title: The effects on helplessness and recovery of an empowerment program for hospitalized persons with schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study aim was to evaluate the effects on helplessness and recovery of an empowering program for patients with chronic schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A repeated-measure design with a control group was used. The subjects consisted of 46 patients with schizophrenia admitted in three psychiatric hospitals in South Korea. The experimental group (n = 23) received the empowering program twice a week for 60 min, with a total of 6 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This finding revealed that the empowering program was effective on helplessness (F = 185.218, p <.001) and recovery (F = 159.402, p <.001, F = 34.154, p <.001) of hospitalized persons with schizophrenia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that the empowering program can be a useful psychiatric nursing intervention.
authors.affiliation: Suncheon Eun Hospital, Suncheon, Chonnam, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Ah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung Mi
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011209:Power, Psychological; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000379:methods; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult