title: Short-term patient reported health-related quality of life (HRQL) outcomes after robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine short-term health-related quality of life (HRQL) outcomes after robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) using the Bladder Cancer Index (BCI) and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Body Image Scale (BIS).
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients undergoing RARC were enrolled in a quality assurance database. The patients completed two validated questionnaires, BCI and BIS, preoperatively and at standardised postoperative intervals. The primary outcome measure was difference in interval and baseline BCI and BIS scores. Complications were identified and classified by Clavien grade.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 43 patients completed pre- and postoperative questionnaires There was a decline in the urinary domain at 0-1 month after RARC (P = 0.006), but this returned to baseline by 1-2 months. There was a decline in the bowel domain at 0-1 month (P < 0.001) and 1-2 months (P = 0.024) after RARC, but this returned to baseline by 2-4 months. The decline in BCI scores was greatest for the sexual function domain, but this returned to baseline by 16-24 months after RARC. Body image perception using BIS showed no significant change after RARC except at the 4-10 months period (P = 0.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on BCI and BIS scores HRQL outcomes after RARC show recovery of urinary and bowel domains ≤6 months. Longer follow-up with a larger cohort of patients will help refine HRQL outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Poch
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Stegemann
authors.forename: Shabnam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.forename: Abid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Joseph D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Consiglio
authors.forename: Gregory E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Wilding
authors.forename: Khurshid A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Guru
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001828:Body Image; D003075:Coitus; D015653:Cystectomy; D003672:Defecation; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012307:Risk Factors; D012371:Robotics; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D014554:Urination
keywords: bladder cancer; cystectomy; quality of life; robotics