title: Rotating titanium brush for plaque removal from rough titanium surfaces--an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was the evaluation of the effectiveness of plaque removing of a new rotating brush made of titanium in comparison with the cleaning procedure with steel curettes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plaque was collected by six volunteers for 48 h. A total of 60 samples were randomly designated to two groups: the test group TiBrush and the control group with steel curettes. The residual plaque area (RPA) and the treatment time were determined as parameters. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed for detecting possible damages of the treatment procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean RPA within the TiBrush group (8.57 ± 4.85%) was significant lower than in the control group (28.99 ± 5.51%), while the mean treatment time was also significant lower in the TiBrush group (176.7 ± 15.2 sec) in comparison with the steel curettes (303.5 ± 11.5 sec). The outcomes of SEM analysis showed no surface alteration after TiBrush treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of this study, this investigation concludes that TiBrush seems to be more effective in plaque removing capacity, while being gentler to the implant surface than the processing with steel curettes. These promising results could hold out an improvement of conventional periimplantitis treatment. Further studies are needed to prove these outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Westdeutsche Kieferklinik, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schwarz
mesh_terms: D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013165:Splints; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium
keywords: ablation of plaque; biofilm; periimplantitis; periimplantitis therapy