title: Cardiac lipotoxicity: molecular pathways and therapeutic implications.
abstract: Diabetes and obesity are both associated with lipotoxic cardiomyopathy exclusive of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Lipotoxicities have become a public health concern and are responsible for a significant portion of clinical cardiac disease. These abnormalities may be the result of a toxic metabolic shift to more fatty acid and less glucose oxidation with concomitant accumulation of toxic lipids. Lipids can directly alter cellular structures and activate downstream pathways leading to toxicity. Recent data have implicated fatty acids and fatty acyl coenzyme A, diacylglycerol, and ceramide in cellular lipotoxicity, which may be caused by apoptosis, defective insulin signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, activation of protein kinase C, MAPK activation, or modulation of PPARs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. kd2277@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Drosatos
authors.forename: P Christian
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Schulze
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids