title: Gerbera micropropagation.
abstract: Gerbera jamesonii (gerbera) is an important cut-flower in the global floricultural industry. Micropropagation is the main system used to clonally propagate gerbera in vitro resulting in the production of millions of plantlets each year. Numerous types of explants and protocols for micropropagation have been established and used for gerbera. Shoot tips are the commonly used explant while adventitious shoot induction from the capitulum is also a popular method. Most papers in the literature have focused on testing the influence of different types and combinations of plant growth regulators with the aim of improving the regeneration and multiplication stage of one or few cultivars. Genotype is one of the most influential factors on the response of gerbera in vitro. Despite this, no successful universal protocol has yet been developed for multiple cultivars, limiting the usefulness of current protocols for commercial biotechnology labs. Slow-growing endogenous bacteria are one of the most important problems in gerbera micropropagation but require more studies on control and prevention. Individual shoots are normally easy to root, usually in excess of 90% of plantlets, but the acclimatization stage requires improvements and new technologies to increase the survival of plants. Epigenetic variations in micropropagated gerbera are frequently observed only with high concentrations of cytokinins in the culture medium but somaclonal variation is rare.
authors.affiliation: Depto. de Desenvolvimento Rural, Centro de Ciências Agrárias/Universidade Federal de São Carlos (CCA/UFSCAR), Rod. Anhanguera, km 174, CEP 13600-000 Araras, Brazil. Electronic address: jeancardosoctv@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Jaime A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Teixeira da Silva
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*
keywords: 1-naphthaleneacetic acid; 2-ip; 2-isopentenyladenine; 6-benzyladenine; 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin); ADS; Acclimatization; Adventitious shoot induction; Aux; B5; BA; Chu 1978; Ck; Clonal propagation; Culture medium; DKW; Driver and Kiniyuki 1984; Explants; Gamborg et al. 1968; Genotypes; Gerbera jamesonii; IAA; IBA; ISSR; Kin; LS; Linsmaier and Skoog 1965; MS; Murashige and Skoog 1962; N6; NAA; PGR; PPFD; Phot; RAPD; RFLP; SE; Somaclonal variations; TDZ; Zea; Zeatin; adenine sulphate; auxin; cytokinin; half-strength Murashige and Skoog (1962); indole-3-acetic acid; indole-3-butyric acid; inter-simple sequence repeat; photoperiod; photosynthetic photon flux density; plant growth regulator; random amplified polymorphic DNA; restriction fragment length polymorphism; somatic embryogenesis; tTCL; thidiazuron; transverse thin cell layer; ½ MS