title: Immunohistochemical evaluation of MMP-2, MMP-9 and CD31/microvascular density in squamous cell carcinomas of the floor of the mouth.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and CD31/microvascular density in squamous cell carcinomas of the floor of the mouth and to correlate the results with demographic, survival, clinical (TNM staging) and histopathological variables (tumor grade, perineural invasion, embolization and bone invasion). Data from medical records and diagnoses of 41 patients were reviewed. Histological sections were subjected to immunostaining using primary antibodies for human MMP-2, MMP-9 and CD31 and streptavidin-biotin-immunoperoxidase system. Histomorphometric analyses quantified positivity for MMPs (20 fields per slide, 100 points grade, ×200) and for CD31 (microvessels <50 µm in the area of the highest vascularization, 5 fields per slide, 100 points grade, ×400). Statistical design was composed by non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test (investigating the association between numerical variables and immunostainings), chi-square frequency test (in contingency tables), Fisher's exact test (when at least one expected frequency was less than 5 in 2×2 tables), Kaplan-Meier method (estimated probabilities of overall survival) and Iogrank test (comparison of survival curves), all with a significance level of 5%. There was a statistically significant correlation between immunostaining for MMP-2 and lymph node metastasis. Factors associated negatively with survival were N stage, histopathological grade, perineural invasion and immunostaining for MMP-9. There was no significant association between immunoexpression of CD31 and the other variables. The intensity of immunostaining for MMP-2 can be indicative of metastasis in lymph nodes and for MMP-9 of a lower probability of survival.
authors: Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors: Flávio
authors: F
authors: Monteiro-Amado
authors: Igor Iuco
authors: II
authors: Castro-Silva
authors: Cristina Jardelino de
authors: CJ
authors: Lima
authors: Fernando Augusto
authors: FA
authors: Soares
authors: Luiz Paulo
authors: LP
authors: Kowalski
authors: José Mauro
authors: JM
authors: Granjeiro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000098:blood supply / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D055806:Microvessels; D008875:Middle Aged; D009060:Mouth Floor / Q000098:blood supply / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9