title: Interactions of genetic and environmental risk factors with respect to body fat mass in children: results from the ALSPAC study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate if percentile-specific effects of genetic, environmental and lifestyle obesity risk factors on body mass index (BMI) might reflect gene-environment interactions with respect to the development of overweight.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study with data of 2,346 children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), using quantile regression with body fat mass index (FMI) for children at the age of 9 years as outcome variable. We assessed interactions of an "obesity-risk-allele-score" with environmental and nutritional factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no evidence of interactions between the obesity-risk-allele score and the environmental variables except for maternal overweight. However, we found a significant interaction with respect to intake of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids at the age of 7. In children with low intake, genetic risk was associated with increasing effect sizes by FMI percentile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest an interaction between a low dietary content of unsaturated fatty acids and genetic risk factors for overweight on FMI. This effect is likely to be stronger in children with higher FMI.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany. christina.riedel@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Kries
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fenske
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strauch
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ness
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beyerlein
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000483:Alleles; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D004032:Diet; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated