title: A paper-based microbial fuel cell: instant battery for disposable diagnostic devices.
abstract: We present a microfabricated paper-based microbial fuel cell (MFC) generating a maximum power of 5.5 μW/cm(2). The MFC features (1) a paper-based proton exchange membrane by infiltrating sulfonated sodium polystyrene sulfonate and (2) micro-fabricated paper chambers by patterning hydrophobic barriers of photoresist. Once inoculum and catholyte were added to the MFC, a current of 74 μA was generated immediately. This paper-based MFC has the advantages of ease of use, low production cost, and high portability. The voltage produced was increased by 1.9 × when two MFC devices were stacked in series, while operating lifetime was significantly enhanced in parallel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York-Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
authors.forename: Arwa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fraiwan
authors.forename: Sayantika
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundermier
authors.forename: Hyung-Sool
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seokheun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology; D004209:Disposable Equipment / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology; D004560:Electricity; D004867:Equipment Design; D010209:Paper; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D020592:Shewanella / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011137:Polystyrenes; C003321:polystyrene sulfonic acid
keywords: Microbial fuel cell; Microfabrication; Paper-based battery; Series/parallel connection