title: The two-component system CBO2306/CBO2307 is important for cold adaptation of Clostridium botulinum ATCC 3502.
abstract: Clostridium botulinum is a notorious foodborne pathogen. Its ability to adapt to and grow at low temperatures is of interest for food safety. Two-component systems (TCSs) have been reported to be involved in cold-shock and growth at low temperatures. Here we show the importance of TCS CBO2306/CBO2307 in the cold-shock response of C. botulinum ATCC 3502. The relative expression levels of the cbo2306 and cbo2307 were up to 4.4-fold induced in the cold-shocked cultures but negatively regulated in the late-log and stationary growth phase in relation to early logarithmic growth phase in non-shocked cultures. Importance of the CBO2306/CBO2307 in the cold stress was further demonstrated by impaired growth of insertional cbo2306 or cbo2307 knockout mutants in relation to the wild-type strain ATCC 3502. The results suggest that the TCS CBO2306/CBO2307 is important for cold-shock response and adaptation of C. botulinum ATCC 3502 to low temperature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, The Centre of Excellence in Microbial Food Safety Research, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: yagmur.derman@helsinki.fi.
authors.forename: Yağmur
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Derman
authors.forename: Marita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isokallio
authors.forename: Miia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindström
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Korkeala
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D003014:Clostridium botulinum / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Clostridium botulinum; Cold adaptation; Cold-shock response; Stress response; Two-component system