title: The impact of maternal anti-retroviral therapy on cytokine profile in the uninfected neonates.
abstract: The number of HIV-infected young women has been increasing since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic. The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of anti-retroviral treatment (ART) of HIV-1-infected pregnant women (PW) on cytokine profile of uninfected neonates. Our results demonstrated that higher levels of IL-1β and TNF-α associated with lower IL-10 production were detected in the plasma obtained from neonates born from ART-treated PW. Furthermore, the production of TNF- α and IFN-γ was also significantly higher in polyclonally-activated T cells from those neonates. This elevated pro-inflammatory pattern detected by these activated-T cells was not associated to HIV-1 antigens sensitization. Finally, ART-exposed neonates showed to be born with lower weight, and it was inversely correlated with maternal peripheral TNF-a level. In summary, the data presented here suggest a significant disturbance in cytokine network of HIV-1-uninfected neonates exposed to potent anti-retroviral schemes during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Taissa M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kasahara
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hygino
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.forename: Carlos Fernando
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Araújo-Lima
authors.forename: Landi V C
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Guillermo
authors.forename: Vera Carolina B
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Bittencourt
authors.forename: Vander
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.forename: Arnaldo F B
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Cleonice A M
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bento
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired / Q000187:drug effects; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D016207:Cytokines