title: Efficacy of petrolatum jelly for the prevention of diaper rash: a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of petrolatum jelly for the prevention of diaper rash and to evaluate the relationship between the occurrence of diaper rash and certain treatments and type of nutrition.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized clinical trial was carried out with two parallel groups (n = 213) at the neonatal care unit of Donostia University Hospital in San Sebastián, Guipuzcoa Province, Spain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a lower incidence of diaper rash in the experimental group with petrolatum jelly (17.1%) than the control group (22.2%), but the difference was not statistically significant (p =.39). The use of antibiotics and oral 50% glucose as well as an increased number of stools are associated with a higher incidence of diaper rash, while breastfeeding and phototherapy are protective factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevention is strengthened by a better understanding of the risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Guipuzcoa Province, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Larburu
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bon
authors.forename: Mari Mar
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: María Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Iglesias
authors.forename: Iratxe
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Urreta
authors.forename: Jose I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Emparanza
mesh_terms: D003963:Diaper Rash / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007224:Infant Care / Q000379:methods*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010577:Petrolatum / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013030:Spain; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010577:Petrolatum