title: [Flexible flatfoot in children: variation within normal range or need for treatment?].
abstract: Flexible flatfoot in childhood is a common cause for repetitive consultations and the diagnosis is verified by the clinical examination. In most cases the findings are age-dependent variants of the norm and if asymptomatic there is no need for treatment. In the first decade of life symptomatic flexible flatfoot should initially be treated with shoe inserts. Further diagnostic steps are required once conservative treatment is unsuccessful or a rigid structural deformity is found in the clinical examination. The underlying reasons may be neuropathic or structural anatomical in origin. Lateral column lengthening as described by Evans or minimally invasive arthroereisis are well established surgical options but for arthroereisis the number of long-term studies is low. In general the indications for surgical and conservative therapy have to be judged with caution although parents often see an urgent need for treatment.
authors.affiliation: Orthopädische Klinik, Universität Regensburg, Asklepios Klinikum Bad Abbach, Kaiser-Karl V.-Allee 3, 93077 Bad Abbach, Deutschland. Ferdinand.Wagner@klinik.uni-regensburg.de
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hofbauer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matussek
mesh_terms: D001174:Arthrodesis; D001852:Bone Lengthening / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005413:Flatfoot / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D061826:Foot Orthoses; D006801:Humans; D026201:Musculoskeletal Manipulations / Q000379:methods*; D018579:Patient Selection; D012016:Reference Values