title: Screening for type 2 diabetes in a high-risk population: effects of a negative screening test after 4 years follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A negative diabetes screening test may unintentionally provide reassurance, resulting in reduced incentive to follow a healthy lifestyle.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to assess negative test result effects on lifestyle and risk perception at 4 years follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Risk perception and changes in smoking, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were compared between 706 high-risk participants with a negative test result and 706 high-risk participants not offered screening (controls) in a randomized controlled trial of diabetes screening.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Negative-screened individuals experienced a small but significant increase in BMI and waist circumference, but there was no significant difference with controls. The negative-screened group had significantly higher perception of risk of developing diabetes (p = 0.009) than controls, but no differences were observed in perceived personal control, worry, and optimistic bias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Screening negative for diabetes did not lead to overt long-term changes in lifestyle, despite a high perception of risk of developing diabetes. (ISRCTN75983009.).
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Julie I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Willems
authors.forename: Suzie J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klijs
authors.forename: Harry J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: de Koning
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012907:Smoking; D055105:Waist Circumference