title: A case of synchronous bilateral lung cancers: EML4-ALK positive adenocarcinoma in the right lung and adenocarcinoma in situ (the former bronchioloalveolar carcinoma) in the left lung.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently it has been revealed that lung adenocarcinomas with distinct gene mutations or fusions are associated with particular histopathological entities. For example, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations are often associated with well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung with bronchioloalveolar pattern. On the other hand, echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion gene in a subset of lung adenocarcinoma is related to mucinous cribriform histology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reported herein is a case of synchronous EML4-ALK positive lung adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma in situ in the bilateral lungs of a 55-year-old Japanese woman. The woman had EML4-ALK positive lung adenocarcinoma in the right lower lung while adenocarcinoma in situ in the left upper lung, which was EML4-ALK negative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first report of synchronous, bilateral lung adenocarcinomas composed of EML4-ALK positive and negative ones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Shinjiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mizuguchi
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Teramura
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirota
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D002282:Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar / Q000473:pathology*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000473:pathology*; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C522504:EML4-ALK fusion protein, human; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion