title: Chromatographic immunoassays for Helicobacter pylori detection--are they reliable in Mali, West Africa?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastrointestinal diseases are major reasons for morbidity in Mali. As Helicobacter pylori is known to play a major role in gastritis and gastric ulcer we wanted to find a simple method for detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine volunteers with confirmed gastric ulcer by gastroscopy and 59 randomly selected volunteers were diagnosed by using the rapid serological test Clearview(®) H. Pylori. The ImmunoCard STAT!(®) HpSA(®)test was applied on stool from 65 volunteers seeking help for gastrointestinal related ailments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A Helicobacter pylori prevalence of 21% was found among the individuals with confirmed gastric ulcer, 44% among the randomly selected volunteers and 14% in individuals with gastrointestinal related ailments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to what is already known about the aetiology of gastric ailments and the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in neighboring countries, the infection rates in our study appear strikingly low. This might indicate that Clearview(®) H. Pylori and ImmunoCard STAT!(®) HpSA(®) have low sensitivities in the populations studied. Strain variability of H. pylori may be an explanation. The tests need to be properly evaluated in Mali before they can be relied upon as diagnostic tools.
authors: School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors: Ingvild
authors: I
authors: Austarheim
authors: Kari Tvete
authors: KT
authors: Inngjerdingen
authors: Berit Smestad
authors: BS
authors: Paulsen
authors: Adiaratou
authors: A
authors: Togola
authors: Chiaka
authors: C
authors: Diakité
authors: Drissa
authors: D
authors: Diallo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008302:Mali; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
keywords: Helicobacter pylori; Stool test; rapid tests; serological test
references: Med Trop (Mars). 1997;57(3):256-8
references: 9513152
references: Clin Infect Dis. 2009 May 15;48(10):1385-91
references: 19368506
references: J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Sep 7;125(2):218-23
references: 19607905
references: Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2011 Oct;21(4):613-35
references: 21944414
references: Med J Aust. 2008 Oct 20;189(8):438-41
references: 18928436
references: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012 Sep;56(9):4594-607
references: 22687518
references: Gastroenterology. 2002 Aug;123(2):653-4
references: 12145830
references: Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 1991;15(10):711-6
references: 1667767
references: Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005 Aug;11(8):611-7
references: 16008612
references: BMC Gastroenterol. 2009 Dec 24;9:98
references: 20034390
references: J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1997 Aug;12(8):590-8
references: 9304512
references: Dig Dis. 2011;29(6):562-9
references: 22179212
references: Pan Afr Med J. 2010;6:18
references: 21734925
references: Niger J Med. 2003 Oct-Dec;12(4):177-86
references: 14768190
references: Gut. 1992 Apr;33(4):429-31
references: 1582581
references: J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 Sep;14(9):851-8
references: 10535465
references: Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2009 Apr;103(3):189-204
references: 19341534