title: Nonhost resistance against bacterial pathogens: retrospectives and prospects.
abstract: Nonhost resistance is a broad-spectrum plant defense that provides immunity to all members of a plant species against all isolates of a microorganism that is pathogenic to other plant species. Upon landing on the surface of a nonhost plant species, a potential bacterial pathogen initially encounters preformed and, later, induced plant defenses. One of the initial defense responses from the plant is pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI). Nonhost plants also have mechanisms to detect nonhost-pathogen effectors and can trigger a defense response referred to as effector-triggered immunity (ETI). This nonhost resistance response often results in a hypersensitive response (HR) at the infection site. This review provides an overview of these plant defense strategies. We enumerate plant genes that impart nonhost resistance and the bacterial counter-defense strategies. In addition, prospects for application of nonhost resistance to achieve broad-spectrum and durable resistance in crop plants are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73402, USA. ksmysore@noble.org
authors.forename: Muthappa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senthil-Kumar
authors.forename: Kirankumar S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Mysore
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D057865:Plant Immunity; D010944:Plants / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology