title: Putting evidence into nursing practice: four traditional practices not supported by the evidence.
abstract: Evidence-based nursing practice is essential to the delivery of high-quality care that optimizes patients' outcomes. Studies continue to show improved outcomes when best evidence is used in the delivery of patient care. Despite awareness of the importance of practicing by using best evidence, achieving and sustaining evidence-based practice within practice environments can be challenging, and research suggests that integration of evidence-based practice into daily clinical practice remains inconsistent. This article addresses 4 practice issues that, first, are within the realm of nursing and if changed might improve care of patients and, second, are areas in which the tradition and the evidence do not agree and practice continues to follow tradition. The topics addressed are (1) noninvasive measurement of blood pressure in children, (2) oxygen administration for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, (3) intravenous catheter size and blood administration, and (4) infection control practices to prevent infections. The related beliefs, current evidence, and recommendations for practice related to each topic are described.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado, College of Nursing, Aurora, CO, USA. marybeth.makic@uch.edu
authors.forename: Mary Beth Flynn
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Makic
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Dinah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Philbrick
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rauen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000451:nursing*; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000451:nursing*; D057785:Catheters / Q000592:standards; D002648:Child; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000451:nursing*; D055318:Evidence-Based Nursing; D006801:Humans; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000451:nursing*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000451:nursing* / Q000628:therapy