title: Current status of diagnostic methods for henipavirus.
abstract: Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) are the causative agents of emerging transboundary animal disease in pigs and horses. They also cause fatal disease in humans. NiV has a case fatality rate of 40 - 100%. In the initial NiV outbreak in Malaysia in 1999, about 1.1 million pigs had to be culled. The economic impact was estimated to be approximately US$450 million. Worldwide, HeV has caused more than 60 deaths in horses with 7 human cases and 4 deaths. Since the initial outbreak, HeV spillovers from Pteropus bats to horses and humans continue. This article presents a brief review on the currently available diagnostic methods for henipavirus infections, including advances achieved since the initial outbreak, and a gap analysis of areas needing improvement.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamin
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Rota
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055032:Electron Microscope Tomography; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D045403:Henipavirus; D045464:Henipavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology