title: Effect of kai xin san on learning and memory in a rat model of paradoxical sleep deprivation.
abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of kai xin san (KXS, at doses of 500, 250, and 125 mg/kg body weight per day), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, on learning and memory in paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD)-induced cognition deficit rats. Two behavior tests (the Open Field test and the Morris water maze task) were used for testing the effects of KXS on a PSD-induced learning and memory deficit model. Furthermore, its effect on the glutamic acid (GLU) and γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) levels in the brain tissue, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB), and phosphorylated-CREB (p-CREB) expression in the hippocampus was also tested. KXS exerted the greatest cognition against the 48 h PSD-induced cognitive deficit and these effects may be mediated by decreasing the GLU and GABA levels and increasing the levels of BDNF, CREB, and p-CREB. This study indicates that the effect of KXS on learning and memory in a rat model of PSD could be associated with the modulation of neurotransmitter levels and the expression of some genes in the brain that contribute to memory functions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Juan-Juan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Ming-Yue
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gang-Qiang
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao-Jiang
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Bing-Ying
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015870:Gene Expression; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D012895:Sleep, REM; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C000605449:Kai-Xin-San; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid