title: [Induction of adventitious roots of Echinacea pallida and accumulation of caffeic acid derivatives].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of auxins 2,4-D,IAA,IBA,NAA on induction of adventitious roots as well as that of IBA concentrations on the growth of adventitious roots and the accumulation of caffeic acid derivatives, with test-tube seedling leaves Echinacea pallida as the explant, and cultivate adventitious roots in bioreactors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1.0 mg x L(-1) IBA was found the best for the induction of adventitious roots, with the numer of induced adventitious roots up to 22. 5 in each culture dish. Among different concentrations for suspension cultivation of IBA tested, 1.0 mg x L(-1) IBA was found the most suitable for the growth of adventitious roots and the accumulation of caffeic acid derivatives. In a 5 L balloon type bubble bioreactor, 8.98 g x L(-1) dry weight was achieved after one month, which was 2.05 times of 4.38 g x L(-1) dry weight cultivated in a triangular flask. The content of echinacoside cultivated in a bioreactor was 14.08 mg x g(-1) DW, which was 2.4 times of cultivated roots. The contents of chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid and total caffeic acid derivatives were 4.0-25.6 times of ultivated roots.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study can provide high-quality biomedical drugs containing such caffeic acid derivatives as echinacoside for mass production of Echinacea purpurea medicines.
authors.affiliation: Dalian Agricultural Science Research Institute, Dalian 116000, China. wuchunhua1970@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Chun-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xi-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Keeyoeup
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paek
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D019149:Bioreactors; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020900:Echinacea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D007211:Indoles; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C014612:indolebutyric acid; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; C030737:indoleacetic acid