title: [Hospital surveillance during major outbreaks of community-acquired diseases. Pandemic Influenza Hospital Surveillance (PIKS) 2009/2010 and Surveillance of Bloody Diarrhea (SBD) 2011].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  During the influenza pandemic 2009/2010 and the outbreak of entero-haemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)/hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) 2011, the statutory reporting system in Germany was complemented by additional event-related surveillance systems in hospitals. The Pandemic Influenza Hospital Surveillance (PIKS) and the Surveillance of Bloody Diarrhea (SBD) were evaluated, to make experiences available for similar future situations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The description and evaluation of our surveillance systems is based on the "Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems" published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2001.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PIKS and SBD could be implemented quickly and were able to capture resilient data in a timely manner both on the severity and course of the influenza pandemic 2009/2010 and the outbreak of EHEC and HUS 2011. Although lacking in representativeness, sensitive and useful data were generated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In large outbreaks of severe diseases, the establishment of specific hospital surveillance should be considered as early as possible. In Germany, the participating hospitals were able to rapidly implement the required measures.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Infektionsepidemiologie, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany. GreutelaersB@rki.de
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Greutélaers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wadl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nachtnebel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rieck
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Adlhoch
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eckmanns
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benzler
mesh_terms: D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D018563:Disease Notification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004403:Dysentery / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D054324:Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli; D005858:Germany; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006751:Hospital Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D020407:Internet; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D012985:Software Design; D014481:United States