title: Importance of the ammonia assimilation by Penicillium purpurogenum in amino derivative Monascus pigment, PP-V, production.
abstract: A fungal strain, Penicillium purpurogenum IAM 15392, produced the azaphilone Monascus pigment homolog when cultured in a medium composed of soluble starch, ammonium nitrate, yeast extract, and citrate buffer, pH 5.0. One of the typical features of violet pigment PP-V [(10Z)-12- carboxyl-monascorubramine] is that pyranoid oxygen is replaced with nitrogen. In this study, we found that glutamine synthetase (glnB) and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh1) genes were expressed in the culture conditions conducive to PP-V production. Gln and Glu both support PP-V biosynthesis, but PP-V biosynthesis was much more efficient with Gln. We determined that synthesis of Gln by glutamine synthetase from ammonium is important for PP-V production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Life science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan. j-ogihara@brs.nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Teppei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Kasumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koganei
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasumi
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ogihara
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Dec;59(12):4317-22
references.pmid: 16349128
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2012;76(1):120-4
references.pmid: 22232256
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Feb 9;53(3):562-5
references.pmid: 15686402
references.citation: Folia Microbiol (Praha). 1988;33(3):238-40
references.pmid: 3397011
references.citation: J Biosci Bioeng. 2000;90(5):549-54
references.pmid: 16232908
references.citation: J Biosci Bioeng. 2000;90(6):678-80
references.pmid: 16232932
references.citation: J Biosci Bioeng. 2002;93(1):54-9
references.pmid: 16233165
references.citation: Eur J Biochem. 1987 Feb 2;162(3):541-6
references.pmid: 3830157
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Jun;45(6):1937-8
references.pmid: 6881966
references.citation: FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2006 Nov;264(1):117-24
references.pmid: 17020557
references.citation: Chem Biodivers. 2005 Oct;2(10):1305-9
references.pmid: 17191930
references.citation: J Gen Microbiol. 1973 May;76(1):85-99
references.pmid: 4723072
references.citation: Int J Food Microbiol. 2002 Jun 5;76(1-2):117-26
references.pmid: 12038568
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Feb 26;51(5):1302-6
references.pmid: 12590473
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997 Jul;63(7):2671-8
references.pmid: 16535644
references.citation: Bull Soc Chim Biol (Paris). 1966;48(8):943-50
references.pmid: 5924593
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Feb;1(2):158-64
references.pmid: 6152851
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1977 Oct 24;78(4):1234-40
references.pmid: 21661
references.citation: J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1985 Jun;38(6):706-12
references.pmid: 3839502
references.citation: J Chem Soc Perkin 1. 1971;21:3577-9
references.pmid: 5167267