title: PolyNaSS bioactivation of LARS artificial ligament promotes human ligament fibroblast colonisation in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Introduction of a new generation of artificial ligaments for ACL reconstruction, the Ligament Augmentation and Reconstruction System (LARS), gives promising clinical results [1]. The current literature supports the use of LARS from short to medium term. To go even further to improve the biocompatibility of this biomaterial, poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (polyNaSS) was grafted onto its surface. Studies using sheep animal model showed improvement of knee functionalities with this grafted artificial ligament and a better adhesion of human cell lines.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To better understand this in vivo improvement of integration with the bioactivated artificial prosthesis, in vitro studies were leaded using human ligament fibroblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human ligament fibroblasts isolated from human ruptured ACL were amplified and seeded onto poly(NaSS) grafted and non-grafted PET scaffold (Lars ligament) under standard culture conditions. Cellularized fibers were observed under scanning electron microscopy and histological and immunohistological studies were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cells are localized around the grafted PET fibers of the bioactive ligament and penetrate in the scaffold. On ungrafted fibers, cells stay around the scaffold. On grafted fibers, collagen I appears strongly organized whereas is thin and dispersed on non grafted fibers. Finally, grafting altered localization of decorin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PolyNaSS grafting enhances human ligament fibroblast organisation in vitro in contact with biomaterial and improves collagen and decorin deposits around fibers.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Polymères de Spécialité, CSPBAT CNRS UMR 7244, Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR SMBH, Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Soucounda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lessim
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Migonney
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thoreux
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lutomski
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Changotade
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000166:cytology*; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000032:analysis; D058575:Decorin / Q000032:analysis; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008875:Middle Aged; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013499:Surface Properties; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D024042:Collagen Type I; C546878:DCN protein, human; D058575:Decorin; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D011137:Polystyrenes; C003321:polystyrene sulfonic acid