title: High-resolution steady-state cerebral blood volume maps in patients with central nervous system neoplasms using ferumoxytol, a superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle.
abstract: Cerebral blood volume (CBV) measurement complements conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to indicate pathologies in the central nervous system (CNS). Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion imaging is limited by low resolution and distortion. Steady-state (SS) imaging may provide higher resolution CBV maps but was not previously possible in patients. We tested the feasibility of clinical SS-CBV measurement using ferumoxytol, a nanoparticle blood pool contrast agent. SS-CBV measurement was analyzed at various ferumoxytol doses and compared with DSC-CBV using gadoteridol. Ninety nine two-day MRI studies were acquired in 65 patients with CNS pathologies. The SS-CBV maps showed improved contrast to noise ratios, decreased motion artifacts at increasing ferumoxytol doses. Relative CBV (rCBV) values obtained in the thalamus and tumor regions indicated good consistency between the DSC and SS techniques when the higher dose (510 mg) ferumoxytol was used. The SS-CBV maps are feasible using ferumoxytol in a clinical dose of 510 mg, providing higher resolution images with comparable rCBV values to the DSC technique. Physiologic imaging using nanoparticles will be beneficial in visualizing CNS pathologies with high vascularity that may or may not correspond with blood-brain barrier abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Csanad G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Varallyay
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nesbit
authors.forename: Rongwei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Seymur
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gahramanov
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moloney
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Earl
authors.forename: Leslie L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Muldoon
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Neuwelt
mesh_terms: D001810:Blood Volume; D001811:Blood Volume Determination / Q000379:methods*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D006801:Humans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D009942:Organometallic Compounds
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C062402:gadoteridol; D005682:Gadolinium