title: Postexposure subunit vaccination against chronic enteric mycobacterial infection in a natural host.
abstract: The control of chronic bacterial diseases with high prevalence in areas of endemicity would strongly benefit from availability of postexposure vaccines. The development of these vaccines against mycobacterial infections, such as (para)tuberculosis, is hampered by lack of experience in natural hosts. Paratuberculosis in cattle is both a mycobacterial disease of worldwide importance and a natural host model for mycobacterial infections in general. The present study showed beneficial effects of therapeutic heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) vaccination in cattle with naturally acquired chronic infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Vaccination-induced protection was associated with antibody responses, rather than with induction of specific T helper 1 cells. Targeted therapeutic postexposure vaccination complementary to selective use of antibiotics could be an effective approach for control of chronic mycobacterial infections.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Division, Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wiebren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Santema
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rutten
authors.forename: Ruud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Segers
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poot
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hensen
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heesterbeek
authors.forename: Ad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koets
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D056990:Post-Exposure Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods; D021122:Protein Subunits; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit