title: Death domain-associated protein DAXX promotes ovarian cancer development and chemoresistance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of DAXX in ovarian cancer development and metastasis has not been investigated before now.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overexpression of DAXX enhanced ovarian cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration, whereas Daxx depletion had the opposite effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DAXX promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ModulatingDAXXmay be an effective strategy for preventing the recurrence and chemoresistance of ovarian cancers. Understanding the genes involved in apoptosis and DNA damage responses may improve therapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer. The death domain-associated protein DAXX can be either a pro-apoptotic or an anti-apoptotic factor, depending on the cell type and context. In this study, we found that DAXX was highly expressed in human ovarian surface epithelial tumors but not in granulosa cell tumors. In cultured ovarian cancer cells, DAXX interacted with promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) and localized to subnuclear domains (so-called PML nuclear bodies). A role for DAXX in ovarian cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and radio/chemoresistance was examined. Overexpression of DAXX enhanced multiple ovarian cancer cell lines' proliferation, colony formation, and migration, whereas Daxx depletion by RNA interference had the opposite effects. When transplanted into nude mice, ovarian cancer cells that overexpressed DAXX displayed enhanced tumorigenesis capability in vivo, whereas Daxx depletion inhibited tumor development. Importantly, Daxx induced tumorigenic transformation of normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. Daxx also protected ovarian cancer cells against x-irradiation- and chemotherapy-induced DNA damage by interacting with PML. Taken together, our results suggest that DAXX is a novel ovarian cancer oncogene that promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. Thus, modulating DAXX-PML nuclear body activity may be an effective strategy for preventing the recurrence and chemoresistance of ovarian cancers.
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Jian-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiao-Man
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Lian-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Qing-Hua
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Heng-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D018293:Cystadenoma, Serous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D004249:DNA Damage; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; C106985:DAXX protein, human; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C070576:PML protein, human
keywords: Cell Migration; Cell Proliferation; Chemoresistance; DAXX; DNA Damage; Ovarian Cancer; PML
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