title: Crystal structure of human tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-2 reveals the mechanism of protein tyrosine sulfation reaction.
abstract: Post-translational protein modification by tyrosine sulfation has an important role in extracellular protein-protein interactions. The protein tyrosine sulfation reaction is catalysed by the Golgi enzyme called the tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase. To date, no crystal structure is available for tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase. Detailed mechanism of protein tyrosine sulfation reaction has thus remained unclear. Here we present the first crystal structure of the human tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase isoform 2 complexed with a substrate peptide (C4P5Y3) derived from complement C4 and 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphate at 1.9 Å resolution. Structural and complementary mutational analyses revealed the molecular basis for catalysis being an SN2-like in-line displacement mechanism. Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase isoform 2 appeared to recognize the C4 peptide in a deep cleft by using a short parallel β-sheet type interaction, and the bound C4P5Y3 forms an L-shaped structure. Surprisingly, the mode of substrate peptide recognition observed in the tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase isoform 2 structure resembles that observed for the receptor type tyrosine kinases.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Takamasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teramoto
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujikawa
authors.forename: Yoshirou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Katsuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurogi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soejima
authors.forename: Rumi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mishiro-Sato
authors.forename: Ming-Cheh
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suiko
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakuta
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites; D055162:Biocatalysis; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry; D055672:Static Electricity; D040681:Structural Homology, Protein; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism*; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D013431:Sulfates; D014443:Tyrosine; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; C010840:adenosine 3'-phosphate-5'-phosphate; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D015238:Sulfotransferases; C114740:TPST2 protein, human