title: Interaction of Keap1 modified by 2-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone with GSH: evidence for S-transarylation.
abstract: 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (TBQ), an electrophilic metabolite of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), causes activation of Nrf2 together with S-arylation of its negative regulator Keap1 in RAW264.7 cells. In a previous study, we found that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) covalently modified with 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NQ) undergoes S-transarylation by GSH, resulting in a decline of the GAPDH-1,2-NQ adduct and formation of a 1,2-NQ-SG adduct ( Miura , T. et al. ( 2011 ) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 24 , 1836 -1844 ). In the present study, we explored the possibility of GSH-dependent S-transarylation of the Keap1-TBQ adduct. Pretreatment with l-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine and N-acetylcysteine prior to TBQ exposure of HepG2 cells suggested that the Keap1-TBQ adduct appears to undergo GSH-mediated S-transarylation because the resulting alterations in the intracellular GSH concentration affected Nrf2 activation caused by TBQ. In support of this hypothesis, a cell-free study demonstrated that incubation of the Keap1-TBQ adduct with GSH results in the removal of TBQ from Keap1 with the production of mono- and di-GSH adducts of TB(H)Q. These results suggest that GSH plays a role in reversible covalent modification of TBQ derived from BHA to Keap1 through the formation of a C-S bond.
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abiko
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumagai
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D016227:Benzoquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D000072019:Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D016227:Benzoquinones; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C117301:Keap1 protein, mouse; D000072019:Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; C051290:2-tert-butyl-4-quinone; D005978:Glutathione