title: [Use of molecular typing tools for the study of hospital outbreaks of candidemia].
abstract: Candidemia is an infectious complication mainly affecting hospitalized patients, particularly those admitted to intensive care units. Patient mortality can reach up to 40%. Candidemia is typically nosocomially-acquired, and horizontal transmission of Candida spp. can lead to the presence of outbreaks of candidemia. Genotyping of isolates of Candida causing candidemia can help us to understand the source of the infection, detect the hospital wards with active Candida spp. transmission and, consequently, improve the prevention of the infection. Several genotyping tools have been used for the molecular characterization of Candida isolates involved in outbreaks of candidemia. Genotyping procedures based on microsatellites are reproducible and show a high discriminatory power. Microsatellites are recommended for the study of outbreaks of candidemia. In most hospital outbreaks of candidemia, patients admitted to intensive care units are involved, mostly neonatal patients. The role of genotyping Candida isolates causing candidemia for the study of nosocomial outbreaks of candidemia is reviewed, as well as the patients more commonly affected by epidemic strains.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Laura Judith
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Marcos-Zambrano
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES CD06/06/0058), Palma de Mallorca, España.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Escribano
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES CD06/06/0058), Palma de Mallorca, España; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bouza
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES CD06/06/0058), Palma de Mallorca, España; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España. Electronic address: jguineaortega@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guinea
mesh_terms: D018988:Bacterial Translocation; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D058387:Candidemia / Q000382:microbiology*; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004586:Electrophoresis; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D007621:Karyotyping; D058889:Molecular Typing / Q000379:methods*; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins
keywords: Brotes hospitalarios; Candida; Candidemia; Caracterización molecular; Genotipado; Genotyping; Hospital outbreaks; Microsatellites; Microsatélites; Molecular characterization; Molecular typing; Tipificación molecular