title: Resistance training may concomitantly benefit body composition, blood pressure and muscle MMP-2 activity on the left ventricle of high-fat fed diet rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of resistance training (RT) on body composition, systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP), and activity of muscle MMP-2 in the left ventricle of high-fat fed rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have evaluated 32 male Wistar rats divided into four experimental groups (n=8/each) according to diet and exercise status: sedentary (SED; standard diet), sedentary obese (SED-OB; diet: 30% of fat), RT (RT; standard diet) and RT obese (RT-OB; diet: 30% of fat). After weaning (day 21), animals were subjected to the experimental diet according to their groups during 24 weeks. A 12-week strength-training period was used, during which the rats climbed a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails. Sessions were performed three times/week (Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays), with 4-9 climbs/session and 8-12 dynamic movements/climb.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RT induced higher muscle MMP-2 activity in the left ventricle in RT and RT-OB groups. Moreover, this study demonstrated that RT promoted lower body and fat masses, fat percentage, systolic and diastolic BPs and higher fat free mass in both trained groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RT increased muscle MMP-2 activity in the left ventricle, induced positive changes on body composition and lowered BPs in high-fat diet fed rats, suggesting that it may be a useful tool to prevent alterations induced by high-fat diet consumption.
authors.affiliation: Departament of Physical Education, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil; Clinical and Experimental Research Laboratory in Vascular Biology (BioVasc), Biomedical Center, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: rdleite@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Richard Diego
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Rita de Cássia Marqueti
authors.initials: Rde C
authors.lastname: Durigan
authors.forename: Anderson Diogo
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: de Souza Lino
authors.forename: Markus Vinicius
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: de Souza Campos
authors.forename: Maria das Graças
authors.initials: Md
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Heloisa Silvestre
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Selistre-de-Araújo
authors.forename: Eliete
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bouskela
authors.forename: Luiz Guilherme
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Kraemer-Aguiar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
keywords: BP; Blood pressure; CL; CV; Cardiovascular risk; Carrying load; ECM; Extracellular matrix; HM:BM; Heart mass to body mass ratio; LV:BM; LV:FFM; Left ventricle; Left ventricle mass to body mass ratio; Left ventricle mass to fat free mass; MMP-2; MMPs; Matrix metallopeptidase; Metalloproteinase-2; Metalloproteinases; Obesity; RT; RT-OB; Resistance training; Resistance training group; Resistance training obese group; SED; SED-OB; Sedentary group; Sedentary obese group; TNF-α; Tumour necrosis factor-alfa