title: Larvicidal activities and chemical composition of essential oils from Piper klotzschianum (Kunth) C. DC. (Piperaceae).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Volatile oils from fresh roots, stems, leaves and seeds of Piper klotzschianum (Piperaceae) were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. In total, 25 components, representing more than 95% of the examined oils, were identified. The essential oils were evaluated against Artemia salina Leach nauplii and fourth-instar Aedes aegypti larvae.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The major chemical constituents that were identified from various parts of this plant were 1-butyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene and 2,4,5-trimethoxy-1-propenylbenzene in the root, 1-butyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene in the stems and leaves and 1-butyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene, limonene and α-phellandrene in the seeds. The biological activities of these essential oils generally exhibited high toxicity against A. salina, with LC50 values that ranged from 7.06 to 15.43 µg mL(-1), and significant larvicidal activity against fourth-instar A. aegypti larvae was observed in the essential oils from the seeds (LC50 of 13.27 µg mL(-1)) and roots (LC50 of 10.0 µg mL(-1)) of the plant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates that both essential oil of P. klotzsdhianum and the isolate 1-butyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene are potential resources for A. aegypti larva control. This is the first report of the biological activities of the oil and isolated compound.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química e Exatas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié-BA, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jeferson C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: do Nascimento
authors.forename: Jorge M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Luiz C A
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Vanderlucia F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Demuner
authors.forename: Juceni P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Lucia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Conserva
authors.forename: Jésu C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Elsie F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Guimarães
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D007300:Insect Control; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031701:Piper / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils
keywords: Aedes aegypti; Piper klotzschianum; Piperaceae; cytotoxic activities; larvicidal activity