title: Primary tumor vascularity in esophagus cancer. CD34 and HIF1-α expression correlate with tumor progression.
abstract: Hypoxia inducible factor α (HIF1-α) is a key protein regulating the response of a variety of genes and pathways, including angiogenesis, to hypoxic stimuli. High vascularity in various carcinomas correlates with invasion and metastasis. Assessment of primary tumor vascularity and HIF1-α expression in esophageal carcinomas was an objective of this study.
  
  
  
  The vascularity in esophageal carcinomas (n=52) was quantified by Chalkley method on CD34 immunostained sections. HIF1-α expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. The relationships between CD34 Chalkley count, HIF1-α and various clinico-pathological characteristics with clinical outcome were evaluated.
  
  
  
  High HIF1-α expression in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was significantly associated with the T3-4 group (p=0.02). A higher percentage of SCC with high HIF1-α expression compared to its expression in adenocarcinoma (AC) (p=0.005) was observed. In the SCC group, high CD34 Chalkley count and high HIF1-α expression implied a significantly reduced survival (p=0.003 and p=0.001). No such significant association was found in the AC group.
  
  
  
  HIF1-α expression is different in two separate tumor microenvironments: SCCs and ACs of the esophagus. This suggests that different mechanisms may be involved in HIF1-α expression- and activity between the two histological types of esophageal carcinoma.
authors: Department of Surgery, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. mariuszg@online.no.
authors: Mariusz Adam
authors: MA
authors: Goscinski
authors: Jahn Marthin
authors: JM
authors: Nesland
authors: Karl-Erik
authors: KE
authors: Giercksky
authors: Hari Prasad
authors: HP
authors: Dhakal
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality; D018450:Disease Progression; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit