title: Mechanisms of mitochondrial fission and fusion.
abstract: Mitochondria continually change shape through the combined actions of fission, fusion, and movement along cytoskeletal tracks. The lengths of mitochondria and the degree to which they form closed networks are determined by the balance between fission and fusion rates. These rates are influenced by metabolic and pathogenic conditions inside mitochondria and by their cellular environment. Fission and fusion are important for growth, for mitochondrial redistribution, and for maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial network. In addition, mitochondrial fission and fusion play prominent roles in disease-related processes such as apoptosis and mitophagy. Three members of the Dynamin family are key components of the fission and fusion machineries. Their functions are controlled by different sets of adaptor proteins on the surface of mitochondria and by a range of regulatory processes. Here, we review what is known about these proteins and the processes that regulate their actions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. avan@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: van der Bliek
authors.forename: Qinfang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Sumihiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawajiri
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology*; D034281:Dynamins / Q000378:metabolism*; D063154:Mitochondrial Dynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010766:Phosphorylation; D054875:Ubiquitination
chemical_list: D034281:Dynamins