title: Cardioprotective activity of alcoholic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers in calcium chloride-induced cardiac arrhythmia in rats.
abstract: The present study investigated the antiarrhythmic activity of alcoholic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (T. cordifolia) in CaCl2 induced arrhythmia. CaCl2 (25 mg/kg) was administered by intravenous infusion (iv) to produce arrhythmia in rats. The animals were then treated with T. cordifolia extract (150, 250, and 450 mg/kg) and verapamil (5 mg/kg,iv). Lead II electrocardiogram was monitored. Plasma calcium, sodium and potassium levels were measured. In CaCl2 induced arrhythmia, heart rate was decreased by 41.10%, T. cordifolia at 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg decreased the heart rate by 26.30%, 29.16%, and 38.29%, respectively, and verapamil reduced the heart rate by 9.70% compared to the normal group. The PQRST waves were normalized and atrial and ventricular fibrillation was controlled in rats treated with verapamil and T. cordifolia. CaCl2 increased calcium and sodium levels and decreased potassium levels in blood. T. cordifolia dose-dependently decreased calcium and sodium levels and increased potassium levels. Hence, T. cordifolia can be used in antiarrhythmic clinical settings and beneficial in atrial and ventricular fibrillation and flutter and may be indicated in ventricular tachyarrhythmia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Gyan Vihar School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur (Rajasthan)302025, India.
authors.forename: Ashish Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Kunal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kishore
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: Shyam Sunder
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Santosh Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaur
authors.forename: Vijay Singh
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Jatav
keywords: Tinospora cordifolia; arrhythmia; cardioprotection.
references.citation: Circ Res. 1967 Jan;20(1):32-44
references.pmid: 5623945
references.citation: Clin Chem. 1955 Apr;1(2):125-33
references.pmid: 14364834
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 1998 May;61(1):1-7
references.pmid: 9687076
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2003 May;17(5):552-4
references.pmid: 12748997
references.citation: Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Nov;132(2):125-45
references.pmid: 21420430
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Jan;64(1):53-7
references.pmid: 10075122
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2004 Sep;18(9):785-7
references.pmid: 15478189
references.citation: Indian J Med Res. 1967 Jul;55(7):733-45
references.pmid: 6056285
references.citation: Pharmazie. 1998 Jan;53(1):24-8
references.pmid: 9476256
references.citation: Circ Res. 1954 Sep;2(5):452-9
references.pmid: 13190630
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 1991 May-Jun;33(1-2):193-6
references.pmid: 1943168
references.citation: Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Dec;28(12):2319-22
references.pmid: 16327173
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 1997 Jan;55(2):133-9
references.pmid: 9032626
references.citation: Eur J Pharm Sci. 2009 Dec 8;38(5):433-44
references.pmid: 19765654
references.citation: Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1986 Sep;334(1):105-9
references.pmid: 3491328
references.citation: Pharmacol Rev. 1963 Jun;15:277-332
references.pmid: 13994011