title: A prospective study of postoperative symptoms in sinonasal quality-of-life following endoscopic skull-base surgery: dissociations based on specific symptoms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic skull-base surgery (ESBS) is a minimal access approach to cranial base pathology; however, it significantly disrupts the intranasal mucosa and intranasal structures, the long-term effects of which are still being studied. We prospectively assessed postoperative changes in sinonasal QOL symptoms following ESBS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-five patients were prospectively assessed with the Anterior Skull Base Questionnaire (ASBQ), a validated QOL instrument, preoperatively and up to 1 year postoperatively at each subsequent office visit. A subset of these data was analyzed to assess the effect of endoscopic pituitary surgery on postoperative taste, smell, appetite, nasal secretions, and vision.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ESBS patients were divided into 2 cohorts: those undergoing pituitary adenoma surgery and those undergoing ESBS for all other pathologies. Preoperative smell (3.11 vs 3.76, p = 0.03) and taste (3.04 vs 3.69, p = 0.03) were significantly lower in the nonpituitary group. Within the pituitary group both taste (3.69 vs 2.95, p = 0.03) and smell (3.76 vs 2.61, p ≤ 0.001) were significantly decreased by 6 weeks postoperatively. However, by 12 months both taste and smell scores returned to baseline. Vision scores improved by 3 weeks postoperatively with durable results at 1 year (2.80 vs 3.33, p = 0.04 vs 3.59, p = 0.03, respectively). Within the nonpituitary group, smell was decreased at 3 weeks, but was not significantly changed at any other time points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study indicates a dissociation between the nasal and visual QOL after ESBS. While nasal QOL transiently decreases, visual QOL progressively improves. These data should not be lumped together for the purposes of statistical analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bedrosian
authors.forename: Edward D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: McCoul
authors.forename: Roheen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raithatha
authors.forename: Olga A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Akselrod
authors.forename: Vijay K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Theodore H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001066:Appetite; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D019291:Skull Base / Q000601:surgery*; D019292:Skull Base Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012903:Smell; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013649:Taste; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014785:Vision, Ocular; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cranial base; endonasal surgery; endoscopic; outcomes research; pituitary surgery; quality-of-life; skull base