title: Effect of low dose of fumonisins on pig health: immune status, intestinal microbiota and sensitivity to Salmonella.
abstract: The objective of this study was to measure the effects of chronic exposure to fumonisins via the ingestion of feed containing naturally contaminated corn in growing pigs infected or not with Salmonella spp. This exposure to a moderate dietary concentration of fumonisins (11.8 ppm) was sufficient to induce a biological effect in pigs (Sa/So ratio), but no mortality or pathology was observed over 63 days of exposure. No mortality or related clinical signs, even in cases of inoculation with Salmonella (5 × 10⁴ CFU), were observed either. Fumonisins, at these concentrations, did not affect the ability of lymphocytes to proliferate in the presence of mitogens, but after seven days post-inoculation they led to inhibition of the ability of specific Salmonella lymphocytes to proliferate following exposure to a specific Salmonella antigen. However, the ingestion of fumonisins had no impact on Salmonella translocation or seroconversion in inoculated pigs. The inoculation of Salmonella did not affect faecal microbiota profiles, but exposure to moderate concentrations of fumonisins transiently affected the digestive microbiota balance. In cases of co-infection with fumonisins and Salmonella, the microbiota profiles were rapidly and clearly modified as early as 48 h post-Salmonella inoculation. Therefore under these experimental conditions, exposure to an average concentration of fumonisins in naturally contaminated feed had no effect on pig health but did affect the digestive microbiota balance, with Salmonella exposure amplifying this phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. christine.burel@st-pee.inra.fr
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burel
authors.forename: Mael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanguy
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guerre
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boilletot
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cariolet
authors.forename: Marilyne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Queguiner
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Postollec
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pinton
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Salvat
authors.forename: Isabelle P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Oswald
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fravalo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017849:Animals, Inbred Strains; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D005602:France; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D015415:Biomarkers; D037341:Fumonisins; D008934:Mitogens; D013110:Sphingosine; C005682:safingol