title: A dual-frame sampling methodology to address landline replacement in tobacco control research.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the comparability of self-reported smoking prevalence estimates from a dual-frame survey with those from two large-scale, national surveys.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Social Climate Survey of Tobacco Control (SCS-TC) obtained self-reported current smoking status via a dual-frame methodology in the fall of 2010. One frame used random digit dialling procedures and consisted of households with a landline telephone; the other frame consisted of a population-based probability-based online panel. Current smoking prevalence was compared with national estimates from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
  
  
  RESULTS
  18.3% (95% CI 17.0% to 19.6%) of SCS-TC respondents reported current smoking. NHIS and NHANES estimates found 19.4% (95% CI 18.8% to 20.1%) and 20.3% (95% CI 18.7% to 22.1%), respectively, reporting current smoking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence estimates for cigarette smoking obtained from the dual-frame SCS-TC are comparable to those from other national surveys. A mixed-mode approach may be a useful strategy to transition cross-sectional surveys with established trend data to newer dual-frame designs to maintain compatibility with surveys from previous years and to include the growing number of households that do not have landline telephones.
authors.affiliation: AAP Tobacco Consortium and Julius B. Richmond Center, Elk Grove Village, Illinois, USA Social Science Research Center and Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, USA.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: McMillen
authors.affiliation: AAP Tobacco Consortium and Julius B. Richmond Center, Elk Grove Village, Illinois, USA MGH Center for Child and Adolescent Health Policy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Winickoff
authors.affiliation: AAP Tobacco Consortium and Julius B. Richmond Center, Elk Grove Village, Illinois, USA Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: AAP Tobacco Consortium and Julius B. Richmond Center, Elk Grove Village, Illinois, USA Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanski
authors.affiliation: AAP Tobacco Consortium and Julius B. Richmond Center, Elk Grove Village, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D040421:Cell Phone; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D057566:Self Report; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013689:Telephone; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Disparities; Prevention; Surveillance and monitoring