title: Evaluation of blood pressure control using a new arterial stiffness parameter, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI).
abstract: Arterial stiffness has been known to be a surrogate marker of arteriosclerosis, and also of vascular function. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) had been the most popular index and was known to be a predictor of cardiovascular events. But, it depends on blood pressure at measuring time. To overcome this problem, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is developed. CAVI is derived from stiffness parameter β by Hayashi, and the equation of Bramwell-Hill, and is independent from blood pressure at a measuring time. Then, CAVI might reflect the proper change of arterial wall by antihypertensive agents. CAVI shows high value with aging and in many arteriosclerotic diseases and is also high in persons with main coronary risk factors. Furthermore, CAVI is decreased by an administration of α1 blocker, doxazosin for 2-4 hours, Those results suggested that CAVI reflected the arterial stiffness composed of organic components and of smooth muscle cell contracture. Angiotensin II receptor blocker, olmesartan decreased CAVI much more than that of calcium channel antagonist, amlodipine, even though the rates of decreased blood pressure were almost same. CAVI might differentiate the blood pressure-lowering agents from the point of the effects on proper arterial stiffness. This paper reviewed the principle and rationale of CAVI, and the possibilities of clinical applications, especially in the studies of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Function, Sakura Hospital, School of Medicine, Toho University, Chiba, Japan. kshirai@kb3.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Utino
authors.forename: Atsuhito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saiki
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohira
authors.forename: Daiji
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nagayama
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tatsuno
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahara
mesh_terms: D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000098:blood supply; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D016909:Tibial Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Cardio-ankle vascular index; angiotensin II receptor blockers; arterial stiffness; calcium channel blocker; hypertension.