title: Fetal, amniotic and maternal inflammatory responses in early stage of ascending intrauterine infection, inflammation restricted to chorio-decidua, in preterm gestation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  No data exist on the frequency and intensity of the fetal, intraamniotic and maternal inflammation in preterm-gestations with inflammation restricted to chorio-decidua, early stage of ascending intrauterine infection. The objective of the study is to examine this issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  The frequency and intensity of fetal (cord blood C-reactive protein [CRP] at birth >200 ng/ml), intraamniotic (amniotic fluid matrix metalloproteinase-8 [MMP-8] >23 ng/ml) and maternal (maternal serum CRP >0.7 ng/ml) inflammation were compared in 304 singleton preterm-gestations (<35.4 weeks) delivered within 5 days of amniocentesis. Placental pathology was divided into placenta without any inflammation, inflammation restricted to chorio-decidua and inflammation beyond chorio-decidua.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraamniotic inflammation, but not fetal or maternal inflammation, was significantly more frequent (43.2% versus 10.5%; p < 0.005) and intense (median amniotic fluid MMP-8; 7.5 ng/ml versus 1.3 ng/ml; p < 0.001) in inflammation restricted to chorio-decidua than in placenta without any inflammation. However, inflammation restriced to chorio-decidua was associated with a significantly lower rate and intensity of fetal, intraamniotic and maternal inflammation than inflammation beyond chorio-decidua (each for p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraamniotic inflammation was more frequent and intense in patients with inflammation restricted to chorio-decidua than in those without placental inflammation. However, fetal and maternal inflammatory responses were similar between these two groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Chan-Wook
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sun Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Joong Shin
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong Kwan
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Bo Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000649:Amniocentesis; D000650:Amnion / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002823:Chorion / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003656:Decidua / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008423:Maternal Age; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D010298:Parity; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000378:metabolism*; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8