108, Centre for Psychiatry, Old Anatomy Building, Charterhouse Square, 6BQ, London EC1M, UK. k.s.bhui@qmul.ac.uk
authors: Kamaldeep
authors: K
authors: Bhui
authors: Rosemarie
authors: R
authors: McCabe
authors: Scott
authors: S
authors: Weich
authors: Swaran
authors: S
authors: Singh
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Johnson
authors: Ala
authors: A
authors: Szczepura
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People; D003142:Communication; D054521:Cultural Competency; D005006:Ethnicity; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D008603:Mental Health / Q000208:ethnology; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000592:standards*; D008913:Minority Groups; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000208:ethnology; D058996:Quality Improvement; D012107:Research Design