title: Pharmacokinetics of terbinafine after oral administration of a single dose to Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine pharmacokinetics after oral administration of a single dose of terbinafine hydrochloride to Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis).
  
  
  METHODS
  6 healthy adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single dose of terbinafine hydrochloride (60 mg/kg) was administered orally to each bird, which was followed immediately by administration of a commercially available gavage feeding formula. Blood samples were collected at the time of drug administration (time 0) and 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after drug administration. Plasma concentrations of terbinafine were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from 1 bird were discarded because of a possible error in the dose of drug administered. After oral administration of terbinafine, the maximum concentration for the remaining 5 fed birds ranged from 109 to 671 ng/mL, half-life ranged from 6 to 13.5 hours, and time to the maximum concentration ranged from 2 to 8 hours. No adverse effects were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Analysis of the results indicated that oral administration of terbinafine at a dose of 60 mg/kg to Amazon parrots did not result in adverse effects and may be potentially of use in the treatment of aspergillosis. Additional studies are needed to determine treatment efficacy and safety.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
authors.forename: Erika E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Lee C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Emery
authors.forename: Sherry K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Marcy J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Souza
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D046708:Amazona / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D006207:Half-Life; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000077291:Terbinafine
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009281:Naphthalenes; D000077291:Terbinafine