title: Interferon-γ and interleukin-17 production from PPD-stimulated PBMCss of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate Interferon (IFN)-γ and Interleukin(IL)-17 profiles in patients with different clinical presentations of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and to compare them with those of tuberculin-negative and tuberculin-reactive healthy controls
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCss), isolated from patients (n=52) and controls (n=30), were stimulated ex vivo with purified protein derivative (PPD) and IFN-γ and IL-17 levels in the supernatant were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, PBMCss from patients with TB released a significantly lower amount of IL-17 (p=0.043) than PBMCss from healthy controls, whereas IFN-γ levels were similar in the two groups. After PPD stimulation, a significant rise in IL-17 levels was found only among healthy controls (p=0.02). This rise in IL-17 levels was similar between tuberculin-reactive and tuberculin-negative subjects. After PPD stimulation, patients with infiltrative TB secreted higher levels of IL-17 and IFN-γ than those affected with chronic, miliary and cavitary TB (p < 0.01). IFN-γ production from patients with infiltrative TB was even higher than for healthy controls (p < 0.01). PBMCss from tuberculin-reactive patients released higher levels of IFN-γ than tuberculin-negative subjects after PPD stimulation (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ex vivo PPD stimulation of PBMCs from patients with pulmonary TB does not significantly stimulate IL-17 release; however, higher IL-17 and IFN-γ levels are found in patients with infiltrative disease, in comparison with those affected with miliary, cavitary and chronic TB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, Catania 95125, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nunnari
authors.forename: Marilia R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pinzone
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vancheri
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palermo
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cacopardo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014373:Tuberculin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D020381:Interleukin-17; D014373:Tuberculin; D007371:Interferon-gamma