title: Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Pediatric Parenting Stress Inventory (PPSI).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This work evaluated the psychometric properties of the Pediatric Parenting Stress Inventory (PPSI), a new measure of problems and distress experienced by parents of children with chronic illnesses.
  
  
  METHODS
  This secondary data analysis used baseline data from 1 sample of English-, Spanish-, and Hebrew-speaking mothers of children recently diagnosed with cancer (n = 449) and 1 sample of English- and Spanish-speaking mothers of children recently diagnosed with cancer (n = 399) who participated in 2 problem-solving skills training interventions. The PPSI was administered at baseline with other measures of maternal distress. Factor structure was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on the first sample and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on both samples. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Construct validity was assessed via Spearman correlations with measures of maternal distress.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EFA resulted in a stable four-factor solution with 35 items. CFA indicated that the four-factor solution demonstrated reasonable fit in both samples. Internal consistency of the subscales and full scale was adequate to excellent. Construct validity was supported by moderate to strong correlations with measures of maternal distress, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PPSI demonstrated good psychometric properties in assessing current problems and distress experienced by mothers of children newly diagnosed with cancer. This tool may be used to identify individualized targets for intervention in families of children with cancer. Future studies could evaluate the utility and psychometrics of the PPSI with other pediatric populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center.
authors.forename: Katie A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Devine
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center.
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Heckler
authors.affiliation: Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Ernest R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Colorado School of Public Health.
authors.forename: Diane L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Fairclough
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phipps
authors.affiliation: Jonathan Jaques Children's Cancer Center, Miller Children's Hospital.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sherman-Bien
authors.affiliation: Ariel University Center.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Dolgin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh.
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Noll
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Cancer Hospital at MD Anderson Cancer Center.
authors.forename: Martha A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Askins
authors.affiliation: The Austin Hatcher Foundation for Pediatric Cancer.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center.
authors.forename: Olle Jane Z
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Sahler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
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