title: Effects of a traditional fermented grape-based drink 'hardaliye' on antioxidant status of healthy adults: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The antioxidative effects of the traditional grape-based beverage, hardaliye, were investigated with a 40-day randomized controlled clinical trial on 89 healthy adults. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups: high hardaliye (HH), low hardaliye (LH) and control group. HH and LH groups consumed 500 mL and 250 mL hardaliye per day, respectively, and the control group did not consume any hardaliye. Dien conjugate (DC), malondialdehyde (MDA), vitamin C, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and homocysteine concentrations were measured in fasting blood samples collected at baseline and after intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant decreases in DC, MDA and homocysteine concentrations were observed in HH and LH groups (P < 0.001) after intervention, whereas the control group showed no change. The reduction in homocysteine was significantly different between HH and LH groups (P < 0.001), except for DC and MDA. TAC and vitamin C were slightly increased; however, the change was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary supplementation with hardaliye affect the MDA, DC and homocysteine levels in blood, possibly due to the presence of antioxidant compounds. Dose response was only observed for homocysteine. Further studies need to be performed to assess the effects on antioxidant capacity.
authors.affiliation: Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) Marmara Research Center, Food Institute, 41470, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Birdem
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Amoutzopoulos
authors.forename: Gül B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Löker
authors.forename: Gülhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Samur
authors.forename: Senem A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Cevikkalp
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yaman
authors.forename: Timur
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Köse
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pelvan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D001628:Beverages; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005638:Fruit; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D006710:Homocysteine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: antioxidant effects; grape; hardaliye; homocysteine; polyphenols; traditional drink