title: Evaluation of the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of the dominant maize hybrids grown in North and Northeast China.
abstract: Breeding high-yielding and nutrient-efficient cultivars is one strategy to simultaneously resolve the problems of food security, resource shortage, and environmental pollution. However, the potential increased yield and reduction in fertilizer input achievable by using high-yielding and nutrient-efficient cultivars is unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of 40 commercial maize hybrids at five locations in North and Northeast China in 2008 and 2009. The effect of interaction between genotype and nitrogen (N) input on maize yield was significant when the yield reduction under low-N treatment was 25%-60%. Based on the average yields achieved with high or low N application, the tested cultivars were classified into four types based on their NUE: efficient-efficient (EE) were efficient under both low and high N inputs, high-N efficient (HNE) under only high N input, low-N efficient (LNE) under only low N input, and nonefficient-nonefficient under neither low nor high N inputs. Under high N application, EE and HNE cultivars could potentially increase maize yield by 8%-10% and reduce N input by 16%-21%. Under low N application, LNE cultivars could potentially increase maize yield by 12%. We concluded that breeding for N-efficient cultivars is a feasible strategy to increase maize yield and/or reduce N input.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Fanjun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zenguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Youliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Liangliang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Lixing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.forename: Fusuo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D018533:Biomass; D001947:Breeding / Q000379:methods; D002681:China; D017753:Ecosystem; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005308:Fertilizers; D005843:Geography; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011891:Rain; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D013045:Species Specificity; D003313:Zea mays / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D012987:Soil; D009584:Nitrogen