title: A healthy dietary pattern consisting of a variety of food choices is inversely associated with the development of metabolic syndrome.
abstract: There are limited data on healthy dietary patterns protective against metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) development. We identified dietary patterns among middle-aged and older adults and investigated the associations with the incidence of MetSyn. A population-based prospective cohort study included 5,251 male and female Koreans aged 40-69 years. At baseline, all individuals were free of MetSyn, other major metabolic diseases, and known cardiovascular disease or cancer. Cases of MetSyn were ascertained over a 6-year of follow-up. Dietary patterns and their factor scores were generated by factor analysis using the data of a food frequency questionnaire. We performed pooled logistic regression analysis to estimate multivariable-adjusted relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for associations between factor scores and MetSyn risk. Two dietary patterns were identified; (1) a healthy dietary pattern, which included a variety of foods such as fish, seafood, vegetables, seaweed, protein foods, fruits, dairy products, and grains; and (2) an unhealthy dietary pattern, which included a limited number of food items. After controlling for confounding factors, factor scores for the healthy dietary pattern were inversely associated with MetSyn risk (P-value for trend < 0.05) while those for the unhealthy dietary pattern had no association. Individuals in the top quintile of the healthy diet scores showed a multivariable-adjusted RR [95% CI] of 0.76 [0.60-0.97] for MetSyn risk compared with those in the bottom quintile. The beneficial effects were derived from inverse associations with abdominal obesity, low HDL-cholesterol levels, and high fasting glucose levels. Our findings suggest that a variety of healthy food choices is recommended to prevent MetSyn.
authors.affiliation: Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Inkyung
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.forename: Myoungsook
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nu-Ri
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Jae-Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shin
keywords: Dietary pattern; food choices; metabolic syndrome incidence; prospective study