title: Identification of periodontitis associated changes in the proteome of whole human saliva by mass spectrometric analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interest in human saliva proteomics for disease-specific biomarker screening increased in the last decade. We used whole saliva samples from periodontally healthy and diseased subjects with chronic periodontitis to screen for disease-associated differences in the protein pattern.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected 20 periodontally healthy and 20 periodontally diseased subjects from the population-based cross-sectional Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-2 and SHIP-Trend). Saliva collection was performed with commercially available Salivette(®) (Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany). Whole saliva proteins were analysed after trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation and proteolytic digestion with trypsin by LC-MS/MS. MS-data were analysed and quantified using the Rosetta Elucidator software package.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In whole saliva we identified 344 human protein groups across all samples. For label free quantitation we only considered 152 proteins identified with more than one unique peptide. In total, 20 proteins showed 1.5-fold difference in abundance between controls and patients (p < 0.05); the majority of these proteins showed higher abundance in the periodontally diseased subjects. Functional annotation of proteins linked the periodontally diseased status with acute phase response and inflammatory processes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Label free proteomic analysis of whole saliva is a powerful tool to characterize the periodontal disease status and differentiate between healthy and periodontally diseased subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. manuela.gesell@uni-greifswald.de
authors.forename: Manuela Gesell
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jehmlich
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murr
authors.forename: Vishnu M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Dhople
authors.forename: Birte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holtfreter
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hammer
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Völker
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kocher
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D023082:Defensins / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000378:metabolism; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000378:metabolism; D011159:Population Surveillance; D017510:Protein Folding; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D012907:Smoking; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D023082:Defensins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D009418:S100 Proteins; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; C556637:neutrophil defensin hNP2, human; C026742:plastin
keywords: LC-MS/MS; label free quantitation; periodontitis; protein candidates; whole saliva proteomics