title: Smoking cessation and characteristics of success and failure among female high-school smokers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a smoking cessation program on female high-school students and to analyze the characteristics of students who quit smoking compared to those of students who failed to quit.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study used a mixed research design, including a pre- and post-experimental design for measuring the effects of the smoking cessation intervention and a qualitative design using a focus group interview to analyze the characteristics of individuals who successfully quit in comparison to those who failed to stop smoking. Data were collected before and after the intervention through a self-report questionnaire, a biochemical index, and a focus group interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the intervention, positive changes in stage in the transtheoretical model for smoking-cessation behavior increased significantly (P<0.001), and the number of cigarettes smoked daily (P=0.001), dependency on nicotine, expiratory CO levels, and positive frequency of urine nicotine levels decreased significantly (P<0.001). Based on data from the focus group interview, students who stopped smoking showed different intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental characteristics compared to students who failed to stop smoking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the smoking-cessation program could be more effective if it were to involve teachers and family members. In addition, a smoking-prohibited community environment could assist in the control of adolescents' smoking behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Suwon Women's College, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Ae
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chung Yul
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun Sun
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Gwang Suk
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D012574:Schools; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*