title: Resistance to antivascular endothelial growth factor treatment in age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of visual impairment and blindness in people aged over 65 years in developed countries. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a positive regulator of angiogenesis and its proven role in the pathological neovascularization in wet AMD has provided evidence for the use of anti-VEGF agents as potential therapies. In this study, we review the literature for the possible causes of failure after treatment with anti-VEGF agents and attempt to propose an algorithm of suggestive actions to increase the chances of successful management of such difficult cases.
authors.affiliation: Retina Centre, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Paris
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tranos
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vacalis
authors.forename: Solon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asteriadis
authors.forename: Stavrenia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koukoula
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vachtsevanos
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perganta
authors.forename: Ilias
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Georgalas
mesh_terms: D015862:Choroid Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D017211:Treatment Failure; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: age related macular degeneration; antiVEGF; treatment