title: Comparison of follicular fluid and serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels as predictors of the outcome of assisted reproductive treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare follicular fluid and serum concentrations of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) as predictors of the outcome of assisted reproduction.
  
  
  METHODS
  This observational study enrolled 58 women who were undergoing IVF or ICSI treatment with the long stimulation protocol. Patients diagnosed as having PCOS were excluded. Serum and follicular fluid AMH levels were assessed as predictors of clinical pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the serum and follicular fluid AMH levels were higher in the clinical pregnancy group than in the failed group. A significant correlation was found between the serum and follicular fluid AMH levels, but a discrepancy was observed in some patients with elevated AMH levels in the follicular fluid or serum alone. Assisted reproductive treatment resulted in clinical pregnancy in all of the patients with elevated AMH levels in the follicular fluid (>40pM) or in the serum (>10pM). The ROC-AUC for the combination of follicular and serum AMH was 0.772, which was relatively higher than that for either the serum AMH (AUC: 0.691) or follicular fluid AMH (AUC: 0.688) alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated AMH levels in either the serum or follicular fluid appeared to be predictive of clinical pregnancy, even if AMH levels in other fluids were low. This is a pilot study with preliminary data that need further confirmation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugiura-Ogasawara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted
chemical_list: D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone
keywords: AMH; Follicular fluid; ICSI; IVF; MIH; Pregnancy rate