title: Dietary fat quality in regular fat diets has minor effects on biomarkers of inflammation in obese Zucker rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adipose tissue-associated chronic inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases. Dietary fatty acids are known to influence inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to investigate, whether diets with regular fat contents but variable fat qualities affect adipose tissue-associated inflammation through the fatty acid composition of mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Obese Zucker rats were fed diets containing 7 % wt:wt rapeseed oil, corn oil, or lard for 10 weeks. Fatty acid composition and endocrine function regarding adipokines and cytokines of MAT, number of total CD3(+) T cells, and cytokine secretion of mesenteric lymph node (MLN)-derived lymphocytes were determined. Local effects in MAT and MLN were compared to systemic effects assessed in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fatty acid composition of MAT reflected dietary fatty acid intake, without affecting endocrine function. Feeding the lard diet for 10 weeks increased the serum adiponectin and TNF-α secretion of blood lymphocytes, whereas CD3(+) T cells in blood were decreased. No effects were seen for the secretion of adipokines and cytokines from MAT, the amount of T cells in MLN, and cytokine secretion of MLN lymphocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, feeding obese rats a diet with regular fat content but variable fat sources for 10 weeks, changed the fatty acid composition of MAT but not its secretory properties or MLN functions. Although the local immune system was not influenced, lard-feeding induced minor changes in systemic immune function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany, daniela.graf@mri.bund.de.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: Stephan W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bub
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Narr
authors.forename: Corinna E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rüfer
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Watzl
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seifert
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003314:Corn Oil; D002784:Cholesterol; C029310:lard
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