title: A tale that morphology fails to tell: a molecular phylogeny of Aeolidiidae (Aeolidida, Nudibranchia, Gastropoda).
abstract: Aeolidida is one of the largest clades of nudibranchs with at least 560 known species. However, its systematics has not been studied in a comprehensive manner. Phylogenetic analyses of larger clades such as Nudibranchia or Cladobranchia have usually included a poor sample of aeolids. Furthermore, phylogenetic studies at the family or generic level in Aeolidida are a few and far between. The first molecular phylogeny of the aeolid family Aeolidiidae is presented here. This study, the most comprehensive for Aeolidida to date, uses new sequences of two mitochondrial (COI and 16S) genes and one nuclear gene (H3). 251 specimens from members of seven families of Aeolidida, including 39 species of Aeolidiidae were studied. Excluding Pleurolidia juliae, Aeolidiidae is monophyletic. Our results resolve the systematic relationships within the Aeolidiidae at a generic level, requiring changes in the systematics of this family. Spurilla, Anteaeolidiella, Limenandra and Aeolidia are well-supported and monophyletic clades. Aeolidiella stephanieae is transferred to Berghia and Aeolidiopsis ransoni and Spurilla salaamica to Baeolidia, to maintain the monophyletic lineages reflected in this study. The systematics of Cerberilla remains unclear. Some species earlier attributed to Aeolidiella are now grouped in a previously unnamed clade that we designate as Bulbaeolidia gen. nov.
authors: Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain. leila.carmona@uca.es
authors: Leila
authors: L
authors: Carmona
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Pola
authors: Terrence M
authors: TM
authors: Gosliner
authors: Juan Lucas
authors: JL
authors: Cervera
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
references: Mol Biol Evol. 2004 Feb;21(2):303-13
references: 14660702
references: Proc Biol Sci. 2003 Aug 7;270 Suppl 1:S96-9
references: 12952648
references: BMC Evol Biol. 2010 Oct 25;10:323
references: 20973994
references: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2008 Sep;48(3):1067-86
references: 18586528
references: PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e33479
references: 22506002
references: BMC Evol Biol. 2007 Nov 08;7:214
references: 17996036
references: Mol Biol Evol. 2011 Oct;28(10):2731-9
references: 21546353
references: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 1999 Nov;13(2):215-26
references: 10603252
references: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2004 Nov;33(2):378-88
references: 15336672
references: Bioinformatics. 2003 Aug 12;19(12):1572-4
references: 12912839
references: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2003 Jul;28(1):60-86
references: 12801472
references: J Mol Biol. 1990 Oct 5;215(3):403-10
references: 2231712
references: Evolution. 2004 Oct;58(10):2227-51
references: 15562687
references: Methods Mol Biol. 2009;537:39-64
references: 19378139
references: Syst Biol. 2007 Aug;56(4):564-77
references: 17654362
references: Biol Bull. 1990 Dec;179(3):243-253
references: 29314964
references: Front Zool. 2005 Feb 16;2(1):3
references: 15715915
references: Bioinformatics. 2006 Nov 1;22(21):2688-90
references: 16928733
references: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2011 Jan;58(1):116-23
references: 21094687
references: Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol. 1994 Oct;3(5):294-9
references: 7881515
references: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2007 Jun;43(3):726-42
references: 17470399
references: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2010 Sep;56(3):931-41
references: 20460158