title: Enhancing treatment engagement in sexual offenders: a pilot study to explore the utility of the Personal Aspirations and Concerns Inventory for Offenders (PACI-O).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is essential to improve the motivation of incarcerated sexual offenders to engage in programmes that help lower reoffending rates. The Personal Aspirations and Concerns Inventory for Offenders (PACI-O) is a semi-structured interview that helps them to identify what they want to achieve or change in their life. It may improve treatment engagement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to test use of the PACI-O as a motivator towards treatment engagement and to test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of this with sex offenders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven convicted sex offenders who were due to participate in an Enhanced Thinking Skills programme were randomly assigned to the 'experimental' group, who completed the PACI-O prior to programme entry, or a control group, who completed the programme but not the PACI-O. All participants completed treatment engagement measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Small positive changes were observed in indicators of treatment motivation and engagement, which were most marked in the small group of offence deniers. The RCT method proved feasible.
  Although our sample was small, our preliminary finding indicates that the PACI-O may provide a cost-effective method of improving treatment engagement for a hard-to-reach group of offenders. Replication with a sample of just over 100 men should offer sufficient power for establishing this technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Psychology, Cardiff School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University (UWIC), Llandaff Campus, Western Avenue, Cardiff, CF5 2YB, UK. jsellen@cardiffmet.ac.uk
authors.forename: Joselyn Liza
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sellen
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gobbett
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D057237:Criminals / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012742:Sex Offenses / Q000523:psychology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome