title: The challenges of injuries and trauma in Pakistan: an opportunity for concerted action.
abstract: Injuries and trauma are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in low and middle income countries (LMICs). In Pakistan, a low income South Asian developing country, they are among the top ten contributors to disease burden and causes of disabilities, with the majority of the burden falling on younger people in the population. This burden of injuries comes with a high social and economic cost. Several distal and proximal determinants, such as poverty, political instability, frequent natural disasters, and the lack of legislation and enforcement of preventive measures, make the Pakistani population susceptible to injuries. Historically, there has been a low level of investment in the prevention of injuries in Pakistan. Data is limited and while a public sector surveillance project has been initiated in one major urban centre, the major sources of information on injuries have been police and hospital records. Given the cost-effectiveness of injury prevention programs and their success in other LMICs, it is essential that the public sector invest in injury prevention through improving national policies and creating a strong evidence-based strategy while collaborating with the private sector to promote injury prevention and mobilizing people to engage in these programs.
authors.affiliation: International Injury Research Unit, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. ahyder@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hyder
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Razzak
mesh_terms: D017281:Cost of Illness; D003906:Developing Countries; D006801:Humans; D007449:Investments; D010154:Pakistan; D011203:Poverty; D017149:Private Sector / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017150:Public Sector / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: Injuries; Low and middle income countries; Pakistan; Trauma