title: The influence of nano hydroxyapatite coating on osseointegration after extended healing periods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies observing early wound healing periods around dental implants demonstrate an implants ability to enhance osseointegration, the bone-implant interactions for extended healing periods though have not been thoroughly studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty threaded titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V, Grade 5) implants were inserted bilaterally, half prepared to impart stable hydroxyapatite nanoparticles onto a sand blasted and acid etched surface (HA) and half with a non-coated control surface with only heat treatment (HT), into eighteen rabbit femurs. At 12 weeks, the bone-implant blocks were retrieved for micro computed tomography (μCT), histologic processing and histomorphometric evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bone-to-implant contact for the entire threaded portion of the implant revealed 57.1% (21.0) for the HT group and 38.8% (17.7) for the HA group with a total bone area within the threads 72.5% (13.9) (HT) and 59.7% (12.5) (HA). The 3D reconstructed μCT image corresponded to the histomorphometric results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is suggested that multiple factors such as the change in topography and chemistry may have influenced the outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Sweden. dr.bryington@gmail.com
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bryington
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kozai
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vandeweghe
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wennerberg
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jimbo
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium