title: The Association of Chronic Back Pain and Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-Sectional Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the association between chronic back pain and urinary incontinence in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a cross-sectional, observational study.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  There are numerous factors associated with the development of back pain, yet little consideration has been given to the pelvic floor musculature and dysfunction of this musculature which may also cause urinary incontinence. Currently, limited research exists evaluating the relationship between back pain and urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from a sample of 2,341 women from the Kentucky Women's Health Registry were used for analysis. The primary variables of interest were self-reported chronic back pain (CBP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI), with stress urinary incontinence serving as the primary dependent variable. Simple comparisons were performed using chi-square tests and two-sample t-tests, and multivariable associations were assessed using binary logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reports of stress urinary incontinence were higher in women reporting CBP than those not reporting CBP (49.0% vs. 35.2%, p<0.01). After controlling for potential confounders, the adjusted SUI odds ratio for CBP versus not was 1.44 (95% CI 1.11, 1.86).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women who report CBP have an increased odds of having SUI. Therefore, clinicians must consider this association and the relationship of relevant trunk muscles, including pelvic floor musculature, in patients presenting with CBP and/or UI.
authors.forename: Heather M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.forename: Stacey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pagorek
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuperstein
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Katie N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Ballert
authors.forename: Leslie J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Crofford