title: Catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias: targets, tactics, and tools.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Drug-refractory ventricular tachycardia in the setting of structural heart disease results in frequent implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapies and an increased risk of heart failure. Management requires catheter ablation procedures for effective suppression of the arrhythmia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Imaging and electroanatomic mapping technologies provide new insights into the myocardial structural abnormalities responsible for ventricular tachycardia. Integration of imaging data with three-dimensional mapping systems coupled with improved targeting of abnormal electrical signals may improve the ablation outcomes. New ablation tools show promise for the effective ablation of previously unreachable myocardial ventricular tachycardia circuits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Catheter ablation procedures have evolved over the last 2 decades. Improved technology may contribute to more widespread utilization of catheter ablation in the future.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA. jwinterfield@lumc.edu
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Winterfield
authors.forename: Srijoy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahapatra
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wilber
mesh_terms: D057791:Cardiac Imaging Techniques; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006801:Humans; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome