title: Statin use and clinical outcomes in older men: a prospective population-based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this analysis was to investigate the relationship of statins with institutionalisation and death in older men living in the community, accounting for frailty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-dwelling men participating in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project, Sydney, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men aged ≥70 years (n=1665).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data collected during baseline assessments and follow-up (maximum of 6.79 years) were obtained. Information regarding statin use was captured at baseline, between 2005 and 2007. Proportional hazards regression analysis was conducted to estimate the risk of institutionalisation and death according to statin use (exposure, duration and dose) and frailty status, with adjustment for sociodemographics, medical diagnosis and other clinically relevant factors. A secondary analysis used propensity score matching to replicate covariate adjustment in regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, 43% of participants reported taking statins. Over 6.79 years of follow-up, 132 (7.9%) participants were institutionalised and 358 (21.5%) participants had died. In the adjusted models, baseline statin use was not statistically associated with increased risk of institutionalisation (HR=1.60; 95% CI 0.98 to 2.63) or death (HR=0.88; 95% CI 0.66 to 1.18). There was no significant association between duration and dose of statins used with either outcome. Propensity scoring yielded similar findings. Compared with non-frail participants not prescribed statins, the adjusted HR for institutionalisation for non-frail participants prescribed statins was 1.43 (95% CI 0.81 to 2.51); for frail participants not prescribed statins, it was 2.07 (95% CI 1.11 to 3.86) and for frail participants prescribed statins, it was 4.34 (95% CI 2.02 to 9.33).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest a lack of significant association between statin use and institutionalisation or death in older men. These findings call for real-world trials specifically designed for frail older people to examine the impact of statins on clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Danijela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gnjidic
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Le Couteur
authors.forename: Fiona M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Blyth
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Travison
authors.forename: Kris
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Vasi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Naganathan
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Cumming
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Waite
authors.forename: Markus J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Seibel
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Handelsman
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McLachlan
authors.forename: Sarah N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Hilmer