title: Lipoxygenase and urease inhibition of the aerial parts of the Polygonatum verticillatum.
abstract: Over expression of lipoxygenase (LOX) and urease has already contributed to the pathology of different human disease. Targeting the inhibition of these enzymes has proved great clinical utility. The aim of the present study was to scrutinised the inhibitory profile of the aerial parts of the Polygonatum verticillatum enzyme against LOX, urease, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using standard experimental protocols. When checked against lipoxygenase, the extracts revealed significant attenuation. Of the tested extracts, the ethyl acetate fraction was the most potent (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)): 97 µg/mL) followed by aqueous fraction IC(50): 109 µg/mL). Regarding urease inhibition, n-butanol was the most potent fraction (IC(50): 97 µg/mL). However, the extracts did not show significant inhibition on AChE and BChE. In the preliminary phytochemical tests, the aerial parts of the plant showed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins and terpenoids. The current findings could be attributed to these groups of compounds.
authors.affiliation: Gandhara College of Pharmacy, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan hkdr2006@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Haroon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Rukhsana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gaffar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gul
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Naila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Raziq
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000187:drug effects*; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031384:Polygonatum; D014510:Urease / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008084:Lipoxygenase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase; D014510:Urease
keywords: Polygonatum verticillatum; acetylcholinesterase; aerial parts; butyrylcholinesterase; lipoxygenase; urease