title: Biopsy-proven brain metastases from prostate cancer: a series of four cases with review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate cancer is very common and is the second most common cause of cancer death in males in Australia; however, brain metastases are exceedingly rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  We review four cases of biopsy-proven brain metastases from prostate cancer and review the relevant literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three of four patients had acinar adenocarcinoma of prostate with one patient having ductal adenocarcinoma variant on histopathology. Three patients had the brain as the only site of metastatic disease. All patients underwent surgery, and three of four patients underwent adjuvant palliative radiotherapy to the brain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brain metastases from prostate cancer are rare, but brain metastases without other sites of metastatic disease are exceedingly rare and may be more common with ductal adenocarcinoma variant.
authors.affiliation: Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia. cgzell@gmail.com
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gzell
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kench
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Stockler
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hruby
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed