title: Clinical relevance of GSTT1 mismatch in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: Since 2001, year in which Glutathione S-transferase theta class 1 (GSTT1) gene appeared to be related to the occurrence of de novo immune hepatitis after liver transplantation, this gene with two allelic variants, GSTT1(∗)A (wild type copy) and GSTT1(∗)0 (deletion copy), has emerged as a potent histocompatibility antigen. Namely, a donor-recipient liver graft combination of a GSTT1-negative recipient (homozygous for GSTT1(∗)0) and a GSTT1-positive donor results, very frequently, in the appearance of a severe immune-related graft hepatitis with production of IgG anti-GSTT1 antibodies. In kidney transplantation, GSTT1 donor-recipient mismatch is also associated with production of anti-GSTT1 antibodies and antibody-related rejection episodes with C4d deposition in graft biopsy. The more recent discovery of anti-GSTT1 antibodies in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, clearly confirms a role of GSTT1 as histocompatibility antigen in this setting. Interestingly, the consequences of GSTT1 mismatch might be either rejection or graft-versus-host disease, depending on the GSTT1 mismatch's sense of direction. The involvement of GSTT1 in immunological allo-recognition is unquestionable although there are still many aspects that remain to be explored.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Service, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. Electronic address: iaguilera-ibis@us.es.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.forename: Jose Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Núñez-Roldán
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D007519:Isoantigens; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Ab; GSTM1; GSTT1; Glutathione S-transferase mu 1; Glutathione S-transferase theta 1; HSCT; LT; antibody; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; liver transplant; mHag; minor histocompatibility antigen