title: Genetic insights into the in vivo functions of prostaglandin signaling.
abstract: Prostaglandins (PGs) are lipid signals that are produced at their sites of action by cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, the targets of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and PG-type specific synthases. Active PGs serve as ligands for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The functions of PGs have largely been elucidated using pharmacologic, expression-based (synthesis and signaling components), and genetic studies. In this review, we discuss the in vivo roles of PGs in cancer, development, and reproduction that have been characterized using genetic knockout/knockdown and overexpression approaches in mice, zebrafish, and invertebrate model systems, and how pharmacologic inhibition of PG synthesis affects cardiovascular health/disease and cancer incidence and progression.
authors.affiliation: Anatomy and Cell Biology Department, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States. tina-tootle@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Tina L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Tootle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004194:Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D011453:Prostaglandins
keywords: Cancer; Development; Prostaglandins; Reproduction; Signal transduction