title: Auto-calibration approach for k-t SENSE.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this work is to increase the spatial resolution of training data, used by reconstruction methods such as k-t SENSE in order to calculate the missing data in a series of dynamic images, without compromising their temporal resolution or acquisition time.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The k-t SENSE method allows dynamic imaging at high acceleration factors with high reconstruction quality. However, the low resolution training data required by k-t SENSE may cause undesired temporal filtering effects in the reconstructed images.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this work, a feedback regularization approach is applied to realize auto-calibration of the k-t SENSE algorithm. To that end, a full resolution training data set is calculated from the accelerated data itself using a TSENSE reconstruction. The reconstructed training data are then fed back for the actual k-t SENSE reconstruction. For evaluation of our approach, temporal filtering effects are quantified by calculating the modulation transfer function and noise measurements are done by Monte-Carlo simulations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Computer simulations and cardiac imaging experiments demonstrate an improved temporal fidelity of auto-calibrated k-t SENSE compared to standard k-t SENSE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Auto-calibrated k-t SENSE provides high quality reconstructions for dynamic imaging applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Irene P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Ponce
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blaimer
authors.forename: Felix A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Breuer
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Griswold
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Jakob
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kellman
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002138:Calibration; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D038622:Internationality; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity