title: Doping of fullerenes via anion-induced electron transfer and its implication for surfactant facilitated high performance polymer solar cells.
abstract: Simple and solution-processible tetrabutyl-ammonium salts (TBAX) can dope fullerene and its derivatives to achieve conductive thin films (σ as high as 0.56 S/m). The electron transfer between the anions of TBAXs and n-type semiconductors induces doping without encountering any harsh activation. These provide valid support for the surfactant interfacial doping of fullerene in polymer solar cells for enhanced device performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Chang-Zhi
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chu-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chueh
authors.forename: Feizhi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Hin-Lap
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: Po-Wei
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xiaosong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Alex K-Y
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Jen
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D000838:Anions / Q000737:chemistry; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012666:Semiconductors; D012993:Solar Energy; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D000838:Anions; D037741:Fullerenes; D013501:Surface-Active Agents
keywords: conductivity; interfacial material; n-doping; organic electronics; tetrabutyl ammonium anions