title: Simultaneous determination of diclofenac and its common counter-ions in less than 1 minute using capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection.
abstract: This paper presents a method for fast and simultaneous determination of diclofenac (DCF) and its common counter-ions (potassium, sodium, and diethylammonium) using CE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C(4) D). On the basis of a single electropherogram (about 50 s), the proposed method allows the determination of the stoichiometry, absolute quantification and evaluation of the degradation degree of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (DCF). A linear working range from 100 to 500 μmol/L was obtained for all analytes in an equimolar TRIS/TAPS (10 mmol/L) solution as the background electrolyte as well as adequate LOD (7, 6, 7, and 10 μmol/L for K(+) , Na(+) , diethylammonium, and DCF, respectively). The proposed method was applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical formulations (tablets and spray form) with similar results to those achieved by HPLC (DCF) or flame photometry (K and Na) at a 95% confidence level.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rafael R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Denise T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Gimenes
authors.forename: Rodrigo A A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Munoz
authors.forename: Claudimir L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: do Lago
authors.forename: Eduardo M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Richter
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000032:analysis*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000032:analysis*; D004355:Drug Stability; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D007477:Ions / Q000032:analysis; D057230:Limit of Detection; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis*; D013607:Tablets; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007477:Ions; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013607:Tablets; D004008:Diclofenac; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium