title: [Heart and lungs : cardinal symptom dyspnea].
abstract: Dyspnea is one of the major clinical symptoms which patients report to general practitioners, internists, cardiologists and hospitals. In this review article we discuss the evidence of medical history, laboratory procedures and diagnostic investigations to approach patients with acute or chronic dyspnea and try to structure this complex symptom dyspnea to reach the etiology of the underlying disease.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Pneumologie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg, UKGM Marburg, Baldingerstr. 1, 35043, Marburg, Deutschland. markus.henke@staff.uni-marburg.de
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Henke
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Vogelmeier
mesh_terms: D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D006334:Heart Function Tests / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000379:methods