title: Anti-inflammatory effects of tectroside on UVB-induced HaCaT cells.
abstract: Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation causes skin damage and inflammation by inducing the secretion of various cytokines, which are immune regulators produced by cells. To prevent skin inflammation, keratinocytes that have been irreversibly damaged by UVB must be eliminated through apoptosis. Ixeris dentata (I. dentata) (family Asteraceae) is a perennial medicinal herb indigenous to Korea. It is used in Korea, China and Japan to treat indigestion, pneumonia, diabetes, hepatitis, contusions and tumors. Guaiane-type sesquiterpene lactones were isolated from the whole extract of I. dentata. This led to the isolation of the anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactone compound tectroside (TES), which was tested on a human keratinocyte cell line. To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of TES, we examined its influence on UVB-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) by observing these cells in the presence or absence of TES. In the present study, pro-inflammatory cytokine production was determined by performing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis to evaluate the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). TES inhibited UVB-induced production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, TES inhibited the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPKs, suggesting that it inhibits the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 and COX-2 expression by blocking MAPK phosphorylation. These results suggest that TES can potentially protect against UVB-induced skin inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Bae
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ok-Hwa
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Dae-Ki
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Joung
authors.forename: Su-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.forename: Yun-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Mi-Ran
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Shi-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Dong-Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Dong-Yeul
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007783:Lactones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D045789:Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007783:Lactones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D045789:Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane; C584293:tectroside; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases