title: Population exposure to PM2.5 in the urban area of Beijing.
abstract: The air quality in Beijing, especially its PM2.5 level, has become of increasing public concern because of its importance and sensitivity related to health risks. A set of monitored PM2.5 data from 31 stations, released for the first time by the Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau, covering 37 days during autumn 2012, was processed using spatial interpolation and overlay analysis. Following analyses of these data, a distribution map of cumulative exceedance days of PM2.5 and a temporal variation map of PM2.5 for Beijing have been drawn. Computational and analytical results show periodic and directional trends of PM2.5 spreading and congregating in space, which reveals the regulation of PM2.5 overexposure on a discontinuous medium-term scale. With regard to the cumulative effect of PM2.5 on the human body, the harm from lower intensity overexposure in the medium term, and higher overexposure in the short term, are both obvious. Therefore, data of population distribution were integrated into the aforementioned PM2.5 spatial spectrum map. A spatial statistical analysis revealed the patterns of PM2.5 gross exposure and exposure probability of residents in the Beijing urban area. The methods and conclusions of this research reveal relationships between long-term overexposure to PM2.5 and people living in high-exposure areas of Beijing, during the autumn of 2012.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors: An
authors: A
authors: Zhang
authors: Qingwen
authors: Q
authors: Qi
authors: Lili
authors: L
authors: Jiang
authors: Fang
authors: F
authors: Zhou
authors: Jinfeng
authors: J
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002681:China; D002947:Cities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D011336:Probability; D012015:Reference Standards; D012621:Seasons; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter
references: J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2006 Mar;16(2):125-30
references: 16151470
references: J Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(11):1757-64
references: 21235164
references: Environ Int. 2007 Apr;33(3):376-84
references: 17229464
references: Epidemiology. 2000 Jan;11(1):6-10
references: 10615836
references: Risk Anal. 2012 Jan;32(1):81-95
references: 21627672
references: Arch Environ Health. 2002 Jan-Feb;57(1):16-22
references: 12071356
references: Environ Health. 2009 Sep 22;8:42
references: 19772650
references: Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2001 Jan-Mar;124(1-3):109-12
references: 11306943
references: PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e53400
references: 23320082
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012 Nov 20;60(21):2158-66
references: 23103035
references: Int J Health Geogr. 2012 Jan 12;11:3
references: 22239864
references: Environ Sci Technol. 2006 May 15;40(10):3148-55
references: 16749674