title: Increased plasma caveolin-1 levels are associated with progression of prostate cancer among Japanese men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Up-regulation of caveolin-1 (CAV1) is associated with aggressive prostate cancer. Among Caucasian and African-American patients, plasma CAV1 levels are elevated in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), but not in those with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (non-CRPC), which implies that CAV1 could be a therapeutic target for CRPC. Here, we evaluated associations between plasma CAV1 levels and these types of cancer in Japanese men, and CAV1 expression in PC3 (CRPC) and LNCaP (non-CRPC) cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma samples were obtained from 58 patients with prostate cancer: 36 with CRPC and 22 with non-CRPC. Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to determine CAV1 plasma levels; qRT-PCR and western blots were used to evaluate the expression of CAV1 mRNA and protein in cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma CAV1 levels in patients with CRPC were greatly higher than in those with non-CRPC (1.46±1.37 ng/ml in CRPC; 0.56±0.32 ng/ml in non-CRPC, p<0.004). Western blot and real-time qRT-PCR showed CAV1 protein and mRNA in PC3 cells to be significantly overexpressed compared to its expression in LNCaP cells (p<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed a relationship between CAV1 expression and prostate cancer progression, and support the possibility of CAV1 as a therapeutic target for CRPC.
authors: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Sugie
authors: Shoichiro
authors: S
authors: Mukai
authors: Hiromasa
authors: H
authors: Tsukino
authors: Yoshinobu
authors: Y
authors: Toda
authors: Takenori
authors: T
authors: Yamauchi
authors: Ichiro
authors: I
authors: Nishikata
authors: Yoshiki
authors: Y
authors: Kuroda
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Morishita
authors: Toshiyuki
authors: T
authors: Kamoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C495540:CAV1 protein, human; D051242:Caveolin 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Caveolin-1; ELISA; progression; prostate cancer