title: Preparation and characterization of curcumin-piperine dual drug loaded nanoparticles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prepare curcumin-piperine (Cu-Pi) nanoparticles by various methods and to study the effect of various manufacturing parameters on Cu-Pi nanoparticles and to identify a suitable method for the preparation of Cu-Pi nanoparticles to overcome oral bioavailability and cancer cell targeting limitations in the treatment of cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cu-Pi nanoparticles were prepared by thin film hydration method, solid dispersion method, emulsion polymerization method and Fessi method. Optimization was carried out to study the effect of various manufacturing parameter on the Cu-Pi nanoparticles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of four methods, Fessi method produced a minimum average particle size of 85.43 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.183 and zeta potential of 29.7 mV. Change of organic solvent (acetone or ethanol) did not have any significant effect on Cu-Pi nanoparticles. However, increase in sonication time, stirring speed, viscosity, use of 1:10:10 ratio of drug/polymer/surfactant, and use of anionic surfactant or combination of anionic surfactant with cationic polymer or combination of non-ionic surfactant with cationic polymer had a significant effect on Cu-Pi nanoparticles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cu-Pi nanoparticles coated with PEG containing copolymer produced by Fessi method had a minimum average particle size, excellent polydispersity index and optimal zeta potential which fall within the acceptable limits of the study. This dual nanoparticulate drug delivery system appears to be promising to overcome oral bioavailability and cancer cell targeting limitations in the treatment of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moorthi
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manavalan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kathiresan
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D052117:Benzodioxoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010880:Piperidines / Q000737:chemistry*; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D052117:Benzodioxoles; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010880:Piperidines; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D003474:Curcumin; C008922:piperine
keywords: Cancer treatment; Curcumin; Nanoparticles; Piperine; Polymeric nanoparticles