title: Recombinant influenza viruses as delivery vectors for hepatis B virus epitopes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neuraminidase (NA) of influenza virus contains stalk region that shows a great deal of variability in both amino acid sequence and length. In this paper, we investigated generation of recombinant influenza viruses that had hepatitis B virus (HBV) B cell epitopes in the NA stalk region as a dual vaccine candidate.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used the WSH-HK reassortant helper virus for rescue of recombinant influenza virus containing HBV epitopes and reverse genetic protocol based on the use of micrococcal nuclease-treated virus cores for reconstitution of ribonucleoproteins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We successfully generated a chimeric influenza viruses which contained 22 amino acid peptides in the stalk region derived from the surface and pre-surface protein HBV. The growth kinetics of the recombinant viruses was investigated after infection of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells and the rIV-BVPreS virus showed higher titer than other viruses in MDCK cells. We also confirmed the presence of HBV epitopes in the chimeric viruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using anti-HBV polyclonal antibody. When the ratio of recombinant virus verse wild type virus was calculated by ELISA, recombinant viruses exhibited 2 fold higher values than the wild type virus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that chimeric influenza virus which contained foreign antigens can be used as dual vaccine against both HBV and influenza viruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Medical Science, College of Nursing, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Kwang-Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Baik-Lin
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Seong
keywords: Chimeric virus; Dual vaccine; NA stalk