title: Dual effect of serum amyloid A on the invasiveness of glioma cells.
abstract: Evidence sustains a role for the acute-phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) in carcinogenesis and metastasis, and the protein has been suggested as a marker for tumor progression. Nevertheless, the demonstration of a direct activity of SAA on tumor cells is still incipient. We have investigated the effect of human recombinant SAA (rSAA) on two human glioma cell lines, A172 and T98G. rSAA stimulated the [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation of both lines, but had dual effects on migration and invasiveness which varied according to the cell line. In T98G, the rSAA increased migration and invasion behaviors whereas in A172 it decreased these behaviors. These findings agree with the effect triggered by rSAA on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activities measured in a gelatinolytic assay. rSAA inhibited activity of both MMPs in A172 cells while increasing them in T98G cells. rSAA also affected the production of compounds present in the tumor microenvironment that orchestrate tumor progression, such as IL-8, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). We also observed that both lines expressed all three of the isoforms of SAA: SAA1, SAA2, and SAA4. These data suggest that some tumor cells are responsive to SAA and, in these cases, SAA may have a role in cancer progression that varies according to the cell type.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580 Cidade Universitária, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Franciele Hinterholz
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Knebel
authors.forename: Renata Chaves
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.forename: Renato Ramos
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Massaro
authors.forename: Silvya Stuchi
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Maria-Engler
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campa
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005910:Glioma / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein