title: Tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA) as a membrane-permeable chelator for interception of biological mobile zinc.
abstract: We report the characterization of tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA) as a membrane-permeable zinc chelator for intercepting biological mobile zinc. Compared to N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN), TPA chelates zinc with faster kinetics in cuvettes, live cells, and brain slices. TPA also is generally less toxic than TPEN in cell culture. Mechanistic analysis indicates that these improvements arise from both the electronic and steric properties of TPA including weaker metal-binding affinity, lower pKa, and smaller size. These results demonstrate that TPA chelation is a valuable addition to the methodologies available for investigating mobile zinc in biology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xiao-an
authors.initials: XA
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lippard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005029:Ethylenediamines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D011725:Pyridines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D005029:Ethylenediamines; D011725:Pyridines; C431843:tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine; D015032:Zinc; C044387:N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine