title: Open-angle glaucoma in patients with diabetic retinopathy at the Puerto Rico Medical Center.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) with diabetes mellitus remains controversial. We report on the frequency of open-angle glaucoma in patients having diabetic retinopathy in a population of the Puerto Rico Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of 1,442 patients was done. Only the chart of patients 40 years-of-age and older, with a diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and/or open-angle glaucoma were included. Descriptive analysis was done. Unadjusted and gender-adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to estimate risk of developing open-angle glaucoma in patients with diabetic retinopathy for each subsequent decade.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1,040 patients were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy from July 1, 2004 to June 30, 2009. Also, 402 patients were diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma from July 1, 2007 to June 30, 2009. Of the 1,040 patients with diabetic retinopathy, 64 patients (6.15%) also had OAG. According to our gender-adjusted logistic regression analysis the estimated risk of developing open-angle glaucoma for patients 40 years-of-age with diabetic retinopathy increased for each subsequent decade until the seventh decade, odds ratio = 5.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.62-15.86). Thereafter, it decreased, odds ratio = 2.07 (95% confidence interval: 0.36-11.82).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that Puerto Rico patients between 40 to 79 years of age with diabetic retinopathy have an increased risk of developing open-angle glaucoma with each subsequent decade. Screening for open-angle glaucoma in patients with diabetic retinopathy is of utmost importance in the aging Puerto Rico population to prevent blindness.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus. yousef.cruz@upr.edu
authors.forename: Yousef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cruz-lñigo
authors.forename: Natalio J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Izquierdo
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011647:Puerto Rico