title: Anti-inflammatory activity of the topical preparation of Valeriana wallichii and Achyranthes aspera leaves.
abstract: In vivo and in vitro screening of anti inflammatory activity of Valeriana wallichii and Achyranthes aspera leaves crude extract was performed, using standardized procedures. Methanolic crude extract topical formulation (cream) of Valeriana wallichii and Achyranthes aspera leaves (Family Valerianaceae and Amaranthaceae respectively), were screened for their anti-inflammatory activity, through "Carrageenan induced hind paw edema" test, for their effect on the acute and chronic phase inflammation models in male Wistar rats. Methanolic extract and its fractions were also evaluated for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity using lipoxygenase inhibition assay. Leaves of Valeriana wallichii showed significant (P<0.001), dose dependant anti inflammatory activity, comparable with that of the standard, in animal model. The ethyl acetate fraction of Valeriana wallichii also showed considerable (IC 50=73 ± 0.36) in vitro anti-inflammatory activity as compared to standard (6.11 ± 0.02). Similarly Achyranthes aspera leaves showed relatively weak (p>0.05) in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. However, its activity was comparable with that of standard at 10% concentration after 5 hrs of carrageenan injection. This activity was present in ethyl acetate fraction during in vitro screening (IC 50=76 ± 0.14) as compared to that of standard (IC 50=6.11 ± 0.02). The combined in vitro and in vivo Anti-inflammatory screening shows that the ethyl acetate fraction of the crude extract of Valeriana wallichii and Achyranthes aspera can be used for the isolation of new Anti-inflammatory lead compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Pakistan. fazli_khuda2008@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Fazli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khuda
authors.forename: Zafar
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: Ayub
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.lastname: Zakiullah
authors.forename: Fazli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nasir
authors.forename: Yasar
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D029044:Achyranthes / Q000737:chemistry*; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014632:Valerian / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts