title: Improving participation by Aboriginal children in blood lead screening services in Broken Hill, NSW.
abstract: Lead poses a health risk to young children with detrimental effects on their intellectual development. Attendance rates for Aboriginal children at routine blood lead screening and at follow-up appointments in Broken Hill, NSW, have declined in recent years. This study sought to identify strategies to improve the participation of Aboriginal children aged 1-4 years in blood lead screening services in Broken Hill.
  
  
  METHODS
  Attendance rates during the period 2000-2010 were determined using the Broken Hill Lead Management database. From June to August 2011, Aboriginal community members, service providers and public health staff were invited to interviews and focus groups to explore barriers, enablers and suggestions for improving participation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2009, 27% of Aboriginal children aged 1-4 years attended blood lead screening and 29% of these children with blood lead levels over 15 µg/dL attended follow-up appointments. Barriers to participation in lead screening services included community perceptions, reduced service capacity, socio-economic and interorganisational factors. Enablers included using a culturally acceptable model, linking lead screening with routine health checks and using the finger-prick method of testing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The final report for the study included recommendations to improve participation rates of Aboriginal children including using social marketing, formalising collaboration between health services, supporting disadvantaged families and employing an Aboriginal Health Worker.
authors.affiliation: NSW Public Health Officer Training Program, NSW Ministry of Health, Australia. s.thomas@flinders.edu.au
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boreland
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lyle
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003153:Community Health Services; D017144:Focus Groups; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006303:Health Services, Indigenous; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009517:New South Wales; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: D007854:Lead