title: Benzo[a]pyrene decreases global and gene specific DNA methylation during zebrafish development.
abstract: DNA methylation is important for gene regulation and is vulnerable to early-life exposure to environmental contaminants. We found that direct waterborne benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) exposure at 24μg/L from 2.5 to 96hpf to zebrafish embryos significantly decreased global cytosine methylation by 44.8% and promoter methylation in vasa by 17%. Consequently, vasa expression was significantly increased by 33%. In contrast, BaP exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations did not change CpG island methylation or gene expression in cancer genes such as ras-association domain family member 1 (rassf1), telomerase reverse transcriptase (tert), c-jun, and c-myca. Similarly, BaP did not change gene expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (dnmt1) and glycine N-methyltransferase (gnmt). While total DNMT activity was not affected, GNMT enzyme activity was moderately increased. In summary, BaP is an epigenetic modifier for global and gene specific DNA methylation status in zebrafish larvae.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology Research Program, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States.
authors.forename: Xiefan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Cammi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.forename: Brian E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Scheffler
authors.forename: Kristine L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Willett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000633:toxicity*; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects*; D050938:Glycine N-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013723:Teratogens; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D050938:Glycine N-Methyltransferase; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases; C514253:Dnmt1 protein, zebrafish; C498289:ddx4 protein, zebrafish; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases
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