title: GAPDH is critical for superior efficacy of female bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pulmonary arterial hypertension, a chronic lung disease, remains an unacceptable prognosis despite significant advances in conventional therapies. Stem cell therapy represents a novel and effective modality. This study was aimed to add new insight in gender differences of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on therapy against pulmonary arterial hypertension and the underlying mechanism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By in vivo experiments, we showed for the first time female bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells possessed a better therapeutic potential against monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in C57BL/6J mice compared with male counterparts. In vitro experiments demonstrated superior function of female bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in cell proliferation, migration and [Ca(2+)]i kinetics. Moreover, we unexpectedly found that, compared with male ones, female bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells had a higher expression level of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and manipulations of its expression in female or male bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells profoundly affected their cellular behaviours and therapeutic efficacies against pulmonary arterial hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase plays a critical role in determining the superior functions of female bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in cell therapy against pulmonary arterial hypertension by regulating [Ca(2+)]i signal-associated cellular behaviours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rubin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Jiansha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaochun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Kaikobad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irani
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D065627:Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension; D005260:Female; D024581:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating) / Q000502:physiology*; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D024581:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating); D002118:Calcium
keywords: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; Gender; Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Pulmonary arterial hypertension