title: Active extracts of black tea (Camellia Sinensis) induce apoptosis of PC-3 prostate cancer cells via mitochondrial dysfunction.
abstract: Cancer of the prostate gland is the most common invasive malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in human males. Many studies have shown that black tea reduces the risk of several types of cancer. We studied the effects of active extracts of black tea and the black tea polyphenols theaflavins (TFs), on the cellular proliferation and mitochondria of the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Our studies revealed that Yinghong black tea extracts (YBT), Assam black tea extracts (ABT) and TFs inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. We also showed that TFs, YBT and ABT affected the morphology of PC-3 cells and induced apoptosis or even necrosis in PC-3 cells. In addition, it was observed that the samples significantly caused loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c from the intermembrane space into the cytosol, decrease of the ATP content and activation of caspase-3 compared with the control. Taken together, these findings suggest that black tea could act as an effective anti-proliferative agent in PC-3 cells, and TFs, YBT and ABT induced apoptosis of PC-3 cells through mitochondrial dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Drink Plant Research Institute/Tea Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, PR China.
authors.forename: Shili
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Shunshun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Aiqing
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Caijin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Jinchi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chaoyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002392:Catechin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009336:Necrosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D044946:Biflavonoids; D059808:Polyphenols; C056068:theaflavin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002392:Catechin; D045304:Cytochromes c; D053148:Caspase 3