title: β1 integrin regulates Arg to promote invadopodial maturation and matrix degradation.
abstract: β1 integrin has been shown to promote metastasis in a number of tumor models, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and skin cancer; however, the mechanism by which it does so is poorly understood. Invasive membrane protrusions called invadopodia are believed to facilitate extracellular matrix degradation and intravasation during metastasis. Previous work showed that β1 integrin localizes to invadopodia, but its role in regulating invadopodial function has not been well characterized. We find that β1 integrin is required for the formation of mature, degradation-competent invadopodia in both two- and three-dimensional matrices but is dispensable for invadopodium precursor formation in metastatic human breast cancer cells. β1 integrin is activated during invadopodium precursor maturation, and forced β1 integrin activation enhances the rate of invadopodial matrix proteolysis. Furthermore, β1 integrin interacts with the tyrosine kinase Arg and stimulates Arg-dependent phosphorylation of cortactin on tyrosine 421. Silencing β1 integrin with small interfering RNA completely abrogates Arg-dependent cortactin phosphorylation and cofilin-dependent barbed-end formation at invadopodia, leading to a significant decrease in the number and stability of mature invadopodia. These results describe a fundamental role for β1 integrin in controlling actin polymerization-dependent invadopodial maturation and matrix degradation in metastatic tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10461, USA. brian.beaty@med.einstein.yu.edu
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Beaty
authors.forename: Ved P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Jose J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bravo-Cordero
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Eddy
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Koleske
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Condeelis
mesh_terms: D051339:Actin Depolymerizing Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D051356:Cortactin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051339:Actin Depolymerizing Factors; D000199:Actins; C495868:CTTN protein, human; D051356:Cortactin; D019012:Integrin beta1; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D014443:Tyrosine; C426236:ARG tyrosine kinase; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
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