title: A report on the use of Er:YAG laser for pilot hole drilling prior to miniscrew insertion.
abstract: The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the required time period of the Er:YAG laser that is used for drilling through cortical bone when pilot hole drilling is needed before miniscrew insertion. Even though Er:YAG laser is used in various in vivo and in vitro studies, there is no accepted procedure of laser for depth control during drilling through cortical bone. The study sample consisted of 120 cortical bone segments having 1.5 and 2.0 mm of cortical bone thickness. An Er:YAG laser, with a spot size of 1.3 mm and an air-water spray of 40-50 ml/min, was used. The laser was held 2 mm away from and perpendicular to the bone surface with different laser settings. Twelve specimens were prepared for each subgroup. As the cortical bone thickness increased, the time needed to drill through the bone increased. Frequency increase directly caused a decrease in irradiation duration. When three different frequency, three different energy, and four different power values were tested for both the 1.5- and 2-mm cortical bone thicknesses, the shortest duration needed to drill through cortical bone was seen in the 3.6-W (300 mJ-12 Hz) setting. When pilot holes are drilled prior to miniscrew placement in 1.5 to 2 mm of cortical bone using Er:YAG laser, the most appropriate value is found with the 3.6-W (300 mJ-12 Hz) setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Bagdat cad. No 238 Göztepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fulya
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Hande Biceroglu
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: Mehmet Oguz
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Oztoprak
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tozlu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001863:Bone Screws; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000601:surgery*; D002417:Cattle; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State; D009970:Orthodontics / Q000379:methods*