title: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome one year after delivery in Finnish women at increased risk for gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk for metabolic syndrome (MeS) after delivery. We studied the prevalence of MeS at one year postpartum among Finnish women who in early pregnancy were at increased risk of developing GDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  This follow-up study is a part of a GDM prevention trial. At one year postpartum, 150 women (mean age 33.1 years, BMI 27.2 kg/m(2)) were evaluated for MeS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MeS was 18% according tothe International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and 16% according toNational Cholestrol Education Program (NCEP) criteria. Of MeS components, 74% of participants had an increased waist circumference (≥80 cm). Twenty-seven percent had elevated fasting plasma glucose (≥5.6 mmol/L), and 29% had reduced HDL cholesterol (≤1.3 mmol/L). The odds ratio for the occurrence of MeS at one year postpartum was 3.0 (95% CI 1.0-9.2) in those who were overweight before pregnancy compared to normal weight women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nearly one-fifth of the women with an increased risk of GDM in early pregnancy fulfilled the criteria of MeS at one year postpartum. The most important factor associated with MeS was prepregnancy overweight. Weight management before and during pregnancy is important for preventing MeS after delivery.
authors.affiliation: UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland. jatta.puhkala@uta.fi
authors.forename: Jatta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Puhkala
authors.forename: Tarja I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Kinnunen
authors.forename: Tommi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vasankari
authors.forename: Katriina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kukkonen-Harjula
authors.forename: Jani
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raitanen
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL