title: Television viewing and abdominal obesity in women according to smoking status: results from a large cross-sectional population-based study in Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the associations between television viewing and abdominal obesity (AO) in Brazilian women, according to smoking status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of 13,262 adult women (18-49 years) from the 2006's Demographic Health Survey, a cross-sectional household study with complex probabilistic sample and national representativeness, were analyzed. AO, defined as waist circumference ≥ 80.0 cm, was the outcome. Television viewing frequency (≥ 5 times/week, 1-4 times/week, < 1 time/week) was the main exposure variable, and smoking status (yes or no) the main co-variable. Prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression models separately for smokers and non-smokers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant interaction term was observed between smoking status and television viewing (p < 0.05). Prevalence of AO among smokers who reported television viewing ≥ 5 times/week amounted to 59.0%, higher than the 35.0% for those with < 1 time/week television viewing (p-value = 0.020). The values for non-smokers were 55.2% and 55.7%, respectively. Smokers with television viewing ≥ 5 times/week were 1.7 times (95% CI: 1.1 - 2.5) more likely to pre-sent AO, compared to those who reported a frequency < 1 time/week. There was no significant association among non-smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Television viewing ≥ 5 times/week may increase the prevalence of AO among women who smoke. More detailed information on media use, as hours per day, may offer better estimates.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Taísa Rodrigues
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.forename: Michael Maia
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Schlussel
authors.forename: Ana Beatriz
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Franco-Sena
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rebelo
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kac
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000453:epidemiology*; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013690:Television / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult