title: Reconstruction of critical-size mandibular defects in immunoincompetent rats with human adipose-derived stromal cells.
abstract: In patients with bony defects, autologous bone grafts are the "gold standard" for reconstruction. In children, autologous bone harvesting is limited but tissue engineering offers an alternative. Next to bone marrow, adipose tissue is a source of mesenchymal stromal cells, and adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSC) can differentiate into osteocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bioactive implants (ADSC in fibrin glue) for repair of critical-size mandibular defects in athymic rats. Human adult ADSC embedded in fibrin glue were implanted into a critical-size defect in the rat mandible and their efficacy was compared to those of protected bone healing (pbh), autologous bone graft, and an empty defect. The newly formed bone was quantified using high-resolution flat-panel volumetric CT (fpvCT) during different observation times. After eight weeks, the specimens were assessed histologically and by micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). The radiographic examination demonstrated a significantly higher level of ossified defect area in the ADSC side compared with the pbh side. The autologous bone graft side showed significantly enhanced bone formation compared to the empty defect. The histological findings in the specimens with ADSC showed bony bridging of the defect. ADSC were capable of defect reconstruction under our experimental conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Klinikstrasse 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany. philipp.streckbein@uniklinikum-giessen.de
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Streckbein
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jäckel
authors.forename: Christoph-Yves
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Obert
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kähling
authors.forename: Jan-Falco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wilbrand
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zahner
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heidinger
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kampschulte
authors.forename: Jörn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pons-Kühnemann
authors.forename: Kernt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Howaldt
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D064592:Autografts / Q000637:transplantation; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D063175:Mandibular Reconstruction / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D011923:Rats, Nude; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive
keywords: Adipose-derived stromal cells; Bone defect; Flat-panel volumetric computed tomography; Small animal imaging; Tissue engineering; Xenogenic transplantation