title: Proteomic and metabolomic responses of clam Ruditapes philippinarum to arsenic exposure under different salinities.
abstract: Arsenic (As) contamination is a severe problem in the intertidal zones of the Bohai Sea (China) with wide salinity variation. In the present study, we combined proteomics and metabolomics to characterize the differential responses of arsenic in clam Ruditapes philippinarum under different salinities (31.1, 23.3 and 15.6 psu). Both proteomic and metabolomic responses indicated that varying salinities could significantly affect the toxicological responses of clams to As. Metabolic biomarkers revealed that the environmentally relevant arsenic (20 μg L(-1)) exposure induced disturbance in energy metabolism and/or osmotic regulation under different salinities, whereas protein biomarkers indicated oxidative stress, cellular injury and apoptosis and disturbance in energy metabolism. In addition, the up-regulated proteins including ATP synthase, succinyl-CoA synthetase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase were validated by related metabolites, succinate and ATP, which confirmed the disturbance in energy metabolism in clam gills at low salinity (15.6 psu). These findings provide important insights into toxicological effects of environmental contaminant at molecular levels using combined proteomics and metabolomics.
authors: Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China. hfwu@yic.ac.cn
authors: Huifeng
authors: H
authors: Wu
authors: Xiaoli
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Xingyan
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Chenglong
authors: C
authors: Ji
authors: Jianmin
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Junbao
authors: J
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001151:Arsenic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002681:China; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005880:Gills / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects*; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D054712:Salinity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001151:Arsenic