title: Hemocompatibility evaluation of different silver nanoparticle concentrations employing a modified Chandler-loop in vitro assay on human blood.
abstract: Due to their antibacterial effects, the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a great variety of medical applications like coatings of medical devices has increased markedly in the last few years. However, blood in contact with AgNPs may induce adverse effects, thereby altering hemostatic functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the hemocompatibility of AgNPs in whole blood. Human whole blood (n=6) was treated with different AgNPs concentrations (1, 3 and 30mgl(-1)) or with saline/blank solutions as controls before being circulated in an in vitro Chandler-loop model for 60min at 37°C. Before and after circulation, various hematologic markers were investigated. Based on the hematologic parameters measured, no profound changes were observed in the groups treated with AgNP concentrations of 1 or 3mgl(-1). AgNP concentrations of 30mgl(-1) induced hemolysis of erythrocytes and α-granule secretion in platelets, increased CD11b expression on granulocytes, increased coagulation markers thrombin-antithrombin-III complex, kallikrein-like and FXIIa-like activities as well as complementing cascade activation. Overall, we provide for the first time a comprehensive evaluation including all hematologic parameters required to reliably assess the hemocompatibility of AgNPs. We strongly recommend integrating these hemocompatibility tests to preclinical test procedures prior to in vivo application of new AgNP-based therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krajewski
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prucek
authors.forename: Ales
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panacek
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Avci-Adali
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nolte
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Straub
authors.forename: Radek
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zboril
authors.forename: Hans P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Wendel
authors.forename: Libor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kvitek
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001790:Blood Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012834:Silver