title: Anti-müllerian hormone is not associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescent females.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epidemiological evidence for associations of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) with cardiometabolic risk factors is lacking. Existing evidence comes from small studies in select adult populations, and findings are conflicting. We aimed to assess whether AMH is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in a general population of adolescent females.
  
  
  METHODS
  AMH, fasting insulin, glucose, HDLc, LDLc, triglycerides and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at a mean age 15.5 years in 1,308 female participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations of AMH with these cardiometabolic outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AMH values ranged from 0.16-35.84 ng/ml and median AMH was 3.57 ng/ml (IQR: 2.41, 5.49). For females classified as post-pubertal (n = 848) at the time of assessment median (IQR) AMH was 3.81 ng/ml (2.55, 5.82) compared with 3.25 ng/ml (2.23, 5.05) in those classed as early pubertal (n = 460, P≤0.001). After adjusting for birth weight, gestational age, pubertal stage, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic position, adiposity and use of hormonal contraceptives, there were no associations with any of the cardiometabolic outcomes. For example fasting insulin changed by 0% per doubling of AMH (95%CI: -3%,+2%) p  = 0.70, with identical results if HOMA-IR was used. Results were similar after additional adjustment for smoking, physical activity and age at menarche, after exclusion of 3% of females with the highest AMH values, after excluding those that had not started menarche and after excluding those using hormonal contraceptives.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that in healthy adolescent females, AMH is not associated with cardiometabolic risk factors.
authors.affiliation: MRC CAiTE Centre, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom. emma.louise.anderson@bristol.ac.uk
authors.forename: Emma L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Abigail
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: McNally
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sattar
authors.forename: Hany
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lashen
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Debbie A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lawlor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone