title: ERG overexpression and PTEN status predict capsular penetration in prostate carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examines the combined effect of two common genetic alterations, ERG and PTEN, in prostate carcinoma progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prostate tissue from 90 patients having unilateral capsular penetrating lesions, and a contra-lateral organ confined second lesion, were examined by immunohistochemistry for the expression of the TMPRSS2:ERG transformation product ERG and the loss of expression of PTEN, a powerful phosphatase inhibiting the PI3 kinase pathway. Multivariate logistic regression was carried out to analyze the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for Gleason score, the odds of having capsular penetration were 5.19 times higher (P = 0.015) for ERG+/PTEN- group as compared to the wild type (ERG-/PTEN+).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study presents the first evidence that ERG over expression and PTEN deletion is associated with greater risk of capsular penetration. Although further studies are needed, these results have the potential to change clinical assessment for prostate cancer.
authors: Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. rnagle@azcc.arizona.edu
authors: Raymond B
authors: RB
authors: Nagle
authors: Amit M
authors: AM
authors: Algotar
authors: Connie C
authors: CC
authors: Cortez
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Smith
authors: Carol
authors: C
authors: Jones
authors: Ubaradka G
authors: UG
authors: Sathyanarayana
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Yun
authors: Janice
authors: J
authors: Riley
authors: Dea
authors: D
authors: Nagy
authors: Ryan
authors: R
authors: Dittamore
authors: Bruce
authors: B
authors: Dalkin
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Brosh
authors: Gary
authors: G
authors: Pestano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D000071230:Transcriptional Regulator ERG
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C072312:ERG protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000071230:Transcriptional Regulator ERG; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human
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