title: Effects of nandrolone and resistance training on the blood pressure, cardiac electrophysiology, and expression of atrial β-adrenergic receptors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to assess isolated and combined effects of nandrolone and resistance training on the blood pressure, cardiac electrophysiology, and expression of the β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in the heart of rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and submitted to a 6-week treatment with nandrolone and/or resistance training. Cardiac hypertrophy was accessed by the ratio of heart weight to the final body weight. Blood pressure was determined by a computerized tail-cuff system. Electrocardiography analyses were performed. Western blotting was used to access the protein levels of the β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in the right atrium and left ventricle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both resistance training and nandrolone induced cardiac hypertrophy. Nandrolone increased systolic blood pressure depending on the treatment time. Resistance training decreased systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure, as well as induced resting bradycardia. Nandrolone prolonged the QTc interval for both trained and non-trained groups when they were compared to their respective vehicle-treated one. Nandrolone increased the expression of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in the right atrium for both trained and non-trained groups when they were compared to their respective vehicle-treated one.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated that nandrolone, associated or not with resistance training increases blood pressure depending on the treatment time, induces prolongation of the QTc interval, and increases the expression of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in the cardiac right atrium, but not in the left ventricle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vander José
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: das Neves
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Tanno
authors.forename: Tatiana Sousa
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Vinicius
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Guzzoni
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Edilamar Menezes
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Maria José Costa Sampaio
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.forename: Fernanda Klein
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Marcondes
mesh_terms: D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001835:Body Weight; D006332:Cardiomegaly; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009277:Nandrolone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D009277:Nandrolone