title: [Actinomycetoma of the knee due to Nocardia otitidiscaviarum described in the Comoro Islands].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mycetoma is a chronic skin and soft tissue infection encountered in the dry tropical regions and are caused by fungi (eumycetoma) or bacteria (actinomycetoma).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 25-year-old man consulted at the hospital on Mayotte Island for a left knee injury sustained 10 years earlier in a motorcycle accident with broken skin occurring in Anjouan in the Comoro Islands. Clinical and histological diagnosis of mycetoma was made, and in the absence of microbiological diagnosis, empirical antifungal therapy was initiated. Given the poor outcome, new biopsies were performed and resulted in the identification of Nocardia otitidiscaviarum. More than 1 year later, the patient had fully recovered and after administration of several and extended antibiotic courses including cotrimoxazole and linezolid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacterial mycetomas are usually described in semi-arid regions and the occurrence of this disease is unexpected in humid tropical areas such as the Comoro Islands. N. otitidiscaviarum is rarely involved in this infection, particularly in Africa.
authors.affiliation: Centre hospitalier de Mayotte, BP 04, 97600 Mamoudzou, France. epelboincrh@hotmail.fr
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Epelboin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Woessner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roussin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Benoit-Cattin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Noca
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Godefroy
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Nava
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aubry
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000081:Acetamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017507:Comoros; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee / Q000382:microbiology*; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000150:complications; D000069349:Linezolid; D008297:Male; D008271:Mycetoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D009615:Nocardia / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014329:Tropical Climate
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D000069349:Linezolid