title: Immunomodulaton and attenuation of lethal influenza A virus infection by oral administration with KIOM-C.
abstract: Herbal medicine is used to treat many conditions such as asthma, eczema, premenstrual syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, headaches, menopausal symptoms, chronic fatigue, irritable bowel syndrome, cancer, and viral infections such as influenza. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effect of KIOM-C for the treatment of influenza A virus infection. Our results show that oral administration of KIOM-C conferred a survival benefit to mice infected with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 [A(H1N1)pdm09] virus, and resulted in a 10- to 100-fold attenuation of viral replication in ferrets in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, oral administration of KIOM-C increased the production of antiviral cytokines, including IFN-γ and TNF-α, and decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and chemokines (KC, MCP-1) in the Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of A(H1N1)pdm-infected mice. These results indicate that KIOM-C can promote clearance of influenza virus in the respiratory tracts of mice and ferrets by modulating cytokine production in hosts. Taken together, our results suggest that KIOM-C is a potential therapeutic compound mixture for the treatment of influenza virus infection in humans.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaeshin-Dong Henugduk-Ku, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Ha
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Philippe Noriel Q
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Pascua
authors.forename: Min-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Yun Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Hyeok-Il
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Gyo-Jin
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Se Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Decano
authors.forename: Kwang Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Won-Kyung
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jin Yeul
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Young Ki
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D029969:Angelica / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005289:Ferrets / Q000821:virology; D006035:Glycyrrhiza / Q000737:chemistry; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056747:Immunomodulation; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D008168:Lung / Q000821:virology; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D051379:Mice; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D053139:Oseltamivir / Q000494:pharmacology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031364:Scutellaria baicalensis / Q000737:chemistry; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019562:Viral Load; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D053139:Oseltamivir