title: Egg consumption and insulin metabolism in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between egg consumption and measures of insulin sensitivity (SI), acute insulin response (AIR) and metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Egg consumption, categorized as <1/week, 1 to <3/week, 3 to <5/week and ≥5/week, was measured using a validated FFQ. SI, AIR and MCRI were determined from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-diabetic participants (n 949) in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Egg consumption was inversely associated with SI and MCRI, and positively associated with fasting insulin in regression models adjusted for demographic, socio-economic, lifestyle and dietary factors (β = -0·22, 95 % CI -0·38, -0·045, P = 0·05 for SI; β = -0·20, 95 % CI -0·34, -0·055, P = 0·005 for MCRI; β = 0·35, 95 % CI 0·15, 0·54, P = 0·002 for fasting insulin; all P values for linear trend). These associations remained significant after additionally adjusting for energy intake or dietary saturated fat, although dietary cholesterol and BMI attenuated these associations to non-significance. Egg consumption was not associated with AIR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary cholesterol and BMI appear to mediate the inverse association of egg consumption with insulin sensitivity and clearance. Alternatively, egg consumption may be clustered with other dietary behaviours which increase BMI, hence negatively impacting on insulin sensitivity and clearance.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Nutritional Sciences,University of Toronto,FitzGerald Building,150 College Street Room 341,Toronto,ON M5S 3E2,Canada.
authors.forename: Chee-Tin Christine
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,University of South Carolina,Columbia,SC,USA.
authors.forename: Angela D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Liese
authors.affiliation: 3Division of Clinical Epidemiology,University of Texas Health Science Centre,San Antonio,TX,USA.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: 4Division of Public Health Sciences,Wake Forest School of Medicine,Winston-Salem,NC,USA.
authors.forename: Lynne E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wagenknecht
authors.affiliation: 5Department of Medicine,Baylor College of Medicine,Houston,TX,USA.
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Haffner
authors.affiliation: 6Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes,University of Colorado School of Medicine,Aurora,CO,USA.
authors.forename: Marian J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rewers
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Nutritional Sciences,University of Toronto,FitzGerald Building,150 College Street Room 341,Toronto,ON M5S 3E2,Canada.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hanley
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004531:Eggs; D005215:Fasting; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D007328:Insulin