title: Fibromuscular dysplasia of the lower extremities.
abstract: Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a nonatherosclerotic, non-inflammatory vascular disease that mainly affects the renal and internal carotid arteries. Involvement of other sites, including arteries of the extremities, is uncommon, and only a few histologically confirmed cases have been reported. FMD of the arteries of the extremities can result in ischemia requiring surgical or endovascular reconstruction. In the present report, two cases of FMD are described: one case of femoropopliteal artery occlusive disease, and one case of nonsymptomatic progression of external iliac artery dissection, both with histological confirmation of FMD. Clinical presentation, treatment, outcome and histological findings of previously reported cases are reviewed. FMD should be considered as a cause of occlusion, stenosis, dissection or aneurysm of the peripheral arteries: although rare, it can lead to limb-threatening ischemia or life-threatening aneurysm rupture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guntani
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Ryoichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kyuragi
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kawakubo
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maehara
keywords: aneurysm; dissection; extremity; femoral artery; fibromuscular dysplasia; iliac artery
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