title: Left ventricular hypertrophy and microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microalbuminuria and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) have both been shown to predict increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, especially in diabetic patients. The present study investigated the relationship between microalbuminuria and LVH in patients with essential hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a primary workup to rule out secondary hypertension, 110 essential hypertensive patients with LVH (mean age, 62.97 ± 11.02 years) and 10 essential hypertensive patients without LVH (mean age, 65.13 ± 10.15 years) were enrolled in this case-control study. Spot urine sample was collected for the assessment of microalbuminuria and creatinine concentrations in the two groups. Smoking status, blood pressure, and serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and creatinine were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with LVH had significantly higher microalbuminuria level compared with those without LVH (mean urine albumin-creatinine ratio, 54.4 ± 39.48 μg/mg versus 33.56 ± 21.73 μg/mg; P < .001). Multivariable regression analysis showed that the patients with a higher urine albumin-creatinine ratio were more likely to have LVH (OR, 1.028; 95% CI, 1.015 to 1.041; P < .001). Other significant predictive factors for LVH in the model were diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum creatinine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension. These data are strengthening the role of microalbuminuria as an indicator of high cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Urology Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Rasht, Iran. drmonfared2009@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Monfared
authors.forename: Arsalan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salari
authors.forename: Fardin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mirbolok
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Momeni
authors.forename: Shora
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shafighnia
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shakiba
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sheikholeslami
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors