title: Core-shell designs of photoluminescent nanodiamonds with porous silica coatings for bioimaging and drug delivery II: application.
abstract: Recent advances within materials science and its interdisciplinary applications in biomedicine have emphasized the potential of using a single multifunctional composite material for concurrent drug delivery and biomedical imaging. Here we present a novel composite material consisting of a photoluminescent nanodiamond (ND) core with a porous silica (SiO2) shell. This novel multifunctional probe serves as an alternative nanomaterial to address the existing problems with delivery and subsequent tracing of the particles. Whereas the unique optical properties of ND allows for long-term live cell imaging and tracking of cellular processes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have proven to be efficient drug carriers. The advantages of both ND and MSNs were hereby integrated in the new composite material, ND@MSN. The optical properties provided by the ND core rendered the nanocomposite suitable for microscopy imaging in fluorescence and reflectance mode, as well as super-resolution microscopy as a STED label; whereas the porous silica coating provided efficient intracellular delivery capacity, especially in surface-functionalized form. This study serves as a demonstration how this novel nanomaterial can be exploited for both bioimaging and drug delivery for future theranostic applications.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Functional Materials, Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, Department of Natural Sciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Neeraj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Prabhakar
authors.forename: Tuomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Näreoja
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: von Haartman
authors.forename: Didem Şen
authors.initials: DŞ
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koho
authors.forename: Tatiana A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Dolenko
authors.forename: Pekka E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Hänninen
authors.forename: Denis I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Vlasov
authors.forename: Victor G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Ralchenko
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hosomi
authors.forename: Igor I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Vlasov
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sahlgren
authors.forename: Jessica M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rosenholm
mesh_terms: D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D058612:Nanodiamonds / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000633:toxicity; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000633:toxicity; D010316:Particle Size; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002232:Carbocyanines; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D058612:Nanodiamonds; D010755:Organophosphates; D010080:Oxazoles; C466372:calyculinamide A; C544016:poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(ethyleneimine); D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C024286:3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D011094:Polyethyleneimine