title: Genomic evolution and polymorphism: segmental duplications and haplotypes at 108 regions on 21 chromosomes.
abstract: We describe here extensive, previously unknown, genomic polymorphism in 120 regions, covering 19 autosomes and both sex chromosomes. Each contains duplication within multigene clusters. Of these, 108 are extremely polymorphic with multiple haplotypes. We used the genomic matching technique (GMT), previously used to characterise the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and regulators of complement activation (RCA). This genome-wide extension of this technique enables the examination of many underlying cis, trans and epistatic interactions responsible for phenotypic differences especially in relation to individuality, evolution and disease susceptibility. The extent of the diversity could not have been predicted and suggests a new model of primate evolution based on conservation of polymorphism rather than de novo mutation.
authors.affiliation: C.Y. O'Connor ERADE Village, PO Box 5100, Canning Vale, Western Australia 6155, Australia.
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McLure
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hinchliffe
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lester
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Millman
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Keating
authors.forename: Brent J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Roger L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Dawkins
mesh_terms: D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics*; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015894:Genome, Human; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D056916:Segmental Duplications, Genomic / Q000235:genetics*