title: Primary lymphomas of the prostate: two case reports and a review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a common disease, but primary lymphoma of the prostate is rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here we present two cases of primary NHL of the prostate and a review of the relevant literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both of them had no abnormal lymph node or hepatolienal enlargement. The first case underwent prostatic biopsy which indicated that it was NHL. The patient underwent combination chemotherapy three times, then a radical cystoprostatectomy. In the second case, the prostatic biopsy was not helpful for diagnosis. Therefore a radical prostatectomy was performed before the proper chemotherapy been given. He died half a year later because of a cerebrovascular accident.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We think it is difficult to get an accurate early diagnosis when the lymphoma occurs only in the prostate. Even the prostatic biopsy could not provide clear evidence. Early and appropriate treatment can extend the survival time and improve the quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, HangZhou City, ZheJiang Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Chaojun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: diagnosis; needle biopsy; non-Hodgkin lymphoma; prostatic neoplasms