title: Pathogenesis of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis: what do we learn?
abstract: Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a life-threatening disease with a poor prognosis. In this review, the pathogenesis of RPGN owing to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated crescentic glomerulonephritis and anti-GBM diseases is discussed. By the model of nephrotoxic nephritis, T cells, dendritic cells and toll-like receptors are involved in podocyte activation and parietal epithelial cell proliferation which contribute to the crescent formation and glomerular injury. Furthermore, growth factors and Goodpasture autoantigen are also involved in the onset of the disease. In the study of ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis, the role of lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-2 and neutrophil extracellular traps is well studied. However, the role of LAMP-2 in the disease pathogenesis remains uncertain. We hope this review can help us to further understand the pathogenesis of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Yong-Xi
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D019867:Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease / Q000209:etiology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D052119:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2; D051907:Lysosomal Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D050199:Podocytes / Q000502:physiology; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C497811:LAMP2 protein, human; D052119:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2; D051907:Lysosomal Membrane Proteins; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors