title: [Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec, evolution and genetic lines of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus].
abstract: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the main pathogen of hospital- and community-associated infections. Methicillin resistance is due to mecA gene located in a mobile complex element, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). The structure of the staphylococcal cassettes is diverse. At present eleven types of the cassettes are described. Types I-IV SCCmec are always associated with epidemiologically significant genetic lines of Staphylococcus. Thus, the pandemic hospital-associated MRSA (HA MRSA) belonging to CC5 and CC8 are of the types I-III SCCmec. The prevalence of virulent community-associated MRSA (CA MRSA) in many regions of the world is first of all connected with the characteristics of the type IV SCCmec structure and the presence of a recently described arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) increasing the colonization activity of Staphylococcus. The review presents the up-to-date data on the origin, genetic structure and classification of SCCmec. Global genetic lines of MRSA are described and the problem of CA MRSA is discussed.
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Gostev
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Sidorenko
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D058873:Pandemics; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; D015995:Prevalence; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000635:transmission
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; C487789:mecA protein, Staphylococcus aureus