title: Non-muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the distal ureter and bladder with lung metastasis: A case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-muscle invasive transtitional cell carcinoma (TCC) with metastases is exceedingly rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the case of a 78-year old man with an incidental finding of a non-muscle invasive TCC of the left distal ureter during treatment for Duke's B Colon cancer. Following laparoscopic nephro-ureterectomy (LNU) he had two further superficial recurrences in the bladder over a 14-month period which underwent transurethral resection (TUR). On surveillance imaging for his colorectal cancer follow-up a lung nodule was detected and video-assisted thoracic surgical (VATS) resection of the lesion showed it to be TCC in origin. He was referred to oncology for chemotherapy and remains clinically well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A Literature search found only three other such cases and the ureteric TCC is the most likely source of the metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This occurrence is exceedingly rare.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, West Midlands, United Kingdom. Electronic address: mnkwam@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: Nkwam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nkwam
authors.forename: Terng F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Chen