title: Glassy dynamics, cell mechanics, and endothelial permeability.
abstract: A key feature of all inflammatory processes is disruption of the vascular endothelial barrier. Such disruption is initiated in part through active contraction of the cytoskeleton of the endothelial cell (EC). Because contractile forces are propagated from cell to cell across a great many cell-cell junctions, this contractile process is strongly cooperative and highly nonlocal. We show here that the characteristic length scale of propagation is modulated by agonists and antagonists that impact permeability of the endothelial barrier. In the presence of agonists including thrombin, histamine, and H2O2, force correlation length increases, whereas in the presence of antagonists including sphingosine-1-phosphate, hepatocyte growth factor, and the rho kinase inhibitor, Y27632, force correlation length decreases. Intercellular force chains and force clusters are also evident, both of which are reminiscent of soft glassy materials approaching a glass transition.
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.
authors: Corey
authors: C
authors: Hardin
authors: Kavitha
authors: K
authors: Rajendran
authors: Greeshma
authors: G
authors: Manomohan
authors: Dhananjay T
authors: DT
authors: Tambe
authors: James P
authors: JP
authors: Butler
authors: Jeffrey J
authors: JJ
authors: Fredberg
authors: Roberta
authors: R
authors: Martinelli
authors: Christopher V
authors: CV
authors: Carman
authors: Ramaswamy
authors: R
authors: Krishnan
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D044367:Phase Transition; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D011725:Pyridines; C108830:Y 27632; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D006632:Histamine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013917:Thrombin; D013110:Sphingosine
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