title: SNAP II index: an alternative to the COMFORT scale in assessing the level of sedation in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients.
abstract: Sedation monitoring is essential in pediatric patients on ventilatory support to achieve comfort and safety. The COMFORT scale was designed and validated to assess the level of sedation in intubated pediatric patients. However, it remains unreliable in pharmacologically paralyzed patients. The SNAP II index is calculated using an algorithm that incorporates high-frequency (80-420 Hz) electroencephalogram (EEG) components, known to be useful in discriminating between awake and unconscious states, unlike other measurements that only include low-frequency EEG segments such as the bispectral index score. Previous studies suggested that the SNAP II index is a reliable and sensitive indicator of the level of consciousness in adult patients. Despite its potential, no data are currently available in the pediatric critically ill population on ventilatory support. This is the first pilot study assessing the potential application of the SNAP II index in critically ill pediatric patients by comparing it to the commonly used COMFORT scale.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA ifernand@uthsc.edu.
authors.forename: I Federico Fernandez
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Nievas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Spentzas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Clifford W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Bogue
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D056805:Consciousness Monitors; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives
keywords: COMFORT scale; SNAP II index; electroencephalogram; level of consciousness; pediatric population; sedation monitoring; ventilatory support