title: Hypovitaminosis D and severe hypocalcaemia: the rebirth of an old disease.
abstract: Vitamin D deficiency, once thought to be eradicated, is becoming a frequent occurence in children, caused mainly by dietary insufficiency. The classical manifestation is rickets, but in infants severe hypocalcaemia may present as stridor, tetany, seizures or, rarely, heart disease. Here, we describe four infants who presented with complications of severe hypocalcaemia secondary to nutritional vitamin D deficiency. (1) Female, 4 months old, several spasms. (2) Male, 8 days old, generalised tonic-clonic seizure. (3) Male, 9 months old, tetany. (4) Male, 4 months old, cardiogenic shock. The cases highlight the importance of child vitamin D supplementation from birth and throughout childhood. We also note that the vitamin D state should be evaluated by the 25(OH)-D value and not the 1,25(OH)2-D.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Lisbon, Portugal. pedrosa.cris@gmail.com
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pedrosa
authors.forename: Nélia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ferraria
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Limbert
authors.forename: Lurdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lopes
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; D002118:Calcium