title: Why cellular stress suppresses adipogenesis in skeletal tissue, but is ineffective in adipose tissue: control of mesenchymal cell differentiation via integrin binding sites in extracellular matrices.
abstract: This Perspective addresses one of the major puzzles of adipogenesis in adipose tissue, namely its resistance to cellular stress. It introduces a concept of "density" of integrin binding sites in extracellular matrix, proposes a cellular signaling explanation for the observed effects of matrix elasticity and of cell shape on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, and discusses how specialized integrin binding sites in collagen IV-containing matrices guard two pivotal physiological and evolutionary processes: stress-resistant adipogenesis in adipose tissues and preservation of pluripotency of mesenchymal stem-like cells in their storage niches. Finally, it proposes strategies to suppress adipogenesis in adipose tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: vladimir_volloch@hms.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Volloch
authors.forename: Bjorn R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Olsen
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016023:Integrins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D016023:Integrins; D003094:Collagen
keywords: Adipogenesis; Cell differentiation; Integrin binding sites; Osteogenesis; Stress response