title: Highly stable and degradable multifunctional microgel for self-regulated insulin delivery under physiological conditions.
abstract: The response to glucose, pH and temperature, high drug loading capacity, self-regulated drug delivery and degradation in vivo are simultaneously probable by applying a multifunctional microgel under a rational design in a colloid chemistry method. Such multifunctional microgels are fabricated with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), (2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and 3-acrylamidephenylboronic acid (AAPBA) through a precipitation emulsion method and cross-linked by reductive degradable N,N'-bis(arcyloyl)cystamine (BAC). This novel kind of microgel with a narrow size distribution (∼250 nm) is suitable for diabetes because it can adapt to the surrounding medium of different glucose concentrations over a clinically relevant range (0-20 mM), control the release of preloaded insulin and is highly stable under physiological conditions (pH 7.4, 0.15 M NaCl, 37 °C). When synthesized multifunctional microgels regulate drug delivery, they gradually degrade as time passes and, as a result, show enhanced biocompatibility. This exhibits a new proof-of-concept for diabetes treatment that takes advantage of the properties of each building block from a multifunctional micro-object. These highly stable and versatile multifunctional microgels have the potential to be used for self-regulated therapy and monitoring of the response to treatment, or even simultaneous diagnosis as nanobiosensors.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
authors.forename: Xinjie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shaoyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Chunmei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mingzhu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000737:chemistry; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007328:Insulin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: C419826:3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid; D000178:Acrylamides; D001897:Boronic Acids; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005782:Gels; D007328:Insulin; D008689:Methacrylates; C067295:N-isopropylacrylamide; C049840:2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate