title: Prenylated Flavonoids from Morus alba L. Cause Inhibition of G1/S Transition in THP-1 Human Leukemia Cells and Prevent the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response.
abstract: Morus alba L. (MA) is a natural source of many compounds with different biological effects. It has been described to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxicity of three flavonoids isolated from MA (kuwanon E, cudraflavone B, and 4'-O-methylkuwanon E) and to determine their effects on proliferation of THP-1 cells, and on cell cycle progression of cancer cells. Anti-inflammatory effects were also determined for all three given flavonoids. Methods used in the study included quantification of cells by hemocytometer and WST-1 assays, flow cytometry, western blotting, ELISA, and zymography. From the three compounds tested, cudraflavone B showed the strongest effects on cell cycle progression and viability of tumor and/or immortalized cells and also on inflammatory response of macrophage-like cells. Kuwanon E and 4'-O-methylkuwanon E exerted more sophisticated rather than direct toxic effect on used cell types. Our data indicate that mechanisms different from stress-related or apoptotic signaling pathways are involved in the action of these compounds. Although further studies are required to precisely define the mechanisms of MA flavonoid action in human cancer and macrophage-like cells, here we demonstrate their effects combining antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kollar
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bárta
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hošek
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Souček
authors.forename: Veronika Müller
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Závalová
authors.forename: Shushan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Artinian
authors.forename: Rabih
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Talhouk
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smejkal
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Suchý
authors.forename: Aleš
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hampl