title: The increases in mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines by adding cleaning solvent or tetrachloroethylene in the murine macrophage cell line J774.1 evaluated by real-time PCR.
abstract: The use of a petroleum-derived cleaning solvent for dry cleaning, instead of tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene, PCE), has increased. The cleaning solvent may induce immunological alteration. In this study, murine macrophage-lineage J774.1 cells were exposed to the cleaning solvent at 0, 25, 50, and 75 µg/ml or PCE at 0, 400, 600, 800, and 1,000 µg/ml by vigorous vortexing. Cell viability was determined. The mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40 (a dimer of IL-12), and IL-27p28 (a dimer of IL-27) were evaluated by real-time PCR. The mean viabilities in the 50 and 75 µg/ml groups of the cleaning solvent were significantly lower than that of the control. The mean mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β in the 50 µg/ml group were significantly higher than those in the control. For PCE, the mean viabilities at 600 µg/ml and over were significantly lower than that of the control. The mean expressions of IL-6 and IL-10 in the 800 µg/ml group were significantly higher than that in the control. The productions of IL-1β and TNF-α may be altered in human during intoxication of the cleaning solvent as well as those of IL-6 and IL-10 in human during that of PCE, and these may affect on immune cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Takamasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: Chiemi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sugaya
authors.forename: Ryutaro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ikeuchi
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aizawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages; D051379:Mice; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012997:Solvents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013750:Tetrachloroethylene / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012997:Solvents; D013750:Tetrachloroethylene