title: Adipose tissue-related proteins locally associated with resolution of inflammation in obese mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Resolution of low-grade inflammation of white adipose tissue (WAT) is one of the keys for amelioration of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions. We focused on the identification of adipokines, which could be involved at the early stages of resolution of WAT inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male C57BL/6J mice with obesity induced in response to a 22-week feeding corn oil-based high-fat (cHF) diet were divided into four groups and were fed with, for 2 weeks, control cHF diet or cHF-based diets supplemented with: (i) concentrate of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (cHF+F); (ii) thiazolidinedione drug rosiglitazone (cHF+TZD); and (iii) both compounds (cHF+F+TZD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The short-term combined intervention exerted additive effect in the amelioration of WAT inflammation in obese mice, namely in the epididymal fat, even in the absence of any changes in either adipocyte volume or fat mass. The combined intervention elicited hypolipidaemic effect and induced adiponectin, whereas the responses to single interventions (cHF+F, cHF+TZD) were less pronounced. In addition, analysis in WAT lysates using protein arrays revealed that the levels of a small set of adipose tissue-related proteins, namely macrophage inflammatory protein 1γ, endoglin, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, changed in response to the anti-inflammatory interventions and were strongly reduced in the cHF+F+TZD mice. These results were verified using both the analysis of gene expression and enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis in WAT lysates. In contrast with adiponectin, which showed changing plasma levels in response to dietary interventions, the levels of the above proteins were affected only in WAT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified several adipose tissue-related proteins, which are locally involved in resolution of low-grade inflammation and remodelling of WAT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Z M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Jilkova
authors.affiliation: Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hensler
authors.affiliation: Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Medrikova
authors.affiliation: Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Janovska
authors.affiliation: Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Horakova
authors.affiliation: Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossmeisl
authors.affiliation: Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Flachs
authors.affiliation: Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sell
authors.affiliation: Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eckel
authors.affiliation: Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kopecky
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids