title: Simultaneous sinus augmentation with implant placement: histomorphometric comparison of two different grafting materials. A multicenter double-blind prospective randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sinus elevation via the lateral approach for implant rehabilitation of atrophic posterior maxillae is considered a safe and predictable therapy. Several xenogeneic biomaterials of different biologic origin have been used as valid and predictable alternatives to autogenous bone. This multicenter randomized controlled double-blind prospective clinical trial aimed to compare histomorphometrically two xenogeneic grafting materials used for sinus elevation with simultaneous implant placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven private practices in Italy were involved. Patients presenting at least one site with a residual bone crest height between 2 and 4 mm were treated. Control sites were grafted with 100% deproteinated particulated bovine bone (DPBB), while test sites were grafted with prehydrated corticocancellous porcine bone (PCPB). Root-form implants were placed simultaneously. Insertion torque and clinical stability were assessed and recorded. At 6 months, a biopsy specimen was harvested from each site, and histomorphometric analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-seven patients received 42 sinus elevations (24 test and 18 control). Eighty-two implants with adequate primary stability were placed. Fifty-five implants were placed in residual bone crests greater than 2 mm but less than 4 mm (average 2.7 mm) and achieved an average insertion torque of 22.8 ± 11.3 N/cm. Nineteen implants were placed in ridges greater than 3 mm but less than 5 mm, and eight were placed in ridges with more than 5 mm remaining. After 6 months, three implants had failed to integrate, leading to a survival rate of 96.34%. Forty-two specimens were analyzed histomorphometrically. No significant differences in total bone volume (PCPB 37.43%, DPBB 37.52%) or residual grafting material (PCPB 13.55%, DPBB 16.44%) were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, PCPB compared well with DPBB as a grafting material for lateral sinus elevation.
authors.affiliation: maurizio@studiosilvestri-pv.it
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silvestri
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martegani
authors.forename: Ferdinando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: D'Avenia
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farneti
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Capri
authors.forename: Guerino
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paolantoni
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Landi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants