title: Prior lung inflammation impacts on body distribution of gold nanoparticles.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gold- (Au-) based nanomaterials have shown promising potential in nanomedicine. The individual health status is an important determinant of the response to injury/exposure. It is, therefore, critical to evaluate exposure to Au-nanomaterials with varied preexisting health status.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this research was to determine the extent of extrapulmonary translocation from healthy and inflamed lungs after pulmonary exposure to AuNPs. Male BALB/c mice received a single dose of 0.8 mg · kg(-1) AuNPs (40 nm) by oropharyngeal aspiration 24 hours after priming with LPS (0.4 mg · kg(-1)) through the same route. Metal contents were analyzed in different organs by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oropharyngeal aspiration resulted in high metal concentrations in lungs (P < 0.001); however, these were much lower after pretreatment with LPS (P < 0.05). Significantly higher concentrations of Au were detected in heart and thymus of healthy animals, whereas higher concentrations of Au NPs were observed in spleen in LPS-primed animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distribution of AuNPs from lungs to secondary target organs depends upon the health status, indicating that targeting of distinct secondary organs in nanomedicine needs to be considered carefully under health and inflammatory conditions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Responses to Xenobiotics, CNRS EAC 7059, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (BFA), Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris Diderot, 75 013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Salik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Jeroen A J
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Vanoirbeek
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haenen
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Haufroid
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boland
authors.forename: Francelyne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marano
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nemery
authors.forename: Peter H M
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Hoet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006046:Gold / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008027:Light; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010316:Particle Size; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D006046:Gold