title: Retcam fluorescein gonioangiography: a new modality for early detection of angle neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of Retcam fluorescein gonioangiography in detecting neovascularization of the angle and correlate the same with gonioscopy in diabetic retinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fifty eyes of 150 patients (25 each of mild, moderate, severe, very severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR); and PDR with high-risk characteristics) were recruited. They underwent complete ocular examination including applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, Retcam fluorescein gonioangiography, and fundus fluorescein angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using Retcam fluorescein gonioangiography, of 150 eyes neovascularization of the angle was detected in 37 eyes (24.66%) compared with 22 eyes (14.66%) on gonioscopy (P = 0.04). Small newly formed vessels were evident only with Retcam fluorescein gonioangiography. In 10 of 50 patients (20%) with severe/very severe NPDR, angle neovascularization was appreciable on Retcam fluorescein angiography compared with 5 patients (10%) on gonioscopy. Similarly, 25 of 50 patients (50%) with PDR/PDR with high-risk characteristics had neovascularization of the angle on Retcam gonioangiography compared with 17 (34%) on gonioscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retcam fluorescein gonioangiography is a novel technique for early detection of angle neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy and hence preventing progression to neovascular glaucoma. The objective nature of this test helps in precise decision making compared with gonioscopy for early intervention especially in cases of pre-PDR.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rajvardhan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azad
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.forename: Ramanjit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sihota
authors.forename: Parijat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: Deepankur
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.forename: Siddarth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sain
authors.forename: Yograj
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000098:blood supply*; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000378:metabolism; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D015355:Glaucoma, Neovascular / Q000517:prevention & control; D006068:Gonioscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010781:Photography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D019793:Fluorescein