title: T2 and T2* magnetic resonance imaging sequences predict brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely used in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) animal models and patients. In the current study, we examined whether MRI can predict at-risk brain tissue during the acute phase and long-term brain tissue loss after ICH. Male Sprague-Dawley rats had an intracaudate injection of autologous whole blood (10, 50 or 100 μL). MRI (T2 and T2*) sequences were performed at days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28. The volume of brain tissue at risk was calculated as the difference between T2 and T2* lesion volumes. Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa (DARPP-32) was used as a neuronal marker in the basal ganglia. Brain swelling at day 3 and brain tissue loss at day 28 after ICH were also measured. We found that the difference in lesion volumes between T2 and T2* measured by MRI coincided well with the difference between the volume of the DARPP-32-negative area and that of the hematoma measured in brain sections. Volumes of brain tissue at risk at day 3 correlated with the brain swelling at day 3 (p < 0.01) as well as the final brain tissue loss at day 28 (n = 9, p < 0.05). The results suggest that the difference between T2 lesions and T2* lesions could be an indicator of at-risk brain tissue and it could be used as a predictor of neuronal loss in ICH patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shukun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Keep
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32 / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32