title: Alcohol mixed with energy drinks: are there associated negative consequences beyond hazardous drinking in college students?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) is prevalent among college students as is hazardous drinking, a drinking pattern that places one at risk for alcohol-related harm. The present study, therefore, examined associations between AmED use, hazardous drinking, and alcohol-related consequences in college students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on a probability sample conducted in 2010, participants were 606 undergraduate students aged 18-25. AmED consumption included lifetime and past year use. Hazardous drinking and alcohol-related consequences were measured during the past year. Point prevalence was used to estimate rates of AmED use, and chi-square, ANOVA, and logistic regression were used to examine associations between AmED use, hazardous drinking, and alcohol-related consequences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lifetime and past year AmED use prevalence rates were 75.2% and 64.7%, respectively. Hazardous drinkers who engaged in AmED use were significantly more likely than past year hazardous drinkers who did not engage in AmED use to have had unprotected sex (OR=2.35, CI 1.27-4.32).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AmED use appears to be highly prevalent among college students, and AmED use may confer additional risk for unprotected sex beyond hazardous drinking. Unprotected sex has implications for public health, and students who drink hazardously and consume AmED may be at greater risk.
authors.affiliation: Center for Addiction and Behavioral Health Research, Helen Bader School of Social Welfare, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2400 E. Hartford Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA. lberger@uwm.edu
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fendrich
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fuhrmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D061215:Energy Drinks / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014495:Universities; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult