title: Peritoneal tuberculosis due to multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
abstract: The emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been widely reported throughout the world, but there are very few data regarding children. We describe the case of a 14-year-old Peruvian adolescent who had been living in Italy since the age of 8 years and was diagnosed as having peritoneal tuberculosis (TB). While she was receiving first-line anti-TB therapy, she developed pyrazinamide-associated thrombocytopenia and cultures revealed a multidrug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pyrazinamide, rifampicin and isoniazid were replaced by moxifloxacin, which was continued for 9 months together with ethambutol. The patient recovered without experiencing any drug-related adverse event or the recurrence of TB in the following year. In conclusion, this case illustrates some of the problems that can arise when multidrug-resistant TB has to be treated in children and adolescents, and also highlights the fact that further studies are needed to clarify which drugs should be used and for how long.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Pediatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bosis
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Canazza
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tenconi
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torricelli
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Principi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007813:Laparotomy; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014395:Peritonitis, Tuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents