title: No evidence of jugular venous valve insufficiency in patients with migraine--a controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Migraine with aura is associated with patent foramen ovale and right-left-shunt. Jugular venous valve insufficiency is a further vascular anomaly. It is a frequent finding in transient global amnesia which is associated with migraine. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of jugular venous valve insufficiency in migraine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects included in this study were participants of the population based German Headache Study on the prevalence of primary headaches. In 36 patients with migraine with aura, 50 patients with migraine without aura and 43 controls without headaches duration of backward venous flow, peak velocity flow and diameters of the jugular venous valves were assessed by color-coded duplex and Doppler sonography and compared between groups. In all migraine patients, examination was performed between and not during migraine attacks. Therefore, 9 additional patients with chronic daily headache were investigated during headache.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We did not find statistically significant differences in duration of flow, peak velocity flow and diameter of the jugular venous valves in patients with migraine with aura (mean values 0.53 ± 0.43 sec; 35.47 ± 33.87 cm/sec; 8.84 ± 3.17 mm), migraine without aura (0.61 ± 0.63 sec; 33.39 ± 25.80 cm/sec; 8.15 ± 3.02 mm) or controls (0.64 ± 0.51 sec; 35.28 ± 31.76 cm/sec; 8.79 ± 2.97 mm) (group effects p-values >0.41). For all parameters results were the same for the left and the right side of jugular venae (side effects p-values >0.09). Also patients with chronic daily migraine with headache during the examination showed no differences to controls (0.52 ± 0.49 sec; 27.95 ± 21,75 cm/sec; 8.07 ± 2.71 mm) (all p-values > 0.23).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of internal jugular venous valve insufficiency is not increased in persons with migraine.
authors.forename: Kasja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rabe
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Küper
authors.forename: Dagny
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Holle
authors.forename: Irini
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Savidou
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kastrup
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jähne-Blasberg
authors.forename: Hans Christoph
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Diener
authors.forename: Zaza
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Katsarava
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frings
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020236:Amnesia, Transient Global / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020325:Migraine with Aura / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020326:Migraine without Aura / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*