title: Panel 5: Microbiology and immunology panel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective is to perform a comprehensive review of the literature from January 2007 through June 2011 on the virology, bacteriology, and immunology related to otitis media.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed database of the National Library of Medicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three subpanels with co-chairs comprising experts in the virology, bacteriology, and immunology of otitis media were formed. Each of the panels reviewed the literature in their respective fields and wrote draft reviews. The reviews were shared with all panel members, and a second draft was created. The entire panel met at the 10th International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media in June 2011 and discussed the review and refined the content further. A final draft was created, circulated, and approved by the panel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Excellent progress has been made in the past 4 years in advancing an understanding of the microbiology and immunology of otitis media. Advances include laboratory-based basic studies, cell-based assays, work in animal models, and clinical studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The advances of the past 4 years formed the basis of a series of short-term and long-term research goals in an effort to guide the field. Accomplishing these goals will provide opportunities for the development of novel interventions, including new ways to better treat and prevent otitis media.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Translational Research Center, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA. murphyt@buffalo.edu
authors.forename: Timothy F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Tasnee
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chonmaitree
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barenkamp
authors.forename: Jennelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kyd
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nokso-Koivisto
authors.forename: Janak A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Terho
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heikkinen
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Pearay
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ogra
authors.forename: W Edward
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Swords
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sih
authors.forename: Melinda M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pettigrew
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D012107:Research Design; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
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