title: Expression of MMP-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 in prostate carcinoma and their influence on prognosis and survival.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) participate in tumorigenesis, and their association with disease outcome is highly controversial. The present study investigates the influence of MMP-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 on different clinicopathologic variables and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with prostate carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hundred and forty-five cases are included in the study, and levels of MMP/TIMP expressions are assessed in three tissue compartments (i.e., tumor, stroma and normal glands) with immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression in tumor cells was associated with lower Gleason scores, pretreatment prostate-specific antigen levels and lower incidence of vascular, perineural and extracapsular invasions. Moreover, MMP-9 positivity and TIMP-2 expression in normal glands were correlated with lower Gleason patterns and early stage at presentation. Expression of MMP in tumor cells and the presence of TIMP-2 in normal glands were associated with better DFS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Variability of MMP/TIMP expressions from case to case makes it difficult to evaluate their impact on clinical outcome. However, these proteins might be new and promising targets for prostate cancer therapy in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, 34098 Kocamustafapasa/Istanbul, Turkey. ferhatnay@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ferhat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ozden
authors.forename: Caner
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saygin
authors.forename: Didem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Uzunaslan
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Onal
authors.forename: Haydar
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Durak
authors.forename: Hilal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C560823:TIMP2 protein, human; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C522360:MMP1 protein, human; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1