title: The skills and brain drain what nurses say.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore sub-Saharan African nurses' reasons for moving to the UK, their views on the skills and brain drain, and what can be done to stem the situation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The UK and other developed nations such as the USA, Canada and Australia have been recruiting internationally qualified nurses including those from sub-Saharan African, which has raised concerns of skills and brain drain from these countries that are known to suffer from nurse shortages.
  
  
  METHODS
  A purposeful sample of 30 nurses from sub-Saharan African was drawn from four National Health Service trusts in the north-east of England. Using focus group discussions and personal interviews, the study explored and examined nurses' views on their motivation to move to the developed countries and what can be done to reduce nurse migration from sub-Saharan African and give those countries a chance to develop their health systems by retaining their health personnel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five main themes emerged from data analysis: poor remuneration, lack of professional development in the home countries, poor health care and systems, language and education similarities and easy availability of jobs and visas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data indicate that migration motives for nurses are complex and inherent in historical links and in global values. Nurses stressed that they would like to stay in their own countries and help develop healthcare there, but reasons for moving were often strong and apparently not within their control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nurse migration from sub-Saharan African has often been cited as a limitation in providing effective healthcare in those countries. Delineating motivational factors for nurses could help to stem this migration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Hull, Hull, UK. g.likupe@hull.ac.uk
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Likupe
mesh_terms: D017954:Africa South of the Sahara / Q000208:ethnology; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000592:standards* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D013222:State Medicine; D006113:United Kingdom