title: The cytotoxic evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioaggregate in the subcutaneous connective tissue of rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxic effects of ProRoot MTA and DiaRoot BA, a bioceramic nanoparticulate cement, on subcutaneous rat tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty Sprouge Dawley rats were used in this study. Polyethylene tubes filled with ProRoot MTA and DiaRoot BioAggregate, along with a control group of empty, were implanted into dorsal connective tissue of rats for 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days. After estimated time intervals the rats were sacrificed. The specimens were fixed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and then evaluated under a light microscope for inflammatory reactions and mineralization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All groups evoked a severe to moderate chronic inflammatory reaction at 7 and 15 days, which decreased with time. Both the MTA and BioAggregate groups showed similar inflammatory reactions, except at 90 days when MTA showed statistically significant greater inflammation (p>0.05). The MTA group showed foreign body reaction at all times. Compared to BioAggregate, MTA showed significantly more foreign body reaction at 60 and 90 days (p<0.0001). After 30 days foreign body reaction of BioAggregate decreased significantly. Both MTA and BioAggregate groups showed similar necrosis at 7 and 15 days (p=0.094 and p=0.186 respectively). No necrosis was observed after 15 days. Similarly there was no fibrosis after 30 days for both MTA and BioAggregate groups (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since DiaRoot BioAggregate showed significantly better results than MTA, we can conclude that it is more biocompatible. However, further studies are required to confirm this result.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, 34093 Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. batur3@gmail.com
authors.forename: Yusuf-Burak
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Batur
authors.forename: Gözde
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.forename: Yagmur
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.forename: Seckin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dindar
authors.forename: Hande
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sancakli
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Erdemir
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D017640:Silicates / Q000633:toxicity*; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; C557009:BioAggregate; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide