title: A multilevel perspective on gender differences in the relationship between poverty status and depression among older adults in the United States.
abstract: Despite a large body of literature on depression, previous studies have focused on either intra- or interpersonal factors but not multilevel influences, which potentially could buffer depression in late life. The intent of this study was to identify whether the impact of poverty might be moderated by multilevel factors such as sense of control, social support, and neighborhood environment. The results showed that the elderly poor, especially older women, were more likely to be depressed. Support from friends significantly moderated the association between depression and poverty among older women. Implications for critical feminist gerontology and for practice are discussed.
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work and Administrative Studies, Marywood University, Scranton, PA 18509, USA. jkim@marywood.edu
authors.forename: Jinhyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Byunghyun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Mijin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D011203:Poverty / Q000523:psychology*; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D012944:Social Support; D014481:United States