title: Evaluation of arch width variations among different skeletal patterns in South Indian population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anterior cranial base can be taken as a reference line (SN) to determine the steepness of mandibular plane. Subjects with high mandibular plane angle tend to have a long face and one with low MP-SN angle has a shorter face.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was done to investigate if dental arch widths correlated with vertical facial types and if there are any differences in arch widths between untreated male and female adults in South Indian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lateral cephalogram and dental casts were obtained from 180 untreated South Indian adults (90 males and 90 females) above 18 year old with no cross bite, minimal crowding and spacing. The angle between the anterior cranial base and the mandibular plane was measured on lateral cephalogram of each patient. Dental casts were used to obtain comprehensive dental measurements including maxillary and mandibular inter canine, inter premolar and inter molar widths, as well as amount of crowding or spacing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that male arch widths were significantly larger than those of females (P < 0.05) and there was a significant decrease in inter arch width as the MP-SN angle increased in untreated adult South Indian population. The results obtained in our study when compared with studies done in other population groups showed that there is difference in inter arch widths according to ethnicity and race.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that the dental arch width is associated with gender, race and vertical facial morphology. Thus using individualized arch wires according to each patient's pre treatment arch form and width is suggested during orthodontic treatment.
authors: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors: Mandava
authors: M
authors: Prasad
authors: Senny Thomas
authors: ST
authors: Kannampallil
authors: Ashok Kumar
authors: AK
authors: Talapaneni
authors: Suja Ani
authors: SA
authors: George
authors: Sharath Kumar
authors: SK
authors: Shetty
keywords: Arch width; facial height; mandibular plane–sella nasion angle
references: Eur J Orthod. 2008 Jun;30(3):288-94
references: 18263889
references: Angle Orthod. 2009 Jan;79(1):54-63
references: 19123707
references: J Dent Res. 1984 Sep;63(9):1154-7
references: 6589280
references: Angle Orthod. 2011 May;81(3):460-8
references: 21299381
references: Angle Orthod. 1998 Dec;68(6):557-62
references: 9851354
references: Angle Orthod. 1977 Apr;47(2):128-35
references: 266384
references: Eur J Orthod. 1999 Dec;21(6):659-70
references: 10665195
references: J Dent Res. 1992 Jun;71(6):1279-85
references: 1613176
references: Eur J Orthod. 2005 Dec;27(6):562-7
references: 16135538
references: Aust Orthod J. 2000 Mar;16(1):16-22
references: 11201956
references: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997 Apr;111(4):419-27
references: 9109587
references: Eur J Orthod. 2010 Feb;32(1):71-7
references: 19684125
references: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011 Mar;139(3):e245-52
references: 21392668
references: Arch Oral Biol. 1978;23(3):203-6
references: 278554
references: Angle Orthod. 1994;64(6):419-24
references: 7864463
references: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Apr;137(4):520-7
references: 20362913
references: Angle Orthod. 2006 May;76(3):459-65
references: 16637727
references: J Dent Res. 1991 Sep;70(9):1262-5
references: 1918575
references: Angle Orthod. 1978 Oct;48(4):303-10
references: 281887
references: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999 Mar;115(3):305-13
references: 10066980
references: J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2011 Jan-Mar;29(1):14-9
references: 21521912
references: Am J Phys Anthropol. 1986 Aug;70(4):423-31
references: 3766712
references: Angle Orthod. 1970 Apr;40(2):141-7
references: 5266015
references: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Sep;138(3):257.e1-8; discussion 257-9
references: 20816290
references: Angle Orthod. 1972 Apr;42(2):116-22
references: 4502015
references: Eur J Orthod. 2009 Oct;31(5):516-22
references: 19679646
references: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008 Jan;133(1):10.e1-13
references: 18174063
references: Am J Phys Anthropol. 1960 Dec;18(4):281-92
references: 13773136