title: Measuring individual work performance: identifying and selecting indicators.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Theoretically, individual work performance (IWP) can be divided into four dimensions: task performance, contextual performance, adaptive performance, and counterproductive work behavior. However, there is no consensus on the indicators used to measure these dimensions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to (1) identify indicators for each dimension, (2) select the most relevant indicators, and (3) determine the relative weight of each dimension in ratings of work performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  IWP indicators were identified from multiple research disciplines, via literature, existing questionnaires, and expert interviews. Subsequently, experts selected the most relevant indicators per dimension and scored the relative weight of each dimension in ratings of IWP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 128 unique indicators were identified. Twenty-three of these indicators were selected by experts as most relevant for measuring IWP. Task performance determined 36% of the work performance rating, while the other three dimensions respectively determined 22%, 20% and 21% of the rating.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Notable consensus was found on relevant indicators of IWP, reducing the number from 128 to 23 relevant indicators. This provides an important step towards the development of a standardized, generic and short measurement instrument for assessing IWP.
authors.affiliation: Body@Work, Research Center for Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Expertise Center Life Style, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Koopmans
authors.affiliation: Body@Work, Research Center for Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Expertise Center Life Style, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Claire M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bernaards
authors.affiliation: Body@Work, Research Center for Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Expertise Center Life Style, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Vincent H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Hildebrandt
authors.affiliation: Body@Work, Research Center for Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henrica C W
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: de Vet
authors.affiliation: Body@Work, Research Center for Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Allard J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: van der Beek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior; D004526:Efficiency; D004650:Employee Performance Appraisal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D011340:Problem Solving; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D017132:Workplace / Q000458:organization & administration
keywords: Job performance; measurement; questionnaire