title: Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children: a spectrum of radiologic findings.
abstract: Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is a well known entity in adults but is exceedingly rare in children. It is better described in adults than in children. We describe the current understanding of PLCH in children and a spectrum of radiological findings of PLCH in the paediatric population. On high resolution computed tomography (HRCT), PLCH may have variable appearance depending on the stage of disease, ranging from small interstitial nodular opacities to multiple thin/thick walled cysts (often bizarre in shape), eventually leading to marked parenchymal fibrosis and honeycomb pattern. CT finding of PLCH is similar in adult and paediatric populations with the exception that lung base near the costophrenic angle is spared in adults but almost always involved in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi 110001, India. Electronic address: dr_shahinaindia@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Shahina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bano
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Employees' State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Model Hospital, Gurgaon 122001, Haryana, India. Electronic address: dr_vikaschaudhary@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi 110001, India. Electronic address: narulamk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mahender Kaur
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Narula
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi 110001, India. Electronic address: rama_home@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Rama
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi 110001, India. Electronic address: venkatesanbhuvana@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Bhuvaneswari
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Venkatesan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, New Delhi 110002, India. Electronic address: shramana@hotmail.co.in.
authors.forename: Shramana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, New Delhi 110002, India. Electronic address: drkaushik.m@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kaushik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Majumdar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006646:Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D056888:Patient Positioning / Q000379:methods*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Chest X-ray (CXR); High resolution computed tomography (HRCT); Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH); Paediatric population; Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH)