title: Comparison of quiescent inflow single-shot and native space for nonenhanced peripheral MR angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate two nonenhanced MRA methods: quiescent-interval single-shot (QISS) and Native SPACE (NATIVE = Non-contrast Angiography of the Arteries and Veins; SPACE = Sampling Perfection with Application Optimized Contrast by using different flip angle Evolution), using contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CEMRA) as a reference standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients (14 male; mean, 69.3 years old) referred for lower extremity MRA were recruited in a HIPAA-compliant prospective study. QISS and Native SPACE of the lower extremities were performed at 1.5 Tesla with a hybrid dual-injection contrast-enhanced MRA as reference. Image quality and stenosis severity were assessed in segments by two blinded radiologists. Methods were compared with logistic regression for correlated data for diagnostic accuracy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 496 arterial segments, 24 were considered nondiagnostic on the Native SPACE images. There were no QISS or CEMRA imaging segments considered to be nondiagnostic. Image quality was significantly higher for QISS than for Native SPACE. QISS stenosis sensitivity (84.9%) was not significantly different from Native SPACE (87.3%). QISS had better specificity (95.6%) than Native SPACE (87.0%), P = 0.0041. In comparison with QISS, Native SPACE proved less robust for imaging of the abdominal and pelvic segments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Native SPACE and QISS were sensitive for hemodynamically significant stenosis in this pilot study. QISS NEMRA demonstrated superior specificity and image quality, and was more robust in the abdominal and pelvic regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA; Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Emily V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Mauricio S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Galizia
authors.forename: Asad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Usman
authors.forename: Andrada R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Popescu
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dunkle
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Edelman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000473:pathology*; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Contrast-enhanced MR angiography; NATIVE SPACE MR; angiography; artifacts; imaging; nonenhanced MR angiography; peripheral artery disease; quiescent-Interval single-shot (QISS) MR angiography
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