title: Immunochemical approach for zearalenone-4-glucoside determination.
abstract: Zearalenone-4-β-D-glucopyranoside (zearalenone-4-glucoside) detection techniques, based on a combination of acidic or enzymatic hydrolysis of the masked mycotoxin to the parent form (i.e. zearalenone), and immunochemical determination of zearalenone-4-glucoside as a difference between the zearalenone concentration after and before cleavage of the glycosidic bond were developed. The limit of detection for zearalenone-4-glucoside, achieved for the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, was 3 μg kg(-1); the cut-off level for the sum of zearalenone and zearalenone-4-glucoside determination by a qualitative gel-based immunoassay was 50 μg kg(-1). Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was checked for acidic hydrolysis and resulted in approximately 70% of glycosidic bond cleavage in optimal conditions. Seven different glycoside hydrolases were tested during the design of the enzymatic hydrolysis technique. Enzymatic hydrolysis combined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and gel-based immunoassay determinations was applied for the determination of zearalenone-4-glucoside or the sum of zearalenone and zearalenone-4-glucoside in cereal samples. The chosen enzyme (glucosidase from Aspergillus niger) allowed to cleave 102% of zearalenone-4-glucoside in standard solutions and 85% in cereal samples. Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was used as confirmatory method. As a result, good correlations between immunochemical techniques and the chromatographic data were obtained. The developed technique is suitable for simultaneous immunochemical determination of zearalenone and its masked form, zearalenone-4-glucoside.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Natalia.Beloglazova@ugent.be
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Beloglazova
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Boevre
authors.forename: I Yu
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Goryacheva
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Werbrouck
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Saeger
mesh_terms: D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D002138:Calibration; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000592:standards*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D005959:Glucosidases / Q000737:chemistry; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D057230:Limit of Detection; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008698:Mesylates; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D005960:Glucosides; D008698:Mesylates; D009183:Mycotoxins; C050324:zearalenone-4-glucopyranoside; D015025:Zearalenone; D005959:Glucosidases; C012077:trifluoromethanesulfonic acid