title: [Metabolic syndrome reversion by polyunsaturated fatty acids ingestion].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metabolic syndrome (MS) frequency is growing and diet has an important influence on its evolution. Our objective was to study the effect of 3 sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids on MS parameters in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MS was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation. Three groups of individuals (n=15/group) were quasi-randomly assigned to one of the following treatments during 6 weeks: a) 1.8 g/d n-3 (1.08g eicosapentoaenoic acid+0.72 g docosahexaenoic acid); b) 2.0 g/d conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, 50:50, cis9:trans11, trans10:cis12), and c) 40 g/d walnut. The clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated at the beginning and the end of the essay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the group with n-3 the triglycerides level decreased from 183.9 ± 35.2mg/dl to 149.6 ± 29.0mg/dl (P=.007). In the group with walnut the HDL level rose from 41.7 ± 5.2mg/dl to 47.8 ± 5.4 mg/dl (P=.004) and the Castelli index (total cholesterol/HDL) decreased from 4.86 ± 0.97 to 3.82 ± 0.81 (P=.004). There were not significant changes in the CLA group. At the end of the essay, 46.7% of walnut group patients, 46.7% of n-3 group and 20% of CLA group, had no MS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The groups that consumed polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 and those in walnut in moderate daily doses during 6 weeks had an improvement of the dyslipidemia component of MS, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL level.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Veracruz, México. Electronic address: marcampos@uv.mx.
authors.forename: Martha Gabriela
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Campos Mondragón
authors.forename: Rosa María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Oliart Ros
authors.forename: Angélica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez Martinez
authors.forename: Gustavo Francisco
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Méndez Machado
authors.forename: Jesús Ofelia
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Angulo Guerrero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000178:diet therapy; D052456:Hypoalphalipoproteinemias / Q000178:diet therapy; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
keywords: Diet; Dieta; Dislipidemia; Dyslipidemia; Fatty acids; Ácidos grasos