title: Influence of torrefaction pretreatment for ethanol fermentation from waste money bills.
abstract: Waste money bills (WMB) that are no longer legal tender are nonrecyclable and are generally useless. In this work, we used this cellulose-rich material for ethanol fermentation for the first time. Torrefaction of this nonlignocellulosic waste material was attempted to examine whether such material could benefit from this process as a conventional lignocellulosic material does. Effects of two important parameters, that is, residence times (20, 40, and 60 Min) and temperatures (140, 160, 180, 200, and 220°C), on the torrefaction yield were studied under an inert atmosphere. Glucose and ethanol yields were compared using a factorial experimental design. The highest glucose yield (81.59 mg/mL) was obtained with a torrefaction treatment consisting of 40 min at 180 °C, and it was increased 44.89% compared to untreated WMB. Based on ethanol feasibility studies conducted on WMB, this estimated quantity of glucose could be produced for subsequent fermentation to ethanol (38.92 mg/mL) and it was increased 47.92% compared to the untreated sample. The fermentation rate was also enhanced by adding 0.4 mM benzoic acid under anaerobic conditions. It is concluded that production of ethanol from WMB would reduce waste management costs and thus would be profitable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Forest Products, IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Md Mominul Islam
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.forename: Chul-Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyeon-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sung-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Gyeong-Chul
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung-Woong
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.forename: Jae Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D010209:Paper; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol