title: Antibody responses to Sarcoptes scabiei apolipoprotein in a porcine model: relevance to immunodiagnosis of recent infection.
abstract: No commercial immunodiagnostic tests for human scabies are currently available, and existing animal tests are not sufficiently sensitive. The recombinant Sarcoptes scabiei apolipoprotein antigen Sar s 14.3 is a promising immunodiagnostic, eliciting high levels of IgE and IgG in infected people. Limited data are available regarding the temporal development of antibodies to Sar s 14.3, an issue of relevance in terms of immunodiagnosis. We utilised a porcine model to prospectively compare specific antibody responses to a primary infestation by ELISA, to Sar s 14.3 and to S. scabiei whole mite antigen extract (WMA). Differences in the antibody profile between antigens were apparent, with Sar s 14.3 responses detected earlier, and declining significantly after peak infestation compared to WMA. Both antigens resulted in >90% diagnostic sensitivity from weeks 8-16 post infestation. These data provide important information on the temporal development of humoral immune responses in scabies and further supports the development of recombinant antigen based immunodiagnostic tests for recent scabies infestations.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rampton
authors.forename: Shelley F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.forename: Deborah C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: Cielo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pasay
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Bart J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Currie
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Kate E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Mounsey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004423:Ear / Q000469:parasitology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012520:Sarcoptes scabiei / Q000276:immunology*; D012532:Scabies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D003907:Dexamethasone