title: The cost of pharmaceutical innovation to patients.
abstract: Many argue that high costs of pharmaceutical research and development leads to high drug-prices and that existing prices are necessary to fund future expenditures on research and development. However, high pharmaceutical-prices can limit patient access to life-saving therapeutics. This paper examines the impact of high prices on patients and the relation between prices and innovation, and finally, considers policies that may balance patients' access to medications and financial rewards to industry.
authors.affiliation: Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Health Policy, Box 1077, One Gustave L. Levy Place, NY 10029, New York, USA salomeh.keyhani@mssm.edu.
authors.forename: Salomeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keyhani
authors.forename: Joseph S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ross