title: A systematic review on micronutrient intake adequacy in adult minority populations residing in Europe: the need for action.
abstract: This systematic review evaluated micronutrient intake inadequacy of ten micronutrients for adult ethnic minority populations residing in Europe. Pubmed was searched for studies, related references were checked and experts consulted. Ten studies were identified and six were included in the final analysis representing Albanian, Roma, Sub-Saharan African, South Asian and African-Caribbean minority groups. The Estimated Average Requirement cut point was applied to estimate inadequate intake. With the exception of a sub-Saharan African study, of seven micronutrients analysed, inadequate intakes were markedly elevated (>50 % of the population in most cases) in both genders for folate, vitamin B(12), calcium and iron (the latter in females only). A pressing need exists for intake adequacy studies with sound methodologies addressing ethnic minority groups in Europe. These populations constitute a vulnerable population for inadequate intakes and results substantiate the need for further investigation, interventions and policy measures to reduce their nutritional risk.
authors.affiliation: Community Nutrition Research Centre of the Nutrition Research Foundation, University of Barcelona Science Park, C/ Baldiri i Reixac, 4-8, 08028, Barcelona, Spain, nutricom@fin.pcb.ub.es.
authors.forename: Joy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roman-Viñas
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ribas-Barba
authors.forename: Mana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golsorkhi
authors.forename: Marisol Wharthon
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Geertruida E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Bekkering
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gurinovic
authors.forename: Romana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Novakovic
authors.forename: Adriënne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavelaars
authors.forename: Lisette C P G M
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.forename: Lluis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Serra-Majem
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000172:deficiency; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005494:Folic Acid Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000172:deficiency; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014806:Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D018977:Micronutrients; D005492:Folic Acid; D007501:Iron; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D002118:Calcium
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