title: Distribution of HCV genotypes in Poland.
abstract: Available data on prevalence of HCV genotypes in Poland are insufficient. The aim of the study was the analysis of distribution of HCV genotypes in Poland over the period of recent 10 years regarding the age of patients and the regions of the country.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of HCV genotypes in Poland was carried out between 2003 and 2012, and included 14 651 patients from 22 centers where patients with chronic viral hepatitis C are diagnosed and treated. Genotypes were analyzed in age groups (< 20 years of age, 20-40 years of age, > 40 years of age) as well as in populations of HBV and HIV co-infections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotype (G) 1 infection was demonstrated in 79.4%, G2 -0.1%, G3- 13.8%, G4- 4.9%, G6-0.09% and mixed infections in 1.6%. There was no infection with genotype 5. The highest prevalence of G1 was observed in the Łódzkie voivodship (89.2%) and the Slaskie voivodship (86.7%) while the lowest one in the Warmińsko-mazurskie (62.0%) and the Podlaskie voivodships (68.2%). Genotype 3 most commonly occurs in the Warmińsko-mazurskie (28.1%), and the Podlaskie voivodships (23.0%) and is least common in the Małopolskie (7.9%) and the Łódzkie voivodships (9.0%). Genotype 4 is more common in the Kujawsko-pomorskie (11.7%) and the Podlaskie voivodships (8.6%) and relatively less common in the Lubelskie (1.1%) and the Łódzkie voivodships (1.8%). Prevalence of G1 infection in 2003-2004 was 72% and increased up to 85.6% in 2011-2012, that was accompanied by decrease of G3 prevalence from 17% to 8% in this period. In HBV co-infected (n = 83), G1 infection was demonstrated in 85.5%, G3 - in 7.2%, G4 -4.8%, and mixed genotypes in 6%. Among HIV co-infected (n = 391), a much lower prevalence of G1 (33.0%) and a high of G3 (40.4%) as well as G4 (24.0%) were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a geographic variability of HCV genotypes prevalence in Poland. Increase of HCV G1 infections and decrease of G3 and G4 were observed in the last 10 years. Genotypes G3 and G4 occur more often in HCV/HIV co-infected than in HCV mono-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Chorób Zakaźnych i Hepatologii UM w Białymstoku, Poland. anatol@panasiuk.pl
authors.forename: Anatol
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panasiuk
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Flisiak
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mozer-Lisewska
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adamek
authors.forename: Małgorzata
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authors.lastname: Tyczyno
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Halota
authors.forename: Małgorzata
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authors.lastname: Pawłowska
authors.forename: Janusz
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authors.lastname: Stańczak
authors.forename: Hanna
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authors.lastname: Berak
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boroń-Kaczmarska
authors.forename: Tadeusz Wojciech
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Łapiński
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grzeszczuk
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piekarska
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomasiewicz
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authors.lastname: Jabłkowski
authors.forename: Wiesław
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kryczka
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zarebska-Michaluk
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stepień
authors.forename: Aleksander Michał
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Garlicki
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kozłowska
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiercińska-Drapało
authors.forename: Ewelina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zasik
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mazur
authors.forename: Bozena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dobracka
authors.forename: Witold
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dobracki
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Józef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ryzko
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pawłowska
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dzierzanowska-Fangrat
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Szenborn
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zaleska
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rokitka
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Strawińska
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Balinowska
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smiatacz
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stalke
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sikorska
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lakomy
authors.forename: Maciej
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authors.lastname: Zdrojewski
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lachowicz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017421:Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral