title: Epidemiological aspects of American cutaneous leishmaniasis and phlebotomine sandfly population, in the municipality of Monte Negro, State of Rondônia, Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This work was carried out on the purpose of identifying the species of phlebotomine sandflies in the municipality of Monte Negro, state of Rondonia, Brazil, that may have been transmitting the American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL), and concisely describe epidemiological aspects of disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The epidemiologic and socioeconomical indicators were obtained from government institutions and the local Municipal Secretary of Health. Phlebotomine sandflies were captured using CDC light traps between July 2006 to July 2008. The total of 1,240 of female sandflies were examined by PCR method directed to k-DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There has been a significant decrease in the incidence of ACL of about 50% over the last ten years in the municipality. A total of 1,935 specimens of 53 sandfly species were captured, three of the genus Brumptomyia genus and 50 of the genus Lutzomyia. The predominant species was Lutzomyia acanthopharynx, Lutzomyia whitmani, Lutzomyia geniculata and Lutzomyia davisi. None were positive for Leishmania sp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Four sandflies species were found in the State of Rondonia for the first time: Brumptomyia brumpti, Lutzomyia tarapacaensis, Lutzomyia melloi and Lutzomyia lenti. The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis, was also captured. Socioeconomical improvement of Brazilian economy and the increase of environmental surveillance in the last 15 years collaborated in the decrease of people exposed to vectors, reducing the incidence of ACL.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade São Lucas, Porto Velho, RO, Brasil. carbioni2004@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Carolina Bioni Garcia
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Teles
authors.forename: Sergio Almeida
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Basano
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zagonel-Oliveira
authors.forename: Jimmy Joy
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Arley Faria José de
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Rui Alves de
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: Jansen Fernandes
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: Felipe Arley Costa
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Pessoa
authors.forename: Aldina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barral
authors.forename: Luís Marcelo Aranha
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Camargo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000145:classification*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D011156:Population Density; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000145:classification*; D012621:Seasons; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors