title: Polymeric membranes: surface modification for minimizing (bio)colloidal fouling.
abstract: This paper presents an overview on recent developments in surface modification of polymer membranes for reduction of their fouling with biocolloids and organic colloids in pressure driven membrane processes. First, colloidal interactions such as London-van der Waals, electrical, hydration, hydrophobic, steric forces and membrane surface properties such as hydrophilicity, charge and surface roughness, which affect membrane fouling, have been discussed and the main goals of the membrane surface modification for fouling reduction have been outlined. Thereafter the recent studies on reduction of (bio)colloidal of polymer membranes using ultraviolet/redox initiated surface grafting, physical coating/adsorption of a protective layer on the membrane surface, chemical reactions or surface modification of polymer membranes with nanoparticles as well as using of advanced atomic force microscopy to characterize (bio)colloidal fouling have been critically summarized.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kochkodan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: n.hilal@swansea.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Nidal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hilal
mesh_terms: D057219:Biofouling / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003102:Colloids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers
keywords: Biofouling; Coating; Colloids; Grafting; Low-fouling membranes; Nanoparticles; Surface modification