title: Axin expression enhances herpes simplex virus type 1 replication by inhibiting virus-mediated cell death in L929 cells.
abstract: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replicates in various cell types and induces early cell death, which limits viral replication in certain cell types. Axin is a scaffolding protein that regulates Wnt signalling and participates in various cellular events, including cellular proliferation and cell death. The effects of axin expression on HSV-1 infection were investigated based on our initial observation that Wnt3a treatment or axin knockdown reduced HSV-1 replication. L929 cells expressed the axin protein in a doxycycline-inducible manner (L-axin) and enhanced HSV-1 replication in comparison to control cells (L-EV). HSV-1 infection induced cell death as early as 6 h after infection through the necrotic pathway and required de novo protein synthesis in L929 cells. Subsequent analysis of viral protein expression suggested that axin expression led to suppression of HSV-1-induced premature cell death, resulting in increased late gene expression. In analysis of axin deletion mutants, the regulators of the G-protein signalling (RGS) domain were involved in the axin-mediated enhancement of viral replication and reduction in cell death. These results suggest that viral replication enhancement might be mediated by the axin RGS domain.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Bank for Pathogenic Virus, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 136-705, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Jin
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Korea.
authors.forename: Sewoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Korea.
authors.forename: Eek-Hoon
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Jho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Bank for Pathogenic Virus, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 136-705, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Joon
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Bank for Pathogenic Virus, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 136-705, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060466:Axin Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D007739:L Cells; D051379:Mice; D014709:Vero Cells; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D060466:Axin Protein; C555452:Axin1 protein, mouse