title: Cryoprotective properties of completely synthetic polyampholytes via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and the effects of hydrophobicity.
abstract: A completely synthetic polyampholyte cryoprotectant was developed with cationic and anionic monomers by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The neutralized random polyampholyte, which had an equal composition ratio of monomers, showed high cryoprotective properties in mammalian cells. Introduction of a small amount of hydrophobic monomer enhanced cell viability after cryopreservation, indicating the importance of hydrophobicity. Leakage experiments confirmed that these polyampholytes protected the cell membrane during cryopreservation. Due to low cytotoxicity, this polyampholyte has the potential to replace the convention cryoprotective agent dimethyl sulfoxide. The present study is the first to show that we can design a polymeric cryoprotectant that will protect the cell membrane during freezing using appropriate polymerization techniques.
authors.affiliation: a School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 1-1 Asahidai, Ishikawa , Nomi , 923-1292 , Japan.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.forename: Minkle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; D011108:Polymers