title: Proteomic approaches to evaluate protein S-nitrosylation in disease.
abstract: Many of nitric oxide (NO) actions are mediated through the coupling of a nitroso moiety to a reactive cysteine leading to the formation of a S-nitrosothiol (SNO), a process known as S-nitrosylation or S-nitrosation. In many cases this reversible post-translational modification is accompanied by altered protein function and aberrant S-nitrosylation of proteins, caused by altered production of NO and/or impaired SNO homeostasis, has been repeatedly reported in a variety of pathophysiological settings. A growing number of studies are directed to the identification and characterization of those proteins that undergo S-nitrosylation and the analysis of S-nitrosoproteomes under pathological conditions is beginning to be reported. The study of these S-nitrosoproteomes has been fueled by advances in proteomic technologies that are providing researchers with improved tools for exploring this post-translational modification. Here we review novel refinements and improvements to these methods, and some recent studies of the S-nitrosoproteome in disease.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: López-Sánchez
authors.forename: Chary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: López-Pedrera
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Ariza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003545:Cysteine / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015538:Nitrosation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D003545:Cysteine
keywords: S-nitrosation; S-nitrosothiol; S-nitrosylation; cysteine; nitric oxide; proteomics