title: Ccr2-64i and Ccr5 Δ32 Polymorphisms in Patients with Late-Onset Alzheimer's disease; A Study from Iran (Ccr2-64i And Ccr5 Δ32 Polymorphisms in Alzheimer's disease).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disease with multifactorial etiology. Inflammation has been proven to have an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Both CCR2 and CCR5 genes expression increase in AD patients comparing to control subjects. CCR5 gene encodes a protein which is a member of the beta chemokine receptors family of integral membrane proteins. CCR5-Δ32 is a genetic variant of CCR5 and is characterized by the presence of a 32-bp deletion in the coding region of the gene, which leads to the expression of a nonfunctional receptor, and the CCR2-64I has a change of valine to isoleucine at codon 64, in the first transmembrane domain. It has been proved that both genes have important roles in different stages of inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The frequencies of CCR5∆32 and CCR2-64I variations were determined in 156 AD patients and 161 control subjects using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods, and the results were compared among AD and healthy controls. Results :Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the distributions of CCR5∆32 and CCR2-64I between the AD patients and healthy controls (P> 0.05). Stratifying the samples by gender, genetic background and presence of ApoEε4 allele showed no significant effect on the distributions of CCR5∆32 and CCR2-64I (P> 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study did not show an association between CCR5∆32 and CCR2-64I variations and AD in the Iranian population. Further confirmatory studies with bigger number of samples are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Genetics Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Khorram Khorshid
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manoochehri
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nasehi
authors.forename: Mina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohadi
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahgozar
authors.forename: Koorosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamali
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; CCR2; CCR5; Genetic Association study; Inflammation; Iranian population