title: Molecular imaging: an innovative force in musculoskeletal radiology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A review of the innovative role molecular imaging plays in musculoskeletal radiology is provided. Musculoskeletal molecular imaging is under development in four key areas: imaging the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, imaging of molecular and cellular biomarkers of arthritic joint destruction, cellular imaging of osteomyelitis, and imaging generators of musculoskeletal pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Together, these applications suggest that next-generation musculoskeletal radiology will facilitate quantitative visualization of molecular and cellular biomarkers, an advancement that appeared futuristic just a decade ago.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wilmot
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gieschler
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Behera
authors.forename: Terence P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Gade
authors.forename: Marie K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Reumann
authors.forename: Sandip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biswal
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mayer-Kuckuk
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D006801:Humans; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000639:trends*; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers