title: The BAFF/APRIL system: emerging functions beyond B cell biology and autoimmunity.
abstract: The BAFF system plays a key role in the development of autoimmunity, especially in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This often leads to the assumption that BAFF is mostly a B cell factor with a specific role in autoimmunity. Focus on BAFF and autoimmunity, driven by pharmaceutical successes with the recent approval of a novel targeted therapy Belimumab, has relegated other potential roles of BAFF to the background. Far from being SLE-specific, the BAFF system has a much broader relevance in infection, cancer and allergy. In this review, we provide the latest views on additional roles of the BAFF system in health and diseases, as well as an update on BAFF and autoimmunity, with particular focus on current clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Monash University, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct (AMREP), 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia. fabien.vincent@monash.edu
authors.forename: Fabien B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saulep-Easton
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Figgett
authors.forename: Kirsten A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fairfax
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mackay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000503:physiopathology; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology; D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D053301:B-Cell Maturation Antigen / Q000502:physiology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000503:physiopathology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy; D010272:Parasitic Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053303:Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein / Q000502:physiology; D014181:Transplantation Immunology / Q000502:physiology; D053300:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13 / Q000502:physiology*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: C573858:AMG623 peptibody; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor; D053301:B-Cell Maturation Antigen; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C108467:TNFRSF13B protein, human; D053303:Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein; D053300:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13; C511911:belimumab; C524618:TACI receptor-IgG Fc fragment fusion protein; C575974:tabalumab
keywords: A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL); ACR; ALL; ANA; APRIL; American College of Rheumatology; Autoimmunity; B cell activating factor from the TNF family; B cell activating factor from the tumor necrosis factor family (TNF) (BAFF); B cell maturation antigen; B cell receptor; BAFF; BAFF-R; BAFF-receptor; BCMA; BCR; BOS; CIDP; CLL; CNS; CVID; Cancer; DCs; EBV; ECP; EULAR; Epstein–Barr virus; European League Against Rheumatism; FDA; Food and Drug Administration; GC; HIV; HSCT; HSPGs; ICOS; IFN; IL; Ig; LN; MMF; MS; MTX; MVECS; MZ; MyD88; NK; NZB; NZW; New-Zealand black; New-Zealand white; NgR; Nogo-66 receptor; PC; PFS; RF; RSV; SAEs; SCF; SLE; SLE Disease Activity Index; SLEDAI; SNPs; SS; Sjögren's syndrome; Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); T-helper; TACI; TGF-β; TLR; TNF; Tg; Th; Treg; a proliferation inducing ligand; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; anti-nuclear autoantibodies; bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome; cGVHD; central nervous system; chronic graft versus host disease; chronic lymphocytic leukemia; chronic-inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy; common variable immunodeficiency; dentritic cells; double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid; dsDNA; extracorporeal photopheresis; germinal center; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; heparan sulfate proteoglycans; human immunodeficiency virus; immunoglobulin; inducible costimulatory; interferon; interleukin; lupus nephritis; mRNA; marginal zone; messenger ribonucleic acid; methotrexate; microvacular endothelial cells; multiple sclerosis; mycophenolate mofetil; myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88; natural killer; plasma cell; progression-free survival; regulatory T cells; respiratory syncytial virus; rheumatoid factor; serious adverse events; single nucleotide polymorphisms; stem cell factor; systemic lupus erythematosus; toll-like receptor; transforming growth factor-β; transgenic; transmembrane activator and cyclophilin ligand interactor; tumor necrosis factor