title: Anti-inflammatory activity of ethyl acetate fraction of the seeds of Brucea Javanica.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The seeds of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. (Yadanzi in Chinese) have been used for the treatment of inflammation, dysentery, malaria, and cancer in Chinese traditional medicine. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Brucea javanica has not been fully elucidated. This study examined the anti-inflammatory activity of ethyl acetate fraction of the seeds of Brucea javanica (EA-BJ) in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  The anti-inflammatory activity of EA-BJ and its ability to modulate the production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage were evaluated. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory activity of EA-BJ was also in vivo assayed by carrageenan induced paw edema in mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro assays showed remarkable anti-inflammatory activity of EA-BJ, through the inhibition of production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 inflammatory mediators and induction of production of IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine. In vivo assays showed anti-inflammatory activity for decrement of the paw edema in carrageenan induced paw edema test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained in vitro and in vivo showed that possible anti-inflammatory effects of EA-BJ may be attributed to inhibition pro-inflammatory mediators production, NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and to increase production of IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine. The seeds of Brucea javanica may thus prove beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Jianhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shucai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Caifeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Haoyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D032269:Brucea; D002351:Carrageenan; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C007650:ethyl acetate; D002351:Carrageenan; D015232:Dinoprostone