title: [Effects and mechanisms of platycladi cacumen carbonisatum on rats with blood-heat and hemorrhage syndrome].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss the effect and mechanism of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisatum (PCC) on rats with blood heat and hemorrhage syndromes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were fed with 15 g x kg(-1) water decoctions of Zingiberis Rhizoma and 5% alcohol for 15 days to establish the blood-heat and hemorrhage syndrome model. Yunnan Baiyao was taken as the positive control drug, and PCC decoctions (5.0, 10.0 g x kg(-1)) were given simultaneously, in order to detect changes in general physical signs of rats, such as body weight, daily diet, volume of daily drinking and urine and stool, and rectal temperature. Automatic hematology analyzers was used to determine white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and hematocrit (HCT), blood time by docking (BT). Blood rheometers was used to detect whole blood and plasma viscosities, thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and fibrinogen content (FIB). Indexes related to thyroid functions, such as triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured by radio-immunoassay, and changes in lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After modeling, rats witnessed slow-down in weight growth rate, significant increase in daily diet, volume of daily drinking, urine and temperature, significant decrease in stools and their water content (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), rise in plasma T4 level, notable growth in T3 and rT3 concentrations (P < 0.05), decline in TSH concentration. Additionally, their WBC, RBC, HGB and HCT remarkably increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), with significant increase in high, middle and low whole blood viscosities and plasma viscosity (P < 0.01); their BT, TT, APTT were notably prolonged (P < 0.01), with significant increase in FIB content (P < 0.01). After oral administration of Yunnan Baiyao or PCC, rats of all groups showed significant improvement in blood heat syndromes (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and their blood coagulation indexes including BT, TT, APTT, FIB, thyroid function indexes including T4, T3, rT3, TSH, WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity were getting normal (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCC can ameliorate blood heat symptoms and pathologic hemorrhage among rats with blood heat and hemorrhage syndromes by inhibiting thyroid functions and correcting hemorheological and coagulation disorders.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China. njuliujia@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying-Zhi
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: An-Wei
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ming-Qiu
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Wei-Feng
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D001809:Blood Viscosity / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D029779:Cupressaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013577:Syndrome; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D013963:Thyroid Hormones