title: Longitudinal modeling of transmissible risk in boys who subsequently develop cannabis use disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Risk for substance use disorder is frequently transmitted across generations due to significant heritability.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This longitudinal study tests the hypothesis that initial exposure to cannabis in youths having high transmissible risk is a signal event promoting development of cannabis use disorder (CUD).
  
  
  METHODS
  At age 22, 412 men were classified into three groups: (1) lifetime CUD, (2) cannabis use without CUD, and (3) no lifetime cannabis use. Transmissible risk, quantified on a continuous scale using the previously validated transmissible liability index (TLI), along with cannabis use and CUD were documented at 10-12, 12-14, 16, 19, and 22 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CUD group scored higher on the TLI before they began cannabis use compared to the other two groups. In addition, a progressive increase in TLI severity was evinced by the CUD group beginning at the time of initiation of cannabis use whereas cannabis users who did not subsequently develop CUD exhibited a decline in transmissible risk following first exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Initial use of cannabis potentiates development of CUD in youths who are at high transmissible risk but is inconsequential in youths having low risk. The practical ramifications of these results for prevention are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. levent@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kirisci
authors.forename: Ralph E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Tarter
authors.forename: Ty
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ridenour
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vanyukov
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult