title: Chylopericardium and chylothorax: unusual mechanical complications of central venous catheters.
abstract: Obstruction and thrombosis of major systemic veins can occur due to indwelling central venous catheters. If obstruction of the innominate vein or superior vena cava occurs, lymphatic drainage can be impaired due to an increase in pressure in the thoracic duct and lymphatics. We describe a case where superior vena cava syndrome, chylopericardium and chylothorax occurred in a 16-year-old girl due to an indwelling central venous catheter. This was successfully treated with removal of the line, anticoagulation and angioplasty of the innominate vein and superior vena cava.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan. khaldun@maktoob.com
authors.forename: Khaldoun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alkayed
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plautz
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gowans
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Soldes
authors.forename: Athar M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Qureshi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D062905:Central Venous Catheters / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002916:Chylothorax / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016864:Li-Fraumeni Syndrome / Q000628:therapy; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D013479:Superior Vena Cava Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler