title: The prevalence of insomnia and its socio-demographic and clinical correlates in older adults in rural China: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence of insomnia (DIS: difficulty initiating sleep; DMS: difficulty maintaining sleep; and EMA: early morning awakening), its socio-demographic and clinical correlates, and the treatment patterns in older adults in rural China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 263 subjects was recruited in Mianyang and interviewed using standardized instruments. Basic socio-demographic and clinical data were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expected mean total sleep time (TST) of the whole sample was 6.8 ± 2.2 hours, and the actual mean TST was 6.3 ± 2.1 hours. The 1-year prevalence of at least one type of insomnia was 7.6%; the rates of DIS, DMS, and EMA were 5.7%, 7.2%, and 6.8%, respectively. On multivariate analyses, female sex and psychiatric disorders were independently associated with more frequent insomnia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insomnia is not uncommon in older adults in rural China, and the low percentage of subjects treated suggests that improved access to treatment might be indicated.
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Helen F K
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Yu-Tao
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Sandra S M
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Zai-Jin
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Gabor S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Ungvari
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Caine
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population; D012737:Sex Factors; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires