title: Brightness differences influence the evaluation of affective pictures.
abstract: We explored the possibility of a general brightness bias: brighter pictures are evaluated more positively, while darker pictures are evaluated more negatively. In Study 1 we found that positive pictures are brighter than negative pictures in two affective picture databases (the IAPS and the GAPED). Study 2 revealed that because researchers select affective pictures on the extremity of their affective rating without controlling for brightness differences, pictures used in positive conditions of experiments were on average brighter than those used in negative conditions. Going beyond correlational support for our hypothesis, Studies 3 and 4 showed that brighter versions of neutral pictures were evaluated more positively than darker versions of the same picture. Study 5 revealed that people categorised positive words more quickly than negative words after a bright picture prime, and vice versa for negative pictures. Together, these studies provide strong support for the hypotheses that picture brightness influences evaluations.
authors: a Department of Human-Technology Interaction , Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven , The Netherlands.
authors: Daniël
authors: D
authors: Lakens
authors: Daniel A
authors: DA
authors: Fockenberg
authors: Karin P H
authors: KP
authors: Lemmens
authors: Jaap
authors: J
authors: Ham
authors: Cees J H
authors: CJ
authors: Midden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D014796:Visual Perception