title: Genoprotective effects of lignin isolated from oil palm black liquor waste.
abstract: Black liquor waste (BLW), a major by-product of palm oil extraction process contains lignin as one of the constituents. Lignin isolated from BLW was evaluated for antioxidant and genoprotective properties and was compared with the commercial lignin for overall efficacy. Antioxidant compounds (phenolics and tannins) and antioxidant activities (phosphomolybdenum assay, ABTS(+) and FRAP assays) of lignin isolated from BLW were compared with commercial lignin. Bone marrow micronucleus (MN) test was employed for evaluating the dose-yield protective effect against cyclophosphamide (CP, 50mg/kg b.w.) induced genotoxicity in mouse. Results revealed isolated lignin to exhibit rich antioxidant activities. A decrease in MN frequency and recovery of P/N ratio (P: polychromatic erythrocytes, N: normochromatic erhythocytes) indicated protective effects of lignin against cyclophosphamide induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. The efficacy of BLW-derived lignin as an antioxidant and genoprotective agent was comparable to commercial lignin. Results on lignin isolated from BLW are envisaged to find potential applications in food and/or pharmaceutical industries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri 574 199, India.
authors.forename: Prashantha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.forename: Hj Din
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Rozman
authors.forename: Rajeev
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005260:Female; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008031:Lignin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000187:drug effects*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils; D013634:Tannins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009153:Mutagens; D010636:Phenols; D010938:Plant Oils; D013634:Tannins; D000073878:Palm Oil; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D008031:Lignin