title: Errors in motion processing amongst older drivers may increase accident risk.
abstract: Accident statistics highlight that older drivers are more frequently involved in right-of-way collisions than younger drivers. Accurately gauging vehicle speed is critical for judgement of when to pull out from a junction safely in front of oncoming traffic. We used psychophysical methods to measure drivers' ability to discriminate between different rates of looming presented by vehicles approaching at different speeds. We demonstrate that sensitivity to approach speed reduces by between 2.8 and 3.4 mph, dependent upon vehicle type, for every decade that age increases. We show that perceptual limitations for drivers over the age of 75 years can lead to a 50% reduction in time available to perform traffic manoeuvres, which may contribute in part to their overrepresentation in casualty statistics at junction. Results are discussed in terms of implications for road safety policy.
authors.affiliation: University of Greenwich, Department of Psychology and Counselling, Avery Hill Road, Eltham, London SE9 2UG, United Kingdom. D.R.Poulter@gre.ac.uk
authors.forename: Damian R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Poulter
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wann
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012449:Safety; D012649:Self Concept; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult