title: Nested multiplex PCR based detection of human papillomavirus in cervical carcinoma patients of North- East India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Persistent infection of one or more of about 15 high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), most commonly HPV types 16/18, has a significant role in cervical cancer initiation and progression. There are limited data available from north-east India about HPV prevalence though this region has high incidence rates of cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the HPV genotypes prevalent in cervical cancer patients of north-east India.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed 107 cervical cancer patient samples. Nested multiplex PCR assays were employed for detection of 13 high risk and 5 low risk HPV types.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPV was confirmed in 105 samples. The presence of 6 'carcinogenic' HPV types, HPV-16 (88%), -18 (15%), -31(4%) ,-45 (3%), -59 (4%), -58(1%), and one non carcinogenic, HPV-6/11 (6%), was recorded. Among various demographic and clinical factors only tumour stage showed a statistically significant association with HPV type infection (P=0.019).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that the most prevalent genotype is HPV-16 followed by HPV-18 in cervical carcinoma patients of the north-eastern region of India. Advanced tumour stage may be associated with increased possibility of harbouring multiple HPV genotypes.
authors.affiliation: DBT Centre for Molecular Biology and Cancer Research, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, India.
authors.forename: Debabrata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Avdhesh Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.forename: Amal Chandra
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kataki
authors.forename: Debabrata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barmon
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deka
authors.forename: Jagannath Dev
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Anupam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarma
authors.forename: Sushruta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shrivastava
authors.forename: Mouchumee
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.forename: Apurba Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kalita
authors.forename: Mousumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Shiraj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D058952:Human papillomavirus 31 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral