title: Orbital vicarious menstruation.
abstract: A 31-year-old African-American woman with a medical history of well-controlled hypertension sought treatment for recurrent, monthly, unilateral orbital and subconjunctival hemorrhage for 1 year. The episodes were cyclical and coincided with the timing of her menstrual cycle. Examination findings included right periorbital fullness and subconjunctival hemorrhage. Extensive serologic and radiographic workup ruled out other potential causes of recurrent orbital hemorrhage. The patient was diagnosed with orbital vicarious menstruation and treated with oral contraceptive pills, with marked clinical improvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Prachi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dua
authors.forename: Renelle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pointdujour
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Reich
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lazzaro
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shinder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003229:Conjunctival Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D019315:Retrobulbar Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D004967:Estrogens; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D016912:Levonorgestrel