title: Development and preliminary evaluation of an integrated treatment targeting parenting and depressive symptoms in mothers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  More than 50% of mothers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD). Maternal depressive symptoms are associated with impaired parenting and predict adverse developmental and treatment outcomes for children with ADHD. For these reasons, we developed and examined the preliminary efficacy of an integrated treatment targeting parenting and depressive symptoms for mothers of children with ADHD. This integrated intervention incorporated elements of 2 evidence-based treatments: behavioral parent training (BPT) and cognitive behavioral depression treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-eight mothers with at least mild depressive symptoms were randomized to receive either standard BPT (n = 51) or the integrated parenting intervention for ADHD (IPI-A; n = 47). Participants were assessed at baseline, posttreatment, and 3- to 6-month follow-up on measures of (a) self-reported maternal depressive symptoms, (b) observed positive and negative parenting, and (c) observed and mother-reported child disruptive behavior and mother-reported child and family impairment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IPI-A produced effects of small to moderate magnitude relative to BPT on maternal depressive symptoms, observed negative parenting, observed child deviance, and child impairment at posttreatment and on maternal depressive symptoms, child disruptive behavior, child impairment and family functioning at follow-up. Contrary to expectations, the BPT group demonstrated moderate to large effects relative to IPI-A on observed positive parenting at follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This treatment development study provides encouraging preliminary support for the integrated intervention targeting parenting and depressive symptoms in mothers of children with ADHD. Future studies should examine whether this integrated intervention improves long-term developmental outcomes for children with ADHD. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chronis-Tuscano
authors.forename: Tana L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Veronica L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Raggi
authors.forename: Yamalis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Abigail D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Seymour
authors.forename: Sharon R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seeley
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kosty
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lewinsohn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology*; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D002648:Child; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003863:Depression / Q000628:therapy*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016896:Treatment Outcome