title: Incidence and predictors of late seizures in intracerebral hemorrhages.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify incidence and predictors of late seizures (LS, occurring >1 week of stroke) in a cohort of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort of consecutive adults with spontaneous ICH. Incidence and predictors were identified with Cox regression. We included multivariate analyses on MRI biomarkers (global cortical atrophy, leukoaraiosis, brain microbleeds).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our study population consisted of 325 patients: 54% men, median age 70 years (interquartile range, 58-79). During 778 person-years of follow-up, the incidence rate was 4 new cases/100 person-years (95% confidence interval, 3-6). The median delay between ICH and LS was 9 months (interquartile range, 3-23). The only factor independently associated with the occurrence of LS was a cortical involvement of the ICH (hazard ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-6.1). Concerning MRI biomarkers, multivariate analyses found lobar brain microbleeds to be associated with LS (hazard ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-5.4), especially if ≥ 3 (hazard ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-6.8). LS were associated with a worse functional outcome after 3 years of follow-up (P=0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LS frequently occur >9 months after ICH onset, imposing a long-term follow-up. The association of lobar brain microbleeds with the risk of LS might suggest a link with the underlying vasculopathy (cerebral amyloid angiopathy).
authors: Neurology Department, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, CHU Lille, EA 1046, Lille, France 59000.
authors: Costanza
authors: C
authors: Rossi
authors: Veerle
authors: V
authors: De Herdt
authors: Nelly
authors: N
authors: Dequatre-Ponchelle
authors: Hilde
authors: H
authors: Hénon
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Leys
authors: Charlotte
authors: C
authors: Cordonnier
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016657:Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy / Q000150:complications*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012640:Seizures; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: cerebral amyloid angiopathy; intracerebral hemorrhage; seizures; stroke