title: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and tumor histologic grade are associated with surgical detection of the sentinel lymph node.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study which variables involved in the process of selective sentinel node biopsy (SSNB) influence the intraoperative detection of the sentinel lymph node.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective cross-sectional study in 210 patients (mean age, 54 years) diagnosed with breast cancer who underwent SSNB. We recorded clinical, radiological, radioisotope administration, surgical, and histological data as well as follow-up data. We did a descriptive analysis of the data and an associative analysis using multivariable regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Deep injection alone was the most common route of radioisotope administration (72.7%). Most lesions were palpable (57.1%), presented as nodules (67.1%), measured less than 2 cm in diameter (64.8%), were located in the upper outer quadrant (49.1%), were ductal carcinomas (85.7%), were accompanied by infiltration (66.2%), and had a histologic grade of differentiation of ii (44.8%). Preoperative scintigraphy detected the sentinel node in 97.6% of cases and 95.7% were detected during the operation. One axillary relapse was observed. In the associative study, the variables "preoperative lymphoscintigraphy" and "histologic grade of differentiation of the tumor" were significantly associated with the detection of the sentinel lymph node during the operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The probability of not detecting the sentinel lymph node during the surgical intervention is higher in patients with high histologic grade tumors or in patients in whom preoperative lymphoscintigraphy failed to detect the sentinel node.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital La Mancha-Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, España. Electronic address: mariaariasortega@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arias Ortega
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, España.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Torres Sousa
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, España.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: González García
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, España.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pardo García
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González López
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, España.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delgado Portela
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D061305:Lymphoscintigraphy; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000071036:Sentinel Lymph Node / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
keywords: Biopsia del ganglio centinela; Breast cancer; Cirugía; Cáncer de mama; Imagen nuclear; Nuclear imaging; Sentinel node biopsy; Surgery