title: Using NanoDot dosimetry to study the RS 2000 X-ray biological irradiator.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To use NanoDot dosimeters to study the RS 2000 X-ray Biological Irradiator dosimetry characteristics and perform in vivo dosimetry for cell or small animal experiments.
  
  
  METHODS
  We first calibrated the Landauer NanoDot(™) Reader by irradiating some NanoDot dosimeters with a set of known doses at specific positions defined by the irradiator. A group of five NanoDot dosimeters were placed at five specific positions where the dose rates were known and provided by the irradiator. Each group was irradiated for a set of times respectively. By correlating the readings of dosimeters with the given irradiated doses, we established the dose-reading relationship for the irradiator under the specific running condition. The established calibration curve was validated by exposing arbitrary known doses to a set of dosimeters, using the Landauer NanoDot(™) Reader to measure the doses, and then making the comparison between the two doses. To study the dose gradient of the X-ray inside the irradiated target (dose variation/cm), we placed dosimeters under different thicknesses of water-equivalent bolus and irradiated them, then measured the doses to determine the dose gradient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the method described above, we were able to calibrate the Landauer InLight NanoDot(™) Reader and use NanoDot dosimeters to measure the actual doses delivered to the targets for the cell/small animal experiments that use the RS 2000 X-ray Biological Irradiator.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NanoDots are ideal dosimeters to use for in vivo dosimetry for cell/small animal irradiation experiments. The dose decrease inside the animal tissue is about 20% per cm.
authors.affiliation: Wexner Medical Center, The Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio , USA.
authors.forename: Lanchun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bondra
authors.forename: Nilendu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sommerfeld
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chronowski
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leasure
authors.forename: Mamata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Christopher E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Pelloski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D004867:Equipment Design; D007477:Ions; D051379:Mice; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D007477:Ions