title: Optic disc dysplasia in poland syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report optic disc dysplasia in a case of Poland syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-interventional case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-year-old boy with Poland syndrome was referred for ophthalmic evaluation after abnormal optic discs were found on exam.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physical exam at birth revealed right-sided aplasia of the pectoralis major muscle, symbrachydactyly, hypoplastic scapula, and an abnormal third rib. On dilated examination the optic nerve heads were dysplastic. The findings included multiple cilioretinal vessels, situs inversus, inferotemporal excavation, and surrounding pigmentary disturbances.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only one case of optic disc anomaly has been reported in Poland syndrome and was described as morning glory syndrome. The optic discs in our patient do not fit well with other optic disc excavation syndromes but are most reminiscent of those in papillorenal syndrome. As both Poland syndrome and papillorenal syndrome share vascular dysfunction as a possible etiology, this case adds to the literature of vascular dysgenesis in Poland syndrome.
authors: Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth , Hanover, NH , USA and.
authors: Steven D
authors: SD
authors: Maxfield
authors: Mitchell B
authors: MB
authors: Strominger
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D019842:Ciliary Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D005124:Eye Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000098:blood supply; D011045:Poland Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology