title: Expression regulation and function of NLRC5.
abstract: The NOD like receptors (NLRs), a class of intracellular receptors that respond to pathogen attack or cellular stress, have gained increasing attention. NLRC5, the largest member of the NLR protein family, has recently been identified as a critical regulator of immune responses. While NLRC5 is constitutively and widely expressed, it can be dramatically induced by interferons during pathogen infections. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that NLRC5 is a specific and master regulator of major mistocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes as well as related genes involved in MHC class I antigen presentation. The expression of MHC class I genes is regulated by NLRC5 in coordination with the RFX components through an enhanceosome-dependent manner. And the involvement of NLRC5 in MHC class I mediated CD8+ T cell activation, proliferation and cytotoxicity is proved to be critical for host defense against intracellular bacterial infections. Nevertheless, the role of NLRC5 in innate immunity remains to be further explored. Here, we review the research advances on the structure, expression regulation and function of NLRC5.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
authors.forename: Yikun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Youcun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C548042:NLRC5 protein, human