title: miR-223: infection, inflammation and cancer.
abstract: Expression of the microRNA miR-223 is deregulated during influenza or hepatitis B infection and in inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, leukaemia and lymphoma. Although this may also be the result of the disease per se, increasing evidence suggests a role for miR-223 in limiting inflammation to prevent collateral damage during infection and in preventing oncogenic myeloid transformation. Validated targets for miR-223 that have effects on inflammation and infection include granzyme B, IKKα, Roquin and STAT3. With regard to cancer, validated targets include C/EBPβ, E2F1, FOXO1 and NFI-A. The effect of miR-223 on these targets has been documented individually; however, it is more likely that miR-223 affects multiple targets simultaneously for key processes where the microRNA is important. Such processes include haematopoietic cell differentiation, particularly towards the granulocyte lineage (where miR-223 is abundant) and as cells progress down the myeloid lineage (where miR-223 expression decreases). NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome are important inflammatory mechanisms that are dampened by miR-223 in these cell types. The miRNA can also directly target viruses such as HIV, leading to synergistic effects during infection. Here we review the recent studies of miR-223 function to show how it modulates inflammation, infection and cancer development.
authors.affiliation: Inflammation Research Group and Immunology Research Centre, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haneklaus
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerlic
authors.forename: L A J
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Masters
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D023281:Genomics; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000235:genetics*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: cancer; infection; inflammation; miRNA-223