title: Copper chaperone Atox1 interacts with the metal-binding domain of Wilson's disease protein in cisplatin detoxification.
abstract: Human copper transporters ATP7B (Wilson's disease protein) and ATP7A (Menkes' disease protein) have been implicated in tumour resistance to cisplatin, a widely used anticancer drug. Cisplatin binds to the copper-binding sites in the N-terminal domain of ATP7B, and this binding may be an essential step of cisplatin detoxification involving copper ATPases. In the present study, we demonstrate that cisplatin and a related platinum drug carboplatin produce the same adduct following reaction with MBD2 [metal-binding domain (repeat) 2], where platinum is bound to the side chains of the cysteine residues in the CxxC copper-binding motif. This suggests the same mechanism for detoxification of both drugs by ATP7B. Platinum can also be transferred to MBD2 from copper chaperone Atox1, which was shown previously to bind cisplatin. Binding of the free cisplatin and reaction with the cisplatin-loaded Atox1 produce the same protein-bound platinum intermediate. Transfer of platinum along the copper-transport pathways in the cell may serve as a mechanism of drug delivery to its target in the cell nucleus, and explain tumour-cell resistance to cisplatin associated with the overexpression of copper transporters ATP7B and ATP7A.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5.
authors.forename: Nataliya V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Dolgova
authors.forename: Sergiy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nokhrin
authors.forename: Corey H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Graham N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Oleg Y
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Dmitriev
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000502:physiology; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000079922:Copper Transport Proteins; D000073840:Copper-Transporting ATPases; D006801:Humans; D056511:Metallochaperones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D020449:Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid / Q000502:physiology; D056928:X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
chemical_list: C474500:ATOX1 protein, human; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D000079922:Copper Transport Proteins; D056511:Metallochaperones; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D003300:Copper; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C081184:ATP7A protein, human; C000612464:ATP7B protein, human; D000073840:Copper-Transporting ATPases; D002945:Cisplatin