title: Calcium phosphates deposited on titanium electrode surface--part 1: Effect of the electrode polarity and oxide film on the deposited materials.
abstract: We report experimental results about the effect of polarity of electrode and anodized titanium oxide film on the deposited materials by electrolysis of an acidic calcium phosphate solution. Mirror-polished titanium and anodized titanium were used as anode or cathode, and a Pt plate was used as a counter electrode. The load voltage was held constant at 20 VDC. No deposited materials were found on the anode surface. On the other hand, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) was deposited on the cathode surface at the beginning of the electrolysis. After the electrolysis time 600 s, the non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HAp) with several hundred nanometers was formed on the specimen surface. Based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data, the anodized oxide film contained both P(5+) and P(3+) ions. This characteristic of the oxide film and the electrolysis conditions were related to the behavior of the deposition of ultra fine HAp with high crystallinity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomaterial Science, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan. sokawa@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Seigo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okawa
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Mitsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanatani
mesh_terms: D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D003461:Crystallography; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D004560:Electricity; D004566:Electrodes; D004572:Electrolysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D010984:Platinum / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; C009495:titanium dioxide; D010758:Phosphorus; D010984:Platinum; D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium; C030242:phosphoric acid; C494366:calcium phosphate, dibasic, dihydrate