title: Family functioning in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients with and without depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with depression or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often have associated impaired family functioning. The purpose of this study was: (1) to explore the family functioning of T2DM patients with and without depressive symptoms and (2) to explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and family impairment in T2DM patients with depressive symptoms. This study used a cross-sectional design.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 32 patients with T2DM who had depressive symptoms and 229 patients with T2DM who did not have depressive symptoms completed the Chinese versions of the Family Assessment Device (FAD) and the Beck Depression Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study showed that there were differences in duration of diabetes and some FAD dimensions between T2DM patients with and without depressive symptoms (p < 0.01). There were also differences in the frequencies of FAD dimensions between T2DM patients with and without depressive symptoms (p < 0.01). Age, duration of diabetes and family function were predicting factors of depressive symptoms among T2DM patients (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The T2DM patients with depressive symptoms had more unhealthy FAD dimensions than the T2DM patients without depressive symptoms. The family functioning of T2DM patients with depressive symptoms was worse than that of T2DM patients without depressive symptoms. Age, duration of diabetes and some dimensions of FAD were associated with depressive symptoms in the T2DM patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jikun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000523:psychology*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales