title: Beneficial effects of green tea catechin on massive hepatectomy model in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Green tea catechin, especially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), is a well-known scavenger of reactive oxygen species and it may also function as an antioxidant through modulation of transcriptional factors and enzyme activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Green tea extract (GTE®) which contained numerous EGCG was used. Wistar rats were performed 90 % hepatectomy and classified into 2 groups with (GTEHx, n = 25) or without GTE treatment (Hx, n = 25) and sacrificed at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after operations. All rats had free access to drinking water supplemented with or without GTE from the 7th pre-operative day. Liver regeneration, hepatic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), anti-oxidative enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)] and inflammatory markers [cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The liver weight to body weight ratio (p < 0.01), proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index (p < 0.05) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p < 0.05) at day 1 in the GTEHx group significantly increased compared to the Hx group. Hepatic iNOS levels at day 1 significantly decreased (p < 0.01) in the GTEHx group. Hepatic SOD, CAT and GSH-Px levels at day 1 significantly increased (SOD: p < 0.01, CAT and GSH-Px: p < 0.05) in the GTEHx group. In contrast, COX-2, NFκB and TNF-α levels at day 1 significantly decreased (COX-2: p < 0.01, NFκB and TNF-α: p < 0.05) in the GTEHx group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GTE pretreatment stimulated liver regeneration and improved liver damage after massive hepatectomy through anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Green tea catechin might have the potential to attenuate liver dysfunction in early stage after massive hepatectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Takasu
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hanaoka
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Michihito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asanoma
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikemoto
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imura
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morine
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002374:Catalase / Q000235:genetics; D002392:Catechin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002452:Cell Count; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007728:Kupffer Cells; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics; D010766:Phosphorylation; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics; D013662:Tea; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013662:Tea; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002392:Catechin; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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