title: DNA and histone methylation in gastric carcinogenesis.
abstract: Epigenetic alterations contribute significantly to the development and progression of gastric cancer, one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Epigenetics refers to the number of modifications of the chromatin structure that affect gene expression without altering the primary sequence of DNA, and these changes lead to transcriptional activation or silencing of the gene. Over the years, the study of epigenetic processes has increased, and novel therapeutic approaches that target DNA methylation and histone modifications have emerged. A greater understanding of epigenetics and the therapeutic potential of manipulating these processes is necessary for gastric cancer treatment. Here, we review recent research on the effects of aberrant DNA and histone methylation on the onset and progression of gastric tumors and the development of compounds that target enzymes that regulate the epigenome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 04023-900, Brazil. danicalcagno@gmail.com
authors.forename: Danielle Queiroz
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Calcagno
authors.forename: Carolina Oliveira
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Gigek
authors.forename: Elizabeth Suchi
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Rommel Rodriguez
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Burbano
authors.forename: Marília de Arruda Cardoso
authors.initials: Mde A
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006657:Histones
keywords: DNA methylation; Epigenetic; Gastric cancer; Gastric carcinogenesis; Histone methylation