title: Frontiers of transcutaneous vaccination systems: novel technologies and devices for vaccine delivery.
abstract: Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) systems that use the skin's immune function are promising needle-free, easy-to-use, and low-invasive vaccination alternative to conventional, injectable vaccination methods. To develop effective TCI systems, it is essential to establish fundamental techniques and technologies that deliver antigenic proteins to antigen-presenting cells in the epidermis and dermis while overcoming the barrier function of the stratum corneum. In this review, we provide an outline of recent trends in the development of techniques for the delivery of antigenic proteins and of the technologies used to enhance TCI systems. We also introduce basic and clinical research involving our TCI systems that incorporate several original devices.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biotechnology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirobe
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Shinsaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000941:Antigens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014611:Vaccination / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D014612:Vaccines