title: Quantifying the effect of changes in state-level adult smoking rates on youth smoking.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Quantify the degree to which changes in state-level adult smoking prevalence subsequently influence youth smoking prevalence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of data from the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) collected from 1995 to 2006 and the National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) collected from 1999 to 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults 25 years or older who completed the TUS-CPS and youth in middle and high school who completed the NYTS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Current smoking among middle and high school students as a function of the change in state-level adult smoking, controlling for individual-level sociodemographic characteristics and state-level tobacco control policy variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among middle school students, declines in state-level adult smoking rates are associated with lower odds of current smoking (P < .05), and each doubling of the decline in adult smoking rates is associated with a 6.0% decrease in youth smoking. Among high school students, declines in state-level adult smoking rates are not associated with current smoking. Higher cigarette prices were associated with lower odds of smoking among middle and high school students. Greater population coverage by smoke-free air laws and greater funding for tobacco control programs were associated with lower odds of current smoking among high school students but not middle school students. Compliance with youth access laws was not associated with middle or high school smoking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By quantifying the effect of changes in state-level adult smoking rates on youth smoking, this study enhances the precision with which the tobacco control community can assess the return on investment for adult-focused tobacco control programs.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Policy Research Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Dr Farrelly and Mss Arnold and Allen); and Tobacco Surveillance, Evaluation and Research, Bureau of Chronic Disease Evaluation and Research, New York State Department of Health, Albany (Dr Juster).
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Farrelly
authors.forename: Kristin Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Harlan R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Juster
authors.forename: Jane A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003625:Data Collection; D005190:Family; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D010379:Peer Group; D015995:Prevalence; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012907:Smoking / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012931:Social Environment; D066262:Social Norms; D013219:State Government; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution