title: Non-small cell lung cancer--genetic predictors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer that is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Several predictive markers have been found in NSCLC patients to date but only a few are currently used for tailored therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PubMed and Web of Science online databases were used to search review and original articles on the most important predictive markers in NSCLC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EGFR activating mutations (exons 18 to 21) and EML4-ALK rearrangement are clinically important markers able to select NSCLC patients which benefit from EGFR or ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib, crizotinib). Other markers, such as KRAS mutation, EGFR T790M mutation and C-MET amplification, are responsible for resistance to these inhibitors. Overcoming of this resistance as well as discovery of new potential markers and inhibitors is the main goal of ongoing research and clinical trials in NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic. koudelakovav@gmail.com
authors.forename: Vladimira
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Koudelakova
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kneblova
authors.forename: Radek
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trojanec
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drabek
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hajduch
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C522504:EML4-ALK fusion protein, human; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; C062333:ROS1 protein, human; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins