title: Hybrid PET/MR imaging of the heart: feasibility and initial results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of hybrid imaging of the heart with fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) on an integrated 3-T positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study was approved by the local institutional review board. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients before imaging. Twenty consecutive patients with myocardial infarction (n = 20) underwent cardiac PET/MR imaging examination. Ten patients underwent additional cardiac PET/computed tomography (CT) before PET/MR. Two-dimensional half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo sequences, balanced steady-state free precession cine sequences, two-dimensional turbo inversion-recovery magnitude T2-weighted sequences, and late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) segmented two-dimensional inversion-recovery turbo fast low-angle shot sequences were performed. According to the 17-segment model, PET tracer uptake, wall motion, and late gadolinium enhancement were visually assessed for each segment on a binary scale, and categorical intermethod agreement was calculated by using the Cohen κ. The maximum standardized uptake value was measured in corresponding myocardial locations on PET/CT and PET/MR images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Agreement was substantial over all patients and segments between PET and LGE images (κ = 0.76) and between PET and cine images (κ = 0.78). In 306 segments, 97 (32%) were rated as infarcted on PET images, compared with 93 (30%) rated as infarcted on LGE images and with 90 (29%) rated as infarcted on cine images. In a subgroup of patients (n = 10) with an additional PET/CT scan, no significant difference in myocardial tracer uptake between PET/CT and PET/MR images was found (paired t test, P = .95).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac PET/MR imaging with FDG is feasible and may add complementary information in patients with ischemic heart disease.
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany. felix.nensa@uk-essen.de
authors: Felix
authors: F
authors: Nensa
authors: Thorsten D
authors: TD
authors: Poeppel
authors: Karsten
authors: K
authors: Beiderwellen
authors: Juliane
authors: J
authors: Schelhorn
authors: Amir A
authors: AA
authors: Mahabadi
authors: Raimund
authors: R
authors: Erbel
authors: Philipp
authors: P
authors: Heusch
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Nassenstein
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Bockisch
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Forsting
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Schlosser
mesh_terms: D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques; D003287:Contrast Media; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; C090600:gadobutrol