title: [Long-term effect and safety of non-occlusive intra-vas device for male contraception].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the long-term effect and safety of non-occlusive intra-vas device (IVD) for male contraception in comparison with no-scalpel vasectomy (NSV).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a follow-up investigation on 100 males who had received IVD and another 50 who had undergone NSV 6 years before. We compared the rates of sperm absence and complications between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up visits were successfully performed on 95 males (95%) of the IVD group and 44 (88%) of the NSV group. Pregnancy was not found in any of the cases. Spermatozoa (> or = 5 x 10(6)/ml) were not detected in 87 cases (91.58%) in the IVD group and in 44 cases (95.45%) in the NSV group, with no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). The rate of postoperative complications in the IVD group (11.58%) showed no significant difference from that of the NSV group (4.55%) (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IVD is as effective and safe as NSV for male contraception.
authors.affiliation: Henan Province Research Institute for Population and Family Planning, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China. hongliangyu19780@sina.com
authors.forename: Hong-Liang
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Li-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Bo
authors.forename: Xiao-Cui
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao-Bei
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Feng-Xia
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiao-Guo
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003267:Contraception / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014649:Vas Deferens; D014659:Vasectomy