title: Electrical mallet in implants placed in fresh extraction sockets with simultaneous osteotome sinus floor elevation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the application of an electrical mallet (magnetic mallet) in osteotome-assisted surgery for sinus floor elevation with implants placed in fresh sockets and 2-year follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 32 patients (70 implants, 36 in the molar and 34 in the premolar regions) requiring extractions of maxillary premolars and molars were included in this prospective study. In all cases, implants were positioned immediately after tooth extraction. The implant site was prepared with osteotomes pushed by a magnetic mallet. Intraoral digital radiographic measurements were reported at 70 days and 1 and 2 years. Initial alveolar bone height and mean gained alveolar bone height were calculated for each implant over time. All implants were followed for 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One of 70 implants failed 1 month after surgery. This implant was successfully replaced 6 months later. The cumulative survival rate at 2 years was 98.57%. After surgery, no membrane perforation was reported, and no patient experienced vertigo, distress, nausea, and vomiting. Radiographic results were reported at 70 days and 1 and 2 years from implant placement. The alveolar bone gain following 70 days of healing resulted in a mean value of 2.63 ± 1.01 mm and, at 2 years from implant placement, was stable at 4.08 ± 1.25 mm. Statistically significant differences (P < .05) between values at 70 days and 1 year were reported, whereas there were no statistically significant differences (P > .05) between 1 and 2 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The electrical mallet represents a fast and accurate instrument for placing bone expanders in fresh socket implants and simultaneous sinus floor elevation to avoid patient distress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Vita Salute University, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy. robcresp@libero.it
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Crespi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Capparè
authors.forename: Enrico Felice
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Gherlone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000601:surgery; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods; D003762:Dental Instruments; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar / Q000601:surgery; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014081:Tooth Extraction