title: Comparison of the effects of bisphenol A alone and in a combination with X-irradiation on sperm count and quality in male adult and pubescent mice.
abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is employed in the manufacturing of epoxy, polyester-styrene, and polycarbonate resins, which are used for the production of baby and water bottles and reusable containers, food and beverage packing, dental fillings and sealants. The study was designed to examine the effects of 8-week exposure (a full cycle of spermatogenesis) to BPA alone and in a combination with X-irradiation on the reproductive organs and germ cells of adult and pubescent male mice. Pzh:Sfis male mice were exposed to BPA (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) or X-rays (0.05 Gy) or to a combination of both (0.05 Gy + 5 mg/kg bw BPA). The following parameters were examined: sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology, and DNA damage in male gametes. Both BPA and X-rays alone diminished sperm quality. BPA exposure significantly reduced sperm count in pubescent males compared to adult mice, with degenerative changes detected in seminiferous epithelium. This may suggest a higher susceptibility of germ cells of younger males to BPA action. Combined BPA with X-ray treatment enhanced the harmful effect induced by BPA alone in male germ cells of adult males, whereas low-dose irradiation showed sometimes protective or additive effects in pubescent mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Hygiene and Radiobiology, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dobrzyńska
authors.forename: Ewa A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Jankowska-Steifer
authors.forename: Ewa J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Tyrkiel
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gajowik
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Radzikowska
authors.forename: Krzysztof A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Pachocki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: bisphenol A; combined exposure; comet assay; histology; sperm count and morphology