title: Cracking the O-GlcNAc code in metabolism.
abstract: Nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins are extensively modified by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) moieties. This sugar modification regulates fundamental cellular processes in response to diverse nutritional and hormonal cues. The enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminase (O-GlcNAcase) mediate the addition and removal of O-GlcNAc, respectively. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation has been implicated in a plethora of human diseases, including diabetes, cancer, aging, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease. Because metabolic dysregulation is a vital component of these diseases, unraveling the roles of O-GlcNAc in metabolism is of emerging importance. Here, we review the current understanding of the functions of O-GlcNAc in cell signaling and gene transcription involved in metabolism, and focus on its relevance to diabetes, cancer, circadian rhythm, and mitochondrial function.
authors: Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
authors: Hai-Bin
authors: HB
authors: Ruan
authors: Jay Prakash
authors: JP
authors: Singh
authors: Min-Dian
authors: MD
authors: Li
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Xiaoyong
authors: X
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D006595:Hexosamines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006595:Hexosamines; D000117:Acetylglucosamine
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