title: Ellagic acid inhibits migration and invasion by prostate cancer cell lines.
abstract: Polyphenolic compounds from pomegranate fruit extracts (PFEs) have been reported to possess antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-invasion effects in prostate and other cancers. However, the mechanisms responsible for the inhibition of cancer invasion remain to be clarified. In the present study, we investigated anti-invasive effects of ellagic acid (EA) in androgen-independent human (PC-3) and rat (PLS10) prostate cancer cell lines in vitro. The results indicated that non-toxic concentrations of EA significantly inhibited the motility and invasion of cells examined in migration and invasion assays. The EA treatment slightly decreased secretion of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 but not MMP-9 from both cell lines. We further found that EA significantly reduced proteolytic activity of collagenase/gelatinase secreted from the PLS-10 cell line. Collagenase IV activity was also concentration-dependently inhibited by EA. These results demonstrated that EA has an ability to inhibit invasive potential of prostate cancer cells through action on protease activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pornsiri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pitchakarn
authors.forename: Teera
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chewonarin
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Shugo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asamoto
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Pornngarm
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Limtrakul
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004610:Ellagic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D029561:Lythraceae; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D004610:Ellagic Acid; D017364:Collagenases; D018093:Gelatinases; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C522363:Mmp2 protein, rat; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C572337:Mmp9 protein, rat