title: Late-life depression and risk of vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based cohort studies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Late-life depression may increase the risk of incident dementia, in particular of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of incident all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in individuals with late-life depression in population-based prospective studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 23 studies were included in the meta-analysis. We used the generic inverse variance method with a random-effects model to calculate the pooled risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in older adults with late-life depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Late-life depression was associated with a significant risk of all-cause dementia (1.85, 95% CI 1.67-2.04, P<0.001), Alzheimer's disease (1.65, 95% CI 1.42-1.92, P<0.001) and vascular dementia (2.52, 95% CI 1.77-3.59, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis, based on five studies, showed that the risk of vascular dementia was significantly higher than for Alzheimer's disease (P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Late-life depression is associated with an increased risk for all-cause dementia, vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The present results suggest that it will be valuable to design clinical trials to investigate the effect of late-life depression prevention on risk of dementia, in particular vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors: Breno S
authors: BS
authors: Diniz
authors: Meryl A
authors: MA
authors: Butters
authors: Steven M
authors: SM
authors: Albert
authors: Mary Amanda
authors: MA
authors: Dew
authors: Charles F
authors: CF
authors: Reynolds
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
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