title: Population-based incidence of invasive haemophilus influenzae and pneumococcal diseases before the introduction of vaccines in Japan.
abstract: Before the introduction of vaccines, the incidence of bacterial meningitis among children aged 28 days to 5 years was 8.48, Haemophilus influenzae type-b meningitis was 5.65 and Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis was 1.85 per 100,000 person-years in Hokkaido, Japan. The incidence of bacteremia caused by S. pneumoniae was 60.15 and H. influenzae was 18.80.
authors.affiliation: From the *Okinawa University, Institute for Regional Studies, Okinawa; and †Sapporo City University, School of Nursing, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Riko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Togashi
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines