title: Transcontinental anaesthesia: a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although telemedicine is one of the key initiatives of the World Health Organization, no study has explored the feasibility and efficacy of teleanaesthesia. This bi-centre pilot study investigates the feasibility of transcontinental anaesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients aged ≥ 18 yr undergoing elective thyroid surgery for ≥ 30 min were enrolled in this study. The remote and local set-up was composed of a master-computer (Montreal) and a slave-computer (Pisa). Standard Internet connection, remote desktop control, and video conference software were used. All patients received total i.v. anaesthesia controlled remotely (Montreal). The main outcomes were feasibility, clinical performance, and controller performance of transcontinental anaesthesia. The clinical performance of hypnosis control was the efficacy to maintain bispectral index (BIS) at 45: 'excellent', 'good', 'poor', and 'inadequate' control represented BIS values within 10, from 11 to 20, from 21 to 30, or >30% from target. The clinical performance of analgesia was the efficacy to maintain Analgoscore values at 0 (-9 to 9); -3 to +3 representing 'excellent' pain control, -3 to -6 and +3 to +6 representing 'good' pain control, and -6 to -9 and +6 to +9 representing 'insufficient' pain control. The controller performance was evaluated using Varvel parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transcontinental anaesthesia was successful in all 20 consecutive patients. The clinical performance of hypnosis showed an 'excellent and good' control for 69% of maintenance time, and the controller performance showed an average global performance index of 57. The clinical performance of analgesia was 'excellent and good' for 92% of maintenance time, and the controller performance showed a global performance index of 1118.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transcontinental anaesthesia is feasible; control of anaesthesia shows good performance indexes. Clinical registration number NCT01331096.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H2W 1T8.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Hemmerling
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arbeid
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wehbe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cyr
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giunta
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zaouter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013965:Thyroidectomy