title: Incidence of metabolic syndrome and its characteristics of patients attending a diabetic outpatient clinic in a tertiary care hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the incidence of metabolic syndrome and non-metabolic syndrome among type 2 diabetic patients attending the diabetic outpatient clinic at tertiary care hospital, Warangal.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted in a period of 6 months from January 2011 to June 2011. The study group consisted of 75 type 2 diabetic patients. They were screened for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and clinical characteristics, and other co-morbidities were recorded. Metabolic syndrome diagnosis was made as per ATP III guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significant in men (54.8%) compared to women (45.2%). Incidence of metabolic syndrome was found to be more in normal weight patients (43.56%). Low high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were observed in both rural (90.63%) and urban (95.65%) patients with metabolic syndrome, followed by increase in waist circumference. The mean HDL level was found to be 23.77 mg/dl. Patients in the age group 51-60 years were found to be more affected with metabolic syndrome. Sedentary household female patients (58.3%) and illiterates (41.8%) were suffering from metabolic syndrome. Patients with metabolic syndrome had been suffering with diabetes (duration of diabetes) from 1 to 5 years. In summary, this cross-sectional study characterizes the metabolic and non-metabolic syndromes of type 2 diabetes patients living in Telangana regions, using ATP III guidelines, and generates a biological resource that enables further investigation of numerous hypotheses related to genetic exposure of both in a population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome was observed in non-obese male patients and was significantly associated with aging. Nevertheless, further studies are required to confirm the metabolic syndrome in larger population.
authors: Department of Pharmacy Practice, MGM Hospital, VCOP, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors: Subash V
authors: SV
authors: Kumar
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Nagesh
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Leena
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Shravani
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Chandrasekar
keywords: Body mass index; diabetes; high density lipoprotein; metabolic syndrome; mortality
references: Hypertension. 2007 Jan;49(1):10-2
references: 17130307
references: Am J Med Sci. 2005 Jun;329(6):292-305
references: 15958871
references: JAMA. 2003 Sep 10;290(10):1345-50
references: 12966126
references: Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2007 Feb;23(2):127-34
references: 16752431
references: Diabetes Care. 2005 May;28(5):1195-200
references: 15855588
references: Annu Rev Public Health. 2001;22:355-75
references: 11274526
references: J Epidemiol Community Health. 2009 Oct;63(10):863-4
references: 19749129
references: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Nov;15(11):2809-16
references: 18070772
references: JAMA. 2001 May 16;285(19):2486-97
references: 11368702
references: Diabetes Care. 2002 Sep;25(9):1612-8
references: 12196436
references: Arch Intern Med. 2004 Feb 9;164(3):249-58
references: 14769621
references: Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2008 Sep;6(3):171-5
references: 18699720
references: Int J Cardiol. 2008 Dec 17;131(1):90-6
references: 18190978
references: Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Mar;81(3):555-63
references: 15755822
references: Nature. 2001 Dec 13;414(6865):782-7
references: 11742409
references: Diabetes Obes Metab. 2005 Jul;7(4):397-405
references: 15955126
references: N Engl J Med. 2004 Jun 3;350(23):2362-74
references: 15175438
references: Diabetes Care. 2003 Jan;26(1):250-1
references: 12502696
references: N Engl J Med. 2002 Mar 14;346(11):802-10
references: 11893791
references: Lancet. 2005 Apr 16-22;365(9468):1398-405
references: 15836888