title: Prognostic significance of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2/neu, Ki-67, and nm23 expression in patients with invasive breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prognostic significance of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2/neu, Ki-67, and nm23 immunohistochemical expression with respect to progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in Turkish patients with invasive breast cancer (IBC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with IBC (n = 81; mean age = 51.9 ± 11.1 years) were prospectively enrolled at the Department of Oncology, Uludag University Medical Center, Bursa, Turkey. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin- fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We did not find any significant association between immunohistochemical expression of ER, PR, HER2/ neu, Ki-67, and nm23 and the baseline characteristics of IBC patients. The median patient PFS was 30 months (range 22-45), and the median OS was 32 months (range 23-46). Stratification of the patient population according to nm23 immunohistochemical expression revealed a statistically significant difference in terms of both OS (p < 0.05) and DFS (p < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that tumor grade, axillary lymph node status, and nm23 immunohistochemical expression were the 3 main independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS in IBC patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduced nm23 immunohistochemical expression is an independent negative prognostic factor for OS and PFS. Patients with negative nm23 expression may require a more intensive follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Sevket Yilmaz Education and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cubukcu
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kanat
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fatih Olmez
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kabul
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canhoroz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Avci
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deligonul
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hartavi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cubukcu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Olmez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kurt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Evrensel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gokgoz
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Manavoglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases / Q000032:analysis*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human; C517938:NME1 protein, human