title: On-chip microlasers for biomolecular detection via highly localized deposition of a multifunctional phospholipid ink.
abstract: We report on a novel approach to realize on-chip microlasers, by applying highly localized and material-saving surface functionalization of passive photonic whispering gallery mode microresonators. We apply dip-pen nanolithography on a true three-dimensional structure. We coat solely the light-guiding circumference of pre-fabricated poly(methyl methacrylate) resonators with a multifunctional molecular ink. The functionalization is performed in one single fabrication step and simultaneously provides optical gain as well as molecular binding selectivity. This allows for a direct and flexible realization of on-chip microlasers, which can be utilized as biosensors in optofluidic lab-on-a-chip applications. In a proof-of-concept we show how this highly localized molecule deposition suffices for low-threshold lasing in air and water, and demonstrate the capability of the ink-lasers as biosensors in a biotin-streptavidin binding experiment.
authors: Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. uwe.bog@kit.edu
authors: Uwe
authors: U
authors: Bog
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Laue
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Grossmann
authors: Torsten
authors: T
authors: Beck
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Wienhold
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Richter
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Hirtz
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Fuchs
authors: Heinz
authors: H
authors: Kalt
authors: Timo
authors: T
authors: Mappes
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D001710:Biotin / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D007281:Ink; D007834:Lasers; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D061848:Optical Imaging; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D019809:Streptavidin / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010743:Phospholipids; D001710:Biotin; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D019809:Streptavidin