title: Parallels between wind and crowd loading of bridges.
abstract: Parallels between the dynamic response of flexible bridges under the action of wind and under the forces induced by crowds allow each field to inform the other. Wind-induced behaviour has been traditionally classified into categories such as flutter, galloping, vortex-induced vibration and buffeting. However, computational advances such as the vortex particle method have led to a more general picture where effects may occur simultaneously and interact, such that the simple semantic demarcations break down. Similarly, the modelling of individual pedestrians has progressed the understanding of human-structure interaction, particularly for large-amplitude lateral oscillations under crowd loading. In this paper, guided by the interaction of flutter and vortex-induced vibration in wind engineering, a framework is presented, which allows various human-structure interaction effects to coexist and interact, thereby providing a possible synthesis of previously disparate experimental and theoretical results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK. fam@eng.cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McRobie
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morgenthal
authors.forename: Danny
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prendergast
keywords: aeroelasticity; bridges; dynamics; human–structure interaction; wind