title: [Ionotropic receptors of acetylcholine and ATP: the mechanisms of inhibition].
abstract: In this review two kinds of receptors connected with ionic channels are analyzed. First kind is the receptor whose channel can be open with acetylcholine; they a named ionotropic cholinoreceptors (AChRn). The second kind is the receptor whose channel can be open with extracellular ATP. They a named ionotropic purinoreceptors and are designated P2X. Mathematical modelling of the kinetics of interactions with agonists and inhibitors of cholinergic and purine receptors has shown that each of the investigated mechanisms of inhibition of postsynaptic currents (competitive block, channel block, allosteric modulation and acceleration of desensitization) has different influence on the basic characteristics of postsynaptic currents. For unambiguous classification of inhibitory substances according to the molecular mechanisms of their action it is necessary to consider: a trend and size of change under inhibitory action of a decay time constant of the agonist-induced currents; dependence of development of changes and of speed of washing out of substance's effect from duration of its action, from number of activations of receptors and its frequency.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Skorinkin
mesh_terms: D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D000818:Animals; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D058446:Ligand-Gated Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D011487:Protein Conformation; D058911:Purinergic P2X Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D058920:Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000378:metabolism*; D058469:Receptors, Purinergic P2X / Q000378:metabolism*; D055366:Synaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D007473:Ion Channels; D058446:Ligand-Gated Ion Channels; D058911:Purinergic P2X Receptor Agonists; D058920:Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D058469:Receptors, Purinergic P2X