title: Surgical anatomy of the supraglottic larynx using the da Vinci robot.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) has facilitated organ-preserving surgery of the larynx. It has also presented a change in the surgical perspective. We performed cadaveric dissections using the robot to highlight the vascular and muscular anatomy of the supraglottic larynx.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cadaveric specimens underwent injection of their vasculature, and after injection a robotic surgical system was used to perform a transoral dissection of the supraglottic region. Care was taken to preserve anatomic landmarks and microvascular structures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five fresh frozen cadaveric human heads were injected with silicone and used for the dissection. The superior laryngeal neurovascular bundle was identified and an absent superior laryngeal vein (SLV) was noted on 1 specimen. Using the robotic endoscope allowed us to visualize and identify the microvasculature of the head and neck.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These dissections revealed anatomic variations in the superior laryngeal neurovascular bundle and also highlighted the differences in view using a surgical robotic system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University - Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Neerav
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Dhave
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Setabutr
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
mesh_terms: D059925:Anatomic Landmarks; D002102:Cadaver; D019723:Endoscopes; D006801:Humans; D007830:Larynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: cadaveric dissection; superior laryngeal artery; superior laryngeal nerve; supraglottic larynx; surgical robot