title: Transient global amnesia and neurological events: the framingham heart study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a temporary amnestic syndrome characterized by lack of other focal neurological deficits. Cerebrovascular disease, migraine and seizures have been suggested as underlying mechanisms. TGA may be a risk factor for cerebrovascular or other neurological events. We studied the relation of TGA, vascular risk factors, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indices of subclinical ischemia and neurological events in a community-based sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 12 TGA cases were ascertained using standard criteria by experienced neurologists, and matched to 41 stroke- and seizure-free controls. Vascular risk factors, brain MRI findings, and subsequent cerebrovascular or seizure events were compared in cases and controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Framingham Heart Study (FHS) original and offspring cohort participants were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences between the groups were observed in the prevalence of vascular risk factors, or brain MRI measures. Few incident stroke/transient ischemic attacks (TIA) (one event among the cases and four in controls) or subsequent seizures occurred in either group. Head CT during the acute event (n = 11) and brain MRI (n = 7) were negative for acute abnormalities. Electroencephalograms (EEG) (n = 5) were negative for epileptiform activity. Extracranial vascular studies were negative for significant stenosis in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our community-based study TGA was not related to traditional vascular risk factors, or cerebrovascular disease. However, our study is limited by small sample size and power, and larger studies are required to exclude an association.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Boston University Medical Center Boston MA, USA ; Framingham Heart Study, The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Framingham, MA, USA.
authors.forename: José Rafael
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mercado
authors.forename: Alexa S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Beiser
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pikula
authors.forename: Sudha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seshadri
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelly-Hayes
authors.forename: Philip A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Carlos S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kase
keywords: Brain MRI; TIA; cerebrovascular disease; stroke; transient global amnesia