title: Polymer-peptide hybrids as a highly immunogenic single-dose nanovaccine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore four-arm star poly(t-butyl)acrylate (P(t)BA)-peptide and linear P(t)BA-peptide conjugates as a vaccine-delivery system against Group A Streptococcus.
  
  
  METHODS
  P(t)BA nanoparticles bearing J14 peptide epitopes were prepared via alkyne-azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition 'click' reaction. The conjugated products were self-assembled into small or large nanoparticles. These nanoparticle vaccine candidates were evaluated in vivo and J14-specific antibody titers were assessed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mice vaccinated with the nanoparticles were able to produce J14-specific IgG antibodies without the use of an external adjuvant after a single immunization. We have demonstrated for the first time that the immune responses against self-assembled P(t)BA nanoparticles are stronger for the smaller sized (~20 nm) nanoparticles compared with the larger (~500 nm) P(t)BA nanoparticles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PtBA analogs have the potential to be developed as potent carrier systems for single-dose synthetic vaccines.
authors.affiliation: The University of Queensland (St Lucia), School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
authors.forename: Abdullah A H
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ahmad Fuaad
authors.forename: Zhongfan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Mehfuz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaman
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hartas
authors.forename: Zyta M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Ziora
authors.forename: I-Chun
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Moyle
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Batzloff
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Good
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skwarczynski
authors.forename: Istvan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Toth
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D050997:Nanomedicine; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000939:Epitopes; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D010455:Peptides; D011108:Polymers; D014612:Vaccines