title: Do tardive dyskinesia and L-dopa induced dyskinesia share common genetic risk factors? An exploratory study.
abstract: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) in schizophrenia patients treated with antipsychotic medications and L-dopa induced dyskinesia (LID) among Parkinson's disease (PD) affected individuals share similar clinical features. Both conditions are induced by chronic exposure to drugs that target dopaminergic receptors (antagonists in TD and agonists in LID) and cause pulsatile and nonphysiological stimulation of these receptors. We hypothesized that the two motor adverse effects partially share genetic risk factors such that certain genetic variants exert a pleiotropic effect, influencing susceptibility to TD as well as to LID. In this pilot study, we focused on 21 TD-associated SNPs, previously reported in TD genome-wide association studies or in candidate gene studies. By applying logistic regression and controlling for relevant clinical risk factors, we studied the association of the SNPs with LID vulnerability in two independent pharmacogenetic samples. We included a Jewish Israeli sample of 203 PD patients treated with L-dopa for a minimum of 3 years and evaluated the existence or absence of LID (LID+ = 128; LID- = 75). An Italian sample was composed of early LID developers (within the first 3 years of treatment, N = 187) contrasted with non-early LID developers (after 7 years or more of treatment, N = 203). None of the studied SNPs were significantly associated with LID susceptibility in the two samples. Therefore, we were unable to obtain proof of concept for our initial hypothesis of an overlapping contribution of genetic risk factors to TD and LID. Further studies in larger samples are required to reach definitive conclusions.
authors.affiliation: Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Lior
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Greenbaum
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldwurm
authors.forename: Polina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zozulinsky
authors.forename: Tzuri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lifschytz
authors.forename: Oren S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Gilad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yahalom
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cilia
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tesei
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asselta
authors.forename: Rivka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Inzelberg
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kohn
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hassin-Baer
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lerer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D007558:Italy; D007585:Jews; D007980:Levodopa / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D007980:Levodopa