title: Anhedonia of Patients with Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder is Attributed to Personality-Related Factors Rather than to State-Dependent Clinical Symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study was to explore the concurrent attribution of illness- and personality-related variables to the levels of physical and social anhedonia in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and schizoaffective disorder (SA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-seven stable patients with SZ/SA were assessed using the revised Physical Anhedonia Scale (PAS) and the Social Anhedonia Scale (SAS) illness- and personality-related variables. Correlation and regression analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three subgroups of patients were stratified by level of hedonic functioning: 52.9% passed the PAS and SAS cut-off ("double anhedonics"), 14.9% the PAS cut-off and 18.4% the SAS cut-off ("hypohedonics"), and 13.8% did not reach the PAS or SAS cut-off ("normal hedonics"). Increased negative and emotional distress symptoms together with low levels of task-oriented and avoidance-coping styles, self-efficacy, and social support were significantly correlated with PAS/SAS scores. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the contribution of illness-related predictors was 4.1% to the variance of PAS and 5.5% to SAS scores, whereas the contribution of personality-related predictors was 24.1% for PAS and 14.1% for SAS scores. The predictive value of negative symptoms did not reach significant levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hedonic functioning of SZ/SA patients is attributed to a number of personality-related factors rather than to state-dependent clinical symptoms. These findings enable better understanding of the multifactorial nature of anhedonia and might be of therapeutic relevance.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ritsner
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D059445:Anhedonia / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010551:Personality / Q000502:physiology*; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012944:Social Support
keywords: Anhedonia; Coping Styles; Emotional Distress; Schizophrenia; Self-Constructs; Social Support; Symptoms