title: Antiglycation, antioxidant and toxicological potential of polyphenol extracts of alligator pepper, ginger and nutmeg from Nigeria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the antioxidant and antiglycation potential of polyphenols from three spices; alligator pepper, ginger and nutmeg.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polyphenol extracts of these spices were subjected to brine-shrimp lethality assay, phytotoxicity test, DPPH and superoxide anion radical scavenging as well as BSA-glucose antiglycation assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results obtained showed that polyphenol extract of ginger has the highest antioxidant potential with IC50 0.075 and 0.070 mg/mL for DPPH and superoxide anion radical scavenging assay while alligator pepper displayed highest antiglycation activity with IC50 0.125 mg/mL. However, nutmeg extract exhibited weakest cytotoxic and phytotoxic potential with LD50 4359.70 and 1490 µg/mL respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that the polyphenol extracts of alligator pepper, ginger and nutmeg displayed good antioxidant as well as antiglycation potential and are safe for consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria ; Department of Biochemistry, Lagos State University, PMB 0001, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria ; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kazeem
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Akanji
authors.forename: Rahman M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hafizur
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Choudhary
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002212:Capsicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006031:Glycosylation / Q000187:drug effects; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D026323:Myristica / Q000737:chemistry*; D010851:Picrates / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
keywords: Antioxidants; Free radicals; Glycation; Hyperglycemia; Polyphenols; Spices