title: Behavior of Typha angustifolia L. in a free water surface constructed wetlands for the treatment of swine wastewater.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of Typha angustifolia L. in nitrogen retention in a Free Water Surface Constructed Wetland (FWS) for the swine wastewater treatment over a three-year operating period. Results show that the behavior of Typha angustifolia L. in a FWS for treatment of swine wastewater is affected by nitrogen concentration, seasonal variation and plant establishment in the system. Indeed, the application of Nitrogen Loading Rates (NLR) between 7.1-14.3 kg TN/ha·d removes 40% of Total Nitrogen (TN), where the maximum removal (20-40%) takes place in the spring-summer seasons. However, concentrations higher than 120.3 mg NH4 (+)-N/L significantly decrease (P = 0.004) diametrical growth by 55%. However, it was possible to estimate that NLR >14.3 kg TN/ha·d increased biomass production and plant uptake in Typha angustifolia L. during the period analyzed. Additionally, aboveground biomass values were between 1.509.6-2.874.0 g/m(2) and nitrogen uptake 27.4-40.8 g/m(2), where this last value represents 29% of the TN applied during the study. Finally, the TN accumulation in sediments represents less than 2% of the TN incorporated during this period. These results show that an increase of 50% of the TN in sediments increases plant abundance in 73%, which is related to the mineralization processes favored in the system during the last year of operation.
authors: Environmental Sciences Center EULA-Chile , Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
authors: Catalina Plaza
authors: CP
authors: De Los Reyes
authors: Cristina A
authors: CA
authors: Villamar
authors: María Elisa
authors: ME
authors: Neubauer
authors: Guillermo
authors: G
authors: Pozo
authors: Gladys
authors: G
authors: Vidal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000633:toxicity; D012621:Seasons; D013552:Swine; D032401:Typhaceae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D009584:Nitrogen; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical