title: Preliminary sensory evaluation of edible flowers from wild Allium species.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of edible flowers as an aesthetic and flavour component of specific dishes is gaining popularity, and their production is becoming an interesting niche market activity for growers. Allium is an important genus of flowering plants, also including traditional wild food species. The combination of tradition with the new uses of flowers is appealing, requiring, however, explorative acceptance assays for its exploitation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The flowers of the native Mediterranean species Allium neapolitanum, A. roseum and A. triquetrum were subject to hedonic visual, smell and flavour evaluation. Panellists also indicated specific flavour notes and their opinion about the more suitable uses. All the species were positively rated. A. roseum was preferred for all respects; A. triquetrum obtained the lowest visual rating, whereas A. neapolitanum had the lowest flavour rating. A spicy note was the main determinant of high flavour ratings. Dishes retaining the visual appearance of flowers were indicated as more suitable to combine with Allium flowers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first attempt at sensory evaluation of Allium flowers. Nutritional and health promotion properties and toxicity risks do not represent major issues for these products, because of potentially low consumption levels. The main constraint for a wider use of Allium flowers is represented by the absence of a consolidated consumption habit and regular supply.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agri-Food Science and Technology, Food Science Campus, Organizational Unit, University of Bologna, 47521, Cesena (FC), Italy.
authors.forename: L Filippo
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: D'Antuono
authors.forename: Manuela Agata
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Manco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000490:Allium; D035264:Flowers; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012677:Sensation; D012903:Smell; D013045:Species Specificity; D013649:Taste
keywords: Allium; edible flowers; hedonic profiling; sensory analysis; wild food plants