title: Forces in tissue morphogenesis and patterning.
abstract: During development, mechanical forces cause changes in size, shape, number, position, and gene expression of cells. They are therefore integral to any morphogenetic processes. Force generation by actin-myosin networks and force transmission through adhesive complexes are two self-organizing phenomena driving tissue morphogenesis. Coordination and integration of forces by long-range force transmission and mechanosensing of cells within tissues produce large-scale tissue shape changes. Extrinsic mechanical forces also control tissue patterning by modulating cell fate specification and differentiation. Thus, the interplay between tissue mechanics and biochemical signaling orchestrates tissue morphogenesis and patterning in development.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria. heisenberg@ist.ac.at
authors.forename: Carl-Philipp
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Heisenberg
authors.forename: Yohanns
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bellaïche
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D048430:Cell Shape; D009024:Morphogenesis; D009218:Myosins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D009218:Myosins