title: The future of B cell-targeted therapies in Sjögren's syndrome.
abstract: Primary Sjögren's syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive exocrine gland destruction, resulting clinically in eyes and mouth dryness. To date, no treatment has been proven effective to modify the course of this slow-evolving disease. B cells are now considered to play a central role in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome because their functions are not restrained to antibody production. Thus, several B-cell targeting therapies are under clinical investigation. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody directed to CD20 and leading to transient blood B-cell depletion, has shown partial improvements in subjective and objective sicca symptoms in small studies. However, the results of two large controlled trials are awaited before considering its use in large populations of patients. Several other therapeutic strategies are being studied, targeting other B-cell surface proteins (epratuzumab and anti-CD22) or major cytokines of B-cell homeostasis (e.g., BAFF, IL-6 and lymphotoxin-β). Although great hope is generated by the trials of these specific therapies, another challenge for clinical researchers is the development of reliable tools to assess the activity of Sjögren's syndrome and its response to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, CHRU la Cavale Blanche, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Divi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cornec
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saraux
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Devauchelle-Pensec
authors.forename: Coralie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clodic
authors.forename: Jacques-Olivier
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Pers
mesh_terms: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018951:Antigens, CD20 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053265:B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology; D053308:Lymphotoxin-beta / Q000276:immunology; D000069283:Rituximab; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 / Q000276:immunology; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D018951:Antigens, CD20; D053265:B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053308:Lymphotoxin-beta; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2; C448700:epratuzumab; D000069283:Rituximab