title: The cholinergic stimulation of the hippocampus induced the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We previously demonstrated that the direct microinjection of cholinesterase inhibitor (neostigmine) into the hippocampus in rats activated the hypothalamo-pituitary -adrenal axis and increased the level of norepinephrine in the plasma. In the current study we tried to measure the effects of neostigmine injection into the hippocampus using the non-invasive measure of heart rate variability (HRV).
  
  
  METHODS
  After the hippocampal injection of neostigmine (50 nM and 125 nM) or saline as a control in rats, HRV measurement was performed for 30 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the injection of neostigmine into the hippocampus, LF/HF, the index of the sympathetic nervous system, significantly increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the current study indicated that stimulation of the hippocampal cholinergic system induced the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Oyun
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Khookhor
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Umegaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059329:Cholinergic Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D009388:Neostigmine