title: Evaluation of a new image-enhanced endoscopic technology using band-limited light for detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical utility of a new image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) technology called optical enhancement imaging (OEI-1, -2, -3) by quantitatively evaluating diagnostic performance in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in order to facilitate detection and characterization of gastrointestinal tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved 10 esophageal SCC resected endoscopically at our hospital. Ex vivo observation of the boundary area between normal and SCC was done using each mode (white light image [WLI], OEI-1, OEI-2, and OEI-3) with and without magnification. The additional effect of OEI on WLI was evaluated by calculating the color difference (expressed as ΔE94 ) between SCC and normal epithelium, and that between the intraepithelial papillary capillary loop (IPCL) and inter-vascular background coloration (IVBC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean ΔE94 values between SCC and normal epithelium for WLI, OEI-1, OEI-2, and OEI-3 were 9.37 ± 4.64, 13.82 ± 4.46,13.26 ± 4.73, and 16.44 ± 4.83, respectively; the corresponding values between IPCL and IVBC were 17.57 ± 10.17, 29.32 ± 9.95, 25.41 ± 11.72, and 23.71 ± 11.58, respectively. Compared with WLI, all OEI exhibited significant additional effect on ΔE94 . Furthermore, we found significant additional effect of OEI-3 in observing SCC and normal epithelium, and of OEI-1 in observing IPCL and IVBC, compared with other OEI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that OEI improves endoscopic detection and characterization of esophageal SCC compared with WLI. Moreover, the data indicate that OEI-3 is useful for detection and OEI-1 is useful for characterization of esophageal SCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kodashima
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujishiro
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niimi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Itsuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Asada-Hirayama
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Konno-Shimizu
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Minatsuki
authors.forename: Chiemi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: Nobutake
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamichi
authors.forename: Chinari
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koike
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D020701:Esophagoscopes; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062048:Narrow Band Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: band-limited light; image-enhanced endoscopy; inter-vascular background coloration; intraepithelial papillary capillary loop; optical enhancement imaging