title: Iodine-125 seeds strand for treatment of tumor thrombus in inferior vena cava: an experimental study in a rabbit model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to establish an animal model of implanted inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (IVCTT) and to evaluate the effect of linear iodine-125 seeds strand in treating implanted IVCTT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor cell line VX2 was inoculated subcutaneously into New Zealand rabbit to develop the parent tumor. The tumor strip was inoculated into inferior vena cava (IVC) to establish the IVCTT model. The IVCTT was confirmed by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) after 2 weeks. Twelve rabbits with IVCTT were randomly divided into two groups. Treatment group (group T; n = 6) underwent Iodine-125 seeds brachytherapy, and the control group (group C; n = 6) underwent blank seeds strand. The blood laboratory examination (including blood routine examination, hepatic and renal function), body weight, survival time, and IVCTT volume by MDCT were monitored. All rabbits were dissected postmortem, and the therapeutic effects were evaluated on the basis of histopathology. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen index (PI) and apoptosis index (AI) of IVCTT were compared between two groups. T test, Wilcoxon rank test, and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The success rate of establishing IVCTT was 100 %. The body weight loss and cachexia of rabbits in group C appeared earlier than in group T. Body weight in the third week, the mean survival time, PI, AI in groups T and C were 2.23 ± 0.12 kg, 57.83 ± 8.68 days, (16.73 ± 5.18 %), (29.47 ± 7.18 %), and 2.03 ± 0.13 kg, 43.67 ± 5.28 days, (63.01 ± 2.01 %), (6.02 ± 2.93 %), respectively. There were statistically significant differences between group T and group C (P < 0.05). The IVCTT volume of group T was remarkably smaller than that of group C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Injecting and suspensory fixing VX2 tumor strip into IVC is a reliable method to establish IVCTT animal model. The linear Iodine-125 seeds strand brachytherapy was a safe and effective method for treating IVCTT in rabbit model.
authors: Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Building 11 Room 206, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui district, Shanghai, 200032, China, wenzhangxiao@126.com.
authors: Wen
authors: W
authors: Zhang
authors: Zhiping
authors: Z
authors: Yan
authors: Jianjun
authors: J
authors: Luo
authors: Zhuting
authors: Z
authors: Fang
authors: Linlin
authors: L
authors: Wu
authors: QingXin
authors: Q
authors: Liu
authors: Xudong
authors: X
authors: Qu
authors: Lingxiao
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Jianhua
authors: J
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D011817:Rabbits; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes