title: [Influence of different surface treatments on porcelain surface topography].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of different surface treatments on porcelain surface topography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metal ceramic prostheses in 6 groups were treated according to the different surface treatment methods, and the surface topography was observed through scanning electron microscope (SEM). Group A was the control one (untreated), group B was etched by 9.6% hydrofluoric acid(HF), group C was deglazed by grinding and then etched by 9.6% HF, group D was treated with Nd: YAG laser irradiation(0.75 W) and HF etching, group E was treated with Nd: YAG laser irradiation (1.05 W) and HF etching, and group F was treated with laser irradiation (1.45 W) and HF etching.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surface topography was different in different groups. A lot of inerratic cracks with the shapes of rhombuses and grid, and crater with a shape of circle were observed on the ceramic surface after treatment with energy parameters of 1.05 W Nd: YAG laser irradiation and 9.6% HF etching (group E). Surface topography showed a lot of concaves on the inner wall of the cracks, and the concaves with diameter of 1-5 microm could be observed on the inner wall of the holes, which had a diameter of 20 microm under SEM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of Nd: YAG laser irradiation with the energy parameters of 1.05 W and the HF with a concentration of 9.6% can evenly coarsen the porcelain surface, that is an effective surface treatment method.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
authors.forename: Yinxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Xianchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xueming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State; D033081:Shear Strength; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003776:Dental Porcelain; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid