title: Arachnoiditis ossificans after revision adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery: a 22-year follow-up and review.
abstract: METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report the clinical and imaging findings of a patient with arachnoiditis ossificans (AO) 22 years after revision surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  To our knowledge, there are no reports in the literature that describe AO developing after primary or revision surgery for AIS. Ararchnoiditis ossificans is a rare finding and we provide a review of its presentation and management.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the patient's history, physical examination, radiographical findings, and management in addition to providing a literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 43 year-old-male who underwent revision surgery for AIS due to intradural migration of a laminar hook presented 22 years after surgery with subjective leg weakness. On physical examination, no weakness was elicited and radiographs demonstrated the instrumentation to be intact. Computed tomographic imaging was performed to assess for adjacent segment disease and diffuse ossification or AO of the thecal sac from L3 to S1 was noted. We recommended observation and nonoperative management because the patient's symptoms were relatively mild.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first report of AO after surgical management of primary or revision AIS. A discussion on the management of AO and a literature review is presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Wajeeh R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Bakhsh
authors.forename: Addisu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mesfin
authors.forename: Keith H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Bridwell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001100:Arachnoiditis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000639:trends; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome