title: Cafeteria diet induces obesity and insulin resistance associated with oxidative stress but not with inflammation: improvement by dietary supplementation with a melon superoxide dismutase.
abstract: Oxidative stress is involved in obesity. However, dietary antioxidants could prevent oxidative stress-induced damage. We have previously shown the preventive effects of a melon superoxide dismutase (SODB) on oxidative stress. However, the mechanism of action of SODB is still unknown. Here, we evaluated the effects of a 1-month curative supplementation with SODB on the liver of obese hamsters. Golden Syrian hamsters received either a standard diet or a cafeteria diet composed of high-fat, high-sugar, and high-salt supermarket products, for 15 weeks. This diet resulted in insulin resistance and in increased oxidative stress in the liver. However, inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB) were not enhanced and no liver steatosis was detected, although these are usually described in obesity-induced insulin resistance models. After the 1-month supplementation with SODB, body weight and insulin resistance induced by the cafeteria diet were reduced and hepatic oxidative stress was corrected. This could be due to the increased expression of the liver antioxidant defense proteins (manganese and copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase). Even though no inflammation was detected in the obese hamsters, inflammatory markers were decreased after SODB supplementation, probably through the reduction of oxidative stress. These findings suggest for the first time that SODB could exert its antioxidant properties by inducing the endogenous antioxidant defense. The mechanisms underlying this induction need to be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition & Métabolisme, UMR 204 NutriPass-Prévention des Malnutritions et des Pathologies Associées, Université Montpellier 1-2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France; Bionov Sarl, Avignon, France.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carillon
authors.affiliation: Nutrition & Métabolisme, UMR 204 NutriPass-Prévention des Malnutritions et des Pathologies Associées, Université Montpellier 1-2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romain
authors.affiliation: Département de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bardy
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 866, Unité Différenciation Cellulaire et Croissance, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fouret
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 866, Unité Différenciation Cellulaire et Croissance, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feillet-Coudray
authors.affiliation: Nutrition & Métabolisme, UMR 204 NutriPass-Prévention des Malnutritions et des Pathologies Associées, Université Montpellier 1-2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaillet
authors.affiliation: Bionov Sarl, Avignon, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lacan
authors.affiliation: Nutrition & Métabolisme, UMR 204 NutriPass-Prévention des Malnutritions et des Pathologies Associées, Université Montpellier 1-2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France; Département de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cristol
authors.affiliation: Nutrition & Métabolisme, UMR 204 NutriPass-Prévention des Malnutritions et des Pathologies Associées, Université Montpellier 1-2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France. Electronic address: jm.rouanet@univ-montp2.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-Max
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rouanet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006224:Cricetinae; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidant defense; Free radicals; Inflammatory markers; Insulin sensitivity; Obesity; Oxidative status