title: Clinical evaluation of the periodontal health condition and oral health awareness in Parkinson's disease patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives were to compare periodontal status between subjects with and without Parkinson's disease (PKD) to determine the influence of PKD on periodontal disease. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of periodontal status with severity of PKD.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted on 45 subjects with PKD (subjects with PKD were divided into 5 groups from group 2 to group 6 according to Hoehn and Yahr stages) and 46 control subjects (group 1). Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI) and percentage of bleeding sites (%BoP) were evaluated. All subjects were interviewed regarding their practice of oral hygiene and access to professional dental care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were statistically significant differences in PD, CAL, GI, PI and %BoP in subjects with PKD and controls (p < 0.001). All the evaluated periodontal clinical parameters and indices deteriorate with increase in severity of PKD. The mean PD value increased from 2.75 mm for group 1 to 6.17 mm for group 6, and mean CAL value increased from 3.14 mm for group 1 to 6.74 mm for group 6. The mean GI, PI and %BoP values increased from 0.55, 1.35 and 20.37 to 2.66, 3.80 and 70.86, respectively with increasing severity of PKD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a need for dental care and encouragement to use plaque control methods for subjects with PKD as periodontal pathology presented a high prevalence even in the early stages of PKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Avani R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Pradeep
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Sonender P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Santosh S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Martande
authors.affiliation: Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Arjun P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Raju
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Government Medical College, Kota, India.
authors.forename: Tagya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rustagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Deepak K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Suke
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Savitha B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Naik
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003773:Dental Plaque; D003945:Diagnosis, Oral; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009909:Oral Health; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Parkinson's disease; oral health; oral hygiene; periodontal disease