title: Experimental certification of random numbers via quantum contextuality.
abstract: The intrinsic unpredictability of measurements in quantum mechanics can be used to produce genuine randomness. Here, we demonstrate a random number generator where the randomness is certified by quantum contextuality in connection with the Kochen-Specker theorem. In particular, we generate random numbers from measurements on a single trapped ion with three internal levels, and certify the generated randomness by showing a bound on the minimum entropy through observation of violation of the Klyachko-Can-Binicioglu-Shumovsky (KCBS) inequality. Concerning the test of the KCBS inequality, we close the detection efficiency loophole for the first time and make it relatively immune to the compatibility loophole. In our experiment, we generate 1 × 10(5) random numbers that are guaranteed to have 5.2 × 10(4) bits of minimum entropy with a 99% confidence level.
authors.affiliation: Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Um
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Junhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yangchao
authors.forename: D-L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Lu-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Kihwan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim