title: Psychological resilience contributes to low emotional distress in cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although a considerable number of cancer patients suffer from emotional distress which may have an impact on their quality of life, it still remains poorly understood which psychosocial factors contribute to individual vulnerabilities to emotional distress of cancer patients. Recently, resilience has been suggested as the capacity to cope with adversities like cancer. In this study, we investigated the relationships between resilience and emotional distress in cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty-two cancer patients who were consecutively hospitalized for their scheduled treatments at the Seoul St. Mary's Hospital were enrolled and completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale to measure resilience and emotional distress. The relationships between the levels of psychological resilience and emotional distress were evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Psychological resilience levels were negatively associated with emotional distress after controlling for relevant covariates. The highest quartile of resilience level was associated with a 90% (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03-0.34, P < 0.001) reduction in the risk for emotional distress compared to the lowest quartile. Among metastatic cancer patients, resilience was also found to be a significant protective factor for emotional distress (adjusted OR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.02-0.79, P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests that psychological resilience may independently contribute to low emotional distress in cancer patients. The relationship between resilience and emotional distress was also significant in the subgroup of metastatic cancer patients. Psychosocial interventions to enhance resilience might provide useful approaches to overcome cancer-related emotional distress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Ah
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Sujung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Chang-Uk
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeong-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Chul
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyo-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Tae-Suk
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*