title: Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a chicken.
abstract: This report describes a case of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) in a 5-wk-old male white leghorn chicken that presented with growth retardation. This chicken was a specific-pathogen-free chicken bred in an isolator. At 5 wk of age, the chicken was euthanatized and autopsied. Macroscopically, the right ventricle and right atrium were significantly enlarged whereas the left atrium was small and blind-ending with no connection to the pulmonary veins. The pulmonary veins were connected directly to the right atrium. The above abnormality was accompanied by an ostium secundum-type atrial septal defect. No other malformations were observed. TAPVC is a very rare congenital cardiac abnormality that has not been reported in avian species to date.
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 1-15-1 Tokura, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aihara
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: Nanase
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hikichi
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oishi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000002:abnormalities*; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology