title: Gracilimonas rosea sp. nov., isolated from tropical seawater, and emended description of the genus Gracilimonas.
abstract: A Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, spore-forming, rod-shaped, marine bacterial strain, CL-KR2(T), was isolated from tropical seawater near Kosrae, an island in the Federated States of Micronesia. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CL-KR2(T) revealed a clear affiliation with the genus Gracilimonas. Based on phylogenetic analysis, strain CL-KR2(T) showed the closest phylogenetic relationship to Gracilimonas tropica CL-CB462(T), with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96.6 %. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain CL-KR2(T) and G. tropica CL-CB462(T) was 6.7 % (reciprocal 9.5 %). Strain CL-KR2(T) grew in the presence of 1-20 % sea salts and the optimal salt concentration was 3.5-5 %. The temperature and pH optima for growth were 35 °C and pH 7.5. The major cellular fatty acids (≥10.0 %) of strain CL-KR2(T) were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and iso-C17 : 1ω9c and the only isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid, two unidentified glycolipids and two unidentified lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CL-KR2(T) was 43.2 mol%. The combined phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data showed that strain CL-KR2(T) could be distinguished from the only member of the genus Gracilimonas with a validly published name. Thus, strain CL-KR2(T) should be assigned to a novel species in the genus Gracilimonas, for which the name Gracilimonas rosea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CL-KR2(T) ( = KCCM 90206(T) = JCM 18898(T)).
authors.affiliation: Microbial Oceanography Laboratory, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yirang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Microbial Oceanography Laboratory, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunwoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Microbial Oceanography Laboratory, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gwang Il
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan 426-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Han
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Marine Ecosystem Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan 426-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: Microbial Oceanography Laboratory, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Cheol
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D008849:Micronesia; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C062629:menaquinone 7