title: Relation of activation-induced deaminase (AID) expression with antibody response to A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination in HIV-1 infected patients.
abstract: The relevance of CD4+T-cells, viral load and age in the immunological response to influenza infection and vaccination in HIV-1 infected individuals has previously been pointed out. Our study aimed at assessing, in the setting of 2009 A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza vaccination, whether quantification of activation-induced deaminase (AID) expression in blood B-cells may provide additional indications for predicting antibody response to vaccination in HIV-1 infected patients with similar CD4+T-cell counts and age. Forty-seven healthy controls, 37 ART-treated and 17 treatment-naïve HIV-1 infected patients were enrolled in the study. Blood was collected prior to A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination and at 1, 3 and 6 months after vaccination. Antibody titers to A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine were measured by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay while the mRNA expression levels of AID were measured by quantitative real time PCR. Upon B-cell activation in vitro, AID increase correlated to antibody response to the A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine at 1 month after vaccination in all individuals. In addition, the maximum expression levels of AID were significantly higher in those individuals who still carried protective levels of A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies after 6 months from vaccination. No correlation was found between CD4+T-cell counts or age at vaccination or HIV-1 viral load and levels of A(H1N1)pdm09 antibodies. Assessing AID expression before vaccination may be an additional useful tool for defining a vaccination strategy in immune-compromised individuals at risk of immunization failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. alberto.cagigi@opbg.net
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cagigi
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pensieroso
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruffin
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sammicheli
authors.forename: Rigmor
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thorstensson
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pan-Hammarström
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hejdeman
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiodi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014611:Vaccination; D019562:Viral Load; D000098830:AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase)
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D000098830:AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase); D003564:Cytidine Deaminase