title: [Edemas in chronic lower extremity venous insufficiency: clinical manifestations, medical and surgical treatments].
abstract: The review presents data on the causes and pathogenesis of lower extremity (LE) edemas with special emphasis on the edemas occurring in chronic LE venous insufficiency. It discusses the possibilities of noninvasive and surgical treatments for LE edemas in venous insufficiency. Particular attention is given to the possibilities of phlebotonic therapy.
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Gorokhovskaia
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Iun
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery