title: Pathogenesis of malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.
abstract: Malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (MA-ARDS) is an increasingly reported, often lethal, and incompletely understood complication of malaria. We discuss and compare the pathogenesis of MA-ARDS in patients and in different murine models, including recent models without cerebral involvement, and summarize the roles of different leukocyte subclasses, adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. In patients as well as in mice, severe edema and impaired gas exchange are associated with abundant inflammatory infiltrates consisting of mainly mononuclear cells and parasite sequestration, and the pathogenesis appears different from cerebral malaria (CM). Experimental anti-inflammatory interventions are successful in mice and remain to be validated in patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. philippe.vandensteen@rega.kuleuven.be
authors.forename: Philippe E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Van den Steen
authors.forename: Katrien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deroost
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deckers
authors.forename: Evelien
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Herck
authors.forename: Sofie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Struyf
authors.forename: Ghislain
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Opdenakker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008288:Malaria / Q000150:complications* / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines