title: Renoprotective effect of aged garlic extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aged garlic extract (AGE) has been proven to exhibit antioxidant, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic and antidiabetic properties. However, its effect on diabetic nephropathy was unexplored. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the renoprotective effect of AGE in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Albino Wistar rats were induced with diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg b.w. of streptozotocin. Commercially available AGE was supplemented orally at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight/day. Aminoguanidine, which has been proven to be an anti-glycation agent was used as positive control and was supplemented at a dose of 1 g/L in drinking water. The serum and urinary biochemical parameters were analyzed in all the groups and at the end of 12 weeks follow up, the renal histological examination were performed using H & E and PAS staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diabetic rats showed a significant change in the urine (P < 0.001) and serum (P < 0.01) constituents such as albumin, creatinine, urea nitrogen and glycated hemoglobin. In addition, the serum lipid profile of the diabetic rats were altered significantly (P < 0.05) compared to that of the control rats. However, the diabetic rats supplemented with aged garlic extract restored all these biochemical changes. The efficacy of the extract was substantiated by the histopathological changes in the kidney.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From our results, we conclude that aged garlic extract has the ability to ameliorate kidney damage in diabetic rats and the renoprotective effect of AGE may be attributed to its anti-glycation and hypolipidemic activities.
authors.affiliation: Renal Research Lab, Biomedical Research Center, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore - 632 014, India.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Shiju
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Rajesh
authors.forename: Pragasam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viswanathan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005737:Garlic; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Aged garlic extract; anti-glycation; diabetes; diabetic nephropathy; hypolipidemic; renoprotective
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