title: Microencapsulation of a hydrophilic model molecule through vibration nozzle and emulsion phase inversion technologies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The goal of the present work was to evaluate and discuss vibration nozzle microencapsulation (VNM) technology combined to lyophilization, for the microencapsulation of a hydrophilic model molecule into a hydrophilic polymer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fluorescein-loaded alginate microparticles prepared by VNM and emulsion phase inversion microencapsulation (EPIM) were lyophilized. Morphology, particle size distribution, lyophilized microspheres stability upon rehydration, drug loading and in vitro release were evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Well-formed microspheres were obtained by the VNM technique, with higher yields of production (93.3-100%) and smaller particle size (d50138.10-158.00) than the EPIM microspheres. Rehydration upon lyophilization occurred in 30 min maintaining microsphere physical integrity. Fluorescein release was always faster from the microspheres obtained by VNM (364 h) than from those obtained by EPIM (504 h).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that VNM is a simple, easy to be scaled-up process suitable for the microencapsulation hydrophilic drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dorati
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Genta
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Modena
authors.forename: Bice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Conti
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005612:Freeze Drying; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D004655:Emulsions; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D019793:Fluorescein