title: Fermented milk improves glucose metabolism in exercise-induced muscle damage in young healthy men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study investigated the effect of fermented milk supplementation on glucose metabolism associated with muscle damage after acute exercise in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen healthy young men participated in each of the three trials of the study: rest, exercise with placebo, and exercise with fermented milk. In the exercise trials, subjects carried out resistance exercise consisting of five sets of leg and bench presses at 70-100% 12 repetition maximum. Examination beverage (fermented milk or placebo) was taken before and after exercise in double-blind method. On the following day, we conducted an analysis of respiratory metabolic performance, blood collection, and evaluation of muscle soreness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Muscle soreness was significantly suppressed by the consumption of fermented milk compared with placebo (placebo, 14.2 ± 1.2 score vs. fermented milk, 12.6 ± 1.1 score, p < 0.05). Serum creatine phosphokinase was significantly increased by exercise, but this increase showed a tendency of suppression after the consumption of fermented milk. Exercise significantly decreased the respiratory quotient (rest, 0.88 ± 0.01 vs. placebo, 0.84 ± 0.02, p < 0.05), although this decrease was negated by the consumption of fermented milk (0.88 ± 0.01, p < 0.05). Furthermore, exercise significantly reduced the absorption capacity of serum oxygen radical (rest, 6.9 ± 0.4 μmol TE/g vs. placebo, 6.0 ± 0.3 μmol TE/g, p < 0.05), although this reduction was not observed with the consumption of fermented milk (6.2 ± 0.3 μmol TE/g).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that fermented milk supplementation improves glucose metabolism and alleviates the effects of muscle soreness after high-intensity exercise, possibly associated with the regulation of antioxidant capacity.
authors.forename: Masayo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasa
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Aoi
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mune
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Shota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Kiyomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Sayori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Akane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Higashi
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D003611:Dairy Products; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005285:Fermentation; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D052198:Lactobacillus helveticus; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019344:Lactic Acid; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003402:Creatine Kinase