title: Touching base with PARPs: moonlighting in the repair of UV lesions and double-strand breaks.
abstract: Distinct types of DNA damage elicit signaling and repair pathways that counteract the adverse effect of DNA lesions to maintain genome stability. The negatively charged polymer poly(ADP-ribose), which is catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes, is a post-translational modification that serves as a chromatin-based platform for the recruitment of a variety of repair factors and chromatin-remodeling enzymes. Recent work implicates PARP3 in the efficient joining of DNA double-strand breaks during non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), whereas PARP1 modulates the repair of UV-induced DNA lesions. Here we discuss emerging roles of PARP enzymes in mechanistically distinct DNA repair pathways and highlight unresolved issues and questions for future research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pines
authors.forename: Leon H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Mullenders
authors.forename: Haico
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Attikum
authors.forename: Martijn S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Luijsterburg
mesh_terms: D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases