title: ADP-ribosylation, a mechanism regulating nitrogenase activity.
abstract: Nitrogen fixation is the vital biochemical process in which atmospheric molecular nitrogen is made available to the biosphere. The process is highly energetically costly and thus tightly regulated. The activity of the key enzyme, nitrogenase, is controlled by reversible mono-ADP-ribosylation of one of its components, the Fe protein. This protein provides the other component, the MoFe protein, with the electrons required for the reduction of molecular nitrogen. The Fe-protein is ADP-ribosylated and de-ADP-ribosylated by dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosyl transferase and dinitrogenase reductase activating glycohydrolase, respectively. Here we review the current biochemical and structural knowledge of this central regulatory reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. stefan@dbb.su.se
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nordlund
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Högbom
mesh_terms: D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009591:Nitrogenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D009591:Nitrogenase; D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases; C057637:dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosyltransferase; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; C036091:ADP-ribosyl-(dinitrogen reductase) hydrolase
keywords: DraG; DraT; Rhodospirillum rubrum; activity regulation; crystallography; manganese; metalloprotein; nitrogen fixation; nitrogenase; post-translational modification