title: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of fucoxanthin from Undaria pinnatifida.
abstract: Undaria pinnatifida, commonly known as wakame in Japan, is one species of brown seaweeds containing valuable bioactive organic compounds such as fucoxanthin, a carotenoid, which has numerous functional properties. However, most of the seaweeds that do not meet strict quality standards are normally discarded as wastes or returned to the sea, a situation which is becoming an environmental concern. In this research, supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) extraction was investigated for the isolation of fucoxanthin. SCCO₂ extraction experiments were carried out at temperature range of 25-60 °C and pressure range of 20-40 MPa, at a carbon dioxide flow rate of 1.0-4.0 mL/min. Results showed that fucoxanthin recovery closed to 80% could be obtained at 40 °C and 40 MPa in extraction time of 180 min. The recovery increased with decreasing temperature and increasing pressure. Pretreatment with microwave (MW) also enhanced the efficiency of extraction due most likely to disruption of the cell membrane. Application of SCCO₂, generally regarded as safe and environmentally benign solvent, for extraction of useful bioactive compounds from unwanted or substandard seaweeds look promising in the near future. The extracts obtained using the method can be utilized as food and pharmaceutical additive, and can be used in the development of new health supplements.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto 860-855, Japan.
authors.forename: Armando T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Quitain
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Motonobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000295:instrumentation; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000191:economics; D005525:Food-Processing Industry / Q000191:economics; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis / Q000191:economics; D007564:Japan; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry*; D044648:Undaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000032:analysis / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D024341:Xanthophylls; C025164:fucoxanthin; D002245:Carbon Dioxide