title: Toll-IL-1-receptor-containing adaptor molecule-1: a signaling adaptor linking innate immunity to adaptive immunity.
abstract: The innate immune system senses microbial infections using pattern-recognition receptors and signals to activate adaptive immunity. Type I transmembrane protein Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play important roles in antimicrobial immune responses. Upon the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, TLRs homo- or heterodimerize and recruit distinct adaptor molecules to the intracellular TIR domains. Toll-IL-1-receptor-containing adaptor molecule-1 (TICAM-1) is a signaling adaptor downstream of TLRs 3 and 4 that recognizes virus-derived double-stranded RNA and lipopolysaccharide, respectively. TLR3 is expressed on the endosomal membrane in myeloid DCs, where TLR3-mediated signaling is initiated. Once TICAM-1 is activated, transcription factors, IRF-3, NF-κB, and AP-1, are activated, leading to production of IFN-β and proinflammatory cytokines and maturation of dendritic cells, which are capable of activating NK cells and cytotoxic T cells. Hence, TICAM-1 signaling appears to link innate immunity to adaptive immunity. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on TICAM-1 and discuss its role in virus infection and antitumor immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Misako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Funami
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oshiumi
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seya
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000276:immunology*; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors