title: Comparison of 3D phase-sensitive inversion-recovery and 2D inversion-recovery MRI at 3.0 T for the assessment of late gadolinium enhancement in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare free-breathing three-dimensional (3D) phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) with breath-holding two-dimensional (2D) IR sequences to determine which is better for detecting and characterizing myocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty HCM patients clinically underwent 3.0 T cardiac magnetic resonance imaging that included 3D-PSIR and 2D-IR. The amount of LGE lesions was calculated and expressed as %LGE of the myocardial mass, and the average of the %LGE value reported by two observers was recorded as the final %LGE. We also counted the number of LGE lesions and recorded their location. The myocardium-LGE contrast, margin sharpness, artifacts, and overall image quality were graded on a 4-point grading scale (1 = poor, 2 = fair, 3 = good, 4 = excellent).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean %LGE on 2D-IR was 24.7 ± 0.6, 17.5 ± 0.6, and 8.5 ± 0.3, respectively, for the basal, mid-, and apical myocardium; the corresponding values were 24.2 ± 0.4, 20.0 ± 0.4, and 7.7 ± 0.3 on 3D-PSIR (2D-IR versus 3D-PSIR, P = .87). On 2D IR and 3D-PSIR images, 13, 52, and 53, and 9, 74, and 33 LGE lesions were detected in the subendocardial, midwall, subepicardial area, respectively. The myocardium-LGE contrast and overall image quality were significantly higher on 3D-PSIR than 2D-IR images (P < .001); the sequences did not differ significantly with respect to margin sharpness and artifact.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three-dimensional PSIR sequence yields higher image contrast, better image quality, and greater detection ability for LGE lesions than 2D-IR sequence.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: Seitaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komi
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Namimoto
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashida
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takashio
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamuro
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA