title: The expression of heat shock protein in human skeletal muscle: effects of muscle fibre phenotype and training background.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Exercise-induced adaptations of skeletal muscle are related to training mode and can be muscle fibre type specific. This study aimed to investigate heat shock protein expression in type I and type II muscle fibres in resting skeletal muscle of subjects with different training backgrounds.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of subjects were included: healthy active not engaged in any training programme (ACT, n = 12), resistance trained (RES, n = 6) and endurance trained (END, n = 8). Biopsies were obtained from vastus lateralis, and immunohistochemistry was performed using monoclonal antibodies against myosin heavy chain I and IIA, αB-crystallin, HSP27, HSP60 and HSP70.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In ACT and RES, but not in END, a fibre type-specific expression with higher staining intensity in type I than type II fibres was seen for αB-crystallin. The opposite (II > I) was found for HSP27 in subjects from ACT (6 of 12 subjects) and RES (3 of 6), whereas all subjects from END displayed uniform staining. HSP60 showed no fibre-specific expression. HSP70 displayed a fibre-specific expression pattern (I > II) in ACT (4 of 12), but not in END or RES.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that the level of expression of the different HSPs in human skeletal muscle is influenced by muscle fibre phenotype. The fibre type-specific expression of HSP70 is influenced by resistance and endurance training, whereas those of αB-crystallin and HSP27 is influenced only by endurance training, suggesting the existence of a training-modality-specific action on the adaptive processes including heat shock proteins in human skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Folkesson
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mackey
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Langberg
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oskarsson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Piehl-Aulin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Henriksson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kadi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins
keywords: adaptation; alphaB-crystallin; endurance; heat shock protein; immunohistochemistry; resistance