title: Phages bearing affinity peptides to severe acute respiratory syndromes-associated coronavirus differentiate this virus from other viruses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transmission of SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is now well controlled, nevertheless, it is important to develop effective methods to identify this virus from other pathogens.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to identify potential ligands and develop a novel diagnostic test to SARS-CoV using phage display technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  The SARS-CoV spike 1 (S1) protein containing the receptor binding region (RBD) was used as an immobilized target followed by incubation with a 12-mer phage display random peptide library. After four rounds of biopanning, 10 monoclonal phages with specific binding activity to the S1-RBD protein were obtained and subjected to binding and diagnostic assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DNA sequencing showed that two phage displayed peptides HHKTWHPPVMHL (phage-H) and SQWHPRSASYPM (phage-S) that were specific ligands to the S1 protein. Moreover, the selected phage-H and phage-S were capable of differentiating SARS-CoV from other coronaviruses in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The peptides identified in this study are useful reagents for detection of SARS-CoV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xuejiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Siqingaowa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suo
authors.forename: Yudong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Xunliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Herrler
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thiel
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D061505:Cell Surface Display Techniques / Q000379:methods; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D019151:Peptide Library; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics*; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D019151:Peptide Library; D010455:Peptides; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus