title: The relationship between atrial electromechanical delay and P-wave dispersion with the presence and severity of metabolic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with intra- and inter-atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) and P-wave dispersion (PWD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 144 patients (72 MetS patients and 72 age- and sex-matched control subjects) were included in the study. Patients with MetS were classified into three groups based on the number of MetS criteria as follows: Group 1 (patients with three MetS criteria), Group 2 (patients with four MetS criteria) and Group 3 (patients with five MetS criteria). Intra- and inter-AEMD were measured from parameters of tissue Doppler imaging. PWD was calculated from the 12-lead electrocardiogram.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both inter-AEMD (22.9±15 vs. 11.5±14, p<0.001) and intra-AEMD (23.6±12 vs. 8.3±19, p<0.001) were found to be significantly longer in patients with MetS than the control group. Similarly, PWD (49±25 vs. 36±24, p=0.001) were found to be significantly longer in the MetS patients than the controls. However, both inter-AEMD and intra-AEMD and P wave measurements were not found to be associated with the severity of MetS. While inter and intra-AEMD were better correlated with LV mass index and LA volume index, PWD correlated better with mitral inflow Doppler parameters. According to multivariate analyses, inter-AEMD, HDL-C, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found to be independent predictors, whereas E/A and LDL-C had borderline significance. For the intra-AEMD, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index and E/A were found to be independent predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with MetS, inter- and intra-AEMD, and P dispersion were found to be lengthened when compared with the controls. However, these parameters were not associated with the severity of MetS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey. drmustafakurt@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurt
authors.forename: Ibrahim Halil
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Tanboğa
authors.forename: Mehmet Fatih
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Karakaş
authors.forename: Eyüp
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Büyükkaya
authors.forename: Adnan Burak
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Akcay
authors.forename: Nihat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bilen
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index