title: Does morphology of carotid plaque depend on patient's oxidative stress?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study explored the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and stability of carotid plaque. We decided to analyze the broad range of parameters describing oxidative stress in patients with carotid stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  124 consecutive patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were enrolled in the study group. The control group consisted of 49 patients without symptoms of atherosclerosis. The stability of carotid plaques was assessed using GSM (gray-scale median) scoring system and the study group was divided into three subgroups according to echogenicity of the plaque. The following parameters of oxidative stress/DNA damage were analyzed: i) urinary excretion of the products of oxidative DNA damage repair; ii) the background level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in leukocytes' DNA and in atherosclerotic plaques; and iii) the concentrations of antioxidant vitamins, uric acid and C-reactive protein in plasma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oxidative stress (described by redox status) was higher in the patient group than in the control group. There is a correlation between oxidative stress of the patients and stability of the plaque, echolucent plaques (GSM<25) being associated with the highest antioxidant level and lowest excretion of DNA repair markers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The plaque formation/morphology may depend on local environment and is independent of oxidative stress/inflammation observed on the level of the whole body.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland. Electronic address: rafalr@cm.umk.pl.
authors.forename: Rafal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rozalski
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Arkadiusz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Migdalski
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gackowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guz
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siomek
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foksinski
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szpila
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewelina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zarakowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Angiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majer
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Arkadiusz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jawien
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olinski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants
keywords: 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine; 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine; 8-oxoGua; 8-oxodG; Atherosclerosis; C-reactive protein; CRP; Carotid stenosis; DNA damage; GC/MS; GSM; HPLC; IQR; Oxidative stress; ROS; gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detection; gray-scale median scoring system; high-performance liquid chromatography; interquartile range; reactive oxygen species