title: Evaluating internet health resources in ear, nose, and throat surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the quality, accessibility, usability, reliability, and readability of Web sites that provide information on common ear, nose, and throat conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Several standardized and validated appraisal instruments and questionnaires designed to rate Web sites providing online health information were used to evaluate the content of online ear, nose, and throat health information.
  
  
  METHODS
  The terms "cholesteatoma," "sinusitis," "tonsillitis," "acute otitis media," "epistaxis," and "quinsy" (peritonsillar abscess), representing six common ear, nose, and throat conditions, were entered separately into the Internet search engine Google. Web sites satisfying the inclusion criteria from the first 30 results of each search were evaluated for content quality using the DISCERN rating instrument, for accessibility, usability, and reliability using the LIDA rating instrument, and for readability using the Flesch Reading Ease score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 180 Web sites identified, 124 (68.9%) satisfied the inclusion criteria. The mean overall DISCERN score for quality was "poor," at 39/80 (range, 16-70). The DISCERN instrument rated 2 (1.6%) Web sites as "excellent," 14 (11.3%) as "good," 40 (32.3%) as "fair," 38 (30.6%) as "poor," and 30 (24.2%) as "very poor." The mean overall LIDA score for accessibility, usability, and reliability was "moderate," at 114/165 (69.3%; range, 61-142). The mean Flesch Reading Ease score for the readability of Web sites was 42.3/100 (range, 10.7-71.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of validated instruments is necessary to reduce the risks from patients accessing misinformation. They can guide health care professionals with their role in directing patients to high-quality sources of information and endorsing Web sites that meet high standards.
authors.affiliation: Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom. goslinra@cardiff.ac.uk
authors.forename: Ross A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Goslin
authors.forename: Hassan A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Elhassan
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D054626:Consumer Health Information / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination; D020407:Internet; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057386:Search Engine