title: Prevalence of multiple behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases in adults aged 50+, from eleven European countries - the SHARE study (2004).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence and the associations between multiple behavioral risk factors (MBRFs) for chronic diseases in European adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 26,743 individuals, aged 50+years, participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) (2004/05) were used. MBRFs included physical inactivity, high body weight, smoking habits and risky alcohol consumption. Estimations were based on weights according to the complex sampling design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 71.2% of individuals were physically inactive, while 59.8% had high body weight. 53.4% had 2+ MBRFs, while males presented higher prevalence of MBRF clusters than females (P < 0.001). Females displayed lower odds of increased alcohol consumption (OR = 0.16, P < 0.001) and higher odds of physical inactivity (OR = 1.47, P < 0.001) than males. Individuals who lived alone, compared to living with a partner and those with more, compared to fewer education years, exhibited a significantly higher and lower, respectively, mean MBRF score (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of MBRFs was considerably high in this sample of European adults, while not living alone and having higher education may prove protective. These findings could be used for the design of primary healthcare programs by health professionals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece. linman@med.uoc.gr
authors.forename: Manolis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Linardakis
authors.forename: Emmanouil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Smpokos
authors.forename: Angeliki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papadaki
authors.forename: Ioannis D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Komninos
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tzanakis
authors.forename: Anastas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Philalithis
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005060:Europe; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Behavioral risk factors; Chronic diseases; Prevalence