title: Verrucarin A, a protein synthesis inhibitor, induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and T47D.
abstract: Verrucarin A (VA), a protein synthesis inhibitor, derived from the pathogen fungus Myrothecium verrucaria, inhibits growth of leukemia cell lines and activates caspases and apoptosis and inflammatory signaling in macrophages. We have investigated VA-induced growth inhibition in breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and T47D and, particularly, the mechanism of VA-induced apoptosis. VA treatment brought about apoptotic cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner which was associated with chromatin condensation, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation and intracellular ROS production. Mitochondrial membrane depolarization, activation of caspase-3, down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression and up-regulation of Bax and p53 expression were observed. VA thus affects the viability of both the breast cancer cells by triggering ROS-mediated intrinsic mechanism of apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India. palani.btech9927@gmail.com
authors.forename: Kandasamy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Palanivel
authors.forename: Veerasamy
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kanimozhi
authors.forename: Balamuthu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kadalmani
authors.forename: Mohammad Abdulkader
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Akbarsha
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000737:chemistry; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D014255:Trichothecenes; C005348:muconomycin A