title: Expression of matrix metalloproteinases in human breast cancer tissues.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women in the world today. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of endopeptidases that can degrade extracellular matrix proteins and promote cell invasion and metastasis. MMPs are differentially expressed and their expressions are often associated with a poor prognosis for patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the expression of MMPs in different grades of human breast cancer tissues with normal breast tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected 39 breast cancer samples (24 grade II and 15 grade III) along with 16 normal breast tissues from outside the tumor margin during cancer removal surgery. The samples were analysed for the expression of all known MMPs using real-time quantitative PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicate that mRNA expressions of MMP-1, -9,-11,-15,-24 and -25 were upregulated in breast cancer tissues when compared to normal breast tissues. But, the mRNA expressions of MMP-10 and MMP-19 were downregulated in cancer tissue. In membrane associated MMPs like MMP-15 and MMP-24 we found a grade dependent increase of their mRNA expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our studies demonstrate that MMPs are differentially regulated in breast cancer tissues and they might play various roles in tumor invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. Thus, MMPs are of immense value to be studied as diagnostic markers and drug target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Chellakkan Selvanesan
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: Somasundaram Dinesh
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.forename: Selvi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Radhakrishna
authors.forename: Nagarajan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Selvamurugan
authors.forename: Bhaskaran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ravi Sankar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases