title: Intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion requirements in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery.
abstract: Procedures for the surgical correction of dentofacial deformities may produce important complications, whether due to the potential for vascular injury or to prolonged surgery, both of which may lead to severe blood loss. Fluid replacement with crystalloid, colloid, or even blood products may be required. The aim of this study was to assess blood loss and transfusion requirements in 45 patients (18 males and 27 females; mean age 29.29 years, range 16-52 years) undergoing orthognathic surgery, assigned to one of two groups according to procedure type-rapid maxillary expansion or double-jaw orthognathic surgery. Preoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and intraoperative blood loss were measured. There was a substantial individual variation in pre- and postoperative hemoglobin values (10.3-17 and 8.8-15.4 g/dL, respectively; p < 0.05). Mean hematocrit values were 41.53 % preoperatively (range 31.3-50.0 %) and 36.56 % postoperatively (range 25-43.8 %) (p < 0.05). Mean blood loss was 274.60 mL (range 45-855 mL). Only two patients required blood transfusion. Although blood loss and transfusion requirements were minimal in the present study, surgical teams should monitor the duration of surgery and follow meticulous protocols to minimize the risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil, leobucomaxilo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Leonardo Perez
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Faverani
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramalho-Ferreira
authors.forename: André Luis Silva
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fabris
authors.forename: Tárik Ocon Braga
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Polo
authors.forename: Guilherme Henrique Souza
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Poli
authors.forename: Cláudio Maldonado
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Pastori
authors.forename: Clóvis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marzola
authors.forename: Wirley Gonçalves
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Assunção
authors.forename: Idelmo Rangel
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Garcia-Júnior
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063168:Mandibular Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D063166:Maxillary Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D061646:Operative Time; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins