title: Late maternal hypothyroidism alters the expression of Camk4 in neocortical subplate neurons: a comparison with Nurr1 labeling.
abstract: Maternal thyroid hormones (THs) are essential for normal offspring's neurodevelopment even after onset of fetal thyroid function. This is particularly relevant for preterm children who are deprived of maternal THs following birth, are at risk of suffering hypothyroxinemia, and develop attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Expression of neocortical Ca(2+)/calmodulin kinase IV (Camk4), a genomic target of thyroid hormone, and nuclear receptor-related 1 protein (Nurr1), a postnatal marker of cortical subplate (SP) cells, was studied in euthyroid fetuses and in pups born to dams thyroidectomized in late gestation (LMH group, a model of prematurity), and compared with control and developmentally hypothyroid pups (C and MMI groups, respectively). In LMH pups, the extinction of heavy Camk4 expression in an SP was 1-2 days delayed postnatally compared with C pups. The heavy Camk4 and Nurr1 expression in the SP was prolonged in MMI pups, whereas heavy Camk4 and Nurr1 expression in layer VIb remains at P60. The abnormal expression of Camk4 in the cortical SP and in layer VIb might cause altered cortical connectivity affecting neocortical function.
authors.affiliation: Department Histology and Anatomy, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.affiliation: Department Histology and Anatomy, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz 91100, México.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alvarado
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morte
authors.affiliation: Department Histology and Anatomy, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berbel
authors.affiliation: Department Histology and Anatomy, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sesma
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz 91100, México.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morreale de Escobar
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bernal
authors.affiliation: Department Histology and Anatomy, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berbel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054734:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D019579:Neocortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D057126:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C539884:Nr4a2 protein, rat; D057126:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2; D054734:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4; C517686:Camk4 protein, rat
keywords: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; developmental neurological diseases; hypothyroxinemia; preterm encephalopathy; schizophrenia