title: Clinical and radiological evaluation of inverse impaction of supernumerary teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical and radiological features of children with inverted supernumerary teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty eight patients with inverted supernumerary teeth (ST) were enrolled in this descriptive and restrospective study. Data from patient records including age, gender, status of dentition, number of ST, number of ST in inverted position, coexistence of ST in inverted and normal direction of eruption, location, orientation, morphology, clinical complications, management and radiography were assessed during 3-years period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty eight patients with a mean age of 9.10 ± 1.97 years (range:6-13) and a strong male preponderance of 3.7:1 (male:30, female:8) had a total of 69 ST, of which 41 were in inverted position. Thirty five patients had one (92.1%) inverted tooth, whereas 3 patients had two inverted teeth per case (7.9%). All cases were located in the maxilla. Midline was the most frequent site for the single inverted supernumerary tooth in 18 (47.4%) patients, followed equally by the right and left premaxillary region in 10 patients each (26.3%). Regarding morphology, 30 patients had conical (78.9%) and 8 (21.1%) had incisiform ST. No tuberculate shaped ST was detected. There was no statistically significant difference between number of inverted teeth and delayed tooth eruption, diastema, local malocclusion, palatinal swelling (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between complications and age (p>0.05). Surgical removal at the time of diagnosis with subsequent follow-up during completion of permanent dentition was the treatment approach in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thorough clinical examination followed by a comprehensive radiographic screening is the crucial determinant of an accurate diagnosis of an impacted ST. Early diagnosis and timely management are key factors to prevent or minimize the complications, which may influence function and esthetics of the teeth and even psychological condition of the growing child.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. ebtuna@istanbul.edu.tr
authors.forename: Elif-Bahar
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Tuna
authors.forename: Esma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kurklu
authors.forename: Koray
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gencay
authors.forename: Gulsum
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014096:Tooth, Supernumerary / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*