title: Effect of passive ultrassonic instrumentation as a final irrigation protocol on debris and smear layer removal--a SEM analysis.
abstract: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on removing the smear layer and debris from root dentin using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Twenty-five bovine incisors were manually prepared and divided into three groups according to the final irrigation protocol: EDTA, final irrigation with 12 mL of 17% EDTA for 3 minutes followed by 5 mL of 2.5% NaOCl; EDTA/PUI, final flush with 4 mL of 17% EDTA and PUI for 30 seconds. These procedures were repeated three times to standardize the volume of the irrigant. Control group, after preparation, the specimens were irrigated only with 17 mL of 2.5% NaOCl. The roots were fractured and analyzed using SEM. The intragroup analysis revealed that the EDTA/PUI protocol removed a higher amount of debris at the cervical third (P = 0.03). The intergroup analysis revealed that EDTA/PUI presented the lowest amount of debris at the cervical third (P = 0.007). Smear layer scores were higher in the control group compared with the EDTA and EDTA/PUI groups, but only at the cervical third (P = 0.02). None of the final irrigant protocols completely removed the smear layer and debris. EDTA/PUI only improved the removal of debris at the cervical third.
authors: Conservative Dentistry Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil.
authors: Fabrícia
authors: F
authors: Castagna
authors: Patrícia
authors: P
authors: Rizzon
authors: Ricardo Abreu
authors: RA
authors: da Rosa
authors: Manuela Favarin
authors: MF
authors: Santini
authors: Mirela Sangoi
authors: MS
authors: Barreto
authors: Marco Antônio Húngaro
authors: MA
authors: Duarte
authors: Marcus Vinícius Reis
authors: MV
authors: Só
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003646:Debridement; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007180:Incisor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods*; D016369:Smear Layer; D013010:Sonication / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D012388:Root Canal Irrigants