title: Vitamin D insufficiency in patients with acute hip fractures of all ages and both sexes in a sunny climate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with hip fractures of all ages who live in the southwest United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective comparative study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two level 2 trauma centers and 2 community hospitals in San Diego, CA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred forty-eight patients who sustained a hip fracture from December 2010 to December 2011 and a control group of 1091 patients who underwent elective primary total hip or knee surgery during the same time period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean 25(OH)D level for both the Hip Fracture (26.38 ng/mL) and Total Joint (29.92 ng/mL) Groups showed vitamin D insufficiency, with the Hip Fracture Group having lower levels (P < 0.05). More patients in the Hip Fracture Group were deficient or insufficient (65.8% vs. 54.0%, P < 0.05). Patients aged 71 years or older were more deficient or insufficient in the Hip Fracture Group than in the Total Joint Group (66.7% vs. 47.13%, P < 0.05). There was no difference when comparing males versus females (P > 0.05). Females in the Hip Fracture Group were more deficient or insufficient (67.3% vs. 54.3%, P < 0.05) than in the Total Joint Group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of patients aged 18 years or older of both sexes with hip fractures had vitamin D insufficiency and those aged 71 years or older had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than a control group of total joint patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prognostic level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
authors.affiliation: *Sharp Hospital Healthcare System, San Diego, CA; and †San Diego Orthopaedic Trauma Fellowship, San Diego, CA.
authors.forename: Amanda L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Joel J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Anthony G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Sanzone
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D015984:Causality; D002980:Climate; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013472:Sunlight; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D