title: Cranial irradiation in adults diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia presenting with hyperleukocytosis and neurologic dysfunction.
abstract: This study describes our institution's experience using whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) to treat patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) presenting with hyperleukocytosis. After approval by the institutional review board, we identified patients with AML and hyperleukocytosis using hospital records. The primary endpoints in the study included alleviation of neurological symptoms (or prevention if prophylactic RT was used), overall survival, development of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and ≥ grade 3 toxicities using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 (CTCAE v4.0). Eighteen patients received WBRT for the treatment of AML hyperleukocytosis. Thirteen patients received treatment in order to control neurological symptoms. Clinical assessment showed that 12 of 13 patients (92%) achieved resolution of neurological symptoms either concurrent with RT or immediately after RT. The mean overall survival for all of the patients who received WBRT was 14.2 months (95% confidence interval, 5.4-23.0). No patient who received RT experienced ≥ grade 3 toxicity. Two (6%) patients developed ICH following therapy. Our institution's experience demonstrates that WBRT may be utilized as part of multimodality therapy in order to alleviate or prevent neurological symptoms in patients with AML presenting with leukostasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.forename: Salma K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jabbour
authors.forename: Neil K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Taunk
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aisner
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cohler
authors.forename: Sanaa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Somalya
authors.forename: Sharad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goyal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D016371:Cranial Irradiation / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D007964:Leukocytosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome