title: The influence of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations on resting-state functional connectivity.
abstract: Studies of brain functional connectivity have provided a better understanding of organization and integration of large-scale brain networks. Functional connectivity using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is typically based upon the correlations of the low-frequency fluctuation of fMRI signals. Reproducible spatial maps in the brain have also been observed using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in resting-state. However, little is known about the influence of the ALFF on the functional connectivity measures. In the present study, we analyzed resting-state fMRI data on 79 healthy old individuals. Spatial independent component analysis and regions of interest (ROIs) based connectivity analysis were performed to obtain measures of functional connectivity. ALFF maps were also calculated. First, voxel-matched inter-subject correlations were computed between back-reconstructed IC and ALFF maps. For all the resting-state networks, there was a consistent correlation between ALFF variability and network strengths (within regions that had high IC strengths). Next, inter-subject variance of correlations across 160 functionally defined ROIs were correlated with the corresponding ALFF variance. The connectivity of several ROIs to other regions were more likely to correlate with its own regional ALFF. These regions were mainly located in the anterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus, insula, basal ganglia, and thalamus. These associations may suggest a functional significance of functional connectivity modulations. Alternatively, the fluctuation amplitudes may arise from physiological noises, and therefore, need to be controlled when studying resting-state functional connectivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Di
authors.forename: Eun H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chu-Chung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shih-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Ching-Po
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Bharat B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Biswal
keywords: ALFF; basal ganglia; brain network; default mode network; independent component analysis; insula; thalamus
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 May 1;50(4):1690-701
references.pmid: 20079856
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e30570
references.pmid: 22276215
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Mar 9;107(10):4734-9
references.pmid: 20176931
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Jan 22;457(7228):475-9
references.pmid: 19158795
references.citation: PLoS Comput Biol. 2008 Jul 04;4(7):e1000106
references.pmid: 18604265
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2013 Jan 1;64:112-9
references.pmid: 23000786
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 5;102(27):9673-8
references.pmid: 15976020
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2005 May 29;360(1457):1001-13
references.pmid: 16087444
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Feb 14;109(7):2619-24
references.pmid: 22308408
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2011 Mar 1;55(1):8-23
references.pmid: 21111053
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Feb 3;95(3):803-10
references.pmid: 9448244
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2001 Nov;14(3):140-51
references.pmid: 11559959
references.citation: PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e25031
references.pmid: 21949842
references.citation: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2000 Oct;21(9):1636-44
references.pmid: 11039342
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2011 May 25;31(21):7775-83
references.pmid: 21613490
references.citation: Front Syst Neurosci. 2010 Sep 20;4:
references.pmid: 20941370
references.citation: Arch Ital Biol. 2010 Sep;148(3):323-37
references.pmid: 21175017
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Oct 1;47(4):1408-16
references.pmid: 19442749
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2007 Aug 15;37(2):579-88
references.pmid: 17604651
references.citation: Radiology. 2011 Sep;260(3):831-40
references.pmid: 21775670
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2006 Jul 15;31(4):1536-48
references.pmid: 16632379
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2011 Dec;32(12):2075-95
references.pmid: 21162045
references.citation: Science. 2010 Sep 10;329(5997):1358-61
references.pmid: 20829489
references.citation: Magn Reson Imaging. 2007 Dec;25(10):1358-69
references.pmid: 17482411
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2012 Dec;22(12):2784-93
references.pmid: 22186675
references.citation: Brain Connect. 2012;2(1):25-32
references.pmid: 22432927
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2008 Jul 1;6(7):e159
references.pmid: 18597554
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2014 Jan;35(1):161-72
references.pmid: 22987670
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Feb 15;49(4):2901-6
references.pmid: 19963069
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2008 Oct 15;43(1):90-102
references.pmid: 18656545
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2011 Mar 23;31(12):4496-503
references.pmid: 21430150
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2009 Sep;30(9):2731-45
references.pmid: 19072897
references.citation: Magn Reson Med. 1995 Oct;34(4):537-41
references.pmid: 8524021
references.citation: Brain Dev. 2007 Mar;29(2):83-91
references.pmid: 16919409
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Feb 1;63(3):332-7
references.pmid: 17888409
references.citation: Open Neuroimag J. 2011;5:105-11
references.pmid: 22216081
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2008 Jul;29(7):740-50
references.pmid: 18438886
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2008 Dec;18(12):2735-47
references.pmid: 18400794
references.citation: Front Syst Neurosci. 2010 Jul 15;4:
references.pmid: 20700385
references.citation: Schizophr Res. 2010 Mar;117(1):13-20
references.pmid: 19854028
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2013 Feb;23(2):255-63
references.pmid: 22345358
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2011 Feb 14;54(4):2950-9
references.pmid: 20974260
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2012 Jan 2;59(1):431-8
references.pmid: 21810475
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jan 7;100(1):253-8
references.pmid: 12506194
references.citation: Front Syst Neurosci. 2010 Apr 06;4:8
references.pmid: 20407579
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2012 Feb 1;59(3):2142-54
references.pmid: 22019881
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2010 Apr 7;30(14):4914-21
references.pmid: 20371811
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 30;101(13):4637-42
references.pmid: 15070770