title: Breast cancer and venous disease: a retrospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast cancer (BC) and chronic venous disease (CVD) are in some way related to hormonal effects, and often the clinical manifestations of CVD intersect with the clinical course of BC. This article describes the correlations between these clinical conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1138 female patients with BC were retrospectively reviewed in a 5-year period to obtain clinical information about the frequency and characteristics of contemporary CVD and the relative correlations with estrogen and progesterone receptor status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of BC was associated with concomitant CVD clinical manifestations in patients with positive estrogen receptor status, whereas no association was found in patients with negative estrogen receptor status. The presence of negative estrogen receptor status associated with positive progesterone receptor status seemed to be even protective against CVD. Patients with more severe manifestations of CVD had positive estrogen receptor status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BC and CVD seem to be strongly associated. Positive estrogen receptor status may predispose to a more severe clinical course of venous disease when it occurs in patients with BC.
authors.affiliation: University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy. rserra@unicz.it
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buffone
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Miglietta
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abonante
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Renne
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lugarà
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Franciscis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000097:blood*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000097:blood*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone