title: Dietary quality among Tehranian adults in relation to lipid profile: findings from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
abstract: The prevalence of dyslipidaemia has been increasing in developing countries that are undergoing nutrition transition. However, the association of diet quality and lipid profile has not been well-understood in these countries. The aim of the current study was to compare the ability of three diet quality indices--the Mediterranean diet scale (MDS), healthy eating index-2005 (HEI-2005), and diet quality index-international (DQI-I) in relation to changes in lipid profile between baseline and 6.7 years of follow-up. Baseline data from two 24-hour dietary recalls provided by 469 adults with mean age of 38.7 +/- 12.3 years, who were participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, were analyzed to describe dietary intakes. Data on anthropometry, sociodemography, physical activity, and other lifestyle variables were recorded, and a comparison of baseline and follow-up data revealed changes in the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-G), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). A general linear model was used in assessing changes in lipid profile depending on adherence to diet quality indices at baseline, after adjustment for age, smoking status, waist-circumference, body mass index, physical activity, and energy intake. A significant interaction was observed between scores and sex, and upon stratification, males in the highest quartile score of the HEI-2005 had significantly lower TG changes than those in the lowest quartile, after adjusting for confounders (-8.8 vs 2.9, p = 0.038). No association was apparent in females (-0.2 vs 11.2, p = 0.297). In addition, a positive association was found between DQI-I and HDL-C (Q1-0.6 vs Q4 = -2.0, p = 0.044) in males. In both sexes, all these indices were weakly associated with TC while none was associated with LDL-C. It is concluded: adherence to the HEI-2005 recommendations was weakly associated with reduced TG concentration in an urban Iranian adult population. The MDS and DQI-I were not related to change in lipid profile.
authors.affiliation: Obesity Research Center, Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Golaleh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Asghari
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mirmiran
authors.forename: Firoozeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hosseni-Esfahani
authors.forename: Pantea
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nazeri
authors.forename: Mahya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehran
authors.forename: Fereidoun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azizi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D015930:Diet Records; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol