title: Melanoma-related mortality and productivity losses in the USA, 1990-2008.
abstract: Melanoma remains among the deadliest cancers in the USA, ranking presently as the leading cause of death from skin disease in this country. The present analysis presents national statistics on the health burden (mortality) and productivity losses attributable to this cancer over a 19-year period. Melanoma-related deaths and mortality rates from 1990 through 2008 were identified and calculated using multiple-cause-of-death data and data from the 2000 US Census. Productivity losses were estimated using previously published methods that accounted for life expectancy, labor force participation, productivity growth, and the imputed values of caregiving and housekeeping activities. A total of 155,571 melanoma-related deaths occurred during 1990-2008, resulting in 1,811,701 years of potential life lost. Age-adjusted mortality rates stratified by sex and race/ethnicity revealed differences: whites had the highest rate (3.55 per 100 000 population; 95% confidence interval 3.54, 3.57) and male individuals were 2.21 times more likely than female individuals to succumb to the disease. Cumulatively, the numbers of death for blacks, Hispanics, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and American Indians/Alaskan Natives exceeded 6000 deaths. The total productivity losses attributable to melanoma-related mortality during the sampled period were ∼$66.9 billion. The burden and economic consequences of melanoma-related deaths in the USA are not inconsequential. Understanding the mortality trends and productivity losses attributed to this skin cancer is important for evaluating the feasibility and trade-offs of public health and behavioral counseling interventions that focus on promoting skin cancer prevention.
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine Residency Program, California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Bristow
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Casil
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sorvillo
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Basurto-Dávila
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017281:Cost of Illness; D004526:Efficiency; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000191:economics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality*; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult