title: The role of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and 9 in renal ischemia and reperfusion injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the involvement of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR9, and TLR2+9 in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice with gene knock-out of TLR2, TLR9, and TLR2+9 underwent renal I/R injury. Tubular damage, expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and kidney dysfunction were evaluated on different days after reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice deficient in TLR2, but not TLR9, were protected from renal I/R injury with less tubular damage, decreased cytokine production, and lower serum creatinine and urea levels than wild-type mice. TLR2+9 double-deficiency did not have an additional effect on tissue injury compared with TLR2 deficiency alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that activation of TLR2 signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of renal I/R injury, whereas TLR9 may be redundant for the development of this injury.
authors.affiliation: People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia A.R., Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China.
authors.forename: Xingzhi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhizhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Zhaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Sanxiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kewei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Guanxin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; C495370:Tlr9 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine