title: Effects of dobutamine on systemic, regional and microcirculatory perfusion parameters in septic shock: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role of dobutamine during septic shock resuscitation is still controversial since most clinical studies have been uncontrolled and no physiological study has unequivocally demonstrated a beneficial effect on tissue perfusion. Our objective was to determine the potential benefits of dobutamine on hemodynamic, metabolic, peripheral, hepatosplanchnic and microcirculatory perfusion parameters during early septic shock resuscitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We designed a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover study comparing the effects of 2.5-h infusion of dobutamine (5 mcg/kg/min fixed-dose) or placebo in 20 septic shock patients with cardiac index ≥2.5 l/min/m(2) and hyperlactatemia. Primary outcome was sublingual perfused microvascular density.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite an increasing cardiac index, heart rate and left ventricular ejection fraction, dobutamine had no effect on sublingual perfused vessel density [9.0 (7.9-10.1) vs. 9.1 n/mm (7.9-9.9); p = 0.24] or microvascular flow index [2.1 (1.8-2.5) vs. 2.1 (1.9-2.5); p = 0.73] compared to placebo. No differences between dobutamine and placebo were found for the lactate levels, mixed venous-arterial pCO2 gradient, thenar muscle oxygen saturation, capillary refill time or gastric-to-arterial pCO2 gradient. The indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate [14.4 (9.5-25.6) vs. 18.8 %/min (11.7-24.6); p = 0.03] and the recovery slope of thenar muscle oxygen saturation after a vascular occlusion test [2.1 (1.1-3.1) vs. 2.5 %/s (1.2-3.4); p = 0.01] were worse with dobutamine compared to placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dobutamine failed to improve sublingual microcirculatory, metabolic, hepatosplanchnic or peripheral perfusion parameters despite inducing a significant increase in systemic hemodynamic variables in septic shock patients without low cardiac output but with persistent hypoperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 8320000, Santiago, Chile. glennguru@gmail.com
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bruhn
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luengo
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Regueira
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kattan
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuentealba
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Florez
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aquevedo
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pairumani
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McNab
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ince
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012151:Resuscitation; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D004280:Dobutamine