title: Aroclor 1254 induced oxidative stress and mitochondria mediated apoptosis in adult rat sperm in vitro.
abstract: Aroclor 1254, a commercial mixture of highly toxic environmental pollutant, is known to cause testicular toxicity. The present study was undertaken to delineate and elucidate the nature and the mechanism of action of Aroclor 1254 on rat sperm in vitro. Sperm of adult rat were incubated with 10(-9)M, 10(-8)M or 10(-7)M of Aroclor 1254 for 3h. Sperm motility was significantly decreased. Moreover, sperm viability, acrosome reaction and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were significantly decreased in a dose-related pattern. DNA integrity was significantly decreased at 10(-8)M and 10(-7)M of Aroclor 1254, while it did not show any significant change at 10(-9)M. Aroclor 1254 induced downstream events included cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation, in a dose-related manner. ATP content was decreased while protein carbonyl content was significantly increased in a dose-related manner. The oxidative stress status was also assessed. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were significantly increased in a dose-related pattern. The antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPx were significantly decreased, while at a concentration of 10(-9)M of Aroclor 1254, GR activity did not show any significant change. The non-enzymatic antioxidant (GSH) was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion; our data clearly show that Aroclor 1254 induces toxicity, oxidative stress and culminating in mitochondria mediated apoptosis in rat sperm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: hamdyaali@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hamdy A A
authors.initials: HAA
authors.lastname: Aly
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020111:Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) / Q000633:toxicity*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D020111:Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine); D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D045304:Cytochromes c; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: Apoptosis; Aroclor 1254; Oxidative stress; Sperm