title: Effects of ingestion of a commercially available thermogenic dietary supplement on resting energy expenditure, mood state and cardiovascular measures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increasing metabolism is a primary focus of many commercially available dietary supplements marketed to support weight management. Caffeine (e.g. anhydrous and herbal) and green tea are key ingredients in such products, augmenting resting energy expenditure (REE) and improving reported mood states (alertness, fatigue, focus, etc.). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a thermogenic dietary supplement (DBX) on REE, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), reported measures of alertness, focus, energy, concentration, fatigue, and hunger, as well as the general safety of the product based on electrocardiogram (ECG) and hemodynamic responses in habitual caffeine consumers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six male and six female subjects (mean ± SD; 22.50 ± 3.22 years; 76.94 ± 14.78 kg; 22.7 ± 9.5% body fat), physically active (≥12 months), and moderate habitual caffeine consumers (<200 mg/day) received either two capsules of DBX containing 340 mg of total caffeine plus green tea extract, yerba mate extract, carnitine tartrate and other active ingredients or a placebo (PLC) in a double-blinded, crossover design. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), REE, RER and perceived mood states were measured at baseline and then hourly for four hours after ingesting either treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resting energy expenditure was significantly increased at all four time points and significant increases were determined for perceived alertness (p = 0.026) and focus (p = 0.05) at hour 1 and for energy at 1 and 2 hours after treatment for the DBX group (p = 0.008 and p = 0.017, respectively). Additionally, perceived fatigue was decreased at the hour 1 assessment (p = 0.010). No significant differences were seen between DBX and placebo for hunger, anxiety, HR, BP, ECG patterns or RER.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this investigation support that the proprietary blend of this thermogenic aid is capable of increasing REE for four hours post-ingestion while supporting increased focus, alertness, and energy as well as decreasing fatigue without promoting anxiety or causing significant changes in HR, BP, or ECG measurements in habitual caffeine consumers.
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Lab, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Human Performance Lab, Belton, TX, 76513, USA. cwilborn@umhb.edu.
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Outlaw
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wilborn
authors.forename: Abbie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Stacie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urbina
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayward
authors.forename: Cliffa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wildman
authors.forename: Lem
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Taylor