title: Ameliorating effects of curcumin on 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic denervation, glial response, and SOD1 reduction in the striatum of hemiparkinsonian mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammation and oxidative stress are believed to contribute to neuronal degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) pathway in Parkinson's disease. Curcumin, a component of the yellow curry spice, has been reported possessing anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study investigated the effects of curcumin on the extent of DA innervation, glial response, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) expression in the striatum of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  6-OHDA was unilaterally injected into the right striatum of ICR male mice. Curcumin (200 mg/kg) was administered daily for 7 days starting instantaneously after 6-OHDA injection. Seven days after 6-OHDA insult, mice were euthanized and striatal sections were collected, immunohistochemically stained, and quantitated for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), and SOD1 immunoreactivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  6-OHDA injection triggered a significant loss of TH-immunoreactive (-IR) axons, induced reaction of GFAP-IR astrocytes and Iba1-IR microglia, and decreased SOD1 expression in the 6-OHDA-lesioned striatum. Curcumin attenuated loss of TH-IR fibers, diminished activation of astrocytes and microglia, and sustained SOD1 level in the lesioned striatum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that curcumin counteracts the neurotoxicity of 6-OHDA through its anti-inflammatory properties (inhibition of glial response) and preservation of SOD1 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand. wanidatr@swu.ac.th
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tripanichkul
authors.forename: E-O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Jaroensuppaperch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000633:toxicity; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis*; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D016627:Oxidopamine; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; C000606291:Sod1 protein, mouse; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D003474:Curcumin