title: Comparison between Herbst appliances with or without miniscrew anchorage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Herbst appliance is largely used in orthodontics for the correction of Class II. The aim of this paper was to analyze dental and skeletal effects of a splints Herbst-miniscrews combined device in comparison to a mandibular splints Herbst appliance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty Class II division 1 patients (27 males and 23 females with a mean age of 11.8 ± 1.7 years) were included in the study. Lateral headfilms of 25 patients with a mandibular resin splint and a miniscrew anchorage (test group) and of 25 patients with mandibular acrylic resin splints (control group) were analyzed before (T0) and after (T1) the Herbst treatment. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of each variable were calculated; paired t-test was used to evaluate statistical changes before and after the treatment, in each group and Student t-test was used to compare the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were observed for P < 0.05. At the end of the Herbst treatment, mandibular incisor proclination was significantly lower in the test group (2.8°) in comparison to the control group (7.4°).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The miniscrew-Herbst system, described in the present study, allows correction of Class II malocclusion, with a lower anchorage loss, in form of mandibular incisor proclination, during the treatment, in comparison to mandibular acrylic splints Herbst.
authors.affiliation: Dentist, Private Practice, Lecce, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manni
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pasini
authors.forename: Cozzani
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mauro
keywords: Herbst; miniscrews; skeletal anchorage