title: The neural correlates of the face attractiveness aftereffect: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study.
abstract: Extensive behavioral evidence shows that our internal representation of faces, or face prototype, can be dynamically updated by immediate experience. This is illustrated by the robust attractiveness aftereffect phenomenon whereby originally unattractive faces become attractive after we are exposed to a set of unattractive faces. Although behavioral evidence suggests this effect to have a strong neural basis, limited neuroimaging evidence exists. Here we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy methodology (fNIRS) to bridge this gap. During the pre-adaptation trials, participants judged the attractiveness of three sets of faces: normal/undistorted faces, compressed faces (the internal features and distances between them were compressed), and expanded faces (the internal features and distances between them were stretched). Then, participants were shown extremely compressed faces for 5 min as adaptation stimuli, after which participants judged the same three sets of faces in post-adaptation trials. Behaviorally, after the adaptation trials, participants rated the compressed faces more attractive whereas they judged the other two sets of faces as less attractive, replicating the robust adaptation effect. fNIRS results showed that short-term exposure to compressed faces led to significant decreases in neural activity to all face types, but in a more extended network of cortical regions in the frontal and occipital cortexes for undistorted faces. Taken together, these findings suggest that the face attractiveness aftereffect mainly reflects changes in the neural representation of the face prototype in response to recent exposures to new face exemplars.
authors: Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: fugy@zjnu.cn.
authors: Genyue
authors: G
authors: Fu
authors: Catherine J
authors: CJ
authors: Mondloch
authors: Xiao Pan
authors: XP
authors: Ding
authors: Lindsey
authors: L
authors: A Short
authors: Liping
authors: L
authors: Sun
authors: Kang
authors: K
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001504:Beauty; D001519:Behavior; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007206:Individuality; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012928:Social Desirability; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attractiveness aftereffects; Face perception; Face processing; Norm-based; fNIRS
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