title: Effects of intensive control of blood glucose and blood pressure on microvascular complications in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of intensive control of blood glucose and blood pressure on microvascular complications in patients with type II diabetes by comparing the therapeutic effects of intensive and standard treatment in patients with type II diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 107 patients with type II diabetes were randomly assigned into intensive and standard treatment groups. Patients in the intensive treatment group received preterax (perindopril/ indapamide) to control blood pressure, and gliclazide (diamicron) MR to control blood glucose. Patients in the standard treatment group received routine medications or placebo. Urinary microalbumin (UMA), urinary creatinine (UCR), the UMA/UCR ratio, and visual acuity were monitored according to the study design of the ADVANCE trial. Direct ophthalmoscopy and seven-field stereoscopic retinal photography were used to examine the fundi at baseline, and repeated after 5 years of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The characteristics of patients in both groups were well balanced at baseline. After 5 years of treatment, visual acuity was found to be decreased in the standard group (P=0.04), but remained stable in the intensive group. The severity of diabetic retinopathy had not progressed in patients in the intensive group, but had deteriorated in the standard group (P=0.0006). The UMA/UCR ratio was not obviously changed in patients in the intensive group, whereas it was significantly increased in the standard group (P=0.00).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intensive control of blood glucose and blood pressure can decrease the incidence or slow the progression of microvascular complications in patients with type II diabetes, and maintain stable vision.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors: Cai-Hong
authors: CH
authors: Zhu
authors: Shi-Sheng
authors: SS
authors: Zhang
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Kong
authors: Yu-Fang
authors: YF
authors: Bi
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Qiong
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
keywords: diabetes mellitus; diabetic retinopathy; intensive therapy; microvascular complications
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