title: Plant oils were associated with low prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism in Japanese workers.
abstract: Fatty acid has been suggested to be involved in development of diabetes. However, its association is unclear among Japanese populations, which consume large amounts of fish rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The present cross-sectional study examined the association of individual dietary fatty acids and dietary fatty acid patterns with abnormal glucose metabolism among 1065 Japanese employees, aged 18-69 years. Impaired glucose metabolism is defined if a person has a history of diabetes, current use of anti-diabetic drug, fasting plasma glucose of 110 mg/dl (≥6.1 mmol/L) or greater, or hemoglobin A1C of 6.0% (≥42 mmol/mol) or greater. Dietary intake was assessed with a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary fatty acid patterns were extracted by principal component analysis. Odds ratios of impaired glucose metabolism according to tertile categories of each fatty acids and dietary fatty acid patterns were estimated using logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounding variables. A higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acid, n-6 fatty acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid were significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism (P for trend = 0.03, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.04, respectively). Alpha-linolenic acid was marginally significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism (P for trend = 0.12). Of three fatty acid patterns identified, a higher plant oil pattern score, which characterized by high intake of alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid, was associated with a decreased prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism (P for trend = 0.03). No association was observed for other patterns. In conclusion, plant source fatty acids might be protectively associated with development of diabetes in Japanese adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. kkurotani@ri.ncgm.go.jp
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurotani
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kochi
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nanri
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuruoka
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuwahara
authors.forename: Ngoc Minh
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Isamu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kabe
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizoue
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015995:Prevalence; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005395:Fish Oils; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010938:Plant Oils; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human