title: Comprehensive identification of high-frequency and co-occurring Mafa-DPA1, Mafa-DQA1, Mafa-DRA, and Mafa-DOA alleles in Vietnamese cynomolgus macaques.
abstract: High-frequency alleles and/or co-occurring human leukocyte antigen alleles across loci appear to be more important than individual alleles as markers of disease risk and have clinical value as biomarkers for targeted screening or the development of new disease therapies. To better elucidate the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) background and to facilitate the experimental use of cynomolgus macaques, Mafa-DPA1, Mafa-DQA1, Mafa-DRA, and Mafa-DOA alleles were characterized, and their combinations were investigated in 30 Vietnamese macaques by gene cloning and sequencing. A total of 26 Mafa-DPA1, 18 Mafa-DQA1, 9 Mafa-DRA, and 15 Mafa-DOA alleles, including 7 high-frequency alleles, were identified in this study, respectively. In addition, 15 Mafa-DQA1, 17 Mafa-DPA1, 15 Mafa-DOA, and 2 Mafa-DRA alleles represented novel sequences that had not been documented in earlier studies. Our results also showed that the Vietnamese macaques might be valuable because no less than 30% of the test animals possessed Mafa-DRA*01:02:01 (90%), -DQA1*26:01:03 (37%), -DOA*01:02:07 (34%), and -DQA1*01:03:03 (30%). We previously reported that the combinations of MHC class II alleles, including the combination of DOA*01:02:07-DPA1*02:09 and DOA*01:02:07-DQA1*01:03:03, were detected in 17 and 14% of the animals, respectively. Interestingly, more than two Mafa-DQA1 and Mafa-DPA1 alleles were detected in one animal in this study, which suggested that they might be caused by a chromosomal duplication. If our findings can be validated by other studies, it will further enrich the number of known Mafa-DPA1 and Mafa-DQA1 polymorphisms. Our results identified the co-occurring MHC alleles across loci in a cohort of Vietnamese cynomolgus macaques, which emphasized the value of this species as a model for biomedical research.
authors.affiliation: School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ruirui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Huiling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Haite
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yanqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhuo
authors.forename: Hongli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Shiqian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiaoning
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000235:genetics*; D051473:Maf Transcription Factors, Large / Q000235:genetics*; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000235:genetics*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014744:Vietnam
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D051473:Maf Transcription Factors, Large