title: Generation of eX vivo-vascularized Muscle Engineered Tissue (X-MET).
abstract: The object of this study was to develop an in vitro bioengineered three-dimensional vascularized skeletal muscle tissue, named eX-vivo Muscle Engineered Tissue (X-MET). This new tissue contains cells that exhibit the characteristics of differentiated myotubes, with organized contractile machinery, undifferentiated cells, and vascular cells capable of forming "vessel-like" networks. X-MET showed biomechanical properties comparable with that of adult skeletal muscles; thus it more closely mimics the cellular complexity typical of in vivo muscle tissue than myogenic cells cultured in standard monolayer conditions. Transplanted X-MET was able to mimic the activity of the excided EDL muscle, restoring the functionality of the damaged muscle. Our results suggest that X-MET is an ideal in vitro 3D muscle model that can be employed to repair muscle defects in vivo and to perform in vitro studies, limiting the use of live animals.
authors.affiliation: Institute Pasteur Cenci-Bolognetti, DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, IIM, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carosio
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barberi
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rizzuto
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
authors.forename: Zaccaria
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Del Prete
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Musarò
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000637:transplantation*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*