title: Variation in bioactive principles of Artemisia amygdalina Decne. in wild and tissue culture regenerants.
abstract: Wild and tissue culture raised regenerants of Artemisia amygdalina, a critically endangered and endemic plant of Kashmir and North West Frontier Provinces of Pakistan were screened for the amount of bioactive principles and in particular antimalarial compound artemesinin. Phytochemical screening of extracts revealed the presence of terpenes, alkaloids, phenolics, tannins (polyphenolics), cardiac glycosides and steroids in wild (aerial, inflorescence) and tissue culture regenerants (in vitro grown plant, callus and green house acclimatized plants). HPLC of Artemisia amygdalina revealed the presence of artemesinin in petroleum ether extracts of wild aerial part, tissue culture raised plant and green house acclimatized plants. Acetonitrile and water in 70:30 ratios at flow rate of 1ml/min was standardised as mobile phase. Retention time for standard chromatogram was 6.7. Wild inflorescences and callus does not produce artemesinin. This is the first report of phytochemical screening and artemesinin estimation of wild and tissue culture raised regenerants of Artemisia amygdalina.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
authors.forename: Rafia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rasool
authors.forename: Bashir Ahmad
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ganai
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akbar
authors.forename: Azra Nahaid
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Kamili
authors.forename: Muhammad Younus
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Dar
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masood
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000737:chemistry; D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry*; D002301:Cardiac Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D013256:Steroids / Q000737:chemistry; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000962:Antimalarials; D001688:Biological Products; D002301:Cardiac Glycosides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013256:Steroids; D013634:Tannins; D013729:Terpenes