title: Effect of lipopolysaccharide mediating early- and late- activated THP-1 macrophages on ECV304 endothelial cell dysfunction: dysregulation of secretion of VEGF and proliferation and migration of ECV304.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the different effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediating early and late activated THP-1 macrophages (Mφ) on ECV304 endothelial cell dysfunction: dysregulation of secretion of VEGF and proliferation, and migration of ECV304.
  
  
  METHODS
  The inflammatory Mφ was divided into early phase (2 h) group and late phase (24 h) group according the different exposure time to LPS. Then the inflammatory Mφ and ECV304 were co-cultured via transwell chambers in both non-contacting and contacting systems. The levels of VEGF were determined by ELISA, and the proliferation index and apoptosis of ECV304 were analyzed by FACSCalibur. The migration of ECV304 was tested by modified Boyden chamber assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of VEGF and the proliferation of ECV304 cell were increased more apparently in early-phase Mφ-treated group. But the proportion of early apoptotic and late apoptotic/necrotic cells in late-phase Mφ-treated group were higher than that of the former. Migration rate of ECV304 was enhanced in early-phase Mφ-treated group. All those effects were more significant in contacting system comparing with no-contacting system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early-activated macrophages (mediated by LPS) could increase the secretion of VEGF and promote the proliferation and migration of ECV304; while the late-activated macrophages could promote/enhance the apoptosis of ECV304 more significant in contacting system when (it was) compared with no-contacting system.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Fu Jiang
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Xiao Bao
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Yin Ye
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiao Bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xue Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Wen Bin
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jia Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A