title: Chemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferation activities of pomegranate (Punica granatum) flowers.
abstract: The chemical composition, antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS assays), anti-inflammatory (5-LOX), and cytotoxic (MCF-7) activities from flowers of seven pomegranate varieties (Punica granatum) were investigated. The highest phenolics (330.9±11.3 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (dw)), flavonoids (29.5±0.8 mg quercetin equivalent/g dw), tannins (30.6±0.6 mg catechin equivalent/g dw), and anthocyanins (0.70±0.03 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/g dw) content were determined in the Chetoui (CH) variety. It was found that Garsi (GR) (IC₅₀=4.9±0.2 mg/L by ABTS assay) and Zaghwani (ZG) (IC₅₀=3.9±0.2 mg/L by ABTS assay) varieties exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. For the anti-inflammatory activity, all varieties were active; the ZH variety was the strongest (2.5±0.1 mg/L). The CH, ES, and RA pomegranate varieties were not active against human breast cancer cells MCF-7, whereas inhibition was more evident with extracts from ZH and GR varieties (IC₅₀=33.00±2.64 and 35.00±4.58 mg/L, respectively). Statistical analysis showed that the variety factor influenced significantly (P<.01) the chemical composition and biological activities of pomegranate flowers.
authors.affiliation: Mixed Research Unit-UMR 5623, National Center for Scientific Research-CNRS, Toulouse Institute of Chemistry, University of Toulouse, and Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Jalila
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bekir
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mars
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vicendo
authors.forename: Amira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fterrich
authors.forename: Jalloul
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bouajila
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D029561:Lythraceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts