title: Mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. associated with Fusarium head blight of wheat in Western Australia.
abstract: An isolated occurrence of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat was detected in the south-west region of Western Australia during the 2003 harvest season. The molecular identity of 23 isolates of Fusarium spp. collected from this region during the FHB outbreak confirmed the associated pathogens to be F. graminearum, F. acuminatum or F. tricinctum. Moreover, the toxicity of their crude extracts from Czapek-Dox liquid broth and millet seed cultures to brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) was associated with high mortality levels. The main mycotoxins detected were type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol), enniatins, chlamydosporol and zearalenone. This study is the first report on the mycotoxin profiles of Fusarium spp. associated with FHB of wheat in Western Australia. This study highlights the need for monitoring not just for the presence of the specific Fusarium spp. present in any affected grain but also for their potential mycotoxin and other toxic secondary metabolites.
authors.affiliation: School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: Diana C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Gavin R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Flematti
authors.forename: Emilio L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Ghisalberti
authors.forename: Krishnapillai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sivasithamparam
authors.forename: Sukumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: Friday
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Obanor
authors.forename: Kithsiri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jayasena
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Barbetti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019306:Artemisia / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D047630:Depsipeptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000633:toxicity; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000382:microbiology*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000633:toxicity; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D011753:Pyrones / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000633:toxicity; D014908:Triticum / Q000382:microbiology*; D014904:Western Australia; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D047630:Depsipeptides; D009183:Mycotoxins; D011753:Pyrones; D014255:Trichothecenes; C100264:enniatins; C065449:chlamydosporal; C043247:3-acetyldeoxynivalenol; D015025:Zearalenone; C007262:deoxynivalenol