title: Simultaneous quantification of flavonol glycosides, terpene lactones, biflavones, proanthocyanidins, and ginkgolic acids in Ginkgo biloba leaves from fruit cultivars by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.
abstract: On the basis of liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry working in multiple reaction monitoring mode, an analytical method has been established to simultaneously determine flavonol glycosides, terpene lactones, biflavones, proanthocyanidins, and ginkgolic acids in Ginkgo biloba leaves. Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Acquity BEH C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7  μ m) with gradient elution of acetonitrile and 0.10% formic acid (v/v) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, and column temperature 30°C. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, stability, and sensitivity. The optimized method was successfully applied to analyze twenty-two G. biloba leaf samples of fruit cultivars collected from different places in China. Furthermore, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) was performed to evaluate and classify the samples according to the contents of the twenty-four chemical constituents. All of the results demonstrated that the developed method was useful for the overall evaluation of the quality of G. biloba leaves, and this study was also helpful for the comprehensive utilization and development of G. biloba resources.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology of TCM Formulae Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Gui-Sheng
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yu-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Ye-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Han-Liang
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Hanqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Shaoqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Shu-Lan
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Da-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Jin-Ao
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D044948:Flavonols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D020441:Ginkgo biloba / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012459:Salicylates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D044948:Flavonols; D007783:Lactones; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D012459:Salicylates; D013729:Terpenes; C112485:ginkgolic acid