title: Structural characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a novel protein-bound polysaccharide produced by Hirsutella sinensis Liu, Guo, Yu & Zeng.
abstract: HS002-II, a novel protein-bound polysaccharide with 44kDa molecular weight, was fractionated from submerged cultures of Hirsutella sinensis Liu, Guo, Yu & Zeng by DEAE-Sepharose and Sephacryl S200 chromatography. Based on the results of infrared spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography, methylation, amino acid analysis, NMR spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, the polysaccharide moieties of HS002-II mainly contained a long backbone of (1→3)-linked α-d-ribofuranosyl units (1→4)-linked α-d-xylopyranosyl units and (1→4)-linked β-d-glucopyranosyl units, which was substituted at C-6. The two branches were β-d-mannopyranosyl residues and β-d-galactopyranosyl residues terminated with α-l-arabinopyranosyl residues, respectively. HS002-II consisted of 57.9% polysaccharide and 42.1% protein with the existence of N-type carbohydrate-protein linkage. In terms of the pro-inflammatory cytokines assay (NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-κB) using murine macrophages cell line (RAW264.7), HS002-II exhibited significant immunomodulatory activity by stimulating the IκB-NF-κB pathway.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Junwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yanbin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Weiqi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xingguo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Ziyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000737:chemistry*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011506:Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha