title: Clinical evaluation and feasibility of changing intraoperative visibility with a novel viewing filter system for human eye.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was conducted to develop a new viewing system as a clinical prototype that enables visibility during surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The system was composed of several filters attached to the microscope. This nonrandomized, retrospective, observational case series study involved 33 eyes from 32 patients who presented with various diseases and underwent surgery. The authors evaluated the changes in visualization focusing on controlling intraoperative visibility under air infusion and enhancing Brilliant Blue G staining focusing a sharp-cut filter Y (SCY). Visibility was compared under various surgical conditions, including cataract surgery, both with and without this system. Quantitative analysis of changes in intraoperative reflection including halation under air infusion and Brilliant Blue G intensity was carried out using the International Commission on Illumination 1976 (L*, a*, b*) color space method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A SCY reduced the reflection and halation by a maximum of 69.6%, when compared with use of no filter under air infusion (P < 0.01). The color difference between Brilliant Blue G-stained and nonstained areas was improved by 127.8% relative to values with no filter and using SCY (P < 0.01) in macular hole cases. Furthermore, in cataract surgery with corneal opacity, improvement of visibility was observed by SCY insertion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The system improved intraoperative visibility under air infusion and the Brilliant Blue G staining intensity by use of SCY during vitrectomy.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan; †Department of Technology & Development, Hoya Corporation Medical Division, Funado, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan; ‡Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Medical School, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; §Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan; ¶Ohshima Hospital of Ophthalmology, Kamigofuku-machi, Hakata-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Enaida
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hachisuka
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadonosono
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000601:surgery; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000601:surgery; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000601:surgery; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C004692:coomassie Brilliant Blue