title: Dietary patterns and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies examining the role of single foods or nutrients in the aetiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have produced inconsistent findings. Few studies have examined associations for dietary patterns, which may more accurately reflect patterns of consumption and the complexity of dietary intake. The objective of the present study was to examine whether dietary patterns identified by factor analysis were associated with NHL risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based sample residing in Nebraska from 1999 to 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 336 cases and 460 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor analysis identified two major dietary patterns: (i) a 'Meat, Fat and Sweets' dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of French fries, red meat, processed meat, pizza, salty snacks, sweets and desserts, and sweetened beverages; and (ii) a 'Fruit, Vegetables and Starch' dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of vegetables, fruit, fish, and cereals and starches. In multivariable logistic regression models, the 'Meat, Fat and Sweets' dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of overall NHL (ORQ4 v. Q1 = 3·6, 95 % CI 1·9, 6·8; P trend = 0·0004), follicular lymphoma (ORQ4 v. Q1 = 3·1, 95 % CI 1·2, 8·0; P trend = 0·01), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ORQ4 v. Q1 = 3·2, 95 % CI 1·1, 9·0; P trend = 0·09) and marginal zone lymphoma (ORQ4 v. Q1 = 8·2, 95 % CI 1·3, 51·2; P trend = 0·05). No association with overall or subtype-specific risk was detected for the 'Fruit, Vegetables and Starch' dietary pattern. No evidence of heterogeneity was detected across strata of age, sex, BMI, smoking status or alcohol consumption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that a dietary pattern high in meats, fats and sweets may be associated with an increased risk of NHL.
authors: 1Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology,Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center,Cincinnati,OH,USA.
authors: Nicholas J
authors: NJ
authors: Ollberding
authors: 2Department of Health Studies,University of Chicago,5841 South Maryland Avenue,MC 2007,Chicago,IL 60637,USA.
authors: Briseis
authors: B
authors: Aschebrook-Kilfoy
authors: 3Division of Hematology/Oncology,Department of Medicine,University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA.
authors: Donne Bennett D
authors: DB
authors: Caces
authors: 3Division of Hematology/Oncology,Department of Medicine,University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA.
authors: Sonali M
authors: SM
authors: Smith
authors: 4Department of Pathology and Microbiology,University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha,NE,USA.
authors: Dennis D
authors: DD
authors: Weisenburger
authors: 2Department of Health Studies,University of Chicago,5841 South Maryland Avenue,MC 2007,Chicago,IL 60637,USA.
authors: Brian C-H
authors: BC
authors: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004034:Diet Surveys; D066273:Diet, Western / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
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