title: Exposure to pro-smoking media in college students: does type of media channel differentially contribute to smoking risk?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are almost no data on whether the different channels through which pro-smoking media appear (i.e., point-of-sale advertising, movie smoking) differently influence smoking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study used ecological momentary assessment to examine whether differences in smoking risk were observed for exposures to different pro-smoking media channels.
  
  
  METHODS
  College students (n = 134) carried smartphones for 21 days, recording their exposures to pro-smoking media and the media channels for that exposure and responding to three randomly issued control prompts per day. Participants answered questions about their future smoking risk after each pro-smoking media exposure and random prompt.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants had elevated future smoking risk following exposure to pro-smoking media at point of sale (p < 0.001); smoking risk at times of exposure to smoking in movies did not differ from risk measured during control prompts (p = 0.78).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is merit to examining the relative contribution of different pro-smoking media channels to smoking behavior.
authors.affiliation: RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. shadel@rand.org
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Shadel
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Setodji
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scharf
mesh_terms: D040421:Cell Phone; D034201:Computers, Handheld; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008402:Mass Media; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
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