title: [The influence of hypertensive perfusion on ultrastructure of gastrointestinal tissue and enzymology of pigs after cardiopulmonary resuscitation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study ultrastructure of gastrointestinal tissue and enzymology in pigs after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in conditions of hypertensive perfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen experimental pigs were induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) by direct current shock. CPR was conducted 4 minutes after VF, and 10 pigs were successfully resuscitated. These 10 pigs were divided into control group (n=5) and hypertensive perfusion group (n=5) through random number table method. Norepinephrine was administered to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 130% of the baseline in the hypertensive perfusion group. Serum diamine oxidase (DAO) and gastrointestinal ATPase level were determined, and gastrointestinal mucosa damages were examined with light microscope, and mitochondria injury was observed by electric microscope 24 hours after recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum DAO level showed a significant increase at 2 hours and 4 hours after ROSC in hypertensive perfusion group and control group compared with baseline (hypertensive perfusion group: 15.66±2.24 U, 15.76±0.95 U vs. 8.38±0.70 U, control group: 14.87±1.34 U, 13.85±0.52 U vs. 9.92±0.78 U, all P<0.05), but when the individual value was compared between two groups, no significant difference was found. The Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-ATPase of gastric tissue showed significant increase in the hypertensive perfusion group compared with the control group at 24 hours after ROSC (Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase: 6.07±1.49 μmol×mg(-1)×h(-1) vs. 2.89±1.48 μmol×mg(-1)×h(-1), Ca(2+)-ATPase: 7.67±1.86 μmol×mg(-1)×h(-1) vs. 3.07±1.50 μmol×mg(-1)×h(-1), both P<0.05). There was no significant difference in ATPase activity of intestinal tissue between the two groups. Gastrointestinal mucosa damages and mitochondrial injury in the hypertensive perfusion group were less obviously than in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gastrointestinal function injury, abnormal energy metabolism, increased serum DAO levels, destruction of intestinal microvilli were found after CPR. Hypertensive perfusion could improve cell energy metabolism, reduce the mucosal injury, and protect the digestive tract from injury due to CPR.
authors: Department of Emergency, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Lu
authors: Chun-sheng
authors: CS
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing) / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D062186:Arterial Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010477:Perfusion / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D009638:Norepinephrine