title: 2,2'-Dithienyl diselenide pro-oxidant activity accounts for antibacterial and antifungal activities.
abstract: The aim of this study was to explore if 2,2'-dithienyl diselenide (DTDS) pro-oxidant activity is related to its antibacterial and antifungal actions. The antimicrobial activity of DTDS against bacterial and fungal was investigated in the broth microdilution assay (3.02-387 μg/ml). Additionally, the survival curve of microorganisms in the presence of DTDS (12.09-193.5 μg/ml) was performed. The involvement of pro-oxidant activity in the DTDS antimicrobial action was investigated by supplementing the growth medium with 10 mM glutathione or ascorbic acid in the disk diffusion technique (0.64-640 μgDTDS/discs). The levels of reactive species (RS) induced by 25 mM DTDS were also determined. The results demonstrated that DTDS was effective in preventing the Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans growth. The minimum inhibitory concentration, twice and half concentrations of DTDS confirmed that the activity of compound was bactericidal for some microorganisms (Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus), bacteriostatic for Bacillus cereus and fungistatic for C. albicans. Antibacterial and antifungal actions of DTDS are related to the increase of reactive species levels. The presence of antioxidants in the growth medium avoided the DTDS antimicrobial action. In conclusion, DTDS showed promising antibacterial and antifungal actions, possibly related to its pro-oxidant activity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Pesarico
authors.forename: Gláubia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.forename: Camilla F A
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: José S S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.forename: Vandreza
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bortolotto
authors.forename: Roberto Christ Vianna
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Cristina W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prigol
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C583912:2,2'-dithienyl diselenide; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013876:Thiophenes
keywords: Antibacterial; Antifungal; Pro-oxidant; Selenium