title: Prevalence and related factors with the presence of albuminuria and its stages in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite the beneficial effects of intensive insulin therapy, nephropathy continues to be a major concern in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Given the scarce data on this subject in our population, we performed an observational study in order to analyse the prevalence of albuminuria and its stages in a series of patients with type 1 DM and to evaluate the related factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study that included all patients aged 18 and over, diagnosed of type 1 DM for at least 6 months, consecutively attended during 2008 at the Hospital del Mar de Barcelona and Hospital Granollers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  291 patients were analysed and 46 (20.2%) had micro- or macroalbuminuria. Albuminuric patients, compared to those without were older (42.0±12.3 years vs. 37.1±11.5 years), had longer duration of diabetes (22.5±11.5 years vs. 14.1±10.1 years), and higher body mass index (26.3±3.7kg/m2 vs. 25.2±3.4kg/m2), glycosylated haemoglobin (8.15±1.5% vs. 7.59±1.4%) and systolic blood pressure (139.7±21.7 mmHg vs. 122.2±20.3mmHg). Multivariate analysis showed an independent association of albuminuria with diabetes duration (OR 1.081, 95% CI 1.038-1.126), triglyceride levels (OR 1.011, 95% CI: 1.002-1.018), smoking habit (OR 3.279, CI 95%: 1.114-9.654) and hypertension (OR 3.495, 95% CI: 1.074-11.368).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our series, one out of five patients with type 1 DM had micro- or macroalbuminuria, and its presence is associated with diabetes duration, triglyceride concentration, smoking and hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Jchillaron@parcdesalutmar.cat
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chillarón
authors.forename: Juana A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Flores-Le-Roux
authors.forename: María P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Sales
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Puig-de-Dou
authors.forename: Ignasi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Castells
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benaiges
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pedro-Botet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors