title: Increasing the bioactivity of elastomeric poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds for use in tissue engineering.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Biodegradable polymers used in tissue engineering applications, such as poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), are hydrophobic leading to a lack of favorable cell signalization and finally to a poor cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. To overcome this problem, scaffolds undergo generally a surface modification.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our laboratory has demonstrated that the grafting of poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (pNaSS) onto titanium or poly(ethylene terephthalate) surfaces, leads to a more specific protein adsorption and a better control of cell proliferation. The objective of this work is to develop, through a straightforward way, bioactive elastomeric PCL scaffolds by grafting pNaSS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Porous elastomeric PCL scaffolds were developed using a particulate-leaching process. pNaSS was grafted into the scaffold by a "grafting from" technique. In vitro tests were carried out to assess cell adhesion and protein expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  pNaSS was grafted homogeneously onto PCL scaffolds without degrading the biodegradable polymer or the porous structure. The in vitro studies have shown that pNaSS grafted onto PCL improves the cell response with a better expression of collagen, fibronectin and integrin α1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The grafting of pNaSS onto biomaterial surfaces is a versatile method that can provide a new generation of biodegradable scaffolds which could be "biointegrable".
authors.affiliation: Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CSPBAT, Villetaneuse, France CNRS, UMR 7244, Villetaneuse, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huot
authors.forename: Géraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rohman
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riffault
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinzano
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grossin
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Migonney
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D003094:Collagen / Q000032:analysis; D020724:Elastomers / Q000737:chemistry; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D039423:Integrin alpha1 / Q000032:analysis; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D044366:Transition Temperature
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D020724:Elastomers; D005353:Fibronectins; D039423:Integrin alpha1; D011091:Polyesters; D011137:Polystyrenes; C016240:polycaprolactone; C003321:polystyrene sulfonic acid; D003094:Collagen