title: Central role of β-catenin in anticancer effects of cardiac hormones.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  β-Catenin causes malignant growth of colonic, pancreatic and renal cancer. Four cardiac hormones, namely atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), vessel dilator, long-acting natriuretic peptide (LANP) and kaliuretic peptide eliminate up to 80% of human pancreatic carcinomas growing in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four cardiac hormones were evaluated for their ability to reduce the expression of human β-catenin, measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in human colorectal, pancreatic and renal cancer cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vessel dilator, LANP, kaliuretic peptide, and ANP, over a concentration range of 100 pM to 10 μM, maximally reduced expression of β-catenin in human colorectal cancer cells by 78%, 71%, 69%, and 83%, respectively. Vessel dilator, LANP, kaliuretic peptide, and ANP reduced β-catenin expression in human pancreatic cancer cells by 76%, 66%, 72%, and 88%, and by 64%, 54%, 58% and 73%, in human renal cancer cells, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Part of the anticancer action of these four cardiac hormones is a potent inhibition of β-catenin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, James A. Haley VA Medical Center and University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Skelton
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skelton
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Vesely
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011498:Protein Precursors; C075322:atrial natriuretic factor precursor (79-98); C054547:atrial natriuretic factor prohormone (1-30), human; C054548:atrial natriuretic factor prohormone (31-67); D051176:beta Catenin; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor
keywords: cardiac hormones; human colorectal adenocarcinoma; human pancreatic cancer; human renal adenocarcinoma; β-Catenin