title: Primary care providers' self-efficacy and outcome expectations for childhood obesity counseling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary care providers have a role in the prevention and management of childhood obesity. We explored the relationship of providers' self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and practice level support with childhood obesity counseling frequency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Providers (n=123) completed a survey that assessed their self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and reported obesity counseling frequency. A practice level assessment tool was used to characterize the practices. We analyzed data using frequencies and proportional odds modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Providers were confident or very confident (78.5-93.5%) in their ability to counsel about healthy eating, physical activity, and weight and agreed or strongly agreed (64.2-86.2%) that their counseling would result in actual changes. Providers with higher outcome expectations were more likely [odds ratio (OR)=3.4] to report providing obesity counseling. Female providers were more likely to report counseling about obesity (OR=2.3) than males. Providers in practices with resources for healthy eating and physical activity reported higher levels of self-efficacy and counseling frequency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study, providers were confident in their ability to provide obesity counseling and expected changes from their efforts, suggesting that future studies should build on the high level of outcome expectations as well as self-efficacy. The gender difference found regarding obesity counseling may need further exploration.
authors: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. lisa_lowenstein@urmc.rochester.edu
authors: Lisa M
authors: LM
authors: Lowenstein
authors: Eliana M
authors: EM
authors: Perrin
authors: Marci K
authors: MK
authors: Campbell
authors: Deborah F
authors: DF
authors: Tate
authors: Jianwen
authors: J
authors: Cai
authors: Alice S
authors: AS
authors: Ammerman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D037001:Directive Counseling; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D020377:Self Efficacy; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
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