title: [Screening of differentially expressed microRNAs in borderline and malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have a broad spectrum of biological behaviors ranging from benign, borderline and malignant. This study aimed to screen differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) between malignant and borderline GISTs and to investigate the potential role of miRNAs in the malignant transformation of GISTs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six GIST samples including borderline tumors (n = 3) and malignant tumors (n = 3) were collected based on the clinical and pathological characteristics. Total RNA was extracted, followed by miRNA microarray analysis to screen the differentially expressed miRNAs. The most significantly expressed 4 miRNAs were then chosen for further validation by real-time PCR in 22 additional GIST samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Direct comparison of malignant group versus borderline group revealed 14 significantly and differentially expressed miRNAs (P < 0.05, with a fold change of < 0.5 or > 2). Five miRNAs were up-regulated and nine were down-regulated in the malignant group. Four miRNAs (miR-221, miR-135b, miR-675(*) and miR-218) were most significantly and differentially expressed between the two groups. The differential expression of 2 miRNAs (miR-221 and miR-675(*)) were subsequently confirmed with good concordance by real-time PCR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The differential miRNA expression profiles between two groups are revealed by miRNA microarray assay, and confirmed by real-time PCR. Among differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-221 and miR-675(*) might be related to the malignant transformation of GISTs, and have a potential value in predicting biological behavior of GISTs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Cui-zhong
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ying-yong
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: De-ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ya-lan
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Sujie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akesu
authors.forename: Hai-ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Kun-tang
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Yun-shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Xiong-zeng
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; C525709:MIR221, human; C548379:MIRN675 microRNA, human