title: Aerobic biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by Bacillus cereus isolated from contaminated soil.
abstract: In this study, biological degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) which is very highly toxic environmentally and an explosive in nitroaromatic character was researched in minimal medium by Bacillus cereus isolated from North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) TNT-contaminated soils. In contrast to most previous studies, the capability of this bacteria to transform in liquid medium containing TNT was investigated. During degradation, treatment of TNT was followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and achievement of degradation was calculated as percentage. At an initial concentration of 50 and 75 mg L(-1), TNT was degraded respectively 68 % and 77 % in 96 h. It transformed into 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 4-aminodinitrotoluene derivates, which could be detected as intermediate metabolites by using thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Release of nitrite and nitrate ions were searched by spectrophotometric analyses. Depending upon Meisenheimer complex, while nitrite production was observed, nitrate was detected in none of the cultures. Results of our study propose which environmental pollutant can be removed by using microorganisms that are indigenous to the contaminated site.
authors.affiliation: The Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kilis 7 Aralık University, 79000, Kilis, Turkey, mersimek@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: H Aysun
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Mercimek
authors.forename: Sadık
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dincer
authors.forename: Gulcihan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guzeldag
authors.forename: Aysenur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozsavli
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Matyar
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014303:Trinitrotoluene / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014303:Trinitrotoluene