title: Effect of yeast cell product supplementation on broiler cecal microflora species and immune responses during an experimental coccidial infection.
abstract: This experiment was conducted to study the effects of whole yeast (Pichia guilliermondii; CitriStim, ADM, Quincy, IL) cell product supplementation on cecal microflora population and intestinal immune parameters in broilers. In the first experiment, birds were fed 0, 0.1, or 0.2% yeast cell wall product for 42 d. Feeding yeast cell wall products decreased (P = 0.03) the proportion of Escherichia coli in the ceca by 31% compared with the control group. The group fed 0.2% yeast cell wall product had a 20% decrease (P = 0.23) in Salmonella population compared with the control group. In the second experiment, birds were fed yeast cell wall product for 21 d and challenged or not challenged with coccidial oocysts, thus resulting in a 2 (0 and 0.2% whole yeast product) × 2 (coccidial challenge and no coccidial challenge) factorial model. Supplementing whole yeast cell wall product prevented a coccidial infection-induced decrease in the Lactobacillus population (P = 0.09) at 12 d postchallenge. Supplementing yeast cell wall product prevented a coccidial infection-induced increase in the Salmonella population (P = 0.08) and E. coli (P = 0.12) at 12 d postchallenge. At 5 d (P < 0.01) and 12 d (P < 0.01) postcoccidial infection, yeast cell wall product supplementation or coccidial infection increased the regulatory T cell (Treg) percentage in the cecal tonsils, whereas yeast cell wall product supplementation in the coccidial-infected group decreased the increase in Treg percentage. At 5 d postcoccidial infection, coccidial infection increased (P = 0.01) the relative amounts of cecal interferon (IFN)γ mRNA. In addition, the yeast cell wall product supplementation in the coccidial-infected groups further increased (P = 0.15) the IFNγ mRNA. It could be concluded that yeast cell wall product supplementation decreased coccidial-infection-induced increase in E. coli and Salmonella colonization and improved IFNγ mRNA amounts after coccidial infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
authors.forename: Revathi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shanmugasundaram
authors.forename: Mamduh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sifri
authors.forename: Ramesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Selvaraj
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D003044:Coccidia / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D010843:Pichia / Q000378:metabolism*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D056692:Prebiotics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D056692:Prebiotics; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D007371:Interferon-gamma