title: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder associated with immunosuppressive therapy for renal transplantation in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).
abstract: Human post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is an abnormal lymphoid proliferation that arises in 1-12% of transplant recipients as a consequence of prolonged immunosuppression and Epstein-Barr viral infection (EBV). Nonhuman primates, primarily rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), have been used extensively in research models of solid organ transplantation, as the nonhuman primate immune system closely resembles that of the human. Lymphocryptovirus of rhesus monkeys has been characterized and shown to be very similar to EBV in humans in regards to its cellular tropism, host immune response, and ability to stimulate B lymphocyte proliferation and lymphomagenesis. Thus, it appears that the NHP may be an appropriate animal model for EBV-associated lymphoma development in humans. The clinical management of post-transplant nonhuman primates that are receiving multiple immunosuppressive agents can be complicated by the risk of PTLD and other opportunistic infections. We report 3 cases of PTLD in rhesus macaques that illustrate this risk potential in the setting of potent immunosuppressive therapies for solid organ transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Emory Transplant Center, Emory University, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
authors.forename: Eugenia K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: Cynthia L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Courtney
authors.forename: Prachi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheeseman
authors.forename: Joe B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Strobert
authors.forename: Stuart J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Knechtle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000517:prevention & control; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
keywords: Epstein–Barr virus; Nonhuman primate; Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder; Renal transplantation