title: The bacterial effector DspA/E is toxic in Arabidopsis thaliana and is required for multiplication and survival of fire blight pathogen.
abstract: The type III effector DspA/E is an essential pathogenicity factor of the phytopathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora. We showed that DspA/E was required for transient bacterial growth in nonhost Arabidopsis thaliana leaves, as an E. amylovora dspA/E mutant was unable to grow. We expressed DspA/E in A. thaliana transgenic plants under the control of an oestradiol-inducible promoter, and found that DspA/E expressed in planta restored the growth of a dspA/E mutant. DspA/E expression in these transgenic plants led to the modulation by at least two-fold of the expression of 384 genes, mostly induced (324 genes). Both induced and repressed genes contained high proportions of defence genes. DspA/E expression ultimately resulted in plant cell death without requiring a functional salicylic acid signalling pathway. Analysis of A. thaliana transgenic seedlings expressing a green fluorescent protein (GFP):DspA/E fusion indicated that the fusion protein could only be detected in a few cells per seedling, suggesting the degradation or absence of accumulation of DspA/E in plant cells. Consistently, we found that DspA/E repressed plant protein synthesis when injected by E. amylovora or when expressed in transgenic plants. Thus, we conclude that DspA/E is toxic to A. thaliana: it promotes modifications, among which the repression of protein synthesis could be determinant in the facilitation of necrosis and bacterial growth.
authors: INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Pathogènes, UMR217 Paris, France.
authors: Alexandre
authors: A
authors: Degrave
authors: Manon
authors: M
authors: Moreau
authors: Alban
authors: A
authors: Launay
authors: Marie-Anne
authors: MA
authors: Barny
authors: Marie-Noëlle
authors: MN
authors: Brisset
authors: Oriane
authors: O
authors: Patrit
authors: Ludivine
authors: L
authors: Taconnat
authors: Regine
authors: R
authors: Vedel
authors: Mathilde
authors: M
authors: Fagard
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000378:metabolism; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000378:metabolism; D044084:Erwinia amylovora / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005936:Glucans / Q000378:metabolism; D050296:Microbial Viability; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae / Q000502:physiology; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004573:Electrolytes; D005936:Glucans; C048306:callose; D020156:Salicylic Acid
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