title: Protein tyrosine phosphatase ζ enhances proliferation by increasing β-catenin nuclear expression in VHL-inactive human renal cell carcinoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the role of protein tyrosine phosphatase ζ (Ptprz1) in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells' proliferation and associations between Ptprz1 expression and von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) activation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A normal human renal cell line and four human RCC cell lines were used in this study. VHL or Ptprz1 expression in RCC cells was increased by transfection with a VHL or Ptprz1 vector. VHL or Ptprz1 expression was decreased in these cells by siRNA using Lipofectamine 2000. Cells' proliferative activity was assessed by WST-1 assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results suggested that Ptprz1 was a target of VHL, and a loss of VHL activation increased Ptprz1 expression in RCC cells. Ptprz1 enhanced β-catenin protein expressions in the nuclear fractions of RCC cells and participated in regulating proliferation by activating β-catenin and its downstream genes. In addition, a loss of VHL activity may enhance the proliferative activity of RCC cells by increasing Ptprz1 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ptprz1-enhanced RCC cells' proliferation depends on VHL inactivation, and the Ptprz1/β-catenin pathway may be a potential target for treating RCC with inactive VHL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
authors.forename: Donghao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Xiuhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Daye
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D054633:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D051176:beta Catenin; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein; D054633:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5