title: Bladder calculus formation on the tip of a migrated disused ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
abstract: Bladder stones in children are rare. They generally occur in children with one or more predisposing risk factors to stone formation. In this unique case report we discuss the formation and successful endoscopic treatment of a large stone in a neuropathic bladder on the tip of a migrated VP shunt.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, EH9 1LF, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keys
authors.forename: Jimmy P H
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lam
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003558:Cystoscopy; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000601:surgery; D008096:Lithotripsy; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012008:Recurrence; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D001744:Urinary Bladder Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology; D014567:Urography; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D008333:Mandelic Acids; C005419:oxybutynin