title: Development of peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified in an HTLV-1 carrier.
abstract: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) after a long latency period of about 60 years. As the mature T-cell neoplasms that emerge in patients infected with HTLV-1 are often ATL, T-cell neoplasms developing in such patients tend to be diagnosed simply as ATL without further investigation. However, not all T-cell neoplasms that develop in HTLV-1-infected cases are ATL. Mature T-cell malignancies other than ATL should be carefully excluded in patients infected with HTLV-1, as these sometimes closely resemble ATL in their clinical, morphological, and histological features. Here, we present a case of peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) in an HTLV-1 carrier. Confirmation of monoclonal integration of the virus with Southern blotting leads to a definite diagnosis of ATL. Although we did not detect the monoclonal integration band of HTLV-1 in this case, the high HTLV-1 proviral load complicated the diagnosis. Multicolor flow cytometric analysis clearly showed that HTLV-1 was not integrated in the tumor cells, and facilitated discrimination of PTCL-NOS from ATL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. ishigaki@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishigaki
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuji
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Nobukazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Arinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tojo
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchimaru
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002353:Carrier State / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D015333:Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016411:Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D011533:Proviruses; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics; D016662:Virus Integration
chemical_list: D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta