title: Response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to D-limonene-induced oxidative stress.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated the mode of cell response induced by D-limonene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. D-limonene treatment was found to be accompanied by intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Since ROS impair cell membranes, an engineered strain with enhanced membrane biosynthesis exhibited a higher tolerance to D-limonene. Subsequent addition of an ROS scavenger significantly reduced the ROS level and alleviated cell growth inhibition. Thus, D-limonene-induced ROS accumulation plays an important role in cell death in S. cerevisiae. In D-limonene-treated S. cerevisiae strains, higher levels of antioxidants, antioxidant enzymes, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) were synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR results also verified that D-limonene treatment triggered upregulation of genes involved in the antioxidant system and the regeneration of NADPH at the transcription level in S. cerevisiae. These data indicate that D-limonene treatment results in intracellular ROS accumulation, an important factor in cell death, and several antioxidant mechanisms in S. cerevisiae were enhanced in response to D-limonene treatment.
authors: Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
authors: Jidong
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Yibo
authors: Y
authors: Zhu
authors: Guocheng
authors: G
authors: Du
authors: Jingwen
authors: J
authors: Zhou
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D000077222:Limonene; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D013729:Terpenes; D000077222:Limonene