title: Amniotic fluid protein profiles of intraamniotic inflammatory response to Ureaplasma spp. and other bacteria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate the amniotic fluid protein profiles and the intensity of intraamniotic inflammatory response to Ureaplasma spp. and other bacteria, using the multiplex xMAP technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study was undertaken in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. A total of 145 pregnant women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes between gestational age 24+0 and 36+6 weeks were included in the study. Amniocenteses were performed. The presence of Ureaplasma spp. and other bacteria was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The levels of specific proteins were determined using multiplex xMAP technology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of Ureaplasma spp. and other bacteria in the amniotic fluid was associated with increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, brain-derived neurotropic factor, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1, and matrix metalloproteinasis-9. Ureaplasma spp. were also associated with increased levels of neurotropin-3 and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of Ureaplasma spp. in the amniotic fluid is associated with a slightly different protein profile of inflammatory response, but the intensity of inflammatory response to Ureaplasma spp. is comparable with the inflammatory response to other bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. kacermar@fnhk.cz
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kacerovsky
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Celec
authors.forename: Barbora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vlkova
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Skogstrand
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hougaard
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cobo
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacobsson
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D014509:Ureaplasma / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins
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