title: [Inter-society consensus for the management of respiratory infections: acute bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
abstract: The Argentine Society for Infectious Diseases and other national societies issued updated practical guidelines for the management of acute bronchitis (AB) and reactivations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with the aim of promoting rational use of diagnostic and therapeutic resources. AB is a condition characterized by inflammation of the bronchial airways which affects adults and children without underlying pulmonary disease. It is usually caused by a virus. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings after community acquired pneumonia has been ruled out. Treatment of AB is mainly symptomatic. Antibiotics should be used in immune-compromised hosts, patients with chronic respiratory or cardiac diseases and in the elderly with co-morbidities. Reactivation of COPD is defined as an acute change in the patient's baseline clinical situation beyond normal day to day variations, with an increase in dyspnea, sputum production and/or sputum purulence, warranting a change in medication. An increase in one symptom is considered a mild exacerbation, two as moderate, and the presence of three symptoms is considered a severe exacerbation. An infectious agent can be isolated in sputum in 50 to 75% of COPD reactivations. Moderate and severe episodes must be treated with antibiotics, amoxicillin/ beta-lactamase inhibitor, macrolides and fluoroquinolones are first choice drugs.
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Argentina de Infectología, Argentina. glopardo@intramed.net
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lopardo
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pensotti
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scapellato
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Caberlotto
authors.forename: Aníbal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calmaggi
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clara
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Levy Hara
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: López Furst
authors.forename: Analía
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mykietiuk
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pryluka
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rial
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vujacich
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yahni
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001118:Argentina; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000150:complications; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012955:Societies, Medical; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: COPD reactivation; acute bronchitis; management of respiratory infections