title: Children at risk of diabetes type 1. Treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine plus nicotinamide - case reports.
abstract: Abstract Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine (50 mg/kg/day) and nicotinamide (25 mg/kg/day) in children at risk of type 1 diabetes. This treatment was effective and harmless in experimental type 1 diabetes in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine out of seventy healthy participants of the type 1 diabetes risk study were treated. They were typified for diabetes with HLA-DQB1 and positive autoantibodies. Children with a first peak of insulin response ≤48 µU were randomly distributed in control and treated patients. Children evolution was followed with an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Control children were treated when was another risk parameter was added. During their evolution all children were treated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment periods differ (range: 120-16 months) because children began treatment at different times. During the treatment 4 patients recovered their parameters and the medication was suspended; 2 patients continued the treatment with favorable evolution. Two children evolved slowly with normal growth and development. One girl became diabetic because she was treated late.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In children at risk, this treatment delays the development or remits the evolution of type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ivana Cristina
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Carmen Camberos
authors.forename: Gisel Anabel
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Passicot
authors.forename: Lucía Camila
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Martucci
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cresto
mesh_terms: D000108:Acetylcarnitine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D057238:Growth Charts; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; D009536:Niacinamide; D000108:Acetylcarnitine