title: Potentiation of GABAA receptor activity by volatile anaesthetics is reduced by α5GABAA receptor-preferring inverse agonists.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Animal studies have shown that memory deficits in the early post-anaesthetic period can be prevented by pre-treatment with an inverse agonist that preferentially inhibits α5 subunit-containing γ-aminobutyric acid type A (α5GABA(A)) receptors. The goal of this in vitro study was to determine whether inverse agonists that inhibit α5GABA(A) receptors reduce anaesthetic potentiation of GABAA receptor activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cultures of hippocampal neurones were prepared from Swiss white mice, wild-type mice (genetic background C57BL/6J and Sv129Ev) and α5GABA(A)receptor null mutant (Gabra5-/-) mice. Whole-cell voltage clamp techniques were used to study the effects of the α5GABA(A) receptor-preferring inverse agonists L-655,708 and MRK-016 on anaesthetic potentiation of GABA-evoked currents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  L-655,708 (50 nM) reduced sevoflurane potentiation of GABA-evoked current in wild-type neurones but not Gabra5-/- neurones, and produced a rightward shift in the sevoflurane concentration-response plot [sevoflurane EC50: 1.9 (0.1) mM; sevoflurane+L-655,708 EC(50): 2.4 (0.2) mM, P<0.05]. Similarly, L-655,708 (50 nM) reduced isoflurane potentiation of GABA-evoked current [isoflurane: 4.0 (0.6) pA pF(-1); isoflurane+L-655,708: 3.1 (0.5) pA pF(-1), P<0.01]. MRK-016 also reduced sevoflurane and isoflurane enhancement of GABA-evoked current [sevoflurane: 1.5 (0.1) pA pF(-1); sevoflurane+MRK-016 (10 nM): 1.2 (0.1) pA pF(-1), P<0.05; isoflurane: 3.5 (0.3) pA pF(-1); isoflurane+MRK-016 (1 nM): 2.9 (0.2) pA pF(-1), P<0.05].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  L-655,708 and MRK-016 reduced the potentiation by inhaled anaesthetics of GABAA receptor activated by a low concentration of GABA. Future studies are required to determine whether this effect contributes to the memory preserving properties of inverse agonists after anaesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lecker
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Orser
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000172:deficiency / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014227:Triazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; C496250:Gabra5 protein, mouse; D007093:Imidazoles; D007555:Isoxazoles; C105490:L 655,708; C494554:MRK 016; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D014227:Triazines; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D007530:Isoflurane
keywords: anaesthetics volatile, sevoflurane, isoflurane; brain, GABA; electrophysiology
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