title: Actinomycosis pelvic abscess after in vitro fertilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of pelvic actinomycosis presenting as large, multiloculated abscesses after an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle for male factor infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case report and literature review.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 31-year-old nulligravid woman presenting with urinary retention, pelvic pain, and fever 6 days after transvaginal oocyte retrieval and an embryo transfer for male factor infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intravenous and oral antimicrobial therapy, and computed tomography (CT)-guided drainage of pelvic abscesses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and radiologic resolution of symptoms and infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CT scan revealed several large, multiloculated pelvic and tuboovarian abscesses. The patient defervesced after 6 days of intravenous antibiotics, but the pelvic pain did not improve. After CT-guided drainage of the pelvic abscesses, the patient's symptoms improved. The drained material was cultured, and the patient was diagnosed with pelvic actinomycosis tuboovarian abscesses, an infrequent cause of tuboovarian abscess and a rare complication of assisted reproductive technology (ART). The patient was switched from intravenous to oral antibiotics and discharged home.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pelvic Actinomyces israelii presenting as pelvic abscesses may occur as a rare complication of ART. Physicians should consider a diagnosis of tuboovarian abscess in a patient reporting fever and pelvic pain after IVF and embryo transfer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. oasemota@montefiore.org
authors.forename: Obehi A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Asemota
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Girda
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dueñas
authors.forename: Genevieve
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Neal-Perry
authors.forename: Staci E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Pollack
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D000328:Adult; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D010388:Pelvis / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Actinomyces israelii; assisted reproductive technology; in vitro fertilization; transvaginal ultrasound guided oocyte retrieval; tuboovarian abscess