title: Inflammation impairs eNOS activation by HDL in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) structure and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activation capacity in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with different acute-phase inflammatory response (APR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-five STEMI patients were stratified in quartiles according to the delta CRP level, calculated by subtracting the CRP value at admission from the CRP peak value (APR peak). The HDL structure and HDL capacity to stimulate NO production were evaluated at admission and at APR peak. STEMI patients with a low APR had a completely preserved HDL structure and HDL ability to activate eNOS and promote NO production, which did not change during STEMI. On the contrary, HDL from STEMI patients developing a significant APR had compromised ability to stimulate eNOS and promote NO production, and underwent a significant particle remodelling during STEMI. The defective capacity to stimulate NO production of HDL isolated from STEMI patients with high APR was explained, at least in part, by the reduced PON-1 and S1P content. The HDL ability to promote cell cholesterol efflux through different pathways was preserved in ACS patients independently of the inflammatory response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results extend previous studies reporting an impaired eNOS-activating capacity of HDL from ACS patients, showing that only a subset of patients undergoing STEMI, and in particular those developing an important inflammatory response, have circulating HDL defective in stimulating endothelial eNOS and NO production.
authors.affiliation: Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gomaraschi
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ossoli
authors.forename: Elda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Favari
authors.forename: Maria Pia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Adorni
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sinagra
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cattin
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Veglia
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bernini
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Franceschini
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calabresi
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000201:enzymology*; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism*; D064546:Protein Kinase C beta / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002784:Cholesterol; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D064546:Protein Kinase C beta; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase
keywords: Acute inflammatory response; Acute myocardial infarction; High-density lipoproteins; Nitric oxide