title: Combined effect of noise and vibration produced by high-speed trains on annoyance in buildings.
abstract: The effects of noise and vibration on annoyance in buildings during the passage of a nearby high-speed train have been investigated in a laboratory experiment with recorded train noise and 20 Hz vibration. The noises included the effects of two types of façade: windows-open and windows-closed. Subjects were exposed to six levels of noise and six magnitudes of vibration, and asked to rate annoyance using an 11-point numerical scale. The experiment consisted of four sessions: (1) evaluation of noise annoyance in the absence of vibration, (2) evaluation of total annoyance from simultaneous noise and vibration, (3) evaluation of noise annoyance in the presence of vibration, and (4) evaluation of vibration annoyance in the absence of noise. The results show that vibration did not influence ratings of noise annoyance, but that total annoyance caused by combined noise and vibration was considerably greater than the annoyance caused by noise alone. The noise annoyance and the total annoyance caused by combined noise and vibration were associated with subject self-ratings of noise sensitivity. Two classical models of total annoyance due to combined noise sources (maximum of the single source annoyance or the integration of individual annoyance ratings) provided useful predictions of the total annoyance caused by simultaneous noise and vibration.
authors.affiliation: Human Factors Research Unit, Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom. pyoungjik@daum.net
authors.forename: Pyoung Jik
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Griffin
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000162:Acoustics; D000328:Adult; D001307:Auditory Perception; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D005160:Facility Design and Construction / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007508:Irritable Mood; D016014:Linear Models; D008144:Loudness Perception; D008297:Male; D009624:Noise, Transportation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011312:Pressure; D011890:Railroads; D014732:Vibration; D055815:Young Adult