title: Quantification of elutable substances from methacrylate based sealers and their cytotoxicity effect on with human gingival fibroblasts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have shown that resin composites may cause persistent inflammation of oral or pulpal tissues as well as cell death through eluted substances. The aim of this study was to investigate the leaching of ingredients from commercial dental fissure sealers as well as their cytotoxic effects on human gingival fibroblast (HGF).
  
  
  METHODS
  The sealers tested were: Helioseal(®) F, Helioseal(®) Refill, Fissurit(®) F, Grandio(®) Seal, Ultraseal XT(®) plus and Delton(®) FS. Ten discs of each sealer were respectively immersed in methanol or water and incubated at 37°C. The eluates were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry at day 1, 3 and 7. In the XTT-test, eight discs of each fissure sealer were immersed into medium. The eluates of the respective sealer were mixed and used undiluted and diluted with medium. HGF were incubated with the dilutions at 37°C for 24h. Then XTT-salt was added and the XTT-formazan formation was quantified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In eluates from polymerized sealers, comonomers (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA)) and additives were found (e.g. camphorquinone (CQ), butylated hydroxytoluene, triphenylstibane). 7 d after the beginning of the experiments the highest amount of TEGDMA was found in the aqueous eluate from Grandio(®) Seal (9944.31 (2250.56) μmol/l). The most cytotoxic eluate found in the XTT-test was from Fissurit(®) F (EC50 value at 27.13 (7.04)%; (mean(SD)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of the use of sealers in preventative dental medicine it should be taken into account that substances like TEGDMA or CQ, that are often causing allergic reactions, are elutable. Before using the sealers patients should be asked for allergic reactions to these substances.
authors.affiliation: Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furche
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hickel
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Reichl
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: van Landuyt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shehata
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Durner
mesh_terms: D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D002164:Camphor / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D002460:Cell Line; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D003470:Culture Media; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D005562:Formazans; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D003470:Culture Media; C407603:Fissurit F; D005562:Formazans; C509998:Grandio; D008689:Methacrylates; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D012997:Solvents; C106663:Ultra Seal XT; D014867:Water; C059908:Helioseal; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C059088:1,5-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-3-((phenylamino)carbonyl)formazan; D002164:Camphor; C553149:camphorquinone; D000432:Methanol