title: Abdominal visceral fat measurement using dual-energy X-ray: association with cardiometabolic risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between cardiometabolic risk factors and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) measurements using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) based approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analysis of cross-sectional relationships between DXA VAT measured using CoreScan (GE Healthcare) and cardiometabolic indicators was conducted on a sample of 939 subjects (541 females and 398 males; average age, 56 years; average BMI, 26 kg/m2) who had previously undergone a total body DXA scan as well as measurements of key cardiometabolic risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sex-specific, age-adjusted multivariable regression analysis showed that for both men and women, DXA VAT was significantly associated with increased odds of hypertension, impaired fasting glucose, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes (P < 0.001). After additional model adjustment for BMI and waist circumference, the odds ratio (per SD change in VAT) for type 2 diabetes was 2.07 for women and 2.25 for men. Similarly, the odds ratio for metabolic syndrome for women was 3.46 and for men was 1.75.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VAT measured using DXA showed a significant association with cardiometabolic risk factors and disease. These relationships persist after statistical adjustment for age, BMI, and waist circumference. DXA VAT may provide a new accessible option for quantifying VAT-related cardiometabolic risk.
authors.affiliation: Computational Biology and Biostatistics Laboratory, GE Global Research Center, Niskayuna, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Megan P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Rothney
authors.forename: Alberico L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Catapano
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Wynn K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Wacker
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tidone
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grigore
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Ergun
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose