title: Serum uric acid in relation to serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol levels in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between serum levels of uric acid (UA) and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) in elderly subjects (60 years or older; mean age, 73.0±7.2 years) with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with DM (n=97) and without DM (n=360) were recruited from among our outpatients (estimated glomerular filtration rate≥45 mL min⁻¹ 1.73 m⁻², and urine protein equivalent to <1.0 g/L), and a cross-sectional study was performed with simple linear regression and stepwise multiple linear regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean serum UA levels of men were significantly higher than those of women in both groups. The mean serum 1,5-AG levels of men were significantly higher than those of women in the non-DM group. There were positive correlations (indicated by Pearson's correlation coefficients) between serum UA levels and 1,5-anhydroglucitol levels in all patients and in both men and women. Simple linear regression and multiple linear regression analyses showed that the serum 1,5-AG levels were significantly and positively correlated with the serum UA level in both the non-DM group and the DM group. In the non-DM group, HbA1c levels, as well as 1,5-AG levels, were positively correlated with serum UA levels. Furthermore, the correlation between 1,5-AG and UA levels was stronger in subjects with DM than in subjects without DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the serum 1,5-AG level is an independent factor associated with serum UA levels in the nondiabetic state, as in DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: otoshi@nms.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Motoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ouchi
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oba
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Kazuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motoyama
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sekimizu
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Igari
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D003847:Deoxyglucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D014527:Uric Acid; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human; C006584:1,5-anhydroglucitol
keywords: 1,5-AG; 1,5-Anhydroglucitol; 1,5-anhydroglucitol; DM; FPG; GLUT9; Glucosuria; JDS; Japan Diabetes Society; NGSP; NGT; National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program; Renal threshold; SGLT; SGLT2 inhibitor; SLC; UA; URAT1; Uric acid; diabetes mellitus; eGFR; estimated glomerular filtration rate; fasting plasma glucose; glucose transporter 9; normal glucose tolerance; sodium-glucose co-transporter; solute carrier; urate transporter 1; uric acid