title: [Association between the interaction polymorphisms of interleukin-10 and smoking on patients with bladder cancer risk from a case-control study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between both polymorphisms of interleukin-10 (IL-10), smoking and the susceptibility to bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted to study the promoter polymorphisms of IL-10 gene by allele specific PCR amplification (AS-PCR) and to explore the possible genetic and environmental factors on bladder cancer, based on data from a hospital which included 400 patients with bladder cancer and another 400 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genotypes of IL-10 gene might be associated with the susceptibility to bladder cancer. Homozygous mutant of IL-10 gene at the point of 1082, 819 and 592 could enhance the risk of bladder cancer (OR value is 2.058, 1.979, 1.979, respectively). No statistically significant correlation was found between the divergence of IL-10 genotype and the different clinical stages and pathological grade of bladder cancer (P > 0.05). Interactions were noticed between polymorphisms in IL-10 gene and their correlation with smoking on bladder cancer. The positive interaction of 1082 site homozygous variant (AA), 819 site homozygous variant (TT), 592 site homozygous variant (AA) and smoking were revealed in the occurrence rates of bladder cancer (OR = 2.264, γ = 10.213; OR = 2.438, γ = 6.750; OR = 2.438, γ = 6.750).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our research findings showed that the significant interactions between IL-10 gene with homozygous mutant and smoking might increase the risk of bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: The Centre for Laboratory Diagnosis, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhan-guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Mei-jie
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Zhi-gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012907:Smoking; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D016753:Interleukin-10