title: Perioperative anesthetic and surgical complications of the Nuss procedure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Nuss procedure is a chest wall remodeling surgery performed in patients with pectus excavatum. This study was performed to analyze perioperative surgical and anesthetic complications with the Nuss procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  An academic hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred fourteen patients (children, adolescents, and adults) undergoing the Nuss procedure over 6 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient age and sex, premorbid diseases, indications for surgery, patient position during the procedure, the length of surgery, time to hospital discharge, postoperative analgesia method, and the presence of perioperative complications were recorded.
  
  
  METHODS
  No mortality was observed. The overall complication rate was 18.7%, but the overall event rate was 42.6% (91 events in 40 patients). Intraoperative hypotension, tachycardia, and hypercapnia were the most common complications (4.7%), followed by postoperative ileus (3.2%), pneumothorax (right, left, or bilateral; 4.2%), lung parenchymal laceration (2.3%), and postoperative nausea and vomiting (2.3%). Two patients had an ulnar nerve palsy and 1 patient had a brachial nerve palsy as a result of surgical position.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the Nuss procedure is reported to be minimally invasive, some serious complications concerning both surgery and anesthesia should not be overlooked.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Medical School of Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. tumayumuroglu@gmail.com
authors.forename: Tumay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umuroglu
authors.forename: Korkut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bostancı
authors.forename: David Terence
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.forename: F Yilmaz
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Gogus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D005660:Funnel Chest / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D019990:Perioperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016683:Supine Position / Q000502:physiology; D019616:Thoracic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D014797:Vital Capacity; D055815:Young Adult