title: In vivo bisphenol-a release from dental pit and fissure sealants: a systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To search the literature and assess the short- and long-term release of bisphenol-A (BPA) in human tissues after treatment with dental sealants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two review authors performed data extraction independently and in duplicate using data collection forms. Disagreements were resolved by discussion with an arbiter.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electronic database searches of published and unpublished literature were performed. The following electronic databases with no language and publication date restrictions were searched: MEDLINE (via Ovid and Pubmed), EMBASE (via ovid), Cochrane Trials Register and CENTRAL. The reference lists of all eligible studies were hand-searched.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the absence of RCTs, six interventional and two observational studies, examining in vivo BPA release in human salivary, blood and urinary samples, were included. Due to the heterogeneity in methodology and reporting, the main synthesis of the results was qualitative. The quantitative synthesis based on the weighted Z-test could only include two studies. BPA levels identified in saliva ranged from traces below the method's detection limit to 30 μg/ml. In urine, BPA quantities spanned from 0.17 mg/g to 45.4 mg/g. BPA was not traced in any blood sample at any point of time in the relevant studies. The quantitative analysis showed evidence of BPA release one hour after sealant placement compared to the amount traced before restoration (Stouffer's z trend: <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The available evidence on this topic derived from studies that represent a moderate level of evidence. Nevertheless, the available evidence supports that BPA is released in saliva after sealant placement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the qualititative and quantitative synthesis of studies, it is reasonable to conclude that BPA is released after placement of some dental pit and fissure sealants in the oral cavity. The biggest quantities are detected in saliva immediately after or one hour after their placement.
authors: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.
authors: Dimitrios
authors: D
authors: Kloukos
authors: Nikolaos
authors: N
authors: Pandis
authors: Theodore
authors: T
authors: Eliades
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D004058:Diffusion; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000737:chemistry*; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010636:Phenols; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Bisphenol A; Dental sealants; In vivo