title: Inhibitory effects of isoflavones on tumor growth and cachexia in newly established cachectic mouse models carrying human stomach cancers.
abstract: Cachexia, a negative prognostic factor, worsens a patient's quality of life. We established 2 novel cachexia models with the human stomach cancer cell line MKN-45, which was subcloned to produce potent cachexia-inducing cells by repeating the xenografts in immune-deficient mice. After subsequent xenografts, we isolated potent cachexia-inducing cells (MKN45cl85 and 85As2mLuc). Xenografts of MKN45cl85 cells in mice led to substantial weight loss and reduced adipose tissue and musculature volumes, whereas xenografts of 85As2mLuc cells resulted in highly metastatic and cachectic mice. Surgical removal of tumor tissues helped the mice regain body-weight in both mouse models. In vitro studies using these cells showed that isoflavones reduced their proliferation, implying that the isoflavones possess antiproliferative effects of these cancer cell lines. Isoflavone treatment on the models induced tumor cytostasis, attenuation of cachexia, and prolonged survival whereas discontinuation of the treatment resulted in progressive tumor growth and weight loss. The inhibitory effects of tumor growth and weight loss by isoflavones were graded as soy isoflavone aglycone AglyMax > daidzein > genistein. These results demonstrated that the 2 novel cachectic mouse models appear useful for analyzing the mechanism of cancer cachexia and monitoring the efficacy of anticachectic agents.
authors: Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. kyanagih@ncc.go.jp
authors: Kazuyoshi
authors: K
authors: Yanagihara
authors: Misato
authors: M
authors: Takigahira
authors: Keichiro
authors: K
authors: Mihara
authors: Takanori
authors: T
authors: Kubo
authors: Chie
authors: C
authors: Morimoto
authors: Yasuhiro
authors: Y
authors: Morita
authors: Kiyoshi
authors: K
authors: Terawaki
authors: Yasuhito
authors: Y
authors: Uezono
authors: Toshio
authors: T
authors: Seyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002100:Cachexia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007529:Isoflavones; D047071:beta-Glucans; C508230:soy isoflavone aglycone; C004742:daidzein; D019833:Genistein