title: Skeletal pattern in subjects with temporomandibular joint disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To establish the skeletal pattern in subjects with malocclusions and temporomandibular disorders (TMD); to assess the relationship between craniofacial skeletal structures and TMD in subjects with malocclusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four subjects with malocclusions, over 18 years of age, were included in the study. Temporomandibular disorders were clinically assessed according to the Helkimo Anamnestic Index. Subjects underwent a lateral cephalogram. Subjects were grouped according to the sagittal skeletal pattern (ANB angle) into class I, II and III. Parametric Student tests with equal or unequal variations were used (variations were previously tested with Levene test).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-four patients with TMD (experimental sample); 40 patients without TMD (control group); interincisal angle was higher in class I and II (p < 0.05) experimental subjects; overjet was larger in experimental subjects; midline shift and Wits appraisal were broader in the experimental group in all three classes. In class III subjects, the SNB angle was higher in the experimental group (p = 0.01). Joint noises followed by reduced mandible mobility, muscular pain and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain were the most frequent symptoms in subjects with TMD and malocclusions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Temporomandibular joint status is an important factor to consider when planning orthodontic treatment in patients with severe malocclusions; midline shift, large overjet and deep overbite have been associated with signs and symptoms of TMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Haţieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Oana Cristina
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Almăşan
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Băciuţ
authors.forename: Horea Artimoniu
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Almăşan
authors.forename: Simion
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bran
authors.forename: Liana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lascu
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iancu
authors.forename: Grigore
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Băciuţ
keywords: lateral cephalometry; malocclusion; temporomandibular joint disorder