title: Mechanisms underlying activation of transient BK current in rabbit urethral smooth muscle cells and its modulation by IP3-generating agonists.
abstract: We used the perforated patch-clamp technique at 37°C to investigate the mechanisms underlying the activation of a transient large-conductance K(+) (tBK) current in rabbit urethral smooth muscle cells. The tBK current required an elevation of intracellular Ca(2+), resulting from ryanodine receptor (RyR) activation via Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release, triggered by Ca(2+) influx through L-type Ca(2+) (CaV) channels. Carbachol inhibited tBK current by reducing Ca(2+) influx and Ca(2+) release and altered the shape of spike complexes recorded under current-clamp conditions. The tBK currents were blocked by iberiotoxin and penitrem A (300 and 100 nM, respectively) and were also inhibited when external Ca(2+) was removed or the CaV channel inhibitors nifedipine (10 μM) and Cd(2+) (100 μM) were applied. The tBK current was inhibited by caffeine (10 mM), ryanodine (30 μM), and tetracaine (100 μM), suggesting that RyR-mediated Ca(2+) release contributed to the activation of the tBK current. When IP3 receptors (IP3Rs) were blocked with 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB, 100 μM), the amplitude of the tBK current was not reduced. However, when Ca(2+) release via IP3Rs was evoked with phenylephrine (1 μM) or carbachol (1 μM), the tBK current was inhibited. The effect of carbachol was abolished when IP3Rs were blocked with 2-APB or by inhibition of muscarinic receptors with the M3 receptor antagonist 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide (1 μM). Under current-clamp conditions, bursts of action potentials could be evoked with depolarizing current injection. Carbachol reduced the number and amplitude of spikes in each burst, and these effects were reduced in the presence of 2-APB. In the presence of ryanodine, the number and amplitude of spikes were also reduced, and carbachol was without further effect. These data suggest that IP3-generating agonists can modulate the electrical activity of rabbit urethral smooth muscle cells and may contribute to the effects of neurotransmitters on urethral tone.
authors.affiliation: Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland.
authors.forename: Barry D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Kyle
authors.forename: Eamonn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Roddy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Large
authors.forename: Gerard P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Sergeant
authors.forename: Noel G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: McHale
authors.forename: Keith D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Thornbury
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hollywood
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000378:metabolism; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3 / Q000378:metabolism; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000378:metabolism; D013748:Tetracaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D014521:Urethra / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; D009183:Mycotoxins; D010455:Peptides; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D013748:Tetracaine; D012433:Ryanodine; C003626:tremortin; D002110:Caffeine; C064719:iberiotoxin; D002217:Carbachol; C109986:2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium
keywords: BK current; cholinergic; smooth muscle; urethra