title: Emerging fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients.
abstract: The most important emerging and rare fungal pathogens in solid organ transplant recipients are the Zygomycetes, Scedosporium, Fusarium, and the dark molds. Factors affecting the emergence of these fungi include the combination of intensive immunosuppressive regimens with increasingly widespread use of long-term azole antifungal therapy; employment of aggressive diagnostic approaches (eg, sampling of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid); and changes in patients' interactions with the environment. This article reviews the epidemiology, microbiology, and clinical impact of emerging fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients, and provides up-to-date recommendations on their treatment.
authors.affiliation: Transplant and Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. sshoham1@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Shmuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shoham
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003646:Debridement; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D009181:Mycoses / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D014180:Transplantation; D019737:Transplants
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents