title: Composition characterization and clinical efficacy study of a salmon egg extract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is an increasing demand for scientifically documented over-the-counter products on the cosmetic market. Salmon eggs are rich in proteins, vitamins and minerals with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as free amino acids and lipids documented to be beneficial for skin. Of the fatty acids, several are commonly used as skin penetration enhancers. The unique combination of active substances led us to study whether an extract from salmon eggs could serve as an ingredient for skin care.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial with 66 healthy female volunteers. Efficacy of the salmon egg extract was evaluated at concentrations of 1% and 5% in vehicle formulation, and responses after 7, 14, 28 and 56 days of treatment were compared with baseline. Composition of the extract was analysed to improve the understanding of the effects of the extract on skin. The salmon egg extract was safety-tested by repeat insult patch test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment of facial skin with the salmon egg extract significantly improved all parameters investigated, wrinkles, pigmentation, redness, brightness and hydration and led to global improvement of the facial skin. Efficacy of the extract was dose dependent and time dependent. There were no adverse reactions noted during the course of the repeat insult patch test, demonstrating that the extract causes neither skin irritation nor sensitization. Furthermore, chemical analyses of the extract revealed the composition of a vast number of active substances, including unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, proteins, minerals, DNA and RNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The salmon egg extract serves as a skin care ingredient that significantly improves characteristics important for perception of skin ageing and health. The efficacy of the treatment is conceivably accounted for by the unique combination of numerous active substances present in the salmon egg extract.
authors.affiliation: Regenics AS, PO Box 4536, Nydalen, 0404, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Lønne
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gammelsaeter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haglerød
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010063:Ovum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010328:Patch Tests; D012474:Salmon; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D003358:Cosmetics
keywords: ageing; claim substantiation; penetration; randomized clinical trial; safety testing