title: Instrumentation related complications in spine surgery.
abstract: Spinal instrumentation constructs are frequently necessary for the surgical management of patients with variable spinal pathology. However, surgical complications may appear. These should be detected early and managed to achieve recovery and good functional outcome for the patient. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the most common instrumentation-related complications of spine surgery as well as a diagnostic plan and treatment options for the management of these challenging entities once they occur.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Orthopaedics, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Efstathios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ballas
authors.forename: Andreas F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Mavrogenis
authors.forename: Eirineos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karamanis
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mimidis
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tolis
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soultanis
authors.forename: Panayiotis J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Papagelopoulos
mesh_terms: D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013131:Spine / Q000601:surgery*