title: Evaluation of antimicrobial activity and bronchodialator effect of a polyherbal drug-Shrishadi.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate antimicrobial and bronchodialator effect of hydroalcholic extract of polyherbal drug Shirishadi containing Shirisha (Albezzia lebbeck), Nagarmotha (Cyprus rotandus) & Kantakari (Solanum xanthocarpum).
  
  
  METHODS
  Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method and MIC, MBC, MFC were calculated by micro dilution method. Hydroalcholic extract of this preparation was investigated for its phytochemical analysis, phenol and flavonoid were determined by spectrophotometric method and in vivo bronchodilator effect was analysed by convulsion time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The phytochemical tests revealed presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The antimicrobial result showed the MIC of 6.25 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and 12.5 mg/mL for Escherichia coli and 12.5 mg/mL against remaining bacteria tested, with strong antifungal activity. The maximum inhibition zone is found against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC 16 mg/mL. Drug showed significant bronchodilator effect with 27.86% & 36.13% increase in preconvulsion time of guinea pigs pretreated with 100 & 200 mg/kg body weight of extract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study reveals that the extracts possess antibacterial activity and antifungal activity in a dose dependent manner. This antimicrobial property may be due to presence of several saponins, further studies are highly needed for the drug development.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Aurveda, Department of Kayachikitsa, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 221005 (Uttar pradesh), India.
authors.forename: Divya Kumari
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kajaria
authors.forename: Mayank
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gangwar
authors.forename: Dharmendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar Sharma
authors.forename: Ragini
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tilak
authors.forename: Gopal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nath
authors.forename: Yamini Bhusan
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
mesh_terms: D031289:Albizzia / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001986:Bronchial Spasm; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032322:Solanum / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Bronchodilator; Candida species; Phenolic & flavonoid content; Phytochemical; Shrishadi-polyherbal drug