title: Reduction of hazardous organic solvent in sample preparation for hydrophilic pesticide residues in agricultural products with conventional liquid chromatography.
abstract: An original extraction method using water as an extractant has been established for environmentally friendly sample preparation procedures for hydrophilic pesticides (acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, flonicamid, imidacloprid, methomyl, pymetrozine, thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam) in agricultural samples with conventional HPLC. Water-based extraction and cleanup with two solid-phase extraction cartridges can recover target hydrophilic pesticides quantitatively. The matrix effects of tested samples on the proposed method developed herein were negligibly small. Under the optimized conditions, the recoveries of almost all tested pesticides were 70-120% with satisfactory precision (%CV < 20%). The analytical data are in good accordance with Japanese or European Union guidelines for pesticide residue analysis. The reduction rate of hazardous organic solvents used for the proposed method and by reducing the sample size for extraction was about 70% compared with the Japanese authorized reference method used in this work. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed sample preparation procedures for hydrophilic pesticides.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan. eikiw@affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: Eiki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yuso
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobara
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Heesoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eun
mesh_terms: D002212:Capsicum / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry*; D005060:Europe; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007564:Japan; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D012997:Solvents / Q000009:adverse effects; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water