title: Magnesium lithospermate B protects neurons from N-methyl-D-aspartic acid injury and attenuates kainic acid-induced neurodegeration in FVB mice.
abstract: Magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) is one of the major bioactive components of Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (Dan Shen), which is a Chinese traditional herbal medicine with therapeutic effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MLB on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-injured neurons and against kainic acid (KA)-induced neurodegeneration in mice. In cultured mouse primary hippocampal neurons, MLB significantly reduced NMDA-induced cell death and promoted neurite growth in a dose-dependent manner. In FVB mice, MLB attenuated KA-induced neurodegeneration. Additionally, MLB prevented the decrease in phosphorylated Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) levels both in NMDA-injured neurons and KA-injured mouse brain. This effect was blocked by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 and Akt inhibitor triciribine, thus indicating the neuroprotective effects of MLB are most likely mediated by the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway. Taken together, these results show the efficacy and underlying mechanism of MLB against neuronal injury and raise its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases.
authors: Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China, guodong_xiao2013@hotmail.com.
authors: Guodong
authors: G
authors: Xiao
authors: Weidong
authors: W
authors: Hu
authors: Xuesong
authors: X
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000633:toxicity; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D007608:Kainic Acid; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; C061091:lithospermate B; C000605507:Gsk3b protein, mouse
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