title: Inhibitory effects of Capsicum annuum L. water extracts on lipoprotein lipase activity in 3T3-L1 cells.
abstract: Obesity, an intractable metabolic disease, currently has no medical treatment without side effects, so studies have been actively carried out to find natural compounds that have anti-obesity activity with minimum side effects. In this study, the anti-obesity effects of water extracts of seven Capsicum annuum L. varieties being Putgochu (Pca), Oyee gochu (Oca), Kwari putgochu (Kca), Green pepper (Gca), Yellow paprika (Yca), Red paprika (Rca) and Cheongyang gochu (Cca), were examined through the evaluation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA expression level in 3T3-L1 cells (mouse pre-adipocytes). After capsaicin elimination by chloroform defatting, freeze-dried powder of Cca was treated to 3T3-L1 cells and anti-obesity effects were examined by determining the LPL mRNA level using the RT-PCR method. Of the primary fractions, only proven fractions underwent secondary and tertiary refractionating to determine anti-obesity effects. From seven different Capsicum annuum L., there was a significant decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level of 50.9% in Cca treatment compared to the control group. A significant decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level was shown in primary fractions (Fr) 5 (36.2% decrease) and 6 (30.5% decrease) of the Cca water extracts. Due to the impurities checked by UPLC chromatography, Fr 5 and 6 were refractionated to determine the LPL mRNA expression level. Treatment of Fr 6-6 (35.8% decrease) and Fr 5-6 (35.3% decrease) showed a significant decrease in the LPL mRNA expression level. When analyzed using UPLC, major compounds of Fr 6-6 and Fr 5-6 were very similar. Subsequently, we refractionated Fr 6-6 and Fr 5-6 to isolate the major peak for structure elucidation. Treatment of Fr 5-6-1 (26.6% decrease) and Fr 6-6-1 (29.7% decrease) showed a significant decrease in the LPL mRNA expression level. Consequently, the fractions may have a possibility to ameliorate obesity through the decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level.
authors.affiliation: Divison of Bio-Health Technology, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon 200-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Jongmi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Jaesung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyoungkon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Taewoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Daejung
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Cheonan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kanazawa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsutomu
authors.forename: Sarangowa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ochir
authors.forename: Kooyeon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Cheol Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yong-Jik
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Myeon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Choe
keywords: 3T3-L1 cells; Anti-obesity; Capsicum annuum L.; RT-PCR; lipoprotein lipase (LPL)