title: Reconstruction of lateral lower lip defects with transverse lip advancement flap.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lower lip defects between one and two thirds of the lower lip are usually reconstructed with neighboring tissues from the upper lip, cheeks, or the mentum or a combination of these tissues. In this article, we offer a simple and effective reconstruction option that can be used for lateral defects between one third and two thirds of lower lip tissue. Utilizing the tremendous flexibility and expandability of the lip tissue, we tried to minimize the incisions and scar, and maximize the sensation and function with transverse advancement flap.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with lateral lower lip defects, after tumor ablation, were treated by this technique. After excision of tumor, the existing incision is extended to medial by following the natural labiomental crease. Full-thickness incision is ended at the level of commissure not to disturb the buccal and marginal mandibular branches of the facial nerve. Intraoral incision is made 1 cm above the gingivobuccal sulcus .The mental nerve was dissected and preserved to keep the sensorial innervation of the lower lip. Thus, transverse advancement labial flap that includes the orbicularis oris with intact neurovascular supply is freed to provide the desired advancement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Satisfactory functional, aesthetical, and sensational results were obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A dynamic reconstruction can be provided with superior results in terms of lip appearance and function with transverse lip advancement flap. In planning a lip reconstruction, we think that transverse lip advancement flap should be considered as a second ladder after primary closure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Tatvan State Hospital, Bitlis, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gamze
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bektas
authors.forename: Ani
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cinpolat
authors.forename: Polat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Biçici
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seyhan
authors.forename: O Koray
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Coskunfirat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004954:Esthetics; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008048:Lip Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply