title: Effect of solvent evaporation strategies on regional bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives to root canal dentine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of different solvent evaporation strategies on bonding of one-step self-etch adhesives to root canal dentine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two dual-cure resin core systems (Clearfil DC Bond/Clearfil DC Core Automix and Clearfil Tri-S Bond Plus/Clearfil DC Core Plus; Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan) were equally applied in 24 post spaces from extracted human mandibular premolars. After the adhesive application, specimens were randomly assigned into four water/solvent evaporation strategies as follows (I) insertion of absorbent paper point for 10 s: P, (II) 10 s air-blowing: A, (III) as (II) followed by insertion of absorbent paper point: AP, (IV) as (III) followed by 10 s additional air-blowing: APA. Then, the adhesives were light cured, and resin core materials were placed into the post space, followed by light curing for 60 s. After water storage for 24 h, 0.6 × 0.6 mm-thick beams were prepared to measure the regional μTBS. The mode of failure was also observed. The μTBS values were statistically analysed using three-way anova and Duncan HSD test (α = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the coronal region, there were no significant differences in μTBS between each evaporation strategy (P > 0.05), except P group. However, in the apical region, APA and AP groups significantly increased in μTBS compared with A and P groups (P < 0.05). Only in the APA group of Clearfil Tri-S Bond Plus/Clearfil DC Core Plus, was there no significant difference in μTBS between the coronal and apical regions (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of paper points with additional air-blowing for removing excessive adhesive and evaporating residual water/solvent would be effective in producing higher bond strength for the tested one-step self-etch adhesives and fewer blister formations in deeper regions of the post space.
authors.affiliation: Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Global Center Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thitthaweerat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Foxton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tagami
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003738:Dental Cements; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity; D003804:Dentin; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements; D012997:Solvents
keywords: bonding; micro-tensile bond strength; one-step self-etch adhesive; root canal dentine; solvent evaporation