title: In vitro assessment of the cytotoxic, apoptotic, and mutagenic potentials of isatin.
abstract: Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) is a chemical found in various medicinal plant species and responsible for a broad spectrum of pharmacological and biological properties that may be beneficial to human health, as an anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer agent. The aim of the present study was to determine in vitro the cytotoxic, mutagenic, and apoptotic effects of isatin on CHO-K1 and HeLa cells using the MTT viability assay (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide), micronucleus (MN) test, apoptosis index, and nuclear division index (NDI). The 5 isatin concentrations evaluated in the mutagenicity and apoptosis tests were 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 50 μM, selected through a preliminary MTT assay. Positive (doxorubicin, DXR) and negative (phosphate buffered saline, PBS) control groups were also included in the analysis. Isatin did not exert a mutagenic effect on CHO-K1 after 3 and 24 h of treatment or on HeLa cells after 24 h. However, 10 and 50 μM concentrations inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in both CHO-K1 and HeLa cells. Data indicate that the cytotoxic, apoptotic, and antiproliferative effects of isatin were concentration independent and cell line independent.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila de Matos
authors.initials: Pde M
authors.lastname: Cândido-Bacani
authors.forename: Mateus Prates
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Tamara Regina
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: Wagner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vilegas
authors.forename: Eliana Aparecida
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Varanda
authors.forename: Ilce Mara de Syllos
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Cólus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016466:CHO Cells; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007510:Isatin / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity*; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced; D015162:Micronucleus Tests / Q000379:methods; D009153:Mutagens / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D007510:Isatin; C022616:thiazolyl blue