title: Co-stimulatory tumor necrosis factor ligands as adjuvants for the development of subunit-based anticancer vaccines.
abstract: Tumor-associated antigen (TAA) subunit-based vaccines constitute promising tools for the anticancer immunotherapy. Given the weak antigenic nature of most TAAs, however, the efficacy of TAA-based vaccines requires adjuvants exerting potent immunostimulatory functions. Co-stimulatory members of the tumor necrosis factor ligand (TNFL) family may be used in this sense due to their pleiotropic and robust effects on cells of innate, adaptive and regulatory immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cellular Therapeutics; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Louisville; Louisville, KY USA ; James Graham Brown Cancer Center; University of Louisville; Louisville, KY USA.
authors.forename: Haval
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirwan
authors.forename: Rajesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Abhishek K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Esma S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Yolcu
keywords: CD137; SA-4-1BBL; anticancer immunity; cancer vaccines; lung cancer; survivin