title: Performance of methyl eugenol + matrix + toxicant combinations under field conditions in Hawaii and California for trapping Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae).
abstract: The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a major pest of many fruit crops worldwide. Current detection programs by federal and state agencies in the United States use a grid of traps consisting of liquid methyl eugenol (lure) and naled (toxicant) applied to cotton wicks and hung inside the trap. In recent years efforts have been made to incorporate these chemicals into various solid-type matrices that could be individually packaged to reduce human exposure to the chemicals and improve handling. New solid formulations containing methyl eugenol and either naled or dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate toxicants were compared with the standard formulations on cotton wicks in large scale field evaluation in Hawaii. Two reduced risk toxicants (spinosad and Rynaxypyr) were also evaluated. In one test the solid lure-toxicant-matrix combinations were sent to California to be weathered under California climate conditions and then sent back to Hawaii for evaluation. The polymer matrices with lure and toxicant were found to be as attractive as baited wicks and have the same longevity of attraction regardless of being weathered in Hawaii or in California. The new ingestible toxicants were also effective, although further testing of these ingestible lure + toxicant + matrix products is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, 64 Nowelo St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA. eric.jang@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramsey
authors.forename: Lori A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002140:California; D005054:Eugenol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006254:Hawaii; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D007306:Insecticides; D010675:Pheromones; D033621:Tephritidae / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010675:Pheromones; C010411:insect attractants; C005223:methyleugenol; D005054:Eugenol