title: Cross-sectional study of community serostatus to highlight undiagnosed HIV infections with oral fluid HIV-1/2 rapid test in non-conventional settings.
abstract: The submerged portion of undiagnosed HIV infection in Italy is about 30% of subjects found seropositive. This fact represents one of the most important public health problems hindering the control of infection progression. This means we need to fight unawareness and social stigma and promote easy and friendly access to HIV test. We developed a Prevention Program called “EASY test Project”, offering a new rapid HIV test on oral fluid, to evaluate the acceptability of an alternative, free and anonymous test available in different settings (on board a “Motor Home” at public events, Points of Care, STDs outpatient prevention units and GP surgeries). From December 2008 to December 2012 we performed 7,865 HIV saliva tests, with 50 new infections found (0.6% of the total) out of 140,000 informed subjects. From the self-reported characteristics of respondents, the population approaching the EAST test project was represented by males (70%) aged between 20 and 50 years, 61% with a medium-high education level, 62% homosexuals (MSM), 88% reported unsafe sexual behaviours, and 48% had never undergone an HIV screening test. In five years of the Prevention Program, 100% of subjects interviewed gave a general favorable consent in approaching rapid and not invasive screening, immediate return of the result, and a timely specialized approach and treatment of HIV positive subjects. Results from our study confirm that the rapid and alternative test may contribute to HIV prevention strategies and to the control of the spread of infection and HIV disease progression by reaching a larger population, particularly when and where regular screening procedures are difficult to obtain or are not preferred.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. parisi.mariarita@hsr.it
authors.forename: Maria Rita
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Soldini
authors.forename: Gianmarino
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vidoni
authors.forename: Felice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mabellini
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Belloni
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nozza
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brignolo
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Negri
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rusconi
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schlusnus
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dorigatti
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lazzarin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000523:psychology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies