title: A receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase targeted by a plant pathogen effector is directly phosphorylated by the chitin receptor and mediates rice immunity.
abstract: CERK1 is a lysine motif-containing plant pattern recognition receptor for chitin and peptidoglycan. Chitin recognition by OsCERK1 triggers rapid engagement of a rice MAP kinase cascade, which leads to defense response activation. How the MAP kinase cascades are engaged downstream of OsCERK1 remains obscure. Searching for host proteins that interact with Xoo1488, an effector of the rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae, we identified the rice receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, OsRLCK185. Silencing OsRLCK185 suppressed peptidoglycan- and chitin-induced immune responses, including MAP kinase activation and defense-gene expression. In response to chitin, OsRLCK185 associates with, and is directly phosphorylated by, OsCERK1 at the plasma membrane. Xoo1488 inhibits peptidoglycan- and chitin-induced immunity and pathogen resistance. Additionally, OsCERK1-mediated phosphorylation of OsRLCK185 is suppressed by Xoo1488, resulting in the inhibition of chitin-induced MAP kinase activation. These data support a role for OsRLCK185 as an essential immediate downstream signaling partner of OsCERK1 in mediating chitin- and peptidoglycan-induced plant immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Nagao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Kouhei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchihashi
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishihama
authors.forename: Mitsuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kishi-Kaboshi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuge
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Yasuomi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Ko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimamoto
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002686:Chitin / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D057865:Plant Immunity; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D002686:Chitin; D011494:Protein Kinases