title: The Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Military Traumatic Brain Injury Screening Instrument: determination of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is referred to as the signature injury of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Given the prevalence of TBI in military personnel, there is a need for validated instruments tailored to accurately screen for TBI in this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred service members or veterans underwent a novel screen and a comprehensive diagnostic assessment to identify the occurrence of TBI and/or the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder. Negative predictive value, positive predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This screening tool for TBI yielded sensitivity of 96%, specificity of 64%, negative predictive value of 95%, and positive predictive value of 69%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Military Traumatic Brain Injury Screening Instrument has a high negative predictive value and high sensitivity for TBI. This tool identifies individuals likely to have sustained a TBI. Moreover, it detects those who are likely not to have sustained such an injury and can be reassured in this regard. Because such distinction can be made with a high degree of accuracy in rapid and cost-effective fashion, it represents an important contribution to the armamentarium of TBI screening tools.
authors.affiliation: Memory and Cognitive Disorders Program, Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Glenview, Illinois (Dr Zollman); Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (Mss Starr and Kondiles and Dr Larson); Rehabilitation Services, National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Bethesda, Maryland (Dr Cyborski); and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois (Dr Larson).
authors.forename: Felise S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Zollman
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Starr
authors.forename: Bethany
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kondiles
authors.forename: Cherina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cyborski
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Larson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055826:Afghan Campaign 2001-; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data