title: Next-generation museomics disentangles one of the largest primate radiations.
abstract: Guenons (tribe Cercopithecini) are one of the most diverse groups of primates. They occupy all of sub-Saharan Africa and show great variation in ecology, behavior, and morphology. This variation led to the description of over 60 species and subspecies. Here, using next-generation DNA sequencing (NGS) in combination with targeted DNA capture, we sequenced 92 mitochondrial genomes from museum-preserved specimens as old as 117 years. We infer evolutionary relationships and estimate divergence times of almost all guenon taxa based on mitochondrial genome sequences. Using this phylogenetic framework, we infer divergence dates and reconstruct ancestral geographic ranges. We conclude that the extraordinary radiation of guenons has been a complex process driven by, among other factors, localized fluctuations of African forest cover. We find incongruences between phylogenetic trees reconstructed from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences, which can be explained by either incomplete lineage sorting or hybridization. Furthermore, having produced the largest mitochondrial DNA data set from museum specimens, we document how NGS technologies can "unlock" museum collections, thereby helping to unravel the tree-of-life.
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK.
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Guschanski
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Valente
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Finstermeier
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sabin
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gilissen
authors.forename: Gontran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sonet
authors.forename: Zoltán T
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lenglet
authors.forename: Frieder
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Savolainen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016663:Cercopithecinae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial