title: Comparative study of immune regulatory properties of stem cells derived from different tissues.
abstract: Allogeneic stem cell (SC)-based therapy is a promising tool for the treatment of a range of human degenerative and inflammatory diseases. Many reports highlighted the immune modulatory properties of some SC types, such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), but a comparative study with SCs of different origin, to assess whether immune regulation is a general SC property, is still lacking. To this aim, we applied highly standardized methods employed for MSC characterization to compare the immunological properties of bone marrow-MSCs, olfactory ectomesenchymal SCs, leptomeningeal SCs, and three different c-Kit-positive SC types, that is, amniotic fluid SCs, cardiac SCs, and lung SCs. We found that all the analyzed human SCs share a common pattern of immunological features, in terms of expression of activation markers ICAM-1, VCAM-1, HLA-ABC, and HLA-DR, modulatory activity toward purified T, B, and NK cells, lower immunogenicity of inflammatory-primed SCs as compared to resting SCs, and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-activation as molecular inhibitory pathways, with some SC type-related peculiarities. Moreover, the SC types analyzed exert an anti-apoptotic effect toward not-activated immune effector cells (IECs). In addition, we found that the inhibitory behavior is not a constitutive property of SCs, but is acquired as a consequence of IEC activation, as previously described for MSCs. Thus, immune regulation is a general property of SCs and the characterization of this phenomenon may be useful for a proper therapeutic use of SCs.
authors.affiliation: 1 Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona , Verona, Italy .
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Trapani
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bassi
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ricciardi
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bifari
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pacelli
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giacomello
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pozzobon
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Féron
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Coppi
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anversa
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fumagalli
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Decimo
authors.forename: Cedric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Menard
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tarte
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krampera
mesh_terms: D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008578:Meninges / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; D006680:HLA Antigens; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1