title: Screening and deciphering antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii: a state of the art.
abstract: Acinetobacter baumannii, recognized as a serious threat in healthcare facilities, has the ability to develop resistance to antibiotics quite easily. This resistance is related to either gene acquisition (horizontal gene transfer) or mutations in the genome, leading to gene disruption, over- or down-expression of genes. The clinically relevant antibiotic resistances in A. baumannii include resistance to aminoglycosides, broad-spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems, tigecycline and colistin, which are the last resort antibiotics. The intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms of A. baumannii are presented here, with special focus on β-lactam resistance. The most up-to-date techniques for identification, including phenotypical and molecular tests, and screening of those emerging resistance traits are also highlighted. The implementation of early detection and identification of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii is crucial to control their spread.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U914 Emerging Resistance to Antibiotics, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Faculté de Médecine et Université Paris-Sud, K Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: Rémy A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bonnin
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nordmann
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Poirel
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology; D003091:Colistin / Q000494:pharmacology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D006801:Humans; D008911:Minocycline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D000078304:Tigecycline; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015780:Carbapenems; D002511:Cephalosporins; D000078304:Tigecycline; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C063912:carbapenemase; D008911:Minocycline; D003091:Colistin