title: Immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of MAGE-A and NY-ESO-1 cancer/testis antigens in diffuse large B-cell testicular lymphoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) is a rare and lethal disease. The most common histological subtype is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Standard treatments are frequently ineffective. Thus, the development of novel forms of therapy is urgently required. Specific immunotherapy generating immune responses directed against antigen predominantly expressed by cancer cells such as cancer-testis antigens (CTA) may provide a valid alternative treatment for patients bearing PTL, alone or in combination with current therapies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 77B recognizing MAGE-A1, 57B recognizing an epitope shared by multiple MAGE-A CTA (multi-MAGE-A specific) and D8.38 recognizing NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 were used for immunohistochemical staining of 27 PTL, including 24 DLBCL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of MAGE-A1 was infrequently detectable in DLBCL specimens (12.50%), whereas multi-MAGE-A and NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 specific reagents stained the cytoplasms of tumor cells in DLBCL specimens with higher frequencies (54.17% and 37.50%, respectively) with different expression levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that MAGE-A and NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1, possibly in combination with other CTA, might be used as targets for specific immunotherapy in DLBCL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia. tvrtkohudolin@gmail.com
authors.forename: Tvrtko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hudolin
authors.forename: Zeljko
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kastelan
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ilic
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Levarda-Hudolin
authors.forename: Nikolina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Basic-Jukic
authors.forename: Malte
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rieken
authors.forename: Giulio C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Spagnoli
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Juretic
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mengus
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007167:Immunotherapy; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D058950:Melanoma-Specific Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; C104948:CTAG1B protein, human; C072011:MAGEA1 protein, human; D058950:Melanoma-Specific Antigens; D008565:Membrane Proteins