title: An Interesting Case of Dysphagia in a HIV Patient.
abstract: Oesophageal tuberculosis is a rare disease. Tuberculosis (TB) can cause dysphagia due to oesophageal ulcers, Tracheo-Oesophageal Fistulas (TOFs) and an extrinsic compression which is caused by the mediastinal lymph nodes. A 33-year-old gentleman was admitted to our hospital for the evaluation of fever, dysphagia and cough. His chest X-ray was suggestive of miliary tuberculosis. A CT scan of his chest revealed miliary tuberculosis, mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pneumomediastinum. His sputum AFB (acid-fast bacilli) test was positive. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a large ulcer in the oesophagus with a fistulous opening which was suggestive of a tracheo-oesophageal fistula. A biopsy from the ulcer was positive for AFB. The test for HIV-1 was positive. A nasogastric feeding tube was placed and the Anti Tubercular Therapy ( ATT) was started. The main aim of this case report is to sensitize the clinicians about the fact that Tuberculosis can present with dysphagia, especially in HIV patients.
authors: Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College , Mangalore (affiliated to Manipal University), India .
authors: Deepak
authors: D
authors: Madi
authors: Basavaprabhu
authors: B
authors: Achappa
authors: John T
authors: JT
authors: Ramapuram
authors: Nithyananda
authors: N
authors: Chowta
authors: Soundarya
authors: S
authors: Mahalingaman
keywords: Dysphagia; HIV; Oesophageal ulcer; Tracheo-oesophageal fistula; Tuberculosis
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