title: Regulation of transcription of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat-encoding genes SNC1 and RPP4 via H3K4 trimethylation.
abstract: Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins serve as intracellular sensors to detect pathogen effectors and trigger immune responses. Transcription of the NB-LRR-encoding Resistance (R) genes needs to be tightly controlled to avoid inappropriate defense activation. How the expression of the NB-LRR R genes is regulated is poorly understood. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) suppressor of npr1-1, constitutive 1 (snc1) mutant carries a gain-of-function mutation in a Toll/Interleukin1 receptor-like (TIR)-NB-LRR-encoding gene, resulting in the constitutive activation of plant defense responses. A snc1 suppressor screen identified modifier of snc1,9 (mos9), which partially suppresses the autoimmune phenotypes of snc1. Positional cloning revealed that MOS9 encodes a plant-specific protein of unknown function. Expression analysis showed that MOS9 is required for the full expression of TIR-NB-LRR protein-encoding RECOGNITION OF PERONOSPORA PARASITICA 4 (RPP4) and SNC1, both of which reside in the RPP4 cluster. Coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses revealed that MOS9 associates with the Set1 class lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) methyltransferase Arabidopsis Trithorax-Related7 (ATXR7). Like MOS9, ATXR7 is also required for the full expression of SNC1 and the autoimmune phenotypes in the snc1 mutant. In atxr7 mutant plants, the expression of RPP4 is similarly reduced, and resistance against Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis Emwa1 is compromised. Consistent with the attenuated expression of SNC1 and RPP4, trimethylated H3K4 marks are reduced around the promoters of SNC1 and RPP4 in mos9 plants. Our data suggest that MOS9 functions together with ATXR7 to regulate the expression of SNC1 and RPP4 through H3K4 methylation, which plays an important role in fine-tuning their transcription levels and functions in plant defense.
authors.affiliation: Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China 410128.
authors.forename: Shitou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Yu Ti
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Win
authors.forename: Avril
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soards
authors.forename: Tsung-Luo
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Jinn
authors.forename: Jonathan D G
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Sophien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamoun
authors.forename: She
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuelin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism*; D008745:Methylation; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009868:Oomycetes / Q000472:pathogenicity; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020449:Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D006657:Histones; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; C586317:MOS9 protein, Arabidopsis; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011506:Proteins; C107295:RPP5 protein, Arabidopsis; C482739:SNC1 protein, Arabidopsis; D008780:Methyltransferases; C586316:ATXR7 protein, Arabidopsis; D008239:Lysine