title: Anti-bacterial activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of methanolic extracts of fourteen different edible vegetables from Bangladesh.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of fourteen different edible vegetables methanolic extract from Bangladesh.
  
  
  METHODS
  The antibacterial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion assay method against 12 bacteria (both gram positive and gram negative). The plant extracts were also screened for cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay method and the lethal concentrations (LC50) were determined at 95% confidence intervals by analyzing the data on a computer loaded with "Finney Programme".
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the vegetable extracts showed low to elevated levels of antibacterial activity against most of the tested strains (zone of inhibition=5-28 mm). The most active extract against all bacterial strains was from Xanthium indicum which showed remarkable antibacterial activity having the diameter of growth inhibition zone ranging from 12 to 28 mm followed by Alternanthera sessilis (zone of inhibition=6-21 mm). All extracts exhibited considerable general toxicity towards brine shrimps. The LC50 value of the tested extracts was within the range of 8.447 to 60.323 µg/mL with respect to the positive control (vincristine sulphate) which was 0.91 µg/mL. Among all studied extracts, Xanthium indicum displayed the highest cytotoxic effect with LC50 value of 8.447 µg/mL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present investigation suggest that most of the studied plants are potentially good source of antibacterial and anticancer agents.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: M Obayed
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Ullah
authors.forename: Mahmuda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haque
authors.forename: Kaniz Fatima
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Urmi
authors.forename: Abu Hasanat Md
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zulfiker
authors.forename: Elichea Synthi
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Anita
authors.forename: Momtaj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.forename: Kaiser
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001459:Bangladesh; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D013045:Species Specificity; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Antibacterial; Bangladeshi vegetables; Brine shrimp lethality; Disc diffusion