title: 1-Deoxynojirimycin isolated from a Bacillus subtilis stimulates adiponectin and GLUT4 expressions in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
abstract: We have demonstrated that 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) isolated from Bacillus subtilis MORI could enhance the levels of adiponectin and its receptors in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which has been shown to be effective in lowering blood glucose levels and enhancing insulin sensitivity. DNJ was not toxic to differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes for up to a concentration of 5 microM. In terms of expression levels of adiponectin and its receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2), DNJ in concentrations as low as 0.5 microM elevated both mRNA and protein levels of adiponectin and transcript levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. In addition, DNJ increased phosphorylation of 5' adenosine monophosphateactivated protein kinase (AMPK) in a statistically significant manner. Finally, treatment with DNJ resulted in increased mRNA expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), which encodes for a glucose transporter, along with a significant increase in glucose uptake into the adipocytes based on results of a 2-deoxy-D-[3H] glucose uptake assay. Our findings indicate that DNJ may greatly facilitate glucose uptake into adipose tissues by increasing the action of adiponectin via its up-regulated expression as well as its receptor genes. In addition, the glucose-lowering effects of DNJ may be achieved by an increased abundance of GLUT4 protein in the plasma membrane, as a consequence of the increased transcript levels of the GLUT4 gene and the activation of AMPK.
authors: Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Seung-Min
authors: SM
authors: Lee
authors: Hyun Ju
authors: HJ
authors: Do
authors: Min-Jeong
authors: MJ
authors: Shin
authors: Su-Il
authors: SI
authors: Seong
authors: Kyo Yeol
authors: KY
authors: Hwang
authors: Jae Yeon
authors: JY
authors: Lee
authors: Ohsuk
authors: O
authors: Kwon
authors: Taewon
authors: T
authors: Jin
authors: Ji Hyung
authors: JH
authors: Chung
mesh_terms: D017485:1-Deoxynojirimycin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000737:chemistry*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007328:Insulin; D017485:1-Deoxynojirimycin; D005947:Glucose