title: Polymyositis as a paraneoplastic syndrome in cytotoxic molecule-positive and Epstein-Barr virus-associated peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified.
abstract: We encountered a rare case of cytotoxic molecule-positive and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), which was clinically preceded by polymyositis. A 50-year-old woman with a 4-year history of steroid-refractory polymyositis developed ulcerative skin swelling on her left arm. A diagnosis of cytotoxic molecule (TIA-1)-positive and EBV-associated PTCL-NOS was made on the basis of immunohistochemical and molecular examinations of the biopsied brachial muscle. Combination chemotherapies were ineffective, with a fatal outcome. Reassessment of the biopsy specimens of the muscle taken at the age of 46 years showed that the PTCL was already present, indicating that the polymyositis was likely a paraneoplastic manifestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Shinko Hospital, Japan. htsunemine@shinkohp.or.jp
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsunemine
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maruoka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akasaka
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Udaka
authors.forename: Kazuyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ishikawa Sakane
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hiramoto
authors.forename: Kiminari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Taiichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kodaka
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic / Q000379:methods; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016411:Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D017285:Polymyositis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology