title: Recurrent well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: The incidence of Well-differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma (WDTC) has been increasing over the past several decades. Consequently, so has the incidence of recurrence, which ranges from 15% to 30%. Factors leading to increased risk of recurrence are well described. However, the impact of local and regional recurrence is not well understood, but distant recurrence dramatically reduces 10-year survival to 50%. Recurrent WDTC has several established options for treatment; Observation, Radioactive Iodine (RAI), Surgery and External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT). Novel treatments such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and percutaneous ultrasound-guided ethanol injection (PUEI) are beginning to gain popularity and have promising early results. A review of the current literature, outcome measurements and a strategy for revision surgery within the central neck compartment are discussed within this manuscript.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Matthew J R
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Magarey
authors.forename: Jeremy L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Freeman
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D012008:Recurrence; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery