title: Aspergillosis in cats: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aspergillosis is a sporadic mycosis that occurs worldwide in mammals and birds and leads to a usually chronic, and only rarely acute, disease that mainly affects the nasal cavity and sinuses.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Aspergillus species infections are commonly associated with predisposing local or systemic factors. Local disease can spread and involve the central nervous system or the lungs. Some Aspergillus species can also disseminate, causing systemic infections. In contrast to dogs, in which (nasal) aspergillosis is relatively common, aspergillosis is rare in cats, but considered an emerging infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  There are two clinical forms of aspergillosis in cats, the sinonasal form (characterised by signs of chronic nasal infection) and the newly emerging, more invasive sino-orbital form (characterised by signs of orbital and surrounding tissue invasion). Sino-orbital involvement has been described now in approximately half of the reported cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment should consist of local and systemic antifungal therapy.
authors.affiliation: European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases. Hartmann@medizinische-kleintierklinik.de
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lloret
authors.forename: Maria Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pennisi
authors.forename: Lluis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Addie
authors.forename: Sándor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Belák
authors.forename: Corine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boucraut-Baralon
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Egberink
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frymus
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gruffydd-Jones
authors.forename: Margaret J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hosie
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: Fulvio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marsilio
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Möstl
authors.forename: Alan D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Radford
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thiry
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Truyen
authors.forename: Marian C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Horzinek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002415:Cats
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents