title: [Prevention of bacterial risk: pathogen inactivation/detection of bacteria].
abstract: Bacterial contamination of blood products remains the most important infectious risk of blood transfusion in 2013. Platelet concentrates (PC) are in cause in the majority of the transfusion reaction due to bacterial contaminations. A lot of prevention methods have been developed over the last 10 years (pre-donation interview, skin decontamination, diversion of the first 30 mL of the donation, leuko-reduction...), they have focused on limiting the contamination of the donations and prevent the bacterial growth in donations and/or in the blood products. These measures were effective and led to significantly reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with bacterial growth. However, every year there are about six accidents (with a high level of imputability) and one death. The reduction of the bacterial risk remains a priority for the French Blood Establishment (EFS). The procedure for skin disinfection is going to be improved in order to further strengthen this crucial step to avoid the contamination of donation. Methods of pathogen inactivation applied to plasma and PC are available in France and their effectiveness is demonstrated on the bacterial risk. Methods for bacterial detection of PC are used in many countries now. Automated culture is the most common. Alternatives are now available in the form of rapid tests able to analyze the PC just before the delivery and avoid false negatives observed with automated culture. Assessments are under way to confirm these benefits in 2013.
authors.affiliation: Établissement français du sang (EFS) Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, BP 1937, 1, boulevard Alexander-Fleming, 25020 Besançon cedex, France. pascal.morel@efs.sante.fr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Naegelen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deschaseaux
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bardiaux
mesh_terms: D001331:Automation; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000382:microbiology; D058731:Blood Safety / Q000379:methods*; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D017848:Blood-Borne Pathogens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005602:France; D011564:Furocoumarins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D050296:Microbial Viability; D010777:Photochemistry; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D010949:Plasma / Q000382:microbiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D011564:Furocoumarins; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C118577:amotosalen