title: Combination treatment with platycodin D and osthole inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in mammary carcinoma cell lines.
abstract: In this study, two invasive mammary carcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231 and 4T1) were utilized to evaluate the inhibitory activities of platycodin D, osthole, and the two in combination. The anti-proliferative effect was tested using the MTT and BrdU assay, and the combination of 15μM osthole and 75μM platycodin D was used for subsequent analyses. The anti-invasive effect was evaluated by the transwell assay. The results showed that the combination treatment reduced both cell proliferation and invasion. Western blot and real-time PCR revealed that the platycodin D-osthole combination significantly decreased TβRII, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4 gene or protein expressions, as well as effectively blocked TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3. Thus, this study demonstrates that the anti-cancer effects of the platycodin D-osthole combination in breast cancer cells involve proliferation inhibition and invasion blockade, both of which may be mediated by perturbations in the TGF-β/Smads pathway.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, 725 Wanpingnan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yiyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xianghui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Baofeng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zhenping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003374:Coumarins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012503:Saponins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051785:Smad Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003374:Coumarins; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D012503:Saponins; D051785:Smad Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014315:Triterpenes; C108953:platycodin D; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; C046627:osthol