title: [Associations between calcium intake and risk of cardiovascular disease].
abstract: We reviewed epidemiologic evidence regarding the associations between dietary or supplementary calcium intake and risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary calcium intake, especially from milk and dairy foods, was inversely associated with risk of stroke among Asians and American women, but not among American men and Europeans. Supplementary calcium intake was not associated with risk of stroke. As for coronary heart disease, dietary calcium intake was not associated with the risk in most of the previous studies. Supplementary calcium intake was positively associated with risk of coronary heart disease. In conclusion, dietary calcium intake may be beneficial for the prevention of stroke in Japanese whose average intake of calcium is low.
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsumasa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umesawa
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iso
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002118:Calcium