title: Isolation of terpenoids from Pimpinella anisum essential oil by high-performance counter-current chromatography.
abstract: High-performance counter-current chromatography was successfully used for the isolation and purification of terpenoid compounds from the essential oil of Pimpinella anisum L. A two-phase solvent system composed of n-heptane/methanol/ethyl acetate/water (5:2:5:2, v/v/v/v) was suitable for the purification of linalool, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, p-anisaldehyde, while n-heptane/methanol (1:1, v/v) was used for the isolation of anethole and foeniculin. A scale-up process from analytical to preparative was developed. Additionally, a stepwise gradient elution was applied and instead of two different runs, 40 min each, one 80 min separation was performed; although the time of separation remains the same, it was possible to repeat the efficiency even if the water-containing mobile phase was changed to a nonaqueous system. The obtained essential oil, as well as purified compounds, was analyzed by GC. A total of 0.64 mg of linalool, 0.52 mg of terpinen-4-ol, 0.10 mg of α-terpineol, 0.62 mg of p-anisaldehyde, 15 mg of anethole, and 2.12 mg of foeniculin were obtained from 210 mg of the essential oil of P. anisum L. in a short time with purities of 99, 98, 94, 93.54, 93, and 93.6%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland. kskalicka@pharmacognosy.org
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Skalicka-Woźniak
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walasek
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ludwiczuk
authors.forename: Kazimierz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Głowniak
mesh_terms: D003377:Countercurrent Distribution / Q000379:methods*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D028042:Pimpinella / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D013729:Terpenes
keywords: High-performance counter-current chromatography; High-speed counter-current chromatography; Pimpinella anisum; Terpenoids