title: Prospective Analysis Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its Risk Factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since the early nineties, a new methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has existed in a form correlating with community health personnel. Community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) could be differentiated from healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) microbiologically, epidemiologically, and molecularly.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence, risk factors of MRSA infections in community and hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The incidence and risk factors for CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA among patients of medical, surgical, and pediatrics wards and ICU at a Kuwaiti teaching hospital between 1 March 2011 and 30 November 2011 were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cultures for MRSA were taken from nasal (nostril), groin, axilla, wound, sputum, or throat, and the inguinal area in all enrolled patients upon admission. All preserved isolates were examined for their susceptibility to different types of antibiotics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A total of 71 MRSA patients admitted to different hospital wards were examined. Among these patients, 52 (73.2%) were carriers of MRSA before they were admitted to the hospital. Nineteen patients (26.8%) were found to have acquired MRSA during their stay in the hospital. Twenty-nine patients (40.8%) were given mupirocin local skin antibiotic. Binomial and the t-test (paired) were used to compare the prevalence of CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA; significant correlation (P < 0.05) between the type of MRSA and different wards, sites, and lengths of hospital stay was found. The level of serum albumin that is routinely measured at hospital admission is a predictor to MRSA infection. This study suggests that S. aureus and MRSA should become a national priority for disease control to avoid outbreaks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, General Science Unit, College of Nursing, PAAET, Kuwait ; On Tenured Leave from Women's College for Arts,Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Soad A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.forename: Khulood K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Al-Asfoor
authors.forename: Mona F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Salama
authors.forename: Bashayer M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Al-Awadi
keywords: Community acquired; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Nosocomial; Risk factors