title: Impact of antiretroviral therapy on lung immunology and inflammation.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes profound changes in the lung compartment characterized by macrophage and lymphocyte activation, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and accumulation of CD8 T cells in the alveolar space, leading to lymphocytic alveolitis. Because many of the changes seen in the lung can be attributed to the direct effect of HIV on immune cells, therapy to reduce the HIV burden should have significant beneficial effects. Indeed, antiretroviral therapy rapidly reduces the viral burden in the lung, number of CD8 T cells in the alveolar space, and amount of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. htwig@iupui.edu
authors.forename: Homer L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Twigg
authors.forename: Kenneth S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Knox
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D016207:Cytokines