title: The impact of APOL1, CAV1, and ABCB1 gene variants on outcomes in kidney transplantation: donor and recipient effects.
abstract: Dramatic improvements have been seen in short-term kidney allograft survival over recent decades with introduction of more potent immunosuppressant medications and regimens. Unfortunately, improvements in long-term graft survival have lagged behind. The genomics revolution is providing new insights regarding the potential impact of kidney donor genotypes on long-term graft survival. Variation in the donor apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1), caveolin 1 (CAV1), and multi-drug resistance 1 encoding P-glycoprotein genes (ABCB1) are all associated with graft survival after kidney transplantation. Although the precise mechanisms whereby these donor gene variants confer risk for graft loss have yet to be determined, these findings provide novel opportunities for modifying interactive environmental factors and optimizing kidney allocation with the ultimate goal of improving long-term graft survival rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1053, USA.
authors.forename: Amudha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palanisamy
authors.forename: Amber M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Reeves-Daniel
authors.forename: Barry I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Freedman
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B / Q000235:genetics; D000075944:Apolipoprotein L1; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000401:mortality*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000235:genetics*; D014019:Tissue Donors
chemical_list: C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; C108666:APOL1 protein, human; D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D000075944:Apolipoprotein L1; D001053:Apolipoproteins; C495540:CAV1 protein, human; D051242:Caveolin 1; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL