title: Reproduction of hemangioma by infection with subgroup J avian leukosis virus: the vertical transmission is more hazardous than the horizontal way.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical cases of hemangioma associated with subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) have been reported in commercial chicken layer flocks since 2006. We attempted to reproduce hemangioma through experimental infection with ALV-J to evaluate viral pathogenicity in layer birds and their progenies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Body weight and indexes for immune organs of chickens infected with ALV-J strain SCDY1 were lower than those in controls. Proliferation of lymphocytes was observed in many tissues, and viral integration was detected in the genome of lymphocytes at 14 days post-infection, along with virus shedding. ALV-J was also efficiently transmitted from eggs to progenies. Embryo hatchability and progeny mortality were lower than those for controls. The efficiencies of virus shedding and virus integration in the lymphocytes of progenies were higher than those in parents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALV-J is able to inhibit the growth of infected chickens, and causes damage to immune organs. Vertical transmission of ALV-J appears to be more deleterious than horizontal transmission.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 46# Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Fuyan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Songcheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Nianli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Xintian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Sanjie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001353:Avian Leukosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D001354:Avian Leukosis Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001835:Body Weight; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002645:Chickens; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D016019:Survival Analysis
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