title: Pharmacometabolomic approach to predict QT prolongation in guinea pigs.
abstract: Drug-induced torsades de pointes (TdP), a life-threatening arrhythmia associated with prolongation of the QT interval, has been a significant reason for withdrawal of several medicines from the market. Prolongation of the QT interval is considered as the best biomarker for predicting the torsadogenic risk of a new chemical entity. Because of the difficulty assessing the risk for TdP during drug development, we evaluated the metabolic phenotype for predicting QT prolongation induced by sparfloxacin, and elucidated the metabolic pathway related to the QT prolongation. We performed electrocardiography analysis and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy-based metabolic profiling of plasma samples obtained from 15 guinea pigs after administration of sparfloxacin at doses of 33.3, 100, and 300 mg/kg. Principal component analysis and partial least squares modelling were conducted to select the metabolites that substantially contributed to the prediction of QT prolongation. QTc increased significantly with increasing dose (r = 0.93). From the PLS analysis, the key metabolites that showed the highest variable importance in the projection values (>1.5) were selected, identified, and used to determine the metabolic network. In particular, cytidine-5'-diphosphate (CDP), deoxycorticosterone, L-aspartic acid and stearic acid were found to be final metabolomic phenotypes for the prediction of QT prolongation. Metabolomic phenotypes for predicting drug-induced QT prolongation of sparfloxacin were developed and can be applied to cardiac toxicity screening of other drugs. In addition, this integrative pharmacometabolomic approach would serve as a good tool for predicting pharmacodynamic or toxicological effects caused by changes in dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, and BK21 program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeonghyeon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Keumhan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.forename: Hae Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mi-sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Sook Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.forename: Jeong Ju
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Eun-Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Wonku
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Young-Ran
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D013015:Sotalol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016171:Torsades de Pointes / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D013015:Sotalol; C061363:sparfloxacin