title: Surgical treatment of gynecomastia: mastectomy compared to liposuction technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gynecomastia is a benign enlargement of the male breast. Yet enlarged breasts cause anxiety, embarrassment, psychosocial discomfort, and fear of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the experience of gynecomastia patients undergoing mastectomy and liposuction surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven hundred thirty-three patients were analyzed for age, chief complaint, position, grade, operation approach, biopsy, and complication between mastectomy group and liposuction group, from 1990 to 2010.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred two patients (436 breasts) were treated with mastectomy and 331 patients (386 breasts) were treated with liposuction techniques. Three hundred thirty (82%) patients complained of breast lump and lump with pain in mastectomy group, and 204 (61%) patients complained of enlargement breast and enlargement with pain in liposuction group (P < 0.05). All excision specimens were performed for routine histological analysis which showed pathologic diagnosis in patients with mastectomy (100%). One hundred fifty-nine (41%) patients with liposuction acquired pathologic diagnosis through fine needle aspiration and/or core biopsy (P < 0.05). The reoperation rates in mastectomy group and liposuction group were 1.4% and 0.5%, respectively. There were no nipple/areola necrosis and scars in liposuction group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The surgical treatment of gynecomastia required an individual approach, depending on symptoms (lump or enlargement) and requirements of patients. Patients who chose mastectomy were looking for reassurance that their pathologic diagnosis was benign. The increase in the number of liposuction patients was reflected in our study because it was associated with superior esthetic results and few complications.
authors: From the *Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Departments of †Surgery, ‡Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; and §Heilongjiang Institute for Cancer Research, Harbin, China.
authors: Yan-Ni
authors: YN
authors: Song
authors: Yan-Bo
authors: YB
authors: Wang
authors: Rui
authors: R
authors: Huang
authors: Xiao-Guang
authors: XG
authors: He
authors: Jin-Feng
authors: JF
authors: Zhang
authors: Guo-Qiang
authors: GQ
authors: Zhang
authors: Yan-Lv
authors: YL
authors: Ren
authors: Jian-Hua
authors: JH
authors: Pang
authors: Da
authors: D
authors: Pang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015187:Lipectomy; D008297:Male; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult