title: Predicting local recurrence following breast-conserving treatment: parenchymal signal enhancement ratio (SER) around the tumor on preoperative MRI.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The level of background parenchymal enhancement around tumor is known to be associated with breast cancer risk. However, there is no study investigating predictive power of parenchymal signal enhancement ratio (SER) around tumor for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the breast parenchymal SER around the tumor on preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is associated with subsequent IBTR in breast cancer patients who had undergone breast-conserving treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen consecutive women (mean age, 44 years; range, 34-63 years) with breast cancer who developed IBTR following breast-conserving treatment and 114 control women matched for age, as well as T and N stages were included. We compared the clinicopathologic features of the two groups including nuclear grade, histologic grade, hormonal receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) status, lymphovascular invasion, negative margin width, use of adjuvant therapy, and parenchymal SER around the tumor on preoperative DCE-MRI. The SER was measured on a slice showing the largest dimension of the tumor. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with IBTR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate analysis, ER negativity (odds ratio [OR] = 4.7; P = 0.040), PR negativity (OR = 4.0; P = 0.013), HER-2 positivity (OR = 3.6; P = 0.026), and a parenchymal SER greater than 0.53 (OR = 23.3; P = 0.011) were associated with IBTR. In multivariate analysis, ER negativity (OR = 3.8; P = 0.015) and a parenchymal SER greater than 0.53 (OR = 13.2; P = 0.040) on preoperative MRI were independent factors associated with IBTR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to ER negativity, a higher parenchymal SER on preoperative MRI was an independent factor associated with subsequent IBTR in patients with breast cancer who had undergone breast-conserving treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology.
authors.forename: Mi Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nariya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hye Ryoung
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Bo La
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Min Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Eui Kyu
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Chie
authors.forename: Woo Kyung
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Moon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D018734:Genes, erbB-2; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C090600:gadobutrol
keywords: Breast; MR imaging; neoplasms – primary