title: The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation through mechanisms involving mitochondria and oscillatory Ca2+ waves.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) is one of the most studied nuclear receptor since its identification as a target to treat metabolic and neurological diseases. In addition to exerting anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, PPAR-γ agonists, such as the insulin-sensitizing drug pioglitazone, promote the differentiation of oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelin-forming cells of the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, PPAR-γ agonists increase OL mitochondrial respiratory chain activity and OL's ability to respond to environmental signals with oscillatory Ca2+ waves. Both OL maturation and oscillatory Ca2+ waves are prevented by the mitochondrial inhibitor rotenone and restored by PPAR-γ agonists, suggesting that PPAR-γ promotes myelination through mechanisms involving mitochondria.
authors.forename: Antonietta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernardo
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Simone
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Nuccio
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Visentin
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Minghetti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000378:metabolism; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000819:agonists / Q000502:physiology*; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D047495:PPAR gamma; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077205:Pioglitazone