title: A comparison of self-administered proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation to static stretching on range of motion and flexibility.
abstract: Stretching is known to be an effective method for increasing range of motion. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is a stretching technique that is often associated with a partner. The goal of this study was to examine the changes in hip range of motion (ROM) and hip, back and shoulder flexibility (HBSF) after an intervention of self-administered PNF vs. traditional static stretching. Nineteen healthy college-aged individuals (ages 19-25 years) completed the study. Participants were tested preintervention and postintervention for hip ROM and HBSF using a goniometer and sit-and-reach test, respectively. Interventions included static or self-PNF hamstring stretching 2 × 40 seconds on each leg for 6 weeks. Participants were randomly placed in a group, and upon completion of the intervention and a 1-week rest period, they repeated the process with the other intervention. Statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in the change in hip ROM and HBSF between the static stretch and self-PNF group. Mean and SD changes in the hip ROM were -6.2 ± 6.6° vs. 0.6 ± 4.5° for the PNF and static groups, respectively (where a negative value indicates an increase in ROM) and 5.2 ± 3.3 cm vs. 2.0 ± 2.6 cm, respectively, for HSBF. In addition, significant improvements (using 99% confidence intervals) were found in the 2 measures after the PNF intervention but only in HBSF after the static stretching intervention. These results suggest that self-PNF can be used in place of static stretching, does not require a partner, and gives control of the stretching to the individual.
authors.affiliation: William Paterson University, Wayne, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wicke
authors.forename: Kamar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gainey
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Figueroa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001415:Back / Q000502:physiology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D052580:Muscle Stretching Exercises / Q000379:methods*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D012648:Self Care; D012782:Shoulder / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult