title: Selection of antimalarial drug resistance after intermittent preventive treatment of infants and children (IPTi/c) in Senegal.
abstract: Our study investigated the possible impact of SP-IPT given to infants and children on the prevalence of SP-resistant haplotypes in the Plasmodium falciparum genes Pfdhfr and Pfdhps, comparing sites with and without IPTi/c. P. falciparum positive samples (N = 352) collected from children < 5 years were analyzed to determine the prevalence of SP resistance-related haplotypes by nested PCR followed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The prevalence of the Pfdhfr triple mutant haplotype (CIRN) increased in both groups, but only significantly in the IPTi/c group from 41% to 65% in 2011 (P = 0.005). Conversely, the Pfdhps 437G mutation decreased in both groups from 44.6% to 28.6% (P = 0.07) and from 66.7% to 47.5% (P = 0.02) between 2010 and 2011 in the control and the IPTi/c groups, respectively. A weak trend for decreasing prevalence of quadruple mutants (triple Pfdhfr + Pfdhps 437G) was noted in both groups (P = 0.15 and P = 0.34). During the two cross-sectional surveys some significant changes were observed in the SP resistance-related genes.
authors.forename: Magatte
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ndiaye
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tine
authors.forename: Babacar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Faye
authors.forename: Jean Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ndiaye
authors.forename: Ami Colle
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Khadime
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sylla
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abiola
authors.forename: Yémou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dieng
authors.forename: Daouda
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ndiaye
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hallett
authors.forename: Oumar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gaye
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alifrangis
mesh_terms: D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077332:Artesunate; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009154:Mutation; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012675:Senegal / Q000453:epidemiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013413:Sulfadoxine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D000077332:Artesunate; D013413:Sulfadoxine; D011739:Pyrimethamine