title: Nanocavities at the surface of three-dimensional photonic crystals.
abstract: We investigate nanocavities at the surface of three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals, where the polarization-independent surface-mode gap can be utilized. We consider the formation of various nanocavities by introducing artificial defects utilizing the 3D structures around the surface and discuss the possibilities for increasing the Q-factors of the surface nanocavities with TE-like polarization based on the advanced designs of donor-type defects. We also introduce the design of acceptor-type defects and show that TM-like nanocavities are obtained. We then fabricate the designed nanocavities and examine their resonant characteristics; we successfully demonstrate TE-like nanocavities with Q-factors of ~40,000, which is four-times higher than previous surface cavities and as high as that of the cavities embedded inside 3D photonic crystals. TM-like nanocavities with Q-factors of ~22,000 are also demonstrated for the first time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. ishizaki@qoe.kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishizaki
authors.forename: Kou
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gondaira
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Katsuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noda
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017785:Photons; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013499:Surface Properties