title: Potential antibacterial activity of berberine against multi drug resistant enterovirulent Escherichia coli isolated from yaks (Poephagus grunniens) with haemorrhagic diarrhoea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of berberine, a plant alkaloid.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five multi-drug resistant (MDR) STEC/EPEC and five MDR ETEC isolates from yaks with haemorrhagic diarrhoea were selected for the study. Antibacterial activity of berberine was evaluated by broth dilution and disc diffusion methods. The binding kinetics of berberine to DNA and protein was also enumerated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both categories of enterovirulent Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates, berberine displayed the antibacterial effect in a dose dependent manner. The MIC(50) of berberine chloride for STEC/EPEC isolates varied from 2.07 μM to 3.6 μM with a mean of (2.95 ± 0.33) μM where as for ETEC strains it varied from 1.75 to 1.96 μM with a mean of (1.87 ± 0.03) μM. Berberine bind more tightly with double helix DNA with Bmax and Kd of (24.68±2.62) and (357.8±57.8), respectively. Berberine reacted with protein in comparatively loose manner with Bmax and Kd of (18.9±3.83) and (286.2±113.6), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate clearly that berberine may serve as a good antibacterial against multi drug resistant E. coli.
authors.affiliation: Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata-37, India. samiranvet@gmail.com
authors.forename: Samiran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bandyopadhyay
authors.forename: Pabitra H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Patra
authors.forename: Achintya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahanti
authors.forename: Dipak K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Mondal
authors.forename: Premanshu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dandapat
authors.forename: Subhasis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bandyopadhyay
authors.forename: Indranil
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Samanta
authors.forename: Chandan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lodh
authors.forename: Asit K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bera
authors.forename: Debasish
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.forename: Mihir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Kishore K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Baruah
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001599:Berberine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000662:veterinary; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D054308:Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli; D054307:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000662:veterinary; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D054323:Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D001599:Berberine