title: Interventional nephrology: Physical examination as a tool for surveillance for the hemodialysis arteriovenous access.
abstract: The prospective recognition of stenosis affecting dialysis vascular access and its prospective treatment is important in the management of the hemodialysis patient. Surveillance by physical examination is easily learned, easily performed, quickly done, and economical. In addition, it has a level of accuracy and reliability equivalent to other approaches that require special instrumentation. Physical examination should be part of any education to all hemodialysis care givers. This review presents the basic principles of physical examination of the hemodialysis vascular access and discusses the evidence behind its value.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA. l.salman@miami.edu
authors.forename: Loay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beathard
mesh_terms: D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D010808:Physical Examination; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis