title: Comparing conventional and supercritical extraction of (-)-mammea A/BB and the antioxidant activity of Calophyllum brasiliense extracts.
abstract: Calophyllum brasiliense is a rich source of bioactive coumarins, xanthones and biflavonoids. The aim of the study was to compare the phenol contents and the antioxidant activity of C. brasiliense extracts obtained by conventional and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) methods, as well as the quantification of crude extracts and (-)-mammea A/BB yields. Dichloromethane and hexane were used as solvents for the conventional extractions and SFE was developed using supercritical CO₂; the kinetic curves were modeled using a second-order empirical model. The dichloromethane extract presented the best total yield, although it showed the lowest content of (-)-mammea A/BB. The concentration of the coumarin was considerably higher in extracts obtained by the supercritical fluid method and a higher antioxidant activity was assigned to extracts obtained by this technique. Concerning the total phenolic contents, both the dichloro-methane and the supercritical extractions produced satisfactory amounts. The SFE method proved to be more promising than conventional methods.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá-UEM, Av. Colombo 5790, Bloco E-46, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Menoci
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Caroline Ortega Terra
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: Ivana Correa Ramos
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Celso Vataru
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Diógenes Aparício Garcia
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cortez
authors.forename: Edson Antonio
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Vladimir Ferreira
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.forename: Lúcio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cardozo-Filho
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029759:Calophyllum / Q000737:chemistry*; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods; D003374:Coumarins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003374:Coumarins; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C578354:mammea A-BB