title: Age, psychological skills, and golf performance: a prospective investigation.
abstract: This study explored the influence of age in understanding mental skills utilization in the context of performance at a major national golf competition. Participants, who ranged in age and in skill level, included 1150 male and 170 female amateur golfers competing in the Dupont World Amateur Golf Championship in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Measures targeted general mental skills used in competitions, golf-specific skills, and competitive trait anxiety. Hierarchical linear regression was utilized to explore the potential moderating role that chronological age may play in influencing the impact of psychological skills and anxiety on competitive tournament performance across the adult life span. Findings suggested no significant age-moderating effects and instead pointed to the importance of developing golf-specific psychological skills to enhance or maintain performance, irrespective of age. Although automaticity (performance feels "automatic") predicted performance for all golfers, commitment to the game and confidence in one's putting did so only for the men. These findings reinforce the age-irrelevant role of such skills in fostering the experience of peak performance in a competitive sport context and underscore the importance of interventions targeting older players to help maintain or facilitate the use of psychological skills in helping them manage their games.
authors.affiliation: Correspondence should be addressed to Bert Hayslip Jr., Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, Denton, TX 76203. E-mail: hayslipb@unt.edu.
authors.forename: Bert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hayslip
authors.forename: Trent A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Petrie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000523:psychology*; D003163:Competitive Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006055:Golf / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Age; Competitive anxiety; Golf; Mental skills.