title: Source tracking of human leptospirosis: serotyping and genotyping of Leptospira isolated from rodents in the epidemic area of Guizhou province, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sustained human leptospirosis as well as death cases has been reported in Qiandongnan Prefecture, Southeast of Guizhou, China, recently, but these human patients were only clinically diagnosed, and leptospires have never been isolated from patients in these epidemic regions, In order to track the source of infection and understand the etiologic characteristic of leptospirosis, we performed rodent carrier surveillance for leptospirosis in the epidemic area in 2011. The population distribution of rodents in the epidemic regions was revealed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four strains of leptospire were isolated from Apodemus agrarius. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) confirmed the four isolates belonged to leptospiral serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) indicated that all the four strains were defined as sequence type 1(ST1), which is identical to the three strains isolated from Rattus tanezumi in Rongjiang County in 2007. Clustering analysis of the MLST data indicated that the local isolates exactly matched with reference strain of leptospiral serovar Lai strain 56601, which is consistent with anti-Leptospira antibody detection of patients using MAT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apodemus agrarius may be the potentially important carrier of leptospirosis and the potential source of leptospiral infection in human, and serovar Lai maybe the epidemic serovar of Leptospira in the localities.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Guizhou Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 73 Bageyan Road, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China. zjumedjun@163.com
authors.forename: Shijun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dingming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Cuicai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Kecheng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Xiuwen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yixin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guanghai
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Jingzhu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Guangpeng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xiugao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000372:Agglutination Tests; D000818:Animals; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007919:Leptospira / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D058889:Molecular Typing; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D051189:Murinae; D012703:Serotyping
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