title: Non-dipping phenomenon in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis is a common disorder seen in childhood, and many factors play a role in its etiopathology to varying degrees. The aim of our study was to investigate the possible association between nocturnal enuresis and 24-h blood pressure profiles of enuretic children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 45 children ranging in age from 6 to 15 years with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and 22 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in our study. The blood pressure measurement was made at 30-min intervals during a 24-h period via an ambulatory blood pressure measurement device. Both groups underwent medical tests that included a complete blood count, blood biochemistry profile, urinalysis and blood renin-aldosterone levels, and all study subjects received an abdominal ultrasound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistically significant high nocturnal blood pressure levels were observed in our patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The mean values of the day-to-night difference (dipping) in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the patients were significantly lower than those of control group (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nocturnal enuresis should not only be accepted as a urinary system disorder. Possible systemic causative factors have to be examined, especially in patients that are resistant to first-line therapy. Based on the results of our study, we deduce that one of the factors that plays a role in the pathogenesis of enuresis nocturna is a non-dipping blood pressure profile (the "non-dipping" phenomenon).
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatrics, Dr Sadi Konuk Teaching and Medical Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aydin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kahraman
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dursun
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hatipoglu
authors.forename: Bahar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kural
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Korhan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Birgul
authors.forename: Mehmet Bedir
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Akyol
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053206:Nocturnal Enuresis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014554:Urination