title: Antibodies in transplantation: the effects of HLA and non-HLA antibody binding and mechanisms of injury.
abstract: Until recently, allograft rejection was thought to be mediated primarily by alloreactive T cells. Consequently, immunosuppressive approaches focused on inhibition of T cell activation. While short-term graft survival has significantly improved and rejection rates have dropped, acute rejection has not been eliminated and chronic rejection remains the major threat to long-term graft survival. Increased attention to humoral immunity in experimental systems and in the clinic has revealed that donor specific antibodies (DSA) can mediate and promote acute and chronic rejection. Herein, we detail the effects of alloantibody, particularly HLA antibody, binding to graft vascular and other cells, and briefly summarize the experimental methods used to assess such outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA Immunogenetics Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Valenzuela
authors.forename: Elaine F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Reed
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000379:methods*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D006680:HLA Antigens; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents