title: Cell polarity and patterning by PIN trafficking through early endosomal compartments in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins localize asymmetrically at the plasma membrane and mediate intercellular polar transport of the plant hormone auxin that is crucial for a multitude of developmental processes in plants. PIN localization is under extensive control by environmental or developmental cues, but mechanisms regulating PIN localization are not fully understood. Here we show that early endosomal components ARF GEF BEN1 and newly identified Sec1/Munc18 family protein BEN2 are involved in distinct steps of early endosomal trafficking. BEN1 and BEN2 are collectively required for polar PIN localization, for their dynamic repolarization, and consequently for auxin activity gradient formation and auxin-related developmental processes including embryonic patterning, organogenesis, and vasculature venation patterning. These results show that early endosomal trafficking is crucial for cell polarity and auxin-dependent regulation of plant architecture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Gent, Belgium. hirokazu.tanaka@bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Saeko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitakura
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rakusová
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Mugurel I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Feraru
authors.forename: Riet
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Rycke
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakimoto
authors.forename: Jiří
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Friml
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000235:genetics*; D056445:Cytoplasmic Dyneins / Q000235:genetics*; D011992:Endosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D051938:Munc18 Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000235:genetics; D022161:Transport Vesicles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D051938:Munc18 Proteins; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C523325:BEN1 protein, Arabidopsis; C427758:DYNLL1 protein, human; D056445:Cytoplasmic Dyneins