title: Using telemetry to automate the detection of emesis in the ferret: new vistas for delayed emesis assessment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nausea and vomiting are common side effects of cancer chemotherapy. The ferret is a highly appropriate animal species to evaluate both early and delayed emetic events occurring hours and days after administration, respectively. If early emesis can be easily investigated in ferrets by direct observation, alternative methods are required to quantify delayed emesis. This study was designed to validate a new method of automated detection of abdominal pressure changes related to retches or vomits induced by a cytotoxic substance in the ferret.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five ferrets implanted with telemetry devices (Data Sciences International) were challenged with cisplatin (8 mg/kg, i.p.) and abdominal pressure was recorded in unrestrained animals for 72 h. The pressure signals were analyzed both manually and automatically using an adapted version of ecgAUTO software (Emka Technologies). Over the first 3 h, the emetic response was also quantified via direct observation of the animals. The data produced by the 3 methods of detection were compared using a Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Visual, manual and automated detections of early emetic events over the first 3-hour recording period were well correlated when compared per 30-, 15- or 5-minute epoch: correlation coefficients ranging from 0.8640 to 0.9289, p<0.0001 for all comparisons. Manual and automated detections of early and delayed emetic events over the 72-hour recording period were also well correlated when compared per 3-hour epoch: correlation coefficient=0.9190, p<0.0001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that automated detection of abdominal pressure changes with adapted software is a reliable method for measuring emetic events in the ferret. The results obtained open major possibilities for the rapid, comprehensive and objective analysis of delayed emesis. They should thereby facilitate the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents and anti-emetic therapies.
authors.affiliation: Porsolt S.A.S., Z.A. de Glatigné, 53940 Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France. sgoineau-brissieux@porsolt.com
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goineau
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rompion
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guillaume
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barrais
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castagné
mesh_terms: D034841:Abdominal Cavity; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001331:Automation; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005289:Ferrets; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D011312:Pressure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013686:Telemetry / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: Automated detection; Chemotherapy; Cisplatin; Emesis; Ferret; Telemetry