title: Prevalent hallucinations during medical internships: phantom vibration and ringing syndromes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Phantom vibration syndrome is a type of hallucination reported among mobile phone users in the general population. Another similar perception, phantom ringing syndrome, has not been previously described in the medical literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective longitudinal study of 74 medical interns (46 males, 28 females; mean age, 24.8±1.2 years) was conducted using repeated investigations of the prevalence and associated factors of phantom vibration and ringing. The accompanying symptoms of anxiety and depression were evaluated with the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories before the internship began, and again at the third, sixth, and twelfth internship months, and two weeks after the internship ended.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The baseline prevalence of phantom vibration was 78.1%, which increased to 95.9% and 93.2% in the third and sixth internship months. The prevalence returned to 80.8% at the twelfth month and decreased to 50.0% 2 weeks after the internship ended. The baseline prevalence of phantom ringing was 27.4%, which increased to 84.9%, 87.7%, and 86.3% in the third, sixth, and twelfth internship months, respectively. This returned to 54.2% two weeks after the internship ended. The anxiety and depression scores also increased during the internship, and returned to baseline two weeks after the internship. There was no significant correlation between phantom vibration/ringing and symptoms of anxiety or depression. The incidence of both phantom vibration and ringing syndromes significantly increased during the internship, and subsequent recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that phantom vibration and ringing might be entities that are independent of anxiety or depression during evaluation of stress-associated experiences during medical internships.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Hsuan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Sheng-Hsuan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei-Lieh
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ching-Yen
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D040421:Cell Phone / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D013577:Syndrome; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014732:Vibration; D055815:Young Adult