title: Vitamin D and insulin resistance in non-diabetic women's interagency HIV study participants.
abstract: We explored the relationship between vitamin D levels and insulin resistance (IR) among 1082 nondiabetic (754 HIV-infected) women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV study (WIHS), a large and well-established cohort of HIV infected and uninfected women in the US. Vitamin D levels 20-29 ng/mL were considered insufficient and <20 ng/mL deficient. IR was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and a clinically significant cut-off ≥2.6 was used for HOMA-IR. In the unadjusted analysis, women who were vitamin D insufficient or deficient were 1.62 (95% CI: 1.01-2.61, p=0.05) and 1.70 (95% CI: 1.11-2.60, p=0.02) times more likely to have HOMA values≥2.6 compared to women with sufficient vitamin D. The association did not remain significant after adjustment for factors associated with IR. Among the 754 HIV-infected women, current PI use (OR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.13-2.28, p=0.008) remained independently associated with HOMA ≥2.6 while vitamin D insufficiency (OR 1.80, 95% CI: 0.99-3.27, p=0.05) was marginally associated with HOMA ≥2.6 after adjustment. Ethnicity, body mass index, smoking status, and hepatitis C status were independently associated with insulin resistance in HIV-infected and uninfected women. We found a marginally significant association between vitamin D insufficiency and insulin resistance among nondiabetic HIV-infected WIHS women.
authors.affiliation: CORE Center and John H. Stroger Hospital, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Oluwatoyin_adeyemi@rush.edu
authors.forename: Oluwatoyin M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Adeyemi
authors.forename: Britt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Livak
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orsi
authors.forename: Marshall J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Glesby
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Villacres
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Anjali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Golub
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Mardge
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Phyllis C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Tien
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D014807:Vitamin D