title: Intervention effects of ganoderma lucidum spores on epileptiform discharge hippocampal neurons and expression of neurotrophin-4 and N-cadherin.
abstract: Epilepsy can cause cerebral transient dysfunctions. Ganoderma lucidum spores (GLS), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has shown some antiepileptic effects in our previous studies. This was the first study of the effects of GLS on cultured primary hippocampal neurons, treated with Mg(2+) free medium. This in vitro model of epileptiform discharge hippocampal neurons allowed us to investigate the anti-epileptic effects and mechanism of GLS activity. Primary hippocampal neurons from <1 day old rats were cultured and their morphologies observed under fluorescence microscope. Neurons were confirmed by immunofluorescent staining of neuron specific enolase (NSE). Sterile method for GLS generation was investigated and serial dilutions of GLS were used to test the maximum non-toxic concentration of GLS on hippocampal neurons. The optimized concentration of GLS of 0.122 mg/ml was identified and used for subsequent analysis. Using the in vitro model, hippocampal neurons were divided into 4 groups for subsequent treatment i) control, ii) model (incubated with Mg(2+) free medium for 3 hours), iii) GLS group I (incubated with Mg(2+) free medium containing GLS for 3 hours and replaced with normal medium and incubated for 6 hours) and iv) GLS group II (neurons incubated with Mg(2+) free medium for 3 hours then replaced with a normal medium containing GLS for 6 hours). Neurotrophin-4 and N-Cadherin protein expression were detected using Western blot. The results showed that the number of normal hippocampal neurons increased and the morphologies of hippocampal neurons were well preserved after GLS treatment. Furthermore, the expression of neurotrophin-4 was significantly increased while the expression of N-Cadherin was decreased in the GLS treated group compared with the model group. This data indicates that GLS may protect hippocampal neurons by promoting neurotrophin-4 expression and inhibiting N-Cadherin expression.
authors: Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province, PR China.
authors: Shu-Qiu
authors: SQ
authors: Wang
authors: Xiao-Jie
authors: XJ
authors: Li
authors: Shaobo
authors: S
authors: Zhou
authors: Di-Xiang
authors: DX
authors: Sun
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Peng-Fei
authors: PF
authors: Cheng
authors: Xiao-Ru
authors: XR
authors: Ma
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Jun-Xing
authors: JX
authors: Liu
authors: Fang-Fang
authors: FF
authors: Wang
authors: Yan-Feng
authors: YF
authors: Liang
authors: Jia-Mei
authors: JM
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; C073922:neurotrophin 4
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