title: Selection pressure and founder effects constrain genetic variation in differentiated populations of soilborne bymovirus Wheat yellow mosaic virus (Potyviridae) in China.
abstract: To study the population genetic structure and forces driving the evolution of Wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV), the nucleotide sequences encoding the coat protein (CP) (297 sequences) or the genome-linked virion protein (VPg) (87 sequences) were determined from wheat plants growing at 11 different locations distributed in five provinces in China. There were close phylogenetic relationships between all sequences but clustering on the phylogenetic trees was congruent with their provenance, suggesting an origin-dependent population genetic structure. There were low levels of genetic diversity, ranging from 0.00035 ± 0.00019 to 0.01536 ± 0.00043 (CP), and 0.00086 ± 0.00039 to 0.00573 ± 0.00111 (VPg), indicating genetic stability or recent emergence of WYMV in China. The results may suggest that founder effects play a role in shaping the genetic structure of WYMV. Between-population diversity was consistently higher than within-population diversity, suggesting limited gene flow between subpopulations (average FST 0.6241 for the CP and 0.7981 for the VPg). Consistent amino acid substitutions correlated with the provenance of the sequences were observed at nine positions in the CP (but none in the VPg), indicating an advanced stage in population structuring. Strong negative (purifying) selection was implicated on both the CP and VPg but positive selection on a few codons in the CP, indicating an ongoing molecular adaptation.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MoA Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
authors.forename: B-J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: L-Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tugume
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: L-H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002681:China; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D018703:Founder Effect; D040342:Genetic Structures; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005843:Geography; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology; D019176:Potyviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D014908:Triticum / Q000821:virology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins