title: Exposure to food contaminants during pregnancy.
abstract: During pregnancy, the fetus is exposed to contaminants from its mother's diet. This work provides an assessment of the dietary exposure of pregnant women to inorganic contaminants (aluminum, mercury, lead, inorganic arsenic, cobalt), polychlorodibenzodioxins, polychlorodibenzofurans, dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls (DL-PCBs, NDL-PCBs), polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs), perfluoroalkyl acids, mycotoxins (zearalenone, patulin, trichothecenes), and heat-generated compounds (acrylamide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). Consumption data of 2002 pregnant women aged 18 to 45 from the EDEN cohort study were combined with contamination data from the second French total diet study to assess the exposure before pregnancy (n=1861) and during the third trimester of pregnancy (n=1775). Exposure was also assessed considering the season during which the third trimester of pregnancy occurred. Significant changes in consumptions during pregnancy and between seasons were associated with differences in exposures for some substances. Some contaminant exposures appeared to be of health concern. Margins of exposure to acrylamide (635 to 1094 for mean), inorganic arsenic, lead, and BDE-99 (≤100) were too low to exclude all risks. For NDL-PCBs, T-2 and HT-2 toxins, and deoxynivalenol, significant exceedings of toxicological reference values were found before pregnancy, but there was no significant exceeding in the third trimester.
authors: ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental, and Occupational Health and Safety), 27 avenue du Général Leclerc, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Chan-Hon-Tong
authors: Marie-Aline
authors: MA
authors: Charles
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Forhan
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Heude
authors: Véronique
authors: V
authors: Sirot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; D019216:Metals, Heavy