title: Microbiota regulates the TLR7 signaling pathway against respiratory tract influenza A virus infection.
abstract: Although intestinal flora are crucial in maintaining immune homeostasis of the intestine, the role of intestinal flora in immune responses at other mucosal surfaces remains less clear. Here, we show that intestinal flora composition critically regulates the toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) signaling pathway following respiratory influenza virus infection. TLR7 ligands rescued the immune impairment in antibiotic-treated mice. Intact microbiota provided signals leading to the expression of mRNA for TLR7, MyD88, IRAK4, TRAF6, and NF-κB at steady state. Significant changes in the composition of culturable commensal bacteria reduced the expression levels of components of the TLR7 signaling pathway. Our results reveal the importance of intestinal flora in regulating immunity in the respiratory mucosa through the upregulation of the TLR7 signaling pathway for the proper activation of inflammasomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Sha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhen-You
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yi-Fan
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cong-Qi
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Xian-Lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xiao-Long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xiao-Yin
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D064307:Microbiota; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7