title: Myeloid cell-specific serine palmitoyltransferase subunit 2 haploinsufficiency reduces murine atherosclerosis.
abstract: Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo biosynthetic pathway of sphingomyelin (SM). Both SPT and SM have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the development of which is driven by macrophages; however, the role of SPT in macrophage-mediated atherogenesis is unknown. To address this issue, we have analyzed macrophage inflammatory responses and reverse cholesterol transport, 2 key mediators of atherogenesis, in SPT subunit 2-haploinsufficient (Sptlc2(+/-)) macrophages. We found that Sptlc2(+/-) macrophages have significantly lower SM levels in plasma membrane and lipid rafts. This reduction not only impaired inflammatory responses triggered by TLR4 and its downstream NF-κB and MAPK pathways, but also enhanced reverse cholesterol transport mediated by ABC transporters. LDL receptor-deficient (Ldlr(-/-)) mice transplanted with Sptlc2(+/-) bone marrow cells exhibited significantly fewer atherosclerotic lesions after high-fat and high-cholesterol diet feeding. Additionally, Ldlr(-/-) mice with myeloid cell-specific Sptlc2 haploinsufficiency exhibited significantly less atherosclerosis than controls. These findings suggest that SPT could be a novel therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Mahua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: Caixia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Chongmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huan
authors.forename: Ming-Shang
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Tae-Sik
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Guoqing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Xian-Cheng
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000473:pathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002465:Cell Movement; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D005963:Glucosylceramides / Q000378:metabolism; D057895:Haploinsufficiency; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid / Q000378:metabolism; D051102:Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013109:Sphingomyelins / Q000378:metabolism; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C491768:Ccl2 protein, mouse; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D005963:Glucosylceramides; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D021122:Protein Subunits; D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid; D013109:Sphingomyelins; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D002784:Cholesterol; D051102:Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase; C495088:Sptlc1 protein, mouse; C495090:Sptlc2 protein, mouse; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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