title: Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and prediabetes and associated risk factors: a community-based screening in Zhuhai, Southern China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and prediabetes has increased in China, and at different rates in different locations. Therefore a community-based screening research was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of CKD and prediabetes, and to analyze associated risk factors of CKD and prediabetes in a city of Southern China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 7801 community residents aged 18 year and older from 6 communities were screened by a stratified random cluster sampling method. An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured. Age-standardized prevalence was calculated by the direct method with the use of data on the population distribution in China in 2006. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of CKD and prediabetes, and association of insulin resistance (IR) with CKD and prediabetes was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age-standardized prevalence of CKD was 12.5%, eGFR < 60 ml×min(-1)×1.73 m(-2) was 2.7% and ACR (albumin to creatinine ratio) > 30 mg/g was 10.3%. The age-standardized prevalence of prediabetes was 12.1%. Logistic regression suggests that IR was a common independent risk factor of CKD and prediabetes. Further analysis show that HOMA-IR was increased with the aggravation of kidney injury and FPG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CKD and prediabetes have become a major public health problem in Zhuhai, Southern China; insulin resistance may be an important risk factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
authors.forename: Dong-Feng
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Yan-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: You-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hong-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ya-Nan
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Xin-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong-Qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Ying-Shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhi-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: He-Qun
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires