title: Cell cycle regulation in human embryonic stem cells: links to adaptation to cell culture.
abstract: Cell cycle represents not only a tightly orchestrated mechanism of cell replication and cell division but it also plays an important role in regulation of cell fate decision. Particularly in the context of pluripotent stem cells or multipotent progenitor cells, regulation of cell fate decision is of paramount importance. It has been shown that human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) show unique cell cycle characteristics, such as short doubling time due to abbreviated G1 phase; these properties change with the onset of differentiation. This review summarizes the current understanding of cell cycle regulation in hESCs. We discuss cell cycle properties as well as regulatory machinery governing cell cycle progression of undifferentiated hESCs. Additionally, we provide evidence that long-term culture of hESCs is accompanied by changes in cell cycle properties as well as configuration of several cell cycle regulatory molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, Brno 62500, Czech Republic. serrano@biology.rutgers.edu
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barta
authors.forename: Dasa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dolezalova
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Holubcova
authors.forename: Ales
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hampl
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000502:physiology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins