title: Kinetics of arsenite removal by halobacteria from a highland Andean Chilean Salar.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to identify arsenite-oxidizing halobacteria in samples obtained from Salar de Punta Negra, II Region of Chile. Seven bacterial isolates, numbered as isolates I to VII, grown in a culture medium with 100 ppm as NaAsO2 (As (III)) were tested. Bacterial growth kinetics and the percent of arsenite removal (PAR) were performed simultaneously with the detection of an arsenite oxidase enzyme through Dot Blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An arsenite oxidase enzyme was detected in all isolates, expressed constitutively after 10 generations grown in the absence of As (III). Bacterial growth kinetics and corresponding PAR values showed significant fluctuations over time. PARs close to 100% were shown by isolates V, VI, and VII, at different times of the bacterial growth phase; while isolate II showed PAR values around 40%, remaining constant over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Halobacteria from Salar de Punta Negra showed promising properties as arsenite removers under control conditions, incubation time being a critical parameter.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, P,O,1280, Antofagasta, Chile. pdiaz@ucn.cl.
authors.forename: Díaz-Palma
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.forename: Alfaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gleny
authors.forename: Hengst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Martha
authors.forename: Pozo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patricia
authors.forename: Stegen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Susana
authors.forename: Queirolo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fabrizio
authors.forename: Rojo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonzalo
authors.forename: Silva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pedro
authors.forename: Arias
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diana
authors.forename: Gallardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karem
authors.forename: Contreras-Ortega
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Carlos
references.citation: Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 25;72(1-2):67-82
references.pmid: 15748748
references.citation: Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009 May;82(5):593-6
references.pmid: 19190837
references.citation: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2007 Mar;57(Pt 3):504-512
references.pmid: 17329775
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Oct;68(10):4795-802
references.pmid: 12324322
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54
references.pmid: 942051
references.citation: Science. 2003 May 9;300(5621):939-44
references.pmid: 12738852
references.citation: Annu Rev Microbiol. 2006;60:107-30
references.pmid: 16704340
references.citation: J Bacteriol. 2006 Feb;188(3):1081-8
references.pmid: 16428412
references.citation: Biotechnol Bioeng. 2005 Aug 20;91(4):441-6
references.pmid: 15981279
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2004 Jun 7;1656(2-3):148-55
references.pmid: 15178476
references.citation: Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Nov 1;43(21):8381-6
references.pmid: 19924973
references.citation: Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2008 Dec;5(5):450-6
references.pmid: 19151442
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Feb;71(2):599-608
references.pmid: 15691908
references.citation: J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 Nov-Dec;71(6):1090-3
references.pmid: 3240958
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1976 Sep;32(3):392-9
references.pmid: 10837
references.citation: BMC Microbiol. 2010 Jul 30;10:205
references.pmid: 20673331
references.citation: Environ Microbiol. 2008 Jan;10(1):228-37
references.pmid: 17894815
references.citation: Structure. 2001 Feb 7;9(2):125-32
references.pmid: 11250197
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2003 May;20(5):686-93
references.pmid: 12679550
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 May 1;382(2):298-302
references.pmid: 19285953
references.citation: Anal Sci. 2001 Sep;17(9):1067-71
references.pmid: 11708061
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1992 Nov 25;267(33):23674-82
references.pmid: 1331097
references.citation: Nature. 1949 Jul 9;164(4158):76
references.pmid: 18133543
references.citation: Syst Appl Microbiol. 2001 Nov;24(3):464-74
references.pmid: 11822685