title: Intra-voxel incoherent motion MRI in rodent model of diethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the perfusion fraction measured by intra-voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with liver fibrosis degrees in a rodent model.
  
  
  METHODS
  All experiments received approval from our institutional animal care and use committee. Liver fibrosis was induced in 13 rats by oral gavage with diethylnitrosamine; 4 untreated rats with normal livers were used as controls. Diffusion Weighted MRI was performed and 8 gradient factors (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400 and 500s/mm(2)) were acquired. The values of ADC, true diffusion coefficient D and perfusion fraction f were measured based on Li Bihan's method. The percentage of liver fibrosis was assessed via quantitative analysis of Masson trichrome staining using an average of 30 fields per section. The MRI measurements were compared to the histological fibrotic grade to evaluate the correlation between them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ADC contained the contribution of diffusion and perfusion. The ADC and f values decreased significantly with the increasing fibrosis level (correlation coefficient: ADC: ρ=-0.781, p<0.001; f: ρ=-0.720, p=0.001); but D was poorly correlated with fibrosis level (ρ=-0.502, p=0.040).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hepatic ADC and the perfusion fraction f were significantly correlated with the liver fibrosis level; however, D was not. This might suggest that hepatic perfusion is altered during the progression of hepatic fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Sarah B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Guang-Yu
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Reed A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Omary
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Larson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004052:Diethylnitrosamine