title: Cytoplasmic and genomic effects on non-meiosis-driven genetic changes in Brassica hybrids and allotetraploids from pairwise crosses of three cultivated diploids.
abstract: Nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions are predicted to be important in shaping the genetic changes in early stage of allopolyploidization. Our previous study shows the specific role of genome and cytoplasm affecting the chromosome pairing in Brassica hybrids and allotetraploids from pairwise crosses between three cultivated diploids with A, B and C genomes, respectively. Herein, to address how parental genomes and cytoplasm affects genomic, epigenetic and gene expression changes prior to meiosis in these hybrids and allopolyploids, their patterns of AFLP (Amplified fragment length polymorphism), mAFLP (Methylation AFLP) and cDNA-AFLP were compared with the progenitors, revealing the major absent bands within each genome. These changes varied under various cytoplasm backgrounds and genome combinations, following the significant order of AFLP> mAFLP> cDNA -AFLP. The frequencies of AFLP bands lost were positively correlated with the divergence degrees of parental genomes, but not obvious for those of mAFLP and cDNA-AFLP absent bands, and methylation change showed least variations among hybrids and within each genome. These changes within each genome followed the A>B>C hierarchy, except the highest rate of cDNA loss in B genome. Among three changes, only overall AFLP bands were significantly correlated with cDNA-AFLP, and their correlations varied within each genome. These changes in allotetraploids were mainly caused by genome merger rather than doubling. Parental genomes altered differently at three levels, responded to the types of cytoplasm and genome and their interaction or divergence. The result provides new clues for instant non-meiosis-driven genome restructuring following genome merger and duplication.
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding Technology, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement (Wuhan), College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Xianhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Maoteng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zaiyun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004171:Diploidy; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D023281:Genomics; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D008540:Meiosis; D011003:Ploidies; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D057891:Tetraploidy