title: [Laparoscopic cholecystectomy as standardised teaching operation to treat symptomatic cholecystolithiasis].
abstract: Currently laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard of therapy for diseases related with gallstones, namely symptomatic cholecystolithiasis, acute and chronic cholecystitis and also as therapy for gallbladder adenoids. Together with laparoscopic appendectomy, this procedure often is one of the first laparoscopic operations performed by new interns. Therefore a standardised, reproducible approach to ensure the patient safety is necessary. The procedure can be subdivided into 10 substeps--so-called "nodal points"--which must be completed before the next substep can be started. This article and the attached video show the ten "nodal points" of a standardised laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Allgemeine, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Klinikum der Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: U C
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Axt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kreuzer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nedela
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirschniak
mesh_terms: D019985:Benchmarking / Q000592:standards; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards*; D041761:Cholecystolithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D061214:Patient Safety; D020535:Video-Assisted Surgery / Q000193:education*