title: Various musculoskeletal manifestations of chronic renal insufficiency.
abstract: Musculoskeletal manifestations in chronic renal insufficiency are caused by complex bone metabolism alterations, now described under the umbrella term of chronic kidney disease mineral- and bone-related disorder (CKD-MBD), as well as iatrogenic processes related to renal replacement treatment. Radiological imaging remains the mainstay of disease assessment. This review aims to illustrate the radiological features of CKD-MBD, such as secondary hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, adynamic bone disease, soft-tissue calcifications; as well as features associated with renal replacement therapy, such as aluminium toxicity, secondary amyloidosis, destructive spondyloarthropathy, haemodialysis-related erosive arthropathy, tendon rupture, osteonecrosis, and infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. drcylim@gmail.com
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Ong
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D011859:Radiography; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging