title: Structure and antiviral activity of arabinogalactan with (1→6)-β-D-galactan core from Stevia rebaudiana leaves.
abstract: Cell wall polysaccharides from leaves of Stevia rebaudiana were extracted successively with water and with aq. 10% KOH. After the purification steps, homogeneous fractions (SFW-10RM and SSFK-10RM) were analyzed by sugar composition, HPSEC, methylation and (13)C NMR spectroscopy analysis. The results showed that SFW-10RM is a pectic arabinogalactan with an unusual β-(1→6)-linked D-Galp residues forming the main chain. Approximately 38% of the β-D-Galp units of the backbone carry branches on position O-3, consisting of single D-Galp units or arabinan side chains. Arabinose residues were found to occupy mostly the terminal positions in both furanose and pyranose forms and as 2-, 5- and 3,5-linked residues in these side chains. Fraction SSFK-10RM is a similar arabinogalactan, differing mainly in the relative proportions of arabinans attached to the galactan core and in the content of D-GalpA residues present in the pectic domain. The crude aqueous and alkaline extracts and homogeneous SSFK-10RM showed antiviral activity against Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 (HSV-1) in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, CEP 87.020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arildo José Braz
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Lucimara M C
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
authors.forename: Regina Aparecida Correia
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Ligia Fernanda
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Ceole
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueda-Nakamura
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iacomini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005685:Galactans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D036625:Stevia / Q000737:chemistry*; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D005685:Galactans; D010936:Plant Extracts; C044347:1,6-galactan; C005653:arabinogalactan