title: Carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma of upper lip showing copy number loss of tumor suppressor genes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a malignant salivary gland tumor that arises rarely in the minor salivary glands. Although the etiology of CXPA remains unclear, the role of some tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes in CXPA is documented; however, other genes still need to be studied.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  An uncommon case of CXPA involving the upper lip is presented, which was analyzed by a panel of tumor suppressor genes by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genes investigated in this study, a loss of copy number was detected for CASP8, CD44, CDH1, DAPK1, ESR1, RASSF1, and TP73. Immunohistochemical reactions for the validation of some of these results showed negativity for CD44, RASSF1, and p73.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A loss of copy number of the genes CD44, RASSF1, and TP73 may contribute to the carcinogenesis of CXPAs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil. mariano@fcm.unicamp.br
authors.forename: Fernanda Viviane
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Mariano
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rincon
authors.forename: Rogério Oliveira
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Gondak
authors.forename: Rogério
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.forename: Márcio Ajudarte
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Albina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Altemani
authors.forename: Oslei Paes
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Luiz Paulo
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kowalski
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008949:Adenoma, Pleomorphic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D012470:Salivary Glands, Minor / Q000473:pathology*