title: Neuroprotective activity of Stereospermum suaveolens against global cerebral ischemia rat model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stereospermum suaveolens DC. (Bignoniaceae) is a medicinal tree species native to India. Traditionally, the whole plant is used for various diseases including neuronal disorders.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study evaluated the neuroprotective activity of Stereospermum suaveolens against global cerebral ischemia in a rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neuroprotective activity was carried out by global cerebral ischemia on Sprague-Dawley rats and divided into five groups of eight rats each; sham and control groups received normal saline (10 ml/kg) and treated groups received methanol extract of Stereospermum suaveolens (MES) orally (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) for 10 days prior to the experiment. Global cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral carotid artery (BCA) occlusion for 30 min followed by 4-h reperfusion. The antioxidant enzymatic and non-enzymatic levels were estimated by UV spectroscopic method along with cerebral infarction area; histopathological studies were carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LD₅₀ of MES was found to be 5000 mg/kg of body weight. The entire test was performed at dose levels 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of body weight. The results of the study indicate that the Stereospermum suaveolens methanol extract showed neuroprotective activity by a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (p < 0.001) and an increase in superoxide dismutase (p < 0.01), catalase (p < 0.01), glutathione (p < 0.001), and total thiol (p < 0.001) levels in extract-treated groups as compared to control group. Measurement of cerebral infarction area and histopathological studies further supported the protective effect of the extract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest a potential protective role of Stereospermum suaveolens against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hanagal Shri Kumareshwar College of Pharmacy, B.V.V.S Campus, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India. mallu.sha007@gmail.com
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Shalavadi
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Chandrashekhar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramkishan
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Nidavani
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Biradar
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D029402:Bignoniaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007194:India; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts