title: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry versus quantitative ultrasonography in diagnosing osteoporosis in patients with refractory epilepsy and chronic antiepileptic drug use.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of calcaneal quantitative ultrasonography (QUS) as a screening method for increased risk of osteoporosis in a unique population of people with chronic epilepsy, intellectual disability (ID), and chronic use of antiepileptic drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 205 patients from a long-stay care facility for people with epilepsy underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and QUS of the calcaneus. T-scores for both DXA and QUS were calculated and correlated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 195 patients (95.1%) were successfully measured with DXA and 204 (99.5%) with QUS. High correlations were found between DXA and QUS T-scores: r = 0.666 (QUS versus T-score total femur), r = 0.631 (QUS versus T-score femur neck) and r = 0.485 (QUS versus T-score lumbar spine). All correlations were statistically significant (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QUS showed a strong correlation with DXA and proved to be a feasible measuring method in a population with ID and epilepsy. Including osteopenia in the screening process increases the sensitivity of QUS to identify those patients at risk for the development of bone diseases.
authors: Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: Beerhorst
authors: Joost
authors: J
authors: Tan
authors: In Yu
authors: IY
authors: Tan
authors: Pauline
authors: P
authors: Verschuure
authors: Albert P
authors: AP
authors: Aldenkamp
keywords: antiepileptic drugs; bone metabolism; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; epilepsy; osteoporosis; quantitative ultrasonography
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