title: Rhodococcus equi granulomatous mastitis in an immunocompetent patient.
abstract: A 37-year-old immunocompetent woman was evaluated for progressive swelling of her left breast. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple hypo-intense solid lesions and could not exclude breast cancer. Tissue biopsy was suggestive of granulomatous mastitis without any evidence of malignancy. Culture of the specimen in brain heart infusion broth grew Rhodococcus equi. The patient responded well to combination therapy with ciprofloxacin and azithromycin, and the lesions regressed in follow-up MRI. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of R. equi granulomatous mastitis. Accurate identification of this rare pathogen is necessary to provide appropriate treatment in granulomatous mastitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbiology, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala 695011, India.
authors.forename: Swapna R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Nath
authors.affiliation: Surgical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala 695011, India.
authors.forename: Arun Peter
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.affiliation: Imageology, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala 695011, India.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.affiliation: Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala 695011, India.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Anila
mesh_terms: D000193:Actinomycetales Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D058890:Granulomatous Mastitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011859:Radiography; D016929:Rhodococcus equi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D017963:Azithromycin