title: Adverse health consequences of the Iraq War.
abstract: The adverse health consequences of the Iraq War (2003-11) were profound. We conclude that at least 116,903 Iraqi non-combatants and more than 4800 coalition military personnel died over the 8-year course. Many Iraqi civilians were injured or became ill because of damage to the health-supporting infrastructure of the country, and about 5 million were displaced. More than 31,000 US military personnel were injured and a substantial percentage of those deployed suffered post-traumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury, and other neuropsychological disorders and their concomitant psychosocial problems. Many family members of military personnel had psychological problems. Further review of the adverse health consequences of this war could help to minimise the adverse health consequences of, and help to prevent, future wars.
authors.affiliation: Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. blevy@igc.org
authors.forename: Barry S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Victor W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Sidel
mesh_terms: D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D004782:Environmental Health / Q000639:trends; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D045809:Human Rights Abuses; D006801:Humans; D007493:Iraq / Q000453:epidemiology; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009017:Morbidity; D009026:Mortality; D012036:Refugees; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D023481:Terrorism / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*