title: Clinical pattern of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis in a Spanish referral center.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the clinical pattern of ocular toxoplasmosis in a referral center in Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of consecutive patients with ocular toxoplasmosis admitted from a single referral center for uveitis in Barcelona (Spain) were retrospectively analyzed between January 2005 and January 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and thirteen eyes from 113 patients (74 Spanish and 39 South American) with active ocular toxoplasmosis were analyzed with a 12-month follow-up. Final BCVA ≤ 20/200 was found in 30 eyes (26.5%). The most frequent complications were macular edema (16.8%) and epiretinal membrane (11.5%). Anterior chamber cell scores of ≥ 2+ (p = 0.003), vitreous cell scores of ≥ 2+ (p = 0.001), and the presence of cataracts (p = 0.047) or serous retinal detachment (p = 0.008) were more common among the South American than Spanish cohort. Active macular lesions (p < 0.001) with an initial BCVA ≤ 20/200 (p < 0.001) and advanced age (p = 0.019) were predictors for final BCVA ≤ 20/200, whereas female gender (p = 0.021) and an initial BCVA ≤20/200 (p = 0.045) were predictors for ocular complications. Moreover, a BCVA ≤ 20/200 (p < 0.001) and a vitreous cell score of ≥ 2+ (p = 0.045) at the initial examination were predictors of an eventual need for ocular surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical features of ocular toxoplasmosis in Spanish patients differ from those of South American patients. In general, active macular lesions with an initial BCVA ≤ 20/200 and advanced age were shown to be predictors for final BCVA ≤ 20/200 in our patient cohort.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Llorenç
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pelegrín
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mesquida
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Molins
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rios
authors.forename: Jose Fernando
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Arévalo
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adán
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002825:Chorioretinitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013030:Spain; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014126:Toxoplasmosis, Ocular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole