title: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory bioactivities of eburicoic acid and dehydroeburicoic acid isolated from Antrodia camphorata on the inflammatory mediator expression in mice.
abstract: Eburicoic acid (TR1) and dehydroeburicoic acid (TR2), an active ingredient from Antrodia camphorata (AC) solid-state culture, were evaluated for analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Treatment with TR1 and TR2 significantly inhibited a number of acetic acid-induced writhing responses and formalin-induced pain in the late phase. In the anti-inflammatory test, TR1 and TR2 decreased paw edema at the fourth and fifth hour after λ-carrageenan (Carr) administration and increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the paw edema tissue. We also demonstrated that TR1 and TR2 significantly attenuated the malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in either edema paw or serum at the fifth hour after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that TR1 and TR2 decreased Carr-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cycloxyclase (COX-2) expressions at the fifth hour in paw edema. Treatment with TR1 and TR2 also diminished neutrophil infiltration into the paw edema at the fifth hour. The present study suggests that the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of TR1 and TR2 might be related to the decrease of inflammatory cytokines and an increase of antioxidant enzyme activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jeng-Shyan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Shyh-Shyun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tsung-Hui
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Min-Min
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ching-Chuan
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Ping-Jyun
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Wen-Chi
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Guan-Jhong
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yueh-Hsiung
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055491:Antrodia / Q000737:chemistry*; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007810:Lanosterol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000276:immunology; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C547186:dehydroeburicoic acid; D007810:Lanosterol; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C004867:eburicoic acid; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II