title: Nutrient supplementation: improving male fertility fourfold.
abstract: Oxidative stress can contribute to impairment in spermatogenesis leading to male-factor infertility. The effectiveness of various antioxidants (such as carnitine, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, carotenoids, glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, zinc, folic acid, and coenzyme Q10) is variable with respect to improving semen parameters and pregnancy rates. A recent Cochrane review determined that men taking antioxidants had a statistically significant increase in both live birth rates and pregnancy rates. For those undergoing assisted reproduction, the odds ratio that antioxidant use would improve pregnancy rates was 4.18, with a 4.85-fold improvement in live birth rate also noted. Further investigation with randomized, controlled clinical trials is needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of antioxidant supplementation in the medical management and treatment of male infertility.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mora-Esteves
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000628:therapy; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018977:Micronutrients