title: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome following a scorpion sting.
abstract: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiologic entity not yet understood, that is present with transient neurologic symptoms and particular radiological findings. The most common imaging pattern in PRES is the presence of edema in the white matter of the posterior portions of both cerebral hemispheres. The cause of PRES is unclear. We report a case of 13-year-old male who was stung by a scorpion and developed a severe headache, visual disturbance, and seizures and had the diagnosis of PRES with a good outcome. Numerous factors can trigger this syndrome, most commonly: acute elevation of blood pressure, abnormal renal function, and immunosuppressive therapy. There are many cases described showing the relationship between PRES and eclampsia, transplantation, neoplasia and chemotherapy treatment, systemic infections, renal disease acute, or chronic. However, this is the first case of PRES following a scorpion sting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital São Lucas/Instituto do Cérebro - Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Porcello Marrone
authors.forename: Bianca Fontana
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Marrone
authors.forename: Felipe Kalil
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.forename: Francisco Cosme
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Gustavo Gomes
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Thomé
authors.forename: Martin Brandolt
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Aramburu
authors.forename: Lucas Porcello
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Schilling
authors.forename: Tharick Ali
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Pascoal
authors.forename: Giovani
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gadonski
authors.forename: Antônio Carlos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Huf Marrone
authors.forename: Jaderson Costa
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: da Costa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D054038:Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology*; D065008:Scorpion Stings / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES); Tityus bahiensis; brain MRI; cerebral autoregulation; oedema; scorpion sting; seizure