title: Urinary liver type fatty acid binding protein in diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: Deterioration of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is largely determined by the degree of tubulointerstitial changes rather than the extent of histological changes in the glomeruli. Therefore, a tubular marker that accurately reflects tubulointerstitial damage may be an excellent biomarker for early detection or prediction of DN. Liver-type fatty-acid binding protein (L-FABP) is a 14 kDa small molecule that is expressed in the cytoplasm of human proximal tubules. In vivo experimental studies revealed that renal L-FABP gene expression was up-regulated by various stresses that cause tubulointerstitial damage, such as massive proteinuria, hyperglycemia, hypertension, ischemia and toxins, and that urinary excretion of L-FABP was increased. Recent clinical studies of patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes demonstrated that urinary excretion of L-FABP derived from proximal tubules is a suitable biomarker for predicting and monitoring deterioration of renal function in DN. Moreover, therapeutic interventions with renoprotective effects reduced urinary L-FABP concentrations. Therefore, urinary L-FABP measured using the Human L-FABP ELISA Kit developed by CMIC Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan) was confirmed as a newly established tubular biomarker by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in Japan in 2010. This review article summarizes the clinical significance of urinary L-FABP in DN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Anatomy, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamijo-Ikemori
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugaya
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Seiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: Katsuomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Kenjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C493319:FABP1 protein, human; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins
keywords: Diabetic nephropathy; Tubulointerstitial damage; Urinary liver-type fatty-acid binding protein (L-FABP)