title: Development of sexual expectancies among adolescents: contributions by parents, peers and the media.
abstract: To expand the scant research on sexual expectancies development among non-sexually active adolescents, we examined the relationship between adolescents' exposure to four socializing agents--mother/female guardian, father/male guardian, peers, and television programs with high sexual content--and their endorsement of four sexual expectancies: social benefit, pleasure, social risk, and health risk. Data are from Waves 2 and 3 of a three-wave annual longitudinal study conducted among California adolescents, the majority of whom were not sexually active (N = 914, 84%). Structural equation models were conducted to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between the socializing agents and the sexual expectancies. Cross-sectional results indicate associations between peer sexual communication and social benefit, pleasure, and social risk expectancies. A positive association was found between exposure to music videos and social benefit expectancies, and a negative association was found between exposure to music videos and health risk expectancies. Longitudinal results suggest that communication with peers positively predicted pleasure expectancies and negatively predicted social risk expectancies. No other socializing agents were associated with any sexual expectancies. An invariance test found that significant correlations were similar across the different age groups. Results suggest that efforts to support positive sexual decision making among non-sexually active adolescents should target peer sexual communication.
authors: a Social Science Research Center, Mississippi State University.
authors: Kathleen
authors: K
authors: Ragsdale
authors: Melina M
authors: MM
authors: Bersamin
authors: Seth J
authors: SJ
authors: Schwartz
authors: Byron L
authors: BL
authors: Zamboanga
authors: Madeleine R
authors: MR
authors: Kerrick
authors: Joel W
authors: JW
authors: Grube
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D059031:Anticipation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008402:Mass Media; D010290:Parents; D010379:Peer Group; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D012919:Social Behavior
references: J Sex Res. 2010 Sep;47(5):479-89
references: 19662564
references: Pediatrics. 2008 Mar;121(3):e612-8
references: 18310180
references: Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2009 Jun;41(2):92-100
references: 19493218
references: J Health Commun. 2012;17(5):498-514
references: 22339275
references: Gynecol Endocrinol. 2010 Jul;26(7):479-83
references: 20236027
references: Psychol Sci. 2012 Sep 1;23(9):984-93
references: 22810165
references: Curr Opin Pediatr. 2005 Aug;17(4):460-5
references: 16012256
references: J Sex Res. 2011 Sep;48(5):437-49
references: 20818574
references: Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2004 Jan-Feb;36(1):6-10
references: 14982671
references: Fam Plann Perspect. 1998 Sep-Oct;30(5):218-22, 235
references: 9782044
references: Media Psychol. 2008 Oct 1;11(4):443-461
references: 20376301
references: J Adolesc Health. 2004 Mar;34(3):200-8
references: 14967343
references: Communic Res. 2010 Apr 1;37(2):239-255
references: 20613973
references: J Adolesc Health. 2005 Sep;37(3):211-9
references: 16109340
references: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2005 Dec;89(6):914-24
references: 16393024
references: J Health Commun. 2004 Jan-Feb;9(1):3-29
references: 14761831
references: Addict Behav. 2012 Mar;37(3):353-6
references: 22143001
references: J Adolesc Health. 1999 Mar;24(3):181-9
references: 10195801
references: Psychol Addict Behav. 2010 Sep;24(3):386-96
references: 20853923
references: J Adolesc Health. 2005 May;36(5):420-7
references: 15837346
references: Am J Health Behav. 2009 Jan-Feb;33(1):37-48
references: 18844519
references: Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2010 Mar;42(1):56-63
references: 20415887
references: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2001 Jul;155(7):813-7
references: 11434849
references: Adolesc Med State Art Rev. 2012 Apr;23(1):15-33, ix
references: 22764553
references: J Res Adolesc. 2011 Sep 1;21(3):
references: 24288448
references: Commun Methods Meas. 2008 Jan 1;2(1-2):43-64
references: 20411048
references: J Adolesc Health. 2006 Mar;38(3):186-92
references: 16488814
references: Pediatrics. 2004 Sep;114(3):e280-9
references: 15342887
references: Ann Behav Med. 2007 Aug;34(1):56-66
references: 17688397
references: Matern Child Health J. 2006 Mar;10(2):217-24
references: 16555139
references: J Sch Health. 2003 Feb;73(2):68-75
references: 12643022
references: Pediatrics. 1993 Jul;92(1):24-31
references: 8516081
references: J Sex Res. 2004 Nov;41(4):351-62
references: 15765275
references: Pediatrics. 2010 Jan;125(1):34-42
references: 19969618
references: Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2006 Jun;38(2):90-6
references: 16772190
references: Communic Res. 2013 Feb 1;40(1):
references: 24187395
references: J Broadcast Electron Media. 2004;48(4):529-553
references: 29780205
references: J Abnorm Psychol. 2003 Nov;112(4):558-77
references: 14674869