title: Colombian health care system: results on equity for five health dimensions, 2003-2008.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the change in five health equity dimensions for the Colombian health system: health condition, social health insurance coverage, health services utilization, quality, and health expenditure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A common standardization methodology was used to assess equity in countries in the western hemisphere. Data come from the Colombian Life Quality Survey. After indirect standardization, concentration indices and horizontal inequity were estimated. A decomposition analysis was developed. Aggregate household monthly expenditure per equivalent adult was considered as the standard of living.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results show important progress in equity with regard to social health insurance affiliation, access to medicine and curative services, and perception of the quality of health care service. Important gaps persist, which affect poorer populations, especially their perception of having a bad health condition and their access to preventive medical and dental services.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Colombian model needs to advance in implementing preventive public health strategies to cope with increasing demand concomitant with increased social insurance coverage. The population's access to total services in cases of chronic illness and oral health services must increase and benefit plans must be integrated while preserving the recorded achievements in equity. Decomposition of the concentration index shows that inequities are mostly explained by socioeconomic variables and not by health-related factors.
authors.affiliation: Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, Viceministerio de Salud y Prestación de Servicios, Bogotá, Colombia. fruiz@minsalud.gov.co
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ruiz Gómez
authors.forename: Teana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zapata Jaramillo
authors.forename: Liz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garavito Beltrán
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003105:Colombia; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006304:Health Status; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult