title: Impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus on academic performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of type 1 diabetes on academic performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ethnically Saudi students with type 1 diabetes, and age, sex, ethnicity and socio-economic status-matched nondiabetic control students were recruited from eight schools. Overall academic grades were recorded, based on the scores obtained in written examinations in English, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and humanities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Students with type 1 diabetes (n = 36) obtained significantly lower academic grades compared with their nondiabetic control classmates (n = 36) (86.58 ± 1.48 vs 90.62 ± 1.36).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall academic performance is significantly lower in students with type 1 diabetes compared with their nondiabetic classmates. This decline in academic performance may be explained by an association between diabetes and cognitive function.
authors: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. tanmeo@hotmail.com
authors: Sultan Ayoub
authors: SA
authors: Meo
authors: Mohammad Abdulaziz
authors: MA
authors: Alkahlan
authors: Mohammed Abdulrahman
authors: MA
authors: Al-Mubarak
authors: Mohammed Saad
authors: MS
authors: Al-Obayli
authors: Bader Abdullah
authors: BA
authors: Melaibary
authors: Abdullah Nasser
authors: AN
authors: Bin Dous
authors: Asim Ibrahim
authors: AI
authors: Alhassoun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003071:Cognition; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012574:Schools; D012923:Social Class; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Type 1 diabetes mellitus; academic grades; cognitive function