title: Carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel as a composite material for bone tissue engineering applications.
abstract: Natural bone is a complex inorganic-organic nanocomposite material, in which hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals and collagen fibrils are well organized into hierarchical architecture over several length scales. In this work, we reported a new hybrid material (CMC-HA) containing HA drown in a carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-based hydrogel. The strategy for inserting HA nanocrystals within the hydrogel matrix consists of making the freeze-dried hydrogel to swell in a solution containing HA microcrystals. The composite CMC-HA hydrogel has been characterized from a physicochemical and morphological point of view by means of FTIR spectroscopy, rheological measurements, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). No release of HA was measured in water or NaCl solution. The distribution of HA crystal on the surface and inside the hydrogel was determined by time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and FESEM. The biological performance of CMC-HA hydrogel were tested by using osteoblast MG63 line and compared with a CMC-based hydrogel without HA. The evaluation of osteoblast markers and gene expression showed that the addition of HA to CMC hydrogel enhanced cell proliferation and metabolic activity and promoted the production of mineralized extracellular matrix.
authors.affiliation: C.R.I.S.M.A. University of Siena, 53034, Colle di Val d'Elsa, (SI), Italy; Prior at Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pasqui
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Torricelli
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Cagna
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fini
authors.forename: Rolando
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barbucci
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D017886:Durapatite / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012996:Solutions; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012996:Solutions; D014867:Water; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D017886:Durapatite; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
keywords: biological markers; carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel; hydroxyapatite; osteoblasts