title: Effect of 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine on pneumonia among children, Brazil.
abstract: Pneumonia is most problematic for children in developing countries. In 2010, Brazil introduced a 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) to its National Immunization Program. To assess the vaccine's effectiveness for preventing pneumonia, we analyzed rates of hospitalization among children 2-24 months of age who had pneumonia from all causes from January 2005 through August 2011. We used data from the National Hospitalization Information System to conduct an interrupted time-series analysis for 5 cities in Brazil that had good data quality and high PCV10 vaccination coverage. Of the 197,975 hospitalizations analyzed, 30% were for pneumonia. Significant declines in hospitalizations for pneumonia were noted in Belo Horizonte (28.7%), Curitiba (23.3%), and Recife (27.4%) but not in São Paulo and Porto Alegre. However, in the latter 2 cities, vaccination coverage was less than that in the former 3. Overall, 1 year after introduction of PCV10, hospitalizations of children for pneumonia were reduced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliane Terezinha
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Afonso
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Minamisava
authors.forename: Ana Luiza
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bierrenbach
authors.forename: Juan Jose Cortez
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Escalante
authors.forename: Airlane Pereira
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Alencar
authors.forename: Carla Magda
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.forename: Otaliba Libanio
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Morais-Neto
authors.forename: Cristiana Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Toscano
authors.forename: Ana Lucia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Andrade
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs / Q000191:economics*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics* / Q000276:immunology*; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014505:Urban Population; D014611:Vaccination; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
chemical_list: C538863:10-valent pneumococcal vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
keywords: Brazil; PCV10; Pneumonia; bacteria; hospitalization; infant; pneumococcal vaccines; time-series analysis; vaccination