title: Molecular epidemiology of American/Asian genotype DENV-2 in Peru.
abstract: During the past decade, countries in South America have reported dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) associated with American/Asian genotype of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2). DENV-2 strains have been associated with large outbreaks of dengue fever and DHF in numerous regions of Peru since the mid-1990s, but studies to address the origins, distribution, and genetic diversity of DENV-2 strains have been limited. To address this knowledge gap, we sequenced the envelope gene region of DENV-2 isolates from Peru, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Bolivia. Sequences were aligned and compared to a global sample of DENV-2 viruses. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the circulation of two DENV-2 genotypes in Peru: American (prior to 2001) and American/Asian (2000 to present). American/Asian genotype variants can be classified into two lineages, and these were introduced into Peru from the north (Ecuador, Colombia, and/or Venezuela) and the east (Brazil and Bolivia). American/Asian lineage II replaced lineage I after 2009. We estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor for American/Asian DENV-2 genotype in the Americas was in 1980, and 1984 and 1989 for lineages I and II, respectively. In light of evidence for increased virulence of lineage II of American/Asian DENV-2, our results support the need for continuous monitoring for the emergence of new DENV genotypes that may be associated with severe disease.
authors: Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru. cristhopher.cruz@med.navy.mil
authors: Cristhopher D
authors: CD
authors: Cruz
authors: Brett M
authors: BM
authors: Forshey
authors: Diana S
authors: DS
authors: Juarez
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Guevara
authors: Mariana
authors: M
authors: Leguia
authors: Tadeusz J
authors: TJ
authors: Kochel
authors: Eric S
authors: ES
authors: Halsey
mesh_terms: D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: American/Asian; Dengue 2; Peru; Virus