title: Quantitative analysis of SOD2, ALDH1A1 and MGST1 messenger ribonucleic acid in anterior lens epithelium of patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of selected genes encoding enzymes involved in the antioxidant defense system (superoxide dismutase 2, SOD2; aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, ALDH1A1; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1, MGST1) in fragments of anterior lens capsules of patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX). The specificity and sensitivity of these molecular markers for PEX development were also assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 20 patients (9 women and 11 men) with diagnosed PEX and cataract. The control group included 23 patients (8 women and 15 men) who needed cataract surgery but did not have PEX. Quantification of SOD2, ALDH1A1, and MGST1 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was performed with quantitative real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SOD2, ALDH1A1, and MGST1 mRNAs were detected in all studied samples. The examined genes had statistically significant higher expression in the group of patients with PEX than in the control group (SOD2, p=0.0015; ALDH1A1, p=0.0001; MGST1, p=0.0001, Mann-Whitney U test). The areas under the curve (AUC) of SOD2, MGST1, and ALDH1A1 were 0.766, 0.818, and 0.957, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differential expression of SOD2, ALDH1A1, and MGST1 genes in the anterior lens capsules of patients with PEX suggest that diseased tissue appears to respond to the previously reported oxidative stress. A possible role of ALDH1A1 mRNA level as a risk factor or marker for PEX needs further confirmation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland. bstrzalka@sum.edu.pl
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Strzalka-Mrozik
authors.forename: Lilianna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prudlo
authors.forename: Malgorzata W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Kimsa
authors.forename: Magdalena C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kimsa
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kapral
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nita
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mazurek
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; D057866:Anterior Capsule of the Lens / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004848:Epithelium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012372:ROC Curve; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2
chemical_list: D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; D015415:Biomarkers; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2; C510223:ALDH1A1 protein, human; C122107:microsomal glutathione S-transferase-I