title: Guanine nucleotide binding protein β 1: a novel transduction protein with a possible role in human breast cancer.
abstract: To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the relationship between guanine nucleotide binding protein β-1 (GNB1) mRNA expression and clinicopathological parameters. Furthermore, the correlations between GNB1, Rictor and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were also investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Breast cancer tissues (n=136) and normal tissues (n=31) underwent reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Transcript levels were correlated with clinicopathological data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher mRNA transcript levels of GNB1 were found in the breast cancer specimens in paired samples (p=0.0029). The mRNA expression of GNB1 increased with TNM stage (TNM1 vs. TNM2/3/4, p=0.036), tumour grade (grade 2 vs. 3, p=0.006), in ductal tumours (p=0.0081), and was associated with adverse patient outcomes (mortality vs. disease-free survival: 4.9 vs. 0.01, p=0.027). GNB1 was positively-correlated with mTOR (r=0.525, p<0.000001) and Rictor (r=0.388, p=0.0000606).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations may suggest that GNB1 plays an important role in the mTOR-related anti-apoptosis pathway and can potentially be targeted in the treatment of human breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, St. George’s Hospital and Medical School, University of London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Umar
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wazir
authors.forename: Wen G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Anup K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Kefah
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mokbel
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D044387:GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C516790:GNB1 protein, human; D044387:GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases