title: Tilted trans-sinus implants for the treatment of maxillary atrophy: case series of 35 consecutive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate tilted trans-sinus implants for rehabilitation of the atrophic maxilla.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case series of 35 patients (32 consecutive edentulous and 3 partially edentulous patients) treated with trans-sinus dental implants is presented. Edentulous patients received 4 or 6 implants depending on anatomic conditions and a 12-unit final restoration; partially edentulous patients received 2 implants supporting a 3-unit partial fixed bridge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-five patients (14 men, 21 women) underwent rehabilitation. Thirty-two patients with 190 implants placed received a full-arch fixed prosthesis supported by axial and trans-sinus tilted implants. Three patients each received 2 implants with a 3-unit fixed restoration. The mean age at surgery was 59.2 ± 9.5 years. The cumulative survival rate was calculated only for the full-arch fixed prosthesis group and was 98.42%. Crestal bone loss averaged 0.9 ± 0.4 and 0.8 ± 0.5 mm for the axial and tilted implants, respectively, at the 12-month evaluation. Biological complications at the implant level were 1 case of peri-implantitis and 3 cases of mucositis; no patient developed sinus infections. The prosthetic complications encountered were screw loosening in 17.5% of cases and chipping of the esthetic part in 30% of cases. These complications were easily resolved chairside and did not lead to prosthetic failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trans-sinus tilted implants and sinus membrane distal displacement appear to be a viable minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of maxillary atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Section of Implantology and Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, Dental Clinic, IRCCS Galeazzi Institute, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. info@tiziano-testori.it
authors.forename: Tiziano
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Testori
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mandelli
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mantovani
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taschieri
authors.forename: Roberto L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Fabbro
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology; D001284:Atrophy; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003779:Denture Design; D003827:Denture, Complete, Upper; D003830:Denture, Partial, Fixed; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000209:etiology; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000209:etiology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants