title: First molecular-based detection of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major in Iran.
abstract: Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, which mostly occurs in the New World, is mainly associated with Leishmania braziliensis and to a lesser degree L. panamensis and L. amazonensis infections. Primary mucosal leishmaniasis is very rare in Iran in spite of high prevalence of cutaneous and visceral leishmanisis. A nine-year-old boy had cutaneous leishmaniaisis for five years involving the left side of his face; he then developed swelling and ulceration of the lip and left side buccal mucosa five months before hospital admission. He had severe swelling of the lower lip and there was ulceration and bleeding of the buccal mucosa. Direct smear revealed leishman bodies and nested PCR confirmed the presence of kinetoplast DNA of L. major in the oral mucosal specimen. The patient received amphotericin B deoxycholate 1 mg/kg/day for one month. The lip and face inflammatory reaction disappeared to nearly normal after one month of therapy. The patient was discharged with ketoconazole (5mg/kg/day) for six weeks. To our knowledge, this is the first report of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. major in Iran.
authors.affiliation: Professor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. alborziiraj2004@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Abdolvahab
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alborzi
authors.forename: Gholam R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Pouladfar
authors.forename: Abdolkarim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghadimi Moghadam
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Attar
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Drakhshan
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khosravi Maharlooei
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalantari
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D018105:DNA, Kinetoplast / Q000235:genetics; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007897:Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D018105:DNA, Kinetoplast; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D000666:Amphotericin B