title: Private hospital emergency departments in Australia: challenges and opportunities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Public hospital EDs in Australia have become increasingly congested because of increasing demand and access block. Six per cent of ED patients attend private hospital EDs whereas 45% of the population hold private health insurance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study describes the patients attending a small selection of four private hospital EDs in Queensland and Victoria, and tests the feasibility of a private ED database.
  
  
  METHODS
  De-identified routinely collected patient data were provided by the four participating private hospital and amalgamated into a single data set.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of private ED patients was 52 years. Males outnumbered females in all age groups except > 80 years. Attendance was higher on weekends and Mondays, and between 08.00 and 20.00 h. There were 6.6% of the patients triaged as categories 1 and 2, and 60% were categories 4 or 5. There were 36.4% that required hospital admission. Also, 96% of the patients had some kind of insurance. Furthermore, 72% were self-referred and 12% were referred by private medical practitioners. Approximately 25% arrived by ambulance. There were 69% that completed their ED treatment within 4 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first public description of patients attending private EDs in Australia. Private EDs have a significant role to play in acute medical care and in providing access to private hospitals which could alleviate pressure on public EDs. This study demonstrates the need for consolidated data based on a consistent data set and data dictionary to enable system-wide analysis, benchmarking and evaluation.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. gj.fitzgerald@qut.edu.au
authors.forename: Gerry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: FitzGerald
authors.forename: Ghasem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Toloo
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Gavin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Doig
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rosengren
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rothwell
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.forename: Xiang-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D016304:Hospitals, Private / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011793:Queensland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014218:Triage / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014739:Victoria / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult