title: Consanguineous marriage and increased risk of idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus: a case-control study in a rural area.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study is to evaluate if there is any relationship between consanguineous marriages and idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV).
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study on CTEV screening was conducted in a rural eastern city of Turkey between 2009 and 2011 and a total of 28 cases (infants with idiopathic CTEV) and 575 controls (healthy infants) were recruited. Sociodemographic status of the infants, including gestational age and birth weights, maternal characteristics and, if any, the degree of consanguinity, were recorded. As an inclusion criterion, only singleton, full-term, live births were accepted. A backward stepwise logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between idiopathic CTEV and parental consanguinity. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among maternal and infant characteristics, significant risk factors for idiopathic CTEV in the regression analysis were work status (employed), consanguineous marriage, sex (male), and gestational age (>42 wk). Babies born to first-cousin parents had >4 times the risk of idiopathic CTEV [OR, 4.138, (95% CI, 1.484, 11.538)] and the risk for those born to distant relatives was 2.9 times higher [OR, 2.941, (95% CI, 1.070, 8.087)] than for children of unrelated parents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consanguineous marriage was significantly associated with an increased risk of idiopathic CTEV. This association remained significant even after adjusting for potential confounding variables. To obtain more accurate results, a population-based screening study with an increased number of cases and controls should be performed in future studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study investigating the effect of a patient characteristic on the outcome of disease (level-III).
authors.affiliation: Departments of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Baskent University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey. orcunsahin@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Orcun
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Rahmi C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Akgun
authors.forename: Bahtiyar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haberal
authors.forename: Ayse C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.forename: Ismail C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Tuncay
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003025:Clubfoot / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D003241:Consanguinity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage; D012307:Risk Factors; D012423:Rural Health; D014421:Turkey