title: Differential expression of remodeling markers by tissue structure in nasal polyposis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data on the expression and role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases [TIMPs]) in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) are contradictory, partly because or the use of different techniques of tissue analysis. The aim of this study was to establish a qualitative/semiquantitative method of analysis on the expression of these remodeling markers in different tissue structures and eosinophils in both NPs and nasal mucosa (NM).
  
  
  METHODS
  NP tissues were obtained from patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for severe CRSwNPs (n = 33) and NM tissues from patients undergoing nasal corrective surgery (n = 12). MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9) and TIMP type 1 (TIMP-1) expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tissue structures (epithelium, glands, vessels, and extracellular matrix [ECM]) and eosinophils. Tissue eosinophilia was also analyzed in NP tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMPs and TIMP-1 expression were found in the epithelium, glands, vessels, and ECM (in both NM and NP) and in eosinophils (only in NP). Significant (p < 0.01) findings were observed in NP compared with NM: increase in MMP-1 in ECM; decrease in MMP-2 in glands, vessels, and epithelium; decrease in MMP-7 in all tissue structures; increase in MMP-9 in ECM and decrease in epithelium and glands; and no differences in TIMP-1. NP tissues showed a clear eosinophilic inflammation compared with NM (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that (1) metalloproteases (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9) may play an important role in the remodeling of NPs and/or in NP formation and (2) a differential analysis of tissue structures and inflammatory cells should be performed when studying remodeling marker expression and regulation in the upper airways.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Borja Callejas
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Picado
authors.forename: Asunción
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez-Antón
authors.forename: Isam
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alobid
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pujols
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valero
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roca-Ferrer
authors.forename: Joaquim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mullol
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics*; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1