title: Awake endotracheal retrograde intubation in restricted mouth opening: a 'J'-tipped guide wire technique--a retrospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Airway management in patient with restricted mouth opening is a great challenge, owing to the difficulty in laryngoscopy and visualisation of the vocal cords during the procedure of intubation. The term retrograde intubation refers to a technique in which a guide wire is passed into the trachea and then into the mouth or nose. A tracheal tube is then passed down over the guide until it enters the trachea.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective audit was undertaken to determine the success and complication associated with retrograde intubation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that in a sample of 20 patients in which retrograde intubation was done, only three developed sore throat and cough, one had bronchospasm and one developed infection at the site of insertion of a J-tipped catheter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retrograde tracheal intubation was easy to perform and had a high success rate and a low incidence of complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Wardha, Maharastra, 442101, India, drbholanitin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhola
authors.forename: Anendd
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jadhav
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borle
authors.forename: Gaurav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Khemka
authors.forename: Abbas Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ajani
mesh_terms: D001986:Bronchial Spasm / Q000209:etiology; D003371:Cough / Q000209:etiology; D019230:Dental Audit; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome