title: The status of accreditation in primary care.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One method utilised to improve the quality of health care is accreditation. Although accreditation has been extensively used in the acute care sector, its presence in primary care is limited and so is our understanding of its nature, uptake and associated outcomes. Because acute care and primary care environments are vastly different, our understanding of acute care accreditation cannot simply be translated to primary care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this paper was to explore the current state of primary care accreditation.
  
  
  METHODS
  An extensive search was completed examining peer-reviewed and grey literature. In addition, interviews with key stakeholders involved in primary care accreditation were undertaken.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From the 501 reviewed abstracts, 62 papers were used in this review in addition to 72 sources from grey literature. Eight interviews were also held with key informants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this review of the available literature of accreditation within primary care, it was found that accreditation in this sector is generally non-government funded and voluntary with some countries offering financial incentives. It was evident that there is a dearth of research on the nature and uptake of accreditation in this sector, along with how accreditation affects outcomes of care, whether it is an effective method to improve quality, perceptions of care, healthcare utilisation and costs. These findings imply that further research is required to examine the possible impact accreditation may have on health care within primary care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Canada. obeirne@ucalgary.ca
authors.forename: Maeve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Beirne
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zwicker
authors.forename: Pam D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Sterling
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lait
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee Robertson
authors.forename: Nelly D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Oelke
mesh_terms: D000068:Accreditation / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000592:standards*