title: Changes in body composition, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and eating behavior after an intensive lifestyle intervention with high volume of physical activity in severely obese subjects: a prospective clinical controlled trial.
abstract: We examined the effects of a 10-14-weeks inpatient lifestyle modification program, including minimum 90 min of physical activity (PA) five days/week, on body composition, CVD risk factors, and eating behavior in 139 obese subjects (BMI 42.6 ± 5.2 kg/m²). Completion rate was 71% (n = 71) in the intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) group and 85% (n = 33) among waiting list controls. Compared to controls body weight (-17.0 (95% CI: -18.7, -15.3) kg, P < 0.0001), fat mass (-15.2 (95% CI: -17.4, -13.1) kg, P < 0.0001), fat free mass (-1.2 (95% CI: -2.2, -0.2) kg, P = 0.016) and visceral fat (-86.6(95% CI: -97.4, -75.7) cm², P < 0.0001) were reduced in the ILI-group after 10-14 weeks. Within the ILI-group weight loss was -23.8 (95% CI: -25.9, -21.7) kg, P < 0.0001 and -20.3 (95% CI: -23.3, -17.3) kg, P < 0.0001, after six and 12 months, respectively. Systolic BP, glucose, triglycerides, and LDL-C were reduced, and HDL-C was increased (all P ≤ 0.006) after 10-14 weeks within the ILI group. The reduction in glucose and increase in HDL-C were sustained after 12 months (all P < 0.0001). After one year, weight loss was related to increased cognitive restraint and decreased uncontrolled eating (all P < 0.05). Thus, ILI including high volume of PA resulted in weight loss with almost maintenance of fat-free mass, favorable changes in CVD risk factors, and eating behavior in subjects with severe obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, P.O. Box 4014 Ullevaal Stadion, 0806 Oslo, Norway. k.k.danielsen@nih.no
authors.forename: Kjersti Karoline
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Danielsen
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svendsen
authors.forename: Sverre
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mæhlum
authors.forename: Jorunn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sundgot-Borgen
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D001069:Appetite Regulation; D001823:Body Composition; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009664:Norway; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss