title: Dentoskeletal changes induced by the Jasper jumper and the activator-headgear combination appliances followed by fixed orthodontic treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to compare the dentoskeletal changes of patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion treated with either the Jasper jumper appliance or the activator-headgear combination, both associated with fixed appliances.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample comprised 72 subjects with Class II Division 1 malocclusion divided into 3 groups: group 1 included 25 subjects treated with fixed appliances and the force modules of the Jasper jumper at an initial mean age of 12.72 years, group 2 included 25 subjects treated with the activator-headgear combination followed by fixed appliances at an initial mean age of 11.07 years, and group 3 included 22 untreated subjects at an initial mean age of 12.67 years. Initial cephalometric characteristics and dentoskeletal changes were compared with analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both experimental groups had similar dentoskeletal changes: restrictive effect on the maxilla, clockwise mandibular rotation and a slight increase in anterior face height, retrusion of the maxillary incisors, distalization of the maxillary molars, protrusion of the mandibular incisors, extrusion of the mandibular molars, and significant improvements of the maxillomandibular relationship, overjet, overbite, and the molar relationship.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effects of the Jasper jumper and the activator-headgear combination followed by fixed orthodontic appliances were similar in Class II malocclusion treatment.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Karina Jerônimo Rodrigues Santiago de
authors: KJ
authors: Lima
authors: José Fernando Castanha
authors: JF
authors: Henriques
authors: Guilherme
authors: G
authors: Janson
authors: Suelen Cristina da Costa
authors: SC
authors: Pereira
authors: Leniana Santos
authors: LS
authors: Neves
authors: Rodrigo Hermont
authors: RH
authors: Cançado
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances; D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000254:growth & development; D008437:Maxilla / Q000254:growth & development; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome