title: Capsular contracture rate in a low-risk population after primary augmentation mammaplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The safety of augmentation mammaplasty has increased dramatically in the past 20 years. Capsular contracture (CC) is the most commonly reported complication of augmentation mammaplasty.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The authors report the incidence of CC in a low-risk patient population after primary augmentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of 856 consecutive patients who underwent primary augmentation mammaplasty between 1999 and 2009. This series did not include patients who underwent breast augmentation-mastopexy, secondary augmentation, revision, and/or reconstruction. Data points included demographics, functional and aesthetic outcomes, complications, and revision rate/type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall incidence of CC in 856 patients was 2.8%. Average follow-up time was 14.9 months. Antibiotic irrigation decreased CC rates from 3.9% to 0.4% (P = .004). Tobacco users had higher rates of contracture than nonsmokers (5.5% vs 1.9%; P = .036). Saline implants had a higher CC rate than silicone gel (4.3% vs 1.3%; P = .032). Using multivariate logistic regression, CC was 7.89 times more likely in saline implants than in silicone gel (P = .027, 95% confidence interval, 1.26-49.00).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on our findings, it is apparent that the early CC rate in primary augmentation can be less than 1%. To avoid CC, we advocate an inframmamary approach, submuscular implant placement, and antibiotic irrigation of the breast pocket.
  
  
  METHODS
  3.
authors: Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.
authors: Andrew L
authors: AL
authors: Blount
authors: Matthew D
authors: MD
authors: Martin
authors: Kyle D
authors: KD
authors: Lineberry
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Kettaneh
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Alfonso
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D019928:Breast Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D018427:Breast Implants; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D057910:Implant Capsular Contracture / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: breast augmentation; breast implant; breast surgery; capsular contracture; cosmetic breast surgery; primary augmentation