title: Enzyme-based listericidal nanocomposites.
abstract: Cell lytic enzymes represent an alternative to chemical decontamination or use of antibiotics to kill pathogenic bacteria, such as listeria. A number of phage cell lytic enzymes against listeria have been isolated and possess listericidal activity; however, there has been no attempt to incorporate these enzymes onto surfaces. We report three facile routes for the surface incorporation of the listeria bacteriophage endolysin Ply500: covalent attachment onto FDA approved silica nanoparticles (SNPs), incorporation of SNP-Ply500 conjugates into a thin poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) film; and affinity binding to edible crosslinked starch nanoparticles via construction of a maltose binding protein fusion. These Ply500 formulations were effective in killing L. innocua (a reduced pathogenic surrogate) at challenges up to 10(5) CFU/ml both in non-growth sustaining PBS as well as under growth conditions on lettuce. This strategy represents a new route toward achieving highly selective and efficient pathogen decontamination and prevention in public infrastructure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, and Rensselaer Nanotechnology Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
authors.forename: Kusum
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Solanki
authors.forename: Navdeep
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Downs
authors.forename: Elena E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Paskaleva
authors.forename: Krunal K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Lillian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Schadler
authors.forename: Ravi S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: Jonathan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Dordick
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000201:enzymology*; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D008087:Listeria / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology; D008422:Materials Testing; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D053769:Nanocapsules; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D010450:Endopeptidases; C001143:endolysin
references.citation: Trends Microbiol. 2012 Aug;20(8):360-8
references.pmid: 22652164
references.citation: Microb Biotechnol. 2011 Sep;4(5):651-62
references.pmid: 21535426
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2011 Oct;32(29):7241-52
references.pmid: 21705074
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2012 Mar 14;12(3):1583-7
references.pmid: 22296027
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2012;76(11):2008-13
references.pmid: 23132560
references.citation: J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2007 Apr-May;7(4-5):1675-8
references.pmid: 17450942
references.citation: Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2011 Apr;22(2):194-9
references.pmid: 21093251
references.citation: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2008 Jun;64(Pt 6):644-50
references.pmid: 18560152
references.citation: Adv Mater. 2012 Mar 22;24(12):1504-34
references.pmid: 22378538
references.citation: Future Microbiol. 2012 Oct;7(10):1147-71
references.pmid: 23030422
references.citation: Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012 Jul;18(7):690-5
references.pmid: 21851486
references.citation: Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2010;1:449-68
references.pmid: 22129344
references.citation: Curr Opin Microbiol. 2005 Aug;8(4):480-7
references.pmid: 15979390
references.citation: Langmuir. 2007 Nov 20;23(24):12318-21
references.pmid: 17944500
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Dec;72(12):7711-7
references.pmid: 17012587
references.citation: Biotechnol Bioeng. 2000 Nov 20;70(4):400-10
references.pmid: 11005922
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Dec;71(12):8115-22
references.pmid: 16332793
references.citation: Trends Microbiol. 2005 Oct;13(10):491-6
references.pmid: 16125935
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Oct 30;455(7217):1244-7
references.pmid: 18815593
references.citation: Lett Appl Microbiol. 2010 Jun 1;50(6):626-32
references.pmid: 20406380
references.citation: Langmuir. 2006 Jun 20;22(13):5833-6
references.pmid: 16768515
references.citation: Science. 2010 Feb 12;327(5967):812-8
references.pmid: 20110467
references.citation: Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Fall;1(4):179-85
references.pmid: 19173022
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Aug;77(15):5294-306
references.pmid: 21666015
references.citation: Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2011 Dec;38(6):516-21
references.pmid: 21982146