title: Evaluation of functional relationship between mouse hippocampal cholinergic and nitrergic systems in anxiogenic-like behavior.
abstract: Although a body of evidence shows the crucial role of hippocampal nitrergic and cholinergic systems in the modulation of anxiety, little is known about their functional relationship with regard to anxiety. The present study investigated the relationship between intra-CA1 administration of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist (mecamylamine) and a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor [Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)] or its precursor (L-arginine) in anxiety-related behaviors. Mice received bilateral intra-CA1 injections of either L-NAME or L-arginine in the presence of mecamylamine and were subsequently tested in the elevated plus maze. A dose of 0.5 μg/0.5 μl mecamylamine bilaterally administered into CA1 did not change the percentage of open arm time (%OAT) or the percentage of open arm entries (%OAE) in the elevated plus maze task and thus was considered as a subeffective dose. Intra-CA1 administration of either L-arginine (1 and 1.5 μg/0.5 μl, bilaterally) or L-NAME (at 60 ng/0.5 μl, bilaterally) decreased %OAT, which represents an anxiogenic-like effect. Coadministration of the subeffective dose of mecamylamine together with the lower doses of L-NAME (10 and 30 ng/0.5 μl, bilaterally) or L-arginine (0.5 μg/0.5 μl, bilaterally) led to a decrease in %OAT and %OAE. Thus, both L-NAME and L-arginine showed anxiogenic-like effects, but the effects of mecamylamine were too small to support a functional relationship between the hippocampal cholinergic and nitrergic systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. zarinmr@ams.ac.ir
authors.forename: Mohammad-Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zarrindast
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piri
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bananej
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shahab
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zahmatkesh
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008464:Mecamylamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051379:Mice; D008845:Microinjections; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008464:Mecamylamine; D001120:Arginine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester