title: Beyond a man's world: contributions from considering gender in the study of bus drivers' work activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bus driving is a typically male occupation undergoing a process of feminization. Although men remain a majority, women's integration has raised some questions, namely, related to work organization or its impact on health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This paper focuses on the contributions of assuming a gender perspective in the analysis of the bus driving occupation and the conditions under which it is performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty female and 158 male bus drivers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative and quantitative approaches were combined. Ergonomic work analysis and individual interviews were used, as well as INSAT (Work and Health Questionnaire).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Difficulties inherent to the work activity were highlighted, in terms of working hours and management of "peripheral tasks", with implications for the balance between professional and personal life. These difficulties were reported differently by men and women, although both made themselves clear about the impact on their career and health.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taking gender into consideration has enabled an enrichment of the questions that guide the analysis of this work activity, and contributed to a new perspective on the work performed by this occupational group as well as a new approach to study the history of the transport industry by proposing as focus of analysis issues related to "gender mobility".
authors.affiliation: CPUP - Centro de Psicologia da Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal CEDH - Centro de Estudos em Desenvolvimento Humano, Faculdade de Educação e Psicologia, Centro Regional do Porto da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: CPUP - Centro de Psicologia da Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sónia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.affiliation: CPUP - Centro de Psicologia da Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lacomblez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001334:Automobile Driving; D002322:Career Mobility; D006804:Ergonomics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D016272:Occupational Health; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance
keywords: Typically male job; ergonomic work analysis; health; professional and personal life reconciliation; working hours