title: NOD2 prevents emergence of disease-predisposing microbiota.
abstract: The gut flora is composed of a huge number of diverse, well-adapted symbionts that interact with epithelial lining throughout the host's entire life. Not all commensals have the same ability to maintain quiescent, protective inflammation. Importantly, instability in the composition of gut microbial communities (referred to as dysbiosis) has been linked to loss of gut barrier in the context of common human illnesses with increasing socio-economic impacts, such as Crohn disease and colorectal cancer. Our recent findings suggest that disease-predisposing dysbiosis can now be intentionally manipulated by targeting the major Crohn disease-predisposing NOD2 gene. That knowledge will not only add a new dimension to the often overlooked microbiology of Crohn disease and colorectal cancer, but will also have a broad impact on biomedical sciences worldwide.
authors.affiliation: INRA, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale/UMR 1043, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Secher
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Normand
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chamaillard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000209:etiology*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein / Q000172:deficiency*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
keywords: Crohn disease; colorectal cancer; dysbiosis; fecal transplantation; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2