title: RETRACTED: Evaluation of the positive effects on insulin-resistance and β-cell measurements of vildagliptin in addition to metformin in type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: We evaluated the positive effects of vildagliptin in addition to metformin on glycemic control and β-cell function in type 2 diabetic patients. One hundred and seventy-one type 2 diabetic patients were instructed to add vildaglipin 50mg twice a day or placebo to metformin for 12 months. Body mass index (BMI), glycemic control, fasting plasma insulin (FPI), HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, fasting plasma proinsulin (FPPr), proinsulin/fasting plasma insulin ratio (Pr/FPI ratio), C-peptide, glucagon, vaspin, visfatin, and omentin-1 were evaluated. Before, and after 12 months since the addition of vildagliptin, patients underwent a combined euglycemic hyperinsulinemic and hyperglycemic clamp, with subsequent arginine stimulation. Vildagliptin+metformin were more effective than placebo+metformin in reducing body weight and BMI, glycemic control, HOMA-IR, glucagon and insulin resistance measurements. Vildagliptin+metformin gave also a better increase of HOMA-β, and of all β-cell parameters after the clamp. We also recorded a significant correlation between M value increase and the decrease of vaspin, visfatin, and omentin-1 obtained with vildagliptin+metformin. Vildagliptin, in addition to metformin, proved to be effective in improving β-cell function and in reducing insulin resistance measurements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. giuseppe.derosa@unipv.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Derosa
authors.forename: Pietro D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Ragonesi
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fogari
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Angelo
authors.forename: Arrigo F G
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cicero
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maffioli
mesh_terms: D000218:Adamantane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D037102:Lectins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood; D009570:Nitriles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015843:Serpins / Q000097:blood; D000077597:Vildagliptin
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C432397:ITLN1 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D037102:Lectins; D009570:Nitriles; D011759:Pyrrolidines; C507339:SERPINA12 protein, human; D015843:Serpins; D008687:Metformin; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human; D000077597:Vildagliptin; D000218:Adamantane