title: Clinical application of controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in a higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA)-volumetric interpolated breathhold (VIBE) sequence for gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) technique can improve the image quality of three-dimensional (3D), T1-weighted gradient echo (T1w-GRE) imaging compared with the use of a standard, parallel acquisition technique (PAT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four patients who underwent liver MR on a 3 Tesla (T) scanner, were included in this study. Twenty minutes after the injection of 0.025 mmole/kg of gadoxetic acid, 3D T1w-GRE imaging (volumetric interpolated breathhold examination [VIBE]) was acquired twice using a generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (384 × 250 matrix, acceleration factor [AF] of 2) and a CAIPIRINHA (384 × 380 matrix, AF of 4), respectively. Qualitative image analysis was performed for two image sets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CAIPIRINHA-VIBE showed better hepatic vessel clarity and lesion conspicuity than standard VIBE (P < 0.05). CAIPIRINHA-VIBE in the coronal plane also provided better results of motion artifact and liver edge sharpness than the standard VIBE (P < 0.05). Despite the more apparent PAT artifact on CAIPIRINHA-VIBE than on standard VIBE (P < 0.05), CAIPIRINHA-VIBE showed better overall image quality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CAIPIRINHA-VIBE was able to provide a higher spatial resolution, T1-weighted imaging with better image quality compared with a standard VIBE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Hye
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jeong Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeong-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Berthold
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kiefer
authors.forename: Joon Koo
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Byung-Ihn
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D062485:Breath Holding; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C073590:gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: Gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MR; T1-weighted gradient-echo (GRE); controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA); high-resolution; imaging; three-dimensional (3D); volumetric interpolated breathhold examination (VIBE)