title: Expression of SHH signaling molecules in the developing human primary dentition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our current knowledge on tooth development derives primarily from studies in mice. Very little is known about gene expression and function during human odontogenesis. Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling has been demonstrated to play crucial roles in the development of multiple organs in mice, including the tooth. However, if SHH signaling molecules are expressed and function in the developing human embryonic tooth remain unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We conducted microarray assay to reveal the expression profile of SHH signaling pathway molecules. We then used in situ hybridization to validate and reveal spatial and temporal expression patterns of a number of selected molecules, including SHH, PTC1, SMO, GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3, in the developing human embryonic tooth germs, and compared them with that in mice. We found that all these genes exhibit similar but slightly distinct expression patterns in the human and mouse tooth germ at the cap and bell stages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate the operation of active SHH signaling in the developing human tooth and suggest a conserved function of SHH signaling pathway during human odontogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neuro Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, PR China.
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guimiao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chensheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yanding
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009805:Odontogenesis; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D000072081:Patched-1 Receptor; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D000072081:Patched-1 Receptor; C000606240:Ptch1 protein, mouse; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C509239:SHH protein, human; C491023:SMO protein, human; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D014157:Transcription Factors