title: Instructional messages during health-related crises: essential content for self-protection.
abstract: Mediated instructional messages have the potential to enhance individuals' knowledge and self-efficacy to take self-protective actions during a food-related health crisis. This two-phased study used content analysis to examine the presence of instructions during an actual egg recall crisis (n = 566 television broadcasts). Next, these messages were used in a pretest-posttest experiment to explore changes in participants' (n = 651) foodborne illness knowledge and self-efficacy after watching a standard media message or a high instruction media message. In general, actual broadcasts only provided self-protective instructions between 3% and 17% of the time. Standard messages slightly increased viewer knowledge, but decreased viewer efficacy. Conversely, the high instructional message significantly increased both knowledge and efficacy.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Communication and the Division of Instructional Communication , University of Kentucky.
authors.forename: Brandi N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Frisby
authors.forename: Shari R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Veil
authors.forename: Timothy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Sellnow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D004531:Eggs; D005260:Female; D058015:Health Communication; D006266:Health Education; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007484:Iowa; D008297:Male; D008402:Mass Media; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D055815:Young Adult