title: Dual cloud point extraction coupled with hydrodynamic-electrokinetic two-step injection followed by micellar electrokinetic chromatography for simultaneous determination of trace phenolic estrogens in water samples.
abstract: A dual cloud point extraction (dCPE) off-line enrichment procedure coupled with a hydrodynamic-electrokinetic two-step injection online enrichment technique was successfully developed for simultaneous preconcentration of trace phenolic estrogens (hexestrol, dienestrol, and diethylstilbestrol) in water samples followed by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) analysis. Several parameters affecting the extraction and online injection conditions were optimized. Under optimal dCPE-two-step injection-MEKC conditions, detection limits of 7.9-8.9 ng/mL and good linearity in the range from 0.05 to 5 μg/mL with correlation coefficients R(2) ≥ 0.9990 were achieved. Satisfactory recoveries ranging from 83 to 108% were obtained with lake and tap water spiked at 0.1 and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively, with relative standard deviations (n = 6) of 1.3-3.1%. This method was demonstrated to be convenient, rapid, cost-effective, and environmentally benign, and could be used as an alternative to existing methods for analyzing trace residues of phenolic estrogens in water samples.
authors: Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
authors: Yingying
authors: Y
authors: Wen
authors: Jinhua
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Junshen
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Wenhui
authors: W
authors: Lu
authors: Jiping
authors: J
authors: Ma
authors: Lingxin
authors: L
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D020374:Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004967:Estrogens; D010636:Phenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical