title: Masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia exhibits heterotopic calcification in tendons.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia is a new disease entity associated with limited mouth opening. In this study, we analyzed the microstructural characteristics of muscles and tendons in masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia by electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis to determine the elemental composition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histological analysis was performed to detect the calcification. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were conducted to clarify the microstructural characteristics of muscles and tendons. Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis was performed to identify the distribution of elements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mineralized nodules were observed in tendon tissues of masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia as compared with facial deformity. Electron microscopy revealed that the muscle and tendon tissues in masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia showed degenerative changes and distinctive histological findings as compared with tissues in facial deformity. We found that Ca, P, and Si were detected only in masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated that masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia exhibits heterotopic calcification in tendon tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000473:pathology*; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D013710:Tendons / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: electron microscopy; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; heterotopic calcification; masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia