title: Experimental study on calcium carbonate precipitation using electromagnetic field treatment.
abstract: The present study investigated the effectiveness of electromagnetic fields in preventing calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) fouling in cooling water. Four different frequencies and two different voltages were adopted to induce electromagnetic fields directly in water with constant water temperature and constant flow velocity. Artificial hard water was used. The solution conductivities decreased by 17-25% from their initial values in the electromagnetic anti-fouling treatment (EAT) cases, depending on different frequencies of electric pulses, whereas the untreated case dropped by 31%. The particle size became small and the crystal structure changed into loose style after EAT. The EAT device independently developed by the State Key Laboratory had been validated as an effective apparatus in preventing CaCO₃ fouling in cooling water.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chong Qing University 400044, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xuefei
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiapeng
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zikang
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry*; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
chemical_list: D002119:Calcium Carbonate