title: Incidence and risk factors of tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
abstract: Korea is a low prevalence country for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and has an intermediate tuberculosis (TB) burden. We previously reported that the incidence of TB in HIV-infected patients was 9.6 cases per 100 person-years (P-Y) between 1988 and 1997. The aims of the present study were to measure any change in incidence from the previous study, and to identify risk factors for TB in HIV-infected patients. We reviewed all medical records of HIV-infected patients who were followed-up in one tertiary hospital between 1998 and 2010. Over the total observation period of 5858.33 P-Y, TB developed in 70 patients (1.19 cases per 100 P-Y; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-1.47 cases per 100 P-Y). Based on Poisson regression, one risk factor associated with TB was an initial CD4+ cell count below 200 cells/µL (relative risk, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.47-3.73). Mean CD4+ cell counts of pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB were 179.8 cells/µL, 138.3 cells/µL, and 114.2 cells/µL, respectively (P = 0.55). In conclusion, the incidence of TB in HIV-infected patients has decreased since the previous study. An initial CD4+ cell count below 200 cells/µL is an independent risk factor for development of TB in HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Pyoeng Gyun
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Nak Hyun
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Kyoung-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Wan Beom
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eu Suk
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hong-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nam Joong
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myoung-Don
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Kang Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Choe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality
keywords: HIV; Incidence; Risk Factors; Tuberculosis