title: Concomitant autoantibodies in newly diagnosed diabetic children with transient celiac serology or proven celiac disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously demonstrated that children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) may have transiently elevated tissue transglutaminase antibodies (TTG) on a gluten-containing diet. This study aimed to examine if the presence of autoantibodies in newly diagnosed T1DM differs between patients with celiac disease and those with transient celiac serology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty children were identified who had been diagnosed with T1DM between 2003 and 2009 and who had elevated serum IgA-TTG antibody levels at diagnosis. Blood samples were collected for measurement of insulin (IA-2A) antibodies, islet cell antigen (ICA) antibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies, thyroglobulin (TgAb) antibodies, and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies. Children diagnosed with celiac disease (CD; group 1, n=23) and children in whom TTG antibody levels spontaneously normalized over time (group 2, n=17) were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in positivity rates between groups 1 and 2 were found for any of the autoantibodies tested. The respective findings were as follows: IA-2A 50% and 47.1% (p=0.855); ICA 77.3% and 76.5% (p=0.953); GAD 27.3% and 52.9% (p=0.102). Thyroid antibodies were found positive in a limited number of patients: TgAb 4.5% and 11.8%; TPO 4.5% and 11.8%. In addition, antibody titer levels did not differ significantly for all autoantibodies. Difference in occurrence of clinical or subclinical thyroid disease did not reach significance (4.3% vs. 29.4%; p=0.07). Age was positively correlated with the presence of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibodies, and negatively correlated with the presence of insulin antibody.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither the number of concomitant autoantibodies nor their titers in newly diagnosed T1DM differed between patients with proven CD and those with transient TTG serology.
authors.forename: Iva
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hojsak
authors.forename: Noam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zevit
authors.forename: Orith
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Waisbourd-Zinman
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rosenbach
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mozer-Glassberg
authors.forename: Shlomit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shalitin
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Phillip
authors.forename: Raanan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shamir
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies