title: Interfacial film formation: influence on oil spreading rates in lab basin tests and dispersant effectiveness testing in a wave tank.
abstract: Test facilities such as lab basins and wave tanks are essential when evaluating the use of chemical dispersants to treat oil spills at sea. However, these test facilities have boundaries (walls) that provide an ideal environment for surface (interfacial) film formation on seawater. Surface films may form from surfactants naturally present in crude oil as well as dispersant drift/overspray when applied to an oil spill. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of surface film formation on oil spreading rates in a small scale lab basin and on dispersant effectiveness conducted in a large scale wave tank. The process of crude oil spreading on the surface of the basin seawater was influenced in the presence of a surface film as shown using a 1st order kinetic model. In addition, interfacial film formation can greatly influence chemically dispersed crude oil in a large scale dynamic wave tank.
authors.affiliation: Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Ecosystem Research Division, Centre for Offshore Oil, Gas and Energy Research, Challenger Dr., Dartmouth, NS, Canada B2Y 4A2. Thomas.King@mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca
authors.forename: Thomas L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Jason A C
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Clyburne
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D007753:Laboratories; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis*; D059392:Petroleum Pollution; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical