title: Effects of continuous renal replacement therapy on renal inflammatory cytokines during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a porcine model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been recommended for the treatment of patients with acute, potentially reversible, life-threatening respiratory failure which unresponsive to conventional therapy. But it is unclear about how ECMO affects renal tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four piglets weighing 25 to 32 kg were used in this experiment. The piglets were randomly allocated to 4 groups of 6 animals each: sham group (S group), control group (C group), VV-ECMO group (E group), VV-ECMO combined with CRRT group (EC group). The piglets were sacrificed and the kidney tissue were harvest to determine the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NF-КB by using the ELISA and RT-PCR method, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with C group and S group, E group renal tissue IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NF-КB expression increased significantly, respectively (p < 0.01). Compared with E group, EC group showed renal tissue IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NF-КB expression decreased significantly, respectively (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ECMO enables to inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, NF-КB released significantly, renal function impaired and immune homeostasis were to imbalance; ECMO combined with CRRT treatment can alleviate levels of inflammatory cytokines, maintain immune homeostasis balance and thus ameliorate the ECMO-related acute kidney injury(AKI).
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yimin
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wenkui
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jialiang
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiyi
authors.forename: Shen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Juanhong
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhiliang
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Changsheng
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jieshou
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology*; D000818:Animals; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha