title: Orbital volume augmentation after injection of human orbital adipose-derived stem cells in rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This randomized, controlled animal study investigated the morphologic and histologic properties of rabbit orbital fat following injection of human orbital adipose-derived stem cells (hoADSCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The efficacy of hoADSCs was compared to that of hyaluronic acid gel (HAG) and human orbital stromal vascular fraction (hoSVF). A total of 30 orbits from 15 New Zealand white rabbits (25 weeks postnatal, 2500-3000 g) underwent injection with HAG (molecular weight [MW] 1,000,000, 0.5 mL, n = 10, HAG only), hoSVF (0.25 mL) mixed with HAG (0.25 mL, n = 10, HAG + hoSVF), or hoADSCs (0.25 mL) mixed with HAG (0.25 mL, n = 10, HAG + hoADSCs). The degree of proptosis, and the time course of changes were determined and compared among groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The difference between the initial exophthalmometric value and that at 4 weeks after injection was 1.77 mm for HAG only and 2.01 mm for HAG + hoSVF. The difference between the initial value and that at 12 weeks decreased to 0.05 mm for HAG only and 0.24 mm for HAG + hoSVF. In contrast, injection of HAG + hoADSCs increased the exophthalmometric value by 2.43 mm at 4 weeks after injection, and this difference was maintained at 2.56 mm at 12 weeks. Histopathologic examination revealed specific inflammation around the injection materials at 4 weeks after injection, and inflammation subsided 8 weeks after injection in all three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, transplantation of hoADSCs with HAG is a safe and effective technique for orbital fat volume expansion. This is a new and promising method for orbital reconstruction and aesthetic orbital volume augmentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bundang CHA General Hospital, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Yeun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kwang Hyoung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Kwang Hoe
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Gwang Il
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lew
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000209:etiology; D005782:Gels; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D056965:Injections, Intraocular; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D011817:Rabbits; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000637:transplantation; D015626:Tissue Expansion / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid