title: Antimalarial activity of axidjiferosides, new β-galactosylceramides from the African sponge Axinyssa djiferi.
abstract: The marine sponge, Axinyssa djiferi, collected on mangrove tree roots in Senegal, was investigated for glycolipids. A mixture containing new glycosphingolipids, named axidjiferoside-A, -B and -C, accounted for 0.07% of sponge biomass (dry weight) and for 2.16% of total lipids. It showed a significant antimalarial activity, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.53 ± 0.2 μM against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. They were identified as homologous β-galactopyranosylceramides composed of 2-amino-(6E)-octadec-6-en-1,3,4-triol, and the major one, axidjiferoside-A (around 60%), contained 2-hydroxytetracosanoic acid. Cytotoxicity was studied in vitro on human cancer cell lines (multiple myeloma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma and two lung cancer NSCLC-N6 and A549). Results of this investigation showed that axidjiferosides are of interest, because they proved a good antiplasmodial activity, with only a low cytotoxicity against various human cell lines and no significant antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity. Thus, it seems that galactosylceramides with a β anomeric configuration may be suitable in searching for new antimalarial drugs.
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, LUNAM Université, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral-FR CNRS 3473, Nantes, France. fereshteh.farokhi@univ-nantes.fr
authors.forename: Fereshteh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farokhi
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grellier
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roussakis
authors.forename: Philippe M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Loiseau
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Genin-Seward
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kornprobst
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barnathan
authors.forename: Gaëtane
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wielgosz-Collin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002518:Ceramides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D005699:Galactosylceramides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D051379:Mice; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D011161:Porifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D012675:Senegal
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D002518:Ceramides; D005699:Galactosylceramides; D006028:Glycosphingolipids; D009005:Monosaccharides; C511581:beta-galactosyl ceramide; D002738:Chloroquine