title: Functionalized diamond nanopowder for phosphopeptides enrichment from complex biological fluids.
abstract: Diamond is known for its high affinity and biocompatibility towards biomolecules and is used exclusively in separation sciences and life science research. In present study, diamond nanopowder is derivatized as Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatographic (IMAC) material for the phosphopeptides enrichment and as Reversed Phase (C-18) media for the desalting of complex mixtures and human serum profiling through MALDI-TOF-MS. Functionalized diamond nanopowder is characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Diamond-IMAC is applied to the standard protein (β-casein), spiked human serum, egg yolk and non-fat milk for the phosphopeptides enrichment. Results show the selectivity of synthesized IMAC-diamond immobilized with Fe(3+) and La(3+) ions. To comprehend the elaborated use, diamond-IMAC is also applied to the serum samples from gall bladder carcinoma for the potential biomarkers. Database search is carried out by the Mascot program (www.matrixscience.com) for the assignment of phosphorylation sites. Diamond nanopowder is thus a separation media with multifunctional use and can be applied to cancer protein profiling for the diagnosis and biomarker identification.
authors.affiliation: Division of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Dilshad
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Najam-ul-Haq
authors.forename: Fahmida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jabeen
authors.forename: Muhammad N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Ashiq
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Athar
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rainer
authors.forename: Christian W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Huck
authors.forename: Guenther K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Bonn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002364:Caseins / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; D018130:Diamond / Q000737:chemistry*; D004530:Egg Yolk / Q000378:metabolism; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010748:Phosphopeptides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D007477:Ions; D010748:Phosphopeptides; D012709:Serum Albumin; D007811:Lanthanum; D018130:Diamond