title: Tissue homeostasis in the wing disc of Drosophila melanogaster: immediate response to massive damage during development.
abstract: All organisms have developed mechanisms to respond to organ or tissue damage that may appear during development or during the adult life. This process of regeneration is a major long-standing problem in Developmental Biology. We are using the Drosophila melanogaster wing imaginal disc to study the response to major damage inflicted during development. Using the Gal4/UAS/Gal80(TS) conditional system, we have induced massive cell killing by forcing activity of the pro-apoptotic gene hid in two major regions of the disc as defined by Gal4 inserts in the genes rotund (rn) and spalt (sal). The procedure ensures that at the end of a 40-48 hrs of ablation period the great majority of the cells of the original Rn or Sal domains have been eliminated. The results indicate that the damage provokes an immediate response aimed to keep the integrity of the epithelium and to repair the region under ablation. This includes an increase in cell proliferation to compensate for the cell loss and the replacement of the dead cells by others from outside of the damaged area. The response is almost contemporaneous with the damage, so that at the end of the ablation period the targeted region is already reconstructed. We find that the proliferative response is largely systemic, as the number of cells in division increases all over the disc. Furthermore, our results indicate that the Dpp and Wg pathways are not specifically involved in the regenerative response, but that activity of the JNK pathway is necessary both inside and outside the ablated domain for its reconstruction.
authors: Centro de Biología Molecular CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Salvador C
authors: SC
authors: Herrera
authors: Raquel
authors: R
authors: Martín
authors: Ginés
authors: G
authors: Morata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060227:Imaginal Discs / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D051155:Wnt1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051155:Wnt1 Protein; C450829:rn protein, Drosophila; C085793:salm protein, Drosophila
references: Nature. 1976 Feb 26;259(5545):659-62
references: 814470
references: Cell. 2010 Apr 30;141(3):536-48
references: 20434990
references: Dev Cell. 2002 Jul;3(1):9-19
references: 12110163
references: Development. 1988 Dec;104(4):713-20
references: 2908325
references: Dev Biol. 1981 Oct 15;87(1):64-75
references: 7286422
references: Development. 2010 Apr;137(7):1169-79
references: 20215351
references: Cell Death Differ. 2006 Oct;13(10):1663-74
references: 16485033
references: Development. 2009 Nov;136(22):3747-56
references: 19855017
references: Development. 1995 Feb;121(2):589-99
references: 7768195
references: Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Nov;12(11):5111-22
references: 1406685
references: Nat Rev Genet. 2007 Sep;8(9):663-74
references: 17703237
references: Genetics. 2004 Apr;166(4):1775-82
references: 15126397
references: Dev Biol. 2010 Nov 15;347(2):315-24
references: 20816798
references: Genes Dev. 1998 Feb 15;12(4):557-70
references: 9472024
references: Development. 2000 Sep;127(18):3971-80
references: 10952895
references: Dev Biol. 2003 Feb 15;254(2):277-88
references: 12591247
references: Science. 1901 Aug 16;14(346):235-48
references: 17806597
references: Dev Biol. 2008 Apr 15;316(2):323-35
references: 18329638
references: Development. 2009 Apr;136(7):1169-77
references: 19244279
references: Development. 2004 Oct;131(20):4921-30
references: 15371310
references: Fly (Austin). 2010 Jul-Sep;4(3):226-9
references: 20224294
references: Development. 1996 Jul;122(7):2261-9
references: 8681806
references: Development. 2006 Nov;133(22):4421-6
references: 17035294
references: Nature. 1996 Jul 11;382(6587):133-8
references: 8700202
references: Dev Biol. 2008 Jul 1;319(1):68-77
references: 18485344
references: EMBO J. 2002 Jun 17;21(12):3009-18
references: 12065414
references: Development. 2002 Feb;129(4):1003-13
references: 11861483
references: Nat Methods. 2009 Aug;6(8):603-5
references: 19633663
references: Curr Biol. 2002 Jul 23;12(14):1263-8
references: 12176339
references: Dev Cell. 2009 Jun;16(6):797-809
references: 19531351
references: Development. 2002 Mar;129(5):1273-81
references: 11874922
references: Development. 2004 Feb;131(4):703-12
references: 14757636
references: Development. 2007 Feb;134(3):479-89
references: 17185322
references: Genes Dev. 1998 May 1;12(9):1290-303
references: 9573046
references: Dev Cell. 2004 Sep;7(3):387-99
references: 15363413
references: Nat Genet. 2008 Apr;40(4):476-83
references: 18311141
references: Dev Cell. 2009 Aug;17(2):279-89
references: 19686688
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 20;101(16):6021-6
references: 15079076
references: Science. 2003 Dec 5;302(5651):1765-8
references: 14657498
references: Dev Biol. 1987 Jan;119(1):137-42
references: 3098601
references: Dev Biol. 2008 Sep 15;321(2):482-90
references: 18598689
references: Dev Biol. 2011 Feb 15;350(2):255-66
references: 21111727
references: Dev Biol. 2011 Feb 1;350(1):139-51
references: 21145886
references: J Exp Zool. 1975 Jul;193(1):49-77
references: 806653
references: Cell Death Differ. 2012 Mar;19(3):451-60
references: 21886179
references: Genes Dev. 1991 Dec;5(12B):2481-95
references: 1752439
references: Cell. 1993 Feb 26;72(4):527-40
references: 8440019