title: Treatment notes: objective measures of language style point to clinical insights.
abstract: Application of a computerized text analysis procedure is proposed that has the potential for use by psychoanalytic and psychodynamic clinicians: the systematic examination of linguistic style as reflected by clinicians in their ongoing process and case notes, which are ubiquitous in the mental health field. The studies reported here are, as far as is known, the first attempts to study treatment notes systematically using such procedures. Linguistic measures are used to track the trajectory of the clinical process throughout the treatment in two contrasting cases, one rated successful, the other not. The computerized linguistic analysis used here focuses on two analytically relevant linguistic variables: Mean High Referential Activity (MHW), a measure of the degree to which language is connected to emotional processing, and Reflection (REF), the use of words referring to logical functions. Changes in the relative position of these measures indicate nodal points in the treatment that might be analytically or therapeutically problematic, and that might be overlooked in a solely clinical reading. The analyst's activity as reported in notes during such nodal periods is clinically examined to see how it may have affected the course of the analysis. This method has the potential for use in ongoing treatments, and may help clinicians refine their interventions.
authors.affiliation: Pacella Parent Child Center, New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute, USA. hoffman.leon@gmail.com
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Algus
authors.forename: Will
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Wilma
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bucci
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maskit
mesh_terms: D001364:Awareness; D004644:Emotions; D006801:Humans; D008037:Linguistics; D008499:Medical Records; D009323:Natural Language Processing; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011573:Psychoanalytic Interpretation; D011575:Psychoanalytic Therapy; D012984:Software