title: Quantification of glyoxal, methylglyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone in blood and plasma by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: evaluation of blood specimen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The reactive α-oxoaldehydes glyoxal (GO), methylglyoxal (MGO) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) have been linked to diabetic complications and other age-related diseases. Numerous techniques have been described for the quantification of α-oxoaldehydes in blood or plasma, although with several shortcomings such as the need of large sample volume, elaborate extraction steps or long run-times during analysis. Therefore, we developed and evaluated an improved method including sample preparation, for the quantification of these α-oxoaldehydes in blood and plasma with ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC MS/MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  EDTA plasma and whole blood samples were deproteinized using perchloric acid (PCA) and subsequently derivatized with o-phenylenediamine (oPD). GO, MGO and 3-DG concentrations were determined using stable isotope dilution UPLC MS/MS with a run-to-run time of 8 min. Stability of α-oxoaldehyde concentrations in plasma and whole blood during storage was tested. The concentration of GO, MGO and 3-DG was measured in EDTA plasma of non-diabetic controls and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Calibration curves of GO, MGO and 3-DG were linear throughout selected ranges. Recoveries of these α-oxoaldehydes were between 95% and 104%. Intra- and inter-assay CVs were between 2% and 14%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To obtain stable and reliable α-oxoaldehyde concentrations, immediate centrifugation of blood after blood sampling is essential and the use of EDTA as anticoagulant is preferable. Moreover, immediate precipitation of plasma protein with PCA stabilized α-oxoaldehyde concentrations for at least 120 min. With the use of the developed method, we found increased plasma concentrations of GO, MGO and 3-DG in T2DM as compared with non-diabetic controls.
authors.forename: Jean L J M
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Scheijen
authors.forename: Casper G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Schalkwijk
mesh_terms: D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000592:standards; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000592:standards; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D006037:Glyoxal / Q000097:blood* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000737:chemistry; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde / Q000097:blood* / Q000592:standards; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000592:standards; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010472:Perchlorates; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D006037:Glyoxal; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde; D003847:Deoxyglucose; C016350:3-deoxyglucosone; C576518:Perchloric Acid