title: Intracellular reactive oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis of Schwann cells on carbon nanofibrous substrates.
abstract: Despite considerable research to develop carbon based materials for biomedical applications, the toxicity of carbon remains a major concern. In order to address this issue as well as to investigate the cell fate processes of neural cells from the perspective of neural tissue engineering applications, the in vitro cytocompatibility of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) derived continuous carbon nanofibers and PAN derived carbon thin films were investigated both quantitatively and qualitatively using in vitro biochemical assays followed by extensive flow cytometry analysis. The experimental results of Schwann cell fate, i.e. cell proliferation, cell metabolic activity and cell apoptosis on amorphous carbon substrates are discussed in reference to the time dependent evolution of intracellular oxidative stress. Apart from providing evidence that an electrospun carbon nanofibrous substrate can physically guide the cultured Schwann cells, this study suggested that continuous carbon nanofibers and amorphous carbon films are not cytotoxic in vitro and do not significantly induce apoptosis of Schwann cells, but in fact even facilitate their proliferation and growth.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India.
authors.forename: Shilpee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Bikramjit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Basu
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002244:Carbon / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000378:metabolism; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011419:Propidium / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013388:Succinimides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C087165:5-(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester; D000180:Acrylic Resins; D017304:Annexin A5; D005452:Fluoresceins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013388:Succinimides; C010504:polyacrylonitrile; D011419:Propidium; D002244:Carbon