title: Effects of diphenyliodonium salt addition on the adhesive and mechanical properties of an experimental adhesive.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the microtensile bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL), nano-hardness (NH) and Young's modulus (YM) of resin-dentine bonding components formed by an experimental adhesive system with or without inclusion of diphenyliodonium salt (DPIH) in the camphorquinone-amine (CQ) system.
  
  
  METHODS
  On 12 human molars, a flat superficial dentine surface was exposed by wet abrasion. A model simplified adhesive system was formulated (40 wt.% UDMA/MDP, 30 wt.% HEMA and 30 wt.% ethanol). Two initiator systems were investigated: 0.5 mol% CQ+1.0 mol% EDMAB and 0.5 mol% CQ+1.0 mol% EDMAB+0.2 mol% DPIH. Each adhesive was applied and light-cured (10s; 600 mW/cm(2)). Composite build-ups were constructed incrementally and resin-dentine specimens (0.8mm(2)) were prepared. For NL, 3 bonded sticks from each tooth were coated with nail varnish, placed in the silver nitrate, polished down with SiC papers and analysed by EDX-SEM. NH and YM were performed on the hybrid layer in 2 bonded sticks from each teeth. The remaining bonded sticks were tested on μTBS (0.5mm/min). The data from each test were submitted to a Student t-test (α=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was found for μTBS between groups (p>0.05). Significant lower NL and higher NH and YM were found in the hybrid layer and adhesive layer produced with the iodinium salt-containing adhesive (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inclusion of the DPIH to the traditional CQ is a good strategy to improve the adhesive and mechanical properties of a simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive system.
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil. aloguercio@hotmail.com
authors: Alessandro D
authors: AD
authors: Loguercio
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Stanislawczuk
authors: Friedrich G
authors: FG
authors: Mittelstadt
authors: Marcia M
authors: MM
authors: Meier
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Reis
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002164:Camphor / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009861:Onium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D016622:Silver Staining; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D062366:para-Aminobenzoates / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; D009861:Onium Compounds; D011140:Polyurethanes; D017655:Silicon Compounds; C523330:ethyl 4-N,N-dimethylaminobenzoate; D062366:para-Aminobenzoates; C031291:diphenyliodonium; C029824:urethane dimethacrylate luting resin; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate; D002164:Camphor; C069749:methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate; C553149:camphorquinone; C022088:silicon carbide