title: Citreoviridin enhances tumor necrosis factor-α-induced adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
abstract: Endothelial adhesion plays an important role in the process of atherosclerosis, which is regulated by endothelial adhesion molecules and chemoattractant molecules. In some areas of China, citreoviridin (CIT) is considered a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the role of CIT in adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) together with the stimulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Adhesion of HUVECs to monocytes was analyzed by coculture experiments using U937 cells labeled with 2,7-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein acetoxymethylester. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin was determined by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and ELISA. The activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was assessed by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. CIT markedly increased TNF-α-induced HUVECs adhesion to monocytes and the expression levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, and MCP-1. TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB in HUVECs was significantly elevated by CIT. Our study demonstrates that CIT upregulates TNF-α-induced endothelial adhesion via increasing activation of NF-κB, which results in the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, and MCP-1. CIT plays a pivotal role in the process of endothelial cell adhesion and may thereby play an important role in the improvement of atherosclerosis in areas of China that have a high prevalence of CIT contamination and atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China Institute of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China.
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China.
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China.
authors.forename: Qunwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China bjiang@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Baofa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D001313:Aurovertins / Q000633:toxicity*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D018450:Disease Progression; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001313:Aurovertins; C439524:TNF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C014416:citreoviridin
keywords: Citreoviridin; adhesion; atherosclerosis; nuclear factor-κB; vascular endothelial cell