title: Effect of cholera toxin administered supraspinally or spinally on the blood glucose level in pain and d-glucose fed animal models.
abstract: In the present study, the effect of intrathecal (i.t.) or intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration with cholera toxin (CTX) on the blood glucose level was examined in ICR mice. The i.t. treatment with CTX alone for 24 h dose-dependently increased the blood glucose level. However, i.c.v. treatment with CTX for 24 h did not affect the blood glucose level. When mice were orally fed with D-glucose (2 g/kg), the blood glucose level reached to a maximum level at 30 min and almost returned to the control level at 120 min after D-glucose feeding. I.c.v. pretreatment with CTX increased the blood glucose level in a potentiative manner, whereas i.t. pretreatment with CTX increased the blood glucose level in an additive manner in a D-glucose fed group. In addition, the blood glucose level was increased in formalin-induced pain animal model. I.c.v. pretreatment with CTX enhanced the blood glucose level in a potentiative manner in formalin-induced pain animal model. On the other hand, i.t. pretreatment with CTX increased the blood glucose level in an additive manner in formalin-induced pain animal model. Our results suggest that CTX administered supraspinally or spinally differentially modulates the regulation of the blood glucose level in D-glucose fed model as well as in formalin-induced pain model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Beom
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.forename: Soo-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yu-Jung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Sung-Su
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chea-Ha
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jun-Sub
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Ohk-Hyun
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Moon-Gi
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Seong-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hong-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Suh
keywords: Blood glucose; Brain; Cholera toxin; Pain; Spinal cord