title: Acute organo-phosphorus pesticide poisoning in North Karnataka, India: oxidative damage, haemoglobin level and total leukocyte.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pesticide poisoning is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in India.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the oxidative damage, hemoglobin level and leukocyte count in acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma cholinesterase was assessed as a toxicity marker. Oxidative damage was assessed by estimating serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Progressive and significant decline (p< 0.001) in plasma cholinesterase in correlation with the severity of organophosphorus poisoning was observed. Serum MDA levels significantly increased (p< 0.001) in all grades of organophosphorus poisoning cases as compared to controls. Erythrocyte SOD, CAT and GPx were significantly increased (p< 0.05) in earlier grade and (p< 0.001) in later grades of organophosphorus poisoning cases as compared to controls. While plasma TAC (p<0.001) was significantly decreased in all grades of organophosphorus poisoning cases as compared to controls. Leucocytosis observed in these cases signifies the activation of defense mechanism which could be a positive response for survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Organophosphorus compounds inhibit cholinesterase action leading to cholinergic hyperactivity. Increased MDA level may lead to peroxidative damages deteriorating the structural and functional integrity of neuronal membrane. Increased erythrocyte SOD, CAT and GPx activities suggest an adaptive measure to tackle the pesticide accumulation. Hence it is concluded that cholinesterase inhibition may initiate cellular dysfunction leading to acetylcholine induced oxidative damage.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, BLDEU's Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Bijapur; Karnataka.Pin-586103, India. indira_hundekari@yahoo.com
authors: I A
authors: IA
authors: Hundekari
authors: A N
authors: AN
authors: Suryakar
authors: D B
authors: DB
authors: Rathi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007962:Leukocytes; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D062025:Organophosphate Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010575:Pesticides / Q000506:poisoning*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D006454:Hemoglobins; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: Cholinesterase (ChE); leucocytosis; lipid peroxidation
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