title: Sleep education in pediatric residency programs: a cross-cultural look.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of education about sleep and sleep disorders in pediatric residency programs and to identify barriers to providing such education.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surveys were completed by directors of 152 pediatric residency programs across 10 countries (Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, United States-Canada, and Vietnam).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the average amount of time spent on sleep education is 4.4 hours (median = 2.0 hours), with 23% responding that their pediatric residency program provides no sleep education. Almost all programs (94.8%) offer less than 10 hours of instruction. The predominant topics covered include sleep-related development, as well as normal sleep, sleep-related breathing disorders, parasomnias, and behavioral insomnia of childhood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that there is still a need for more efforts to include sleep-related education in all pediatric residency programs, as well as coverage of the breadth of sleep-related topics. Such education would be consistent with the increased recognition of the importance of sleep and under-diagnosis of sleep disorders in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. jmindell@sju.edu
authors.forename: Jodi A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mindell
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bartle
authors.forename: Youngmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Mahesh Babu
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ramamurthy
authors.forename: Huynh Thi Duy
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Huong
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kohyama
authors.forename: Albert M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Nichara
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruangdaraganon
authors.forename: Rini
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sekartini
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Daniel Y T
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Goh
mesh_terms: D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003479:Curriculum / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D007396:Internship and Residency; D020447:Parasomnias / Q000175:diagnosis; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012890:Sleep; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
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