title: Investigation on the role of Spirulina platensis in ameliorating behavioural changes, thyroid dysfunction and oxidative stress in offspring of pregnant rats exposed to fluoride.
abstract: The study investigated the role of Spirulina platensis in reversing sodium fluoride-induced thyroid, neurodevelopment and oxidative alterations in offspring of pregnant rats. The total antioxidant activity, phycocyanins, and β carotene content were quantified in Spirulina. Thirty female pregnant rats were allocated to six groups and treatment initiated orally from embryonic day (ED) 6 to postnatal day (PND) 15. Treatment groups included control, Spirulina alone, sodium fluoride (20 mg/kg) alone, and sodium fluoride along with Spirulina (250 and 500 mg/kg). Serum fluoride levels were determined on ED 20 and PND 11. Offspring were subjected to behavioural testing, estimation of thyroid levels, oxidative measurements in brain mitochondrial fraction and histological evaluation of the cerebellum. Fluoride-induced alterations in thyroid hormones, behaviour and increased oxidative stress. Spirulina augmented the displacement of fluoride, facilitated antioxidant formation, improved behaviour and protected Purkinje cells. Supplementing Spirulina during pregnancy could reduce the risk of fluoride toxicity in offspring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nalanda College of Pharmacy, Charlapally, Nalgonda 508001, AP, India. davidbanji@gmail.com
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Banji
authors.forename: Otilia J F
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Banji
authors.forename: N Gouri
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Pratusha
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Annamalai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D001519:Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010798:Phycocyanin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000633:toxicity*; D053545:Spirulina / Q000737:chemistry*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D019207:beta Carotene; D010798:Phycocyanin; D012969:Sodium Fluoride