title: A spatial analysis of student binge drinking, alcohol-outlet density, and social disadvantages.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper examined whether and how student binge drinking at the individual level was influenced by population disadvantages, community instability, alcohol-outlet density, and protective factors generated by community and school.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a dataset collected in 2002 by the Alabama Department of Mental Health, with additional materials generated by the 2000 Census and from the Alabama State Department of Education. School-catchments were employed as geographic units of analysis. The final sample comprised 78,138 public-school students in grades 6-12 who attended schools located in the 566 school-catchments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We hypothesized the presence of spatial processes that, once identified, would enhance understanding of student binge drinking. Our results confirmed that student binge drinking in a focal area was affected by that area's structural factors and also by individual-level risk and protective factors. The results did not support the hypothesized impact of surrounding areas' characteristics on student binge drinking in the focal area.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study clearly indicate that both environment-based factors and individual-level risk and protective factors are important in explaining student binge drinking in Alabama.
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA. clo@ua.edu
authors.forename: Celia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Tyrone C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000407:Alabama; D063425:Binge Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D062206:Spatial Analysis; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology