title: Cilostazol promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells through activating the expression of PGC-1α.
abstract: Mitochondrial dysfunction is frequently observed in vascular diseases. Cilostazol is a drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of intermittent claudication. Cilostazol increases intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels through inhibition of type III phosphodiesterase. The effects of cilostazol in mitochondrial biogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were investigated in this study. Cilostazol treated HUVECs displayed increased levels of ATP, mitochondrial DNA/nuclear DNA ratio, expressions of cytochrome B, and mitochondrial mass, suggesting an enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis induced by cilostazol. The promoted mitochondrial biogenesis could be abolished by Protein kinase A (PKA) specific inhibitor H-89, implying that PKA pathway played a critical role in increased mitochondrial biogenesis after cilostazol treatment. Indeed, expression levels of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma-coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), NRF 1 and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) were significantly increased in HUVECs after incubation with cilostazol at both mRNA levels and protein levels. Importantly, knockdown of PGC-1α could abolish cilostazol-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Enhanced expression of p-CREB and PGC-1α induced by cilostazol could be inhibited by H-89. Moreover, the increased expression of PGC-1α induced by cilostazol could be inhibited by downregulation of CREB using CREB siRNA at both mRNA and protein levels. All the results indicated that cilostazol promoted mitochondrial biogenesis through activating the expression of PGC-1α in HUVECs, which was mediated by PKA/CREB pathway.
authors.affiliation: Shandong University, 44# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
authors.forename: Luning
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhiying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhiming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D000077407:Cilostazol; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000188:drug therapy; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D063269:Mitochondrial Turnover / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D058987:Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C115163:CREB1 protein, human; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D007546:Isoquinolines; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D058987:Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013777:Tetrazoles; D014157:Transcription Factors; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; C063509:N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide; D000077407:Cilostazol