title: Gut hormone release and appetite regulation in healthy non-obese participants following oligofructose intake. A dose-escalation study.
abstract: Prevention of weight gain in adults is a major public health target. Animal experiments have consistently demonstrated a relationship between fermentable carbohydrate intake, such as oligofructose, anorectic gut hormones, and appetite suppression and body weight control. This study was designed to determine the dose of oligofructose which would augment the release of anorectic gut hormones and reduce appetite consistently in non-obese humans. Twelve non-obese participants were recruited for a 5-week dose-escalation study. Following a 9-14-day run-in, participants increased their daily oligofructose intake every week from 15, 25, 35, 45, to 55 g daily. Subjective appetite and side effects were monitored daily. Three-day food diaries were completed every week. Appetite study sessions explored the acute effects of 0, 15, 35, and 55 g oligofructose on appetite-related hormones, glycaemia, subjective appetite, and energy intake. In the home environment, oligofructose suppressed hunger, but did not affect energy intake. Oligofructose dose-dependently increased peptide YY, decreased pancreatic polypeptide and tended to decrease ghrelin, but did not significantly affect appetite profile, energy intake, glucose, insulin, or glucagon-like peptide 1 concentrations during appetite study sessions. In conclusion, oligofructose supplementation at ≥ 35 g/day increased peptide YY and suppressed pancreatic polypeptide and hunger; however, energy intake did not change significantly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Solenne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lefevre
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Mohammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ghatei
authors.forename: Linda M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Frost
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D015930:Diet Records; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012016:Reference Values; D006113:United Kingdom; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D009844:Oligosaccharides; C120489:oligofructose