title: [Effects of an integrated self-management program on self-management, glycemic control, and maternal identity in women with gestational diabetes mellitus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of an integrated self-management program on self-management, glycemic control, and maternal identity in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  A non-equivalent control group non-synchronized quasi-experimental design was used. A total of 55 women with GDM were recruited from Cheil General Hospital, Seoul, Korea and were assigned to an experimental (n=28) or control group (n=27). The participants were 24-30 weeks pregnant women who had been diagnosed with GDM as of July 30, 2010. The program was conducted as a 1 hour small group meeting 3 out of 5 times and by telephone-counseling 2 out of 5 times. The integrated self-management program was verified by an expert panel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although there was no significant reduction in HbA1c (U= -1.17, p=.238), there were statistically significant increases in self-management (U= -3.80, p<.001) and maternal identity (U= -4.48, p<.001), and decreased 2-h postprandial glucose levels (U= -2.43, p<.015) in the experimental group compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that an integrated self-management program for women with GDM improves self-management, maternal identity, and glycemic control. Further studies are needed to identify the effects of an integrated self-management program on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Dongnam Health College, Suwon, Korea. khs0204@dongnam.ac.kr.
authors.forename: HeeSook
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003376:Counseling; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012648:Self Care; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: Gestational diabetes; Maternal-child nursing; Self-management