title: Influence of MDPB-containing primer on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation in simulated Class I restorations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the activity of a methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB)-containing self-etching primer (Clearfil Protect Bond) against Streptococcus mutans and its ability to reduce biofilm formation on standardized experimental Class I restorations in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty experimental Class I round restorations were prepared on enamel-dentin slabs using different adhesive strategies: group 1 = MDPB-containing adhesive system (Clearfil Protect Bond); group 2 = MDPB-free self-etching adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond); group 3: MDPB-containing self-etching primer in combination with a fluoride-free bonding agent; group 4: MDPB-free self-etching primer in combination with a fluoride-containing bonding agent; group 5: a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system (Adper Scotchbond Multi Purpose). A Streptococcus mutans biofilm was grown for 48 h on the restoration surfaces and subsequently evaluated using scanning electron microscopy on three different areas: enamel, composite, and interface surfaces. Statistical analysis was performed by multiple ANOVA after data transformation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Specimens in groups 2, 4 and 5 showed greater biofilm formation than those in groups 1 and 3 (p < 0.001) on all investigated substrates (enamel, composite, and interface areas).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specimens prepared with an MDPB-containing primer exhibited significant decreases in biofilm formation on Class I restorations in vitro. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to clarify the role of quaternary ammonium compounds in reducing bacterial biofilm formation on restoration surfaces.
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brambilla
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ionescu
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fadini
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazzoni
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imazato
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pashley
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Breschi
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gagliani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000145:classification; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000382:microbiology; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000145:classification; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000494:pharmacology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000494:pharmacology; D012463:Saliva / Q000502:physiology; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; C503075:Clearfil Protect Bond; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C515951:Filtek Supreme Plus; D008689:Methacrylates; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D019279:Resin Cements; C084018:Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; C089392:methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide; C069749:methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate; D012969:Sodium Fluoride