title: Effects of fluoride on growth, body composition, and serum biochemical profile in a freshwater teleost, Cyprinus carpio.
abstract: Fluoride is ubiquitously distributed in natural waters. Elevated fluoride may cause histopathological changes and induce oxidative stress in the gills of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The present study further evaluates the effects of fluoride on growth performance, body composition, and biochemical measurements of C. carpio. The results showed that food intake, growth, serum osmolality, body composition, and biochemical measures in the blood were affected by fluoride. Weight gain rate and specific growth rate in the exposed fish decreased compared with those of the control fish. Levels of crude protein and crude lipids were reduced in the fluoride-exposed fish. The major ion levels in the sera of fluoride-exposed fish were severely disturbed, resulting in a lower osmolality. All the biochemical parameters measured in the blood were affected by the exposure to fluoride. Total protein, albumin, globulin, and glucose in fish exposed to 63.6 mg/L, 77.7 mg/L, and 124.4 mg/L were lower than those in the control fish. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were markedly increased in exposed fish compared with control. Taken together, the data showed that exposure to fluoride caused a suite of detrimental effects in C. carpio, which might lead to a decrease in growth and food utilization efficiency. The results of the present study indicated that high levels of fluoride could pose a threat to carp in the field.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jinling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Jundong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ruhui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Yundong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yongju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Lingtian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D002347:Carps / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005459:Fluorides / Q000633:toxicity*; D005618:Fresh Water; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Biochemical measurements; Common carp (Cyprinus carpio); Fluoride uptake; Growth performance; Serum osmolality