title: Translational potential into health care of basic genomic and genetic findings for human immunodeficiency virus, Chlamydia trachomatis, and human papilloma virus.
abstract: Individual variations in susceptibility to an infection as well as in the clinical course of the infection can be explained by pathogen related factors, environmental factors, and host genetic differences. In this paper we review the state-of-the-art basic host genomic and genetic findings' translational potential of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) into applications in public health, especially in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of complications of these infectious diseases. There is a significant amount of knowledge about genetic variants having a positive or negative influence on the course and outcome of HIV infection. In the field of Chlamydia trachomatis, genomic advances hold the promise of a more accurate subfertility prediction test based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In HPV research, recent developments in early diagnosis of infection-induced cervical cancer are based on methylation tests. Indeed, triage based on methylation markers might be a step forward in a more effective stratification of women at risk for cervical cancer. Our review found an imbalance between the number of host genetic variants with a role in modulating the immune response and the number of practical genomic applications developed thanks to this knowledge.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malogajski
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brankovic
authors.forename: Stephan P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Verweij
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ambrosino
authors.forename: Michiel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Agtmael
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: Sander
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ouburg
authors.forename: Servaas A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Morré
mesh_terms: D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000235:genetics*; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D005260:Female; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D006678:HIV / Q000235:genetics*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology