title: Robotic-assisted FAMM flap for soft palate reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHOSES: TORS (Trans Oral Robotic Surgery) has been demonstrated to be an acceptable alternative to chemoradiation for the treatment of early stage malignant lesions of the oropharynx, with equivalent tumor control and enhanced functional outcomes. Surgical ablation of tumors of the oropharynx under conditions of limited access, however, creates the need to adapt the robotic platform to surgical reconstruction and to assess reconstructive outcomes. We present our experience with the Facial Artery Musculomucosal (FAMM) flap with robotic assistance for the reconstruction of defects of the soft palate.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of five patients who underwent combined robot-assisted resection of malignant lesions of the oropharynx with immediate reconstruction. The reconstructions included four ispilateral and one bilateral FAMM flaps. Patients were assessed for complications and functional results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Successful closure of the defect was achieved in all five patients. There were no major complications; however, three patients developed minor wound dehiscence and two were revised at the time of planned subsequent lymphadenectomy. All five patients achieved a good functional outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FAMM flap is reliable and easy to raise and transfer, with the surgical robot making it a good candidate for reconstruction of moderate-sized defects created by TORS applied to malignancies of the soft palate. Minor wound dehiscence is not infrequent, but reconstructive outcomes are nevertheless good. A unilateral FAMM flap will reach to the contralateral border of the uvula and is best limited to defects with a width of 2 cm or less.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Bonawitz
authors.forename: Umamaheswar
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Duvvuri
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012371:Robotics; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*