title: Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel bromophenol derivatives as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
abstract: Here, we provide an alternative synthesis of the natural bromophenol 3,4-dibromo-5-(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)-6-(ethoxymethyl)benzene-1,2-diol (3) and the first synthesis of (4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylphenyl)(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methanone (18) and its brominated derivatives 19-21. The compounds were characterized and tested against the two most studied members of the pH regulatory enzyme family, carbonic anhydrase (CA). The inhibitory potencies of the novel compounds and two natural bromophenols 2, 3 were analyzed at the human isoforms hCA I and hCA II as targets and the KI values were calculated. The KI values of the novel compounds were measured in the range of 13.7-32.7 mM for the hCA I isozyme and 0.65-1.26 mM for the hCA II isozyme. The structurally related compound 14 was also tested in order to understand the structure–activity relationship, and the clinically used sulfonamide acetazolamide (AZA)was tested for comparison reasons. All of the compounds exhibited competitive inhibition with 4-nitrophenylacetate as substrate. The compounds showed strong inhibitory activity against hCA I, being more effective as compared to the clinically used AZA (KI: 36.2 mM), but rather less activity against hCA II.
authors: Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
authors: Yusuf
authors: Y
authors: Akbaba
authors: Halis Türker
authors: HT
authors: Balaydın
authors: Abdullah
authors: A
authors: Menzek
authors: Süleyman
authors: S
authors: Göksu
authors: Ertan
authors: E
authors: Şahin
authors: Deniz
authors: D
authors: Ekinci
mesh_terms: D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010636:Phenols / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010636:Phenols; D010648:Phenylacetates; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II; C118008:4-nitrophenylacetic acid; D000086:Acetazolamide