title: Human interaural time difference thresholds for sine tones: the high-frequency limit.
abstract: The smallest detectable interaural time difference (ITD) for sine tones was measured for four human listeners to determine the dependence on tone frequency. At low frequencies, 250-700 Hz, threshold ITDs were approximately inversely proportional to tone frequency. At mid-frequencies, 700-1000 Hz, threshold ITDs were smallest. At high frequencies, above 1000 Hz, thresholds increased faster than exponentially with increasing frequency becoming unmeasurably high just above 1400 Hz. A model for ITD detection began with a biophysically based computational model for a medial superior olive (MSO) neuron that produced robust ITD responses up to 1000 Hz, and demonstrated a dramatic reduction in ITD-dependence from 1000 to 1500 Hz. Rate-ITD functions from the MSO model became inputs to binaural display models-both place based and rate-difference based. A place-based, centroid model with a rigid internal threshold reproduced almost all features of the human data. A signal-detection version of this model reproduced the high-frequency divergence but badly underestimated low-frequency thresholds. A rate-difference model incorporating fast contralateral inhibition reproduced the major features of the human threshold data except for the divergence. A combined, hybrid model could reproduce all the threshold data.
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Hearing Research, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Brughera
authors: Larisa
authors: L
authors: Dunai
authors: William M
authors: WM
authors: Hartmann
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001299:Audiometry; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003463:Cues; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009847:Olivary Nucleus / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D010898:Pitch Perception; D011571:Psychoacoustics; D017603:Signal Detection, Psychological; D013997:Time Factors; D013998:Time Perception; D055815:Young Adult
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