title: Clinicopathologic characteristics of STAT1 positive/interleukin-8 negative subgroup in triple negative breast cancer defined by surrogate immunohistochemistry.
abstract: The aim of this study was to define immune-related triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) using immunohistochemistry for STAT1, CD20, CD3, IL-8, and IFN-γ and to assess its clinicopathologic characteristics.
  
  
  
  Tissues from 133 cases of TNBC were used for a tissue microarray. Expression of STAT1, CD20, CD3, IL-8, and IFN-γ were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of the tissue microarrays. Immune-related type was defined as TNBC which was positive for STAT1 and negative for IL-8. A separate assessment of IL-8 and STAT1 status in tumor and stroma compartment was used to further classify immune-related type into tumor-based and stroma-based immune-related TNBC.
  
  
  
  Stroma-based, immune-related TNBC showed a significantly smaller central acellular zone (p=0.043), more lymphocytic infiltration (p⟨0.001), higher CD20 index (p=0.001), and higher CD3 index (p=0.018) than stroma-based, non-immune-related TNBC. IL-8 was independently associated with shorter disease-free survival (Hazard ratio: 3.804, 95% CI: 1.234-11.729, p=0.020) and shorter overall survival (Hazard ratio: 3.434, 95% CI: 1.132-10.414, p=0.029).
  
  
  
  Immune-related proteins such as STAT1, IFN-γ, IL-8, and CD20 were variably expressed in TNBCs. Stroma-based, immune-related TNBC (when positive for stromal STAT1 and negative for stromal IL-8) showed significantly higher lymphocytic infiltration including both CD3 positive T cell and CD20 positive B cell.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sewha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Do Hee
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Woo-Hee
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Ja Seung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Koo
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008875:Middle Aged; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016209:Interleukin-8; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human