title: African American health disparities in lung cancer.
abstract: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and globally. African Americans experience significant differences in lung cancer incidence and mortality. Smoking is the single greatest risk for lung cancer, making smoking cessation programs a potentially fruitful approach for reducing the risk of lung cancer. Despite clinical practice guidelines that prompt nurses to advise patients to quit smoking, only a small percentage of nurses do so. Minority patients are less likely than Whites to receive smoking cessation advice. This article discusses recent findings on the pathophysiology and risks for lung cancer. The literature on smoking cessation research is examined to determine the features of successful cessation interventions. Recommendations are offered for enhancing tobacco cessation efforts in nursing practice, education, and research.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA. pgreen@howard.edu
authors.forename: Pauline M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Suzy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guerrier-Adams
authors.forename: Priscilla O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Okunji
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schiavone
authors.forename: Joann E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D001741:Black or African American