title: Characterization of volatile organic compounds emitted by barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) roots and their attractiveness to wireworms.
abstract: Root volatile organic compounds (VOCs), their chemistry and ecological functions have garnered less attention than aboveground emitted plant VOCs. We report here on the identification of VOCs emitted by barley roots (Hordeum vulgare L.). Twenty nine VOCs were identified from isolated 21-d-old roots. The detection was dependent on the medium used for root cultivation. We identified 24 VOCs from 7-d-old roots when plants were cultivated on sterile Hoagland gelified medium, 33 when grown on sterile vermiculite, and 34 on non-sterile vermiculite. The major VOCs were fatty acid derived compounds, including hexanal, methyl hexanoate, (E)-hex-2-enal, 2-pentylfuran, pentan-1-ol, (Z)-2-(pentenyl)-furan, (Z)-pent-2-en-1-ol, hexan-1-ol, (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol, (E)-hex-2-en-1-ol, oct-1-en-3-ol, 2-ethylhexan-1-ol (likely a contaminant), (E)-non-2-enal, octan-1-ol, (2E,6Z)-nona-2,6-dienal, methyl (E)-non-2-enoate, nonan-1-ol, (Z)-non-3-en-1-ol, (E)-non-2-en-1-ol, nona-3,6-dien-1-ol, and nona-2,6-dien-1-ol. In an olfactometer assay, wireworms (larvae of Agriotes sordidus Illiger, Coleoptera: Elateridae) were attracted to cues emanating from barley seedlings. We discuss the role of individual root volatiles or a blend of the root volatiles detected here and their interaction with CO2 for wireworm attraction.
authors.affiliation: Plant Biology Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gfeller
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laloux
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barsics
authors.forename: Djamel Edine
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kati
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Haubruge
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: du Jardin
authors.forename: François J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Verheggen
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lognay
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wathelet
authors.forename: Marie-Laure
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fauconnier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D002245:Carbon Dioxide