title: Post-dilution high convective transport improves microinflammation and endothelial dysfunction independently of the technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effects of different online hemodiafiltration techniques on microinflammation and endothelial damage/repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was designed as a prospective crossover study. Flow cytometry was used to measure CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes, apoptotic endothelial microparticles (EMPs), and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients treated with high-flux hemodialysis showed a marked chronic inflammatory state (HF-HD 11 ± 2) versus healthy subjects (HS 3.9 ± 2.3; p < 0.05). High convective transport, independent of the technique used, improves microinflammatory parameters (OL-HDF 7.3 ± 2.1 or MID 6.5 ± 3.4; p < 0.05) and the endothelial damage/repair balance compared to HF-HD (EPCs HF-HD 0.3 ± 0.2), with no differences found between the two modalities (EPCs OL-HDF 0.6 ± 0.1, MID 0.6 ± 0.2; p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An increase in convective transport improves the microinflammatory state and the endothelial damage/repair of these patients independently of the technique used.
authors.affiliation: Reina Sofia University Hospital, Nephrology Unit, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ariza
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Merino
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carracedo
authors.forename: M Antonia
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alvarez de Lara
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Crespo
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martín-Malo
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aljama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000097:blood; D017583:Hemodiafiltration / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C428200:FCGR3B protein, human; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D017452:Receptors, IgG