title: Conversion of failed laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the literature, late complications and treatment failures in laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) have been reported. When the patient presents with failure of LAGB, surgeons have the option to convert it to a different procedure. The aim of our study is to evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of converting LAGB to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) versus laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 2008 and October 2012, a total of 54 patients underwent conversion of LAGB at our institution. Of these patients, 41 (75.9%) were converted to LRYGB, and 13 (24.1%) patients were converted to LSG. A retrospective review of a prospectively collected database was performed, noting the outcomes and complications of the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean body mass index at the time of conversion was 41.8±6.5 kg/m(2) in LRYGB and 39.0±6.6 kg/m(2) in LSG. Mean percentage of excess weight loss was 57.4%±17.0% and 62.4%±19.6% in LRYGB, and it was 47.7%±4.2% and 65.6%±34.5% in LSG at 12 months (P>.34) and 24 months (P>.79) after conversion. Of LRYGB patients, 7 (17.5%) were readmitted as a result of abdominal pain, dehydration, and nausea/vomiting, and 4 (10.0%) patients required reoperation. One LSG patient (8.3%) was readmitted for new-onset severe reflux and underwent hiatal hernia repair. She was converted to LRYGB 32 months after the LSG procedure. Readmission rate (P>.61) and reoperation rate (P>.63) did not show statistical difference between the 2 procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Converting LAGB to LSG and LRYGB both seem feasible and resulted in substantial further weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bariatric Surgery, Orlando Regional Medical Center & Bariatric and Laparoscopy Center, Orlando Health, Orlando, Florida.
authors.forename: Rena C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Andre F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Muhammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jawad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000713:Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D015391:Gastroplasty / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
keywords: Complications; Conversion; Gastric banding; Gastric bypass; Revision; Sleeve gastrectomy; Weight regain