title: Predicting percentage body fat through waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) in Spanish schoolchildren.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the association between waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and body fat and to develop predictive adiposity equations that will simplify the diagnosis of obesity in the paediatric age group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study conducted in Spain during 2007 and 2008. Anthropometric dimensions were taken according to the International Biology Program. The children were classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese according to national standards of percentage body fat (%BF). WtHR differences among nutritional status categories were evaluated using ANOVA. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were carried out using WtHR as a predictor variable for %BF. A t test was applied to the results obtained by the regression model and by the Siri equation. The degree of agreement between both methods was evaluated by estimating the intra-class correlation coefficient.
  
  
  METHODS
  Elementary and secondary schools in Madrid (Spain).
  
  
  METHODS
  Girls (n 1158) and boys (n 1161) from 6 to 14 years old.
  
  
  RESULTS
  WtHR differed significantly (P < 0.001) depending on nutritional status category. This index was correlated (P < 0.001) with all adiposity indicators. The mean %BF values estimated by the regression model (boys: %BF = 106.50 × WtHR - 28.36; girls: %BF = 89.73 × WtHR - 15.40) did not differ from those obtained by the Siri equation. The intra-class correlation coefficient (0.85 in boys, 0.79 in girls) showed a high degree of concordance between both methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  WtHR proved to be an effective method for predicting relative adiposity in 6-14-year-olds. The developed equations can help to simplify the diagnosis of obesity in schoolchildren.
authors.affiliation: 1 Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Research Group EPINUT, Complutense University of Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28891 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marrodán
authors.affiliation: 1 Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Research Group EPINUT, Complutense University of Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28891 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jr Martínez
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: 1 Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Research Group EPINUT, Complutense University of Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28891 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M González-Montero
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: de Espinosa
authors.affiliation: 3 Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences Autónoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Mm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carmenate
authors.affiliation: 1 Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Research Group EPINUT, Complutense University of Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28891 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: López-Ejeda
authors.affiliation: 1 Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Research Group EPINUT, Complutense University of Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28891 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cabañas
authors.affiliation: 1 Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Research Group EPINUT, Complutense University of Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28891 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jl
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.affiliation: 1 Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Research Group EPINUT, Complutense University of Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28891 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ms
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mesa
authors.affiliation: 1 Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Research Group EPINUT, Complutense University of Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28891 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jf
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Romero-Collazos
authors.affiliation: 3 Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences Autónoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prado
authors.affiliation: 1 Dpto. de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Research Group EPINUT, Complutense University of Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28891 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villarino
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis*; D050177:Overweight / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain; D055105:Waist Circumference
references.citation: Circulation. 2003 Mar 18;107(10):1448-53
references.pmid: 12642369
references.citation: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2012 Jan;22(1):28-34
references.pmid: 20674304
references.citation: J Clin Epidemiol. 2008 Jul;61(7):646-53
references.pmid: 18359190
references.citation: J Adolesc Health. 2010 Oct;47(4):360-6
references.pmid: 20864005
references.citation: Rev Med Chil. 2010 Nov;138(11):1378-85
references.pmid: 21279250
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Apr;73(4):687-702
references.pmid: 11273842
references.citation: Med Clin (Barc). 2013 Apr 15;140(7):296-301
references.pmid: 22726769
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Nov;76(5):980-90
references.pmid: 12399269
references.citation: Public Health Nutr. 2010 Oct;13(10):1566-74
references.pmid: 20100388
references.citation: Atherosclerosis. 2010 Aug;211(2):667-71
references.pmid: 20417933
references.citation: Hum Biol. 1982 May;54(2):221-45
references.pmid: 7095794
references.citation: J Pediatr. 2004 Oct;145(4):439-44
references.pmid: 15480363
references.citation: Hum Biol. 1988 Oct;60(5):709-23
references.pmid: 3224965
references.citation: Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 1986;14:325-57
references.pmid: 3525188
references.citation: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981 Jan;29(1):111-23
references.pmid: 7460469
references.citation: Med Clin (Barc). 2010 Apr 3;134(9):386-91
references.pmid: 20138315
references.citation: Public Health Nutr. 2011 Jan;14(1):20-6
references.pmid: 20236563
references.citation: Br J Nutr. 2009 Sep;102(6):938-46
references.pmid: 19338706
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2009 Mar;123(3):750-7
references.pmid: 19254998
references.citation: Br J Nutr. 1990 Mar;63(2):293-303
references.pmid: 2334665
references.citation: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2008 Nov;18(9):613-7
references.pmid: 18083356
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Dec;48(6):1362-6
references.pmid: 3202085
references.citation: Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011 Jun;6(2-2):e129-37
references.pmid: 20950059
references.citation: Med Clin (Barc). 1996 Dec 7;107(20):782-7
references.pmid: 9019607
references.citation: An Pediatr (Barc). 2006 Jul;65(1):5-14
references.pmid: 16945285
references.citation: Am J Prev Med. 2009 Jul;37(1 Suppl):S34-9
references.pmid: 19524154
references.citation: Pediatr Int. 2008 Oct;50(5):679-86
references.pmid: 19261119
references.citation: Arch Dis Child. 1971 Apr;46(246):182-4
references.pmid: 5576028
references.citation: Clin Biochem. 2011 Jun;44(8-9):659-64
references.pmid: 21349259
references.citation: Br J Nutr. 1967 Aug;21(3):681-9
references.pmid: 6052883
references.citation: Metabolism. 2010 Jun;59(6):834-40
references.pmid: 20015520
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Mar;65(3):724-31
references.pmid: 9062521