title: Yerba mate tea and mate saponins prevented azoxymethane-induced inflammation of rat colon through suppression of NF-κB p65ser(311) signaling via IκB-α and GSK-3β reduced phosphorylation.
abstract: Yerba mate tea (YMT) has a chemopreventive role in a variety of inflammatory diseases. The objective was to determine the capability of YMT and mate saponins to prevent azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic inflammation in rats. YMT (2% dry leaves, w/v, as a source of drinking fluid) (n = 15) and mate saponins (0.01% in the diet, at a concentration present in one cup of YMT) (n = 15) were given ad libitum to rats 2 weeks prior to AOM-injection until the end of the study; while control rats (n = 15) received a basal diet and drinking water. After 8-weeks of study, total colonic mucosa was scraped (n = 3 rats/group) and the remaining colons (n =12 rats/group) were cut into three equal sections and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were analyzed. YMT reduced ACF formation from 113 (control group) to 89 (P < 0.05). YMT and mate saponins reduced the expression of proinflammatory molecules COX-2 and iNOS with concomitant reduction in p-p65 (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis of the formalin-fixed middle colons showed that YMT and mate saponins reduced the expression of p-p65(ser311) by 45.7% and 43.1%, respectively, in comparison to the control (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression of molecules upstream of NF-κB such as p-IκB-α and p-GSK-3β(Y216) was downregulated by YMT 24.7% and 24.4%, respectively (P < 0.05). Results suggest the mechanism involved in the chemopreventive effect of YMT and mate saponin consumption in AOM induced-colonic inflammation in rats is through inhibition of NF-κB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Payathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sirima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puangpraphant
authors.forename: Vermont P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Dia
authors.forename: Elvira Gonzalez
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: de Mejia
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Berhow
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wallig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001397:Azoxymethane; D001628:Beverages; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D030019:Ilex paraguariensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D029543:Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C000606206:Nfkbia protein, rat; D029543:Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D012503:Saponins; C063447:p65 oncofetal mRNA transport protein, rat; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; C000605508:Gsk3b protein, rat; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D001397:Azoxymethane
keywords: NF-κB signaling; Yerba mate; colon cancer; inflammation; mate saponins