title: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-RAS signaling pathway in penile squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is a rare cancer with poor prognosis and limited response to conventional chemotherapy. The genetic and epigenetic alterations of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-RAS-RAF signaling in penile SCC are unclear. This study aims to investigate four key members of this pathway in penile SCC. We examined the expression of EGFR and RAS-association domain family 1 A (RASSF1A) as well as the mutation status of K-RAS and BRAF in 150 cases of penile SCC. EGFR and RASSF1A expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. KRAS mutations at codons 12 and 13, and the BRAF mutation at codon 600 were analyzed on DNA isolated from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues by direct genomic sequencing. EGFR expression was positive in all specimens, and its over-expression rate was 92%. RASSF1A expression rate was only 3.42%. Significant correlation was not found between the expression of EGFR or RASSF1A and tumor grade, pT stage or lymph node metastases. The detection of KRAS and BRAF mutations analysis was performed in 94 and 83 tumor tissues, respectively. We found KRAS mutation in only one sample and found no BRAF V600E point mutation. In summary, we found over-expression of EGFR in the majority cases of penile SCC, but only rare expression of RASSF1A, rare KRAS mutation, and no BRAF mutation in penile SCC. These data suggest that anti-EGFR agents may be potentially considered as therapeutic options in penile SCC.
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors: Hong-Feng
authors: HF
authors: Gou
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Meng
authors: M
authors: Qiu
authors: Ke
authors: K
authors: Cheng
authors: Long-Hao
authors: LH
authors: Li
authors: Hang
authors: H
authors: Dong
authors: Ye
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Tang
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Gao
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Zhao
authors: Hai-Tao
authors: HT
authors: Men
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Ge
authors: Jing-Mei
authors: JM
authors: Su
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Xu
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Bi
authors: Jian-Jun
authors: JJ
authors: Gao
authors: Ji-Yan
authors: JY
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C411762:RASSF1 protein, human; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D018631:ras Proteins
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