title: Insights into the increasing virulence of the swine-origin pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza virus.
abstract: Pandemic H1N1/2009 viruses have been stabilized in swine herds, and some strains display higher pathogenicity than the human-origin isolates. In this study, high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is applied to explore the systemic transcriptome responses of the mouse lungs infected by swine (Jia6/10) and human (LN/09) H1N1/2009 viruses. The transcriptome data show that Jia6/10 activates stronger virus-sensing signals, such as the toll-like receptor, RIG-I like receptor and NOD-like receptor signalings, as well as a stronger NF-κB and JAK-STAT signals, which play significant roles in inducing innate immunity. Most cytokines and interferon-stimulated genes show higher expression lever in Jia/06 infected groups. Meanwhile, virus Jia6/10 activates stronger production of reactive oxygen species, which might further promote higher mutation rate of the virus genome. Collectively, our data reveal that the swine-origin pandemic H1N1/2009 virus elicits a stronger innate immune reaction and pro-oxidation stimulation, which might relate closely to the increasing pathogenicity.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Dijun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Lun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Huanchun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Meilin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058873:Pandemics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013552:Swine; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000276:immunology*; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors
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