title: Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and phenolic compounds of selected Inula species from Turkey.
abstract: Three Inula species, I. viscosa, I. helenium ssp. turcoracemosa and I. montbretiana, collected from different locations of Anatolia were investigated for their antioxidant and antimicrobial potential, and their total phenolic content and phenolic composition. Antioxidant activities of various extracts of the plant parts were measured using DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS assays. Antimicrobial potential of methanol extracts of the plant parts was determined by the agar dilution method against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. All the extracts were more active against Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts than Gram-negative bacteria. The extracts exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in different concentrations. Total phenolic concentration of the extracts was estimated with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent using gallic acid as standard. The total phenolic content varied widely in different parts of the three tested Inula species, ranging from 21.1 +/- 0.8 to 190.9 +/- 6.1 mg GAE/g extract. Phenolic components, such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, myricetin, quercetin, luteolin and kaempferol were quantified by HPLC-DAD in the methanol extracts of the Inula species. It was obvious that the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the plants were due to the phenolics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. gokbulut@pharmacy.ankara.edu.tr
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gökbulut
authors.forename: Onural
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozhan
authors.forename: Basri
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Satilmiş
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Batçioğlu
authors.forename: Selami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Günal
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sarer
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D038143:Inula / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts