title: The effect of American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) constituents on the growth inhibition, membrane integrity, and injury of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes in comparison to Lactobacillus rhamnosus.
abstract: The antimicrobial properties of the American cranberry were studied against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus to determine the effects on growth inhibition, membrane permeability, and injury. Cranberry powder was separated using a C-18 Sep-Pak cartridge into sugars plus organic acids (F1), monomeric phenolics (F2), and anthocyanins plus proanthocyanidins (F3). Fraction 3 was further separated into anthocyanins (F4) and proanthocyanidins (F5) using an LH-20 Sephadex column. Each fraction was diluted in the brain heart infusion (BHI) broth to determine the minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC). L. monocytogenes was the most susceptible to cranberry fraction treatment with the lowest MIC/MBC for each treatment, followed by E. coli O157:H7 and L. rhamnosus. Membrane permeability and potential was studied using LIVE/DEAD viability assay and using Bis (1, 3-dibutylbarbituric acid) trimethine oxonol (DiBAC4), respectively. L. rhamnosus demonstrated the highest permeability followed by E. coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes. L. rhamnosus demonstrated the highest recovery followed by E. coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes. Each cranberry fraction demonstrated membrane hyperpolarization at their native pH, while F2, F3, and F5 demonstrated membrane depolarization at neutral pH. With this knowledge cranberry compounds may be used to prevent maladies and potentially substitute for synthetic preservatives and antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 5735 Hitchner Hall, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04468-5735, USA.
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lacombe
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McGivney
authors.forename: Shravani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tadepalli
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Vivian C H
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts