title: Urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma with expression of KIT and PDGFRA and showing diverse differentiations into plasmacytoid, clear cell, acantholytic, nested, and spindle variants, and into adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and pleomorphic carcinoma.
abstract: Various tumors can arise in the urinary bladder (UB); most common is urothelial carcinoma (UC). UC of the UB have many variants. Other types of carcinomas such as adenocarcinoma (AC) and small cell carcinoma (SmCC) can occur in UB carcinomas. Expression of KIT and PDGFRA has not been reported. A 66-year-old man admitted to our hospital because of hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed papillary invasive tumor and a transurethral bladder tumorectomy (TUR-BT) was performed. The TUR-BT showed UC, AC, SmCC, large cell carcinoma (LCC), and pleomorphic carcinoma (PC). The UC component showed plasmacytoid, spindle, nested, clear cell, acantholytic variants. The AC element showed tubular adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma (Sig). Immunohistochemically, all of these subtypes were positive for cytokeratin (CK) AE1/3, CK CAM5.2, CK34BE12, CK5, CK6, CK7, CK8, CK18, CK19, CK20, EMA, CEA, p63, CA19-9, p53 (positive 45%), MUC1, NSE, NCAM, KIT, PDGFRA, and Ki-67 (87%). They were negative for vimentin, chromogranin, synaptophysin, S100 protein, CD34, CD14, α-smooth muscle actin, CD31, caldesmon, CD138, CD45, κ-chain, λ-chain, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6. Mucin histochemistry revealed mucins in AC element including Sig. A molecular genetic analysis using PCR-direct sequencing method identified no mutations of KIT (exons 9, 11, 13, and 17) and PDGFRA (exons 12 and 18) genes. The carcinoma was highly aggressive and invaded into muscular layer. The nuclear grade was very high, and there were numerous lymphovascular permeations were seen. The surface showed carcinoma in situ involving von-Brunn's nests. This case shows that carcinoma of UB can show diverse differentiations into numerous histological types and variants, and can express KIT and PDGFRA. The both genes showed no mutations in the present case.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shizuoka City Shimizu Hospital, Shimizu, Shizuoka, Japan. piyo0111jp@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terada
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D001706:Biopsy; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018279:Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003558:Cystoscopy; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D018193:Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019459:Urothelium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha
keywords: KIT; PDGFRA; Urinary bladder; adenocarcinoma; small cell carcinoma; urothelial carcinoma