title: Decremental left ventricular deformation after pulmonary artery band training and subsequent repair in ventriculoarterial discordance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with ventriculoarterial discordance, such as congenitally corrected and d-transposition of the great arteries, may undergo a morphologic left ventricular (LV) training strategy consisting of surgical pulmonary artery band (PAB) placement and subsequent anatomic repair to establish ventriculoarterial concordance. The purpose of this study was to characterize morphologic LV function and deformation longitudinally using speckle-tracking strain analysis in patients with ventriculoarterial discordance who underwent LV training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine patients (12 with d-transposition of the great arteries and 17 with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries) who underwent LV training with PAB placement were evaluated retrospectively. LV ejection fraction and global and regional longitudinal strain and strain rate were measured before and 7 ± 5 days after PAB placement and subsequent anatomic repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAB placement caused reductions in the mean LV ejection fraction from 76.1 ± 10.2% to 66.7 ± 7.8% (P < .001), in mean global strain from -17.7 ± 9% to -13.3 ± 7.5% (P = .01), and in mean lateral wall strain from -23.3 ± 12.8% to -17.5 ± 10.3% (P = .01). After anatomic repair (a median of 21 months after PAB placement; range, 0.5-104 months), mean LV ejection fraction decreased further from 63.3 ± 8.6% to 52.4 ± 14.9% (P < .05). Mean global strain declined from -17.6% ± 4.4 to -12.6 ± 4% (P = .01), and mean lateral wall strain decreased from -18.2 ± 11.4% to -12.6 ± 5.3% (P = .04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with ventriculoarterial discordance undergoing PAB placement for LV training and anatomic repair, the morphologic left ventricle demonstrated decremental systolic function and global longitudinal deformation acutely. Frequent functional assessment is warranted to understand long-term myocardial mechanics in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA. heather.sun@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Heather Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Fariborz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Behzadian
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Punn
authors.forename: Theresa A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Tacy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*