title: How people with multiple sclerosis rate their quality of life: an EQ-5D survey via the UK MS register.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The EQ-5D is a widely-used, standardised, quality of life measure producing health profiles, indices and states. The aims of this study were to assess the role of various factors in how people with Multiple Sclerosis rate their quality of life, based on responses to the EQ-5D received via the web portal of the UK MS Register.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 4516 responses to the EQ-5D (between May 2011 and April 2012) were collated with basic demographic and descriptive MS data and the resulting dataset was analysed in SPSS (v.20).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean health state for people with MS was 59.73 (SD 22.4, median 61), compared to the UK population mean of 82.48 (which is approximately 1SD above the cohort mean). The characteristics of respondents with high health states (at or above +1SD) were: better health profiles (most predictive dimension: Usual Activities), higher health indices, younger age, shorter durations of MS, female gender, relapsing-remitting MS, higher educational attainment and being in paid employment (all p-values<0.001). Conversely, the characteristics of respondents with low health states (at or below -1SD) were: poorer health profiles (most predictive dimension: Mobility), lower health indices, older age, longer durations of MS, male gender, progressive MS, lower educational attainment and having an employment status of sick/disabled (p = 0.0014 for age, all other p-values<0.001). Particular living arrangements were not associated with either the high or low health status groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This large-scale study has enabled in-depth analyses on how people with MS rate their quality of life, and it provides new knowledge on the various factors that contribute to their self-assessed health status. These findings demonstrate the impact of MS on quality of life, and they can be used to inform care provision and further research, to work towards enhancing the quality of life of people with MS.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom. k.h.jones@swansea.ac.uk
authors.forename: Kerina H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: David V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Philip A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Rodden M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: Hazel
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lockhart-Jones
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: J Gareth
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Noble
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011788:Quality of Life