title: Dual-console robotic surgery: a new teaching paradigm.
abstract: Robotic surgery has emerged as an alternative option in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. The development of the dual-console da Vinci Si Surgical System(®) has enabled modification of the training atmosphere. We sought to investigate operative times and surgical outcomes while operating with the dual-console model in a training environment for our first fifty cases. We identified the first fifty patients who underwent robot-assisted total hysterectomy (TRH), with or without bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO), with or without pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection (PPALND), by use of the dual-console robotic system. Records were reviewed for patient demographics and surgical details. All surgery was conducted using the dual-console system and performed by staff physicians and fellows. Operative time was calculated from robotic docking until completion of the procedure. Cases were identified from November 2009 through July 2010. Mean age was 56.2 years (SD 13.35, 95 % CI 52.46-59.86). Mean BMI was 29.5 (SD 7.67, 95 % CI 27.35-31.61). Seventy-eight percent of these patients were considered overweight, including 12 defined as obese (BMI 30-34.9) and 10 patients classified as morbidly obese (BMI ≥ 35). Surgery completed included PPALND alone (n = 1); radical hysterectomy (n = 1); TRH only (n = 3); TRH/BSO (n = 25); and TRH/BSO/PPALND (n = 20). Mean total operating room time was 188.8 min (SD 55.31, 95 % CI 173.45-204.11). Mean total surgical time for all cases was 118.1 min (SD 44.28, 95 % CI 105.87-130.41). Two vascular injuries were encountered, with one requiring conversion to laparotomy. These results compare favorably with historically reported outcomes from single-console systems. Utilizing the dual-console enables use of an integrated teaching and supervising environment without compromising operative times or patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
authors.forename: Ashlee L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Eirwen M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Krivak
authors.forename: Alexander B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Olawaiye
authors.forename: Tianjiao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Richard
keywords: Dual-console; Robotic surgery; Teaching program