title: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug hypersensitivity in adults and the factors associated with asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Characteristics of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-hypersensitivity (NH) associated with underlying/accompanying diseases has not been studied in Turkey. In addition, the factors associated with asthma in NH patients are not well known. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between NH and chronic urticaria, rhinitis/rhinosinusitis, and asthma in an effort to identify NH phenotypes. The study's secondary aim was to identify the factors associated with asthma in NH patients and the NSAID reaction pattern in asthmatics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data for 1137 NH patients in our hospital's allergy clinic database were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into 5 groups based on their accompanying diseases (chronic urticaria, asthma, rhinitis/rhinosinusitis). Asthmatic patients were compared to non-asthmatic patients to identify the factors associated with asthma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reaction patterns and patient characteristics in each group differed from those in the reference group (NH only group). Asthma in patients with NH was associated with female gender, sinonasal polyposis/polyp surgery, rhinitis/rhinosinusitis, NSAID-induced rhinitis/asthma or a blended reaction pattern, immediate reaction following NSAID intake, self-reported history of food allergy, and family history of asthma; the odds ratios and 95% CIs were 1.35 (1.02-1.78), 13.52 (8.74-20.9)/10.94 (6.73-17.77), 12.06 (9-16.17), 15.28 (10.45-22.36)/2.43 (1.70-3.45), 1.76 (1.31-2.35), 1.49 (1.04-2.14), and 3.1 (2.35-4.08), respectively. The characteristics of the asthmatic patients that had urticaria/angioedema-type reactions to NSAID intake (pseudo Samter's syndrome) differed from those in the asthmatics with rhinitis/asthma-type reactions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic urticaria, rhinitis, and asthma commonly accompany NH. NSAID response patterns in NH patients may help differentiate groups of patients. The present study identified factors associated with asthma in NH patients and observed that there seems to be different phenotypes of Samter's syndrome, for which a new classification scheme was proposed.
authors: Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Adult Allergy Unit, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Gul
authors: G
authors: Karakaya
authors: Ebru
authors: E
authors: Celebioglu
authors: A Fuat
authors: AF
authors: Kalyoncu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects; D055963:Asthma, Aspirin-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000209:etiology*; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D014581:Urticaria / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001241:Aspirin