title: Seroprevalence of HPV vaccine types 6, 11, 16 and 18 in HIV-infected and uninfected women from Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Information on vaccine-type HPV seroprevalence is essential for vaccine strategies; however, limited data are available on past exposure to HPV-quadrivalent vaccine types in HIV-infected woman in Brazil.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the seroprevalence for HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 in HIV-infected and uninfected women, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and to investigate potential associations with age and pregnancy status.
  
  
  METHODS
  1100-sera were tested by virus-like particle (VLPs)-based ELISA for antibodies to HPV types 16, 18, 6 and 11. Statistical analysis was carried out by STATA/SE 10.1 and comparisons among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women were assessed by Poisson regression models with robust variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPV-6, 11, 16 and 18 seroprevalence was significantly higher among HIV-positive women (29.9%, 8.5%, 56.2% and 38.0%, respectively) compared to HIV-negative women (10.9%, 3.5%, 30.8% and 21.7%, respectively), when adjusted by age and pregnancy status. Overall, 69.4% of HIV-infected and 41.5% of HIV-uninfected women tested positive for any HPV quadrivalent vaccine type. However 4.7% and 1.1%, respectively, tested positive for all HPV vaccine type. In HIV-uninfected women who were pregnant, we found a higher HPV-11 seroprevalence (8.5% vs. 1.5%; P < 0.001) and a lower HPV 16 seroprevalence (22.6% vs. 34.2%; P = 0.010) compared to not pregnant women. HIV-uninfected women, aged 40 or more years old had a higher HPV 16 seroprevalence compared to women aged less than 40 years old.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We did not observe a strong association between age and positive HPV antibodies nor an association between pregnancy and HPV seroprevalence. HPV seroprevalence was significantly higher among HIV-infected women compared to HIV negative women. In both populations the seroprevalence to all four HPV vaccine types was low suggesting that women may potentially benefit from the HPV vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. nicol@ioc.fiocruz.br
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Nicol
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grinsztejn
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Veloso
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Georg
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Pilotto
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: C A V
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Viscidi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D052140:Human papillomavirus 11 / Q000276:immunology*; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000276:immunology*; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000276:immunology*; D052163:Human papillomavirus 6 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines