title: Diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma coexisting with ocular toxoplasmosis.
abstract: A 4-year-old boy presented with unilateral endophthalmitis and echography revealed an abscess in the vitreous cavity. A pars plana vitrectomy with intravitreal antibiotic injections was performed with a presumed diagnosis of endophthalmitis; however, the patient returned after 10 days with fibrin reaction in the anterior chamber, iris nodules and cataract. The vitreous sample from the vitrectomy showed Toxoplasma gondii parasite, so he was treated with intravitreal clindamycin and lensectomy. The postoperative fundus examination revealed multifocal white patches with calcified deposits and cytology proved the diagnosis of retinoblastoma. Enucleation was performed in addition to systemic chemotherapy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of the coexistence of retinoblastoma and ocular toxoplasmosis.
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin Square, 1336616351, Tehran, Iran, fariba.ghassemi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghassemi
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghadimi
authors.forename: Fahimeh Asadi
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Amoli
authors.forename: Mohammad Riazi
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Esfahani
authors.forename: Vida
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tavakoli
authors.forename: Ghassemi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fariba
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014126:Toxoplasmosis, Ocular / Q000175:diagnosis*