title: Intrarenal ghrelin receptors regulate ENaC-dependent sodium reabsorption by a cAMP-dependent pathway.
abstract: The main distal nephron segment sodium transporters are the distal tubule chlorothiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC) and the collecting duct amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). The infusion of ghrelin into the renal interstitium stimulates distal nephron-dependent sodium reabsorption in normal rats, but the mechanism is unknown. Here we localize renal ghrelin receptors (GR) to the cortical collecting duct (CCD). Ghrelin significantly increased phosphorylated serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase-1 (pSGK1), a major upstream signaling intermediate regulating ENaC. To test whether increased apical membrane αENaC induced the antinatriuresis, ghrelin was infused in the presence of acute and chronic amiloride, a selective inhibitor of ENaC. In the presence of amiloride, renal interstitial ghrelin failed to reduce urine sodium excretion, suggesting that ghrelin-induced sodium reabsorption is dependent on intact ENaC activity. While the main sodium transporter of the CCD is ENaC, NCC is also present. In response to renal interstitial ghrelin infusion, neither total nor phosphorylated NCC levels are altered. Ghrelin-induced sodium reabsorption persisted in the presence of chlorothiazide (selective inhibitor of NCC), indicating that intact NCC activity is not necessary for ghrelin-induced antinatriuresis. Finally, renal interstitial ghrelin infusion significantly increased interstitial cAMP levels and adenylyl cyclase blockade abolished ghrelin-induced antinatriuresis. Thus, GRs expressed in the CCD regulate sodium reabsorption by cAMP-induced trafficking of ENaC to the apical membrane.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908-1414, USA.
authors.forename: Brandon A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.forename: Nancy L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gildea
authors.forename: Susanna R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Shetal H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Padia
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002740:Chlorothiazide / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology*; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007685:Kidney Tubules, Collecting / Q000502:physiology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D054440:Receptors, Ghrelin / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases
chemical_list: D000584:Amiloride; D002740:Chlorothiazide; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels; D054439:Ghrelin; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054440:Receptors, Ghrelin; D012964:Sodium; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases