title: Science behind cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in humans: a clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between serum electrolyte changes and cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected data from 18 patients undergoing cisplatin chemotherapy including serum electrolytes, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urine potassium, sodium and pH levels before and after the cisplatin chemotherapy. All the patients had cancer and were treated with 40-50 mg/day cisplatin. Renal injury was assessed by measuring serum electrolytes, creatinine, BUN levels and urine potassium, sodium and pH levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The five cycles of cisplatin based chemotherapy resulted in hypomagnesia (P=0.029), hypocalcaemia (P=0.001*), hypophosphatemia (P=0.003*), hypokalemia (P=0.001*) and increased serum creatinine (P=0.001*) and BUN (P=0.292*) levels. In urine analysis, decrease in potassium (P=0.024*) was found, except potassium there was no significant changes in sodium and urine pH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates that, acute nephrotoxicity was observed in patients with different types of cancers undergoing cisplatin based chemotherapy due to electrolyte disturbances, when no corrective measures were initiated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, PES College of Pharmacy, Bangalore-560 050, India.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Arunkumar
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Viswanatha
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Radheshyam
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mukund
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Belliyappa
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: Cisplatin; Creatinine; Electrolyte imbalance; Hypocalcaemia; Hypomagnesia