title: An animal model of Kashin-Beck disease induced by a low-nutrition diet and exposure to T-2 toxin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the combined roles of a low-nutrition diet (low levels of protein, iodine, and selenium) and T-2 toxin in bone development and to establish an experimental animal model of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) that reliably mimics the disease's pathological changes for further study of the pathogenesis and prevention of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided among four groups: group A, normal diet; group B, normal diet plus T-2 toxin; group C, low-nutrition diet; and group D, low-nutrition diet plus T-2 toxin exposure. The radiographic and histopathological changes in the tibial growth zone, plate cartilage and metaphysis were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group D, all epiphyseal plates were blurred, thin, and irregular. Tibias were significantly shorter in group D than in groups A and B. After 4 weeks, epiphyseal plates showed chondrocyte necrosis, with the more obvious necrosis appearing in groups C and D. The positive rate of lamellar necrosis was significantly higher in group D than in groups B and A (P < 0.01). In group D, metaphyseal trabecular bone was sparse, disordered, and disrupted, and massive transverse trabecular bone appeared in the metaphysis at 12 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A rat model of KBD induced by a low-nutrition diet and T-2 toxin exposure demonstrated radiographic and histopathological abnormalities of the proximal epiphyseal plate and the tibial metaphysis that are very similar to the bone changes found in patients with KBD. This animal model will be helpful for further study of the pathogenesis and prevention of KBD.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. kangpd@163.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pei
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006132:Growth Plate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D057767:Kashin-Beck Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009336:Necrosis / Q000209:etiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000633:toxicity*; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D013977:Tibia / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D007455:Iodine; D012643:Selenium; D013605:T-2 Toxin; D013974:Thyroxine
keywords: Animal model; Iodine; Kashin–Beck disease; Low-nutrition diet; Selenium; T-2 toxin