title: Baseline characteristics of the IMPROVE control study population: A study to evaluate the effectiveness of a standardized healthcare professionals training program.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The IMPROVE Control Training program was designed by Indian Academy of Diabetes (IAD), and a non-intervention study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this standardized healthcare professionals (HCPs) training program on achieving treatment goals in patients with diabetes mellitus and its impact on standard of care.
  
  
  METHODS
  This multi-center, parallel group, open-label, non-randomized, non-intervention study included patients with type 2 diabetes who had an HbA1c >9 at time of diagnosis or an HbA1c >7% even after 6 months of initiation of therapy with anti-diabetic agents (Oral anti diabetic agents (OADs) and/or insulin). The data recorded at baseline included demographic characteristics, medical history, and the treatment regimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 20,493 patients with diabetes, of which 13,295 (64.9%) were men. The mean [standard deviation (SD)] duration of diabetes was 6.4 (4.2) years and 6608 (32.2%) reported complications of diabetes. Poor glycemic control [HbA1c = 9.4 (1.3), FPG (mg/dl) = 181.2 (45.7); mean (SD)] was observed. The postprandial glucose was also high [post-breakfast, lunch, and dinner values in mg/dl were 263.6 (68.5), 278.1 (69.6), and 250.2 (63.7), respectively] in these patients. Failure of OADs was the most common reason cited for initiation of insulin. Premixed insulin was rated the regimen of choice for initiating therapy by the physicians (62.2% vs. 34.5% who preferred basal insulin).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The baseline results confirm the poor glycemic control and the delayed initiation and/or inadequacy of treatment in subjects with type 2 diabetes. These results also highlight the need for early and optimal insulin-based therapy.
authors.affiliation: Dr. S. K. Sharma's Diabetes Thyroid & Endocrine Centre, Jaipur, India.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Seshiah
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Sahay
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shetty
keywords: IMPROVE; baseline characteristics; insulin initiation; oral anti diabetic agents failure
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