title: Radical protection in the visible and infrared by a hyperforin-rich cream--in vivo versus ex vivo methods.
abstract: The formation of radicals plays an important role in the development of atopic eczema or barrier-disrupted skin. We evaluated the radical scavenging effect of a cream containing a Hypericum perforatum extract rich in hyperforin in a double-blind placebo-controlled study on 11 healthy volunteers. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy was applied to determine radical formation during VIS/NIR irradiation of the inner forearm. The results were compared to ex vivo investigations on excised porcine ear skin after a single application of the creams. The non-treated skin was measured as control. The absolute values and the kinetics are not comparable for ex vivo and in vivo radical formation. Whereas in vivo, the radical production decreases with time, it remains stable ex vivo over the investigated timescale. Nevertheless, ex vivo methods could be developed to estimate the protection efficiency of creams. In vivo as well as ex vivo, the radical formation could be reduced by almost 80% when applying the hyperforin-rich cream onto the skin, whereas placebo resulted in about 60%. In vivo, a daylong protection effect could be validated after a 4-week application time of the cream indicating that a regular application is necessary to obtain the full effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arndt
authors.forename: Stefan F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Haag
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kleemann
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lademann
authors.forename: Martina C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Meinke
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020902:Hypericum / Q000737:chemistry*; D007259:Infrared Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008027:Light / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D010696:Phloroglucinol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D010919:Placebos; D063465:Skin Cream / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013552:Swine; D013729:Terpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010919:Placebos; D013729:Terpenes; D010696:Phloroglucinol; C001654:hyperforin