title: Dimerization-dependent green and yellow fluorescent proteins.
abstract: Dimerization-dependent fluorescent proteins (ddFP) are a recently introduced class of genetically encoded reporters that can be used for the detection of protein interactions in live cells. The progenitor of this class of tools was a red fluorescent ddFP (ddRFP) derived from a homodimeric variant of Discosoma red fluorescent protein. Here, we describe the engineering and application of an expanded palette of ddFPs, which includes green (ddGFP) and yellow (ddYFP) variants. These optimized variants offer several advantages relative to ddRFP including increased in vitro contrast and brightness for ddGFP and increased brightness and a lowered pK a for ddYFP. We demonstrate that both variants are useful as biosensors for protease activity in live cells. Using the ddGFP tool, we generated a highly effective indicator of endomembrane proximity that can be used to image the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) interface of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria.
authors: Spencer C
authors: SC
authors: Alford
authors: Yidan
authors: Y
authors: Ding
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Simmen
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Campbell
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique / Q000379:methods*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D055503:Protein Multimerization
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; C054562:yellow fluorescent protein, Bacteria; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins
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