title: Cigarette smoking and tuberculosis in Cambodia: findings from a national sample.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cambodia has very high rates of tuberculosis and smoked tobacco use among adults. Efforts to control both tobacco use and tuberculosis in Cambodia need to be informed by nationally representative data. Our objective is to examine the relation between daily cigarette smoking and lifetime tuberculosis (TB) history in a national sample of adults in Cambodia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2011, a multi-stage, cluster sample of 15,615 adults (ages 15 years and older) from all regions of Cambodia were administered the Global Adult Tobacco Survey by interviewers from the National Institute of Statistics of Cambodia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our findings include: 1) among daily smokers, a significant positive relation between TB and number of cigarettes smoked per day (OR = 1.70 [95% CI 1.01, 2.87]) and pack-years of smoking (OR = 1.53 [95% CI 1.05, 2.25]) 2) a non-significant 58% increase in odds of ever having being diagnosed with TB among men who smoked manufactured cigarettes (OR = 1.58 [95% CI 0.97, 2.58]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Cambodia, manufactured cigarette smoking was associated with lifetime TB infection and the association was most evident among the heaviest smokers (> 1 pack per day, > 30 pack years).
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Research, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. psingh@llu.edu.
authors.forename: Pramil N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Daravuth
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yel
authors.forename: They
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kheam
authors.forename: Glorietta
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hurd
authors.forename: Jayakaran S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Job
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