title: The lower limb and mechanics of walking in Australopithecus sediba.
abstract: The discovery of a relatively complete Australopithecus sediba adult female skeleton permits a detailed locomotor analysis in which joint systems can be integrated to form a comprehensive picture of gait kinematics in this late australopith. Here we describe the lower limb anatomy of Au. sediba and hypothesize that this species walked with a fully extended leg and with an inverted foot during the swing phase of bipedal walking. Initial contact of the lateral foot with the ground resulted in a large pronatory torque around the joints of the foot that caused extreme medial weight transfer (hyperpronation) into the toe-off phase of the gait cycle (late pronation). These bipedal mechanics are different from those often reconstructed for other australopiths and suggest that there may have been several forms of bipedalism during the Plio-Pleistocene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. jdesilva@bu.edu
authors.forename: Jeremy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: DeSilva
authors.forename: Kenneth G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Churchill
authors.forename: Kristian J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zipfel
authors.forename: Lee R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D050281:Bones of Lower Extremity / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D033023:Foot Joints / Q000502:physiology; D005580:Fossils; D005684:Gait; D015186:Hominidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D007866:Leg / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D011403:Pronation; D013019:South Africa; D016138:Walking