title: Modulation of carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by n-hexane extract of Sonchus asper.
abstract: Sonchus asper is traditionally used in the treatment of renal dysfunction. In the present study, protective effects of S. asper against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced nephrotoxicity of rats were determined. In this study, 24 male albino rats (190-200 g) were equally divided into four groups. Group I (control group) was given saline (1 ml/kg body weight (b.w.), 0.85% NaCl) and dimethyl sulfoxide (1 ml/kg b.w.); group II was treated with CCl4 (1 ml/kg b.w. intraperitoneally); groups III and IV were administered with CCl4 and after 48 h with S. asper n-hexane extract (SHE; 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.). All the treatments were given twice a week for 4 weeks. The results revealed that CCl4-induced oxidative stress as evidenced by the significant depletion of antioxidant enzymes, namely, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione contents, while increased lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances contents). Administration of SHE significantly ameliorated (p < 0.01) the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduced lipid peroxides. Coadministration revealed that S. asper extract can protect the kidney against CCl4-mediated oxidative damage by restoring the activity of antioxidant enzyme, due to the presence of plant bioactive constituents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Bannu, KPK, Pakistan Rahmatgul_81@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Rahmat Ali
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Rashid
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Naseer Ali
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Botanical Sciences Division, Pakistan Museum of Natural History, Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Sumaira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sahreen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Pakiza
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Siddiq
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D006586:Hexanes; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D031184:Sonchus / Q000737:chemistry*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D006586:Hexanes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C026385:n-hexane; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D010088:Oxidoreductases
keywords: CCl4; Sonchus asper; antioxidant enzymes; kidney; nephrotoxicity; rat