title: Genotypes and phenotypes of 162 families with a glomulin mutation.
abstract: A decade ago, we identified a novel gene, glomulin (GLMN) in which mutations cause glomuvenous malformations (GVMs). GVMs are bluish-purple cutaneous vascular lesions with characteristic glomus cells in the walls of distended venous channels. The discovery of the genetic basis for GVMs allowed the definition of clinical features to distinguish GVMs from other venous anomalies. The variation in phenotype was also highlighted: from a single punctate blue dot to a large plaque-like lesion. In this study, we screened GLMN in a large cohort of patients to broaden the spectrum of mutations, define their frequency and search for possible genotype-phenotype correlations. Taking into account 6 families published by others, a mutation in GLMN has been found in 162 families. This represents 40 different mutations; the most frequent one being present in almost 45% of them. Expressivity varies largely, without a genotype/phenotype relationship. Among 381 individuals with a mutation, we discovered 37 unaffected carriers, implying a penetrance of 90%. As nonpenetrant individuals may transmit the disease to their descendants, knowledge on the mutational status is needed for appropriate genetic counseling.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, and Centers for.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brouillard
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Boon
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Revencu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dompmartin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garzon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kangesu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Labrèze
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McKeown
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meskauskas
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Quere
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vabres
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wassef
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Mulliken
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vikkula
keywords: Anomaly; Gene; Glomulin; Glomuvenous malformation; Vascular