title: Adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and obesity: epidemiological study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A significant association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity has been reported. This study addresses unexplored aspects of this relationship.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between adult obesity and: (a) persistent, remitted or lifetime ADHD; (b) number of childhood ADHD symptoms, controlling for socioeconomic status and mood, anxiety and substance use disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Face-to-face psychiatric interviews in 34 653 US adults from the National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥30.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Persistent, lifetime or remitted ADHD were not associated with obesity after controlling for confounders. The number of childhood ADHD symptoms was significantly associated with adult obesity, even after adjustment, in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Childhood ADHD symptoms are associated with obesity in women even after comorbid psychiatric disorders are accounted for. This provides a rationale for longitudinal studies assessing the impact of the treatment of childhood ADHD symptoms on obesity in women.
authors: Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Verona University, Verona, Italy. samuele.cortese@gmail.com
authors: Samuele
authors: S
authors: Cortese
authors: Stephen V
authors: SV
authors: Faraone
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Bernardi
authors: Shuai
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Blanco
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
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