title: The Positive Illusory Bias in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: Further Evidence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to examine the accuracy of self-reports of children and adolescents with ADHD in evaluating activity limitations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-reports of children/adolescents with ADHD (n = 89) were compared with those of nonreferred children (n = 94), relative to parent reports about children's competence. Competence was measured with a 34-item rating scale. Behavioral disorders were documented with the Child Behavior Checklist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children/adolescents with ADHD were much more likely than controls to overestimate their competence in certain daily activities relative to parent reports, demonstrating a positive illusory bias. Positive illusory bias was found to be pronounced in activities, which were expected to be affected by symptoms of ADHD. Overestimations of competencies were more likely to be accompanied with externalizing problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results support the presence of the positive illusory bias also in the domain of everyday life activities. Improvement of self-evaluation of competencies should become a focus of treatment.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany evolz-sidiropoulou@ukaachen.de.
authors.forename: Eftychia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Volz-Sidiropoulou
authors.affiliation: University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boecker
authors.affiliation: University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gauggel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007088:Illusions; D008297:Male; D016743:Mental Competency / Q000523:psychology*; D011287:Prejudice; D012044:Regression Analysis; D057566:Self Report; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: ADHD; ICF; activity limitations; positive illusory bias