title: Expanded and revised gross motor function classification system: study for Chinese school children with cerebral palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Expanded and Revised Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS-ER) for cerebral palsy (CP) and to explore if there existed differences between parents and the other raters.
  
  
  METHODS
  The GMFCS-ER was translated into Chinese. Children with CP age 6 to 18 years from two special education schools were assessed by 6 physiatrists, 21 physiotherapists, 15 teachers and parents. Inter-rater reliability was analyzed with inter-rater correlation coefficients (ICC). Validity was assessed using Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) score as the criterion standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (SD) age of the 130 children (93 boys, 37 girls) was 11.5 (2.8) years. Overall ICCs ranged between 0.84 and 0.92. Reliabilities between physiatrists, physiotherapists and teachers (ICCs from 0.86 to 0.92) were higher than those between parents and the other raters (ICCs from 0.80 to 0.84) in 6-to-12 year age band. The overall correlation for criterion-related validity was -0.83.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Chinese version of the GMFCS-ER is a valid measure of functional ability in school children with CP and reliable enough for use by Chinese healthcare providers and parents. Effects of environmental and personal factors should be considered when practicing GMFCS-ER assessment. Implications for Rehabilitation Cerebral palsy. Research about GMFCS-ER is needed to promote a more extensive use of GMFCS-ER in China for school children with CP. The Chinese version of the GMFCS-ER is a valid measure of functional ability in school children with CP and reliable enough for use by Chinese healthcare providers. Effects of environmental and personal factors should be considered when performing the GMFCS-ER assessment.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai , China .
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chu-yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Mei-qin
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004519:Education, Special / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000145:classification*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D026761:Physical Therapy Specialty / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014177:Translations