title: Mutations in MCT8 in patients with Allan-Herndon-Dudley-syndrome affecting its cellular distribution.
abstract: Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is a thyroid hormone (TH)-specific transporter. Mutations in the MCT8 gene are associated with Allan-Herndon-Dudley Syndrome (AHDS), consisting of severe psychomotor retardation and disturbed TH parameters. To study the functional consequences of different MCT8 mutations in detail, we combined functional analysis in different cell types with live-cell imaging of the cellular distribution of seven mutations that we identified in patients with AHDS. We used two cell models to study the mutations in vitro: 1) transiently transfected COS1 and JEG3 cells, and 2) stably transfected Flp-in 293 cells expressing a MCT8-cyan fluorescent protein construct. All seven mutants were expressed at the protein level and showed a defect in T3 and T4 transport in uptake and metabolism studies. Three mutants (G282C, P537L, and G558D) had residual uptake activity in Flp-in 293 and COS1 cells, but not in JEG3 cells. Four mutants (G221R, P321L, D453V, P537L) were expressed at the plasma membrane. The mobility in the plasma membrane of P537L was similar to WT, but the mobility of P321L was altered. The other mutants studied (insV236, G282C, G558D) were predominantly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. In essence, loss of function by MCT8 mutations can be divided in two groups: mutations that result in partial or complete loss of transport activity (G221R, P321L, D453V, P537L) and mutations that mainly disturb protein expression and trafficking (insV236, G282C, G558D). The cell type-dependent results suggest that MCT8 mutations in AHDS patients may have tissue-specific effects on TH transport probably caused by tissue-specific expression of yet unknown MCT8-interacting proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kersseboom
authors.forename: Gert-Jan
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kremers
authors.forename: Edith C H
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Friesema
authors.forename: W Edward
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Klootwijk
authors.forename: Robin P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: Theo J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Visser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002457:Cell Extracts; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D036681:Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D038901:X-Linked Intellectual Disability / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters / Q000235:genetics*; D009123:Muscle Hypotonia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D021381:Protein Transport; D027981:Symporters; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters; C090735:SLC16A2 protein, human; D027981:Symporters; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013974:Thyroxine
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