title: IGFBP2 is a biomarker for predicting longitudinal deterioration in renal function in type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Insulin-like growth factors are implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy. IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) and IGF2 are expressed in the kidney, but their associations with diabetic nephropathy are unclear. We therefore tested the hypothesis that circulating levels of IGF2 and IGFBP2 predict longitudinal renal function in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  IGFBP2 and IGF2 measurements were performed in 436 individuals (263 males) with type 2 diabetes. Linear mixed-effect regression analysis was used to model the relationship between plasma IGFBP2 concentration and longitudinal changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over an 8-year period. Analyses were also performed for IGF1, IGF2, IGFBP1 and IGFBP3 concentrations as predictors of longitudinal renal outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High IGFBP2 concentration at baseline was associated with a decreased eGFR over an 8-year period (β=-0.02, (95% confidence interval -0.03 to -0.01), P<0.001). High IGFBP1, IGFBP2 and IGFBP3 were also associated with low baseline eGFR concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that IGFBP2 is a predictor of longitudinal deterioration of renal function in type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Research Group The University of Manchester Manchester, M13 9PT UK.
authors.forename: Ram P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Adrian H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Heald
authors.forename: Kirk W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Siddals
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: Julie E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.forename: Antony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Payton
authors.forename: Simon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: William E R
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Ollier
authors.forename: J Martin
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gibson
keywords: IGFBP2; longitudinal trends; real-world data; renal function