title: Pregnant women's perception on signs and symptoms during pregnancy and maternal health care in a rural low-resource setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Women's understanding of pregnancy and antenatal care is influenced by their cultural context. In low-income settings women may have limited influence over their reproductive health, including when to seek health care. Awareness of signs of pregnancy complications is essential for timely care. The use of antenatal care services in Vietnam has been studied with quantitative methods but there are few qualitative studies on the perceptions of pregnancy and maternal health care among Vietnamese women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four focus group discussions with pregnant women were performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in a rural district in northern Vietnam.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant women in the last trimester.
  
  
  METHODS
  Manifest and latent content analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The latent theme that emerged was a need for "securing pregnancy during its normal course and at deviation", consisting of the main categories "ensuring a healthy pregnancy" and "separating the normal from the abnormal".
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This qualitative study of pregnant women in rural Vietnam indicates how women create a strategy to promote a healthy pregnancy through lifestyle adjustments, gathering of information, and seeking timely medical care. Insight into pregnancy-related conditions was sought from various sources and influenced both by local traditions and modern medical knowledge. Public knowledge about different symptoms during pregnancy and a high confidence in maternal health care are the most likely contributing factors to the relatively good maternal health status in Vietnam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. sofie.graner@karolinska.se
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Graner
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klingberg-Allvin
authors.forename: Le Quyen
authors.initials: le Q
authors.lastname: Duong
authors.forename: Gunilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krantz
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mogren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008427:Maternal Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008429:Maternal Welfare; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010465:Perception; D011203:Poverty; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012423:Rural Health; D012424:Rural Population; D014744:Vietnam; D014930:Women
keywords: Pregnancy; Vietnam; content analysis; focus group discussions; maternal health care; qualitative research