title: Management of Klippel-Feil syndrome combined with Turner syndrome: a case report.
abstract: A 12-year-old female with Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) combined with Turner syndrome (TS) and a submucous cleft palate (CP) was presented. The patient reportedly had TS and had received growth hormone (GH) therapy. Because of her skeletal Class III pattern with a steep mandibular plane angle, facial asymmetry, and fused cervical vertebrae, the effects of the GH on her craniofacial complex needed to be considered at the start of orthopedic/orthodontic treatment. To manage submucous CP with severe maxillary deficiency, a rigid external distraction (RED) device was used. The total active treatment time was 34 months including distraction osteogenesis (DO). Treatment improved both her occlusion and facial appearance.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Orthodontic Program, Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A.T. Still University, USA.
authors.forename: Jae Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Yasumori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000002:abnormalities; D002648:Child; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications; D003481:Cuspid / Q000601:surgery; D016267:External Fixators; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007714:Klippel-Feil Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000295:instrumentation; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone