title: Are neutrophil CD64 expression and interleukin-6 early useful markers for diagnosis of acute appendicitis?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of interleukin-6 (IL-6) level and neutrophil cluster of differentiation 64 (CD64) expression in diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective controlled trail was performed. Children who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of right lower quadrant pain were our cohort. Serum samples for white blood cell, C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte CD64 expression, and IL-6 were obtained from the patients just after their admission. Operation was performed if appendicitis seemed probable, others were observed actively. Patients who had noncomplicated appendicitis were Group 1, patients who had complicated appendicitis were Group 2, and patients who had discharged after observation without operation with a diagnosis of nonspecific abdominal pain and had negative appendectomy without another surgical disease were Group 3.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, 49 patients were enrolled. CRP and CD64 levels were found higher in Group 2. IL-6 levels were found to be lower in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a difference between Group 2 and the other groups about CD64 levels. The CRP level and expression of leukocyte CD64 level did not effectively predict the diagnosis of noncomplicated appendicitis, but it predicted well the patients with complicated appendicitis. However, IL-6 levels are statistically significantly different between Group 3 and Groups 1 and 2. According to this result, IL-6 levels predicted well the patient with appendicitis. Applying additional diagnostic methods such as IL-6 levels seems to be helpful in reducing the numbers of false-positive diagnosis of AA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: İsmet  F
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Ozguner
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Children's Hematology and Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kızılgun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yusuf Hakan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Cavusoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Erdoğan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: İbrahim
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Çağatay  Evrim
authors.initials: Ç
authors.lastname: Afşarlar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001062:Appendectomy; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D002097:C-Reactive Protein