title: Future directions for research on the development and prevention of early conduct problems.
abstract: This article describes our state of knowledge regarding the development and prevention of conduct problems in early childhood, then identifies directions that would benefit future basic and applied research. Our understanding about the course and risk factors associated with early-developing conduct problems has been significantly enhanced during the past three decades; however, many challenges remain in understanding the development of early conduct problems for girls, the contribution of poverty across variations in community urbanicity, and developing cascading models of conduct problems that incorporate prenatal risk. Significant advances in early prevention and intervention are also described, as well as challenges for identifying and engaging parents of at-risk children in nontraditional community settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260-0001, USA. casey@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D002666:Psychology, Child / Q000639:trends*; D012106:Research / Q000639:trends*; D012307:Risk Factors
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005 Dec;44(12):1241-8
references.pmid: 16292115
references.citation: Child Dev. 1992 Jun;63(3):526-41
references.pmid: 1600820
references.citation: Child Dev. 1991 Dec;62(6):1424-33
references.pmid: 1786725
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2002 Winter;14(1):25-44
references.pmid: 11893093
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2014 Feb;26(1):125-40
references.pmid: 24029248
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007 Oct;46(10):1250-1262
references.pmid: 17885566
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2007 Aug;75(4):568-79
references.pmid: 17663611
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2013 May;25(2):347-63
references.pmid: 23627949
references.citation: Child Dev. 2008 Sep-Oct;79(5):1395-414
references.pmid: 18826532
references.citation: J Fam Psychol. 2014 Dec;28(6):936-46
references.pmid: 25383793
references.citation: Alcohol Health Res World. 1997;21(3):218-26
references.pmid: 15706772
references.citation: Psychol Rev. 1993 Oct;100(4):674-701
references.pmid: 8255953
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Feb;74(1):1-9
references.pmid: 16551138
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 1994 May;115(3):424-43
references.pmid: 8016286
references.citation: Child Dev. 1990 Jun;61(3):893-910
references.pmid: 2364762
references.citation: Alcohol Health Res World. 1994;18(1):30-36
references.pmid: 31798162
references.citation: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1993 Oct;21(5):493-518
references.pmid: 8294650
references.citation: Dev Psychol. 2003 Mar;39(2):189-200
references.pmid: 12661881
references.citation: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2008 May;49(5):471-88
references.pmid: 18221346
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005 Aug;73(4):737-41
references.pmid: 16173862
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 2003 Feb;112(1):119-31
references.pmid: 12653420
references.citation: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2008 Apr;49(4):359-75
references.pmid: 18221345
references.citation: Child Dev. 1990 Apr;61(2):311-46
references.pmid: 2188806
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2001 Spring;13(2):355-75
references.pmid: 11393651
references.citation: Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2013 Mar;16(1):35-58
references.pmid: 23076722
references.citation: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2012 Sep;53(9):946-53
references.pmid: 22490064
references.citation: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2014 Oct;45(5):628-45
references.pmid: 24390592
references.citation: Annu Rev Psychol. 2006;57:423-51
references.pmid: 16318602
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Jan;40(1):36-43
references.pmid: 11195559
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998 May;37(5):545-53
references.pmid: 9585657
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997 Sep;36(9):1187-94
references.pmid: 9291719
references.citation: Child Dev. 1994 Jun;65(3):836-51
references.pmid: 8045171
references.citation: Prev Sci. 2002 Sep;3(3):153-72
references.pmid: 12387552
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2005 Winter;17(1):25-45
references.pmid: 15971758
references.citation: Pediatrics. 1993 Dec;92(6):815-22
references.pmid: 8233743
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2000 Spring;12(2):109-32
references.pmid: 10847620
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2009 Spring;21(2):417-39
references.pmid: 19338691
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010 Jul;49(7):686-98
references.pmid: 20610138
references.citation: Child Dev. 2011 Jan-Feb;82(1):331-45
references.pmid: 21291445
references.citation: Clin Psychol Rev. 2006 Jan;26(1):86-104
references.pmid: 16280191
references.citation: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1991 May;32(4):609-26
references.pmid: 1864892
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1997 Feb;65(1):93-109
references.pmid: 9103739
references.citation: Child Dev. 1994 Apr;65(2 Spec No):541-61
references.pmid: 8013239
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2000 Summer;12(3):467-88
references.pmid: 11014748
references.citation: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2006 Feb;35(1):46-59
references.pmid: 16390302
references.citation: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2004 Jun;33(2):279-91
references.pmid: 15136193
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007 Apr;46(4):438-447
references.pmid: 17420678
references.citation: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2008 Nov;36(8):1211-25
references.pmid: 18473160
references.citation: Monogr Soc Res Child Dev. 1985;50(1-2):167-93
references.pmid: 4069127
references.citation: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2012;41(3):378-89
references.pmid: 22475202
references.citation: Zero Three. 2013 Jan 1;33(3):17-23
references.pmid: 23526864
references.citation: Dev Psychol. 2006 Sep;42(5):913-28
references.pmid: 16953696
references.citation: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2000 Apr;28(2):119-33
references.pmid: 10834765
references.citation: Monogr Soc Res Child Dev. 2009;74(3):vii-119
references.pmid: 19930521
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999 Mar;56(3):215-9
references.pmid: 10078497
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 1997 Jan;121(1):95-113
references.pmid: 9000893
references.citation: Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2000 Sep;3(3):155-72
references.pmid: 11225751
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 1979 Jul;86(4):852-75
references.pmid: 482487
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 1993 Aug;102(3):369-78
references.pmid: 8408948
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005 Jun;73(3):400-10
references.pmid: 15982138
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2001 Jun;69(3):416-28
references.pmid: 11495171
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009 Nov;48(11):1102-1109
references.pmid: 19797981
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1998 Oct;66(5):715-30
references.pmid: 9803690
references.citation: Child Dev. 2010 Jan-Feb;81(1):340-56
references.pmid: 20331671
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1993 Mar;32(2):287-90
references.pmid: 8444756
references.citation: J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2005 Feb;26(1):34-41
references.pmid: 15718881
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Dec;74(6):994-1005
references.pmid: 17154730
references.citation: Am J Public Health. 2014 Feb;104 Suppl 1:S136-43
references.pmid: 24354833
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2004 Jul;114(1):e43-50
references.pmid: 15231972
references.citation: Dev Psychol. 1997 Nov;33(6):891-905
references.pmid: 9383612
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005 Jun;73(3):371-388
references.pmid: 15982136
references.citation: Am Psychol. 2004 Feb-Mar;59(2):77-92
references.pmid: 14992634
references.citation: Psychol Sci. 2005 Jul;16(7):560-5
references.pmid: 16008790
references.citation: J Clin Child Psychol. 2001 Sep;30(3):283-302
references.pmid: 11501247
references.citation: Child Dev. 1993 Apr;64(2):572-85
references.pmid: 8477635
references.citation: Child Dev. 2003 Sep-Oct;74(5):1433-53
references.pmid: 14552407
references.citation: Child Dev. 1995 Feb;66(1):55-68
references.pmid: 7497829
references.citation: Dev Psychol. 2013 Aug;49(8):1452-65
references.pmid: 23025265
references.citation: Dev Psychol. 2005 Sep;41(5):733-746
references.pmid: 16173871
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2012 Aug;24(3):871-88
references.pmid: 22781860