title: Real-time motion correction in two-dimensional multislice imaging with through-plane navigator.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a new real-time strategy to detect and correct for full three-dimensional rigid-body motion in two-dimensional multislice magnetic resonance imaging scans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two through-plane navigator echoes collected on each imaging slice are used to reconstruct two orthogonal through-plane navigator projection images both perpendicular to the imaged slices, within each repetition time. Rotation/translation within each through-plane navigator image plane is detected using a regional image correlation measure that is robust against unaccounted orthogonal rotation and noise. An additional orbital navigator is used to detect rotation within the imaging plane and to reject intrarepetition time motion in real time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The efficacy of the proposed method was demonstrated with in vivo brain studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed real-time three-dimensional motion correction method does not introduce any additional three-dimensional radiofrequency excitation and does not require any additional hardware.
authors.affiliation: Invivo Corporation, Philips Healthcare, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Stewart H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mostofsky
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Duensing
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D019416:Head Movements; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009038:Motion; D012399:Rotation
keywords: image correlation; motion correction; navigator; prospective motion correction; through-plane motion