title: The role of intracellular calcium stores in synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation.
abstract: Memory processing requires tightly controlled signalling cascades, many of which are dependent upon intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)). Despite this, most work investigating calcium signalling in memory formation has focused on plasma membrane channels and extracellular sources of Ca(2+). The intracellular Ca(2+) release channels, ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) have a significant capacity to regulate intracellular Ca(2+) signalling. Evidence at both cellular and behavioural levels implicates both RyRs and IP3Rs in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Pharmacobehavioural experiments using young chicks trained on a single-trial discrimination avoidance task have been particularly useful by demonstrating that RyRs and IP3Rs have distinct roles in memory formation. RyR-dependent Ca(2+) release appears to aid the consolidation of labile memory into a persistent long-term memory trace. In contrast, IP3Rs are required during long-term memory. This review discusses various functions for RyRs and IP3Rs in memory processing, including neuro- and glio-transmitter release, dendritic spine remodelling, facilitating vasodilation, and the regulation of gene transcription and dendritic excitability. Altered Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores also has significant implications for neurodegenerative conditions.
authors: School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia. k.baker@unsw.edu.au
authors: Kathryn D
authors: KD
authors: Baker
authors: Thomas M
authors: TM
authors: Edwards
authors: Nikki S
authors: NS
authors: Rickard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors / Q000502:physiology; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000502:physiology; D036881:Long-Term Synaptic Depression / Q000502:physiology; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel