title: Neo-sex chromosomes and adaptive potential in tortricid pests.
abstract: Changes in genome architecture often have a significant effect on ecological specialization and speciation. This effect may be further enhanced by involvement of sex chromosomes playing a disproportionate role in reproductive isolation. We have physically mapped the Z chromosome of the major pome fruit pest, the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Tortricidae), and show that it arose by fusion between an ancestral Z chromosome and an autosome corresponding to chromosome 15 in the Bombyx mori reference genome. We further show that the fusion originated in a common ancestor of the main tortricid subfamilies, Olethreutinae and Tortricinae, comprising almost 700 pest species worldwide. The Z-autosome fusion brought two major genes conferring insecticide resistance and clusters of genes involved in detoxification of plant secondary metabolites under sex-linked inheritance. We suggest that this fusion significantly increased the adaptive potential of tortricid moths and thus contributed to their radiation and subsequent speciation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sýkorová
authors.forename: Jindra
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Šíchová
authors.forename: Václav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kůta
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dalíková
authors.forename: Radmila
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Čapková Frydrychová
authors.forename: Lisa G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Neven
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sahara
authors.forename: František
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marec
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009036:Moths / Q000235:genetics*; D020161:Physical Chromosome Mapping; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012730:Sex Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*