title: Neuroanatomic pathways associated with poststroke affective and apathetic depression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to localize lesions in poststroke depression patients using magnetic resonance imaging, based on the statistical parametric maps image analysis technique that can be used to combine image data from multiple participants and correlate these images with other data sets.
  
  
  METHODS
  Magnetic resonance imaging acquisitions were obtained from 149 poststroke patients, who were assessed for affective and apathetic symptoms using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Apathy Scale, respectively. We created a statistical parametric map that displayed an association between lesion location and affective and apathetic symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the patients with higher depressive scores, the lesion overlap centered on the brainstem, left basal ganglia, and left frontal cortex. Among the patients with higher apathy scores, the lesion overlap centered on the brainstem and bilateral striatum. The overlap lesion for both affective and apathetic depression centered mainly on the brainstem; however, the two types of depression often did not overlap.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two core symptoms that can occur after stroke, affective and apathetic symptoms, appear to be associated with different monoaminergic neuroanatomic pathways (serotonergic and dopaminergic).
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Hiroshima University, Japan.
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hama
authors.forename: Hidehisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Onoda
authors.forename: Masuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: Shigeto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamawaki
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurisu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D057565:Apathy; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000473:pathology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Apathy; depression; magnetic resonance imaging; monoamine pathway; statistical parametric map; stroke