title: Free radicals in chemical biology: from chemical behavior to biomarker development.
abstract: The involvement of free radicals in life sciences has constantly increased with time and has been connected to several physiological and pathological processes. This subject embraces diverse scientific areas, spanning from physical, biological and bioorganic chemistry to biology and medicine, with applications to the amelioration of quality of life, health and aging. Multidisciplinary skills are required for the full investigation of the many facets of radical processes in the biological environment and chemical knowledge plays a crucial role in unveiling basic processes and mechanisms. We developed a chemical biology approach able to connect free radical chemical reactivity with biological processes, providing information on the mechanistic pathways and products. The core of this approach is the design of biomimetic models to study biomolecule behavior (lipids, nucleic acids and proteins) in aqueous systems, obtaining insights of the reaction pathways as well as building up molecular libraries of the free radical reaction products. This context can be successfully used for biomarker discovery and examples are provided with two classes of compounds: mono-trans isomers of cholesteryl esters, which are synthesized and used as references for detection in human plasma, and purine 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxyribonucleosides, prepared and used as reference in the protocol for detection of such lesions in DNA samples, after ionizing radiations or obtained from different health conditions.
authors: ISOF - Bio Free Radicals, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche.
authors: Chryssostomos
authors: C
authors: Chatgilialoglu
authors: Carla
authors: C
authors: Ferreri
authors: Annalisa
authors: A
authors: Masi
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Melchiorre
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Sansone
authors: Michael A
authors: MA
authors: Terzidis
authors: Armida
authors: A
authors: Torreggiani
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000737:chemistry; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D011684:Purine Nucleosides / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D005609:Free Radicals; D011684:Purine Nucleosides
references: Aging Cell. 2012 Aug;11(4):714-6
references: 22530741
references: J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Sep 28;133(38):15184-90
references: 21851063
references: Acc Chem Res. 2005 Jun;38(6):441-8
references: 15966710
references: Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2012 Sep;12(7):767-80
references: 23153242
references: Methods Mol Biol. 2009;579:391-411
references: 19763487
references: Chem Soc Rev. 2011 Mar;40(3):1368-82
references: 21221459
references: Anal Chem. 2011 Mar 15;83(6):2201-9
references: 21323344
references: Org Biomol Chem. 2010 Jul 21;8(14):3211-9
references: 20502776
references: Free Radic Biol Med. 2005 May 1;38(9):1180-7
references: 15808415
references: Chem Res Toxicol. 2007 Dec;20(12):1820-4
references: 17988100
references: Free Radic Biol Med. 2006 May 1;40(9):1549-56
references: 16632115
references: Rejuvenation Res. 2008 Feb;11(1):63-72
references: 18160025
references: J Proteomics. 2011 Oct 19;74(11):2264-73
references: 21447412
references: J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Jul 2;130(26):8377-85
references: 18528991