title: Cell metabolism sets the differences between subpopulations of satellite cells (SCs).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have recently characterized two distinct populations of Satellite Cells (SCs) that differ in proliferation, regenerative potential, and mitochondrial coupling efficiency and classified these in Low Proliferative Clones (LPC) and High Proliferative Clones (HPC). Herewith, we have investigated their cell metabolism and individuated features that remark an intrinsic difference in basal physiology but that are retrievable also at the initial phases of their cloning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Indeed, LPC and HPC can be distinguished for mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) just after isolation from the fiber. This is matched by mitochondrial redox state measured via NAD⁺/NADH analysis and alternative respiratory CO₂ production in cloned cells. All these parameters are accountable for metabolic differences reflected indeed by alternative expression of the glycolytic enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (Pfkfb3). Also Ca²⁺ handling by mitochondria is different together with the sensitivity to apoptosis triggered via this pathway. Finally, according to the above, we were able to determine which one among the clones represents the suitable stem cell.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These experimental observations report novel physiological features in the cell biology of SCs and refer to an intrinsic heterogeneity within which their stemness may reside.
authors: Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Repele
authors: Ramona
authors: R
authors: Lupi
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: Eaton
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Urbani
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: De Coppi
authors: Michelangelo
authors: M
authors: Campanella
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000502:physiology*; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000502:physiology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D025481:Phosphofructokinase-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009243:NAD; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C526918:Pfkfb3 protein, rat; D025481:Phosphofructokinase-2; D002118:Calcium
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