title: Synthesis of structured lipid enriched with omega fatty acids and sn-2 palmitic acid by enzymatic esterification and its incorporation in powdered infant formula.
abstract: Structured lipid (SL) enriched with arachidonic (ARA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids was produced from tripalmitin using Lipozyme TL IM. The effects of acyl donors, that is, free fatty acids vs fatty acid ethyl esters, on the reactions were compared. The highest total incorporation of ARA and DHA was obtained when the reaction continued for 24 h, at a substrate mole ratio of 9, using free fatty acids as acyl donors (acidolysis). The SL prepared by a large-scale acidolysis reaction contained 17.69 ± 0.09% total ARA, 10.75 ± 0.15% total DHA, and 48.53 ± 1.40% sn-2 palmitic acid. SL thermograms exhibited multiple peaks indicating complexity of the triacylglycerol (TAG) distribution. RP-HPLC analysis of SL revealed nine of 26 TAG molecular species that were similar to those of human milk fat. Powdered infant formulas containing the SL were prepared by wet-mixing/spray-drying and dry-blending methods. Formula prepared with microencapsulated SL and the dry-blending method had better oxidative stability and color quality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2610, United States.
authors.forename: Supakana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagachinta
authors.forename: Casimir C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Akoh
mesh_terms: D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D004951:Esterification; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry*; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D011208:Powders / Q000737:chemistry; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D011208:Powders; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid; C005859:tripalmitin; C093666:Lipozyme; D008049:Lipase