title: Vitamin E reduces TGF-beta2-induced changes in human trabecular meshwork cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of vitamin E on transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-β2)-induced cellular changes in cultured human trabecular meshwork (TM) cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human TM cells were pre-treated with different concentrations of vitamin E. Afterwards, cells were exposed to 1.0 ng/ml TGF-β2 for 24 h. Expressions of the heat shock protein αB-crystallin, the extracellular matrix (ECM) component fibronectin and the ECM-degrading enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses. The cytoskeleton was investigated by phalloidin staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TGF-β2 increased the expressions of αB-crystallin and fibronectin and reduced the levels of MMP-2. TGF-β2 induced the formation of actin stress fibers and cross-linked actin networks. Pre-treatment with different concentrations of vitamin E reversed the TGF-β2-induced cellular changes in cultured human TM cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TGF-β2-mediated changes in human TM cells could be reduced by pre-treatment with vitamin E. Therefore, it may be speculated that increasing the antioxidative capacity may help to lower the incidence of characteristic glaucomatous changes in the TM.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany. alice.yu@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors: Alice L
authors: AL
authors: Yu
authors: Jerome
authors: J
authors: Moriniere
authors: Ulrich
authors: U
authors: Welge-Lussen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D014129:Trabecular Meshwork / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*; D038201:alpha-Crystallins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D038204:beta-Crystallins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005353:Fibronectins; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D038201:alpha-Crystallins; D038204:beta-Crystallins; D014810:Vitamin E; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2