title: β-N-methylamino-L-alanine induces changes in both GSK3 and TDP-43 in human neuroblastoma.
abstract: β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (L-BMAA) is a neurotoxic amino acid produced by most cyanobacteria, which are extensively distributed in different environments all over the world. L-BMAA has been linked to a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. This work aims to analyze the toxicological action of L-BMAA related to alterations observed in different neurodegenerative illness as Alzheimer disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Our results demonstrate that neuroblastoma cells treated with L-BMAA show an increase in glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSk3β) and induce accumulation of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) truncated forms (C-terminal fragments), phosphorylated  and high molecular weight forms of TDP-43, that appears frequently in some neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Saez
authors.forename: Estefanía
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Munck
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Arahuetes
authors.forename: M Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Solas
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Begoña G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Miguel
mesh_terms: D000599:Amino Acids, Diamino / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D000087522:Cyanobacteria Toxins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D006801:Humans; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000599:Amino Acids, Diamino; D000087522:Cyanobacteria Toxins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C001824:beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine; C000605506:GSK3B protein, human; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3