title: What determines Alnus-associated ectomycorrhizal community diversity and specificity? A comparison of host and habitat effects at a regional scale.
abstract: · Global-scale analyses of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi communities emphasize host plant families as the main drivers of diversity. This study aims to test, on Alnus-ECM communities, which fungi are said to be 'host-specific', to what extent host species, habitat and distance explain their alpha and beta diversity variations, and their specificity. · In France, ECM communities associated with two subgenera and five species of Alnus, were sampled on 165 trees from 39 lowland to subalpine sites. In all, 1178 internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of ECM fungi clustered in 86 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs). · The species richness was low but still variable, and the evenness of communities was lower on organic soils and in Corsica. Similarity between communities was influenced both by host, soil parameters, altitude and longitude, but not by climate and distance. A large majority of 'specific' fungi were shared between host species within a subgenus, and showed habitat preferences within the subgenus distribution range. · Our study confirms that Alnus ECM communities are low in diversity, highly conserved at a regional scale, and partly shared between congeneric host species. A large part of alpha and beta diversity variations remained unexplained, and other processes may shape these communities.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, UMR 5174 UPS, ENFA, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, UMR 5174 UPS, ENFA, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex, France.|UMR BioEMCo, équipe Ibios, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Université Paris Est Créteil, 61 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Juliette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rochet
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, UMR 5174 UPS, ENFA, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manzi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, UMR 5174 UPS, ENFA, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jargeat
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, UMR 5174 UPS, ENFA, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gryta
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques, UFR Pharmacie, Université Lille Nord de France, EA GRIIOT 4481, BP83, 59006, Lille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Pierre-Arthur
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Moreau
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, UMR 5174 UPS, ENFA, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gardes
mesh_terms: D029661:Alnus / Q000382:microbiology*; D044822:Biodiversity; D017753:Ecosystem; D005602:France; D005843:Geography; D058507:Host Specificity; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000254:growth & development*; D012988:Soil Microbiology