title: DNA binding and anti-cancer activity of redox-active heteroleptic piano-stool Ru(II), Rh(III), and Ir(III) complexes containing 4-(2-methoxypyridyl)phenyldipyrromethene.
abstract: The synthesis of four novel heteroleptic dipyrrinato complexes [(η(6)-arene)RuCl(2-pcdpm)] (η(6)-arene = C6H6, 1; C10H14, 2) and [(η(5)-C5Me5)MCl(2-pcdpm)] (M = Rh, 3; Ir, 4) containing a new chelating ligand 4-(2-methoxypyridyl)-phenyldipyrromethene (2-pcdpm) have been described. The complexes 1-4 have been fully characterized by various physicochemical techniques, namely, elemental analyses, spectral (ESI-MS, IR, (1)H, (13)C NMR, UV/vis) and electrochemical studies (cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)). Structures of 3 and 4 have been determined crystallographically. In vitro antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity of these complexes has been evaluated by trypan blue exclusion assay, cell morphology, apoptosis, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) fluorescence staining, and DNA fragmentation assay in Dalton lymphoma (DL) cell lines. Interaction of 1-4 with calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) has also been supported by absorption titration and electrochemical studies. Our results suggest that in vitro antitumor activity of 1-4 lies in the order 2 > 1 > 4 > 3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005 Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Rakesh Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Rampal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Gunjan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Ritika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Biplob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: Saripella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srikrishna
authors.forename: Pei-Zhou
authors.initials: PZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Daya Shankar
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Pandey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002417:Cattle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007495:Iridium / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011162:Porphobilinogen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D012238:Rhodium / Q000737:chemistry; D012428:Ruthenium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002614:Chelating Agents; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D007495:Iridium; D011162:Porphobilinogen; D012428:Ruthenium; D004247:DNA; C427203:calf thymus DNA; D012238:Rhodium