title: In vitro assessment of the acaricidal activity of computer-selected analogues of carvacrol and salicylic acid on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus.
abstract: Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is a tick that causes huge economic losses in cattle. The indiscriminate use of acaricides has generated resistance to most compounds present on the market. This makes further investigation on other potential acaricides necessary, the in silico assay being an alternative to the design of new compounds. In the present study a biosilico assay was performed using TOMOCOMD-CARDD (TOpological MOlecular COMputer Design-Computer-Aided Rational Drug Design) and WEKA (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) software. Two carvacrol and four salicylic acid derivatives, synthesized by conventional methods and evaluated with the larval packet test on larvae of R. (B.) microplus were selected. All evaluated compounds presented acaricidal activity; however, ethyl 2-methoxybenzoate (91.8 ± 1.7 % mortality) and ethyl 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate (89.1 ± 1.6 % mortality) showed greater activity than salicylic acid. With regard to the carvacrol analogues, carvacrol acetate (67.8 ± 2.1 % mortality) and carvacrol methyl ether (71.7 ± 1.6 % mortality) also showed greater activity than carvacrol (35.9 ± 3.2 % mortality). TOMOCOMD-CARDD and WEKA software were helpful tools in the search for alternative structures with potential acaricidal activity on R. (B.) microplus.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico city, Mexico. connyramlub@yahoo.com.mx
authors.forename: Ramírez L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Concepción
authors.forename: Ibarra V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Froylán
authors.forename: Pérez M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Herminia I
authors.forename: Manjarrez A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Norberto
authors.forename: Salgado Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Héctor J
authors.forename: González C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Yeniel
mesh_terms: D056810:Acaricides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D015394:Molecular Structure; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048494:Rhipicephalus / Q000187:drug effects*; D012459:Salicylates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D056810:Acaricides; D039821:Monoterpenes; D012459:Salicylates
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem. 2005 Nov 15;13(22):6264-75
references.pmid: 16115770
references.citation: J Org Chem. 2007 Aug 3;72(16):6284-6
references.pmid: 17629344
references.citation: Lett Appl Microbiol. 2006 Aug;43(2):149-54
references.pmid: 16869897
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Jan 15;16(2):324-30
references.pmid: 16275084
references.citation: Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2011 Apr-Jun;20(2):89-96
references.pmid: 21722481
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Sep 1;15(17):3838-43
references.pmid: 16005626
references.citation: Curr Drug Discov Technol. 2005 Dec;2(4):245-65
references.pmid: 16475921
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2008 May 14;56(9):3082-8
references.pmid: 18366181
references.citation: Cytotechnology. 2012 Jan;64(1):43-51
references.pmid: 21938469
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem. 2005 Feb 15;13(4):1293-304
references.pmid: 15670938
references.citation: Inorg Chem. 2001 Apr 23;40(9):2147-55
references.pmid: 11304160
references.citation: Eur J Med Chem. 2006 Apr;41(4):483-93
references.pmid: 16545891
references.citation: Parasitol Res. 2008 Jul;103(2):259-61
references.pmid: 18438729
references.citation: Int J Food Microbiol. 2001 Mar 20;64(3):373-8
references.pmid: 11294360
references.citation: Vet Parasitol. 2005 Jun 30;130(3-4):285-92
references.pmid: 15908122
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Apr 1;16(7):1898-904
references.pmid: 16455249
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem. 2005 Feb 15;13(4):1005-20
references.pmid: 15670908
references.citation: Mol Cell Biochem. 2012 Jan;360(1-2):51-60
references.pmid: 21879312
references.citation: Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Oct;31 Suppl 5:S154-6
references.pmid: 11113017
references.citation: Parasitol Res. 2007 Aug;101(3):809-11
references.pmid: 17487509
references.citation: J Chem Inf Model. 2005 Jul-Aug;45(4):1082-100
references.pmid: 16045304
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Apr 28;132(16):5869-79
references.pmid: 20364840
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Jul 25;55(15):6300-8
references.pmid: 17602646
references.citation: J Comput Aided Mol Des. 2004 Oct;18(10):615-34
references.pmid: 15849993
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Jun 13;55(12):4863-70
references.pmid: 17497876
references.citation: J Med Chem. 2008 Jan 10;51(1):17-30
references.pmid: 18067245