title: Effect of phosphate-buffered saline on push-out bond strength of a new bioceramic sealer to root canal dentin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to compare push-out bond strength of a new bioceramic endodontic sealer, EndoSequence BC sealer (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA), used with gutta-percha in the presence or absence of phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) within the root canals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty single-rooted human teeth were prepared and randomly divided into four groups. Samples in groups 1 and 2 were dried, but those in groups 3 and 4 were moistened with PBS before obturation. All root canals were obturated with gutta-percha/EndoSequence BC sealer. The specimens were stored in PBS for 7 days in groups 1 and 3 and for 2 months in groups 2 and 4. Push-out bond strength values and failure modes were evaluated. The data on push-out bond strength were analyzed using two-way ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean value for the bond strength of the obturation material in moistened canals was significantly higher than that in dried ones at 1 week (P = 0.00). Contrarily, there was no significant difference between dried and moistened root canals at 2 months (P = 0.61). In dried canals, bond strength increased significantly with time but in moistened ones, the difference was not significant. Inspection of the specimens revealed the bond failure to be mainly cohesive for all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of PBS within the root canals increased the bond strength of EndoSequence BC sealer/gutta-percha at 1 week. However, no difference was found between the bond strength of EndoSequence BC sealer/gutta-percha in the presence or absence of PBS in the root canals at 2 months.
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Center/Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Noushin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shokouhinejad
authors.forename: Atefeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoseini
authors.forename: Hedayat
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gorjestani
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raoof
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Assadian
authors.forename: Ahmad Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shamshiri
keywords: Bioceramic; bond strength; phosphate-buffered saline; root canal sealer
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2010 Sep;43(9):769-74
references.pmid: 20546044
references.citation: J Endod. 2007 Mar;33(3):272-5
references.pmid: 17320712
references.citation: J Endod. 2009 May;35(5):731-6
references.pmid: 19410094
references.citation: J Endod. 2006 Sep;32(9):894-6
references.pmid: 16934637
references.citation: J Endod. 2009 Feb;35(2):251-5
references.pmid: 19166784
references.citation: J Endod. 2010 Oct;36(10):1648-52
references.pmid: 20850670
references.citation: J Endod. 2003 Sep;29(9):595-601
references.pmid: 14503835
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2008 Nov;41(11):977-86
references.pmid: 19133087
references.citation: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2009 Jun;107(6):e79-82
references.pmid: 19464650
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2005 Nov;26(31):6113-21
references.pmid: 15927252
references.citation: J Endod. 2010 Dec;36(12):2000-2
references.pmid: 21092821
references.citation: J Endod. 2005 Feb;31(2):91-6
references.pmid: 15671816
references.citation: J Endod. 2010 May;36(5):851-7
references.pmid: 20416432
references.citation: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2005 May;73(2):244-51
references.pmid: 15793821
references.citation: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Nov;112(5):657-61
references.pmid: 21778087
references.citation: J Endod. 2011 May;37(5):673-7
references.pmid: 21496669
references.citation: J Endod. 2009 Jul;35(7):1051-5
references.pmid: 19567333
references.citation: J Endod. 2005 Feb;31(2):97-100
references.pmid: 15671817
references.citation: J Endod. 1991 Jul;17(7):324-31
references.pmid: 1779218
references.citation: J Endod. 2007 Nov;33(11):1347-51
references.pmid: 17963961
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2009 Jan;42(1):34-46
references.pmid: 19125978
references.citation: J Endod. 2005 Nov;31(11):809-13
references.pmid: 16249724