title: Cross-sectional study on prevalence and molecular characteristics of plasmid mediated ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolated from veal calves at slaughter.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The presence of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli in cattle has been reported previously, however information on veal calves is limited. This study describes the prevalence and molecular characteristics of E. coli with non-wild type susceptibility to cefotaxime in veal calves at slaughter.
  
  
  METHODS
  Faecal samples from 100 herds, 10 individual animals per herd, were screened for E. coli with non-wild type susceptibility for cefotaxime. Molecular characterization of ESBL/AmpC genes and plasmids was performed on one isolate per herd by microarray, PCR and sequence analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  66% of the herds were positive for E. coli with non-wild type susceptibility for cefotaxime. Within-herd prevalence varied from zero to 90%. 83% of E. coli producing ESBL/AmpC carried bla(CTX-M) genes, of which bla(CTX-M-1), bla(CTX-M-14) and bla(CTX-M-15) were most prevalent. The dominant plasmids were IncI1 and IncF-type plasmids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A relatively high prevalence of various bla(CTX-M) producing E. coli was found in veal calves at slaughter. The genes were mainly located on IncI1 and IncF plasmids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. J.Hordijk@uu.nl
authors.forename: Joost
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hordijk
authors.forename: Jaap A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wagenaar
authors.forename: Arie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kant
authors.forename: Alieda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Essen-Zandbergen
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dierikx
authors.forename: Kees
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Veldman
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wit
authors.forename: Dik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mevius
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002417:Cattle; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000494:pharmacology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism*; D015995:Prevalence; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C048795:AmpC beta-lactamases; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D002439:Cefotaxime