title: Extending the Peters-Belson approach for assessing disparities to right censored time-to-event outcomes.
abstract: The Peters-Belson (PB) method was developed for quantifying and testing disparities between groups in an outcome by using linear regression to compute group-specific observed and expected outcomes. It has since been extended to generalized linear models for binary and other outcomes and to analyses with probability-based sample weighting. In this work, we extend the PB approach to right-censored survival analysis, including stratification if needed. The extension uses the theory and methods of expected survival on the basis of Cox regression in a reference population. Within the PB framework, among the groups to be compared, one group is chosen as the reference group, and outcomes in that group are modeled as a function of available predictors. By using this fitted model's estimated parameters, and the predictor values for a comparator group, the comparator group's expected outcomes are then calculated and compared, formally with testing and informally with graphics, with their observed outcomes. We derive the extension, show how we applied it in a study of incontinence in nursing home elderly, and discuss issues in implementing it. We used the 'survival' package in the R system to do computations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. lynn@biostat.umn.edu
authors.forename: Lynn E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Eberly
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Savik
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gurvich
authors.forename: Donna Z
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Bliss
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005006:Ethnicity; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Cox proportional hazards regression; Ederer estimate; log rank test; population survival