title: Cytotoxicity evaluation and hepatoprotective potential of bioassay guided fractions from Feronia Limmonia Linn leaf.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cytotoxicity and hepatoprotective potentials of extracts, fractions or isolated compound from the leaves of Feronia limonia (F. limonia).
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative phytochemical analysis of extracts, fractions or compound was performed by means of thin layer chromatography and spectroscopic assays. The % purity of compound was measured by analytical HPLC. Extracts, fractions or compound have been individually evaluated for their cytotoxicity effects (10, 20, 100, 250, 500, 750 and 1 000 µg/mL). Based on the inhibitory concentration (IC50) obtained from the cell viability assay, graded concentrations of extracts, fractions or isolated compound were assessed (10, 20, 50, 100, 200 µg/mL) for its hepatoprotective potential against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by monitoring activity levels of serum glutamatic pyruvatic transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicated that the methanol extract of F. limonia was non-toxic and hepatoprotective in nature as compared with the petroleum ether extract. The acetone fraction of methanolic extract also showed similar properties but the subsequent two fractions were cytotoxic. However, the pure compound isolated from the penultimate fraction of methanolic extract was non-toxic and hepatoprotective in nature. Biochemical investigations (SGOT, SGPT) further corroborated these cytological observations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded from this study that F. limonia methanol extract, some fractions and pure isolated compound herein exhibit hepatoprotective activity. However, cytotoxicity recorded in the penultimate fraction and investigation of structural details of pure compound warrants further study.
authors.affiliation: Herbal Drug Technology Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S. University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara-390001, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Mahendra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Rakhee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kapadia
authors.forename: Ravirajsinh N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jadeja
authors.forename: Menaka C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Thounaojam
authors.forename: Ranjitsinh V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Devkar
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mishra
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D027821:Rutaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D064209:Phytochemicals
keywords: Cytotoxicity; Feronia limonia leaf; HPLC; HepG2; Hepatoprotective; Hepatoprotective activity; Isolated compound; Phytochemical analysis; SGOT; SGPT; Spectroscopic assay; TLC