title: Effectiveness of telephone-based follow-up support delivered in combination with a multi-component smoking cessation intervention in family practice: a cluster-randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether telephone-based smoking cessation follow-up counseling (FC), when delivered as part of a multi-component intervention program is associated with increased rates of follow-up support and smoking abstinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cluster randomized controlled-trial was conducted within family medicine practices in Ontario, Canada. Consecutive adult patients who smoked were enrolled at two time points, the baseline period (2009) and the post-intervention period (2009-2011). Smoking abstinence was determined by telephone interview 4 months following enrollment. Both groups implemented a multi-component intervention program. Practices randomized to the FC group could also refer patients to a follow-up support program which involved 5 telephone contacts over a 2-month period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight practices, 130 providers, and 928 eligible patients participated in the study. No statistically significant difference in 7-day point-prevalence abstinence was observed between intervention groups. There was a significant increase in referral to follow-up in both intervention groups. Significantly higher rates of smoking abstinence [25.7% vs. 11.3%; adjusted OR 3.1 (95% CI: 1.1, 8.6), p<0.05] were documented among the twenty-nine percent of FC participants who were referred to the follow-up support program compared to the MC group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Access to external follow-up support did not increase rates at which follow-up support was delivered.
authors.affiliation: MINTO Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. SPapadakis@Ottawaheart.ca
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Papadakis
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Andrew L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Pipe
authors.forename: Scott T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Letherdale
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: K Stephen
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013689:Telephone; D016896:Treatment Outcome