title: [Nutritional state and shortcoming of micronutrients on schooled youth's diet on the metropolitan zone of Guadalajara Jalisco].
abstract: The adolescence is a stage of high nutritional risk due to the increased requirements, changes in eating habits and potential risk. There are documented evidence of micronutrient deficiency among the population of Mexico. To evaluate the nutritional status and micronutrient deficiencies in the diet of adolescents. The sample consisted of 307 adolescents. We analyzed the body composition by using anthropometric indicators. To determine the intake of micronutrients, the 24 hours reminder and software Mexfoods were used. The percentages that indicate adequate intake were classified according to the following breakpoints: Below minimum requirements, when intake was < 50%; minimum requirements covered > or = 50% and < 75%; and exceed minimum requirements when it was > or = 75%. The BMI indicated that 21.8% of students of both sexes showed malnutrition and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 27.9%. The micronutrient intake results indicated significant deficiencies in iron (p = 0.002), zinc (p = 0.000) and calcium (p = 0.002). The B-complex vitamins were those that had lower failure rates. We identified that the diet of adolescents has significant micronutrient deficiencies and that adolescent girls resulted with the major deficiencies. It is urgent to develop strategies, to reduce the problems of food deficit in adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud Pública del Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, de la Universidad de Guadalajara. Mexico.
authors.forename: Rosa María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Valdez López
authors.forename: Josefina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fausto Guerra
authors.forename: Figueroa Isabel
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Valadez
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramos Ramos
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Loreto Garibay
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Villaseñor Farias
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D013334:Students; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D018977:Micronutrients; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc; D002118:Calcium