title: Intra-operative microwave ablation of liver malignancies with tumour permittivity feedback control: a prospective ablate and resect study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumour permittivity feedback control is a novel method for microwave ablation (MWA) that theoretically allows for larger, more predictable ablations. This prospective case series evaluates the feasibility and efficacy of MWA of liver malignancies using a device with tumour permittivity feedback control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten consecutive patients initially determined to be candidates for surgical resection of a liver malignancy underwent intra-operative MWA with tumour permittivity feedback control followed by a surgical resection. A 14-gauge Medwaves microwave antenna was used to deliver a single treatment according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Tumours were assessed grossly as well as by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and tetrazolium chloride staining. The primary end point was per cent tumour necrosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median maximum ablation diameter measured was 4.1 cm (range 3.0-6.8). The median ablation volume was 8.7 cm(3) (range 4.84-17.55). Six of the 10 tumours demonstrated a pathological complete response (CR). Six of seven tumours ≤ 3 cm demonstrated a pathological CR. Zero of the three tumours ≥ 3 cm had a pathological CR, but all had ≥ 50% tumour necrosis. All patients survived and there were no ablation-related morbidities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MWA of liver tumours with tumour permittivity feedback control is feasible and appears effective for the treatment of small (< 3 cm) liver tumours.
authors.affiliation: Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ratanaprasatporn
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Charpentier
authors.forename: Murray
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Resnick
authors.forename: Shaolei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Damian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dupuy
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005246:Feedback; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden
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