title: Regular exercise prevents sleep deprivation associated impairment of long-term memory and synaptic plasticity in the CA1 area of the hippocampus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise on sleep deprivation (S-D)-induced impairment of hippocampal dependent long-term memory, late phase long-term potentiation (L-LTP) and its signaling cascade in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) area.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were conditioned to run on treadmills for 4 weeks then deprived of sleep for 24 h using the columns-in-water method. We tested the effect of exercise and/or S-D on behavioral performance using a post-learning paradigm in the radial arm water maze (RAWM) and in vivo extracellular recording in the CA1 area. The levels of L-LTP-related molecules in the CA1 area were then assessed both before and after L-LTP induction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 24 h of S-D, spatial long-term memory impairment in the RAWM and L-LTP suppression was prevented by 4 weeks of regular exercise. Regular exercise also restored the S-D-associated decreases in the basal levels of key signaling molecules such as: calcium/calmodulin kinase IV (CaMKIV), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK), phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (P-CREB) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), in the CA1 area. After L-LTP induction, regular exercise also prevented the S-D-induced down regulation of BDNF and P-CREB protein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that our exercise protocol may prevent 24-h S-D-induced impairments in long-term memory and LTP by preventing deleterious changes in the basal and post-stimulation levels of P-CREB and BDNF associated with S-D.
authors: Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, TX.
authors: Munder
authors: M
authors: Zagaar
authors: An
authors: A
authors: Dao
authors: Amber
authors: A
authors: Levine
authors: Ibrahim
authors: I
authors: Alhaider
authors: Karim
authors: K
authors: Alkadhi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D056547:CA1 Region, Hippocampal / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D057567:Memory, Long-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000150:complications*
keywords: BDNF; CREB; ERK1/2; LTP; RAWM; Sleep deprivation; forced exercise
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