title: [Pharmacogenetics and antiepileptic drug metabolism: implication of genetic variants in cytochromes P450].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are used for the seizures control in patients with epilepsy, however 20-30% of epileptic patients are drug resistant. Several factors contributing to the variability of the AEDs response, and this variability can be partially attributed to the presence of sequence variations (polymorphisms) in genes encoding enzymes involved in the AEDs metabolism.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the polymorphisms in genes that encoding for proteins involved in the metabolism of some of the major AEDs, focusing on enzymes cytochrome P450 (CYP450).
  
  
  METHODS
  There are some polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in drug metabolism, particularly enzymes of superfamily CYP450, that are already considered of clinical utility in the therapeutic management. These genetic variants contribute to the variability of the activity of metabolizing enzymes, which in turn influencing the poor or inadequate therapeutic response, as well as in the occurrence of adverse effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identification of interindividual variability in the response to AEDs may allow the personalized treatment with the aim of maximize the efficiency and minimize risk, regardless of the clinical variability and adverse effects could be manifest in a minority of the patients.
authors: División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente IMSS (CIBO), Guadalajara, Mexico.
authors: Ana Miriam
authors: AM
authors: Saldaña-Cruz
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Sánchez-Corona
authors: Daniel Alejandro
authors: DA
authors: Márquez de Santiago
authors: Alejandra Guadalupe
authors: AG
authors: García-Zapién
authors: Silvia Esperanza
authors: SE
authors: Flores-Martínez
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D001463:Barbiturates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001570:Benzodiazepinones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000235:genetics*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic / Q000235:genetics; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D001463:Barbiturates; D001570:Benzodiazepinones; D007527:Isoenzymes; D002220:Carbamazepine; D014635:Valproic Acid; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C450260:CYP2C9 protein, human; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C045793:CYP2C19 protein, human; C104464:CYP3A protein, human; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A