title: Substituted cathinone products: a new trend in "bath salts" and other designer stimulant drug use.
abstract: There is a growing concern about the availability of a new generation of "designer drug" stimulants that are marketed as "bath salts" and other household products. The products are not true bath salts and contain substituted cathinone stimulant substances, such as methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and mephedrone. Calls to the American Association of Poison Control Centers regarding "bath salts" consumption began in 2010 and have continued since that time. Few reports of systematic epidemiologic surveillance or definitive clinical effects of toxicity specifically associated with "bath salts" consumption have been reported in the medical literature. The current narrative review describes the growing trend of designer substituted cathinone use, pharmacology, clinical effects, and recent regulatory changes. It is hoped that a greater understanding of the clinical effects and use patterns will help inform policy and practice.
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. erikgunderson@virginia.edu
authors.forename: Erik W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Gunderson
authors.forename: Matthew G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Willing
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Holstege
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001494:Baths; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015198:Designer Drugs / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004335:Drug and Narcotic Control / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration; D014943:Global Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D011039:Poison Control Centers; D011356:Product Labeling / Q000145:classification / Q000639:trends; D012492:Salts; D040241:Social Marketing; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D015198:Designer Drugs; D012492:Salts; C023665:cathinone