title: IncobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin): background, mechanism of action, and manufacturing.
abstract: IncobotulinumtoxinA is the third botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA) to be approved for aesthetic use in the United States. This article introduces the new product with an overview of clinical applications and a discussion of the neurotoxin's molecular structure. The role and clinical relevance of complexing proteins in BoNTA products are discussed. Finally, incobotulinumtoxinA's mechanism of action is described.
authors.affiliation: Private practice in New York, New York, USA. lorenc@lorenc.com
authors.forename: Z Paul
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Lorenc
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kenkel
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fagien
authors.forename: Haideh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirmand
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nestor
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Sclafani
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sykes
authors.forename: Heidi A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Waldorf
mesh_terms: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005145:Face; D006801:Humans; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012060:Rejuvenation; D014103:Torticollis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; C545476:incobotulinumtoxinA