title: Challenges in pharmacogenetics.
abstract: The attempt to optimize drug treatment of patients by using evidenced-based medicine considering individual physiological and disease-related conditions is standard of modern medicine. Pharmacogenetics (PGx) has contributed to individualization considering hereditary genetic information; however, increasingly, pharmacogenomics is becoming essential, particularly in relation to modern oncology. New technologies such as next-generation sequencing and rapid development of computational and information sciences will help to better elucidate the consequences of genetic variation, considering also epigenetics and gene-environmental interactions and their translation into clinically relevant individual phenotypes. This review highlights the current challenging and most promising examples of PGx.
authors: Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany. cascorbi@pharmakologie.uni-kiel.de
authors: Ingolf
authors: I
authors: Cascorbi
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Bruhn
authors: Anneke N
authors: AN
authors: Werk
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D016377:Organ Transplantation; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057285:Precision Medicine
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
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