title: Plasma renin-angiotensin system-regulating aminopeptidase activities are modified in early stage Alzheimer's disease and show gender differences but are not related to apolipoprotein E genotype.
abstract: Alterations in blood pressure and components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) contribute to the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), resulting in changes that can lead or contribute to cognitive decline. Aspartyl aminopeptidase (ASAP), aminopeptidase A (APA), aminopeptidase N (APN) and aminopeptidase B (APB) catabolise circulating angiotensins, whereas insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) has been described as the AT4 receptor. We have found in AD patients a significant decrease of APA activity in men but not in women, and of APN, APB and IRAP in both genders, when compared with control subjects. No changes were found in ASAP activity. Also, APN, APB and IRAP but not APA correlated with the Mini-Mental test, but no relationship with APOE genotype was found. We conclude that several components of the RAS are modified in AD patients, with gender differences. Furthermore, ROC analysis indicates that APN, APB and IRAP activities could be useful non-invasive biomarkers of AD from the earliest stages.
authors.affiliation: Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, School of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: María Del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Puertas
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martínez-Martos
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cobo
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lorite
authors.forename: Rosa María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Sandalio
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Palomeque
authors.forename: María Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: María Pilar
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Carrera-González
authors.forename: María Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Mayas
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Expósito
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D000626:Aminopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018826:CD13 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D010122:Cystinyl Aminopeptidase / Q000378:metabolism; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D043384:Glutamyl Aminopeptidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000378:metabolism; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics*; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: C090830:AT4 receptor; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000626:Aminopeptidases; D018826:CD13 Antigens; D010122:Cystinyl Aminopeptidase; C105964:leucyl-cystinyl aminopeptidase; C019721:aminopeptidase B; D043384:Glutamyl Aminopeptidase