title: The supramolecular chemistry of β-sheets.
abstract: Interactions among β-sheets occur widely in protein quaternary structure, protein-protein interaction, and protein aggregation and are central in Alzheimer's and other amyloid-related diseases. This Perspective looks at the structural biology of these important yet under-appreciated interactions from a supramolecular chemist's point of view. Common themes in the supramolecular interactions of β-sheets are identified and richly illustrated though examples from proteins, amyloids, and chemical model systems. β-Sheets interact through edge-to-edge hydrogen bonding to form extended layers and through face-to-face hydrophobic or van der Waals interactions to form layered sandwich-like structures. Side chains from adjacent layers can fit together through simple hydrophobic contacts or can participate in complementary interdigitation or knob-hole interactions. The layers can be aligned, offset, or rotated. The right-handed twist of β-sheets provides additional opportunities for stabilization of edge-to-edge contacts and rotated layered structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA.
authors.forename: Pin-Nan
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Johnny D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Nowick
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D017510:Protein Folding; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins
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