title: Modulation of radiation-induced and mitomycin C-induced chromosome damage by apigenin in human lymphocytes in vitro.
abstract: Apigenin (APG), a flavone, is known to exhibit antioxidant, antimutagenic and antitumorigenic activity, both in vivo and in vitro. The aim of this study is to investigate the modulatory effects of APG on human lymphocytes after irradiation with gamma rays (3 Gy) or treatment with the antineoplastic agent, mitomycin C (MMC), in vitro. Cytogenetic biomarkers such as chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and cytochalasin-B blocked micronuclei (CBMN), were studied in blood lymphocytes treated with radiation, or antineoplastic agent (MMC), and APG. Whole blood lymphocytes were cultured in vitro using a standard protocol. No significant differences were found in the frequency of CAs or micronuclei (MN) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes irradiated with gamma rays (3 Gy) and then post-treated with APG. There was an increase in the frequency of SCEs per cell in APG-treated samples compared with the controls. Lymphocytes treated with MMC in the presence of APG exhibited a significant decrease (P < 0.01) in the frequency of SCEs compared with MMC treatment alone. The data for the MN test indicated that APG treatment significantly reduced (P < 0.01) the frequency of MMC-induced MN.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Toxicology and Chromosome Studies Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.
authors.forename: Narinder K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D047310:Apigenin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D008297:Male; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009153:Mutagens; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D016685:Mitomycin; D047310:Apigenin
keywords: Radiation; antimutagenic; apigenin; chromosomal aberration; cytochalasin-B blocked micronuclei; mitomycin C; sister chromatid exchange