title: Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Periodontal disease (PD) is one of the most commonly known human chronic disorders. The relationship between PD and several systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM) has been increasingly recognized over the past decades.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with knowledge concerning the relationship between PD and DM. Many articles have been published in the English and Portuguese literature over the last 50 years examining the relationship between these two chronic diseases. Data interpretation is often confounded by varying definitions of DM, PD and different clinical criteria were applied to determine the prevalence, extent and severity of PD, levels of glycemic control and diabetes-related complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  This paper provides a broad overview of the predominant findings from research conducted using the BBO (Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia), MEDLINE, LILACS and PubMed for Controlled Trials databases, in English and Portuguese languages published from 1960 to October 2012. Primary research reports on investigations of relationships between DM/DM control, PD/periodontal treatment and PD/DM/diabetes-related complications identified relevant papers and meta-analyses published in this period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This paper describes the relationship between PD and DM and answers the following questions: 1- The effect of DM on PD, 2- The effects of glycemic control on PD and 3- The effects of PD on glycemic control and on diabetes-related complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The scientific evidence reviewed supports diabetes having an adverse effect on periodontal health and PD having an adverse effect on glycemic control and on diabetes-related complications. Further research is needed to clarify these relationships and larger, prospective, controlled trials with ethnically diverse populations are warranted to establish that treating PD can positively influence glycemic control and possibly reduce the burden of diabetes-related complications.
authors.affiliation: Research Support Center, Diabetics Association of Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Antonio
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Negrato
authors.forename: Olinda
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tarzia
authors.forename: Lois
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jovanovič
authors.forename: Luiz Eduardo Montenegro
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Chinellato
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
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