title: Effect of Kangaroo mother care in reducing pain due to heel prick among preterm neonates: a crossover trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preterm neonates undergo several painful procedures in NICU including heel prick for blood sugar monitoring. Nonpharmacological interventions have been tried to decrease this procedural pain. There are only few studies on Kangaroo mother care (KMC) in reducing pain among preterm neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  This crossover trial was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in south India. Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) related to heel prick was assessed in 50 preterm neonates undergoing KMC and compared with 50 preterm babies without KMC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PIPP scores at 15 minutes and 30 minutes after heel prick were significantly less in KMC group compared to control group. Mean PIPP difference between baseline and 30 minutes after heel prick was also significantly low in KMC group compared to control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KMC is effective in reducing pain due to heel prick among preterm babies.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Division, Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) , Pondicherry , India.
authors.forename: Ambika Gnanam
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Chidambaram
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manjula
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adhisivam
authors.forename: B Vishnu
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Bhat
mesh_terms: D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006365:Heel; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D060127:Kangaroo-Mother Care Method; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods