title: [Cognitive complaints in people with human immunodeficiency virus in Spain: prevalence and related variables].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cognitive complaints have been scarcely studied in people with HIV in Spain. The aim of this research was to know the prevalence of cognitive complaints in HIV-infected people, as well as its potential relationships with demographic, clinical and psychological variables, in the era of combination antiretroviral therapies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational multicenter study developed in 4 hospitals and 10 NGOs, in which 791 people with HIV in Spain participated. A self-reported questionnaire was used to evaluate demographic and clinical variables, and an assessment of cognitive complaints, emotional status and quality of life variables was also included. Descriptive and inferential tests were used for statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost half of the sample (49.8%) referred cognitive complaints, in 72.1% of them an association with interference on daily living activities was found. Memory and attention were the areas most prevalently perceived as affected. The existence of cognitive complaints correlated with a longer HIV infection, lower CD4+ cell count, undetectable viral load and worse quality of life. A discriminant analysis determined that depression, anxiety, older age, living with no partner and low education level allowed to classify optimally HIV-infected people with cognitive complaints.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-reported cognitive complaints are frequent in people infected with HIV in the current era of combination antiretroviral therapies. This fact is related to emotional disturbances and poor quality of life, but also to impaired immunological and virological status.
authors.affiliation: Fundació Lluita contra la SIDA, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: jmunoz@flsida.org.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española Interdisciplinaria del SIDA (SEISIDA), Madrid, España; Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fuster-Ruiz de Apodaca
authors.affiliation: Fundació Lluita contra la SIDA, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Carmina R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Fumaz
authors.affiliation: Fundació Lluita contra la SIDA, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Molero
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española Interdisciplinaria del SIDA (SEISIDA), Madrid, España; Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Àngels
authors.initials: À
authors.lastname: Jaen
authors.affiliation: Fundació Lluita contra la SIDA, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, España; Institut per la Recerca de la SIDA IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Bonaventura
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clotet
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española Interdisciplinaria del SIDA (SEISIDA), Madrid, España; Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dalmau
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D057566:Self Report; D013030:Spain; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Ansiedad; Antiretroviral therapy; Anxiety; Cognitive complaints; Depresión; Depression; Human immunodeficiency virus-infection; Infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana; Quejas cognitivas; Tratamiento antirretroviral