title: Evaluation of nurses' knowledge and understanding of obstacles encountered when administering resuscitation medications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to develop and validate an instrument to evaluate nurses' knowledge and to understand the obstacles that they encounter when administering resuscitation medications.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Insufficient knowledge is a major factor in nurses' drug administration errors. Resuscitation involves situations in which doctors issue oral orders, and is inherently highly stressful. Sufficient knowledge is vital for nurses if they are to respond quickly and accurately when administering resuscitation medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted. A questionnaire (20 true-false questions) developed from literature and expert input, and validated by subject experts and one pilot study, was used to evaluate nurses' knowledge of resuscitation medications. Stratified sampling and descriptive statistics were applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 188 nurses participated. The overall correct answer rate was 70.5% and the greater the nurse's work experience the higher the score. Only 8% of nurses considered themselves to have sufficient knowledge and 73.9% hoped to gain more training about resuscitation medications. The leading obstacle reported was "interruption of the drug administration procedure on resuscitation" (62.8%). Seventeen out of 20 questions achieved a discriminatory power of over 0.36, indicating good to excellent questions. In the study, a total of 16 resuscitation medication errors were reported by the participants, in which the errors involved atropine (five cases), epinephrine (three cases) and others (eight cases). The errors mainly involved misinterpretation of orders, insufficient knowledge and confusing certain drugs for other look-alike drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence-based results strongly suggest that nurses have insufficient knowledge and could benefit from longer working experience and additional training about resuscitation medications. Further research to validate the instrument is needed and the education of nurses regarding resuscitation medications is recommended.
authors: Tri-service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Mei-Jung
authors: MJ
authors: Chen
authors: School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Shu
authors: S
authors: Yu
authors: School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: I-Ju
authors: IJ
authors: Chen
authors: School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Kai-Wei K
authors: KW
authors: Wang
authors: Tri-service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Ya-Hui
authors: YH
authors: Lan
authors: School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: fitang@ym.edu.tw.
authors: Fu-In
authors: FI
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Knowledge; Medication errors; Nurses; Resuscitation medications