title: High-speed camera characterization of voluntary eye blinking kinematics.
abstract: Blinking is vital to maintain the integrity of the ocular surface and its characteristics such as blink duration and speed can vary significantly, depending on the health of the eyes. The blink is so rapid that special techniques are required to characterize it. In this study, a high-speed camera was used to record and characterize voluntary blinking. The blinking motion of 25 healthy volunteers was recorded at 600 frames per second. Master curves for the palpebral aperture and blinking speed were constructed using palpebral aperture versus time data taken from the high-speed camera recordings, which show that one blink can be divided into four phases; closing, closed, early opening and late opening. Analysis of data from the high-speed camera images was used to calculate the palpebral aperture, peak blinking speed, average blinking speed and duration of voluntary blinking and compare it with data generated by other methods previously used to evaluate voluntary blinking. The advantages of the high-speed camera method over the others are discussed, thereby supporting the high potential usefulness of the method in clinical research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
authors.forename: Kyung-Ah
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Shipley
authors.forename: Mohan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Edirisinghe
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Ezra
authors.forename: Geoff
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Serena M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Best
authors.forename: Ruth E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Cameron
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001767:Blinking / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014741:Video Recording / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*
keywords: blink kinematics; blinking duration; blinking speed; high-speed camera; voluntary blink