title: Adjustable versus non-adjustable sutures for strabismus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Strabismus, or squint, can be defined as a deviation from perfect ocular alignment and can be classified in many ways according to its aetiology and presentation. Treatment can be broadly divided into medical and surgical options, with a variety of surgical techniques being available, including the use of adjustable or non-adjustable sutures for the extraocular muscles. There exists an uncertainty as to which of these techniques produces a better surgical outcome, and also an opinion that the adjustable suture technique may be of greater benefit in certain situations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether adjustable or non-adjustable sutures are associated with a more accurate long-term ocular alignment following strabismus surgery and to identify any specific situations in which it would be of benefit to use a particular method.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register) (The Cochrane Library 2012, Issue 12), Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily, Ovid OLDMEDLINE, (January 1950 to January 2013), EMBASE (January 1980 to January 2013), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) (January 1982 to January 2013), the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) (www.controlled-trials.com), ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.gov) and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en). We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. We last searched the electronic databases on 17 January 2013. We also contacted experts in the field for further information.
  
  
  METHODS
  We planned to include only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing adjustable to non-adjustable sutures for strabismus surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We did not find any studies that met the inclusion criteria for this review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We did not find any studies that met the inclusion criteria for this review, therefore none were included for analysis. Results of non-randomised studies that compared these techniques are reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No reliable conclusions could be reached regarding which technique (adjustable or non-adjustable sutures) produces a more accurate long-term ocular alignment following strabismus surgery or in which specific situations one technique is of greater benefit than the other. High quality RCTs are needed to obtain clinically valid results and to clarify these issues. Such trials should ideally a) recruit participants with any type of strabismus or specify the subgroup of participants to be studied, for example, thyroid, paralytic, non-paralytic, paediatric; b) randomise all consenting participants to have either adjustable or non-adjustable surgery prospectively; c) have at least six months of follow-up data; and d) include re-operation rates as a primary outcome measure.
authors.affiliation: c/o Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group, ICEH, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. anjana@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: Anjana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haridas
authors.forename: Venki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sundaram
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D013285:Strabismus / Q000601:surgery*; D013536:Suture Techniques