title: Higher serum glucose levels are associated with cerebral hypometabolism in Alzheimer regions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether higher fasting serum glucose levels in cognitively normal, nondiabetic adults were associated with lower regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (rCMRgl) in brain regions preferentially affected by Alzheimer disease (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional study of 124 cognitively normal persons aged 64 ± 6 years with a first-degree family history of AD, including 61 APOEε4 noncarriers and 63 carriers. An automated brain mapping algorithm characterized and compared correlations between higher fasting serum glucose levels and lower [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET rCMRgl measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As predicted, higher fasting serum glucose levels were significantly correlated with lower rCMRgl and were confined to the vicinity of brain regions preferentially affected by AD. A similar pattern of regional correlations occurred in the APOEε4 noncarriers and carriers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher fasting serum glucose levels in cognitively normal, nondiabetic adults may be associated with AD pathophysiology. Findings suggest that the risk imparted by higher serum glucose levels may be independent of APOEε4 status. This study raises additional questions about the role of the metabolic process in the predisposition to AD and supports the possibility of targeting these processes in presymptomatic AD trials.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. cmburns@email.arizona.edu
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Kewei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Alfred W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Kaszniak
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Gene E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bandy
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Fleisher
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Caselli
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Reiman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001786:Blood Glucose
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