title: Antioxidant, hepatoprotective and hypolipidemic effects of methanolic root extract of Cassia singueana in rats following acute and chronic carbon tetrachloride intoxication.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate in vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of the methanolic extract of the root of Cassia singueana in rats following acute and chronic carbon tetrachloride intoxication.
  
  
  METHODS
  Malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin as indices of liver damage and lipid peroxidation were detected in rats after intraperitoneal administration of extract (5 mg/kg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The liver, kidney and heart showed significant reduction (P<0.05) in the levels of MDA from (0.18±0.04), (0.23±0.07) and (0.26±0.10) nmol/mg respectively in the CCl4 control to (0.15±0.03), (0.17±0.04) and (0.17±0.07) nmol/mg protein in groups pre-treated with the extract for three days at 5 mg/kg). Similarly, compared to the CCl4 control, significant reduction (P<0.05) in serum AST, ALT and bilirubin as well as in level of total cholesterol and MDA with concomitant increase in HDL cholesterol, superoxide dismutase and catalase levels when CCl4-intoxicated rats were treated with Cassia singueana root extract for two weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that methanolic extract of Cassia singueana contain potent antioxidant compounds that can offer significant protection against hepatic and oxidative injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
authors.forename: O J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Ottu
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Atawodi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Onyike
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002366:Cassia / Q000737:chemistry*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D000975:Antioxidants; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D001663:Bilirubin