title: Comparison of organ location, morphology, and rib coverage of a midsized male in the supine and seated positions.
abstract: The location and morphology of abdominal organs due to postural changes have implications in the prediction of trauma via computational models. The purpose of this study is to use data from a multimodality image set to devise a method for examining changes in organ location, morphology, and rib coverage from the supine to seated postures. Medical images of a male volunteer (78.6 ± 0.77 kg, 175 cm) in three modalities (Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Upright MRI) were used. Through image segmentation and registration, an analysis between organs in each posture was conducted. For the organs analyzed (liver, spleen, and kidneys), location was found to vary between postures. Increases in rib coverage from the supine to seated posture were observed for the liver, with a 9.6% increase in a lateral projection and a 4.6% increase in a frontal projection. Rib coverage area was found to increase 11.7% for the spleen. Morphological changes in the organs were also observed. The liver expanded 7.8% cranially and compressed 3.4% and 5.2% in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions, respectively. Similar trends were observed in the spleen and kidneys. These findings indicate that the posture of the subject has implications in computational human body model development.
authors.affiliation: Virginia Tech, Wake Forest University Center for Injury Biomechanics, 575 N. Patterson Avenue Suite 120, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: F Scott
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Gayzik
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: R Shayn
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Joel D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Stitzel
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000328:Adult; D019295:Computational Biology; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007668:Kidney / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011187:Posture; D012272:Ribs / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D013124:Spinal Injuries / Q000473:pathology; D013154:Spleen / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D016683:Supine Position; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000706:statistics & numerical data