title: A lectin microarray study of glycoantigens in neonatal porcine islet-like cell clusters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Besides α-Gal expression, the differences of glycosylation and antigenicity between adult pig islets (APIs) and neonatal porcine islet-like cell clusters (NPCCs) are altogether unclear. In this study, lectin microarray analyses of NPCCs were performed and the results compared with the corresponding values for wild-type APIs and NPCCs from α-Gal transferase knockout (GalT-KO) pig.
  
  
  METHODS
  NPCCs were isolated from 1-3-d-old neonatal wild-type pigs and cultured for 1 d, 5 d, and 9 d, using a previously described technique. Alternatively, the isoration of APIs were isolated based on the method for human islets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a comparison between NPCCs and APIs, all of the NPCCs showed higher signals for Sambucus nigra, Sambucus sieboldiana, and Trichosanthes japonica I and the binding of α2,6 sialc acid, whereas the APIs showed stronger signals for Lotus tetragonolobus, Aleuria aurantia, Narcissus pseudonarcissus, and Galanthus nivalis, suggesting that APIs contain high levels of high-mannose forms. Among the NPCCs, NPCC (day1) appeared to be richer than the others in Lotus tetragonolobus, Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Galanthus nivalis, and Urtica dioica, implying the presence of high-mannose forms. However, as a whole, the signals for many lectins for NPCCs were very similar. The NPCCs from a GalT-KO pig indicated not only the downregulation of α-Gal expression but α-GalNAc as well, and α2-6 sialic acid was upregulated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results reported herein contain useful information for the future production of immunomodified pigs with less antigenicity than GalT-KO pigs toward clinical applications of NPCCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Takehisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Shino
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakatsu
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: Shunsaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeishi
authors.forename: Teru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okitsu
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagashima
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyagawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D005700:Galactosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine / Q000235:genetics; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D037121:Plant Lectins; D005700:Galactosyltransferases