title: Integrated care in patients with schizophrenia: results of trials published between 2011 and 2013 focusing on effectiveness and efficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Overview on integrated care trials focusing on effectiveness and efficiency published from 2011 to 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 21 non-RCT studies were published from 2011 to 2013. Studies differed in several methodological aspects such as study population, psychotherapeutic approaches used, outcome parameters, follow-up times, fidelities, and implementation of the integrated care model and the nation-specific healthcare context with different control conditions. This makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions. Most studies demonstrated relevant improvements regarding symptoms (P=0.001) and functioning (P=0.01), quality of life (P=0.01), adherence (P<.05) and patient's satisfaction (P=0.01), and reduction of caregiver's stress (P<0.05). Mean total costs were favoring or at least equalizing costs but with positive effects found on subjective health favoring integrated care models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is an increasing interest in the effectiveness and efficiency of integrated care models in patients with mental disorders, specifically in those with severe and persistent mental illness. To increase generalizability, future trials should exactly describe rationales and content of integrated care model and control conditions.
authors.affiliation: Psychosis Centre, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schöttle
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karow
authors.forename: Benno G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Schimmelmann
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lambert
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D019033:Delivery of Health Care, Integrated / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000628:therapy*