title: Neonatal mortality in HIV-exposed infants born to women receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in Rural Uganda.
abstract: As human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women gain access to combination antiretroviral therapy throughout sub-Saharan Africa, a growing number of infants are being born HIV-exposed but uninfected. Data about neonatal mortality and the impact of premature delivery, in this population are limited. We describe the 28-day mortality outcomes in a cohort of HIV-exposed infants who had ultrasound-confirmed gestational age in rural Uganda. There were 13 deaths among 351 infants, including 9 deaths in the perinatal period. Premature delivery was a strong predictor of mortality. The prevention of HIV transmission to infants is now possible in rural low-resource settings but the frequency of neonatal death among HIV-exposed infants remains extremely high, calling for new comprehensive interventions to reduce mortality in this growing population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ades
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mwesigwa
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Natureeba
authors.forename: Tamara D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plenty
authors.forename: Edwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Charlebois
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Achan
authors.forename: Moses R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kamya
authors.forename: Diane V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Havlir
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cohan
authors.forename: Theodore D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Ruel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007234:Infant, Premature; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D047928:Premature Birth; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: Africa; HIV; mortality; neonatal; prematurity