title: 12 weeks' aerobic and resistance training without dietary intervention did not influence oxidative stress but aerobic training decreased atherogenic index in middle-aged men with impaired glucose regulation.
abstract: Our aim was to determine whether 12 weeks' aerobic Nordic walking (NW) or resistance exercise training (RT) without diet-induced weight loss could decrease oxidative stress and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and MetS score in middle-aged men with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) (n=144. 54.5 ± 6.5 years). In addition, we compared effects of intervention between overweight and obese subgroups. Prevalence of MetS and AIP index decreased only in NW group and MetS score in both NW and RT groups but not in control group. The changes in AIP index correlated inversely with changes in plasma antioxidant capacity. The change in AIP index remained a significant independent predictor of the changes in MetS score after the model was adjusted for age, BMI and volume of exercise (MET h/week) in NW group. There were no changes in the other measured markers of oxidative stress and related cytokines (e.g. osteopontin and osteoprotegerin) in any of the groups. Nordic walking decreased prevalence of MetS and MetS score. Improved lipid profile remained a predictor of decreased MetS score only in NW group and it seems that Nordic walking has more beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease risks than RT training.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Exercise Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Venojärvi
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Niko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wasenius
authors.forename: Sirpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manderoos
authors.forename: Olli J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Heinonen
authors.forename: Harri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lindholm
authors.forename: Sirkka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aunola
authors.forename: Johan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atalay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000097:blood; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000097:blood; D050177:Overweight; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; D053495:Osteopontin; D005947:Glucose
keywords: AIP; Atherogenic index; BMI; C; CAD; CVD; HDL; HMW; IDF; IGR; IGT; Impaired glucose regulation; International Diabetes Federation; LDL; LPO; MDA; MET; MetS; Metabolic syndrome; NW; Nordic walking; OB; OGTT; OPG; OPN; ORAC; OW; OX-LDL; Oxidative stress; ROS; RT; Resistance training; SD; SE; TGs; atherogenic index of plasma; body mass index; cardiovascular disease; control group; coronary artery disease; high density lipoprotein; human high molecular weight; impaired glucose regulation; impaired glucose tolerance; lipid hydroperoxides; low density lipoprotein; malondialdehyde; metabolic equivalent of task; metabolic syndrome; nordic walking group; obese group; oral glucose tolerance test; osteopontin; osteoprotegerin; overweight group; oxidized LDL; oxygen radical absorbance capacity; reactive oxygen species; resistance training group; standard deviations; standard errors; triglycerides