title: Squamous cell carcinoma on top of urethral stricture: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urethral stricture is a common urological condition, resulting from trauma or venereal infections. The aim of our study was to report a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) of scrotal skin, on top of repeatedly managed urethral stricture which was of unknown aetiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Medline search of publications studying the association of urethral stricture with penile cancer was done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two case reports were identified that described two occurrences, which were separated by a few months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repeated management of urethral stricture with visual urethrotomy or urethral dilation may result in a chronic inflammatory status, predisposing to PEH and squamous cell carcinoma of the genital organs.
authors.affiliation: Urology department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Al Khartom Square, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed Fouad
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Kotb
authors.forename: Doaa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Attia
authors.forename: Asmaa Mohamed
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elabbady
keywords: penile cancer; pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia; urethral stricture