title: Protection from antimycin A-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by Nelumbo nucifera seed extracts.
abstract: Antimycin A (AMA) damages the mitochondria through inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport. In this study, exposure of L6 rat skeletal muscle cells to AMA induced a decrease in ATP content, followed by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to apoptosis. We evaluated the protective effects of water and ethanol extracts of Nelumbo nucifera seeds on L6 cells with AMA-induced oxidative stress. We found that the extracts reduced cellular apoptosis; preserved the mitochondrial membrane potential; protected mitochondrial ATP production; inhibited p53, Bax, and caspase 3 activities; and induced Bcl-2 production. Our results suggested that AMA induced apoptosis in L6 cells via impairment of mitochondrial function. N. nucifera extracts protected the cells from this mitochondria-mediated cell death.
authors.affiliation: Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, South Korea.
authors.forename: A-Rang
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Young-Hwa
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Md Romij
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Uddin
authors.forename: Seong Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Hye Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Woo Suk
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Yun Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bong Ju
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Yeong Shik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000968:Antimycin A / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D031653:Nelumbo; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000968:Antimycin A; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate