title: Fabrication and evaluation of osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on novel CaO-SiO2-P2O5-B2O3 glass-ceramics.
abstract: Apatite-wollastonite glass-ceramics have high mechanical strength, and CaO-SiO2 -B2 O3 glass-ceramics showed excellent bioactivity and high biodegradability. A new type of CaO-SiO2 -P2 O5 -B2 O3 system of bioactive glass-ceramics (BGS-7) was fabricated, and the effect and usefulness was evaluated via bioactivity using simulated body fluid and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The purpose of this study was to compare BGS-7 and hydroxyapatite (HA) using hMSCs in order to evaluate the bioactivity of BGS-7 and its possibility as a bone graft extender. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity, cell proliferation 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt (MTS) assay, Alizarin Red-S (AR-S) staining, calcium levels, the mRNA expression of ALP, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx-2) using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the protein expression of osteocalcin and runx-2 using Western blot were measured by transplanting hMSC onto a tissue culture plate, HA, and BGS-7. The ALP staining and AR-S staining of BGS-7 was greater than that of HA and control. The ALP value of BGS-7 was significantly higher than that of HA and control. The MTS results showed that BGS-7 had a higher value than the groups transplanted onto HA and control on day 15. The calcium level was higher than the control in both HA and BGS-7, and was especially high in BGS-7. There were more mineral products on BGS-7 than on the HA when analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The mRNA expression of ALP, osteopontin, osteocalcin, and runx-2 were higher on BGS-7 than on HA and the control when analyzed by RT-PCR. The relative gene expression of osteopontin and runx-2 were found to be higher on BGS-7 than on HA and the control by Western blot. Accordingly, it is predicted that BGS-7 would have high biocompatibility and good osteoconductivity, and presents a possibility as a new bone graft extender.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. spinelee@snu.ac.kr
authors.forename: Jae Hyup
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jun-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Kyung Mee
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun-Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Hae-Ri
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Baek
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002516:Ceramics / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D019245:Compressive Strength; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005898:Glass; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics; D016062:Porosity; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C584244:CaO-SiO2-P2O5-B2O3 glass; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C493709:RUNX2 protein, human; C506895:SPP1 protein, human; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; C023506:Glass ceramics; D017886:Durapatite; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Bone graft extender; CaO-SiO2-P2O5-B2O3 glass-ceramics; Osteoblastic differentiation; Osteoconductivity