title: Postreplicative mismatch repair.
abstract: The mismatch repair (MMR) system detects non-Watson-Crick base pairs and strand misalignments arising during DNA replication and mediates their removal by catalyzing excision of the mispair-containing tract of nascent DNA and its error-free resynthesis. In this way, MMR improves the fidelity of replication by several orders of magnitude. It also addresses mispairs and strand misalignments arising during recombination and prevents synapses between nonidentical DNA sequences. Unsurprisingly, MMR malfunction brings about genomic instability that leads to cancer in mammals. But MMR proteins have recently been implicated also in other processes of DNA metabolism, such as DNA damage signaling, antibody diversification, and repair of interstrand cross-links and oxidative DNA damage, in which their functions remain to be elucidated. This article reviews the progress in our understanding of the mechanism of replication error repair made during the past decade.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland. jiricny@imcr.uzh.ch
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiricny
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D053843:DNA Mismatch Repair; D004260:DNA Repair; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051719:MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D004247:DNA; D051719:MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein; C497175:MutS protein, E coli
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