title: Heavy Chain Only Antibodies: A New Paradigm in Personalized HER2+ Breast Cancer Therapy.
abstract: Unlike conventional antibodies, heavy chain only antibodies derived from camel contain a single variable domain (VHH) and two constant domains (CH2 and CH3). Cloned and isolated VHHs possess unique properties that enable them to excel conventional therapeutic antibodies and their smaller antigen-binding fragments in cancer targeting and therapy. VHHs express low immunogenicity, are highly robust and easy to manufacture and have the ability to recognize hidden or uncommon epitopes. We highlight the utility of VHH in design of new molecular, multifunctional particulate and immune cell-based systems for combating HER2+ breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Nanomedicine Research Group, Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark ; NanoScience Centre, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
authors.forename: Seyed Moein
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moghimi
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rahbarizadeh
authors.forename: Davoud
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ahmadvand
authors.forename: Ladan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parhamifar
keywords: Chimeric Antigen Receptors; HER2; Heavy Chain Only Antibodies; Nanotechnology; Single Variable Domain