title: Thyrotropin secretion patterns in health and disease.
abstract: Thyroid hormones are extremely important for metabolism, development, and growth during the lifetime. The hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis is precisely regulated for these purposes. Much of our knowledge of this hormonal axis is derived from experiments in animals and mutations in man. This review examines the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis particularly in relation to the regulated 24-hour serum TSH concentration profiles in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, including obesity, primary hypothyroidism, pituitary diseases, psychiatric disorders, and selected neurological diseases. Diurnal TSH rhythms can be analyzed with novel and precise techniques, eg, operator-independent deconvolution and approximate entropy. These approaches provide indirect insight in the regulatory components in pathophysiological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. f.roelfsema@lumc.nl.
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Roelfsema
authors.forename: Johannes D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Veldhuis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D010900:Pituitary Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012737:Sex Factors; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000503:physiopathology; D018382:Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013974:Thyroxine