title: Pyriproxyfen enhances the immunoglobulin G immune response in mice.
abstract: Pyriproxyfen is a juvenile hormone mimic of vital importance for insect development with little risk to humans. This study was performed to investigate whether large doses of pyriproxyfen affect the immune response in mammals. Mice were immunized thrice with ovalbumin in 5% ethanol, with or without pyriproxyfen or alum. Large doses of pyriproxyfen (9 or 15 mM) significantly enhanced specific total IgG immune response. This enhancement was no longer present 24 hr after treatment with pyriproxyfen. These results suggest that pyriproxyfen is a safe chemical. Moreover, pyriproxyfen induced higher titers of IgG2a and enhanced tumor necrosis factor-alpha and gamma-interferon responses whereas alum induced IgG1 with enhanced interleukin-4 and -10. These observations indicate that the mechanism of immune enhancement by pyriproxyfen may differ from that of alum.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tanjina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharmin
authors.forename: Tomomitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Satho
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Mineo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosokawa
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
authors.forename: Parimal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Talukder
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.forename: Shodai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuruda
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uyeda
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukmits
authors.forename: Yukie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Masumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imoto
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kashige
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Miake
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects*; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011725:Pyridines; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; C055613:pyriproxyfen; D010047:Ovalbumin