title: Altered regional homogeneity in pediatric bipolar disorder during manic state: a resting-state fMRI study.
abstract: Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a severely debilitating illness, which is characterized by episodes of mania and depression separated by periods of remission. Previous fMRI studies investigating PBD were mainly task-related. However, little is known about the abnormalities in PBD, especially during resting state. Resting state brain activity measured by fMRI might help to explore neurobiological biomarkers of the disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was examined with resting-state fMRI (RS-fMRI) on 15 patients with PBD in manic state, with 15 age-and sex-matched healthy youth subjects as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the healthy controls, the patients with PBD showed altered ReHo in the cortical and subcortical structures. The ReHo measurement of the PBD group was negatively correlated with the score of Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) in the superior frontal gyrus. Positive correlations between the ReHo measurement and the score of YMRS were found in the hippocampus and the anterior cingulate cortex in the PBD group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Altered regional brain activity is present in patients with PBD during manic state. This study presents new evidence for abnormal ventral-affective and dorsal-cognitive circuits in PBD during resting state and may add fresh insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PBD.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Mental Health Institute of The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Dali
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Weijia
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Linyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology