title: Prevalence and factors associated with use of smokeless tobacco in young Swiss men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Smokeless tobacco is of increasing interest to public health researchers and policy makers. This study aims to measure prevalence of smokeless tobacco use (nasal dry snuff, snus and chewing tobacco) among young Swiss men, and to describe its correlates.
  
  
  METHODS
  We invited 13 245 young men to participate in this survey on socio-economic and substance use data. Response rate was 45.2%. We included 5720 participants. Descriptive statistics and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of participants was 19.5 years. Self-reported use once a month or more often was 8% for nasal dry snuff, 3% for snus and negligible for chewing tobacco. In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression, the odds for nasal dry snuff use increased in non daily smokers [odds ratio (OR) 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.90-3.05], compared with non smokers, participants reporting risky weekly drinking volume (OR 3.93, 95% CI 1.86-8.32), compared with abstinents, and binge drinking once a month or more often (OR 7.41, 95% CI 4.11-13.38), compared with never binge drinking. Nasal dry snuff use was positively associated with higher BMI, average or above family income and German language, compared with French, and negatively associated with academic higher education, compared with non higher education, and occasional cannabis use, compared with no cannabis use. Correlates of snus were similar to those of nasal dry snuff.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One in 12 young Swiss men use nasal dry snuff and 3% use snus. Consumption of smokeless tobacco is associated with a cluster of other risky behaviours, especially binge drinking.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department for Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland Roland.Fischer@chuv.ch.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: 1 Department for Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clair
authors.affiliation: 2 Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Studer
authors.affiliation: 1 Department for Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cornuz
authors.affiliation: 2 Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Switzerland3 Addiction Suisse, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gmel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult