title: Comparative transcriptional profiling of the axolotl limb identifies a tripartite regeneration-specific gene program.
abstract: Understanding how the limb blastema is established after the initial wound healing response is an important aspect of regeneration research. Here we performed parallel expression profile time courses of healing lateral wounds versus amputated limbs in axolotl. This comparison between wound healing and regeneration allowed us to identify amputation-specific genes. By clustering the expression profiles of these samples, we could detect three distinguishable phases of gene expression - early wound healing followed by a transition-phase leading to establishment of the limb development program, which correspond to the three phases of limb regeneration that had been defined by morphological criteria. By focusing on the transition-phase, we identified 93 strictly amputation-associated genes many of which are implicated in oxidative-stress response, chromatin modification, epithelial development or limb development. We further classified the genes based on whether they were or were not significantly expressed in the developing limb bud. The specific localization of 53 selected candidates within the blastema was investigated by in situ hybridization. In summary, we identified a set of genes that are expressed specifically during regeneration and are therefore, likely candidates for the regulation of blastema formation.
authors: Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
authors: Dunja
authors: D
authors: Knapp
authors: Herbert
authors: H
authors: Schulz
authors: Cynthia Alexander
authors: CA
authors: Rascon
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Volkmer
authors: Juliane
authors: J
authors: Scholz
authors: Eugen
authors: E
authors: Nacu
authors: Mu
authors: M
authors: Le
authors: Sergey
authors: S
authors: Novozhilov
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Tazaki
authors: Stephanie
authors: S
authors: Protze
authors: Tina
authors: T
authors: Jacob
authors: Norbert
authors: N
authors: Hubner
authors: Bianca
authors: B
authors: Habermann
authors: Elly M
authors: EM
authors: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000558:Ambystoma mexicanum; D029845:Amphibian Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005121:Extremities / Q000502:physiology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D063990:Gene Ontology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012038:Regeneration; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D059467:Transcriptome; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D029845:Amphibian Proteins
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