title: Protective effect of sevoflurane on hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion injury in the rat: A dose-response study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischaemia/reperfusion injury is a common problem in hepatic surgery. An appreciation of the role of sevoflurane dose in preconditioning and subsequent hepatoprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury would be useful.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of current study was to investigate the protective effect of sevoflurane preconditioning at different doses on hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised, controlled, laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Department of Anaesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200 to 250 g, randomly assigned to five groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Control group (sham surgery, no ischaemia/reperfusion), I/R group (ischaemia/reperfusion but no sevoflurane pretreatment), S1 [1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) = 2.4%], S2 (1.5 MAC = 3.6%) and S3 (2 MAC = 4.8%) groups with sevoflurane pretreatment, respectively, followed by 60 min ischaemia and 120 min reperfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  At the end of reperfusion, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase as well as superoxide dismutase activity, myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde content in the liver were determined. Histological examination of the liver was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the sevoflurane groups were significantly reduced compared to the elevated levels seen in the I/R group (P < 0.05). In the liver, the I/R-induced increase in myeloperoxidase activity and malondialdehyde level were significantly reduced by all sevoflurane concentrations (P < 0.05). The decrease in superoxide dismutase activity induced by I/R was prevented by all sevoflurane pretreatments (P < 0.05). No significant differences between the S1, S2 and S3 groups were seen in any of the above variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sevoflurane pretreatment exerts a protective effect on hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion injury but there is no significant dose-response relationship in the concentration range used. It is possible that a dose-response relationship might exist at lower concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China. zsp005@163.com
authors.forename: Shao-Peng
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D065840:Protective Factors; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D015415:Biomarkers; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase