title: Muscle size and arterial stiffness after blood flow-restricted low-intensity resistance training in older adults.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that blood flow-restricted low-intensity resistance training (BFR-RT) causes muscle hypertrophy while maintaining arterial function in young adults. We examined the effects of BFR-RT on muscle size and arterial stiffness in older adults. Healthy subjects (ages 61-84 years) were divided into BFR-RT (n = 9) or non-training control (CON; n = 10) groups. The BFR-RT group performed 20% and 30%, respectively, of one-repetition maximal (1-RM) knee extension and leg press exercises, 2 days/wk for 12 weeks. The BFR-RT group wore elastic cuffs (120-270 mmHg) on both legs during training. Magnetic resonance imaging-measured muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), 1-RM strength, chair stand (CS) test, and cardio-ankle vascular index testing (CAVI), an index of arterial stiffness, were measured before and 3-5 days after the final training session. Muscle CSA of the quadriceps (8.0%), adductors (6.5%), and gluteus maximus (4.4%), leg extension and leg press 1-RM strength (26.1% and 33.4%), and CS performance (18.3%) improved (P < 0.05) in the BFR-RT group, but not in the CON group. In CAVI testing, there were no changes in both two groups. In conclusion, BFR-RT improves muscle CSA as well as maximal muscle strength, but does not negatively affect arterial stiffness or humeral coagulation factors in older adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ischemic Circulatory Physiology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukumura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meguro
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamasoba
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D059289:Vascular Stiffness
keywords: arterial stiffness; muscle hypertrophy; sarcopenia; strength; vascular occlusion