title: Awareness of psychological and relationship problems amongst brain tumour patients and its association with carer distress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this research was to investigate if brain tumour patients underestimate the severity of their impairments and the impact of this behaviour on carer distress . This study also aimed to identify the support services that patients and carers experiencing distress would find most beneficial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 32 post-surgery brain tumour patients, their carers, and a control group of 29 patients following surgery to extra-cerebral areas and their carers were recruited from outpatient clinics. Patients and carers rated the patient's psychological well-being and the impact of a range of changes since diagnosis/surgery. Patients and carers also rated their own level of distress and the support services they would find most beneficial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared with the control group, brain tumour patients were more likely to underestimate their psychological problems (p < 0.005) and the negative impact of changes to their emotional function (p < 0.05), interpersonal relationships (p < 0.05), cognition (p < 0.05) and coping skills (p<0.05). A multiple regression analysis showed that underestimation of psychological and interpersonal problems by brain tumour patients explained 35% of the variance in their carer's anxiety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding of reduced awareness or denial in brain tumour patients and its contribution to increased carer anxiety highlights the need for therapeutic interventions, which improve patient insight/denial and encourage patient and carer communication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Holly E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Andrewes
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia.|Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Katharine J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Drummond
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bucknill
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, The University of Melbourne, Australia.|Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Andrewes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D001364:Awareness; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003717:Denial, Psychological; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008605:Mental Health Services; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: brain tumour; cancer; carer; insight; oncology