title: Metalloproteinases-2 and -9 predict left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of serum metalloproteinases (MMP) after myocardial infarction (MI) is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of serum MMP-2 and -9 as predictors of ventricular remodeling six months after anterior MI.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively enrolled patients after their first anterior MI. MMP activity was assayed 12 to 72 hours after the MI. An echocardiogram was performed during the hospitalization and six months later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 29 patients; 62% exhibited ventricular remodeling. The patients who exhibited remodeling had higher infarct size based on creatine phosphokinase (CPK) peak values (p = 0.037), higher prevalence of in-hospital congestive heart failure (p = 0.004), and decreased ejection fraction (EF) (p = 0.007). The patients with ventricular remodeling had significantly lower serum levels of inactive MMP-9 (p = 0.007) and significantly higher levels of the active form of MMP-2 (p = 0.011). In a multivariate logistic regression model, adjusted by age, CPK peak, EF and prevalence of heart failure, MMP-2 and -9 serum levels remained associated with remodeling (p = 0.033 and 0.044, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher serum levels of inactive MMP-9 were associated with the preservation of left ventricular volumes, and higher serum levels of the active form of MMP-2 were a predictor of remodeling 6 months after MI.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Lucia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cogni
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Farah
authors.forename: Marcos F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Minicucci
authors.forename: Paula S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.forename: Katashi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okoshi
authors.forename: Beatriz B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Silméia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zanati
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haggeman
authors.forename: Sergio A R
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.forename: Leonardo A M
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Zornoff
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011379:Prognosis; D014463:Ultrasonography; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9