title: Comparison of 18F-FACBC and 11C-choline PET/CT in patients with radically treated prostate cancer and biochemical relapse: preliminary results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the rate of detection rate of recurrent prostate cancer by PET/CT using anti-3-(18)F-FACBC, a new synthetic amino acid, in comparison to that using (11)C-choline as part of an ongoing prospective single-centre study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Included in the study were 15 patients with biochemical relapse after initial radical treatment of prostate cancer. All the patients underwent anti-3-(18)F-FACBC PET/CT and (11)C-choline PET/CT within a 7-day period. The detection rates using the two compounds were determined and the target-to-background ratios (TBR) of each lesion are reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No adverse reactions to anti-3-(18)F-FACBC PET/CT were noted. On a patient basis, (11)C-choline PET/CT was positive in 3 patients and negative in 12 (detection rate 20%), and anti-3-(18)F-FACBC PET/CT was positive in 6 patients and negative in 9 (detection rate 40%). On a lesion basis, (11)C-choline detected 6 lesions (4 bone, 1 lymph node, 1 local relapse), and anti-3-(18)F-FACBC detected 11 lesions (5 bone, 5 lymph node, 1 local relapse). All (11)C-choline-positive lesions were also identified by anti-3-(18)F-FACBC PET/CT. The TBR of anti-3-(18)F-FACBC was greater than that of (11)C-choline in 8/11 lesions, as were image quality and contrast.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our preliminary results indicate that anti-3-(18)F-FACBC may be superior to (11)C-choline for the identification of disease recurrence in the setting of biochemical failure. Further studies are required to assess efficacy of anti-3-(18)F-FACBC in a larger series of prostate cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: OU Nuclear Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy. cnanni@aosp.bo.it
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nanni
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schiavina
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boschi
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ambrosini
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pettinato
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brunocilla
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martorana
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fanti
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D002794:Choline; D003503:Cyclobutanes; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D003503:Cyclobutanes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C117460:fluciclovine F-18; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D002794:Choline