title: Carbon monoxide exposures and kitchen concentrations from cookstove-related woodsmoke in San Marcos, Peru.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nearly half of the world's population is exposed to household air pollution (HAP) due to long hours spent in close proximity to biomass-fueled fires.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We compare CO exposures and concentrations among study promoted intervention stove users and control stove users in San Marcos Province, Cajamarca region, Peru.
  
  
  METHODS
  Passive CO diffusion tubes were deployed over a 48-hour sampling period to measure kitchen CO concentrations and personal mother and child CO exposures in 197 control and 182 intervention households.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Geometric means (95% CI) for child, mother, and kitchen measurements were 1.1 (0.9-1.2), 1.4 (1.3-1.6), and 7.3 (6.4-8.3) ppm in control households, and 1.0 (0.9-1.1), 1.4 (1.3-1.6), and 7.3 (6.4-8.2) ppm among intervention households, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With no significant differences between control and intervention CO measurements, results suggest that intervention stove maintenance may be necessary for long-term reductions in CO exposures.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Science Department, Collge of Public Health, University of Georgia Athens, GA 3602-2102, USA.
authors.forename: Adwoa A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Commodore
authors.forename: Stella M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hartinger
authors.forename: Claudio F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Lanata
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mäusezahl
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Villalobos
authors.forename: Corey J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Luke P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Naeher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D003296:Cooking / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006794:Household Articles / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke; D002248:Carbon Monoxide