title: [Effects of smoking on plasma antimüllerian hormone concentrations among infertile women].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Smoking may hamper female fertility, probably modifying ovarian reserve. Antimüllerian hormone (AMH) is an accurate marker for ovarian reserve.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To look for an association between smoking status and plasma AMH concentration.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 141 infertile women in a university setting in Santiago, Chile was studied. Demographic and smoking data, including the number of cigarettes smoked during the last week, were collected. A blood sample was obtained and kept frozen until determination of AMH by ELISA and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol at day three of the menstrual cycle, by radioimmunoanalysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty two participants smoked (23%). There were no significant differences in age, parity, body mass index, causes of infertility and day three FSH and estradiol between smokers and nonsmokers. According to a regression analysis, there was a significant decrease in AMH concentration with age and active cigarette smoking. A drop in AMH of -0.189 ng/mL with a unitary change in age and a decrease of -2.29 ng/mL when everything else remains constant, except the smoking status, were established (p < 0.001 and r2 = 0.134). However, no dose response was observed when the number of cigarettes smoked during the last week were introduced in the model. Furthermore, no significant association of plasma AMH with day three plasma FSH and estradiol concentrations was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cigarette smoking is associated with decreased AMH plasma concentrations among infertile women. However there was no dose response relationship. The mechanisms underlying this association are unknown and further investigation is required.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Materno Infantil (IDIMI), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile. fuentesarialster@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Escalona
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Céspedes
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Repetto
authors.forename: German
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iñiguez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000097:blood*; D016014:Linear Models; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone