title: Bone marrow-derived clonal mesenchymal stem cells as a source of cell therapy for promoting vocal fold wound healing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether mouse bone marrow-derived clonal mesenchymal stem cells (BM-cMSCs) could promote vocal fold (VF) wound healing by using a xenograft animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Homogeneous BM-cMSCs isolated by a subfractionation culturing method from the bone marrow aspirates of green fluorescent protein transgenic mice were injected into the VFs of rabbits immediately after direct mechanical injury. Macroscopic, biomechanical (rheometric), histologic, immunohistochemical, and transcriptional evaluations were performed on the scarred VFs 1 to 3 months after injury. Engraftment of the implanted BM-cMSCs was determined by detection of green fluorescent protein cells in the recipient VF by confocal microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The BM-cMSC-treated VFs showed improved morphological properties and viscoelasticity as compared to control VFs injected with phosphate-buffered saline solution. Histologic and immunohistochemical evaluations showed less excessive collagen deposition and increased density of glycosaminoglycans in the BM-cMSC-treated VFs as compared to the control VFs at 3 months after injury (p = 0.003 and p = 0.037, respectively). BM-cMSC transplantation led to a significant attenuation of fibronectin (p = 0.036) and transforming growth factor beta1 (p = 0.042) messenger RNA expression at 1 month after injury. Green fluorescent protein-expressing BM-cMSCs engrafted in recipient VFs were found at 1 month after implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BM-cMSCs appeared to survive in the injured xenogeneic VFs after transplantation for up to 1 month and favorably enhanced the wound healing of VFs after injury. We conclude that BM-cMSCs are a possible source of cell therapy for vocal fold regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Clinical Research Center,Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Mo
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tacghee
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Jeong-Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Songyi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yun Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Chul-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sun U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jae-Yol
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011817:Rabbits; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014945:Wound Healing; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*