title: A prospective study of 67 serum immune and inflammation markers and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
abstract: Although severe immune dysregulation is an established risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), the importance of subclinical immunologic effects is unclear. We compared baseline serum levels of 67 immune and inflammation markers between 301 patients with NHL diagnosed 5+ years after blood collection and 301 control patients within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. We observed associations with NHL for elevated B-cell-attracting chemokine 1 (BCA-1; fourth quartile vs first: odds ratio [OR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-4.2; Ptrend = 1.0 × 10(-6)), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2; OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 2.0-5.8; Ptrend = 1.1 × 10(-6)), and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (sVEGFR2; OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.4-3.9; Ptrend = .0005) that remained significant after Bonferroni correction, simultaneous model adjustment, and restriction to cases diagnosed 8 to 13 years after blood collection. Associations with other markers were observed, although none remained associated with NHL after adjustment for BCA-1, sTNFR2, and sVEGFR2. Our findings suggest that circulating BCA-1, sTNFR2, and sVEGFR2 are associated with NHL risk well in advance of diagnosis. Additional research is needed to replicate these findings and elucidate the underlying biologic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health/DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. purduem@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Purdue
authors.forename: Jonathan N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: Troy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.forename: Anil K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chaturvedi
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Ju-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ruth M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hildesheim
authors.forename: Ligia A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rothman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054382:Chemokine CXCL13 / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C110663:CXCL13 protein, human; D054382:Chemokine CXCL13; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2