title: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely preterm neonates.
abstract: We tested the hypothesis that the use of supplemental oxygen (sO2) at discharge from the NICU in extremely preterm neonates is associated with a greater risk of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 18 months corrected gestational age (CGA) than the risk of NDI of those neonates discharged in room air. Four hundred twenty-four charts were retrospectively reviewed from infants born at <27 weeks and transferred to Nationwide Children's Hospital from December 1, 2004 to June 14, 2010. Use of sO2 was evaluated on day of life (dol) 28, at 36 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA), and at discharge. Logistic regression was used to identify postnatal risk factors associated with sO2 at discharge and NDI. At dol 28, 96 % of surviving patients received sO2, and therefore had bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) by definition from a National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development workshop. At 36 weeks PMA, 89 % continued on sO2 (moderate/severe BPD), and at discharge, 74 % continued on sO2. When factors associated with NDI were examined, the need for mechanical ventilation ≥28 days (adjOR = 3.21, p = 0.01), grade III-IV intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (adjOR = 4.61, p < 0.01), and discharge at >43 weeks PMA (adjOR = 2.12, p = 0.04) were the strongest predictors of NDI at 18 months CGA. There was no difference in Bayley Scales of Infant Development, third edition composite scores between patients with no/mild BPD and patients with moderate/severe BPD (cognitive p = 0.60, communication p = 0.53, motor p = 0.19) or those scores between patients on and off oxygen at discharge (cognitive p = 0.58, communication p = 0.70, motor p = 0.62).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The need for sO2 at discharge is not associated with an increased risk of NDI in these patients. The strongest predictors of poor neurodevelopmental outcome in this population were prolonged positive pressure support, grade III-IV IVH, and discharge at >43 weeks PMA.
authors: Ohio Perinatal Research Network, Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 700 Children's Drive, Research Building III, WB 5245, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. jennifer.trittmann@nationwidechildrens.org
authors: J K
authors: JK
authors: Trittmann
authors: L D
authors: LD
authors: Nelin
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Klebanoff
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D062071:Infant, Extremely Premature; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010351:Patient Discharge; D011379:Prognosis; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
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