title: Prevalence of Swimming Puppy Syndrome in 2,443 Puppies during the Years 2006-2012 in Thailand.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to report on the prevalence of swimming puppy syndrome (SPS) and investigate predisposing factors. Data were recorded from 2,443 puppies (1,183 males and 1,260 females) in Thailand, October 2006-September 2012, including breed, sex, number of puppies per litter, type of nest floor, number of affected limbs, and occurrence of pectus excavatum. Fifty-two puppies (2.13%) were diagnosed with SPS. The breed most frequently affected was English Bulldog (8.33%). There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between presence and absence of disease based on sex, breed, and nest floor type. The number of puppies per litter was associated with SPS; puppies from smaller litters (1.92 ± 1.12) had a higher prevalence of the disease (P < 0.01) than puppies from larger litters (3.64 ± 2.24). Moreover, 15.38% of puppies with affected limbs showed signs of pectus excavatum (8/52); this clinical sign was more prevalent (P < 0.01) in puppies with all four limbs affected with SPS.
authors.affiliation: Animal Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand ; Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
authors.forename: Korakot
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nganvongpanit
authors.forename: Terdsak
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yano