title: Neuroprediction of future rearrest.
abstract: Identification of factors that predict recurrent antisocial behavior is integral to the social sciences, criminal justice procedures, and the effective treatment of high-risk individuals. Here we show that error-related brain activity elicited during performance of an inhibitory task prospectively predicted subsequent rearrest among adult offenders within 4 y of release (N = 96). The odds that an offender with relatively low anterior cingulate activity would be rearrested were approximately double that of an offender with high activity in this region, holding constant other observed risk factors. These results suggest a potential neurocognitive biomarker for persistent antisocial behavior.
authors.affiliation: Mind Research Network, Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA. eaharoni@rand.org
authors.forename: Eyal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aharoni
authors.forename: Gina M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Carla L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Harenski
authors.forename: Vince D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Calhoun
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sinnott-Armstrong
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gazzaniga
authors.forename: Kent A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kiehl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D003415:Crime / Q000523:psychology*; D003416:Criminal Law; D057237:Criminals; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009462:Neurology / Q000379:methods*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
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