title: Sucralose affects glycemic and hormonal responses to an oral glucose load.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS), such as sucralose, have been reported to have metabolic effects in animal models. However, the relevance of these findings to human subjects is not clear. We evaluated the acute effects of sucralose ingestion on the metabolic response to an oral glucose load in obese subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen obese subjects (BMI 42.3 ± 1.6 kg/m(2)) who did not use NNS and were insulin sensitive (based on a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score ≤ 2.6) underwent a 5-h modified oral glucose tolerance test on two separate occasions preceded by consuming either sucralose (experimental condition) or water (control condition) 10 min before the glucose load in a randomized crossover design. Indices of β-cell function, insulin sensitivity (SI), and insulin clearance rates were estimated by using minimal models of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide kinetics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control condition, sucralose ingestion caused 1) a greater incremental increase in peak plasma glucose concentrations (4.2 ± 0.2 vs. 4.8 ± 0.3 mmol/L; P = 0.03), 2) a 20 ± 8% greater incremental increase in insulin area under the curve (AUC) (P < 0.03), 3) a 22 ± 7% greater peak insulin secretion rate (P < 0.02), 4) a 7 ± 4% decrease in insulin clearance (P = 0.04), and 5) a 23 ± 20% decrease in SI (P = 0.01). There were no significant differences between conditions in active glucagon-like peptide 1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon incremental AUC, or indices of the sensitivity of the β-cell response to glucose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrate that sucralose affects the glycemic and insulin responses to an oral glucose load in obese people who do not normally consume NNS.
authors: Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. ypepino@dom.wustl.edu
authors: M Yanina
authors: MY
authors: Pepino
authors: Courtney D
authors: CD
authors: Tiemann
authors: Bruce W
authors: BW
authors: Patterson
authors: Burton M
authors: BM
authors: Wice
authors: Samuel
authors: S
authors: Klein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013395:Sucrose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D013395:Sucrose; C026285:trichlorosucrose
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