title: Effects of age and symptomatology on cortical thickness in autism spectrum disorders.
abstract: Several brain regions show structural and functional abnormalities in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but the developmental trajectory of abnormalities in these structures and how they may relate to social and communicative impairments are still unclear. We assessed the effects of age on cortical thickness in individuals with ASD, between the ages of 7 and 39 years in comparison to typically developing controls. Additionally, we examined differences in cortical thickness in relation to symptomatology in the ASD group, and their association with age. Analyses were conducted using a general linear model, controlling for sex. Social and communication scores from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) were correlated with the thickness of regions implicated in those functions. Controls showed widespread cortical thinning relative to the ASD group. Within regions-of-interest, increased thickness in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex was associated with poorer social scores. Additionally, a significant interaction between age and social impairment was found in the orbitofrontal cortex, with more impaired younger children having decreased thickness in this region. These results suggest that differential neurodevelopmental trajectories are present in individuals with ASD and some differences are associated with diagnostic behaviours.
authors.affiliation: Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, Ontario, M4G 1R8, Canada.
authors.forename: Krissy A R
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Doyle-Thomas
authors.forename: Emma G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Duerden
authors.forename: Margot J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Jason P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lerch
authors.forename: Latha V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Soorya
authors.forename: A Ting
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hollander
authors.forename: Evdokia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anagnostou
keywords: Autism spectrum disorders; Cortical thickness; Developmental changes; Social impairment; Structural MRI