title: The role of microvesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells in tissue regeneration; a dream for tendon repair?
abstract: Tendon injuries represent even today a challenge as repair may be exceedingly slow and incomplete. Regenerative medicine and stem cell technology have shown to be of great promise. Here, we will review the current knowledge on the mechanisms of the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from different sources (bone marrow, fat, cord blood, placenta). More specifically, we will devote attention to the current use of MSCs that have been used experimentally and in limited numbers of clinical cases for the surgical treatment of subchondral-bone cysts, bone-fracture repair and cartilage repair. Based on the recently emerging role in regenerative mechanisms of soluble factors and of extracellular vesicles, we will discuss the potential of non-cellular therapies in horse tendon injuries.
authors.affiliation: Center of Translational Regenerative Medicine, Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Ciro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tetta
authors.forename: Anna Lange
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Consiglio
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tetta
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gatti
authors.forename: Miryana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dobreva
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cremonesi
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Camussi
keywords: horse tendinopathies; microvesicles; regenerative medicine; soluble factors; stem cells