title: Postural control and functional strength in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without peripheral neuropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the influence of diabetic neuropathy (DN) on balance and functional strength in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes outpatient unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults (N=62; age range, 40-65y): 32 with DM2 (19 subjects without DN and 13 with DN) and 30 without DM2 (control group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Upright balance, evaluated in 4 situations (fixed platform, unstable platform, with eyes open, with eyes closed), and functional strength, assessed with a five-times-sit-to-stand test, were analyzed using an electromagnetic system, with a sensor placed over C7 to allow maximum trunk displacements in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions. The Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up & Go test were also used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with DM2 had greater anterior-posterior displacement (P<.05) in the unstable platform with eyes closed condition compared with those without DM2, whereas no difference in medial-lateral displacement was observed between these groups. A difference in time was observed in the five-times-sit-to-stand test (P<.05), with subjects in the control group performing the tasks faster than either group of subjects with DM2. Additionally, subjects in the control group showed a higher score in the Berg Balance Scale and performed the Timed Up & Go test in less time compared with subjects in other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjects with DM2, with or without DN, showed deficits in postural control and functional strength compared with healthy individuals of the same age group.
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Course, Department of Biomechanics, Medicine, and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maíta M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Vaz
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Course, Department of Biomechanics, Medicine, and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Course, Department of Biomechanics, Medicine, and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julia G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wilson Marques
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Junior
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco José
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Albuquerque de Paula
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Course, Department of Biomechanics, Medicine, and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: dabreu@fmrp.usp.br.
authors.forename: Daniela C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Abreu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: AP; BBS; Berg Balance Scale; DM; DM2; DN; Diabetic neuropathies; FPEC; FPEO; FTSST; ICC; ML; Rehabilitation; TUG; Timed Up & Go; UPEC; UPEO; anterior-posterior; diabetes mellitus; diabetes mellitus type 2; diabetic neuropathy; five-times-sit-to-stand test; fixed platform with eyes closed; fixed platform with eyes open; intraclass correlation coefficient; medial-lateral; unstable platform with eyes closed; unstable platform with eyes open