title: Increase in antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from stranded marine mammals of the Northwest Atlantic.
abstract: Studies on marine mammals can inform our understanding of the environmental health of the ocean. To evaluate the potential for changes in antimicrobial resistance, we analyzed a database spanning 2004-2010 that consisted of bacterial isolate identity and antimicrobial sensitivity for stranded pinnipeds in the Northwest Atlantic. Samples (n = 170) from treated animals yielded 310 bacterial isolates representing 24 taxa. We evaluated changes in antimicrobial class resistance from 2004 to 2010 for eight taxa. Escherichia coli displayed a significant increase in resistance to several antimicrobial classes. Other taxa displayed significant increases in resistance to aminoglycosides, and/or fluoroquinolones. In addition, we observed a significant increase in multiple antimicrobial resistance in cultures from untreated animals. These results demonstrate an increase in resistance among common bacterial pathogens of marine mammals over a time span of 6 years.
authors: Center for Land-Sea Interactions, University of New England, 11 Hills Beach Road, Biddeford, ME 04005, USA.
authors: Courtney C
authors: CC
authors: Wallace
authors: Philip O
authors: PO
authors: Yund
authors: Timothy E
authors: TE
authors: Ford
authors: Keith A
authors: KA
authors: Matassa
authors: Anna L
authors: AL
authors: Bass
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D010872:Caniformia / Q000382:microbiology*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015205:Northwestern United States
references: J Med Microbiol. 2001 May;50(5):396-406
references: 11339246
references: J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol. 2001 Apr;3(2):255-64
references: 11321581
references: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012 Apr;56(4):2114-8
references: 22290986
references: Environ Monit Assess. 2003 Jan-Feb;81(1-3):337-48
references: 12620026
references: Am J Med. 2005 Mar;118(3):259-68
references: 15745724
references: Indian J Microbiol. 2010 Jun;50(2):216-20
references: 23100831
references: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Nov;33(11):1831-6
references: 2692513
references: Science. 2008 Jul 18;321(5887):365-7
references: 18635792
references: PLoS Pathog. 2011 Jul;7(7):e1002158
references: 21811410
references: Mar Pollut Bull. 2009 Sep;58(9):1363-6
references: 19473669
references: J Zoo Wildl Med. 1998 Sep;29(3):288-94
references: 9809600
references: Trends Ecol Evol. 2011 Jun;26(6):278-84
references: 21458879
references: Clin Microbiol Infect. 2002 Sep;8(9):564-78
references: 12427217
references: J Zoo Wildl Med. 1998 Jun;29(2):171-6
references: 9732032
references: Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2009 Mar;33(3):201-5
references: 18976888
references: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2009 Mar;82(3):397-414
references: 19130050
references: Vet Microbiol. 2009 Jan 13;133(3):264-71
references: 18783898
references: Am J Clin Pathol. 1966 Apr;45(4):493-6
references: 5325707
references: Arch Intern Med. 2003 Mar 10;163(5):601-5
references: 12622607
references: Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010 Apr;8(4):251-9
references: 20190823
references: Environ Pollut. 2009 Nov;157(11):2893-902
references: 19560847
references: Vet Ital. 2007 Jan-Mar;43(1):5-19
references: 20411497
references: Dis Aquat Organ. 2008 Aug 19;81(1):13-38
references: 18828560
references: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Jul;46(1):165-70
references: 6351743
references: FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2009 Mar;67(3):421-31
references: 19187217
references: J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011 Apr;66(4):855-8
references: 21393165
references: Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Aug 21;46(16):8672-9
references: 22823142
references: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1998 Mar;30(3):153-65
references: 9572021
references: J Zoo Wildl Med. 2006 Sep;37(3):281-91
references: 17319126
references: Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Jan 15;44(2):580-7
references: 20025282
references: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Mar;33(3):187-99
references: 10092968
references: Science. 2008 Aug 15;321(5891):926-9
references: 18703733
references: Ecohealth. 2009 Mar;6(1):33-41
references: 19415386
references: Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2008 Oct;6(5):593-600
references: 18847400
references: Trends Microbiol. 2006 Apr;14(4):176-82
references: 16537105