title: Meteorology and ethnicity as critical factors in HRIPT: Comparing responses between Chinese and Indian ethnicities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human repeated insult patch test (HRIPT) is regarded as one of the confirmatory test in determining the safety of skin sensitizers. A number of important factors should be considered when conducting and interpreting the results of the HRIPT.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate for probable critical factors that influence the results of HRIPT with the same protocol in Shanghai and Mumbai.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two HRIPTs were carried out in Shanghai and Mumbai in 2011. Six identical products and 1% sodium lauryl sulfate were tested. Two Chinese dermatologists performed the grading in the two cities. Climate conditions of Shanghai and Mumbai were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For four lower reaction ratio products, cumulative irritation scores in the induction phase were higher in individuals whose ethnicity was Indian rather than Chinese. Reaction ratio of the same four products was highly correlated to the climatic parameters. The other two higher reaction ratio products and the positive control had no difference between the two ethnicities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Greater attention ought to be paid to the impact of climate on the results of HRIPT, especially for the mild irritation cosmetics when giving the interpretation. Greater emphasis also needs to be placed on the ethnicity of the subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Skin & Cosmetic Research, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Xue-Min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galzote
authors.forename: Yi-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Kamlesh V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Bhagat
authors.forename: Zhi-Kang
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Jian-Fei
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D002980:Climate; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007509:Irritants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010328:Patch Tests / Q000379:methods*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D023422:Skin Irritancy Tests / Q000379:methods*; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D007509:Irritants; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate