title: PA-824 , moxifloxacin and pyrazinamide combination therapy for tuberculosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  New treatment regimens are urgently required for tuberculosis (TB). The existing four-drug regimen for TB is > 20 years old, with multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB on the increase.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recently, the first novel potential combination TB treatment regimen for both drug-sensitive and MDR TB incorporating a new nitroimidazole compound, PA-824 , was investigated in a Phase II proof-of-concept clinical trial. This article reviews the rationale for this novel study, discusses the development strategy for PA-824 and highlights the study findings and its implications for future development of this regimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expert opinion will be offered on the utility of this new multicomponent treatment regimen. We will highlight how this study informs the development pathway for future novel TB regimens and explore the PA-824, moxifloxacin (MOX) and pyrazinamide combination as a first step towards developing a single treatment regimen for both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant diseases.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit Head, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Centre for Tuberculosis Research Innovation, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa. rodney.dawson@uct.ac.za
authors.forename: Rodney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diacon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004338:Drug Combinations; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D009593:Nitroimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011718:Pyrazinamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; D011804:Quinolines; C410767:pretomanid; D011718:Pyrazinamide; D000077266:Moxifloxacin