title: Conceptual foundation for measures of physical function and behavioral health function for Social Security work disability evaluation.
abstract: Physical and mental impairments represent the 2 largest health condition categories for which workers receive Social Security disability benefits. Comprehensive assessment of physical and mental impairments should include aspects beyond medical conditions such as a person's underlying capabilities as well as activity demands relevant to the context of work. The objective of this article is to describe the initial conceptual stages of developing new measurement instruments of behavioral health and physical functioning relevant for Social Security work disability evaluation purposes. To outline a clear conceptualization of the constructs to be measured, 2 content models were developed using structured and informal qualitative approaches. We performed a structured literature review focusing on work disability and incorporating aspects of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health as a unifying taxonomy for framework development. Expert interviews provided advice and consultation to enhance face validity of the resulting content models. The content model for work-related behavioral health function identifies 5 major domains: (1) behavior control, (2) basic interactions, (3) temperament and personality, (4) adaptability, and (5) workplace behaviors. The content model describing physical functioning includes 3 domains: (1) changing and maintaining body position, (2) whole-body mobility, and (3) carrying, moving, and handling objects. These content models informed subsequent measurement properties including item development and measurement scale construction, and provided conceptual coherence guiding future empirical inquiry. The proposed measurement approaches show promise to comprehensively and systematically assess physical and behavioral health functioning relevant to work.
authors.affiliation: Boston University School of Public Health, Health & Disability Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA. emarfeo@bu.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Marfeo
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Haley
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jette
authors.forename: Susan V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Eisen
authors.forename: Pengsheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Kara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bogusz
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meterko
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: McDonough
authors.forename: Leighton
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Diane E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.forename: Elizabeth K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Rasch
mesh_terms: D001519:Behavior; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008603:Mental Health; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D010551:Personality; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011594:Psychometrics; D012943:Social Security; D014481:United States; D014938:Work Capacity Evaluation
keywords: 5-factor model; Concept formation; Disability evaluation; Disabled persons; FAT; FFM; Functional Assessment Taxonomy; ICF; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; Mental health; PROMIS; Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Instrument System; RFC; Rehabilitation; SSA; SSDI; Social Security Administration; Social Security Disability Insurance; WHO; Work disability; World Health Organization; residual functional capacity
references.citation: J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2012 Jan;67(1):4-12
references.pmid: 21765062
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2001 Sep;11(3):177-99
references.pmid: 11822195
references.citation: Pain. 2011 Feb;152(2):376-383
references.pmid: 21147513
references.citation: J Rehabil Med. 2009 Jan;41(1):1-12
references.pmid: 19197563
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 1995 Apr;46(4):353-8
references.pmid: 7788456
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 1985 Sep;142(9):1037-43
references.pmid: 4025617
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2011 Jun;21(2):121-5
references.pmid: 21509449
references.citation: Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Oct 15;57(7):1269-79
references.pmid: 17907223
references.citation: J Appl Psychol. 2003 Jun;88(3):500-17
references.pmid: 12814298
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2009 Summer;21(3):687-713
references.pmid: 19583880
references.citation: Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2010 Jun;46(2):169-77
references.pmid: 20485222
references.citation: J Affect Disord. 2011 Jul;132(1-2):71-81
references.pmid: 21349586
references.citation: Phys Ther. 2002 Mar;82(3):249-56
references.pmid: 11869153
references.citation: Can J Occup Ther. 2008 Jun;75(3):134
references.pmid: 18615923
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2001 Sep;11(3):217-32
references.pmid: 11822197
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2001 Sep;11(3):155-75
references.pmid: 11822194
references.citation: J Neurol Sci. 2007 Aug 15;259(1-2):118-22
references.pmid: 17376487
references.citation: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Sep;94(9):1679-86
references.pmid: 23542404
references.citation: Perspect Health Inf Manag. 2005 Nov 02;2:7
references.pmid: 18066375
references.citation: Disabil Rehabil. 2009;31 Suppl 1:S170-3
references.pmid: 19852707
references.citation: Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2008 Nov;258 Suppl 5:81-5
references.pmid: 18985301
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2009 Dec;19(4):382-97
references.pmid: 19634006
references.citation: Am J Public Health. 1994 Nov;84(11):1791-5
references.pmid: 7977919
references.citation: Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2008;17(4):264-268
references.pmid: 19809527
references.citation: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Sep;94(9):1653-60
references.pmid: 23542402
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2011 Jun;21(2):156-66
references.pmid: 21509450
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1983 Jul;40(7):801-10
references.pmid: 6344834
references.citation: Pain. 2009 Jan;141(1-2):70-8
references.pmid: 19059719
references.citation: Disabil Rehabil. 2008;30(17):1289-97
references.pmid: 18608382
references.citation: J Psychosom Res. 1996 Feb;40(2):157-67
references.pmid: 8778398
references.citation: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Sep;94(9):1670-8
references.pmid: 23548542
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2011 Jun;21(2):126-33
references.pmid: 21328061
references.citation: J Pers Assess. 2007 Aug;89(1):30-40
references.pmid: 17604532
references.citation: BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010 Sep 23;11:218
references.pmid: 20863369
references.citation: J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2003 Dec;12(10):945-51
references.pmid: 14709182
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2001 Jun;11(2):75-86
references.pmid: 11706533
references.citation: Gesundheitswesen. 2008 Oct;70(10):e47-56
references.pmid: 18932116
references.citation: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Sep;94(9):1661-9
references.pmid: 23578594
references.citation: Croat Med J. 2009 Aug;50(4):394-402
references.pmid: 19673040
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2010 Mar;20(1):33-40
references.pmid: 19779804
references.citation: Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2008 Sep;44(3):315-28
references.pmid: 18762741
references.citation: Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2008 Spring;31(4):306-12
references.pmid: 18407880
references.citation: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2006 Jul;41(7):541-8
references.pmid: 16572273
references.citation: J Occup Rehabil. 2001 Sep;11(3):135-42
references.pmid: 11822192
references.citation: Med Care. 2007 May;45(5 Suppl 1):S3-S11
references.pmid: 17443116
references.citation: Disabil Rehabil. 2008;30(18):1392-6
references.pmid: 18850352
references.citation: Disabil Rehabil. 2008;30(17):1233-44
references.pmid: 18821191
references.citation: J Occup Environ Med. 2010 Jan;52(1):67-80
references.pmid: 20042881