title: Malnutrition is related to functional impairment in older adults receiving home care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this work were (a) to provide a detailed description of the association between nutritional (Mini Nutritional Assessment; MNA®) and functional status in a sample of older adults receiving home care, using both questionnaire- and performance-based functional methods, and (b) to investigate the impact of different MNA subscales on this association.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multi-centre, cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  Home care.
  
  
  METHODS
  296 persons ≥65 years in need of care (80.7±7.7 y).
  
  
  METHODS
  Nutritional status was determined by the MNA and functional status by two questionnaires (Instrumental and Basic Activities of Daily Living; IADL, ADL) and three performance tests (handgrip strength, HGS; Short Physical Performance Battery, SPPB; Timed 'Up and Go' Test, TUG). A categorical and a covariance analytical approach were used to test for differences in functional status between MNA groups (well nourished, risk of malnutrition, malnourished). In addition, functional parameters were correlated with total MNA, a modified MNA version (modMNA), where functional items were excluded, and MNA subscales ('functionality', 'general assessment', 'anthropometry', 'dietary assessment', and 'subjective assessment').
  
  
  RESULTS
  57% of the participants were at risk of malnutrition and 12% malnourished. 35% reported severe limitations in IADL, 18% in ADL. 40%, 39% and 35% had severe limitations in HGS, SPPB and TUG; 9%, 28% and 34% were not able to perform the tests. Functional status deteriorated significantly from the well nourished to the malnourished group in all functional measures. The modMNA was weak but still significantly related to all functional parameters except TUG. The subscale 'functionality' revealed strongest correlations with functional measures. All other MNA subscales showed only weak or no associations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than one half of the seniors receiving home care were at nutritional risk and poor functional level, respectively. Malnutrition according to MNA was significantly associated to both questionnaire- and performance-based functional measures even after exclusion of functional MNA items.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany. eva.kiesswetter@iba.fau.de
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kiesswetter
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pohlhausen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uhlig
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Diekmann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lesser
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heseker
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stehle
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Sieber
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Volkert
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000886:Anthropometry; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D018737:Hand Strength; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000503:physiopathology*; D062407:Meals; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
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