title: Changes in CO2 concentration increase the invasive ability of colon cancer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the effects of CO(2) concentration changes on the invasive ability of colon cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Colon cancer cell lines and human samples derived from a peritoneal metastasis were incubated in a hypercapnic environment, followed by incubation in 5% CO(2). The invasive ability of colon cancer cells incubated with CO(2) were analyzed using an invasion assay system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison with the colon cancer cell lines incubated in 5% CO(2) only, the invasive ability of cells increased in all the colon cancer cell lines subjected to incubation in 20% CO(2) followed by incubation in 5% CO(2), with a concomitant increase in the mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) and MMP9. The invasive capability of peritoneal metastatic cells in the human-derived specimen also increased on CO(2) concentration changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CO(2) concentration changes enhanced the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells.
authors: First Department of Surgery, University of Fukui, 23-3, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan.
authors: Shinsuke
authors: S
authors: Obata
authors: Takanori
authors: T
authors: Goi
authors: Toshiyuki
authors: T
authors: Nakazawa
authors: Youhei
authors: Y
authors: Kimura
authors: Kanji
authors: K
authors: Katayama
authors: Akio
authors: A
authors: Yamaguchi
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: CO2; Colon cancer; insufflation; invasion; laparoscopy