title: Indole-3-butyric acid induces lateral root formation via peroxisome-derived indole-3-acetic acid and nitric oxide.
abstract: Controlled plant growth requires regulation through a variety of signaling molecules, including steroids, peptides, radicals of oxygen and nitrogen, as well as the 'classical' phytohormone groups. Auxin is critical for the control of plant growth and also orchestrates many developmental processes, such as the formation of new roots. It modulates root architecture both slowly, through actions at the transcriptional level and, more rapidly, by mechanisms targeting primarily plasma membrane sensory systems and intracellular signaling pathways. The latter reactions use several second messengers, including Ca(2+) , nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we investigated the different roles of two auxins, the major auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and another endogenous auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), in the lateral root formation process of Arabidopsis and maize. This was mainly analyzed by different types of fluorescence microscopy and inhibitors of NO production. This study revealed that peroxisomal IBA to IAA conversion is followed by peroxisomal NO, which is important for IBA-induced lateral root formation. We conclude that peroxisomal NO emerges as a new player in auxin-induced root organogenesis. In particular, the spatially and temporally coordinated release of NO and IAA from peroxisomes is behind the strong promotion of lateral root formation via IBA.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linne-Weg 10, 50829, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schlicht
authors.affiliation: Institut für Botanik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ludwig-Müller
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Cell Biology IZMB, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burbach
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Cell Biology IZMB, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Volkmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Cell Biology IZMB, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Frantisek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baluska
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007211:Indoles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D036226:Seedlings / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D007211:Indoles; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C014612:indolebutyric acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C030737:indoleacetic acid
keywords: Arabidopsis; indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); lateral root formation; maize; nitric oxide (NO); peroxisomes