title: A previously unrecognized kanosamine biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
abstract: The ntd operon in Bacillus subtilis is essential for biosynthesis of 3,3'-neotrehalosadiamine (NTD), an unusual nonreducing disaccharide reported to have antibiotic properties. It has been proposed that the three enzymes encoded within this operon, NtdA, NtdB, and NtdC, constitute a complete set of enzymes required for NTD synthesis, although their functions have never been demonstrated in vitro. We now report that these enzymes catalyze the biosynthesis of kanosamine from glucose-6-phosphate: NtdC is a glucose-6-phosphate 3-dehydrogenase, NtdA is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent 3-oxo-glucose-6-phosphate:glutamate aminotransferase, and NtdB is a kanosamine-6-phosphate phosphatase. None of these enzymatic reactions have been reported before. This pathway represents an alternate route to the previously reported pathway from Amycolatopsis mediterranei which derives kanosamine from UDP-glucose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5C9.
authors.forename: Natasha D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Vetter
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Langill
authors.forename: Shazia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anjum
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boisvert-Martel
authors.forename: Rajendra C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Jagdhane
authors.forename: Egiroh
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Omene
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Karin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: van Straaten
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Asiamah
authors.forename: Ed S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Krol
authors.forename: David A R
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: David R J
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Palmer
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D009876:Operon / Q000235:genetics; D011732:Pyridoxal Phosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014199:Trehalose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D014532:Uridine Diphosphate Glucose / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C049974:3,3'-neotrehalosadiamine; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate; C014968:kanosamine; D011732:Pyridoxal Phosphate; D014199:Trehalose; D005944:Glucosamine; D014532:Uridine Diphosphate Glucose