title: Immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnostics of primary lung cancer: an investigation within the Southern Swedish Lung Cancer Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess immunohistochemical (IHC) stains differentially expressed between different types of lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 16 different IHC stains in 209 prospectively included, surgically treated primary lung cancers, including 121 adenocarcinomas, 65 squamous cell carcinomas, 15 large-cell carcinomas, 5 adenosquamous carcinomas, 2 sarcomatoid carcinomas, and 1 small-cell carcinoma, using the tissue microarray technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytokeratin 5 (CK5) and P63 were both positive in 10% or more of the cells in 97% of the squamous cell carcinomas, with the former being positive (<10% of the cells) in only 2 non-squamous cell carcinomas. Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) and napsin A were positive in 10% or more of the cells in 88% and 87% of the adenocarcinomas, respectively, with 94% of the adenocarcinomas being positive in at least 1 marker. Fifteen percent of the adenocarcinomas were positive for estrogen receptor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CK5, TTF1, and napsin A are sensitive markers for squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Pathology, Regional Laboratories Region Skåne, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden. hans.brunnstrom@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brunnström
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jirström
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jönsson
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jönsson
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Planck
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053555:Keratin-5 / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013548:Sweden; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C081876:CKAP4 protein, human; C506487:ESR1 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D053555:Keratin-5; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C000614412:NKX2-1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; C498549:NAPSA protein, human
keywords: Adenocarcinoma; CK5; Cytokeratin; Estrogen receptor; Large-cell carcinoma; Napsin A; Neuroendocrine; P63; Squamous cell carcinoma; TTF-1