title: Space-coiling metamaterials with double negativity and conical dispersion.
abstract: Metamaterials are effectively homogeneous materials that display extraordinary dispersion. Negative index metamaterials, zero index metamaterials and extremely anisotropic metamaterials are just a few examples. Instead of using locally resonating elements that may cause undesirable absorption, there are huge efforts to seek alternative routes to obtain these unusual properties. Here, we demonstrate an alternative approach for constructing metamaterials with extreme dispersion by simply coiling up space with curled channels. Such a geometric approach also has an advantage that the ratio between the wavelength and the lattice constant in achieving a negative or zero index can be changed in principle. It allows us to construct for the first time an acoustic metamaterial with conical dispersion, leading to a clear demonstration of negative refraction from an acoustic metamaterial with airborne sound. We also design and realize a double-negative metamaterial for microwaves under the same principle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Zixian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Tianhua
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Shukin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lok
authors.forename: Fu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kung Bo
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Chi Hou
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Jinjin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Seunghoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Sangyoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jensen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D008027:Light; D008420:Manufactured Materials / Q000032:analysis*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D012031:Refractometry / Q000379:methods*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation
references.citation: Nat Mater. 2007 Oct;6(10):744-8
references.pmid: 17721539
references.citation: Science. 2008 Oct 3;322(5898):71-3
references.pmid: 18755940
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2009 May 15;102(19):194301
references.pmid: 19518957
references.citation: Science. 2000 Sep 8;289(5485):1734-6
references.pmid: 10976063
references.citation: Science. 2010 Dec 17;330(6011):1633-4
references.pmid: 21164003
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Apr 27;108(17):174301
references.pmid: 22680870
references.citation: Nat Mater. 2006 Jun;5(6):452-6
references.pmid: 16648856
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Apr 3;102(13):133902
references.pmid: 19392354
references.citation: Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2005 Mar;71(3 Pt 2B):036617
references.pmid: 15903615
references.citation: Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2004 Nov;70(5 Pt 2):055602
references.pmid: 15600684
references.citation: Science. 2004 Nov 19;306(5700):1353-5
references.pmid: 15550665
references.citation: Opt Express. 2012 Apr 23;20(9):9925-39
references.pmid: 22535085
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2007 Apr 13;98(15):157403
references.pmid: 17501383
references.citation: Science. 2006 Jun 23;312(5781):1780-2
references.pmid: 16728597
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Mar 6;102(9):093901
references.pmid: 19392518
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Mar 19;92(11):117403
references.pmid: 15089166
references.citation: Nature. 2012 Aug 2;488(7409):65-9
references.pmid: 22859202
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2008 Nov 14;101(20):204301
references.pmid: 19113343
references.citation: Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2004 Oct;70(4 Pt 2):046608
references.pmid: 15600548
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2005 Sep 16;95(12):123904
references.pmid: 16197077
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2006 Oct 13;97(15):157403
references.pmid: 17155357
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Sep 18;455(7211):376-9
references.pmid: 18690249
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Feb 5;104(5):054301
references.pmid: 20366767
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Jan 7;106(1):014301
references.pmid: 21231745
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2009 May 22;102(20):203905
references.pmid: 19519031
references.citation: Science. 2006 Jun 23;312(5781):1777-80
references.pmid: 16728596
references.citation: Science. 2001 Apr 6;292(5514):77-9
references.pmid: 11292865
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Mar 16;108(11):114301
references.pmid: 22540476
references.citation: Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):735-8
references.pmid: 20686570
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Apr 17;102(15):154301
references.pmid: 19518637
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2000 Oct 30;85(18):3966-9
references.pmid: 11041972
references.citation: Nat Mater. 2011 May 29;10(8):582-6
references.pmid: 21623377
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2003 Feb 21;90(7):077405
references.pmid: 12633273
references.citation: Science. 2006 Nov 10;314(5801):977-80
references.pmid: 17053110
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Oct 15;105(16):163901
references.pmid: 21230972