title: [Usefulness of autoantibodies for the diagnosis of autoimmune myopathies].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Idiopathic myopathies are a group of acquired muscular diseases considered as autoimmune disorders. Characteristic histopathologic features allow the classification into myositis (polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and inclusion body myositis) and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies. But overlapping histological features may be observed between different idiopathic myopathies and even between acquired and genetic muscular diseases. In the group of idiopathic myopathies important discrepancies can be observed concerning extra-muscular involvement and prognosis.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The discovery of myositis-specific antibodies and myositis-associated antibodies has led to a serologic approach complementary to histological classification, because striking associations of myositis-specific antibodies with clinical features and survival were observed. Here we reviewed the myositis-specific antibodies including autoantibodies directed against the aminoacyl tRNA-synthetase enzymes, the Mi-2 protein and the signal recognition particle, and the main myositis-associated autoantibodies, that can be tested in clinical practice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We will also focus on newly described dermatomyositis-associated antibodies (directed against: transcription intermediary factor 1 family proteins, small ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme, and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5), and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy-associated antibodies (directed against HMGcoA-reductase).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myositis-specific antibodies and myositis-associated antibodies are useful for the diagnosis of forms of autoimmune myopathies with distinct clinical features. They may help to define patients into clinical syndromes with specific outcomes and thus influence treatment strategies.
authors: Service de médecine interne, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Paris Est, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrières, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France. Electronic address: yves.allenbach@psl.aphp.fr.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Allenbach
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Benveniste
mesh_terms: D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D003882:Dermatomyositis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D009336:Necrosis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies
keywords: Auto-anticorps; Autoantibodies; Myosite; Myositis; Signal recognition particle