title: Vascular reactivity and ACE activity response to exercise training are modulated by the +9/-9 bradykinin B₂ receptor gene functional polymorphism.
abstract: The bradykinin receptor B₂ (BDKRB₂) gene +9/-9 polymorphism has been associated with higher gene transcriptional activity, and characteristics of cardiovascular phenotypes and physical performance. We hypothesized that vasodilation and ACE activity response to exercise training is modulated by BDKRB₂ gene. We genotyped 71 healthy volunteers were genotyped for the BDKRB₂ gene polymorphism. Heart rate (HR), mean blood pressure (MBP), and forearm blood flow (FBF) were evaluated. Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) activity was measured by fluorescence. Aerobic training was performed for 16 wk. All variables were reassessed after completion of the training period. In pretraining period, HR, MBP, FBF, and forearm vascular conductance (FVC) were similar among all genotypes. After physical training, the FBF and the FVC response during handgrip exercise such as area under the curve were higher in -9/-9 carriers than the other two groups. However, there were no changes in HR and MBP for all three groups. In addition, in posttraining period the decrease in ACE activity was higher in the -9/-9 group than the other two groups. These results suggest that reflex muscle vasodilation and ACE activity in response to exercise training are modulated by BDKRB₂ gene +9/-9 polymorphism in healthy individuals.
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cléber Rene
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Guilherme Barreto
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Alexandre Costa
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Ivani Credidio
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Trombetta
authors.forename: Rodrigo Gonçalves
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Glória F A
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: José Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Krieger
authors.forename: Carlos Eduardo
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Negrão
authors.forename: Edilamar Menezes
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D043782:Receptor, Bradykinin B2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D043782:Receptor, Bradykinin B2; C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: ACE; angiotensin I converting enzyme; bradykinin; exercise training; polymorphism; vascular reactivity