title: Effects of intracisternal and intravenous dexmedetomidine on ischemia-induced brain injury in rat: a comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effect of dexmedetomidine administered by intracisternal route with by intravenous route on brain tissue of rat after incomplete cerebral ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cerebral ischemia was produced by the combination of right common carotid artery occlusion and hemorrhagic hypotension during 30 minutes. Thirty minutes before the ischemia, 0.1 ml 0.9% NaCl (Group SIC, n=6) or 9 μg/kg dexmedetomidine (Group DIC, n=6) was administered into the cisterna magna. For the intravenous groups, 9 μg/kg dexmedetomidine (Group DIV, n=6) or 0.9% NaCl (Group CONTROL, n=6) 5 ml/kg/h was given in 2 hours. After 24 hours, the lipid peroxidation levels were measured in the brain tissue and plasma. Hippocampal formations were used for histopathological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intravenous dexmedetomidine produced a decrease in baseline mean arterial blood pressure and plasma glucose concentrations. There was a significant difference between the DIV group and DIC, SIC, CONTROL groups regarding the brain lipid peroxidation levels (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p=0.001, respectively), and regarding the picnotic neuronal cell count (p < 0.001, p=0.01, p=0.009, respectively). Mean plasma lipid peroxidation levels of the DIV group was different from the DIC group (p=0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Systemically administered dexmedetomidine had neuroprotective effect in ischemia-induced neuronal damage, but centrally administered dexmedetomidine did not.
authors.affiliation: Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kirikkale, Turkey. arzuhct@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Emine Arzu
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kose
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bakar
authors.forename: Omur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kasimcan
authors.forename: Pergin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Atilla
authors.forename: Kamer
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kilinc
authors.forename: Sevda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muftuoglu
authors.forename: Alpaslan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Apan
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002946:Cisterna Magna; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology; D007267:Injections; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D001786:Blood Glucose; D020927:Dexmedetomidine