title: North American snake and scorpion envenomations.
abstract: Envenomations by snakes and scorpions in North America, although uncommon, do occur, and the victims may seek medical treatment. Combined, snake and scorpion encounters result in more than 25,000 calls a year to poison centers. Although some similarities exist with respect to general signs of envenomation and treatment, specific nuances distinguish the medical care to be anticipated and therapies available. Regardless of geographic practice area, exposures will occur that may result in a significant envenomation. This article provides critical care nurses with fundamental knowledge of varied snake and scorpion envenomation presentations and treatments to assist in optimizing patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, TN 37027, USA. Jennifer.wilbeck@vanderbilt.edu
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilbeck
authors.forename: Chip
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gresham
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D017839:Crotalus; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D006801:Humans; D012151:Resuscitation; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000628:therapy; D012909:Snake Bites / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000451:nursing / Q000628:therapy*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology