title: Imaging of the lamina cribrosa in glaucoma: perspectives of pathogenesis and clinical applications.
abstract: The lamina cribrosa (LC) is a sieve-like structure in the sclera where retinal ganglion cell axons exit from the eye. The LC has been known to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. With the advent of imaging technologies, such as enhanced depth imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables us to unveil the LC in vivo features. The application of adaptive optics technology and a compensatory image-processing algorithm has further improved the visualization of the beams and pores and neural pathways of the LC and the scleral insertion sites. Monitoring the changes of these structures in relation to acute and chronic elevation of intraocular pressure would be germane to decipher the relationship between the stress and strain response of the LC and optic nerve damage and improve our understanding of glaucoma pathophysiology. While the impact of investigating the integrity of LC is substantive, considerable challenges remain for imaging the LC. Nevertheless, with the rapid development of the OCT technology, it is expected that some of these limitations can be overcome and the potentials of LC imaging will be unraveled.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Woo
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kagemann
authors.forename: Michaël J A
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.forename: Nicholas G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Strouthidis
authors.forename: Kyung Rim
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Christopher K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Joel S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Schuman
authors.forename: Gadi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wollstein
mesh_terms: D005901:Glaucoma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D012590:Sclera / Q000473:pathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends