title: Ejaculatory duct obstruction: current diagnosis and treatment.
abstract: Ejaculatory duct obstruction is an infrequent cause of obstructive azoospermia, occurring in up to 5 % of such patients. However, it is potentially correctable and warrants consideration in the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting for infertility evaluation. This review provides an overview of ejaculatory duct obstruction: its various etiologies, presentation, and associated clinical assessment. It includes a description of diagnostic imaging and interventional studies available to the practicing urologist and concludes with a discussion of current endoscopic management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH Fertility Center, 55 Fruit Street, YAW 10A, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: McQuaid
authors.forename: Cigdem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tanrikut
mesh_terms: D053713:Azoospermia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D004543:Ejaculatory Ducts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014463:Ultrasonography