title: A literature review on optimum and preferred joint angles in automotive sitting posture.
abstract: In this study, a survey of the scientific literature in the field of optimum and preferred human joint angles in automotive sitting posture was conducted by referring to thirty different sources published between 1940 and today. The strategy was to use only sources with numerical angle data in combination with keywords. The aim of the research was to detect commonly used joint angles in interior car design. The main analysis was on data measurement, usability and comparability of the different studies. In addition, the focus was on the reasons for the differently described results. It was found that there is still a lack of information in methodology and description of background. Due to these reasons published data is not always usable to design a modern ergonomic car environment. As a main result of our literature analysis we suggest undertaking further research in the field of biomechanics and ergonomics to work out scientific based and objectively determined "optimum" joint angles in automotive sitting position.
authors.affiliation: BMW Group, Forschungs- und Innovationszentrum, Ergonomie und Komfort, Knorrstraße 147, 80788 Munich, Germany. Electronic address: susanne.s.schmidt@bmw.de.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amereller
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franz
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: Ansgar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwirtz
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001336:Automobiles; D001827:Body Height; D004867:Equipment Design; D006804:Ergonomics; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Automotive; Joint angles; Optimum sitting posture