title: Biogeography of Persephonella in deep-sea hydrothermal vents of the Western Pacific.
abstract: Deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields are areas on the seafloor with high biological productivity fueled by microbial chemosynthesis. Members of the Aquificales genus Persephonella are obligately chemosynthetic bacteria, and appear to be key players in carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen cycles in high temperature habitats at deep-sea vents. Although this group of bacteria has cosmopolitan distribution in deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystem around the world, little is known about their population structure such as intraspecific genomic diversity, distribution pattern, and phenotypic diversity. We developed the multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) scheme for their genomic characterization. Sequence variation was determined in five housekeeping genes and one functional gene of 36 Persephonella hydrogeniphila strains originated from the Okinawa Trough and the South Mariana Trough (SNT). Although the strains share >98.7% similarities in 16S rRNA gene sequences, MLSA revealed 35 different sequence types (ST), indicating their extensive genomic diversity. A phylogenetic tree inferred from all concatenated gene sequences revealed the clustering of isolates according to the geographic origin. In addition, the phenotypic clustering pattern inferred from whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) analysis can be correlated to their MLSA clustering pattern. This study represents the first MLSA combined with phenotypic analysis indicative of allopatric speciation of deep-sea hydrothermal vent bacteria.
authors: Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University Hakodate, Japan.
authors: Sayaka
authors: S
authors: Mino
authors: Hiroko
authors: H
authors: Makita
authors: Tomohiro
authors: T
authors: Toki
authors: Junichi
authors: J
authors: Miyazaki
authors: Shingo
authors: S
authors: Kato
authors: Hiromi
authors: H
authors: Watanabe
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Imachi
authors: Tomo-O
authors: TO
authors: Watsuji
authors: Takuro
authors: T
authors: Nunoura
authors: Shigeaki
authors: S
authors: Kojima
authors: Tomoo
authors: T
authors: Sawabe
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Takai
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Nakagawa
keywords: Aquificales; MALDI-TOF/MS; MLSA; Persephonella; biogeography; chemolithoautotroph; deep-sea hydrothermal vent; population structure
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