title: A novel method for semen collection and artificial insemination in large parrots (Psittaciformes).
abstract: The paper described a novel technique for semen collection in large psittacines (patent pending), a procedure which was not routinely possible before. For the first time, a large set of semen samples is now available for analysis as well as for artificial insemination. Semen samples of more than 100 psittacine taxa were collected and analysed; data demonstrate large differences in the spermatological parameters between families, indicating an ecological relationship with breeding behaviour (polygamous versus monogamous birds). Using semen samples for artificial insemination resulted in the production of offspring in various families, such as Macaws and Cockatoos, for the first time ever. The present technique represents a breakthrough in species conservation programs and will enable future research into the ecology and environmental factors influencing endangered species.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish, Justus-Liebig University, Gießen, Frankfurter Str. 91-93, 35392 Giessen, Germany. michael.lierz@vetmed.uni-giessen.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lierz
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reinschmidt
authors.forename: Heiner
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wink
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Neumann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D010311:Parrots / Q000502:physiology*; D012661:Semen