title: Five-year follow-up of ocular deviation in bilaterally pseudophakic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate long-term ocular deviation in patients who had undergone implantation of a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) in both eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-eight patients with exophoria (average age, 68 ± 8 years; average axial length, 23.9 ± 0.9 mm) scheduled for bilateral phacoemulsification and monofocal IOL implantation were recruited. Before surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years after surgery, we assessed ocular deviation near stereopsis in patients wearing their normal spectacles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 5 years after surgery, near stereopsis had a median value of 50 arcsec and the mean stereopsis was 85.8 ± 101.8 arcsec; 85 patients (85%) had good stereopsis (ie, ≥100 arcsec). Of the total patients, 12.5% shifted from exophoria to intermittent strabismus or exotropia at near vision, and near stereopsis decreased. Most of them had a preoperative near exophoria angle of more than 12 prism diopters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In bilaterally pseudophakic patients with a near exophoria angle of more than 12 prism diopters, we should be concerned about the possibility of variations in ocular deviation and stereopsis after cataract surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan. pink417dj@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoshikawa
authors.forename: Misae
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kimiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003867:Depth Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D005099:Exotropia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D005139:Eyeglasses; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014792:Visual Acuity