title: [Adrenal tumours in childhood].
abstract: This special article aims to summarise the current knowledge regarding the two groups of tumours with their origin in the adrenal gland: 1) adrenocortical tumours, derived from the cortex of the adrenal gland and 2) phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas, neuroendocrine tumours derived from nodes of neural crest derived cells symmetrically distributed at both sides of the entire spine (paragangliomas [PG]). These PGs can be functioning tumors that secrete catecholamines, which confers their typical dark colour after staining with chromium salts (chromaffin tumors). Among these, the term phaeochromocytoma (PC) is restricted to those PGs derived from the chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla (intra-adrenal PGs), whereas the term PG is used for those sympathetic or parasympathetic ones in an extra-adrenal location. We analyse the state of the art of their pathogenic and genetic bases, as well as their clinical signs and symptoms, the tests currently available for performing their diagnosis (biochemical, hormonal, imaging and molecular studies) and management (surgery, pre- and post-surgical medical treatment), considering the current and developing strategies in chemo- and radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Servicios de Pediatría y Endocrinología, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Martos-Moreno
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pozo-Román
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Argente
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Adrenal tumour; Corticosuprarrenaloma; Cromafín; Feocromocitoma; Paraganglioma; Paraganglioma, Chromaffin; Phaeochromocytoma