title: Female sexual dysfunction in women with thyroid disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few data exist on the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in thyroid disorders.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated FSD in women with thyroid diseases and in control age-matched healthy women to investigate the relationship between sexual function and thyroid hormones.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and four women with thyroid diseases and 53 controls participated in the study. Eighteen with hyperthyroidism (Group 1), 22 hypothyroidism (Group 2), 45 Hashimoto's thyroiditis (Group 3), 19 nodular goiter (Group 4) underwent thyroid function evaluation and sonography. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) assessed sexual function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of FSD was 46.1% in thyroid diseases and 20.7% in controls. Only in Group 4, the prevalence (68.4%) was significantly higher than in controls (p<0.005). The mean total FSFI score was 20.1 ± 7.1 in women with thyroid diseases and 25.6 ± 4.7 in the controls (p<0.001). Compared with controls, there was a significant decrease of desire in Group 2; desire, arousal and lubrication in Group 3; desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm and satisfaction in Group 4. In thyroid diseases the prevalence of FSD was 53% and 42%, while in the controls was 55% and 20%, in menopausal and pre-menopausal groups, respectively. We found a significant inverse correlation between TSH and FSFI (r=-0.7, p=0.01) in Group 4, which showed the lowest FSFI score (17.8 ± 5.7) and the highest body mass index (28.4 ± 7.1 kg/m(2)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with thyroid diseases present a higher prevalence of FSD than controls. Although our findings suggest a higher impairment of sexual function in Group 4 and a role for TSH in FSD, further researches are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy. daniela.pasquali@unina2.it.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pasquali
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Maiorino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Renzullo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bellastella
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Accardo
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barbato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Esposito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D006044:Goiter, Nodular / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D017697:Premenopause; D015995:Prevalence; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D020018:Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013972:Thyrotropin