title: A genetic variant of the atrial natriuretic peptide gene is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in a non-diabetic population--the Malmö preventive project study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiological studies have shown considerable heritability of blood pressure, thus suggesting a role for genetic factors. Previous studies have shown an association of a single nucleotide polymorphism rs5068 in the NPPA locus gene with higher levels of circulating atrial natriuretic peptide as well as with lower intra individual blood pressure, but up to date, no association between rs5068 and cardiac organ damage, i.e. left ventricular hypertrophy, has been accounted for in humans. We sought to explore if rs5068 is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy as measured by echocardiographic examination in a non-diabetic population.
  
  
  METHODS
  968 non-diabetic individuals from the Malmö Preventive Project (mean age 67 years; 31% women) were genotyped and examined with echocardiography. Logistic regression was used to adjust for covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The minor allele of rs5068 was associated with decreased prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (p = 0.021) after adjustment for sex and age. In the multivariate logistic analysis including; age, sex, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive and/or cardioprotective treatment, body mass index and fasting plasma glucose, the association of rs5068 with left ventricular hypertrophy was, as expected, attenuated (p = 0.061).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a non-diabetic population, the minor allele of rs5068 was associated with lower left ventricular mass. These findings suggest that rs5068, or genetic variants in linkage disequilibrium, might affect susceptibility to left ventricular hypertrophy and support the possible protective role of natriuretic peptides.
authors.forename: Amra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jujić
authors.forename: Margret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leosdottir
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Östling
authors.forename: Petri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gudmundsson
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Melander
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Magnusson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000235:genetics*; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: C472955:NPPA protein, human; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor