title: Methods for detection and characterization of protein S-nitrosylation.
abstract: Reversible protein S-nitrosylation, defined as the covalent addition of a nitroso moiety to the reactive thiol group on a cysteine residue, has received increasing recognition as a critical post-translational modification that exerts ubiquitous influence in a wide range of cellular pathways and physiological processes. Due to the lability of the S-NO bond, which is a dynamic modification, and the low abundance of endogenously S-nitrosylated proteins in vivo, unambiguous identification of S-nitrosylated proteins and S-nitrosylation sites remains methodologically challenging. In this review, we summarize recent advancements and the use of state-of-art approaches for the enrichment, systematic identification and quantitation of S-nitrosylation protein targets and their modification sites at the S-nitrosoproteome scale. These advancements have facilitated the global identification of >3000 S-nitrosylated proteins that are associated with wide range of human diseases. These strategies hold promise to site-specifically unravel potential molecular targets and to change S-nitrosylation-based pathophysiology, which may further the understanding of the potential role of S-nitrosylation in diseases.
authors: Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. yujuchen@gate.sinica.edu.tw
authors: Yi-Ju
authors: YJ
authors: Chen
authors: Wei-Chieh
authors: WC
authors: Ching
authors: Yu-Pei
authors: YP
authors: Lin
authors: Yu-Ju
authors: YJ
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D006801:Humans; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D020543:Proteome / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols
keywords: Biotin switch method; Quantitative proteomic approach; S-nitrosylation; Site-specific identification