title: Long-term strain improvements accumulate mutations in regulatory elements responsible for hyper-production of cellulolytic enzymes.
abstract: Long-term strain improvements through repeated mutagenesis and screening have generated a hyper-producer of cellulases and hemicellulases from Penicillium decumbens 114 which was isolated 30 years ago. Here, the genome of the hyper-producer P. decumbens JU-A10-T was sequenced and compared with that of the wild-type strain 114-2. Further, the transcriptomes and secretomes were compared between the strains. Selective hyper-production of cellulases and hemicellulases but not all the secreted proteins was observed in the mutant, making it a more specific producer of lignocellulolytic enzymes. Functional analysis identified that changes in several transcriptional regulatory elements played crucial roles in the cellulase hyper-producing characteristics of the mutant. Additionally, the mutant showed enhanced supply of amino acids and decreased synthesis of secondary metabolites compared with the wild-type. The results clearly point out that we can target gene regulators and promoters with minimal alterations of the genetic content but maximal effects in genetic engineering.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Guodong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Gen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Zhonghai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Lushan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yaohua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Weifeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Huajun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Shengyue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chengshu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Luying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xun
authors.forename: Guo-Ping
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Tianhong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yinbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D044602:Cellulases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D010407:Penicillium / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D044602:Cellulases; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C023305:hemicellulase
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