title: Spatial distribution of cadmium and lead in the sediments of the western Anzali wetlands on the coast of the Caspian Sea (Iran).
abstract: Spatial distribution patterns of total cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), their bioavailable fractions and total organic matter in sediment from Anzali wetlands are provided. Total sediment Pb was higher than Cd (34.95 versus 0.024 μg/g dry weight). The geoaccumulation index indicated that the sediment was "uncontaminated", but some stations were categorized as "unpolluted" to "moderately polluted". Less than 0.01 of Pb existed in exchangeable and carbonate fractions. The sum of exchangeable and carbonate-bound fractions of Cd was 42%, suggesting that Cd poses high risk to the aquatic ecosystems. Total Cd and Pb exhibited positive relationships with total organic matter. Considering spatial distribution maps of total and bioavailable fractions of metals suggested that high concentrations of metals does not necessarily indicate high bioavailable fraction. The methodologies we used in this study can be in more effective management of aquatic ecosystems, as well as ecological risk assessment of metals, and remediation programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran. Electronic address: rasoolzamani@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Rasool
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zamani-Ahmadmahmoodi
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esmaili-Sari
authors.forename: Jahangard
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.forename: Alireza Riyahi
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bakhtiari
authors.forename: Mozhgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Savabieasfahani
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D007492:Iran; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead
keywords: Anthropogenic influences; Bioavailable fraction; Geoaccumulation index; Geostatistics; Heavy metals; Risk assessment