title: Early root surface colonization by human periodontal ligament fibroblasts following treatment with different biomaterials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present in-vitro study examined the effects of different biomaterials on early root surface colonization by human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts using confocal-laser-scanning-microscopy (CLSM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen periodontally-diseased teeth were extracted, treated with scaling/root planing and longitudinally cut to obtain 30 root fragments. Fragments were treated either with 24% EDTA following application of enamel matrix derivative (EMD), 24% EDTA or EMD only, nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (NHA) paste or oily calcium hydroxide suspension (OCHS) for 1 h each. The analogue untreated root specimens served as controls. Root fragments were incubated with human PDL fibroblasts and cellular proliferation and morphology were evaluated after 1, 3, 5 and 8 days using CLSM-visualization and image recognition software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of cellular proliferation was different among treatment modalities examined (p = 0.019). Except treatment with NHA paste all treatment modalities improved cellular proliferation on root surfaces at all different points of time compared with the control specimens. A significant difference between treatment modalities was observed between EMD and NHA paste (p = 0.008). No synergistic effect could be demonstrated comparing root surface conditioning with 24% EDTA and EMD application compared to 24% EDTA or EMD application only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results suggest that initial root surface colonization by PDL fibroblasts may be enhanced by root surface conditioning with 24% EDTA and application of EMD, application of 24% EDTA or EMD alone and OCHS. The addition of 24% EDTA for root surface conditioning prior to EMD application provided no synergistic effects in terms of early root surface colonization by PDL fibroblasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kasaj
authors.forename: Marcus O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dupont
authors.forename: Brita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Willershausen
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Krahn
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Götz
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeiler
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brüllmann
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duschner
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology*; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials