title: Assessment of cord dorsum potentials from caudal nerves in anesthetized clinically normal adult dogs without or during neuromuscular blockade.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of measuring cord dorsum potentials (CDPs) in anesthetized clinically normal dogs after caudal nerve stimulation, determine the intervertebral site of maximum amplitude and best waveform of the CDP, and evaluate the effects of neuromuscular blockade.
  
  
  METHODS
  8 male and 4 female dogs (age, 1 to 5 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were anesthetized, and CDPs were recorded via needles placed on the dorsal lamina at intervertebral spaces L1-2 through L7-S1. Caudal nerves were stimulated with monopolar electrodes inserted laterally to the level of the caudal vertebrae. Dogs were tested without and during neuromuscular blockade induced with atracurium besylate. The CDP latency and amplitude were determined from the largest amplitude tracings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CDPs were recorded in 11 of 12 dogs without neuromuscular blockade and in all dogs during neuromuscular blockade. The CDP was largest and most isolated at the L4-5 intervertebral space (3 dogs) or the L5-6 intervertebral space (9 dogs); this site corresponded to the segment of insertion of the first caudal nerve. Onset latencies ranged from 2.0 to 4.7 milliseconds, and there was no effect of neuromuscular blockade on latencies. Amplitudes of the CDPs were highly variable for both experimental conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CDPs were recorded from all dogs tested in the study; neuromuscular blockade was not critical for successful CDP recording but reduced muscle artifact. This technique may be useful as a tool to assess the caudal nerve roots in dogs suspected of having compressive lumbosacral disease or myelopathies affecting the lumbar intumescence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
authors.forename: James O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Natasha J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Olby
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hash
authors.forename: B Duncan X
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Lascelles
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019148:Neuromuscular Blockade / Q000662:veterinary*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology