title: Prevalence and risk factors for latex glove allergy among female clinical nurses: a multicenter questionnaire study in China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Natural rubber latex glove use is widespread in mainland China, but the prevalence and risk factors for latex glove allergy among clinical nurses have previously been unreported.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was used to collect information on latex glove-related allergy among clinical nursing staff in 35 hospitals of eight provinces in the southern, central southern, and northern regions of China, and the risk factors were calculated with logistic regression analysis. Some subjects with glove dermatitis were patch tested with a modified European standard series of allergens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 8485 female nurses in eight provinces of China, overall prevalence of latex glove allergy was 8.8%. Of 743 symptomatic nurses, 573 (77.1%) and 475 (63.9%) reported symptoms suggestive of glove dermatitis and type I latex allergy, respectively. Of 69 randomly selected subjects with glove dermatitis, 18 (26.1%) had a positive patch to rubber additives. Employment seniority, positive family and personal history of allergic diseases, and longer extent of time spent in a single hospital room were associated with latex allergy, while using >5 pairs of gloves per working day may be a protective factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chinese nurses are at high risk for latex sensitization. Nurses who develop latex-related symptoms after exposure to latex gloves should undergo screening tests for latex allergy. Low-protein, powder-free natural rubber latex gloves, or latex-free gloves should be widely adopted in China, along with other preventive measures.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Dongguan Campus of Guangdong Medical College, China.
authors.forename: Qiong-Ling
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao-Zhen
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Hui-Ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Kun-Ju
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yi-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D017575:Gloves, Protective / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D020315:Latex Hypersensitivity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010328:Patch Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult