title: Characterization of the spectrum of hemodynamic profiles in trauma patients with acute neurogenic shock.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neurogenic shock considered a distributive type of shock secondary to loss of sympathetic outflow to the peripheral vasculature. In this study, we examine the hemodynamic profiles of a series of trauma patients with a diagnosis of neurogenic shock.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hemodynamic data were collected on a series of trauma patients determined to have spinal cord injuries with neurogenic shock. A well-established integrated computer model of human physiology was used to analyze and categorize the hemodynamic profiles from a system analysis perspective. A differentiation between these categories was presented as the percent of total patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 9 patients with traumatic neurogenic shock, the etiology of shock was decrease in peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) in 3 (33%; 95% confidence interval, 12%-65%), loss of vascular capacitance in 2 (22%; 6%-55%) and mixed peripheral resistance and capacitance responsible in 3 (33%; 12%-65%), and purely cardiac in 1 (11%; 3%-48%). The markers of sympathetic outflow had no correlation to any of the elements in the patients' hemodynamic profiles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from this study suggest that hypotension of neurogenic shock can have multiple mechanistic etiologies and represents a spectrum of hemodynamic profiles. This understanding is important for the treatment decisions in managing these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA. rsummers@umc.edu
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Summers
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sterling
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Alan E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012769:Shock / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Hemodynamics; Neurogenic; Profile; Shock; Spinal injury; Trauma