title: Continuous increase of the antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative pathogens causing bacteremia: a nationwide surveillance study by the Korean Network for Study on Infectious Diseases (KONSID).
abstract: Antimicrobial susceptibility data for all microorganisms isolated from blood culture were collected from 13 institutions in Korea from June to September 2011. Data were compared with our previous studies performed during 2006-2007 and 2008. The prevalence of MRSA in 2011 has rebounded to 63.7% after a slight decrease in 2008. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium declined to 24.1%. The resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem and meropenem increased from 25.4% and 28.8% to 55.4% and 37.5%, respectively. Ciprofloxacin resistance of Escherichia coli has increased from 23.9% to 30.8%. The resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin has increased from 17.7% to 26.5%. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae have also seen increased levels of resistance, from 8.6% to 18.4% and 13.6% to 28.5%, respectively. An overall increase in antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative pathogens has been observed. Continued surveillance and intervention to slow the propagation of resistance are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyungmin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: Jungok
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sun Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Young Eun
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Eun-Jeong
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.forename: Cheol-In
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Doo Ryeon
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Nam Yong
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Kyong Ran
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Peck
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D015870:Gene Expression; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: Bacteremia; Drug resistance; Epidemiology