title: Phenotypic and molecular differences between rats selectively bred to voluntarily run high vs. low nightly distances.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to partially phenotype male and female rats from generations 8-10 (G8-G10) that had been selectively bred to possess low (LVR) vs. high voluntary running (HVR) behavior. Over the first 6 days with wheels, 34-day-old G8 male and female LVRs ran shorter distances (P < 0.001), spent less time running (P < 0.001), and ran slower (P < 0.001) than their G8 male and female HVR counterparts, respectively. HVR and LVR lines consumed similar amounts of standard chow with or without wheels. No inherent difference existed in PGC-1α mRNA in the plantaris and soleus muscles of LVR and HVR nonrunners, although G8 LVR rats inherently possessed less NADH-positive superficial plantaris fibers compared with G8 HVR rats. While day 28 body mass tended to be greater in both sexes of G9-G10 LVR nonrunners vs. G9-G10 HVR nonrunners (P = 0.06), body fat percentage was similar between lines. G9-G10 HVRs had fat mass loss after 6 days of running compared with their prerunning values, while LVR did not lose or gain fat mass during the 6-day voluntary running period. RNA deep sequencing efforts in the nucleus accumbens showed only eight transcripts to be >1.5-fold differentially expressed between lines in HVR and LVR nonrunners. Interestingly, HVRs presented less Oprd1 mRNA, which ties in to potential differences in dopaminergic signaling between lines. This unique animal model provides further evidence as to how exercise may be mechanistically regulated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Jacob D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Company
authors.forename: Lauren P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Oberle
authors.forename: Alexander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Heese
authors.forename: Ryan G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Toedebusch
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Clayton L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cruthirds
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Knouse
authors.forename: J Andries
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Childs
authors.forename: Marybeth
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Frank W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Booth
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004435:Eating / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D010641:Phenotype; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; C501429:Ppargc1a protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D009243:NAD
keywords: RNA-seq; exercise; genes; nucleus accumbens; selective breeding
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