title: Efficacy and mechanism of action of Deguelin in suppressing metastasis of 4T1 cells.
abstract: Cancer related deaths in breast cancer patients are due to metastasis of the disease. Murine 4T1 cells (Murine mammary cancer cell line developed from 6-thioguanine resistant tumor) provide an excellent research tool for metastasis related studies because these cells are highly aggressive and readily metastasize to the lungs. In this study we determined the effect of Deguelin on in vivo/vitro growth and metastasis of 4T1 cells. Deguelin inhibited the in vitro growth of 4T1 cells in a time and dose dependent manner accompanied with reduced nuclear PCNA immunostaining. In cells treated with Deguelin, reduced expression of nuclear c-Met, and its downstream targets such p-ERK and p-AKT was observed. Deguelin reduced the cell migration in 4T1 cells as determined by scratch wound assay. Combined treatment with Deguelin + ERK or PI3K/AKT inhibitor had no additional effect on cell migration. These results indicated that the action of Deguelin on cell migration may be mediated by AKT and ERK mediated signaling pathways. In vivo, Deguelin treatment significantly inhibited growth of 4T1 cells. Deguelin also reduced the occurrence of metastatic lung lesions by 33 % when cells were injected intravenously into Balb/c female mice. There was no difference in the body weight, nor was there a difference in liver and spleen weights between vehicle treated-control and Deguelin-treated animals, which indicated that Deguelin was nontoxic at the dose used in the present study. These results provide rationale for developing Deguelin as a chemotherapeutic agent for triple negative breast cancer patients.
authors: Cancer Biology Division, IIT Research Institute, 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA.
authors: Rajeshwari R
authors: RR
authors: Mehta
authors: Harshadadevi
authors: H
authors: Katta
authors: Amit
authors: A
authors: Kalra
authors: Rutulkumar
authors: R
authors: Patel
authors: Akash
authors: A
authors: Gupta
authors: Fatouma
authors: F
authors: Alimirah
authors: Genoveva
authors: G
authors: Murillo
authors: Xinjian
authors: X
authors: Peng
authors: Aditya
authors: A
authors: Unni
authors: Miguel
authors: M
authors: Muzzio
authors: Rajendra G
authors: RG
authors: Mehta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000378:metabolism; D012402:Rotenone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012402:Rotenone; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; C107676:deguelin
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