title: Swedish translation and psychometric testing of the safety attitudes questionnaire (operating room version).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tens of millions of patients worldwide suffer from avoidable disabling injuries and death every year. Measuring the safety climate in health care is an important step in improving patient safety. The most commonly used instrument to measure safety climate is the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ). The aim of the present study was to establish the validity and reliability of the translated version of the SAQ.
  
  
  METHODS
  The SAQ was translated and adapted to the Swedish context. The survey was then carried out with 374 respondents in the operating room (OR) setting. Data was received from three hospitals, a total of 237 responses. Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the instrument.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Cronbach's alpha values for each of the factors of the SAQ ranged between 0.59 and 0.83. The CFA and its goodness-of-fit indices (SRMR 0.055, RMSEA 0.043, CFI 0.98) showed good model fit. Intercorrelations between the factors safety climate, teamwork climate, job satisfaction, perceptions of management, and working conditions showed moderate to high correlation with each other. The factor stress recognition had no significant correlation with teamwork climate, perception of management, or job satisfaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, the Swedish translation and psychometric testing of the SAQ (OR version) has good construct validity. However, the reliability analysis suggested that some of the items need further refinement to establish sound internal consistency. As suggested by previous research, the SAQ is potentially a useful tool for evaluating safety climate. However, further psychometric testing is required with larger samples to establish the psychometric properties of the instrument for use in Sweden.
authors.affiliation: Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Falu Lasarett, Falun, Sweden. camilla.goras@telia.com.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Göras
authors.forename: Fan Yang
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Wallentin
authors.forename: Ulrica
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ehrenberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006739:Hospital Administration; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009873:Operating Rooms; D015279:Organizational Culture; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012449:Safety; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D014175:Translating; D000078329:Workforce