title: Hierarchically porous materials from layer-by-layer photopolymerization of high internal phase emulsions.
abstract: A combination of high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) templating and additive manufacturing technology (AMT) is applied for creating hierarchical porosity within an acrylate and acrylate/thiol-based polymer network. The photopolymerizable formulation is optimized to produce emulsions with a volume fraction of droplet phase greater than 80 vol%. Kinetic stability of the emulsions is sufficient enough to withstand in-mold curing or computer-controlled layer-by-layer stereolithography without phase separation. By including macroscale cellular cavities within the build file, a level of controlled porosity is created simultaneous to the formation of the porous microstructure of the polyHIPE. The hybrid HIPE-AMT technique thus provides hierarchically porous materials with mechanical properties tailored by the addition of thiol chain transfer agent.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence PoliMaT, Tehnološki park 24, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, PolyOrgLab, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sušec
authors.forename: Samuel Clark
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ligon
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stampfl
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liska
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krajnc
mesh_terms: D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D004655:Emulsions / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D058105:Polymerization / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity / Q000528:radiation effects; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D004655:Emulsions; D011108:Polymers; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; C036658:acrylic acid