title: Elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) as contributing factor in pathogenesis of hypercoagulable state in antiphospholipid syndrome.
abstract: The aim of this study is to explore the role of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in primary and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Thirty patients of APS (24 primary and 6 secondary) were recruited in the study who fulfilled the revised Sapporo criteria. Control groups comprised of age- and sex-matched 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients each of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis without any antecedent thrombotic event and/or APS-related pregnancy morbidity. Serum samples were tested for PAI-1 antigen levels measured by quantitative ELISA. Positivity rate of PAI-1 in patients of primary, secondary as well as total APS patients was significantly higher in relation to age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (p = 0.010, p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). Mean ± SEM levels of PAI-1 in primary and secondary as well as total APS patients were significantly higher (p = 0.006, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001) in relation to healthy controls. Correlation of PAI-1 levels (mean ± SEM) with clinical characteristics, that is, thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity, revealed significantly higher levels of PAI-1 (p < 0.001) in patients having thrombosis and APS-related pregnancy morbidity. Elevated PAI-1 level leading to impaired fibrinolysis plays a significant role in producing hypercoagulable state in primary and secondary APS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Dibya R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Behera
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dash
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1