title: Perceived and anticipated discrimination in people with mental illness--an interview study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies on perceived discrimination of people with mental illness are largely lacking. The purpose of the study was to investigate perceived discrimination in a sample of users in contact with mental health services in Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interviews were conducted with 156 users, asking for perceived and anticipated discrimination during the last 2 years. Background characteristics were also collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perceived discrimination was common. Highest frequencies were reported regarding family (54%), avoidance by people who knew about the mental illness (53%) and in making or keeping friends (50%). A majority of those anticipating discrimination regarding job or education seeking, or starting a close relationship did not report having been discriminated in these areas. Previous hospitalizations were associated with discrimination, and age with anticipated discrimination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Public stigma and self-stigma have been reported to have a number of negative consequences for people with mental illness. Discrimination is part of this complex situation and this study showed that this largely affects a number of individual life areas posing an obstacle for social integration. Anticipated discrimination or self-stigma was also prevalent and it is pointed out that this to a great extent is an obstacle on its own without being promoted by actual experiences of discrimination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Lund University , Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hansson
authors.forename: Sigrid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stjernswärd
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Svensson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D008605:Mental Health Services; D008875:Middle Aged; D011287:Prejudice; D012938:Social Perception; D013548:Sweden