title: Evaluation of intraorbital prosthetic pigmentation using 0.3 and 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the magnetic susceptibility artifact associated with pigmented intraorbital prosthetics when performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). Potential artifact reduction techniques were also investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five different-colored 20-millimeter small animal silicone intraorbital prosthetics and two equine prosthetics were evaluated using 0.3 and 1.5 Tesla (T) MRI and CT. MRI sequences included T1- (T1WI) and T2-weighted spin echo (T2WI), T2 gradient echo (T2*), short tau inversion recovery (STIR), and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR). When present, artifact size was measured using computerized software by three separate observers. Artifact reduction techniques included alterations in receiver bandwidth, field of view, slice thickness, and matrix size.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ferrous brown-pigmented prosthetic resulted in a magnetic susceptibility artifact with MRI. No artifact was observed on CT images. Interobserver variability was not statistically significant. For both the 0.3T and 1.5T MRI, the T2* sequence exhibited the largest artifact surface area followed by T2WI, T1WI, STIR, and FLAIR. Decreasing slice thickness showed a decrease in artifact size; however, this difference was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ferrous substances in the brown intraorbital prosthetic resulted in a significant magnetic susceptibility artifact when performing MRI. Artifact reduction techniques did not significantly decrease artifact surface area. The use of ferrous brown-pigmented prosthetics and their potential to affect future MR imaging studies should be adequately discussed with pet owners.
authors.affiliation: Eye Care for Animals, 1021 E. 3300 S., Salt Lake City, UT, 84106, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dustin Dees
authors.forename: Nicole E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: MacLaren
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Broome
authors.forename: Douglas W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Esson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D005137:Eye, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: computed tomography; intraocular silicone prosthetic; intraorbital silicone prosthetic; magnetic resonance imaging; magnetic susceptibility artifact