title: Neurodegenerative and inflammatory biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with Cushing's syndrome in remission.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) in long-term remission have impaired cognitive function. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are important diagnostic tools in the work-up of patients with cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to analyze neurodegenerative and inflammatory biomarkers in the CSF of patients with CS in remission.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, single-center study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve women previously treated for CS and six healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neurodegenerative CSF markers: total tau, hyperphosphorylated tau, amyloid beta peptides, soluble amyloid precursor protein alpha and beta, neurofilament light proteins, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; and inflammatory CSF markers: interferon gamma, interleukin (IL) 1B, IL2, IL4, IL5, IL8, IL10, IL12p70, IL13, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age (mean±S.D.) was similar in patients with CS in remission (44.9±14 years) and healthy subjects (42.3±15.7 years; P=0.726). No differences were observed in the concentrations of any neurodegenerative biomarkers between the patients and healthy subjects. Nor were the concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers different between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of neurodegenerative and inflammatory biomarkers in the CSF of patients with CS in remission does not differ from that of the healthy subjects. The underlying mechanisms of the cognitive deficits in patients with CS in remission are different from those observed in patients with neurodegenerative disorders and remain to be explained.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden. oskar.ragnarsson@medic.gu.se
authors.forename: Oskar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ragnarsson
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berglund
authors.forename: Derek N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Eder
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zetterberg
authors.forename: Max A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hietala
authors.forename: Kaj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blennow
authors.forename: Gudmundur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Johannsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003480:Cushing Syndrome / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D015415:Biomarkers; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D016875:tau Proteins