title: Fixation-related FMRI analysis in the domain of reading research: using self-paced eye movements as markers for hemodynamic brain responses during visual letter string processing.
abstract: The present study investigated the feasibility of using self-paced eye movements during reading (measured by an eye tracker) as markers for calculating hemodynamic brain responses measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Specifically, we were interested in whether the fixation-related fMRI analysis approach was sensitive enough to detect activation differences between reading material (words and pseudowords) and nonreading material (line and unfamiliar Hebrew strings). Reliable reading-related activation was identified in left hemisphere superior temporal, middle temporal, and occipito-temporal regions including the visual word form area (VWFA). The results of the present study are encouraging insofar as fixation-related analysis could be used in future fMRI studies to clarify some of the inconsistent findings in the literature regarding the VWFA. Our study is the first step in investigating specific visual word recognition processes during self-paced natural sentence reading via simultaneous eye tracking and fMRI, thus aiming at an ecologically valid measurement of reading processes. We provided the proof of concept and methodological framework for the analysis of fixation-related fMRI activation in the domain of reading research.
authors: Centre for Neurocognitive Research and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Richlan
authors: Centre for Neurocognitive Research and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Gagl
authors: Centre for Neurocognitive Research and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Hawelka
authors: Centre for Neurocognitive Research and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Braun
authors: Centre for Neurocognitive Research and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Schurz
authors: Centre for Neurocognitive Research and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria Neuroscience Institute, Christian Doppler Clinic, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Kronbichler
authors: Centre for Neurocognitive Research and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
authors: Florian
authors: F
authors: Hutzler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011932:Reading; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cerebrum; functional magnetic resonance imaging; language; visual word form area; visual word recognition
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