title: Small RNAs derived from the 5' end of tRNA can inhibit protein translation in human cells.
abstract: Recently, it has been shown that tRNA molecules can be processed into small RNAs that are derived from both the 5' and 3' termini. To date, the function of these tRNA fragments (tRFs) derived from the 5' end of tRNA has not been investigated in depth. We present evidence that conserved residues in tRNA, present in all 5' tRFs, can inhibit the process of protein translation without the need for complementary target sites in the mRNA. These results implicate 5' tRFs in a new mechanism of gene regulation by small RNAs in human cells.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sobala
authors.forename: Gyorgy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hutvagner
mesh_terms: D060565:Argonaute Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D058727:RNA, Small Untranslated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D060565:Argonaute Proteins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D058727:RNA, Small Untranslated; D012343:RNA, Transfer
keywords: short tRNA fragment; small RNA; tRF; tRNA; translation repression
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Oct;37(19):6575-86
references.pmid: 19729508
references.citation: RNA. 2004 Oct;10(10):1507-17
references.pmid: 15383676
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2010 Dec 15;24(24):2742-7
references.pmid: 21106669
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Nov 26;462(7272):522-6
references.pmid: 19940929
references.citation: RNA. 2002 Oct;8(10):1189-232
references.pmid: 12403461
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2002 Sep;10(3):537-48
references.pmid: 12408822
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jul 1;31(13):3406-15
references.pmid: 12824337
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jan 22;110(4):1404-9
references.pmid: 23297232
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2008 Nov 21;32(4):519-28
references.pmid: 19026782
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2011 Feb;12(2):99-110
references.pmid: 21245828
references.citation: Development. 2008 Apr;135(7):1201-14
references.pmid: 18287206
references.citation: Archaea. 2012;2012:260909
references.pmid: 23326205
references.citation: Science. 2004 Sep 3;305(5689):1437-41
references.pmid: 15284456
references.citation: Nature. 2001 Jan 18;409(6818):363-6
references.pmid: 11201747
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2004 Jul 23;15(2):185-97
references.pmid: 15260970
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Dec;17(12):6876-86
references.pmid: 9372919
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2010 Apr 2;285(14):10959-68
references.pmid: 20129916
references.citation: RNA. 2008 Oct;14(10):2095-103
references.pmid: 18719243
references.citation: RNA. 2000 Dec;6(12):1781-90
references.pmid: 11142378
references.citation: RNA. 2004 Oct;10(10):1518-25
references.pmid: 15337849
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 30;280(52):42744-9
references.pmid: 16272149
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2004 Apr;2(4):E98
references.pmid: 15024405
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2011 Aug 19;43(4):613-23
references.pmid: 21855800
references.citation: Cell. 2007 Mar 23;128(6):1089-103
references.pmid: 17346786
references.citation: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2008 Oct;15(10):1015-23
references.pmid: 18776903
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1991 Dec 25;266(36):24712-8
references.pmid: 1761566
references.citation: PLoS One. 2010 May 14;5(5):e10563
references.pmid: 20498841
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2009 Dec;151(4):2120-32
references.pmid: 19854858
references.citation: RNA. 2010 Oct;16(10):1865-9
references.pmid: 20719919
references.citation: BMC Genomics. 2008 Apr 10;9:157
references.pmid: 18402656
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2010 Apr;10(4):254-66
references.pmid: 20332778
references.citation: Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2011 Nov-Dec;2(6):853-62
references.pmid: 21976287
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2009 Apr 6;185(1):35-42
references.pmid: 19332886
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Aug;40(14):6787-99
references.pmid: 22492706
references.citation: RNA. 2009 Dec;15(12):2147-60
references.pmid: 19850906
references.citation: RNA. 2010 Apr;16(4):673-95
references.pmid: 20181738
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2009 Nov 15;23(22):2639-49
references.pmid: 19933153
references.citation: Science. 2001 Aug 3;293(5531):834-8
references.pmid: 11452083
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2008 Oct 15;22(20):2773-85
references.pmid: 18923076