title: Sulfonated polyaniline-based organic electrodes for controlled electrical stimulation of human osteosarcoma cells.
abstract: Electrically conducting polymers (CPs) were found to stimulate various cell types such as neurons, osteoblasts, and fibroblasts in both in vitro and in vivo studies. However, to our knowledge, no studies have been reported on the utility of CPs in stimulation of cancer or tumor cells in the literature. Here we report a facile fabrication method of self-doped sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN)-based interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) for controlled electrical stimulation of human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells. Increased degree of sulfonation was found to increase the SPAN conductivity, which in turn improved the cell attachment and cell growth without electrical stimulation. However, an enhanced cell growth was observed under controlled electrical (AC) stimulation at low applied voltage and frequency (≤800 mV and ≤1 kHz). The cell growth reached a maximum threshold at an applied voltage or frequency and beyond which pronounced cell death was observed. We believe that these organic electrodes may find utility in electrical stimulation of cancer or tumor cells for therapy and research and may also provide an alternative to the conventional metal-based electrodes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Yanyin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yadagiri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Poojari
authors.forename: Yidong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jen-Chieh
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Derek J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hansford
authors.forename: Arthur J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Epstein
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004566:Electrodes; D006801:Humans; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C416807:polyaniline; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase