title: (89)Zr, a radiometal nuclide with high potential for molecular imaging with PET: chemistry, applications and remaining challenges.
abstract: Molecular imaging-and especially Positron Emission Tomography (PET)-is of increasing importance for the diagnosis of various diseases and thus is experiencing increasing dissemination. Consequently, there is a growing demand for appropriate PET tracers which allow for a specific accumulation in the target structure as well as its visualization and exhibit decay characteristics matching their in vivo pharmacokinetics. To meet this demand, the development of new targeting vectors as well as the use of uncommon radionuclides becomes increasingly important. Uncommon nuclides in this regard enable the utilization of various selectively accumulating bioactive molecules such as peptides, antibodies, their fragments, other proteins and artificial structures for PET imaging in personalized medicine. Among these radionuclides, 89Zr (t1/2 = 3.27 days and mean Eβ+ = 0.389 MeV) has attracted increasing attention within the last years due to its favorably long half-life, which enables imaging at late time-points, being especially favorable in case of slowly-accumulating targeting vectors. This review outlines the recent developments in the field of 89Zr-labeled bioactive molecules, their potential and application in PET imaging and beyond, as well as remaining challenges.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany. Gabriel.Fischer@medma.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Seibold
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schirrmacher
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wängler
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wängler
mesh_terms: D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000737:chemistry; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000737:chemistry*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015040:Zirconium; D003676:Deferoxamine