title: Phenolic compounds from Jacaranda caroba (Vell.) A. DC.: approaches to neurodegenerative disorders.
abstract: Diseases affecting the central nervous system are spread throughout the world. As so, more efficient and safe neuroprotective drugs are required. The present study describes, for the first time, the phenolic composition and bioactivity of Jacaranda caroba (Vell.) A. DC, a species whose infusion is consumed as traditional medicine. The HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n) analysis revealed the presence of four dicaffeoyl acid derivatives and nine flavonoids, comprising quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin derivatives. Twelve compounds are described for the first time in Jacaranda genus. Although isorhamnetin-3-O-rhmanoside-7,4'-di-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-(2-pentosyl)hexoside are the main metabolites in both aqueous and hydromethanolic extracts, qualitative and quantitative differences were found between them. Aqueous extract is richer in dicaffeoyl acid derivatives. Both extracts proved to be strong radicals' scavengers and effective monoamine-oxidase A inhibitors, but showed weak protection against cholinesterases' activity. The results highlight the value of J. caroba as a source of health-promoting antioxidants and antidepressant compounds.
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), PO Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. federico@cebas.csic.es
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferreres
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grosso
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil-Izquierdo
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valentão
authors.forename: Paula B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Andrade
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D029402:Bignoniaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D044949:Kaempferols / Q000032:analysis; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D044949:Kaempferols; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C047368:3-methylquercetin; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C006552:kaempferol; D011794:Quercetin