title: Surface free-carrier screening effect on the output of a ZnO nanowire nanogenerator and its potential as a self-powered active gas sensor.
abstract: The output of a piezoelectric nanogenerator (NG) fabricated using ZnO nanowire arrays is largely influenced by the density of the surface charge carriers at the nanowire surfaces. Adsorption of gas molecules could modify the surface carrier density through a screening effect, thus, the output of the NG is sensitive to the gas concentration. Based on such a mechanism, we first studied the responses of an unpackaged NG to oxygen, H2S and water vapor, and demonstrated its sensitivity to H2S to a level as low as 100 ppm. Therefore, the piezoelectric signal generated by a ZnO NWs NG can act not only as a power source, but also as a response signal to the gas, demonstrating a possible approach as a self-powered active gas sensor.
authors: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China. xuexinyu@mail.neu.edu.cn
authors: Xinyu
authors: X
authors: Xue
authors: Yuxin
authors: Y
authors: Nie
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: He
authors: Lili
authors: L
authors: Xing
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Zhong Lin
authors: ZL
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000032:analysis*; D053770:Nanowires / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013227:Steam / Q000032:analysis*; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D013227:Steam; D010100:Oxygen; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide