title: Short and long term impact of adenotonsillectomy on the immune system.
abstract: Palatine and pharyngeal tonsils are immune reactive lymphoid organs that manifest specific antibodies and B/T-cell activity to respond to a variety of antigens. They perform humoral and cellular immune functions. The possible effects of adenotonsillectomy upon the immune system remain controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the short and long-term impacts of tonsillectomy upon the cellular and humoral immunity of children.
  
  
  METHODS
  This longitudinal prospective study included 29 children referred to adenotonsillectomy for adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Serum IgA, IgM, and IgG and lymphocyte counts were analyzed at three points in time: before surgery, 1-2 months after surgery (short term), and 12-14 months after surgery (long term).
  
  
  RESULTS
  TCD4+ cell counts were significantly increased shortly after surgery. IgA and IgG values were significantly reduced in the long run, but were within normal ranges for this age group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated that adenotonsillectomy does not pose negative short or long term impacts upon the cellular and humoral immunity of children submitted to the procedure.
authors.affiliation: Otology and Ear Surgery service at UNIFESP/EPM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio Pires
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Raimar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Bibiana Callegaro
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Fortes
authors.forename: Shirley Shizue Nagata
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Pignatari
mesh_terms: D000234:Adenoids / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000601:surgery; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000276:immunology*; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014068:Tonsillectomy
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M