title: Population genomics of post-vaccine changes in pneumococcal epidemiology.
abstract: Whole-genome sequencing of 616 asymptomatically carried Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates was used to study the impact of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Comparison of closely related isolates showed the role of transformation in facilitating capsule switching to non-vaccine serotypes and the emergence of drug resistance. However, such recombination was found to occur at significantly different rates across the species, and the evolution of the population was primarily driven by changes in the frequency of distinct genotypes extant before the introduction of the vaccine. These alterations resulted in little overall effect on accessory genome composition at the population level, contrasting with the decrease in pneumococcal disease rates after the vaccine's introduction.
authors: Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Nicholas J
authors: NJ
authors: Croucher
authors: Jonathan A
authors: JA
authors: Finkelstein
authors: Stephen I
authors: SI
authors: Pelton
authors: Patrick K
authors: PK
authors: Mitchell
authors: Grace M
authors: GM
authors: Lee
authors: Julian
authors: J
authors: Parkhill
authors: Stephen D
authors: SD
authors: Bentley
authors: William P
authors: WP
authors: Hanage
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Lipsitch
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D032541:Mass Vaccination; D056186:Metagenomics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D015995:Prevalence; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines
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