title: Evaluation of four biodegradable, injectable bone cements in an experimental drill hole model in sheep.
abstract: Four cement applications were tested in this investigation. Two dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD-brushite) hydraulic cements, an apatite hydraulic fiber loaded cement, and a calcium sulfate cement (Plaster of Paris) were implanted in epiphyseal and metaphyseal cylindrical bone defects in sheep. The in vivo study was performed to assess the biocompatibility and bone remodeling of four cement formulations. After time periods of 2, 4, and 6 months, the cement samples were clinically and histologically evaluated. Histomorphometrically, the amount of new bone formation, fibrous tissue, and bone marrow and the area of remaining cement were measured. In all specimens, no signs of inflammation were detectable either macroscopically or microscopically. Cements differed mainly in their resorption time. Calcium sulfate was already completely resorbed at 2 months and showed a variable amount of new bone formation and/or fibrous tissue in the original drill hole over all time periods. The two DCPD cements in contrast were degraded to a large amount at 6 months, whereas the apatite was almost unchanged over all time periods.
authors.affiliation: University of Zurich, Switzerland. bvonrechenberg@vetclinics.uzh.ch
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: von Rechenberg
authors.forename: Oliver R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Génot
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nuss
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Galuppo
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fulmer
authors.forename: Evan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kronen
authors.forename: Kati
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zlinszky
authors.forename: Jörg A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Auer
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D017849:Animals, Inbred Strains; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000293:injuries / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004838:Epiphyses / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000517:prevention & control; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D034561:Sheep, Domestic; D012995:Solubility; D013997:Time Factors; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C496047:Norian SRS Cement; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; C494366:calcium phosphate, dibasic, dihydrate; D002133:Calcium Sulfate
keywords: Bone cements; Bone substitute; Calcium phosphate cements; Injectable cements; Synthetic cements