title: Assessment of in vitro cellular responses of monocytes and keratinocytes to tannic acid modified silver nanoparticles.
abstract: Hydrolyzable tannins are known to exhibit diverse biological effects, which can be used in combination with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In this study, we tested toxic and inflammatory properties of tannic-acid modified 13, 33, 46 nm and unmodified 10-65 nm AgNPs using murine 291.03C keratinocyte and RAW 264.7 monocyte cell lines. Both cell lines exposed for 24h to 1-10 μg/ml of 13 nm, 33 nm, 46 nm and unmodified AgNPs showed dose-dependent toxicity and decreased cell proliferation. Only small-sized AgNPs induced production of ROS by monocytes, but not keratinocytes. Monocytes internalized large aggregates of 33, 46 nm and 10-65 nm AgNPs in cytoplasmic vacuoles, whereas keratinocytes accumulated less particles. AgNPs of 13 nm were localized ubiquitously within both cell types. The tested AgNPs strongly down-regulated production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by monocytes, whereas keratinocytes exposed to AgNPs showed an opposite effect. Unmodified but not tannic acid-modified AgNPs increased production of the pro-inflammatory MCP-1 by monocytes and keratinocytes. In summary, low inflammatory potential and lack of ROS production by tannic-acid modified AgNPs sized above 30 nm suggests that tannic acid modification of large silver nanoparticles may help to increase AgNPs biosafety.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Orlowski
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krzyzowska
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zdanowski
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Winnicka
authors.forename: Julita
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nowakowska
authors.forename: Wanda
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Stankiewicz
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tomaszewska
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Celichowski
authors.forename: Jaroslaw
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grobelny
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009336:Necrosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013634:Tannins; D012834:Silver; D053453:Caspase 9
keywords: Keratinocytes; Monocytes; Silver nanoparticles; Tannic acid