title: Pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 as a proliferation marker lacking prognostic value in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Non-melanoma skin cancer is the most frequently occurring type of cancer worldwide and is caused by epidermal carcinogenesis and malignant progression that involve dysregulated expression of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. The proto-oncogene pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that can promote enhanced proliferation of cultured epidermal keratinocytes. To investigate the potential roles of PTTG1 in epidermal carcinogenesis and malignant progression, the expression of PTTG1 was analysed by immunohistochemistry along with Ki67, keratin 10 (K10) and p53 in tissue samples of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), actinic keratoses (AK) and Bowen's disease (BD). Expression levels of PTTG1 were compared among these disease groups to test for correlations with proliferation, differentiation capacity or the existence of mutated tumor suppressor genes in each disease group. In each disease group, the expression levels of PTTG1 correlated positively with those of Ki67, although the differentiation status, measured by K10 expression, did not show any correlation. In contrast, the existence of mutated p53 proteins showed a positive correlation only in the SCC group. Moreover, the expression levels of PTTG1 in SCC did not correlate with known prognostic factors such as TNM staging or tumor thickness. These results suggest that PTTG1 may represent a proliferation marker associated with mutated p53 proteins but is not an informative predictor of poor clinical outcomes in SCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. c0930412@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishitsuka
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawachi
authors.forename: Shijima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Fujio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Otsuka
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D064249:Securin; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D064249:Securin; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C578002:pituitary tumor-transforming protein 1, human