title: Simvastatin-activated implant surface promotes osteoblast differentiation in vitro.
abstract: The bone growth promoting effects of statins suggest that these bioactive molecules can be used to improve the integration of bone-anchored implants. This study aimed at the application of simvastatin with dental implants for use in patients with low bone density. Coin-shaped titanium zirconium samples with grit-blasted and acid-etched surface were coated with simvastatin, using a novel anodic oxidation setup under alkaline conditions. The presence of intact simvastatin attached to the surface was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. A binding site on the aliphatic O-H group was discovered and the integration of (1)H, (18)O and (12)C in the depth of the surface were observed by secondary ion mass spectroscopy. A simvastatin concentration of about 60 g/cm(2) was found in a release study over 72 h. The simvastatin-coated surfaces promoted alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I and osteocalcin gene expression of MC3T3-E1 cells. This suggested that the demonstrated coating holds potential for use in patients with compromised bone.
authors: 1Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo.
authors: Martin Sebastian
authors: MS
authors: Walter
authors: Matthias Johannes
authors: MJ
authors: Frank
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Rubert
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Monjo
authors: Staale Petter
authors: SP
authors: Lyngstadaas
authors: Håvard Jostein
authors: HJ
authors: Haugen
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015921:Dental Implants; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D019821:Simvastatin
keywords: Anodic oxidation; bioactivation; implant surface analysis; osteoblast differentiation; statins; titanium zirconium