title: Changing associations between cognitive impairment and imaging in multiple sclerosis as the disease progresses.
abstract: The authors explored cross-sectional associations between MRI parameters (lesion metrics, brain volumes, magnetization transfer ratio histograms, and metabolite concentrations) and cognition in 61 patients who experienced clinically-isolated syndromes (CIS) 7 years earlier. IQ decline and poorer overall cognition were associated with T2 white-matter lesions, and slow information-processing with both T2 lesions and gray-matter atrophy. In a previous study of the same cohort, gray-matter atrophy measured shortly after CIS failed to predict development of cognitive impairment years later. Our findings suggest that gray-matter pathology, reflected by atrophy measurements, becomes increasingly important in determining cognition as MS progresses.
authors.affiliation: UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.
authors.forename: Sophia A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Penny
authors.forename: Mary M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Summers
authors.forename: Josephine K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Swanton
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cipolotti
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ron
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D018450:Disease Progression; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014706:Verbal Learning