title: Association between accommodative amplitudes and amblyopia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between amblyopia and accommodative ability.
  
  
  METHODS
  The open-field Grand Seiko binocular autorefractor has become the gold standard for automated measurement of static accommodation. We measured the accommodation amplitudes in 52 children ages 3 to 14 years employing the Grand Seiko auto refractor. Children wore their glasses for this test, which was prescribed based on a cycloplegic refraction performed by one pediatric ophthalmologist. No readings could be obtained for 9 eyes (5 patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Normal accommodation with correction utilizing full accommodative effort at 1/3 meter is 3D assuming no accommodative lag, and would generate a reading of -3.00D from the Grand Seiko auto refractor. Lack of any accommodative should give a reading of 0.00D. Accommodative gradually declined as the acuity worsened.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that amblyopic eyes do not accommodate as well as non-amblyopic eyes. Because accommodation amplitude is not subjective it may be a more sensitive indicator of regression of amblyopia than visual acuity. The Grand Seiko autorefractor could prove to be a useful tool to monitor the progress of patients with amblyopia.
authors.affiliation: Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Singman
authors.forename: Noelle
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matta
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silbert
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular; D000293:Adolescent; D000550:Amblyopia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004867:Equipment Design; D005139:Eyeglasses; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009184:Mydriatics