title: Differentiation of virulence of Helicobacter pylori by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and multivariate analyses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ability to determine the virulence of a Helicobacter pylori strain would be helpful for predicting the development of gastrointestinal disease and suggesting medical treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A protocol based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was established for the efficient detection of peptides and proteins in extracts of H. pylori cells. Two multivariate statistical methods-principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis-were used to analyze the resulting MALDI mass spectra of reference strains and clinical isolated/inoculated strains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on differences in their peptide and protein profiles, H. pylori strains having similar virulence genotypes were grouped together on the PCA score plot. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed high conformity between the protein profiles and the respective virulence genotypes. The inoculated H. pylori strain, which was clustered in the same group with the high-virulence reference strains, also resulted in severe histopathological lesions in gerbils.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MALDI-TOF MS combined with multivariate analyses shows the ability to rapidly differentiate H. pylori strains in terms of their virulence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care & Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Tzu
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Chao-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Sophie S W
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-Syuan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bi-Chuang
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Yi-Chern
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chu-Nian
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jentaie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shiea
authors.forename: Deng-Chyang
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005849:Gerbillinae / Q000382:microbiology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000737:chemistry / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins
keywords: Helicobacter pylori; Mass spectrometry; Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight; Strain