title: Randomized, open-label study to evaluate patient-reported outcomes with fingolimod after changing from prior disease-modifying therapy for relapsing multiple sclerosis: EPOC study rationale and design.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study to Evaluate Patient OutComes, Safety, and Tolerability of Fingolimod (EPOC; NCT01216072) aimed to test the hypothesis that therapy change to oral Gilenya (Novartis AG, Stein, Switzerland) (fingolimod) improves patient-reported outcomes compared with standard-of-care disease-modifying therapy (DMT) in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis; safety and tolerability were also assessed. This communication describes the study rationale and design.
  
  
  METHODS
  EPOC is a phase 4, open-label, multi-center study conducted in the US and Canada of patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis who are candidates for therapy change. Therapy change eligibility was determined by the treating physician (US patients) or required an inadequate response to or poor tolerance for at least 1 MS therapy (Canadian patients). Patients were randomly assigned in a 3:1 ratio to 6 months of treatment with once-daily oral fingolimod 0.5 mg or standard-of-care DMTs. The primary study end-point was the change from baseline in treatment satisfaction as determined by the global satisfaction sub-scale of the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. Secondary end-points included changes from baseline in perceived effectiveness and side-effects, and measures of activities of daily living, fatigue, depression, and quality-of-life. A 3-month open-label fingolimod extension was available for patients randomly assigned to the DMT group who successfully completed all study visits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Enrollment has been completed with 1053 patients; the patient population is generally older and has a longer duration of disease compared with populations from phase 3 studies of fingolimod.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inclusion criteria selected for patients with a sub-optimal experience with a previous DMT, limiting the collection of data on therapy change in patients who were satisfied with their previous DMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of the EPOC study are anticipated in early 2013 and will inform treatment selection by providing patient-centered data on therapy switch to fingolimod or standard-of-care DMTs.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01216072.
authors: Tampa Neurology Associates, South Tampa Multiple Sclerosis Center, Tampa, FL 33609, USA. me@markcascione.com
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Cascione
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Wynn
authors: Luigi M
authors: LM
authors: Barbato
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Pestreich
authors: Lesley
authors: L
authors: Schofield
authors: Kevin
authors: K
authors: McCague
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011788:Quality of Life; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059039:Standard of Care; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D013110:Sphingosine