title: Depressive symptoms moderate treatment response to brief intervention for prevention of alcohol exposed pregnancy.
abstract: The previously published randomized controlled trial, EARLY, tested the efficacy of a motivational interviewing (MI) plus feedback condition against a video information (VI) condition and an informational brochure (IB) condition in reducing drinking and/or increasing contraception effectiveness, and found that drinking and rates of effective contraception improved in all conditions. In this reanalysis of the data from EARLY, potential moderating effects of depressive, global distress, and anxiety symptoms in response to the three brief interventions to reduce alcohol exposed pregnancy risk were examined. Women with higher levels of depression at baseline reported greater improvements in the MI plus feedback condition versus the VI and IB conditions with depression moderating both drinking and contraceptive effectiveness. Global distress moderated only drinking behavior in the MI plus feedback but not other groups and anxiety was not a moderator of outcome in any of the intervention groups. Depressed or distressed women at risk for AEP may benefit from an AEP risk reduction intervention that incorporates interaction with a treatment provider versus educational information provided via video or written materials.
authors.affiliation: Center for Addiction Research and Education, Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 800623, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. jkp2n@virginia.edu
authors.forename: J Kim
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Penberthy
authors.forename: Joshua N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Hook
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hettema
authors.forename: Leah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Farrell-Carnahan
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ingersoll
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D062405:Motivational Interviewing; D011247:Pregnancy; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Brief intervention: motivational interviewing; Depression; Fetal alcohol syndrome; Prevention