title: Critical care of persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed the prognosis for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). With effective ART, these individuals can expect to live almost as long as their HIV-negative counterparts. Given that more than a million people infected with HIV currently live in the United States, the likelihood that the practicing intensivist will manage a patient infected with HIV is high. This review discusses the challenges associated with management of critically ill patients infected with HIV, including the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (a complication associated with ART initiation), ART-related toxicities, and the management of some common opportunistic infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA. Anuradha.ganesan.civ@health.mil
authors.forename: Anuradha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ganesan
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masur
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003422:Critical Care; D016638:Critical Illness; D004347:Drug Interactions; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents