title: Parenteral monofluorophosphate (MFP) is a more potent inducer of enamel fluorotic defects in neonatal hamster molars than sodium fluoride.
abstract: Supra-optimal intake of sodium fluoride (NaF) during early childhood results in formation of irreversible enamel defects. Monofluorophosphate (MFP) was considered as less toxic than NaF but equally cariostatic. We compared the potency of MFP and NaF to induce pre-eruptive sub-ameloblastic cysts and post-eruptive white spots and pits in developing hamster enamel. Hamster pups were injected subcutaneously with either NaF or MFP in equimolar doses of either 9 mg or 18 mg F/kg body weight. At 9 mg F/kg, MFP induced more but smaller sub-ameloblastic cysts with a collective cyst volume twice as large as that induced by NaF. Eight days after F injection, all F-injected groups had formed 4-6 white spots per molar, with an additional 2 pits per molar in the low MFP group. Twenty-eight days after injection, most white spots had turned into pits (5-6 per molar) and only the high MFP group still contained 2 white spots per molar. We conclude that parenterally applied MFP is more potent in inducing enamel defects than NaF. Most white spots formed turn into pits by functional use of the dentition. The higher potency of parenteral MFP may be associated with sustained elevated F levels in the enamel organ by enzymatic hydrolysis of MFP by alkaline phosphatase activity.
authors.affiliation: Department Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry in Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Research Institute MOVE, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Donacian M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lyaruu
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schoonderwoerd
authors.forename: Dane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tio
authors.forename: Chukan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Theodore J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Bervoets
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: DenBesten
authors.forename: Antonius L J J
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bronckers
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D006224:Cricetinae; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D010710:Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; C012980:fluorophosphate; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D005459:Fluorides