title: Characterization of gonadal transcriptomes from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reveals differentially expressed genes.
abstract: Four pairs of XX and XY gonads from Nile tilapia were sequenced at four developmental stages, 5, 30, 90, and 180 days after hatching (dah) using Illumina Hiseq(TM) technology. This produced 28 Gb sequences, which were mapped to 21,334 genes. Of these, 259 genes were found to be specifically expressed in XY gonads, and 69 were found to be specific to XX gonads. Totally, 187 XX- and 1,358 XY-enhanced genes were identified, and 2,978 genes were found to be co-expressed in XX and XY gonads. Almost all steroidogenic enzymes, including cyp19a1a, were up-regulated in XX gonads at 5 dah; but in XY gonads these enzymes, including cyp11b2, were significantly up-regulated at 90 dah, indicating that, at a time critical to sex determination, the XX fish produced estrogen and the XY fish did not produce androgens. The most pronounced expression of steroidogenic enzyme genes was observed at 30 and 90 dah for XX and XY gonads, corresponding to the initiation of germ cell meiosis in the female and male gonads, respectively. Both estrogen and androgen receptors were found to be expressed in XX gonads, but only estrogen receptors were expressed in XY gonads at 5 dah. This could explain why exogenous steroid treatment induced XX and XY sex reversal. The XX-enhanced expression of cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b at all stages suggests an important role for estrogen in female sex determination and maintenance of phenotypic sex. This work is the largest collection of gonadal transcriptome data in tilapia and lays the foundation for future studies into the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and maintenance of phenotypic sex in non-model teleosts.
authors: Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China.
authors: Wenjing
authors: W
authors: Tao
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Yuan
authors: Linyan
authors: L
authors: Zhou
authors: Lina
authors: L
authors: Sun
authors: Yunlv
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Shijie
authors: S
authors: Yang
authors: Minghui
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Sheng
authors: S
authors: Zeng
authors: Baofeng
authors: B
authors: Huang
authors: Deshou
authors: D
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D023681:Cichlids / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D004967:Estrogens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D006066:Gonads / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008018:Life Cycle Stages / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012733:Sex Differentiation; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D004967:Estrogens; D029941:Fish Proteins; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen
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