title: The role of human leukocyte antigen tissue groups in hepatitis B virus vaccination in Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Between 5% and 10% of the vaccinated population responds less well to standard vaccination schedules irrespective of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. This manuscript aims at describing possible correlation of different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class-I and MHC Class-II haplotype to anti-HBV humoral responsiveness following HBV vaccination.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on 944 vaccinated hospital staff members and concentrated on the 38 nonresponders as defined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results. In order to define significance of the different haplotypes from the nonresponders, their frequency was compared to the frequency of the same haplotype in 18 randomly selected responders. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A and HLA-B antigens were typed among total mononuclear cells using a standard two-stage microlymphocytotoxicity test. The typing method of HLA Class-II is based on a technique that involves amplification of the second exon of different HLA Class-II genes by PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive correlations were found between four HLA-DR (HLA-DRB1*04X, DRB1*0401X, DRB1*11/13, and DRB1*0401X0201) haplotypes and nonresponders but there was a negative correlation with one Class-I (HLA-B13).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggested that certain HLA types are associated with nonresponsiveness to vaccination. The different HLA of ethnic groups should also be kept in mind when evaluating the response to hepatitis vaccination. The different HLA gene frequencies of ethnic groups should be examined in further large-scale population-based studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and School of Medicine, 06018 Etlik, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gurkan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mert
authors.affiliation: Medical Park Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sengul
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and School of Medicine, 06018 Etlik, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hanefi Cem
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Gul
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and School of Medicine, 06018 Etlik, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: akarakas@gata.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karakas
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and School of Medicine, 06018 Etlik, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Can Polat
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Eyigun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014421:Turkey; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines
keywords: HLA-DR; Hepatitis B vaccines; Human leukocyte antigen; Nonresponse