title: Amniotic membrane extract ameliorates benzalkonium chloride-induced dry eye in a murine model.
abstract: Human amniotic membrane (AM) is avascular but contains various beneficial bioactive factors, its extract (AE) is also effective in treating many ocular surface disorders. In this study, we for the first time evaluated the therapeutic effects of AE on dry eye induced by benzalkonium chloride in a BALB/c mouse model. Topical application of AE (1.5 and 3 μg/eye/day) resulted in significantly longer tear break-up time on Day 3 and 6, lower fluorescein staining scores on Day 3, and lower inflammatory index on Day 6. AE reduced corneal epithelial K10 expression, inflammatory infiltration, and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in BAC treated mice than that in the control mice. Moreover, decreased TUNEL positive cells in cornea and increased goblet cells in conjunctiva were also observed in AE treated corneas. Finally, AE induced more Ki-67 positive cells in corneal epithelium of dry eye mouse. Taken together, our data provide further support for BAC induced dry eye model as a valuable for dry eye study and suggest a great potential for AE as a therapeutic agent in the clinical treatment of dry eye.
authors.affiliation: Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China; Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
authors.forename: Xinye
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Pingping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jingyao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yuxue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhirong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yueping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jianjiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zuguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000650:Amnion / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013666:Tears / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: amniotic membrane extract; anti-inflammation; benzalkonium chloride; dry eye; pathological change