title: Intraoperative panoramic image using alignment grid, is it accurate?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Minimally invasive orthopedic trauma surgery relies heavily on intraoperative fluoroscopic images to evaluate the quality of fracture reduction and fixation. However, fluoroscopic images have a narrow field of view and often cannot visualize the entire long bone axis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the coronal femoral alignment between conventional X-rays to that achieved with a new method of acquiring a panoramic intraoperative image.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four cadaveric femurs with simple diaphyseal fractures were fixed with an angulated broad DCP to create coronal plane malalignment. An intraoperative alignment grid was used to help stitch different fluoroscopic images together to produce a panoramic image. A conventional X-ray of the entire femur was then performed. The coronal plane angulation in the panoramic images was then compared to the conventional X-rays using a Wilcoxon signed rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean angle measured from the panoramic view was 173.9° (range 169.3°-178.0°) with median of 173.2°. The mean angle measured from the conventional X-ray was 173.4° (range 167.7°-178.7°) with a median angle of 173.5°. There was no significant difference between both methods of measurement (P = 0.48).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Panoramic images produced by stitching fluoroscopic images together with help of an alignment grid demonstrated the same accuracy at evaluating the coronal plane alignment of femur fractures as conventional X-rays.
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. tapivath@gmail.com
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Apivatthakakul
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Duanghakrung
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Luevitoonvechkit
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Patumasutra
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted