title: Identification and characterization of adolescents' sexual boundaries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adolescents' decisions to have sex may be based on a priori boundaries placed on sex. This study addresses: (1) to what extent adolescents set vaginal sexual boundaries; (2) the types of sexual boundaries most and least likely to be endorsed; and (3) to what extent sexual boundaries vary by sex, race/ethnicity, and sexual experience.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of 518 students attending 10th grade. Survey measures queried about demographics, ever having sex, and existence of sexual boundaries (e.g., being in love, having an attractive partner) that must be in place before having vaginal sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequently endorsed boundaries were maturity, commitment, trust, love, and marriage. These boundaries were more frequently endorsed than having a safer-sex method. Compared with females, males were more likely to choose boundaries based on partner attractiveness (p < .001) and avoiding trouble (p < .04). Compared with Asians and Pacific Islanders, whites were more likely to endorse wanting to be a certain age to have sex (p < .01 and p < .05, respectively); Asians and Pacific Islanders were more likely to choose sexual boundaries based on marriage (p's < .05). Adolescents who were sexually experienced were more likely than inexperienced adolescents to endorse boundaries related to relationship characteristics and partner attractiveness (OR = 2.5), and less likely to endorse boundaries related to feeling mature (OR = .34) and waiting until marriage (OR = .34).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Identifying adolescents' sexual boundaries should help healthcare professionals better understand under what circumstances adolescents are more or less likely to have sex; and this information should ultimately inform the development of new interventions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA. hilarywolf@gmail.com
authors.forename: Hilary T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Holly E R
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Morrell
authors.forename: Bonnie L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Halpern-Felsher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003075:Coitus / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data