title: Circulating CD4-positive lymphocyte levels as predictor of response to induction chemotherapy in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumor regression after induction chemotherapy (ICT) identifies laryngeal cancers that are responsive to chemoradiation. Patient immune parameters have recently been associated with response to chemotherapy and may identify responding patients. A retrospective analysis was performed to determine if pretreatment, circulating T lymphocyte levels predicted ICT response in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pretreatment, circulating T lymphocyte subpopulations were correlated with response to therapy and survival. Results were compared with similar data from an identical phase II trial involving patients with oropharyngeal cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An increased percentage of CD4+ cells predicted response to ICT and suggested improved survival in patients with laryngeal, but not oropharyngeal, cancer. In the combined group of patients, increased CD4 levels predicted response to ICT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate the potential importance of the immune system in chemotherapy response and clinical outcome. Differences in findings between patients with advanced laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer may reflect different cellular immunity function in the patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-16+ oropharyngeal cancer.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Nicholas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Dewyer
authors.forename: Gregory T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Light
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Worden
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urba
authors.forename: Avraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eisbruch
authors.forename: Carol R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bradford
authors.forename: Douglas B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Chepeha
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Prince
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moyer
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D060828:Induction Chemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy / Q000379:methods; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: T lymphocytes; chemotherapy; immunity; laryngeal cancer; oropharyngeal cancer