title: Draft genome sequence of the Tibetan antelope.
abstract: The Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) is endemic to the extremely inhospitable high-altitude environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, a region that has a low partial pressure of oxygen and high ultraviolet radiation. Here we generate a draft genome of this artiodactyl and use it to detect the potential genetic bases of highland adaptation. Compared with other plain-dwelling mammals, the genome of the Tibetan antelope shows signals of adaptive evolution and gene-family expansion in genes associated with energy metabolism and oxygen transmission. Both the highland American pika, and the Tibetan antelope have signals of positive selection for genes involved in DNA repair and the production of ATPase. Genes associated with hypoxia seem to have experienced convergent evolution. Thus, our study suggests that common genetic mechanisms might have been utilized to enable high-altitude adaptation.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Ministry of Chinese Education and Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China. geriligao@hotmail.com
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authors.lastname: Murphy
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authors.lastname: Zhang
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mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics; D000531:Altitude; D000818:Animals; D000866:Antelopes / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D063990:Gene Ontology; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D018609:Tibet; D001503:Ursidae / Q000235:genetics