title: RaoN, a small RNA encoded within Salmonella pathogenicity island-11, confers resistance to macrophage-induced stress.
abstract: Bacterial small non-coding RNAs act as important regulators that control numerous cellular processes. Here we identified RaoN, a novel small RNA encoded in the cspH-envE intergenic region on Salmonella pathogenicity island-11 (SPI-11). RaoN contributes to survival under conditions of acid and oxidative stress combined with nutrient limitation, which partially mimic the intramacrophage environment. Indeed, inactivation of raoN reduces the intramacrophage replication of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis revealed that the lactate dehydrogenase gene ldhA is upregulated in the raoN knockout mutant. Notably, both inactivation and overexpression of ldhA in the WT strain render Salmonella more sensitive to oxidative stress, particularly when combined with nutrient limitation. However, ldhA is not the sole determinant of RaoN function in facilitating intramacrophage survival of Salmonella. Together, our data suggest that balanced regulation of ldhA expression by RaoN is necessary for survival under in vitro stress conditions and contributes to the intramacrophage growth of Salmonella.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.|School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
authors: Yong Heon
authors: YH
authors: Lee
authors: School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
authors: Sinyeon
authors: S
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors: John D
authors: JD
authors: Helmann
authors: Section of Microbial Pathogenesis, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors: Bae-Hoon
authors: BH
authors: Kim
authors: School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
authors: Yong Keun
authors: YK
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D044404:Genomic Islands / Q000235:genetics*; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D058727:RNA, Small Untranslated / Q000235:genetics*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D058727:RNA, Small Untranslated; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
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