title: Human embryonic stem cells derived by somatic cell nuclear transfer.
abstract: Reprogramming somatic cells into pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been envisioned as an approach for generating patient-matched nuclear transfer (NT)-ESCs for studies of disease mechanisms and for developing specific therapies. Past attempts to produce human NT-ESCs have failed secondary to early embryonic arrest of SCNT embryos. Here, we identified premature exit from meiosis in human oocytes and suboptimal activation as key factors that are responsible for these outcomes. Optimized SCNT approaches designed to circumvent these limitations allowed derivation of human NT-ESCs. When applied to premium quality human oocytes, NT-ESC lines were derived from as few as two oocytes. NT-ESCs displayed normal diploid karyotypes and inherited their nuclear genome exclusively from parental somatic cells. Gene expression and differentiation profiles in human NT-ESCs were similar to embryo-derived ESCs, suggesting efficient reprogramming of somatic cells to a pluripotent state.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tachibana
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amato
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sparman
authors.forename: Nuria Marti
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tippner-Hedges
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Eunju
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Alimujiang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fulati
authors.forename: Hyo-Sang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hathaitip
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sritanaudomchai
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masterson
authors.forename: Janine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eaton
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sadler-Fredd
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patton
authors.forename: Sumita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gokhale
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Stouffer
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Shoukhrat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitalipov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D002469:Cell Separation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology