title: Multimodal phantom of liver tissue.
abstract: Medical imaging plays an important role in patients' care and is continuously being used in managing health and disease. To obtain the maximum benefit from this rapidly developing technology, further research is needed. Ideally, this research should be done in a patient-safe and environment-friendly manner; for example, on phantoms. The goal of this work was to develop a protocol and manufacture a multimodal liver phantom that is suitable for ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging modalities. The proposed phantom consists of three types of mimicked soft tissues: liver parenchyma, tumors, and portal veins, that are made of six ingredients: candle gel, sephadex®, agarose, glycerol, distilled water, and silicone string. The entire procedure is advantageous, since preparation of the phantom is simple, rather cost-effective, and reasonably quick - it takes around 2 days. Besides, most of the phantom's parts can be reused to manufacture a new phantom. Comparison of ultrasound images of real patient's liver and the developed phantom shows that the phantom's liver tissue and its structures are well simulated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. mchmarra@gmail.com
authors.forename: Magdalena K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Chmarra
authors.forename: Rune
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mårvik
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Langø
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging / Q000191:economics; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography