title: Chemical composition, antifungal and insecticidal activities of Hedychium essential oils.
abstract: The antimicrobial properties of essential oils have been documented, and their use as "biocides" is gaining popularity. The aims of this study were to analyze the chemical composition and assess the biological activities of Hedychium essential oils. Oils from 19 Hedychium species and cultivars were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. The antifungal and insecticidal activities of these oils were tested against Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, and C. gloeosporioides, and three insects, the azalea lace bug (Stephanitis pyrioides), the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti), and the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta). Hedychium oils were rich in monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, especially 1,8-cineole (0.1%-42%), linalool (<0.1%-56%), a-pinene (3%-17%), b-pinene (4%-31%), and (E)-nerolidol (0.1%-20%). Hedychium oils had no antifungal effect on C. gloeosporioides, C. fragariae, and C. acutatum, but most Hedychium oils effectively killed azalea lace bugs. The oils also show promise as an adult mosquito repellent, but they would make rather poor larvicides or adulticides for mosquito control. Hedychium oils acted either as a fire ant repellent or attractant, depending on plant genotype and oil concentration.
authors.affiliation: Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 810 Hwy 26 W, Poplarville, MS 39470, USA. hamidou.sakhanokho@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Hamidou F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Sakhanokho
authors.forename: Blair J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Sampson
authors.forename: Nurhayat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tabanca
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Wedge
authors.forename: Betul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.forename: Kemal Husnu Can
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Baser
authors.forename: Ulrich R
authors.initials: UR
authors.lastname: Bernier
authors.forename: Maia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsikolia
authors.forename: Natasha M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Agramonte
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Becnel
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kanniah
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rajasekaran
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Spiers
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D020231:Colletotrichum / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007313:Insecta / Q000187:drug effects; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D007306:Insecticides; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C018584:linalool; C037055:nerolidol