title: Endometrial cancer and a family history of cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lynch Syndrome (LS), an inherited genetic syndrome, predisposes to cancers such as colorectal and endometrial. However, the risk for endometrial cancer (EC) in women not affected by LS, but with a family history of cancer, is currently unknown. We examined the association between a family history of cancer and the risk for EC in non-LS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This population-based case-control study included 519 EC cases and 1015 age-matched controls and took place in Alberta, Canada between 2002 and 2006. Information about risk factors, including family history of cancer in first and second degree relatives, was ascertained via in-person interviews. Microsatellite instability (MSI) status of tumor tissue was assessed to determine involvement of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A first or second degree family history of uterine cancer was modestly associated with the risk for overall EC [odds ratio (OR), 1.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.9, 1.9], and the risks were similar for MSI+cancer (OR=1.5, 95%CI=0.7, 3.3) and MSI- cancer (OR=1.3, 95%CI=0.8, 2.4). Although consistent, these associations were modest and not significant. In contrast, the risk for MSI+cancer was elevated with a reported family history of colorectal cancer (OR=1.4, 95%CI=1.0, 2.2), but not for MSI- cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A family history of uterine cancer may be modestly associated with EC risk in non-LS patients regardless of MSI status, suggesting that risk was not related to inherited defects in the MMR gene pathway. These results provide preliminary support for an EC-specific genetic syndrome.
authors: Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Internal Medicine, NM Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, MSC 10 5550, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA. lcook@salud.unm.edu
authors: Linda S
authors: LS
authors: Cook
authors: Harold E
authors: HE
authors: Nelson
authors: Christine A
authors: CA
authors: Stidley
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Dong
authors: Pamela J
authors: PJ
authors: Round
authors: Ernest K
authors: EK
authors: Amankwah
authors: Anthony M
authors: AM
authors: Magliocco
authors: Christine M
authors: CM
authors: Friedenreich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D012306:Risk
keywords: BMI; CCE+P; CI; Case–control study; E+P; E-only; EC; Endometrial cancer; Family history; HNPCC; Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer; IUD; LMP; LS; Lynch Syndrome; MMR; MSI; Microsatellite instability; OR; PCR; Risk factor; UCca; body mass index; confidence interval; continuous-combined estrogen and progesterone; endometrial cancer; estrogen plus progesterone; estrogen-only; intra-uterine device; last menstrual period; microsatellite instability; mismatch repair; nanogram; ng; odds ratio; polymerase chain reaction; uterine or colorectal cancer or both
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