title: Development and psychometric testing of the Nursing Research Self-Efficacy Scale (NURSES).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Nursing Research Self-Efficacy Scale (NURSES) was designed to measure individual nurses' degree of research self-efficacy and their perceptions regarding their unit's collective support of research use. Development for the NURSES instrument spanned a 4-year period, which included initial development, revisions, and psychometric evaluations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The NURSES is a 38-item Likert-scale instrument developed through ongoing instrument validation that included content validation and exploratory and confirmatory analysis. The 5 subscales include obtaining science-based knowledge resources, critically reading and evaluating quantitative research literature, critically reading and evaluating qualitative research literature, understanding and applying theory, and collective research efficacy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over a 4-year period, approximately 1000 practicing nurses from multiple hospitals responded to the instrument. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the existence of four subscales for research self-efficacy and one subscale for collective research efficacy. Reliability for the subscales was excellent, ranging from .94 to .97.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hospitals may wish to use the NURSES instrument as an orientation tool, or to examine relationships between research efficacy and nurses' professional development. Health care facilities on a Magnet journey might also use the NURSES instrument to assess their nursing staff as they pursue evidence-based practice and conduct research.
authors.affiliation: University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78258, USA. Evelyn.Swenson-Britt@uhs-sa.com
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Swenson-Britt
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berndt
mesh_terms: D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015399:Nursing Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical; D014481:United States