title: Common prescription medication use and erectile dysfunction: results from the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of erectile dysfunction (ED) with commonly used medications including antihypertensive treatment (AHT), psychoactive medication and pain and anti-inflammatory medication.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Boston Area Community Health (BACH) survey used a multistage stratified design to recruit a random sample of 2301 men aged 30-79 years. ED was assessed using the five-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5). Prescription medications, captured using a combination of drug inventory and self-report with a prompt by indication, included in this analysis comprised AHT, psychoactive medication, and pain and anti-inflammatory medication. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of the association of medication use with ED and to adjust for potential confounders including age, comorbid conditions and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariable analyses showed benzodiazepines (adjusted OR = 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03, 5.31) and tricyclic antidepressants (adjusted OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 1.09, 10.27) were associated with ED, while no association was observed for serotonin reuptake inhibitors/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and atypical antipsychotics. The use of AHT, whether in monotherapy or in conjunction with other AHTs, and pain or anti-inflammatory medications were not associated with ED after accounting for confounding factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of the BACH survey suggest adverse effects of some psychoactive medications (benzodiazepines and tricyclic antidepressants). No evidence of an association of AHT or pain and anti-inflammatory medication with ED was observed.
authors.affiliation: New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Varant
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kupelian
authors.forename: Susan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: McKinlay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000009:adverse effects; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001900:Boston / Q000453:epidemiology; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines
keywords: epidemiology; erectile dysfunction; pharmaco-epidemiology