title: Mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue vs bone marrow: in vitro comparison of their tropism towards gliomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor, and is refractory to surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) may be harvested from bone marrow (BMSC) and adipose (AMSC) tissue. These cells are a promising avenue of investigation for the delivery of adjuvant therapies. Despite extensive research into putative mechanisms for the tumor tropism of MSCs, there remains no direct comparison of the efficacy and specificity of AMSC and BMSC tropism towards glioma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Under an IRB-approved protocol, intraoperative human Adipose MSCs (hAMSCs) were established and characterized for cell surface markers of mesenchymal stem cell origin in conjunction with the potential for tri-lineage differentiation (adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic). Validated experimental hAMSCs were compared to commercially derived hBMSCs (Lonza) and hAMSCs (Invitrogen) for growth responsiveness and glioma tropism in response to glioma conditioned media obtained from primary glioma neurosphere cultures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Commercial and primary culture AMSCs and commercial BMSCs demonstrated no statistically significant difference in their migration towards glioma conditioned media in vitro. There was statistically significant difference in the proliferation rate of both commercial AMSCs and BMSCs as compared to primary culture AMSCs, suggesting primary cultures have a slower growth rate than commercially available cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adipose- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells have similar in vitro glioma tropism. Given the well-documented ability to harvest larger numbers of AMSCs under local anesthesia, adipose tissue may provide a more efficient source of MSCs for research and clinical applications, while minimizing patient morbidity during cell harvesting.
authors.affiliation: The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Departments of Neurosurgery and Oncology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Courtney
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pendleton
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Chesler
authors.forename: Kristy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Cazares
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quinones-Hinojosa
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009928:Organ Specificity
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