title: Encoding- and retrieval-related brain activity underlying false recognition.
abstract: We examined the neural activity associated with true and false recognition during both encoding and retrieval using the Remember/Know procedure to separate recollection (i.e., mental reinstatement of experienced events during which unique details of a memory are recalled) and familiarity (i.e., mental awareness that an event has been experienced previously without the unique details of the event) in recognition memory. Neuroimaging data at retrieval revealed that the right parahippocampal gyrus was activated during recollection-based true recognition compared with familiarity-based true recognition, indicating the item-specific retrieval of visual details. This effect in the right parahippocampal gyrus was not observed for false recognition. Contrary to our expectation, the reactivation effect in early visual cortex was not observed during true recognition, as opposed to false recognition. Neuroimaging data at encoding revealed that the right visual cortex (the right occipitotemporal sulcus) was activated during the encoding of items that yielded recollection-based true recognition compared with familiarity-based true recognition, indicating item-specific visual processing. This effect in the right visual cortex was not observed for false recognition. These results suggest that the subjective feeling of Remember/Know with respect to both veridical and false memories varies with the neural activity during both encoding and retrieval.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. abe.nobuhito.7s@kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Nobuhito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Toshikatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Yayoi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shigemune
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mugikura
authors.forename: Shoki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Etsuro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D020534:Parahippocampal Gyrus / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: False memory; False recognition; Familiarity-based recognition; Medial temporal lobe; Recollection-based recognition; Visual cortex