title: IL-36 receptor antagonist with special emphasis on IL-38.
abstract: IL-36 is another family member of IL-1 and induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and activates MAPK and NFkB pathways. IL-36 is a common mediator of innate and adaptive immune response and is inhibited by IL-36 receptor antagonist (RA). IL-36RA acts on IL-36 receptor ligand which exerts proinflammatory effect in vivo and in vitro. IL-38 binds to IL-36 receptor as does IL-36RA and has similar biological effects on immune cells. IL-38 is also a member of IL-1 cytokine and shares some characteristics of IL-1RA, binding the same IL-1 receptor type I. IL-38 plays a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, exerting protective effect in some autoimmune diseases. Both IL-38 and IL-36RA have an anti-inflammatory biological effect, however in some cases have contrary effects.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shaik
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sabatino
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maccauro
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Varvara
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Murmura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saggini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosati
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cianchetti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caraffa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Antinolfi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pandolfi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Potalivo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Galzio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Theoharides
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology*; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C571243:IL-38 protein, human; D007378:Interleukins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; C571244:interleukin-36 receptor, human