title: Neurological manifestations in children with Sanjad-Sakati syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sanjad-Sakati syndrome (SSS), also known as hypoparathyroidism-mental retardation-dysmorphism syndrome, or HRD, is a rare disorder characterized by growth and developmental delay, and by mental retardation and dysmorphic features.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to clarify the clinical and neurological features of SSS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients were included in the study. They were seen at two hospitals in Kuwait.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study of patients with SSS who attended the pediatric endocrinology, genetic, and neurology clinics in the Aladan and Alfarawanya hospitals in Kuwait from September 2007 to September 2012. Clinical and radiological data were obtained from each patient's medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 24 patients had the characteristic dysmorphic features and laboratory findings of SSS. Consanguinity was reported in 75% of parents. Neurological manifestations in the form of microcephaly, developmental delay, mental retardation, and seizures were reported in all patients. Computerized tomography scans and/or magnetic resonance imaging showed evidence of intracranial calcifications in 29.2% of patients. Two patients showed a thin corpus callosum, and one patient showed intraventricular hemorrhaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with SSS display a variety of dysmorphic features and neurological manifestations, including microcephaly, mental retardation, intracranial calcification, and epilepsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Elmansoura University, Elmansoura, Egypt;
authors.forename: Ahmed Farag
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Elhassanien
authors.forename: Hesham Abdel-Aziz
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Alghaiaty
keywords: Sanjad–Sakati syndrome; children; mental retardation; microcephaly; neurological manifestations