title: Structural characterization of pharmaceutical heparins prepared from different animal tissues.
abstract: Although most pharmaceutical heparin used today is obtained from porcine intestine, heparin has historically been prepared from bovine lung and ovine intestine. There is some regulatory concern about establishing the species origin of heparin. This concern began with the outbreak of mad cow disease in the 1990s and was exacerbated during the heparin shortage in the 2000s and the heparin contamination crisis of 2007-2008. Three heparins from porcine, ovine, and bovine were characterized through state-of-the-art carbohydrate analysis methods with a view profiling their physicochemical properties. Differences in molecular weight, monosaccharide and disaccharide composition, oligosaccharide sequence, and antithrombin III-binding affinity were observed. These data provide some insight into the variability of heparins obtained from these three species and suggest some analytical approaches that may be useful in confirming the species origin of a heparin active pharmaceutical ingredient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Guoyun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.forename: Lingyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Peilong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Fuming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Linhardt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000378:metabolism; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000032:analysis*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012756:Sheep; D013045:Species Specificity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D000990:Antithrombin III; D006493:Heparin