title: Universal proteolysis and MS(n) for N- and O-glycan branching analysis.
abstract: The continually growing list of critical glycosylation-related processes has made analytical methodology for detailed glycan characterization an area of increasing interest. Glycosylation is a post translational modification of unsurpassed complexity due to the variety of compositions and linkages formed by these biopolymers. Structural characterization of glycan isomers has been achieved using ion trap mass spectrometry and MS(n) of released, permethylated glycans. However, N- and O-glycans require different sample preparation strategies; and release of the glycans may be hindered, result in degradation of the glycan, and/or produce limited yields of permethylated product. In the current report, we demonstrate universal proteolysis of both N- and O-linked glycoproteins to individual glycoamino acids. These samples were shown to be directly amenable to permethylation and MS(n) analysis for isomeric structural determination. Universal proteolysis and permethylation provides an identical sample preparation strategy for both classes of glycans that avoids potential pitfalls of commonly used release methods. This methodology should be applicable to all glycoproteins and serve as an alternative to glycan release for MS(n) branching analysis. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Analytical Chemistry Division, 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. john.schiel@nist.gov
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Schiel
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Karen W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Phinney
mesh_terms: D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000737:chemistry; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated / Q000737:chemistry; D008745:Methylation; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011402:Pronase / Q000378:metabolism; D059748:Proteolysis; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; C014055:methyl iodide; D011402:Pronase; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide