title: In vitro schistosomicidal effects of aqueous and dichloromethane fractions from leaves and stems of Piper species and the isolation of an active amide from P. amalago L. (Piperaceae).
abstract: Dichloromethane and aqueous fractions from leaves and stems of Piper arboreum Aubl., P. aduncum L., P. amalago L., P. crassinervium H.B. & K., P. diospyrifolium Kunth, P. hispidum Sw. and P. xylosteoides (Kunth) Steud. were tested against adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni. The in vitro activity was evaluated in terms of mortality, number of separated worms and number of worms with reduced motor activity. Most dichloromethane fractions from all Piper species showed moderate schistosomicidal activity, but aqueous fractions were not active. The dichloromethane fraction of P. amalago leaves (at 100 μg/ml) showed the highest activity, resulting in worm mortality, the separation of worm pairs and reduced motor activity. Chromatographic fractionation of the dichloromethane fraction of P. amalago leaves led to the isolation of its major compound, which was also tested against adults of S. mansoni. The isolated piperamide N-[7-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(Z),4(Z)-heptadienoyl] pyrrolidine, at 100 μ m, resulted in the mortality of all adult worms after 24 h of incubation. The findings suggest that species of Piper are potential sources of schistosomicidal compounds.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmácia,Universidade Estadual de Maringá,Maringá,PR,Brazil.
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Carrara
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmácia,Universidade Estadual de Maringá,Maringá,PR,Brazil.
authors.forename: S C H
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia,Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo,Ribeirão Preto,SP,Brazil.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia,Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo,Ribeirão Preto,SP,Brazil.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca,Franca,SP,Brazil.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmácia,Universidade Estadual de Maringá,Maringá,PR,Brazil.
authors.forename: D A G
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cortez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas,Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora,Juiz de Fora,MG,Brazil.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Da Silva Filho
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D031701:Piper / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000871:Anthelmintics; D010936:Plant Extracts