title: Comparative analysis of the alveolar macrophage proteome in ALI/ARDS patients between the exudative phase and recovery phase.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite decades of extensive studies, the morbidity and mortality for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) remained high. Particularly, biomarkers essential for its early diagnosis and prognosis are lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recent studies suggest that alveolar macrophages (AMs) at the exudative phase of ALI/ARDS initiate, amplify and perpetuate inflammatory responses, while they resolve inflammation in the recovery phase to prevent further tissue injury and perpetuated inflammation in the lung. Therefore, proteins relevant to this functional switch could be valuable biomarkers for ALI/ARDS diagnosis and prognosis. We thus conducted comparative analysis of the AM proteome to assess its dynamic proteomic changes during ALI/ARDS progression and recovery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  135 proteins were characterized to be differentially expressed between AMs at the exudative and recovery phase. MALDI-TOF-MS and peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) analysis characterized 27 informative proteins, in which 17 proteins were found with a marked increase at the recovery phase, while the rest of 10 proteins were manifested by the significantly higher levels of expression at the exudative phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given the role of above identified proteins played in the regulation of inflammatory responses, cell skeleton organization, oxidative stress, apoptosis and metabolism, they have the potential to serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis in the setting of patients with ALI/ARDS.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Diabetes Center, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
authors.forename: Haiyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Jinxiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Youdi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Guyi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhiguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Cong-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D020543:Proteome / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome