title: Enzyme-entrapped mesoporous silica for treatment of uric acid disorders.
abstract: Gout is an abnormality in the body resulting in the accumulation of uric acid mainly in joints. Dissolution of uric acid crystals into soluble allantoin by the enzyme uricase might provide a better alternative for the treatment of gout. This work aims to investigate the feasibility of a transdermal patch loaded with uricase for better patient compliance. Mesoporous silica (SBA-15) was chosen as the matrix for immobilisation of uricase. Highly oriented mesoporous SBA-15 was synthesized, characterized and uricase was physisorbed in the mesoporous material. The percentage adsorption and release of enzyme in borate buffer was monitored. The release followed linear kinetics and greater than 80% enzyme activity was retained indicating the potential of this system as an effective enzyme immobilization matrix. The enzyme permeability was studied with Wistar rat skin and human cadaver skin. It was found that in case of untreated rat skin 10% of enzyme permeated through skin in 100 h. The permeation increased by adding permeation enhancer (combination of oleic acid in propylene glycol (OA in PG)). The permeation enhancement was studied under two concentrations of OA in PG (1%, 5%) in both rat and human cadaver skin and it was found that 1% OA in PG showed better result in rat skin and 5% OA in PG showed good results in human cadaver skin.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University Thanjavur, 613401 Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Shanthini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muthukoori
authors.forename: Naagarajan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: Manuguri Sesha Sarath
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: Swaminathan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sethuraman
authors.forename: Uma Maheswari
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Krishnan
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D056947:Enzyme Replacement Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006073:Gout / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006074:Gout Suppressants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D016062:Porosity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014503:Urate Oxidase / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D006074:Gout Suppressants; D014527:Uric Acid; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D014503:Urate Oxidase