title: Influence of different beverages on the force degradation of intermaxillary elastics: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effects of frequently ingested beverages on force degradation of intermaxillary elastics.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty 1/4-inch intermaxillary elastics (TP Orthodontics) were immersed into six different beverages: (1) Coca-Cola®; (2) Beer; (3) Orange juice; (4) Red wine; (5) Coffee and (6) artificial saliva (control). The period of immersion was 15 min for the first and second cycles and 30 min for the third to fifth cycles. Tensile forces were read in a tensile testing machine before and after the five immersion cycles. One-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to identify significant differences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Force degradation was seen in all evaluated groups and at all observation periods (p<0.05). A greater degree of degradation was present at the initial periods, decreasing gradually over time. However, no statistically significant differences were seen among groups at the same periods, showing that different groups behaved similarly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The chemical nature of the evaluated beverages was not able to influence the degree of force degradation at all observation periods.
authors.affiliation: Dentistry Graduate Program - Orthodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge César Borges
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Leão Filho
authors.forename: Daphine Beatriz
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: Regis Meller
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.forename: Odilon
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Guariza-Filho
authors.forename: Elisa Souza
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.forename: Orlando Motohiro
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001628:Beverages; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007840:Latex / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D012408:Rubber / Q000737:chemistry; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003764:Dental Materials; D007840:Latex; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D012408:Rubber