title: Complications of pneumoconiosis: radiologic overview.
abstract: A wide spectrum of pulmonary complications occurs in patients with pneumoconiosis. Those complications include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hemoptysis, pneumothorax, pleural disease, tuberculosis, autoimmune disease, anthracofibrosis, chronic interstitial pneumonia, and malignancy. Generally, imaging workup starts with plain chest radiography. However, sometimes, plain radiography has limited role in the diagnosis of pulmonary complications of pneumoconiosis because of overlapping pneumoconiotic infiltration. Computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are potentially helpful for the detection of pulmonary complications in patients with pneumoconiosis. CT, with its excellent contrast resolution, is more sensitive and specific method than plain radiograph in the evaluation of pulmonary abnormalities. CT is useful in detecting lung parenchymal abnormalities caused by infection, anthracofibrosis, and chronic interstitial pneumonia. Also, CT is valuable in distinguishing localized pneumothorax from bullae and aiding the identification of multiloculated effusions. US can be used in detection of complicated pleural effusions and guidance of the thoracentesis procedure. MRI is useful for differentiating between progressive massive fibrosis and lung cancer. Radiologists need to be familiar with the radiologic and clinical manifestations of, as well as diagnostic approaches to, complications associated with pneumoconiosis. Knowledge of the various imaging features of pulmonary complications of pneumoconiosis can enhance early diagnosis and improve the chance to cure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Sup
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Jung Im
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Hyo Rim
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myeong Im
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Dae Hee
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jeong Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Seog Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hae Giu
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Jung-Wan
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Koo
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011009:Pneumoconiosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Complication; Pneumoconiosis; Radiology