title: Endemic Burkitt lymphoma is associated with strength and diversity of Plasmodium falciparum malaria stage-specific antigen antibody response.
abstract: Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is linked to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection geographically, but evidence from individual-level studies is limited. We investigated this issue among 354 childhood eBL cases and 384 age-, sex-, and location-matched controls enrolled in Ghana from 1965 to 1994. Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) antibodies to antigens diagnostic of recent infection Pf histidine-rich protein-II (HRP-II) and 6NANP, Pf-vaccine candidates SE36 and 42-kDa region of the 3D7 Pf merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1), and tetanus toxoid were measured by indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for association with eBL were estimated using unconditional logistic regression. After adjustments, eBL was positively associated with HRP-IIIgG3 seropositivity (adjusted OR: 1.60; 95% CI 1.08-2.36) and inversely associated with SE36IgG1 seropositivity (adjusted OR: 0.37; 95% CI 0.21-0.64) and with tetanus toxoidIgG3 levels equal or higher than the mean (adjusted OR: 0.46; 95% CI 0.32-0.66). Anti-MSP-1IgG3 and anti-6NANPIgG3 were indeterminate. eBL risk was potentially 21 times higher (95% CI 5.8-74) in HRP-IIIgG3-seropositive and SE36IgG1-seronegative responders compared with HRP-IIIgG3-seronegative and SE36IgG1-seropositive responders. Our results suggest that recent malaria may be associated with risk of eBL but long-term infection may be protective.
authors: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Aka
authors: Maria Candida
authors: MC
authors: Vila
authors: Amar
authors: A
authors: Jariwala
authors: Francis
authors: F
authors: Nkrumah
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Emmanuel
authors: Masanori
authors: M
authors: Yagi
authors: Nirianne Marie Q
authors: NM
authors: Palacpac
authors: Maria V
authors: MV
authors: Periago
authors: Janet
authors: J
authors: Neequaye
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Kiruthu
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Tougan
authors: Paul H
authors: PH
authors: Levine
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Biggar
authors: Ruth M
authors: RM
authors: Pfeiffer
authors: Kishor
authors: K
authors: Bhatia
authors: Toshihiro
authors: T
authors: Horii
authors: Jeffrey M
authors: JM
authors: Bethony
authors: Sam M
authors: SM
authors: Mbulaiteye
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000235:genetics; D000918:Antibody Specificity / Q000276:immunology; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008018:Life Cycle Stages / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology*; D008297:Male; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan
references: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2011 Oct 12;366(1579):2806-14
references: 21893544
references: Malar J. 2009 Oct 28;8:242
references: 19860926
references: PLoS One. 2009;4(3):e4708
references: 19262754
references: Lancet. 2005 Apr 16-22;365(9468):1429-33
references: 15836892
references: Semin Cancer Biol. 2009 Dec;19(6):347-50
references: 19607918
references: Clin Chem Lab Med. 2009;47(5):596-603
references: 19290843
references: Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Mar;28(3):641-2
references: 10194093
references: Lancet Oncol. 2012 Apr;13(4):339-40
references: 22577663
references: N Engl J Med. 2011 Nov 17;365(20):1863-75
references: 22007715
references: Cancer Res. 1974 May;34(5):1211-2
references: 4842912
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Jun;76(6):1092-7
references: 17556616
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006 Feb;74(2):191-7
references: 16474069
references: Lancet. 1991 Apr 13;337(8746):876-8
references: 1672968
references: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1969 Jan;42(1):19-28
references: 4303830
references: Bull World Health Organ. 1984;62(4):607-13
references: 6386208
references: Br Med J. 1967 Feb 11;1(5536):345-7
references: 6017492
references: Nat Rev Immunol. 2011 Jan;11(1):57-64
references: 21179119
references: Int J Cancer. 2008 Mar 15;122(6):1319-23
references: 18000823
references: Nat Rev Microbiol. 2005 Feb;3(2):182-7
references: 15685227
references: Infect Agent Cancer. 2010 Jul 28;5:13
references: 20667138
references: Lancet Oncol. 2008 Jul;9(7):683-92
references: 18598933
references: Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 Nov;10(11):M111.008326
references: 21825279
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1976 Jul;25(4):633-6
references: 961985
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1974 Jul;23(4):574-6
references: 4367834
references: Vaccine. 2008 Jan 10;26(2):193-200
references: 18054414
references: Int J Cancer. 2012 Apr 15;130(8):1908-14
references: 21630256
references: IARC Sci Publ. 1985;(60):177-86
references: 3905588
references: PLoS One. 2008 Jun 18;3(6):e2505
references: 18560562
references: Lancet. 2002 Feb 2;359(9304):431-4
references: 11844534
references: Br J Cancer. 1970 Jun;24(2):258-9
references: 4194925
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Apr 13;107(15):6958-63
references: 20351286
references: Semin Cancer Biol. 2009 Dec;19(6):411-20
references: 19897039
references: Nat Immunol. 2008 Jul;9(7):725-32
references: 18563083
references: IARC Sci Publ. 1985;(60):87-95
references: 4065952
references: Vaccine. 2011 Aug 11;29(35):5837-45
references: 21718740
references: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1972;66(2):285-91
references: 4625995
references: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1979;73(1):91-5
references: 375487