title: De novo sequence analysis of cytochrome P450 1-3 genes expressed in ostrich liver with highest expression of CYP2G19.
abstract: The cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1-3 families are involved in xenobiotic metabolism, and are expressed primarily in the liver. Ostriches (Struthio camelus) are members of Palaeognathae with the earliest divergence from other bird lineages. An understanding of genes coding for ostrich xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme contributes to knowledge regarding the xenobiotic metabolisms of other Palaeognathae birds. We investigated CYP1-3 genes expressed in female ostrich liver using a next-generation sequencer. We detected 10 CYP genes: CYP1A5, CYP2C23, CYP2C45, CYP2D49, CYP2G19, CYP2W2, CYP2AC1, CYP2AC2, CYP2AF1, and CYP3A37. We compared the gene expression levels of CYP1A5, CYP2C23, CYP2C45, CYP2D49, CYP2G19, CYP2AF1, and CYP3A37 in ostrich liver and determined that CYP2G19 exhibited the highest expression level. The mRNA expression level of CYP2G19 was approximately 2-10 times higher than those of other CYP genes. The other CYP genes displayed similar expression levels. Our results suggest that CYP2G19, which has not been a focus of previous bird studies, has an important role in ostrich xenobiotic metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Kensuke P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Aiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohnuma
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sawa
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikenaka
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D051379:Mice; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D020310:Struthioniformes
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
keywords: CYP2G19; Cytochrome P450; next generation sequencing; ostrich; phylogeny