title: Inbuilt potential of YEM medium and its constituents to generate Ag/Ag₂O nanoparticles.
abstract: We discovered that Yeast Extract Mannitol (YEM) medium possessed immense potential to generate silver nanoparticles from AgNO3 upon autoclaving, which was evident from (i) alteration in color of the medium; (ii) peak at ∼410 nm in UV-Vis spectrum due to surface plasmon resonance specific to silver nanoparticles; and (iii) TEM investigations. TEM coupled with EDX confirmed that distinct nanoparticles were composed of silver. Yeast extract and mannitol were key components of YEM medium responsible for the formation of nanoparticles. PXRD analysis indicated crystalline geometry and Ag/Ag2O phases in nanoparticles generated with YEM medium, yeast extract and mannitol. Our investigations also revealed that both mannitol and yeast extract possessed potential to convert ∼80% of silver ions in 0.5 mM AgNO3 to nanoparticles, on autoclaving for 30 min at 121°C under a pressure of 1.06 kg/cm(2). Addition of filter sterilized AgNO3 under ambient conditions to pre-autoclaved YEM medium and yeast extract brought about color change due to the formation of silver nanoparticles, but required prolonged duration. In general, even after 72 h intensity of color was significantly less than that recorded following autoclaving. Silver nanoparticles formed at room temperature were more heterogeneous compared to that obtained upon autoclaving. In summary, our findings demonstrated that (i) YEM medium and its constituents promote synthesis of silver nanoparticles; and (ii) autoclaving enhances rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles by YEM medium, yeast extract and mannitol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yamal
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharmila
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pardha-Saradhi
mesh_terms: D003116:Color; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000737:chemistry*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008353:Mannitol / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011312:Pressure; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D018030:Silver Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012835:Silver Nitrate / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D015003:Yeasts / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D003470:Culture Media; D010087:Oxides; D018030:Silver Compounds; D012834:Silver; D008353:Mannitol; C040225:disilver oxide; D012835:Silver Nitrate