title: Interleukin-33-activated dendritic cells induce the production of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine and macrophage-derived chemokine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin (IL)-33, a new member of the IL-1 cytokine family, is involved in T helper (Th)2-type responses in a wide range of diseases and is mediated by expression of the ST2 receptor in many immune cells. As the effects of IL-33 on dendritic cells (DCs) remain controversial, we investigated the ability of IL-33 to modulate the functions of these cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  DCs were derived from mouse bone marrow, and the expression of the IL-33 receptor ST2 was examined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and RT-PCR. The responses of the DCs to IL-33 were examined by RT-PCR and ELISA, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was determined by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ST2 ligand mRNA and protein were detectable in DCs. IL-33 induced the production of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL17 and macrophage-derived chemokine/CCL22 and the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 MAPK.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DCs respond directly to IL-33 through ST2. The interaction between IL-33 and DCs may represent a new pathway to initiate Th2-type immune responses. IL-33 and ST2 may play important roles in allergic inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. cdl94140@par.odn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Masatsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsukura
authors.forename: Mio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Koushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ieki
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Munehiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adachi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054414:Chemokine CCL17 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054422:Chemokine CCL22 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054414:Chemokine CCL17; D054422:Chemokine CCL22; D018925:Chemokines; C486189:Il1rl1 protein, mouse; C506535:Il33 protein, mouse; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases