title: Do nomograms designed to predict biochemical recurrence (BCR) do a better job of predicting more clinically relevant prostate cancer outcomes than BCR? A report from the SEARCH database group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the ability of various postoperative nomograms to predict prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) and to validate that they could predict aggressive biochemical recurrence (BCR). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), grade, and stage are the classic triad used to predict BCR after radical prostatectomy (RP). Multiple nomograms use these to predict risk of BCR. A previous study showed that several nomograms could predict aggressive BCR (prostate-specific antigen doubling time [PSADT] <9 months) more accurately than BCR. However, it remains unknown if they can predict more definitive endpoints, such as PCSM.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed Cox analyses to examine the ability of 4 postoperative nomograms, the Duke Prostate Center (DPC) nomogram, the Kattan postoperative nomogram, the Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) nomogram, and the joint Center for Prostate Disease Research(CPDR)/Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE) nomogram to predict BCR and PCSM among 1778 men in the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database who underwent RP between 1990 and 2009. We also compared their ability to predict BCR and aggressive BCR in a subset of men. We calculated the c-index for each nomogram to determine its predictive accuracy for estimating actual outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that each nomogram could predict aggressive BCR and PCSM in a statistically significant manner and that they all predicted PCSM more accurately than they predicted BCR (ie, with higher c-index values).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Currently available nomograms used to predict BCR accurately predict PCSM and other more clinically relevant endpoints. Moreover, not only do they significantly predict PCSM, but do so with generally greater accuracy than BCR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Anna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Teeter
authors.forename: Joseph C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Presti
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Aronson
authors.forename: Martha K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Terris
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Amling
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Freedland
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049451:Nomograms; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen