title: Emerging moxifloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis isolates in South India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe temporal trends in Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to moxifloxacin in keratitis isolates from South India.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Steroids for Corneal Ulcers Trial (SCUT) was a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial assessing outcomes in patients with culture positive bacterial corneal ulcers randomized to receive prednisolone phosphate or placebo. All patients received moxifloxacin, and susceptibility to moxifloxacin was measured at baseline using Etest. We investigated trends in moxifloxacin susceptibility of P. aeruginosa during 2007, 2008, and 2009 isolated in SCUT in South India.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 89 P. aeruginosa isolates during 2007, 2008, and 2009 in SCUT that were eligible for this study. There was an increase in the proportion of resistant isolates from 19% in 2007 to 52% in 2009 (p = 0.02, χ(2) test for trend). Logistic regression showed that there was a 2-fold increase in odds of resistance per 1 year increase during the study period (odds ratio 2.16, 95% confidence interval 1.09-4.26, p = 0.027).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a sharp increase in the proportion of isolates that were resistant to moxifloxacin from 2007 to 2009. Further work needs to be done to characterize the nature of this increase.
authors.affiliation: Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Oldenburg
authors.forename: Prajna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lalitha
authors.forename: Muthiah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: Revathi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rajaraman
authors.forename: Meenakshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ravindran
authors.forename: Jeena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mascarenhas
authors.forename: Durga S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Borkar
authors.forename: Kathryn J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Zegans
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.forename: Travis C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Porco
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lietman
authors.forename: Nisha R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Acharya
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging; D003315:Cornea / Q000382:microbiology; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011804:Quinolines; C009022:prednisolone phosphate; D011239:Prednisolone; D000077266:Moxifloxacin