title: Relationship between the solubility, dosage and antioxidant capacity of carnosic acid in raw and cooked ground buffalo meat patties and chicken patties.
abstract: Antioxidant capacity of oil soluble and water dispersible carnosic acid (CA) extracted from dried rosemary leaves using HPLC was evaluated at two different dosages (22.5 ppm vs 130 ppm) in raw and cooked ground buffalo meat patties and chicken patties. Irrespective of total phenolic content, CA extracts reduced (p<0.05) the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) by 39%-47% and 37%-40% in cooked buffalo meat and chicken patties at lower dosage (22.5 ppm) relative to control samples. However, at higher dosage (130 ppm) the TBARS values were reduced (p<0.05) by 86%-96% and 78%-87% in cooked buffalo meat and chicken patties compared to controls. The CA extracts were also effective in inhibiting (p<0.05) peroxide value and free fatty acids in cooked buffalo meat and chicken patties. The CA extracts when used at higher dosage, were also effective in stabilizing raw buffalo meat color.
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre on Meat, Chengicherla, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500092, India. naveenlpt@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Naveena
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vaithiyanathan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muthukumar
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Y Praveen
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiran
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Shaju
authors.forename: K Ramesh
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Chandran
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002020:Buffaloes; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003116:Color; D003296:Cooking; D005519:Food Preservation; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D008786:Metmyoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D019800:Phenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D008786:Metmyoglobin; D019800:Phenol; C018381:salvin