title: Infectious complications following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: new challenges in the era of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli.
abstract: Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy is currently considered the standard technique for obtaining tissue to make a histological diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma. Infectious complications following TRUS-guided prostate biopsy are well described, and are reportedly increasing in incidence. The role of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing post-TRUS biopsy infections is now established, and many guidelines suggest that fluoroquinolone antimicrobials are the prophylactic agents of choice. Of note, however, recent reports suggest an emerging association between TRUS biopsy and subsequent infection with fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli. Against this background, we provide an overview of the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of infectious complications following TRUS biopsy, in the wider context of increasing global antimicrobial resistance.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand. dwilliamson@adhb.govt.nz
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Lucinda K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: Benjamin A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Joshua T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hadway
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Paterson
mesh_terms: D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods; D001706:Biopsy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D036761:Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal
keywords: ESBL; Escherichia coli; fluoroquinolones; prostate biopsy