title: Simple anthropometrics are more correlated with health variables than are estimates of body composition in Yup'ik people.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To (1) evaluate the relationships between several indices of obesity with obesity-related risk factors; (2) compare the accuracy of body composition estimates derived from anthropometry and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) to estimates of body composition assessed by doubly-labeled water (DLW); and (3) establish equations for estimating fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and percent body fat (PBF) in Yup'ik people.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 1,056 adult Yup'ik people from 11 communities in Southwestern Alaska. In a sub-study of 30 participants, we developed population-specific linear regression models for estimating FM, FFM, and PBF from anthropometrics, age, sex, and BIA against criterion measures derived from total body water assessed with DLW. These models were then used with the population cohort and we analyzed the relationships between obesity indices and several health-related and disease status variables: (1) fasting plasma lipids, (2) glucose, (3) HbA1c, (4) adiponectin, (5) blood pressure, (6) diabetes (DM), and (7) cerebrocoronary vascular disease (CCVD) which includes stroke and heart disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The best model for estimating FM in the sub-study used only three variables-sex, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference and had multiple R(2) = 0.9730. FFM and PBF were calculated from FM and body weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  WC and other anthropometrics were more highly correlated with a number of obesity-related risk factors than were direct estimates of body composition. Body composition in Yup'ik people can be accurately estimated from simple anthropometrics.
authors.affiliation: Center for Alaska Native Health Research, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bray
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pomeroy
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Knowler
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bersamin
authors.forename: Scarlett
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brage
authors.forename: Kimber
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stanhope
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Havel
authors.forename: Bert B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Boyer
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000503:physiopathology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000413:Alaska / Q000453:epidemiology; D000886:Anthropometry; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D001825:Body Fluid Compartments / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D004930:Inuit; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D014867:Water; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014867:Water