title: Effects of latitude and weather conditions on phenolic compounds in currant (Ribes spp.) cultivars.
abstract: Effects of growth latitude and weather conditions on phenolic compounds of currants (Ribes spp.) were investigated. The berries of red currant cultivar 'Red Dutch', white currant 'White Dutch', and green currant 'Vertti' were collected in seven consecutive years from two growth sites (south and north) with a latitudinal distance of 690 km. The contents of hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates and flavonol glycosides in 'Vertti' were higher than those in 'White Dutch' by 8 and 5 times, respectively, and by 50 and 3 times than those in 'Red Dutch', respectively. The total content of phenolic compounds was 10-19% higher in the north than in the south (p < 0.05). In 'Red Dutch', anthocyanins were 12% richer in berries from the north compared with those from the south (p < 0.05). The total content of hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates in 'Vertti' and 'White Dutch' from the north was 30% higher than those from the south (p < 0.05). High radiation and temperature were associated with low contents of the major phenolic compounds in all the cultivars studied. High humidity correlated with low levels of hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates in green and white currants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. baoru.yang@utu.fi
authors.forename: Baoru
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Oskar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laaksonen
authors.forename: Risto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tahvonen
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kallio
mesh_terms: D002980:Climate; D005387:Finland; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D031965:Ribes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D013045:Species Specificity; D014887:Weather
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D006027:Glycosides; D010636:Phenols