title: Evaluation of dimensions and measurement scales in patient-centeredness.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patient-centeredness has gained importance over the last two decades. However, there is an absence of theoretical clarity regarding the term patient-centeredness. This results in inconsistent measurement of patient-centeredness, which leads to difficulties in comparing research results. To overcome these difficulties, the aims of this study are (1) to identify the dimensions of patient-centeredness and include them in an integrative model, (2) to select and assess the most relevant dimensions of the model, (3) to identify and assess measurement instruments and find evidence for the selected dimensions, and (4) to assess the relevance and applicability of the conceptualization and measurement of patient-centeredness in clinical practice and health services research.
  
  
  METHODS
  This project is divided into four phases. First, a systematic review will be conducted to identify the constructs and dimensions of patient-centeredness. Second, experts (eg, researchers, clinicians, and patient representatives) will assess and prioritize the identified relevant dimensions using a Delphi survey. Third, the selected dimensions will be assessed regarding their operationalization, and the results will be summarized in a systematic review. Evidence of the measures will be assessed in a scoping review. Fourth, an expert workshop will be held. Experts will assess the results of the previous phases regarding the relevance and applicability of the conceptualization and measurement of patient-centeredness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study will provide an integrative model of patient-centeredness based on the current literature. This model can be used to improve upon the comparability of research results. Through a detailed insight into the existence and evidence of measurement dimensions of patient-centeredness, existing gaps in this field will be shown. Finally, the expert assessment will show the relevance and feasibility of the concept and measures in clinical practice and health services research. Therefore, this study will contribute important knowledge to enhance future research on patient-centeredness and establish a foundation for its implementation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jördis M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zill
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Scholl
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Härter
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dirmaier
keywords: conceptual framework; measurement; patient-centeredness