title: Reliability and validity of the short form of the literacy-independent cognitive assessment in the elderly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Literacy-Independent Cognitive Assessment (LICA) has been developed for a diagnosis of dementia and is a useful neuropsychological test battery for illiterate populations as well as literate populations. The objective of this study was to develop the short form of the LICA (S-LICA) and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the S-LICA.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subtests of the S-LICA were selected based on the factor analysis and validation study results of the LICA. Patients with dementia (n=101) and normal elderly controls (n=185) participated in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cronbach's coefficient alpha of the S-LICA was 0.92 for illiterate subjects and 0.94 for literate subjects, and the item-total correlation ranged from 0.63 to 0.81 (p<.01).The test-retest reliability of the S-LICA total score was high (r=0.94, p<.001), and the subtests had high test-retest reliabilities (r=0.68-0.87, p<.01). The correlation between the K-MMSE and S-LICA total scores were substantial in both the illiterate subjects (r=0.837, p<.001) and the literate subjects(r=0.802, p<.001). The correlation between the S-LICA and LICA was very high (r=0.989, p<.001). The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic was 0.999 for the literate subjects and 0.985 for the illiterate subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of the S-LICA for a diagnosis of dementia were 97% and 96% at the cutoff point of 72 for the literate subjects, and 96% and 93% at the cutoff point of 68 for the illiterate subjects, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that the S-LICA is a reliable and valid instrument for quick evaluation of patients with dementia in both illiterate and literate elderly populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicne, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jungeun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jee H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Seol-Heui
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hui Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Jun-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Dong Woo
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Seong Hye
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: dementia; illiteracy; sensitivity; specificity