title: Biological rhythms related to metabolism in Japanese Shorthorn cattle under varying environments and management techniques.
abstract: Plasma insulin (INS), thyroxin (T4 ), glucose (GLU), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), rectal temperature (RT) and eating behavior were evaluated in Japanese Shorthorn cattle under varying external environments and management techniques. Serial blood collection and assessments of RT and eating behavior were performed over 48 h in the spring, summer, autumn and winter in four female cattle reared under either free-stall and ad libitum feeding (FA) conditions or tie-stall and restricted feeding (TR) conditions. Cycle patterns for each parameter were examined using spectral analysis, and correlations between parameters were investigated using cross-spectral analysis. Rhythms for all parameters, except eating behavior and T4 , did not differ significantly among the varied external environments and between management techniques, although seasonal differences in the concentration or value of parameters were observed. An approximate 3- or 4-h rhythm cycle detected in T4 , GLU, NEFA, BUN, and RT might be the common metabolic rhythm. Under both conditions, the metabolite levels showed strong correlations with eating behavior. Moreover, GLU positively correlated with INS at lag time of 0 h, as did eating behavior and RT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Japan.
authors.forename: Mizuna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Atusi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irimajiri
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Tokushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kushibiki
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shingu
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kasuya
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hodate
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D001831:Body Temperature; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D007328:Insulin; D007564:Japan; D010507:Periodicity; D012621:Seasons; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D013974:Thyroxine