title: Tracing the geographic origin of beef in China on the basis of the combination of stable isotopes and multielement analysis.
abstract: The potential for classifying beef samples on the basis of their geographical origin was investigated by stable isotope and multielement analysis using samples from various provinces in China. C and N isotope composition and the concentrations of 23 elements of the defatted beef samples were determined. It was shown that as compared to the Tibet beef fed predominantly on C3 pasture, maize-fed beef produced in Shandong and Heilongjiang province gave rise to a significant difference in (13)C content. Significant differences were also observed in 18 elements among the defatted beef samples. Stable isotope data and multielement concentrations determined in the beef were subjected to multivariate analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA). Eight key variables were identified as providing maximum discrimination among samples. DA gave an overall correct classification rate of 100% and a cross-validation rate of 100%. This research has proved that the geographical origin of beef in China can be identified by a combination of stable isotopes and multielement analysis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ailiang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shuming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002681:China; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D018609:Tibet
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D008670:Metals; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes