title: Intake of soy products and other foods and gastric cancer risk: a prospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastric cancer, the most common cancer in the world, is affected by some foods or food groups. We examined the relationship between dietary intake and stomach cancer risk in the Korean Multi-Center Cancer Cohort (KMCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The KMCC included 19 688 Korean men and women who were enrolled from 1993 to 2004. Of those subjects, 9724 completed a brief 14-food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Through record linkage with the Korean Central Cancer Registry and National Death Certificate databases, we documented 166 gastric cancer cases as of December 31, 2008. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Frequent intake of soybean/tofu was significantly associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer, after adjustment for age, sex, cigarette smoking, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and area of residence (P for trend = 0.036). We found a significant inverse association between soybean/tofu intake and gastric cancer risk among women (RR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22-0.78). Men with a high soybean/tofu intake had a lower risk of gastric cancer, but the reduction was not statistically significant (RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.52-1.13). There was no interaction between soybean/tofu intake and cigarette smoking in relation to gastric cancer risk (P for interaction = 0.268).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frequent soybean/tofu intake was associated with lower risk of gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Pil
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Sue K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jae Jeong
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Seung Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gwack
authors.forename: Aesun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: YeonJu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Daehee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Soung-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Hai-Rim
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Keun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D045730:Soy Foods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*