title: Novel topical photodynamic therapy of prostate carcinoma using hydroxy-aluminum phthalocyanine entrapped in liposomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinically-approved anticancer photodynamic therapy (PDT) is now extensively studied for various cancer diagnoses. We focused on the treatment efficacy of topical administration of hydroxy-aluminum phthalocyanine (AlOH-PC) entrapped in liposomes against in vivo models of prostate carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  LNCaP and PC3 cells were subcutaneously injected into the right flank of athymic nude mice. Mice with grown tumours were used for in vivo efficacy studies. Firstly, we applied different doses of AlOH-PC to less aggressive LNCaP tumours to determine the effective dose. In later studies, we focused on more aggressive prostate tumours (PC3) using doses of liposomal-AlOH-PC gel formulation. Topical application of photosensitizers was followed by PDT irradiation (600-700 nm, 635 nm peak). Tumour growth was measured three times-a-week.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison of PDT of aggressive PC3 and less aggressive LNCaP prostate carcinomas showed that both tumour types are sensitive and treatable by liposomal formulation of AlOH-PC. For LNCaP tumours the efficient dose (100% experimental animals cured, n=8/8) was 4.5 mg/ml of AlOH-PC in the gel. Whereas, in the case of PC3 carcinomas, a dose of 4 mg/ml significantly postponed tumour growth, but no animals were cured (n=0/8); a sufficient curative dose (100% mice cured, n=8/8) was 6 mg/ml of AlOH-PC in the gel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liposomal AlOH-PC gel has potential for effective PDT of prostate carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic. sutoris@gmail.com
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sutoris
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rakusan
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karaskova
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mattova
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benes
authors.forename: Milos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nekvasil
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jezek
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zadinova
authors.forename: Pavla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pouckova
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vetvicka
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008081:Liposomes; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D008081:Liposomes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C060570:aluminum phthalocyanine; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide