title: Inhibition of nitric oxide and antiphospholipid antibody-mediated thrombosis.
abstract: The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by recurrent vascular thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and fetal loss occurring in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Along with arterial and venous thrombosis and pregnancy complications, patients with APS have an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary artery disease, resulting from vascular cell dysfunction induced by aPL. Accumulating evidence to date indicates that interactions between circulating aPL and cell surface molecules of target cells, primarily endothelial cells and platelets, underlie the vascular disease phenotypes of APS. However, the molecular basis of APS is poorly understood. Nitric oxide produced by endothelial cells is a key determinant of vascular health that regulates several physiologic processes, including thrombosis, endothelial-leukocyte interaction, vascular cell migration, and the modulation of vascular tone. This review will discuss recent findings that indicate a novel mechanism by which aPL antagonize endothelial cell production of nitric oxide and thereby promote thrombosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA. Chieko.Mineo@UTSouthwestern.edu
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mineo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000378:metabolism; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III