title: Species-specific toxicity of copper nanoparticles among mammalian and piscine cell lines.
abstract: The four copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) with the size of 25, 50, 78 and 100 nm and one type of micron-sized particles (MPs) (~500 nm) were exposed to two mammalian (H4IIE and HepG2) and two piscine (PLHC-1 and RTH-149) cell lines to test the species-specific toxicities of CuNPs. The results showed that the morphologies, ion release and size of the particles all played an important role when investigating the toxicity. Furthermore, the authors found that the particle forms of CuNPs in suspensions highly contribute to the toxicity in all exposed cell lines whereas copper ions (Cu(2+)) only caused significant responses in mammalian cell lines, indicating the species-specific toxicity of CuNPs. This study revealed that the morphologies, ion release rate of NPs as well as the species-specific vulnerabilities of cells should all be considered when explaining and extrapolating toxicity test results among particles and among species.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), University Leiden , Leiden , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.forename: Maria L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fernández-Cruz
authors.forename: Martina G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Vijver
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: Estefanía
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Conde
authors.forename: Geert R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: de Snoo
authors.forename: Willie J G M
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Peijnenburg
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Navas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D023781:Fundulidae; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D003300:Copper