title: Magnetic resonance evaluation of Müllerian remnants in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of Müllerian remnants in young females clinically suspected of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome in a primary amenorrhea workup.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen young females underwent multiplanar T2- and transverse T1-weighted MRI at either a 1.5T or 3.0T MR imager. Two gynecologic radiologists reached consensus decisions for the evaluation of Müllerian remnants, vagina, ovaries, and associated findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cases had bilateral uterine buds in the pelvic cavity, with unilateral cavitation in two cases. The buds had an average long-axis diameter of 2.64 ± 0.65 cm. In all cases, bilateral buds were connected with fibrous band-like structures. In 13 cases, the band-like structures converged at the midline or a paramedian triangular soft tissue lying above the bladder dome. The lower one-third of the vagina was identified in 14 cases. Fourteen cases showed bilateral normal ovaries near the uterine buds. One unilateral pelvic kidney, one unilateral renal agenesis, one mild scoliosis, and three lumbar sacralization cases were found as associated findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Typical Müllerian remnants in MRKH syndrome consist of bilateral uterine buds connected by the fibrous band-like structures, which converge at the midline triangular soft tissue lying above the bladder dome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
authors.forename: Roh-Eul
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Jeong Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Sang Youn
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Hyup
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D058489:46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009095:Mullerian Ducts / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019170:Somites / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D013131:Spine / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D014599:Uterus / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D014621:Vagina / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Amenorrhea; Magnetic resonance imaging; Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome; Müllerian; Remnant