title: Auxarthron ostraviense sp. nov., and A. umbrinum associated with non-dermatophytic onychomycosis.
abstract: Auxarthron is a genus within the Onygenales encompassing keratinophilic species with typical ascomata (gymnothecia) consisting of anastomosing network of thick-walled hyphae and small globose or oblate ascospores. No association of this genus with clinically relevant cases of human or animal infection has been reported. This paper describes the isolation of an undescribed Auxarthron species as an agent of proven onychomycosis affecting almost all fingernails in a man with psoriasis. The causality of the isolated fungus was verified by repeated sampling and direct microscopy revealing irregular septate hyphae. Based on micro- and macromorphological features and unique sequence data (ITS region, benA and RPB2 gene), the isolated fungus is proposed as the new species A. ostraviense. The sibling species of A. ostraviense, A. umbrinum, was isolated from three patients with suspected onychomycosis and a detailed clinical history is provided for one of these patients. All four isolates were tested for susceptibility to selected antifungal agents. Terbinafine and clotrimazole appear to be effective in vitro. The morphological identification of Auxarthron spp. is non-trivial, time-consuming and requires cultivation media other than Sabouraud glucose agar which is routinely used in dermatomycology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. hubka@biomed.cas.cz
authors.forename: Vit
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hubka
authors.forename: Stanislava
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dobiasova
authors.forename: Pavlina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lyskova
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mallatova
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chlebkova
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skorepova
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kubatova
authors.forename: Radim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dobias
authors.forename: Milada
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chudickova
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolarik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D014009:Onychomycosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D020036:Onygenales / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000150:complications; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D000077291:Terbinafine
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D009281:Naphthalenes; D003022:Clotrimazole; D000077291:Terbinafine