title: Effects of serum and autologous conditioned serum on equine articular chondrocytes treated with interleukin-1β.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of autologous equine serum (AES) and autologous conditioned serum (ACS) on equine articular chondrocyte metabolism when stimulated with recombinant human (rh) interleukin (IL)-1β.
  
  
  METHODS
  Articular cartilage and nonconditioned and conditioned serum from 6 young adult horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cartilage samples were digested, and chondrocytes were isolated and formed into pellets. Chondrocyte pellets were treated with each of the following: 10% AES, 10% AES and rhIL-1β, 20% AES and rhIL-1β, 10% ACS and rhIL-1β, and 20% ACS and rhIL-1β, and various effects of these treatments were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recombinant human IL-1β treatment led to a decrease in chondrocyte glycosaminoglycan synthesis and collagen II mRNA expression and an increase in medium matrix metalloproteinase-3 activity and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression. When results of ACS and rhIL-1β treatment were compared with those of AES and rhIL-1β treatment, no difference was evident in glycosaminoglycan release, total glycosaminoglycan concentration, total DNA content, or matrix metalloproteinase-3 activity. A significant increase was found in chondrocyte glycosaminoglycan synthesis with 20% AES and rhIL-1β versus 10% ACS and rhIL-1β. The medium from ACS and rhIL-1β treatment had a higher concentration of IL-1β receptor antagonist, compared with medium from AES and rhIL-1β treatment. Treatment with 20% ACS and rhIL-1β resulted in a higher medium insulin-like growth factor-I concentration than did treatment with 10% AES and rhIL-1β. No difference in mRNA expression was found between ACS and rhIL-1β treatment and AES and rhIL-1β treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minimal beneficial effects of ACS treatment on proteoglycan matrix metabolism in equine chonrocytes were evident, compared with the effects of AES treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: Allison A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Kelly L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: Sushmitha S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Durgam
authors.forename: Holly C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Pondenis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006736:Horses; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3