title: ABCB1 gene polymorphisms are associated with suicide in forensic autopsies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphisms in ABCB1 have the ability to affect both the function and the expression of the transporter protein P-glycoprotein and may lead to an altered response for many drugs including some antidepressants and antipsychotics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the ABCB1 polymorphisms 1199G>A, 1236C>T, 2677G>T/A, and 3435C>T in deaths by suicide.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 998 consecutive Swedish forensic autopsies performed in 2008 in individuals 18 years of age or older, where femoral blood was available and a toxicological screening had been performed, were investigated. Genotypes were assessed with pyrosequencing and information on the cause and manner of each death was obtained from the forensic pathology and toxicology databases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significantly higher frequency of the T allele at positions 1236, 2677, and 3435 among the suicide cases compared with the nonsuicide cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our result from forensic cases suggests that ABCB1 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk for completed suicides. The biological mechanisms involved and the clinical implications for these findings are largely unknown and need to be examined further.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Drug Research, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. samuel.boiso@gmail.com
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boiso Moreno
authors.forename: Anna-Lena
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Zackrisson
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jakobsen Falk
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tillmar
authors.forename: Fredrik C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Kugelberg
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahlner
authors.forename: Staffan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hägg
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gréen
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000097:blood; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000097:blood; D001344:Autopsy; D005260:Female; D049429:Forensic Pathology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013405:Suicide; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents