title: Current status of lung cancer screening.
abstract: Low-dose CT (LDCT) is effective in the early detection of lung cancer, providing higher resectability and long-term survival rates. The National Lung Screening Trial shows a statistically significant mortality reduction in LDCT compared with chest radiography. The efficacy and safety of annual LDCT screening in heavy smokers must be explored, and the magnitude of benefit compared with the cost of large-scale screening. Trials in Europe have different study designs and an observational arm. Strategies to reduce lung cancer mortality should combine early detection with primary prevention and innovative biologic approaches.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy. Ugo.Pastorino@istitutotumori.mi.it
authors.forename: Ugo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pastorino
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D035683:MicroRNAs; D008875:Middle Aged; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D015996:Survival Rate; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D035683:MicroRNAs