title: Environmental study of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with TR34/L98H mutations in the cyp51A gene in Iran.
abstract: Azole resistance in Aspergillus is emerging in European and Asian countries. As azoles are mainstay of therapy in the management of aspergillosis, azole resistance has serious implications in patient management. We report the emergence of resistance to triazoles in environmental Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in Iran. The TR34/L98H mutation was the only resistance mechanism. Overall 3.3% of the A. fumigatus isolates from hospital surroundings in Sari and Tehran had the same TR34/L98H STRAf genotype and were related to some resistant clinical and environmental TR34/L98H isolates from the Netherlands and India. It is emphasised that routine resistance surveillance studies focusing on environmental and clinical samples are warranted to yield the true prevalence of azole resistance in A. fumigatus in Iran.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology/Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Molecular and Cell Biology Research Centre (MCBRC), School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Badali
authors.forename: Afsane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaezi
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Haghani
authors.forename: Seyed A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Yazdanparast
authors.forename: Mohammad T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hedayati
authors.forename: Bita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mousavi
authors.forename: Saham
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Ferry
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.forename: Jacques F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Meis
authors.forename: Anuradha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chowdhary
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001393:Azoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D020125:Mutation, Missense
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001393:Azoles; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C465526:cytochrome P-450 CYP51A, Aspergillus
keywords: Aspergillus fumigatus; Iran; TR34/L98H; azole resistance; cyp51A; microsatellite typing