title: Sphingomonas ginsenosidivorax sp. nov., with the ability to transform ginsenosides.
abstract: A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterial strain designated KHI67(T) was isolated from sediment of the Gapcheon River in South Korea and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain KHI67(T) was observed to grow optimally at 25-30 °C and at pH 7.0 on nutrient and R2A agar. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain KHI67(T) was shown to belong to the family Sphingomonadaceae and was related to Sphingomonas faeni MA-olki(T) (97.6 % sequence similarity), Sphingomonas aerolata NW12(T) (97.5 %) and Sphingomonas aurantiaca MA101b(T) (97.3 %). The G + C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 65.6 %. The major ubiquinone was found to be Q-10, the major polyamine was identified as homospermidine and the major fatty acids identified were summed feature 8 (comprising C18:1 ω7c/ω6c; 37.0 %), C16:0 (13.0 %), summed feature 3 (comprising C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c; 12.8 %) and C14:0 2OH (9.3 %). DNA and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain KHI67(T) to the genus Sphingomonas. The DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain KHI67(T) and its closest phylogenetic neighbours were below 15 %. Strain KHI67(T) could be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from the recognised species of the genus Sphingomonas. The isolate therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Sphingomonas ginsenosidivorax sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain KHI67(T) (=KACC 14951(T) = JCM 17076(T) = LMG 25801(T)).
authors.affiliation: KI for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Xue-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Jin-Kwang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Qing-Mei
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Myung-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Feng-Xie
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Sun-Chang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Wan-Taek
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Im
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D001483:Base Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology*; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011073:Polyamines / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D020578:Sphingomonas / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D036145:Ginsenosides; D011073:Polyamines; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S