title: Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase: machinery for nuclear processes.
abstract: It is becoming increasingly clear that the nuclear protein, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1), plays essential roles in the cell, including DNA repair, translation, transcription, telomere maintenance, and chromatin remodeling. Despite the exciting progress made in understanding the ubiquitous role of poly-ADP-ribose metabolism, a basic mechanism of PARP's activity regulating multiple nuclear processes is yet to be outlined. This review offers a holistic perspective on activity of PARP1, based on empirically observable phenomena. Primary attention is given to mechanisms by which PARP1 regulates a broad range of essential nuclear events, including two complementary processes (1) regulation of protein-nucleic acid interactions by means of protein shuttling and (2) utilizing poly-ADP-ribose as an anionic matrix for trapping, recruiting, and scaffolding proteins.
authors.affiliation: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Alexei V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Tulin
mesh_terms: D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004260:DNA Repair; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D004247:DNA; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases
keywords: Chromatin; Histones; Nucleosome; PARP1; Parg; Poly(ADP-ribose)