title: Alterations in transcriptome and proteome on metallothioneins following oxidative stress induced by sublethal doses of cadmium and gamma rays in Plantago ovata.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the oxidative stress-induced changes by sublethal doses of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and gamma irradiation, two redox-inducing agents, on metallothionein (MT) gene and protein expression in Plantago ovata Forsk (P. ovata).
  
  
  METHODS
  Chlorophyll content was estimated to study the stress response in P. ovata seedlings following exposure to gamma irradiation and CdCl2. Lipid peroxidation and proline content, two oxidative stress markers, were also studied. The level of metallothionein gene and protein expression was further investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three MT genes of P. ovata namely PoMT 1, PoMT 2 and PoMT 3 were isolated, sequenced and characterized and their expressions were found to be altered in the case of both oxidative stresses in a dose-dependent and tissue-specific manner. The results were in agreement with the observations from immunocytochemistry and FACS analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that both gamma irradiation and CdCl2 alter redox balance in P. ovata. The metallothionein gene may play an important role in metal tolerance and stress balance. It is conjectured that the stress-mediated imbalance is maintained by altered MT gene and protein expression.
authors: Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata.
authors: Nirmalya
authors: N
authors: Ghoshal
authors: Shonima
authors: S
authors: Talapatra
authors: Amitava
authors: A
authors: Moulick
authors: Anindita
authors: A
authors: Chakraborty
authors: Sarmistha Sen
authors: SS
authors: Raychaudhuri
mesh_terms: D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005720:Gamma Rays; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010943:Plantago / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D020543:Proteome / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D008668:Metallothionein; D019256:Cadmium Chloride