title: Human B-1 cells take the stage.
abstract: B-1 cells play critical roles in defending against microbial invasion and in housekeeping removal of cellular debris. B-1 cells secrete natural antibody and manifest functions that influence T cell expansion and differentiation and in these and other ways differ from conventional B-2 cells. B-1 cells were originally studied in mice where they are easily distinguished from B-2 cells, but their identity in the human system remained poorly defined for many years. Recently, functional criteria for human B-1 cells were established on the basis of murine findings, and reverse engineering resulted in identification of the phenotypic profile, CD20(+)CD27(+)CD43(+)CD70(-), for B-1 cells found in both umbilical cord blood and adult peripheral blood. Human B-1 cells may contribute to multiple disease states through production of autoantibody and stimulation/modulation of T cell activity. Human B-1 cells could be a rich source of antibodies useful in treating diseases present in elderly populations where natural antibody protection may have eroded. Manipulation of human B-1 cell numbers and/or activity may be a new avenue for altering T cell function and treating immune dyscrasias.
authors.affiliation: Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA. tr@nshs.edu
authors.forename: Thomas L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Rothstein
authors.forename: Daniel O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Nichol E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Holodick
authors.forename: Tam D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Quach
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaku
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018448:Models, Immunological; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D007075:Immunoglobulin M