title: Cytometric profiling in various clinical forms of multiple sclerosis with respect to CD21+, CD32+, and CD35+ B and T cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We aimed to evaluate the frequency of various types of B and T cells expressing CD21, CD32, and CD35 in multiple sclerosis (MS) clinical courses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral blood mononuclear cell from 30 MS patients (17 relapsing remitting [RRMS], six secondary progressive [SPMS], and seven primary progressive MS [PPMS]) and 18 healthy subjects were analyzed. All patients were in acute attack. Healthy controls were matched for age and gender ratio. The frequencies of various subsets of B and T cells were determined using flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of CD4+T cells was lower in MS patients compared to control subjects (41.14 ± 9.45% vs. 46.88 ± 6.98%, respectively, P < 0.05). The CD32+ fraction of CD4+T cells and the CD21+ fraction of CD8+T cells were higher in MS patients (2.85 ± 3.72% vs. 1.06 ± 0.62% for CD32+CD4+T cells, 2.71 ± 1.86% vs. 1.16 ± 0.99% for CD21+CD8+T cells in MS patients and control subjects, respectively, P < 0.05). After dividing subjects by type of MS course, higher values of these two T cell subsets were found in SPMS patients compared to control subjects (P < 0.05). Further, RRMS patients had lower levels of CD32+CD4+T cells than SPMS patients and also they had lower levels of CD32+CD8+T cells than PPMS patients (P < 0.05). However, neither the expression of CD35 on T cells nor the various B cell subsets were statistically different between the compared groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings demonstrate that T cell subsets expressing CD21 and CD32 may differ with respect to the presence or clinical forms of MS disease. By contrast, CD35+T cells and different subsets of B cells are not altered in various MS clinical courses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14197, Tehran, Iran.|Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zandieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Izad
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14197, Tehran, Iran.|Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fakhri
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14197, Tehran, Iran.|Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amirifard
authors.affiliation: Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Khazaeipour
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14197, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hosein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Harirchian