title: [Management of labial incompetence and gummy smile using profiloplasty].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gummy smile and labial incompetence are frequent for consultation in plastic surgery. We wanted to show that rhinoplasty and genioplasty should correct these anomalies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Profiloplasty was performed on 20 patients. Aesthetic and functional items were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There is a correlation between aesthetic and functional results. Results seem to be better for patients having an important labial incompetence without gummy smile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Those results are based on anatomical and surgical considerations. Some non surgical procedures do exist to treat this problem. It should be a challenge to find the place for each procedure.
authors.affiliation: CHU Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Service ORL et chirurgie cervico-maxillo-faciale, 5 pl Arsonval, 69437 Lyon cedex 03, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foucher
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quenin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Disant
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D063172:Genioplasty; D005881:Gingiva; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010781:Photography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty; D012904:Smiling