title: Cytotoxic effect of Agaricus bisporus and Lactarius rufus β-D-glucans on HepG2 cells.
abstract: The cytotoxic activity of β-D-glucans isolated from Agaricus bisporus and Lactarius rufus fruiting bodies was evaluated on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). NMR and methylation analysis suggest that these β-d-glucans were composed of a linear (1→6)-linked and a branched (1→3), (1→6)-linked backbone, respectively. They both decreased cell viability at concentrations of up to 100 μg mL(-1), as shown by MTT assay. The amount of LDH released and the analysis of cell morphology corroborated these values and also showed that the β-D-glucan of L. rufus was more cytotoxic to HepG2 cells than that of A. bisporus. The treatment of HepG2 cells with L. rufus and A. bisporus β-D-glucans at a dose of 200 μg mL(-1) for 24h promoted an increase of cytochrome c release and a decrease of ATP content, suggesting that these polysaccharides could promote cell death by apoptosis. Both β-D-glucans were tested against murine primary hepatocytes at a dose of 200 μg mL(-1). The results suggest that the L. rufus β-d-glucan was as cytotoxic for hepatocytes as for HepG2 cells, whereas the A. bisporus β-D-glucan, under the same conditions, was cytotoxic only for HepG2 cells, suggesting cell selectivity. These results open new possibilities for use of mushroom β-D-glucans in cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda do Rocio Andrade
authors.initials: Ado R
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: Andrea Caroline
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ruthes
authors.forename: Silvia Maria Suter Correia
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cadena
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Acco
authors.forename: Philip Albert James
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Gorin
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iacomini
mesh_terms: D000364:Agaricus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides; D047071:beta-Glucans; D045304:Cytochromes c; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase