title: An AC electrokinetics facilitated biosensor cassette for rapid pathogen identification.
abstract: To develop a portable point-of-care system based on biosensors for common infectious diseases such as urinary tract infection, the sensing process needs to be implemented within an enclosed fluidic system. On chip sample preparation of clinical samples remains a significant obstacle to achieving robust sensor performance. Herein AC electrokinetics is applied in an electrochemical biosensor cassette to enhance molecular convection and hybridization efficiency through electrokinetics induced fluid motion and Joule heating induced temperature elevation. Using E. coli as an exemplary pathogen, we determined the optimal electrokinetic parameters for detecting bacterial 16S rRNA in the biosensor cassette based on the current output, signal-to-noise ratio, and limit of detection. In addition, a panel of six probe sets targeting common uropathogenic bacteria was demonstrated. The optimized parameters were also validated using patient-derived clinical urine samples. The effectiveness of electrokinetics for on chip sample preparation will facilitate the implementation of point-of-care diagnosis of urinary tract infection in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5118, USA.
authors.forename: Mengxing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Ruchika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kathleen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Mach
authors.forename: Mandy L Y
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sin
authors.forename: Mason
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McComb
authors.forename: Janhvi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gau
authors.forename: Pak Kin
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Joseph C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry; D006801:Humans; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes / Q000737:chemistry; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D062125:Thermometry; D013997:Time Factors; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes