title: Definitive Endoderm Formation from Plucked Human Hair-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and SK Channel Regulation.
abstract: Pluripotent stem cells present an extraordinary powerful tool to investigate embryonic development in humans. Essentially, they provide a unique platform for dissecting the distinct mechanisms underlying pluripotency and subsequent lineage commitment. Modest information currently exists about the expression and the role of ion channels during human embryogenesis, organ development, and cell fate determination. Of note, small and intermediate conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels have been reported to modify stem cell behaviour and differentiation. These channels are broadly expressed throughout human tissues and are involved in various cellular processes, such as the after-hyperpolarization in excitable cells, and also in differentiation processes. To this end, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) generated from plucked human hair keratinocytes have been exploited in vitro to recapitulate endoderm formation and, concomitantly, used to map the expression of the SK channel (SKCa) subtypes over time. Thus, we report the successful generation of definitive endoderm from hiPSCs of ectodermal origin using a highly reproducible and robust differentiation system. Furthermore, we provide the first evidence that SKCas subtypes are dynamically regulated in the transition from a pluripotent stem cell to a more lineage restricted, endodermal progeny.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Anett
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Illing
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stockmann
authors.forename: Narasimha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Swamy Telugu
authors.forename: Leonhard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Linta
authors.forename: Ronan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seufferlein
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liebau
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kleger