title: Low-volume, high-intensity interval training in patients with CAD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Isocaloric interval exercise training programs have been shown to elicit improvements in numerous physiological indices in patients with CAD. Low-volume high-intensity interval exercise training (HIT) is effective in healthy populations; however, its effectiveness in cardiac rehabilitation has not been established. This study compared the effects of 12-wk of HIT and higher-volume moderate-intensity endurance exercise (END) on brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak) in patients with CAD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients with documented CAD were randomized into HIT (n = 11) or END (n = 11) based on pretraining FMD. Both groups attended two supervised sessions per week for 12 wk. END performed 30-50 min of continuous cycling at 58% peak power output (PPO), whereas HIT performed ten 1-min intervals at 89% PPO separated by 1-min intervals at 10% PPO per session.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relative FMD was increased posttraining (END, 4.4% ± 2.6% vs 5.9% ± 3.6%; HIT, 4.6% ± 3.6% vs 6.1% ± 3.4%, P ≤ 0.001 pre- vs posttraining) with no differences between groups. A training effect was also observed for relative VO2 peak (END, 18.7 ± 5.7 vs 22.3 ± 6.1 mL · kg(-1) · min(-1); HIT, 19.8 ± 3.7 vs 24.5 ± 4.5 mL · kg(-1) · min(-1), P < 0.001 for pre- vs posttraining), with no group differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-volume HIT provides an alternative to the current, more time-intensive prescription for cardiac rehabilitation. HIT elicited similar improvements in fitness and FMD as END, despite differences in exercise duration and intensity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Katharine D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Currie
authors.forename: Jonathan B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Dubberley
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: McKelvie
authors.forename: Maureen J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: MacDonald
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology