title: Aldose reductase inhibitory activity of compounds from Zea mays L.
abstract: Aldose reductase (AR) inhibitors have a considerable therapeutic potential against diabetes complications and do not increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Through bioassay-guided fractionation of an EtOH extract of the kernel from purple corn (Zea mays L.), 7 nonanthocyanin phenolic compounds (compound 1-7) and 5 anthocyanins (compound 8-12) were isolated. These compounds were investigated by rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibitory assays. Kinetic analyses of recombinant human aldose reductase (rhAR) were performed, and intracellular galactitol levels were measured. Hirsutrin, one of 12 isolated compounds, showed the most potent RLAR inhibitory activity (IC(50), 4.78 μ M). In the kinetic analyses using Lineweaver-Burk plots of 1/velocity and 1/substrate concentration, hirsutrin showed competitive inhibition against rhAR. Furthermore, hirsutrin inhibited galactitol formation in rat lens and erythrocytes sample incubated with a high concentration of galactose; this finding indicates that hirsutrin may effectively prevent osmotic stress in hyperglycemia. Therefore, hirsutrin derived from Zea mays L. may be a potential therapeutic agent against diabetes complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hyeon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Kyu
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jae-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Il Jun
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Soon Sung
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D004376:Galactitol / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007700:Kinetics; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D004376:Galactitol; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase