title: Efficient drug-delivery using magnetic nanoparticles--biodistribution and therapeutic effects in tumour bearing rabbits.
abstract: To treat tumours efficiently and spare normal tissues, targeted drug delivery is a promising alternative to conventional, systemic administered chemotherapy. Drug-carrying magnetic nanoparticles can be concentrated in tumours by external magnetic fields, preventing the nanomaterial from being cleared by metabolic burden before reaching the tumour. Therefore in Magnetic Drug Targeting (MDT) the favoured mode of application is believed to be intra-arterial. Here, we show that a simple yet versatile magnetic carrier-system (hydrodynamic particles diameter <200nm) accumulates the chemotherapeutic drug mitoxantrone efficiently in tumours. With MDT we observed the following drug accumulations relative to the recovery from all investigated tissues: tumour region: 57.2%, liver: 14.4%, kidneys: 15.2%. Systemic intra-venous application revealed different results: tumour region: 0.7%, liver: 14.4 % and kidneys: 77.8%. The therapeutic outcome was demonstrated by complete tumour remissions and a survival probability of 26.7% (P=0.0075). These results are confirming former pilot experiments and implying a milestone towards clinical studies.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This team of investigators studied drug carrying nanoparticles for magnetic drug targeting (MDT), demonstrating the importance of intra-arterial administration resulting in improved clinical outcomes in the studied animal model compared with intra-venous.
authors.affiliation: ENT-Department, Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Section for Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tietze
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lyer
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dürr
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Struffert
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Engelhorn
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eckert
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Göen
authors.forename: Serhiy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vasylyev
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peukert
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wiekhorst
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trahms
authors.forename: Arnd
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dörfler
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alexiou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010316:Particle Size; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008942:Mitoxantrone
keywords: Cancer; Drug delivery; Magnetic drug targeting; SPIONs; Tumour therapy