title: An insecticidal protein from Xenorhabdus ehlersii stimulates the innate immune response in Galleria mellonella.
abstract: The bacteria Xenorhabdus spp. are entomopathogenic symbionts that can produce several toxic proteins that interfere with the immune system of insects. Recently, we purified the insecticidal protein XeGroEL from Xenorhabdus ehlersii and discovered that injection of XeGroEL into larvae of Galleria mellonella triggers strong immune responses. In this study, we determined the level of induction of several immune-responsive proteins that were secreted into the hemolymph using comparative proteomic analyses of hemolymph proteins from XeGroEL-challenged larvae. Additionally, quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR analyses demonstrated increased transcriptional rates of immune-related genes at 5 h post-challenge with purified XeGroEL. Our results help to understand anti-microbial immune responses in G. mellonella, suggesting that the immune system recognizes exogenous proteins and pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China. shx.344@163.com
authors.forename: HuaiXing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: HongMei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: XiuFen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dewen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000276:immunology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D009036:Moths / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D040901:Proteomics; D020593:Xenorhabdus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D019476:Insect Proteins; D007306:Insecticides