title: Prior exercise and postprandial incretin responses in lean and obese individuals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) help regulate postprandial triacylglycerol (TAG) and insulin concentrations, but the effects of acute aerobic exercise on GLP-1 or GIP responses are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether reductions in postprandial TAG and insulin with exercise are associated with GLP-1 and GIP responses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen normal-weight (NW) and 13 obese (Ob) individuals participated in two, 4-d trials in random order including an exercise (EX) and a no exercise (NoEX) trial. Diet was controlled during both trials. The EX trial consisted of 1 h of treadmill walking (55%-60% of V˙O2peak) during the evening of day 3 of the trial, 12 h before a 4-h mixed meal test on day 4, during which frequent blood samples were collected to assess postprandial lipemia, glycemia, insulin, C-peptide, GIP, and GLP-1 responses. Insulin secretion was estimated using the insulinogenic index, and insulin clearance was estimated using the ratio of insulin to C-peptide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postprandial TAG were 29% lower after EX in Ob individuals (P < 0.05) but were not significantly altered in NW individuals (P > 0.05). The drop in postprandial HDL cholesterol was attenuated with EX in Ob individuals (P < 0.05). Insulin responses were 14% lower after EX in Ob individuals (P < 0.05), and this was associated with reduced insulin secretion (P < 0.05), with no change in insulin clearance (P > 0.05). Glucose, C-peptide, GIP, and GLP-1 were not different between trials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 1-h bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise the night before a mixed meal attenuates TAG and insulin responses in Ob but not NW individuals, an effect not associated with altered GLP-1 or GIP responses.
authors.affiliation: 1Departments of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; 2Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; and 3Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Heden
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Monica L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kearney
authors.forename: Youngmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kevin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Dellsperger
authors.forename: Tom R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Jill A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kanaley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005080:Exercise Test; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000097:blood*; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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