title: Surveying the moral landscape: moral motives and group-based moralities.
abstract: We present a new six-cell Model of Moral Motives that applies a fundamental motivational distinction in psychology to the moral domain. In addition to moral motives focused on the self or another, we propose two group-based moralities, both communal in orientation, but reflecting distinct moral motives (Social Order/Communal Solidarity vs. Social Justice/Communal Responsibility) as well as differences in construals of group entitativity. The two group-based moralities have implications for intragroup homogeneity as well as intergroup conflict. Our model challenges the conclusions of Haidt and colleagues that only conservatives (not liberals) are group oriented and embrace a binding morality. We explore the implications of this new model for politics in particular and for the self-regulation versus social regulation of morality more generally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. janbul@psych.umass.edu
authors.forename: Ronnie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Janoff-Bulman
authors.forename: Nate C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Carnes
mesh_terms: D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009014:Morals; D009042:Motivation; D011057:Politics; D012935:Social Justice / Q000523:psychology*; D012941:Social Responsibility
keywords: morality; motivation; politics; social justice; social order