title: Linguistic validation of the 20 item-chronic venous disease quality-of-life questionnaire (CIVIQ-20).
abstract: Our objective was to review the linguistic validation of the 20 item-ChronIc Venous dIsease quality-of-life Questionnaire (CIVIQ-20) in the countries that have used it since its publication in 1996. Seventeen linguistic versions of CIVIQ-20 were validated using forward/backward methodology in patients presenting with chronic venous disease, stages C0s to C4 of the CEAP (clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathological) classification (patients with venous ulcers were excluded). Most obstacles in the cross-cultural validation of CIVIQ-20 related to content and semantic equivalence. Confirmation of cultural relevance by experts with the native language as their mother tongue and the use of forward/backward translation methodology partly resolved these difficulties. CIVIQ-20 is valid for the assessment of treatment effects in multinational studies.
authors.affiliation: Réseau d'Evaluation en Economie de la Santé (REES), Paris, France launois.reesfrance@wanadoo.fr.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Launois
authors.affiliation: Vascular Surgery Unit, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Hospital CUF Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mansilha
authors.affiliation: Vascular Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spai n.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lozano
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D032882:Comprehension; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D014680:Veins / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: CIVIQ; Chronic venous disease; languages; linguistic validation; quality of life