title: Antihyperglycemic activity of Caralluma tuberculata in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
abstract: The current study aimed at evaluating the potential and mechanisms of the antidiabetic activity of the methanolic extract (ME) of Caralluma tuberculata as well as its chloroform (CF), n-butanol (BF) and the remaining water fractions (RFs) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The antidiabetic activity was evaluated through assessing fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin levels, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), glucose utilization by isolated rat psoas muscle, gut glucose absorption and G-6-Pase activity in isolated rat liver microsomes. Both ME and RF showed the highest potency, where ME had superior activity. The mechanism underlying the observed antihyperglycemic activity of ME could be attributed, at least in part, to enhanced skeletal muscle utilization of glucose, inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis and stimulation of insulin secretion. ME was standardized through LC-MS analysis for its major pregnanes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. abdelsattar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Essam A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Abdel-Sattar
authors.forename: Hossam M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.forename: Alaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khedr
authors.forename: Ashraf B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Abdel-Naim
authors.forename: Ibrahim A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Shehata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029062:Apocynaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020834:Ethnopharmacology; D005943:Gluconeogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011278:Pregnanes / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016658:Psoas Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011278:Pregnanes; D012997:Solvents; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Antihyperglycemic activity; Caralluma tuberculata; Pregnanes