title: Measures of thyroid function among Belarusian children and adolescents exposed to iodine-131 from the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear plant.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thyroid dysfunction after exposure to low or moderate doses of radioactive iodine-131 (131I) at a young age is a public health concern. However, quantitative data are sparse concerning 131I-related risk of these common diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in association with 131I exposure during childhood (≤ 18 years) due to fallout from the Chernobyl accident.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), serum concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and autoantibodies to thyroperoxidase (ATPO) in relation to measurement-based 131I dose estimates in a Belarusian cohort of 10,827 individuals screened for various thyroid diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age at exposure (± SD) was 8.2 ± 5.0 years. Mean (median) estimated 131I thyroid dose was 0.54 (0.23) Gy (range, 0.001-26.6 Gy). We found significant positive associations of 131I dose with hypothyroidism (mainly subclinical and antibody-negative) and serum TSH concentration. The excess odds ratio per 1 Gy for hypothyroidism was 0.34 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.62) and varied significantly by age at exposure and at examination, presence of goiter, and urban/rural residency. We found no evidence of positive associations with antibody-positive hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, AIT, or elevated ATPO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association between 131I dose and hypothyroidism in the Belarusian cohort is consistent with that previously reported for a Ukrainian cohort and strengthens evidence of the effect of environmental 131I exposure during childhood on hypothyroidism, but not other thyroid outcomes.
authors: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9778, USA. ostroume@mail.nih.gov
authors: Evgenia
authors: E
authors: Ostroumova
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Rozhko
authors: Maureen
authors: M
authors: Hatch
authors: Kyoji
authors: K
authors: Furukawa
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Polyanskaya
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: McConnell
authors: Eldar
authors: E
authors: Nadyrov
authors: Sergey
authors: S
authors: Petrenko
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Romanov
authors: Vasilina
authors: V
authors: Yauseyenka
authors: Vladimir
authors: V
authors: Drozdovitch
authors: Viktor
authors: V
authors: Minenko
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Prokopovich
authors: Irina
authors: I
authors: Savasteeva
authors: Lydia B
authors: LB
authors: Zablotska
authors: Kiyohiko
authors: K
authors: Mabuchi
authors: Alina V
authors: AV
authors: Brenner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D047852:Chernobyl Nuclear Accident; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000633:toxicity*; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000633:toxicity; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D002094:Republic of Belarus / Q000453:epidemiology; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D007455:Iodine
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