title: Influence of a bioceramic root end material and mineral trioxide aggregates on fibroblasts and osteoblasts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The biocompatibility of materials used in endodontic treatment is of high importance, because they can come in contact with periradicular tissues and there is a risk of possible systemic toxicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro reaction to a bioceramic based root end material in comparison to mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) as the established gold standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  The root end materials grey MTA Angelus (GMTA), white MTA Angelus (WMTA), ProRoot MTA, and EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) were incubated with human periodontal ligament fibroblasts and osteoblasts (10(4)cells/ml) for up to 96h. Cell proliferation (RFU) was determined by means of the Alamar Blue assay. In addition, fluorescence staining was carried out to visually monitor cell growth and morphology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For most of the observational time period of up to 96h, there was no statistically significant difference between the proliferation rates of the control cells and those in contact with ERRM. In contrast, the mineral trioxide based materials caused from 24 to 96h significantly lower proliferation rates in comparison to the controls (p<0.001). For proliferation rates of cells in contact with MTAs and ERRM significant differences were observed throughout the whole observation time for the osteoblasts, but only up to 24h for the human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of this study the results suggest that the bioceramic root end material is biocompatible, but needs to be investigated in clinical studies before it can be recommended as retrograde sealer in endodontic practice.
authors: Department of Operative Dentistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, Mainz, Germany. ines.willershausen@unimedizin-mainz.de
authors: Ines
authors: I
authors: Willershausen
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Wolf
authors: Adrian
authors: A
authors: Kasaj
authors: Veronika
authors: V
authors: Weyer
authors: Brita
authors: B
authors: Willershausen
authors: Benjamin Briseño
authors: BB
authors: Marroquin
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001681:Biological Assay; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017640:Silicates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate
keywords: Bioceramic; In vitro; MTA; Root end materials