title: Cholera outbreak in far-western region of Nepal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There was an outbreak of diarrheal diseases in districts of far-western region of Nepal in late-2009 followed by massive outbreak in Jajarkot district of mid-western region in early-2009. The objective of this study was to explore the causative organism and analyse the sensitivity pattern of the antibiotics in the local context to suggest the use of medicine in future diarrhea outbreak in Nepal.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive study was conducted from three districts of Far-western region (Achham, Baitadi and Doti) from middle of the April to September 2009 to observe the trend of morbidity.Similarly, 51 stool samples were taken from the patients for the laboratory analysis using Cary Blair Transport Media and carried out microbiological analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the total 51 stool samples tested, 27 were diagnosed as Vibrio cholerae. All the isolates were sensitive to commonly used antibiotics except Nalidixic acid and Cotrimoxazole. The highest number of cases was seen in the month of July-August.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cholera was found to be the most important cause for the occurrence of outbreak in far-western region in 2009. The commonly used antibiotics can be prescribed along with the appropriate rehydration measures.
authors.affiliation: Nepal Public Health Foundation, Kathmandu, Nepal. gpbhandari@gmail. com
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Bhandari
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Bhusal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002771:Cholera / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D012621:Seasons; D014734:Vibrio cholerae; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents