title: Non-neuronal release of gamma-aminobutyric Acid by embryonic pluripotent stem cells.
abstract: γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), the principle inhibitory transmitter in the mature central nervous system, is also involved in activities outside the nervous system. Recent studies have shown that functional GABA receptors are expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells and these receptors control ES cell proliferation. However, it is not clear whether ES cells have their own GABAergic transmission output machinery that can fulfill GABA release or whether the cells merely process the GABA receptors by receiving and responding to the diffused GABA released elsewhere. To get further insight into this unresolved problem, we detected the repertoire of components for GABA synthesis, storage, reaction, and termination in ES and embryonal carcinoma stem cells by biological assays, and then directly quantified released GABA in the intercellular milieu from these pluripotent stem (PS) cells by an analytical chemical assay based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). We found that embryonic PS cells processed a GABAergic circuit machinery and spontaneously released GABA, which suggests the potential that embryonic PS cells could autonomously establish a GABA niche via release of the transmitter.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China .
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Ya-Bin
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Shi-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xin-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hao-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yong-Yao
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Jin-Jia
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hong-Zhuan
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000612:4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D054278:Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018079:Receptors, GABA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D050495:Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D018079:Receptors, GABA; D050495:Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins; C492244:Viaat protein, mouse; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000612:4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; C402565:glutamate decarboxylase 1; C401141:glutamate decarboxylase 2