title: Resveratrol metabolites modify adipokine expression and secretion in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and mature adipocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Due to the low bioavailability of resveratrol, determining whether its metabolites exert any beneficial effect is an interesting issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  3T3-L1 maturing pre-adipocytes were treated during differentiation with 25 µM of resveratrol or with its metabolites and 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes were treated for 24 hours with 10 µM resveratrol or its metabolites. The gene expression of adiponectin, leptin, visfatin and apelin was assessed by Real Time RT-PCR and their concentration in the incubation medium was quantified by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resveratrol reduced mRNA levels of leptin and increased those of adiponectin. It induced the same changes in leptin secretion. Trans-resveratrol-3-O-glucuronide and trans-resveratrol-4'-O-glucuronide increased apelin and visfatin mRNA levels. Trans-resveratrol-3-O-sulfate reduced leptin mRNA levels and increased those of apelin and visfatin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study shows for the first time that resveratrol metabolites have a regulatory effect on adipokine expression and secretion. Since resveratrol has been reported to reduce body-fat accumulation and to improve insulin sensitivity, and considering that these effects are mediated in part by changes in the analyzed adipokines, it may be proposed that resveratrol metabolites play a part in these beneficial effects of resveratrol.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria, Spain.
authors.forename: Itziar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Eseberri
authors.forename: Arrate
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lasa
authors.forename: Itziar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Churruca
authors.forename: María P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Portillo
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000073861:Apelin; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000378:metabolism*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D000073861:Apelin; C402826:Apln protein, mouse; D020719:Glucuronides; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013267:Stilbenes; C499731:resveratrol-4'-O-glucuronide; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; D000077185:Resveratrol