title: The impact of human-computer interaction-based comprehensive training on the cognitive functions of cognitive impairment elderly individuals in a nursing home.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Given the increasing prevalence of dementia, any intervention that can effectively slow the deterioration of cognitive function is of great importance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the efficacy of a human-computer interaction-based comprehensive cognitive training program in cognitively impaired elderly individuals living in a nursing home.
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects, who were aged ≥70 years and had cognitive impairment, were randomly allocated to an intervention group (n = 19) or a control group (n = 14). The intervention group received human-computer interaction-based comprehensive cognitive training for 24 weeks. Neuropsychological examinations were conducted before and after this period. The intervention group was subdivided into two groups according to the scores of global cortical atrophy (GCA) to evaluate the impact of training effectiveness on GCA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 24 weeks, neither group showed a significant change compared with baseline cognitive examinations. However, there was a tendency for greater improvement in memory, language, and visuospatial abilities for the intervention group as compared with controls. Patients with mild cognitive impairment showed improvements in language and visuospatial capacity, while patients with dementia showed improvements in attention/orientation, memory, language, and fluency. However, none of these findings were statistically significant. The results for the intervention subgroups showed that visuospatial ability improvement was significantly greater among those with a global cortical atrophy score of ≤15 (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human-computer interaction-based comprehensive training may improve cognitive functions among cognitively impaired elderly individuals. The training effect was most prominent among those with milder cerebral atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Peng
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Xu-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Li-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qing-Ke
authors.initials: QK
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Hui-Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Zhen-Guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Sheng-Di
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D001288:Attention; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D032882:Comprehension / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009735:Nursing Homes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013028:Space Perception; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D014705:Verbal Behavior