title: IL-32 expression is an independent prognostic marker for gastric cancer.
abstract: A strong link between inflammation and gastrointestinal cancer has been demonstrated. Interleukin (IL)-32 is a recently described pro-inflammatory cytokine characterized by the induction of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation. We investigated whether IL-32 expression has clinical significance in gastric cancer. A total of 182 gastric cancer patients who received curative gastrectomy were enrolled in our study. IL-32 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between clinicopathological features and IL-32 expression was analyzed. Tumor depth and lymph node metastases developed more frequently in IL-32-positive gastric cancer patients than those who were negative for IL-32 expression (p < 0.01). Lymphatic- and venous invasion in the IL-32-positive group were more severe than in cancer cells lacking IL-32 expression (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that IL-32 is one of the prognostic markers (p < 0.03) for gastric cancer, in addition to nodal involvement and tumor depth. IL-32 positivity significantly affected clinicopathological factors. Thus, IL-32 expression in gastric cancer may serve as a preferential metastatic condition that allows cells to escape host antitumor immunity. Pro-inflammatory cytokines induce immunosuppression in a paracrine manner, thereby facilitating the metastasis of tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Surgery Surgical Oncology, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, JAPAN. ishiga@m.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Sumiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishigami
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arigami
authors.forename: Yasuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchikado
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Setoyama
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurahara
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kijima
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Natsugoe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C496971:IL32 protein, human; D007378:Interleukins