title: Paradichlorobenzene (toxin)-induced leucoencephalopathy.
abstract: A 40-year-old woman with a history of polysubstance abuse, hypertension, depression and anxiety with panic attacks admitted to the emergency room at the request of her primary physician owing to progressive decline in her mental status associated with anorexia and generalised pruritic skin rashes. Initial outpatient workup and that during two previous hospital admissions including thyroid function and syphilis tests, urine toxicology screen and brain imaging studies were unremarkable. Repeat MRI of the brain during her third hospital admission showed diffuse periventricular and white matter disease. This prompted further questioning of family members which revealed chronic ingestion of mothballs and toilet cakes containing paradichlorobenzene in the patient leading to toxin-induced leucoencephalopathy consistent with her neurological symptoms of altered mental status, ataxic gait, cogwheel rigidity in the arms and characteristic skin rashes. Subsequently, a feeding tube was placed to address her worsening nutritional status and she was discharged home in a stable state.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA. buckmanf@ecu.edu
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Buckman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002722:Chlorobenzenes / Q000506:poisoning*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D056784:Leukoencephalopathies / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging
chemical_list: D002722:Chlorobenzenes; C018511:4-dichlorobenzene