title: MR imaging of the paediatric foot and ankle.
abstract: Radiography is the mainstay for initial evaluation of paediatric foot and ankle pathology. MRI is the preferred exam for further characterisation of the majority of these conditions. The modality features high sensitivity and specificity for this purpose with few exceptions. Findings on MRI will often dictate patient referral and further management, and are frequently required for surgical planning. This article will provide an overview of a variety of pathologies that afflict the foot and ankle in children. These include tarsal coalition, osteochondral lesions, osteonecrosis, osteochondroses, stress fractures, osteomyelitis, inflammatory arthritis, neoplasms of bone and soft tissue, and foreign bodies. Their respective imaging manifestations on MRI are the focus of the paper. Technical parameters and marrow signal variation are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. riyer@uw.edu
authors.forename: Ramesh S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.forename: Mahesh M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Thapa
mesh_terms: D000842:Ankle / Q000473:pathology; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000473:pathology; D018409:Foot Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000473:pathology*