title: Transcriptome analysis of buds and leaves using 454 pyrosequencing to discover genes associated with the biosynthesis of active ingredients in Lonicera japonica Thunb.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lonicera japonica Thunb. is a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic, and antiviral pharmacological properties. The major active secondary metabolites of this plant are chlorogenic acid (CGA) and luteoloside. While the biosynthetic pathways of these metabolites are relatively well known, the genetic information available for this species, especially the biosynthetic pathways of its active ingredients, is limited.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We obtained one million reads (average length of 400 bp) in a whole sequence run using a Roche/454 GS FLX titanium platform. Altogether, 85.69% of the unigenes covering the entire life cycle of the plant were annotated and 325 unigenes were assigned to secondary metabolic pathways. Moreover, 2039 unigenes were predicted as transcription factors. Nearly all of the possible enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of CGA and luteoloside were discovered in L. japonica. Three hydroxycinnamoyl transferase genes, including two hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase genes and one hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT) gene featuring high similarity to known genes from other species, were cloned. The HCT gene was discovered for the first time in L. japonica. In addition, 188 candidate cytochrome P450 unigenes and 245 glycosyltransferase unigenes were found in the expressed sequence tag (EST) dataset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides a high quality EST database for L. japonica by 454 pyrosequencing. Based on the EST annotation, a set of putative genes involved in CGA and luteoloside biosynthetic pathways were discovered. The database serves as an important source of public information on genetic markers, gene expression, genomics, and functional genomics in L. japonica.
authors: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors: Liu
authors: L
authors: He
authors: Xiaolan
authors: X
authors: Xu
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Chunfang
authors: C
authors: Li
authors: Yingjie
authors: Y
authors: Zhu
authors: Haixia
authors: H
authors: Yan
authors: Zhiying
authors: Z
authors: Sun
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Sun
authors: Jingyuan
authors: J
authors: Song
authors: Yu'an
authors: Y
authors: Bi
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Shen
authors: Ruiyang
authors: R
authors: Cheng
authors: Zhenzhong
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Xiao
authors: Shilin
authors: S
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D031239:Lonicera / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics*; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D000217:Acyltransferases; C021394:hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA-quinate transferase
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