title: [Human sperm cryopreservation and protection: an update].
abstract: Human sperm cryopreservation has been widely applied in human assisted reproduction technologies, but ultra-low temperature may damage the structure and function of sperm, which in turn may affect the success rate of human reproductive technology. However, this view is not yet universally accepted. Researchers around the world are endeavoring for the mechanisms of cyrodamage and discoveries of cryo-protection. This article gives an overview on the types of human sperm cryodamage, mechanisms of sperm functional changes, and latest discoveries of cryo-protection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China. wsq5501@126.com
authors.forename: Shang-Qian
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods