title: Transthyretin is a key regulator of myoblast differentiation.
abstract: Transthyretin (TTR) is a known carrier protein for thyroxine (T4) and retinol-binding protein in the blood that is primarily synthesized in the liver and choroid plexus of the brain. Herein, we report that the TTR gene is expressed in skeletal muscle tissue and up-regulated during myotube formation in C2C12 cells. TTR silencing (TTRkd) significantly reduced myogenin expression and myotube formation, whereas myogenin silencing (MYOGkd) did not have any effect on TTR gene expression. Both TTRkd and MYOGkd led to a decrease in calcium channel related genes including Cav1.1, STIM1 and Orai1. A significant decrease in intracellular T4 uptake during myogenesis was observed in TTRkd cells. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that TTR initiates myoblast differentiation via affecting expression of the genes involved during early stage of myogenesis and the genes related to calcium channel.
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Abdul R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.forename: Majid Rasool
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kamli
authors.forename: Smritee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pokharel
authors.forename: Tahoon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Yong-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang-Seop
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Nahm
authors.forename: Joo Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Seong Koo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Bohsuk
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ki Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Sang Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Inho
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018008:Myogenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011228:Prealbumin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D018008:Myogenin; D011228:Prealbumin