title: In-home monitoring of older adults with vision impairment: exploring patients', caregivers' and professionals' views.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a conceptual framework for the design of an in-home monitoring system (IMS) based on the requirements of older adults with vision impairment (VI), informal caregivers and eye-care rehabilitation professionals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concept mapping, a mixed-methods statistical research tool, was used in the construction of the framework. Overall, 40 participants brainstormed or sorted and rated 83 statements concerning an IMS for older adults with VI. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis were employed to construct the framework. A questionnaire yielded further insights into the views of a wider sample of older adults with VI (n=78) and caregivers (n=25) regarding IMS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concept mapping revealed a nine-cluster model of IMS-related aspects including affordability, awareness of system capabilities, simplicity of installation, operation and maintenance, system integrity and reliability, fall detection and safe movement, user customization, user preferences regarding information delivery, and safety alerts for patients and caregivers. From the questionnaire, independence, safety and fall detection were the most commonly reported reasons for older adults and caregivers to accept an IMS. Concerns included cost, privacy, security of the information obtained through monitoring, system accuracy, and ease of use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older adults with VI, caregivers and professionals are receptive to in-home monitoring, mainly for fall detection and safety monitoring, but have concerns that must be addressed when developing an IMS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study provides a novel conceptual framework for the design of an IMS that will be maximally acceptable and beneficial to our ageing and vision-impaired population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Melanie Frances
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Larizza
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zukerman
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bohnert
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Busija
authors.forename: Sharon Ann
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bentley
authors.forename: R Andrew
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Gwyneth
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rees
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017216:Telemedicine; D014786:Vision Disorders
keywords: In-home monitoring; assistive technology; elderly; in-home monitoring system (IMS); vision impairment