title: A comprehensive analysis of Aurora A; transcript levels are the most reliable in association with proliferation and prognosis in breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aurora A kinase, a centrosomal serine/threonine kinase which plays an essential role in chromosome segregation during cell division, is commonly amplified and/or over expressed in human malignancies. Aurora A is suggested to be one of the proliferation parameters which is an independent prognostic factor for early invasive breast cancer patients; however the individual clinical or prognostic relevance of this gene has been a matter of debate.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive analysis of Aurora A at the levels of gene expression, gene copy number and protein expression was performed for 278 primary invasive breast cancer patients; and the correlation with clinical outcomes were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aurora A gene expression level not only correlated with gene amplification, but was also significantly associated with several clinicopathological parameters and patient prognosis. Patients with higher nuclear grade, negative progesterone receptor status and higher Ki67 expressed higher levels of Aurora A mRNA, which was associated not only with poor relapse-free survival (RFS) but was also found to be a significant multivariate parameter for RFS. Aurora A protein expression was also significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics; lymph node status, nuclear grade, estrogen receptor status and Ki67, but not with prognosis. By contrast, Aurora A gene amplification correlated with tumor size, nuclear grade and Ki67, and had no prognostic value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that Aurora A gene expression is an effective tool, which defines both tumor proliferation potency and patient prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Mutsuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto-Ibusuki
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwase
mesh_terms: D064096:Aurora Kinase A / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D018628:Gene Dosage; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D064096:Aurora Kinase A