title: Cinacalcet effect on polymorphonuclear leucocytes of kidney transplant patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNLs) play a key role in the nonspecific immune defence. Cinacalcet reduces serum calcium levels in kidney transplant recipients with mineral bone disorder associated with chronic kidney disease. We investigated essential functions of PMNLs of kidney transplant recipients with and without hypercalcaemia and with and without cinacalcet therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oxidative burst, phagocytosis, apoptosis and intracellular calcium concentrations of PMNLs from normocalcaemic kidney transplant patients without (KT-NC) or with cinacalcet intake (KT-NC/CI), hypercalcaemic kidney transplant patients (KT-HC) and healthy subjects (HS) were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stimulation of oxidative burst of PMNLs from KT-HC patients by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate or Escherichia coli was significantly attenuated compared with PMNLs from KT-NC, KT-NC/CI and HS. Apoptosis of PMNLs from KT-HC patients was significantly decreased compared with cells from KT-NC, KT-NC/CI and HS. Apoptosis correlated significantly with serum calcium concentrations. Intracellular calcium concentrations and phagocytosis of PMNLs did not differ between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that stimulation of PMNL oxidative burst and apoptosis is significantly diminished in kidney transplant patients with hypercalcaemia, while kidney transplant patients with serum calcium levels normalized by cinacalcet have normal PMNL functions despite immunosuppressive therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. gerald.cohen@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raupachova
authors.forename: Kyra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Borchhardt
authors.forename: Walter H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hörl
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D057966:Calcimimetic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D000069449:Cinacalcet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D057966:Calcimimetic Agents; D009281:Naphthalenes; D002118:Calcium; D000069449:Cinacalcet