title: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and central nervous system depressants dependence. A review.
abstract: The comorbidity between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders is very common. A review of literature addressing prevalence, clinical features and treatment of the comorbidity between ADHD and CNS depressants was conducted. The prevalences found have a wide range (4.5% to 58%). ADHD has been associated with greater severity of addiction, early onset of consumption and addiction, more psychiatric comorbidity and more chronicity. In drug-dependent patients the diagnosis is a complex process because the frequent overlap of symptoms. The screening instruments should be used with caution. Drug therapy has shown efficacy in reducing ADHD symptoms, but there is no consensus regarding their influence on substance use. However, results should be interpreted cautiously, because the samples are small. Psychoeducational interventions are relevant, but treatment outcomes have not been described or studied systematically.
authors.affiliation: CAS Vall d'Hebron, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron-Agencia de Salud Publica de Barcelona (ASPB), CIBERSAM, Spain. cdaigre@vhebron.net
authors.forename: Constanza
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Daigre
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terán
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: García-Vicent
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roncero
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications*; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D006801:Humans; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants