title: Left ventricular twist in left ventricular noncompaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Left ventricular (LV) twist is an important component of systolic function. The effect of abnormal LV twist on adverse remodelling of the heart in left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is unknown. This study used speckle-tracking echocardiography to evaluate LV twist in patients with LVNC and determine whether abnormal LV twist is associated with more adverse LV remodelling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical, echocardiographic, and myocardial deformation characteristics were prospectively compared between 60 subjects diagnosed with LVNC and 59 age-matched healthy controls. Net instantaneous twist was defined as: peak apical rotation minus isochronous basal rotation. Normal rotation during systole was defined based on the 2010 ASE/EAE consensus document. Rigid body rotation (RBR) was determined present if the apex and base moved in the same direction during ejection. Rigid body rotation was found in 32 (53.3%) subjects with LVNC. The 28 subjects with LVNC and normal LV rotation had diminished apical rotation, basal rotation, and net twist compared with normal controls (P < 0.0001). Patients with LVNC and RBR had worse NYHA functional status (P < 0.0001), but similar echocardiographic indices of remodelling, ejection fraction, and strain parameters as those with LVNC and normal LV rotation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Left ventricular twist is diminished in subjects with LVNC and normal LV rotation. Rigid body rotation occurs in 53.3% of subjects with LVNC and is not associated with more adverse remodelling than subjects with LVNC and normal LV rotation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Ferande
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Bijoy K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Khandheria
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Libhaber
authors.forename: Nirvarthi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maharaj
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: Hiral
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matioda
authors.forename: Mohammed R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Essop
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012399:Rotation; D013599:Systole; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Left ventricular noncompaction; Rigid body rotation; Twist