title: Azoarcus olearius sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from oil-contaminated soil.
abstract: A novel nitrogen-fixing strain, designated DQS-4(T), was isolated from oil-contaminated soil in Taiwan and was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain DQS-4(T) stained Gram-negative, contained poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules and were motile rods, surrounded by a thin capsule. Cells displayed a strictly aerobic type of metabolism and fixed nitrogen microaerobically. Growth occurred at 10-45 °C (optimum, 35-40 °C), at pH 7.0-8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0-2 % NaCl (optimum, 0.5-1 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DQS-4(T) belonged to the genus Azoarcus, and its closest neighbours were Azoarcus indigens VB32(T) and Azoarcus communis SWub3(T), with sequence similarities of 97.4 and 96.4 %, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids of strain DQS-4(T) were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. The major cellular hydroxy fatty acid was C10 : 0 3-OH. The DNA G+C content was 64.5 mol%. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and several uncharacterized aminophospholipids and phospholipids. The mean level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain DQS-4(T) and A. indigens LMG 9092(T) was 27.4 %. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic data, strain DQS-4(T) represents a novel species in the genus Azoarcus, for which the name Azoarcus olearius sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DQS-4(T) ( = BCRC 80407(T) = KCTC 23918(T) = LMG 26893(T)).
authors: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Rd Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan.
authors: Ming-Hui
authors: MH
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Rd Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan.
authors: Shih-Yi
authors: SY
authors: Sheu
authors: James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK.
authors: Euan K
authors: EK
authors: James
authors: College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
authors: Chiu-Chung
authors: CC
authors: Young
authors: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Rd Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan.
authors: Wen-Ming
authors: WM
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D020627:Azoarcus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000032:analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D059392:Petroleum Pollution; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D011091:Polyesters / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013624:Taiwan; D000094122:Polyhydroxybutyrates
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D009584:Nitrogen; D010743:Phospholipids; D011091:Polyesters; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C003182:poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate; D000094122:Polyhydroxybutyrates