title: Effect of induced hypothermia on lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in neonatal rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent data suggest that induced hypothermia has some protective effects on experimental lung injury. We aimed to evaluate the protective effect of mild hypothermia in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced neonatal lung injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rat pups were divided into four groups, specifically: (i) A control group, with no LPS administration and maintained in room air; (ii) A LPS group, with antenatal LPS administrated and maintained in room air; (iii) A LPS + hypothermia group, with antenatal LPS administrated and exposed to hypothermia; (iv) A hypothermia group, with no LPS administration and exposed to hypothermia. Intraperitoneal LPS was injected into maternal rats at the 19th and 20th gestational days to establish a neonatal lung injury model. Mild hypothermia was started at the postnatal 24th hour and continued during 24 h. At the postnatal 7th day, the rats were sacrificed and lung samples were evaluated for immunohistochemical tests and proinflammatory gene expression levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hypothermia therapy attenuated the damaging effects of antenatal LPS administration. Furthermore, hypothermia therapy reduced gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α) and induced the expression of a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicated that mild hypothermia therapy is effective in an LPS induced neonatal lung injury model. If these results are supported by further studies, hypothermia may also be a new therapy option for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics .
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Altınsoy
authors.forename: Funda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tuzun
authors.forename: Nuray
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Duman
authors.forename: Ali Haydar
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Sever
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dilek
authors.forename: Seda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozbal
authors.forename: Bekir U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Ergur
authors.forename: Didem C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Yesilirmak
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumral
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C482199:lipopolysaccharide, E coli O55-B5