title: Fire and scald burn risks in urban communities: who is at risk and what do they believe about home safety?
abstract: While largely preventable, fire and hot water-related injuries are common in the United States. Measures recommended to reduce these injuries are smoke alarms (SAs) and lowered hot water temperatures. This study aims to: (i) describe the prevalence of working SAs and safe water temperatures among low-income, urban communities and (ii) explore the relationship between these behaviors and individuals' knowledge and beliefs about them. In this cross-sectional study, the Health Belief Model was used as a guide for understanding the safety behaviors. A total of 603 households had their SAs and hot tap water temperatures tested and were surveyed about their knowledge and beliefs related to these safety behaviors. We found that 40% of households had working SAs on every level and 57% had safe hot water temperatures. Perceived severity and self-efficacy were significantly associated with SA coverage, whereas perceived susceptibility and beliefs about benefits were significantly associated with safe hot water temperatures. This study demonstrates the need to increase the number of homes with working SAs and safe hot water temperatures. Messages focused on a safe home environment could communicate the ease and harm reduction features of SAs and benefits and risk reduction features of safe hot water temperatures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Behavior and Society and Center for Injury Research and Policy, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. emparker@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gielen
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Trump
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Koon
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000061:Accidents, Home / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015142:Baltimore; D002056:Burns / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005390:Fires / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011482:Protective Devices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012449:Safety / Q000592:standards*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014504:Urban Health; D014867:Water; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014867:Water