title: Phytoaccumulation of antimicrobials by hydroponic Cucurbita pepo.
abstract: Consumer use of antimicrobial-containing products continuously introduces triclocarban and triclosan into the environment. Triclocarban and triclosan adversely affect plants and animals and have the potential to affect human health. Research examined the phytoaccumulation of triclocarban and triclosan by pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo cultivar Howden) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo cultivar Gold Rush) grown hydroponically. Pumpkin and zucchini were grown in nutrient solution spiked with 0.315 microg/mL triclocarban and 0.289 microg/mL triclosan for two months. Concentrations of triclocarban and triclosan in nutrient solutions were monitored weekly. At the end of the trial, roots and shoots were analyzed for triclocarban and triclosan. Research demonstrated that pumpkin and zucchini accumulated triclocarban and triclosan. Root accumulation factors were 1.78 and 0.64 and translocation factors were 0.001 and 0.082 for triclocarban and triclosan, respectively. The results of this experiment were compared with a previous soil column study that represented environmentally relevant exposure of antimicrobials from biosolids and had similar root mass. Plants were not as efficient in removing triclocarban and triclosan in hydroponic systems as in soil systems. Shoot concentrations of antimicrobials were the same or lower in hydroponic systems than in soil columns, indicating that hydroponic system does not overpredict the concentrations of antimicrobials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Niroj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aryal
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reinhold
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002224:Carbanilides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D028464:Cucurbita / Q000378:metabolism*; D018527:Hydroponics; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013997:Time Factors; D014260:Triclosan / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002224:Carbanilides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014260:Triclosan; C009540:triclocarban