title: Effect of sleeve gastrectomy on body weight, food intake, glucose tolerance, and metabolic hormone level in two different rat models: Goto-Kakizaki and diet-induced obese rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is still an important question whether sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is appropriate only in the context of obesity-the condition for which it was originally developed-or whether lean people with insulin-deficient diabetes might also benefit. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of SG in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) and diet-induced obese (DIO) rats that have distinct characteristics in beta-cell function and fat mass.
  
  
  METHODS
  SG was performed in GK and DIO rats. Body weight, food intake, and fasting blood glucose were monitored after surgery. Des-acyl ghrelin in fasting condition and blood glucose, insulin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 levels during meal test were measured. Homeostatic model assessment and insulinogenic index were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both GK and DIO rats, SG improved glucose tolerance with increased glucagon-like peptide-1 and insulin secretion during meal test, and reduced fasting des-acyl ghrelin levels. Insulin sensitivity was enhanced after SG in DIO rats. The improvement in glucose tolerance after SG was shown earlier in DIO rats than in GK rats and weight regain after SG occurred faster and was more prominent in GK rats than in DIO rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In both DIO and GK rats, SG could improve glucose tolerance with increased insulin secretion and/or action. The improvement in glucose tolerance was shown earlier in DIO rats than in GK rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Vo Nguyen
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Trung
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Hiroya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akabori
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ugi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maegawa
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D051381:Rats; D011922:Rats, Mutant Strains; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D054439:Ghrelin; D006728:Hormones; D007328:Insulin; C422650:ghrelin, des-n-octanoyl; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
keywords: Diabetes; Diet-induced obese rat; Goto-Kakizaki rat; Sleeve gastrectomy