title: Clinical significance of protocadherin-8 (PCDH8) promoter methylation in bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical significance of protocadherin-8 (PCDH8) promoter methylation in bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the promoter methylation status of PCDH8 in tumour tissue samples obtained from patients with bladder cancer, and in normal bladder epithelial tissue samples obtained from age- and sex-matched control subjects. Methylation status was correlated with demographic, clinical and pathological parameters and disease outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCDH8 promoter methylation was detected in 76/135 (56.3%) patients with bladder cancer and none of 34 (0%) control subjects. Methylation was significantly associated with advanced stage (T2-T4), high grade (G3), tumour recurrence, larger tumour diameter (>3 cm) and nonpapillary morphology. In addition, methylation was associated with significantly shorter survival time and was an independent predictor of overall survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCDH8 promoter methylation is a common occurrence in bladder cancer, and is associated with malignant behaviour and poor prognosis. Determination of PCDH8 promoter methylation status in tumour tissue may assist in the identification of patients who require aggressive postoperative intervention in order to improve prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xuzhou Tumour Hospital (Xuzhou Third People's Hospital), Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiang-Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Tong-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D000091363:Protocadherins; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C115816:PCDH8 protein, human; D000091363:Protocadherins