title: Natural oncolytic activity of live-attenuated measles virus against human lung and colorectal adenocarcinomas.
abstract: Lung and colorectal cancers are responsible for approximately 2 million deaths each year worldwide. Despite continual improvements, clinical management of these diseases remains challenging and development of novel therapies with increased efficacy is critical to address these major public health issues. Oncolytic viruses have shown promising results against cancers that are resistant to conventional anticancer therapies. Vaccine strains of measles virus (MV) exhibit such natural antitumor properties by preferentially targeting cancer cells. We tested the ability of live-attenuated Schwarz strain of MV to specifically infect tumor cells derived from human lung and colorectal adenocarcinomas and demonstrated that live-attenuated MV exhibits oncolytic properties against these two aggressive neoplasms. We also showed that Schwarz MV was able to prevent uncontrollable growth of large, established lung and colorectal adenocarcinoma xenografts in nude mice. Moreover, MV oncolysis is associated with in vivo activation of caspase-3 in colorectal cancer model, as shown by immunohistochemical staining. Our results provide new arguments for the use of MV as an antitumor therapy against aggressive human malignancies.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR892, 44000 Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boisgerault
authors.forename: Jean-Baptiste
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Guillerme
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pouliquen
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mesel-Lemoine
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Achard
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Combredet
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Fonteneau
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tangy
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grégoire
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D008457:Measles / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008459:Measles virus / Q000472:pathogenicity; D051379:Mice; D050130:Oncolytic Virotherapy; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D008458:Measles Vaccine; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated