title: Risk factors for septic shock after mini-percutaneous nephrolithotripsy with holmium laser.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the risk factors for septic shock after mini-percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (MPCNL) and provide a theoretic basis for the prevention of septic shock after MPCNL.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 834 patients who underwent MPCNL from June 2004 to April 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The χ(2) test and a logistic regression were used to identify key risk factors for septic shock after MPCNL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of septic shock after MPCNL was 2.40%. Logistic regression analysis identified female sex (odds ratio, 1.055E8; P <.001) and diabetes mellitus (odds ratio, 4.192; P = .001) as independent risk factors for post-MPCNL septic shock.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female sex and diabetes mellitus are the key risk factors for septic shock after MPCNL. Routine administration of antibiotics preoperatively might reduce the incidence of septic shock.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chunlai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yili
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017602:Lithotripsy, Laser / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011512:Proteus Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control