title: MicroRNA-762 is upregulated in human corneal epithelial cells in response to tear fluid and Pseudomonas aeruginosa antigens and negatively regulates the expression of host defense genes encoding RNase7 and ST2.
abstract: Mucosal surfaces regulate defenses against infection and excessive inflammation. We previously showed that human tears upregulated epithelial expression of genes encoding RNase7 and ST2, which inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa invasion of human corneal epithelial cells. Here, microRNA microarrays were used to show that a combination of tear fluid exposure (16 h) then P. aeruginosa antigens (3 h) upregulated miR-762 and miR-1207, and down-regulated miR-92 and let-7b (all > 2-fold) in human corneal epithelial cells compared to P. aeruginosa antigens alone. RT-PCR confirmed miR-762 upregulation ∼ 3-fold in tear-antigen exposed cells. Without tears or antigens, an antagomir reduced miR-762 expression relative to scrambled controls by ∼50%, increased expression of genes encoding RNase7 (∼80 %), ST2 (∼58%) and Rab5a (∼75%), without affecting P. aeruginosa internalization. However, P. aeruginosa invasion was increased > 3-fold by a miR-762 mimic which reduced RNase7 and ST2 gene expression. Tear fluid alone also induced miR-762 expression ∼ 4-fold, which was reduced by the miR-762 antagomir. Combination of tear fluid and miR-762 antagomir increased RNase7 and ST2 gene expression. These data show that mucosal fluids, such as tears, can modulate epithelial microRNA expression to regulate innate defense genes, and that miR-762 negatively regulates RNase7, ST2 and Rab5a genes. Since RNase7 and ST2 inhibit P. aeruginosa internalization, and are upregulated by tear fluid, other tear-induced mechanisms must counteract inhibitory effects of miR-762 to regulate resistance to bacteria. These data also suggest a complex relationship between tear induction of miR-762, its modulation of innate defense genes, and P. aeruginosa internalization.
authors.affiliation: School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.forename: Connie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Jong Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fleiszig
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000235:genetics; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics*; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000235:genetics*; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D020696:rab5 GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; C079241:IL1RL1 protein, human; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; C583095:MIRN762 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D012260:Ribonucleases; C470000:Ribonuclease 7; D020696:rab5 GTP-Binding Proteins