title: Left ventricular hypertrophy detected by echocardiography in HIV-infected patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a predictor of overall mortality in the general population. The most sensitive diagnostic method is transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). In this study, we describe the prevalence of LVH, and the factors associated with it, in a group of patients with HIV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  TTE was offered to all patients attending the outpatient clinic of the Hospital Costa del Sol (Marbella, Spain) between 1 December 2009 and 28 February 2011. The corresponding demographic and clinical data were obtained. The left ventricular mass (LVM) was calculated and indexed by height(2.7). LVH was defined as LVM >48g/m(2.7) in men or >44g/m(2.7) in women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined 388 individuals (75.5% male, mean age 45.38years). Of these, 76.1% were receiving HAART; 11.9% had hypertension, 6.2% had diabetes mellitus, 23.2% had dyslipidaemia and 53.6% were tobacco users. The risk of cardiovascular disease at 10years (RV10) was 12.15% (95%CI: 10.99-13.31%). 19.1% of these patients had a high RV10. A total of 69 patients (19.8%) presented high LVM. Age, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, RV10 and the use of nevirapine were associated with a greater presence of LVH in the univariate analysis. In the logistic regression analysis performed, the factors retained in the model were the presence of high RV10 (OR: 2.92, 95%CI: 1.39-6.15) and the use of nevirapine (OR 2.20, 95%CI: 1.18-4.14).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this group of patients, the use of nevirapine and the presence of high RV10 were associated with LVH. The use of nevirapine might be related to its prescription for patients with higher RV10.
authors.affiliation: Área de Cardiología, Agencia Hospitalaria Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pombo
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olalla
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Arco
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De La Torre
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Urdiales
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Prada
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Alegría
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Mateas
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000480:Alkynes; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002219:Carbamates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005663:Furans; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061466:Lopinavir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068698:Tenofovir; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000480:Alkynes; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D048588:Benzoxazines; D002219:Carbamates; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005663:Furans; D010755:Organophosphates; D063065:Organophosphonates; D013449:Sulfonamides; C558899:lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination; D061466:Lopinavir; D019259:Lamivudine; D015215:Zidovudine; D019829:Nevirapine; D000068698:Tenofovir; D000225:Adenine; C098320:efavirenz; D019438:Ritonavir; C426859:fosamprenavir
keywords: Echocardiography; HIV; Hypertrophy; Left ventricular