title: Inhibitory effects of water extract of Flos Inulae on mutation and tyrosinase.
abstract: In this study, the effects of a water extract of Flos Inulae (WFI) on antioxidant, antimutation and antityrosinase were investigated. The results showed that WFI inhibited the mutagenicity of 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA), an indirect mutagen; and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4-NQO), a direct mutagen toward Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100. In addition, WFI, in the range of 0.2-0.6 mg/ml, showed radical scavenging, reducing activities and chelating activity as well as decreased lipid oxidative damage. Meanwhile, WFI also inhibited tyrosinase activity and NO generation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated macrophages. High performance liquid chromatography analysis suggests that the major phenolic constituents in WFI are chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, luteolin and kaempferol. These bioactive components may contribute to the protective effects of WFI. The obtained data suggests that Flos Inulae can be applied to antimutation, antityrosinase and anti-inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, No. 60, Sec.1, Erren Rd., Rende Dist., Tainan City 717, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Ming-Hsing
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Huo-Mu
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Bor-Sen
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lee-Wen
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000201:enzymology; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase