title: Electroacupuncture on PC6 prevents opioid-induced nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the treatment time dependence of electroacupuncture (EA) on Neiguan (PC6) for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seventy-eight patients, who had received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with Fentanyl, were assigned randomly to three groups using random numbers: a pre-operative EA group (PrEA), a post-operative EA group (PoEA), and a non-acupuncture control group (NC). An anesthetist evaluated the incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting for 48 h after surgery blindly. The main outcomes were severity and freguency of PONV, which were measured with a self-reported questionnaire and a confirmation from the anesthetist. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Z-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly lower in the PrEA group than the NC group during 48 h after surgery (P<0.01, P<0.05). The incidence of vomiting was also significantly lower in the PrEA group than the PoEA group (P<0.05). The PoEA subjects evidenced no significant differences compared with the NC subjects in terms of the incidence of nausea and vomiting (P<0.05). The severity of nausea was significantly lower in the PrEA group than in the NC and PoEA groups (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EA on PC6 is effective in the prevention of PONV, and pre-operative acupuncture is more effective than post-operative acupuncture.
authors.affiliation: Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, University of Science and Technology Daejeon, Daejeon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Siwoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Myeong Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Deok Hwa
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Su Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015671:Electroacupuncture; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid
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