title: Expression of metallothionein-III in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, there is little knowledge concerning expression of metallothionein-III (MT-III), also known as growth-inhibitory factor, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we evaluated MT-III expression in 184 patients using immunohistochemistry and in 61 cases using real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MT-III mRNA expression was significantly higher in NSCLC as compared to non-malignant lung tissues (NMLT; p<0.0086). MT-III expression was noted in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cancer cells. Significantly lower nuclear MT-III (p<0.0001) expression and significantly higher cytoplasmic MT-III (p=0.0068) expression was noted in the pneumocytes of NMLT, as compared to NSCLC. Nuclear MT-III expression was significantly higher in G1 cases as compared to G2 (p=0.0308) and G3 (p=0.0194) cases. Low cytoplasmic MT-III expression was associated with larger primary tumour size (p=0.0378). Lower MT-III mRNA and cytoplasmic MT-III expression was associated with poor patient outcome (p=0.0410 and p=0.0347, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MT-III expression may have an impact on the pathogenesis of NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland. piotr.dziegiel@umed.wroc.pl
authors.forename: Bozena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Werynska
authors.forename: Bartosz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pula
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Muszczynska-Bernhard
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gomulkiewicz
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jethon
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Podhorska-Okolow
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jankowska
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dziegiel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D000090023:Metallothionein 3; D008875:Middle Aged; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000090023:Metallothionein 3; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger