title: Placental three-dimensional power Doppler indices in mid-pregnancy and late pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to evaluate placental three-dimensional power Doppler indices in diabetic pregnancies in the second and third trimesters and to compare them with those of the normal controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Placental vascularization of pregnant women was determined by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound technique. The calculated indices included vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI). Uncomplicated pregnancies (n = 113) were compared with pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 56) and diabetes mellitus (n = 43).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three-dimensional power Doppler indices were not significantly different between the two diabetic subgroups. All the indices in diabetic patients were significantly reduced compared with those in non-diabetic individuals (p < 0.001). Placental three-dimensional power Doppler indices are slightly diminished throughout diabetic pregnancy [regression coefficients: -0.23 (FI), -0.06 (VI), and -0.04 (VFI)] and normal pregnancy [regression coefficients: -0.13 (FI), -0.20 (VI), and -0.11 (VFI)]. The uteroplacental circulation (umbilical and uterine artery) was not correlated significantly to the three-dimensional power Doppler indices. If all placental indices are low during late pregnancy, then the odds of the diabetes are significantly high (adjusted odds ratio: 1.10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A decreased placental vascularization could be an adjunct sonographic marker in the diagnosis of diabetic pregnancy in mid-gestation and late gestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, 1, Semmelweis u, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Surányi
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kozinszky
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molnár
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nyári
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bitó
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pál
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D010920:Placenta / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D021041:Placental Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055988:Uterine Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging