title: [Incidence and characteristics of perioperative pulmonary thromboembolism in Japan from 2009 through 2011 -the results of perioperative pulmonary thromboembolism research by the Japanese society of anesthesiologists (JSA-PTE research) --].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was designed to investigate the annual incidence and characteristics of perioperative pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in Japan from 2009 through 2011, and to compare the current trend with that observed in our previous studies conducted since 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the 3-year study period, a questionnaire was annually mailed to all institutions certified as training hospitals for anesthesiologists by the Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists (JSA). The survey included the parameters of age, sex, type of surgery, and the risk factors in patients who were operated upon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The questionnaire was sent out to total of 3,556 institutions and obtained answers from 2,511 institutions (70.6%) in the 3-year study period. Total 4,432,538 surgeries were conducted and 1,300 cases (0.03%) of perioperative PTE were registered. The incidence of PTE in all the 3 years was significantly lower than that observed in 2002-2003 (P<0.01). In addition, the mortality in 2011 was also significantly lower than that in 2002-2003 (P<0.05). The incidence of PTE in females (0.04%) was twice of the incidence of males (0.02%). The types of surgery with higher incidence of perioperative PTE were "thoracotomy with laparotomy" (0.08%),"hip joint, limbs" (0.07%) and"craniotomy" (0.06%). Compared with the middle age group (19-65 year-old), the incidence of PTE was twice in the elderly's (66-85 year-old) and in the super-elderly (over 86 year-old) it was thrice. In this survey, most approved risk factors were obesity (44%), malignancy (35%) and long term bed-rest (26%), and the ratio of long term bed-rest was decreasing compared with 2008. In the PTE cases, the ratio of the patients who received anticoagulant drugs (29-30%) or IVC filters placement (4-5%) increased compared with the results of JSA-PTE research in 2008 (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence and mortality of perioperative PTE decreased;although the factor of decrease in an incidence was considered to be the result of preventive method, as in the decrease in the mortality, the survey should be continued.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kitasato University, School of Medicine, Sagamihara 252-0374.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroiwa
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irita
authors.forename: Michiyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanuki
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuzaki
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakatsuka
authors.forename: Mashio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000458:organization & administration*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012955:Societies, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016306:Vena Cava Filters / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants