title: Secular changes in the age-specific prevalence of diabetes among U.S. adults: 1988-2010.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the age-specific changes of prevalence of diabetes among U.S. adults during the past 2 decades.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 22,586 adults sampled in three periods of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994, 1999-2004, and 2005-2010). Diabetes was defined as having self-reported diagnosed diabetes or having a fasting plasma glucose level ≥ 126 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (48 mmol/mol).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of adults with diabetes increased by 75% from 1988-1994 to 2005-2010. After adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, and education level, the prevalence of diabetes increased over the two decades across all age-groups. Younger adults (20-34 years of age) had the lowest absolute increase in diabetes prevalence of 1.0%, followed by middle-aged adults (35-64) at 2.7% and older adults (≥ 65) at 10.0% (all P < 0.001). Comparing 2005-2010 with 1988-1994, the adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) by age-group were 2.3, 1.3, and 1.5 for younger, middle-aged, and older adults, respectively (all P < 0.05). After additional adjustment for body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), or waist circumference (WC), the adjusted PR remained statistically significant only for adults ≥ 65 years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During the past two decades, the prevalence of diabetes increased across all age-groups, but adults ≥ 65 years of age experienced the largest increase in absolute change. Obesity, as measured by BMI, WHtR, or WC, was strongly associated with the increase in diabetes prevalence, especially in adults <65.
authors: Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. ycheng@cdc.gov
authors: Yiling J
authors: YJ
authors: Cheng
authors: Giuseppina
authors: G
authors: Imperatore
authors: Linda S
authors: LS
authors: Geiss
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Sharon H
authors: SH
authors: Saydah
authors: Catherine C
authors: CC
authors: Cowie
authors: Edward W
authors: EW
authors: Gregg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
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