title: The antifungal activity of the cuticular and internal fatty acid methyl esters and alcohols in Calliphora vomitoria.
abstract: SUMMARY The composition of the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and alcohol fractions of the cuticular and internal lipids of Calliphora vomitoria larvae, pupae and male/female adults was obtained by separating these two fractions by HPLC-LLSD and analysing them quantitatively using GC-MS. Analysis of the cuticular lipids of the worldwide, medically important ectoparasite C. vomitoria revealed 6 FAMEs with odd-numbered carbon chains from C15:0 to C19:0 in the larvae, while internal lipids contained 9 FAMEs ranging from C15:1 to C19:0. Seven FAMEs from C15:0 to C19:0 were identified in the cuticular lipids of the pupae, whereas the internal lipids of the pupae contained 10 FAMEs from C13:0 to C19:0. The cuticular lipids of males and females and also the internal lipids of males contained 5, 7 and 6 FAMEs from C15:0 to C19:0 respectively. Seven FAMEs from C13:0 to C19:0 were identified in the internal lipids of females, and 7, 6, 5 and 3 alcohols were found in the cuticular lipids of larvae, pupae, males and females respectively. Only saturated alcohols with even-numbered carbon chains were present in these lipids. Only 1 alcohol (C22:0) was detected in the internal lipids of C. vomitoria larvae, while just 4 alcohols from - C18:0 to C24:0 - were identified in the internal lipids of pupae, and males and females. We also identified glycerol and cholesterol in the larvae, pupae, males and females of C. vomitoria. The individual alcohols and FAMEs, as well as their mixtures isolated from the cuticular and internal lipids of larvae, pupae, males and females of C. vomitoria, demonstrated antimicrobial activity against entomopathogenic fungi.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdańsk, ul. Sobieskiego 18/19, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland. goleb@chem.univ.gda.pl
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gołębiowski
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cerkowniak
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dawgul
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kamysz
authors.forename: Mieczysława I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Boguś
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stepnowski
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004175:Diptera / Q000737:chemistry*; D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D007814:Larva / Q000737:chemistry; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D003904:Mitosporic Fungi / Q000187:drug effects*; D011679:Pupa / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D002784:Cholesterol; D005990:Glycerol