title: (1) H-NMR quantification of major saccharides in açaí raw materials: a comparison of the internal standard methodology with the absolute intensity qNMR method.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While the use of internal standard methodology for qNMR is a proven and reliable form of quantification, simplified alternative approaches are needed. Agilent's absolute intensity qNMR utility software is a valuable alternative that has not yet been subjected to validation in the peer-reviewed literature.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide validation of Agilent's absolute intensity qNMR method with a specific application to natural product quantification by measuring saccharide content in açaí materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  In order to validate the method, calibration test samples of ibuprofen were prepared in DMSO-d6 at nine different concentrations and measured with (1) H-NMR. A minimum of 40 spectra were collected for each sample, and the absolute intensity utility was used for quantification. The same methodology was then applied to the açaí materials, creating triplicates for each of the materials and using 3-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propanesulphonic acid sodium salt in water-d2 as both the solvent and internal standard. (1) H-NMR spectra were collected, and the amounts of glucose, sucrose and fructose were determined using both the internal standard approach and the absolute intensity qNMR method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Applying the absolute intensity utility to the ibuprofen samples demonstrated a linear response (R(2)  = 0.99943). For the açaí investigations, results obtained from the absolute intensity method were comparable to those obtained from the internal standard approach, with percentage differences ranging from 0.5-6.2%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates the accuracy, precision and reliability of Agilent's absolute intensity qNMR method. In addition, practical information is provided for assessing the saccharide contents of açaí materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacal Sciences, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 4306B Walker Building, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Cole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sterling
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Crouch
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Angela I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Calderón
mesh_terms: D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005632:Fructose / Q000032:analysis*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000032:analysis; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013395:Sucrose / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005632:Fructose; D013395:Sucrose; D005947:Glucose; D007052:Ibuprofen
keywords: 1H-qNMR; Euterpe oleracea (Arecaceae); NMR; absolute intensity qNMR; açaí; raw materials; saccharides