title: Prognostic impact of tumor IL-6 expression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Elevated serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels have been associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with esophageal carcinoma. The purpose of the present study was to clarify such a relationship in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with a focus on the possible influence of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on tumor IL-6 expression. Data regarding 41 patients with clinical T3-T4 tumors who underwent induction chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (CRT group) and 60 patients with clinical T1-T4 tumors who underwent surgery alone (Surgery group) between 2001 and 2010, were retrospectively analyzed. Tumor IL-6 expression in resected specimens was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Tumor IL-6 expression was detected in patients with advanced tumors in the Surgery group (21.1% in p(stage) III-IV vs. 0.2% in p(stage) I-II; 27.8% in pT3-4 vs. 0% in pT1-2), and also correlated with primary tumor progression and surgical curability in the Surgery group. In addition, patients with IL-6-positive tumors had significantly shorter overall survival than those with IL-6-negative tumors in the CRT group, and tumor IL-6 expression had an independent prognostic value in multivariate analysis, whereas no significant difference in overall survival was observed between patients with IL-6-positive and those with IL-6-negative tumors in the Surgery group. These results indicate that pre-treatment tumor IL-6 expression correlates with primary tumor progression, and CRT-induced tumor IL-6 expression predicts poor prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Akinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furutani
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikai
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiozaki
authors.forename: Shuhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: Yasutoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuriu
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikoma
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Eigo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Otsuji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016328:NF-kappa B
keywords: Tumor IL-6; chemoradiotherapy; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; prognosis