title: Longer term effects of closed repair of pectus excavatum on cardiopulmonary status.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The "Nuss" repair is done for correction of moderate to severe pectus excavatum (PE). The long term cardiopulmonary and psychosocial effects of repair are uncertain. The objective of this study was to compare cardiopulmonary function and subjective evaluation of appearance and exercise tolerance pre-bar insertion with post-bar removal.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients underwent preoperative and post-bar (3 month) removal evaluation with complete pulmonary function tests, exercise stress testing, echocardiogram, and self-rated appearance and exercise tolerance scoring. The protocol was approved by the regional ethics board, and all families gave informed consent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-seven patients underwent pre and post testing. Preoperative CT index was 4.4 ± 1.3. Cardiopulmonary outcomes, standardized for height and weight, showed significant improvements in FEV-1 as (pre) 81.1 ± 17.0 vs post 89.8 ± 20.5*, FVC: 91.2 ± 18.6 vs 98.9 ± 22.9*, O2 pulse: 75.8 ± 14.4 vs 80.5 ± 18.3* (each as % predicted). Both the self-ratings of appearance (2.5 ± 0.8 vs 4.4 ± 0.5) and ability to exercise (3.3 ± 0.7 vs 4.3 ± 0.6, scale 1-5) increased significantly. (All data: mean ± St Dev, *p<0.05) CONCLUSIONS: Closed repair of PE results in improvements in pulmonary and aerobic exercise function and perceived appearance and exercise tolerance. Our data suggest that the impact on appearance and self-perceived well being is greater than the physical effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T3B 6A8.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Keefe
authors.forename: Roisin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Byrne
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harder
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Sigalet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001828:Body Image; D004954:Esthetics; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005660:Funnel Chest / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D008297:Male; D009984:Orthopedic Fixation Devices; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen