title: Effect of nutrition and atherogenic index on the occurrence and intensity of insulin resistance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diet is one of the factors that can stimulate genetic predisposition and, in consequence, lead to insulin resistance. An adequate supply of nutrients and energy-rich diet as well as increased physical activity are the most effective methods to prevent metabolic disorders.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine whether there are any associations between nutrition and the occurrence of insulin resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 143 individuals. Fasting glucose and insulin levels were measured and the HOMA-IR index was calculated for each patient. Nondiabetic patients were divided into the study and control groups. We conducted anthropometric measurements (body mass, height, and waist circumference), biochemical analysis (fasting glucose and insulin), and dietary interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed a negative correlation between the percentage of sucrose in the diet and the HOMA-IR value, and a positive correlation between the percentage of protein intake and the HOMA-IR value. Moreover, there was a significantly higher intake of lactose in men without insulin resistance compared with those with insulin resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results encourage to conduct further, more detailed research involving a larger group of patients to better understand associations between dietary content and insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland. lucyna@umb.edu.pl
authors.forename: Lucyna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ostrowska
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Witczak
authors.forename: Edyta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adamska
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005502:Food / Q000145:classification*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D007785:Lactose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007785:Lactose