title: Pacifiers: a review of risks vs benefits.
abstract: Pacifiers, otherwise known as dummies, have been around for many centuries. They have, however, taken many different forms, shapes and sizes. Their use is increasing and has remained controversial, with both potential risks and benefits identified in the medical and dental literature. The purpose of this article is to review some of the evidence available for and against the use of pacifiers and make recommendations for their application, maintenance and weaning. CLNICAL RELEVANCE: Dental healthcare professionals need to consider the evidence available for and against pacifiers when making recommendations to patients and their parents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Birmingham Dental Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Arian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gederi
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Coomaraswamy
authors.forename: P John
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000502:physiology; D041361:Pacifiers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013391:Sucking Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000209:etiology