title: The relationship between health-promoting behaviors and resilience in patients with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: This cross-sectional research study explored differences in health-promoting behavior and resilience among three groups of chronic kidney disease patients (high-risk, early chronic kidney disease; early CKD and pre-end stage renal disease; pre-ESRD) treated at the Nephrology outpatient clinic in northern Taiwan. A total of 150 CKD outpatients were interviewed using structured questionnaires including a CKD Health to Promote Lifestyle Scale, and resilience scale. We found that the pre-ESRD group had lower resilience than either high-risk or early CKD groups. Factors affecting pre-ESRD resilience were gender, occupational status, diabetes and health-promoting behaviors. Factors affecting resilience of the high-risk group included level of education and health-promoting behaviors while factors affecting resilience in the early CKD group involved whether they are employed and health promoting behaviors. A significant positive correlation was found between health promoting behavior and resilience in all study subjects. Multiple regression analysis found that factors which could effectively predict resilience in patients at high-risk for CKD were gender, whether the patient had a job, nutrition, self-actualization, and stress level, accounting for 69.7% of the variance. Therefore, nursing education should focus on health promotion advocacy throughout the life of not only patients but also their families.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Ching
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Hong-Jer
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yueh-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hsiang-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Mei-Yu
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Kuo-Cheng
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology