title: New insights on the pathomechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: Pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains an enigma on whether germs, genes or a combination of these two with excessive immune responses to gut-associated bacteria explicates its pathomechanisms. The incidence of IBD is 0.76747 per 100,000 in Central Indonesia, as shown in the Project Indonesian IBD ACCESS 2012 progress report. This result, together with other epidemiological studies in Asia, may conclusively reflect increased rates of the disease, while its pathogenesis still undoubtedly obscured. However, knowledge of the pathophysiology of IBD is rapidly growing, abreast with new developments. A series of recent updates in core pathomechanisms such as bacterial, endoplasmic reticulum stress, new immune cell populations, T-cell differentiation and function, mucosal immune defenses and oxidative stress are relevant pathomechanism keypoints in IBD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. murdani08@gmail.com
authors.forename: Murdani
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: Ari Fahrial
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Syam
authors.forename: Marcellus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simadibrata
authors.forename: Jeffri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gunawan
authors.forename: Dadang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Makmun
authors.forename: Abdul Aziz
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rani
mesh_terms: D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000502:physiology; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D064307:Microbiota; D013559:Symbiosis
keywords: inflammatory bowel disease; limited pathway; microbiome; new immune cell populations; pathomechanism