title: Restricting night-time eating reduces daily energy intake in healthy young men: a short-term cross-over study.
abstract: Few experimental data are available to support the notion that reducing night-time eating changes total daily energy intake (EI) or body weight in healthy adults. The present study primarily examined the short-term effect of night eating restriction (NER) on daily EI in healthy young men. It secondarily examined body weight and moods associated with NER. Using a cross-over design, twenty-nine men (20·9 (sd 2·5) years; 24·4 (sd 2·5) kg/m²) initiated a 2-week NER intervention (elimination of EI from 19.00 to 06.00 hours) and a 2-week control condition, counterbalanced and separated by a 1-week washout period. EI and macronutrient intake were assessed using computerised, multiple-pass 24 h food recalls, body weight via a digital scale and mood using the Profile of Mood States survey. Of the twenty-nine participants, twenty-seven (93 %) completed all aspects of the study. During the NER condition, the participants consumed less total energy per d than during the control condition (10 125 v. 11 146 kJ/d; F= 6·41; P= 0·018). During the NER condition, no energy was reported consumed between 19.00 and 06.00 hours; however, during the control condition, the energy intake of participants was 2920 (sd 1347) kJ/d between 19.00 and 06.00 hours. There was a significant difference in weight change between the NER (-0·4 (sd 1·1) kg) and control (+0·6 (sd 0·9) kg) conditions (F= 22·68; P< 0·001). Differences in total mood score or mood subscales between the NER and control conditions were not apparent (P>0·05). These findings provide support for NER decreasing short-term EI in healthy young men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, 269 SFH, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: LeCheminant
authors.forename: Ed
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Christenson
authors.forename: Bruce W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Larry A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Tucker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000517:prevention & control; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D014589:Utah; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins