title: DNA damage and oxidative stress modulatory effects of glyphosate-based herbicide in freshwater fish, Channa punctatus.
abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the genotoxic and oxidative stress modulatory effects of commercial formulation of glyphosate-based herbicide (Roundup(®)) in freshwater fish Channa punctatus. Three sublethal test concentrations of the herbicide viz., SL-I (1/10th of LC50=∼3.25mgL(-1)), SL-II (1/8th of LC50=∼4.07mgL(-1)) and SL-III (1/5th of LC50=∼6.51mgL(-1)) were calculated using 96-LC50 value and the test specimens were exposed to these concentrations. Blood and gill cells of the exposed specimens were sampled on day 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 to examine the DNA damage using comet assay and to assess the alteration in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activities. The highest DNA damage was observed on day 14 at all test concentrations followed by gradual non-linear decline. Induction of oxidative stress in the blood and gill cells were evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation level, while antioxidants namely superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase responded in a concentration-dependent manner. The results supported the integrated use of comet and antioxidant assays in determining the toxicity of water pollutants which could be used as part of monitoring programs.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Unit Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, UP, India.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Nwani
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, UP, India.
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Nagpure
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, UP, India. Electronic address: ravindra.scientist@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ravindra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, UP, India.
authors.forename: Basdeo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kushwaha
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, UP, India.
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lakra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010473:Perciformes / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002374:Catalase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000097797:Glyphosate
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Channa punctatus; Comet assay; DNA damage; Oxidative stress; Roundup(®)