title: Current state of care for diabetic retinopathy in India.
abstract: In this article we review the current state of care of diabetic retinopathy in India. We discuss the magnitude of the problem; diabetes, and diabetic retinopathy in India. We highlight the causes of vision loss in diabetic retinopathy. The current level of awareness among general population and physicians is a concern. Current screening strategies practiced in India and the situational analysis of ophthalmologists in India are also reviewed. We review the current management of diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. To know the current practice pattern among retinal surgeons in India, a survey was done and the results of the survey are presented. There are few studies in the Indian population which have found some genetic risk and protective factors and a summary of these studies are also presented in this article.
authors: Retina & Vitreous Services, Aravind Eye Care System, No.1 Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India, 625 020. kim@aravind.org
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: Ramasamy
authors: Rajiv
authors: R
authors: Raman
authors: Manish
authors: M
authors: Tandon
mesh_terms: D001766:Blindness / Q000150:complications; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D009885:Ophthalmology; D005791:Patient Care / Q000639:trends*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'
references: Diabet Med. 2003 Sep;20(9):727-33
references: 12925052
references: Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2001 Nov;54(2):89-94
references: 11640992
references: Br J Ophthalmol. 2002 Sep;86(9):1014-8
references: 12185129
references: Ophthalmic Res. 2007;39(5):294-9
references: 17851271
references: Curr Diab Rep. 2012 Aug;12(4):346-54
references: 22585044
references: Ophthalmology. 2011 Sep;118(9):1819-26
references: 21546089
references: Retina. 2010 May;30(5):781-6
references: 20464787
references: Br J Ophthalmol. 2009 Apr;93(4):429-34
references: 19091856
references: Rural Remote Health. 2005 Oct-Dec;5(4):350
references: 16212469
references: Ophthalmology. 2009 Feb;116(2):311-8
references: 19084275
references: N Engl J Med. 1993 Sep 30;329(14):977-86
references: 8366922
references: BMC Med Genet. 2010 Nov 10;11:158
references: 21067572
references: Retina. 2010 Oct;30(9):1488-95
references: 20924264
references: Arch Ophthalmol. 2009 Mar;127(3):245-51
references: 19273785
references: Ophthalmology. 2003 Sep;110(9):1677-82
references: 13129861
references: Diabetes Care. 1992 Oct;15(10):1348-55
references: 1425100
references: Diabetes Care. 2003 Jun;26(6):1831-5
references: 12766118
references: Br J Ophthalmol. 2007 Nov;91(11):1425-9
references: 17947265
references: Ophthalmology. 2010 Jun;117(6):1078-1086.e2
references: 20416952
references: Ophthalmic Genet. 2003 Mar;24(1):41-8
references: 12660865
references: Lancet. 1998 Sep 12;352(9131):837-53
references: 9742976
references: Ophthalmology. 1992 May;99(5):753-9
references: 1594222
references: Ophthalmology. 2011 Apr;118(4):609-14
references: 21459214
references: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2004 Sep;52(3):247-51
references: 15510470
references: Ophthalmic Genet. 2007 Jun;28(2):77-81
references: 17558849
references: Indian J Med Res. 2007 Mar;125(3):297-310
references: 17496357
references: Ophthalmology. 1998 Mar;105(3):406-11
references: 9499768
references: Ophthalmology. 2012 Apr;119(4):789-801
references: 22330964
references: J Diabetes Complications. 2002 Nov-Dec;16(6):391-4
references: 12477623
references: Ophthalmic Genet. 2010 Mar;31(1):18-23
references: 20141354
references: Clin Genet. 2002 May;61(5):344-8
references: 12081717
references: Ophthalmology. 1991 May;98(5 Suppl):766-85
references: 2062512
references: Retina. 2000;20(2):126-33
references: 10783944
references: Histol Histopathol. 1997 Jan;12(1):99-109
references: 9046048
references: BMJ Open. 2012 Aug 17;2(4):
references: 22904330
references: Arch Ophthalmol. 1990 Jul;108(7):958-64
references: 2196036
references: Diabetes Care. 2000 Mar;23(3):345-8
references: 10868863
references: Ophthalmic Genet. 2008 Mar;29(1):11-5
references: 18363167
references: Ophthalmology. 1999 Oct;106(10):1893-9
references: 10519582
references: Curr Eye Res. 2012 Jun;37(6):513-23
references: 22577770
references: Ophthalmology. 2010 Nov;117(11):2146-51
references: 20855114
references: Curr Diabetes Rev. 2012 Jul 1;8(4):274-84
references: 22587512
references: Diabetes Care. 2013 Mar;36(3):631-7
references: 23193204
references: Ophthalmology. 1981 Jul;88(7):583-600
references: 7196564
references: Community Eye Health. 2006 Mar;19(57):13-4
references: 17491739
references: BMJ. 1988 Sep 3;297(6648):587-90
references: 3139221
references: Ophthalmology. 2013 Mar;120(3):566-573
references: 23211635
references: Int Ophthalmol. 1993 Oct;17(5):269-75
references: 8132406
references: Diabetes Care. 1998 Sep;21(9):1414-31
references: 9727886
references: Ophthalmology. 2011 Apr;118(4):615-25
references: 21459215