title: Lipocalin-2 is associated with a good prognosis and reversing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lipocalin-2 is a multifaceted modulator in cancer progression. Its clinical significance is not clear in pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether lipocalin-2 is associated with good prognosis by reversing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lipocalin-2, E-cadherin, or vimentin expression was detected in 60 pancreatic adenocarcinoma specimens. Correlations between lipocalin-2 expression and EMT, the clinicopathologic characteristics, and prognosis were investigated. Whether pancreatic cancer cells' migration and invasion (some characteristics of EMT) were affected by lipocalin-2 was also explored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High lipocalin-2 expression was significantly associated with a good prognosis in pancreatic cancer (p < 0.05). Overexpression of lipocalin-2 correlated with a lower extent of EMT (p < 0.05), increased E-cadherin expression (p < 0.05), decreased vimentin expression (p < 0.05), and reduced cancer cell migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lipocalin-2 may be considered an epithelial inducer, which may reverse EMT and predict a good prognosis in pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China. pfdbs1@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Da-Yong
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Wen-Hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Dan-Song
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins
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