title: Advances in antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review recent data about advances in ART.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the last 2 years, clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of three integrase transfer inhibitors [raltegravir (RAL), elvitegravir (EVG) and dolutegravir (DTG)], one new nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor [rilpivirine (RIL)] and a new extended release formulation of nevirapine in antiretroviral-naive and experienced patients. Cobicistat (COBI), a new pharmacologic enhancer without antiretroviral activity has been studied as a booster of EVG and atazanavir (ATV). Two new single-pill fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) have been approved by regulatory agencies: RIL/tenofovir (TDF) difumarate/emtricitabine and elvitegravir/COBI/TDF difumarate/emtricitabine. A new prodrug of TDF is going to be evaluated in phase III clinical trials with the goal of showing less bone and renal toxicity. Ongoing trials are evaluating the use of nucleoside sparing regimens in antiretroviral-naive patients. Generic formulations of multiple antiretrovirals would become available in the immediate future. The efficacy and price reduction associated with generic antiretrovirals remains to be elucidated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the last 2 years, the antiretroviral armamentarium has been significantly expanded by the advent of the integrase transfer inhibitors RAL, EVG and DTG, by a new nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, RIL and by two new single-pill FDCs.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Unidad VIH Hospital La Paz, IdiPAZ. Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Arribas
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eron
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006678:HIV / Q000201:enzymology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase