title: Breaking heart: chronobiologic insights into takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
abstract: A considerable amount of evidence has shown that the major acute cardiovascular diseases, ie, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, stroke, pulmonary embolism, and rupture or dissection of aortic aneurysms do not occur randomly in time, but exhibit specific temporal patterns in their onset, according to time of day, month or season, and day of the week. This contributes to the definition of "chronorisk", where several factors, not harmful if taken alone, are capable of triggering unfavorable events when presenting all together within the same temporal window. This article reviews the actual knowledge about time of onset of takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, General and University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro, 44124 Cona, Ferrara, Italy. roberto.manfredini@unife.it
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manfredini
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salmi
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fabbian
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manfredini
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gallerani
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bossone
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002909:Chronobiology Phenomena; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D054549:Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists