title: Unravelling the debate over orthopaedic trauma transfers: The sender's perspective.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The increasing frequency of orthopaedic trauma patient transfers is an issue at the centre of the current orthopaedic "call crisis" that has the potential to inundate resources at tertiary care centres. Appropriateness of transfer has been investigated only from the perspective of receiving surgeons. This study investigates the suitability and reasons for orthopaedic trauma patient transfer from the viewpoint of transferring surgeons.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was e-mailed to a random sampling of 500 active members of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the Orthopaedic Trauma Association. Surgeons were split into three groups: senders of trauma patients (senders); orthopaedic traumatologists who receive transfers (traumatologist receivers); and other trauma transfer receivers that are not traumatologists (non-traumatologist receivers). The perceived complexity and appropriateness for transfer of eight virtual case scenarios were determined, along with the specific reasons mitigating transfer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  51 Senders, 90 traumatologist receivers, and 98 non-traumatologist receivers completed 239 surveys. There was agreement between groups for case complexity and appropriateness for transfer in five of eight case scenarios (p<0.05). Fracture complexity was cited as the primary reason for transfer by 28% of senders. However, just as common was a lack of resources at the sending hospital; OR equipment (18%), critical care services (18%), and inability to handle the immediacy of the case (7%) were also cited. Likelihood of uninsured status was the least common reason for transfer (1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In most cases, both senders and receivers of orthopaedic trauma have similar viewpoints regarding fracture complexity and appropriateness of transfer. Sending surgeons cite case complexity and a lack of hospital resources as the primary reasons for patient transfer. Mandating increased call for orthopaedic surgeons at non-trauma centres without a concomitant increase in hospital resources is unlikely to substantially reduce unnecessary patient transfers to higher level facilities.
authors: LCDR, Medical Corps, United States Navy, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, VA, United States. Electronic address: christiaan.mamczak@med.navy.mil.
authors: Christiaan N
authors: CN
authors: Mamczak
authors: Philipp N
authors: PN
authors: Streubel
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Gardner
authors: William M
authors: WM
authors: Ricci
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000145:classification* / Q000601:surgery; D006764:Hospitals, Community; D006801:Humans; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000145:classification* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009985:Orthopedics; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D066231:Surgeons; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014193:Trauma Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Appropriateness of transfer; Orthopaedic call crisis; Orthopaedic trauma transfers