title: Pediatric ICU EEG monitoring: current resources and practice in the United States and Canada.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe current continuous EEG monitoring (cEEG) utilization in critically ill children.
  
  
  METHODS
  An online survey of pediatric neurologists from 50 US and 11 Canadian institutions was conducted in August 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Responses were received from 58 of 61 (95%) surveyed institutions. Common cEEG indications are altered mental status after a seizure or status epilepticus (97%), altered mental status of unknown etiology (88%), or altered mental status with an acute primary neurologic condition (88%). The median number of patients undergoing cEEG per month per center increased from August 2010 to August 2011 (6 to 10 per month in the United States; 2 to 3 per month in Canada). Few institutions have clinical pathways addressing cEEG use (31%). Physicians most commonly review cEEG twice per day (37%). There is variability regarding which services can order cEEG, the degree of neurology involvement, technologist availability, and whether technologists perform cEEG screening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the surveyed institutions, which included primarily large academic centers, cEEG use in pediatric intensive care units is increasing and is often considered indicated for children with altered mental status at risk for nonconvulsive seizures. However, there remains substantial variability in cEEG access and utilization among institutions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: Dennis J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dlugos
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Gallentine
authors.forename: Christopher C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Giza
authors.forename: Joshua L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Cecil D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Sudha K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Loddenkemper
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Riviello
authors.forename: Nicholas S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Abend
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D002648:Child; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States
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