title: Optical molecular imaging in the gastrointestinal tract.
abstract: Recent developments in optical molecular imaging allow for real-time identification of morphologic and biochemical changes in tissue associated with gastrointestinal neoplasia. This review summarizes widefield and high-resolution imaging modalities in preclinical and clinical evaluation for the detection of colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer. Widefield techniques discussed include high-definition white light endoscopy, narrow band imaging, autofluoresence imaging, and chromoendoscopy; high-resolution techniques discussed include probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy, high-resolution microendoscopy, and optical coherence tomography. New approaches to enhance image contrast using vital dyes and molecular-specific targeted contrast agents are evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS 142, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carns
authors.forename: Pelham
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Keahey
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Quang
authors.forename: Sharmila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anandasabapathy
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Richards-Kortum
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000175:diagnosis; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007368:Interferometry; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D062048:Narrow Band Imaging / Q000379:methods; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods