title: Microendoscopic excision of C2 osteoid osteoma: a technical report.
abstract: METHODS
  Case report and description of technique.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe a microendoscopic posterior approach for excision of an osteoid osteoma of C2.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Microendoscopic techniques are widely used in the management of degenerative disorders of the spine. This is the first report of their use in the management of an osteoid osteoma via the posterior approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12-year-old-boy presented with left-sided neck pain of 3-month duration. Investigations revealed an osteoid osteoma of C2 lamina-lateral mass complex. The patient underwent a posterior microendoscopic excision using 18-mm diameter METRx system (Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Memphis, TN) of tubular retractors. A postoperative computed tomographic scan was done and preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scale and Neck Disability Index were evaluated. The patient was periodically followed up for 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The postoperative computed tomographic scan revealed complete excision of the tumor. The visual analogue scale score for neck pain improved from 3/5 (preoperative) to 0/5 (postoperative) and Neck Disability Index from 33.33 (preoperative) to 0 (postoperative) at 1-year follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microendoscopic techniques can be extended to excise lesions of the spine. It is a safe procedure in experienced hands. The advantages are minimal morbidity, minimal postoperative pain and discomfort, less analgesic dependence, and better cosmesis. The authors recommend this technique for accessible lesions involving the spine.
authors.affiliation: From the Mumbai Spine Scoliosis and Disc Replacement Centre, Bombay Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Arvind G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Abhilash N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Dhruv
authors.forename: Anupreet J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bassi
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D010017:Osteoma, Osteoid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*