title: Is thioredoxin reductase involved in the defense against DNA fragmentation in varicocele?
abstract: We aimed to investigate the role of thioredoxin reductase (TR) and inducible heat shock protein 70 (iHsp70) and their relationship with sperm quality in varicocele (VAR) patients. Semen samples were obtained from 16 subfertile men diagnosed as VAR and 10 fertile men who applied to the Andrology Laboratory of Istanbul Medical Faculty of Istanbul University. The sperm TR and iHsp 70 expression levels were determined using Western blot analysis. The TR activity of the sperm was assayed spectrophometrically. The sperm quality was evaluated both by conventional sperm analysis and by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) technique that assayed DNA-fragmented spermatozoa in semen samples. The percentage of TUNEL-positive spermatozoa in the VAR group (16.3%± 5.6%) was higher than that in the fertile group (5.5%± 1.9%). Significant inverse correlations were detected between the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells and both the concentration (r=-0.609; P=0.001) and motility (r=-0.550; P=0.004) of spermatozoa. Both the TR expression and activity were increased significantly in the VAR group (U=22.0; P=0.001 and U=33.5; P=0.012, respectively) as analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U Wilcoxon rank sum W test. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were found between TR expression and activity (r=0.406; P=0.040) and between TR expression and the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells (r=0.665; P=0.001). Sperm iHsp70 expression did not differ between the VAR and fertile groups. In conclusion, increased sperm TR expression might be a defense mechanism against apoptosis in the spermatozoa of men with VAR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Çapa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey. gul_erata@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Gül
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Özdemirler Erata
authors.forename: Canan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Küçükgergin
authors.forename: Gülsan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aktan
authors.forename: Ates
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kadioglu
authors.forename: Müjdat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Necla
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koçak-Toker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D054481:Thioredoxin Reductase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014646:Varicocele / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C516124:TXNRD1 protein, human; D054481:Thioredoxin Reductase 1