title: Acute stress enhances adult rat hippocampal neurogenesis and activation of newborn neurons via secreted astrocytic FGF2.
abstract: Stress is a potent modulator of the mammalian brain. The highly conserved stress hormone response influences many brain regions, particularly the hippocampus, a region important for memory function. The effect of acute stress on the unique population of adult neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) that resides in the adult hippocampus is unclear. We found that acute stress increased hippocampal cell proliferation and astrocytic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression. The effect of acute stress occurred independent of basolateral amygdala neural input and was mimicked by treating isolated NPCs with conditioned media from corticosterone-treated primary astrocytes. Neutralization of FGF2 revealed that astrocyte-secreted FGF2 mediated stress-hormone-induced NPC proliferation. 2 weeks, but not 2 days, after acute stress, rats also showed enhanced fear extinction memory coincident with enhanced activation of newborn neurons. Our findings suggest a beneficial role for brief stress on the hippocampus and improve understanding of the adaptive capacity of the brain. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00362.001.
authors.affiliation: Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute , University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , United States.
authors.forename: Elizabeth D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Kirby
authors.forename: Sandra E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Muroy
authors.forename: Wayne G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Covarrubias
authors.forename: Megan J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Laurel A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Barchas
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaufer
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005108:Extinction, Psychological; D005239:Fear; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: FGF2; Rat; astrocytes; hippocampus; neurogenesis; stem cell; stress