title: [Autoantibodies associated with autoimmune-mediated cerebellar ataxia].
abstract: Various autoantibodies are associated with autoimmune-mediated cerebellar ataxia. Anti-Yo, -Zic, -CARPVIII, -Tr, -Ri, -Hu, -Ma, -CRMP-5, -ANNA-3, -PCA-2, -VGCC, and -mGluR antibodies (Abs) are found in paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia, whereas anti-GAD, -thyroid, and -gliadin Abs are found in non-paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia. Most of these antibodies are not pathogenic but are diagnostic markers. However, anti-VGCC, anti-mGluR, and anti-GAD Abs have been shown to cause cerebellar ataxia, because administration of these Abs mimics cerebellar ataxia in vivo. Experiments using in vitro preparations show that anti-VGCC Ab depresses excitatory synaptic transmissions, and anti-GAD Ab suppresses inhibitory synaptic transmissions. Anti-mGluR Ab interferes with the induction of synaptic plasticity. These results suggest that pathogenic Abs elicit cerebellar synaptic dysfunction, and thereby cause ataxia in patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Education, Tokyo Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mitoma
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nanri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D002524:Cerebellar Ataxia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase