title: [Infantile hemangioma: update and treatment].
abstract: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is not strictly speaking a tumor, but the result of anarchic postnatal vasculogenesis. Hypoxia seems to play an important role as a predisposing factor. IHs can present three clinical morphologies: superficial, deep, or mixed. Localized IHs are oval or round, circumscribed lesions, whereas segmental IHs extend across a large anatomic area with a geographic shape. Localized IHs are often benign, except when they are located near a noble structure such as the airways or the orbital area. Segmental IH may be associated with birth defects (PHACES syndrome and SACRAL syndrome). Clinical follow-up of infants with IH should be very careful in the first weeks of life since 80% of all IHs have reached their final size at 5 months of age. The main indications for treatment of IHs are: life-threatening conditions (heart failure, respiratory distress), functional risks (amblyopia, swallowing disorders, etc.), aesthetic risks (especially IH of the face localized on the nose, lips, etc.), and painful ulcerated IH. Beta-blockers, namely propranolol, have quickly become the first-line therapy of complicated IH. The treatment should be given as soon as possible to avoid sequelae.
authors.affiliation: Unité de dermatologie pédiatrique, centre de référence maladies rares de la peau, hôpital Pellegrin-Enfants, CHU de Bordeaux, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France. Christine.labreze@chu-bordeaux.fr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Léauté-Labrèze
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D061345:Early Medical Intervention; D004954:Esthetics; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011433:Propranolol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D011433:Propranolol