title: The first New Zealanders: patterns of diet and mobility revealed through isotope analysis.
abstract: Direct evidence of the environmental impact of human colonization and subsequent human adaptational responses to new environments is extremely rare anywhere in the world. New Zealand was the last Polynesian island group to be settled by humans, who arrived around the end of the 13th century AD. Little is known about the nature of human adaptation and mobility during the initial phase of colonization. We report the results of the isotopic analysis (carbon, nitrogen and strontium) of the oldest prehistoric skeletons discovered in New Zealand to assess diet and migration patterns. The isotope data show that the culturally distinctive burials, Group 1, had similar diets and childhood origins, supporting the assertion that this group was distinct from Group 2/3 and may have been part of the initial colonizing population at the site. The Group 2/3 individuals displayed highly variable diets and likely lived in different regions of the country before their burial at Wairau Bar, supporting the archaeological evidence that people were highly mobile in New Zealand since the initial phase of human settlement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. rebecca.kinaston@otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: Rebecca L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kinaston
authors.forename: Richard K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jacomb
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tayles
authors.forename: Sian E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Halcrow
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stirling
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spinks
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fyfe
authors.forename: Hallie R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Buckley
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D004032:Diet; D063426:Human Migration; D006801:Humans; D009520:New Zealand