title: Clinical review: The use of aromatase inhibitors for ovulation induction and superovulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anovulation is likely responsible for 20% of female infertility. Although clomiphene citrate remains the first-line therapy for ovulation induction in anovulatory patients who are not estrogen-deficient and to treat unexplained infertility, there remains a discrepancy between ovulation and conception rates with its use, attributed to its antiestrogenic effects on cervical mucus and the endometrium. Alternative agents, including aromatase inhibitors, have been used that have not been associated with these side effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was conducted to specifically explore the use of aromatase inhibitors for ovulation induction and superovulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent studies have found that aromatase inhibitors may be safe and useful agents for ovulation induction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome as well a treatment option for superovulation in patients with either unexplained infertility or endometriosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aromatase inhibitors may be an effective alternative treatment to clomiphene citrate for both ovulation induction and superovulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, 250 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Ellen
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pavone
authors.forename: Serdar E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Bulun
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000858:Anovulation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003663:Decision Trees; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000009:adverse effects; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D013480:Superovulation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors