title: Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory metabolites from the soft coral Scleronephthya gracillimum.
abstract: Five new pregnane-type steroids, sclerosteroids J-N (1-5), and a diterpenoid with a new chemotype 3-methyl-5-(10'-acetoxy-2',6',10'-trimethylundecyl)-2-penten-5-olide (6), have been isolated from a soft coral Scleronephthya gracillimum. The structures of the metabolites were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis. Compound 4 exhibited cytotoxicity against HepG2, A549, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. Furthermore, steroids 2 and 4 were found to significantly inhibit the accumulation of the pro-inflammatory iNOS protein, and 1, 2, 4 and 5 could effectively reduce the accumulation of COX-2 protein in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hui-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Chi-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Chih-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Zhi-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Yang-Chang
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chang-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Jyh-Horng
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sheu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000378:metabolism*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013256:Steroids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D013256:Steroids; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2