title: 2D map of proteins from human renal stone matrix and evaluation of their effect on oxalate induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Proteins constitute a major portion of the organic matrix of human calcium oxalate (CaOx) renal stones and the matrix is considered to be important in stone formation and growth. The present study evaluates the effect of these proteins on oxalate injured renal epithelial cells accompanied by a 2D map of these proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  Proteins were isolated from the matrix of kidney stones containing CaOx as the major constituent using EGTA as a demineralizing agent. The effect of more than 3kDa proteins from matrix of human renal (calcium oxalate) CaOx stones was investigated on oxalate induced cell injury of MDCK renal tubular epithelial cells. A 2D map of >3kDa proteins was also generated followed by protein identification using MALDI-TOF MS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The >3kDa proteins enhanced the injury caused by oxalate on MDCK cells. Also, the 2D map of proteins having MW more than 3kDa suggested the abundance of proteins in the matrix of renal stone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Studies indicate that the mixture of >3kDa proteins in the matrix of human renal stones acts as promoter of calcium oxalate crystal nucleation and growth as it augments the renal epithelial cell injury induced by oxalate. The effect of promoters masks the inhibitors in the protein mixture thereby leading to enhanced renal cell injury. 2D map throws light on the nature of proteins present in the kidney stones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat- 173234, Solan HP, India.
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tandon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000737:chemistry*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival; D003460:Crystallization; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000737:chemistry*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D012016:Reference Values; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D002129:Calcium Oxalate