title: In vitro inhibition of the transcription factor NF-κB and cyclooxygenase by bamboo extracts.
abstract: Several bamboo species have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. The present study evaluates the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of the traditionally used bamboo species Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro and Sasa veitchii (Carr.) Rehder to explore their future research opportunities and therapeutic potential as anti-inflammatory agents. The extracts were evaluated for their potential inhibitory activity at the level of NF-κB-induced gene expression and suppression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 enzyme activities, representative pharmacological targets for the anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, respectively. The activity of P. nigra (Lodd.) Munro and S. veitchii (Carr.) Rehder was compared with bamboo species without traditional anti-inflammatory indications. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analyses were performed to phytochemically characterize the extracts. P. nigra (Lodd.) Munro leaf extract potently inhibited NF-κB-induced gene expression, while S. veitchii (Carr.) Rehder leaf extract exerted a selective COX-2 inhibition. The crude extracts consistently showed a more potent bioactivity than the solid phase extraction fractions. P. nigra (Lodd.) Munro and S. veitchii (Carr.) Rehder both exert anti-inflammatory properties, but act via a different molecular mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van Hoyweghen
authors.forename: Karolien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: De Bosscher
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Haegeman
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deforce
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heyerick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D006109:Poaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000032:analysis; D031787:Sasa / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases
keywords: Bamboo leaves; LC-MS/MS; NF-κB; cyclooxygenase; traditional medicine