title: What is relationship between the medial preoptic area, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and Kallmann syndrome?
abstract: The medial preoptic area is a structure located in the hypothalamic anteroventral third ventricle region, and is closely related to the olfactory brain development and sexual differentiation of the brain. The medial preoptic area surrounds the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, and both structures are the main areas where synthesis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone occurs in the brain. Neurons synthesizing gonadotropin-releasing hormone migrate from the medial nasal epithelium to the rostral brain and reach the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and the medial preoptic area. Kallmann syndrome is a genetic disorder which combines hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia. Hypogonadism is characterized by the absence or reduced levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and anosmia due to olfactory bulb aplasia. This paper speculates on the connection between the development of the medial preoptic area, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and olfactory bulbs with Kallmann syndrome, since the anteroventral third ventricle region is crucial for the normal development of these structures and its connection with the olfactory nerves and sexual maturation.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anatomía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain. acastaneyra@gmail.es
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castañeyra-Perdomo
authors.forename: Leandro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castañeyra-Ruiz
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: González-Marrero
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castañeyra-Ruiz
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: González-Toledo
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Paz-Carmona
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castañeyra-Ruiz
authors.forename: Emilia M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Carmona-Calero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology*; D017436:Kallmann Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011301:Preoptic Area / Q000502:physiology*