title: Membrane fouling caused by sub-micron particles in a mixed liquor suspension of an MBR.
abstract: Membrane fouling needs to be mitigated for widespread use of membrane bioreactors (MBRs). It has been pointed out that particles with small sizes found in supernatants (sub-micron particles) of mixed liquor suspensions of MBRs are important in the evolution of membrane fouling of this technology. However, information on characteristics of sub-micron particles in MBRs is still insufficient. In this study, a pilot-scale MBR treating municipal wastewater was used to investigate and characterize sub-micron particles in an MBR and to identify the size fraction(s) responsible for irreversible fouling in an MBR. It was clearly shown that characteristics of sub-micron particles in the MBR varied considerably depending on their sizes. Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis and monosaccharide analysis suggested that irreversible fouling in this study was mainly caused by the specific size fraction of 0.1-0.45 μm, which was close to the size of micropores of the membrane used. Pore plugging might explain this to some extent.
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan. kkatsu@eng.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ogyu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuyuhara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D019149:Bioreactors; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D010316:Particle Size; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009005:Monosaccharides