title: Acute kidney injury after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) after any type of intervention negatively impacts mortality, length of hospitalization, and perhaps long-term survival. In the case of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), the incidence of AKI ranges from 1% to 23% for elective and emergency procedures and is lower compared to open repair. The pathophysiology of AKI in EVAR is complex: contrast-induced nephropathy, renal microembolization, and acute tubular necrosis are all implicated. Prevention strategies include hydration, ischemic preconditioning, regional anesthesia, and pharmacological agents. There is no level I evidence regarding the prevention of AKI in EVAR, so this review sought to examine the mechanisms and prevention strategies for this potentially fatal complication.
authors.affiliation: Warwickshire Vascular and Endovascular Unit, University Hospital Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, UK. a_saratzis@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: Athanasios N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Saratzis
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goodyear
authors.forename: Hariom
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sur
authors.forename: Mahmud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saedon
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Imray
authors.forename: Asif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahmood
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans