title: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation therapy for tumors.
abstract: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has evolved into a useful therapeutic tool for treating a broad range of tumors since being introduced into clinical practice as a diagnostic modality nearly three decades ago. In particular, EUS-guided ﬁne-needle injection has proven a successful minimally invasive approach for treating benign lesions such as pancreatic cysts, relieving pancreatic pain through celiac plexus neurolysis, and controlling local tumor growth of unresectable malignancies by direct delivery of anti-tumor agents. One such ablative agent, ethanol, is capable of safely ablating solid or cystic lesions in hepatic tissues via percutaneous injection. Recent research and clinical interest has focused on the promise of EUS-guided ethanol ablation as a safe and effective method for treating pancreatic tumor patients with small lesions or who are poor operative candidates. Although it is not likely to replace radical resection of localized lesions or systemic treatment of metastatic tumors in all patients, EUS-guided ablation is an ideal method for patients who refuse or are not eligible for surgery. Moreover, this treatment modality may play an active role in the development of future pancreatic tumor treatments. This article reviews the most recent clinical applications of EUS-guided ethanol ablation in humans for treating pancreatic cystic tumors, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and metastatic lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Ying
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhao-Shen
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhen-Dong
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques; D019160:Endosonography; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D018297:Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010181:Pancreatic Cyst / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Celiac plexus neurolysis; Cystic tumor; Endoscopic ultrasonography; Ethanol; Neuroendocrine tumors; Pancreas cancer; Tumor ablation