title: Longitudinal predictors of human papillomavirus vaccination among a national sample of adolescent males.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a longitudinal study to examine human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among male adolescents and to identify vaccination predictors.
  
  
  METHODS
  In fall 2010 and 2011, a national sample of parents with sons aged 11 to 17 years (n = 327) and their sons (n = 228) completed online surveys. We used logistic regression to identify predictors of HPV vaccination that occurred between baseline and follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 2% of sons had received any doses of HPV vaccine at baseline, with an increase to 8% by follow-up. About 55% of parents who had ever received a doctor's recommendation to get their sons HPV vaccine did vaccinate between baseline and follow-up, compared with only 1% of parents without a recommendation. Fathers (odds ratio = 0.29; 95% confidence interval = 0.09, 0.80) and non-Hispanic White parents (odds ratio = 0.29; 95% confidence interval = 0.11, 0.76) were less likely to have vaccinated sons. Willingness to get sons HPV vaccine decreased from baseline to follow-up among parents (P < .001) and sons (P = .003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vaccination against HPV remained low in our study and willingness to vaccinate may be decreasing. Physician recommendation and education about HPV vaccine for males may be key strategies for improving vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 1590 North High St, Suite 525, Columbus, OH 43201, USA. paul.reiter@osumc.edu
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Reiter
authors.forename: Annie-Laurie
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: McRee
authors.forename: Jessica K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Pepper
authors.forename: Melissa B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Gilkey
authors.forename: Kayoll V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Galbraith
authors.forename: Noel T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Brewer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines