title: Peripheral blood and bone marrow cells cultivated in Novy-Mcneal-Nicolle medium for visceral leishmaniosis diagnosis revealed Rhodotorula fungemia in an AIDS patient with lymphoma.
abstract: Rhodotorula is a ubiquitous yeast that can infect immunocompromised patients. Here, we present the case of a 45-year-old patient with AIDS who developed a Rhodotorula mucilaginosa fungemia. The patient had a past history of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and was hospitalised to receive chemotherapy for a B-cell lymphoma of the sinonasal cavities. The patient had no fever and no signs of VL. A systematic research for Leishmania by blood and bone marrow cultures was made and he received liposomal amphtotericin B (3 mg/kg in a single dose) to prevent a VL relapse. Rhodotorula fungemia was accidentally detected after 17 days of blood culture using a specific medium for leishmaniasis diagnosis. This long culture incubation time was probably facilitated by amphotericin B treatment. Rhodotorula is an emerging pathogen that may escape detection due its slow growth in culture.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paugam
authors.forename: Agathe
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lebuisson
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lortholary
authors.forename: Marie-Therese
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Baixench
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lanternier
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003470:Culture Media; D016469:Fungemia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016483:Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012248:Rhodotorula / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D000666:Amphotericin B