title: Factors associated with delayed presentation in patients with TIA and minor stroke in China: analysis of data from the China National Stroke Registry (CNSR).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to evaluate the management of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and minor stroke in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the China National Stroke Registry (CNSR) were used to identify patients who were admitted to 132 urban hospitals across China with TIA or minor stroke. Factors associated with delayed presentation to hospital were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze relationships between patient characteristics and time of presentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 7467 patients entered into the CNSR (1204 with TIA, 6263 with minor stroke), 780 patients (64·78%) with TIA and 3467 patients (55·36%) with minor stroke had delayed presentation to hospital (>24 hours). In both groups, factors associated with early presentation (≤24 hours) included transportation by ambulance and direct presentation to the emergency room. In patients with minor stroke, early presentation was associated with older age (65-80 years), motor and sensory symptoms, speech impairment, atrial fibrillation, previous TIA, and living in central or eastern China; and delayed presentation was associated with female sex, cognitive dysfunction, and diabetes. In patients with TIA, early presentation was associated with motor symptoms, and delayed presentation was associated with headache or vertigo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In China, many patients with TIA and minor stroke do not seek medical treatment immediately. Further education is needed to teach members of the public about the warning signs and symptoms of TIA and minor stroke, and encourage the use of ambulance transportation after TIA or stroke.
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Zheng Zhou University, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Linyu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yangyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Xingquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chunxue
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: David Z
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Anxin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors