title: The effect of body mass index on optimal vitamin D status in U.S. adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2006.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and optimal vitamin D status in U.S. adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on 12,927 adults 18 years and older participating in National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2001-2006 were used. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D 30 ng/mL or greater was used as a measure of vitamin D sufficiency. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate the strength of the association between BMI categories and the prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency before and after adjusting for selected characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment, overweight and obese individuals were 24% and 55%, respectively, less likely to have a 25-hydroxy vitamin D level of 30 ng/mL or greater compared with their normal-weight counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings call attention to the importance of identifying individuals at risk for vitamin D insufficiency and its potential adverse health outcomes because the latter may increase health disparities in the U.S. population. If vitamin D insufficiency is implicated for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, a vitamin D supplementation regimen would need to be readdressed, especially for segments of the U.S. population with greater BMIs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10468, USA. Lalitha.Samuel@lehman.cuny.edu
authors.forename: Lalitha
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Samuel
authors.forename: Luisa N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Borrell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D