title: Massive epistaxis due to pseudoaneurysm of the sphenopalatine artery: a rare post-operative complication of orthognathic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To introduce pseudoaneurysm of the sphenopalatine artery as the possible aetiology of acute massive epistaxis in patients with a history of orthognathic surgery accompanied by Le Fort I osteotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report and literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This paper reports a case of acute life-threatening epistaxis following Le Fort I osteotomy. Computed tomography and angiography showed a pseudoaneurysm of the sphenopalatine artery, which was successfully treated by endovascular embolisation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although a pseudoaneurysm of the sphenopalatine artery following Le Fort I osteotomy is extremely rare, it should be considered as the possible aetiology of acute massive epistaxis in patients with a history of orthognathic surgery accompanied by Le Fort I osteotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Y-W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: M-J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: H-D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K-S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063168:Mandibular Osteotomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008438:Maxillary Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D009666:Nose / Q000098:blood supply; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed