title: Genetic variability, evolution, and biological effects of Grapevine fanleaf virus satellite RNAs.
abstract: Large satellite RNAs (type B satRNAs) of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) from the genus Nepovirus, family Secoviridae were identified in a naturally infected vineyard and a grapevine germplasm collection. These GFLV satRNA variants had a higher nucleotide sequence identity with satRNAs of Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) strains NW and J86 (93.8 to 94.6%) than with the satRNA of GFLV strain F13 and those of other ArMV strains (68.3 to 75.0%). Phylogenetic analyses showed no distinction of GFLV and ArMV satRNAs with respect to the identity of the helper virus. Seven stretches of 8 to 15 conserved nucleotides (I-VII) were identified in the 5' region of subgroup A nepovirus genomic RNAs GFLV, ArMV, and Grapevine deformation virus) and nepovirus type B satRNAs, including previously reported motif I, suggesting that large satRNAs might have originated from recombination between an ancestral subgroup A nepovirus RNA and an unknown RNA sequence with the 5' region acting as a putative cis-replication element. A comparative analysis of two GFLV strains carrying or absent of satRNAs showed no discernable effect on virus accumulation and symptom expression in Chenopodium quinoa, a systemic herbaceous host. This work sheds light on the origin and biological effects of large satRNAs associated with subgroup A nepoviruses.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gottula
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lapato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cantilina
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bartlett
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fuchs
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D005075:Biological Evolution; D027465:Chenopodium quinoa / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D006378:Helper Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017860:Nepovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000821:virology; D019244:RNA, Satellite / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014779:Virus Replication; D027843:Vitis / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D019244:RNA, Satellite; D012367:RNA, Viral