title: [Nutrition and acute respiratory failure].
abstract: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by the formation of a protein-rich alveolar edema caused by increased permeability of the alveolocapillary membrane. The key clinical feature is refractory arterial hypoxemia, which in severe cases necessitates the application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Besides lung-protective ventilation as a confirmed therapeutic option, supportive therapy is an integral part of ARDS management. In this context, modern and individualized nutritional regimens are of special importance; however, their prognostic impact, especially of immunonutrition, for ARDS patients is controversial. In this review, basic features of nutrition in intensive care medicine and ARDS-specific aspects (e.g., immunonutrition) are presented and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik II (Pneumologie/internistische Intensivmedizin), Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg, Standort Gießen, Klinikstr. 33, 35392, Gießen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hecker
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Felbinger
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mayer
mesh_terms: D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology; D009751:Nutritional Requirements / Q000502:physiology; D018529:Nutritional Support / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000379:methods; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D010100:Oxygen