title: Blood oxygen level-dependent MRI for evaluation of early response of liver tumors to chemoembolization: an animal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of carbogen-challenge blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing the early response of liver tumors to chemoembolization in a rat hepatoma model.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a 9.4-Tesla scanner, a multiple gradient-recalled echo sequence was utilized for R2* measurement at 11 and 13 days after tumor implantation, first during room air breathing and then with carbogen gas (95% O2/5% CO2) breathing, to calculate the percentage changes of R2* values [ΔR2*(%)]. Transarterial chemoembolization was conducted 12 days after tumor implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ΔR2* value of the tumors was 10.61 ± 8.94% on pre-chemoembolization images and -0.16 ± 1.85% on post-chemoembolization images. There was a significant difference in the ΔR2* value of the tumors between pre-chemoembolization and post-chemoembolization BOLD MRI (p=0.013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carbogen-challenge BOLD MRI can be a non-invasive and useful method for the evaluation of early response of liver tumors to chemoembolization.
authors: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, # 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.
authors: Jin Woo
authors: JW
authors: Choi
authors: Hyeonjin
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: Hyo-Cheol
authors: HC
authors: Kim
authors: Yunjung
authors: Y
authors: Lee
authors: Jeongmin
authors: J
authors: Kwon
authors: Roh-Eul
authors: RE
authors: Yoo
authors: Hye Rim
authors: HR
authors: Cho
authors: Seung Hong
authors: SH
authors: Choi
authors: Jin Wook
authors: JW
authors: Chung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C011700:carbogen; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; blood oxygen level-dependent MRI; chemoembolization