title: Preliminary studies of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of coconut fibers.
abstract: This work studied fast pyrolysis as a way to use the residual fiber obtained from the shells of coconut ( Cocos nucifera L. var. Dwarf, from Aracaju, northeastern Brazil). The bio-oil produced by fast pyrolysis and the aqueous phase (formed during the pyrolysis) were characterized by GC/qMS and GC×GC/TOF-MS. Many oxygenated compounds such as phenols, aldehydes, and ketones were identified in the extracts obtained in both phases, with a high predominance of phenolic compounds, mainly alkylphenols. Eighty-one compounds were identified in the bio-oil and 42 in the aqueous phase using GC/qMS, and 95 and 68 in the same samples were identified by GC×GC/TOF-MS. The better performance of GC×GC/TOF-MS was due to the possibility of resolving some coeluted peaks in the one-dimension gas chromatography. Semiquantitative analysis of the samples verified that 59% of the area on the chromatogram of bio-oil is composed by phenols and 12% by aldehydes, mainly furfural. Using the same criterion, 77% of the organic compounds in the aqueous phase are phenols. Therefore, this preliminary assessment indicates that coconut fibers have the potential to be a cost-effective and promising alternative to obtain new products and minimize environmental impact.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia Industrial/Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Universidade Tiradentes, Farolândia, Aracaju, Brazi.
authors.forename: Tarciana M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Mozart D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Bispo
authors.forename: Anne R T
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Marcelo V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Migliorini
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schena
authors.forename: Maria Cecilia V
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: de Campos
authors.forename: Maria Elisabete
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Laiza C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Elina B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Caramão
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis; D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis; D001938:Brazil; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003059:Cocos / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007659:Ketones / Q000032:analysis; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D056804:Biofuels; D007659:Ketones; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils