title: Mitral valve plasty for idiopathic rupture of mitral valve posterior chordae in infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Idiopathic mitral valve chordal rupture is rare among infants. Once it has occurred, acute heart failure progresses, and emergency surgical repair is necessary in most cases. Our surgical experience with idiopathic mitral valve chordal rupture is reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  From September 2008 to May 2012, four infants (3 males, 1 female; median age 5.5 months) underwent mitral valve plasty for severe mitral valve regurgitation due to prolapse of posterior mitral valve leaflet. Patient history, surgical procedure, operation time, mortality, postoperative echocardiography data (mitral valve regurgitation grade: 0-trivial, mild, moderate, severe, transmitral flow: TMF) and pathology were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three cases required emergency surgery; 1 case, elective surgery. Intraoperative findings showed chordal rupture of the P2 segment in 3 cases and P1 + P3 segments in 1 case. Quadrangular resection with annular plication was performed for 1 case. Quadrangular resection with annular plication and the Kay procedure were performed for 3 cases. Mitral valve regurgitation improved from severe to trivial-mild in all cases. Pathological examination showed a myxomatous degenerative change in the mitral valve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mitral valve plasty was performed for idiopathic mitral valve chordal rupture in infants. The surgical procedures were the same as for adult cases and achieved satisfactory results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hokkaido Medical Center for Child Health and Rehabilitation.
authors.forename: Yohsuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yanase
authors.forename: Natsuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higami
mesh_terms: D002815:Chordae Tendineae / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006341:Heart Rupture / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D058386:Mitral Valve Annuloplasty; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008945:Mitral Valve Prolapse / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D016896:Treatment Outcome