title: Evaluation of patient doses and lens radiation doses to interventional cardiologists in a nationwide survey in Chile.
abstract: The objective of this study was to perform a nationwide survey in Chile to determine dose levels to patients and staff in four risk scenarios during cardiac catheterisation procedures. Different phantom thicknesses of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) were used to simulate adult patients. Scenario 1: 10-min fluoroscopy and 800 cine frames for 20 cm of PMMA; Scenario 2: 10-min fluoroscopy and 800 cine frames for 28 cm of PMMA; Scenario 3: 30-min fluoroscopy and 2400 cine frames for 20 cm of PMMA; Scenario 4: 30-min fluoroscopy and 2400 cine frames for 28 cm of PMMA. The average values regarding dose-area product and scattered doses at the cardiologist eye lens achieved for the four scenarios were 94, 249, 281, 747 Gy cm(2) and 0.3, 0.8, 0.9 and 2.5 mSv, respectively. Large variations in radiation doses received by both patients and staff for the same type of procedure suggest that optimising procedure protocols and using the most effective types of protective devices may substantially reduce the dose values found here.
authors.affiliation: Medical Technology Department, Study Center in Radiological Sciences (CECRAD), Health Sciences Faculty and CHIDE, Tarapaca University, Arica, Chile.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ubeda
authors.forename: Eliseo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vano
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Valenzuela
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vergara
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guarda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002309:Cardiology; D002677:Chile; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate