title: Progesterone vaginal ring versus vaginal gel for luteal support with in vitro fertilization: a randomized comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy and safety of luteal phase support in IVF with a progesterone (P) vaginal ring or gel (VR or VG).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, single-blind, multicenter, phase III clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00615251).
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen private and three academic high-volume U.S. IVF centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand two hundred ninety-seven infertile patients were randomized to a weekly P VR (n = 646) or a daily P 8% VG (n = 651).
  
  
  METHODS
  IVF was performed per site-specific protocols. The day after egg retrieval, patients were randomized and began VR or VG therapy, which continued for up to 10 weeks' gestation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical pregnancy rates at 8 and 12 weeks of pregnancy; rates of biochemical pregnancy, live birth, spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and cycle cancellation; and safety and tolerability were secondary measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical pregnancy rates at 8 and 12 weeks were high and comparable between groups: 48.0% for VR and 47.2% for VG at week 8 and 46.4% (VR) and 45.2% (VG) at week 12. Live-birth rates were 45% (VR) and 43% (VG). Adverse event profiles were similar between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The weekly P VR provided similar pregnancy rates to the daily VG, with no major differences in safety.
authors: Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA. stadtmla@evms.edu
authors: Laurel
authors: L
authors: Stadtmauer
authors: Kaylen M
authors: KM
authors: Silverberg
authors: Elizabeth S
authors: ES
authors: Ginsburg
authors: Herman
authors: H
authors: Weiss
authors: Brandon
authors: B
authors: Howard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003274:Contraceptive Devices, Female; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D050498:Live Birth / Q000453:epidemiology; D008184:Luteal Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies; D011374:Progesterone