title: Ultrastructural patterns of the activated cell death programs in the human brain.
abstract: The authors analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) neurosurgical samples obtained from patients with cerebral tumors, neurotrauma, cerebral ischemia, Moyamoya disease, encephalitis, etc. Their observations concern a variety of dying cell types by different programmed death pathways, including apoptosis, paraptosis, autophagy, autoschizis, programmed necrosis, as well as combined and coexisting forms. This ample work pointed out not only the role of TEM in cell death diagnosis, but the biological differences in cell behavior and beneficial or detrimental effects of suicides for homeostasis, survival, or normal functioning of a tissue, like the integrated vascular tissue and brain parenchyma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, Bucharest, Romania. viorelpais@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Viorel
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pais
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Danaila
authors.forename: Emil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pais
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002648:Child; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000473:pathology; D009336:Necrosis / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult