title: A multicomponent motivational intervention to improve adherence among adolescents with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To adapt and pilot test a multicomponent motivational intervention that includes family-based contingency management (CM) for adolescents with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 17 adolescents, age 12-17 years (M = 14.8, SD = 1.5), with type 1 diabetes (duration M = 6.2 years, SD = 4.5) and mean HbA1c of 11.6% (SD = 2.5%) were enrolled. Adolescents and their parents received 14 weeks of motivational interviewing, clinic-based CM, and parent-directed CM that targeted increased blood glucose monitoring (BGM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adolescents significantly increased their BGM (p < .001) and showed significantly improved HbA1c levels (glycemic control) from pre-to posttreatment (p < .0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The magnitude of improvements in the frequency of BGM and glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes is encouraging and will be tested in a randomized controlled trial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. Catherine.stanger@dartmouth.edu
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stanger
authors.forename: Stacy R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Leanna M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Delhey
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thrailkill
authors.forename: Zhongze
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Budney
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology*; D062405:Motivational Interviewing; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
keywords: cognitive behavior therapy; contingency management; motivational interviewing; type 1 diabetes