title: Uncoupling protein 2 -866G/A and uncoupling protein 3 -55C/T polymorphisms in young South African Indian coronary artery disease patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) 2 and 3 play an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress which contributes to chronic inflammation. Promoter polymorphisms of these genes have been linked to chronic diseases including heart disease and type II diabetes mellitus in several populations. This is the first investigation of the UCP2 -866G/A rs659366 and UCP3 -55C/T rs1800849 polymorphisms in young South African (SA) Indians with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 300 subjects were recruited into this study of which 100 were SA Indian males with CAD, 100 age- (range 24-45 years), gender- and race-matched controls and 100 age-matched black SA males. The frequency of the UCP2 -866G/A and UPC3 -55C/T genotypes was assessed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The heterozygous UCP2 -866G/A and homozygous UCP3 -55C/C genotypes occurred at highest frequency in CAD patients (60% and 64%, respectively) compared to SA Indian controls (52% and 63%) and SA Black controls (50% and 58%). The UCP2 -886G/A (OR=1.110; 95% CI=0.7438-1.655; p=0.6835) and UCP3 -55C/T (OR=0.788; 95% CI=0.482-1.289; p=0.382) polymorphisms did not influence the risk of CAD. The rare homozygous UCP3 -55T/T genotype was associated with highest fasting glucose (11.87 ± 3.7 mmol/L vs. C/C:6.11 ± 0.27 mmol/L and C/T:6.48 ± 0.57 mmol/L, p=0.0025), HbA1c (10.05 ± 2.57% vs. C/C:6.44 ± 0.21% and C/T:6.76 ± 0.35%, p=0.0006) and triglycerides (6.47 ± 1.7 mmol/L vs. C/C:2.33 ± 0.17 mmol/L and C/T:2.06 ± 0.25 mmol/L, p<0.0001) in CAD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of the UCP2 -866G/A and UCP3 -55C/T polymorphisms was similar in our SA Indian and SA Black groups. The presence of the UCP2 -866G/A and UCP3 -55C/T polymorphisms does not influence the risk of CAD in young South African Indian CAD patients.
authors: Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag 7, Congella, 4013 Durban, South Africa.
authors: Alisa
authors: A
authors: Phulukdaree
authors: Devapregasan
authors: D
authors: Moodley
authors: Sajidah
authors: S
authors: Khan
authors: Anil A
authors: AA
authors: Chuturgoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007473:Ion Channels; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3; C000604389:UCP2 protein, human; C000604392:UCP3 protein, human; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human