title: Brain effect of insulin and clonazepam in diabetic rats under depressive-like behavior.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects on insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. It has recently become clear that the central nervous system is not spared from the deleterious effects of diabetes, since diabetic encephalopathy was recognized as a complication of this heterogeneous metabolic disorder. There is a well recognized association between depression and diabetes, once prevalence of depression in diabetic patients is higher than in general population, and clonazepam is being used to treat this complication. Oxidative stress is widely accepted as playing a key mediatory role in the development and progression of diabetes and its complications. In this work we analyzed DNA damage by comet assay and lipid damage in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats submitted to the forced swimming test. It was verified that the diabetic group presented DNA and lipid damage in the brain areas evaluated, when compared to the control groups. Additionally, a significant reduction of the DNA and lipid damage in animals treated with insulin and/or clonazepam was observed. These data suggest that the association of these two drugs could protect against DNA and lipid damage in diabetic rats submitted to the forced swimming test, an animal model of depression.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, manowayhs@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto Yasin
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Wayhs
authors.forename: Caroline Paula
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Mescka
authors.forename: Camila Simioni
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Vanzin
authors.forename: Graziela Schmitt
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Ribas
authors.forename: Gilian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guerreiro
authors.forename: Maurício Schüler
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nin
authors.forename: Vanusa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Manfredini
authors.forename: Helena Maria Tannhauser
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Carmen Regla
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Vargas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D018757:GABA Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D018757:GABA Modulators; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002998:Clonazepam