title: Bone morphogenetic proteins and the polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is defined by two out of the following three criteria being met: oligo- or anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. Affected women are often obese and insulin resistant. Although the etiology is still unknown, members of the Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) family, including Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), have been implicated to play a role. In this pilot study we aimed to measure serum BMP levels in PCOS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients, fulfilling the definition of PCOS according to the Rotterdam Criteria, were randomly selected. Serum BMP2, -4, -6 and -7 levels were measured using commercially available BMP2, BMP4, BMP6 and BMP7 immunoassays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum BMP2, serum BMP4 and serum BMP6 levels were undetectable. Three patients had detectable serum BMP7 levels, albeit at the lower limit of the standard curve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMP levels were undetectable in almost all patients. This suggests that with the current sensitivity of the BMP assays, measurement of serum BMP levels is not suitable as a diagnostic tool for PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Room Ee532, Erasmus MC, P,O Box 2040, Rotterdam, CA 3000, The Netherlands. j.visser@erasmusmc.nl.
authors.forename: E Leonie Af
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: van Houten
authors.forename: Joop Se
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Laven
authors.forename: Yvonne V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Louwers
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McLuskey
authors.forename: Axel Pn
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Themmen
authors.forename: Jenny A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Visser