title: Possible biomarkers of early mortality in peritonitis-induced sepsis rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) is accompanied by circulatory failure, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, metabolic acidosis, and electrolyte imbalance in rats. However, it remains uncertain which parameters can be used to predict the mortality of septic rats. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine which possible biomarkers were associated with mortality in the CLP-induced sepsis model.
  
  
  METHODS
  After the carotid artery and vein were cannulated, rats were subsequently subjected to CLP or sham operation. The changes of hemodynamics, biochemical variables, blood gas, and electrolytes were monitored during the 18-h observation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CLP surgery caused circulatory failure, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalance, and death. Compared with survivors, nonsurvivors showed significant difference in (1) blood glucose; (2) lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen in serum; and (3) base excess, HCO3(-), PaCO2, potassium, and calcium in whole blood at 9 h after CLP. No significant difference in blood pressure, heart rate, pressor response to noradrenaline, rectal temperature, total protein, albumin, PaO2, and sodium was observed between nonsurvivors and survivors. However, after multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis, the union of HCO3(-) and blood glucose had the biggest testing balanced accuracy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that HCO3(-) plus blood glucose serves as the best biomarker of early death in rats with CLP-induced sepsis. Thus, these parameters could guide experimental procedures for making the right interventions when utilizing CLP as a sepsis model in rats.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, ROC, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Shiu-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cheng-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.forename: Chih-Chin
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Chin-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood; D006439:Hemodynamics; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D058011:Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000150:complications; D012372:ROC Curve; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004573:Electrolytes; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase