title: Arterial blood gases, electrolytes, and metabolic indices associated with hemorrhagic shock: inter- and intrainbred rat strain variation.
abstract: We have previously shown interstrain variation (indicating a genetic basis), and intrastrain variation in survival time after hemorrhage (STaH) among inbred rat strains. To assist in understanding physiological mechanisms associated with STaH, we analyzed various arterial blood measures (ABM; pH, Paco2, oxygen content, sodium, potassium, glucose, bicarbonate, base excess, total CO2, and ionized calcium) in inbred rats. Rats from five inbred strains (n = 8-10/strain) were catheterized and, ≈ 24 h later, subjected to a conscious, controlled, 47% hemorrhage. ABM were measured at the start (initial) and end (final) of hemorrhage. Inter- and intrainbred strain variations of ABM were quantified and compared, and correlations of ABM with STaH were determined. All final ABM values and some initial ABM values were different among strains. Most ABM changed (Δ) during hemorrhage, and these changes differed among strains (P <0.03). Some strain-dependent correlations (r ≥ 0.7; P ≤ 0.05) existed between ΔABM and STaH (e.g., BN/Mcwi, ΔK(+), r = -0.84). Dark Agouti rats (longest STaH) had the smallest ΔPaco2, ΔHCO3(-), and Δbase excess, and the highest final glucose. High coefficients of variation (CVs, >10%), strain-specific CVs, and low intraclass correlation coefficients (rI < 0.5) defined the large intrastrain ABM variation that exceeded interstrain variation for most ABM. These results suggest that some ABM (K(+), Paco2, glucose, oxygen content) could predict subsequent STaH in an inbred rat strain-dependent manner. We speculate that whereas genetic differences may be responsible for interstrain variation, individual-specific epigenetic processes (e.g., DNA methylation) may be partly responsible for both inter- and intrastrain ABM variation.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234, USA.
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Bijan S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kheirabadi
authors.forename: Harold G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Klemcke
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005740:Gases / Q000097:blood*; D020896:Hypovolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D020303:Rats, Inbred Dahl; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D005740:Gases
keywords: Paco2; arterial blood gases; blood electrolytes; hemorrhage; intraclass correlation coefficient; intrainbred strain variation; oxygen content