title: Effects of occupational role conflict and emotional demands on subsequent psychological distress: a 3-year follow-up study of the general working population in Norway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the impact of occupational role conflict and emotional demands on subsequent psychological distress.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomly drawn cohort from the general Norwegian working-age population was followed up for 3 years (n = 12,550; response rate = 67%). Eligible respondents were in paid work during the reference week in 2006 and 2009 or temporarily absent from such work (n = 6,745; response rate = 68%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the fully adjusted model, both high role conflict (odds ratios = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.15 to 2.03) and high emotional demands (odds ratios = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.69) were significant predictors of psychological distress. Additional significant predictors were low job control, bullying/harassment, and job insecurity (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering all of the evaluated work-related factors, role conflict and emotional demands contributed the most to the population risk of developing psychological distress.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway. hajo@stami.no
authors.forename: Håkon A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Johannessen
authors.forename: Tore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tynes
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sterud
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D058445:Bullying / Q000523:psychology; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D017009:Professional Autonomy; D024382:Professional Role / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult