title: Determination of neonicotinoid insecticides residues in eels using subcritical water extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: A rapid, sensitive, and environmental-friendly multi-residue method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of seven neonicotinoid insecticides (dinotefuran, nitenpyram, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, clothianidin, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid) residues in eel samples. Subcritical water extraction was investigated as a novel and alternative technology for the extraction of neonicotinoids from eel matrices and the results were compared with the conventional ultrasonic and shaking extraction. The target compounds were identified and quantitatively determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Under the current optimized chromatographic conditions, each LC run was completed in 5 min. Average recoveries of the seven analytes from fortified samples ranged between 84.6% and 102.0%, with relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 10.8%. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) for neonicotinoids were in the ranges of 0.12-0.36 μg kg(-1) and 0.42-1.12 μg kg(-1), respectively. The proposed method is fast, sensitive, easy to perform, water-based thus more environmentally acceptable, making it applicable for high-throughput monitoring of insecticides residues in aquatic products.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Zhiming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yunxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Shuangyang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004524:Eels; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015394:Molecular Structure; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D007306:Insecticides; D014867:Water