title: Tamoxifen therapy for the management of pubertal gynecomastia: a systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A systematic review to assess the efficacy of tamoxifen in the management of idiopathic pubertal gynecomastia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Searches were conducted using the databases of Medline (search engine PubMed) and Web of Science®.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies reporting the use of Tamoxifen for the treatment of gynecomastia in adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Resolution of gynecomastia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 164 publications were found; 59 were selected for retrieval and six were included in the review. There were no randomized controlled studies; the studies found have methodological flaws but show promising results. No clinical side-effects were reported or observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tamoxifen may be effective for the treatment of pubertal gynecomastia, and it seems safe to use. Randomized controlled studies are necessary to confirm this indication.
authors.forename: Oren
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lapid
authors.forename: Jan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: van Wingerden
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perlemuter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D056687:Off-Label Use; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D013629:Tamoxifen