title: Impact of fluid intake in the prevention of urinary system diseases: a brief review.
abstract: We are often told that we should be drinking more water, but the rationale for this remains unclear and no recommendations currently exist for a healthy fluid intake supported by rigorous scientific evidence. Crucially, the same lack of evidence precludes the claim that a high fluid intake has no clinical benefit. The aim of this study is to describe the mechanisms by which chronic low fluid intake may play a crucial role in the pathologies of four key diseases of the urinary system: urolithiasis, urinary tract infection, chronic kidney disease and bladder cancer. Although primary and secondary intervention studies evaluating the impact of fluid intake are lacking, published data from observational studies appears to suggest that chronic low fluid intake may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390-9110, USA. yair.lotan@UTSouthwestern.edu
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lotan
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daudon
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bruyère
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Talaska
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Strippoli
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tack
mesh_terms: D004326:Drinking; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance