title: Molecular epidemiological investigation of velogenic Newcastle disease viruses from village chickens in Cambodia.
abstract: Three isolates of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) were isolated from tracheal samples of dead village chickens in two provinces (Phnom Penh and Kampong Cham) in Cambodia during 2011-2012. All of these Cambodian NDV isolates were categorized as velogenic pathotype, based on in vivo pathogenicity tests and F cleavage site motif sequence ((112)RRRKRF(117)). The phylogenetic analysis and the evolutionary distances based on the sequences of the F gene revealed that all the three field isolates of NDV from Cambodia form a distinct cluster (VIIh) together with three Indonesian strains and were assigned to the genotype VII within the class II. Further phylogenetic analysis based on the hyper-variable region of the F gene revealed that some of NDV strains from Malaysia since the mid-2000s were also classified into the VIIh virus. This indicates that the VIIh NDVs are spreading through Southeast Asia. The present investigation, therefore, emphasizes the importance of further surveillance of NDV in neighboring countries as well as throughout Southeast Asia to contain further spreading of these VIIh viruses.
authors.affiliation: Avian Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, MAFRA, 175 Anyang-ro, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 430-757, Republic of Korea, kchoi0608@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Kang-Seuk
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Soo-Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kye
authors.forename: Ji-Ye
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Vanessa R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Damasco
authors.forename: San
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sorn
authors.forename: Youn-Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jun-Gu
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyun-Mi
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Kwang-Il
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung-Min
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Hee-Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002160:Cambodia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002645:Chickens; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D014644:Genetic Variation; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D014132:Trachea / Q000821:virology; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins