title: Interaction between dietary marine-derived n-3 fatty acids intake and J-point elevation on the risk of cardiac death: a 24-year follow-up of Japanese men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Higher marine-derived n-3 fatty acids (MDn3FAs) intake reduces the risk of sudden cardiac death via antiarrhythmic effects. The article evaluates whether MDn3FAs intake attenuates the increased risk of cardiac death associated with J-point elevation (JPE), characterised by an elevation of QRS-ST junction (J-point) ≥0.1 mV on electrocardiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective population-based cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The National Survey on Circulatory Disorders and the National Nutrition Survey of Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 4348 community-dwelling men (mean age 49.3 years), without cardiovascular diseases at baseline, from randomly selected areas across Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiac death (200 men) during the 24-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dietary MDn3FAs intake was assessed using a dietary method to estimate individual intake of household-based weighed food records for 3 days. Cox models were used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs adjusted for possible confounding factors. JPE was present in 340 participants (7.8%). The median daily intake of MDn3FAs was 0.35%kcal (0.92 g/day). The risk of cardiac death was significantly higher in participants with JPE than in those without JPE in the low intake group (<0.35%kcal; adjusted HR 3.51; 95% CI 1.84 to 6.73; p<0.001), but not in the high intake group (≥0.35%kcal; adjusted HR 1.09; 95% CI 0.56 to 2.16; p=0.795). The interaction between dietary MDn3FAs intake and JPE on the risk of cardiac death was statistically significant (p=0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased risk of cardiac death associated with JPE may be attenuated by higher dietary MDn3FAs intake.
authors.affiliation: Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan. hisataka@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hisamatsu
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fujiyoshi
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyagawa
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kadota
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.forename: Nagako
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Katsushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshita
authors.forename: Yoshikuni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okayama
authors.forename: Hirotsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueshima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys / Q000379:methods*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3