title: JAGGED controls Arabidopsis petal growth and shape by interacting with a divergent polarity field.
abstract: A flowering plant generates many different organs such as leaves, petals, and stamens, each with a particular function and shape. These types of organ are thought to represent variations on a common underlying developmental program. However, it is unclear how this program is modulated under different selective constraints to generate the diversity of forms observed. Here we address this problem by analysing the development of Arabidopsis petals and comparing the results to models of leaf development. We show that petal development involves a divergent polarity field with growth rates perpendicular to local polarity increasing towards the distal end of the petal. The hypothesis is supported by the observed pattern of clones induced at various stages of development and by analysis of polarity markers, which show a divergent pattern. We also show that JAGGED (JAG) has a key role in promoting distal enhancement of growth rates and influences the extent of the divergent polarity field. Furthermore, we reveal links between the polarity field and auxin function: auxin-responsive markers such as DR5 have a broader distribution along the distal petal margin, consistent with the broad distal organiser of polarity, and PETAL LOSS (PTL), which has been implicated in the control of auxin dynamics during petal initiation, is directly repressed by JAG. By comparing these results with those from studies on leaf development, we show how simple modifications of an underlying developmental system may generate distinct forms, providing flexibility for the evolution of different organ functions.
authors: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Susanna
authors: S
authors: Sauret-Güeto
authors: Katharina
authors: K
authors: Schiessl
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Bangham
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Sablowski
authors: Enrico
authors: E
authors: Coen
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D035264:Flowers / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008954:Models, Biological; D009024:Morphogenesis; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; C484013:JAGGED protein, Arabidopsis; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C116363:PIN1 protein, Arabidopsis; C449300:PIN3 protein, Arabidopsis; C528401:PTL protein, Arabidopsis; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins
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