title: Pseudoarthrosis in atypical femoral fracture: case report.
abstract: Atypical femoral fractures can be subsequent to a long-term biphosphonates treatment; they have a high frequency of delayed healing. The authors describe a femoral pseudoarthrosis of an atypical fracture treated with intramedullary nailing in a female after prolonged alendronate therapy. Atypical femoral fractures can be subsequent to a long-term biphosphonates treatment even if, in the literature, there is no clarity on the exact pathogenetic mechanism. The Task Force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research described the major and minor features to define atypical fractures and recommends that all the five major features must be present while minor features are not necessary. Another controversial aspect regarding the atypical femoral fractures is the higher frequency of the delayed healing that can be probably related to a suppressed bone turnover caused by a prolonged period of bisphosphonates treatment. This concept could be corroborated by the Spet Tc exam. In the case of a pseudoarthrosis, there is not a standardization of the treatment. In this report, the authors describe a femoral pseudoarthrosis of an atypical fracture treated with intramedullary nailing in a female after prolonged alendronate therapy; the patient was studied with clinical, bioumoral end SPECT-Tc exam of both femurs. Many studies show the relationship between bisphosphonates and the presence of atypical fractures. These fractures should be monitored more closely due to the risk of nonunion and they require considering an initial treatment with pharmacological augmentation to reduce the complications for the patient and the health care costs.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica II, Universita' Di Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy, s.giannotti@med.unipi.it.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giannotti
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bottai
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dell'Osso
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Paola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghilardi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guido
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019386:Alendronate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000379:methods; D017102:Fracture Healing; D006801:Humans; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000188:drug therapy; D011542:Pseudarthrosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D019386:Alendronate