title: Attenuation of cognitive impairment by the nonbacteriolytic antibiotic daptomycin in Wistar rats submitted to pneumococcal meningitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Streptococcus pneumoniae is associated with neurologic sequels, such as, seizures, sensory-motor deficits, hearing loss, learning and memory impairment, which can occur in approximately 30 to 52% of surviving patients. Neuronal damage can be caused by intense inflammatory reaction and direct effects of the bacteria virulence factors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the nonbacteriolytic antibiotic daptomycin versus ceftriaxone on behavioral parameters in adult Wistar rats submitted to pneumococcal meningitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten days after induction we verified that the meningitis group with daptomycin treatment showed retention of aversive memory; it presented memory of the object recognition at short term and long term. In continuous multiple-trials step-down inhibitory avoidance task the meningitis group with ceftriaxone treatment required approximately two times more stimulus to reach the acquisition criterion when compared with meningitis group with daptomycin treatment. However, in the habituation memory test there were no differences in the number of crossings and rearings in training and task sessions demonstrating habituation impairment to the environment task in both meningitis groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evidence of the present study shows the potential alternative of the treatment with daptomycin in preventing learning and memory impairments caused by pneumococcal meningitis. Further investigations are necessary to provide support for evaluation of daptomycin as an alternative treatment of bacterial meningitis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil. tba@unesc.net
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barichello
authors.forename: João Carlos Nepomuceno
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Jaqueline S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Generoso
authors.forename: Graziele L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Milioli
authors.forename: Cintia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Silvestre
authors.forename: Caroline S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Jaqueline da Rosa
authors.initials: Jda R
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: Clarissa M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Comim
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quevedo
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D017576:Daptomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008586:Meningitis, Pneumococcal / Q000150:complications*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017576:Daptomycin
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