title: The significance of the senescence pathway in breast cancer progression.
abstract: Invasive breast cancer develops through prolonged accumulation of multiple genetic changes. The progression to a malignant phenotype requires overriding of growth inhibition. It is evident that some breast cancers have an inherited basis, and both hereditary and sporadic cancers appear to involve molecular mechanisms that are linked to the cell cycle. Frequently, changes in the molecular pathways with gene deletions, point mutations and/or overexpression of growth factors can be seen in these cancers. Recent evidence also implicates the senescence pathway in breast carcinogenesis. It has a barrier effect towards excessive cellular growth, acting as the regulator of tumour initiation and progression. Later in carcinogenesis, acquisition of the senescence associated secretory phenotype may instead promote tumour progression by stimulating growth and transformation in adjacent cells. This two-edge role of senescence in cancer directs more investigations into the effects of the senescence pathway in the development of malignancy. This review presents the current evidence on the roles of senescence molecular pathways in breast cancer and its progression.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Rahmawati
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pare
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Joo-Shik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Cheok Soon
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001940:Breast / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D005260:Female; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; C107989:BHLHE40 protein, human; C451501:TNFRSF10D protein, human
keywords: BREAST CANCER; CANCER RESEARCH; CELLULAR SENESCENCE