title: Atomic force microscopy and tridimensional topography analysis of human enamel after resinous infiltration and storage in water.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of water storage on surface roughness (Ra) of human enamel after treatment with resin infiltrant and fissure sealant, by utilizing atomic force microscopy (AFM) and microtomography.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted after registration and ethical approval clarification at the College of Dentistry Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between January 2011 and August 2011. Thirty enamel surface specimens were prepared from caries-free human premolar teeth. Specimens were divided into 3 groups: Group I, was the control; Group II, a resin infiltrant (Icon) was applied on the enamel surfaces; and Group III, the teeth were treated with fissure sealant (SealRite). All specimens were stored in distilled water for 6 months and then, subjected to AFM Veeco CP11 1.2 analysis. A few specimens were scanned by skyscan-1072-x-ray microtomography. The Ra mean readings were recorded and statistical analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 16 at the significance level of p<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in the mean Ra were recorded among the 3 groups, (Group I = 0.21+/-0.057), (Group II = 0.23+/-0.075), and (Group III = 0.20+/-0.039) at p=0.747. The AFM images of enamel surface show thin and inhomogeneous Icon resin in Group II, meanwhile, the SealRite in Group III showed a homogeneous layer in all specimens. The microtomography supported the findings of the AFM images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The persistence of the SealRite in all specimens revealed its low solubility in water and its protective effect on enamel surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. nmataher@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Nadia M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Taher
mesh_terms: D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods*; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D013048:Specimen Handling; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water