title: Establishment of a novel rat model for deep tissue injury deterioration.
abstract: Deep tissue injuries (DTIs) can become significant problems because of their rapid deterioration into deep pressure ulcers. Presently, no animal model of DTI deterioration has been developed. By concentrating pressure and shear stress in deep tissues while minimising pressure and shear stress in the overlying skin, we produced an effective rat model of DTI deterioration. Two-dimensional finite element method (FEM) simulated the distribution of pressure and shear stress under several pressure-loading conditions. FEM showed that concentrated shear stress in deep tissue with minimum shear stress in the overlying skin could be created by using a prominence and a cushion, respectively. On the basis of the results of FEM analysis, we selected suitable conditions for testing the rat DTI deterioration model. The compressed area was macroscopically observed until day 13, and histopathologic analysis via haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed on days 3, 7 and 13. H&E staining showed that the distribution of tissue damage was similar to the predicted FEM results. Deep ulceration and tissue damage extending from deep tissues to the overlying skin and surrounding tissues were observed in the DTI deterioration model, which are similar to the clinical manifestations of DTI deterioration. In conclusion, a representative DTI deterioration model was established by concentrating high shear stress in deep tissues while minimising shear stress in the overlying skin. This model will allow a better understanding of the mechanisms behind DTI deterioration and the development of preventative strategies.
authors: Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Nursing, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
authors: Yunita
authors: Y
authors: Sari
authors: Takeo
authors: T
authors: Minematsu
authors: Lijuan
authors: L
authors: Huang
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Noguchi
authors: Taketoshi
authors: T
authors: Mori
authors: Gojiro
authors: G
authors: Nakagami
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Nagase
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Oe
authors: Junko
authors: J
authors: Sugama
authors: Kotaro
authors: K
authors: Yoshimura
authors: Hiromi
authors: H
authors: Sanada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019245:Compressive Strength; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D008297:Male; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
keywords: Deep tissue injury; Deterioration; Finite element method; Rat; Shear stress
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