title: Overactive bladder symptom severity is associated with falls in community-dwelling adults: LOHAS study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between overactive bladder (OAB) symptom severity and falls and the contribution of OAB symptoms to falls in a community-dwelling population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  2 Japanese municipalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2505 residents aged over 40 years, who participated in health check-ups conducted in 2010. OAB symptom assessed via overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) was divided into six categories based on distribution and Japanese clinical guidelines. Mobility problems and depressive symptoms were assessed via the Timed Up and Go test and the short form of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-reported any fall and frequent fall (≥2) over the 1-month period. Independent contributions to any fall and frequent falls were assessed via logistic regression to generate population-attributable fractions (PAFs), assuming separate causal relationships between OAB symptoms, mobility problems and depressive symptoms and any or frequent falls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the total 1350 participants (mean age: 68.3 years) analysed, any fall and frequent falls were reported by 12.7% and 4.4%, respectively. Compared with no OABSS score, moderate-to-severe OAB and mild OAB were associated with any fall (adjusted ORs 2.37 (95% CI 1.12 to 4.98) and 2.51 (95% CI 1.14 to 5.52), respectively). Moderate-to-severe OAB was also strongly associated with frequent falls (adjusted OR 6.90 (95% CI 1.50 to 31.6)). Adjusted PAFs of OAB symptoms were 40.7% (95% CI 0.7% to 64.6%) for any fall and 67.7% (95% CI -23.1% to 91.5%) for frequent falls. Further, these point estimates were similar to or larger than those of mobility problems and depressive symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An association does indeed exist between OAB symptom severity and falls, and OAB symptoms might be important contributors to falls among community-dwelling adults. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to examine whether or not OAB symptoms predict risk of future falls and fall-related injuries.
authors: Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Noriaki
authors: N
authors: Kurita
authors: Shin
authors: S
authors: Yamazaki
authors: Norio
authors: N
authors: Fukumori
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Otoshi
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Otani
authors: Miho
authors: M
authors: Sekiguchi
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Onishi
authors: Misa
authors: M
authors: Takegami
authors: Rei
authors: R
authors: Ono
authors: Shigeo
authors: S
authors: Horie
authors: Shin-Ichi
authors: S
authors: Konno
authors: Shin-Ichi
authors: S
authors: Kikuchi
authors: Shunichi
authors: S
authors: Fukuhara
keywords: GERIATRIC MEDICINE
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