title: Characterization of mannosylerythritol lipids containing hexadecatetraenoic acid produced from cuttlefish oil by Pseudozyma churashimaensis OK96.
abstract: Biosurfactants are surface-active compounds produced by microorganisms. Mannosylerythritol lipids (MEL) are promising biosurfactants produced by Ustilaginomycetes, and their physicochemical and biochemical properties differ depending on the chemical structure of their hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic moieties. To further develop MEL derivatives and expand their potential applications, we focused our attention on the use of cuttlefish oil, which contains polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g., docosahexaenoic acid, C₂₂:₆, and eicosapentaenoic acid, C₂₀:₅, as the sole carbon source. Among the microorganisms capable of producing MEL, only nine strains were able to produce them from cuttlefish oil. On gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis, we observed that Pseudozyma churashimaensis OK96 was particularly suitable for the production of MEL-A, a MEL containing hexadecatetraenoic acid (C₁₆:₄) (23.6% of the total unsaturated fatty acids and 7.7% of the total fatty acids). The observed critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at CMC of the new MEL-A were 5.7×10⁻⁶ M and 29.5 mN/m, respectively, while those of MEL-A produced from soybean oil were 2.7×10⁻⁶ M and 27.7 mN/m, respectively. With polarized optical and confocal laser scanning microscopies, the self-assembling properties of MEL-A were found to be different from those of conventional MEL. Furthermore, based on the DPPH radical-scavenging assay, the anti-oxidative activity of MEL-A was found to be 2.1-fold higher than that of MEL-A produced from soybean oil. Thus, the newly identified MEL-A is attractive as a new functional material with excellent surface-active and antioxidative properties.
authors: Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology-AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors: Tomotake
authors: T
authors: Morita
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Kawamura
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Morita
authors: Tokuma
authors: T
authors: Fukuoka
authors: Tomohiro
authors: T
authors: Imura
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Sakai
authors: Masahiko
authors: M
authors: Abe
authors: Dai
authors: D
authors: Kitamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049832:Decapodiformes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D014587:Ustilaginales / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D006017:Glycolipids; D009821:Oils; C114465:hexadecatetraenoic acid; C439671:mannosylerythritol lipid