title: Frequency of cigarette smoking among psychiatric inpatients evaluated by the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study our aim was to determine the rate of smoking in a sample of psychiatric in-patients with diagnoses of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression and to examine factors related to smoking status and the level of dependence in this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 160 people were included in this descriptive study. 80 were inpatients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression and 80 people without any psychiatric diagnoses were included as a control group. The participants were interviewed face-to face using a semi-structured questionnaire and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence was used to define smoking habits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the participants was 37.24 ∓ 12.19 years ranging from 18 to 81 years, 54.4% of the participants were (n=87) female, and 45.6% cases (n=73) were male. 70% (n=56) of the patients and 55% of the control group were smoking and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). Total score of Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence in the patient group was statistically significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our sample, the frequency of cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence among psychiatric inpatients was high, posing a high risk for smoking related diseases including cancers; therefore there should be counseling on tobacco control and smoking cessation programming targeting this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey. otanriover@yeditepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tanriover
authors.forename: Nesrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karamustafalioglu
authors.forename: Zehra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tezvaran
authors.forename: Asli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Nesrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomruk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult