title: Cortactin is a sensitive biomarker relative to the poor prognosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cortactin is an important regulator involved in invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to elucidate the forecasting role of cortactin in resectable HCCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the invasiveness and motility among liver epithelial cell line and HCC cell lines by using Transwell assay and wound healing assay. We further investigated the CTTN mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Next, 91 HCC and 20 normal liver tissue samples were detected by IHC and real-time PCR. Finally, we analyzed the clinicopathologic features and survival time of the HCC cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified that HepG2, LM3, and SK-Hep-1 had more invasiveness and motility (P <0.05). Compared with liver epithelial cell line, CTTN expression was higher in LM3, HepG2, and MHCC97-L (P <0.01) and lower in SK-Hep-1 (P <0.05). IHC examination showed cortactin expression was closely relative to TNM stage (AJCC/UICC), cancer embolus, and metastasis (P <0.01). Cortactin overexpression indicated a longer survival time of 52 ± 8.62 months and low expression of a shorter survival time of 20 ± 4.95 months (P <0.01). Cortactin examination has more predictive power in patients with Child-Pugh grade A and BCLC stage 0-B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overexpression of cortactin is closely associated with poor human HCCs prognosis that caused by cancer embolus and metastasis. Cortactin and CTTN should be used for differentiating varieties of survival for patients after HCC resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA Air Force General Hospital, No,30 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100142, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zi-ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ya-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Dong-Qing
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Hong-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000556:secondary; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D051356:Cortactin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C495868:CTTN protein, human; D051356:Cortactin; D012333:RNA, Messenger