title: The validity, reliability, and time requirement of study model analysis using cone-beam computed tomography-generated virtual study models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the validity, reliability, and time spent to perform a full orthodontic study model analysis (SMA) on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-generated dental models (Anatomodels) compared with conventional plaster models and a subset of extracted premolars.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective sample of 30 consecutive patient records with fully erupted permanent dentition, good-quality plaster study models, and CBCT scans. Twenty-two extracted premolars were available from eleven of these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five evaluators participated in the inter-rater reliability study and one evaluator for the intrarater reliability and validity studies. Agreement was assessed by ICC and cross-tabulations, while mean differences were investigated using paired-sample t-tests and repeated-measures anova.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For all three modalities studied, intrarater reliability was excellent, inter-rater reliability was moderate to excellent, validity was poor to moderate, and performing SMA on Anatomodels took twice as long as on plaster.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study model analysis using CBCT-generated study models was reliable but not always valid and required more time to perform when compared with plaster models.
authors.affiliation: Private practice, Dynamic Orthodontics, Leduc, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Luu
authors.forename: M-A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mandich
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flores-Mir
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: El-Bialy
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Major
mesh_terms: D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003481:Cuspid / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003765:Models, Dental / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008963:Molar / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009811:Odontometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014584:User-Computer Interface
keywords: cone-beam computed tomography; dental models; imaging; odontometry; reproducibility of results; three-dimensional