title: Renal impairment and coronary collaterals in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to elucidate the relationship between mild-to-moderate renal impairment and the development of coronary collateral vessels (CCV) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 461 patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography for the first time. The development of CCV was assessed with the Rentrop score. Kidney function was classified according to the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The Gensini score was used to show the extent of atherosclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean eGFR value was 89.9 ± 24.3 U/l for patients with no development of collaterals and 82.7 ± 20.5 for patients who had CCV. The mean age was 59 ± 11 years and 349 patients (75.7 %) were male. Rentrop classifications 1-2-3 (presence of CCV) were determined in 222 (48.1 %) patients. The presence of CCV was significantly associated with low levels of eGFR (p = 0.001), increased serum creatinine levels (p = 0.034), high levels of serum albumin (0.036), and the Gensini score (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the Gensini score was an independent predictor of the presence of CCV (OR = 1.090, 95 % CI: 1.032-1.151, p = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that the association between mild-to-moderate renal impairment and the presence of CCV may be explained by increased myocardial ischemia and severe CAD.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Ankara Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, mduran2@gmail.com.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Duran
authors: O K
authors: OK
authors: Uysal
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Gunebakmaz
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Yilmaz
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Vatankulu
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Turfan
authors: A O
authors: AO
authors: Duran
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Ornek
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Cetin
authors: S N
authors: SN
authors: Murat
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Kaya
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015984:Causality; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D015897:Comorbidity; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011859:Radiography; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
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