title: Increasing social interaction using prelinguistic milieu teaching with nonverbal school-age children with autism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Children with autism display marked deficits in initiating and maintaining social interaction. Intervention using play routines can create a framework for developing and maintaining social interaction between these children and their communication partners.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six nonverbal 5- to 8-year-olds with autism were taught to engage in social interaction within salient play routines. Prelinguistic milieu teaching (PMT) techniques were used to teach the children to communicate intentionally during these routines. Intervention focused on the children's social interaction with an adult. The effects of intervention were evaluated using a multiple baseline design across participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At study onset, the participants demonstrated few consistent interaction with others. With intervention, all of the children improved their ability to sustain social interactions, as evidenced by an increase in the number of communicative interactions during play routines. Participants also increased their overall rate of initiated intentional communication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Development of intentional prelinguistic communication within salient social routines creates opportunities for an adult to teach social and communication skills to young school-age children with autism who function at a nonverbal level.
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA. jfranco@austin.utexas.edu
authors.forename: Jessica H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Barbara L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D003147:Communication Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008037:Linguistics; D008297:Male; D008884:Milieu Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009633:Nonverbal Communication; D012919:Social Behavior; D013066:Speech-Language Pathology / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: autism; communication; prelinguistic; routine; social interaction