title: Mutation incidence and coincidence in non small-cell lung cancer: meta-analyses by ethnicity and histology (mutMap).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Meta-analyses were conducted to characterize patterns of mutation incidence in non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine genes with the most complete published mutation coincidence data were evaluated. One meta-analysis generated a 'mutMap' to visually represent mutation coincidence by ethnicity (Western/Asian) and histology (adenocarcinoma [ADC] or squamous cell carcinoma). Another meta-analysis evaluated incidence of individual mutations. Extended analyses explored incidence of EGFR and KRAS mutations by ethnicity, histology, and smoking status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genes evaluated were TP53, EGFR, KRAS, LKB1, EML4-ALK, PTEN, BRAF, PIK3CA, and ErbB2. The mutMap highlighted mutation coincidences occurring in ≥5% of patients, including TP53 with KRAS or EGFR mutations in patients with ADC, and TP53 with LKB1 mutation in Western patients. TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene overall. Frequencies of TP53, EGFR, KRAS, LKB1, PTEN, and BRAF mutations were influenced by histology and/or ethnicity. Although EGFR mutations were most frequent in patients with ADC and never/light smokers from Asia, and KRAS mutations were most frequent in patients with ADC and ever/heavy smokers from Western countries, both were detected outside these subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Potential molecular pathology segments of NSCLC were identified. Further studies of mutations in NSCLC are warranted to facilitate more specific diagnoses and guide treatment.
authors.affiliation: R&D Genetics, Personalised Healthcare & Biomarkers, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK. simon.dearden@astrazeneca.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dearden
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Y-L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blowers
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D059645:Mutation Rate; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics
keywords: geography; histology; lung cancer; mutation coincidence; oncogenes