title: Effect of Jobelyn® on intruder- and isolation-induced aggressive behavior in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aggression is a violent behavior emitted against another organism that may lead to its harm or death and thus is of public health significance, which necessitates the search for agents with anti-aggressive property. This study investigated the effect of Jobelyn® (JB), a unique African polyherbal formulation, on intruder- and isolation-induced aggressive behaviors in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male mice that showed aggression after being housed individually with female counterparts for 3 weeks or kept in isolation for 4 weeks were treated orally (p.o.) with JB (5, 10 or 50 mg/kg), haloperidol (HP) (1 mg/kg), fluoxetine (FL) (10 mg/kg), p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) (20 mg/kg), mianserin (MS) (50 mg/kg) or distilled water (10 mL/kg) 60 min before being tested for aggression. Interaction studies involving oral administration of PCPA (20 mg/kg), FL (10 mg/kg) or MS (50 mg/kg) to aggressive mice that had received JB (5 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) 30 min earlier were assessed. The effect of JB (5, 10 or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) on defensive behaviors was also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  JB (5, 10 or 50 mg/kg) decreased aggressive behaviors without impairing the defensive mechanisms of mice. PCPA (20 mg/kg), an inhibitor of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) biosynthesis, increased aggressive responses and reduced the anti-aggressive effect of JB. FL (10 mg/kg), a 5-HT reuptake inhibitor, significantly suppressed aggression but did not alter the effect of JB on aggression. MS (50 mg/kg), a 5-HT receptor antagonist, reduced aggression and enhanced the effect of JB on aggression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that JB has anti-aggressive activity, which may be related to the enhancement of serotonergic system.
authors.forename: Solomon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umukoro
authors.forename: Itivere Adrian
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Omogbiya
authors.forename: Taghogho Anthony
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Eduviere
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D016488:Medicine, African Traditional; D051379:Mice; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012934:Social Isolation / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations; D018490:Serotonin Agents