title: Decrease in fungal biodiversity along an available phosphorous gradient in arable Andosol soils in Japan.
abstract: Andosols comprise one of the most important soil groups for agricultural activities in Japan because they cover about 46.5% of arable upland fields. In this soil group, available phosphorus (P) is accumulated by application of excessive fertilizer, but little is known about the influence of increasing P availability on microbial community diversity at large scales. We collected soil samples from 9 agro-geographical sites with Andosol soils across an available P gradient (2048.1-59.1 mg P2O5·kg(-1)) to examine the influence of P availability on the fungal community diversity. We used polymerase chain reaction - denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to analyze the fungal communities based on 18S rRNA genes. Statistical analyses revealed a high negative correlation between available P and fungal diversity (H'). Fungal diversity across all sites exhibited a significant hump-shaped relationship with available P (R(2) = 0.38, P < 0.001). In addition, the composition of the fungal community was strongly correlated with the available P gradient. The ribotype F6, which was positively correlated with available P, was closely related to Mortierella. The results show that both the diversity and the composition of the fungal community were influenced by available P concentrations in Andosols, at a large scale. This represents an important step toward understanding the processes responsible for the maintenance of fungal diversity in Andosolic soils.
authors.affiliation: a National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305-8604 Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Sho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Yuko Takada
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Hiroharu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuroyanagi
authors.forename: Yasufumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urashima
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.forename: Atsuhiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kushida
authors.forename: Koki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toyota
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Seiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsushima
mesh_terms: D044822:Biodiversity; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D058645:Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; D005308:Fertilizers; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007564:Japan; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D021521:Ribotyping; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005308:Fertilizers; D012987:Soil; D010758:Phosphorus