title: New hepatectomy-induced postoperative adhesion model in rats, and evaluation of the efficacy of anti-adhesion materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Repeated hepatic resections are not uncommon during the surgical management of liver tumors. Postoperative adhesions induced by hepatectomies can have a significant negative impact on subsequent surgeries. We recently developed a new hepatectomy-induced postoperative adhesion animal model to evaluate the anti-adhesion efficacy of commercially available sheet materials (Seprafilm(®) and Interceed(®)) and the recently reported hyaluronan-based in situ cross-linkable hydrogels.
  
  
  METHODS
  The median lobe (ML) and the left lateral lobe (LLL) of the liver (approximately 70 % of the total liver) of 43 male Sprague-Dawley rats were resected based on the classical procedure; anti-adhesion materials were then applied. A relaparotomy was performed 1 week later to evaluate the adhesions and histopathological findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rats without the application of anti-adhesion materials (n = 14) showed the most severe adhesions (grade 3) between the cut surface of the liver and the small bowel or omentum. All the barrier materials produced slight anti-adhesion effects. Adhesions between the liver surface and the diaphragm and adhesions around the hepatic hilum were less severe, but were not remarkably reduced, by the anti-adhesion materials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We successfully established a new hepatectomy-induced animal adhesion model, which may be useful for the development of new anti-adhesion materials.
authors.affiliation: Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan, atsushishimizu1214@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suhara
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kiyohiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omichi
authors.forename: Katsutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kokudo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007813:Laparotomy; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012086:Reoperation; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: C118198:Seprafilm; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid