title: Modification of clearview tuberculosis (TB) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for TB patients not infected with HIV.
abstract: Diagnosis of active tuberculosis by detection of urinary lipoarabinomannan (uLAM) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an attractive approach. Concentrating urine 100-fold allowed quantitation of uLAM at levels equal to picograms/ml of nonconcentrated urine. The approach of concentrating urine 100-fold improved the clinical sensitivity of the Clearview TB enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from 7% to 57% yet impaired its specificity from 97% to 89%. (This study has been registered at University Hospital of Turku under registration no. 47/180/2009, Helsinki University Central Hospital under 149/2010, University Hospital of Kuopio under 105/2010, and China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, under DMR-99-IRB-075-2.).
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. laura.e.savolainen@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Savolainen
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kantele
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sandboge
authors.forename: Marita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sirén
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Valleala
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tuompo
authors.forename: Liana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pusa
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Erkinjuntti-Pekkanen
authors.forename: Aija
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knuuttila
authors.forename: Cheng-Lung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Chih-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Tuula
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vasankari
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuuminen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000652:urine*; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C050016:lipoarabinomannan