title: Structure and anti-inflammatory capacity of peptidoglycan from Lactobacillus acidophilus in RAW-264.7 cells.
abstract: Probiotic bacteria, especially the Lactobacillus species, can potentially play a significant role in the antiviral and antimicrobial activity of a host's immune system. Lactobacillus acidophilus, an intestinal bacterium, is involved in the intestinal epithelial cell response when a pathogen adheres to a cell. In this study, the structure of peptidoglycan (PGN) isolated from L. acidophilus was determined with the help of HPLC, NMR, FT-IR and MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. The molecular mass of PGN is 875.260 Da. The anti-inflammatory capacity of PGN was evaluated in model RAW 264.7 cells. Epifluorescence microscopy images and western blot analysis provided compelling evidence of PGN's anti-inflammatory capacity on LPS-induced macrophages. A significant decrease in inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels when PGN was added up to 200 μg/ml. These data provide new insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which probiotic bacteria can contribute to maintaining good health.
authors.affiliation: Food Science & Nutrition Department, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Dao-Dong
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Yuxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xiaoqun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2