title: Clinical pharmacy services in a London hospital, have they changed?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The development of clinical pharmacy, has created a need for pharmacists to demonstrate the service they provide to hospital boards.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe and compare the type and frequency of clinical pharmacy contributions to individual patients admitted to a large teaching hospital within a 1 week study period over four consecutive years 2009-2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a prospective 1 week study over 4 years (2009-2012). Pharmacists used data collection sheets to record the primary reason and outcome of interventions made.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequent reasons for pharmacists intervening in patient care have been due to efficacy of medication and for safety to prevent an adverse drug reaction. The percentage of accepted interventions by the medical team was similar ranging from 85 to 92 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacists consistently carried out interventions to patient care over a 4 year period and provide the Trust with a service that focuses on ensuring safety and efficacy of the medications administered. Impact of findings on practice Daily clinical pharmacy services in a UK teaching hospital allow pharmacists to contribute to protecting patients from the adverse effects of medications. Pharmacists most frequently intervene to patient care for the reasons of medication efficacy and safety and to prevent adverse drug reactions.
authors.affiliation: King's Health Partners, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Rd, Lambeth, London, SE1 7HY, UK, gayle.campbell@gstt.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: Gayle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Auyeung
authors.forename: Duncan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McRobbie
mesh_terms: D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000639:trends; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000517:prevention & control; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006786:Hospitals, Urban; D006801:Humans; D008131:London; D010595:Pharmacists; D010601:Pharmacology, Clinical / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D024382:Professional Role; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013222:State Medicine; D006113:United Kingdom; D000078329:Workforce