title: Use of panitumumab-IRDye800 to image cutaneous head and neck cancer in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of panitumumab in real-time fluorescent imaging and histologic processing of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (IRDye800CW) was covalently linked to a monoclonal antibody-targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (panitumumab) or nonspecific IgG and injected into mice bearing flank xenografts from a cSCC cell line (SCC-13 or SRB-12; n = 7), human split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs; n = 3), or a human tumor explant (n = 1). The tumor and lymph nodes were imaged and dissected using fluorescence guidance with the SPY imaging system and verified with a charge-coupled NIR system. An NIR scanning device (Odyssey) was used to measure fluorescence intensity in histological sections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunodeficient mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo and in vitro imaging lab.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor tissue could be delineated from the human STSG with tumor-to-background ratios of 4.5 (Pearl) and 3.4 (SPY). Tumor detection was substantially improved with panitumumab-IRDye800 compared with IgG-IRDye800. Biopsies positive for fluorescence were assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry (n = 18/18) to confirm the presence of tumor, yielding a 100% sensitivity. Biopsies of nonfluorescent tissue negative for malignancy (n = 18/18) yielded a specificity of 100%. Furthermore, the SPY system was able to detect residual disease as small as 200 µm in diameter. In addition, the Odyssey confirmed fluorescence of microscopic disease (in tumor samples of frozen and paraffin-embedded histologic specimens) but not in adjacent noncancerous tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest panitumumab-IRDye800 may have clinical utility in detection and removal of subclinical cSCC using Food and Drug Administration-approved imaging hardware.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0012, USA.
authors.forename: C Hope
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.forename: Nicholas L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Deep
authors.forename: Lauren N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Kristine E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sweeny
authors.forename: Kurt R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Zinn
authors.forename: Conway C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Eben L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007211:Indoles; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D000077544:Panitumumab; D011897:Random Allocation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C427728:IRDye800; D007211:Indoles; D000077544:Panitumumab
keywords: cutaneous cancer; head and neck carcinoma; optical imaging; panitumumab