title: Laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy performed with and without excision of the endocervix: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the occurrence of vaginal bleeding and patient satisfaction 12 months after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy performed with and without excision of the endocervix.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Canadian Task Force Classification I.
  
  
  METHODS
  Norwegian university teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred forty consecutive premenopausal women referred for hysterectomy on the basis of a benign condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study participants were randomized to standard laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (n = 70) or laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy with excision of the endocervix in a reverse cone pattern (n = 70).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main outcome measures were the occurrence of vaginal bleeding and patient satisfaction 12 months after the procedure. One hundred thirty women (92.3%) were followed up according to the study protocol. In total, 43 women (33.1%) reported bleeding episodes during the first 12 months after the laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy; 22 (16.9 %) of these women had cyclic bleeding. All reported bleeding episodes were minimal. Patient satisfaction after the hysterectomy was very high with a mean visual analog score (on a scale of 0-10) of 9.3 (standard deviation = 1.4). There were no significant differences between the 2 treatment groups regarding the main outcomes 12 months after the procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patient satisfaction after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy is very high. Episodes of minimal vaginal bleeding after the procedure are relatively common, but such bleeding does not affect patient satisfaction. Removal of the endocervix by reverse conization during laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy appears to have no effect in terms of reduced bleeding or improved patient satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. espen.berner@ous-hf.no
authors.forename: Espen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Qvigstad
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Langebrekke
authors.forename: Marit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lieng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000601:surgery*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology