title: An echocardiographic study of healthy Border Collies with normal reference ranges for the breed.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to obtain standard echocardiographic measurements from healthy Border Collies and to compare these measurements to those previously reported for a general population of dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standard echocardiographic data were obtained from twenty apparently healthy Border Collie dogs. These data (n = 20) were compared to data obtained from a general population of healthy dogs (n = 69).
  
  
  METHODS
  Border Collies were deemed healthy based on normal history, physical examination, complete blood count, serum biochemical profile, electrocardiogram, and blood pressure, with no evidence of congenital or acquired heart disease on echocardiographic examination. Standard two dimensional, M-mode, and Doppler echocardiographic measurements were obtained and normal ranges determined. The data were compared to data previously obtained at our hospital from a general population of normal dogs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two dimensional, M-mode, and Doppler reference ranges for healthy Border Collies are presented in tabular form. Comparison of the weight adjusted M-mode echocardiographic means from Border Collies to those from the general population of dogs showed Border Collies to have larger left ventricular systolic and diastolic dimensions, smaller interventricular septal thickness, and lower fractional shortening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are differences in some echocardiographic parameters between healthy Border Collies and the general dog population, and the echocardiographic reference ranges provided in this study should be used as breed specific reference values for Border Collies.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 300 W. Drake Rd., Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
authors: Jake H
authors: JH
authors: Jacobson
authors: June A
authors: JA
authors: Boon
authors: Janice M
authors: JM
authors: Bright
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values