title: Thin extractive membrane for monitoring actinides in aqueous streams.
abstract: Alpha spectrometry and solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) are used for monitoring ultra-trace amount of alpha emitting actinides in different aqueous streams. However, these techniques have limitations i.e. alpha spectrometry requires a preconcentration step and SSNTDs are not chemically selective. Therefore, a thin polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) supported on silanized glass was developed for preconcentraion and determination of ultra-trace concentration of actinides by α-spectrometry and SSNTDs. PIMs were formed by spin coating on hydrophobic glass slide or solvent casting to form thin and self-supported membranes, respectively. Sorption experiments indicated that uptakes of actinides in the PIM were highly dependent on acidity of solution i.e. Am(III) sorbed up to 0.1 molL(-1) HNO₃, U(VI) up to 0.5 molL(-1) HNO₃ and Pu(IV) from HNO₃ concentration as high as 4 molL(-1). A scheme was developed for selective sorption of target actinide in the PIM by adjusting acidity and oxidation state of actinide. The actinides sorbed in PIMs were quantified by alpha spectrometry and SSNTDs. For SSNTDs, neutron induced fission-fragment tracks and α-particle tracks were registered in Garware polyester and CR-39 for quantifications of natural uranium and α-emitting actinides ((241)Am/(239)Pu/(233)U), respectively. Finally, the membranes were tested to quantify Pu in 4 molL(-1) HNO3 solutions and synthetic urine samples.
authors.affiliation: Radiochemistry Division, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chavan
authors.forename: Sumana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Ashok K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Kalsi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goswami
mesh_terms: D008671:Actinoid Series Elements / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine; D000512:Alpha Particles; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009502:Neutrons; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D011005:Plutonium / Q000032:analysis; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011874:Radiometry; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D014501:Uranium / Q000032:analysis; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D008671:Actinoid Series Elements; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D014501:Uranium; D011005:Plutonium; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Actinides; Alpha spectrometry; Polymer inclusion membrane; Quantification; Solid state nuclear track detector