title: Effect of pharmacist intervention on herpes zoster vaccination in community pharmacies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of community pharmacy-based interventions in increasing vaccination rates for the herpes zoster vaccine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective intervention study with a pre-post design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three independent community pharmacies in Tennessee, from December 2007 to June 2008.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients whose pharmacy profiles indicated that they were eligible for the vaccine and patients presenting to receive the vaccine at study sites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pharmacists promoted the herpes zoster vaccine through a press release published in local newspapers, a flyer accompanying each prescription dispensed at participating pharmacies, and a personalized letter mailed to patients whose pharmacy profiles indicated that they were eligible for the vaccine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of vaccination rates for the herpes zoster vaccine during the control and intervention periods and patients' indication for their sources of education and influence in receiving the vaccine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vaccination rates increased from 0.37% (n = 59 of 16,121) during the control period to 1.20% (n = 193 of 16,062) during the intervention period ( P < 0.0001). Cochran-Armitage trend analyses, including the months before and after the interventions, confirmed a significantly higher vaccination rate during the intervention month than other months analyzed. More patients indicated that they were educated about the herpes zoster vaccine by one of the pharmacist-driven interventions than by a physician, family/friend, or other source during the intervention period ( P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Also, more patients were influenced to receive the vaccination as a result of one of the pharmacist-driven interventions than influenced by a physician ( P = 0.0260) or other source ( P < 0.0001). No difference in the effectiveness of patient influence was found when the pharmacy interventions were compared with family/friends ( P = 0.1025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three pharmacist-driven interventions were effective in increasing vaccination rates for the herpes zoster vaccine.
authors: College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA. jwang26@uthsc.edu
authors: Junling
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Lindsay J
authors: LJ
authors: Ford
authors: La'Marcus
authors: L
authors: Wingate
authors: Sarah Frank
authors: SF
authors: Uroza
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Jaber
authors: Cindy T
authors: CT
authors: Smith
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Randolph
authors: Steve
authors: S
authors: Lane
authors: Stephan L
authors: SL
authors: Foster
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003157:Community Pharmacy Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D053061:Herpes Zoster Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008389:Marketing of Health Services / Q000379:methods; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013714:Tennessee
chemical_list: D053061:Herpes Zoster Vaccine
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