title: Intraocular concentrations of cytokines and chemokines in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) in preventing photoreceptor apoptosis in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) by measuring cytokine levels in the aqueous humor before and after IVTA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, nonrandomized, interventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  setting: Institutional. patients: Nineteen eyes of 19 consecutive patients with RRD. intervention: All 19 eyes underwent IVTA 1 day before 25-gauge vitrectomy. Seventeen eyes free of retinal vascular disease served as controls. main outcome measure: Both baseline and 1 day post-IVTA measurements were made of the relative concentrations of 15 soluble factors (3 cytokines, 7 chemokines, and 5 growth factors). The associations with clinical findings, including macular status, were then analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elevated monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1β (MIP-1β), and interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) in eyes with RRD were significantly reduced after IVTA. MCP-1 levels were significantly correlated with MIP-1β and IP-10 before and after IVTA. The decreases in MCP-1, MIP-1β, and IP-10 were also closely correlated to each other. Both before and after IVTA, MCP-1 was higher in eyes with macula-off RRD than in eyes with macula-on RRD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IVTA suppressed elevated levels of intraocular MCP-1, MIP-1β, and IP-10 in eyes with RRD. The decrease in the aqueous levels of each of these factors was significantly correlated with the others. In addition to MCP-1, MIP-1β and IP-10 might potentially be additional target molecules for RRD therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. kunikata@oph.med.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunikata
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D054407:Chemokine CCL4 / Q000378:metabolism; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000378:metabolism; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C066507:CCL4 protein, human; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide