title: Opioid and chronic non-cancer pain.
abstract: Although, opioids are advocated in various guidelines their use for chronic non-cancer pain is controversial because evidence of long term benefit is weak. The potential for serious adverse effects and local regulations promote caution in both the prescribers and users. However, opioids have a place in the management of chronic non-cancer pain in carefully selected patients with regular monitoring and as a part of the multimodal therapy. It is important for the treating physician to be up-to-date with this form of therapy, in order to have the necessary confidence to prescribe opioids and manage adverse effects. The common adverse effects should be treated promptly to improve patient compliance. We believe that opioid therapy in low doses is beneficial to some patients. It should not be denied but carefully considered on case by case basis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Atcheson
keywords: Chronic non cancer pain; musculoskeletal pain; neuropathic pain; opioids