title: Infection-associated platelet dysfunction of canine platelets detected in a flow chamber model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the present study, the influence of bacterial infection, lipopolysacharides (LPS) and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) on platelet function in a parallel plate flow chamber were measured. Experiments were performed with non-activated and protease-activating-receptor (PAR) 4 agonist activated platelets. Comparative measurements were in vivo capillary bleeding time, platelet function analyzer and impedance aggregometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAR 4 agonist did not increase platelet adhesion of platelets from dogs with bacterial inflammation in the flow chamber in contrast to platelets of healthy dogs. Except from impedance aggregometry with lower sensitivity and specificity, PFA did not detect platelet dysfunctions in dogs with infection. In vitro addition of LPS or HES significantly reduced platelet covered area after PAR-activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The flow chamber detects platelet dysfunctions in dogs with inflammatory diseases. In vitro addition of LPS highlights the inhibiting effect of bacterial wall components on platelet function. Platelet dysfunction induced by infection could possibly also be diagnosed after treatment of sepsis with colloids has commenced. The flow chamber could be a useful tool to detect sepsis associated platelet dysfunction given that larger prospective trials confirm these findings from a proof of concept study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover D-30625, Germany.
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferkau
authors.forename: Hans-Jörg
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Gillmann
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mischke
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Calmer
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ecklebe
authors.forename: Monia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abid
authors.forename: Jan-Wighard
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Minde
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Echtermeyer
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Theilmeier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary*; D001760:Bleeding Time / Q000662:veterinary; D001791:Blood Platelet Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D010979:Platelet Function Tests / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides