title: The CYRM-12: a brief measure of resilience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article details the reduction of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM) from a 28-item to a 12-item measure. The CYRM-28 is a measure of youth resilience that accounts for cultural and contextual diversity across youth populations. A reduced version of the CYRM is better suited to inclusion in omnibus surveys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from two samples of youth from Atlantic Canada are included in the analysis: a) a sample of multiple-service-using youth (n=122; mean age = 18); b) a school-based sample of youth (n=1494; mean age = 15).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three iterations of an Exploratory Factor Analysis were conducted on data from the first sample of youth to identify items for inclusion in the CYRM-12. In the third analysis, a varimax rotated factor analysis of the 12 items resulted in a four-factor solution, with 10 of the items loading well. Reliability of this grouping of questions is satisfactory (α=0.754). Confirmatory factor analysis was then conducted on the second sample of youth. A satisfactory fit was obtained (χ² (51, N=1540) = 255.419, p=0.0001; Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index = 0.960; Comparative Fit Index = 0.957; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.050). Cronbach's Alpha for the 12 items was also satisfactory (α=0.840).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results show sufficient content validity of the CYRM-12 to merit its use as a screener for resilience processes in the lives of adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Resilience Research Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS. Linda.Liebenberg@dal.ca
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liebenberg
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ungar
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002170:Canada; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012306:Risk; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM); adolescents; adversity; positive development; risk; validity