title: Systematic qualitative and quantitative assessment of anthocyanins, flavones and flavonols in the petals of 108 lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) cultivars.
abstract: Petal colour is one of the major characteristics that determine the ornamental value of lotus. To assess the contribution of different flavonoids to this character, composition and content of anthocyanins, flavones and flavonols were analysed through high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection tandem electrospray ionisation triple quad mass spectrometry in 108 lotus cultivars with red, pink, yellow, white and red/white pied petal colours. Totally, five anthocyanins and fourteen flavones and flavonols were detected and quantified. In general, the yellow, white and pied species hardly contained any anthocyanins; red cultivars contain more than pink cultivars. Among the five anthocyanins, malvidin 3-O-glucoside was the most abundant one in all the cultivars that contain anthocyanin. The fourteen flavones and flavonols belonged to four groups based on their aglycones. Except for the yellow cultivars, kaempferol-derivatives were the most abundant one. These data might be helpful in lotus breeding for different colours.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Speciality Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Sha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiaojian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shaohua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Pingfang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D003116:Color; D047309:Flavones / Q000737:chemistry*; D044948:Flavonols / Q000737:chemistry*; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D031653:Nelumbo / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D047309:Flavones; D044948:Flavonols; D010936:Plant Extracts