title: The gene space in wheat: the complete γ-gliadin gene family from the wheat cultivar Chinese Spring.
abstract: The complete set of unique γ-gliadin genes is described for the wheat cultivar Chinese Spring using a combination of expressed sequence tag (EST) and Roche 454 DNA sequences. Assemblies of Chinese Spring ESTs yielded 11 different γ-gliadin gene sequences. Two of the sequences encode identical polypeptides and are assumed to be the result of a recent gene duplication. One gene has a 3' coding mutation that changes the reading frame in the final eight codons. A second assembly of Chinese Spring γ-gliadin sequences was generated using Roche 454 total genomic DNA sequences. The 454 assembly confirmed the same 11 active genes as the EST assembly plus two pseudogenes not represented by ESTs. These 13 γ-gliadin sequences represent the complete unique set of γ-gliadin genes for cv Chinese Spring, although not ruled out are additional genes that are exact duplications of these 13 genes. A comparison with the ESTs of two other hexaploid cultivars (Butte 86 and Recital) finds that the most active genes are present in all three cultivars, with exceptions likely due to too few ESTs for detection in Butte 86 and Recital. A comparison of the numbers of ESTs per gene indicates differential levels of expression within the γ-gliadin gene family. Genome assignments were made for 6 of the 13 Chinese Spring γ-gliadin genes, i.e., one assignment from a match to two γ-gliadin genes found within a tetraploid wheat A genome BAC and four genes that match four distinct γ-gliadin sequences assembled from Roche 454 sequences from Aegilops tauschii, the hexaploid wheat D-genome ancestor.
authors.affiliation: Genomics and Gene Discovery Research Unit, Western Regional Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA. olin.anderson@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Olin D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Naxin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.forename: Yong Q
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D017124:Conserved Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D005903:Gliadin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D011123:Polyploidy; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D020449:Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid / Q000235:genetics; D012621:Seasons; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D010455:Peptides; D005903:Gliadin
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