title: Minocycline attenuates cognitive impairment induced by isoflurane anesthesia in aged rats.
abstract: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a clinical phenomenon characterized by cognitive deficits in patients after anesthesia and surgery, especially in geriatric surgical patients. Although it has been documented that isoflurane exposure impaired cognitive function in several aged animal models, there are few clinical interventions and treatments available to prevent this disorder. Minocycline has been well established to exert neuroprotective effects in various experimental animal models and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we hypothesized that pretreatment with minocycline attenuates isoflurane-induced cognitive decline in aged rats. In the present study, twenty-month-old rats were administered minocycline or an equal volume of saline by intraperitoneal injection 12 h before exposure to isoflurane. Then the rats were exposed to 1.3% isoflurane for 4 h. Two weeks later, spatial learning and memory of the rats were examined using the Morris Water Maze. We found that pretreatment with minocycline mitigated isoflurane-induced cognitive deficits and suppressed the isoflurane-induced excessive release of IL-1β and caspase-3 in the hippocampal CA1 region at 4 h after isoflurane exposure, as well as the number of TUNEL-positive nuclei. In addition, minocycline treatment also prevented the changes of synaptic ultrastructure in the hippocampal CA1 region induced by isoflurane. In conclusion, pretreatment with minocycline attenuated isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, China. kongfeijuan@163.com
authors.forename: Feijuan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Shuping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Leilei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Huishun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Honghai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wenwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D062186:Arterial Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D056547:CA1 Region, Hippocampal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008911:Minocycline / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007530:Isoflurane; D053148:Caspase 3; D008911:Minocycline