title: Characterization of pKP1780, a novel IncR plasmid from the emerging Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147, encoding the VIM-1 metallo-β-lactamase.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the complete nucleotide sequence of the VIM-1-encoding plasmid pKP1780 from Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 representing a distinct group of IncR replicons.
  
  
  METHODS
  The plasmid pKP1780 was from a K. pneumoniae clinical strain (KP-1780) isolated in Greece in 2009. Plasmid DNA was extracted from an Escherichia coli DH5α transformant and sequenced using the 454 Genome Sequencer GS FLX procedure on a standard fragment DNA library. Contig gaps were filled by sequencing of PCR-produced fragments. Annotation and comparative analysis were performed using software available on the Internet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasmid pKP1780 (49 770 bp) consisted of an IncR-related sequence (12 083 bp) including replication and stability systems, and a multidrug resistance (MDR) mosaic region (37 687 bp). blaVIM-1 along with the aacA7, dfrA1 and aadA1 cassettes comprised the variable region of an integron similar to In-e541 from pNL194. The mosaic structure also included the strA, strB, aphA1 and mphA resistance genes as well as intact (n = 10) or defective (n = 3) insertion sequences and fragments of various transposons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mosaic structure of pKP1780 exhibited high similarity with the acquired region of the IncN plasmid pNL194, indicating the acquisition of the VIM-1-encoding MDR region from pNL194 by an IncR-type plasmid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Papagiannitsis
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Miriagou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Giakkoupi
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Tzouvelekis
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Vatopoulos
mesh_terms: D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D023061:Gene Order; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C417264:VIM-1 metallo-beta-lactamase; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: antibiotic resistance; carbapenemases; mosaic replicons