title: Lactarius rufus (1→3),(1→6)-β-D-glucans: structure, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects.
abstract: Medicinal health benefits uses of edible as well as non-edible mushrooms have been long recognized. The pharmacological potential of mushrooms, especially antitumor, immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory activities has been documented. Wild ectomycorrhizal mushroom, Lactarius rufus had the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential of their polysaccharides evaluated using the formalin model. Two structurally different (1→3),(1→6)-linked β-D-glucans were isolated from fruiting bodies. Soluble (FSHW) β-D-glucan 1-30 mg kg(-1) produced potent inhibition of inflammatory pain caused by formalin when compared with the insoluble one (IHW), suggesting that solubility and/or branching degree could alter the activity of β-glucans. Their structures were determined using mono- and bi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, methylation analysis, and controlled Smith degradation. They were β-D-glucans, with a main chain of (1→3)-linked Glcp residues, substituted at O-6 by single-unit Glcp side chains (IHW), on average to every fourth residue of the backbone, or by mono- and few oligosaccharide side chains for soluble β-glucan.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19046, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrea Caroline
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ruthes
authors.forename: Elaine R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Carbonero
authors.forename: Marina Machado
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Córdova
authors.forename: Cristiane Hatsuko
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Baggio
authors.forename: Adair Roberto Soares
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Guilherme Lanzi
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Sassaki
authors.forename: Thales Ricardo
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Cipriani
authors.forename: Philip Albert James
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Gorin
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iacomini
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000473:pathology; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D059225:Nociception / Q000187:drug effects; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides; D047071:beta-Glucans