title: Evaluation of Syngonanthus nitens (Bong.) Ruhl. extract as antifungal and in treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anticandidal activity of a methanolic extract of Syngonanthus nitens scapes against different Candida species and clinical isolates from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and its effect in vivo in the treatment of vaginal infection. Chemical characterization of the extract was performed by HPLC-UV analyses and showed the presence of flavones derivatives. The extract was effective against several Candida strains from our collection and species recovered from VVC patients, and was able to inhibit the yeast-hyphal transition. No cytotoxic activity against human female reproductive tract epithelial cells and no hemolytic activity against human red blood cells were observed. In the in vivo model of VVC, we evaluated the efficacy of the intravaginal treatment with a cream containing the extract at doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0%. The treatment eradicated the vaginal fungal burden in infected rats after 8 days of treatment. S. nitens extract could be considered as an effective and non-toxic natural antifungal agent in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
authors.affiliation: * Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences.
authors.forename: Marcelo Gonzaga
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: de Freitas Araújo
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pacífico
authors.forename: Wagner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vilegas
authors.forename: Lourdes Campaner
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: Paula Alejandra
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Icely
authors.forename: Maria Soledad
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Miró
authors.forename: Maria Virginia Costa
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Scarpa
authors.forename: Tais Maria
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Bauab
authors.forename: Claudia Elena
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Sotomayor
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D039262:Eriocaulaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D047309:Flavones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009824:Ointments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D047309:Flavones; D009824:Ointments; D010936:Plant Extracts