title: Detection of airflow limitation using the 11-Q and pulmonary function tests.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) screening that combines screening with questionnaires and pulmonary function testing is a useful method for the early detection of COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3,367 subjects over 50 years of age underwent COPD screening. Two thousand five hundred and seventy-two of these subjects underwent "Ningen Dock" (a Japanese-English term for annual health checkup) examinations, regularly-scheduled checkups or screenings in outpatient clinics. Of these subjects, 795 lived in one city and one town in Nagasaki Prefecture and exhibited a score of at least 5 points on the Eleven-item pre-interview questionnaire (11-Q). The prevalence of airflow limitation in each type of examination was calculated for each gender, and the odds ratios of airflow limitation with each type of examination were obtained using the subjects who underwent "Ningen Dock" examinations as the reference group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The COPD prevalence was 6.5% in the "Ningen Dock" group (7.9% men, 1.8% women), 5.8% in the regularly-scheduled checkup group (7.4% men, 4.1% women), 9.8% in the screening in outpatient clinics group (12.1% men, 7.2% women) and 22.3% in the COPD screening group (31.1% men, 8.1% women), with the COPD screening group showing the highest prevalence. The odds ratios of the COPD prevalence confirmed that COPD screening is more effective for identifying airflow limitation than other types of examinations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conducting COPD screening with questionnaires and pulmonary function testing among the general population is a useful examination method for the early detection and treatment of COPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oike
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Senjyu
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Higa
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kozu
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tabusadani
authors.forename: Sumihisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards