title: Baicalein attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats through inhibition of miR-21.
abstract: Currently, there is no satisfactory treatment for pulmonary fibrosis, and effective agents urgently need to be developed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of baicalein on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and the novel mechanisms involved in the anti-fibrosis effects. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced by a single intratracheal instillation of 5 mg/kg bleomycin. Two bleomycin-treated groups were orally administered daily with 50 and 100 mg/kg of baicalein from day 1 to 28. The results showed baicalein decreased hydroxyproline content and α-SMA levels and increased lung index. Histopathological examinations demonstrated baicalein could obviously lower the degree of alveolitis and lung fibrosis. The total antioxidant capacity in bleomycin-treated rats with baicalein was also remarkably higher than in those without baicalein. Baicalein remarkably decreased miR-21 levels and inhibited the increased expression of TGF-β1 and p-Smad-2/3 in bleomycin-treated rats. Baicalein can attenuate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The attenuation is partly achieved by improving antioxidant activity, alleviating inflammation, repressing miR-21, and inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling.
authors.affiliation: Suzhou Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, Baotou Medical College of Career Technical College, Baotou, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yafen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhenlun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Xiaogang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D044950:Flavanones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051899:Smad2 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D000975:Antioxidants; D001761:Bleomycin; D044950:Flavanones; D006909:Hydroxyproline; D035683:MicroRNAs; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C546082:mirn21 microRNA, rat; C498862:Acta2 protein, rat; C006680:baicalein
keywords: Baicalein; Bleomycin; MiR-21; Pulmonary fibrosis; TGF-β/Smad signaling