title: Willingness to pay for quality of life technologies to enhance independent functioning among baby boomers and the elderly adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report the results of a study designed to assess whether and how much potential individual end users are willing to pay for Quality of Life Technologies (QoLTs) designed to enhance functioning and independence.
  
  
  METHODS
  We carried out a web survey of a nationally representative sample of U.S. baby boomers (aged 45-64; N = 416) and older adults (aged 65 and greater, N = 114). Respondents were first instructed to assume that they needed help with kitchen activities/personal care and that technology was available to help with things like meal preparation/dressing, and then they were asked the most they would be willing to pay each month out of pocket for these technologies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We modeled willingness to pay some (72% of respondents) versus none (28%), and the most people were willing to pay. Those willing to pay something were on average willing to pay a maximum of $40.30 and $45.00 per month for kitchen and personal care technology assistance, respectively. Respondents concerned about privacy or who were currently using assistive technology were less willing to pay. Respondents with higher incomes, who were Hispanic, or who perceived a higher likelihood of needing help in the future were more willing to pay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consumers' willingness to pay out of pocket for technologies to improve their well-being and independence is limited. In order to be widely adopted, QoLTs will have to be highly cost effective so that third party payers such as Medicare and private insurance companies are willing to pay for them.
authors.affiliation: *Address correspondence to Richard Schulz, Department of Psychiatry and UCSUR, 3343 Forbes Avenue, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260. E-mail: schulz@pitt.edu.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Scott R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Beach
authors.forename: Judith T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Courtney
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Devito Dabbs
authors.forename: Laurel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Person Mecca
authors.forename: Steadman Scott
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sankey
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011158:Population Growth; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014481:United States
keywords: Aging; Disability; Kitchen assistance; Personal care; Technology; Willingness to pay