title: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging of lactate in patients with bipolar disorder.
abstract: Although brain lactate levels are typically low and difficult to measure, a few previous investigators have reported that brain lactate levels are elevated in patients with bipolar disorder. The present study investigated the distribution of lactate in bipolar and healthy brains using 2D proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging on a 4-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging system. Ratios of the concentration of lactate to N-acetylaspartate, and of lactate to total creatine, were significantly higher in bipolar than in healthy subjects. Lactate signals were primarily localized to the bipolar subjects' caudate and anterior cingulate cortices, components of the frontal-subcortical circuit, suggesting that affective dysregulation may be related to metabolic abnormalities in this network.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati: College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
authors.forename: Wen-Jang
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Melissa P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Delbello
authors.forename: Kelly B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Jarvis
authors.forename: Mathew M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: Mi-Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Wade
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Jing-Huei
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Strakowski
authors.forename: Caleb M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Adler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001224:Aspartic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline
keywords: Anterior cingulate cortex; Caudate; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy