title: ENaC regulation by proteases and shear stress.
abstract: Epithelial Na(+) channels (ENaCs) are comprised of subunits that have large extracellular regions linked to membrane spanning domains where the channel pore and gate reside. A variety of external factors modify channel activity by interacting at sites within extracellular regions that lead to conformational changes that are transmitted to the channel gate and alter channel open probability. Our review addresses two external factors that have important roles in regulating channel activity, proteases and laminar shear stress.
authors.affiliation: Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA. shs117@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Shujie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Marcelo D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Carattino
authors.forename: Rebecca P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Hughey
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kleyman
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D062686:Epithelial Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D033081:Shear Strength
chemical_list: D062686:Epithelial Sodium Channel Blockers; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases
references.citation: Nature. 2007 Sep 20;449(7160):316-23
references.pmid: 17882215
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2002 Mar;282(3):F501-5
references.pmid: 11832432
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1987 Nov;253(5 Pt 2):F896-903
references.pmid: 3688239
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2009 Jul 31;284(31):20447-51
references.pmid: 19401469
references.citation: J Membr Biol. 1984;80(2):135-51
references.pmid: 6090669
references.citation: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Feb;20(2):299-310
references.pmid: 19073825
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2011 Jan 7;286(1):649-60
references.pmid: 20974852
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2008 Sep 12;283(37):25290-25295
references.pmid: 18650438
references.citation: Bioessays. 1999 Jul;21(7):568-78
references.pmid: 10472184
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2005 Oct 21;280(42):35751-9
references.pmid: 16087672
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2008 Dec 26;283(52):36586-91
references.pmid: 18981180
references.citation: Annu Rev Physiol. 2009;71:361-79
references.pmid: 18928407
references.citation: Atherosclerosis. 2007 Nov;195(1):e172-80
references.pmid: 17368464
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2011 Oct;301(4):F684-96
references.pmid: 21753073
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2010 Feb;298(2):F285-92
references.pmid: 19889952
references.citation: Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2010 Jan 31;170(1):113-9
references.pmid: 19925887
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2010 Nov 5;285(45):35216-23
references.pmid: 20817728
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 30;279(18):18111-4
references.pmid: 15007080
references.citation: Physiology (Bethesda). 2008 Feb;23:23-31
references.pmid: 18268362
references.citation: FASEB J. 2007 Aug;21(10):2389-99
references.pmid: 17426066
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Feb 4;94(3):1013-8
references.pmid: 9023374
references.citation: BMC Res Notes. 2010 Jul 27;3:210
references.pmid: 20663206
references.citation: Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2007 Sep;16(5):444-50
references.pmid: 17693760
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2005 Feb 11;280(6):4393-401
references.pmid: 15569663
references.citation: Annu Rev Physiol. 1997;59:575-99
references.pmid: 9074778
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2012 May 4;287(19):15439-44
references.pmid: 22408250
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2009 Feb 13;284(7):4689-94
references.pmid: 19074149
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2007 Mar 2;282(9):6153-60
references.pmid: 17199078
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2011 May 6;286(18):16297-307
references.pmid: 21388961
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 5;282(1):58-64
references.pmid: 17090546
references.citation: Neuron. 1998 Dec;21(6):1435-41
references.pmid: 9883735
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2002 Feb;109(3):401-8
references.pmid: 11828000
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2012 Jun 8;287(24):20720-6
references.pmid: 22511777
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2012 Jan 1;302(1):F1-8
references.pmid: 21993886
references.citation: J Gen Physiol. 1996 Jan;107(1):35-45
references.pmid: 8741729
references.citation: Steroids. 2010 Aug-Sep;75(8-9):544-9
references.pmid: 19778545
references.citation: Pflugers Arch. 1985;405 Suppl 1:S83-8
references.pmid: 2418408
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2011 May;300(5):F1089-95
references.pmid: 21307123
