title: [Officer in charge, that unknown being - an explorative, qualitative study of unconscious fears, wishes, and defense mechanisms].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The stress and coping strategies found among emergency relief personnel have been studied in detail but without considering their function in the team. However, specifically officers in charge have to be addressed and investigated separately. This study focuses on the unconscious desires, fears, and defense mechanisms present in order to improve our understanding of the stress experienced during operations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four officers in charge were interviewed concerning their stressful experiences during operations. These interviews were then coded and analysed using the JAKOB Narrative Analysis ("Klinische Erzählanalyse JAKOB", Boothe et al. 2002).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The recorded unconscious desires included solidarity, phallic integrity, generativity, unconscious fears destruction, loss of power/influence, and social hostility, and as defense strategies rationalism, repression/denial, and idealization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The analysis of the interviews shows a high reliability between the raters (0.74-0.79). The greatest burden for officers in charge is a loss of safety. Especially being confronted with strains in their own team leads to stress, which shows that the methods used for stress management following critical incidents is not sufficient.
authors.affiliation: Universitätklinik für Medizinsche Psychologie, Medizinsche Universität Innsbruck. thomas.beck@uki.at
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumnig
authors.forename: Margit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Breuss
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mitmansgruber
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schusser
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Andreatta
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mader
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schüßler
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D060731:Emergency Responders / Q000523:psychology*; D005239:Fear; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011574:Psychoanalytic Theory; D011594:Psychometrics; D012066:Relief Work; D014473:Unconscious, Psychology; D014836:Volition