title: Comparison of sevelamer and calcium carbonate on endothelial function and inflammation in patients on peritoneal dialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hyperphosphataemia is a known independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. The objective of the study was to compare the effects of two phosphate binders, sevelamer carbonate and calcium carbonate on endothelial function (EF) and inflammation in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen subjects with hyperphosphataemia discontinued all phosphate binders to undergo a two-week washout and were assigned to sevelamer carbonate or calcium carbonate treatments for eight weeks. After a second two-week washout period, subjects crossed over to either of the alternate treatments for another eight weeks. At the beginning and end of each treatment, biomarkers of EF, pro-inflammatory cytokines, serum albumin, calcium, phosphate and lipids were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sevelamer carbonate significantly improved lipid profile compared with calcium carbonate. Amongst the EF and pro-inflammatory biomarkers, sevelamer carbonate decreased serum endothelin-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6. Both phosphate binders were effective in decreasing serum phosphate but sevelamer had a positive effect on EF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with sevelamer carbonate has beneficial effects compared with calcium carbonate in decreasing inflammation and improving EF in patients with T2DM on PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, USA.
authors.forename: Sudha P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Chennasamudram
authors.forename: Tanjila
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noor
authors.forename: Tetyana L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Vasylyeva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054559:Hyperphosphatemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D011073:Polyamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012709:Serum Albumin; D000069603:Sevelamer; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002614:Chelating Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D008055:Lipids; D010710:Phosphates; D011073:Polyamines; D012709:Serum Albumin; D000069603:Sevelamer; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D002118:Calcium