title: Employment is associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women based on the 2007-2009 Korean National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to investigate the association between employment status and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adult Korean women after stratification by menopause status.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the relationship between employment status and the prevalence of MetS in 5,256 Korean women (3,141 premenopausal women and 2,115 postmenopausal women) who participated in the 2007-2009 Korean National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey. Employment status was classified as unemployed, employed part time, and employed full time based on a self-reported questionnaire. A modified Asian criterion based on a harmonized definition of MetS was adopted. Sampling weights were used to take the complex sampling method into account.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalences of MetS in the unemployed group, part-time employment group, and full-time employment group were 14.5%, 11.8%, and 12.7% in premenopausal women and 54.9%, 44.0%, and 41.8% in postmenopausal women, respectively. Compared with the unemployed group, the odds ratios (95% CIs) for MetS in the part-time and full-time employment groups were 0.79 (0.52-1.22) and 0.80 (0.56-1.16) in premenopausal women and 0.67 (0.46-0.97) and 0.66 (0.51-0.84) in postmenopausal women, respectively, after adjusting for covariates such as age, inflammatory marker, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Employment seems to be significantly related to a lower prevalence of MetS in postmenopausal women, but not in premenopausal women. However, there may not have been adequate statistical power to detect relations in premenopausal women. Further research is warranted to clarify the menopause-specific relationship between employment status and MetS risk.
authors.affiliation: From the 1Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, and 2Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Family Medicine, Wonju Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea; and 4International Health Care Center, Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Taik
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hae-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong-Koo
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Linton
authors.forename: Yong-Jae
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides