title: Effect of O/W process parameters on Crataegus azarolus L nanocapsule properties.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nanocapsules have many applications in the drug, cosmetic, fragrance, and food industries. In this study, Crataegus azarolus L. nanocapsules were prepared by a modified emulsion diffusion technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this technique a shell was first made from the polyester triblock copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(butylene adipate)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PBA-PEG) and then olive oil was set as the core of the nanocapsule by a method known as the polymer deposition solvent evaporation method. Varying amounts of C. azarolus extract, polymer, and olive oil were mixed in acetone and then added to water on a shaker. Finally, the acetone was removed by vacuuming.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The size of the prepared nanocapsules were measured with a particle size analysis report (PSAR) and identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experiments showed that the size of the nanocapsules depends on the preparation conditions, i.e., the ratio of polymer to oil and concentrations of polymer and plant extract. A ratio of 1:0.25 polymer to oil was shown to be more suitable for the formation of smaller nanocapsules of C. azarolus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. akbaresmaeili@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esmaeili
authors.forename: Soraya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahnamoun
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sharifnia
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D002072:Butylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D027825:Crataegus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004058:Diffusion; D004655:Emulsions; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000494:pharmacology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002072:Butylene Glycols; D004655:Emulsions; D053769:Nanocapsules; D009821:Oils; D011108:Polymers; D011136:Polysorbates; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C009204:butylene glycol adipic acid polyester; D005990:Glycerol