title: Increases in oxidized low-density lipoprotein and other inflammatory and adhesion molecules with a concomitant decrease in high-density lipoprotein in the individuals exposed to arsenic in Bangladesh.
abstract: Elevated exposure to arsenic has been suggested to be associated with atherosclerosis leading to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, biochemical events underlying the arsenic-induced atherosclerosis have not yet been fully documented. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of circulating molecules involved in atherosclerosis with arsenic exposure in the individuals exposed to arsenic in Bangladesh. A total of 324 study subjects, 218 from arsenic-endemic areas and 106 from nonendemic areas in Bangladesh, were recruited. Drinking water, hair, nail, and blood samples were collected from the study subjects for analysis. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were lower in arsenic-endemic subjects than those of nonendemic subjects. Oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL), C-reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels were significantly higher in arsenic-endemic subjects than those in nonendemic subjects. All these circulating molecules showed significant correlations with arsenic exposure (water, hair, and nail arsenic concentrations), and all these relations were significant before and after adjusting for relevant covariates. Among the circulating molecules tested in this study, HDL, Ox-LDL, and CRP showed dose-response relationships with arsenic exposure. Ox-LDL/HDL ratios were increased with the increasing concentrations of arsenic in the water, hair, and nails. Furthermore, non-HDL cholesterol and TC/HDL ratios were significantly correlated with arsenic exposure before and after adjusting for relevant covariates. Thus, all the observed associations may be the major features of arsenic exposure-related atherosclerosis leading to CVD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Rezaul
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Karim
authors.forename: Mashiur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Khairul
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Abdullah Al
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mamun
authors.forename: Shakhawoat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Ekhtear
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.forename: Fouzia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yeasmin
authors.forename: Smita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Md Imam
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Zahangir Alam
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Saud
authors.forename: Farjana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nikkon
authors.forename: Mostaque
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Abul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.forename: Richard O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Parvez I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Haris
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyataka
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Himeno
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hossain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001151:Arsenic / Q000633:toxicity*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Bangladesh; adhesion molecules; arsenic; atherosclerosis; high-density lipoprotein; oxidized low-density lipoprotein.