title: [Effects of imidazolium chloride ionic liquids on the acute toxicity and weight of earthworm].
abstract: Standard contact filter paper test of OECD and artificial soil test were used to study the acute lethal effect of three imidazolium chloride ionic liquids, 1-butyl- 3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim] Cl), 1-hexyl- 3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Hmim] Cl), and 1-octyl- 3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Omim] Cl) on earthworm (Eisenia fetida), and the weight of the earthworms was measured after subtle exposure. The 24 h-LC50 values of [Bmim] Cl, [Hmim] Cl and [Omim] Cl using the contact filter paper method were 109.60, 50.38 and 7.94 microg x cm(-2), respectively. The 48 h-LC50 values were 98.52, 39.14 and 3.61 microg x cm(-2), respectively. Using the artificial soil method, the 7 d-LC50 values of [Bmim] Cl, [Hmim] Cl and [Omim] Cl were 447.78, 245.56 and 180.51 mg x kg(-1), respectively, and the 14 d-LC50 values were 288.42, 179.75, 150.35 mg x kg(-1), respectively. There were differences in poisoning symptoms of the three ionic liquids on earthworms. The growth of Eisenia fetida was inhibited and declined with increasing ionic liquid concentration. The toxicity of ionic liquids on Eisenia fetida increased with the length of carbon chain.
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China. hrn1987@163.com
authors.forename: Ruo-Nan
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jun-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Hong-Zhi
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Ling-Yan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Hui-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dong-Mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000633:toxicity*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; C029899:imidazole