title: Possible Modulation of the Anexiogenic Effects of Vitex Agnus-castus by the Serotonergic System.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is well documented evidence for the increase in widespread use of complementary and alternative medicine in the treatment of physical and psychiatric symptoms and disorders within the populations. In the present study, we investigated the influence of V itex agnus-castus (vitex) on anxiety-like behaviors of rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Elevated plus maze which is one of the methods used for testing anxiety is used in our present study. Rats were orally administrated with vitex for two week. The anxiety test was carried out after two weeks of oral administration of vitex. For evaluating interaction of vitex and serotonergic systems, rats were anaesthetized with ketamine and special cannulas were inserted stereotaxically into the third ventricle (TV) of brain. After 1 week recovery, the effects of serotonegic agents on anxiety were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral administration of vitex (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) for two weeks induced an anxiogenic-like effect which was shown through specific decreases in the percentages of open arm time (OAT %) and open arm entries (OAE %). Intra - TV infusion of 5HT1A receptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT (5, 10 and 25 ng/rat) increased OAT% and OAE%, indicating anxiolytic-like behavior. However, injection of 5HT1A receptor antagonist NAN190 (0.25, 0.5 and 1 µg/rat) produced anxiogenic-like behavior. The most effective dose of 8-OH-DPAT (10 ng/rat), when co-administered with vitex (100, 200, 300 mg/kg), attenuated the anxiogenic-like effects of vitex significantly. Injection of the less effective dose of NAN190 (0.5 µg/rat), in combination with vitex (100, 200, 300 mg/kg), potentiate anxiogenic effects of vitex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results illustrate that 5HT1A receptor is involved in the anxiogenic effects of vitex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology, Science and Research Campus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Parichehr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yaghmaei
authors.forename: Shahrbanoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oryan
authors.forename: Laleh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fatehi Gharehlar
authors.forename: Ali-Akbar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Salari
authors.forename: Jalal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Solati
keywords: Anxiety; Rat; Serotonergic system; Vitex agnus-castus