title: Genesee County REACH Windshield Tours: enhancing health professionals understanding of community conditions that influence infant mortality.
abstract: The Genesee County Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) program is a community-based program designed to reduce African American infant mortality rates in Flint, Michigan. Genesee County REACH activities address three core themes: fostering community mobilization, reducing racism, and enhancing the maternal-infant health care system. The REACH Community Action Plan was generated using a community-based participatory approach, and is based on a socio-ecological model with interventions focused at the individual, organizational, health system, and community levels. Genesee County REACH's Community Windshield Tours were developed to raise awareness of social and environmental barriers to health promotion among health care system staff in Flint, Michigan. These tours provide a close-up examination of the community's environmental conditions and the experiences of mothers, children, and families at risk for poor birth outcomes. In this article, we report our findings from pre-/post-tour surveys, as well as long-term follow-up surveys, to assess the impact of this REACH activity on participants' knowledge and beliefs about Genesee County residents, and to determine any resultant individual, policy, system, or environmental changes. We used t tests to compare participants' responses before and after the tours. We found that several individual- and systems-level changes have resulted from these tours, reflecting greater cultural sensitivity and increased understanding of patients' circumstances. African American infant mortality rates in Genesee County declined to a historic low in 2005, and they remain lower than in previous years. Although REACH coalition partners recognize that this reduction cannot be attributed to a single intervention or activity, REACH activities such as the Community Windshield Tours addressing multiple levels of the socio-ecological model may have had a synergistic effect.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA. djk2012@gmail.com
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kruger
authors.forename: Tonya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: French-Turner
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brownlee
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research / Q000379:methods; D003625:Data Collection; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006282:Health Personnel; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D008824:Michigan / Q000453:epidemiology; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D035862:Vulnerable Populations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data