title: Single-pulse underwater laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with nongated detection scheme.
abstract: We investigated spatially resolved emission spectra of Al atoms in a very small (∼0.1 mm) laser ablation plasma produced by a single long-pulse (∼100 ns) irradiation of an Al target in water. The spectral feature varied considerably, depending on the position to be measured. The density of the plasma periphery was low enough to neglect the self-absorption effect, even when resonance lines were observed. By properly selecting the position, we successfully obtained well-resolved spectral lines even without time-gated detection. This suggests that time-gating is not necessary anymore in the practical applications of underwater laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy when employing spatially resolved detection system.
authors.forename: Ayumu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukami
authors.forename: Yukio H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakka