title: Prospective controlled study to evaluate laboratory and clinical outcomes of oocyte vitrification obtained in in vitro fertilization patients aged 30 to 39 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the process of oocyte vitrification affects oocyte viability in in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients between 30 and 39 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private IVF practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 30 women assigned and 22 qualified.
  
  
  METHODS
  Denudation of oocytes, cryopreservation of oocytes using vitrification method in a medium with 15% ethylene glycol (EG), 15% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and 0.5 M sucrose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oocyte survival, fertilization, day-3 embryo quality, blastocyst formation, clinical pregnancy, implantation, and live-birth rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After denudation of oocytes, mature sibling oocytes were randomly allocated to the fresh and vitrified groups. The survival rate was 79.6% after vitrification/warming. Overall, no statistically significant differences were found in fertilization, day-3 embryo quality, or blastocyst formation rates between the fresh and vitrified groups. The positive β-human chorionic gonadotropin, clinical pregnancy rate, and implantation rate were 13 (59.0%) of 22, 10 (45.4%) of 22, and 16 (30.1%) of 53 for the vitrified group. The overall efficiency in achieving a live birth was 11 (5.9%) of 186 per vitrified oocyte.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impact of vitrification can be reduced to a minimal level, making it possible to achieve high pregnancy and implantation rates in this age group of IVF patients.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biology Associates, Atlanta, Georgia 30342, USA.
authors.forename: Ching-Chien
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Toledo
authors.forename: Zsolt Peter
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Nagy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D019855:Ethylene Glycol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D059247:Fertility Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D050498:Live Birth; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D058989:Vitrification
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D013395:Sucrose; D019855:Ethylene Glycol; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide