title: Study on nano-structured hydroxyapatite/zirconia stabilized yttria on healing of articular cartilage defect in rabbit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Articular Cartilage has limited potential for self-repair and tissue engineering approaches attempt to repair articular cartilage by scaffolds. We hypothesized that the combined hydroxyapatite and zirconia stabilized yttria would enhance the quality of cartilage healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  In ten New Zealand white rabbits bilateral full-thickness osteochondral defect, 4 mm in diameter and 3 mm depth, was created on the articular cartilage of the patellar groove of the distal femur. In group I the scaffold was implanted into the right stifle and the same defect was created in the left stifle without any transplant (group II). Specimens were harvested at 12 weeks after implantation, examined histologically for morphologic features, and stained immunohistochemically for type-II collagen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group I the defect was filled with a white translucent cartilage tissue In contrast, the defects in the group II remained almost empty. In the group I, the defects were mostly filled with hyaline-like cartilage evidenced but defects in group II were filled with fibrous tissue with surface irregularities. Positive immunohistochemical staining of type-II collagen was observed in group I and it was absent in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hydroxyapatite/yttria stabilized zirconia scaffold would be an effective scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran. dramirsotoudeh@kahnoojiau.ac.ir
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sotoudeh
authors.forename: Amirali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jahanshahi
authors.forename: Mohammad Ashrafzadeh
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Takhtfooladi
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bazazan
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ganjali
authors.forename: Maryam Pourramezani
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Harati
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000293:injuries*; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000032:analysis; D017886:Durapatite / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D015019:Yttrium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D024043:Collagen Type II; D015019:Yttrium; D017886:Durapatite; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide; C091417:yttria