title: Differential sensitivities of glioblastoma cell lines towards metabolic and signaling pathway inhibitions.
abstract: In glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) pathway is known to promote aerobic glycolysis. The relative sensitivity of GBM towards PI3-K and metabolic inhibitors was examined in a panel of human GBM lines. We observed differential sensitivities towards oligomycin, an ATP synthase inhibitor that suppresses oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). GBMs that were sensitive to oligomycin have greater intrinsic oxygen consumption. They also failed to undergo adaptive glycolytic switches in response to oligomycin, as reflected in the failure to activate AMPKα. On the other hand, GBM lines that were less sensitive to oligomycin could be rendered non-viable when simultaneously treated with the glycolysis inhibitor, 2-Deoxyglucose (2DG). Furthermore, inhibiting either PI3-K pathway or glycolysis was effective in suppressing cell migration. Inhibiting OXPHOS alone did not have any significant effects on cell motility. However, both oligomycin and 2DG acted synergistically in suppressing cell migration. We conclude that while there was less synergy by the combined inhibition of PI3-K and glycolysis, the simultaneous targeting of glycolysis and OXPHOS is highly effective in blocking GBM tumorigenic phenotypes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, & BMT, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701, Watertown Plank Road, MFRC-6033, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Colin R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: Sarah B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Tilkens
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Justine A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Garner
authors.forename: Penelope M Y
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Or
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009840:Oligomycins / Q000494:pharmacology; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003847:Deoxyglucose; D009840:Oligomycins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors