title: Diversity and evolution of the highly polymorphic tandem repeat LEI0258 in the chicken MHC-B region.
abstract: The chicken major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is located on the microchromosome 16 and is described as the most variable region in the genome. The genes of the MHC play a central role in the immune system. Particularly, genes encoding proteins involved in the antigen presentation to T cells. Therefore, describing the genetic polymorphism of this region is crucial in understanding host-pathogen interactions. The tandem repeat LEI0258 is located within the core area of the B region of the chicken MHC (MHC-B region) and its genotypes correlate with serology. This marker was used to provide a picture of the worldwide diversity of the chicken MHC-B region and to categorize chicken MHC haplotypes. More than 1,600 animals from 80 different populations or lines of chickens from Africa, Asia, and Europe, including wild fowl species, were genotyped at the LEI0258 locus. Fifty novel alleles were described after sequencing. The resulting 79 alleles were classified into 12 clusters, based on the SNPs and indels found within the sequences flanking the repeats. Furthermore, hypotheses were formulated on the evolutionary dynamics of the region. This study constitutes the largest variability report for the chicken MHC and establishes a framework for future diversity or association studies.
authors.affiliation: Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, INRA, AgroParisTech, UMR 1313, Jouy-en-Josas, France. olympechazara@gmail.com
authors.forename: Olympe
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chazara
authors.forename: Chi-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bruneau
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Benabdeljelil
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fotsa
authors.forename: Boniface B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Kayang
authors.forename: N'Goran E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Loukou
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Osei-Amponsah
authors.forename: Valentine
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yapi-Gnaore
authors.forename: Issaka A K
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Youssao
authors.forename: Chih-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Marie-Hélène
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Pinard-van der Laan
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tixier-Boichard
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bed'hom
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000235:genetics*; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences
chemical_list: D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB; C103815:nonmuscle myosin type IIB heavy chain; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains