title: Leaving home ain't easy: protein export systems in Gram-positive bacteria.
abstract: Transport of proteins into or across biological membranes is catalyzed by membrane-bound transport machineries. In Gram-positive bacteria, the vast majority of proteins are exported out of the cytosol by the conserved general secretion (Sec) system or, alternatively, by the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) system, that closely resemble their well-studied counterparts in Gram-negative bacteria. Besides these common major export routes, additional unique protein export systems (such as accessory Sec2 systems and/or type VII/WXG100 secretion systems) exist in some Gram-positive bacteria that are specifically involved in the secretion of limited subsets of proteins.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften 1, Biotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany. r.freudl@fz-juelich.de
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Freudl
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems
keywords: Protein translocation; Sec pathway; Sec2 systems; Twin-arginine-translocation; Type VII secretion; WXG100 secretion