title: Antifungal efficacy during Candida krusei infection in non-conventional models correlates with the yeast in vitro susceptibility profile.
abstract: The incidence of opportunistic fungal infections has increased in recent decades due to the growing proportion of immunocompromised patients in our society. Candida krusei has been described as a causative agent of disseminated fungal infections in susceptible patients. Although its prevalence remains low among yeast infections (2-5%), its intrinsic resistance to fluconazole makes this yeast important from epidemiologic aspects. Non mammalian organisms are feasible models to study fungal virulence and drug efficacy. In this work we have used the lepidopteran Galleria mellonella and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as models to assess antifungal efficacy during infection by C. krusei. This yeast killed G. mellonella at 25, 30 and 37°C and reduced haemocytic density. Infected larvae melanized in a dose-dependent manner. Fluconazole did not protect against C. krusei infection, in contrast to amphotericin B, voriconazole or caspofungin. However, the doses of these antifungals required to obtain larvae protection were always higher during C. krusei infection than during C. albicans infection. Similar results were found in the model host C. elegans. Our work demonstrates that non mammalian models are useful tools to investigate in vivo antifungal efficacy and virulence of C. krusei.
authors.affiliation: Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scorzoni
authors.forename: Maria Pilar
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: de Lucas
authors.forename: Ana Cecilia
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mesa-Arango
authors.forename: Ana Marisa
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fusco-Almeida
authors.forename: Encarnación
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cuenca-Estrella
authors.forename: Maria Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mendes-Giannini
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zaragoza
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000382:microbiology; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000382:microbiology; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065819:Voriconazole
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D065819:Voriconazole
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