title: Evolutionary history of Andean Pholidobolus and Macropholidus (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) lizards.
abstract: Andean Pholidobolus and Macropholidus lizards contain seven and two species, respectively, as currently recognized. We analyze three mitochondrial loci (12S, 16S, ND4) using Bayesian methods to clarify the phylogenetic relationships between these genera based on a well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis. The phylogenetic tree obtained in this paper includes two main clades and shows that both Pholidobolus and Macropholidus are not monophyletic. A chronophylogenetic analysis indicates that the southernmost clade, occurring in the Huancabamba Depression, diversified earlier than the northern-Andes clade. Bayesian hypothesis tests reject previous phylogenetic hypotheses. We propose phylogenetic definitions for the main clades inferred herein.
authors.affiliation: Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre y Roca, Apartado 17-01-2184, Quito, Ecuador. omartorcar@gmail.com
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Torres-Carvajal
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mafla-Endara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D004484:Ecuador; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008116:Lizards / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D010568:Peru; D010802:Phylogeny; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; C098483:NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C075526:RNA, ribosomal, 12S; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase