title: The mitochondrial nucleoid: integrating mitochondrial DNA into cellular homeostasis.
abstract: The packaging of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into DNA-protein assemblies called nucleoids provides an efficient segregating unit of mtDNA, coordinating mtDNA's involvement in cellular metabolism. From the early discovery of mtDNA as "extranuclear" genetic material, its organization into nucleoids and integration into both the mitochondrial organellar network and the cell at large via a variety of signal transduction pathways, mtDNA is a crucial component of the cell's homeostatic network. The mitochondrial nucleoid is composed of a set of DNA-binding core proteins involved in mtDNA maintenance and transcription, and a range of peripheral factors, which are components of signaling pathways controlling mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism, apoptosis, and retrograde mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling. The molecular interactions of nucleoid components with the organellar network and cellular signaling pathways provide exciting clues to the dynamic integration of mtDNA into cellular metabolic homeostasis.
authors: Department of Biology, University of Texas-Pan American, Edinburg, TX 78539-2999, USA. gilkersonrw@utpa.edu
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Gilkerson
authors: Liliana
authors: L
authors: Bravo
authors: Iraselia
authors: I
authors: Garcia
authors: Norma
authors: N
authors: Gaytan
authors: Alan
authors: A
authors: Herrera
authors: Alicia
authors: A
authors: Maldonado
authors: Brandi
authors: B
authors: Quintanilla
mesh_terms: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006706:Homeostasis; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins
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