title: No increase in primary nosocomial candidemia in 682 German intensive care units during 2006 to 2011.
abstract: We evaluated the epidemiology of and trends in primary nosocomial candidemia within a network of 682 German intensive care units (ICUs) during 2006 to 2011. Nosocomial laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection (NLCBI) was diagnosed using standard definitions from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Incidences were calculated by NLCBI per 1,000 patients and incidence densities per 1,000 patient-days and per 1,000 central-line days. In the 682 ICUs, there were 2,220,803 patients, 7,943,615 patient-days and 5,363,026 central-line days. A total of 381 of the 6,666 NLCBIs were associated with Candida albicans, 142 with non-albicans Candida. Non-albicans Candida made up 26% of all the Candida isolates. The mean incidence density of Candida central line-associated NLCBIs was 0.09 per 1,000 central-line days and remained unchanged between 2006 and 2011. Crude ICU mortality was 21.9% for C. albicans and 29.7% for non-albicans Candida. Candida was the fourth leading cause of primary NLCBIs, accounting for 6.5% of all bloodstream infections acquired in ICUs. Based on an incidence density of 0.07 per 1,000 patient-days, extrapolation of our data resulted in 465 primary nosocomial Candida NLCBIs in German ICUs per year. Our data show that there was no increase in primary Candida NLCBIs during 2006 to 2011.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany. elisabeth.meyer@charite.de
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Geffers
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gastmeier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schwab
mesh_terms: D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D058387:Candidemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States