title: Ralstonia solanacearum, a widespread bacterial plant pathogen in the post-genomic era.
abstract: Ralstonia solanacearum is a soil-borne bacterium causing the widespread disease known as bacterial wilt. Ralstonia solanacearum is also the causal agent of Moko disease of banana and brown rot of potato. Since the last R. solanacearum pathogen profile was published 10 years ago, studies concerning this plant pathogen have taken a genomic and post-genomic direction. This was pioneered by the first sequenced and annotated genome for a major plant bacterial pathogen and followed by many more genomes in subsequent years. All molecular features studied now have a genomic flavour. In the future, this will help in connecting the classical field of pathology and diversity studies with the gene content of specific strains. In this review, we summarize the recent research on this bacterial pathogen, including strain classification, host range, pathogenicity determinants, regulation of virulence genes, type III effector repertoire, effector-triggered immunity, plant signalling in response to R. solanacearum, as well as a review of different new pathosystems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bacteria; Proteobacteria; β subdivision; Ralstonia group; genus Ralstonia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ralstonia solanacearum is the agent of bacterial wilt of plants, characterized by a sudden wilt of the whole plant. Typically, stem cross-sections will ooze a slimy bacterial exudate. In the case of Moko disease of banana and brown rot of potato, there is also visible bacterial colonization of banana fruit and potato tuber.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a soil-borne pathogen, infected fields can rarely be reused, even after rotation with nonhost plants. The disease is controlled by the use of resistant and tolerant plant cultivars. The prevention of spread of the disease has been achieved, in some instances, by the application of strict prophylactic sanitation practices.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Stock centre: International Centre for Microbial Resources-French Collection for Plant-associated Bacteria CIRM-CFBP, IRHS UMR 1345 INRA-ACO-UA, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49070 Beaucouzé Cedex, France, http://www.angers-nantes.inra.fr/cfbp/. Ralstonia Genome browser: https://iant.toulouse.inra.fr/R.solanacearum. GMI1000 insertion mutant library: https://iant.toulouse.inra.fr/R.solanacearumGMI1000/GenomicResources. MaGe Genome Browser: https://www.genoscope.cns.fr/agc/microscope/mage/viewer.php?
authors.affiliation: INRA UMR441 Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM), 24 chemin de Borde Rouge-Auzeville CS 52627, 31326, Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Nemo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guidot
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vailleau
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valls
mesh_terms: D023281:Genomics; D058507:Host Specificity; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D010944:Plants / Q000382:microbiology*; D043368:Ralstonia solanacearum / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*