title: Novel bone adhesives: a comparison of bond strengths in vitro.
abstract: Fracture fixation using adhesive is a promising alternative in craniofacial surgeries, replacing the plates and screws system. The advantages include the ease of application and avoidance of drilling holes that may weaken the bone and cause fractures. In this study the bond strengths of selected adhesives were evaluated and compared with resorbable plates and screws. Four adhesives, octyl-cyanoacrylate, N-butyl-cyanoacrylate, a novel methyl-methacrylate, and a novel cyanoacrylate derivative, were tested for their microtensile and shear bond strengths. The bone samples were cut into rectangular bars and bonded with selected adhesives for microtensile testing. For the shear bond test, paired bars were bonded at the overlap, while two other sets of bars were attached by a Lactosorb plate using either adhesive or screws. Data were analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The microtensile bond strengths of N-butyl-cyanoacrylate, novel cyanoacrylate derivative, and novel methyl-methacrylate derivative were significantly greater than octyl-cyanoacrylate. When bone sections were fixed with resorbable plates and adhesives, shear bond strength was significantly greater for N-butyl-cyanoacrylate than plate and screws, while the bond strengths of other adhesives were comparable with the plate and screws. N-Butyl cyanoacrylate was shown to have the greatest potential for fixation of fractured bone in craniofacial surgical applications.
authors.affiliation: College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA. kandalam@nova.edu
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kandalam
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bouvier
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gallego
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Rothrock
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: C-Y C
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Stelnicki
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology; D002102:Cadaver; D003487:Cyanoacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D020366:Methylmethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D003487:Cyanoacrylates; C119247:octylcyanoacrylate; D020366:Methylmethacrylate; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D004659:Enbucrilate
keywords: adhesives; cyanoacrylate; microtensile; plates and screws; shear bond strength