title: New methodologies for the extraction and fractionation of bioactive carbohydrates from mulberry (Morus alba) leaves.
abstract: Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) was applied for the first time to extract bioactive low molecular weight carbohydrates (iminosugars and inositols) from mulberry ( Morus alba ) leaves. Under optimized conditions, PLE provided a similar yield to the conventional process used to extract these bioactives, but in less time (5 vs 90 min). To remove carbohydrates that interfere with the bioactivity of iminosugars from PLE extracts, two fractionation treatments were evaluated: yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) incubation and cation-exchange chromatography (CEC). Both methods allowed complete removal of major soluble carbohydrates (fructose, glucose, galactose, and sucrose), without affecting the content of mulberry bioactives. As an advantage over CEC, the yeast treatment preserves bioactive inositols, and it is an affordable methodology that employs food grade solvents. This work found PLE followed by yeast treatment to be an easily scalable and automatable procedure that can be implemented in the food industry.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Sánchez
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Aceituno
authors.forename: María L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Soria
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008970:Molecular Weight; D031625:Morus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D010936:Plant Extracts