title: Linking stable and dynamic features of positive affect to sleep.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Poor sleep contributes to adult morbidity and mortality.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study examined the extent to which trait positive affect (PA) and PA reactivity, defined as the magnitude of change in daily PA in response to daily events, were linked to sleep outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analyses are based on data from 100 respondents selected from the National Survey of Midlife in the United States.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multilevel analyses indicated that higher levels of trait PA were associated with greater morning rest and better overall sleep quality. In contrast, PA reactivity was associated with diminished sleep efficiency. Finally, interactions between PA reactivity and trait PA emerged on all three sleep measures, such that higher event-related change in daily positive affect was associated with impaired sleep, especially among individuals high in trait PA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that high trait PA, when coupled with high PA reactivity, may contribute to poor sleep.
authors.affiliation: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-4401, USA. ado4@cornell.edu
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.forename: Deinera
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Exner-Cortens
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riffin
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steptoe
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zautra
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010551:Personality / Q000502:physiology*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology; D014481:United States