title: Paenibacillus thermoaerophilus sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from compost.
abstract: A rod-shaped, endospore-forming, Gram-reaction-positive bacterium, designated strain TC22-2b(T), was isolated from compost in Tochigi, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain belonged to a cluster comprising species of the genus Paenibacillus and was most closely related to the type strain of Paenibacillus elgii (93.4% similarity). The major cellular fatty acids were C(16:0) (25.5%), iso-C(16:0) (23.6%) and anteiso-C(15:0) (21.5%). The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The diamino acid found in the cell wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid, and the DNA G+C content was 59.1 mol%. The results of physiological and biochemical tests enabled the phenotypic differentiation of strain TC22-2b(T) from the most closely related species with validly published names. Phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence reveals that strain TC22-2b(T) represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus thermoaerophilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the novel species is TC22-2b(T) ( =DSM 26310(T)  =JCM 18657(T)).
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering for Symbiosis, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering for Symbiosis, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering for Symbiosis, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kurosawa
mesh_terms: D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D056507:Paenibacillus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012987:Soil; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012987:Soil; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C062629:menaquinone 7