title: Development and evaluation of a low-erosive apple juice drink with Phosphoryl-Oligosaccharides of Calcium.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of Phosphoryl-Oligosaccharides of Calcium (POs-Ca) added to apple juice on enamel erosion. Five juices were prepared by adding 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% or 2% POs-Ca to commercial apple juice, and subjected to Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) taste evaluation and pH and calcium/inorganic-phosphates analyses. To evaluate erosion, polished bovine enamel blocks were immersed in each juice for 5 or 60 min (n=20). Enamel surface loss (SL) and roughness (Ra) were also analyzed. VAS indicated acceptable taste for juices containing up to 1% POs-Ca. POs-Ca addition resulted in increased pH (3.61-3.88), calcium (0.95-25.10 mM), and inorganic-phosphate (1.77-20.44 mM). After 5 min, 0% juice resulted in significant erosion (p<0.05). However even after 60 min, no significant increase was found in Ra and SL compared to water (control) for 1.5-2% juices (p>0.05). Addition of 1-1.5% POs-Ca could significantly reduce enamel erosion by apple juice maintaining an acceptable taste.
authors.affiliation: Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mita
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitasako
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takagaki
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sadr
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tagami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005638:Fruit; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007101:Immersion; D027845:Malus; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D013649:Taste / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010710:Phosphates; D014867:Water; D002118:Calcium