title: Combined rhinoplasty and genioplasty: long-term follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Long-term follow-up reference for experienced clinicians dedicated to profileplasty.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term results and complications of combined rhinoplasty and genioplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study including objective and subjective evaluation before and after 3 years of undergoing simultaneous open rhinoplasty and genioplasty among a cohort of 90 patients. SETTING Academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 90 cases of combined rhinoplasty and genioplasty performed from January 2002 through January 2004 were reviewed to evaluate the stability of the esthetic result.
  
  
  METHODS
  Long-term stability of the esthetic outcome of the simultaneous open rhinoplasty and genioplasty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Soft-tissue Pogonion projection to the true vertical line and mandibular height (mandibular incisor tip to menton) were recorded. As far as reduction genioplasty patients are concerned, 45.6% of the patient population had a 100% stability after 3 years (<0.25 mm resorption measured at the menton). On the other hand, if augmentation genioplasty patients are considered, 52.4% (22 patients with a vertical augmentation range from 4-6 mm; mean, 5.3 mm; and 25 patients with a sagittal augmentation from 6-8 mm; mean, 7.2 mm) had 100% stability after 3 years. The chin was stable with no more than 1 mm of recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the study indicate that the combined approach in correcting the facial profile is an effective procedure to achieve a more harmonic and consistent clinical outcome. The recurrence rate of less than 1 mm on the chin bone measurements is relevant to support this statement. An aesthetically proportionate face is strongly determined by the nasal-cervical relationship when observing the patient's profile. Even after a successful rhinoplasty, the patient's face can lack aesthetic attractiveness. Combined rhinoplasty-genioplasty is usually the best solution, particularly for patients with microgenia. It provides optimum patient satisfaction with a low incidence of recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Verona, Faculty of Medicine, Verona, Italy. dario.bertossi@univr.it
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bertossi
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albanese
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turra
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Favero
authors.forename: Pierfrancesco
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nocini
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucchese
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D063172:Genioplasty / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010781:Photography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult