title: Prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus by soluble (pro)renin receptor during the first trimester.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are currently no factors that have been shown to predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during early pregnancy. The soluble (pro)renin receptor [s(P)RR] may contribute to the development of GDM.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to determine whether plasma s(P)RR concentrations during early pregnancy are associated with the development of GDM later in pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective cohort study was conducted at a referral birth center. Pregnant women who first visited our hospital during the first trimester (<14 weeks of gestation) between 2010 and 2011 were enrolled. Inclusion criteria included singleton pregnancy and the absence of preexisting diabetes mellitus. A total of 716 women participated in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The association of plasma s(P)RR concentrations with the onset of GDM later in pregnancy was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 716 participants, 44 (6.1%) had GDM and 672 (93.9%) did not. There were 176 participants in the first plasma s(P)RR concentration quartile (Q1: < 25.8 ng/mL), 179 in the second (Q2: 25.8-30.2 ng/mL), 181 in the third (Q3: 30.2-34.2 ng/mL), and 180 in the fourth (Q4: > 34.2 ng/mL). GDM distribution was 7 (4.0%) in Q1, 5 (2.8%) in Q2, 13 (7.2%) in Q3, and 19 (10.6%) in Q4. A multivariate model adjusted for baseline characteristics, medical complications, and gestational characteristics revealed that the risk of developing GDM among women in Q4 compared with Q1 was 2.90 (95% confidence interval 1.11-7.49).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased s(P)RR concentrations during the first trimester may predict the development of GDM later in pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Tomo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sago
authors.forename: Atsuhiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ichihara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood*; D000093342:Prorenin Receptor
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000093342:Prorenin Receptor