title: Antiproliferative effect of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 involves upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in human pancreatic cancer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cell lines and to identify related cell cycle regulatory proteins with antiproliferative effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human pancreatic cancer cell lines SUIT-2 and its four sublines, and Panc-1, AsPC-1, and MiaPaCa-2 were treated with1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The number of cells was measured by the MTT method, and the cell cycle regulatory proteins were then analyzed by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight human pancreatic cancer cell lines expressed vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibited proliferation of SUIT-2 and its sublines. We found p21 to be upregulated after 24 hours in S2-028, the cell line in which proliferation was most inhibited by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibited proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and is involved in the upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanemaru
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chijiiwa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D002117:Calcitriol