title: The combined effects of glutamine and growth hormone on intestinal anastomosis in the rat intra-abdominal sepsis model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intestinal anastomoses are always risky in patients who develop intra-abdominal sepsis. In this study, the effects of combined glutamine and growth hormone (GH) on healing of intestinal anastomosis following intestinal repair in the rat intra-abdominal sepsis was induced.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty Sprague Dawley Albino rats at 10 weeks weighing between 180 and 240 g were included in the study. All the animals were divided into five groups comprising eight rats each. In the control group, no treatment was given in addition to the routine oral nutrition before and after surgery. In the other groups, following surgery, oral glutamine was given at a dose of 1 mg/kg/d in the glutamine group, subcutaneous GH was given at a dose of 1 mg/kg/d in the GH group, and combined glutamine and GH were administered at the same doses in the glutamine + GH group. In rats, a clinical model mimicking intestinal fistula was generated and fistula repair was performed, and the bursting pressure of the repair area and tissue hydroxyproline level of the repair area were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control group, glutamine, GH, and combined groups displayed significantly higher mean bursting pressures and tissue hydroxyproline levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In order to decrease the risks originating from impaired mechanisms due to intra-abdominal sepsis, and to make anastomosis safer, combined use of glutamine and GH increases the bursting pressure of anastomosis. While the use of either of these two substances alone is effective, combined use makes this effect more prominent.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Memorial Atasehir Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Donmez
authors.forename: Durkaya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oren
authors.forename: Gurkan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kisaoglu
authors.forename: Bunyami
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozogul
authors.forename: Sabri Selcuk
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Atamanalp
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005973:Glutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000601:surgery*; D059413:Intraabdominal Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005973:Glutamine; D013006:Growth Hormone; D006909:Hydroxyproline