title: Measuring enfranchisement: importance of and control over participation by people with disabilities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the psychometric properties and validity of an expanded set of community enfranchisement items that are suitable for computer adaptive testing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals with disabilities (N=1163) were recruited from an online panel generation company (51%), former rehabilitation inpatients (18%), disability community organizations (13%), a registry of rehabilitation patients (10%), and Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Model System facilities (8%). Inclusion criteria were a self-identified disability, aged ≥18 years, and the ability to read and speak English.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community enfranchisement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the 48 enfranchisement items suggested 2 distinct subsets of items: (1) importance of participation and (2) control over participation. Principal components analysis of the residuals suggested that the 2 item sets are unidimensional. Rating scale analysis provided evidence that the 2 item sets fit the Rasch model. Importance and control were moderately correlated with each other and with disability severity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Importance of participation and control over participation define 2 distinct sets of participation enfranchisement. Preliminary evidence supports their validity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Electronic address: a-heinemann@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Allen W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Heinemann
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Magasi
authors.forename: Rita K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.forename: Joy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hammel
authors.forename: Gale G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Whiteneck
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bogner
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Corrigan
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057566:Self Report
keywords: CFA; CFI; DIF; EFA; ICF; IRT; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; PCA; Psychometrics; Quality of life; RMSEA; Rehabilitation; Social participation; comparative fit index; confirmatory factor analysis; differential item functioning; exploratory factor analysis; item response theory; principal components analysis; root mean square error of approximation