title: The pioneering use of ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) in Neotropical anurans: preliminary assessment of genetic diversity in populations of Physalaemus cuvieri (Amphibia, Leiuperidae).
abstract: The greatest diversity of anurans in the world is in Brazil and one of the major challenges is to reconcile the accelerated economic development with strategies that aim to maintain this diversity in forest fragments, often representing ESUs of some biomes. This study aimed to obtain data that will support conservation projects through the pioneering use of ISSR analysis in Neotropical anurans, estimating the intra- and interpopulation genetic diversity of four populations of P. cuvieri (Paraná and São Paulo regions). Of the 65 loci scored 58 were polymorphic, with 0.797 intrapopulation variation and 0.203 interpopulation variation. The index of interpopulation genetic differentiation (FST) proved to be high among the population of Marmeleiro-PR and the three populations of SP (FST > 0.288); genetic dissimilarity was related to the geographical distance. The ISSR proved to be efficient and useful molecular markers in comparison with other markers most widely used for preliminary diagnosis of genetic diversity in populations of amphibians, and could be applied as a tool for future conservation projects, since they could identify potential ESUs and influence decisions on the preservation of fragments.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265 - Jardim Nazareth. CEP 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. rafaelabiologia@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Rafaela M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Moresco
authors.forename: Thiago C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Maniglia
authors.forename: Classius de
authors.initials: Cd
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Vladimir P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Margarido
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000235:genetics*; D001938:Brazil; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D014329:Tropical Climate