title: Acute and chronic wound fluids influence keratinocyte function differently.
abstract: Wound healing requires a proper functioning of keratinocytes that migrate, proliferate and lead to a competent wound closure. Impaired wound healing might be due to a disturbed keratinocyte function caused by the wound environment. Basically, chronic wound fluid (CWF) differs from acute wound fluid (AWF). The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of AWF and CWF on keratinocyte function. We therefore investigated keratinocyte migration and proliferation under the influence of AWF and CWF using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] test and scratch assay. We further measured the gene expression by qRT-PCR regarding growth factors and matrixmetalloproteinases (MMPs) involved in regeneration processes. AWF had a positive impact on keratinocyte proliferation over time, whereas CWF had an anti-proliferative effect. Keratinocyte migration was significantly impaired by CWF in contrast to an undisturbed wound closure under the influence of AWF. MMP-9 expression was strongly upregulated by CWF compared with AWF. Keratinocyte function was significantly impaired by CWF. An excessive induction of MMP-9 by CWF might lead to a permanent degradation of extracellular matrix and thereby prevent wounds from healing.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Handsurgery, Burn Care Center, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne-Merheim Medical Center, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Oliver C
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Thamm
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koenen
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bader
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wutzler
authors.forename: Edmund A M
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Neugebauer
authors.forename: Timo A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Spanholtz
mesh_terms: D061645:Abdominoplasty; D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: Acute wound; Chronic wound; Gene expression; Keratinocytes; Migration; Proliferation; Wound fluid; Wound healing