title: Preparation of laminated poly(ε-caprolactone)-gelatin-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold bioengineered via compound techniques for bone substitution.
abstract: In this research, new bioactive nanocomposite scaffolds were successfully developed using poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), cross-linked gelatin and nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (HAp) after testing different solvents and methods. First, HAp powder was synthesized via a chemical precipitation technique and characterized. Then, the nanocomposites were prepared through layer solvent casting combined with freeze-drying and lamination techniques. According to the results, the increasing of the PCL weight in the scaffolds led to the improvement of the mechanical properties. The amount of ultimate stress, stiffness and also elastic modulus increased from 8 MPa for 0% wt PCL to 23.5 MPa for 50% wt PCL. The biomineralization study revealed the formation of an apatite layer on the scaffolds after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). The Ca-P ratios were in accordance to nonstoichiometric biological apatite, which was approximately 1.67. The in vitro biocompatibility and cytocompatibility of the scaffolds were tested using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the results indicated no sign of toxicity, and cells were found to be attached to the scaffold walls. The in vivo biocompatibility and osteogenesis of these scaffolds in the animal experiments is also under investigation, and the result will be published at the end of the study.
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering (Center of Excellence), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Azhang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamlekhan
authors.forename: Fathollah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moztarzadeh
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mozafari
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azami
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nezafati
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites; D001826:Body Fluids; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011208:Powders; D011312:Pressure; D011817:Rabbits; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011091:Polyesters; D011208:Powders; D012997:Solvents; C016240:polycaprolactone; D005780:Gelatin; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: bone substitution; gelatin; hydroxyapatite; mesenchymal stem cells; poly(ε-caprolactone); scaffold