title: Increased cortical activity in binge drinkers during working memory task: a preliminary assessment through a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cerebral dysfunction is a common feature of both chronic alcohol abusers and binge drinkers. Here, we aimed to study whether, at equated behavioral performance levels, binge drinkers exhibited increased neural activity while performing simple cognitive tasks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two participants (16 binge drinkers and 16 matched controls) were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing an n-back working memory task. In the control zero-back (N0) condition, subjects were required to press a button with the right hand when the number "2" was displayed. In the two-back (N2) condition, subjects had to press a button when the displayed number was identical to the number shown two trials before.
  
  
  RESULTS
  fMRI analyses revealed higher bilateral activity in the pre-supplementary motor area in binge drinkers than matched controls, even though behavioral performances were similar. Moreover, binge drinkers showed specific positive correlations between the number of alcohol doses consumed per occasion and higher activity in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, as well as between the number of drinking occasions per week and higher activity in cerebellum, thalamus and insula while performing the N2 memory task.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Binge alcohol consumption leads to possible compensatory cerebral changes in binge drinkers that facilitate normal behavioral performance. These changes in cerebral responses may be considered as vulnerability factors for developing adult substance use disorders.
authors: Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.) and U.L.B. Neuroscience Institute, Brussels, Belgium. salvatore.campanella@chu-brugmann.be
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Campanella
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Peigneux
authors: Géraldine
authors: G
authors: Petit
authors: Frédéric
authors: F
authors: Lallemand
authors: Mélanie
authors: M
authors: Saeremans
authors: Xavier
authors: X
authors: Noël
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Metens
authors: Mustapha
authors: M
authors: Nouali
authors: Xavier
authors: X
authors: De Tiège
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: De Witte
authors: Roberta
authors: R
authors: Ward
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Verbanck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D063425:Binge Drinking / Q000191:economics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000191:economics / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D040541:Marketing; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009498:Neurotoxins; D000431:Ethanol
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