title: The "subjective" pupil old/new effect: is the truth plain to see?
abstract: Human memory is an imperfect process, prone to distortion and errors that range from minor disturbances to major errors that can have serious consequences on everyday life. In this study, we investigated false remembering of manipulatory verbs using an explicit recognition task and pupillometry. Our results replicated the "classical" pupil old/new effect as well as data in false remembering literature that show how items must be recognize as old in order for the pupil size to increase (e.g., "subjective" pupil old/new effect), even though these items do not necessarily have to be truly old. These findings support the strength-of-memory trace account that affirms that pupil dilation is related to experience rather than to the accuracy of recognition. Moreover, behavioral results showed higher rates of true and false recognitions for manipulatory verbs and a consequent larger pupil diameter, supporting the embodied view of language.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy. m.montefinese@unich.it
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montefinese
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ambrosini
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fairfield
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mammarella
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011578:Psycholinguistics; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011680:Pupil / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology; D012094:Repression, Psychology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Embodied language; False memory; Old/new effect; Pupil size; Pupillometry; Recognition memory