title: Genetic diversity revealed by single nucleotide polymorphism markers in a worldwide germplasm collection of durum wheat.
abstract: Evaluation of genetic diversity and genetic structure in crops has important implications for plant breeding programs and the conservation of genetic resources. Newly developed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers are effective in detecting genetic diversity. In the present study, a worldwide durum wheat collection consisting of 150 accessions was used. Genetic diversity and genetic structure were investigated using 946 polymorphic SNP markers covering the whole genome of tetraploid wheat. Genetic structure was greatly impacted by multiple factors, such as environmental conditions, breeding methods reflected by release periods of varieties, and gene flows via human activities. A loss of genetic diversity was observed from landraces and old cultivars to the modern cultivars released during periods of the Early Green Revolution, but an increase in cultivars released during the Post Green Revolution. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of genetic diversity among the 10 mega ecogeographical regions indicated that South America, North America, and Europe possessed the richest genetic variability, while the Middle East showed moderate levels of genetic diversity.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China. mcluo@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Daokun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Jirui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yunliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Eviatar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nevo
authors.forename: Dongfa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Ming-Cheng
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Junhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005819:Genetic Markers; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D010802:Phylogeny; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics*; D014908:Triticum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers
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