title: Measles outbreak spreading from the community to an anthroposophic school, Berlin, 2011.
abstract: Between April and July 2011 there was an outbreak of measles virus, genotype D4, in Berlin, Germany. We identified 73 case-patients from the community and among students of an anthroposophic school, who participated in a 4-day school trip, as well as their family and friends. Overall, 27% were aged ≥ 20 years, 57% were female and 15% were hospitalized. Of 39 community case-patients, 38% were aged ≥ 20 years, 67% were female and 63% required hospitalization. Unvaccinated students returning from the school trip were excluded from school, limiting transmission. Within the group of 55 school-trip participants, including 20 measles case-patients, a measles vaccine effectiveness of 97.1% (95% confidence interval 83.4-100) for two doses was estimated using exact Poisson regression. Our findings support school exclusions and the recommendation of one-dose catch-up vaccination for everyone born after 1970 with incomplete or unknown vaccination status, in addition to the two-dose routine childhood immunization recommendation.
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gillesberg Lassen
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.affiliation: District Public Health Authority, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stemmler
authors.affiliation: Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steinmüller
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Matysiak-Klose
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, National Reference Centre Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mankertz
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, National Reference Centre Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santibanez
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Wichmann
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Falkenhorst
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001604:Berlin; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012574:Schools; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine