title: Cell wall pectic arabinans influence the mechanical properties of Arabidopsis thaliana inflorescence stems and their response to mechanical stress.
abstract: Little is known of the dynamics of plant cell wall matrix polysaccharides in response to the impact of mechanical stress on plant organs. The capacity of the imposition of a mechanical stress (periodic brushing) to reduce the height of the inflorescence stem of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings has been used to study the role of pectic arabinans in the mechanical properties and stress responsiveness of a plant organ. The arabinan-deficient-1 (arad1) mutation that affects arabinan structures in epidermal cell walls of inflorescence stems is demonstrated to reduce the impact on inflorescence stem heights caused by mechanical stress. The arabinan-deficient-2 (arad2) mutation, that does not have detectable impact on arabinan structures, is also shown to reduce the impact on stem heights caused by mechanical stress. The LM13 linear arabinan epitope is specifically detected in epidermal cell walls of the younger, flexible regions of inflorescence stems and increases in abundance at the base of inflorescence stems in response to an imposed mechanical stress. The strain (percentage deformation) of stem epidermal cells in the double mutant arad1 × arad2 is lower in unbrushed plants than in wild-type plants, but rises to wild-type levels in response to brushing. The study demonstrates the complexity of arabinan structures within plant cell walls and also that their contribution to cell wall mechanical properties is a factor influencing responsiveness to mechanical stress.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Verhertbruggen
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: Jianshe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Knox
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry*; D000939:Epitopes; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D056626:Inflorescence / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009154:Mutation; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010368:Pectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010430:Pentosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D036226:Seedlings / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D000939:Epitopes; D011134:Polysaccharides; C030080:araban; D010368:Pectins; C509629:ARAD1 protein, Arabidopsis; C576737:ARAD2 protein, Arabidopsis; D010430:Pentosyltransferases
keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana; Biomechanics; Cell wall; LM13 epitope; Mechanical stress; Pectic arabinan