title: A dataset on 145 chemicals tested in alternative assays for skin sensitization undergoing prevalidation.
abstract: Skin sensitization is a key endpoint for cosmetic ingredients, with a forthcoming ban for animal testing in Europe. Four alternative tests have so far been submitted to ECVAM prevalidation: (i) MUSST and (ii) h-Clat assess surface markers on dendritic cell lines, (iii) the direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA) measures reactivity with model peptides and (iv) the KeratinoSens(TM) assay which is based on detection of Nrf2-induced luciferase. It is anticipated that only an integrated testing strategy (ITS) based on a battery of tests might give a full replacement providing also a sensitization potency assessment, but this concept should be tested with a data-driven analysis. Here we report a database on 145 chemicals reporting the quantitative endpoints measured in a U937- test, the DPRA and KeratinoSens(TM) . It can serve to develop data-driven ITS approaches as we show in a parallel paper and provides a view as to the current ability to predict with in vitro tests as we are entering 2013. It may also serve as reference database when benchmarking new molecules with in vitro based read-across and find use as a reference database when evaluating new tests. The tests and combinations thereof were evaluated for predictivity, and overall a similar predictivity was found as before on three-fold smaller datasets. Analysis of the dose-response parameters of the individual tests indicates a correlation to sensitization potency. Detailed analysis of chemicals false-negative and false-positive in two tests helped to define limitations in the tests but also in the database derived from animal studies.
authors.affiliation: Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Natsch
authors.forename: Cindy A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Foertsch
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Emter
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaworska
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gerberick
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kern
mesh_terms: D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives / Q000379:methods*; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016208:Databases, Factual; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D051940:B7-2 Antigen; C497964:CD86 protein, human
keywords: CD86; DPRA; KeratinoSens™; U937; database; dendritic cells; direct peptide reactivity; integrated testing strategy; prevalidation; skin sensitization