title: Chordee without hypospadias: Operative classification and its management.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Developing countries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To propose a operative classification of Chordee without hypospadias (CWH) with its management.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral centre; Retrospective study from January 2000 to January 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total 26 patients were classified peroperatively into sixtypes (A: Cutaneous chordee→ Degloving skin and dartos (1/26); B: Fibrous chordee→ chordectomy (4/26);C: Corporocavernosalchordee→ Corporoplasty ± Urethral mobilization (4/26); D: Urethral tethering with Hypoplastic urethra→ Urethral mobilization ± urethral reconstruction because of hypoplastic urethra (14/26); E: Congenital short urethra→ excision of urethra from the meatus and urethroplasty (2/26); and F: Complex chordee→ Degloving ± Corporoplasty ± urethroplasty (1/26 patients). The follow-up over 6 months to 9 years were analyzed.
  
  
  METHODS
  SPSS soft ware version 17.0 for Windows.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of surgery was 5.33 ± 0.11 years. The success rate defined on uroflowmetry and voiding cystourethrography was 65.6%. The coronal urethra-cutaneous fistula developed in 26.9% (7/26) {including 7.7% (3/26) of associated metal stenosis}. The urethral stricture developed in 3.8% (1/26).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CWH needs stepwise surgical management. The operative classification may help in better understanding and management of this difficult entity. Meticulous tissue handling and urethroplasty is needed for good and promising results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, CSM Medical University (Erstwhile King George Medical College), Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Jiledar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rawat
authors.forename: Shiv Narayan
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Kureel
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandey
keywords: Chordee without hypospadias; congenital short urethra; hypospadias; hypospadias sine hypospadias