title: Virus-like particles: the future of microbial factories and cell-free systems as platforms for vaccine development.
abstract: Vaccines based on virus-like particles have proved their success in human health. More than 25 years after the approval of the first vaccine based on this technology, the substantial efforts to expand the range of applications and target diseases are beginning to bear fruit. The incursion of high-throughput screening technologies, combined with new developments in protein engineering and chemical coupling, have accelerated the development of systems capable of producing macrostructures useful for vaccinology, gene delivery, immunotherapy and bionanotechnology. This review summarizes the most recent developments in microbial cell factories and cell-free systems for virus-like particle production and discusses the future impact of this technology in human and animal health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Limas
authors.forename: Karthik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sekar
authors.forename: Keith E J
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Tyo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019149:Bioreactors; D002474:Cell-Free System; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D058069:Neglected Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D058425:Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D058425:Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle