title: Screening of nanoparticle embryotoxicity using embryonic stem cells.
abstract: Due to the increasing use of engineered nanoparticles in many consumer products, rapid and economic tests for evaluating possible adverse effects on human health are urgently needed. In the present chapter the use of mouse embryonic stem cells as a valuable tool to in vitro screen nanoparticle toxicity on embryonic tissues is described. This in vitro method is a modification of the embryonic stem cell test, which has been widely used to screen soluble chemical compounds for their embryotoxic potential. The test offers an alternative to animal experimentation, reducing experimental costs and ethical issues.
authors.affiliation: Biomechanics and Technology Innovation, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Campagnolo
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fenoglio
authors.forename: Micol
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Massimiani
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magrini
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pietroiusti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*