title: [Effect of prescriptions replenishing vital essence, tonifying Qi and activating blood on TNF-alpha, IL-1beta expressions in serum and submaxillary gland of NOD mice with Sjogren's syndrome].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe effect of prescriptions replenishing vital essence, tonifying Qi and activating blood on expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-IP (IL-1beta) in serum and submaxillary gland of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with Sjogren's syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two NOD mice were divided into four groups at random: the model group, the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group, the hydroxychloroquine group, the TCM and western medicine (WM) group, with 8 mice in each group. Eight Balb/C mice were taken as the normal normal control group. The TCM group was orally administered with 0.4 mL decoction replenishing vital essence, tonifying Qi and activating blood (100 g x kg(-1)) everyday; the hydroxychloroquine group were given 0.4 mL hydroxychloroquine (60 mg x kg(-1)) everyday; the TCM WM group were given 0.4 mL decoction, replenishing vital essence tonifying Qi and activating blood (50 g x kg(-1)) and hydroxychloroquine (60 mg x kg(-1)) everyday. Mice were sacrificed after eight weeks, and their arterial blood and tissues of submaxillary gland were collected. The levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta in serum were detected by ELISA. Expressions of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta protein in submaxillary gland were detected by immunohisto-chemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with other groups, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta in serum and submaxillary gland in the model group were higher (P < 0.05). The normal group showed lower serum TNF-alpha level than other groups (P < 0.05), but without statistical significance compared with the TCM group. IL-1beta in serum in the TCM group and the TCM WM group were lower than that of the hydroxychloroquine group (P < 0.05), but without statistical significance compared with the normal group. TNF-alpha protein expression in the TCM group and the TCM WM group showed no significant difference compared with the normal group, whereas the TCM WM group were notably lower than that of the hydroxychloroquine group (P < 0.05). IL-1beta expression in the TCM WM group showed no significant difference compared with the normal group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The decoction replenishing vital essence, tonifying Qi and activating blood can decrease the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta in serum and submaxillary gland of NOD mice with Sjogren's syndrome. It may improve pathological damage of submaxillary gland by regulating Th1/Th2 cell factors, in order to achieve the therapeutic effect on SS.
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Lin
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tian-Yi
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xing-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: Guo-You
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006886:Hydroxychloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D011897:Random Allocation; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D006886:Hydroxychloroquine