title: Peer pressure and thai amateur golfers' gambling on their games: the mediating effect of golf self-efficacy.
abstract: Our study hypothesizes that Thai amateur golfers gamble on their game because of peer pressure and their golf self-efficacy. To support our hypothesis, we conducted a study to examine the mediating effect of golf self-efficacy on the peer pressure-golf gambling relationship among 387 amateur golfers in Thailand. Peer pressure was operationally defined as fellow players' influence on the individual golfer to gamble; golf self-efficacy as the judgment of the golfer's skills to play golf; and golf gambling as the frequency and amounts of gambling. Regression analysis with bootstrapping was used to test the mediation effect of golf self-efficacy on the peer pressure-golf gambling relationship. The results support our hypothesis; peer pressure predicted golf gambling, and the indirect effect of peer pressure to golf gambling through the mediation of golf self-efficacy was significant. The results support the influence of peer pressure on gambling, and the social cognitive theory reciprocal relationship model.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Bangkok University, Rama 4 Road, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand, vanchai.a@bu.ac.th.
authors.forename: Vanchai
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ariyabuddhiphongs
authors.forename: Chomnad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Promsakha Na Sakolnakorn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology*; D006055:Golf / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010379:Peer Group; D011998:Recreation; D012044:Regression Analysis; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012925:Social Conformity; D013785:Thailand