title: New insights into membrane-active action in plasma membrane of fungal hyphae by the lipopeptide antibiotic bacillomycin L.
abstract: Bacillomycin L, a natural iturinic lipopeptide produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, is characterized by strong antifungal activities against a variety of agronomically important filamentous fungi including Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. Prior to this study, the role of membrane permeabilization in the antimicrobial activity of bacillomycin L against plant pathogenic fungi had not been investigated. To shed light on the mechanism of this antifungal activity, the permeabilization of R. solani hyphae by bacillomycin L was investigated and compared with that by amphotericin B, a polyene antibiotic which is thought to act primarily through membrane disruption. Our results derived from electron microscopy, various fluorescent techniques and gel retardation experiments revealed that the antifungal activity of bacillomycin L may be not solely a consequence of fungal membrane permeabilization, but related to the interaction of it with intracellular targets. Our findings provide more insights into the mode of action of bacillomycin L and other iturins, which could in turn help to develop new or improved antifungal formulations or result in novel strategies to prevent fungal spoilage.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chunjuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Qingmao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Yuzhu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Pinglan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D025301:Hyphae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012232:Rhizoctonia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C015015:bacillomycin L; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: Bacillomycin L; Iturin; Mechanism of action; Membrane permeabilization; Rhizoctonia solani Kühn