title: Comparative xenobiotic metabolism capacities and pesticide sensitivity in adults of Solea solea and Solea senegalensis.
abstract: The measurement of enzymatic activities involved in xenobiotic biotransformation was carried out in adults of Solea solea and Solea senegalensis. The hepatic enzymes analysed were cytochrome P450 (CYP) related activities using eight fluorometric substrates and carboxylesterases (CbE). The conjugating activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and UPD-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) were also assessed. Specific mammalian inhibitors were used as diagnostic tools for related activities of CYP1A (α-naphthoflavone; αNF), CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 (ticlopidine) and CYP3A4 (ketoconazole). The in vitro sensitivity to organophosphorous pesticides (OP) was tested in the S10 homogenate of brain (acetylcholinesterase-AChE) and liver (CbE). Furthermore, the pesticide chlorpyrifos oxon (CLPO) was used to explore the OP sensitivity of CbE of both species in two subcellular fractions (microsomes and cytosol), using two substrates. Overall, only two parameters confirmed species differences: EROD and cytosolic CbE being significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in the common sole, S. solea. A high inhibition of CYP1A related activities using several fluorometric substrates (ER, MR and CEC) after in vitro incubation with αNF confirmed all measure CYP1A1-related activities whereas ketoconazole was more specific for BFCOD (CYP3A4). Pesticide sensitivity was similar for brain AChE but hepatic CbE had a protective role that was species and pesticide dependent.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Guillén
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Solé
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D065702:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D005412:Flatfishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010575:Pesticides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D015262:Xenobiotics; C009618:O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphate; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D065702:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D013988:Ticlopidine; D007654:Ketoconazole