title: Herpes simplex virus 1 DNA polymerase processivity factor UL42 inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation by interacting with p65/RelA and p50/NF-κB1.
abstract: Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is the archetypal member of the alphaherpesvirus with a large genome encoding over 80 viral proteins, many of which are involved in virus-host interactions and show immune modulatory capabilities. In this study, we demonstrated that the HSV-1 UL42 protein, a DNA polymerase processivity factor, was a novel antagonism of the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway. UL42 was shown to significantly suppress TNF-α mediated NF-κB activation. Co-immunoprecipitation experiment revealed that UL42 bound to the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50. Fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that UL42 abolished nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 upon TNF-α-stimulation. But the inhibiting capacity of UL42 2R/2A (R279A, R280A) and UL42 3R/3A (R113A, R279A and R280A) mutants were less than wild type UL42. Also UL42 bound to the Rel homology domain of the NF-κB subunit p65 and p50. Notably, the N-terminal of UL42 was sufficient to interact with p65 and p50 and abolished NF-κB reporter gene activity. Thus, it was first time we demonstrated that HSV-1 UL42 appeared to prevent NF-κB-dependent gene expression by retaining p65 and p50 in the cytoplasm, and UL42-dependent transcriptional activation were inherently coupled to promote HSV-1 lytic replication, which also may contribute to immune evasion and pathogenesis of HSV-1.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Virology, Molecular Virology and Viral Immunology Research Group, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Shuai
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Kezhen
authors: K
authors: Wang
authors: Chunfu
authors: C
authors: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D021381:Protein Transport; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; C498143:RELA protein, human; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014764:Viral Proteins; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; C043417:DNA polymerase, Simplexvirus
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