title: Clinical outcomes in patients with stage I non-seminomatous germ cell cancer.
abstract: This study assesses the long-term outcomes in Han Chinese patients with clinical stage I non-seminomatous germ cell testicular cancer (CSI NSGCT) treated with surveillance, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) and adjuvant chemotherapy. We retrospectively evaluated 89 patients with a mean age of 26.5 years. After orchiectomy, 37 patients were treated with surveillance, 34 underwent RPLND and 18 were managed with chemotherapy. The overall survival rate, the recurrence-free survival rate and the risk factors were evaluated. The median follow-up length was 92 months (range: 6-149 months). Thirteen of the 89 patients (14.6%) had relapses, and one died by the evaluation date. The overall survival rate was 98.9%. The cumulative 4-year recurrence-free rates were 80.2%, 92.0% and 100% for the surveillance, RPLND and chemotherapy groups, respectively. The disease-free period tended to be briefer in patients with a history of cryptorchidism and those with stage Is. Therefore, surveillance, RPLND and adjuvant chemotherapy might be reliable strategies in compliant patients with CSI NSGCT. Surveillance should be recommended for patients with the lowest recurrence rate, especially those without lymphovascular invasion. This study might aid the establishment of a standard therapy for CSI NSGCT in China.
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518036, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Jie
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Yin-Yin
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yao-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Gui
authors.forename: Fang-Jian
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhuo-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhi-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005047:Etoposide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009919:Orchiectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin