title: Prior determination of baseline minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane does not influence the effect of ketamine on MAC in rabbits.
abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the effect on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane when ketamine was administered either after or without prior determination of the baseline MAC of isoflurane in rabbits. Using a prospective randomized crossover study, 8 adult, female New Zealand rabbits were allocated to 2 treatment groups. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane. Group 1 (same-day determination) had the MAC-sparing effect of ketamine [1 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) bolus followed by a constant rate infusion (CRI) of 40 μg/kg BW per min, given by intravenous (IV)], which was determined after the baseline MAC of isoflurane was determined beforehand. A third MAC determination was started 30 min after stopping the CRI. Group 2 (separate-day determination) had the MAC-sparing effect of ketamine determined without previous determination of the baseline MAC of isoflurane. A second MAC determination was started 30 min after stopping the CRI. In group 1, the MAC of isoflurane (2.15 ± 0.09%) was significantly decreased by ketamine (1.63 ± 0.07%). After stopping the CRI, the MAC was significantly less (2.04 ± 0.11%) than the baseline MAC of isoflurane and significantly greater than the MAC during the CRI. In group 2, ketamine decreased isoflurane MAC (1.53 ± 0.22%) and the MAC increased significantly (1.94 ± 0.25%) after stopping the CRI. Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) values did not differ significantly between the groups either during ketamine administration or after stopping ketamine. Under the study conditions, prior determination of the baseline isoflurane MAC did not alter the effect of ketamine on MAC. Both methods of determining MAC seemed to be valid for research purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1. gianotti@vet.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gianotti
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valverde
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: Doris H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Dyson
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007649:Ketamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D007649:Ketamine; D007530:Isoflurane
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