title: A preliminary clinical trial using flowable glass-ionomer cement as a liner in proximal-ART restorations: the operator effect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This in vivo study was carried out to assess the influence of the operator experience on the survival rate of proximal-ART restorations using a two-layer technique to insert the glass-ionomer cement (GIC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty five proximal cavities in primary molars were restored in a school setting according to the ART technique. The cavities were restored by two operators with Ketac Molar Easymix, and received a flowable layer of GIC prior to a second GIC layer with a regular consistency. The operators had different clinical experiences with ART (no experience or two years of experience), but both completed a one-week training to perform the restorations and the GIC mixing in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a 12-month follow-up, 74% of the restorations survived; the main reason for failure was bulk fracture or total loss of the restoration.There was no operator influence (long-rank test p=0.2) CONCLUSION: The results encourage future well designed controlled clinical trials using the two-layer technique for insertion of GIC in proximal-ART restorations, after training the operators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Gustav Mahlerlaan, 3004, 1081LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands. C.Bonifacio@acta.nl
authors.forename: Clarissa-Calil
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Bonifácio
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hesse
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bönecker
authors.forename: Cor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Loveren
authors.forename: W Evert
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Van Amerongen
authors.forename: Daniela-Prócida
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Raggio
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D057087:Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment / Q000379:methods; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements