title: [Four-week simulated weightlessness increases the expression of atrial natriuretic peptide in the myocardium].
abstract: One of the major circulatory changes that occur in human during space flight and simulated weightlessness is a cerebral redistribution of body fluids, which is accompanied by an increase of blood volume in the upper body. Therefore, atrial myocardium should increase the secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), but the researches lack common conclusion until now. The present study was to investigate the expression level of ANP in simulated weightlessness rats, and to confirm the changes of ANP by observing the associated proteins of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs). The tail-suspended rat model was used to simulate weightlessness. Western blots were carried out to examine the expression levels of ANP and SNARE proteins in atrial and left ventricular myocardium. The results showed that ANP expression in atrial myocardium showed an increase in 4-week tail-suspended rats (SUS) compared with that in the synchronous control rats (CON). We only detected a trace amount of ANP in the left ventricular myocardium of the CON, but found an enhanced expression of ANP in left ventricular myocardium of the SUS. Expression of VAMP-1/2 (vesicle associated SNARE) increased significantly in both atrial and left ventricular myocardium in the SUS compared with that in the CON. There was no difference of the expression of syntaxin-4 (target compartment associated SNARE) between the CON and SUS, but the expression of SNAP-23 showed an increase in atrial myocardium of the SUS compared with that in the CON. Synip and Munc-18c as regulators of SNAREs did not show significant difference between the CON and SUS. These results suggest that the expression of ANP shows an increase in atrial and left ventricular myocardium of 4-week tail-suspended rats. Enhanced expression of VAMP-1/2 associated with ANP vesicles confirms the increased expression of ANP in atrial and left ventricular myocardium.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Aerospace Physiology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Cheng
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuan-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Huai-Zhang
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Peng-Tao
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Zhi-Bin
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D050600:SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050987:Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D050988:Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018474:Weightlessness Simulation
chemical_list: D050600:SNARE Proteins; C494706:Vamp2 protein, rat; D050987:Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 1; D050988:Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2; C494705:vesicle-associated membrane protein 1, rat; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor