title: Comparison of three weight maintenance programs on cardiovascular risk, bone and vitamins in sedentary older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obese patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) are encouraged to lose weight to obtain symptomatic relief. Risk of vascular events is higher in people with OA compared to people without arthritis. Our aim in this randomized trial was to compare changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk-factors, nutritional health, and body composition after 1-year weight-loss maintenance achieved by [D]diet, [E]knee-exercise, or [C]control, following weight loss by low-energy-diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obese individuals (n = 192, >50 years) with knee OA, 63 years (SD 6), weight 103.2 kg (15.0), body-mass index 37.3 kg/m(2) (4.8), were enrolled into a 68-week weight-loss trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean changes in weight, in D, E, and C were -11.0, -6.3, and -8.3 kg (P = 0.002). Reduction in waist circumference in D, E, and C were -8.4, -4.6, and -7.0 cm (P = 0.007). D reduced waist circumference significantly more than E: -3.8 cm (95%CI -6.2 to -1.4; P = 0.0024). There was no difference between the groups in changes in CVD risk factors; blood pressure, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Nutritional health was improved in all groups. For markers of bone, no statistical difference was found between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary support, or control, maintained improvements in cardiovascular risk factors to the same extent and none of the interventions had a detrimental effect on bone.
authors.affiliation: The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital at Frederiksberg, Copenhagen F, Denmark; Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Rikke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frederiksen
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bliddal
authors.forename: Birgit F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Riecke
authors.forename: Else M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.forename: Marius
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henriksen
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Juul-S Rensen
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gudbergsen
authors.forename: Kaj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Winther
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astrup
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Christensen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood*; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D014815:Vitamins