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1975 Apr;228(4):1249-61
references.pmid: 1130523
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2001 Jun;280(6):F1010-8
references.pmid: 11352841
references.citation: EMBO Mol Med. 2010 Jan;2(1):26-37
references.pmid: 20043279
references.citation: Physiol Rev. 2001 Apr;81(2):685-740
references.pmid: 11274342
references.citation: Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2011 Sep;20(5):529-33
references.pmid: 21670672
references.citation: Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2012 May;11(5):367-83
references.pmid: 22679642
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2012 Oct;303(7):F939-43
references.pmid: 22832922
references.citation: J Gen Physiol. 2007 Dec;130(6):611-29
references.pmid: 17998393
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001 Jun;940:42-7
references.pmid: 11458698
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1980 Nov;239(5):F459-65
references.pmid: 6159795
references.citation: Nature. 2012 Sep 20;489(7416):400-5
references.pmid: 22842900
references.citation: J Gen Physiol. 1998 Aug;112(2):97-111
references.pmid: 9689021
references.citation: Biochem Cell Biol. 1995 Jul-Aug;73(7-8):349-65
references.pmid: 8703408
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 1974 Dec;54(6):1488-95
references.pmid: 4436444
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2011 Apr 29;286(17):14753-61
references.pmid: 21367859
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2012 Apr 24;51(16):3460-9
references.pmid: 22471557
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2011 Sep;301(3):F463-75
references.pmid: 21715471
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2010 Oct;299(4):F854-61
references.pmid: 20630937
references.citation: Development. 2010 May;137(9):1407-20
references.pmid: 20388652
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2003 Oct;285(4):F651-63
references.pmid: 12770841
references.citation: Gravit Space Biol Bull. 1997 Jun;10(2):49-55
references.pmid: 11540119
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007 Jul;293(1):F316-24
references.pmid: 17459954
references.citation: Cell Tissue Res. 2000 Mar;299(3):327-34
references.pmid: 10772247
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1998 Nov;275(5):C1182-90
references.pmid: 9814964
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2006 Nov;291(5):F923-31
references.pmid: 16849691
references.citation: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2005 May;288(5):L813-9
references.pmid: 15640288
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2006 Sep;291(3):F663-9
references.pmid: 16638910
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2006 Jul 7;281(27):18901-7
references.pmid: 16690613
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2001 May;280(5):F786-93
references.pmid: 11292620
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1979 Feb;236(2):F192-205
references.pmid: 420299
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2008 Jan;294(1):F38-46
references.pmid: 17913833
references.citation: Microcirculation. 2009 Apr;16(3):276-87
references.pmid: 19225981
references.citation: Neuron. 2002 Apr 25;34(3):337-40
references.pmid: 11988165
references.citation: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Oct;19(10):1845-54
references.pmid: 18753254
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1989 May;256(5 Pt 2):F932-41
references.pmid: 2719122
references.citation: Nature. 1997 Oct 9;389(6651):607-10
references.pmid: 9335501
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1995 Dec;269(6 Pt 2):F870-5
references.pmid: 8594882
references.citation: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000 May;11(5):828-834
references.pmid: 10770960
references.citation: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2009 Dec;297(6):R1733-41
references.pmid: 19793956
references.citation: J Gen Physiol. 2002 Aug;120(2):191-201
references.pmid: 12149280
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2012 Aug 15;303(4):F540-50
references.pmid: 22622459
references.citation: J Gen Physiol. 1998 Jan;111(1):127-38
references.pmid: 9417140
references.citation: J Physiol. 2010 Jan 1;588(Pt 1):171-85
references.pmid: 19917568
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2004 Feb 6;279(6):4120-6
references.pmid: 14625286
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1995 Jun;268(6 Pt 1):C1450-9
references.pmid: 7611365
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Jul 30;460(7255):599-604
references.pmid: 19641589
references.citation: Biophys J. 1997 Mar;72(3):1182-92
references.pmid: 9138565
references.citation: Mol Neurobiol. 2007 Dec;36(3):254-71
references.pmid: 17955200
references.citation: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2003 Nov;285(5):F998-F1012
references.pmid: 12837680
references.citation: Hypertension. 2004 Nov;44(5):643-8
references.pmid: 15381679
references.citation: J Gen Physiol. 2008 Nov;132(5):521-35
references.pmid: 18852303