title: Clinicopathologic significance of putative stem cell marker, CD44 and CD133, in human gastric carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  CD44 and CD133 have been reported as putative stem cell markers. However, the clinicopathologic significance of CD44 and CD133 expression in patients with gastric carcinoma (GC) has not been clearly elucidated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to investigate the CD44 and CD133 expression in gastric carcinomas and normal mucosal tissues. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, spearman's rank correlation, Kaplan-Meier plots, and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to analyze the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highly expressed CD44 and CD133 were observed in 27/152 (17.7%) and 64/152 (42.1%) of GCs and in 4/60 (6.7%) and 15/60 (25.0%) normal gastric mucosal tissues, respectively (P < 0.05, Fisher's exact test). High expression of CD44 was significantly correlated with tumor poorer differentiation, presence of distant metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and tumor relapse; and high expression of CD133 was positively associated with tumor invasion depth, presence of distant metastasis and advanced TNM stage. More importantly, high-expressed CD44 and CD133 were both associated with shorter survival as evidenced by univariate and multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study introduces high expression of CD44 and CD133 as adverse independent prognostic factors in GC patients. The combined CD44 and CD133 expression may become a useful tool for identifying patients with different clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jing-Hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Xing-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Xiao-Shi
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jing-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Ying-Bo
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Mu-Yan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000032:analysis*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C497483:CD44 protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides