title: Trypanosoma cruzi genotyping supports a common source of infection in a school-related oral outbreak of acute Chagas disease in Venezuela.
abstract: Trypanosoma cruzi I, a discrete typing unit (DTU) found in human infections in Venezuela and other countries of the northern region of South America and in Central America, has been recently classified into five intra-DTU genotypes (Ia, Ib, Ic, Id, Ie) based on sequence polymorphisms found in the spliced leader intergenic region. In this paper we report the genotype identification of T. cruzi human isolates from one outbreak of acute orally acquired Chagas disease that occurred in a non-endemic region of Venezuela and from T. cruzi triatomine and rat isolates captured at a guava juice preparation site which was identified as the presumptive source of infection. The genotyping of all these isolates as TcId supports the view of a common source of infection in this oral Chagas disease outbreak through the ingestion of guava juice. Implications for clinical manifestations and dynamics of transmission cycles are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Inmunología, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Díaz-Bello
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zavala-Jaspe
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Noya
authors.forename: B Alarcón
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: DE Noya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abate
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001628:Beverages / Q000469:parasitology; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D017125:Genes, Protozoan; D005838:Genotype; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D031647:Psidium; D051381:Rats / Q000469:parasitology; D012574:Schools; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014687:Venezuela / Q000453:epidemiology
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