title: Biomechanical parameters of the BP-enriched bone cement.
abstract: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are well-known substances with very efficient antiresorptive properties. Their beneficial actions are useful not only in achieving better bone mineral density but also in improving bone microarchitecture, strength and, consequently, its quality. Surgical cement, being a polymer composite, is required to be highly biocompatible and biotolerant. The goal of the presented study was to assess whether the enrichment of cement with pamidronate has changed its biomechanical properties. We compared the biomechanical parameters of clean bone cement and BP-enriched bone cement, which were both used formerly in our rat models. Biomechanical properties of BP-enriched bone cement are defined by two basic terms: stress and strain, which are caused by the influence of external force. In the investigatory process of the bone's biomechanical parameters, the compressive test and the three-point flexural tests were used. During the three-point flexural investigation, the sample was supported at both ends and loaded in the middle, resulting in a flexure. After a specific range of flexure, the sample was fractured. In obtained results, there were no significant differences in the values of the stress determined at the point of maximal load and the energy stored in the samples for proportional stress-strain limit (elastic region). There were also no significant differences in the density of the samples. The study shows that the enrichment of bisphosphonates causes yielding of the bone cement material. In the presented data, we conclude that use of pamidronate implanted in bone cement did not have a detrimental effect on its biomechanical properties. Therefore, the obtained results encouraged us to perform further in vivo experiments which assess the biomechanical properties of bones implanted with BP-enriched bone cement.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Clinic, Medical University of Lublin, Ul. Chodźki 2, 21-093, Lublin, Poland, lukasz.matuszewski@am.lublin.pl.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Matuszewski
authors.forename: Grażyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Olchowik
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mazurkiewicz
authors.forename: Bartłomiej
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zdrojewska
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matuszewska
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciszewski
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gospodarek
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morawik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015519:Bone Density; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D019245:Compressive Strength; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004548:Elasticity; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D000077268:Pamidronate; D051381:Rats; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D016474:Weight-Bearing
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D000077268:Pamidronate