title: Gastric emptying of solids and its relationship with microalbuminuria in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aims of the present study were to determine the frequency of delayed gastric emptying in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to investigate the relationship between gastric emptying rate and other contributing factors (e.g. serum HbA1c, duration of diabetes and microalbuminuria) in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a clinical trial evaluating the rate of gastric emptying of solid meals in 33 children and adolescents with T1DM and in 26 healthy peers using a radionuclide method. Three consecutive overnight urine collections were used to calculate the albumin excretion rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in the gastric half-emptying time (GE t½ ) between patients and controls (151.7 ± 154.5 vs 109.8 ± 60.5 min, respectively; P=0.885) or the frequency of delayed gastric emptying (36.4% vs 30.8%, respectively; P=0.433). There was a moderately positive correlation between GE t½ and the duration of diabetes (r=0.380; P=0.029). There was no correlation between GE t½ and microalbumin levels in T1DM patients. In these patients, the body mass index standard deviation scores were significantly lower than in patients with normal gastric emptying (-0.13 ± 0.87 vs 0.7 ± 1.23, respectively; P=0.044).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Progression of delayed gastric emptying is more likely to be related to a longer duration of diabetes than glycemic control in children and adolescents with T1DM. Patients with delayed gastric emptying are thinner compared with patients with a normal rate of gastric emptying; they may also be asymptomatic.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey. betul_e@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Betul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ersoy
authors.forename: Elvan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sayit
authors.forename: Sule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Can
authors.forename: Vildan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Urk
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Batok
authors.forename: Muzaffer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Polat
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin
keywords: autonomic neuropathy; gastric emptying; microalbuminuria; type1 diabetes mellitus; 自主神经病变，胃排空，微量白蛋白尿，1型糖尿病