title: Prognostic impact of preoperative hematological disorders and a risk stratification model in bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study investigated prognostic indicators, including clinicopathological and preoperative hematological factors, and developed a prognostic factor-based risk stratification model in bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from 249 consecutive bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy without neoadjuvant therapy. Prognostic values of the preoperative hematological parameters, along with the patients' clinicopathological parameters were evaluated. A risk stratification model was developed to predict disease-specific survival after radical cystectomy using the regression coefficients of multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the multivariate analysis, preoperative hemoglobin and C-reactive protein levels, as well as the pathological factors of T stage, positive surgical margin and lymph node metastasis, were independently predictive of disease-specific survival. Low hemoglobin (<10.5 g/dL), a high C-reactive protein (>0.5 mg/dL), extravesical T stage (≥pT3a) and positive surgical margin were independent predictors of poor disease-specific survival. The risk stratification model showed significant differences in disease-specific survival between the three subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report to show the significance of combining preoperative hemoglobin with the pathology of radical cystectomy specimens as an independent predictor for disease-specific survival, and it also represents the largest contemporary series to date demonstrating that two types of preoperative hematological disorders, assessed by hemoglobin and C-reactive protein, are independent predictors in bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. Our risk stratification model could provide physicians with useful prognostic information for identifying patients who might be candidates for multimodal treatments.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan.
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sejima
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morizane
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Tadahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isoyama
authors.forename: Motoaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amisaki
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koumi
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takenaka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015653:Cystectomy; D005260:Female; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D057234:Preoperative Period; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: bladder cancer; hematological disorder; prognosis; radical cystectomy