title: Human SNF2L gene is regulated constitutively and inducibly in neural cells via a cAMP-response element.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  SNF2L belongs to Imitation Switch family and plays an essential role in neural tissues and gonads. In our previous studies, we have demonstrated that the basal transcription of human SNF2L gene is regulated by two cis-elements, cAMP response element (CRE)- and Sp1-binding sites. Recent studies suggested that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) stimulation significantly up-regulated SNF2L expression in ovarian granulose cells. These data suggested that protein kinase-mediated signal pathways might also regulate SNF2L expression in neural cells. We therefore investigated the effects of agents that activate protein kinases A on SNF2L gene expression in neural cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  To increase intracellular cAMP levels, all neural cells were treated with forskolin and dbcAMP, two cAMP response activators. We exmined the effects of cAMP on the promoter activity of human SNF2L gene by luciferase reporter gene assays, and further examined the effects of cAMP on endogenous SNF2L mRNA levels by qPCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transient expression of a luciferase fusion gene under the control of the SNF2L promoter was significantly increased by treatment of rat primary neurons with forskolin or dbcAMP, but not PC12, C6 and SH-SY5Y cells. Consistently, treatment with forskolin or dbcAMP could enhance endogenous SNF2L mRNA levels also only in rat primary neurons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the CRE consensus sequence in the SNF2L proximal promoter most likely confers constitutive activation and regulation by cAMP in neural cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Center Laboratory, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Institute of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 West Wenhua Road Jinan, PR China 250012.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Laicheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yaoqin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Yueran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000032:analysis; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D020218:Response Elements; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C499336:SMARCA1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D005576:Colforsin; D003994:Bucladesine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D008156:Luciferases
keywords: CRE; SNF2L; cAMP stimulation; neural cells
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