title: Development of the human pancreas from foregut to endocrine commitment.
abstract: Knowledge of human pancreas development underpins our interpretation and exploitation of human pluripotent stem cell (PSC) differentiation toward a β-cell fate. However, almost no information exists on the early events of human pancreatic specification in the distal foregut, bud formation, and early development. Here, we have studied the expression profiles of key lineage-specific markers to understand differentiation and morphogenetic events during human pancreas development. The notochord was adjacent to the dorsal foregut endoderm during the fourth week of development before pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 detection. In contrast to the published data from mouse embryos, during human pancreas development, we detected only a single-phase of Neurogenin 3 (NEUROG3) expression and endocrine differentiation from approximately 8 weeks, before which Nirenberg and Kim homeobox 2.2 (NKX2.2) was not observed in the pancreatic progenitor cell population. In addition to revealing a number of disparities in timing between human and mouse development, these data, directly assembled from human tissue, allow combinations of transcription factors to define sequential stages and differentiating pancreatic cell types. The data are anticipated to provide a useful reference point for stem cell researchers looking to differentiate human PSCs in vitro toward the pancreatic β-cell so as to model human development or enable drug discovery and potential cell therapy.
authors: Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K.
authors: Rachel E
authors: RE
authors: Jennings
authors: Andrew A
authors: AA
authors: Berry
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Kirkwood-Wilson
authors: Neil A
authors: NA
authors: Roberts
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Hearn
authors: Rachel J
authors: RJ
authors: Salisbury
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Blaylock
authors: Karen
authors: K
authors: Piper Hanley
authors: Neil A
authors: NA
authors: Hanley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D000090322:Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.2; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010179:Pancreas / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D000090322:Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.2; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; C498695:NEUROG3 protein, human; C000715631:NKX2-2 protein, human; C407737:Neurog3 protein, mouse; C000715627:Nkx2-2 protein, mouse; C000715630:nkx2.2b protein, zebrafish
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