title: Bioavailability enhancers of herbal origin: an overview.
abstract: Recently, the use of herbal medicines has been increased all over the world due to their therapeutic effects and fewer adverse effects as compared to the modern medicines. However, many herbal drugs and herbal extracts despite of their impressive in-vitro findings demonstrates less or negligible in-vivo activity due to their poor lipid solubility or improper molecular size, resulting in poor absorption and hence poor bioavailability. Nowadays with the advancement in the technology, novel drug delivery systems open the door towards the development of enhancing bioavailability of herbal drug delivery systems. For last one decade many novel carriers such as liposomes, microspheres, nanoparticles, transferosomes, ethosomes, lipid based systems etc. have been reported for successful modified delivery of various herbal drugs. Many herbal compounds including quercetin, genistein, naringin, sinomenine, piperine, glycyrrhizin and nitrile glycoside have demonstrated capability to enhance the bioavailability. The objective of this review is to summarize various available novel drug delivery technologies which have been developed for delivery of drugs (herbal), and to achieve better therapeutic response. An attempt has also been made to compile a profile on bioavailability enhancers of herbal origin with the mechanism of action (wherever reported) and studies on improvement in drug bioavailability, exhibited particularly by natural compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology and Management (BBD University), BBD Green City, Lucknow, U.P., 227105, India.
authors.forename: Kritika
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kesarwani
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukerjee
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D029001:Herbal Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D036103:Nanotechnology; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Bioavailability; Bioenhancer; Formulation; Herbal; Nanotechnology; Novel Drug Delivery System