title: Soluble epoxide hydrolase deficiency or inhibition attenuates diet-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver and adipose tissue.
abstract: Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a cytosolic enzyme whose inhibition has beneficial effects in cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases in murine models. Mice with targeted deletion or pharmacological inhibition of sEH exhibit improved insulin signaling in liver and adipose tissue. Herein, we assessed the role of sEH in regulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in liver and adipose tissue. We report that sEH expression was increased in the livers and adipose tissue of mice fed a high fat diet, the adipose tissue of overweight humans, and palmitate-treated cells. Importantly, sEH deficiency or inhibition in mice attenuated chronic high fat diet-induced ER stress in liver and adipose tissue. Similarly, pharmacological inhibition of sEH in HepG2 cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes mitigated chemical-induced ER stress and activation of JNK, p38, and cell death. In addition, insulin signaling was enhanced in HepG2 cells treated with sEH substrates and attenuated in cells treated with sEH products. In summary, these findings demonstrate that sEH is a physiological modulator of ER stress and a potential target for mitigating complications associated with obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bettaieb
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: AbouBechara
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616.
authors.forename: Samah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chahed
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California 95616; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morisseau
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California 95616; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616.
authors.forename: Bruce D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Hammock
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616. Electronic address: fghaj@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Fawaz G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Haj
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004032:Diet; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D006867:Hydrolases; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases; C506428:EPHX2 protein, human; C518648:Ephx2 protein, mouse
keywords: Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids (EETs); Hydrolases; Inflammation; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Regulation; Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase