title: Short sleep duration combined with obstructive sleep apnea is associated with visceral obesity in Korean adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether short sleep duration alone or combined with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with regional body fat including abdominal visceral fat area (VFA) among Korean adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ansan, South Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 838 community participants age 40-69 y from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjective habitual sleep duration and OSA were defined based on a structured sleep questionnaire and a home portable sleep study, respectively. Abdominal VFA and hepatic fat components were assessed by computed tomography. Adjusted mean VFA and hepatic fat were highest in the shortest sleep duration group (< 5 h) and decreased linearly with increasing sleep duration. Individuals with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 5) had a higher body mass index, waist circumference, percent body fat, VFA, and hepatic fat than those without OSA after adjusting for age and sex. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for visceral obesity (VFA ≥ 100 cm2) was 2.05 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-3.86) in individuals sleeping less than 5 h compared with those sleeping longer than 7 h, and 1.57 (95% CI, 1.08-2.26) in individuals with OSA compared with those without OSA, after adjusting for all confounding factors including body mass index. A combination of short sleep duration (< 5 h) and OSA substantially increased the OR for visceral obesity (OR, 4.40, 95% CI, 1.80-10.77) compared with those who slept longer (≥ 7 h) without OSA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short sleep duration and OSA are independently associated with visceral obesity in adults. The association is particularly strong in short sleepers with OSA.
authors: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea.
authors: Nam Hoon
authors: NH
authors: Kim
authors: Seung Ku
authors: SK
authors: Lee
authors: Chai Ryoung
authors: CR
authors: Eun
authors: Ji A
authors: JA
authors: Seo
authors: Sin Gon
authors: SG
authors: Kim
authors: Kyung Mook
authors: KM
authors: Choi
authors: Sei Hyun
authors: SH
authors: Baik
authors: Dong Seop
authors: DS
authors: Choi
authors: Chang-Ho
authors: CH
authors: Yun
authors: Nan Hee
authors: NH
authors: Kim
authors: Chol
authors: C
authors: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017286:Polysomnography; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology
keywords: Body fat composition; obstructive sleep apnea; short sleep duration; sleep disordered breathing; visceral obesity
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