title: Effect of acute and chronic vitamin D administration on systemic renin angiotensin system in essential hypertensives and controls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the systemic renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in essential hypertensives (EH) and controls (C) after short- and long-term vitamin D receptor activation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten consecutive EH (under controlled low-salt diet) and 10 C underwent calcitriol administration (0.25 μg bid) for 1 week (Group A). Eighteen consecutive EH under angiotensin II receptor antagonist therapy received a single oral dose of 300,000 IU of cholecalciferol and were followed up for 8 weeks (Group B).
  
  
  METHODS
  In basal conditions and at the end of the study (1 week in Group A and 8 weeks in Group B), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma active renin, aldosterone, and angiotensin II were evaluated, as well as blood pressure, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D], and PTH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Group A, plasma 25(OH)D levels in EH and C were below the normal range, although lower levels were found in the former. No association between basal plasma 25(OH)D or 1,25(OH)2D levels and blood pressure values or RAS components was observed either in the whole group or in the two subgroups. Calcitriol administration did not affect any RAS parameter either in EH or in C. In Group B, cholecalciferol significantly increased 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels without interfering with the angiotensin II receptor antagonist-induced increase in RAS components. No correlation was found between plasma 25(OH)D or 1,25(OH)2D levels and blood pressure values or RAS parameters before and after cholecalciferol administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present data suggest that, in our experimental conditions, vitamin D receptor activation is unable to influence systemic RAS activity.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy. giampaolo.bernini@med.unipi.it
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Bernini
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Carrara
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bacca
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Carli
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Virdis
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Rugani
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Duranti
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Ghiadoni
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Bernini
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Taddei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000097:blood; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000819:agonists*; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D000804:Angiotensin II; D014807:Vitamin D; D000450:Aldosterone; D012083:Renin; D002117:Calcitriol
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