title: Measures of cultural competence in nurses: an integrative review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is limited literature available identifying and describing the instruments that measure cultural competence in nursing students and nursing professionals.
  
  
  METHODS
  An integrative review was undertaken to identify the characteristics common to these instruments, examine their psychometric properties, and identify the concepts these instruments are designed to measure.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were eleven instruments identified that measure cultural competence in nursing. Of these eleven instruments, four had been thoroughly tested in either initial development or in subsequent testing, with developers providing extensive details of the testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The current literature identifies that the instruments to assess cultural competence in nurses and nursing students are self-administered and based on individuals' perceptions. The instruments are commonly utilized to test the effectiveness of educational programs designed to increase cultural competence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reviewed instruments measure nurses' self-perceptions or self-reported level of cultural competence but offer no objective measure of culturally competent care from a patient's perspective which can be problematic. Comparison of instruments reveals that they are based on a variety of conceptual frameworks and that multiple factors should be considered when deciding which instrument to use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX 79016, USA. cloftin@wtamu.edu
authors.forename: Collette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loftin
authors.forename: Vicki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hartin
authors.forename: Marietta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Branson
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reyes
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D054521:Cultural Competency; D038622:Internationality; D009731:Nursing Audit / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012649:Self Concept; D016746:Transcultural Nursing / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*