title: The effect of plasma-nitrided titanium surfaces on osteoblastic cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation.
abstract: In this study, we evaluated the effect of new plasma-nitrided Ti surfaces on the progression of osteoblast cultures, including cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Ti surfaces were treated using two plasma-nitriding protocols, hollow cathode for 3 h (HC 3 h) and 1 h (HC 1 h) and planar for 1 h. Untreated Ti surfaces were used as control. Cells derived from human alveolar and rat calvarial bones were cultured on Ti surfaces for periods of up to 14 days and the following parameters were evaluated: cell morphology, adhesion, spreading and proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, extracellular matrix mineralization, and gene expression of key osteoblast markers. Plasma-nitriding treatments resulted in Ti surfaces with distinct physicochemical characteristics. The cell adhesion and ALP activity were higher on plasma-nitrided Ti surfaces compared with untreated one, whereas cell proliferation and extracellular matrix mineralization were not affected by the treatments. In addition, the plasma-nitrided Ti surfaces increased the ALP, reduced the osteocalcin and did not affect the Runx2 gene expression. We have shown that HC 3 h and planar Ti surfaces slightly favored the osteoblast differentiation process, and then these surfaces should be considered for further investigation using preclinical models.
authors.affiliation: Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, 14040-904, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emanuela P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.forename: Juliana C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sa
authors.forename: Paulo T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Clodomiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Marcio M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Beloti
authors.forename: Adalberto L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rosa
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D058626:Plasma Gases; D015675:Osteocalcin; C041500:titanium nitride; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: osseointegration; osteoblast; plasma nitriding; surface treatment; titanium