title: Innovative combination of electrolysis and Fe(II)-activated persulfate oxidation for improving the dewaterability of waste activated sludge.
abstract: The feasibility of electrolysis integrated with Fe(II)-activated persulfate (S2O8(2-)) oxidation to improve waste activated sludge (WAS) dewaterability was evaluated. The physicochemical properties (sludge volume (SV), total suspended solids (TSS) and volatile suspended solids (VSS)) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), including slime EPS, loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) were characterized to identify their exact roles in sludge dewatering. While dewaterability negatively corresponded to LB-EPS, TB-EPS, protein (PN) and polysaccharide (PS) in LB-EPS and TB-EPS, it was independent of SV, TSS, VSS, slime EPS and PN/PS. Further study through scanning electron microscope (SEM) verified the entrapment of bacterial cells by TB-EPS, protecting them against electrolysis disruption. Comparatively, electrolysis integrated with S2O8(2-)/Fe(II) oxidation was able to effectively disrupt the protective barrier and crack the entrapped cells, releasing the water inside EPS and cells. Therefore, the destruction of both TB-EPS and cells is the fundamental reason for the enhanced dewaterability.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
authors.forename: Guang-Yin
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Xue-Qin
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yu-You
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: You-Cai
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000737:chemistry; D004572:Electrolysis / Q000379:methods*; D005374:Filtration; D005427:Flocculation / Q000187:drug effects; D007501:Iron / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001704:Biopolymers; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D012722:Sewage; D013431:Sulfates; D014867:Water; D007501:Iron