title: Effect of Jinlong capsule on proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the possible roles of Jinlong capsule (JLC) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3.
  
  
  METHODS
  The human pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 were treated with JLC at the concentration of 0.05-1.00 mg/mL for 24-120 h. The inhibition rate of JLC on human pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethiylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Flow cytometry was employed to measure cell apoptosis using Annexin V-FITC/Propidium iodide (AV-FITC/PI) method. Cell cycles were determined by PI staining. The expression of 5100 Calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4) in cell matrix was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of apoptosis-related protein such as BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) and Cys-teinylaspartate specific proteinase 3 (Caspase-3) were detected by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  JLC significantly inhibited the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. JLC promoted cell apoptosis and maintained cell cycle in S and G2/M phase rather than G1/G0 phase. The expression of 5100A4 in the cell matrix was reduced. The expression of cell apoptotic protein BNIP3 was increased while Bcl-2 was decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  JLC can inhibit the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 by stimulating cell apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle at S and G2/M phase which blocks the circulation of normal cell cycle and reducing the expression of S100A4 protein. Higher pro-apoptosis protein BNIP3 and lower anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 levels were found, which may be related to the apoptotic effects of JLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Guang'an men Hospital Affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Yaoyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jieqing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yonghe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002214:Capsules / Q000494:pharmacology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; C552037:jinlong