title: Moderate to vigorous physical activity interactions with genetic variants and body mass index in a large US ethnically diverse cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the interaction between genetic and behavioural factors during lifecycle risk periods for obesity and how associations vary across race/ethnicity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to examine joint associations of adiposity-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with body mass index (BMI) in a diverse adolescent cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n = 8113: Wave II 1996; ages 12-21, Wave III; ages 18-27), we assessed interactions of 41 well-established SNPs and MVPA with BMI-for-age Z-scores in European Americans (EA; n = 5077), African-Americans (AA; n = 1736) and Hispanic Americans (HA; n = 1300).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 97 assessed, we found nominally significant SNP-MVPA interactions on BMI-for-age Z-score in EA at GNPDA2 and FTO and in HA at LZTR2/SEC16B. In EA, the estimated effect of the FTO risk allele on BMI-for-age Z-score was lower (β = -0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08, 0.18) in individuals with ≥5 vs. <5 (β = 0.24; CI: 0.16, 0.32) bouts of MVPA per week (P for interaction 0.02). Race/ethnicity-pooled meta-analysis showed nominally significant interactions for SNPs at TFAP2B, POC5 and LYPLAL1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High MVPA may attenuate underlying genetic risk for obesity during adolescence, a high-risk period for adult obesity.
authors.affiliation: Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: North
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graff
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Mohlke
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gordon-Larsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063588:National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human
keywords: Adolescence; BMI; genetics; race/ethnicity