title: PsVPS1, a dynamin-related protein, is involved in cyst germination and soybean infection of Phytophthora sojae.
abstract: Plant pathogens secrete effector proteins to suppress plant immunity. However, the mechanism by which oomycete pathogens deliver effector proteins during plant infection remains unknown. In this report, we characterized a Phytophthora sojae vps1 gene. This gene encodes a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar protein sorting gene vps1 that mediates budding of clathrin-coated vesicles from the late Golgi, which are diverted from the general secretory pathway to the vacuole. PsVPS1-silenced mutants were generated using polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast stable transformation and were viable but had reduced extracellular protein activity. The PsVPS1-silenced mutants showed impaired hyphal growth, and the shapes of the vacuoles were highly fragmented. Silencing of PsVPS1 affected cyst germination as well as the polarized growth of germinated cysts. Silenced mutants showed impaired invasion of susceptible soybean plants regardless of wounding. These results suggest that PsVPS1 is involved in vacuole morphology and cyst development. Moreover, it is essential for the virulence of P. sojae and extracellular protein secretion.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, and Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Delong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yidan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zhaojun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Yujuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Chunhua
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Yuanchao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D034281:Dynamins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D020868:Gene Silencing; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010838:Phytophthora / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D013025:Glycine max / Q000469:parasitology*; D013170:Spores / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D034281:Dynamins