title: Pharmacogenetics of resistance to Cisplatin and other anticancer drugs and the role of sphingolipid metabolism.
abstract: Dictyostelium discoideum has proven to be a useful lead genetic system for identifying novel genes and pathways responsible for the regulation of sensitivity to the widely used anticancer drug cisplatin. Resistance to cisplatin is a major factor limiting the efficacy of the drug in treating many types of cancer. Studies using unbiased insertional mutagenesis in D. discoideum have identified the pathway of sphingolipid metabolism as a key regulator in controlling sensitivity to cisplatin. Using the genetic tools including directed homologous recombination and ectopic gene expression available with D. discoideum has shown how pharmacological modulation of this pathway can increase sensitivity to cisplatin, and these results have been extensively translated to, and validated in, human cells. Strategies, experimental conditions, and methods are presented to enable further study of resistance to cisplatin as well as other important drugs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA. alexanderst@missouri.edu
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Swatson
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alexander
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003470:Culture Media; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor / Q000379:methods*; D017125:Genes, Protozoan; D006801:Humans; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D016296:Mutagenesis; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D013107:Sphingolipids / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D013107:Sphingolipids; D002945:Cisplatin