title: Surgical and medical management for fractures of the second through fifth metacarpals in a red ruffed lemur (Varecia rubra).
abstract: A 21-yr-old female red ruffed lemur (Varecia rubra) was presented with swelling and disuse of the right manus. Severely displaced fractures of metacarpals II-V were diagnosed radiographically. The fractures were surgically stabilized with intramedullary Kirschner wires attached externally with an acrylic external fixator and a bone plate on the dorsal aspect of metacarpal III. The fractures of metacarpals II-V were predominantly healed on radiographs obtained 12 wk after surgery. However, diffuse disuse osteopenia and phalangeal contracture were present, with possible osteomyelitis. An exercise regimen of the affected hand was initiated due to the incomplete extension of the phalanges. After 4 wk of therapy, the extension of the phalanges had improved and the fractures appeared radiographically to be nearly completely healed. Although metacarpal fractures are common in nonhuman primates, they are reported infrequently in the literature.
authors.affiliation: San Antonio Zoo, 3903 N. St. Mary's Street, San Antonio, Texas 78212, USA. shannon.cerveny@sazoo.org
authors.forename: Shannon N S
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Cerveny
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: Andra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Voges
authors.forename: Rob L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Coke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D005260:Female; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D007901:Lemuridae; D050279:Metacarpal Bones / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery