title: Identification of differentially expressed genes from Trichoderma harzianum during growth on cell wall of Fusarium solani as a tool for biotechnological application.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The species of T. harzianum are well known for their biocontrol activity against many plant pathogens. However, there is a lack of studies concerning its use as a biological control agent against F. solani, a pathogen involved in several crop diseases. In this study, we have used subtractive library hybridization (SSH) and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) techniques in order to explore changes in T. harzianum genes expression during growth on cell wall of F. solani (FSCW) or glucose. RT-qPCR was also used to examine the regulation of 18 genes, potentially involved in biocontrol, during confrontation between T. harzianum and F. solani.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data obtained from two subtractive libraries were compared after annotation using the Blast2GO suite. A total of 417 and 78 readable EST sequence were annotated in the FSCW and glucose libraries, respectively. Functional annotation of these genes identified diverse biological processes and molecular functions required during T. harzianum growth on FSCW or glucose. We identified various genes of biotechnological value encoding to proteins which function such as transporters, hydrolytic activity, adherence, appressorium development and pathogenesis. Fifteen genes were up-regulated and sixteen were down-regulated at least at one-time point during growth of T. harzianum in FSCW. During the confrontation assay most of the genes were up-regulated, mainly after contact, when the interaction has been established.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that T. harzianum expressed different genes when grown on FSCW compared to glucose. It provides insights into the mechanisms of gene expression involved in mycoparasitism of T. harzianum against F. solani. The identification and evaluation of these genes may contribute to the development of an efficient biological control agent.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pabline Marinho
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Alexandre Siqueira Guedes
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: Andrei Stecca
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Steindorff
authors.forename: Saulo José Linhares
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: de Siqueira
authors.forename: Roberto do Nascimento
authors.initials: Rdo N
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Cirano José
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Ulhoa
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000235:genetics*; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D060585:Fusariosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005670:Fusarium / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity