title: Treatment of epiphora in connection with endolacrimal surgery using trephines: new and overview data.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To provide new and to summarize published data on endolacrimal surgery with Piffaretti's trephines, in particular in patients having patent lacrimal drainage system (syringing) and epiphora resistant to medical treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  From two tertiary referral centers (Basel/Switzerland; Belo Horizonte/Brazil), 126 patients undergoing endolacrimal surgery with Piffaretti's trephines, combined, when clinically indicated, with other procedures known to improve epiphora (canthoplasty/pexie and/or conjunctivochalasisplasty).
  
  
  RESULTS
  I) A study (Basel) in 17 patients showed one-year after surgery marked epiphora symptoms' improvement in 88% (15/17) of patients, 65% (11/17) being symptom-free. II) Unpublished data (Belo Horizonte) in 42 patients found 81% (34/42) symptom-free six-months after surgery. Dacryoscintigraphy illustrated postoperative tears' clearance improvement. III) Unpublished data (Belo Horizonte) in 45 patients solely undergoing endolacrimal surgery for complete ductal obstruction found symptom-free, six-months after surgery, 27% (8/30) of patients with preoperatively enlarged lacrimal sac and 80% (12/15) with none-enlarged sac (p < 0.01, Fisher's test). IV) A study (Basel) in 22 epiphora patients reported no correlation (p = 0.62, rho -0.11, Spearman) between preoperative basal Schirmer's test II (oxybuprocain-HCL 0.4%) values and one-year surgical outcome. Patients with preoperative Schirmer's test's values ≤ or > 6 mm had similar mean postoperative symptoms' improvement (82 ± 30%, n = 11 vs. 76 ± 34%, n = 11, p = 0.97, Mann-Whitney).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endolacrimal surgery with Piffaretti's trephines, sometimes combined, when clinically indicated, with other procedures also known to ameliorate epiphora, can in particular improve (different conditions, surgeons, centers) epiphora's symptoms resistant to medical treatments in patients with patent lacrimal drainage system, and this apparently, even when pre-operative basal Schirmer-test values are low. By enlarged lacrimal sac, outcome is poor.
authors: Department of Oculoplastic Surgery, São Geraldo Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Santa Efigênia Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors: A R
authors: AR
authors: Pimentel de Figueiredo
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Almeida Dantas
authors: J-M
authors: JM
authors: Piffaretti
authors: I O
authors: IO
authors: Haefliger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007766:Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013557:Switzerland; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014207:Trephining / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*