title: Calcium inhibits promotion by hot dog of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced mucin-depleted foci in rat colon.
abstract: Epidemiology suggests that processed meat is associated with colorectal cancer risk, but few experimental studies support this association. We have shown that a model of cured meat made in a pilot workshop promotes preneoplastic lesions, mucin-depleted foci (MDF) in the colon of rats. This study had two aims: to check if real store-bought processed meats also promote MDF, and to test if calcium carbonate, which suppresses heme-induced promotion, can suppress promotion by processed meat. A 14-day study was done to test the effect of nine purchased cured meats on fecal and urinary biomarkers associated with heme-induced carcinogenesis promotion. Fecal water from rats given hot dog or fermented raw dry sausage was particularly cytotoxic. These two cured meats were thus given to rats pretreated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, to evaluate their effect on colorectal carcinogenesis. After a 100-days feeding period, fecal apparent total N-nitroso compounds (ATNC) were assayed and colons were scored for MDF. Hot dog diet increased fecal ATNC and the number of MDF per colon compared with the no-meat control diet (3.0 ± 1.7 vs. 1.2 ± 1.4, p < 0.05). In a third study, addition of calcium carbonate (150 µmol/g) to the hot dog diet decreased the number of MDF/colon and fecal ATNC compared with the hot dog diet without calcium carbonate (1.2 ± 1.1 vs. 2.3 ± 1.4, respectively, p < 0.05). This is the first experimental evidence that a widely consumed processed meat promotes colon carcinogenesis in rats. It also shows that dietary prevention of this detrimental effect is possible.
authors.affiliation: Université de Toulouse, ENVT, INRA, UMR1331 ToxAlim, BP-87614, 23 Ch. des Capelles, F-31076, Toulouse, France; IFIP-Institut Français du Porc, 149 rue de Bercy, F-75595, Paris Cedex 12, France.
authors.forename: Raphaelle L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Santarelli
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Naud
authors.forename: Sylviane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taché
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guéraud
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vendeuvre
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Muhammad M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.forename: Sidney S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mirvish
authors.forename: Denis E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Corpet
authors.forename: Fabrice H F
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Pierre
mesh_terms: D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006418:Heme / Q000378:metabolism*; D008460:Meat / Q000633:toxicity; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D009077:Mucins; D006418:Heme; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; D002118:Calcium
keywords: calcium; colorectal cancer; preneoplastic lesions; prevention; processed meat