title: Occurrence of estrogenic activities in second-grade surface water and ground water in the Yangtze River Delta, China.
abstract: Second-grade surface water and ground water are considered as the commonly used cleanest water in the Yangtze River Delta, which supplies centralized drinking water and contains rare species. However, some synthetic chemicals with estrogenic disrupting activities are detectable. Estrogenic activities in the second-grade surface water and ground water were surveyed by a green monkey kidney fibroblast (CV-1) cell line based ER reporter gene assay. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were further conducted to identify the responsible compounds. Estrogen receptor (ER) agonist activities were present in 7 out of 16 surface water and all the ground water samples. Huaihe River and Yangtze River posed the highest toxicity potential. The highest equivalent (2.2 ng E2/L) is higher than the predicted no-effect-concentration (PNEC). Bisphenol A (BPA) contributes to greater than 50% of the total derived equivalents in surface water, and the risk potential in this region deserves more attention and further research.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Guanjiu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Sulan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Si
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jianfang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Xinxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xinru
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004967:Estrogens; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Bisphenol A; ER-EQ(20–80) ranges; Estrogen receptor equivalent; Estrogenic activities; Ground water; Second-grade surface water