title: Innate and adaptive immune responses in patients with pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.
abstract: Innate and adaptive immune responses play critical roles in the body's defense against viruses. We investigated the host immune response against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus [A(H1N1)pdm09] in patients before and after anti-influenza therapy and found that the numbers of dendritic cells and T cells were significantly reduced compared with those of a healthy control group. In contrast, the frequency of natural killer, γδT and T regulatory (Treg) cells increased, and the concentrations of plasma interferon (IFN)-α/γ and interleukin (IL-15) were significantly higher than those of the control. Following therapy the frequency of γδT and Treg cells returned to normal; the counts of myeloid dendritic and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were still lower than the control, while the concentrations of IFN-α/γ and IL-15 remained high. We show that infection with A (H1N1)pdm09 was accompanied by changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subgroups and cytokine profiles, leading to deleterious imbalances in innate and adaptive immunity.
authors.affiliation: The Center Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Shasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chuanjian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D058873:Pandemics; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016207:Cytokines