title: Novel pneumoviruses (PnVs): Evolution and inflammatory pathology.
abstract: A previous report of a novel pneumovirus (PnV) isolated from the respiratory tract of a dog described its significant homology to the rodent pathogen, pneumonia virus of mice (PVM). The original PnV-Ane4 pathogen replicated in and could be re-isolated in infectious state from mouse lung but elicited minimal mortality compared to PVM strain J3666. Here we assess phylogeny and physiologic responses to 10 new PnV isolates. The G/glycoprotein sequences of all PnVs include elongated amino-termini when compared to the characterized PVMs, and suggest division into groups A and B. While we observed significant differences in cytokine production and neutrophil recruitment to the lungs of BALB/c mice in response to survival doses (50 TCID50 units) of representative group A (114378-10-29-KY-F) and group B (7968-11-OK) PnVs, we observed no evidence for positive selection (dN > dS) among the PnV/PnV, PVM/PnV or PVM/PVM G/glycoprotein or F/fusion protein sequence pairs.
authors.affiliation: Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1883, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Glineur
authors.forename: Randall W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Renshaw
authors.forename: Caroline M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Percopo
authors.forename: Kimberly D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Dubovi
authors.forename: Joseph B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Domachowske
authors.forename: Helene F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D029122:Murine pneumonia virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D018111:Pneumovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018186:Pneumovirus Infections / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: Chemokine; Inflammation; Neutrophil; Type I interferon