title: Bushmeat hunting changes regeneration of African rainforests.
abstract: To assess ecological consequences of bushmeat hunting in African lowland rainforests, we compared paired sites, with high and low hunting pressure, in three areas of southeastern Nigeria. In hunted sites, populations of important seed dispersers-both small and large primates (including the Cross River gorilla, Gorilla gorilla diehli)-were drastically reduced. Large rodents were more abundant in hunted sites, even though they are hunted. Hunted and protected sites had similar mature tree communities dominated by primate-dispersed species. In protected sites, seedling communities were similar in composition to the mature trees, but in hunted sites species with other dispersal modes dominated among seedlings. Seedlings emerging 1 year after clearing of all vegetation in experimental plots showed a similar pattern to the standing seedlings. This study thus verifies the transforming effects of bushmeat hunting on plant communities of tropical forests and is one of the first studies to do so for the African continent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Biodiversity unit, Lund University, Ecology Building, Lund 22362, Sweden.
authors.forename: Edu O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Effiom
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nuñez-Iturri
authors.forename: Henrik G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ottosson
authors.forename: Ola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Olsson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D017753:Ecosystem; D020387:Food Chain; D006802:Human Activities; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals / Q000502:physiology; D009549:Nigeria; D011156:Population Density; D011323:Primates / Q000502:physiology*; D058614:Seed Dispersal; D036226:Seedlings / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D014197:Trees / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D014329:Tropical Climate