title: Influence of lifelong dietary fats on the brain fatty acids and amphetamine-induced behavioral responses in adult rat.
abstract: The influence of dietary fatty acids (FA) on mania-like behavior and brain oxidative damage were evaluated in rats. First generation of rats born and maintained under supplementation with soybean-oil (SO), fish-oil (FO) or hydrogenated-vegetable-fat (HVF), which are rich in n-6, n-3 and trans (TFA) FA, respectively, until adulthood, were exposed to an amphetamine (AMPH)-induced mania animal model to behavioral and biochemical evaluations. While AMPH caused hyperlocomotion in HVF and, to a less extent, in SO- and FO-groups, a better memory performance was observed in FO group. Among vehicle-groups, HVF increased reactive species (RS) generation and protein-carbonyl (PC) levels in cortex; FO reduced RS generation in hippocampus and decreased PC levels in hippocampus and striatum. Among AMPH-treated animals, HVF exacerbated RS generation in all evaluated brain areas and increased PC levels in cortex and striatum; FO reduced RS generation in hippocampus and decreased PC levels in hippocampus and striatum. FO was related to higher percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cortex and striatum, while HVF was associated to higher incorporation of TFA in cortex, hippocampus and striatum, besides increased n-6/n-3 FA ratio in striatum. While a continuous exposure to TFA may intensify oxidative events in brain, a prolonged FO consumption may prevent mania-like-behavior; enhance memory besides decreasing brain oxidative markers. A substantial inclusion of processed foods, instead of foods rich in omega-3, in the long term is able to influence the functionality of brain structures related to behavioral disturbances and weaker neuroprotection, whose impact should be considered by food safety authorities and psychiatry experts.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trevizol
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roversi
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Kr
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roversi
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pase
authors.forename: R C S
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Barcelos
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Benvegnu
authors.forename: F T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Dolci
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Veit
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piccolo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emanuelli
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bürger
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine; D000818:Animals; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000661:Amphetamine
keywords: ALA; AMPH; ARA; Amphetamine; Arachidonic acid; BP; Bipolar disorder; DHA; EFA; EPA; Eicosapentaenoic acid; FA; FO; Fish oil; HVF; LA; LC-PUFA; MUFA; Mania; NORT; Novel recognition task; Oxidative damage; PC; PUFA; Protein carbonyl; RS; Reactive species; SO; TFA; Trans fat; docosahexaenoic acid; essential fatty acids; fatty acids; hydrogenated vegetable fat; linoleic acid; long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids; monounsaturated fatty acids; polyunsaturated fatty acids; soybean oil; trans fatty acids; α-linolenic acid