title: Resveratrol and fish oil reduce catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats: role of oxidative stress in the myocardium and aorta.
abstract: The exact mechanisms of the relationship between obesity and cardiovascular events are not yet fully understood; however, oxidative stress may be involved. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of resveratrol and fish oil on catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats. To begin with, rats were divided into five groups: (1) lean, (2) obese, (3) obese supplemented with resveratrol, (4) obese supplemented with fish oil and (5) obese supplemented with resveratrol and fish oil (n 18 rats per group), for 2 months. After supplementation, the groups were subdivided as with (n 10) and without (n 8) cardiovascular catecholaminergic stress after isoproterenol (60 mg/kg) injection. At 24 h later, the survival rate was analysed. The obese group showed lower survival rates (10 %) when compared with the lean group (70 %). On the other hand, resveratrol (50 %) and fish oil (40 %) increased the survival rate of obese rats (χ(2) test, P= 0·019). Biochemical analyses of the myocardium and aorta revealed that obese rats had higher levels of superoxide and oxidative damage to lipids and protein. This was associated with reduced superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in both the myocardium and aorta. The supplementation increased antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced oxidative damage. We also evaluated the nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 antioxidant pathway. Nrf2 protein levels that were reduced in obese rats were increased by the antioxidant treatment. Taken together, these results showed that resveratrol and fish oil reduce catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats, partly through the reduction of oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pricila R M
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Avila
authors.forename: Scherolin O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Thais F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Luciano
authors.forename: Marcelo F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Vitto
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Engelmann
authors.forename: Daniela R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Sane V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Ricardo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pinho
authors.forename: Fabio S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Lira
authors.forename: Claudio T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: De Souza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002395:Catecholamines; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005395:Fish Oils; C514889:KLHL1 protein, mouse; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D013267:Stilbenes; D007545:Isoproterenol; D000077185:Resveratrol