title: Reanalysis of refractive growth in pediatric pseudophakia and aphakia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The current model of refractive growth in children (RRG2) is calculated as the slope of aphakic refraction at the spectacle plane versus the logarithm of adjusted age. However, this model fails in infants because of the optical effect of vertex distance of a spectacle lens on the effective power at the cornea. In this study, we developed a new model of refractive growth (RRG3) that eliminates the optical effect of vertex distance on the RRG2 model.
  
  
  METHODS
  We calculated RRG3 values for pseudophakic and aphakic eyes previously analyzed for RRG2. Inclusion criteria were age ≤10 years at the time of cataract surgery and follow-up time between measured refractions of at least 3.6 years and at least the age at first refraction plus 0.6 years. For both pseudophakic and aphakic eyes, we compared RRG3 values in children who had cataract surgery before age 6 months with those in children aged 6 months or older.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 78 pseudophakic and 70 aphakic eyes met the inclusion criteria. Ages at surgery ranged from 0.25 to 9 years, with a 9.5-year mean follow-up time. The mean RRG3 value was not significantly different between the surgical age groups for both pseudophakic eyes (P = 0.053) and aphakic eyes (P = 0.59).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The RRG3 values were not significantly different between the surgical age groups for both pseudophakic and aphakic eyes. Consequently, RRG3 is theoretically applicable even in the small eyes of infants having surgery before 6 months of age.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California, USA. susan.whitmer@med.navy.mil
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Whitmer
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McClatchey
mesh_terms: D001035:Aphakia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology