title: Efficacy of boswellic acid on lysosomal acid hydrolases, lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidant status in gouty arthritic mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of boswellic acid against monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mice were divided into four experimental groups. Group I served as control; mice in group II were injected with monosodium urate crystal; group III consisted of monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with boswellic acid (30 mg/kg/b.w.); group IV comprised monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with indomethacin (3 mg/kg/b.w.). Paw volume and levels/activities of lysosomal enzymes, lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant status and inflammatory mediator TNF-α were determined in control and monosodium urate crystal-induced mice. In addition, the levels of β-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase were also measured in monosodium urate crystal-incubated polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The activities of lysosomal enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and tumour necrosis factor-α levels and paw volume were increased significantly in monosodium urate crystal-induced mice, whereas the activities of antioxidant status were in turn decreased. However, these changes were modulated to near normal levels upon boswellic acid administration. In vitro, boswellic acid reduced the level of β-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase in monosodium urate crystal-incubated PMNL in concentration dependent manner when compared with control cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained in this study further strengthen the anti-inflammatory/antiarthritic effect of boswellic acid, which was already well established by several investigators.
authors.affiliation: School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University Vellore-632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Evan Prince
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Sabina
authors.forename: Haridas
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Indu
authors.forename: Mahaboobkhan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rasool
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015210:Arthritis, Gouty / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D014315:Triterpenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014527:Uric Acid; C054625:boswellic acid; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D006867:Hydrolases; D005966:Glucuronidase; D007213:Indomethacin
keywords: Anti-inflammatory effect; Antiarthritic effect; Antioxidant status; Boswellic acid; Gouty arthritis; Indomethacin; Inflammation; Lipid peroxidation; Lysosomal enzymes; Monosodium urate; Polymorphonuclear leucocytes