title: Comparison of a new cobinamide-based method to a standard laboratory method for measuring cyanide in human blood.
abstract: Most hospital laboratories do not measure blood cyanide concentrations, and samples must be sent to reference laboratories. A simple method is needed for measuring cyanide in hospitals. The authors previously developed a method to quantify cyanide based on the high binding affinity of the vitamin B12 analog, cobinamide, for cyanide and a major spectral change observed for cyanide-bound cobinamide. This method is now validated in human blood, and the findings include a mean inter-assay accuracy of 99.1%, precision of 8.75% and a lower limit of quantification of 3.27 µM cyanide. The method was applied to blood samples from children treated with sodium nitroprusside and it yielded measurable results in 88 of 172 samples (51%), whereas the reference laboratory yielded results in only 19 samples (11%). In all 19 samples, the cobinamide-based method also yielded measurable results. The two methods showed reasonable agreement when analyzed by linear regression, but not when analyzed by a standard error of the estimate or paired t-test. Differences in results between the two methods may be because samples were assayed at different times on different sample types. The cobinamide-based method is applicable to human blood, and can be used in hospital laboratories and emergency rooms.
authors: SRI International Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Swezey
authors: Walter
authors: W
authors: Shinn
authors: Carol
authors: C
authors: Green
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Drover
authors: Gregory B
authors: GB
authors: Hammer
authors: Scott R
authors: SR
authors: Schulman
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Zajicek
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Jett
authors: Gerry R
authors: GR
authors: Boss
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002648:Child; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D003038:Cobamides / Q000097:blood*; D003486:Cyanides / Q000097:blood*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D003038:Cobamides; D003486:Cyanides; C017142:cobinamide
references: Anal Chem. 2010 May 15;82(10):4216-21
references: 20420400
references: Biochem Pharmacol. 1991 Dec 11;42 Suppl:S157-65
references: 1768273
references: Clin Chem. 1985 Apr;31(4):591-5
references: 3978792
references: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2010 Nov 1;248(3):269-76
references: 20705081
references: Anal Chim Acta. 2010 Jul 19;673(2):117-25
references: 20599024
references: J Chem Soc Perkin 1. 1965 Sep;:6485-93
references: 5891969
references: Anal Chem. 2010 Jul 15;82(14):6244-50
references: 20560532
references: Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1984;24:451-81
references: 6428300
references: N Engl J Med. 1991 Dec 19;325(25):1761-6
references: 1944484
references: Lancet. 1978 Jul 8;2(8080):91-2
references: 78311
references: Pharm Weekbl Sci. 1984 Aug 24;6(4):129-40
references: 6384923
references: Clin Toxicol. 1977 Sep;11(2):173-93
references: 891111