title: Prevalence of candiduria in diabetic patients attending Gondar University Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  About 10% to 15% of in-hospital urinary tract infections (UTIs) are due to Candida species, and the prevalence is still increasing. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine fungal causative agents of UTI in asymptomatic and symptomatic diabetic patients and associated risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between May and June 2010, a total of 422 diabetic patients with asymptomatic UTI (n = 387) and symptomatic UTI (n = 35) were investigated for UTI at Gondar University Hospital. Clean-catch midstream urine specimens were collected from each participant. Fungal urine culture and identification were done using standard microbiologic procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age range of the participants was 20 to 84 years (mean, 42.3 years). Significant candiduria was detected in 7.5% and 17.1% of asymptomatic and symptomatic diabetic patients, respectively. The overall prevalence of significant candiduria in both groups was 8.3%. Candida species were isolated in 38 urine samples. Of these, 84.2% were from the asymptomatic diabetic patients and the remaining 15.8% were from the symptomatic patients. The most common species were C albicans (42.0%), C glabrata (34.2%), and C tropicalis (15.8%). Significant candiduria was strongly associated with being female.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of candiduria in diabetic patients should not be neglected. Although C albicans is the organism most often associated with serious fungal infection, other Candida species are also isolated as clinically important opportunistic pathogens in type 2 diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. gizachewyismaw@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Gizachew
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yismaw
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Asrat
authors.forename: Yimtubezinash
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Woldeamanuel
authors.forename: Chandrashekhar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Unakal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult