title: Acetylcholinesterase inhibition and in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum grown on germinated brown rice.
abstract: In this study, the acetylcholinesterase inhibition and in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum grown on germinated brown rice (GLBR) were evaluated. In antioxidant assays in vitro, GLBR was found to have strong metal chelating activity, DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity. Cell-based antioxidant methods were used, including lipid peroxidation on brain homogenate and AAPH-induced erythrocyte haemolysis. In antioxidant assays in vivo, mice were administered with GLBR and this significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the mice sera, livers and brains. The amount of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were 43.14 mg GAE/g and 13.36 mg CE/g dry mass, respectively. GLBR also exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. In addition, HPLC analyses of GLBR extract revealed the presence of different phenolic compounds. These findings demonstrate the remarkable potential of GLBR extract as valuable source of antioxidants which exhibit interesting acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biochemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Abul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hasnat
authors.forename: Mehnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pervin
authors.forename: Beong Ou
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000737:chemistry; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D000077276:Lycopene; D051379:Mice; D012275:Oryza / Q000382:microbiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002614:Chelating Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019207:beta Carotene; D002338:Carotenoids; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D000077276:Lycopene