title: A case of instantaneous rigor?
abstract: The question of whether instantaneous rigor mortis (IR), the hypothetic sudden occurrence of stiffening of the muscles upon death, actually exists has been controversially debated over the last 150 years. While modern German forensic literature rejects this concept, the contemporary British literature is more willing to embrace it. We present the case of a young woman who suffered from diabetes and who was found dead in an upright standing position with back and shoulders leaned against a punchbag and a cupboard. Rigor mortis was fully established, livor mortis was strong and according to the position the body was found in. After autopsy and toxicological analysis, it was stated that death most probably occurred due to a ketoacidotic coma with markedly increased values of glucose and lactate in the cerebrospinal fluid as well as acetone in blood and urine. Whereas the position of the body is most unusual, a detailed analysis revealed that it is a stable position even without rigor mortis. Therefore, this case does not further support the controversial concept of IR.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D30625 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pirch
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klintschar
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D003926:Diabetic Coma / Q000209:etiology; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D049429:Forensic Pathology; D005947:Glucose / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000652:urine; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D011187:Posture; D012298:Rigor Mortis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000096:Acetone; D000431:Ethanol; D005947:Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007657:Ketone Bodies; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human