title: No behavioral or ERP evidence for a developmental lag in visual working memory capacity or filtering in adolescents and adults with ADHD.
abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients have both working memory (WM) and attention problems. Good attention skills are important for WM performance; individuals have higher WM capacity when being able to prevent storage of irrelevant information through efficient filtering. Since it is unknown how filtering ability is associated with WM performance in ADHD, this was investigated in the present study. A visuospatial working memory (VSWM) change detection task with distracting stimuli was administered to adolescents (12-16 years old) and adults (20-46 years old) with and without ADHD matched on education/IQ. Besides performance, contralateral delay activity (CDA) was measured; a neural correlate of the number of targets and distracters encoded and maintained in WM during the retention interval. Performance data showed similar WM-load, WM-distracter interference and developmental effects in ADHD and control groups. Adolescents' performance on the WM task deteriorated more than that of adults in the presence of distracters and with higher WM-load, irrespective of Diagnosis. The CDA data suggested that initially all groups encoded/maintained distracting information, but only adults were able to bounce this information from memory later in the retention interval, leading to better WM performance. The only effect of Diagnosis was a smaller CDA in adolescents and adults with ADHD than in age/IQ-matched controls when maintaining a low 1-item load, which was possibly related to an inability to keep attention focused at cued stimuli with low task demands. Overall, the development of filtering efficiency and VSWM storage capacity in adolescents with ADHD was not different from that in typically developing peers.
authors: Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors: Marjolein
authors: M
authors: Spronk
authors: Edward K
authors: EK
authors: Vogel
authors: Lisa M
authors: LM
authors: Jonkman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D008875:Middle Aged; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D055139:Sensory Gating; D055815:Young Adult
references: Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Jun 15;61(12):1395-401
references: 17046725
references: Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2008 Apr;17(2):245-60, vii
references: 18295145
references: J Neurophysiol. 2010 Apr;103(4):1963-8
references: 20147415
references: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2010;39(6):726-40
references: 21058121
references: Dev Sci. 2009 Jul;12(4):F9-15
references: 19635074
references: Dev Neuropsychol. 2011;36(2):181-98
references: 21347920
references: Psychophysiology. 2011 Mar;48(3):333-6
references: 20701713
references: J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2008;115(2):249-60
references: 18253811
references: Clin Neuropsychol. 2001 Dec;15(4):479-91
references: 11935449
references: J Exp Child Psychol. 2006 Sep;95(1):18-26
references: 16678845
references: Dev Neuropsychol. 2008;33(1):44-61
references: 18443969
references: Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Apr 1;67(7):608-16
references: 19811774
references: Psychol Med. 2005 Aug;35(8):1097-108
references: 16116936
references: Am J Psychiatry. 2009 Nov;166(11):1286-94
references: 19755575
references: Science. 2007 Jan 19;315(5810):393-5
references: 17234951
references: J Cogn Neurosci. 2011 Dec;23(12):4048-56
references: 21671741
references: Cereb Cortex. 2011 May;21(5):1147-54
references: 20884722
references: Brain. 2010 Sep;133(9):2677-89
references: 20688815
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996 Mar;35(3):343-51
references: 8714323
references: Psychol Bull. 2006 Nov;132(6):946-958
references: 17073528
references: Clin Neurophysiol. 2009 Jan;120(1):60-72
references: 19056313
references: J Atten Disord. 2010 May;13(6):677-83
references: 19783809
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005 Apr;44(4):377-84
references: 15782085
references: World Psychiatry. 2003 Jun;2(2):104-13
references: 16946911
references: Biol Psychiatry. 1997 Mar 1;41(5):595-611
references: 9046992
references: Cereb Cortex. 2011 Dec;21(12):2809-19
references: 21527784
references: J Exp Psychol Gen. 2001 Jun;130(2):169-83
references: 11409097
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jun 13;103(24):9315-20
references: 16738055
references: Brain Dev. 2008 May;30(5):342-8
references: 18060712
references: Psychon Bull Rev. 2009 Oct;16(5):857-63
references: 19815789
references: Psychophysiology. 1986 Nov;23(6):695-703
references: 3823345
references: Cognition. 2010 Apr;115(1):93-103
references: 20096409
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 May 26;106(21):8719-24
references: 19433790
references: Brain Cogn. 2010 Feb;72(1):101-13
references: 19765880
references: Child Neuropsychol. 2011;17(5):444-58
references: 21390917
references: J Atten Disord. 2011 Aug;15(6):461-72
references: 20574057
references: J Neurosci. 2008 Apr 16;28(16):4183-91
references: 18417697
references: Sci Am. 1998 Sep;279(3):66-71
references: 9725940
references: Dev Sci. 2010 Jan 1;13(1):120-33
references: 20121868
references: Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Feb 1;63(3):332-7
references: 17888409
references: Cortex. 2007 Jan;43(1):77-94
references: 17334209
references: PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e42262
references: 22927923
references: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2010 Feb;38(2):149-61
references: 19787447
references: Neuropsychologia. 2009 Nov;47(13):2916-26
references: 19560477
references: J Neurosci. 2009 Jul 8;29(27):8726-33
references: 19587279
references: Dev Psychol. 2004 Mar;40(2):177-90
references: 14979759
references: Psychol Sci. 2007 May;18(5):377-81
references: 17576274
references: Nature. 2004 Apr 15;428(6984):748-51
references: 15085132
references: Psychol Bull. 1997 Jan;121(1):65-94
references: 9000892
references: Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Jun 15;69(12):1192-203
references: 21047621
references: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2001 Jun;29(3):229-39
references: 11411785
references: Psychophysiology. 1999 Jul;36(4):419-29
references: 10432791
references: Clin Neurophysiol. 2004 Jul;115(7):1537-49
references: 15203055
references: Neuropsychologia. 2008;46(7):2056-63
references: 18336847
references: Dev Sci. 2011 Sep;14(5):1119-33
references: 21884327
references: Nature. 2005 Nov 24;438(7067):500-3
references: 16306992
references: J Cogn Neurosci. 2012 Jan;24(1):61-79
references: 21955164
references: Psychol Med. 2005 Jun;35(6):817-27
references: 15997602
references: Behav Brain Funct. 2007 Feb 23;3:12
references: 17319951
references: J Cogn Neurosci. 2012 Jan;24(1):51-60
references: 21736457
references: Child Neuropsychol. 2004 Sep;10(3):155-61
references: 15590494