title: A comparative anchorage control study between conventional and self-ligating bracket systems using differential moments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficiency in anchorage preservation of conventional and self-ligating brackets after the extraction of first maxillary premolars using differential moment mechanics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight patients requiring extraction of maxillary first premolars and maximum anchorage during space closure were evaluated based on bracket type. Group 1, comprising 23 patients, was bonded with preadjusted conventional brackets (CBs) with a slot of 0.022-inch × 0.030-inch. Group 2 comprised 15 patients who were bonded with 0.022 inch preadjusted self-ligating brackets (SLBs). Patients in both groups received a nickel titanium (NiTi) intrusion arch and a 150 g NiTi closing coil spring for separate canine retraction, followed by a continuous mushroom loop archwire to retract the incisors. Lateral cephalograms were available at the start of treatment (T1) and at the completion of space closure (T2). Statistical comparisons were performed with paired and unpaired Student's t-tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were found between the groups in maxillary molars anchorage loss (3.87 ± 1.35 mm and 3.65 ± 1.73 mm for the CB and SLB groups, respectively). Only the mean vertical movement of the tip of the incisor was significantly different between the groups (CB  =  -0.92 ± 1.46 mm; SLB  =  0.56 ± 1.65 mm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no significant differences in the amount of anchorage loss of the maxillary first molars between SLB and CB systems during space closure using differential moments.
authors.affiliation: a  Full Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of North Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcio Rodrigues
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.forename: Amine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fattal
authors.forename: Amirparviz R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Davoody
authors.forename: Ravindra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uribe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001641:Bicuspid; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult