title: Primary bladder preservation treatment for urothelial bladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Significant advancements have occurred in surgical procedures and chemoradiation therapy for bladder preservation.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review addresses primary treatment options for bladder cancer, including an overview of bladder-sparing strategies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surgical series demonstrate that highly selected patients with cT2N0M0 urothelial bladder cancers can be managed with partial cystectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. For patients with cT2N0M0 to cT4aN0M0 urothelial bladder cancers, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy or maximal transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by chemoradiation therapy results in equivalent survival rates. However, each treatment option has a different impact on quality of life. Current chemoradiation therapy trials are evaluating novel approaches to improve outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maximal TURBT followed by chemoradiation therapy demonstrated equivalent survival with radical cystectomy while preserving bladder function in the majority of patients. Future efforts will be directed toward improving survival and quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. Matthew.Biagioli@Moffitt.org
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Biagioli
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Philippe E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Spiess
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Wilder
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments; D011379:Prognosis; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*