title: Grading adenoid utilizing flexible nasopharyngoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the possibility of adenoid size asymmetry in both nasal sides by nasopharyngoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective study involving 100 children, with age ranging between 1 and 12 years, performed in Saudi Arabia between January 2010 and December 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adenoid was examined and graded I-IV in relation to posterior choana bilaterally by flexible nasopharyngoscopy. The adenoid grade was compared with the other side in each child.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The findings from endoscopy were analyzed: there was a high degree of agreement in grading both sides, that was 92% with kappa=0.868. Moreover, there was grade asymmetry in 8% of the cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adenoid grading using flexible nasopharyngoscopy through one side of the nose may not represent the adenoid grade of the other side in all cases.
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology, H&N Surgery,, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ahmedalamma2hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ahmed Yousif
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Al-Ammar
authors.forename: Deena
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shebib
authors.forename: Manal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bokhari
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jomah
mesh_terms: D000234:Adenoids / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009305:Nasopharynx; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012529:Saudi Arabia