title: Transanal irrigation and intestinal transit time in children with myelomeningocele.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Myelomeningocele (MMC), among others functions, affects colorectal motility and bowel emptying, and often leads to constipation, faecal incontinence, or a combination of both. We investigated the benefits of transanal irrigation (TI) in children with MMC through the radiological study of intestinal transit time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients aged 4 to 17 years with chronic constipation secondary to MMC resistant to conventional treatment were treated with transanal irrigation. The patients took radiopaque markers on three consecutive days. Seventy-two hours after ingestion of the first markers, the patients received abdominal X-rays before and after TI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The abdominal X-ray carried out before and after the procedure revealed a significant improvement in the progression of the intestinal bolus. The reduction in the number of markers present in the intestinal lumen after the procedure was significant (from 30±7.37 to 10.62±6.29, t=6.4323, P=0.0344).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with bowel dysfunction secondary to MMC resistant to conventional treatments, TI has proven to be safe and effective in promoting intestinal emptying showing an improvement of the progression of the intestinal bolus.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Surgery, Naples, Italy. antonio.marte@yahoo.it
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marte
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borrelli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003248:Constipation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D019841:Defecography / Q000379:methods; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000150:complications*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome