title: Kuromoji (Lindera umbellata) essential oil inhibits LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells.
abstract: Kuromoji (Lindera umbellata) essential oil (KEO) has long been used in Japan as a traditional medicine. It contains linalool (C10H18O), a naturally occurring small terpenoid. For this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of KEO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Mouse macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS. Then they were treated with 25 or 50 µg/mL of KEO for 24 h. KEO suppressed LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production such as that of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression and protein levels were suppressed by treatment with KEO cells. In addition, by treatment with 25 or 50 µg/mL of linalool showed the same anti-inflammatory effect. The results suggest that KEO and linalool can be regarded as a natural resource for use in anti-inflammatory therapeutic products.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan. hayatosp@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Yohtaro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katagata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics; D027443:Lindera / Q000737:chemistry*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D047495:PPAR gamma; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2