title: Effects of prenatal exposure to atypical antipsychotics on postnatal development and growth of infants: a case-controlled, prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to investigate the developmental effects of atypical antipsychotics on infants who were born to mothers taking an atypical antipsychotic throughout pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The developmental progress of 76 infants who experienced fetal exposure to atypical antipsychotics was compared to that of 76 matched control infants who had no fetal exposure to any antipsychotics. Planned assessment included Apgar score, body weight, height, and the cognitive, language, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive behavior composite scores of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition (BSID-III). Student's t test and Chi-square analysis were used as appropriate. Repeated measurements were evaluated by analysis of covariance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 2 months of age, the mean composite scores of cognitive, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive behavior of BSID-III were significantly lower in atypical antipsychotic-exposed infants than the controls. More atypical antipsychotic-exposed infants had delayed development in cognitive, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive behavior domains as defined by the composite score of <85 in these subscales of BSID-III. At 12 months of age, there were no significant differences between the two groups in all mean composite scores of BSID-III. More atypical antipsychotic-exposed infants had low birth weight than the controls (13.2 vs. 2.6 %, P = 0.031), although there were no significant difference in mean birth weight and height between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetal exposure to atypical antipsychotics may cause short-term delayed development in cognitive, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive behavior, but not in language, body weight, or height.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrical of The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Keming
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yiling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Calabrese
authors.forename: Renrong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jingping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001034:Apgar Score; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
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