title: Platelet-rich fibrin promotes periodontal regeneration and enhances alveolar bone augmentation.
abstract: In the present study we have determined the suitability of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a complex scaffold for periodontal tissue regeneration. Replacing PRF with its major component fibrin increased mineralization in alveolar bone progenitors when compared to periodontal progenitors, suggesting that fibrin played a substantial role in PRF-induced osteogenic lineage differentiation. Moreover, there was a 3.6-fold increase in the early osteoblast transcription factor RUNX2 and a 3.1-fold reduction of the mineralization inhibitor MGP as a result of PRF application in alveolar bone progenitors, a trend not observed in periodontal progenitors. Subcutaneous implantation studies revealed that PRF readily integrated with surrounding tissues and was partially replaced with collagen fibers 2 weeks after implantation. Finally, clinical pilot studies in human patients documented an approximately 5 mm elevation of alveolar bone height in tandem with oral mucosal wound healing. Together, these studies suggest that PRF enhances osteogenic lineage differentiation of alveolar bone progenitors more than of periodontal progenitors by augmenting osteoblast differentiation, RUNX2 expression, and mineralized nodule formation via its principal component fibrin. They also document that PRF functions as a complex regenerative scaffold promoting both tissue-specific alveolar bone augmentation and surrounding periodontal soft tissue regeneration via progenitor-specific mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: UIC Brodie Laboratory for Craniofacial Genetics, 801 South Paulina, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Smit J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Dangaria
authors.forename: Gokul
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gopinathan
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kolokythas
authors.forename: Shunli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Yanmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xianghong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002648:Child; D005337:Fibrin / Q000378:metabolism*; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005337:Fibrin