title: Identifying opportunities for cancer prevention during preadolescence and adolescence: puberty as a window of susceptibility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Early life exposures during times of rapid growth and development are recognized increasingly to impact later life. Epidemiologic studies document an association between exposures at critical windows of susceptibility with outcomes as diverse as childhood and adult obesity, timing of menarche, and risk for hypertension or breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  This article briefly reviews the concept of windows of susceptibility for providers who care for adolescent patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The theoretical bases for windows of susceptibility is examined, evaluating the relationship between pubertal change and breast cancer as a paradigm, and reviewing the underlying mechanisms, such as epigenetic modification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term sequela of responses to early exposures may impact other adult morbidities; addressing these exposures represents an important challenge for contemporary medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA. frank.biro@cchmc.org
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Biro
authors.forename: Julianna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deardorff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001940:Breast / Q000254:growth & development; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D010641:Phenotype; D011322:Primary Prevention; D011627:Puberty / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors