title: The neglected role of histamine in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by beta-amyloid plaques accumulation and cognitive impairment. Both environmental factors and heritable predisposition have a role in AD. Histamine is a biogenic monoamine that plays a role in several physiological functions, including induction of inflammatory reactions, wound healing, and regeneration. The Histamine mediates its functions via its 4 G-protein-coupled Histamine H1 receptor (H1R) to histamine H1 receptor (H4R). The histaminergic system has a role in the treatment of brain disorders by the development of histamine receptor agonists, antagonists. The H1R and H4R are responsible for allergic inflammation. But recent studies show that histamine antagonists against H3R and regulation of H2R can be more efficient in AD therapy. In this review, we focus on the role of histamine and its receptors in the treatment of AD, and we hope that histamine could be an effective therapeutic factor in the treatment of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Naddafi
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirshafiey
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006632:Histamine / Q000502:physiology*; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000276:immunology; D011968:Receptors, Histamine / Q000276:immunology*; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000276:immunology; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2 / Q000276:immunology; D018100:Receptors, Histamine H3 / Q000276:immunology; D000074040:Receptors, Histamine H4
chemical_list: C418607:HRH4 protein, human; D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011968:Receptors, Histamine; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2; D018100:Receptors, Histamine H3; D000074040:Receptors, Histamine H4; D006632:Histamine
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; histamine; histamine H1 receptor; histamine H2 receptor