title: Effect of three different contamination removal methods on bond strength of a self-etching adhesive to dentin contaminated with an aluminum chloride hemostatic agent.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the effect of three different contamination removal methods on bond strength of one-step self-etching adhesive to dentin contaminated with an aluminum chloride hemostatic agent.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred noncarious adult molars were used in this study; 2-mm-thick dentin disks were prepared and randomly assigned to 5 groups (n = 20). Group I: control; group II: hemostatic agent-contaminated; group III: hemostatic agent-contaminated and rinsing with water; group IV: hemostatic agent-contaminated and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) application; and group V: hemostatic agent-contaminated and phosphoric acid application. Clearfil S3 Bond was used to bond composite to dentin surfaces. Subsequent to adding composite cylinders the shear bond strength test was performed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Two additional specimens from each group were prepared and evaluated under scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were statistically significant differences in bond strength among the groups (p < 0.001). In two-by-two comparisons statistically significant differences were observed in bond strength values between all the groups (p < 0.001) except for groups I and IV (p = 0.933).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aluminum chloride hemostatic agent adversely affected the bond strength of self-etch adhesive to dentin. However, application of EDTA increased the bond strength to the level of normal dentin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EDTA and phosphoric acid removed aluminum chloride hemostatic agent contamination of dentin surfaces. However, unlike EDTA phosphoric acid failed to increase the bond strength of self-etch adhesive to dentin to the level of the control group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir Ahmad
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ajami
authors.forename: Mehdi Abed
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kahnamoii
authors.forename: Soodabeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimyai
authors.forename: Siavash Savadi
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Oskoee
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pournaghi-Azar
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bahari
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Firouzmandi
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000328:Adult; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D001252:Astringents / Q000737:chemistry*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D001252:Astringents; D002614:Chelating Agents; D002712:Chlorides; C505694:Clearfil S3 Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C444701:Filtek Z250; D006490:Hemostatics; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; D014867:Water; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D004492:Edetic Acid; C030242:phosphoric acid