title: Local application of tropicamide 0.5% reduces retinal capillary blood flow.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (SLDF) plays an important role in the study of arterial hypertension, diabetes and stroke. The technology enables non-invasive measurement of the retinal capillary perfusion (RCF), retinal haemodynamics and arteriolar morphology in human. The values can be measured in mydriasis or in non-mydriatic eyes. It is not clear whether the using of vasoactive mydriatica for pupil dilation affects the measured parameters in retina. Acetylcholine, a vasoactive neurotransmitter in human retina, affects the contractility of pericytes using muscarinic receptors and stimulates endothelial synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). We examined whether blockade of the retinal cholinergic receptors by tropicamide affects the RCF.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured RCF in both eyes of 13 healthy subjects before and 30 min after the local application of one drop of 0.5% tropicamide to the right eye. The mean age of the group was 44 ± 14 years. The left eye was used as control. RCF was measured by Heidelberg retina flowmetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty minutes after local application of one drop of 0.5% tropicamide to the right eye RCF decreased significantly (p = 0.001) by 31.9 ± 13% but did not change in the control eye. The maximal decrease was observed 20 min after application of the tropicamide.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Locally administered tropicamide profoundly affects the RCF. Thus pupil dilatation impairs any assessment of retinal microcirculation.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department Friedrich-Alexander University , Erlangen , Germany.
authors.forename: Joanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Harazny
authors.forename: Roland E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Schmieder
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Welzenbach
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michelson
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D002196:Capillaries / Q000187:drug effects; D005123:Eye / Q000098:blood supply*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014331:Tropicamide / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D009184:Mydriatics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D014331:Tropicamide