title: Identification of the degradation products of the steroid sulfatase inhibitor KW-2581 in jet mill-micronized powder.
abstract: The novel steroid sulfatase inhibitor KW-2581 is poorly soluble in water, and jet milling was used in an attempt to increase its oral bioavailability. Unfortunately, however, the milled powder exhibited poorer qualities than the intact sample, including a lower level of crystallinity, higher water content, and increased decomposition rate. A comprehensive study of the jet milled sample was performed to identify the impurities and degradation mechanisms. The degradants were identified as the hydrolyzed and air-oxidized byproducts of KW-2581. The radical propagation mechanism of the oxidation reactions associated with the degradation of KW-2581 was assumed to be mediated by water or metal catalysis. The inclusion of a drying process following the micronization step allowed for the decomposition mechanism to be successfully controlled in the subsequent storage of the jet mill-micronized KW-2581 drug substance.
authors.affiliation: Drug Formulation Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Company, Ltd., Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8731, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8501, Japan. Electronic address: masashi.aoki@kyowa-kirin.co.jp.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Sakai Plant, Production Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Company, Ltd., Sakai, Osaka, 590-8554, Japan.
authors.forename: Hikaru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Chemical Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Company, Ltd., Sakai, Osaka, 590-8554, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.affiliation: Yokkaichi Plant, Production Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Company, Ltd., Yokkaichi, Mie, 510-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.affiliation: Drug Formulation Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Company, Ltd., Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8731, Japan.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuzawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terada
mesh_terms: D004340:Drug Contamination; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D043266:Steryl-Sulfatase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C524251:KW 2581; D013449:Sulfonamides; D004958:Estradiol; D043266:Steryl-Sulfatase