title: Double-balloon enteroscopy in the elderly with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: safety and feasibility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) is a novel endoscopic procedure to access the small bowel. There is paucity of data on its use in the elderly.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the utility of DBE in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGB) in terms of safety and feasibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective review of consecutive patients who underwent DBE for OGB was conducted. Data were collected on demographics, dose of sedation/analgesia, diagnostic yield, and management and complications. Patients were divided into group 1, age of at least 70 years, and group 2, age less than 70 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 148 DBE procedures were carried out for OGB. Group 1 (age≥70 years) comprised 27% (n=40) of the cohort with a mean age of 77 years (range 70-83 years). The mean age in group 2 (n=108) was 54 years, 44% women. The diagnostic yield in group 1 was 53 versus 35% in group 2 (P=0.06). Subsequent management was altered more frequently in group 1 (50 vs. 28%, P=0.01, odds ratio 2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.2-5.5). Sedation requirement was less in the elderly (median dose of midazolam, group 1: 4.5 mg versus group 2: 6 mg, P<0.001; fentanyl, group 1: 50 mcg vs. group 2: 75 mcg, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in complications between the two groups (0/40 vs. 1/108, P=0.54). On logistic regression, increasing age (P=0.008) was associated with a higher yield with DBE in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DBE is safe, has a high diagnostic yield and has a positive impact on patient management in the elderly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK. reena_sidhu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Reena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sidhu
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sanders
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000209:etiology; D016888:Angiodysplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D015897:Comorbidity; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods; D058582:Double-Balloon Enteroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D007421:Intestine, Small; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D055815:Young Adult