title: Ex vivo microbial leakage after using different final irrigation regimens with chlorhexidine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the influence of final irrigation protocols with chlorhexidine in the coronal leakage of Enterococcus faecalis in filled root canals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy single-root canals from extracted teeth were prepared using ProTaper instruments. The irrigation protocol accomplished an alternating irrigation with 5 mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) and 17% EDTA between each file. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=15) according to the final irrigation regimen: group 1, without final irrigation; group 2, irrigation with 10 mL 2.0% chlorhexidine (CHX); group 3, with a final application of EC40™; and group 4, irrigation with the combination (1:1) of 0.2% CHX + 0.1% cetrimide (CTR). All the teeth were mounted in a two-chamber apparatus and the coronal access was exposed to E. faecalis. The presence of turbidity in the BHI broth over a period of 180 days was observed. The Friedman test was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EC40™ varnish showed the least leakage at 180 days, and was statistically similar to 2% CHX. No significant differences were observed between the group without final irrigation and the 2% CHX group or 0.2% CHX + 0.1% CTR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this ex vivo study, EC40™ showed the longest delayed coronal leakage of E. faecalis, although without significant differences from 2% CHX.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry. University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, Colegio Máximo s/n, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Navarro-Escobar
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baca
authors.forename: María Paloma
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: González-Rodríguez
authors.forename: María Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Arias-Moliz
authors.forename: Matilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Carmen María
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ferrer-Luque
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077286:Cetrimonium; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011897:Random Allocation; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D002710:Chlorhexidine; D000077286:Cetrimonium
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