title: Comparing primary tumors and metastatic nodes in head and neck cancer using intravoxel incoherent motion imaging: a preliminary experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to use intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging for investigating differences between primary head and neck tumors and nodal metastases and to evaluate IVIM efficacy in predicting outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients with head and neck cancer underwent IVIM diffusion-weighted imaging on a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The significance of parametric difference between primary tumors and metastatic nodes were tested. Probabilities of progression-free survival and overall survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison with metastatic nodes, the primary tumors had significantly higher vascular volume fraction (f) (P < 0.0009) and lower diffusion coefficient (D) (P < 0.0002). Patients with lower SD for D had prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pretreatment IVIM measures were feasible in investigating the physiologic differences between the 2 tumor tissues. After appropriate validation, these findings might be useful in optimizing treatment planning and improving patient care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Yonggang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jacobus F A
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Hilda E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Stambuk
authors.forename: Gaorav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mithat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonen
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Yousef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mazaheri
authors.forename: Snehal G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Joseph O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Deasy
authors.forename: Jatin P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Amita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shukla-Dave
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis