title: Improved survival and quality of life in patients undergoing R1 pancreatic resection compared to patients with locally advanced unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively record the clinical consequences of R1 resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared to patients with locally advanced tumours not undergoing surgery.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Surgery is the only potentially curative treatment of pancreatic cancer, and postoperative safety is increasing. The rate of R1 resections might also increase unintentionally as surgical procedures with curative goal become more comprehensive, and the clinical outcome requires further prospective evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational cohort study from October 2008 to December 2010. Outcome after R1 resection (group 1, surgery, n = 32) and conservative palliative chemoradiation/endoscopy (group 2, no surgery, n = 56) is compared with survival and longitudinal patient-reported quality of life (QoL) as endpoints. QoL was assessed by the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic characteristics and tumour diameters were similar in both groups: 38.0 (31.3, 49.8) mm in group 1 versus 44.0 (39.6, 49.1) mm in group 2 (p = 0.18). Perioperative morbidity was 25% with no mortality. Disease-specific survival was 18.0 (14.5, 23.8) months in group 1 versus 8.1 (4.8, 10.1) months in group 2 (p < 0.0001). Overall survival was 11 (7.8, 14.4) months. Reduction in fatigue was significantly improved in the surgery group 6, 12, and 19 weeks after baseline, whereas reduction in global health was significantly better in group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radical removal (R0 resection) is the primary aim of surgery, but also R1 resection seems to improve survival and QoL, compared to outcome in patients with locally advanced tumours not undergoing surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer, Surgery, and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. tom.nordby@medisin.uio.no
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nordby
authors.forename: Tone
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikdahl
authors.forename: Inger Marie
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Bowitz Lothe
authors.forename: Morten W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Fagerland
authors.forename: Turid
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heiberg
authors.forename: Truls
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hauge
authors.forename: Knut Joergen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Labori
authors.forename: Trond
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buanes
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010180:Pancreatectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*