title: Intrinsic properties of larval zebrafish neurons in ethanol.
abstract: The behavioral effects of ethanol have been studied in multiple animal models including zebrafish. Locomotion of zebrafish larvae is resistant to high concentrations of ethanol in bath solution. This resistance has been attributed to a lower systemic concentration of ethanol in zebrafish when compared with bath solution, although the mechanism to maintain such a steep gradient is unclear. Here we examined whether the intrinsic properties of neurons play roles in this resistance. In order to minimize the contribution of metabolism and diffusional barriers, larvae were hemisected and the anterior half immersed in a range of ethanol concentrations thereby ensuring the free access of bath ethanol to the brain. The response to vibrational stimuli of three types of reticulospinal neurons: Mauthner neurons, vestibulospinal neurons, and MiD3 neurons were examined using an intracellular calcium indicator. The intracellular [Ca(2+)] response in MiD3 neurons decreased in 100 mM ethanol, while Mauthner neurons and vestibulospinal neurons required >300 mM ethanol to elicit similar effects. The ethanol effect in Mauthner neurons was reversible following removal of ethanol. Interestingly, activities of MiD3 neurons displayed spontaneous recovery in 300 mM ethanol, suggestive of acute tolerance. Finally, we examined with mechanical vibration the startle response of free-swimming larvae in 300 mM ethanol. Ethanol treatment abolished long latency startle responses, suggesting a functional change in neural processing. These data support the hypothesis that individual neurons in larval zebrafish brains have distinct patterns of response to ethanol dictated by specific molecular targets.
authors: Section on Model Synaptic Systems, Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America.
authors: Hiromi
authors: H
authors: Ikeda
authors: Alison H
authors: AH
authors: Delargy
authors: Tohei
authors: T
authors: Yokogawa
authors: Jason M
authors: JM
authors: Urban
authors: Harold A
authors: HA
authors: Burgess
authors: Fumihito
authors: F
authors: Ono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D002118:Calcium
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