title: Bone mineral density in postmenopausal Mexican-Mestizo women with normal body mass index, overweight, or obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity and osteoporosis are two important public health problems that greatly impact mortality and morbidity. Several similarities between these complex diseases have been identified. The aim of this study was to analyze if different body mass indexes (BMIs) are associated with variations in bone mineral density (BMD) among postmenopausal Mexican-Mestizo women with normal weight, overweight, or different degrees of obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 813 postmenopausal Mexican-Mestizo women. A structured questionnaire for risk factors was applied. Height and weight were used to calculate BMI, whereas BMD in the lumbar spine (LS) and total hip (TH) was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. We used ANCOVA to examine the relationship between BMI and BMDs of the LS, TH, and femoral neck (FN), adjusting for confounding factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on World Health Organization criteria, 15.13% of women had normal BMI, 39.11% were overweight, 25.96% had grade 1 obesity, 11.81% had grade 2 obesity, and 7.99% had grade 3 obesity. The higher the BMI, the higher was the BMD at the LS, TH, and FN. The greatest differences in size variations in BMD at these three sites were observed when comparing women with normal BMI versus women with grade 3 obesity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher BMI is associated significantly and positively with a higher BMD at the LS, TH, and FN.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Obesidad, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, DF México.
authors.forename: Juan Pablo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Méndez
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rojano-Mejía
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pedraza
authors.forename: Ramón Mauricio
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Coral-Vázquez
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-García
authors.forename: María Del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Aguirre-García
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coronel
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Canto
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000502:physiology; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000502:physiology; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000503:physiopathology; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People