title: Hypertension in pregnancy is a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease decades after pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An ankle-brachial index (ABI) (the ratio of ankle to brachial artery systolic blood pressure) value ≤0.9 identifies patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and elevated cardiovascular event risk. This study examined whether women with a history of hypertension in pregnancy are more likely to have an ABI ≤0.9 decades after pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ABI was measured in nulliparous women (n = 144), and women with a history of normotensive (n = 1272) or hypertensive (n = 281) pregnancies who participated in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) study [non-Hispanic white (39%) and black (61%) women, 60 (mean) ± 10 (SD) years of age]. Relationships between PAD and pregnancy history were examined by logistic regression. Compared to women with a history of normotensive pregnancy, women with a history of hypertensive pregnancy had greater odds of PAD (1.61 (odds ratio); 1.04-2.49 (95% confidence interval), p = 0.03, adjusted for age, race, height and heart rate). Additional adjustment for ever smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, a family history of hypertension or coronary heart disease, body mass index and education did not attenuate this relationship (1.63; 1.02-2.62, p = 0.04). PAD risk did not differ between women with a history of normotensive pregnancy and nulliparous women (1.06; 0.52-2.14, p = 0.87).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypertension in pregnancy is an independent risk factor for PAD decades after pregnancy after adjusting for race, age, height, heart rate, ever smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, a family history of hypertension or coronary heart disease, body mass index and education.
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, RO-MA-19-E19NEP, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors: Tracey L
authors: TL
authors: Weissgerber
authors: Stephen T
authors: ST
authors: Turner
authors: Kent R
authors: KR
authors: Bailey
authors: Thomas H
authors: TH
authors: Mosley
authors: Sharon L R
authors: SL
authors: Kardia
authors: Heather J
authors: HJ
authors: Wiste
authors: Virginia M
authors: VM
authors: Miller
authors: Iftikhar J
authors: IJ
authors: Kullo
authors: Vesna D
authors: VD
authors: Garovic
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
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