title: Surface characterization, biomechanical, and histologic evaluation of alumina and bioactive resorbable blasting textured surfaces in titanium implant healing chambers: an experimental study in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was conducted to determine whether biomechanical and histologic parameters would differ between implant surfaces blasted with bioactive ceramic resorbable media (biologic blasting) and blasted with alumina and acid-etched.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen beagle dogs were used. Eight animals received two implants of each surface per limb, and each limb provided samples that remained in vivo for 3 and 6 weeks. The other six animals received two implants of each surface in one limb, which remained in vivo for 1 week. After euthanization, half of the implants were subjected to torque-to-interface fracture; the other half of the implants were processed for nondecalcified histology to calculate bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO). Statistical analysis was performed with the Kruskal-Wallis test (95% level of significance).
  
  
  RESULTS
  While no significant differences were observed for BIC and BAFO between surfaces at all three times in vivo and for torque levels at 1 and 3 weeks, a significantly higher torque was observed for the biologic blasting group after 6 weeks in vivo. Bone morphology was similar between groups at all times.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant increase in early biomechanical fixation was observed for implants with the biologic blasting surface. However, no significant differences were observed for BIC and BAFO at any observation point.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.
authors.forename: Lukasz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Witek
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Granato
authors.forename: Estevam A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bonfante
authors.forename: Felipe E B
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Julio Bisinotto
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Paulo G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Coelho
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000497:Alloys; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001863:Bone Screws; D002516:Ceramics; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D004285:Dogs; D007368:Interferometry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D015921:Dental Implants; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D014025:Titanium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide