title: Toxicity assessment of silica nanoparticles, functionalised silica nanoparticles, and HASE-grafted silica nanoparticles.
abstract: Numerous nanomaterials have recently been developed, and numerous practical applications have been found in water treatment, medicine, cosmetics, and engineering. Associative polymers, such as hydrophobically modified alkali-soluble emulsion (HASE) systems are involved in several applications and have been extensively studied due to their ability to form three-dimensional networked gels. However, the data on the potential environmental effects of this polymers are scarce. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of functionalisation of silica nanoparticles, and coupling of functionalised silica nanoparticles to the associative polymer HASE on their toxicity. Thus, acute and chronic toxicity tests included a modified acute test (72 h) using daphnies, algae, and plants as model organisms. Gradient of toxicity varied with the tested organisms. Our results revealed that the functionalised nanoparticules and NP grafted polymer cause a global decrease in toxicity compared to commercial nanoparticule and HASE polymer.
authors.affiliation: Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, Faculté des Sciences, EA 4228 ECOMERS, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 02, France. Laura.CLEMENT@unice.fr
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zenerino
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hurel
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amigoni
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taffin de Givenchy
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guittard
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marmier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000187:drug effects; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects; D017377:Diatoms / Q000187:drug effects; D054750:Ecotoxicology / Q000379:methods*; D004655:Emulsions; D019597:Flax / Q000187:drug effects; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D015394:Molecular Structure; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D013499:Surface Properties; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D011108:Polymers; D012822:Silicon Dioxide