title: Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure with the AMPLATZER cardiac plug device in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and contraindications to anticoagulation therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the results associated with left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) with the AMPLATZER Cardiac Plug (ACP) (St. Jude Medical, Minneapolis, Minnesota) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and absolute contraindications to anticoagulation therapy.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Few data exist on the late outcomes after LAAC in patients with absolute contraindications to warfarin.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 52 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation underwent LAAC with the ACP device in 7 Canadian centers. Most patients received short-term (1 to 3 months) dual-antiplatelet therapy after the procedure and single-antiplatelet therapy thereafter. A transesophageal echocardiography was performed in 74% of patients at the 6-month follow-up. No patient was lost to follow-up (≥ 12 months in all patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age and median (interquartile range) CHADS2 score were 74 ± 8 years and 3 (2 to 4), respectively. The procedure was successful in 98.1% of the patients, and the main complications were device embolization (1.9%) and pericardial effusion (1.9%), with no cases of periprocedural stroke. At a mean follow-up of 20 ± 5 months, the rates of death, stroke, systemic embolism, pericardial effusion, and major bleeding were 5.8%, 1.9%, 0%, 1.9%, and 1.9%, respectively. The presence of mild peridevice leak was observed in 16.2% of patients at the 6-month follow-up as evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography. There were no cases of device thrombosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at high risk of cardioembolic events and absolute contraindications to anticoagulation, LAAC using the ACP device followed by dual-/single-antiplatelet therapy was associated with a low rate of embolic and bleeding events after a mean follow-up of 20 months. No cases of severe residual leak or device thrombosis were observed at the 6-month follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urena
authors.affiliation: Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: josep.rodes@criucpq.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodés-Cabau
authors.affiliation: Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Freixa
authors.affiliation: Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saw
authors.affiliation: St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.affiliation: St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.affiliation: Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horlick
authors.affiliation: Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osten
authors.affiliation: Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Marquis
authors.affiliation: Quebec Heart & Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Champagne
authors.affiliation: Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: reda.ibrahim@icm-mhi.org.
authors.forename: Réda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants; D020517:Atrial Appendage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000075202:Contraindications; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055989:Septal Occluder Device / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors