title: Biomaterials selectively modulate interactions between human blood-derived polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes.
abstract: Implantation of a biomaterial into the body elicits a host foreign body response, during which polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and then monocytes (MCs) are recruited to the site of implantation. MCs and MC-derived macrophages are central players in this response because they secrete proinflammatory and/or pro-wound-healing cytokines and growth factors that influence subsequent healing events. Although mechanisms of MC response to biomaterials are often studied in in vitro monoculture models, few studies have investigated how biomaterials modulate PMN-MC paracrine and juxtacrine interactions. To address this, we cultured human blood-derived MCs alone or in the presence of autologous PMN-conditioned medium (PCM) on poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels, poly(dimethyl siloxane), and tissue culture polystyrene. We also directly co-cultured autologous PMNs and MCs on these biomaterials. PCM increased MC adhesion/viability and expression of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in a biomaterial- and time-dependent manner when compared with MCs that were not cultured in PCM. There were also biomaterial- and time-dependent differences in cell adhesion/viability, apoptosis, and expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in the PMN-MC direct co-cultures when compared with the sums of these activities in PMN and MC monocultures. In conclusion, these data suggest that biomaterials selectively modulate PMN-MC paracrine and juxtacrine interactions to influence MC and/or PMN adhesion/viability, apoptosis, and cytokine expression.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Hannah C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Evan J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Joyce
authors.forename: W John
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019899:Paracrine Communication / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D016207:Cytokines