title: The effect of excision of the posterior arch of C1 on C1/C2 fusion using transarticular screws.
abstract: Transarticular screw fixation with autograft is an established procedure for the surgical treatment of atlantoaxial instability. Removal of the posterior arch of C1 may affect the rate of fusion. This study assessed the rate of atlantoaxial fusion using transarticular screws with or without removal of the posterior arch of C1. We reviewed 30 consecutive patients who underwent atlantoaxial fusion with a minimum follow-up of two years. In 25 patients (group A) the posterior arch of C1 was not excised (group A) and in five it was (group B). Fusion was assessed on static and dynamic radiographs. In selected patients CT imaging was also used to assess fusion and the position of the screws. There were 15 men and 15 women with a mean age of 51.2 years (23 to 77) and a mean follow-up of 7.7 years (2 to 11.6). Stable union with a solid fusion or a stable fibrous union was achieved in 29 patients (97%). In Group A, 20 patients (80%) achieved a solid fusion, four (16%) a stable fibrous union and one (4%) a nonunion. In Group B, stable union was achieved in all patients, three having a solid fusion and two a stable fibrous union. There was no statistically significant difference between the status of fusion in the two groups. Complications were noted in 12 patients (40%); these were mainly related to the screws, and included malpositioning and breakage. The presence of an intact or removed posterior arch of C1 did not affect the rate of fusion in patients with atlantoaxial instability undergoing C1/C2 fusion using transarticular screws and autograft.
authors.affiliation: DEMC Specialist Hospital, 4, JLN IKHTISAS, Seksyen 14, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Samartzis
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Fuego
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dhatt
authors.forename: Y W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: K D K
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Luk
authors.forename: K M C
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001268:Atlanto-Axial Joint / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D001863:Bone Screws / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Arch excision; Arthrodesis; Atlantoaxial; C1/C2; Fusion; Transarticular