title: Pazopanib as second-line treatment after sunitinib or bevacizumab in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a Sarah Cannon Oncology Research Consortium Phase II Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This phase II trial examined the activity and toxicity of second-line treatment with pazopanib after failure of first-line single-agent treatment with sunitinib or bevacizumab in patients with advanced clear cell renal carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five patients with metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma who had previously received first-line treatment with sunitinib (39 patients) or bevacizumab (16 patients) were enrolled. Patients received pazopanib 800 mg orally daily and were evaluated for response after 8 weeks of treatment. Responses were measured using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), version 1.0, and confirmed with repeated scans after 8 weeks. Patients with objective response or stable disease continued treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurred.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen of 55 patients (27%) had objective response to pazopanib. An additional 27 patients (49%) had stable disease, for a disease control rate of 76%. After a median follow-up of 16.7 months, the median progression-free survival for the entire group was 7.5 months (95% confidence interval, 5.4-9.4 months). Similar progression-free survival was observed regardless of whether previous treatment was with sunitinib or bevacizumab. The estimated overall survival rate for the entire group at 24 months was 43%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pazopanib is an active agent for the treatment of advanced clear cell renal carcinoma, even after failure of sunitinib or bevacizumab. Treatment with pazopanib should be considered early in the sequence of therapy for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Sarah Cannon Research Institute, 3322 West End Ave., Nashville, TN 37203, USA. aso@scresearch.net
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Hainsworth
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: Edward R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Arrowsmith
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Khatcheressian
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D000068338:Everolimus; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007191:Indazoles; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077210:Sunitinib; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D007191:Indazoles; D007211:Indoles; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011758:Pyrroles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000068258:Bevacizumab; C516667:pazopanib; D000068338:Everolimus; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D000077210:Sunitinib; D020123:Sirolimus
keywords: Pazopanib; Renal cell carcinoma; Sequential therapy; Tyrosine kinase inhibitors