title: Deciphering dynamic dose responses of natural promoters and single cis elements upon osmotic and oxidative stress in yeast.
abstract: Fine-tuned activation of gene expression in response to stress is the result of dynamic interactions of transcription factors with specific promoter binding sites. In the study described here we used a time-resolved luciferase reporter assay in living Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells to gain insights into how osmotic and oxidative stress signals modulate gene expression in a dose-sensitive manner. Specifically, the dose-response behavior of four different natural promoters (GRE2, CTT1, SOD2, and CCP1) reveals differences in their sensitivity and dynamics in response to different salt and oxidative stimuli. Characteristic dose-response profiles were also obtained for artificial promoters driven by only one type of stress-regulated consensus element, such as the cyclic AMP-responsive element, stress response element, or AP-1 site. Oxidative and osmotic stress signals activate these elements separately and with different sensitivities through different signaling molecules. Combination of stress-activated cis elements does not, in general, enhance the absolute expression levels; however, specific combinations can increase the inducibility of the promoter in response to different stress doses. Finally, we show that the stress tolerance of the cell critically modulates the dynamics of its transcriptional response in the case of oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dolz-Edo
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rienzo
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poveda-Huertes
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pascual-Ahuir
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Proft
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009995:Osmosis; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000502:physiology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D055049:Salt Tolerance / Q000235:genetics; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2
chemical_list: D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2; C081935:MSN2 protein, S cerevisiae; C081937:MSN4 protein, S cerevisiae; C077832:SKO1 protein, S cerevisiae; C086677:YAP1 protein, S cerevisiae; C432953:GRE2 protein, S cerevisiae; C088589:HOG1 protein, S cerevisiae