title: The effect of age, sex hormones, and bone turnover markers on calcaneal quantitative ultrasonometry in healthy German men.
abstract: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the age-dependent variations of calcaneal quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS) and the association with sex hormones and biochemical bone turnover markers in a large sample of unselected healthy German men. Bone measurements are expected to behave differently among men and women. The speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and stiffness index (SI) of the os calcaneus were measured in 506 German men aged 20-79 yr (mean age: 45.7 yr). Additionally, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, prolactin, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) as well as N-terminal propeptide of human procollagen type I (PINP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and CrossLaps were measured with standardized essays and correlated with the QUS results. The QUS results comprised an overall change of 12.4%, 3.2%, and 23.2% for BUA, SOS, and SI, respectively, between the 20-29 and 70-79 yr age groups (p ≤ 0.001). The annual rate of the age-related differences was 0.33% (standard deviation [SD]: 0.31), 0.06% (SD: 0.08), and 0.53% (SD: 0.56) for BUA, SOS, and SI, respectively. Testosterone and DHEA-S were significantly associated with QUS parameters and increasing age, whereas SHBG showed an age-related increase and was inversely related with QUS values (p < 0.05). Bone turnover markers present lower values gradually, and we found a significant correlation between carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks (CTX), osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and QUS variables (p < 0.05).
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine and Osteoporosis, Phillips-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: janniskyvernitakis@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kyvernitakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine and Osteoporosis, Phillips-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Saeger
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine and Osteoporosis, Phillips-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ziller
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine and Osteoporosis, Phillips-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine and Osteoporosis, Phillips-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Berna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seker-Pektas
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine and Osteoporosis, Phillips-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Peyman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hadji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015519:Bone Density; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003720:Densitometry / Q000379:methods*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones
keywords: Bone turnover; men; osteoporosis; quantitative ultrasonometry; sex hormones