title: The papillomavirus E7 proteins.
abstract: E7 is an accessory protein that is not encoded by all papillomaviruses. The E7 amino terminus contains two regions of similarity to conserved regions 1 and 2 of the adenovirus E1A protein, which are also conserved in the simian vacuolating virus 40 large tumor antigen. The E7 carboxyl terminus consists of a zinc-binding motif, which is related to similar motifs in E6 proteins. E7 proteins play a central role in the human papillomavirus life cycle, reprogramming the cellular environment to be conducive to viral replication. E7 proteins encoded by the cancer-associated alpha human papillomaviruses have potent transforming activities, which together with E6, are necessary but not sufficient to render their host squamous epithelial cell tumorigenic. This article strives to provide a comprehensive summary of the published research studies on human papillomavirus E7 proteins.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Electronic address: aroman@fhcrc.org.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roman
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Munger
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D005260:Female; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D054875:Ubiquitination; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: C068651:E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C059731:oncogene protein E7, Human papillomavirus type 16
keywords: Cervical cancer; Regulation of cell cycle checkpoints; Regulation of transcription; Transformation; Viral life cycle; Viral oncology