title: [Effectiveness of free flaps in repair of hot-crush injury in dorsum of hand].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of free flaps in repairing hot-crush injury in the dorsum of hand.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between February 2003 and February 2012, 32 cases of hot-crush injuries in the dorsum of hand were repaired. There were 25 males and 7 females with an average age of 24 years (range, 16-45 years). The injury causes included machine crush injury in 9 cases, machine-press injury in 13 cases, and iron panel injury in 10 cases. The time from injury to admission ranged from 90 minutes to 8 hours (mean, 3 hours). The wound size ranged from 6 cm x 5 cm to 17 cm x 11 cm. Associated injuries included the extensor tendon necrosis in 12 cases, and the second metacarpal bone necrosis in 1 case. One-stage emergency debridement was performed in all cases; two-stage flap repair was given at 7-21 days when the necrotic area became determined. The dorsalis pedis flaps were used in 9 cases, the anterolateral thigh flaps in 9 cases, the latissimus dorsi flaps in 3 cases, the thoraco-umbilical flaps in 3 cases, and the lower abdominal flaps in 8 cases. The flap size ranged from 7 cm x 5 cm to 18 cm x 16 cm. The donor site was repaired by skin graft or sutured directly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the flaps survived. Primary healing of wound was obtained in 25 cases and delayed healing in 7 cases. Skin graft at donor site survived, with healing of incision by first intention. Twenty-three cases were followed up 6-25 months (mean, 13 months). Thinning was carried out in 8 bulky flaps; the other flaps had good appearance and texture. At last follow-up, the range of motion (ROM) of the metacarpophalangeal joint ranged from 40 to 80 degrees (mean, 58 degrees); ROM of the proximal interphalangeal joint ranged from 35 to 70 degrees (mean, 52 degrees); and ROM of the distal interphalangeal joint ranged from 5 to 25 degrees (mean, 12 degrees). The sensation recovery of the flaps were more than S2. No scar formed at donor site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Suitable free flap should be selected to repair hot-crush injury in the dorsum of hand according to size of wound, which will achieve satisfactory results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hand Surgery, Ruihua Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou liangsu, 215104, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ruixing
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Tianliang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Yuefei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Jihui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ju
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D003646:Debridement; D005260:Female; D005383:Finger Injuries / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D058752:Free Tissue Flaps; D006085:Graft Survival; D006230:Hand Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008662:Metacarpophalangeal Joint / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing; D055815:Young Adult