title: Increased levels of interleukin-6 in synovial lavage fluid from patients with mandibular condyle fractures: correlation with magnetic resonance evidence of joint effusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between magnetic resonance (MR) evidence of joint effusion and concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, in washed-out synovial fluid samples obtained from patients with mandibular condyle fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five joints in 23 patients with mandibular condyle fractures were examined. Computed tomography was used to determine the position of the fracture and MR examination was performed in all cases. Twenty-five joints underwent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) irrigation before surgical treatment for the fractures. The detection rates and concentrations of the tested cytokines were determined, and their relations to evidence of joint effusion and positions of the condylar fractures were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six TMJ fractures were found in the head, 10 in the upper neck, 4 in the lower neck, and 5 in the subcondyle. MR evidence of joint effusion was observed in 17 of 25 TMJs (68.0%). The detection rate and concentration of IL-6 were significantly higher in patients with MR evidence of joint effusion and those with high condylar fractures. Moreover, there was a correlation between joint effusion grade and IL-6 concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings showed a correlation between MR evidence of joint effusion and concentration of IL-6 in washed-out synovial fluid samples collected from patients with mandibular condyle fractures. These results may provide support for arthrocentesis as a reasonable treatment modality for high condylar fractures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan. r09nogami@fa.kyu-dent.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shinnosuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nogami
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ariyoshi
authors.forename: Daigo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yoshiga
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000473:pathology*; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D019152:Paracentesis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6