title: MTHFR C677T polymorphism, folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine in recurrent pregnancy losses: a case control study among North Indian women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study attempts to understand the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T (MTHFR C677T) in recurrent pregnancy losses in North Indian women because of hyperhomocysteinemia in light of serum folate and vitamin B₁₂.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seven women with three or more consecutive unexplained recurrent pregnancy losses and 343 women with two or more successful and uncomplicated pregnancies were recruited. Plasma homocysteine, serum folate and vitamin B₁₂ were analyzed using chemiluminescence. MTHFR C677T detection was completed in all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MTHFR genotypic distribution among cases and controls showed no significant difference (P=0.409). However, MTHFR C677T polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with increased homocysteine in the case group (P=0.031). Hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamin B₁₂ deficiency were found to be significant risk factors for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) (OR=7.02 and 16.39, respectively). Folate deficiency was more common in controls (63.47%) as compared to the case group (2.56%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low vitamin B₁₂ increases homocysteine, specifically among T allele carrying case mothers, suggesting T allele is detrimental with B₁₂ deficiency. The study emphasizes the importance of vitamin B₁₂ in the prevention of RPL in North Indian women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Manju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puri
authors.forename: Lovejeet
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Gagandeep Kaur
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Walia
authors.forename: Rupak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mukhopadhhyay
authors.forename: Mohinder Pal
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Sachdeva
authors.forename: Shubha Sagar
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.forename: Pradeep Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Kallur Nava
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Saraswathy
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006712:Homocystinuria / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D007194:India; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011247:Pregnancy; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood*; D014806:Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006710:Homocysteine; D005492:Folic Acid; C573423:MTHFR protein, human; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D014805:Vitamin B 12