title: Salt equivalence and temporal dominance of sensations of different sodium chloride substitutes in butter.
abstract: Studies indicate a positive association between dietary salt intake and some diseases, which has promoted the tendency to reduce the sodium in foods. The objective of this study was to determine the equivalent amount of different sodium chloride replacements required to promote the same degree of ideal saltiness in butter and to study the sensory profile of sodium chloride and the substitutes using the analysis of Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS). Using the magnitude estimation method, it was determined that the potencies of potassium chloride, monosodium glutamate and potassium phosphate relative to the 1% sodium chloride in butter are 83·33, 31·59 and 33·32, respectively. Regarding the sensory profile of the tested salt substitutes, a bitter taste was perceived in the butter with potassium chloride, a sour taste was perceived in the butter with potassium phosphate and sweet and umami tastes were dominant in the butter with monosodium glutamate. Of all the salt substitutes tested calcium lactate, potassium lactate, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride were impractical to use in butter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil. vanessardsouza@gmail.com
authors.forename: Vanessa Rios
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Tassyana Vieira Marques
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Freire
authors.forename: Carla Gonçalves
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Saraiva
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Deus Souza Carneiro
authors.forename: Ana Carla Marques
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pinheiro
authors.forename: Cleiton Antônio
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Nunes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002079:Butter / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards*; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D063427:Food Quality; D010710:Phosphates; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000032:analysis*; D012970:Sodium Glutamate; D013649:Taste; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D002079:Butter; C013216:potassium phosphate; D012970:Sodium Glutamate