title: Enrollment in early intervention programs among infants born late preterm, early term, and term.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the prevalence of and characteristics associated with early intervention (EI) program enrollment among infants born late preterm (34–36 weeks’ gestation), early term (37–38 weeks’ gestation), and term (39–41 weeks’ gestation).
  
  
  METHODS
  A Massachusetts cohort of 554 974 singleton infants born during 1998 through 2005 and survived the neonatal period was followed until the third birthday of each infant. Data came from the Pregnancy to Early Life Longitudinal Data System that linked birth certificates, birth hospital discharge reports, death certificates, and EI program enrollment records. We calculated prevalence and adjusted risk ratios to compare differences and understand associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of EI program enrollment increased with each decreasing week of gestation before 41 weeks (late preterm [23.5%],early term [14.9%], and term [11.9%]. In adjusted analyses, the strongest predictors of EI enrollment (adjusted risk ratio ≥1.20) for all gestational age groups were male gender, having a congenital anomaly, and having mothers who were ≥40 years old, non high school graduates, and recipients of public insurance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infants born late preterm and early term have higher prevalence of EI program services enrollment than infants born at term,and may benefit from more frequent monitoring for developmental delays or disabilities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shapiro-Mendoza
authors.forename: Milton
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kotelchuck
authors.forename: Wanda
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barfield
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Davin
authors.forename: Hafsatou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Diop
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Manning
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts; D008423:Maternal Age; D014600:Utilization Review