title: Association between headache and temporomandibular joint disorders in children and adolescents.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJD) and headache in children and adolescents. A prospective cross-sectional cohort study was carried out involving 93 children and adolescents (6 to 14 years of age) at the outpatient service of a dental school. All participants underwent a clinical examination involving Axis 1 of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, along with a characterization of headache and an anthropometric evaluation. Statistical analysis involved the chi-squared test for quantitative variables and the Student's t-test, ANOVA and Tukey's test for quantitative data. An adjusted logistic regression model was used to determine significant associations among gender, age, TMJD and headache. Mild TMJD was identified in 35.8% of the sample and was not associated the presence of headache. Moderate TMJD was found in 25.8% of patients and severe TMJD was found in 11.8%; both forms of TMJD were associated with headache. A significant correlation was found between the intensity of TMJD and the risk of headache. The present findings demonstrate a positive correlation between TMJD and headache in children and adolescents, independently of gender and age.
authors.affiliation: Undergraduate Program in Medical School, University of Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Santos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Branco
authors.forename: Tatiana O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Santis
authors.forename: Thays A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Alfaya
authors.forename: Camila H L
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Godoy
authors.forename: Yara D
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Fragoso
authors.forename: Sandra K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bussadori
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000150:complications; D024343:Open Bite / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D057085:Tooth Wear / Q000150:complications