title: Vildagliptin ameliorates oxidative stress and pancreatic beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetic rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is believed that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Several strategies have been developed with the objective of minimizing diabetic complications. Among these, inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), which act by blocking degradation of incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide hormone (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), have been the focus of many studies. It is known that, among the effects of incretins, we highlight its insulinotropic and cytoprotective effects on pancreatic β-cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of treatment with vildagliptin, a DPP-IV inhibitor, in β-cells in an experimental model of type 1 diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were treated for 4 weeks with vildagliptin at concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/kg. In order to observe the pancreatic damage and the possible protective effects of vildagliptin treatment, we measured stress markers TBARS and protein carbonyl, antioxidant enzymes SOD and catalase, and analyzed pancreatic histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The treatment was effective in modulating stress in pancreatic tissue, both by reducing levels of stress markers as well as by increasing activity of SOD and catalase. After analyzing the pancreatic histology, we found that vildagliptin was also able to preserve islets and pancreatic β-cells, especially at the concentration of 5 mg/kg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, our results suggest that vildagliptin ameliorates oxidative stress and pancreatic beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetic rats. However, to evaluate the real potential of this medication in type 1 diabetes, further studies are needed.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas-NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle de Lima
authors.initials: Dde L
authors.lastname: Ávila
authors.forename: Glaucy Rodrigues de
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Maisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Pedro Henrique de Amorim
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Mirla Fiuza
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.forename: Maria Lúcia
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pedrosa
authors.forename: Marcelo Eustáquio
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Wanderson Geraldo
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: de Lima
authors.forename: Daniela Caldeira
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000218:Adamantane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D054795:Incretins / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D013311:Streptozocin; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D000077597:Vildagliptin
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D054795:Incretins; D007328:Insulin; D009570:Nitriles; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D013311:Streptozocin; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; D000077597:Vildagliptin; D000218:Adamantane