title: A patient presenting with metabolic acidosis despite severe vomiting--correct diagnosis by use of the physical-chemical approach.
abstract: We describe the case of a 28-year-old otherwise healthy woman who presents to our emergency department with nausea for 2 days and severe vomiting for 1 day. She has no history of travel, and her medical history is unremarkable. The physical examination shows a soft and nontender abdomen. Laboratory examinations reveal the presence of significant metabolic alkalosis despite the severe vomiting of the patient. Hypochloremic alkalosis would be expected to be present in this patient. We explain how to correctly identify the rare cause of metabolic acidosis present in this patient using the physicochemical approach (Stewarts approach) for the analysis of human acid-base disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland. lindner.gregor@gmail.com
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pfortmüller
authors.forename: Aristomenis K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Exadaktylos
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000209:etiology*; D000328:Adult; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007662:Ketosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides