title: Factors related to performance-based mobility and self-reported physical activity in individuals 1-3 years after stroke: a cross-sectional cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Low mobility and low level of physical activity is common after stroke. The objective of this study was to relate these outcomes to physical, psychological, and demographic determinants.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional cohort study, a consecutive sample of 195 community-living individuals, 65-85 years of age (74±5 years, 71% men) with a previous stroke was included. Exclusion criteria were severe aphasia and severe cognitive dysfunction. Mobility status was measured by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB, 0-12 points), and physical activity was measured using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mobility (SPPB, median 9 points) and level of physical activity were low (mean PASE 97±66 points), and walking speed was slow (1.10±.86 m/s), in relation to a healthy population-based sample. In multiple regression analyses, age (P=.001), physical activity (P<.001), fall-related self-efficacy (P=.001), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (P=.02) were associated with mobility (SPPB). Mobility (P<.001), HRQoL (P=.014), and fall-related self-efficacy (P=.031) were likewise associated with self-reported physical activity as the dependent variable. The regression models described 42% and 31% of the variance in mobility and physical activity, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals perceived disabilities that are partly potentially modifiable 1-3 years after stroke. Future poststroke rehabilitation studies need to evaluate if actions to improve fall-related self-efficacy and mobility could promote the physical activity level in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Physiotherapy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: Birgit.Vahlberg@neuro.uu.se.
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vahlberg
authors.forename: Tommy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cederholm
authors.forename: Birgitta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lindmark
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zetterberg
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hellström
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005080:Exercise Test; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D009043:Motor Activity; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D020377:Self Efficacy; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D013548:Sweden; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016138:Walking
keywords: Stroke; fall-related self-efficacy; health-related quality of life; mobility; multiple regression; physical activity; walking speed