title: Pycnogenol® in chronic venous insufficiency and related venous disorders.
abstract: The present review provides an update of the biological profile of Pycnogenol in the light of its use in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and related venous disorders such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), post-thrombotic syndrome, long haul air-travel-related leg oedema, venous ulcers and acute haemorrhoids. Pycnogenol is a French maritime pine bark extract produced from the outer bark of Pinus pinaster Ait. subsp. atlantica. Its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasodilator activities, antithrombotic effects and collagen stabilizing properties make it uniquely able to target the multi facet pathophysiology of CVI and related venous disorders. Clinical studies have shown that it can reduce oedema of the legs in CVI, reduce the incidence of deep venous thrombosis during long haul flights and enhance the healing of venous ulcers and haemorrhoidal episodes by topical application and/or oral administration. This review highlights clinical research findings on the safety, compliance and efficacy of Pycnogenol, including its use in combination products.
authors.affiliation: Horphag Research, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Om P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Gulati
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054070:Postthrombotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D014647:Varicose Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C024070:pycnogenols
keywords: Pycnogenol; chronic venous insufficiency; deep vein thrombosis; food supplement; haemorrhoids; long-haul air travel; nutraceutical; post-thrombotic syndrome; venous health; venous ulcers