title: Cardioprotection via preserved mitochondrial structure and function in the mPer2-mutant mouse myocardium.
abstract: We have previously shown that myocardial infarct size in nonreperfused hearts of mice with a functional deletion of the circadian rhythm gene mPer2 (mPer2-M) was reduced by 43%. We hypothesized that acute ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R = 30 min I/2 h R) would also be reduced in these mice and that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) (3 × 5 min cycles) before I/R, which enhances protection in wild-type (WT) hearts, would provide further protection in mPer2-M hearts. We observed a 69 and 75% decrease in infarct size in mPer2-M mouse hearts compared with WT following I/R and IPC, respectively. This was coincident with 67% less neutrophil infiltration and 57% less apoptotic cardiomyocytes. IPC in mPer2-M mice before I/R had 48% less neutrophil density and 46% less apoptosis than their WT counterparts. Macrophage density was not different between WT and mPer2-M I/R, but it was 45% higher in mPer2-M IPC mouse hearts compared with WT IPC. There were no baseline differences in cardiac mitochondrial function between WT and mPer2-M mice, but, following I/R, WT exhibited a marked decrease in maximal O₂ consumption supported by complex I-mediated substrates, whereas mPer2-M did not, despite no difference in complex I content. Moreover, cardiac mitochondria from WT mice exhibited a very robust increase in ADP-stimulated O₂ consumption in response to exogenously added cytochrome c, along with a high rate of reactive oxygen species production, none of which was exhibited by cardiac mitochondria from mPer2-M following I/R. Taken together, these findings suggest that mPer2 deletion preserves mitochondrial membrane structure and functional integrity in heart following I/R injury, the consequence of which is preservation of myocardial viability. Understanding the mechanisms connecting cardiac events, mitochondrial function, and mPer2 could lead to preventative and therapeutic strategies for at risk populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; and.
authors.forename: Jitka A I
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Virag
authors.forename: Ethan J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Susan D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: Harrison D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Blanton
authors.forename: Tracy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Fatiha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moukdar
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: DeAntonio
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thayne
authors.forename: Jian M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lust
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C513312:Per2 protein, mouse; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate
keywords: circadian; heart; ischemia-reperfusion; mitochondrial function