title: Expression kinetics of key genes in the early innate immune response to Great Lakes viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus IVb infection in yellow perch (Perca flavescens).
abstract: The recently discovered strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV-IVb, represents an example of the introduction of an extremely pathogenic rhabdovirus capable of infecting a wide variety of new fish species in a new host-environment. The goal of the present study was to delineate the expression kinetics of key genes in the innate immune response relative to the very early stages of VHSV-IVb infection using the yellow perch (Perca flavescens) as a model. Administration of VHSV-IVb by IP-injection into juvenile yellow perch resulted in 84% cumulative mortality, indicating their high susceptibility to this disease. In fish sampled in the very early stages of infection, a significant up-regulation of Mx gene expression in the liver, as well as IL-1β and SAA activation in the head kidney, spleen, and liver was directly correlated to viral load. The potential down-regulation of Mx in the hematopoietic tissues, head kidney and spleen, may represent a strategy utilized by the virus to increase replication.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin, School of Freshwater Science, 600 East Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53204, United States.
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: Eveline
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Emmenegger
authors.forename: Jolene
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glenn
authors.forename: Crystal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simchick
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winton
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Goetz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D031941:Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007668:Kidney / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D060106:Lakes; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D029141:Novirhabdovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D010471:Perches / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D019562:Viral Load; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins