title: Ultrastructural characteristics of fibrin clots from canine and feline platelet concentrates activated with calcium gluconate or calcium gluconate plus batroxobin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to use transmission electron microscopy to describe the ultrastructural characteristics of clots obtained from canine and feline platelet concentrates (PC) that had been activated with calcium gluconate (CG) or CG plus batroxobin (CGB). Platelets from fibrin clots were classified according their morphological changes. The area of the intercellular space (μm2), the area of the fibrin fibers (μm2), and the width of the fibrin fibers (μm) were determined for the dog clots. The platelet area (μm2), the area of fibrin fibers (μm2), the ratio of the minor and major axes of platelets, the ratio of the major and minor axes of platelets, and the number of α-granules found within platelets were measured for the cat clots.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cat platelets displayed full activation. Dog platelets displayed lysis with loss of normal architecture. In both species, a statistically significant difference was found (P < 0.01) between the fibrin fiber measurements in the PC clots activated with CG and CGB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that activation with CG caused platelet alpha granules to release their contents. In cats, fibrin production was greater when the PC was activated with CG. In dogs, activation with CG produced thick fibrin fibers.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clinica e Cirurgia Veterinarias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil. raul.silva@ucaldas.edu.co
authors.forename: Raúl F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Jorge U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Carmona
authors.forename: Cleuza M F
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Rezende
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D012103:Batroxobin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002125:Calcium Gluconate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002415:Cats / Q000097:blood; D004285:Dogs / Q000097:blood; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects; D005337:Fibrin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D005337:Fibrin; D012103:Batroxobin; D002125:Calcium Gluconate