title: A breast reconstruction needs assessment: How does self-efficacy affect information access and preferences?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast cancer patients requiring mastectomy do not consistently receive information about post-mastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR) surgery from the treatment team. Patients have varying levels of self-efficacy, defined as one's confidence in their ability to gather information and make health-related decisions. The present preliminary study was designed to evaluate the relationship between self-efficacy and access to PMBR information.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative interview study was conducted on a convenience sample of 10 breast cancer patients considering or having already undergone PMBR and six key health care provider informants. The modified six-item Stanford Self-Efficacy Scale for managing chronic disease was administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient self-efficacy scores ranged from 5 to 9.3 (out of 10). Two main access to information themes were identified from the patient qualitative data: theme A - difficulty initiating the PMBR discussion; and theme B - perceived lack of access to PMBR information with the sub-themes of timing, modality, quantity and content of resources. All respondents expressed their concern over the absence of a standardized process for initiating the dialogue of PMBR. Patients also reported that credible and easily accessible information was not routinely available and expressed a desire to hear about their PMBR options early in the decision-making process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Health care providers may need to assume more responsibility in standardizing information dissemination on PMBR. This information should be distributed early in the consultation process, the content should be complete, and there may be a role for individualizing the delivery of information based on a patient's level of self-efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto;
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Secord
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Stefan Op
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Metcalfe
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhong
keywords: Breast reconstruction; Information access and preferences; Qualitative; Self-efficacy