title: S-1 monotherapy as second- or third-line chemotherapy for unresectable and recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  S-1 is widely used for various cancers. It may be useful for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, there are insufficient data. The purpose is to provide results of an analysis of S-1 monotherapy for unresectable and recurrent ESCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with histologically proven ESCC who were previously treated with other chemo(radio)therapies were treated with S-1 alone as second- or third-line chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A complete response (CR) was observed in 1 case (5%). A partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD) were seen in 4 (20.0%), 7 (35.0%), and 8 (40.0%) cases, respectively. Two cases (10%) of anemia, 1 case (5%) of leukopenia, 3 cases (15%) of fatigue, and 3 cases (15%) of diarrhea were observed as grade 3 toxicity; however, there were no cases of grade 4 toxicity. The 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 10.0%, and the median PFS was 100 days. The 1-year overall survival (OS) was 30.5%, and the median OS was 330 days. The 1-year PFS rate in CR/PR/SD and PD was 16.7 and 0%, and the median survival time was 120 and 40 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S-1 is a promising new drug which can be used as a second- or third-line chemotherapy for ESCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. yakutsu@faculty.chiba-u.jp
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akutsu
authors.forename: Tsuguaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uesato
authors.forename: Isamu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narushima
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanaoka
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tochigi
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Semba
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Hisahiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsubara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005641:Tegafur / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; C079198:S 1 (combination); D005641:Tegafur; D010094:Oxonic Acid