title: Sealing properties of three luting agents used for complete cast crowns: a bacterial leakage study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the sealing properties of three different luting materials used for cementation of full cast crowns on extracted human premolars.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty noncarious human premolars were prepared in a standardized fashion for full cast crown restorations. All margins were placed in dentin. After impressions of the preparations, stone dies were fabricated on which copings were waxed, which were cast in type III alloy using standardized laboratory methods. Teeth were randomly assigned to three groups of 10 samples each (n=10), for which the following cements were used: 1) a resin-modified glass ionomer cement, Rely X Luting Plus (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA); 2) a self-adhesive resin cement, Maxcem Elite (Kerr Corporation, Orange, CA, USA); and 3) a glass ionomer cement, Ketac Cem (3M ESPE), the latter used as control. After cementation the samples were allowed to bench-set for 10 minutes, stored in water at 37°C, subjected to thermal cycling (2000×, between 5°C and 55°C, dwell time 35 seconds), and then stored in sterile phosphate buffer for seven days at 37°C. Subsequently, the occlusal surface was carefully reduced until the dentin was exposed. Finishing on wet sand paper removed the gold flash caused by grinding. After sterilization, the specimens were subjected to bacterial microleakage in a dual chamber apparatus for 60 days. Bacterial leakage was checked daily. Data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier survival test. Significant pairwise differences were analyzed using the log-rank test followed by Fisher exact test at a p<0.05 level of significance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rely X Luting Plus showed the lowest microleakage scores, which statistically differed significantly from Maxcem Elite and Ketac Cem (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rely X Luting Plus cement displayed significantly lower microleakage scores than a self-adhesive resin-based and conventional glass ionomer cement.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zmener
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Pameijer
authors.forename: S M H
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rincon
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chaves
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid; D002484:Cementation / Q000379:methods; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003442:Crowns / Q000382:microbiology*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003775:Dental Polishing / Q000379:methods; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C515955:Maxcem; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D019279:Resin Cements; C084550:Vitremer; D008277:Magnesium Oxide; C040235:Ketac-cem; D015034:Zinc Oxide