title: Metabolic syndrome among pre- and post-menopausal rural women in Bangladesh: result from a population-based study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prevalence of non-communicable diseases are a challenging problems among menopausal women specially in a least developed country like Bangladesh, where majority of women suffering from at least one chronic diseases after menopausal age. So, the main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related risk factors in Bangladeshi pre- and post-menopausal women living in the rural setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is based on a community based cross-sectional survey among 1802 rural women aged ≥15 years. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the criteria of NCEP-ATP III. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between menopausal status and metabolic syndrome and its components.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metabolic syndrome was presented in 25.6% respondents and it was more prevalent among post-menopausal (39.3%) as compared to pre-menopausal (16.8%) women. Logistic regression analysis reveals that prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 1.78 times higher in post-menopausal women than pre-menopausal women (P = 0.001). Prevalence of high blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose, and high triglyceride were significantly higher in post-menopausal women than pre-menopausal women (P < 0.05). However, prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in post-menopausal women than pre-menopausal women (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolic syndrome seems to be a major health problem among post-menopausal women in many developing countries like Bangladesh and proper policy emphasis should be given on its prevention and control.
authors.forename: Subrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jesmin
authors.forename: A M Shahidul
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Shamima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akter
authors.forename: Md Majedul
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Sayeeda Nusrat
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moroi
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiroe
authors.forename: Sosuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Kawano
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saturo
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizutani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population