title: [The biological functions of lysine methyltransferase PR-SET7].
abstract: PR-SET7 (also named SET8 or KMT5a) is a sole lysine methyltransferase that catalyzes monomethylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20me1) in higher eukaryotes. The abundance of PR-SET7 is dynamically mediated by the distinct E3 ubiquitin ligases in different cell cycle phases. PR-SET7 is closely related to the regulation of cell proliferation, and the H4K20me1 catalyzed by PR-SET7 has been implicated in regulating the diverse biological processes, including DNA replication, chromosome condensation and the activation of DNA replication checkpoints. Loss of PR-SET7 results in mas-sive DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. In addition, PR-SET7 involves in regulating the transcrip-tion of several genes, such as ERa, Wnt and p53. PR-SET7 is also essential for individual development and participates in the formation of genomic imprinting. Moreover, PR-SET7 has been reported to promote tumorigenesis and metastasis, sug-gesting that PR-SET7 may be a potential target for cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on analyzing the structure of PR-SET7 and factors influencing histone modification on regulation of PR-SET7, and discuss the mechanisms by which PR-SET7 modulates cell-cycle progression, gene transcription, individual development and tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China E-mail: ywjsunshine@126.com.
authors.forename: Xin-Quan
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Yi-Peng
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Dong-Lai
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; C470730:KMT5A protein, human