title: Novel biomimetic hydroxyapatite/alginate nanocomposite fibrous scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration.
abstract: Hydroxyapatite/alginate nanocomposite fibrous scaffolds were fabricated via electrospinning and a novel in situ synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) that mimics mineralized collagen fibrils in bone tissue. Poorly crystalline HAp nanocrystals, as confirmed by X-ray diffractometer peak approximately at 2θ = 32° and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum with double split bands of PO4(v 4) at 564 and 602 cm(-1), were induced to nucleate and grow at the [-COO(-)]-Ca(2+)-[-COO(-)] linkage sites on electrospun alginate nanofibers impregnated with PO4 (3-) ions. This novel process resulted in a uniform deposition of HAp nanocrystals on the nanofibers, overcoming the severe agglomeration of HAp nanoparticles processed by the conventional mechanical blending/electrospinning method. Preliminary in vitro cell study showed that rat calvarial osteoblasts attached more stably on the surface of the HAp/alginate scaffolds than on the pure alginate scaffold. In general, the osteoblasts were stretched and elongated into a spindle-shape on the HAp/alginate scaffolds, whereas the cells had a round-shaped morphology on the alginate scaffold. The unique nanofibrous topography combined with the hybridization of HAp and alginate can be advantageous in bone tissue regenerative medicine applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. apsiky@gmail.com
authors.forename: Taesik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Heejae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Troczynski
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D032701:Biomimetics / Q000295:instrumentation; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000295:instrumentation; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008422:Materials Testing; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D017886:Durapatite