title: Levels of erythropoietin and vascular endothelial growth factor in surgery-required advanced neovascular glaucoma eyes before and after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate changes of levels of erythropoietin (EPO) and VEGF in aqueous humor before and after an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) and determine the underlying correlation between them.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study involved 21 eyes of 21 patients with surgery-required advanced neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and 20 control subjects from October 2011 through November 2012. The NVG eyes received the IVB treatment before antiglaucomatous surgery. Aqueous humor was collected at the time of the IVB injection (pre-IVB) and at the time of antiglaucomatous surgery (post-IVB). Aqueous humor and plasma VEGF and EPO levels were measured with ELISA and chemiluminescence methods, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean aqueous humor EPO and VEGF concentrations in pre-ivb eyes were significantly higher than those of the control subjects (p 0.001), whereas plasma levels showed no significant difference. There was a statistically significant correlation between the aqueous humor epo and the VEGF concentration (R = 0.612; P = 0.003). The mean aqueous humor VEGF in post-ivb eyes dramatically decreased from 1704.83 757.82 TO 19.02 14.65 PG/ML (P 0.001). However, EPO remained almost the same: 326.60 ± 104.28 compared with 312.67 ± 103.23 mU/mL (P = 0.675).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NVG eyes showed high aqueous EPO and VEGF levels, and there was a positive correlation between them. However, levels of EPO did not change after post-IVB, whereas those of VEGF decreased.
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Minwen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Shida
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Xiulan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015355:Glaucoma, Neovascular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D004921:Erythropoietin; D000068258:Bevacizumab
keywords: erythropoietin; intravitreal injection of bevacizumab; neovascular glaucoma; vascular endothelial growth factor