title: PF2401-SF, standardized fraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza shows anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages and acute arthritis in vivo.
abstract: Standardization of processing methods for herbs is as important as authentication to maintain their quality and ensure their safe use. We had previously prepared a standardized and purified Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge extract, PF2401-SF, and showed that it protects against liver injury in vivo, at a greater potency than an ethanol extract. PF2401-SF was enriched with tanshinone I (11.5%), tanshinone IIA (41.0%), and cryptotanshinone (19.1%). In this study, we investigated potential anti-inflammatory effects of PF2401-SF in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that PF2401-SF shows anti-inflammatory potency on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in RAW 264.7 cells. A mechanistic study indicated that PF2401-SF induced heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression through extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) phosphorylation. Moreover, we also evaluated that PF2401-SF significantly reduced inflammation on carrageenan- or dextran-induced acute arthritis in rats. Our results suggest that PF2401-SF may be a potential candidate for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Department of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wen-Yi
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Byeong-Ho
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Youn-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong Hwan
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Geom Seog
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002351:Carrageenan; D002460:Cell Line; D003911:Dextrans; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018517:Plant Roots; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D003911:Dextrans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C582136:PF2401-SF; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002351:Carrageenan; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; C496542:Hmox1 protein, mouse; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases