title: Reference ranges of PR duration and P-wave indices in individuals free of cardiovascular disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
abstract: In this brief report, we provide normal reference ranges for PR duration [unadjusted and heart rate adjusted] and P-wave indices [duration, amplitude and terminal force in V1] in individuals free of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. We used automatically processed digital ECG data from 1252 US participants [mean age 59 (± 10) years, 738 women, 588 whites, 207 African-Americans, 217 Hispanics, 240 Chinese] from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis [MESA]. In multivariable adjusted linear regression models with PR and each P-wave variable as a separate outcome, significant age, sex and race differences in these markers were observed. Subsequently, we report reference ranges for abnormal [2nd and 98th percentiles], borderline abnormal [5th and 95th percentiles] and mean [SD] values of PR and P-wave indices stratified by age [middle age (45-64 years) and seniors (65-84 years)], sex [men and women] and race [whites, African Americans, Hispanics and Chinese].
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. Electronic address: esoliman@wfubmc.edu.
authors.forename: Elsayed Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Misialek
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Karol E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Donald M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lloyd-Jones
authors.forename: Joao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shea
authors.forename: Gregory L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Heckbert
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001213:Asian / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: MESA; P-wave indices; PR interval