title: In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Lentinus polychrous extract.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lentinus polychrous is a Thai local edible mushroom, traditionally used for the treatments of fever and inflammation due to snake or scorpion envenomation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to investigate an anti-inflammatory effect of Lentinus polychrous mycelial extract (LPME) both in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cytotoxicity and suppressive effects of LPME on nitric oxide production, intracellular O2(-) production, pro-inflammatory mediator expression, TNF-α production were determined by using LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, Anti-inflammatory effect of LPME was evaluated by using carageenan-induced paw edema in rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LPME exhibited cytotoxicity with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 280.25 ± 10.10 μg/ml and significantly suppressed the productions of NO and intracellular O2(-) with dose-dependent manner. LPME decreased the expressions of iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and COX-2 and significantly decreased the TNF-α production in LPS-activated macrophage with dose-dependent manners. Moreover, LPME showed significant suppressive effect on paw edema in rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results clearly revealed that the LPME inhibited NO and pro-inflammatory productions by down-regulating the gene expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators leading to the decrease paw edema in rat which support the traditional use.
authors.affiliation: Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Niramai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fangkrathok
authors.forename: Jintana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Junlatat
authors.forename: Bungorn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sripanidkulchai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000235:genetics; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D020074:Lentinula; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002351:Carrageenan; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse