title: Recovering directed networks in neuroimaging datasets using partially conditioned Granger causality.
abstract: Recovering directed pathways of information transfer between brain areas is an important issue in neuroscience and helps to shed light on the brain function in several physiological and cognitive states. Granger causality (GC) analysis is a valuable tool to detect directed dynamical connectivity, and it is being increasingly used. Unfortunately, this approach encounters some limitations in particularly when applied to neuroimaging datasets, often consisting in short and noisy data and for which redundancy plays an important role. In this article, we address one of these limitations, namely, the computational and conceptual problems arising when conditional GC, necessary to disambiguate direct and mediated influences, is used on short and noisy datasets of many variables, as it is typically the case in some electroencephalography (EEG) protocols and in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We show that considering GC in the framework of information theory we can limit the conditioning to a limited number of variables chosen as the most informative, obtaining more stable and reliable results both in EEG and fMRI data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Data Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Guo-Rong
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Sebastiano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stramaglia
authors.forename: Huafu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marinazzo
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D058256:Brain Waves / Q000502:physiology; D015984:Causality; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007257:Information Theory; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D010100:Oxygen; D012146:Rest
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen