title: Liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for pesticide residue analysis in fruit and vegetables: screening and quantitative studies.
abstract: This work reviews the current state-of-the-art of liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) techniques applied to the analysis of pesticides in fruit-based and vegetable-based matrices. Nowadays, simultaneous trace analysis of hundreds of pesticides from different classes is required, preferably in just one run. The most commonly used QqQ-MS technology presents certain limitations in its application in a cost and effective way when analyzing a large number of pesticides. Thus, this review includes HRMS technology as a reliable complementary alternative allowing the analysis of a wide range of pesticides in food. Its capabilities and limitations in identifying, confirming and quantifying pesticides are discussed. HRMS instruments can adequately address such issues; however, the main drawbacks are as a result of insufficient prior optimization of the operational parameters during non-target analysis in full-scan mode and due to software shortcomings.
authors.affiliation: Pesticide Residue Research Group, European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL), Department of Hydrogeology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Almería, 04120 La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gómez-Ramos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Malato
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agüera
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Fernández-Alba
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues