title: Effects of various electrode configurations on music perception, intonation and speaker gender identification.
abstract: Advances in speech coding strategies and electrode array designs for cochlear implants (CIs) predominantly aim at improving speech perception. Current efforts are also directed at transmitting appropriate cues of the fundamental frequency (F0) to the auditory nerve with respect to speech quality, prosody, and music perception. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of various electrode configurations and coding strategies on speech intonation identification, speaker gender identification, and music quality rating. In six MED-EL CI users electrodes were selectively deactivated in order to simulate different insertion depths and inter-electrode distances when using the high definition continuous interleaved sampling (HDCIS) and fine structure processing (FSP) speech coding strategies. Identification of intonation and speaker gender was determined and music quality rating was assessed. For intonation identification HDCIS was robust against the different electrode configurations, whereas fine structure processing showed significantly worse results when a short electrode depth was simulated. In contrast, speaker gender recognition was not affected by electrode configuration or speech coding strategy. Music quality rating was sensitive to electrode configuration. In conclusion, the three experiments revealed different outcomes, even though they all addressed the reception of F0 cues. Rapid changes in F0, as seen with intonation, were the most sensitive to electrode configurations and coding strategies. In contrast, electrode configurations and coding strategies did not show large effects when F0 information was available over a longer time period, as seen with speaker gender. Music quality relies on additional spectral cues other than F0, and was poorest when a shallow insertion was simulated.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landwehr
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fürstenberg
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walger
authors.forename: Hasso
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: von Wedel
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meister
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003463:Cues; D003638:Deafness / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009146:Music; D010897:Pitch Discrimination / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cochlear implant; Insertion depth; Inter-electrode distance; Music quality; Prosody