title: Disseminating childhood home injury risk reduction information in Pakistan: results from a community-based pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Most childhood unintentional injuries occur in the home; however, very little home injury prevention information is tailored to developing countries. Utilizing our previously developed information dissemination tools and a hazard assessment checklist tailored to a low-income neighborhood in Pakistan, we pilot tested and compared the effectiveness of two dissemination tools.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two low-income neighborhoods were mapped, identifying families with a child aged between 12 and 59 months. In June and July 2010, all enrolled households underwent a home hazard assessment at the same time hazard reduction education was being given using an in-home tutorial or a pamphlet. A follow up assessment was conducted 4-5 months later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  503 households were enrolled; 256 received a tutorial and 247 a pamphlet. The two groups differed significantly (p < 0.01) in level of maternal education and relationship of the child to the primary caregiver. However, when controlling for these variables, those receiving an in-home tutorial had a higher odds of hazard reduction than the pamphlet group for uncovered vats of water (OR 2.14, 95% CI: 1.28, 3.58), an open fire within reach of the child (OR 3.55, 95% CI: 1.80, 7.00), and inappropriately labeled cooking fuel containers (OR 1.86, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pilot project demonstrates the potential utility of using home-visit tutorials to decrease home hazards in a low-income neighborhood in Pakistan. A longer-term randomized study is needed to assess actual effectiveness of the use of allied health workers for home-based injury education and whether this results in decreased home injuries.
authors.affiliation: International Injury Research Unit (IIRU), Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. archandr@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: Aruna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandran
authors.forename: Uzma Rahim
authors.initials: UR
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Nukhba
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zia
authors.forename: Asher
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feroze
authors.forename: Sarah Stewart
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: de Ramirez
authors.forename: Cheng-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Junaid A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Razzak
authors.forename: Adnan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hyder
mesh_terms: D000061:Accidents, Home / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000639:trends; D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006792:House Calls; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011203:Poverty; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D055815:Young Adult