title: Human papilloma virus frequency and genotype distribution in a Turkish population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine human papillomavirus (HPV) frequency, genotypes and the relation between cervical smear results, risk factors and types in women living in Manisa, Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 410 women were included in the study. Cervical specimens were obtained for linear array HPV genotyping and pathological testing. Conventional Pap test and Bethesda system were used for evaluation of cytology specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 410 women with a mean age of 34.9 years were tested. A positive result of any HPV was found in 35 patients (8.5%). Among them, 26 different serotypes of HPV were identified and the most frequent type was HPV 16 (28.5%) followed by type 45 and 53 (11.4%). Patients were infected by 65.7% high risk, 11.4% probable high risk and 22.9% low risk HPV types. Multiple HPV positive results were found in 13 patients (37.1%). Patients with single partner, history of abnormal smear or condyloma had positive HPV results and this was statistically significant (p<0.05). Correlation analysis showed a statistically weak relation between positive HPV and abnormal smear results (r=0.120).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Determining HPV types of genital HPV infections is important for epidemiological studies. We have found the rate of positive HPV as 8.5% which implies the need for extended screening programs in order to diagnose oncogenic HPV at an early stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sinem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akcali
authors.forename: Asli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goker
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ecemis
authors.forename: Ali Riza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kandiloglu
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanlidag
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D060085:Coinfection; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014626:Vaginal Smears