title: Correlates of persistent sleep complaints after traumatic brain injury.
abstract: The objective of the study was to examine factors associated with persistent sleep complaint (SC) after traumatic brain injury. The study design consisted of a retrospective chart review case series, with longitudinal follow-up data. Subjects were identified from Georgia Model Brain Injury System with sleep data post-injury. Twenty three (47.9%) had no sleep complaint at either 6 or 12 months post-injury or resolved sleep complaint at 12 months (Without Persistent SC group); 25 (52.1%) maintained a sleep complaint from 6 to 12 months or reported a sleep complaint at 12 months post-injury (With Persistent SC group). Demographic, premorbid and peri-injury characteristics and The Neurobehavioral Functioning Inventory (NFI) scores did not differentiate the two groups. The Without Persistent SC group had a slight improvement from 6 to 12 months post-injury in post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms and depression. Significant psychological patterns were identified in those with persistent SC at both 6 and 12 months post-injury, i.e., worse depression and worse PTS symptoms. This trend was apparent at 6 months and became significant at 12 months post-injury. However, subjects with newly emerging sleep complaints at 12 months had similar characteristics as the Without Persistent SC group. The observed psychological patterns associated with persistent sleep complaint in a specific time course after brain injury have important research and clinical implications that merit further study.
authors.affiliation: a Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Atlanta VA Medical Center , Decatur , GA , USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Donald L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bliwise
authors.forename: Theodore M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kutner
authors.forename: Anthony Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Stringer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*