title: Defatted milk is preferred by Mexican school-age children over whole milk in a sensorial study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the liking, flavor and texture of whole, partially defatted and defatted cow's milk using sensory tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children aged 6-16 years, living in indigenous boarding schools in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico, tested samples of whole, partially defatted and defatted cow's milk and answered a questionnaire that explored liking, flavor and texture through ad hoc designed scales. The differences in response proportions were analyzed by χ² tests and multinomial logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tests were completed by 165 children (79 girls and 86 boys). Rated by habitual consumers of whole, partially defatted and defatted milk, liking (70.6-77.8%, liked it very much), flavor (72.5-77.8%, very tasteful) and texture (41.3-54.9%, not creamy or watery) were better rated for defatted than for whole milk [liking (19.6-29.4%, p < 0.001, liked it very much), flavor (19.6-39.7%, p < 0.001, very tasty) and texture (27.5-39.2%, p < 0.05, not creamy or watery)]. The global preference was higher for defatted (74.5-81.0%) than for whole milk (6.3-15.7%, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Defatted milk (0.5%) can be introduced into public programs to reduce the saturated fat intake or control obesity in children older than 6 years in elementary schools.
authors.affiliation: Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
authors.forename: Yaveth
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lara-Zamudio
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Villalpando
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shamah-Levy
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mundo-Rosas
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Contreras-Manzano
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lamadrid-Figueroa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted / Q000208:ethnology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D012677:Sensation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013649:Taste