title: A Rome III survey of functional dyspepsia among the ethnic Malays in a primary care setting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study aimed to survey for FD in a primary care setting in a population known to have an extremely low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, with the hypothesis that in such a population, dyspepsia should have been relatively less common.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Rome III FD Diagnostic Questionnaire was translated into the Malay language and later tested for reliability. A prospective cross-sectional survey was then performed involving 160 Malay patients attending primary care clinic after informed consent. Patients positive for symptoms of FD were subjected to upper endoscopy and exclusion of H. pylori infection. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to test for associated risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The back-translated questionnaire was similar to the original English version and was reliable (Cronbach Alpha-coefficient 0.85). Of the 160 surveyed subjects, 19 of them (11.9%) had symptoms of FD. With exclusion of erosive diseases (3/160 or 1.9%) from endoscopy, 16 subjects or 10% had FD. None of the 19 subjects were positive for H. pylori infection. Epigastric pain syndrome was present in 11/16 (68.8%) and the rest, overlap with postprandial distress syndrome. With multivariable analysis, a married status (OR = 8.1; 95% CI 1.0-36.5) and positive psychosocial alarm symptoms (OR = 3.8; 95% CI 1.0-14.0) were associated with FD. Of those married subjects, females were more likely to have FD and psychosocial symptoms than men (6.3% vs. 1.9%), P = 0.04.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FD was more common than one had expected among Malays attending primary care clinic in an area with low prevalence of H. pylori.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. justnleeyy@gmail.com
authors.forename: Yeong Yeh
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Noriza
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wahab
authors.forename: Nazri
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mustaffa
authors.forename: Norwati
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Daud
authors.forename: Noorhayati
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohd Noor
authors.forename: Juwita
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shaaban
authors.forename: Andrew Seng Boon
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Chua
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult