title: Epidemiology of tuberculosis immunology.
abstract: Immunological impairment plays a major role in the epidemiology of TB. Globally, the most common causes of immunological impairment are malnutrition, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, aging, and smoking. With the notable exception of HIV, each factor leads to relatively mild immunological impairment in individuals. However, as these conditions affect a significant proportion of the population, they contribute substantially to the incidence of TB at a global scale. Understanding immunological impairment is central to understanding the global TB pandemic, and vital to the development of effective disease control strategies.
authors.affiliation: Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe, Australia.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Menzies
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D015897:Comorbidity; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D014943:Global Health; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D011157:Population Dynamics; D011379:Prognosis; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*