title: Application of response surface methodology to optimise extraction of flavonoids from fructus sophorae.
abstract: Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimise the extraction conditions for flavonoids from fructus sophorae with advantages in terms of resisting flavonoids during the whole process and maximising of extraction yield. Three aglycon forms of the flavonoids, namely, quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) to estimate extraction yield. The combined effects of independent variables were studied and the optimal extraction conditions were obtained as ethanol concentration, 74.47%; solid-liquid ratio, 17.99 ml/g; temperature, 89.13°C; and extraction time, 2.10h. The reliability of the method was confirmed by recovery experiments, performed under optimal conditions. Recoveries indicated that flavonoids resisted the extraction conditions. The experimental extraction yield under optimal conditions was found to be 10.459%, which was well matched with the predicted values of 10.461%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China. q_xu68@163.com
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Niping
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts