title: The effect of bone conduction microphone placement on intensity and spectrum of transmitted speech items.
abstract: Speech signals can be converted into electrical audio signals using either conventional air conduction (AC) microphone or a contact bone conduction (BC) microphone. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of the location of a BC microphone on the intensity and frequency spectrum of the recorded speech. Twelve locations, 11 on the talker's head and 1 on the collar bone, were investigated. The speech sounds were three vowels (/u/, /a/, /i/) and two consonants (/m/, /∫/). The sounds were produced by 12 talkers. Each sound was recorded simultaneously with two BC microphones and an AC microphone. Analyzed spectral data showed that the BC recordings made at the forehead of the talker were the most similar to the AC recordings, whereas the collar bone recordings were most different. Comparison of the spectral data with speech intelligibility data collected in another study revealed a strong negative relationship between BC speech intelligibility and the degree of deviation of the BC speech spectrum from the AC spectrum. In addition, the head locations that resulted in the highest speech intelligibility were associated with the lowest output signals among all tested locations. Implications of these findings for BC communication are discussed.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Human Research and Engineering Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, USA. phuong.k.tran.civ@mail.mil
authors.forename: Phuong K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Tomasz R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Letowski
authors.forename: Maranda E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McBride
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000669:Amplifiers, Electronic; D001302:Audiometry, Speech / Q000295:instrumentation; D001844:Bone Conduction; D003142:Communication; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010700:Phonetics; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception; D013068:Speech Production Measurement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014732:Vibration; D055815:Young Adult