title: Characteristics and functional outcomes of brain injury caused by physical assault in Canada: a population-based study from an inpatient rehabilitation setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the characteristics and inpatient rehabilitation outcomes of persons who sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting from physical assault - a form of intentional TBI - and compare these outcomes to those of persons with TBI resulting from other aetiologies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective population-based cohort study using inpatient rehabilitation data from Canadian population-based administrative databases for the fiscal years 2001-2006. Outcome measures were measures of functional independence (motor and cognitive), as measured by the FIM™ Instrument, and discharge destinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Characteristics associated with intentional TBI were being male, younger in age and unemployed; living alone and having a greater likelihood of alcohol/drug abuse prior to admission. The intentional TBI group showed poorer total functional gains at discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Multivariate regression analyses showed that persons with intentional injury were less likely to be discharged home.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Persons with TBI from physical assault are a distinct clinical group in Canadian inpatient rehabilitation settings. These findings can support clinicians in determining proper assessment, management, discharge planning and post-rehabilitation care that target specific needs of persons with TBI resulting from physical assault.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicians should have appropriate training to properly assess the mental health status of this patient group. Inpatient rehabilitation facilities should be prepared to provide services targeting psychosocial, substance abuse and interpersonal relationship issues to persons with a TBI from physical assault while patients are still within a hospital setting. Follow-up clinical care and community support services are warranted for those with intentional TBIs, including provision of occupational rehabilitation services, such as vocational rehabilitation. The discharge team should be responsible for ensuring appropriate discharge to community in the absence of family or other advocates on behalf of the patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Daegu University , Gyeongbuk , Republic of Korea .
authors.forename: Hwan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bayley
authors.forename: Deirdre
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Tatyana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mollayeva
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colantonio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002170:Canada; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors