title: Mortality rate of lip, oral cavity and pharynx malignant tumors in Serbia within a period 1991-2009.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lip, oral cavity and pharynx malignant tumors account for 3.7% of all cancer deaths worldwide, with significant geographic variations in frequency and distribution. The aim of this descriptive epidemiologic study was to analyze the mortality rate of lip, oral cavity and pharynx malignant tumors in Serbia proper within a period 1991-2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mortality rates standardized directly using the world population as the standard were used in data analysis. Linear trend and regression analyses were used to analyze rate trends in mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Serbian population demonstrated an increase in the mortality of lip, oral cavity and pharynx malignant tumors (y = 3.32 + U.03x; p = 0.002; average annual percent change = + 0.8). The male population showed a significant increase in mortality trend (y = 5.90 + 0.03x; p = 0.020; % change = + 0.9), while the female population did not show a significant increase in mortality. The male/female cancer mortality ratio was 5.5:1. Mortality rates for lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer increased with age in both genders, with rates being the highest in the population aged 85 and older. Increasing trends of lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer mortality were observed in males aged 50-54; the average annual percent change was + 7.4% (95% CI, 6.2-9.0). The population of both genders aged 55-59 demonstrated an increase in lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer mortality, the increase being + 1.8% (95% CI, 1.4-2.2) in men and + 34.30% (95% CI, 28.4-40.2) in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increasing trend in lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer mortality points to the necessity to investigate etiology and improve primary and secondary prevention measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia. drmilenailic@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ilić
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Radević
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stefanović
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cirković
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zurovac
authors.forename: Borivoje
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Savić
authors.forename: Vladan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kovacević
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008048:Lip Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult