title: Recent picture of infective endocarditis in Japan--lessons from Cardiac Disease Registration (CADRE-IE).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is important to manage a potentially fatal disease such as infective endocarditis (IE) based on evidence and guidelines for treatment published by academic societies. To clarify the current status of IE in Japan, we conducted a nationwide survey of IE (CArdiac Disease REgistration-Infective Endocarditis [CADRE-IE]).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We collected data on every aspect of IE using web-based survey. Only a Japanese Circulation Society-certified cardiologists who had managed a case of IE could register the patient when the outcome was known. There were 513 cases (320 men, 193 women) from 114 institutions. The median age was 61 years and more than 80% of the patients had underlying cardiac diseases. The majority was valvular heart disease, in which mitral regurgitation was a leading cause. Most of the patients had some predisposing factors, among which, decayed teeth or periodontitis was a leading factor. Streptococci were found in approximately 52% and staphylococci were found in 32% in positive-culture cases. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was found in 7.5%. Congestive heart failure was found in 43% and intracranial complications were found in 31%. Most of the patients were discharged (65%) but in-hospital death occurred in 11%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IE is still a lethal disease affecting older patients. The information obtained from the survey should be very helpful for physicians.
authors.affiliation: Division of Functional Diagnostics, Department of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan. nakatani@sahs.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakatani
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsutake
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kokubo
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Sotaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hanai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003625:Data Collection; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D012042:Registries; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D013291:Streptococcus