title: The copper interference with the melanogenesis OF Cryptococcus neoformans.
abstract: Melanin is a pigment produced by laccase, a phenoloxydase enzyme, and is related to the virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans as it is also considered an adaption mechanism to environmental conditions and protection against UV radiation, phagocytic system attack and antifungal drugs. Laccase synthesis is stimulated by several factors, including copper metabolism. The current study shows C. neoformans strains with higher melanization intensity when grown in L-dopa medium supplemented with different concentrations of copper sulfate. This increase shows that melanization rates may be enhanced in the presence of copper ions and may also enhance the virulence of C. neoformans in infected patients that present increasing copper concentrations in serum, such as those with HIV. The virulence of these strains may also be increased in the environment, where this metal is available as CuSO4 in algicidal and fungicidal compounds.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Science Institute, Microbiology and Immunology Department, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renan Marrichi
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mauch
authors.forename: Vinícius de Oliveira
authors.initials: Vde O
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Amanda Latercia Tranches
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dias
mesh_terms: D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000494:pharmacology; D008543:Melanins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D008543:Melanins; D007980:Levodopa; D003300:Copper