title: An improved dry ash procedure for the detection of titanium dioxide in cattle feces.
abstract: We improved the dry ash procedure for detecting titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) in cattle feces containing chromium oxide [corrected] (Cr(2)O(3) ). First, the effect of amount of sodium sulfate (Na2 SO4 ) on the recovery of TiO2 from cattle feces that contained Cr2 O3 was evaluated. Average recovery of TiO2 at the 2.5 g Na2 SO4 level was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than that at 0.75 g Na2 SO4 . Second, the effect of Cr2 O3 concentration on the recovery of TiO2 of cattle feces by using two levels of Na2 SO4 addition was examined. The recovery of TiO2 decreased with the increase in the amount of Cr2 O3 at the 0.75 g Na2 SO4 level but was consistently high at 2.5 g Na2 SO4 . Third, the recovery of Cr2 O3 from cattle feces was checked. The recoveries of TiO2 and Cr2 O3 were high enough at the 2.5 g Na2 SO4 level. Fourth, the improved dry ash procedure (5 mL of concentrated H2 SO4 and 2.5 g of Na2 SO4 were used for sample digestion) was compared to the wet ash procedure. Average recovery of TiO2 by the improved dry ash procedure was significantly higher (P = 0.0077) than that by the wet ash procedure. Thus, the improved dry ash procedure can be used for TiO2 analysis in cattle feces containing Cr2 O3 .
authors.affiliation: NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohmori
authors.forename: Itoko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Fumihiro
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ohtani
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.forename: Fuminori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Terada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D017608:Chromium Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D014025:Titanium / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D017608:Chromium Compounds; C009495:titanium dioxide; C053245:chromium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: analytical procedure; chromium oxide; markers; sodium sulfate; titanium dioxide