title: Transporter-mediated biofuel secretion.
abstract: Engineering microorganisms to produce biofuels is currently among the most promising strategies in renewable energy. However, harvesting these organisms for extracting biofuels is energy- and cost-intensive, limiting the commercial feasibility of large-scale production. Here, we demonstrate the use of a class of transport proteins of pharmacological interest to circumvent the need to harvest biomass during biofuel production. We show that membrane-embedded transporters, better known to efflux lipids and drugs, can be used to mediate the secretion of intracellularly synthesized model isoprenoid biofuel compounds to the extracellular milieu. Transporter-mediated biofuel secretion sustainably maintained an approximate three- to fivefold boost in biofuel production in our Escherichia coli test system. Because the transporters used in this study belong to the ubiquitous ATP-binding cassette protein family, we propose their use as "plug-and-play" biofuel-secreting systems in a variety of bacteria, cyanobacteria, diatoms, yeast, and algae used for biofuel production. This investigation showcases the potential of expressing desired membrane transport proteins in cell factories to achieve the export or import of substances of economic, environmental, or therapeutic importance.
authors.affiliation: Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Rupak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Doshi
authors.forename: Tuan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000737:chemistry*; D056804:Biofuels; D001692:Biological Transport; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism*; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D056804:Biofuels
keywords: ABC transporters; biofuel milking; green fuel; multidrug efflux