title: Directional transport is mediated by a Dynein-dependent step in an RNA localization pathway.
abstract: Cytoplasmic RNA localization is a key biological strategy for establishing polarity in a variety of organisms and cell types. However, the mechanisms that control directionality during asymmetric RNA transport are not yet clear. To gain insight into this crucial process, we have analyzed the molecular machinery directing polarized transport of RNA to the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes. Using a novel approach to measure directionality of mRNA transport in live oocytes, we observe discrete domains of unidirectional and bidirectional transport that are required for vegetal RNA transport. While kinesin-1 appears to promote bidirectional transport along a microtubule array with mixed polarity, dynein acts first to direct unidirectional transport of RNA towards the vegetal cortex. Thus, vegetal RNA transport occurs through a multistep pathway with a dynein-dependent directional cue. This provides a new framework for understanding the mechanistic basis of cell and developmental polarity.
authors: Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors: James A
authors: JA
authors: Gagnon
authors: Jill A
authors: JA
authors: Kreiling
authors: Erin A
authors: EA
authors: Powrie
authors: Timothy R
authors: TR
authors: Wood
authors: Kimberly L
authors: KL
authors: Mowry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D016764:Cell Polarity; D004398:Dyneins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016547:Kinesins / Q000378:metabolism; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D034443:RNA Transport; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: C513103:GDF1 protein, Xenopus; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D004398:Dyneins; D016547:Kinesins
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