title: Individualized therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer.
abstract: Systemic therapeutic efficacy is central to determining the outcome of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In these patients, there is a critical need for predictive biomarkers to optimize efficacy whilst minimizing toxicity. The integration of a new generation of molecularly targeted drugs into the treatment of CRC, coupled with the development of sophisticated technologies for individual tumours as well as patient molecular profiling, underlines the potential for personalized medicine. In this review, we focus on the latest progress made within the genomic and proteomic fields, concerning predictive biomarkers for individualized therapy in metastatic CRC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Oncology 2, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silvestri
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huijbers
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pellicani
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Parasido
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pierobon
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Petricoin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liotta
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belluco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000379:methods; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins