title: Radiotherapy for carcinoma of the vagina. Immunocytochemical and cytofluorometric analysis of prognostic factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the potential prognostic factors in patients with primary invasive vaginal carcinoma (PIVC) treated with radical irradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analysis was performed on 77 patients with PIVC treated between 1985 and 2005 in the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Institute of Oncology, Cancer Center in Krakow. A total of 36 patients (46.8 %) survived 5 years with no evidence of disease (NED). The following groups of factors were assessed for potential prognostic value: population-based (age), clinical (Karnofsky Performance Score [KPS], hemoglobin level, primary location of the vaginal lesion, macroscopic type, length of the involved vaginal wall, FIGO stage), microscopic (microscopic type, grade, mitotic index, presence of atypical mitoses, lymphatic vessels invasion, lymphocytes/plasmocytes infiltration, focal necrosis, VAIN-3), immunohistochemical (protein p53 expression, MIB-1 index), cytofluorometric (ploidity, index DI, S-phase fraction, proliferation index SG2M) factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly better 5-year NED was observed in patients: < 60 years, KPS ≥ 80, FIGO stage I and II, grade G1-2, MIB-1 index  < 70, S-phase fraction < 10, and proliferation index < 25. Independent factors for better prognosis in the multivariate Cox analysis were age < 60 years, FIGO stage I or II, and MIB-1 index < 70.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Independent prognostic factors in the radically irradiated PIVC patients were as follows: age, FIGO stage, MIB-1 index.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Center of Oncology-Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Garncarska 11, 31-115 Kraków, Krakow, Poland. pawel.blecharz@interia.pl
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blecharz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reinfuss
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ryś
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jakubowicz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Skotnicki
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wysocki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000097:blood*; D014625:Vaginal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines; C513496:MIB1 ligase, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
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