title: Association of transforming growth factor-β1 gene variants with risk of coal workers' pneumoconiosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this case-control study was to explore whether five tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) within the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) gene were involved in manifestation of inflammatory and fibrotic processes associated with coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 508 CWP patients and 526 controls who were underground coal miners from Xuzhou Mining Business Group. Five tSNPs were selected from the HapMap and detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The single SNP analysis showed that the genotype frequencies of SNP2 (rs1800470, +869T/C, extron 1) and SNP5 (rs11466345, intron 5) in CWP cases were significantly different from those in controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that SNP2 (rs1800470) CC genotype was associated with decreased risk of CWP (OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.32-0.78), which was evident among subgroups of those never smoke (OR = 0.40, 95%CI = 0.24-0.66), cases with stage II (OR = 0.41, 95%CI = 0.22-0.76) and exposure period (< 28 y: OR = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.31-0.95; ≥28 y: OR = 0.52, 95%CI = 0.32-0.96). However, the SNP5 (rs11466345) GG genotype was associated with an increased risk of CWP (OR = 2.5, 95%CI = 1.36-4.57), and further stratification analysis showed that the risk of CWP was increased in both smoking and nonsmoking groups, shorter and longer exposure groups, while the risk of CWP was only increased in patients with stage I and II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that TGF-β1 polymorphisms may contribute to susceptibility of CWP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Haiyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Zhifang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Meilin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Aiping
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lianlian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Shasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chunhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
keywords: coal worker pneumoconiosis; molecular epidemiology; polymorphism; transforming growth factor-β1
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