title: Relationship between serum antibodies and Taenia solium larvae burden in pigs raised in field conditions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Serological tests have been used for the diagnosis of Taenia solium infection in pigs. However, those serological results do not necessarily correlate with the actual infection burden after performing pig necropsy. This study aimed to evaluate the Electro Immuno Transfer Blot (EITB) seropositivity with infection burden in naturally infected pigs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In an endemic area of Peru, 476 pigs were sampled. Seroprevalence was 60.5 ± 4.5% with a statistically higher proportion of positive older pigs (>8 months) than young pigs. The logistic model showed that pigs >8 month of age were 2.5 times more likely to be EITB-positive than ≤ 8 months. A subset of 84 seropositive pigs were necropsied, with 45.2% (38/84) positive to 1-2 bands, 46.4% (39/84) to 3 bands, and 8.3% (7/84) to 4+ bands. 41 out of 84 positive pigs were negative to necropsy (48.8%) and 43 (51%) had one or more cysts (positive predictive value). Older pigs showed more moderate and heavy infection burdens compared to younger pigs. In general, regardless of the age of the pig, the probability of having more cysts (parasite burden) increases proportionally with the number of EITB bands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The probability of being necropsy-positive increased with the number of bands, and age. Therefore, the EITB is a measure of exposure rather than a test to determine the real prevalence of cysticercosis infection.
authors: School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, San Borja, Lima, Peru. cgavidia@jhsph.edu
authors: Cesar M
authors: CM
authors: Gavidia
authors: Manuela R
authors: MR
authors: Verastegui
authors: Hector H
authors: HH
authors: Garcia
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Lopez-Urbina
authors: Victor C W
authors: VC
authors: Tsang
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Pan
authors: Robert H
authors: RH
authors: Gilman
authors: Armando E
authors: AE
authors: Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood*; D003551:Cysticercosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007814:Larva / Q000276:immunology; D059208:Parasite Load / Q000379:methods*; D010568:Peru; D044967:Serum / Q000276:immunology; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D041201:Taenia solium / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Dec;51(6):847-50
references: 7810821
references: PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(2):e1521
references: 22363827
references: J Helminthol. 2010 Dec;84(4):441-6
references: 20334716
references: Anim Health Res Rev. 2011 Jun;12(1):123-9
references: 21676344
references: Vet Parasitol. 1999 Sep 30;86(2):113-8
references: 10496695
references: Vet Parasitol. 1996 Sep 16;64(4):261-6
references: 8893480
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005 Sep;73(3):501-3
references: 16172471
references: Vet Parasitol. 1996 Jan;61(1-2):49-59
references: 8750683
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1990 Aug;43(2):194-9
references: 2389823
references: Parasitol Today. 1988 May;4(5):131-7
references: 15463066
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2001 Jul;65(1):15-8
references: 11504400
references: Lancet. 2003 Aug 16;362(9383):547-56
references: 12932389
references: Vet Parasitol. 2000 Feb 29;88(1-2):43-9
references: 10681021
references: Vet Parasitol. 2000 Feb 29;88(1-2):127-30
references: 10681029
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003 Mar;68(3):268-75
references: 12685628
references: Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2000 Mar;14(1):97-119, ix
references: 10738675
references: Vet Res Commun. 1999 Aug;23(5):293-8
references: 10493116
references: J Infect Dis. 1989 Jan;159(1):50-9
references: 2909643
references: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Feb;60(2):199-204
references: 10072136
references: Bull World Health Organ. 1993;71(2):223-8
references: 8490986
references: Vet Parasitol. 1998 Nov 27;79(4):299-313
references: 9831953
references: PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3(1):e371
references: 19172178
references: Acta Trop. 2003 Jun;87(1):79-86
references: 12781381
references: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Aug;101(8):840-6
references: 17507067
references: Vet Parasitol. 1998 Aug 14;78(3):185-94
references: 9760060
references: J Neurol Sci. 2007 Nov 15;262(1-2):153-7
references: 17681546
references: J Parasitol. 2002 Feb;88(1):69-73
references: 12053982
references: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1996 Nov-Dec;38(6):391-6
references: 9293083
references: PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010 Feb 02;4(2):e594
references: 20126403
references: Vet Parasitol. 1998 Jan 31;74(2-4):191-202
references: 9561707
references: Vet Rec. 1997 Oct 18;141(16):420-2
references: 9364715
references: Lancet. 2001 Apr 21;357(9264):1284-6
references: 11418173
references: Prev Vet Med. 2003 Apr 15;57(4):227-36
references: 12609467
references: Vet Parasitol. 1999 Feb 25;81(2):129-35
references: 10030755