title: microRNAs: Promising Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets of Acute Myocardial Ischemia.
abstract: microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules that act as negative regulators of gene expression, are involved in a wide range of biological functions and control several cellular processes. This review illustrates miRNA regulation and function in tissue response to acute ischemia, focusing on miRNA role in acute myocardial infarction and describing a subset of miRNAs de-regulated upon cardiac ischemia. These miRNAs may represent "master ischemic" miRNAs, playing a pathogenetic role in one of the different components of tissue response to ischemia. Moreover, circulating miRNAs correlated to myocardial infarction and examples of miRNA involvement in ischemic diseases different from cardiac ischemia are also discussed. The identification of specific miRNAs as key regulators of cell biology has opened new clinical avenues, and may allow new diagnostic and/or prognostic tools development, as much as innovative therapeutic strategies. Two paradigmatic reports, in which miRNAs have been targeted to improve cardiac function in pre-clinical models of myocardial infarction, are described in detail and confirmed the efficacy of these strategies.
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fasanaro
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: D'Alessandra
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magenta
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pompilio
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Patologia Vascolare, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167, Rome, Italy. capogrossi@idi.it.
authors.forename: Maurizio C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Capogrossi
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D035683:MicroRNAs