title: Time course for memory dysfunction in early-life and late-life major depression: a longitudinal study from the Juntendo University Mood Disorder Project.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with depression also have memory dysfunctions during depressive episodes. These dysfunctions partially remain immediately after remission from a depressive state; however, it is unclear whether these residual memory dysfunctions may disappear through long-term remission from depression. The present study compared patients during early-life (age<60) and late-life (age ≥ 60) depression while in their remitted stage with healthy controls to elucidate the impact of a long-term course on memory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Logical memory from the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised was administered to 67 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) (47 patients with early-life depression and residual 20 patients with late-life depression) and 50 healthy controls. MDD patients received memory assessments at the time of their initial remission and at a follow-up three years after remission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the time of initial remission, scores for logical memory were significantly lower in both patient groups compared to matched controls. At follow-up, memory dysfunction for early-life MDD patients disappeared, whereas scores in the late-life MDD group remained significantly lower than those of matched controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All patients in the present study were on antidepressant medications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggested that the progress of memory performance in late-life MDD patients may be different from early-life MDD patients.
authors.affiliation: Juntendo University Mood Disorder Project (JUMP), Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeshima
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Satomura
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Namekawa
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takebayashi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.forename: Toshihito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.forename: Heii
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012074:Remission Induction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents
keywords: Depression; Earlier life depression; Late life depression; Longitudinal; Memory; Remission