title: Antiapoptotic agent sphingosine-1-phosphate protects vitrified murine ovarian grafts.
abstract: Significant follicle loss from frozen ovarian grafts is unavoidable. The authors evaluated the protective effects of the antiapoptotic agent sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on vitrified ovarian grafts. Three-week-old sexually immature female FVB mice were divided into 4 groups, fresh, control without S1P, 0.5 mmol/L S1P, and 2 mmol/L S1P. The ovaries were pretreated with S1P for 1 hour and then cryopreserved by modified vitrification. The frozen-thawed ovaries were autotransplanted under the back muscles of mice for 10 days. Expression of apoptosis-related genes encoding caspase 3 and c-Myc was analyzed in the vitrified ovaries and 10 days after transplantation using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. To quantify the ovarian reserve, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and follicles were measured in the 10-day vitrified ovarian grafts. Caspase 3 and c-Myc messenger RNA did not differ significantly in the 4 groups after vitrification but was significantly upregulated in the control group after transplantation. The AMH levels and primordial follicle pool were significantly higher in the S1P-treated groups than in the control group but lower than that in the fresh group. The S1P protects vitrified ovarian grafts from ischemic reperfusion injury rather than from vitrification-associated process.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Chieh
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Chii-Ruey
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Tzeng
authors.forename: Chia-Woei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Shun-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Chi-Huang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation*; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D058989:Vitrification / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D008246:Lysophospholipids; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D013110:Sphingosine
keywords: anti-Müllerian hormone; apoptosis; sphingosine-1-phosphate; vitrification