title: Myelin-specific proteins: a structurally diverse group of membrane-interacting molecules.
abstract: The myelin sheath is a multilayered membrane in the nervous system, which has unique biochemical properties. Myelin carries a set of specific high-abundance proteins, the structure and function of which are still poorly understood. The proteins of the myelin sheath are involved in a number of neurological diseases, including autoimmune diseases and inherited neuropathies. In this review, we briefly discuss the structural properties and functions of selected myelin-specific proteins (P0, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, myelin-associated glycoprotein, myelin basic protein, myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein, P2, proteolipid protein, peripheral myelin protein of 22 kDa, 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase, and periaxin); such properties include, for example, interactions with lipid bilayers and the presence of large intrinsically disordered regions in some myelin proteins. A detailed understanding of myelin protein structure and function at the molecular level will be required to fully grasp their physiological roles in the myelin sheath.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Huijong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Myllykoski
authors.forename: Salla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruskamo
authors.forename: Chaozhan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Petri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kursula
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018991:Myelin Proteolipid Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C560487:MOBP protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D018991:Myelin Proteolipid Protein; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein