title: Light-induced translocation of RGS9-1 and Gβ5L in mouse rod photoreceptors.
abstract: The transducin GTPase-accelerating protein complex, which determines the photoresponse duration of photoreceptors, is composed of RGS9-1, Gβ5L and R9AP. Here we report that RGS9-1 and Gβ5L change their distribution in rods during light/dark adaptation. Upon prolonged dark adaptation, RGS9-1 and Gβ5L are primarily located in rod inner segments. But very dim-light exposure quickly translocates them to the outer segments. In contrast, their anchor protein R9AP remains in the outer segment at all times. In the dark, Gβ5L's interaction with R9AP decreases significantly and RGS9-1 is phosphorylated at S(475) to a significant degree. Dim light exposure leads to quick de-phosphorylation of RGS9-1. Furthermore, after prolonged dark adaptation, RGS9-1 and transducin Gα are located in different cellular compartments. These results suggest a previously unappreciated mechanism by which prolonged dark adaptation leads to increased light sensitivity in rods by dissociating RGS9-1 from R9AP and redistributing it to rod inner segments.
authors.affiliation: Retinal Neurobiology Lab, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zallocchi
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ching-Kang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Palczewski
authors.forename: Duane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Delimont
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cosgrove
authors.forename: You-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003623:Dark Adaptation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D044387:GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits / Q000378:metabolism*; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000528:radiation effects; D055211:Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Inner Segment / Q000378:metabolism; D055214:Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer Segment / Q000378:metabolism; D017948:Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D044387:GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits; C094668:Gnb5 protein, mouse; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C508769:R9AP protein, mouse; D012694:Serine
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