title: Percentage body fat in apparently healthy school children from northern India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increased prevalence of obesity in childhood and adolescence, defined by the use of body mass index (BMI), has drawn attention towards direct measurement of body fat.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop age-and sex-specific reference distribution of body fat in apparently healthy North-Indian children in the age group of 7-17 years and to assess agreement between obesity (defined by BMI) and excess body fat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study subjects for this cross sectional study included 1640 apparently healthy school children (825 boys; 815 girls) aged 7-17 years. Total body fat was measured by dual energy X-rays absorptiometry (DXA). The excess body fat by DXA was defined by two methods, prevalence matching and with the use of 85th and 95th centile cutoffs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ± SD, 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 97th centile values of percentage body fat (PBF) are presented. PBF was highly correlated with BMI in both boys and girls (all boys: r=0.76, P<0.0001; all girls r=0.81, P<0.0001). There was no significant difference noted in PBF between boys and girls at the age of 7-8 years. From 9 years onwards, girls had significantly higher PBF than boys. Moderate degree of agreement was observed between BMI and PBF by DXA by both methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smoothened reference distribution of PBF for North-Indian children and adolescents in Delhi are provided. Indian children accumulate more body fat during peri-pubertal years in comparison with US children.
authors.affiliation: All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; *Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi; SUR Medical College, Delhi. *Both, RK and RKM should be considered as joint first authors for this study Correspondence to: Maj Gen RK Marwaha, Gautam Apartments, Gautam Nagar, New Delhi 110 049. marwaha_ramank@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khadgawat
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Marwaha
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mehan
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sastry
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhadra
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D012016:Reference Values; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*