title: Comparison of inflammatory cytokine profiles in plasma of patients undergoing otorhinological surgery with propofol or isoflurane anesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of anesthetics on cytokine release in patients without comorbidities who undergo minor surgery are not well defined. We compared inflammatory cytokine profiles in adult patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery who received isoflurane or propofol anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four patients without comorbidities undergoing minor surgery were randomly assigned to receive an inhaled anesthetic (isoflurane; n = 16) or an intravenous anesthetic (propofol; n = 18). Blood samples were drawn before premedication and anesthesia (T1), 120 min after anesthesia induction (T2), and on the first post-operative day (T3). Plasma concentrations of interleukins (IL-) 1β, 6, 8, 10 and 12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured using flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 was increased in the isoflurane group at T2 and T3 compared to T1 (P < 0.01). In the propofol group, IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly increased at T3 compared to T1. However, there were no significant differences in cytokine concentrations between the isoflurane and propofol groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An inflammatory response occurred earlier in patients who received an inhaled agent compared with an intravenous anesthetic, but no differences in plasma cytokine profiles were evident between isoflurane and propofol anesthesia in patients without comorbidities undergoing minimally invasive surgeries.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n., Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina Azer
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mazoti
authors.forename: Mariana Gobbo
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.forename: Márjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Assis Golim
authors.forename: Leandro Gobbo
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.forename: Norimar Hernandes
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Daisy Maria Favero
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Salvadori
authors.forename: José Reinaldo Cerqueira
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fecchio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D016207:Cytokines; D007530:Isoflurane; D015742:Propofol