title: [Unilateral renal denervation and the renal kallikrein-bradykinin system in the rat].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The antihypertensive effect of renal denervation in hypertensive patients is partially explained by increased tubular natriuresis. To study the possible contribution of the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) to this natriuretic effect in rats, we measured kallikrein activity (KA) and bradykinin concentrations (BK) in plasma and tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  To measure KA, we adapted and validated an enzymatic assay that cleaves para-nitroaniline (pNA) from the tripeptide H-D-Pro-Phe-Arg-pNA. The coefficients of variation (CV) within- and between-assays were less than 8% for plasma and tissue KA (plasma n=6 and 13; tissue n=4). Linear results for serially diluted samples confirmed the assay specificity. Tissue BK determinations were based on an established assay for plasma BK: tissue was homogenized and kinins extracted in ethanol, and BK was isolated by high-performance (HPLC) liquid chromatography and quantitated by radioimmunassay. Within- and between-assay CV for plasma BK were 18% (n=8 and n=35, respectively) and for BK in various tissues less than 16% (n=5-8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In male Wistar rats (n=3), plasma BK was 8.2 ± 6.6 fmol/mL (mean ± SD), and tissue BK (fmol/g) in 14 tested organs varied between brain (14 ± 3) and submaxillary gland (521 ± 315). Six days after left-sided unilateral renal denervation, left renal tissue BK (89 ± 9) was not different from right renal BK (75 ± 23). Similarly, KA was comparable in the two kidneys (left 18.0 ± 1.5, right 15.8 ± 1.4 μkat/g).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Any possible effect of unilateral renal denervation on the kidney's KKS would have to be bilateral.
authors.affiliation: Institut de biologie cellulaire, université de Berne, Baltzerstrasse 4, 3012 Berne, Suisse. juergen.bohlender@med.ovgu.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bohlender
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nussberger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Amstutz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Birkhäuser
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Thalmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imboden
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016234:Kallikrein-Kinin System; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007705:Kinins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013562:Sympathectomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007705:Kinins; D007610:Kallikreins; D001920:Bradykinin
keywords: Bradykinin; Bradykinine; Denervation; Dosage; Dénervation; Experimental hypertension; Hypertension expérimentale; Kallikrein; Kallikréine; Kidney; Measurement; Plasma; Rein; Renal nerve ablation; Tissu; Tissue