title: Inhibition of metastatic potential of B16-F10 melanoma cell line in vivo and in vitro by biflorin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the antimetastatic potential of biflorin using in vivo and in vitro approaches.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biflorin was isolated from Capraria biflora collected in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Adhesion, migration and invasion assays were performed to avail of the antimetastatic potential of this quinone. Experimental metastasis was performed to avail of the antimetastatic potential of bilflorin using in vivo assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with biflorin (25 and 50mg/kg/day) was shown to be effective in reducing B16-F10 melanoma metastasis in C57BL/6 mice. The administration of biflorin at 25mg/kg/day intraperitoneally inhibited the formation of metastases by about 57% compared to untreated control animals. When the animals were treated with 50mg/kg/day intraperitoneally, there was a 71% decrease in the number of lung metastases. Morphological assays showed the presence of hemosiderin and erythrocytes in the lung parenchyma, indicating the occurrence of hemorrhage, probably a side effect of biflorin. Biflorin at non-toxic concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5g/mL) was tested directly on B16-F10 cells in vitro, and it inhibited cell adhesion to type I collagen and cell motility using the wound-healing assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that biflorin has a promising antimetastatic potential, as shown by its anti-adhesion, anti-migration and anti-invasion properties against a metastatic melanoma cell line. However, further studies are essential to elucidate its mechanism of action.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Farmácia, Campus Lagarto, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 49400-00 Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. a.acarvalho@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andrade Carvalho
authors.forename: Patrícia Marçal
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.forename: Luciana Gregório
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Da Silva Souza
authors.forename: Telma Leda G
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Cláudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pessoa
authors.forename: Manoel Odorico
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: de Moraes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D028083:Scrophulariaceae
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C522781:biflorin
keywords: Biflorin; Capraria biflora; Melanoma; Metastasis