title: Carbonic anhydrase IX: a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in breast carcinoma.
abstract: We examined the expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) by immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibody M75 (Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava) in a group of 38 fibroadenomas and 55 carcinomas of the breast. In each case, the intensity of staining, percentage of labeled cells and subcellular localization of CA IX were assessed. CA IX was detected in 11/38 fibroadenomas (28.9%). Weak cytoplasmic positivity was dominant in these positive cases. Immunohistochemical analysis of 55 carcinomas showed CA IX expression in 34 cases (61.8%). Membrane staining alone was observed in 27/55 carcinomas (49.1%), while cytoplasmic positivity was found in 4/55 cases (7.3%). Combined membrane and cytoplasmic immunostaining of CA IX was detected in 3/55 carcinomas (5.4%). The intensity of immunoreactivity varied from weak to strong. Under 50% of reactive cells were found in 9/38 fibroadenomas (23.6%) and in 29/55 carcinomas (52.7%). More than 50% of reactive cells were found in 2/38 fibroadenomas (5.3%) and in 5/55 carcinomas (9.1%). Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in the subcellular localization, intensity of immunoreactivity and percentage of labeled cells in fibroadenomas and carcinomas (p<0.05). Our results confirmed the hypothesis that expression of CA IX may represent a valuable tumor biomarker as well as a promising diagnostic and prognostic parameter in breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Malá Hora 4, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Malá Hora 4, 03601 Martin, Slovakia. Electronic address: martina.furjelova@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furjelová
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Malá Hora 4, 03601 Martin, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Mária
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kovalská
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Malá Hora 4, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Malá Hora 4, 03601 Martin, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Katarína
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jurková
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 70300 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Horáček
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 70300 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tereza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Carbolová
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Malá Hora 4, 03601 Martin, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamkov
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018226:Fibroadenoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases
keywords: Breast cancer; Carbonic anhydrase IX; Immunohistochemistry; Tumor biomarker