title: The junction between hyaline cartilage and engineered cartilage in rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tracheoplasty using costal cartilage grafts to enlarge the tracheal lumen was performed to treat congenital tracheal stenosis. Fibrotic granulomatous tissue was observed at the edge of grafted costal cartilage. We investigated the junction between the native hyaline cartilage and the engineered cartilage plates that were generated by auricular chondrocytes for fabricating the airway.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled, prospecive study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In group 1, costal cartilage from New Zealand white rabbits was collected and implanted into a space created in the cervical trachea. In group 2, chondrocytes from auricular cartilages were seeded on absorbable scaffolds. These constructs were implanted in the subcutaneous space. Engineered cartilage plates were then implanted into the trachea after 3 weeks of implantation of the constructs. The grafts in group 1 and 2 were retrieved after 4 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group 1, histological studies of the junction between the native hyaline cartilage and the implanted costal cartilage demonstrated chondrogenic tissue in four anastomoses sides out of the 10 examined. In group 2, the junction between the native trachea and the engineered cartilage showed neocartilage tissue in nine anastomoses sides out of 10.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Engineered cartilage may be beneficial for engineered airways, based on the findings of the junction between the native and engineered grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo. komura-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komura
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Komura
authors.forename: Yushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanamori
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwanaka
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: Takato
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuyoshi
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004425:Ear Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D051457:Hyaline Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011817:Rabbits; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014132:Trachea / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome