title: Highly accelerated dynamic contrast enhanced imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging provides unique physiological information, notably the endothelial permeability (K(trans)), and may improve the diagnosis and management of multiple pathologies. Current acquisition methods provide limited spatial-temporal resolution and field-of-view, often preventing characterization of the entire pathology and precluding measurement of the arterial input function. We present a method for highly accelerated dynamic imaging and demonstrate its utility for dynamic contrast-enhanced modeling.
  
  
  METHODS
  We propose a novel Poisson ellipsoid sampling scheme and enforce multiple spatial and temporal l1-norm constraints during image reconstruction. Retrospective and prospective analyses were performed to validate the approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Retrospectively, no mean bias or diverging trend was observed as the acceleration rate was increased from 3× to 18×; less than 10% error was measured in K(trans) at any individual rates in this range. Prospectively accelerated images at a rate of 36× enabled full brain coverage with 0.94 × 0.94 × 1.9 mm(3) spatial and 4.1 s temporal resolutions. Images showed no visible degradation and provided accurate K(trans) values when compared to a clinical population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Highly accelerated dynamic MRI using compressed sensing and parallel imaging provides accurate permeability modeling and enables full brain, high resolution acquisitions.
authors.affiliation: Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Robert Marc
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lebel
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ferre
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Krishna S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Nayak
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D003287:Contrast Media; D004727:Endothelium / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D010539:Permeability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media