title: Thyroid autoimmunity and obstetric outcomes in women with recurrent miscarriage: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thyroid antibody positivity during pregnancy has been associated with adverse outcomes including miscarriage and preterm delivery. The aim of the study is to evaluate the obstetric outcome in pregnant women with recurrent miscarriage and their response to levothyroxine (l-T4) therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  All pregnant and non-pregnant women between 21 and 35 years of age with a history of two or more consecutive miscarriages were included in the study. A third group comprising 100 pregnant women without a history of miscarriage were taken as healthy controls. Thyroid autoimmunity, prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and maternal and foetal complications were analysed in all the groups with appropriate statistical methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients included in the study was 27.0±3.1 years. Of 100 pregnant patients with previous recurrent miscarriage, thyroid autoimmunity (thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb(+)) >34 U/ml) was found in 31% of the cases. The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was higher in TPOAb(+) group than in TPOAb(-) group (52 vs 16%; P=0.0002). There was no difference in the prevalence of miscarriage or obstetric outcomes between recurrent miscarriage and healthy pregnant women group irrespective of TPO status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity was higher in pregnant women with a history of recurrent abortion compared with healthy pregnant control population. Following l-T4 treatment, there was no difference in prevalence of miscarriage between hypothyroid and euthyroid individuals in TPOAb(+) women.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) Chandigarh India.
authors.forename: Kusum
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lata
authors.forename: Pinaki
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.forename: Subbiah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sridhar
authors.forename: Minakshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rohilla
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: G R V
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Prashad
authors.forename: Viral N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhansali
keywords: hypothyroidism; preterm birth; recurrent miscarriage; thyroid peroxidase