title: Saponins from soy and chickpea: stability during beadmaking and in vitro bioaccessibility.
abstract: This study investigated the stability of saponins during the making and simulated digestion of soy and soy-chickpea breads and the bioaccessibility of saponins in digested breads. Recovery of saponins in soy bread exceeded that in soy-chickpea breads, and recovery of type A and B saponins was greater than for type E and DDMP saponins. Simulated digestion of breads resulted in greater relative losses of type A and DDMP saponins than type B and E saponins due in part to conversion of DDMP. Bioaccessibility of type B, E, and DDMP saponins in aqueous fraction of chyme exceeded 50%, but was ∼30% for type A saponins. Caco-2 cells accumulated 0.8-2.8% of saponins from apical compartment containing diluted aqueous fraction of chyme. These findings suggest that saponin structure and food matrix affect the stability of saponins during processing and digestion and that uptake of saponins by enterocyte-like cells is poor despite moderate apparent bioaccessibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology and ‡Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Serventi
authors.forename: Chureeporn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chitchumroonchokchai
authors.forename: Ken M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Riedl
authors.forename: Zohar
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kerem
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Berhow
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Vodovotz
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Failla
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D029863:Cicer / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D003296:Cooking; D004063:Digestion; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012503:Saponins