title: Intraoperative device closure of subaortic ventricular septal defects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and the indication for percardiac device closure of subaortic ventricular septal defects (VSDs) under guidance of transesophageal echocardiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 62 patients with VSDs immediately below the aortic valve underwent percardiac device closure without cardiopulmonary bypass.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no deaths. Of 62 patients, 52 (83.9%) underwent successful closure and 10 (16.1%) were converted to open-heart surgery due to tricuspid regurgitation, aortic regurgitation, and a residual shunt. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed the type and diameter of VSD were associated with the failure of device closure. There were no severe adverse events. Follow-up ranged from 13 to 31 months (mean, 22.3 ± 5.2 months). Early and late complications occurred in 10 patients (19.2%) and two patients (3.8%), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Excellent short-term results can be achieved in selected patients with percardiac device closure of subaortic ventricular septal defects.
authors.affiliation: The Stomatology Center, The Second Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Tian Li
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yi Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Nei
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D001021:Aortic Valve; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D055989:Septal Occluder Device; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome