title: Views and preferences for the implementation of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for single gene disorders from health professionals in the United Kingdom.
abstract: Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) will offer new options in prenatal diagnosis for carriers of single gene disorders. This will affect carrier couples and health professionals involved in prenatal care. The aim of this study was to determine health professional opinions on NIPD for single gene disorders to guide development of infrastructure required for implementation. A qualitative approach was adopted using focus groups (N = 17) and one-to-one interviews (N = 30) with health professionals from a range of backgrounds involved in caring for carriers of single gene disorders. Data were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. Participants were very positive about the introduction of NIPD, describing benefits arising from no risk of miscarriage, earlier testing and a simple procedure. A number of concerns for implementation were raised. Participants emphasized the need for the new test to be highly accurate and thoroughly validated. There was concern that people may not give as much thought to having a blood test compared to an invasive test or that it may be viewed as routine and as such NIPD may negatively impact on informed consent. In addition there was concern that the simplicity of a blood test may lead to increased pressure to test and terminate. However, participants felt these concerns could be overcome with thorough pre- and post-test counseling. To ensure high quality care, offering NIPD through genetics or other specialist services is essential. Ongoing education and training of health professionals will be important, and guidelines and regulation are needed for effective implementation.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK. melissa.hill@gosh.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Madhavi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karunaratna
authors.forename: Celine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Frida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forya
authors.forename: Lyn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chitty
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D006113:United Kingdom