title: Metabolic syndrome predicts all-cause mortality in persons with human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: We examined the association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and its individual defining criteria on all-cause mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons. We used data from 567 HIV-infected participants of the Nutrition for Healthy Living study with study visits between 9/1/2000 and 1/31/2004 and determined mortality through 12/31/2006. MS was defined using modified National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines. Cox proportional hazards for all-cause mortality were estimated for baseline MS status and for its individual defining criteria. There were 83 deaths with median follow-up of 63 months. Baseline characteristics associated with increased risk of mortality were: older age in years (univariate hazard ratio [HR] 1.04, p<0.01), current smoking (HR 1.99, p=0.02), current heroin use (HR 1.97, p=0.02), living in poverty (HR 2.0, p<0.01), higher mean HIV viral load (HR 1.81, p<0.01), and having a BMI <18 (HR 5.84, p<0.01). For MS and its criteria, only low HDL was associated with increased risk of mortality on univariate analysis (HR 1.84, p=0.01). However, metabolic syndrome (adjusted HR 2.31, p=0.02) and high triglycerides (adjusted HR 3.97, p<0.01) were significantly associated with mortality beyond 36 months follow-up. MS, low HDL, and high triglycerides are associated with an increased risk of mortality in HIV-infected individuals.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ojarrett@uic.edu
authors: Olamide D
authors: OD
authors: Jarrett
authors: Christine A
authors: CA
authors: Wanke
authors: Robin
authors: R
authors: Ruthazer
authors: Ioana
authors: I
authors: Bica
authors: Rita
authors: R
authors: Isaac
authors: Tamsin A
authors: TA
authors: Knox
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002423:Cause of Death; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts / Q000453:epidemiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides
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