title: Regenerative phonosurgical treatments for vocal fold scar and sulcus with basic fibroblast growth factor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vocal fold scar and sulcus are still challenges. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has proven to be effective to resolve scar tissue in animal models. This study reports the efficacy of regenerative treatments using bFGF on vocal fold scar and sulcus in human cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen cases (7 scar; 8 sulcus) were treated by either local injection of bFGF (n = 6) or regenerative surgery using bFGF (n = 9). Injection regimen was to locally apply 10 micrograms of bFGF in 0.5 mL saline into each vocal fold under topical anesthesia repeatedly (4 times with intervals of 1 week between each injection). The regenerative surgical procedure consisted of the dissection of scar tissue and the implant of gelatin sponge with bFGF. Follow-up periods ranged from 6 months to 24 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maximum Phonation Time (MPT); Voice Handicap Index (VHI)-10; and Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain (GRBAS) scale were assessed in both groups. The injection group showed significant improvement on VHI-10 and GRBAS. The regenerative surgery group showed significant improvement in all parameters. Jitter and shimmer were evaluated in the surgery group, and the results indicated improvement in six and five cases of nine cases, respectively. No major adverse effects were observed in both treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regenerative treatments using bFGF has shown to be effective for improvement of vocal function in scar and sulcus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizuta
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tateya
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanemaru
authors.forename: Juichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012038:Regeneration; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2
keywords: Vocal fold scar; basic fibroblast growth factor; regenerative medicine; sulcus