title: Short-term high-intensity interval exercise training attenuates oxidative stress responses and improves antioxidant status in healthy humans.
abstract: This study investigated the changes in oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant status indices caused by a 3-week high-intensity interval training (HIT) regimen. Eight physically active males performed three HIT sessions/week over 3 weeks. Each session included four to six 30-s bouts of high-intensity cycling separated by 4 min of recovery. Before training, acute exercise elevated protein carbonyls (PC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and creatine kinase (CK), which peaked 24h post-exercise (252 ± 30%, 135 ± 17%, 10 ± 2%, 85 ± 14% and 36 ± 13%, above baseline, respectively; p<0.01), while catalase activity (CAT) peaked 30 min post-exercise (56 ± 18% above baseline; p<0.01). Training attenuated the exercise-induced increase in oxidative stress markers (PC by 13.3 ± 3.7%; TBARS by 7.2 ± 2.7%, p<0.01) and CK activity, despite the fact that total work done was 10.9 ± 3.6% greater in the post- compared with the pre-training exercise test. Training also induced a marked elevation of antioxidant status indices (TAC by 38.4 ± 7.2%; CAT by 26.2 ± 10.1%; GPX by 3.0 ± 0.6%, p<0.01). Short-term HIT attenuates oxidative stress and up-regulates antioxidant activity after only nine training sessions totaling 22 min of high intensity exercise, further supporting its positive effect not only on physical conditioning but also on health promotion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Athens, Greece. Electronic address: gbogdanis@phed.uoa.gr.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Bogdanis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stavrinou
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Fatouros
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Philippou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chatzinikolaou
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Draganidis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ermidis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maridaki
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D033281:Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D003402:Creatine Kinase
keywords: ANOVA; Antioxidant capacity; CAT; CK; Catalase; GPX; Glutathione; HIT; PC; Protein carbonyls; Sprint cycling; TAC; TBARS; analysis of variance; catalase; creatine kinase; glutathione peroxidase; high intensity training; protein carbonyls; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; total antioxidant capacity