title: A high-fat diet supplemented with fish oil improves metabolic features associated with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of a high-fat diet supplemented with fish oil or olive oil, fed to C57BL/6J mice for an extended period, on metabolic features associated with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were fed one of four diets for 30 wk: a low-fat diet, a high-fat diet supplemented with lard, a high-fat diet supplemented with fish oil, or a high-fat diet supplemented with olive oil. Phenotypic and metabolic analysis were determined at 15 and 25 to 30 wk, thereby providing comparative analysis for weight gain, energy consumption, fat distribution, glucose and insulin tolerance, and hepatic/plasma lipid analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with fish oil had improved glucose tolerance after an extended period compared with mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with lard. Moreover, mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with fish oil had significantly decreased concentrations of liver cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, and triacylglycerol compared with mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with either lard or olive oil.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with fish oil improved metabolic features associated with type 2 diabetes such as impaired glucose tolerance and hepatic steatosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, The University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jelinek
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: Surpreet L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Garver
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005395:Fish Oils; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002784:Cholesterol; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; C029310:lard
keywords: Adipose; Diabetes; Inflammation; Lipogenesis; Mouse model; Obesity