title: Intramammary infusion of Panax ginseng extract in the bovine mammary gland at cessation of milking modifies components of the insulin-like growth factor system during involution.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single intramammary infusion of Panax ginseng extract (GS) on insulin-like growth factors (IGF) in bovine mammary gland during early involution. Eight mammary quarters from six nonpregnant cows in late lactation were infused with 10 mL of ginseng extract solution (3 mg/mL), six quarters were treated with 10 mL of placebo (vehicle alone) and six quarters were maintained as uninoculated controls. Milking was interrupted after infusion. Concentrations of IGF1 in mammary secretions were higher in GS-treated quarters than in placebo and uninoculated control quarters at 24, 48 and 72 h post-treatment (p<0.05). Treatment with GS did not affect mammary secretion of IGF2 (p=0.942). At 7 d of post-lactational involution, a decrease of immunostained area and mRNA expression for IGF1 was observed in mammary tissue of GS-treated quarters compared with placebo-treated quarters and uninoculated controls (p<0.05). The IGF2 immunostained area and mRNA expression for this growth factor were not affected by GS treatment (p=0.216 and p=0.785, respectively). An increase in protein levels and mRNA expression in mammary tissue of IGFBP3, IGFBP4 and IGFBP5 was observed in GS-treated quarters compared with placebo-treated quarters and uninoculated controls (p<0.05). These results provide evidence that intramammary inoculation of GS extract at cessation of milking may promote early mammary involution through the inhibition of IGF1 local production and bioavailability.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Rvdo. Padre Kreder 2805, (3080) Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina. bdallard@fcv.unl.edu.ar
authors.forename: Bibiana E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Dallard
authors.forename: Silvina A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pujato
authors.forename: Celina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baravalle
authors.forename: Elizabet A L
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Pereyra
authors.forename: Florencia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: María S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Renna
authors.forename: Luis F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Calvinho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D018974:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D018975:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D005894:Panax; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D018974:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4; D018975:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013002:Somatomedins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II