title: Genomic sequence analysis of the United States infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine strains chicken embryo origin (CEO) and tissue culture origin (TCO).
abstract: The genomic sequences of low and high passages of the United States infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) vaccine strains CEO and TCO were determined using hybrid next generation sequencing in order to define genomic changes associated with attenuation and reversion to virulence. Phylogenetic analysis of available full genomes grouped strains into three major clades: TCO, CEO, and Australian. Comparative genomics revealed that TCO attenuation is likely the result of an ORF C truncation. Genes involved in attenuation are generally clade-specific, however four genes ORF C, UL27, UL28 and UL39 commonly contained various mutations across the CEO and TCO lineages. The Thr644 mutation in the UL27 gene encoding glycoprotein B was identified in all virulent US strains. The US10 gene was identified as a potential virulence factor for the TCO revertant 81658. The UL41 gene was responsible for the robust gain in virulence of CEO-Fowl Laryngotracheitis(®) after 20 passages in chickens.
authors.affiliation: Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 953 College Station Road, Athens, GA, USA. mcgarcia@uga.edu
authors.forename: Maricarmen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Volkening
authors.forename: Sylva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riblet
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spatz
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D005787:Gene Frequency; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D025921:Iltovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012692:Serial Passage; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014481:United States; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000235:genetics; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines