title: Kolaviron protects against ethylene glycol monoethyl ether-induced toxicity in boar spermatozoa.
abstract: This study investigated the ameliorative effects of kolaviron (a biflavonoid from the seed of Garcinia kola) and vitamin C on ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE)-induced oxidative damage in boar spermatozoa in vitro. EGEE (1.0 mm) was incubated with boar spermatozoa for 3 h with or without either kolaviron (50 and 100 μm) or vitamin C (1.0 mm). Spermatozoa parameters were determined hourly during the incubation period, whereas aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase activities and oxidative stress indices were assessed after the incubation period. Results showed a time-dependent decline in spermatozoa motility and viability with significant elevation in total abnormalities in EGEE-treated spermatozoa. Exposure to EGEE resulted in significant increase in aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, whereas it markedly decreased glutathione (GSH) level, catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities with concomitant increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Pre-treatment of spermatozoa with kolaviron or vitamin C significantly decreased H2 O2 and MDA levels, improved spermatozoa characteristics and ameliorated oxidative damage in EGEE-treated spermatozoa. Taken together, EGEE exhibited its spermatotoxicity via induction of oxidative stress. The protective effects by kolaviron and vitamin C against EGEE-induced oxidative damage may be due to their intrinsic antioxidative potentials.
authors.affiliation: Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Adedara
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Farombi
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000187:drug effects; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000633:toxicity*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D005419:Flavonoids; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D005978:Glutathione; C021296:2-ethoxyethanol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; C045492:kolaviron
keywords: Boar; ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE); kolaviron; oxidative stress; spermatotoxicity