title: Forgotten ureteral stents: who's at risk?
abstract: The sequelae from forgotten stents carry significant morbidity and costs. In this study, we attempt to identify potential risk factors that may make patients less likely to follow up for stent removal so that more effective prevention efforts may be directed at these persons. A single-institution retrospective analysis of 187 consecutive patients who had stents placed between January 2010 and December 2010 was performed. Chart review was conducted to see if patients had undergone stent removal beyond the intended maximal stent life (MSL). Patients who were lost to follow-up were contacted to determine if stents were overdue. Logistic regression was performed to determine risk factors. Of the 187 patients who had stents placed, 147 had the stent removed before MSL and 28 had stents removed after the MSL. Twelve patients could not be contacted and were excluded from the analysis. Within our cohort of 175 patients, 48% were males, 73% were minorities (33% Latino, 30% Black, 8% Asian, and 2% Native American), 39% did not speak English, 79% were unemployed, 73% were uninsured, and 35% were married. Among the patients with forgotten stents, 68% were male, 64% were minorities (32% Latino, 29% Black, 4% Native American, and 0% Asian), 82% were unemployed, 39% did not speak English, 93% were uninsured, and 43% were married. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that uninsured patients (odds ratio [OR], 6.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-28.2; P value 0.01) and males (OR, 2.8; CI, 1.2-6.8; P=0.02) had statistically significant associations with forgotten stents. Men were 2.8 times more likely to have forgotten stents than females. Patients without health insurance were six times more likely to have forgotten stents than patients with insurance. As efforts are made to prevent forgotten stents, increased attention should be given to these higher-risk patient populations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cook County Hospital, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Naveen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Divakaruni
authors.forename: Cristina J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tek
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bjurlin
authors.forename: Mistry K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Gage
authors.forename: Jed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lombardo
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wille
authors.forename: Courtney M P
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hollowell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020878:Device Removal; D005260:Female; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007087:Illinois / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D015607:Stents; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000601:surgery*