title: Effectiveness of Group Psycho-education on Well-being and Depression Among Breast Cancer Survivors of Melaka, Malaysia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The psychological stress after diagnosis of breast cancer is often severe. Most of the women with breast cancer and their families suffer from emotional, social, financial and psychological disturbances.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cluster non-randomized trial was conducted at a Cancer Society in Melaka, Malaysia to assess the effectiveness of psycho-education on well-being status and depression among breast cancer patients. The study period was for one month (11(th) June 2011 and 16(th) July 2011). Participants in this study were 34 adult women suffering from non-metastatic breast cancer and on appropriate allopathic medication. The WHO-five Well-being Index (1998 version) was used as the screening instrument for the assessment of well-being and depression. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11.0. Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test was applied for comparison between pre-test and post-test scores. A P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study revealed that majority of the participants was in the state of adequate well-being after the psycho-education 33 (97.1%). The proportion of depressed individuals had also reduced from 8 (23.5%) to 1 (2.9%) after the psychological intervention. The post-test results significantly improved after the intervention for the items related to "I have felt calm and relaxed", "I woke up feeling fresh and rested" and "my daily life has been filled with things that interest me" along with the "overall impression" in the WHO-5 Well-being Index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Group psycho-education played a significant role in improving the well-being status and reducing depression of breast cancer survivors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Melaka Manipal Medical College and Melaka Cancer Society, Melaka, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shanker
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ram
authors.forename: Rajagopal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Narayanasamy
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barua
keywords: Breast; Cancer; Depression; Group; Psychological; Survivors; Therapy; Well-being