title: Seasonal variation in glycoconjugates of the pedal glandular system of the rayed Mediterranean limpet, Patella caerulea (Gastropoda: Patellidae).
abstract: Glycoconjugates secreted by the pedal system of the rayed limpet, Patella caerulea, were characterised in situ by histochemical and lectin-histochemical methods in individuals collected around the annual cycle, in November, March, and June. Stainings with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue pH 2.5 (AB pH 2.5), Alcian blue pH 1.0 (AB pH 1.0), high-iron diamine-Alcian blue pH 2.5 and lectin binding assays with 9 lectins (Con A, WGA, succinylated-WGA, PNA, DBA, SBA, AAA, UEA-I, LTA) were performed. Four secreting cell types were observed in the sole, one in the peripheric region, and two in the sidewall. Glycoconjugate composition varied among cell types and also in one and the same cell type throughout the year. β-Elimination followed by PAS and AB pH 2.5 stainings indicated that most saccharidic chains were O-linked to the protein backbone. Secretion by sole and peripheric region was acidic, carboxylated and/or sulfated, whereas that of the sidewall was neutral. Glucosaminylated and 1,4-fucosylated residuals were predominant in the cell types along the year, 1,2-fucosylated residuals being observed only in the sidewall cells in June. Mannosylated and/or glycosylated residuals were observed in all cells mostly in November. Galactosylated/galactosaminylated residuals were present mostly in the sidewall cells and in the sole subepidermal mucocytes in June. Mannosylated and/or glycosylated residuals in November are probably linked to gonad maturation or to higher locomotion and foraging activity, whereas galactosaminylation in the sole cells and 1,2-fucosylation and glucosaminylation in the sidewall cells in June are linked to a prolonged stationary state, increasing water adsorption to counteract dehydration and/or to modulate microbial interactions.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy. petra.ag@gmail.com
authors.forename: Agnese
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petraccioli
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maio
authors.forename: Fabio Maria
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Guarino
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scillitani
mesh_terms: D000423:Alcian Blue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000378:metabolism*; D006001:Glycoconjugates / Q000378:metabolism*; D006031:Glycosylation; D007211:Indoles / Q000378:metabolism; D007558:Italy; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010503:Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D006001:Glycoconjugates; D007211:Indoles; D037102:Lectins; D011134:Polysaccharides; C055829:high iron diamine-alcian blue; D000423:Alcian Blue