title: SHIV antigen immunization alters patterns of immune responses to SHIV/malaria coinfection and protects against life-threatening SHIV-related malaria.
abstract: Whether vaccination against a virus can protect against more virulent coinfection with the virus and additional pathogen(s) remains poorly characterized. Overlapping endemicity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria suggests that HIV/malaria coinfection frequently complicates acute and chronic HIV infection. Here we showed that vaccination of macaques with recombinant Listeria ΔactA prfA* expressing simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) gag and env elicited Gag- and Env-specific T-cell responses, and protected against life-threatening SHIV-related malaria after SHIV/Plasmodium fragile coinfection. SHIV antigen immunization reduced peak viremia, resisted SHIV/malaria-induced lymphoid destruction, and blunted coinfection-accelerated decline of CD4(+) T-cell counts after SHIV/malaria coinfection. SHIV antigen immunization also weakened coinfection-driven overreactive proinflammatory interferon-γ (IFNγ) responses and led to developing T helper cell 17/22 (Th17/Th22) responses after SHIV/malaria coinfection. The findings suggest that vaccination against AIDS virus can alter patterns of immune responses to the SHIV/malaria coinfection and protect against life-threatening SHIV-related malaria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Frencher
authors.forename: Bridgett K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Ryan-Pasyeur
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ri Cheng
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Phillip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: McMullen
authors.forename: Norman L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Letvin
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Nancy E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Freitag
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malkovsky
authors.forename: Crystal Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Zheng W
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D060085:Coinfection / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000276:immunology; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D008288:Malaria / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000276:immunology; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
keywords: HIV/AIDS; T cell; co-infection; immunology; malaria; vaccination