title: Levels of S100B are raised in female patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The neurotrophic factor, S100B, is released primarily from astrocytes, with serum and CSF levels of S100B reported as altered in schizophrenia. However, many of these reports are contradictory. Here, serum levels of S100B in schizophrenia and influence of age, gender, medication and illness severity were examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum S100B levels were measured in patients with schizophrenia treated with clozapine. Lifestyle, metabolic and illness severity parameters were correlated with S100B concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data showed raised serum levels of S100B in schizophrenia female patients, but not male patients, compared to controls. Correlation analysis demonstrated a positive association between S100B serum concentrations and BMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports previous findings that adipocytes may contribute to S100B serum concentrations in females, in addition to astrocytes. This study also supports the hypothesis that metabolic effects of medication, lifestyle choices and the illness itself, may be contributing factors to altered levels of S100B.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Kara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Connell
authors.forename: Jogin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thakore
authors.forename: Kumlesh K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Dev
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003024:Clozapine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579160:S100B protein, human; D003024:Clozapine