title: Coil embolization of a symptomatic left internal mammary arteriovenous fistula.
abstract: Internal mammary artery (IMA) arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are exceedingly rare. There have been a few case reports documenting incidences of IMA AVFs arising from traumatic, iatrogenic, and congenital causes. Recommendations for management of IMA AVFs vary from open surgical ligation-excision to transcatheter embolization to observation. We present an unusual case of a patient who presented with ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure symptoms due to a left IMA AVF that formed after open heart surgery. The patient ultimately underwent percutaneous embolization of the fistulous connection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: Candice Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: Frederick S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Ling
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D011859:Radiography; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation*; D056346:Sternotomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D057772:Vascular System Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: bypass grafts; coronary; embolization; fistulas/shunts