title: Quinolines as chemotherapeutic agents for leishmaniasis.
abstract: The development of leishmanicidal quinolines and their in vitro (promastigote and amastigote) and, where applicable, in vivo activities are reviewed. This survey provides a direct comparison of bioactivity across different species(e.g. L. donovani, L. amazonensis, L. chagasi, L infantum), and in different animal models (e.g. L. donovani Balb/c mice and L. donovani infected hamsters). The progress of selected quinolines through pre-clinical development and phase I/II trials, and the lead quinoline drugs sitamaquinine and Imiquimod, are discussed in conjunction with delivery systems and combination therapies.
authors.affiliation: Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia.
authors.forename: Kristie A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Wendy A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Loughlin
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011319:Primaquine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011804:Quinolines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D011804:Quinolines; D011319:Primaquine; D000077271:Imiquimod; C080436:8-aminoquinoline