title: Clinical applications of functional MR imaging.
abstract: Functional magnetic resonance (fMR) imaging for neurosurgical planning has become the standard of care in centers where it is available. Although paradigms to measure eloquent cortices are not yet standardized, simple tasks elicit reliable maps for planning neurosurgical procedures. A patient-specific paradigm design will refine the usability of fMR imaging for prognostication and recovery of function. Certain pathologic conditions and technical issues limit the interpretation of fMR imaging maps in clinical use and should be considered carefully. However, fMR imaging for neurosurgical planning continues to provide insights into how the brain works and how it responds to pathologic insults.
authors: Functional MRI Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors: Artem S
authors: AS
authors: Belyaev
authors: Kyung K
authors: KK
authors: Peck
authors: Nicole M Petrovich
authors: NM
authors: Brennan
authors: Andrei I
authors: AI
authors: Holodny
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D006801:Humans; D064795:Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*