title: Evaluation of a side population of canine lymphoma cells using Hoechst 33342 dye.
abstract: Cancer stem cell (CSC) research has increased exponentially to gain further insight into the mechanisms underlying both carcinogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. The present study was performed to explore the potential value of a side population (SP) assay for identifying and characterizing putative CSCs among canine lymphoma cells. Canine lymphoma cells from cell lines and clinical samples were subjected to the SP assay consisting of Hoechst 33342 staining and subsequent flow cytometric analysis. The SP assay revealed various amounts of a SP fraction among the canine lymphoma cells. The percentages of SP were not affected by inhibitors of membrane transporters, verapamil hydrochloride, or fumitremorgin C. Most of the canine lymphoma cells expressed high levels of Bmi-1 and membrane transporter proteins such as ABCG2 and phosphorylated (p)-glycoprotein. This investigation lays the groundwork for further studies of the biological behaviors and molecular characteristics of CSCs in cases of canine lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: The Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: D'Costa
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suter
authors.forename: Yongbaek
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D058985:Side-Population Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001562:Benzimidazoles; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C017807:bisbenzimide ethoxide trihydrochloride
keywords: Hoechst 33342; dog; flow cytometry; lymphoma; side population