title: [Saccharomyces cerevisiae infections].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an ubiquitous yeast widely used in industry and it is also a common colonizer of the human mucosae. However, the incidence of invasive infection by these fungi has significantly increased in the last decades.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the infection by S. cerevisiae in a hospital in southern Brazil during a period of 10 years (2000-2010).
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of medical records of patients infected by this fungus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this period, 6 patients were found to be infected by S. cerevisiae. The age range of the patients was from 10 years to 84. Urine, blood, ascitic fluid, peritoneal dialysis fluid, and esophageal biopsy samples were analyzed. The predisposing factors were cancer, transplant, surgical procedures, renal failure, use of venous catheters, mechanical ventilation, hospitalization in Intensive Care Unit, diabetes mellitus, chemotherapy, corticosteroid use, and parenteral nutrition. Amphotericin B and fluconazole were the treatments of choice. Three of the patients died and the other 3 were discharged from hospital.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We must take special precautions in emerging infections, especially when there are predisposing conditions such as immunosuppression or patients with serious illnesses. The rapid and specific diagnosis of S. cerevisiae infections is important for therapeutic decision. Furthermore, epidemiological and efficacy studies of antifungal agents are necessary for a better therapeutic approach.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil; Departamento de Métodos Diagnósticos, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
authors.forename: Cristine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Souza Goebel
authors.forename: Flávio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Mattos Oliveira
authors.forename: Luiz Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Severo
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000382:microbiology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000382:microbiology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000150:complications; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000382:microbiology; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014140:Tracheotomy; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Emerging pathogen; Levaduras; Patógeno emergente; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Yeasts