title: Purification and characterization of a novel small-molecule polysaccharide from the Maitake medicinal mushroom Grifola frondosa (higher Basidiomycetes).
abstract: A novel small-molecule polysaccharide with a molecular mass of 2.6 kDa, was isolated from the culinary-medicinal Maitake mushroom Grifola frondosa. GFPS is composed of fucose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, and mannose; galactose, glucose, and mannose were the dominant monosaccharides. Absorption peaks at 1077 cm-1, 1024 cm-1, and 873 cm-1, as revealed by infrared spectrum, suggesting that GFPS consists of pyranoside. GFPS significantly enhanced the production of nitric oxide and secretion of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-δ) from macrophages in vitro. These results indicate that this novel small-molecule polysaccharide might be beneficial for immune defense.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai, China. changyanz@sina.com.cn
authors.forename: Changyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yanru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Qingjiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Yanfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Aizhong
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002460:Cell Line; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D048691:Grifola / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide