title: Gastrointestinal complications after open heart surgery: incidence and determinants of risk factors.
abstract: Acute mesenteric ischemia is a rare but serious complication of open heart surgery. Between January 2009 and January 2012, 1360 adult patients underwent open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass at our institution; 29 patients presented gastrointestinal complications. Eight patients developed acute mesenteric ischemia and all of them died. Significant predictors of the complication were New York Heart Association functional class III/IV, history of extensive atherosclerosis and chronic renal failure, acute renal failure following surgery, low cardiac output, use of 2 or more vasoconstrictor drugs, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and multiorgan failure. Atherosclerosis is a multisystemic disease that affects several organs. Radiologic evaluation of mesenteric arterial system should be performed in high-risk patient populations. Perioperative percutaneous and open vascular procedures will reduce the risk of acute mesenteric ischemia that may develop after cardiac surgery and consequent morbidity and mortality rates.
authors.affiliation: 1Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, Gaziosmanpasa Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sever
authors.forename: Cihan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozbek
authors.forename: Burce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Goktas
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bas
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ugurlucan
authors.forename: Denyan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mansuroglu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007418:Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction / Q000453:epidemiology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D065666:Mesenteric Ischemia; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: acute mesenteric ischemia; atherosclerosis.; cardiopulmonary bypass; gastrointestinal complications; risk factors