title: Efinaconazole 10% solution: a new topical treatment for onychomycosis: contact sensitization and skin irritation potential.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Onychomycosis is a chronic condition that often requires long-term management to eradicate the causative fungus, allow a healthy nail to grow, and prevent relapse. As a successful outcome depends highly on patient adherence with treatment, a low risk of periungual skin irritation with topical medication is clinically relevant.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the potential for efinaconazole 10% solution and its corresponding vehicle to induce delayed contact skin sensitization and evaluate its skin irritation potential.
  
  
  METHODS
  Efinaconazole 10% solution and its vehicle were studied in 239 healthy volunteers for the potential to induce contact skin sensitization. This included a series of induction, challenge, and re-challenge phases. An additional 21-day cumulative irritation study was undertaken in 35 healthy volunteers to compare three concentrations of efinaconazole (1%, 5%, and 10%), vehicle, and positive/negative controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no evidence of induced contact sensitization under occlusive, semi-occlusive, and open (open rub-in) applications of efinaconazole 10% solution. Efinaconazole 1%, 5%, and 10% solutions have mean cumulative irritancy indices of 1.12, 1.26, and 1.18, respectively, where a range of >0 to ≤1 is classified as "mildly irritating." RESULTS were comparable to vehicle (1.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Efinaconazole 10% solution did not cause contact sensitization and induced only minimal skin irritation in the studies completed.
authors.affiliation: Las Vegas Skin & Cancer Clinic, Las Vegas, Nevada;
authors.forename: James Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Del Rosso
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reece
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Terri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miller
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