title: Involvement of the ganglion cholinergic receptors in gonadotropin-releasing hormone, catecholamines, and progesterone release in the rat ovary.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether cholinergic ganglionic stimulus modifies the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), catecholamines, and progesterone at the ovarian level.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University animal laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six to eight virgin adult Holtzman rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Superior mesenteric ganglion-ovarian nerve plexus-ovary system removed and placed in one cuvette with two compartments, with acetylcholine added to the ganglion in the experimental group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurement of ovarian liquid obtained from catecholamines by high-performance liquid chromatography; measurement of progesterone (P(4)), GnRH, and luteinizing hormone (LH) by radioimmunoassay; and measurement of gene expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study focused on the estrus and diestrus II (DII) stages. On the estrus days, the release of GnRH, NA, and 20α-HSD increased, while P(4) and 3β-HSD decreased. On the DII days, GnRH, P(4), and 3β-HSD increased, while 20α-HSD and NA decreased. The ovarian liquid with GnRH showed biologic activity, namely, an increase in LH release during the DII stage and a decrease during the estrus stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neural stimulus from the superior mesenteric ganglion influences the release of NA, adrenaline, and GnRH. We also have demonstrated that these neurotransmitters participate in the atretogenic processes of the ovary, thus providing evidence of the necessity of the sympathetic neural pathway.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Graduate Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Daneri
authors.forename: Adriana Vega
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Orozco
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bronzi
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mohn
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rastrilla
authors.forename: Zulema Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Sosa
mesh_terms: D043607:20-alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015096:3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004031:Diestrus / Q000378:metabolism; D004971:Estrus / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005728:Ganglia, Sympathetic / Q000378:metabolism*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D010053:Ovary / Q000201:enzymology / Q000294:innervation* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011374:Progesterone; D015096:3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D043607:20-alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase; D000109:Acetylcholine