title: Subgroup J avian leukosis virus infection inhibits autophagy in DF-1 cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) infection can induce tumor-related diseases in chickens. Previous studies by our laboratory demonstrated that ALV-J infection of DF-1 cells resulted in altered activity and phosphorylation of AKT. However, little is known about the subsequent activation of host DF-1 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the current study, autophagy inhibition was observed for ALV-J infected DF-1 cells. Our data showed that the autophagosome protein, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II), was reduced considerably in DF-1 cells infected with active ALV-J, while no change was observed for cells infected with inactivated ALV-J. Autophagy inhibition was also confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Interestingly, when autophagy was promoted by rapamycin, the titers of ALV-J replication were decreased, and the replication level of ALV-J was significantly enhanced when atg5 (autophagy-related gene 5) was knocked out.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that ALV-J infection could down-regulate autophagy in DF-1 cells during viral replication. This study is the first to report on the relationship between ALV-J infection and autophagy in DF-1 cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Weisheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Yuhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Xiaochan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Kangzhen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D001354:Avian Leukosis Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins