title: NGF promotes hemodynamic recovery in a rabbit hindlimb ischemic model through trkA- and VEGFR2-dependent pathways.
abstract: Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been reported to play an important role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that NGF may induce the formation of functional blood vessels in a hindlimb ischemic rabbit model. Hindlimb ischemia was induced in 34 rabbits bilaterally by endovascular embolization of femoral arteries. On the 7th, 14th, and 20th postembolization days, NGF was injected intramuscularly, in 1 ischemic limb, and vehicle was injected in the contralateral control limb. On the 40th day, newly developed collateral vessels (diameter >500 μm) were quantified by transauricular intraarterial subtraction angiography. Perfusion analysis of an in vivo dynamic computed tomography study was performed to the limbs to investigate the hemodynamic recovery of the distal ischemic tissues. Functional estimation of limb perfusion showed a statistically significant increase of blood flow and blood volume for NGF. However, the increase of the collateral vessels was not detectable angiographically, providing evidence for the existence of a NGF-stimulated capillary angiogenic network but not increase of arteriogenesis. The combination of NGF with either tropomyosin-related kinase type A or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antagonists abolished the NGF-induced hemodynamic recovery. These findings provide new insights into understanding the involvement of NGF in vascular formation and its applications in therapeutic angiogenesis.
authors: Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Karatzas
authors: Konstantinos
authors: K
authors: Katsanos
authors: Ioannis
authors: I
authors: Lilis
authors: Helen
authors: H
authors: Papadaki
authors: Panagiotis
authors: P
authors: Kitrou
authors: Shimon
authors: S
authors: Lecht
authors: Cezary
authors: C
authors: Marcinkiewicz
authors: Dimitris
authors: D
authors: Siablis
authors: Peter I
authors: PI
authors: Lelkes
authors: Philip
authors: P
authors: Lazarovici
authors: Nikos E
authors: NE
authors: Tsopanoglou
mesh_terms: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D002196:Capillaries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006614:Hindlimb; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007511:Ischemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D011897:Random Allocation; D020917:Receptor, trkA / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2