title: Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bichat's Fat Pad: In Vitro Comparison with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Subcutaneous Tissue.
abstract: Adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) are progenitor cells used in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Since Bichat's fat pad is easily accessible for dentists and maxillo-facial surgeons, we compared the features of ASCs from Bichat's fat pad (BFP-ASCs) with human ASCs from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SC-ASCs). BFP-ASCs isolated from a small amount of tissue were characterized for their stemness and multidifferentiative ability. They showed an important clonogenic ability and the typical mesenchymal stem cell immunophenotype. Moreover, when properly induced, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation markers, such as alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen deposition and lipid vacuoles formation, were promptly observed. Growth of both BFP-ASCs and SC-ASCs in the presence of human serum and their adhesion to natural and synthetic scaffolds were also assessed. Both types of ASCs adapted rapidly to human autologous or heterologous sera, increasing their proliferation rate compared to standard culture condition, and all the cells adhered finely to bone, periodontal ligament, collagen membrane, and polyglycol acid filaments that are present in the oral cavity or are commonly used in oral surgery. At last, we showed that amelogenin seems to be an early osteoinductive factor for BFP-ASCs, but not SC-ASCs, in vitro. We conclude that Bichat's fat pad contains BFP-ASCs with stemness features that are able to differentiate and adhere to biological supports and synthetic materials. They are also able to proliferate in the presence of human serum. For all these reasons we propose BFP-ASCs for future therapies of periodontal defects and bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan , Milan, Italy .
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Broccaioli
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niada
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rasperini
authors.forename: Lorena Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arrigoni
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yenagi
authors.forename: Anna Teresa
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Brini
keywords: amelogenin; biomaterials; buccal fat pad; mesenchymal stem/stromal cells; oral bone regeneration