title: Maternal plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, angiogenic factors, and preeclampsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to examine the associations of maternal plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction indicators: soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), placental growth factor (PlGF), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and risk of preeclampsia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective cohort study (n = 697), maternal plasma 25(OH)D levels were measured at 12-18 and 24-26 weeks; sFlt-1, PlGF, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 levels were measured at 24-26 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal PlGF levels were significantly lower in women with 25(OH)D less than 50 nmol/L at 12-18 weeks (median, 449.5 vs 507.9 pg/mL, P = 0.04) and 24-26 weeks (median, 450.4 vs 522.5 pg/mL, P = 0.007). Both maternal 25(OH)D and PlGF levels were inversely associated with the risk of preeclampsia (both P < .05). However, based on a test of interaction, there was no evidence that the association between vitamin D and preeclampsia depended on the level of PlGF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal vitamin D deficiency is associated with low PlGF levels and increased preeclampsia risk. However, our data do not support the hypothesis that the association between vitamin D deficiency and preeclampsia is mediated by impaired angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. shu.qin.wei@umontreal.ca
authors.forename: Shu-Qin
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Audibert
authors.forename: Zhong-Cheng
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Anne Monique
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nuyt
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Masse
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Julien
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Fraser
mesh_terms: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000097:blood; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; C000608036:PGF protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D014807:Vitamin D; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D; C501162:FLT1 protein, human; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1