title: Increased Prevalence of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Leu 33 Pro Polymorphism in End Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis.
abstract: Traditional atherosclerosis risk factors cannot elucidate the increased prevalence of cardiovascular events in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis. A previous study has indicated a strong association of the PI(A1/A2) polymorphism with myocardial infarction, diabetes and renal allograft rejection. In this investigation, we determined the prevalence of the PI(A1/A2) polymorphism of platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa in ESRD patients on hemodialysis in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The PI(A1/A2) polymorphism was determined in 42 ESRD patients receiving hemodialysis and in 49 subjects without current or past history of renal disease. Genotypes were determined by a reverse-hybridization assay and were confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism procedures. The PI(A2) allele frequency among the control sample was 28.6% (2 were homozygous for PI(A2), 23 were homozygous for PI(A1), and 24 were heterozygous PI(A1/A2)). The PI(A2) allele frequency among the hemodialysis sample was 50% (2 were homozygous for PI(A2), 2 were homozygous for PI(A1) and 38 were heterozygous for PI(A1/A2)). The PI(A2) allele frequency among the hemodialysis patients was significantly higher than that in the control group [Odds ratios 2.5 (1.35-4.61), p<0.003; Adjusted odds ratios of 2.21 (1.05-4.65), p<0.036 after adjustment for the presence of diabetes; Simultaneously adjusting the odds ratios for the presence of standard risk factors (diabetes and hypertension) gave an adjusted OR of 6.87 (1.54-30.71), p=0.064]. These results suggest that the PI(A2) polymorphism may contribute toward the etiology of cardiovascular diseases in ESRD patients. A further study with a larger sample size is needed to confirm above results.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia;
authors.forename: Amein
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Ali
authors.forename: Fahad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Muhanna
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Mueilo
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Larbi
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Sultan
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rubaish
authors.forename: Suad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Ateeq
authors.forename: Alhusain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Zaharani
keywords: CVD; fibrinogen receptor; glycoprotein; hemodialysis; platelets; polymorphism