title: Current integration of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV services in South Africa, 2011.
abstract: METHODS
  Public Health Facilities in South Africa.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the current integration of TB and HIV services in South Africa, 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of 49 randomly selected health facilities in South Africa. Trained interviewers administered a standardized questionnaire to one staff member responsible for TB and HIV in each facility on aspects of TB/HIV policy, integration and recording and reporting. We calculated and compared descriptive statistics by province and facility type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 49 health facilities 35 (71%) provided isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) and 35 (71%) offered antiretroviral therapy (ART). Among assessed sites in February 2011, 2,512 patients were newly diagnosed with HIV infection, of whom 1,913 (76%) were screened for TB symptoms, and 616 of 1,332 (46%) of those screened negative for TB were initiated on IPT. Of 1,072 patients newly registered with TB in February 2011, 144 (13%) were already on ART prior to Tb clinical diagnosis, and 451 (42%) were newly diagnosed with HIV infection. Of those, 84 (19%) were initiated on ART. Primary health clinics were less likely to offer ART compared to district hospitals or community health centers (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As of February 2011, integration of TB and HIV services is taking place in public medical facilities in South Africa. Among these services, IPT in people living with HIV and ART in TB patients are the least available.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pretoria, South Africa. jchehab06@gmail.com
authors.forename: Joel C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chehab
authors.forename: Amanda K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Vilakazi-Nhlapo
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vranken
authors.forename: Annatjie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Klausner
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006767:Hospitals, District / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D013019:South Africa; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid