title: Immediate bonding properties of universal adhesives to dentine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the dentine microtensile bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL), degree of conversion (DC) within the hybrid layer for etch-and-rinse and self-etch strategies of universal simplified adhesive systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  forty caries free extracted third molars were divided into 8 groups for μTBS (n=5), according to the adhesive and etching strategy: Clearfil SE Bond [CSE] and Adper Single Bond 2 [SB], as controls; Peak Universal Adhesive System, self-etch [PkSe] and etch-and-rinse [PkEr]; Scotchbond Universal Adhesive, self-etch [ScSe] and etch-and-rinse [ScEr]; All Bond Universal, self-etch [AlSe] and etch-and-rinse [AlEr]. After restorations were constructed, specimens were stored in water (37°C/24h) and then resin-dentine sticks were prepared (0.8mm(2)). The sticks were tested under tension at 0.5mm/min. Some sticks from each tooth group were used for DC determination by micro-Raman spectroscopy or nanoleakage evaluation (NL). The pH for each solution was evaluated using a pH metre. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For μTBS, only PkSe and PkEr were similar to the respective control groups (p>0.05). AlSe showed the lowest μTBS mean (p<0.05). For NL, ScEr, ScSe, AlSe, and AlEr showed the lowest NL similar to control groups (p<0.05). For DC, only ScSe showed lower DC than the other materials (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Performance of universal adhesives was shown to be material-dependent. The results indicate that this new category of universal adhesives used on dentine as either etch-and-rinse or self-etch strategies were inferior as regards at least one of the properties evaluated (μTBS, NL and DC) in comparison with the control adhesives (CSE for self-etch and SB for etch-and-rinse).
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: Issis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Luque
authors.forename: Viviane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hass
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Alessandro Dourado
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Loguercio
authors.forename: Nara Hellen Campanha
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Bombarda
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000268:Adhesiveness; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D058105:Polymerization; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D016622:Silver Staining; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C554641:Adper single bond 2; C074864:All-Bond system; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C074230:MDP adhesion promoting monomer; D008689:Methacrylates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; D014867:Water; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate; C041330:Scotchbond; C030242:phosphoric acid