title: Relationship between serum levels of triglycerides and vascular inflammation, measured as COX-2, in arteries from diabetic patients: a translational study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammation is a common feature in the majority of cardiovascular disease, including Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Levels of pro-inflammatory markers have been found in increasing levels in serum from diabetic patients (DP). Moreover, levels of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are increased in coronary arteries from DP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through a cross-sectional design, patients who underwent CABG were recruited. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) were cultured and COX-2 was measured by western blot. Biochemical and clinical data were collected from the medical record and by blood testing. COX-2 expression was analyzed in internal mammary artery cross-sections by confocal microscopy. Eventually, PGI2 and PGE2 were assessed from VSMC conditioned media by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only a high glucose concentration, but a physiological concentration of triglycerides exposure of cultured human VSMC derived from non-diabetic patients increased COX-2 expression .Diabetic patients showed increasing serum levels of glucose, Hb1ac and triglycerides. The bivariate analysis of the variables showed that triglycerides was positively correlated with the expression of COX-2 in internal mammary arteries from patients (r(2) = 0.214, P < 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that is not the glucose blood levels but the triglycerides levels what increases the expression of COX-2 in arteries from DP.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Gordillo-Moscoso
authors: Emilio
authors: E
authors: Ruiz
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Carnero
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Reguillo
authors: Enrique
authors: E
authors: Rodriguez
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Tejerina
authors: Santiago
authors: S
authors: Redondo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000097:blood*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human
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