title: Sensory adaptation of antennae and sex pheromone-mediated flight behavior in male oriental fruit moths (Leptidoptera: Tortricidae) after prolonged exposure to single and tertiary blends of synthetic sex pheromone.
abstract: Sensory adaptation has been measured in the antennae of male Grapholita molesta (Busck) after 15 min of exposure to its main pheromone compound (Z)-8-dodecen-1-yl acetate (Z8-12:OAc) at the aerial concentration of 1 ng/m(3) measured in orchards treated with pheromone for mating disruption. Exposing males to this aerial concentration of Z8-12:OAc for 15 min, however, had only a small effect on their ability to orientate by flight to virgin calling females in a flight tunnel. Experiments were undertaken to determine if exposure to the main pheromone compound in combination with the two biologically active minor compounds of this species, (E)-8-dodecen-1-yl acetate (E8-12:OAc) and (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol (Z8-12:OH) would induce greater levels of sensory adaptation and have a greater effect on male sexual behavior. The exposure of male antennae to 0.5 g/m(3) air of one of the three pheromone compounds induced sensory adaptation to this compound and to the other two pheromone compounds demonstrating cross adaptation. Average percentage sensory adaptation to a pheromone compound was similar after 15 min of exposure to 1 ng/m(3) air of Z8-12:OAc, or to 1 ng/m(3) air of a 1:1:1 or 93:6:1 blend of Z8-12:OAc, E8-12:OAc, and Z8-12:OH. The exposure of males to 1 ng/m(3) air of Z8-12:OAc or the two ratios of Z8-12:OAc, E8-12:OAc, and Z8-12:OH for 15 min had no effect on their ability to orientate to a virgin calling female. The implications of these results for the operative mechanisms of sex pheromone-mediated mating disruption of this species are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy. giada.derrico@entecra.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Errico
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Faraone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rotundo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Cristofaro
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Trimble
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000819:Animal Communication; D000818:Animals; D007851:Dodecanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005426:Flight, Animal; D005638:Fruit / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D009036:Moths / Q000502:physiology*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D010675:Pheromones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012724:Sex Attractants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal; D013997:Time Factors; D014197:Trees / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D010675:Pheromones; D012724:Sex Attractants; C010411:insect attractants; D007851:Dodecanol; C026162:8-dodecenyl acetate