title: Persistent plus disease after laser in retinopathy of prematurity with tetralogy of Fallot.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We present a patient with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) who received panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), but in whom plus disease developed, likely secondary to a complicated cardiovascular history, including DiGeorge syndrome and tetralogy of Fallot.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interventional case report with clinical and angiographic correlation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our patient had been born at 29 weeks and 2 days gestational age with a birthweight of 940 grams, tetralogy of Fallot, DiGeorge syndrome, and major aortopulmonary collaterals. Type 1 Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity ROP (zone 2, stage 2 with plus) developed, requiring PRP. Worsening plus disease developed and mild further PRP was performed. Despite this, plus disease persisted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report plus disease even after appropriate PRP therapy for ROP. In this case, it is likely the patient's cardiovascular diseases that caused the persistent plus disease. Vascular tortuosity can be due to a number of different systemic disorders, so it is important to consider an infant's systemic conditions in the evaluation of ROP.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute at Stanford, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA. ypaulus@stanford.edu
authors: Yannis M
authors: YM
authors: Paulus
authors: Darius M
authors: DM
authors: Moshfeghi
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000379:methods; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000601:surgery*; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000150:complications*