title: A missense mutation in CHS1, a TIR-NB protein, induces chilling sensitivity in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Low temperature is an environmental factor that affects plant growth and development and plant-pathogen interactions. How temperature regulates plant defense responses is not well understood. In this study, we characterized chilling-sensitive mutant 1 (chs1), and functionally analyzed the role of the CHS1 gene in plant responses to chilling stress. The chs1 mutant displayed a chilling-sensitive phenotype, and also displayed defense-associated phenotypes, including extensive cell death, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and salicylic acid, and an increased expression of PR genes: these phenotypes indicated that the mutation in chs1 activates the defense responses under chilling stress. A map-based cloning analysis revealed that CHS1 encodes a TIR-NB-type protein. The chilling sensitivity of chs1 was fully rescued by pad4 and eds1, but not by ndr1. The overexpression of the TIR and NB domains can suppress the chs1-conferred phenotypes. Interestingly, the stability of the CHS1 protein was positively regulated by low temperatures independently of the 26S proteasome pathway. This study revealed the role of a TIR-NB-type gene in plant growth and cell death under chilling stress, and suggests that temperature modulates the stability of the TIR-NB protein in Arabidopsis.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors: Yuancong
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Yao
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Zheng
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Xiaoyan
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Shuhua
authors: S
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010641:Phenotype; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C118837:EDS1 protein, Arabidopsis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C400766:PAD4 protein, Arabidopsis; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; C061553:ATP dependent 26S protease; D020156:Salicylic Acid
keywords: Arabidopsis; CHS1; TIR-NB-type protein; chilling stress; defense responses