title: Vitamin D deficiency in patients with neuromuscular diseases with chronic respiratory failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence and clinical implications of vitamin D deficiency have never been studied in patients with underlying neuromuscular diseases complicated with chronic respiratory failure. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, its relationship with other bone markers, and mode of nutrition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels along with calcium, serum albumin, and phosphorus levels were obtained from 57 patients with chronic respiratory failure due to underlying neuromuscular diseases. These levels were obtained during their first visit to a chronic respiratory diseases clinic. Data with regard to nutrition, respiratory muscle function, and level of mobility were also obtained at the same time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-five percent of patients had serum 25(OH)D levels ≤ 30 ng/mL. There is a negative correlation between parathyroid hormone and 25(OH)D levels (P = .006) and corrected calcium levels (P = .066). Serum 25(OH)D levels varied with the mode of nutrition. Patients on enteral nutrition had the highest serum levels of 25(OH)D, whereas combined oral and tube feeds had the lowest 25(OH)D levels (P = .006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low serum 25(OH)D levels are highly prevalent in patients with neuromuscular disease and chronic respiratory failure. The route of nutrition has an impact on these levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.
authors.forename: Sridhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Badireddi
authors.affiliation: Department of CLP Nutrition Dietitians, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.
authors.forename: Anita J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bercher
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.
authors.forename: Jason B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Holder
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock mirelee@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mireles-Cabodevila
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D004435:Eating; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005248:Feeding Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D015995:Prevalence; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000451:nursing; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D; D010758:Phosphorus; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D; D002118:Calcium
keywords: enteral nutrition; long-term care; proteins; pulmonary disease; vitamins