title: [Influence of smoking on survival rate of endosseous implant: a meta analysis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of smoking on survival rate of endosseous implant.
  
  
  METHODS
  The literatures published before the year 2012 involving influence of smoking on survival rate of endosseous implant were searched in PubMed,Embase and Cochrane databases. Data from the literatures conforming to the inclusion criteria and exclusive criteria were selected and a meta-analysis was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen literatures conforming to the inclusion criteria and exclusive criteria were screened out, which were prospective or retrospective cohort studies. Meta analysis using random effects model showed smoking patients had higher risk to lose endosseous implants than non-smoking patients (synthesized OR 2.24,95% CI 1.66-3.01,P<0.01), which implied the survival rate of endosseous implant in smoking patients was lower than in non-smoking patients. Heterogeneity source was not figured out by meta regression and subgroup analysis. When sensitivity analysis was done by using fixed and random effects model alternatively or excluding articles in which the distribution of implant surface characteristics were uneven between smoking and non-smoking group, result was not changed obviously.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The existing limited evidences show that smoking is harmful to the survival of endosseous implants. This meta-analysis is restricted by the literatures' quality and quantity and the results need to be confirmed by high quality studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing 210002, China. hslwind@yahoo.cn
authors.forename: Shen-lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012907:Smoking; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants