title: Eccentric exercise in rehabilitation: safety, feasibility, and application.
abstract: This nonexhaustive mini-review reports on the application of eccentric exercise in various rehabilitation populations. The two defining properties of eccentric muscle contractions--a potential for high muscle-force production at an energy cost that is uniquely low--are revisited and formatted as exercise countermeasures to muscle atrophy, weakness, and deficits in physical function. Following a dual-phase implementation, eccentric exercise that induces rehabilitation benefits without muscle damage, thereby making it both safe and feasible in rehabilitation, is described. Clinical considerations, algorithms of exercise progression, and suggested modes of eccentric exercise are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; paul.lastayo@health.utah.edu.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: LaStayo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dibble
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frajacomo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona.
authors.forename: Stan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindstedt
mesh_terms: D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: eccentric; function; muscle; patients; rehabilitation