title: Noise sensitivity and disability retirement: a longitudinal twin study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze whether noise sensitivity increases the risk of disability pension (DP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire data of a sample of 706 Finnish twin individuals (age range, 31 to 65 years) with record linkage to information on DP during 16 years of follow-up were analyzed using individual and pairwise Cox proportional hazards models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Noise sensitivity increased the risk of DP (hazard ratio = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03 to 1.93) and DP due to musculoskeletal disorders (hazard ratio = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.00 to 2.66). In within-pair analyses, noise sensitivity increased the risk of DP: among all twin pairs, odds ratio was 1.80 (95% CI: 1.08 to 3.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Noise sensitivity may be a potential risk factor for disability retirement. It is associated with DP independently of familial background and genetic factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Finland. marja.heinonen@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Marja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heinonen-Guzejev
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koskenvuo
authors.forename: Karri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Silventoinen
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mussalo-Rauhamaa
authors.forename: Heikki S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Vuorinen
authors.forename: Kauko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heikkilä
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaprio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D009623:Noise, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012042:Registries; D012179:Retirement; D018570:Risk Assessment