title: Boys' and young men's perspectives on violence in Northern Tanzania.
abstract: The challenge of violence for youth in low-income countries includes a range of experiences from witnessing, to experiencing, to participating in violence. Although boys and young men are often the perpetrators of such violence, they may also be its victims. Yet little evidence exists from the voiced experiences of boys themselves on perceptions and interpretations of the violence around them. Given the numerous negative health implications of violence for boys, for the girls and other boys with whom they interact, and for the health of their future partners and families, we conducted an in-depth study in rural and urban Tanzania with adolescent boys on the masculinity norms shaping their transitions through puberty that might be contributing to high-risk behaviours, including engagement in violence. The findings identified underlying societal gendered norms influencing the enactment of violence, and recommendations from the boys on how to diminish the violence around them. Additional research is needed with boys on the social norms and structural factors influencing their engagement in violence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. ms27782@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Marni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Likindikoki
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaaya
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D057228:Masculinity; D033262:Narration; D010379:Peer Group; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012424:Rural Population; D013636:Tanzania; D014505:Urban Population; D014754:Violence / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult