title: The influence of loose-mix feeding on behavior, feed intake, and body weight of growing geese.
abstract: The aim of this trial was to study the influence of loose-mix feeding on behavior, feed intake, and BW of growing geese. In total, 252 one-day-old geese (Anser anser) were divided into 2 groups differing in the form of diet they received between 42 and 98 d of age (AMEn 11.55 MJ/kg, CP 16%): a complete pelleted diet containing 500 g of sorghum/kg (control group) or a mixture containing 500 g of protein-rich pellets and 500 g of sorghum whole seeds/kg (mixed group). Feed intake was measured daily from 42 to 48 d and every 3 d from 49 to 98 d. Individual BW was measured weekly from 42 to 98 d. Goose behavior was monitored by the scan sampling method throughout the experiment, which was divided into 5 periods according to the timing of access to feed: period 1 from 42 to 55 d (ad libitum feeding access), period 2 from 56 to 62 d (2 + 2 h feeding access), period 3 from 63 to 70 d (2 h feeding access), period 4 from 71 to 94 d (1 h feeding access), and period 5 from 95 to 97 d (3 h feeding access). Over the whole period, the feed intake (13,968 and 14,480 g) and the feed conversion ratio (8.53 and 8.15) were similar in both groups (P = 0.112 and P = 0.168; respectively). Body weight was similar in both groups from 42 to 91 d of age, but at 98 d of age, BW was 3.7% lower in the control than in the mixed group (P = 0.006). Goose behavior was influenced by period, because the percentage of birds feeding increased when the daily access time to the feed decreased (P < 0.001), but not by group (P > 0.05). The results suggest that a loose-mix feeding could be recommended in feeding of growing geese because it weakly influences their feed behavior but slightly increases their weight at the end of the growing period.
authors.affiliation: Université de Toulouse, INPT ENSAT, UMR 1289 Tissus Animaux, Nutrition, Digestion, Ecosystème et Métabolisme, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arroyo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Auvergne
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lavigne
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bijja
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bannelier
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fortun-Lamothe
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D046090:Anseriformes / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004435:Eating