title: Cross-sectional associations of objectively measured physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and anthropometry in European adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the independent associations between objectively measured physical activity (PA), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and anthropometry in European men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  2,056 volunteers from 12 centers across Europe were fitted with a heart rate and movement sensor at 2 visits 4 months apart for a total of 8 days. CRF (ml/kg/min) was estimated from an 8 minute ramped step test. A cross-sectional analysis of the independent associations between objectively measured PA (m/s(2)/d), moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (%time/d), sedentary time (%time/d), CRF, and anthropometry using sex stratified multiple linear regression was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In mutually adjusted models, CRF, PA, and MVPA were inversely associated with all anthropometric markers in women. In men, CRF, PA, and MVPA were inversely associated with BMI, whereas only CRF was significantly associated with the other anthropometric markers. Sedentary time was positively associated with all anthropometric markers, however, after adjustment for CRF significant in women only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CRF, PA, MVPA, and sedentary time are differently associated with anthropometric markers in men and women. CRF appears to attenuate associations between PA, MVPA, and sedentary time. These observations may have implications for prevention of obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wientzek
authors.forename: María-José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tormo Díaz
authors.forename: Jose Maria Huerta
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Castaño
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amiano
authors.forename: Larraitz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arriola
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Overvad
authors.forename: Jane Nautrup
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Østergaard
authors.forename: Marie-Aline
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fagherazzi
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palli
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bendinelli
authors.forename: Guri
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Skeie
authors.forename: Kristin Benjaminsen
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Borch
authors.forename: Wanda
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wendel-Vos
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Hollander
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Marjolein E M
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: den Ouden
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trichopoulou
authors.forename: Elissavet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Valanou
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Söderberg
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Franks
authors.forename: Soren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brage
authors.forename: Matthäus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vigl
authors.forename: Heiner
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boeing
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ekelund
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005060:Europe; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011446:Prospective Studies; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D055105:Waist Circumference; D044465:White People