title: A generalized health economic and outcomes research model for the evaluation of companion diagnostics and targeted therapies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present a generalized model to evaluate health and economic outcomes of targeted drug therapies and associated companion diagnostic tests with two applications.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analytical model and derivatives applied to a nonlinear equation representing the costs and benefits of targeted therapy and associated companion diagnostics is developed. Economic analysis is then applied to a breast and colorectal cancer application with a multiparameter sensitivity analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The generalized model readily facilitates trade-off analysis between, for example, alternative diagnostic test strategy cost and performance, and accounts for alternative therapy costs and benefits. Example applications demonstrate test performance and therapy costs and benefits are generally more critical parameters relative to diagnostic test cost.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While obtaining accurate data on therapy cost and benefits, test performance remains a key challenge in these analyses, the model presents key trade-offs and priorities for research to obtain more accurate clinical and economic information.
authors.affiliation: Altarum Institute, 3520 Green Court Suite 300, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA. jim.lee@altarum.org
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tollefson
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kielb
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000494:pharmacology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018803:Models, Economic; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents