title: Nanophase hydroxyapatite as a biomaterial in advanced hard tissue engineering: a review.
abstract: Hydroxyapatite is a biocompatible material that is extensively used in the replacement and regeneration of bone material. In nature, nanostructured hydroxyapatite is the main component present in hard body tissues. Hence, the state of the art in nanotechnology can be exploited to synthesize nanophase hydroxyapatite that has similar properties with natural hydroxyapatite. Sustainable methods to mass-produce synthetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are being developed to meet the increasing demand for these materials and to further develop the progress made in hard tissue regeneration, especially for orthopedic and dental applications. This article reviews the current developments in nanophase hydroxyapatite through various manufacturing techniques and modifications.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, University Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siti Maisurah
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.forename: Sharif Hussein
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sharif Zein
authors.forename: Mohd Roslee
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Othman
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D017886:Durapatite