title: Characterization of feline ASCT1 and ASCT2 as RD-114 virus receptor.
abstract: RD-114 virus is a replication-competent feline endogenous retrovirus (ERV). RD-114 virus had been thought to be xenotropic; however, recent findings indicate that RD-114 virus is polytropic and can infect and grow efficiently in feline cells. Receptor(s) for RD-114 virus has not been identified and characterized in cats. In this study, we confirmed that two feline sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporters (ASCTs), fASCT1 and fASCT2, function as RD-114 virus receptors. By chimeric analyses of feline and murine ASCTs, we revealed that extracellular loop 2 of both fASCT1 and fASCT2 determines the susceptibility to RD-114 virus. Further, we revealed ubiquitous expression of these genes, consistent with the general metabolic role of the ASCT molecules. Our study indicates that RD-114 virus may reinfect tissues and cells in cats, once the virus is activated. Implications of the involvement of RD-114 virus in feline oncogenesis are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Sayumi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimode
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakaoka
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shogen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
mesh_terms: D026962:Amino Acid Transport System ASC / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000821:virology; D002415:Cats / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012192:Retroviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014775:Virus Activation
chemical_list: D026962:Amino Acid Transport System ASC; D011991:Receptors, Virus