title: Achievement of cardiometabolic goals among diabetic patients in Spain. A nationwide population-based study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No previous study has reported a comprehensive assessment of the attainment of cardiometabolic goals in the diabetic population of a European country. We examined the achievement of cardiometabolic goals among diabetics in Spain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A cross-sectional survey was performed in 2008-2010 among 12,077 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged ≥18 years. Information on cardiometabolic characteristics was collected at the participants' homes through structured questionnaires, physical examination, and fasting blood samples. Attainment of cardiometabolic goals was evaluated according to the most well-known guidelines. A total of 834 individuals had diabetes (fasting serum glucose ≥126 mg/dl, or glycosylated hemoglobin ≥6.5%,) or were being treated with oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin). Among diabetic patients, 661 (79.2%) were aware of their condition. Among the aware diabetic patients, only 11.4% had neither general (body mass index <25 kg/m(2)) nor abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≤102 cm in men and ≤88 cm in women), 8.6% consumed <7% of calories daily from saturated fats, and 41.1% achieved the recommendation on weekly physical activity. About 71% had glycosylated hemoglobin <7%, 22% had blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, and 36% reached the LDL-cholesterol goal of <100 mg/dl. Although a large proportion of aware diabetic individuals received lifestyle medical advice, only 38% of overweight individuals and 20% of daily smokers were offered a specific strategy for weight loss or quitting smoking, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a European country with universal healthcare coverage, achievement of many cardiometabolic goals, in particular lifestyle, among aware diabetic individuals is poor. This suggests a need for improvement in both clinical guidelines' implementation and patients' adherence.
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ; CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Beatriz
authors: B
authors: Navarro-Vidal
authors: José R
authors: JR
authors: Banegas
authors: Luz M
authors: LM
authors: León-Muñoz
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Rodríguez-Artalejo
authors: Auxiliadora
authors: A
authors: Graciani
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006040:Goals; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000453:epidemiology; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
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