title: Two pore channel 2 differentially modulates neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells.
abstract: Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is an endogenous Ca(2+) mobilizing nucleotide presented in various species. NAADP mobilizes Ca(2+) from acidic organelles through two pore channel 2 (TPC2) in many cell types and it has been previously shown that NAADP can potently induce neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells. Here we examined the role of TPC2 signaling in the neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. We found that the expression of TPC2 was markedly decreased during the initial ES cell entry into neural progenitors, and the levels of TPC2 gradually rebounded during the late stages of neurogenesis. Correspondingly, TPC2 knockdown accelerated mouse ES cell differentiation into neural progenitors but inhibited these neural progenitors from committing to neurons. Overexpression of TPC2, on the other hand, inhibited mouse ES cell from entering the early neural lineage. Interestingly, TPC2 knockdown had no effect on the differentiation of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes of mouse ES cells. Taken together, our data indicate that TPC2 signaling plays a temporal and differential role in modulating the neural lineage entry of mouse ES cells, in that TPC2 signaling inhibits ES cell entry to early neural progenitors, but is required for late neuronal differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Zhe-Hao
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jianbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yue
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009249:NADP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; C546785:TPCN2 protein, mouse; D009249:NADP; C024376:NAADP; D002118:Calcium