title: CD3+CD56+natural killer T cells in fibromyalgia syndrome patients: association with the intensity of depression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients have multiple symptoms, including mental symptoms such as depression. Natural killer T (NKT) cells have shown to be correlated with depression. However, up to now there is no information regarding the role of CD3+CD56+NKT cells in FMS patients, especially in the intensity of mental symptoms. The present study aimed to observe the role of CD3+CD56+NKT cells level in FMS patients in relation to the intensity of depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six female patients who matched definition of FMS were divided into subgroups of depressions according to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score (HADS-Depression <8; 8-10; and >10). CD3+CD56+NKT cells from peripheral blood were measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ANOVA test in the subgroup of depression of FMS patient showed significant differences. Additionally, the differences were observed in HADSD <8 and >10. The use of antidepressant significantly altered the level of CD3+CD56+NKT cells. A blocking variable ANCOVA with antidepressant as covariate showed main effects in the subgroup of depression, however, the interaction of antidepressant and the subgroup of depression did not influence the level of CD3+CD56+NKT cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that CD3+CD56+NKT cells could play a role as a mediator in mental symptom such as depression in FMS patients. It seems the role of antidepressant in the mood intensity is not mediated by CD3+CD56+NKT cells in FMS patients. Additionally, subgrouping FMS patients based on the intensity of mental symptoms may help to optimise the treatments.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. nugraha.boya@mh-hannover.de.
authors.forename: Boya
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nugraha
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Korallus
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kielstein
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gutenbrunner
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000097:blood*; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D003863:Depression / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000523:psychology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D055611:Natural Killer T-Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D017252:CD3 Complex; D019002:CD56 Antigen; C522918:NCAM1 protein, human