title: A four-component synthetic attractant for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) isolated from fermented bait headspace.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A mixture of wine and vinegar is more attractive than wine or vinegar to spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), and ethanol and acetic acid are considered key to that attractiveness. In addition to ethanol and acetic acid, 13 other wine and vinegar volatiles are antennally active to D. suzukii and might be involved in food finding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 13 antennally active chemicals, acetoin, ethyl lactate and methionol increased fly response to a mixture of acetic acid and ethanol in field trapping experiments. A five-component blend of acetic acid, ethanol, acetoin, ethyl lactate and methionol was as attractive as the starting mixture of wine and vinegar in field tests conducted in the states of Oregon and Mississippi. Subtracting ethyl lactate from the five-component blend did not reduce the captures of flies in the trap. However, subtracting any other compound from the blend significantly reduced the numbers of flies captured.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that acetic acid, ethanol, acetoin and methionol are key olfactory cues for D. suzukii when attracted to wine and vinegar, which may be food-finding behavior leading flies to fermenting fruit in nature. It is anticipated that this four-component blend can be used as a highly attractive chemical lure for detection and management of D. suzukii. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
authors: Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Wapato, WA 98951, USA.
authors: Dong H
authors: DH
authors: Cha
authors: Todd
authors: T
authors: Adams
authors: Christopher T
authors: CT
authors: Werle
authors: Blair J
authors: BJ
authors: Sampson
authors: John J
authors: JJ
authors: Adamczyk
authors: Helmuth
authors: H
authors: Rogg
authors: Peter J
authors: PJ
authors: Landolt
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004330:Drosophila / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals; D019342:Acetic Acid
keywords: Drosophila suzukii; feeding attractant; lure; spotted wing drosophila; trap