title: The SpeechEasy device in stuttering and nonstuttering adults: fluency effects while speaking and reading.
abstract: The SpeechEasy is an electronic device designed to alleviate stuttering by manipulating auditory feedback via time delays and frequency shifts. Device settings (control, default, custom), ear-placement (left, right), speaking task, and cognitive variables were examined in people who stutter (PWS) (n=14) compared to controls (n=10). Among the PWS there was a significantly greater reduction in stuttering (compared to baseline) with custom device settings compared to the non-altered feedback (control) condition. Stuttering was reduced the most during reading, followed by narrative and conversation. For the conversation task, stuttering was reduced more when the device was worn in the left ear. Those individuals with a more severe stuttering rate at baseline had a greater benefit from the use of the device compared to individuals with less severe stuttering. Our results support the view that overt stuttering is associated with defective speech-language monitoring that can be influenced by manipulating auditory feedback.
authors.affiliation: Brain and Behavior Program at Children's Hospital, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States. anne.foundas@gmail.com
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Foundas
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mock
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Corey
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Golob
authors.forename: Edward G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Conture
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056228:Feedback, Sensory; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013070:Speech Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013342:Stuttering / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attention; Auditory feedback; Development; Language; Laterality; Stuttering