title: AUStralian Indigenous Chronic Disease Optimisation Study (AUSI-CDS) prospective observational cohort study to determine if an established chronic disease health care model can be used to deliver better heart failure care among remote Indigenous Australians: Proof of concept-study rationale and protocol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The congestive heart failure syndrome has increased to epidemic proportions and is cause for significant morbidity and mortality. Indigenous patients suffer a greater prevalence with greater severity. Upon diagnosis patients require regular follow-up with medical and allied health services. Patients are prescribed life saving, disease modifying and symptom relieving therapies. This can be an overwhelming experience for patients. To compound this, remoteness, differentials in conventional health care and services pose special problems for Indigenous clients in accessing care. Additional barriers of language, culture, socio-economic disadvantage, negative attitudes towards establishment, social stereotyping, stigma and discrimination act as barriers to improved care. Recent focus supported by clinical evidence support the role of chronic disease self-management programs. A patient focused, problem identification, goal setting and psychosocial modification based program should in principal highlight these issues and help tailor a patient focused comprehensive care plan to complement guideline based care. At present there are no Indigenous focused chronic disease self-management programs. There is a need for research on ways to provide chronic disease management to this group. We therefore designed a study to assess a model of patient focussed comprehensive care for Indigenous Australians with heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  AUSI-CDS is a prospective, cohort, observational study to evaluate the efficacy of the standard "Flinders Program of Chronic Condition Management" for Indigenous patients with chronic heart failure. Eligible patients will be Indigenous, suffering from chronic heart failure, in the Northern Territory. The primary end-point is the satisfaction score based on the PACIC. The study will recruit 20 patients and is expected to last 12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rationale and design of the AUSI-CDS using the Flinders Model is described.
authors.affiliation: Flinders Human Behaviour and Health Research Unit (FHBHRU), Margaret Tobin Centre, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5001, Australia; Royal Darwin Hospital, Division of Medicine, Level 7 Royal Darwin Hospital, Rocklands Drive, Tiwi, NT 0810, Australia. Electronic address: balaniyngkaran@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Iyngkaran
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Majoni
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nadarajan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haste
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battersby
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ilton
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harris
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: 6MWT; ASH; Alice Springs Hospital; BNP; Brain Natriuretic Peptide; C&R; CDSMP; CFPI™; CHF; Cue and Response; FMC; FMSC; Flinders Medical Centre; Flinders Model of Self Care; Flinders Program of Chronic Condition Management; HF; Heart failure; Indigenous; NT; NT DHCS; Northern Territory; Northern Territory Department of Health and Families; P&G; PACIC; PHC; PIH; Partners in Health; Problems and Goals; Protocol; RDH; Royal Darwin Hospital; Rural; Self-management; chronic disease self management program; congestive heart failure; heart failure; patient assessment and chronic illness care satisfaction questionnaire; primary health care records; six minute walk test