title: Reversing charges or how to improve Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells culture on polyelectrolyte multilayer films.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEMs) films made of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) as polycation and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) as polyanion, with a PAH ending layer, can be used as a coating in order to improve the anti-thrombogenicity and patency of vascular grafts in vascular engineering field. They induce strong adhesion of mature endothelial cells on glass, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and cryopreserved arteries. Despite their outstanding effect on mature and progenitor endothelial cells, PEMs ending with PAH showed a poor outcome on Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) culture.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to examine the influence of the ending charge of PEMs on WJ-MSCs behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  WJ-MSCs amplified until the 3rd passage were seeded and cultured on (PAH-PSS)3-PAH and on (PAH-PSS)4 coated glass for 10 days. Stem cell phenotype was checked by flow cytometry and cell morphology was followed by bright field microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flow cytometry analysis showed that WJ-MSCs were positive for MSC's markers CD73, CD90 and CD105 and negative for hematopoietic markers CD34 and CD45. Light microscopy showed development of nodule-like structures after 10 days of culture on (PAH-PSS)3-PAH, which resulted in a disturbance of cell monolayer. Whereas WJ-MSCs cultured on (PAH-PSS)4 ending with PSS showed a normal cell growth like on collagen and reached confluence after 10 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The culture surface seems to have a determining role in WJ-MSC's "spatial" behavior, which could be considered in the field of tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Faculté de Médecine, UMR 7365, CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Biopôle, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rammal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beroud
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gentils
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Labrude
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Menu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kerdjoudj
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Velot
mesh_terms: D015720:5'-Nucleotidase / Q000032:analysis; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048430:Cell Shape; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry; D000071063:Endoglin; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000032:analysis; D013499:Surface Properties; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015720:5'-Nucleotidase; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002412:Cations; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D000071063:Endoglin; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D011073:Polyamines; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens; C064206:ENG protein, human; C063994:polyallylamine; C003321:polystyrene sulfonic acid; C516769:PTPRC protein, human; C548241:NT5E protein, human