title: Transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy using conventional instruments: the single working channel technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and cosmetic results of a novel technique, transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (TSILA), using a single working channel with conventional instruments.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study enrolled 84 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis. To test the advantages of TSILA on the management of patients with acute appendicitis, a prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted. Surgical outcomes such as operation time, complication, and hospital stay of 42 patients undergoing TSILA were analyzed and compared with those of 42 patients undergoing classic 3-port appendectomy. All patients received a follow-up visit for 3 to 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study consisted of 42 patients undergoing TSILA and 42 patients undergoing classic 3-port laparoscopic appendectomy with an average age of 34.1 and 34.9 years, respectively. The mean operative time of TSILA did not show any difference when compared with the classic procedure (84.8 vs. 77.9 min, P=0.271). No operative complications occurred in patients undergoing TSILA, whereas 2 patients undergoing the classic procedure showed incisional infection. The average postoperative hospital stay was 2.7 days in the TSILA group and 2.9 days in the classic procedure group with no difference (P=0.316). At the follow-up visit, no patient showed any evidence of incisional hernia. The transumbilical incisions were visible minimally, and the cosmetic scores given by patients undergoing TSILA was higher than that given by patients undergoing the classic procedure (4.5 vs. 3.9, P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the study demonstrate that laparoscopic appendectomy can be achieved through a single umbilical incision and a single working channel using conventional instruments and that this approach is successful, safe, economic, and esthetic.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Xiao-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jia-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhen-Ling
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001062:Appendectomy / Q000379:methods*; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020706:Laparoscopes; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014472:Umbilicus / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult