title: Efficacy of cyclosporine for chronic, refractory stomatitis in cats: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical study.
abstract: Sixteen cats with chronic stomatitis, that had previously undergone premolar-molar or full-mouth extractions, were randomly assigned a group to receive 2.5 mg/kg cyclosporine or placebo orally twice daily Neither the clinician nor the clients were aware of the group assignments. Cats were evaluated prior to treatment and every 2 weeks for 6 weeks using a 30 point Stomatitis Disease Activity Index (SDAI) score. Mean improvement in SDAI scores among cats in the treatment group after 6 weeks was 52.7 %. This was significantty diffrent fom the mean improvement (12.2 %) of cats in the placebo group. During the 6 week study period, 7 of the 9 cats in the treatment group (77.8 %) showed a > 40 % improvement in SDAI score, while 1 of 7 cats in placebo group (14.3 %) showed a > 40 % improvement in SDAI score. This difference was statistically significant. Individual variability in the absorption of orally-administered cyclosporine was high. Trough whole-blood cyclosporine levels ranged firm 32.1 ng/ml to 1,576.2 ng/ml. At the end of the 6 week observation period, there was a statistically significant diference among cats with trough whole-blood cyclosporine levels >300 ng/ml (72.3 % improvement) compared with cats with cyclosporine levels < 300 ng/ml (28.2 % improvement). Whole-blood cyclosporine levels > 300 ng/ml were associated with significant improvement in oral inflammation in cats with chronic stomatitis that had previously undergone premolar-molar or fuill-mouth extraction.
authors.affiliation: Aggie Animal Dental Center, Mill Valley, CA, USA. petdentist@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Milinda J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lommer
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002415:Cats; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis / Q000662:veterinary; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000662:veterinary; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D012074:Remission Induction; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000662:veterinary; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010919:Placebos; D016572:Cyclosporine