title: Iron status and dietary iron intake of vegetarian children from Poland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In Poland, vegetarian diets are becoming more and more popular. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of iron intake on iron status in vegetarian children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary iron intake, iron food sources, blood count, serum iron, ferritin level and total iron-binding capacity were estimated in two groups of children, namely vegetarians (n = 22) and omnivores (n = 18) of both sexes, aged from 2 to 18 years. Seven-day food records were used to assess their diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dietary iron intake in vegetarians and omnivores was low (up to 65.0 and 60.1% of the recommended dietary allowance). A significantly higher intake of vitamin C was observed in vegetarians compared with omnivores (p = 0.019). The main sources of iron in vegetarians were cereal products, followed by vegetables and mushroom products, then fruit. The prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) was higher in the vegetarian group (p = 0.023). The serum ferritin level and mean corpuscular volume in the vegetarians were also lower than in the omnivores (p = 0.01 and p = 0.014, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children who follow a vegetarian diet may suffer from ID in spite of having a high vitamin C intake. This indicates the need to introduce dietary education and iron status monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Third Department and Clinic of Paediatrics, Immunology and Rheumatology of Developmental Age, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland. daiva.gorczyca@am.wroc.pl
authors.forename: Daiva
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gorczyca
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prescha
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szeremeta
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jankowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D014676:Diet, Vegetarian / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood*; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019266:Iron, Dietary; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron; D001205:Ascorbic Acid