title: Externally controlled on-demand release of anti-HIV drug using magneto-electric nanoparticles as carriers.
abstract: Although highly active anti-retroviral therapy has resulted in remarkable decline in the morbidity and mortality in AIDS patients, inadequately low delivery of anti-retroviral drugs across the blood-brain barrier results in virus persistence. The capability of high-efficacy-targeted drug delivery and on-demand release remains a formidable task. Here we report an in vitro study to demonstrate the on-demand release of azidothymidine 5'-triphosphate, an anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug, from 30 nm CoFe2O4@BaTiO3 magneto-electric nanoparticles by applying a low alternating current magnetic field. Magneto-electric nanoparticles as field-controlled drug carriers offer a unique capability of field-triggered release after crossing the blood-brain barrier. Owing to the intrinsic magnetoelectricity, these nanoparticles can couple external magnetic fields with the electric forces in drug-carrier bonds to enable remotely controlled delivery without exploiting heat. Functional and structural integrity of the drug after the release was confirmed in in vitro experiments with human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells and through atomic force microscopy, spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared and mass spectrometry studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, USA.
authors.forename: Madhavan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guduru
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Jeongmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Vidya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sagar
authors.forename: Sakhrat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khizroev
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004560:Electricity; D006801:Humans; D008280:Magnetics; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053758:Nanoparticles; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers