title: Tranexamic acid reduces postoperative blood loss of degenerative lumbar instability with stenosis in posterior approach lumbar surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: METHODS
  This study is randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) on reducing postoperative blood loss in posterior approach lumbar surgery for degenerative lumbar instability with stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients with degenerative lumbar instability with stenosis were randomized into TXA and control groups, receiving 15 mg/kg body weight of TXA or placebo (0.9 % Sodium chloride solution) intravenously, respectively, before the skin incision was made. The operation of pedicle screw system fixation was performed for all patients, and then selective laminectomy and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) were carried out. Intraoperative and postoperative blood loss were compared between the two groups. And the complication of TXA was also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences between the TXA and control groups in terms of age, sex, body mass index, and operation time. There was no significantly difference in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups. However, in the TXA group, postoperative blood loss was significantly lower than that in the control group (13.0 %). Especially, postoperative blood loss during the first 12 h was reduced by 29.9 % as compared to the control group. There were no thromboembolic events or other complications occurred in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative single-dose TXA can significantly reduce postoperative blood loss in posterior approach lumbar surgery, and there were no significant side effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, China, wangqi_orth@126.com.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hailong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Zhengzhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Meihui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: Mingming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Weijian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Liangbi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055959:Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / Q000601:surgery*; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000601:surgery; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000601:surgery*; D014148:Tranexamic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D014148:Tranexamic Acid