title: Gene gun bombardment with DNA-coated golden particles enhanced the protective effect of a DNA vaccine based on thioredoxin glutathione reductase of Schistosoma japonicum.
abstract: Schistosomiasis, caused by infection with Schistosoma species, remains an important parasitic zoonosis. Thioredoxin glutathione reductase of Schistosoma japonicum (SjTGR) plays an important role in the development of the parasite and for its survival. Here we present a recombinant plasmid DNA vaccine, pVAX1/SjTGR, to estimate its protection against S. japonicum in BALB/c mice. The DNA vaccine administrated by particle bombardment induced higher protection than by intramuscular injection. All animals vaccinated with pVAX1/SjTGR developed significant specific anti-SjTGR antibodies than control groups. Moreover, animals immunized by gene gun exhibited a splenocyte proliferative response, with an increase in IFN- γ and IL-4. The recombinant plasmid administrated by gene gun achieved a medium protective efficacy of 27.83-38.83% (P < 0.01) of worm reduction and 40.38-44.51% (P < 0.01) of liver egg count reduction. It suggests that different modes of administering a DNA vaccine can influence the protective efficacy induced by the vaccine. Interestingly, from the enzymatic activity results, we found that worms obtained from pVAX1/SjTGR-vaccinated animals expressed lower enzymatic activity than the control group and the antibodies weakened the enzymatic activity of SjTGR in vitro, too. It implies that the high-level antibodies may contribute to the protective effects.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xuezhen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chunhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Xiujuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Dezhou
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Jiaojiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019470:Biolistics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010957:Plasmids; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012549:Schistosoma japonicum / Q000201:enzymology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D015801:Helminth Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D004247:DNA; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; C466433:thioredoxin glutathione reductase