title: Immune response variations to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi recombinant porin proteins in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. OmpC, OmpF and OmpA, the three major outer membrane proteins (OMPs), could serve as vaccine candidates.
  
  
  METHODS
  The porins antigenicity was predicted in silico. The OMP genes were amplified, cloned and expressed. Sero-reactivities of the recombinant proteins purified by denaturing method were assayed by ELISA. BALB/c mice were immunized with the recombinant porins followed by bacterial challenge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacterial challenge of the animal model brought about antibody triggering efficacy of the antigen in OmpF > OmpC > OmpA order. Experimental findings validated the in silico results. None of the antigens had synergic or antagonistic effects on each other from immune system induction points of view. Despite their high immunogenicity, none of the antigens was protective. However, administration of two or three antigens simultaneously resulted in retardation of lethal effect. Porins, in addition to their specific functions, share common functions. Hence, they can compensate for each other's functions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The produced antibodies could not eliminate the pathogenicity by blockade of one or some of the antigens. Porin antigens are not suitable vaccine candidates alone or in denatured forms. Native forms of the antigens maybe studied for protective immunogenicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran-Qom Express Way, Opposite Imam Khomeini's Shrine, Tehran 3319118651, Iran.
authors.forename: Hoda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toobak
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rasooli
authors.forename: Daryush
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Talei
authors.forename: Abolfazl
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jahangiri
authors.forename: Parviz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Owlia
authors.forename: Shakiba
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Darvish Alipour Astaneh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018272:Porins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D022562:Salmonella Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; C113724:OmpC protein; C109237:OmpF protein; D018272:Porins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D022562:Salmonella Vaccines; C078167:OMPA outer membrane proteins
keywords: Immunity; OmpA; OmpC; OmpF; Salmonella enterica ssp. Typhi