title: Computer-aided identification of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors using ginsenosides from Panax ginseng.
abstract: Natural products have served as structural resources in the history of drug discovery for cancer therapy. Among these natural products, Korean Panax ginseng serves as a potential anti-cancer medicinal plant. To determine the anti-cancer activities of Korean P. ginseng active compounds, we performed pharmacophore-based virtual screening and molecular docking studies on EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) tyrosine kinase domain. The EGFR family tyrosine kinase receptor is a cell surface receptor that regulates diverse biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. Over expression of EGFR tyrosine kinase domain associated with the development and progression of numerous human cancers. In our study, we developed the best pharmacophore model (Hypo1) using a diverse training set and validated by Fischer's randomization, a test set, and a decoy set. The best validated model was employed in the virtual screening of P. ginseng compound database. Further, chosen molecules were evaluated by applying ADMET screening and molecular docking studies. Finally, 14 compounds were obtained based on binding affinity scores and interactions with protein active site residues. These final lead compounds from P. ginseng can be used in the designing of new EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Korean Ginseng Center and Ginseng Genetic Resource Bank, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea. sathisbioinfo@gmail.com
authors.forename: Natarajan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sathishkumar
authors.forename: Veerappan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Karpagam
authors.forename: Subramaniyam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sathiyamoorthy
authors.forename: Min Jin
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Yeon-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Deok-Chun
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D036145:Ginsenosides; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors