title: Presurgical motivations, self-esteem, and oral health of orthognathic surgery patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate motivations, self-esteem, and oral health for undergoing orthognathic patients by gender in China before orthognathic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a prospective and control study design, 429 subjects in China were collected from December 2010 to May 2011. The patient group consisted of 210 consecutive healthy patients, and 219 young individuals comprised the control group. All the subjects filled out a questionnaire and were assessed by Self-esteem Scale and Oral Health Impact Profile validated for Chinese patients before surgery. To measure the discrepancy, the Student t test was computed. P <0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In China, major motivations for orthognathic surgery are to improve facial appearance (83.33%), occlusion (50%), and self-confidence (48.1%). Females expect to improve facial appearance (83.87%), self-confidence (43.55%), and occlusion (41.94%). Males are for the improvement of facial appearance (82.56%), occlusion (63.95%), and self-confidence (54.65%). Self-esteem in the patient group is obviously lower (P < 0.01). There is a significant difference of self-esteem in female groups (P < 0.01), but none in male groups. Statistically significant differences were observed on oral health between both sexes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) Special attention should be paid on patients' ethnic, economic, cultural, and social aspects. In Chinese orthognathic patients, improving facial appearance is the primary motivation. Self-confidence has been more frequently mentioned, while headache far less than other countries. (2) Female patients have less self-esteem than females in the control group. (3) Patients' oral health are worse than those in the control group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Dedong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Steve Guofang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002681:China; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D004522:Educational Status; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D017533:Marital Status; D009042:Motivation; D009909:Oral Health; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult