title: In vivo effects of foam sclerotherapy on coagulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate whether foam sclerotherapy (FS) induces changes in CAT (calibrated automated thrombinography) and other coagulation parameters which could indicate an increased risk of thrombotic events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples from eight patients treated with FS were taken before treatment and 30 minutes, one and four hours and one week after treatment. CAT parameters (ETP1n, Peak1n, Lag time 1), thrombin antithrombin complexes (TAT), d-dimers, fibrinogen, Von Willebrand (vWf Ag) factor and platelet-derived microparticles (MIPAs) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant changes over time for Peak1n, fibrinogen, d-dimers, vWfAg and TAT complexes were observed. CAT parameters decreased over time, except for Lag time 1. D-dimers and TAT complexes increased and fibrinogen, vWf Ag, MIPA's decreased during the first hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings in this study support the hypothesis that FS initiate coagulation pathways, but there is no evidence that this activation results in an increased thrombosis risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands nh.shadid@mumc.nl.
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Shadid
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: van der Velden
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Oerle
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ten Cate
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Kolbach kliniek, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nelemans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions
keywords: coagulation; foam sclerotherapy; in vivo effects