title: Simple and robust strategy for potentiometric detection of glucose using fluorinated phenylboronic acid self-assembled monolayer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Field effect transistor (FET) based signal-transduction (Bio-FET) is an emerging technique for label-free and real-time basis biosensors for a wide range of targets. Glucose has constantly been of interest due to its clinical relevance. Use of glucose oxidase (GOD) and a lectin protein Concanavalin A are two common strategies to generate glucose-dependent electrochemical events. However, these protein-based materials are intolerant of long-term usage and storage due to their inevitable denaturing.
  
  
  METHODS
  A phenylboronic acid (PBA) modified self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on a gold electrode with an optimized disassociation constant of PBA, that is, 3-fluoro-4-carbamoyl-PBA possessing its pKa of 7.1, was prepared and utilized as an extended gate electrode for Bio-FET.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prepared electrode showed a glucose-dependent change in the surface potential under physiological conditions, thus providing a remarkably simple rationale for the glyco-sensitive Bio-FET. Importantly, the PBA modified electrode showed tolerance to relatively severe heat and drying treatments; conditions under which protein based materials would surely be denatured.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A PBA modified SAM with optimized disassociation constant (pKa) can exhibit a glucose-dependent change in the surface potential under physiological conditions, providing a remarkably simple but robust method for the glyco-sensing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This protein-free, totally synthetic glyco-sensing strategy may offer cheap, robust and easily accessible platform that may be useful in developing countries. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Organic Bioelectronics-Novel Applications in Biomedicine.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyahara
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D004566:Electrodes; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D054879:Halogenation; D011199:Potentiometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D014173:Transistors, Electronic
chemical_list: D001897:Boronic Acids; D006046:Gold; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose; C010686:benzeneboronic acid