title: Restaging transurethral resection for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: who, why, when, and how?
abstract: The rate of clinical understaging in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after an initial transurethral resection (TUR) is significant, particularly for high-grade disease, and this has a major impact on prognosis. A repeat TUR, 2 to 6 weeks following the initial resection, is recommended in appropriately selected cases to avoid diagnostic inaccuracy and improve treatment allocation. This article summarizes the rationale and indications for performing a repeat TUR in NMIBC and also provides information regarding patient selection and technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Chad R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ritch
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Todd M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D014521:Urethra; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy