title: Single glucose biofuel cells implanted in rats power electronic devices.
abstract: We describe the first implanted glucose biofuel cell (GBFC) that is capable of generating sufficient power from a mammal's body fluids to act as the sole power source for electronic devices. This GBFC is based on carbon nanotube/enzyme electrodes, which utilize glucose oxidase for glucose oxidation and laccase for dioxygen reduction. The GBFC, implanted in the abdominal cavity of a rat, produces an average open-circuit voltage of 0.57 V. This implanted GBFC delivered a power output of 38.7 μW, which corresponded to a power density of 193.5 μW cm(-2) and a volumetric power of 161 μW mL(-1). We demonstrate that one single implanted enzymatic GBFC can power a light-emitting diode (LED), or a digital thermometer. In addition, no signs of rejection or inflammation were observed after 110 days implantation in the rat.
authors.affiliation: Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Département de Chimie Moleculaire, UMR-5250, ICMG FR-2607, BP-53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zebda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cosnier
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Alcaraz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holzinger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Le Goff
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gondran
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boucher
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giroud
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gorgy
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lamraoui
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cinquin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose