title: Challenges in the communication between 'communication vulnerable' people and their social environment: an exploratory qualitative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Communication vulnerable people are often unable to communicate effectively within their social environment, hindering client-centered care and participation in daily life. This study aims to explore the experiences of communication and the factors that influence this in long term care settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative study using the critical incident method. Communication vulnerable clients and people within their immediate environment were interviewed about their communication experiences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-nine individuals in three settings participated in the interviews, of which 14 were clients. Specific challenges in communication were presented in different relationships. The main influencing factors in the communication between clients and professionals were: effort put into improving the communication, knowledge of the professional, augmentative and alternative communication, time for communication and the influence and power of the client.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Communication vulnerable people and people within their immediate environment face daily challenges in communicating with each other. In particular, communication among clients, can be very difficult. Augmentative and alternative communication tools are only rarely used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Professionals need to develop adequate knowledge and skills to improve their communication. Also, more attention should be focussed on use of AAC, communication between professionals and family members, and support in the communication among clients.
authors.affiliation: Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health, Heerlen, The Netherlands. steffy.stans@zuyd.nl
authors.forename: Steffy E A
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Stans
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dalemans
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Witte
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beurskens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003142:Communication; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012931:Social Environment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D035862:Vulnerable Populations
keywords: Communication; Communication difficulties; Communication vulnerable people; Long term care