title: Risk factors for foot ulcers--a cross sectional survey from a primary care setting in Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the prevalence of higher risk of foot ulceration and associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) at primary health care services.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals with DM, registered at primary health care services in a municipality in southern Brazil, were interviewed and underwent foot examinations. Their risk of ulceration was classified in accordance with the recommendations of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot. Poisson bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of higher risk of foot ulceration among the 337 interviewees was 27.9% (95% CI 23.1-32.9). The following factors were associated with this risk: having been diagnosed with DM for more than 10 years (Adjusted-PR 1.669; 95% CI 1.175-2.373; p=0.004); having had previous diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction (Adjusted-PR 1.873; 95% CI 1.330-2.638; p<0.001) and stroke (Adjusted-PR 1.684; 95% CI 1.089-2.604; p=0.019); presenting interdigital mycosis (Adjusted-PR 1.539; 95% CI 1.030-2.300; p=0.035) and calluses (Adjusted-PR 1.654; 95% CI 1.117-2.451; p=0.012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of higher risk of ulceration was high, which reinforces the importance of continued education for health care professionals in order to prevent complications in the feet of these patients.
authors: Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program of Public Health, State University of Londrina, Brazil. Electronic address: mairabortoletto@hotmail.com.
authors: Maira Sayuri Sakay
authors: MS
authors: Bortoletto
authors: Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program on Public Health, State University of Londrina, Avenida Robert Koch, 60 CEP-8603835, Brazil.
authors: Selma Maffei
authors: SM
authors: de Andrade
authors: Department of Statistics, Postgraduate Program on Public Health, State University of Londrina, Avenida Robert Koch, 60 CEP-86038350, Brazil.
authors: Tiemi
authors: T
authors: Matsuo
authors: Department of Nursing, Postgraduate Program on Nursing, State University of Londrina, Avenida Robert Koch, 60 CEP-86038350, Brazil.
authors: Maria do Carmo Lourenço
authors: Mdo C
authors: Haddad
authors: Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program on Public Health, State University of Londrina, Avenida Robert Koch, 60 CEP-8603835, Brazil.
authors: Alberto Durán
authors: AD
authors: González
authors: Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program on Public Health, State University of Londrina, Avenida Robert Koch, 60 CEP-8603835, Brazil.
authors: Ana Maria Rigo
authors: AM
authors: Silva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Classification; Diabetes mellitus; Foot; Risk factors