title: Relation of omega-3 fatty acid and C-reactive protein to peripheral artery disease in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a member of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid family, prevents cardiovascular disease. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation, which promotes atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among EPA, CRP, and the prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD), which is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis. A cross-sectional study was performed on 238 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Blood EPA and CRP levels and ankle-brachial pressure indices were measured. Cut-off values for plasma EPA levels and serum CRP levels were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Patients with ABIs ≤0.9 were defined as having PAD. EPA levels were significantly lower and CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with PAD than in those without [48 (26-77) vs. 58 (41-83) μg/ml, p = 0.026 and 3.3 (0.64-14.0) vs. 0.70 (0.32, 2.4) mg/l, p = 0.004]. Multivariate analysis for PAD revealed that high CRP levels and low EPA levels were significant and independent predictors of PAD [odds ratio 3.1 (95 % CI 1.4-6.9), p = 0.006 and odds ratio 4.9 (95 % CI 1.5-9.7), p = 0.004]. Furthermore, to predict PAD, adding high CRP levels and low EPA levels to the established risk factors significantly improved the area under the ROC curves, from 0.66 to 0.78, of the PAD prediction model (p = 0.004). A significant relationship among EPA, CRP, and PAD was confirmed in patients with CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ichinomiya Municipal Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Daiji
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: Mutsuharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amano
authors.forename: Toyoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murohara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid