title: Alcohol's role in HIV transmission and disease progression.
abstract: Alcohol use has negative effects on HIV disease progression through several mechanisms, including transmission, viral replication, host immunity, and treatment efficacy. Research with animal models has explored the effect of alcohol intake on several aspects of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) disease progression. Data suggest that the increased SIV levels observed in alcohol-consuming animals may represent an increase in virus production as opposed to a decrease in host defense. Results also suggest that changes in nutritional balance and metabolism, as a possible consequence of a proinflammatory state, together with increased virus production in animals consuming alcohol, accelerate SIV and possibly HIV disease progression. Further studies using the animal model are necessary.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Ivona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pandrea
authors.forename: Kyle I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Happel
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Amedee
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Bagby
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D018450:Disease Progression; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D019562:Viral Load / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology