title: Serum osteoprotegerin and periodontal destruction in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Besides their role in bone metabolism, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) are also known to be associated with inflammation. We explored associations between the extent/severity of periodontitis and circulating levels of sRANKL and OPG and their ratio using a cross-sectional study design.
  
  
  METHODS
  The extent of periodontal inflammation and tissue destruction and the serum levels of sRANKL (pg/ml) and OPG (pg/ml) were determined in 80 subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Plaque-, age-, gender-, smoking-, HbA1c- and body mass index-adjusted associations between periodontal parameters and serum sRANKL, OPG and their ratio were studied using multiple linear regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adjusted regression analyses of all the subjects indicated a significant positive association between AL ≥ 4 mm and severity of periodontitis and the level of serum OPG. A major drop in the strength and statistical significance of the above association was observed when the analyses included only non-smokers. Serum sRANKL level and sRANKL/OPG ratio were not associated with periodontitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our observations suggest that serum OPG may be an indicator of periodontal tissue destruction in T1DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Geriatric Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Antonoglou
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knuuttila
authors.forename: Pentti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nieminen
authors.forename: Olli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vainio
authors.forename: Liisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hiltunen
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Raunio
authors.forename: Onni
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Niemelä
authors.forename: Pirjo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hedberg
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karttunen
authors.forename: Tellervo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tervonen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000097:blood*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000097:blood; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000097:blood; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000097:blood*; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000097:blood*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; C505688:TNFSF11 protein, human
keywords: OPG; periodontitis; sRANKL; serum; type 1 diabetes mellitus