title: Catalytic dehydration of carbohydrates on in situ exfoliatable layered niobic acid in an aqueous system under microwave irradiation.
abstract: A simple and efficient microwave-assisted HNb(3)O(8) catalytic process is proposed for the dehydration of carbohydrates in the aqueous phase. A 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) yield of 55.9 % was achieved at a high substrate/catalyst weight ratio of 50 from a 10 wt % fructose solution, which is close to the yield achieved by homogeneous aqueous systems. The critical factor for this performance is the fast in situ exfoliation of layered HNb(3)O(8) with the aid of microwave irradiation, which leads to quasi-homogeneous catalytic behavior. Importantly, the catalytic system is also applicable for the one-pot production of HMF from di- and polysaccharides, such as inulin, through a consecutive hydrolysis-dehydration reaction. Additionally, the unique restacking feature of the exfoliated HNb(3)O(8) ensures the good reusability of the catalyst.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
authors.forename: Qingbin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yani
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jinhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Zhijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yahong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D003890:Desiccation; D005632:Fructose / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D008872:Microwaves; D009556:Niobium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009556:Niobium; D014867:Water; D005632:Fructose; C008046:5-hydroxymethylfurfural; D005662:Furaldehyde