title: Influence of trans fat and omega-3 on the preference of psychostimulant drugs in the first generation of young rats.
abstract: The current Western diet often provides considerable amounts of saturated and trans fatty acids (TFA), whose incorporation into neuronal membranes has been implicated in changes of brain neurochemical functions. Such influence has caused concerns due to precipitation of neuropsychiatric disorders, whose data are still unclear. Here we evaluated the influence of different fats on preference parameters for amphetamine (AMPH): adolescent rats were orally supplemented with soybean oil (SO, rich in n-6 FA, which was considered an isocaloric control group), fish oil (FO, rich in n-3 FA) and hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF, rich in saturated and trans FA) from weaning, which were born of dams supplemented with the same fat from pregnancy and lactation. AMPH preference, anxiety-like symptoms and locomotor index were evaluated in conditioned place preference (CPP), elevated plus maze (EPM) and open-field (OF), respectively, while brain oxidative status was determined in cortex, striatum and hippocampus. HVF increased AMPH-CPP and was associated with withdrawal signs, as observed by increased anxiety-like symptoms. Moreover, SO and FO were not associated with AMPH preference, but only FO-supplemented rats did not show any anxiety-like symptoms or increased locomotion. FO supplementation was related to lower oxidative damages to proteins and increased CAT activity in striatum and hippocampus, as well as increased GSH levels in blood, while HVF was related to increased oxidative status. In conclusion, our study showed the harmful influence of TFA on AMPH-CPP and drug craving symptoms, which can be related to dopaminergic neurotransmission.
authors.affiliation: Programa de pós Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria-UFSM, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roversi
authors.forename: Caren T D
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Antoniazzi
authors.forename: Camila S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pase
authors.forename: Fabíola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trevizol
authors.forename: Raquel C S
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Barcelos
authors.forename: Verônica T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Katiane
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roversi
authors.forename: Nardeli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boufleur
authors.forename: Dalila M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Benvegnú
authors.forename: Jaqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piccolo
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emanuelli
authors.forename: Marilise E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bürger
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003214:Conditioning, Classical; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids; D000661:Amphetamine
keywords: AA; ADHD; AMPH; Addiction; Amphetamine; COX-2; CPP; DA; DHA; Drugs abuse; EFA; EPA; EPM; FA; FO; HVF; LA; LC-PUFA; NE; OF; Omega-3; PUFA; SO; TFA; Trans fatty acid; amphetamine; arachidonic acid; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; conditioned place preference; cyclooxygenase-2; docosahexaenoic acid; dopamine; eicosapentaenoic acid; elevated plus maze; essential fatty acids; fatty acids; fish oil; hydrogenated vegetable fat; linoleic acid; long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids; norepinephrine; open field; polyunsaturated fatty acids; soybean oil; trans fatty acids