title: Revolutionizing volunteer interpreter services: an evaluation of an innovative medical interpreter education program.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In our ever-increasingly multicultural, multilingual society, medical interpreters serve an important role in the provision of care. Though it is known that using untrained interpreters leads to decreased quality of care for limited English proficiency patients, because of a short supply of professionals and a lack of formalized, feasible education programs for volunteers, community health centers and internal medicine practices continue to rely on untrained interpreters.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop and formally evaluate a novel medical interpreter education program that encompasses major tenets of interpretation, tailored to the needs of volunteer medical interpreters.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-armed, quasi-experimental retro-pre-post study using survey ratings and feedback correlated by assessment scores to determine educational intervention effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight students; 24 Spanish, nine Mandarin, and five Vietnamese. The majority had prior interpreting experience but no formal medical interpreter training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students completed retrospective pre-test and post-test surveys measuring confidence in and perceived knowledge of key skills of interpretation. Primary outcome measures were a 10-point Likert scale for survey questions of knowledge, skills, and confidence, written and oral assessments of interpreter skills, and qualitative evidence of newfound knowledge in written reflections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses showed a statistically significant (P <0.001) change of about two points in mean self-ratings on knowledge, skills, and confidence, with large effect sizes (d > 0.8). The second half of the program was also quantitatively and qualitatively shown to be a vital learning experience, resulting in 18 % more students passing the oral assessments; a 19 % increase in mean scores for written assessments; and a newfound understanding of interpreter roles and ways to navigate them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This innovative program was successful in increasing volunteer interpreters' skills and knowledge of interpretation, as well as confidence in own abilities. Additionally, the program effectively taught how to navigate the roles of the interpreter to maintain clear communication.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, ohasbun@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Oswaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hasbún Avalos
authors.forename: Kaylin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pennington
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Osterberg
mesh_terms: D003144:Communication Barriers; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019303:Multilingualism; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014838:Volunteers / Q000193:education*