title: Correlation of volume, position of stone, and hydronephrosis with microhematuria in patients with solitary urolithiasis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between hematuria and volume, position of stone, and hydronephrosis in patients with a solitary stone, using unenhanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study evaluated the clinical and radiological records of 83 patients undergoing MDCT for the evaluation of acute flank pain and suspected renal colic, who also underwent a microscopic urinalysis at the emergency department of our hospital during a 1-year period. Inclusion criteria of the MDCT study were solitary urolithiasis and cumulative stone diameter under 1 cm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 83 patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 42.1±14.4 years; 48 (57.8%) were females and 35 (42.2%) were males. Detection of 5 or more red cells on urinalysis was regarded as microscopic hematuria, and was positive in 46 patients (55.4%). There was a positive correlation between the position of the stone (especially upper two-thirds ureteral stones) and microhematuria rate (r: 0.28, p=0.009). There was a statistically significant difference in presence of hydronephrosis between the microhematuria (36 patients, 78%) and non-microhematuria (12 patients, 32%) groups (p<0.001). The median stone volume between the microhematuria and non-microhematuria groups were not statistically different, 37.5 mm3 (range 5-425) and 28 mm3 (range 4-412), respectively (p=0.39).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although stone volume is one of the best indicators of stone burden, it was not correlated with microhematuria. However, in patients with renal colic, microhematuria requires ultrasound examination whether hydronephrosis and ureteral stones are present or not. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Sutcu Imam University Medical School, Department of Radiology, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. drfatihinci@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mehmet Fatih
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Inci
authors.forename: Fuat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Mustafa Haki
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sucakli
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Altunoluk
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okumus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*