title: Low fat intake is associated with pathological manifestations and poor recovery in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to clarify whether dietary deviation is associated with pathological manifestations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary intake was estimated in 35 HCC cases before and after hospitalization by referencing digital camera images of each meal. Pathological conditions were evaluated in nitrogen balance, non-protein respiratory quotient (npRQ), neuropsychiatric testing and recovery speed from HCC treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On admission, nitrogen balance and npRQ were negative and less than 0.85, respectively. Five patients were judged to have suffered from minimal hepatic encephalopathy that tended to be associated with a lowered value of npRQ (p = 0.082). The energy from fat intake showed a tendency of positive correlation with npRQ (p = 0.11), and the patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy took significantly fewer energy from fat (p = 0.024). The energy difference from fat between diets at home versus those in the hospital showed a significant positive correlation with npRQ change after admission (p = 0.014). The recovery speed from invasive treatments for HCC showed a significant negative correlation with npRQ alteration after admission (p = 0.0002, r = -0.73).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest the lower fat intake leads to deterioration of energy state in HCC patients, which associates with poor recovery from invasive treatments and various pathological manifestations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8122, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: Yuko S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Komoro
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanefuji
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Toshiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aoyagi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D003289:Convalescence; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D017097:Electric Impedance; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D016014:Linear Models; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D018529:Nutritional Support / Q000379:methods; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; D004041:Dietary Fats