title: Poliovirus vaccination options for achieving eradication and securing the endgame.
abstract: In 1988, the World Health Assembly resolved to globally eradicate poliomyelitis. As part of a four-pronged strategy with establishment of enhanced surveillance, institution of national immunization days, strengthening routine immunization, and carrying-out mopping-up activities, oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) was selected as the vaccine-of-choice for eradication. Massive OPV use decreased the number of polio-endemic countries from >125 countries in 1988 to only 3 in 2012 and led to a >99.9% decrease in polio incidence in the corresponding period. In this communication, we will discuss polio vaccination options to accelerate eradication, to mitigate the risks during the planned withdrawal of type 2 OPV, and to secure eradication for future generations.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. cge3@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Concepción F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Estívariz
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pallansch
authors.forename: Abhijeet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Steven G F
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Wassilak
authors.forename: Roland W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Sutter
authors.forename: Jay D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wenger
authors.forename: Walter A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Orenstein
mesh_terms: D060740:Disease Eradication; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral