title: Evaluation of techniques for estimating the power spectral density of RR-intervals under paced respiration conditions.
abstract: Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is increasingly used in anaesthesia and intensive care monitoring of spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilated patients. In the frequency domain, different estimation methods of the power spectral density (PSD) of RR-intervals lead to different results. Therefore, we investigated the PSD estimates of fast Fourier transform (FFT), autoregressive modeling (AR) and Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP) for 25 young healthy subjects subjected to metronomic breathing. The optimum method for determination of HRV spectral parameters under paced respiration was identified by evaluating the relative error (RE) and the root mean square relative error (RMSRE) for each breathing frequency (BF) and spectral estimation method. Additionally, the sympathovagal balance was investigated by calculating the low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio. Above 7 breaths per minute, all methods showed a significant increase in LF/HF ratio with increasing BF. On average, the RMSRE of FFT was lower than for LSP and AR. Therefore, under paced respiration conditions, estimating RR-interval PSD using FFT is recommend.
authors.affiliation: Max Schaldach-Stiftungsprofessur für Biomedizinische Technik, Universität Erlangen Nürnberg, Henkestr. 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany, thorsten.schaffer@biomed.uni-erlangen.de.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schaffer
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hensel
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weigand
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schüttler
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jeleazcov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008490:Medical Informatics; D008954:Models, Biological; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics; D056152:Respiratory Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult