title: Care planning for long-term conditions – a concept mapping.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article focuses on approaches within clinical practice that seek to actively involve patients with long-term conditions (LTCs) and how professionals may understand and implement them. Personalized care planning is one such approach, but its current lack of conceptual clarity might have impeded its widespread implementation to date. A variety of overlapping concepts coexist in the literature, which have the potential to impair both clinical and research agendas. The aim of this article is therefore to explore the meaning of the concept of care planning in relation to other overlapping concepts and how this translates into clinical practice implementation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Searches were conducted in the Cochrane database for systematic reviews, CINHAL and MEDLINE. A staged approach to conducting the concept mapping was undertaken, by (i) an examination of the literature on care planning in LTCs; (ii) identification of related terms; (iii) locating reviews of those terms. Retrieved articles were subjected to a content analysis, which formed the basis of our concept maps. (iv) We then appraised these against knowledge and experience of the implementation of care planning in clinical practice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thirteen articles were retrieved, in which the core importance of patient-centredness, shared decision making and self-management was highlighted. Literature searches on these terms retrieved a further 24 articles. Our concept mapping exercise shows that whilst there are common themes across the concepts, the differences between them reflect the context and intended outcomes within clinical practice. We argue that this clarification exercise will allow for further development of both research and clinical implementation agendas.
authors.affiliation: Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.|FUSE, UKCRC Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lhussier
authors.affiliation: Year of Care Partnerships, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eaton
authors.affiliation: Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.affiliation: NHS County Durham and Darlington, Durham, UK.|NHS North East, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK.
authors.forename: Mathew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Year of Care Partnerships, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.|FUSE, UKCRC Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Carr
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D003657:Decision Making; D006801:Humans; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*
keywords: care planning; concept mapping; long-term conditions; patient-centredness; self-management; shared decision making
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