title: Red meat consumption is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in men but not in women: a Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study.
abstract: The relationship between different types of meat intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes remains unclear. We prospectively examined the association between total meat, total red meat, unprocessed red meat, processed meat and poultry intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Subjects were 27 425 men and 36 424 women aged 45–75 years who participated in the second survey of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study, and had no history of type 2 diabetes, cancer, stroke, IHD, chronic liver disease or kidney disease. Meat intake was estimated using a validated 147-item FFQ. OR of self-reported, physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes over 5 years were estimated using a multiple logistic regression. A total of 1178 newly diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes were self-reported. Intakes of total meat and total red meat were associated with the increased risk of type 2 diabetes in men but not in women. The multivariate-adjusted OR for the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile of total meat and total red meat intake were 1·36 (95% CI 1·07, 1·73; P for trend=0·006) and 1·48 (95% CI 1·15, 1·90; P for trend=0·003) for men, respectively, and 0·82 (95% CI 0·62, 1·09; P for trend=0·14) and 0·77 (95% CI 0·57, 1·02; P for trend=0·08) for women, respectively. Intakes of processed red meat and poultry were not associated with the increased risk of diabetes in either men or women. In conclusion, elevated intake of red meat is associated with the increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese men but not in women.
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Clinical Research Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
authors: Kayo
authors: K
authors: Kurotani
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Nanri
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Goto
authors: Tetsuya
authors: T
authors: Mizoue
authors: Mitsuhiko
authors: M
authors: Noda
authors: Shino
authors: S
authors: Oba
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Kato
authors: Yumi
authors: Y
authors: Matsushita
authors: Manami
authors: M
authors: Inoue
authors: Shoichiro
authors: S
authors: Tsugane
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008461:Meat Products / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011200:Poultry; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013552:Swine