title: Association between umbilical cord leptin and weight gain according to feeding type in the early postnatal period, a brief report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Weight gain in infancy depends on in utero nutritional status, with postnatal growth also dependent on feeding practices, culture, food accessibility and parents' education.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between umbilical cord blood leptin levels and feeding mode (breast-fed vs. formula) on weight gain at three months of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-nine full-term newborns (male, n = 48; female, n = 51) were included in two groups according to feeding type: breast-fed (n = 49) and formula-fed (n = 50). Leptin was measured in blood obtained from the umbilical cord vein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Umbilical cord leptin levels and weight gain at three months had a significant inverse correlation in formula-fed infants (r = -0.294, P = 0.038). This finding was not reflected in breast-fed infants (r = -0.212, P = 0.144).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our Mexican breastfeeding cohort, umbilical cord leptin levels were a significant predictor of weight gain in formula-fed infants.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL. cotrevin@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Treviño-Garza
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mancillas-Adame
authors.forename: Jesús Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Villarreal-Pérez
authors.forename: Manuel E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: De la O-Cavazos
authors.forename: Cynthia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Estrada-Zúñiga
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Bosques-Padilla
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Argente
mesh_terms: D001942:Breast Feeding; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology; D007225:Infant Food; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin