title: Neural crest specification: tissues, signals, and transcription factors.
abstract: The neural crest is a transient population of multipotent and migratory cells unique to vertebrate embryos. Initially derived from the borders of the neural plate, these cells undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition to leave the central nervous system, migrate extensively in the periphery, and differentiate into numerous diverse derivatives. These include but are not limited to craniofacial cartilage, pigment cells, and peripheral neurons and glia. Attractive for their similarities to stem cells and metastatic cancer cells, neural crest cells are a popular model system for studying cell/tissue interactions and signaling factors that influence cell fate decisions and lineage transitions. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms required for neural crest formation in various vertebrate species, focusing on the importance of signaling factors from adjacent tissues and conserved gene regulatory interactions, which are required for induction and specification of the ectodermal tissue that will become neural crest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Jayasena
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bronner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors