title: Biomedical approaches to HIV prevention.
abstract: People who use and abuse alcohol and other drugs are an important population to target for HIV prevention because they are more likely to engage in sexual behaviors that increase their likelihood of acquiring or transmitting HIV. A variety of biomedical approaches to HIV prevention have been evaluated or currently are being studied. These approaches include an anti-HIV vaccine; topical protection treatments; and additional biomedical and barrier approaches, such as controlling sexually transmitted diseases, male circumcision, diaphragm use, and substance abuse treatment. The article also reviews topical versus oral antiretrovirals to prevent HIV transmission, antiretroviral treatment as prevention, and the role of alcohol and other drug use in HIV prevention.
authors.affiliation: Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Kenneth H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Margie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skeer
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mimiaga
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods*; D002944:Circumcision, Male / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents