title: Nuclear positioning.
abstract: The nucleus is the largest organelle and is commonly depicted in the center of the cell. Yet during cell division, migration, and differentiation, it frequently moves to an asymmetric position aligned with cell function. We consider the toolbox of proteins that move and anchor the nucleus within the cell and how forces generated by the cytoskeleton are coupled to the nucleus to move it. The significance of proper nuclear positioning is underscored by numerous diseases resulting from genetic alterations in the toolbox proteins. Finally, we discuss how nuclear position may influence cellular organization and signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. ggg1@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Gregg G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Gundersen
authors.forename: Howard J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Worman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002477:Cells / Q000473:pathology; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism