title: C13C4.5/Spinster, an evolutionarily conserved protein that regulates fertility in C. elegans through a lysosome-mediated lipid metabolism process.
abstract: Lipid droplets, which are conserved across almost all species, are cytoplasmic organelles used to store neutral lipids. Identification of lipid droplet regulators will be conducive to resolving obesity and other fat-associated diseases. In this paper, we selected 11 candidates that might be associated with lipid metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans. Using a BODIPY 493/503-based flow cytometry screen, 6 negative and 3 positive regulators of fat content were identified. We selected one negative regulator of lipid content, C13C4.5, for future study. C13C4.5 was mainly expressed in the worm intestine. We found that this gene was important for maintaining the metabolism of lipid droplets. Biochemical results revealed that 50% of triacylglycerol (TAG) was lost in C13C4.5 knockout worms. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) signals in C13C4.5 mutants showed only 49.6% of the fat content in the proximal intestinal region and 86.3% in the distal intestinal region compared with wild type animals. The mean values of lipid droplet size and intensity in C13C4.5 knockout animals were found to be significantly decreased compared with those in wild type worms. The LMP-1-labeled membrane structures in worm intestines were also enlarged in C13C4.5 mutant animals. Finally, fertility defects were found in C13C4.5(ok2087) mutants. Taken together, these results indicate that C13C4.5 may regulate the fertility of C. elegans by changing the size and fat content of lipid droplets by interfering with lysosomal morphology and function.
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yongdeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Pingsheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Pingyong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005298:Fertility; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000235:genetics*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; C585521:spin-1 protein, C elegans