title: Ridge augmentation using customized allogenic bone blocks: proof of concept and histological findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate handling and healing patterns of customized allogenic bone blocks for vertical and horizontal alveolar defect augmentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2 patients, 3 combined horizontal and vertical post-foraminal mandibular defects were grafted using computer-aided design (CAD) trimmed individual block grafts, 3D-designed on preoperative computed tomography scans. After a healing period of 6 months, graft resorption was measured and bone trephines were taken in progress of implant bed preparation. Four months later, implants were restored with single crowns. Moreover, clinical and radiological implant parameters were assessed 6 and 12 months after restorative rehabilitation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Uneventful healing was observed in 2 of the 3 cases. A partial exposure of 1 block after 8 weeks could be successfully treated by block reduction and application of a soft tissue graft. Histological evaluation revealed predictable bone formation within all augmented areas, and both patient satisfaction and long-term stability parameters were considered excellent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that the application of individual CAD allografts supports bone formation at deficient sites with reduced patient morbidity, decreased surgery time, and high patient acceptance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. markus.schlee@32schoenezaehne.de
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schlee
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rothamel
mesh_terms: D064591:Allografts; D064728:Alveolar Bone Grafting / Q000379:methods*; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000601:surgery; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D059605:Dental Implant-Abutment Design; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; D006801:Humans; D063168:Mandibular Osteotomy; D016348:Osseointegration; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery