title: Analysis of sagittal spinopelvic parameters in cerebral palsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Knowledge of sagittal spinopelvic parameters is important for the treatment of cerebral palsy (CP) because they differ in the normal population and can induce symptoms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the sagittal spinal alignment and the pelvic orientation in CP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiological analysis of patients with CP.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study and control groups comprised 57 CP patients and 24 healthy volunteers, respectively. All the patients underwent lateral radiography of the whole spine including hip joints. The radiographic parameters examined were sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI), S1 overhang (OH), thoracic kyphosis (TK), thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK), lumbar lordosis (LL1 and 2), and sagittal balance (SB). Statistical analysis was performed to identify the significant differences between the two study groups. In addition, correlations were sought between the parameters and symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PT and OH were significantly smaller in the CP patients, whereas SS, TLK, LL1, LL2, and SB were significantly greater (p<.05). Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between the sagittal parameters. Specifically, PI was found to be associated with SS, PT, and OH, whereas the spinal parameters LL1 and LL2 were found to be related to TK and SB. Between spine and pelvic parameters, LL1 and LL2 were found to be related to SS, PT, PI, and OH and in addition, SB was found to be related to TLK, LL1, and LL2. An analysis of relations between the symptoms and parameters revealed a positive correlation between the severities of symptoms and PT, OH, and TLK (r=0.300, p=.023; r=0.306, p=.020; r=0.289, p=.029, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant difference was observed in the sagittal spinopelvic parameters in the CP and normal control groups and was possibly related to the symptoms. The study shows that the evaluations of sagittal spinopelvic parameters could be useful during the treatment of disorders associated with CP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Scoliosis Research Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, 80 Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 152-703, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Dong-Hun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Jung-Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jung-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004856:Postural Balance; D011859:Radiography; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D013131:Spine / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Cerebral palsy; Pelvic orientation; Sagittal spinal balance; Spinopelvic parameters