title: Intravitreal ganciclovir for neonatal cytomegalovirus-associated retinitis: a case report.
abstract: Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major cause of birth defects and childhood disorders in the United States. Retinitis occurs in 25% of infants with severely symptomatic congenital CMV and in ∼1% of asymptomatic infants. Intravitreal ganciclovir is recommended in adults with CMV retinitis (CMVR) refractory or noncompliant to intravenous therapy. No literature is available discussing the use of intravitreal ganciclovir for CMVR in neonates. We report a term neonate who received intravenous and intravitreal ganciclovir for treatment of CMVR. Three doses of intravitreal ganciclovir (2 mg per dose in each eye) were administered. Intravitreal injections of ganciclovir appeared to be well tolerated and improvement of the retinitis was appreciated. Intravitreal ganciclovir is an effective treatment of CMVR in adult acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. We report one case of intravitreal ganciclovir in a term neonate with promising results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA. aoschman@cmh.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oschman
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kollipara
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kenneth Lord
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oluola
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017726:Cytomegalovirus Retinitis / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography / Q000379:methods; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D058449:Intravitreal Injections / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015774:Ganciclovir