title: Comparison of essential drug list in a rural secondary care hospital in south India with Indian & World Health Organization list 2011.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fixed drug combinations are a major marketing strategy in India but it can compromise the rational use of medicines. In this study we compared the fixed drug combinations and dosage forms in the hospital pharmacy before and after introducing the essential drug list. We also compared the Hospital Essential Drug List (HEDL) 2011 with the World Health Organization (WHO) Essential Drug List (EDL) 2011 and the National Essential Drug List of India (NEDL) 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was done in a secondary level care charity hospital at Anantapur, AP with a bed size of 315 and an average OP per day of 1200-1700 visits. We compared the three essential drug lists (HEDL, WHOEDL and NEDL) and the hospital drug list before introducing EDL. Drugs which were present in NEDL and not present in the HEDL were also screened. Microsoft excel was used to tabulate the results and for graphs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of medicines used in the hospital before and after the introduction of the HEDL was 1627 and 424 respectively. On comparison, WHOEDL 2011 have 350 and NEDL of India have 348 medicines. While preparing the HEDL, 46 double drug combinations decreased to 15 and 9 triple drug combinations decreased to 1. In the case of injections, 20 double drug combinations decreased to 6 and 1 triple drug combination increased to 2. The number of tablets, capsules, injections, syrups, powders and inhalers was reduced to almost half. The great reductions were in 51 ointments to 9, 69 drops to 5, 11 paste to 0, 21 solutions to 3 and 14 creams to 1. The dosage forms removed included elixirs, insulin pens, gums, paste, paints, gargles and mouthwashes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was drastic reduction in the number of medicines and dosage forms when the HEDL was implemented. Many of the fixed drug combinations were also removed for improving the rational use of medicines. The WHO essential drug list 2011, national essential drug list of India 2011 and the hospital essential drug list 2011 were comparable with few exceptions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (RIPER), Anantapur, A.P.
authors.forename: Seetharama G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Dixon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Seeba
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zachariah
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kannan
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Uria
mesh_terms: D018954:Drugs, Essential; D006780:Hospitals, Rural; D007194:India; D063127:Secondary Health Care; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D018954:Drugs, Essential