title: Apocrine carcinoma of the breast: a comprehensive review.
abstract: Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a rare, special type of breast carcinoma showing distinct morphologic, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic features. Apocrine epithelium has a characteristic steroid receptor profile that is estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor negative and androgen receptor positive. This combination of morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics is essential for the proper recognition of the apocrine carcinomas. Strictly defined, apocrine carcinomas express either Her-2/neu or EGFR, which along with androgen receptor positivity make patients with the apocrine carcinoma eligible for targeted therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Semir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vranic
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sapino
authors.forename: Jose Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Zoran
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gatalica
mesh_terms: D001050:Apocrine Glands / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans