title: Epidemiology of esophageal cancer in Yanting - regional report of a national screening programme in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Yanting in Sichuan Province is one of the highest risk areas of esophageal cancer (EC) in the world. We here summarize the epidemiology of EC in Yanting using data from the national screening programme during 2006-2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random cluster sampling was used to select a proportion of natural villages from six towns in Yanting, and residents aged 40-69 years old were invited for screening. Participants were screened using endoscopy with iodine staining and then confirmed by histological examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall detection rates of low-grade hyperplasia (LH), moderate hyperplasia (MH), high-grade hyperplasia (HH), carcinoma in situ (CIS), intramucosal carcinoma (IC) and invasive carcinoma (INC) were 5.33%, 1.28%, 0.68% , 0.15% , 0.06% and 0.29%, respectively. The detection rates of LH, MH, HH and INC increased with age, reaching the peak among those aged 60-65 years, and the prevalences of LH and MH were higher among men than among women. In addition, the detection rates of hyperplasia were much higher in mountainous than in hilly areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the high risk population, there are a great number of people with early-stage EC or precancerous conditions who do not have presenting symptoms. In particular, the elderly, men, or those living in mountainous areas are the most vulnerable population. It is therefore important to reinforce health education and screening services among such high risk populations.
authors.affiliation: Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jin-Chuan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: An-Rong
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing-Feng
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D004724:Endoscopy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis