title: [Interindividual variability in recovery after traumatic brain injury: effect of cognitive reserve].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cognitive reserve in recovery after a moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Different authors proposed that this construct might account for the mismatch between TBI severity, its clinical expression, and subsequent recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-four patients who sustained moderate-to-severe TBI participated in the study. Participants were divided into a high cognitive reserve group (n=46) or low cognitive reserve group (n=38) based on premorbid educational and occupational attainment. Patient's functional status was examined with the Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between groups in demographic and injury variables (sex, age, severity of injury, post-traumatic amnesia duration, and time since injury). The analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the 2 groups on the PCRS: The high cognitive reserve group scored better than the low cognitive reserve group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that cognitive reserve may mediate recovery after a moderate or severe TBI. Educational and occupational attainments provide a cognitive provision that would be associated with better functional status after injury.
authors.affiliation: Institut Universitari de Neurorrehabilitació Guttmann, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, España. agarciam@guttmann.com
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Molina
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Enseñat-Cantallops
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Carrión
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tormos
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roig-Rovira
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000328:Adult; D000647:Amnesia / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016743:Mental Competency; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D020127:Recovery of Function; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D055815:Young Adult