title: Monitoring of biogenic amines in cheeses manufactured at small-scale farms and in fermented dairy products in the Czech Republic.
abstract: The aim of the study was the monitoring of six biogenic amines (histamine, tyramine, phenylethylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, and cadaverine) and two polyamines (spermidine and spermine) in 112 samples of dairy products purchased in the Czech Republic, namely in 55 cheeses made in small-scale farms and in 57 fermented dairy products. The products were tested at the end of their shelf-life period. Neither tryptamine nor phenylethylamine was detected in the monitored samples; histamine was found only in four cheese samples containing up to 25mg/kg. The contents of spermine and spermidine were low and did not exceed the values of 35 mg/kg. Significant amounts of tyramine, putrescine, and cadaverine occurred especially in cheeses produced from ewe's milk or in long-term ripened cheeses. In about 10% of the tested cheeses, the total concentration of all the monitored biogenic amines and polyamines exceeded the level of 200mg/kg, which can be considered toxicologically significant. In fermented dairy products, the tested biogenic amines occurred in relatively low amounts (generally up to 30 mg/kg) that are regarded safe for the consumer's health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T.G. Masaryka 275, 76272 Zlín, Czech Republic. bunkova@ft.utb.cz
authors.forename: Leona
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buňková
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adamcová
authors.forename: Kateřina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hudcová
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Velichová
authors.forename: Vendula
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pachlová
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lorencová
authors.forename: František
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Buňka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D003257:Consumer Product Safety / Q000592:standards; D018153:Czech Republic; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D064088:Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines