title: Management of nasoethmoid fractures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The management of nasoethmoid or naso-orbito-ethmoid (NOE) fractures requires a thorough knowledge of the central facial anatomy, surgical techniques, available tools and patient factors to obtain optimal restoration of aesthetic form and function. This review article describes the current methods of NOE fracture diagnosis, classification, surgical techniques and complication management, with a review of the current literature published over the past 18 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Advanced imaging modalities, bioabsorbable versus titanium rigid fixation, nasolacrimal duct stenting, NOE fracture management in children and the elderly, and novel techniques of medial canthopexy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of NOE fractures has not changed dramatically in the last 5 years. Advanced surgical techniques, intraoperative computed tomography and absorbable plating hold promise requiring future research prior to broad implementation.
authors.affiliation: Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Kansas Otolaryngology, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA. erosenberger@kumc.edu
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rosenberger
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kriet
authors.forename: Clinton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Humphrey
mesh_terms: D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D019736:Prostheses and Implants