title: Prevalence and factors related to antibiotic prescription in Benin: a school-based study.
abstract: Rational use of antibiotics in poor-resource settings countries is challenging. In order to assess the factors related to antibiotic prescription, a cross sectional study was carried out in four school infirmaries from February to June 2008 in the district of Allada in Benin. For each patient, socio-demographic characteristics, symptoms motivating medical visits, diagnosis and therapeutic prescriptions were collected. A malaria rapid diagnostic test was used in case of fever. Data were entered and validated with Epidata(®) software, and analysed with STATA 11(®) software. One thousand six hundred and thirty medical visits occurred during the study period. Fever was reported by 57% of children. Malaria was the leading diagnosis (32%), followed by respiratory infection (17.5%). Antibiotic was prescribed to 40% of the children. Respiratory infection and skin disorders were positively related to antibiotic usage [OR=59.5 (33.4-105.7); P<10(-3) and OR=6.4 (4.6-8.8); P<10(-3) respectively]. Malaria [OR=0.11 (0.03-0.11); P<10(-3)] and fever of unknown origin [OR=0.05 (0.03-0.11); P<10(-3)] were negatively related to antibiotic usage. Further clinical surveys and trials aimed at rationalizing antibiotics usage in this area should focus on the management of acute respiratory illnesses.
authors.affiliation: IRD UMR216, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France. kourakobtoghislain@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Kobto G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Koura
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Béhéton
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Todoégnon
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deloron
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cot
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Faucher
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001541:Benin; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D005335:Fever of Unknown Origin / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria; D008297:Male; D009726:Nurses; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents