title: Asymptomatic 50% to 75% internal carotid artery stenosis in 288 patients: risk factors for disease progression and ipsilateral neurological symptoms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study identified characteristics of patients with moderate internal carotid artery stenosis that are at increased risk for disease progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with asymptomatic moderate internal carotid disease correlating to 50% to 75% diameter reduction were followed for 3 years. Progression to greater than 75% diameter reduction or presentation with focal neurological symptoms was documented. Descriptive statistics and χ(2) testing provided statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During follow-up, 26 (9%) developed symptoms or had an asymptomatic increase in diameter reduction to >75%. The rate of disease progression and/or development of symptoms was 5.5% at 12 months and increased to 7.2% by 24 months. Comorbidities with the highest associated event incidences were coronary artery disease (8.1%), hyperlipidemia (7.3%), and hypertension (6.7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Male patients with coronary artery disease, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension are at increased risk and are candidates for frequent screening and/or early intervention.
authors.affiliation: 1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Anahita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dua
authors.forename: Bhavin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: SreyRam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuy
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Seabrook
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tondravi
authors.forename: Kellie R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014922:Wisconsin / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: asymptomatic carotid stenosis; asymptomatic moderate carotid disease; carotid disease