title: Uveitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons with CD4+ T-lymphocyte count over 200 cells/mL.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy has altered the course of disease for persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus by elevating CD4+ T-lymphocyte levels. Changes in the spectrum of systemic diseases encountered in human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals are reported in the general medical literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus, who presented with uveitis when the peripheral CD4+ T-lymphocyte count was over 200 cells/μL.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized data collection at seven tertiary-referral inflammatory eye disease clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature anatomic classification and descriptors, cause of uveitis, and visual acuity
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peripheral CD4+ T cell counts varied between 207 and 1777 (median = 421) cells/μL at the time of diagnosis of uveitis. Uveitis was classified anatomically as anterior (47.5%), intermediate (6.6%), anterior/intermediate (16.4%), posterior (14.8%) and pan (14.8%). Specific causes of uveitis included infections (34.4%), with syphilis responsible for 16.4% of all cases, and defined immunological disorders (27.0%); no cause for the inflammation was identified in 34.4% of persons. Visual acuity was better than 6/15 in 66.7% and 6/60 or worse in 11.8% of 93 eyes at presentation, and better than 6/15 in 82.4% and 6/60 or worse in 8.8% of 34 eyes at 1 year of follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both infectious and non-infectious forms of uveitis occur in individuals who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus and have preserved or restored peripheral CD4+ T cell levels. Individuals who are human immunodeficiency virus-positive and present with uveitis should be evaluated in the same way all patients with uveitis are assessed.
authors.affiliation: Casey Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rose-Nussbaumer
authors.forename: Debra A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Thorne
authors.forename: Tiago E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Arantes
authors.forename: Nisha R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Acharya
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shakoor
authors.forename: Bennie H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Jeng
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: G Atma
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Vemulakonda
authors.forename: Christina J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Flaxel
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Gary N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Justine R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014605:Uveitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids
keywords: AIDS; HIV; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; human immunodeficiency virus; uveitis