title: Induction of mast-cell accumulation by promutoxin, an Arg-49 phospholipase A2.
abstract: Local inflammation is a prominent characteristic of snakebite wound, and snake-venom phospholipase A2s (PLA2s) are some of the main component that contribute to accumulation of inflammatory cells. However, the action of an R49 PLA2s, promutoxin from Protobothrops mucrosquamatus venom, on mast-cell accumulation has not been previously examined. Using a mouse peritoneal model, we found that promutoxin can induce approximately-6-fold increase in mast-cell accumulation, and the response lasts at least for 16 h. The promutoxin-induced mast cell accumulation was inhibited by cyproheptadine, terfenadine, and Ginkgolide B, indicating that histamine and platelet-activating factor (PAF) is likely to contribute to the mast-cells accumulation. Preinjection of antibodies against adhesion molecules ICAM-1, CD18, CD11a, and L-selectin showed that ICAM-1, and CD18, CD11a are key adhesion molecules of promutoxin-induced mast-cell accumulation. In conclusion, promutoxin can induce accumulation of mast cells, which may contribute to snake-venom wound.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xiao-Long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Ya-Zhen
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Haiwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shaoheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017837:Bothrops / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D003533:Cyproheptadine / Q000494:pharmacology; D046934:Ginkgolides / Q000494:pharmacology; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000187:drug effects; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory / Q000378:metabolism*; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D030162:Reptilian Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012910:Snake Venoms / Q000201:enzymology*; D016593:Terfenadine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D046934:Ginkgolides; D007783:Lactones; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D030162:Reptilian Proteins; D012910:Snake Venoms; D003533:Cyproheptadine; D016593:Terfenadine; D006632:Histamine; C045856:ginkgolide B; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory; C584301:promutoxin, Protobothrops mucrosquamatus