title: Backwards is the way forward: feedback in the cortical hierarchy predicts the expected future.
abstract: Clark offers a powerful description of the brain as a prediction machine, which offers progress on two distinct levels. First, on an abstract conceptual level, it provides a unifying framework for perception, action, and cognition (including subdivisions such as attention, expectation, and imagination). Second, hierarchical prediction offers progress on a concrete descriptive level for testing and constraining conceptual elements and mechanisms of predictive coding models (estimation of predictions, prediction errors, and internal models).
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, United Kingdom. Lars.Muckli@glasgow.ac.uk
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Muckli
authors.forename: Lucy S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Petro
authors.forename: Fraser W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D019336:Cognitive Science / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D010465:Perception / Q000502:physiology*