title: Fragmentation of the proximal tubercle of the talus in horses: 9 cases (2004-2010).
abstract: To identify the prevalence of fragmentation of the proximal tubercle of the talus (FPTT) in a hospital population of horses, characterize the anatomic features of the affected area and fragments, and describe clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome for horses with FPTT.
  
  
  
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  
  9 horses with FPTT.
  
  
  
  2,543 radiographic views of the tarsal region of 1,526 horses that were evaluated between June 2004 and December 2010 were reviewed. Medical case records for horses with detectable FPTT were retrieved, and signalment, history, clinical signs, diagnostic methods, treatment, and outcome were recorded for assessment.
  
  
  
  9 horses (median age, 5 years; age range, 1 to 12 years) with FPTT were identified. Seven horses were warmbloods. Diagnosis was made on the basis of radiographic findings, occasionally along with results of ultrasonography and CT. The only horse that was lame in the affected limb had a history of a prior traumatic event and resultant lateral tibial malleolus fracture. One horse underwent arthroscopy, but fragments were not found and were presumed to be extra-articular. Outcome was available for 7 horses; mean ± SD duration of stable radiographic and clinical examination findings was 3 ± 1 years (range, 1 to 4 years).
  
  
  
  FPTT appeared to occur more frequently in warmbloods and was not usually associated with lameness. Affected horses remained clinically and radiographically stable over time. These data have provided some information regarding the importance of FPTT for practitioners who perform radiographic screenings during prepurchase examinations.
authors.affiliation: Département de sciences cliniques, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada. pablosvet@gmail.com
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4385-1000
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Espinosa-Mur
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lacourt
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Florent
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laverty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000662:veterinary*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses / Q000293:injuries*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013628:Talus / Q000473:pathology*