title: Osteotomy at low-speed drilling without irrigation versus high-speed drilling with irrigation: an experimental study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Excessively traumatic surgery can adversely affect the maturation of bone tissue and consequently diminish the predictability of osseointegration so the mechanical and thermal damage should be minimized during surgical procedure. The purpose of this study is to evaluate immediate histological alterations in rabbit tibias, produced by low speed drilling (50 rpm) without irrigation and conventional drilling (800 rpm) under profuse irrigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six implant osteotomies were created in the tibias of 6 White female rabbits. Drilling began with a 1.5 mm round bur, followed by 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm and 3.5 mm helical drills. The posterior tibial cortex was evaluated as the positive control, and it was preserved during the surgical procedure. The receptor beds were collected for histological analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All defects showed regular edges. Hematoxylin eosin (HE) sections showed that both techniques preserved the bone structure and the presence of living cells. No histological differences between the two surgical drilling techniques were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on our results, we can conclude that the effects of implant site preparation on bone by low speed drilling (50 rpm) without irrigation and conventional drilling (800 rpm) under abundant irrigation are similar. Both surgical drilling techniques preserve bone-cell viability and the clinician can decide which drilling technique to use, based on other criteria.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gaspar
authors.forename: Gonçalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borrecho
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salvado
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martins dos Santos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D011817:Rabbits; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation