title: Dysregulated expression of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 is associated with the disease severity and the outcome of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to investigate the expression of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) on peripheral blood cells in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients and to analyze its clinical significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tim-3 expression on peripheral immunocytes from ICH patients and healthy volunteers was measured by flow cytometry. The correlation between Tim-3 expression and the clinical indices was estimated using linear regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tim-3 expressions on peripheral CD3⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ T cells in ICH patients are significantly downregulated, while Tim-3 expressions on CD14⁺ monocytes and CD16⁺CD56⁺ NK cells are increased. Furthermore, Tim-3 expression on peripheral CD8⁺ cells was negatively correlated with the inflammatory response, the disease severity and the outcome of ICH patients. However, there was no relationship between Tim-3 expression and blood glucose concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Altered expression of Tim-3 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of ICH, demonstrating that Tim-3 might be a novel candidate molecule for prognosis evaluation of ICH patients.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Institute of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Junyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yingfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Lifen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Chunhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D000072597:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D001786:Blood Glucose; C448908:HAVCR2 protein, human; D000072597:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2; D008565:Membrane Proteins
keywords: Blood glucose; Glasgow coma scale (GCS); Glasgow outcome scale (GOS); Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3)