title: Anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects of bakkenolide B isolated from Petasites japonicus leaves.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects of Petasites genus, we studied the effects of several compounds isolated from Petasites japonicas leaves.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bakkenolide B was isolated from Petasites japonicus leaves. Antigen-induced degranulation was measured in RBL-2H3 mast cells by measuring β-hexosamidase activity. Induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 was measured by Western blotting in peritoneal macrophages. Ovalbumin-induced asthma model was used for in vivo efficacy test of bakkanolide B.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that bakkenolide B, a major component of the leaves, concentration-dependently inhibited RBL-2H3 mast cell degranulation. Bakkenolide B also inhibited the gene inductions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Furthermore, in an ovalbumin-induced asthma model, bakkenolide B strongly inhibited the accumulation of eosinophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bakkenolide B has suppressive properties for allergic and inflammatory responses and may be utilized as a potent agent for the treatment of asthma.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung-Pil
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Saeromi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Soo-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Young-Whan
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Young-Geun
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong-Soon
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Im
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000941:Antigens; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002452:Cell Count; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010047:Ovalbumin; D036901:Petasites; D008517:Phytotherapy; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000941:Antigens; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C551157:bakkenolide B; D010047:Ovalbumin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: Anti-allergy; Anti-inflammation; Degranulation; Macrophage; Mast cell; Petasites