title: Aflatoxin M₁ in breast milk of nursing Sudanese mothers.
abstract: The presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in the breast milk of nursing Sudanese mothers was investigated using AOAC official method 980.21 as the extraction method and HPLC with fluorescence detector for separation and detection. Following informed consent, 94 breast milk samples of mothers were collected, and 51 samples were found to be positive for AFM1, with an average concentration of 0.401 ± 0.525 ng g(-1) and a maximum level of 2.561 ng g(-1). The volunteers completed a questionnaire concerning their dietary preferences. The data collected suggest that peanut butter, vegetable oils and rice are the main sources responsible for the AFM1 burden in breast milk. The toxin levels are alarmingly high, and indicate that Sudanese infants are exposed to high levels of AFM1. A wide range of harmful effects, and consequently health problems, can be expected due AFM1 toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Ministry of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan. aminosman81@gmail.com
authors.forename: Amin O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Elzupir
authors.forename: Abdel Rouf A
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Abas
authors.forename: M Hemmat
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Fadul
authors.forename: Abueliz K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Modwi
authors.forename: Nima M I
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Afaf F F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Jadian
authors.forename: Nuha Abd A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Smah Y A
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Nousiba A M
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Arwa A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khairy
authors.forename: Eltahir A G
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Khalil
mesh_terms: D016607:Aflatoxin M1 / Q000032:analysis*; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D013397:Sudan; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D016607:Aflatoxin M1