title: Pediatric moyamoya disease: clinical profile, literature review and sixteen year experience from a tertiary care teaching institute.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the clinical spectrum and outcome of pediatric moyamoya disease (MMD) in Indian sub-continent.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively analysed data of 23 patients, diagnosed with pediatric moyamoya disease from a single center during the period of 1996-2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 18 boys and 5 girls. Mean age at onset of symptoms was 3.8 ± 2.2 y. All patients presented with cerebral ischemic events. Recurrent stroke was the presenting feature in 12(52.2 %) patients. Twenty one patients were definitive case of moyamoya disease and two were probable case of moyamoya disease. Posterior circulation was involved in 26.1 % patients. Three patients underwent indirect surgical revascularisation procedure and rest were managed conservatively. On follow up 66.6 % patients had residual neurological deficit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Heightened awareness of this entity among pediatric neurologists is required for early diagnosis of pediatric moyamoya disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160017, India, doctorpratibhasinghi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pratibha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singhi
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Choudhary
authors.forename: Niranjan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khandelwal
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies