title: Casimer Funk, nonconformist nomenclature, and networks surrounding the discovery of vitamins.
abstract: In the 2 decades between when the existence of vitamins was first postulated and when they were isolated, scientists and research physicians could produce no conclusive evidence for their existence from the laboratory or clinic. By the time the first vitamin was chemically isolated, vitamins were already widely accepted by scientists, clinicians, the public, and government agencies. In the period between when vitamins were postulated and the Nobel Prize was awarded for their discovery, a debate over nomenclature served as a substitute for a priority dispute. The most popular term "vitamine" was introduced by Casimer Funk in 1912 and was changed to "vitamin" by Cecil Drummond in 1920. Initial conditions surrounding the discovery of vitamins, including World War I, necessitated the creation of unusual networks for the dissemination of scientific information about vitamins. In Great Britain, research institutes, government agencies, and individual researchers were instrumental in creating a set of national and international networks for the dissemination of information from research laboratories to hospitals, physicians, pharmaceutical houses, and the public. These networks of dissemination still exert an influence on how scientific information about vitamins is communicated to the public today.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Studies, Antioch University New England, Keene, NH, USA. amaltz@antioch.edu
authors.forename: Alesia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maltz
mesh_terms: D000047:Academies and Institutes; D016208:Databases, Factual; D006077:Government Agencies; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D010604:Pharmacy; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D006113:United Kingdom; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000145:classification / Q000266:history*
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins