title: Single incisional approach for reconstruction of hypospadias and concomitant inguinal hernia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the feasibility, cosmetic outcome and therapeutic values of our single incisional approach in patients with both hypospadias and inguinal hernia (IH) in comparison with standard multiple incisional techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty hypospadias-IH repairs were performed from February 2005 to February 2012. These patients were divided into two groups according to their age and hypospadias location. They were then separated randomly into multiple incision (MIG) and single incision (SIG) groups. Early and late complications were taken into consideration. Postoperative pain, need for analgesics, operative time, hospital stay and cosmetic results were recorded for further evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were followed up at 6-month intervals for up to 2 years postoperatively. Early and late complication rates were approximately the same in the two groups. 73.3% of patients in MIG and 96.6% in SIG attained an excellent cosmetic result according to two external surgeons. There was no case with poor cosmetic outcome in either group. More analgesic consumption was demanded in MIG patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This method of surgery is reproducible with better cosmetic outcome and a slightly shorter hospital stay. It could be a viable option in the management of children with hypospadias and concomitant IH. Negligible postoperative pain and short operative time are the other advantages.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Urology Research Center, Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: kajbafzd@sina.tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Abdol-Mohammad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kajbafzadeh
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Urology Research Center, Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: shabnamita.sk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shabnam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabetkish
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Urology Research Center, Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: amirhassanmah@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Amir Hassan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mahboubi
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Urology Research Center, Department of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: Nastaran.sk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nastaran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sabetkish
mesh_terms: D015897:Comorbidity; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Cosmetic result; Hypospadias; Inguinal hernia; Pain scale