title: Drug-induced valvular heart disease: an update.
abstract: Numerous reports have shown an unquestionable association between fibrotic valve disease and the following drugs: ergot alkaloids (such as methysergide and ergotamine), ergot-derived dopaminergic agonists (such as pergolide and cabergoline) and drugs metabolized into norfenfluramine (such as fenfluramine, dexfenfluramine and benfluorex). This review focuses on different aspects of drug-induced valvular heart disease: historical background; echocardiographic features; different drugs recognized as being responsible for valvular heart disease; and pathophysiology.
authors.affiliation: Service de pharmacologie clinique, hôpital Sud, CHU d'Amiens, avenue René-Laennec, Salouel, 80054 Amiens cedex 1, France. andrejak.michel@chu-amiens.fr
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andrejak
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tribouilloy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005355:Fibrosis; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006351:Heart Valves / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography