title: Cytokines signatures in short and long-term stable renal transplanted patients.
abstract: Despite the evidences showing the relevance of regulatory immune-mediated mechanisms to guarantee the stable graft function in renal transplanted patients, studies focusing on the immune response observed over a long-term period after renal transplantation are still limited. Several efforts have been done to establish novel biomarkers with relevant predictive values that could be used as prognostic laboratorial tools to monitor the complex network triggered through time after kidney transplantation. In this study, we have evaluated the pro-inflammatory and regulatory patterns of plasma cytokines in a group of 120 renal transplanted patients with stable graft function ranging from 1 to 160 months. Our data demonstrated an overall predominance of regulatory cytokines short-term after renal transplantation (1-24 months) with peaks of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10. Moreover, a slight peak of TNF-α was observed 25-60 months after renal transplantation. Following a gap of stable cytokine profile (61-120 months), peaks of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8, IL-6, IL1β, TNF-α and IL-12 were observed later on (>120 months) after renal transplantation. Additionally, the categorical analysis of "low" or "high" cytokine producers re-enforce the occurrence of an overall regulatory status early-after stable renal graft function with a predominant pro-inflammatory pattern later on long-term renal transplantation. Taken together, our data suggest that IL-5 is a good biomarker associated with short-term stable renal function, whereas IL-12 seems to be a relevant pro-inflammatory element in long-term renal transplanted patients.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula Lucas
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.forename: Sandra Simone
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Vilaça
authors.forename: Fernando Lucas
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: das Mercês
authors.forename: Melina de Barros
authors.initials: Mde B
authors.lastname: Pinheiro
authors.forename: Andréa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teixeira-Carvalho
authors.forename: Amanda Cardoso Oliveira
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.forename: Olindo Assis
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Martins-Filho
authors.forename: Karina Braga
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Luci Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dusse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D015848:Interleukin-5; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015847:Interleukin-4