title: Protective effect of hydrogen-rich saline on ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat skin flap.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Skin damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a multifactorial process that often occurs in plastic surgery. The mechanisms of I/R injury include hypoxia, inflammation, and oxidative damage. Hydrogen gas has been reported to alleviate cerebral I/R injury by acting as a free radical scavenger. Here, we assessed the protective effect of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) on skin flap I/R injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Abdominal skin flaps of rats were elevated and ischemia was induced for 3 h; subsequently, HRS or physiological saline was administered intraperitoneally 10 min before reperfusion. On postoperative Day 5, flap survival, blood perfusion, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and levels of cytokines were evaluated. Histological examinations were performed to assess inflammatory cell infiltration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Skin flap survival and blood flow perfusion were improved by HRS relative to the controls. The production of malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of lipid peroxidation, was markedly reduced. A multiplex cytokine assay revealed that HRS reduced the elevation in the levels of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, with the exception of RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) growth factor. HRS treatment also reduced inflammatory cell infiltration induced by I/R injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that HRS mitigates I/R injury by decreasing inflammation and, therefore, has the potential for application as a therapy for improving skin flap survival.
authors: College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Zhao
authors: You-bin
authors: YB
authors: Wang
authors: Shi-rui
authors: SR
authors: Qin
authors: Xue-mei
authors: XM
authors: Ma
authors: Xue-jun
authors: XJ
authors: Sun
authors: Ming-lian
authors: ML
authors: Wang
authors: Ru-gang
authors: RG
authors: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000473:pathology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006859:Hydrogen
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