title: A randomized controlled trial of multicomponent exercise in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To examine the effect of multicomponent exercise program on memory function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and identify biomarkers associated with improvement of cognitive functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects were 100 older adults (mean age, 75 years) with MCI. The subjects were classified to an amnestic MCI group (n = 50) with neuroimaging measures, and other MCI group (n = 50) before the randomization. Subjects in each group were randomized to either a multicomponent exercise or an education control group using a ratio of 1∶1. The exercise group exercised for 90 min/d, 2 d/wk, 40 times for 6 months. The exercise program was conducted under multitask conditions to stimulate attention and memory. The control group attended two education classes. A repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that no group × time interactions on the cognitive tests and brain atrophy in MCI patients. A sub-analysis of amnestic MCI patients for group × time interactions revealed that the exercise group exhibited significantly better Mini-Mental State Examination (p = .04) and logical memory scores (p = .04), and reducing whole brain cortical atrophy (p<.05) compared to the control group. Low total cholesterol levels before the intervention were associated with an improvement of logical memory scores (p<.05), and a higher level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor was significantly related to improved ADAS-cog scores (p<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that an exercise intervention is beneficial for improving logical memory and maintaining general cognitive function and reducing whole brain cortical atrophy in older adults with amnestic MCI. Low total cholesterol and higher brain-derived neurotrophic factor may predict improvement of cognitive functions in older adults with MCI. Further studies are required to determine the positive effects of exercise on cognitive function in older adults with MCI.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  UMIN-CTR UMIN000003662 ctr.cgi&quest;function&hairsp;&equals;&hairsp;brows&action&hairsp;&equals;&hairsp;brows&type&hairsp;&equals;&hairsp;summary&recptno&hairsp;&equals;&hairsp;R000004436&language&hairsp;&equals;&hairsp;J.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan. suzutaka@ncgg.go.jp
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Hyuma
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makizako
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokata
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Washimi
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000647:Amnesia / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001284:Atrophy / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001288:Attention; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003071:Cognition; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D002784:Cholesterol