title: Flying tryps: survival and maturation of trypanosomes in tsetse flies.
abstract: Survival in and colonization of the tsetse fly midgut are essential steps in the transmission of many species of African trypanosomes. In the fly, bloodstream trypanosomes transform into the procyclic stage within the gut lumen and later migrate to the ectoperitrophic space, where they multiply, establishing an infection. Progression of the parasite infection in the fly depends on factors inherent to the biology of trypanosomes, tsetse, and the bloodmeal. Flies usually eradicate infection early on with both pre-existing and inducible factors. Parasites, in contrast, respond to these stimuli by undergoing developmental changes, allowing a few to both survive and migrate within the tsetse. Here we discuss parasite and fly factors determining trypanosome colonization of the tsetse, focusing mainly on the midgut.
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK. ndyer@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: Naomi A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: Clair
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Nicholas O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Ejeh
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Acosta-Serrano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology*; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000469:parasitology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014346:Trypanosoma brucei brucei / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D014348:Trypanosoma congolense / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology*