title: Methionine oxidation and reduction in proteins.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cysteine and methionine are the two sulfur containing amino acids in proteins. While the roles of protein-bound cysteinyl residues as endogenous antioxidants are well appreciated, those of methionine remain largely unexplored.
  
  
  METHODS
  We summarize the key roles of methionine residues in proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recent studies establish that cysteine and methionine have remarkably similar functions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both cysteine and methionine serve as important cellular antioxidants, stabilize the structure of proteins, and can act as regulatory switches through reversible oxidation and reduction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Current methods to study reactive oxygen species - pros and cons and biophysics of membrane proteins. Guest Editor: Christine Winterbourn.
authors: Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors: Geumsoo
authors: G
authors: Kim
authors: Stephen J
authors: SJ
authors: Weiss
authors: Rodney L
authors: RL
authors: Levine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008715:Methionine / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D008715:Methionine
keywords: A(2)M; MetO; Methionine; Methionine sulfoxide; Methionine sulfoxide reductase; Msr; Oxidant defense; methionine sulfoxide; methionine sulfoxide reductase; α(2)macroglobulin
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