title: Distribution of methionine-enkephalin in the minipig brainstem.
abstract: We have studied the distribution of immunoreactive cell bodies and axons are containing methionine-enkephalin in the minipig brainstem. Immunoreactive axons were widely distributed, whereas the distribution of perikarya was less widespread. A high or moderate density of axons containing methionine-enkephalin were found from rostral to caudal levels in the substantia nigra, nucleus interpeduncularis, nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis, nucleus dorsalis raphae, nucleus centralis raphae, nuclei dorsalis and ventralis tegmenti of Gudden, locus ceruleus, nucleus sensorius principalis nervi trigemini, nucleus cuneatus externalis, nucleus tractus solitarius, nuclei vestibularis inferior and medialis, nucleus ambiguus, nucleus olivaris inferior and in the nucleus tractus spinalis nervi trigemini. Immunoreactive perikarya were observed in the nuclei centralis and dorsalis raphae, nucleus motorius nervi trigemini, nucleus centralis superior, nucleus nervi facialis, nuclei parabrachialis medialis and lateralis, nucleus ventralis raphae, nucleus reticularis lateralis and in the formatio reticularis. We have also described the presence of perikarya containing methionine-enkephalin in the nuclei nervi abducens, ruber, nervi oculomotorius and nervi trochlearis. These results suggest that in the minipig the pentapeptide may be involved in many physiological functions (for example, proprioceptive and nociceptive information; motor, respiratory and cardiovascular mechanisms).
authors.affiliation: University of Salamanca, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCYL), Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Salamanca, Spain. lisardosanchez8@gmail.com
authors.forename: Manuel Lisardo
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vecino
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coveñas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004744:Enkephalin, Methionine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004744:Enkephalin, Methionine