title: Long course hyperbaric oxygen stimulates neurogenesis and attenuates inflammation after ischemic stroke.
abstract: Several studies have provided evidence with regard to the neuroprotection benefits of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy in cases of stroke, and HBO also promotes bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation and mobilization. This study investigates the influence of HBO therapy on the migration of BMSCs, neurogenesis, gliosis, and inflammation after stroke. Rats that sustained transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were treated with HBO three weeks or two days. The results were examined using a behavior test (modified neurological severity score, mNSS) and immunostaining to evaluate the effects of HBO therapy on migration of BMSCs, neurogenesis, and gliosis, and expression of neurotrophic factors was also evaluated. There was a lower mNSS score in the three-week HBO group when compared with the two-day HBO group. Mobilization of BMSCs to an ischemic area was more improved in long course HBO treatments, suggesting the duration of therapy is crucial for promoting the homing of BMSCs to ischemic brain by HBO therapies. HBO also can stimulate expression of trophic factors and improve neurogenesis and gliosis. These effects may help in neuronal repair after ischemic stroke, and increasing the course of HBO therapy might enhance therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chung-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chio
authors.forename: Ching-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Liang-Chao
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Po-Min
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Kuo-Chi
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Kuen-Jer
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000628:therapy*; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020521:Stroke / Q000628:therapy*