title: Polyclonal immunoglobulin G for autoimmune demyelinating nervous system disorders.
abstract: Demyelinating diseases with presumed autoimmune pathogenesis are characterised by direct or indirect immune-mediated damage to myelin sheaths, which normally surround nerve fibres to ensure proper electrical nerve conduction. Parenteral administration of polyclonal IgG purified from multi-donor human plasma pools may beneficially modulate these misguided immune reactions via several mechanisms that are outlined in this review. Convincing therapeutic evidence from controlled trials now exists for certain disorders of the peripheral nervous system, including Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, and multifocal motor neuropathy. In addition, there is evidence for potential therapeutic benefits of IgG in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, including multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. This review introduces these disorders, briefly summarises the established treatment options, and discusses therapeutic evidence for the use of polyclonal immunoglobulins with a particular emphasis on recent clinical trials and meta-analyses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buttmann
authors.forename: Srini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaveri
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Hartung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020274:Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002999:Clone Cells; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011115:Polyneuropathies / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G
keywords: Guillain–Barré syndrome; clinical trials; immunoglobulins; multiple sclerosis; neuromyelitis optica; polyradiculoneuropathy