title: Effects of exposure to electromagnetic field radiation (EMFR) generated by activated mobile phones on fasting blood glucose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Extensive use of mobile phones has been accompanied by a common public debate about possible adverse effects on human health. No study has been published so far to establish any association between the fastest growing innovation of mobile phone and fasting blood glucose. The aim was to determine the effects of exposure to electromagnetic field radiation generated by mobile phones on fasting blood glucose in Wistar Albino rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 Male Albino rats (Wistar Strain) were divided into 5 equally numerous groups. Group A served as the control one, group B received mobile phone radiation for less than 15 min/day, group C: 15-30 min/day, group D: 31-45 min/day, and group E: 46-60 min/day for a total period of 3 months. Fasting blood glucose was determined by using Spectrophotometer and serum insulin by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The Homeostatic Model (HOMA-B) was applied for the assessment of β-cell function and (HOMA-IR) for resistance to insulin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Wister Albino rats exposed to mobile phone radiation for longer than 15 min a day for a total period of 3 months had significantly higher fasting blood glucose (p < 0.015) and serum insulin (p < 0.01) compared to the control group. HOMA-IR for insulin resistance was significantly increased (p < 0.003) in the groups that were exposed for 15-30 and 46-60 min/day compared to the control rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study show an association between long-term exposure to activated mobile phones and increase in fasting blood glucose and serum insulin in Albino rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. sultanmeo@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Sultan Ayoub
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Meo
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al Rubeaan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000528:radiation effects*; D040421:Cell Phone; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000528:radiation effects; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000528:radiation effects*; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000528:radiation effects; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose