title: Basic surgical skills training in United Kingdom foundation year doctors: can we do more?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent changes to the structure of medical training have placed increasing pressure on foundation year 1 (FY1) doctors to decide upon careers earlier. The deadline for application to core surgical training (CST) at the start of the foundation year 2 (FY2) may deter doctors from pursuing careers in surgery due to insufficient experience and confidence in its practical aspects. We piloted a four-week basic surgical skills (BSS) programme near the start of the FY1 year to a small cohort of FY1s and assessed its impact on confidence in basic surgical competencies and attitudes to a career in surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  FY1 doctors at Whipps Cross University Hospital (WXUH) were selected to participate in a four week BSS programme within three months of starting their posts. We devised the BSS programme based on relevant key competencies in the Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme (ISCP). Using questionnaires we assessed confidence in basic surgical skills, competencies and attitudes to surgery before, immediately after and at 8 months after completion of the course and compared this with non-participating FY1s.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 31 FY1 doctors, 14 (4 males, 10 females) participated in the BSS programme and 17 (10 males, 7 females) were non-participants (control group). Using the Mann-Whitney test, there was a statistically significant increase in confidence at 8 month follow-up of course participants (versus control group) in tying knots (p = 0.0112), suturing skills (p = 0.0455) performing fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology (p = 0.0017), obtaining tru-cut biopsy samples (p = 0.0031), suturing lacerations in accident and emergency (A&E) (p = 0.0009), incising and draining abscesses (p = 0.0034), performing skin closure (p = 0.0042), surgical sharps handling (p = 0.0402) and surgical instrument handling (p = 0.0066). Course participants were significantly more likely than non-participants to receive additional training in BSS from senior members of the team (p = 0.0076). Importantly, they also demonstrated a statistically significant increase in interest in a career in surgery at 8 month follow-up in comparison to non-participants (p = 0.0016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A structured, challenging BSS teaching programme early on during the FY1 year increases confidence in key surgical skills and competencies and can increase interest in surgery as a career.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Whipps Cross University Hospital, Whipps Cross Road, Leytonstone, E11 1NR l, UK. kohmalsolanki@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Kohmal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Solanki
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pisesky
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Frecker
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013043:Specialties, Surgical / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom
keywords: Education; Surgery; Training