title: Enabling technologies for the rapid dechlorination of polychloroarenes and PCBs.
abstract: Dielectric heating and acoustic cavitation (ultrasound or high-performance disperser) may all dramatically enhance conversion rates and yields in heterogeneous metal-assisted organic reactions even when low reagent excesses are used. These so called "enabling technologies" bring with them process intensification, safer protocols, cost reduction and energy savings. We herein describe a series of rapid polychlorinated aromatic and PCBs dechlorinations (15min) carried out in a moderate excess of metallic sodium and using non-conventional techniques. We compared the results with those obtained for reactions carried out under conventional heating and with those performed with less reactive metals such as magnesium and zinc. In this comparison, high-intensity ultrasound stands out as the technique of choice.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, Torino 10125, Italy. giancarlo.cravotto@unito.it
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cravotto
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garella
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beltramo
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carnaroglio
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mantegna
authors.forename: Carlo Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Roggero
mesh_terms: D001554:Benzene / Q000737:chemistry*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D054879:Halogenation; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D001554:Benzene