title: Fatal case of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype infection in an injecting drug user, Athens, Greece, 2012.
abstract: We present the first fatal case of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in an injecting drug user (IDU) in Athens, Greece, co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus and discuss the implications for public health. Despite immediate initiation of treatment, the patient's condition gradually deteriorated and he died 16 days after hospital admission because of multiple organ failure. The contact tracing investigation revealed no further infections among the patient's contacts.
authors.affiliation: HIV-Unit, Andreas Sygros University Hospital for Dermatology and Venerology, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leuow
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Papaventsis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kourkoundi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karabela
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsikrika
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marinou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papavasileiou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Drobniewski
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paparisos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vogiatzakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D060085:Coinfection; D016358:Contact Tracing; D024921:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D054908:Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010349:Patient Compliance; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications*