title: Animal evidence for hyaluronic acid efficacy in knee trauma injuries. Review of animal-model studies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) could have potential interest in therapy of acute knee trauma injuries, but few results are available in humans.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We reviewed the literature for animal studies of intra-articular HA injections after knee trauma injury to determine the interest of human clinical research into and/or use of such injections for knee trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic literature search on MEDLINE for studies involving animal models of osteoarthritis created by acute knee trauma injury, with HA injections beginning during the 2 weeks after injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The search revealed 14 studies with a high methodological quality: 7 related to meniscus injury, 3 ACL injury, 1 combined ACL-meniscus injury and 3 cartilage injury. The animal models were rabbits in 10 studies. Four studies demonstrated positive effects and 3 moderate effects of intra-articular HA injection for meniscus injury; 1 positive effects and 2 no effect for ACL injury; 1 positive effects for combined ACL-meniscus injury; and 2 moderate effects and 1 no effect for cartilage injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With a high strength of recommendation, intra-articular HA injections in animal models with meniscus injury improved the healing process and/or had a protective role in articular cartilage, a slightly protective role in ACL injury animal models and low or no effect on healing in articular cartilage injury animal models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unity, University of Lyon, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France. Pascal.Edouard42@gmail.com
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Edouard
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rannou
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coudeyre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008592:Menisci, Tibial / Q000187:drug effects; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011817:Rabbits; D000070600:Tibial Meniscus Injuries; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid