title: Continued sustained release of VEGF by PLGA nanospheres modified BAMG stent for the anterior urethral reconstruction of rabbit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the biocompatibility and neovascularization of the PLGA nanospheres wrapped with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which can improve bladder acellular matrix graft (BAMG) with local continuous release of VEGF.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 18 rabbit model (length of stenosis: 3 cm) with anterior urethral stricture were used as experimental animals and divided into three groups. Group A as the control group: Simple BAMG scaffold materials for urethral reconstruction. Group B as the blank group: PLGA microspheres modified BAMG for urethral reconstruction. Group C: PLGA conjugated with VEGF and modified BAMG for the urethral reconstruction. All rabbits underwent urethral angiography after 7 days, 15 days, 1 month and 3 months after the operation, and one rabbit in each group was sacrificed to be prepared for the organization histologic examination, HE staining, masson staining, CD31, 34 and a-SAM immunohistochemical detection in the repaired sites.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group A, significant urethral restenosis occurred in two rabbits after 15 days of the operation, HE and masson staining showed a lot of collagen arranged in the repaired sites, and there were a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, and there were also CD31, 34 in the repaired sites. a-SAM microvascular tag count showed a small amount of microvascular; Group B showed anastomotic restenosis, HE and masoon staining showed inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition; Group C: urethrography showed lumen patency. There were a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration after 7 and 15 days after the operation, and there were also CD31, 34 in the repaired sites. The a-SAM microvascular tag count showed many microvascular. And the difference was significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anterior urethral reconstruction with sustained-release of VEGF by PLGA nanospheres modified BAMG stents can reduce postoperative restenosis. It can also reduce collagen deposition and scar formation, promote angiogenesis of the repair tissue; therefore it in valuable in the tissue-engineered urethral reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yue-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Lu-Jie
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ming-Kai
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D054118:Nanospheres / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011817:Rabbits; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015607:Stents; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid