title: Endoscopic intranasal surgery for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction--a new approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction can be treated with a spectrum of techniques, starting with conservative massage to more invasive dacryocystorhinostomy. There has been controversy regarding the optimal treatment procedure. We introduced a unique technique to treat congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and analyzed its success rate and complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective study, we introduced the results of our technique. This technique consisted of endoscope guided inspection of the Hasner valve area, trial of irrigation, incision of the imperforate Hasner valve and irrigation again. If these maneuvers were not effective, more invasive procedure, probing under endoscopic control was done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  48 children (55 eyes) were included in the study. Complete improvement was achieved in 51/55 eyes (92.72% success rate). We did not encounter any early or late complication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The great majority of the congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction stem from Hasner valve area pathologies. The endoscopic intervention of this area is very effective and safe way of treatment. This technique should be added to the armamentarium of the congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ordu University Medical School, Ordu, Turkey. hakankorkmaz@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Mukadder
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Refika Hande
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Karakahya
authors.forename: Mahmut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serhatlı
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000151:congenital*; D008297:Male; D059747:Nasal Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome