title: Training to be an historian of anesthesia: options at universities in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a lack of training opportunities explains the finding that few anesthesia historians have obtained formal training in history.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A list of 128 medical schools within the United States (U.S.) was obtained from the Association of American Medical Colleges and information about graduate programs in history, history of science, and history of medicine was gathered. Editorial board members of journals affiliated with professional associations in history, history of science, and history of medicine were also queried.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We were unable to identify any U.S. institution that offered graduate training in history of anesthesia, while only a handful offered such training in history of medicine. As a result, individuals wishing to pursue doctoral training in history of medicine often enroll in programs devoted to history of science, but with an emphasis on medicine. The vast majority of affiliated universities offer doctoral programs in history. We identified programs that may be considered centers of excellence based on affiliations of editorial board members.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Graduate training in history of anesthesia is currently unavailable, and specific opportunities in history of medicine are quite limited. Individuals wishing to obtain formal training in history of anesthesia need to enroll in a history of science or history of medicine program, and choose a research topic in history of anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: East Chapel Hill High School, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
authors.forename: Karishma R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: sdesai@partners.org.
authors.forename: Sukumar P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Desai
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000193:education*; D003625:Data Collection; D006666:History of Medicine; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012577:Schools, Medical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States
keywords: Anesthesia; Anesthesiologists; History of anesthesiology; History of medicine; History of science