title: Sleep-related adductor laryngeal dystonia causing sleep apnea: a sleep-related breathing disorder diagnosed with sleep endoscopy and treated with botulinum toxin.
abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a chronic condition, characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep, which affects up to 5% of adults in the Western population. The muscle tone of the human body ordinarily relaxes during sleep, thus causing airway obstruction and leading to sleep apnea. We report a case of a 68-years old male in which dystonic closure of the larynx during sleep caused OSAS. The sleep endoscopy was crucial in establishing the diagnosis of laryngeal dystonia. A botulinum toxin injection in the vocal cord improved the OSAS. These findings define a novel sleep-related breathing disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Otolaryngology, Padova University, Padova, Italy. rossmr@libero.it
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marchese-Ragona
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vianello
authors.forename: Domenico A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Restivo
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pittoni
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lionello
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Manfredini
authors.forename: Bhik
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kotecha
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Staffieri
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004421:Dystonia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D012890:Sleep; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D001905:Botulinum Toxins