title: Bioenergetics, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of septic encephalopathy.
abstract: Sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in intensive care units. Acute and long-term brain dysfunctions have been demonstrated both in experimental models and septic patients. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is an early and frequent manifestation but is underdiagnosed, because of the absence of specific biomarkers and of confounding factors such as sedatives used in the intensive care unit. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy may have acute and long-term consequences including development of autonomic dysfunction, delirium, and cognitive impairment. The mechanisms of sepsis-associated encephalopathy involve mitochondrial and vascular dysfunctions, oxidative stress, neurotransmission disturbances, inflammation, and cell death. Here we review specific evidence that links bioenergetics, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress in the setting of brain dysfunctions associated to sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural; D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. fernando.bozza@ipec.fiocruz.br; bozza.fernando@gmail.com
authors.forename: Fernando A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Bozza
authors.forename: Joana C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: D'Avila
authors.forename: Cristiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sonneville
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharshar
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dal-Pizzol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*