title: Effects of catechin polyphenols and preparations from the plant-parasitic nematode Heterodera glycines on protease activity and behaviour in three nematode species.
abstract: Protease activities in preparations from the plant-parasitic nematodes Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita and the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus were inhibited by exposure to a series of eight catechin polyphenol analogues, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-gallocatechin (GC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-catechin gallate (CG), (-)-gallocatechin gallate (GCG), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (1 mm each), and by a preparation from H. glycines cysts. General protease activity detected with the FRET-peptide substrate QXL520-KSAYMRF-K(5-FAM)a and proteasome chymotrypsin-like (CTL) activity detected with succinyl-LLVY-AMC were each inhibited significantly more (P < 0.05) by the gallated form of the polyphenol than by the corresponding non-gallated form. Species differences in response to inhibition across all analogues were revealed with the CTL substrate, but CG was a consistently potent inhibitor across all three species and with each substrate. A heat-stable component (CE) from H. glycines cysts inhibited M. incognita CTL activity by 92.07 ± 0.68%, significantly less (P < 0.05) in H. glycines (52.86 ± 2.77%), and by only 17.24 ± 0.55% (P < 0.05) in P. redivivus preparations. CTL activity was, however, inhibited more than 60% in all preparations by the proteasome-specific inhibitor MG-132. Hatching of M. incognita infective juveniles exposed to 1 mm CG, ECG, GCG or EGCG was reduced by 83.88 ± 4.26%, 69.98 ± 9.14%, 94.93 ± 1.71% and 87.93 ± 2.89%, respectively, while hatching of H. glycines was reduced less than 25% by each analogue. CE had no effect on nematode hatch, but did cause a 60% reduction in mobility of H. glycines infective juveniles exposed overnight to CE in vitro, which was more (P < 0.05) than the reduction of M. incognita infective juvenile mobility (20%).
authors: Nematology Laboratory United States,Department of Agriculture,Agricultural Research Service, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, BARC-West,BeltsvilleMD20705-2350,USA.
authors: E P
authors: EP
authors: Masler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002392:Catechin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017168:Rhabditida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D014431:Tylenchoidea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D059808:Polyphenols; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D002392:Catechin; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases