title: Retailer adherence to Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, North Carolina, 2011.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act regulates the sales and marketing of tobacco products in the United States; poor adherence by tobacco retailers may reduce the effectiveness of the Act's provisions. The objectives of this study were 1) to assess whether and to which provisions retailers were adherent and 2) to examine differences in adherence by county, retailer neighborhood, and retailer characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted multivariate analysis of tobacco retailers' adherence to 12 point-of-sale provisions of the Tobacco Control Act in 3 North Carolina counties. We conducted observational audits of 324 retailers during 3 months in 2011 to assess adherence. We used logistic regression to assess associations between adherence to provisions and characteristics of each county, retailer neighborhood, and retailer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 15.7% of retailers did not adhere to at least 1 provision; 84.3% adhered to all provisions. The provisions most frequently violated were the ban on sales of cigarettes with modified-risk labels (eg, "light" cigarettes) (43 [13.3%] retailers nonadherent) and the ban on self-service for cigarettes and smokeless tobacco (6 [1.9%] retailers nonadherent). We found significant differences in rates of nonadherence by county and type of retailer. Pharmacies and drug stores were more than 3 times as likely as grocery stores to be nonadherent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most tobacco retailers have implemented regulatory changes without enforcement by the US Food and Drug Administration. Monitoring rates of adherence by store type and locale (eg, county) may help retailers comply with point-of-sale provisions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440, USA. rosesw@email.unc.edu
authors.forename: Shyanika W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Allison E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: D'Angelo
authors.forename: Kurt M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ribisl
mesh_terms: D003132:Commerce; D005192:Family Health; D006801:Humans; D009657:North Carolina; D012907:Smoking / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D019460:Tobacco Industry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D062789:Tobacco Products
references.citation: J Ethn Subst Abuse. 2010;9(4):249-59
references.pmid: 21161808
references.citation: J Community Health. 2012 Oct;37(5):963-7
references.pmid: 22197961
references.citation: Am J Public Health. 1997 May;87(5):823-6
references.pmid: 9184513
references.citation: Am J Pharm Educ. 2008 Jun 15;72(3):57
references.pmid: 18698393
references.citation: J Urban Health. 2007 Jan;84(1):21-31
references.pmid: 17146710
references.citation: Prev Med. 2005 Jan;40(1):16-22
references.pmid: 15530576
references.citation: Can J Public Health. 2008 May-Jun;99(3):166-71
references.pmid: 18615934
references.citation: Tob Control. 2001 Jun;10(2):184-8
references.pmid: 11387542
references.citation: Public Health Rep. 2009 Jul-Aug;124(4):535-40
references.pmid: 19618790
references.citation: Public Health Rep. 2007 Sep-Oct;122(5):607-15
references.pmid: 17877308
references.citation: JAMA. 2008 Sep 24;300(12):1451-3
references.pmid: 18812536
references.citation: Am J Public Health. 2003 Oct;93(10):1655-71
references.pmid: 14534218
references.citation: Prev Sci. 2005 Dec;6(4):319-25
references.pmid: 16163568
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Jul;14(7):880-4
references.pmid: 22318692
references.citation: Am J Health Promot. 2010 Jul-Aug;24(6):e26-31
references.pmid: 20594091
references.citation: Tob Control. 2010 Jun;19(3):256-8
references.pmid: 20395407
references.citation: Public Health. 2010 Jul;124(7):412-6
references.pmid: 20541232
references.citation: Am J Prev Med. 2009 Apr;36(4 Suppl):S134-44
references.pmid: 19285204
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Jan;14(1):116-21
references.pmid: 21705460
references.citation: Health Place. 2009 Mar;15(1):140-7
references.pmid: 18482856