title: Associations between blood persistent organic pollutants and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in pregnancy.
abstract: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are suggested to contribute to lower vitamin D levels; however, studies in humans are scarce and have never focused on pregnancy, a susceptibility period for vitamin D deficiency. We investigated whether serum levels of POPs were associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] concentration in pregnancy. Cross-sectional associations of serum concentrations of eight POPs with plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration were analyzed in 2031 pregnant women participating in the Spanish population-based cohort INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Project. Serum concentrations of POPs were measured by gas chromatography and plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in pregnancy (mean 13.3±1.5weeks of gestation). Multivariable regression models were performed to assess the relationship between blood concentrations of POPs and 25(OH)D3. An inverse linear relationship was found between serum concentration of PCB180 and circulating 25(OH)D3. Multivariate linear regression models showed higher PCB180 levels to be associated with lower 25(OH)D3 concentration: quartile Q4 vs. quartile Q1, coefficient=-1.59, 95% CI -3.27, 0.08, p trend=0.060. A non-monotonic inverse relationship was found between the sum of predominant PCB congeners (PCB 180, 153 and 138) and 25(OH)D3 concentration: coefficient (95% CI) for quartile Q2 vs. Q1 [-0.50 (-1.94, 0.94)], quartile Q3 vs. Q1 [-1.56 (-3.11, -0.02)] and quartile Q4 vs. Q1 [-1.21 (-2.80, 0.38)], p trend=0.081. No significant associations were found between circulating 25(OH)D3 and serum levels of p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, HCB, and ß-HCH. Our results suggest that the background exposure to PCBs may result in lower 25(OH)D3 concentration in pregnant women.
authors: Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology CREAL, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. emorales1@creal.cat
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Morales
authors: Mireia
authors: M
authors: Gascon
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Martinez
authors: Maribel
authors: M
authors: Casas
authors: Ferran
authors: F
authors: Ballester
authors: Clara L
authors: CL
authors: Rodríguez-Bernal
authors: Jesus
authors: J
authors: Ibarluzea
authors: Loreto Santa
authors: LS
authors: Marina
authors: Mercedes
authors: M
authors: Espada
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Goñi
authors: Esther
authors: E
authors: Vizcaino
authors: Joan O
authors: JO
authors: Grimalt
authors: Jordi
authors: J
authors: Sunyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood*; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000097:blood; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene / Q000097:blood; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D013030:Spain; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene; C410127:PCB 180; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D002112:Calcifediol; C023888:beta-hexachlorocyclohexane