title: Inhibitory effect of tianeptine on catagen induction in alopecia areata-like lesions induced by ultrasonic wave stress in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alopecia areata (AA) is characterized by rapid and complete hair loss in one or multiple areas of the scalp. Stress is an important triggering factor in AA.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify the inhibitory effect of tianeptine on catagen induction in C57BL/6 mice with AA-like lesions induced by ultrasonic wave stress (UWS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The mice were divided into four groups. Group 1 received oral tianeptine before and after UWS; group 2 received oral tianeptine only after UWS; group 3 was given UWS treatment only; and group 4 (negative control group) was not given any treatment. Phototrichigraphy and dermatoscopy were used for assessment. Histological analysis was performed using haematoxylin and eosin, toluidine blue, Masson trichrome and Verhoeff-van Gieson stains. Immunohistochemical analysis was also performed. The level of apoptosis and expression of neuropeptides in the skin were assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling and immunofluorescence assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice in group 1 had an increased rate of hair growth and greater hair-shaft thickness compared with mice in groups 2 and 3. In addition, mice in group 1 had a higher number of anagen hair follicles, increased synthesis of collagen and elastic fibres, decreased mast-cell degranulation, reduction in cell apoptosis in hair follicles, and recovery of vitamin D receptor expression. Expression of neuropeptides (substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide) was not altered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tianeptine might play a role in suppressing catagen induction in a stress-induced AA mouse model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: I P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S-K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000506:Alopecia Areata / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D000818:Animals; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000187:drug effects; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013841:Thiazepines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D013841:Thiazepines; C050504:tianeptine