title: Telocytes: new insight into the pathogenesis of gallstone disease.
abstract: The major mechanisms of gallstone formation include biliary cholesterol hypersecretion, supersaturation and crystallization, mucus hypersecretion, gel formation and bile stasis. Gallbladder hypomotility seems to be a key event that triggers the precipitation of cholesterol microcrystals from supersaturated lithogenic bile. Telocytes, a new type of interstitial cells, have been recently identified in many organs, including gallbladder. Considering telocyte functions, it is presumed that these cells might be involved in the signalling processes. The purpose of this study was to correlate the quantity of telocytes in the gallbladder with the lithogenicity of bile. Gallbladder specimens were collected from 24 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstone disease. The control group consisted of 25 consecutive patients who received elective treatment for pancreatic head tumours. Telocytes were visualized in paraffin sections of gallbladders with double immunofluorescence using primary antibodies against c-Kit (anti-CD117) and anti-mast cell tryptase. Cholesterol, phospholipid and bile acid levels were measured in gallbladder bile. The number of telocytes in the gallbladder wall was significantly lower in the study group than that in the control group (3.03 ± 1.43 versus 6.34 ± 1.66 cell/field of view in the muscularis propria, P < 0.001) and correlated with a significant increase in the cholesterol saturation index. The glycocholic and taurocholic acid levels were significantly elevated in the control subjects compared with the study group. The results suggest that bile composition may play an important role in the reduction in telocytes density in the gallbladder.
authors.affiliation: First Department of General, Oncological and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matyja
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasternak
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sztefko
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gajda
authors.forename: Krzysztof A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Tomaszewski
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matyja
authors.forename: Jerzy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Walocha
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kulig
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002452:Cell Count; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D042882:Gallstones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006000:Glycocholic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology; D013656:Taurocholic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D053802:Tryptases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D002784:Cholesterol; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D053802:Tryptases; D006000:Glycocholic Acid
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