title: No difference in phenotype of the main Dutch SDHD founder mutations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  SDHD mutations predispose carriers to hereditary paraganglioma syndrome. The objective of this study was to assess the genotype-phenotype correlation of a large Dutch cohort of SDHD mutation carriers and evaluate potential differences in clinical phenotypes due to specific SDHD gene mutations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, descriptive single-centre study.
  
  
  METHODS
  All consecutive SDHD mutation carriers followed at the Department of Endocrinology of the Leiden University Medical Center were included.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were investigated according to structured protocols used for standard care, including repetitive biochemical and radiological screening for paragangliomas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and one SDHD mutation carriers with a mean age at presentation of 42·6 ± 14·4 years and a mean follow-up of 5·8 ± 5·4 years were evaluated. Eighty-one percent carried the SDHD c.274G>T (p.Asp92Tyr) mutation and 13% the SDHD c.416T>C (p.Leu139Pro) mutation. No differences in clinical phenotype between these two specific SDHD mutations were found. Ninety-one percent developed one or multiple paragangliomas in the head and neck region (HNPGLs), of which the carotid body tumour was the most prevalent (85%). Eighteen carriers developed pheochromocytomas, fifteen sympathetic paragangliomas and nine carriers (4%) suffered from malignant paraganglioma. By end of follow-up, sixteen SDHD mutation carriers (8%) displayed no biochemical or radiological evidence of manifest disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two main Dutch SDHD founder mutations do not differ in clinical expression. SDHD mutations are associated with the development of multiple HNPGLs and predominantly benign disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: van Hulsteijn
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: den Dulk
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Hes
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bayley
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: E P M
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Corssmit
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D018703:Founder Effect; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009386:Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D009426:Netherlands; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C491545:SDHD protein, human; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase