title: Biotechnological production and applications of microbial phenylalanine ammonia lyase: a recent review.
abstract: Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) catalyzes the nonoxidative deamination of l-phenylalanine to form trans-cinnamic acid and a free ammonium ion. It plays a major role in the catabolism of l-phenylalanine. The presence of PAL has been reported in diverse plants, some fungi, Streptomyces and few Cyanobacteria. In the past two decades, PAL has gained considerable significance in several clinical, industrial and biotechnological applications. Since its discovery, much knowledge has been gathered with reference to the enzyme's importance in phenyl propanoid pathway of plants. In contrast, there is little knowledge about microbial PAL. Furthermore, the commercial source of the enzyme has been mainly obtained from the fungi. This study focuses on the recent advances on the physiological role of microbial PAL and the improvements of PAL biotechnological production both from our laboratory and many others as well as the latest advances on the new applications of microbial PAL.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Fermentation Engineering of Hebei, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology , Shijiazhang , P R China .
authors.forename: Jian Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Ji Qing
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Xian Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Shi Ru
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Zhi Lei
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase
keywords: Activity; applications; biotechnological production; microbe; phenylalanine ammonia lyase; purification; stability