title: Relationship of dietary monounsaturated fatty acids to blood pressure: the International Study of Macro/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In short-term feeding trials, replacement of other macronutrients with monounsaturated fatty acid reduces blood pressure. However, observational studies have not clearly demonstrated a relationship between monounsaturated fatty acid intake and blood pressure. We report associations of monounsaturated fatty acid intake of individuals with blood pressure in a cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The International Study of Macro/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure is a cross-sectional epidemiologic study of 4680 men and women ages 40-59 years from 17 population samples in China, Japan, UK and USA. Nutrient intake data were based on four in-depth multipass 24-h dietary recalls/person and two-timed 24-h urine collections/person. Blood pressure was measured eight times at four visits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean monounsaturated fatty acid intake ranged from 8.1%kcal (China) to 12.2%kcal (USA). With sequential models to control for possible confounders (dietary, other), linear regression analyses showed significant inverse relationship of total monounsaturated fatty acid intake with DBP for all participants; for 2238 'nonintervened' individuals, the relationship was stronger. Estimated DBP differences with 2-SD higher monounsaturated fatty acids (5.35%kcal) were -0.82 mmHg (P < 0.05) for all participants and -1.70 mmHg (P < 0.01) for nonintervened individuals. Inverse associations of dietary total oleic acid (main monounsaturated) with blood pressure in nonintervened individuals were not significant, but those of oleic acid from vegetable sources were stronger and significant (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary monounsaturated fatty acid intake, especially oleic acid from vegetable sources, may contribute to prevention and control of adverse blood pressure levels in general populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan. miura@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Jeremiah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stamler
authors.forename: Ian J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Hirotsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueshima
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Queenie
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Lawrence J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Appel
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okayama
authors.forename: Nagako
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Curb
authors.forename: Beatriz L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Liancheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elliott
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D019301:Oleic Acid