title: Microbial production of fatty acid-derived fuels and chemicals.
abstract: Fatty acid metabolism is an attractive route to produce liquid transportation fuels and commodity oleochemicals from renewable feedstocks. Recently, genes and enzymes, which comprise metabolic pathways for producing fatty acid-derived compounds (e.g. esters, alkanes, olefins, ketones, alcohols, polyesters) have been elucidated and used in engineered microbial hosts. The resulting strains often generate products at low percentages of maximum theoretical yields, leaving significant room for metabolic engineering. Economically viable processes will require strains to approach theoretical yields, particularly for replacement of petroleum-derived fuels. This review will describe recent progress toward this goal, highlighting the scientific discoveries of each pathway, ongoing biochemical studies to understand each enzyme, and metabolic engineering strategies that are being used to improve strain performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Room 3629, Madison, WI 53706, United States; U.S. Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lennen
authors.forename: Brian F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Pfleger
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels / Q000600:supply & distribution; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D060847:Metabolic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000235:genetics; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009930:Organic Chemicals
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