title: Development of high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection method for screening mebendazole, clorsulon, diaveridine, and tolfenamic acid in animal-based food samples.
abstract: This study focused on the detection and validation of the residues of the four veterinary drugs, mebendazole, clorsulon, diaveridine, and tolfenamic acid, using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and an ultraviolet (UV) detector. Utilizing C18 column as a stationary phase and applying appropriate mobile phases to each analysis according to the properties of the analytes, target compounds in food samples were successfully detected and separated within 15-50 min. Additionally, in order to optimize detection, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and purification steps were established to minimize the endogenous peaks and their interferences. The method was validated through testing of linearity, accuracy, precision, the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ levels of the four drugs were lower than the maximum residual limit, and the coefficient of determination (R(2) ) was over 0.99. The recovery results ranged from 82.3-105.2%, 79.3-83.3%, 79.4-86.0%, and 81.7-88.5% with relative standard deviations lower than 20% for mebendazole, clorsulon, diaveridine, and tolfenamic acid, respectively, corresponding to the CODEX guideline. This proposed method reduces costs and enables easier application in rural or remote areas where testing facilities or instruments often are unavailable.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Pyo
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yoonyoung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: Jae Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Chan Hyeok
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Seul Ji
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ji Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ee
authors.forename: Geun Tae
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Gyun
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeongmi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeong Hill
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: You-Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008463:Mebendazole / Q000032:analysis*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000032:analysis*; D013424:Sulfanilamides / Q000032:analysis*; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000032:analysis*; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011743:Pyrimidines; D013424:Sulfanilamides; D019155:Veterinary Drugs; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; C009500:tolfenamic acid; C033222:diaveridine; D008463:Mebendazole; C015675:clorsulon
keywords: HPLC-UV; clorsulon; diaveridine; mebendazole; tolfenamic acid; veterinary drugs