title: Soluble CD163 does not predict first-time myocardial infarction in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a nested case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Soluble CD163 (sCD163) has been associated with arterial inflammation and non-calcified plaques in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals and has therefore been suggested as a predictive biomarker of myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a nested case-control study of 55 cases with first-time MI and 182 controls matched for age, duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART), gender, smoking, and no known cardiovascular disease. All patients had four available plasma samples, 1: Before initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), 2: Three months after ART, 3: One year before the case's MI, and 4: The last sample available before the case's MI. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate the association of sCD163 with first-time MI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups had similar HIV-parameters and cardiovascular risk factors were equally distributed. There was no significant association between sCD163 and MI neither in samples obtained one year before (OR 1.05, CI 95% 0.85 - 1.29, p = 0.66) nor two months before (OR 1.20, CI 95% 0.98-1.47 p = 0.08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  sCD163 did not prove to be a useful biomarker for prediction of first-time MI in a HIV-infected population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kettegaard Allé 30, Hvidovre 2650, Denmark. andreas.knudsen@hvh.regionh.dk
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.forename: Holger Jon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: Terese L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Katzenstein
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gerstoft
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Obel
authors.forename: Gitte
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kronborg
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Benfield
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kjaer
authors.forename: Anne-Mette
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lebech
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood*; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000821:virology; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood*; D000098902:CD163 Antigen
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D000098902:CD163 Antigen; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface