title: Prognostic impact of RAS mutations in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
abstract: RAS is an oncogene frequently mutated in human cancer. RAS mutations have been reported in 10-15% of cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but they appear to be less frequent among patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The impact of RAS mutations in patients with MDS is unclear. We conducted a retrospective study in 1,067 patients with newly diagnosed MDS for whom RAS mutational analysis was available. Overall, 4% of patients carried mutant RAS alleles. Notably, FLT3 mutations, which were found in 2% of patients, were mutually exclusive with RAS mutations. Patients with RAS mutations had a higher white blood cell count as well as bone marrow blasts compared with patients carrying wild-type RAS. However, no differences were observed between both groups regarding the risk of AML transformation (9% vs. 7%) and overall survival (395 days vs. 500 days, P = 0.057). In summary, RAS mutations are infrequent in patients with MDS and do not appear to negatively impact their outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Aref
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Kali
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quintás-Cardama
authors.forename: Raja
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luthra
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bueso-Ramos
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: Tapan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kadia
authors.forename: Gautam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borthakur
authors.forename: Zeev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Estrov
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jabbour
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faderl
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ravandi
authors.forename: Jorges
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.forename: Ayalew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tefferi
authors.forename: Hagop
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kantarjian
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garcia-Manero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C497970:FLT3 protein, human; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3; C501009:HRAS protein, human; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)