title: Provisional report on diving-related fatalities in Australian waters 2008.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An individual case review of diving-related deaths, reported as occurring in Australia in 2008, was conducted as part of the DAN Asia-Pacific dive fatality reporting project.
  
  
  METHODS
  The case studies were compiled using reports from witnesses, the police and coroners. In each case, the particular circumstances of the accident and details from the post-mortem examination, where available, are provided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, there were 19 reported fatalities (the same as for 2007), 17 involving males. Twelve deaths occurred while snorkelling and/or breath-hold diving,and six while scuba diving. One diver died while using surface-supply breathing apparatus. Two breath-hold divers appear to have died as a result of apnoeic hypoxia, at least one case likely associated with hyperventilation. Two deaths resulted from trauma: one from impact with a boat and the other from an encounter with a great white shark. Cardiac-related issues were thought to have contributed to the deaths of five snorkellers and at least two, possibly three, scuba divers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trauma from a marine creature, snorkelling or diving alone, apnoeic hypoxia and pre-existing medical conditions were once again features in several deaths in this series.
authors.affiliation: Executive Director of Divers Alert Network Asia-Pacific, Australia. johnl@danasiapacific.org
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lippmann
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fock
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wodak
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jamieson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001237:Asphyxia / Q000401:mortality; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001344:Autopsy; D001733:Bites and Stings / Q000401:mortality; D002423:Cause of Death; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000401:mortality; D004242:Diving / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004332:Drowning / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D020766:Intracranial Embolism / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012754:Sharks; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Diving deaths; breath­hold diving; case reports; diving accidents; scuba; surface­supply breathing apparatus (SSBA)