title: Synergistic effect between bioactive glass foam and a perfusion bioreactor on osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells.
abstract: Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary science that combines a structural scaffold and cells to form a construct able to promote regeneration of injured tissue. Bioactive glass foam produced by sol-gel is an osteoinductive material with a network of interconnected macropores necessary for cell colonization. The use of human adipose-derived stem cell (hASC) presents advantages as the potential for a large number of cells, rapid expansion in vitro and the capability of differentiating into osteoblasts. The use of a bioreactor in three-dimensional cell culture enables greater efficiency for cell nutrition and application of mechanical forces, important modulators of bone physiology. The hASC seeded in a bioactive glass scaffold and cultured in osteogenic Leibovitz L-15 medium in a bioreactor with a flow rate of 0.1 mL min(-1) demonstrated a significant increase in cell proliferation and viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity peak after 14 days. The immunofluorescence assay revealed an expression of osteopontin, osteocalcin and type I collagen from 7 to 21 days after culture. The cells changed from a spindle shape to a cuboidal morphology characteristic of osteoblasts. The polymerase chain reaction assay confirmed that osteopontin, osteocalcin, and ALP genes were expressed. These results indicate that hASCs differentiated into an osteogenic phenotype when cultured in bioactive glass scaffold, osteogenic Leibovitz L-15 medium and a perfusion bioreactor. Therefore, these results highlight the synergism between a bioactive glass scaffold and the effect of perfusion on cells and indicate the differentiation into an osteogenic phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Laboratory of Biomaterials, Engineering School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: A R P
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: A C C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.forename: T M M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Goes
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pereria
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D019149:Bioreactors; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology; D010012:Osteogenesis; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials
keywords: bioactive glass foam; human adipose stem cells; osteogenic differentiation; perfusion bioreactor