title: Association of cytokine gene polymorphisms (IL6, IL10, TNF-α, TGF-β and IFN-γ) and Graves' disease in Turkish population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytokines play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease, and recent studies have demonstrated an association between cytokine gene polymorphisms and Graves' Disease (GD) in different ethnic groups. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and interferon-gamma (INF-γ) gene polymorphisms in the development of GD in Turkish population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 224 subjects were included in the study comprising of 100 patients with GD (70 female, 30 male; mean age, 43.9 ±13.8 years) and 124 healthy subjects (81 female, 43 male); mean age, 37.8 ±10.2 years) without antithyroid autoantibodies or family history of autoimmune disorders. Genotyping was conducted by using PCR and sequence-specific primers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis showed a significant association between high TNF-α -308GA and IL-6 -174CC gene polymorphisms in patients with GD compared to control subjects (p=0.016, p=0.044, respectively). However, no significant differences were observed between GD and control subjects for IL-10, TGF-β, and INF-γ gene polymorphisms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNF-α-308GA and IL-6 -174CC gene polymorphisms are involved in susceptibility to GD in Turkish population. The polymorphism hypothesis in pro-inflammatory cytokines might be involved in predisposition to GD.
authors: Gaziosmanpasa University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 60100 Tokat, Turkey. fkutluturk@yahoo.com
authors: Faruk
authors: F
authors: Kutluturk
authors: Sema
authors: S
authors: Yarman
authors: Fatma Oguz
authors: FO
authors: Sarvan
authors: Cigdem
authors: C
authors: Kekik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma