title: Effects of orange juice and hesperetin on serum paraoxonase activity and lipid profile in hyperuricemic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypouricemic, antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects of orange juice and hesperetin have been already indicated. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of orange juice and hesperetin on paraoxonase and arylesterase activity and lipid profile of hyperuricemic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty eight male Wistar rats were divided into 8 equal groups of healthy control, healthy+orange juice, healthy+hesperetin, healthy+allopurinol, hyperuricemic control, hyperuricemic+orange juice, hyperurice-mic+hesperetin and hyperuricemic+allopurinol. Hyperuricemia was induced using potassi-um oxonate (250 mg/kg ip). The treatments were carried out by daily gavage of 5 ml/kg orange juice, 5 mg/kg hesperetin and 5 mg/kg allopurinol for 2 weeks. Paraoxonase activi-ty in serum was measured spectrophotometrically using paraoxon and phenylacetate as substrates. Serum lipids levels were determined using enzymatic colorimetric methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hyperuricemia-induced reduction of paraoxonase and arylesterase activity was restored after treatment with orange juice and hesperetin (p<0.05). The effect of both treatments on lipid profile was marginal and only orange juice could significantly increase the levels of HDL-C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation of orange juice and hesperetin could restore paraoxonase and arylesterase activity in hyperuricemic rats. Orange juice could also partially improve the lipid profile. These effects could have major implications with respect to the prevention of cardiovascular disease in hyperuricemic patients. However, more studies are needed in future investigations.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Para-medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Haidari
authors.forename: Mohammad-Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rashidi
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammad-Shahi
keywords: Antioxidant; Hesperetin; Hyperuricemia; Lipid Profile; Orange Juice; Paraoxonase Activity