title: What has changed in pediatric kidney transplantation in Turkey? Experience of an evolving center.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reluctance to perform kidney transplantations on children is an ongoing problem in Turkey. Moreover, urological pathologies still constitute the largest portion of the underlying etiologies in chronic renal failure patients. Herein, we retrospective analyzed the data acquired from our pediatric renal transplantation patients and reviewed the registry of dialysis and transplantation data prepared by the Turkish Society of Nephrology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six living donor kidney transplantations were performed in children between 2008 and 2012. Seventeen of 46 (37%) transplantations were preemptive. The mean age at operation time was 10.8 ± 5 years. The mean patient weight was 31.3 ± 15.8 kg (range, 9.4 to 66.4 kg). A detailed urologic evaluation was performed for every child with an underlying lower urinary tract disease. One enterocystoplasty and 2 ureterocystoplasties were performed for augmentation of the bladder, simultaneously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-year death-censored graft survival and patient survival rates were 100% and 97.8%, respectively. The mean serum creatinine level was 0.86 ± 0.32 mg/dL (range, 0.3 to 1.8 mg/dL). None of the patients had vascular complications or acute tubular necrosis. One patient suffered graft-versus-host disease during the second month after renal transplantation and died with a functioning graft. In one patient with massive proteinuria detected after transplantation, recurrence of primary disease (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis) was considered and the patient was treated successfully with plasmapheresis. One child had an acute cellular rejection and was administered pulse steroid treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although challenging, all patients in all pediatric age groups can successfully be operated and managed. With careful surgical technique, close postoperative follow-up, and efforts by the experienced and respectful surgical teams in this country, we could change the negative trends toward perform kidney transplantation in the Turkish pediatric population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Solid Organ Transplantation, Istanbul Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. arpemre@gmail.com
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arpali
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kocak
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karatas
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanmaz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nayir
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalayoğlu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D014421:Turkey