title: Tissue gadolinium deposition in renally impaired rats exposed to different gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents: evaluation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify tissue gadolinium (Gd) deposition in renally impaired rats exposed to Gd-EOB-DTPA and other Gd-based MRI contrast agents by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and to compare the differences in distribution among major organs as possible triggers for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 15 renally impaired rats were injected with Gd-EOB-DTPA, Gd-DTPA-BMA and Gd-HP-DO3A. Gd contents of skin, liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen, diaphragm and femoral muscle were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Histological assessment was also conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tissue Gd deposition in all organs was significantly higher (P=0.005~0.009) in the Gd-DTPA-BMA group than in the Gd-HP-DO3A and Gd-EOB-DTPA groups. In the Gd-DTPA-BMA group, Gd was predominantly deposited in kidney (1306±605.7μg/g), followed by skin, liver, lung, spleen, femoral muscle, diaphragm and heart. Comparing Gd-HP-DO3A and Gd-EOB-DTPA groups, Gd depositions in the kidney, liver and lung were significantly lower (P=0.009~0.011) in the Gd-EOB-DTPA group than in the Gd-HP-DO3A group although no significant differences were seen for any other organs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gd-EOB-DTPA is a stable and safe Gd-based contrast agent (GBCA) showing lower Gd deposition in major organs in renally impaired rats, compared with other GBCAs. This fact suggests that the risk of NSF onset would be low in the use of Gd-EOB-DTPA.
authors: Department of Radiology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki city, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan. Electronic address: tomohiro@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp.
authors: Tomohiro
authors: T
authors: Sato
authors: Katsuyoshi
authors: K
authors: Ito
authors: Tsutomu
authors: T
authors: Tamada
authors: Akihiko
authors: A
authors: Kanki
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Watanabe
authors: Hirotake
authors: H
authors: Nishimura
authors: Daigo
authors: D
authors: Tanimoto
authors: Hiroki
authors: H
authors: Higashi
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D054989:Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium
keywords: Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs); Gd-DTPA-BMA; Gd-EOB-DTPA; Gd-HP-DO3A; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)