title: Absorption and backscatter of internal conversion electrons in the measurements of surface contamination of ¹³⁷Cs.
abstract: We measured 4π and 2π counting efficiencies for internal conversion electrons (ICEs), gross β-particles and also β-rays alone with various source conditions regarding absorber and backing foil thickness using e-X coincidence technique. Dominant differences regarding the penetration, attenuation and backscattering properties among ICEs and β-rays were revealed. Although the abundance of internal conversion electrons of (137)Cs-(137)Ba is only 9.35%, 60% of gross counts may be attributed to ICEs in worse source conditions. This information will be useful for radionuclide metrology and for surface contamination monitoring.
authors: National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Sciences and Technology, Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan. a.yunoki@aist.go.jp
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Yunoki
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Kawada
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Yamada
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Unno
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Sato
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Hino
mesh_terms: D001610:Beta Particles; D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D004583:Electrons; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011847:Radioactive Fallout / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes; D011847:Radioactive Fallout
keywords: (137)Cs; Backscatter; Counting efficiency; Internal conversion electrons; e-X coincidence technique