title: Modeling the evolution of C4 photosynthesis.
abstract: The prediction and verification of adaptive trajectories on macroevolutionary timescales have rarely been achieved for complex biological systems. Employing a model linking biological information at multiple scales, Heckmann et al. simulate likely sequences of evolutionary changes from C3 to C4 photosynthesis biochemistry.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Karlyn D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Beer
authors.forename: Mónica V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Orellana
authors.forename: Nitin S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Baliga
mesh_terms: D005075:Biological Evolution; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics*