title: Complications associated with single-dose, perioperative mitomycin-C for patients undergoing bladder tumor resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To better understand the risk of short-term complications associated with perioperative intravesical mitomycin-C (MMC) therapy for patients undergoing endoscopic management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using an institutional database of patients with bladder cancer, we performed a retrospective case-control study of patients receiving perioperative MMC after tumor resection (2008-2012). MMC cases were matched by clinical stage to controls receiving endoscopic resection alone. Demographic information, clinicopathologic details, and outcomes were compared between groups. Outcomes of interest included overall, genitourinary, and major complications. Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression were used to evaluate associations among patient characteristics, clinical factors, exposure to MMC, and outcomes of interest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-hundred sixteen patients treated with MMC were matched to 116 controls. Patients receiving MMC were younger (P = 0.04) and more likely to have invasive disease (i.e. T1 or greater) (23% vs. 15%, P = 0.02). Complications were more frequent among patients who were treated with MMC (34.5% vs. 19.8%, Odds Ratio 2.89, 95% Confidence Interval 1.43-5.81). The most common complication among MMC patients that required medical management was dysuria (17%). Major complications were more common among MMC patients (5.2% vs. 0.9%), but this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.11).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of MMC is associated with a greater odds of complications compared with controls. Patients should be counseled regarding both the benefits and potential risks of perioperative intravesical MMC. Continued research is required to understand the safety implications associated with the use of perioperative, intravesical MMC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Services Research, Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Filson
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Dailey
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
authors.forename: Heather S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Crossley
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lentz
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
authors.forename: Christopher T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Tallman
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI. Electronic address: aweizer@med.umich.edu.
authors.forename: Alon Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Weizer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D053159:Dysuria / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D059035:Perioperative Period; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D016685:Mitomycin
keywords: Bladder cancer; Chemotherapy; Complications; Mitomycin; Safety