title: Detection of novel divergent arenaviruses in boid snakes with inclusion body disease in The Netherlands.
abstract: Arenaviruses are bi-segmented negative-stranded RNA viruses, which were until recently only detected in rodents and humans. Now highly divergent arenaviruses have been identified in boid snakes with inclusion body disease (IBD). Here, we describe the identification of a new species and variants of the highly divergent arenaviruses, which were detected in tissues of captive boid snakes with IBD in The Netherlands by next-generation sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete sequence of the open reading frames of the four predicted proteins of one of the detected viruses revealed that this virus was most closely related to the recently identified Golden Gate virus, while considerable sequence differences were observed between the highly divergent arenaviruses detected in this study. These findings add to the recent identification of the highly divergent arenaviruses in boid snakes with IBD in the United States and indicate that these viruses also circulate among boid snakes in Europe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bodewes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M J L
authors.initials: MJL
authors.lastname: Kik
authors.affiliation: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: V Stalin
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.affiliation: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C M E
authors.initials: CME
authors.lastname: Schapendonk
authors.affiliation: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Haagmans
authors.affiliation: Viroclinics Biosciences B.V., Marconistraat 16, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.|Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.affiliation: Viroclinics Biosciences B.V., Marconistraat 16, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.|Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A D M E
authors.initials: ADME
authors.lastname: Osterhaus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001117:Arenaviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D018050:Arenavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D007181:Inclusion Bodies, Viral / Q000821:virology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009426:Netherlands; D010802:Phylogeny; D012911:Snakes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins