title: Gene Deficiency in Activating Fcγ Receptors Influences the Macrophage Phenotypic Balance and Reduces Atherosclerosis in Mice.
abstract: Immunity contributes to arterial inflammation during atherosclerosis. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins induce an autoimmune response characterized by specific antibodies and immune complexes in atherosclerotic patients. We hypothesize that specific Fcγ receptors for IgG constant region participate in atherogenesis by regulating the inflammatory state of lesional macrophages. In vivo we examined the role of activating Fcγ receptors in atherosclerosis progression using bone marrow transplantation from mice deficient in γ-chain (the common signaling subunit of activating Fcγ receptors) to hyperlipidemic mice. Hematopoietic deficiency of Fcγ receptors significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion size, which was associated with decreased number of macrophages and T lymphocytes, and increased T regulatory cell function. Lesions of Fcγ receptor deficient mice exhibited increased plaque stability, as evidenced by higher collagen and smooth muscle cell content and decreased apoptosis. These effects were independent of changes in serum lipids and antibody response to oxidized low-density lipoproteins. Activating Fcγ receptor deficiency reduced pro-inflammatory gene expression, nuclear factor-κB activity, and M1 macrophages at the lesion site, while increasing anti-inflammatory genes and M2 macrophages. The decreased inflammation in the lesions was mirrored by a reduced number of classical inflammatory monocytes in blood. In vitro, lack of activating Fcγ receptors attenuated foam cell formation, oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory gene expression, and increased M2-associated genes in murine macrophages. Our study demonstrates that activating Fcγ receptors influence the macrophage phenotypic balance in the artery wall of atherosclerotic mice and suggests that modulation of Fcγ receptor-mediated inflammatory responses could effectively suppress atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Renal and Vascular Inflammation Lab, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain ; Nephrology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Beñat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mallavia
authors.forename: Ainhoa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oguiza
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lopez-Franco
authors.forename: Carlota
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Recio
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Muñoz
authors.forename: Iolanda
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lazaro
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lopez-Parra
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egido
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gomez-Guerrero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000473:pathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010641:Phenotype; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000473:pathology; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008055:Lipids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D017452:Receptors, IgG; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D003094:Collagen