title: Residues of ¹⁴C-ethion along the extraction and refining process of maize oil, and the bioavailability of bound residues in the cake for experimental animals.
abstract: Maize seeds obtained from ¹⁴C-ethion treated plants contained about 0.01 % of the originally applied radioactivity 1 month following the last pesticide application. Hexane and methanol extracts of the seeds accounted for 35 % and 22.5 % of the radioactive residues, respectively, with 40 % remaining in the seed cake. Commercial processing procedures resulted in a gradual decrease in the total amount of ¹⁴C-residues in oils with aged residues. The refined oil contained ¹⁴C-residues that amounted to about 30 % of the amount that was originally present. The major residues in processed oil are ethion monooxon, O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate and O,O-diethyl S-hydroxymethyl phosphorodithioate, in addition to one unknown compound. After feeding rats with the cake containing ethion bound residues, a substantial amount (71 %) of ¹⁴C-residues was eliminated in the urine, while about 12 % was excreted in the feces. About 5 % of the radioactive residues were distributed among various organs. The bound residue was quite readily bioavailable to the rats.
authors.affiliation: Applied Organic Chemistry Department, NRC, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. abdelgawadhassan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abdel-Gawad
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Abdel-Hameed
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Witczak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000032:analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D063086:Organothiophosphates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; C586266:O,O-diethyl S-hydroxymethyl phosphorodithioate; D063086:Organothiophosphates; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues; C041609:O,O-diethyl phosphorothionate; C010142:ethion monooxon; D003314:Corn Oil