title: New methodologies for studying lipid synthesis and turnover: looking backwards to enable moving forwards.
abstract: Our ability to understand the pathogenesis of problems surrounding lipid accretion requires attention towards quantifying lipid kinetics. In addition, studies of metabolic flux should also help unravel mechanisms that lead to imbalances in inter-organ lipid trafficking which contribute to dyslipidemia and/or peripheral lipid accumulation (e.g. hepatic fat deposits). This review aims to outline the development and use of novel methods for studying lipid kinetics in vivo. Although our focus is directed towards some of the approaches that are currently reported in the literature, we include a discussion of the older literature in order to put "new" methods in better perspective and inform readers of valuable historical research. Presumably, future advances in understanding lipid dynamics will benefit from a careful consideration of the past efforts, where possible we have tried to identify seminal papers or those that provide clear data to emphasize essential points. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Modulation of Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA. Electronic address: stephen_previs@merck.com.
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Previs
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: McLaren
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Sheng-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Stout
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Haihong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Kithsiri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Herath
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Vinit
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wilsie
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castro-Perez
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Douglas G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Johns
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Michele A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cleary
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biomarkers, Merck, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Roddy
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Dyslipidemia; Kinetic biomarker; Mass spectrometry; Stable isotopes