title: Contrast transthoracic echocardiography and the placement of a bicaval dual-lumen catheter in a Swine model of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
abstract: Placement of a bicaval dual-lumen (BCDL) catheter demands sophisticated visualization in patients to assure proper positioning in order to administer single-site venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO). Large animal models are needed and thus appropriate procedures to assure anatomic and functional cannula placement would assist in experimental design and procedures. This report describes the use of agitated blood and saline transthoracic contrast echocardiography to confirm appropriate placement and function of the BCDL catheter in a swine model of VV ECMO. Five consecutive common crossbred piglets had confirmation using this technique with assurances of cannulation while not significantly altering experimental time and procedures. Researchers studying VV ECMO in large animal models may want to consider this method of confirmation of BCDL catheter placement.
authors.affiliation: Artificial Lung and ECMO Research Laboratory, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. hayes.705@osu.edu
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Preston
authors.forename: Ian C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Victoria L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: Patrick I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: Bryan A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Whitson
authors.forename: Joseph S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Yates
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000379:methods*; D023421:Models, Animal; D013552:Swine; D062666:Vascular Access Devices