title: Overexpression of CRKL correlates with malignant cell proliferation in breast cancer.
abstract: Crk-like (CRKL) is an adapter protein that has crucial roles in multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration. However, the expression pattern of CRKL protein and its clinical significance in human breast cancers have not been well characterized. In this study, expression of CRKL was evaluated in 108 human invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) tissues by immunohistochemistry. CRKL protein was upregulated in the cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal mammary glands. Overexpression of CRKL was found in 40 of 108 (37.03 %) breast cancer samples and correlated with advanced p-tumor-node-metastasis stage (p = 0.002), nodal metastasis (p = 0.0323), and tumor size (p = 0.0075). In addition, overexpression of CRKL in the MDA-MB-435 cell line promoted cell proliferation, and small interfering RNA knockdown of CRKL in the MDA-MB-453 cell line inhibited proliferation. Further analysis of cell cycle-related molecules showed that CRKL induced cyclin D1 and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase expression. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that overexpression of CRKL correlated with progression and malignant proliferation of human breast cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhifeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Zhenning
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xingyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Jiguang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C530104:CCND1 protein, human; C082869:CRKL protein; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019938:Cyclin D1; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases