title: Reliability, validity, and optimal cutoff score of the montreal cognitive assessment (changsha version) in ischemic cerebrovascular disease patients of hunan province, china.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Changsha version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-CS) in ischemic cerebrovascular disease patients of Hunan Province, China, and to explore the optimal cutoff score for detecting vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia (VCI-ND) and vascular dementia (VD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and thirty-eight ischemic cerebrovascular disease patients (131 with normal cognition, 111 with VCI-ND, and 96 with VD) and 132 healthy controls were recruited. All participants accepted examination by the MoCA-CS, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and other related scales. A detailed neuropsychological battery was used for making a final cognitive diagnosis. SPSS 16.0 statistical software was used for reliability, validity examination, and optimal cutoff score detection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cronbach's α of the MoCA-CS was 0.884, and test-retest and interrater reliability of the MoCA-CS were 0.966 and 0.926, respectively. MoCA-CS scores were highly correlated with MMSE scores (r = 0.867) and simplified intelligence quotients (r = 0.822). The results indicate that 1 point should be added for subjects with less than 6 years of education, and that the optimal cutoff score for detecting VCI-ND is 26/27 (sensitivity 96.1%, specificity 75.6%), whereas the optimal cutoff score for detecting VD is 16/17 (sensitivity 92.7%, specificity 96.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MoCA-CS has good reliability and validity, and is a useful cognitive screening instrument for detecting VCI in the Chinese population.
authors: Department of Geriatrics, 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors: Qiu-Yun
authors: QY
authors: Tu
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Jin
authors: Bin-Rong
authors: BR
authors: Ding
authors: Xia
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Zeng-Hui
authors: ZH
authors: Lei
authors: Song
authors: S
authors: Bai
authors: Ying-Dong
authors: YD
authors: Zhang
authors: Xiang-Qi
authors: XQ
authors: Tang
keywords: Mild cognitive impairment and dementia; Neuropsychology; Psychometrics; Screening; Stroke; Vascular cognitive impairment; Vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia; Vascular dementia
references: Int Psychogeriatr. 2010 Feb;22(1):72-81
references: 19735592
references: Acta Psychol (Amst). 1965;24(5):398-408
references: 5841721
references: J Neurol. 2010 May;257(5):728-34
references: 19937448
references: Gerontologist. 1969 Autumn;9(3):179-86
references: 5349366
references: J Neurol. 2010 Apr;257(4):630-7
references: 20361295
references: J Clin Epidemiol. 1988;41(10):971-8
references: 3193141
references: Stroke. 2006 Sep;37(9):2220-41
references: 16917086
references: Arch Neurol. 1989 Jun;46(6):660-2
references: 2730378
references: Neurology. 1993 Feb;43(2):250-60
references: 8094895
references: Chin Med J (Engl). 2010 Feb 5;123(3):311-9
references: 20193251
references: Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2010 Jul;10(3):225-32
references: 20141536
references: Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009 Feb;24(2):197-201
references: 18850670
references: J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2000 Spring;12(2):233-9
references: 11001602
references: J Gerontol. 1982 May;37(3):323-9
references: 7069156
references: J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2008 Jun;21(2):104-10
references: 18474719
references: N Engl J Med. 2002 Nov 21;347(21):1713-6
references: 12444191
references: Lancet Neurol. 2003 Feb;2(2):89-98
references: 12849265
references: J Nurs Scholarsh. 2006;38(4):366-9
references: 17181085
references: J Neurol Sci. 2010 Dec 15;299(1-2):15-8
references: 20889166
references: Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2009 Mar;9(1):54-61
references: 19260980
references: Psychol Med. 2003 Aug;33(6):1029-38
references: 12946087
references: Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2004 Sep;19(6):745-57
references: 15288328
references: Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2011;31(2):126-31
references: 21282950
references: J Clin Psychol. 1954 Apr;10(2):164-7
references: 13143125
references: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Apr;53(4):695-9
references: 15817019
references: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;77(1):28-33
references: 16361588
references: Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2009;28(1):81-7
references: 19672065
references: Alzheimers Res Ther. 2009 Jul 09;1(1):4
references: 19674437
references: J Intern Med. 2004 Sep;256(3):240-6
references: 15324367
references: Neurology. 1993 Nov;43(11):2412-4
references: 8232972
references: Mov Disord. 2008 May 15;23(7):1043-1046
references: 18381646
references: Int J Neurosci. 1990 Dec;55(2-4):107-11
references: 2084035