title: Risk of childhood leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after parental occupational exposure to solvents and other agents: the SETIL Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the context of the Italian Multicentric Epidemiological Study on Risk Factors for Childhood Leukaemia and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (SETIL), the risk of childhood cancer was investigated in relation to parental occupational exposures.
  
  
  METHODS
  All cases of childhood leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in children aged 0-10 years were identified. Controls were chosen at random from the local population in each region. Parents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were blindly reviewed by expert industrial hygienists in order to estimate exposure to a list of agents. Statistical analyses were performed for each agent using unconditional multivariable logistic regression models, taking into account timing of exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  683 cases of acute childhood leukaemia, 97 cases of NHL and 1044 controls were identified. Increased risk of childhood leukaemia was found for maternal exposure to aliphatic (OR 4.3) or aromatic hydrocarbons (OR 3.8) in the preconception period, and for paternal exposure to diesel exhaust (OR 1.4), lead exposure (OR 1.7) and mineral oils (OR 1.4)[corrected]. Risk of NHL appeared to be related to paternal exposure to oxygenated solvents (OR 2.5) and petrol exhaust (OR 2.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found increased risk for childhood leukaemia associated with maternal occupational exposure to aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, particularly in the preconception period; increased risks were also observed for paternal exposure to diesel exhaust fumes, mineral oils and lead. The risk of NHL appeared to be related to paternal exposure to oxygenated solvent and petrol exhausts.
authors.affiliation: Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, ISPO Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy. l.miligi@ispo.toscana.it
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miligi
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benvenuti
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mattioli
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salvan
authors.forename: Giulio Andrea
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Tozzi
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ranucci
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Legittimo
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rondelli
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bisanti
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zambon
authors.forename: Santina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cannizzaro
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kirchmayer
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cocco
authors.forename: Egidio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Celentano
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Assennato
authors.forename: Domenico Franco
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Merlo
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mosciatti
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Minelli
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cuttini
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Torregrossa
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lagorio
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haupt
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Risica
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polichetti
authors.forename: Corrado
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magnani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002617:Chemical Industry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018812:Paternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012997:Solvents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances; D012997:Solvents