title: Late onset cerebrospinal fluid leakage associated with past head injury.
abstract: Late onset cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, such as rhinorrhea or otorrhea, is a rare complication of closed head injury. We encountered two cases of delayed CSF leakage more than 10 years after head injury. In both cases, surgical treatments were performed using intradural approaches, and the dural defects were closed with viable pedicled flaps. After surgery, the CSF leakage was completely cured and no remarkable complication was observed in either case. The present two cases of late onset CSF leakage suggest that surgical repair procedures should be performed as soon as the leaks are discovered. A bifrontal intracranial approach is recommended to treat frontal cranial base leakage. Temporal craniotomy is recommended to treat temporal base leakage. All cases should be treated using an intradural approach, and the dural defect is best repaired with viable pedicled flaps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical Center Jichi Medical University, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamochi
authors.forename: Gen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kusaka
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Sane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002558:Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003399:Craniotomy; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009777:Occipital Bone / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D060051:Occupational Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010579:Petrous Bone / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed