title: Effects of silanation time on shear bond strength between a gold alloy surface and metal bracket.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to investigate the effects of silanation time on the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets on gold alloy in a silicoating procedure and compare the SBS of metal brackets on gold alloy and enamel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Type III gold alloy plates were sandblasted with 30-µm silicon dioxide. Excess particles were removed with gentle air after silica coating, and silane was applied. Maxillary central-incisor metal brackets were bonded to each conditioned alloy surface with a light curing resin adhesive for 1 s, 30 s, 60 s, or 120 s after applying silane. The brackets were also bonded to 36 upper central incisors with the same adhesive. All samples were cured for 40 s with a light emitting diode curing light. The SBS was tested after 1 h and after 24 h. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) of the samples was also compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 60-s and 120-s silanation time groups showed a higher SBS than the other groups (p < 0.05). Samples tested after 24 h showed a significantly higher SBS than did the samples tested after 1 h (p < 0.05). The 1-s group showed higher ARI scores. The one-way analysis of variance and Student-Newman-Keuls test showed that the SBS values of the 60-s and 120-s silanation time groups were not significantly different from the SBS values of enamel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adequate silanation time is required to produce sufficient bond strength during silicoating.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Won-Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Shon
authors.forename: Young-Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Shin-Hye
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chung
keywords: Biomaterial science; Bonding