title: Physical inactivity and insufficient dietary intake are associated with the frequency of sarcopenia in patients with compensated viral liver cirrhosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The association between sarcopenia and nutritional status is thought to be an important problem in patients with cirrhosis. In this study, we investigated whether nutritional factors were related to sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 50 patients with cirrhosis aged 41 years or older. In this study, the subjects were interviewed about their dietary habits, and their daily physical activity was surveyed using a pedometer. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated using the appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) measured by bioelectric impedance analysis. The handgrip strength was measured using a hand dynamometer. Sarcopenia was defined by SMI and handgrip strength. The patients with cirrhosis were categorized as normal group or sarcopenia group, and the two groups were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression modeling were used to identify the relevance for sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Height (odds ratio (OR), 5.336; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.063-26.784; P = 0.042), energy intake per ideal bodyweight (IBW) (OR, 5.882; 95% CI, 1.063-32.554; P = 0.042) and number of steps (OR, 4.767; 95% CI, 1.066-21.321; P = 0.041) were independent relevant factors for sarcopenia. Moreover, a significantly greater number of the patients in the sarcopenia group had low values for both parameters' energy intake per IBW and number of steps.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that walking 5000 or more steps per day and maintaining a total energy intake of 30 kcal/IBW may serve as a reference for lifestyle guidelines for compensated cirrhotic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumikazu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Yoshinari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Momoki
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuikawa
authors.forename: Genya
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hamakawa
authors.forename: Etsushi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagihara
authors.forename: Madoka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Sawako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwai
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Enomoto
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamori
authors.forename: Norifumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: Daiki
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Habu
keywords: dietary intake; elderly; liver cirrhosis; number of steps; sarcopenia