title: Hazardous effects of fried potato chips on the development of retina in albino rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the hazardous effects of fried potato chips upon the retina of two developmental stages of the albino rats aged 7 and 14 days from parturition.
  
  
  METHODS
  PREGNANT RATS WERE ARRANGED INTO TWO GROUPS: control pregnant rats and consequently their delivered newborns until reaching 7 and 14 days old from parturition and fried potato chips group in which pregnant rats at the 6th day of gestation maintained on diet formed of fried potato chips supplied from the market mixed with standard diet at a concentration of 50% per each till 7 and 14 post-partum. Three fold integrated approaches were adopted, namely, histological, ultrastructural and proteomic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histological examination of the retina of the experimental offsprings revealed many histopathological changes, including massive degeneration, vacuolization and cell loss in the ganglion cell layer, as well as general reduction in retinal size. At the ultrastructural level, the retina of experimental offsprings exhibited number of deformities, including ill differentiated and degenerated nuclear layer, malformed and vacuolated pigment epithelium with vesiculated and fragmented rough endoplasmic reticulum, degenerated outer segment of photoreceptors, as well as swollen choriocapillaris and loss of neuronal cells. Proteomic analysis of retina of the two experimental developmental stages showed variations in the expressed proteins as a result of intoxication which illustrated the adverse toxic effects of fried potato chips upon the retina.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that the effect of fried potato chips on the development of retina in rats may be due to the presence of acrylamide or its metabolite.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hassan I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: El-Sayyad
authors.forename: Saber A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sakr
authors.forename: Gamal M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Badawy
authors.forename: Hanaa S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Afify
mesh_terms: D020106:Acrylamide / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008297:Male; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D011247:Pregnancy; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology*; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000737:chemistry; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D010860:Pigments, Biological; D020543:Proteome; D020106:Acrylamide
keywords: Acrylamide; Albino rats; Development; Fried potato chips; Hazardous effect; Histology; Metabolite; Proteomic analysis; Retina; Ultrastructure