title: Risk of nocardial infections with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy.
abstract: Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy is beneficial in the management of many chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. However, its use is associated with increased risk of bacterial, fungal and viral infections. We present a case of cutaneous nocardiosis that occurred in a 61-year-old man, whose Crohn's disease was treated for nearly 1.5 years with infliximab. Prompt therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole led to complete resolution. Only few cases of nocardiosis complicating anti-TNF therapy are reported in the literature. We present the case report and summary of the available literature with updates on the management and the treatment of the disease.
authors.affiliation: OU Physicians Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. Tauseef-ali@ouhsc.edu
authors.forename: Tauseef
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Amarsha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakraburtty
authors.forename: Sultan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bronze
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069285:Infliximab; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009615:Nocardia / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009617:Nocardia Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000069285:Infliximab