title: Effects of black seed oil on resolution of hepato-renal toxicity induced bybromobenzene in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Volatile halocarbon, bromobenzene (BB), is frequently encountered in table-ready foods as contaminants residues. The objective of this study was to investigate whether black seed oil could attenuate hepato-renal injury induced by BB exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The evaluation was done through measuring liver oxidative stress markers: reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Hepatic succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) were estimated. Serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST, ALT) and alkaline phosphatase were also evaluated. Kidney function indices; blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, serum protein, nitric oxide (NO), Na-K-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+-K+-ATPase) and phospholipids were done. Liver and kidney histopathological analysis and collagen content were analyzed for results confirmation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with black seed oil (BSO) alleviated the elevation of GSH, SDH, LDH, G-6-Pase, serum protein, NO, Na+-K+-ATPase, phospholipids levels and attenuated MDA, SOD, AST, ALT and ALP. Diminution of collagen content and improvement in liver and kidney architectures were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BSO enhanced the hepato-renal protection mechanism, reduced disease complications and delayed its progression. Further studies are needed to identify the molecules responsible for its pharmacological effect.
authors.affiliation: Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. manal_hamed@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hamed
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: El-Rigal
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001969:Bromobenzenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D031881:Nigella sativa / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D029974:Carum
chemical_list: D001969:Bromobenzenes; D010938:Plant Oils; C104525:caraway oil; C032036:bromobenzene