title: Serum C1q- binding adiponectin in maintenance hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) have much higher levels of adiponectin (Total-APN). Adiponectin and C1q form a protein complex in human blood, and serum C1q-binding adiponectin (C1q-APN) can be measured. We recently reported that C1q-APN/Total-APN ratio rather than Total-APN correlated with atherosclerosis in diabetics. However, the characteristics of C1q-APN in HD patients remain unclear. The preset study investigated the characteristics of the adiponectin parameters including C1q-APN and also to clarify the relationship between various serum adiponectin parameters and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVD) in HD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The single cross-sectional study subjects were 117 Japanese patients (males/females = 61/56) on regular HD. Blood Total-APN, high molecular weight-adiponectin (HMW-APN), C1q-APN and C1q concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. ACVD were defined as stroke, coronary and peripheral artery diseases, thoracic and abdominal aneurysms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stepwise regression analysis identified high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) as the only significant and independent determinant of C1q-APN in males, and duration of HD as the only significant and independent determinant of C1q-APN in females. Stepwise regression analysis identified uric acid, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglyceride as significant and independent determinants of C1q-APN/Total-APN ratio in males, and leukocyte count and HDL-C as significant and independent determinants of C1q-APN/Total-APN ratio in females. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified inorganic phosphorus and C1q-APN or C1q-APN/C1q ratio as significant determinants of ACVD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low serum C1q-APN and C1q-APN/C1q ratio, but not C1q-APN/Total-APN ratio, correlated with ACVD in HD patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov: UMIN http://000004318.
authors: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 B-5, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. kkishida@imed2.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Kishida
authors: Naohiro
authors: N
authors: Kishida
authors: Masaaki
authors: M
authors: Arima
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Nakatsuji
authors: Hironori
authors: H
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Tohru
authors: T
authors: Funahashi
authors: Iichiro
authors: I
authors: Shimomura
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D015922:Complement C1q / Q000378:metabolism*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015922:Complement C1q