title: [Angiographic findings and interventional therapy for post-pancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss the angiographic findings and the safety and efficacy of interventional therapy for post-pancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data, features of angiography, interventional treatment technology and prognosis of 29 patients underwent post-pancreaticoduodenectomy bleeding between August 2009 and June 2012 were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all 29 patients, 6 cases underwent gastrointestinal bleeding, 21 cases of abdominal bleeding, 2 cases had abdominal cavity and gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhage occurred 8 h - 72 d after surgery. Angiographic findings including: extravasation of contrast media, and pseudo aneurysm formation, local arterial intima not smooth, stenosis, distal artery branch expansion. The success rate of interventional techniques was 93.94%, hemostatic rate was 90%. 3 cases died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The embolization therapy is a safe and effective technique, should be as the first-line diagnostic and treatment choice for patients with post-pancreaticoduodenectomy bleeding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hai-feng
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jian-hai
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies