title: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) attend typically to faces and objects presented within their picture communication systems.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may require interventions for communication difficulties. One type of intervention is picture communication symbols which are proposed to improve comprehension of linguistic input for children with ASD. However, atypical attention to faces and objects is widely reported across the autism spectrum for several types of stimuli.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study we used eye-tracking methodology to explore fixation duration and time taken to fixate on the object and face areas within picture communication symbols. Twenty-one children with ASD were compared with typically developing matched groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with ASD were shown to have similar fixation patterns on face and object areas compared with typically developing matched groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is proposed that children with ASD attend to the images in a manner that does not differentiate them from typically developing individuals. Therefore children with and without autism have the same opportunity to encode the available information. We discuss what this may imply for interventions using picture symbols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gillespie-Smith
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Riby
authors.forename: P J B
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hancock
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Doherty-Sneddon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003071:Cognition; D003142:Communication; D003147:Communication Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014796:Visual Perception
keywords: autism spectrum disorder; cognitive behaviour; communication; eye-tracking