title: Vitamin (B1, B2, B3 and B6) content and oxidative stability of Gastrocnemius muscle from dry-cured hams elaborated with different nitrifying salt contents and by two ageing times.
abstract: The effect of the amount of added nitrate and nitrate plus nitrite to dry-cured hams on the vitamin (B1, B2, B3, B6) content, the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activities and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was assessed in Gastrocnemius muscle at the end of two ripening processes. Five different curing mixtures (Hi-N: 600 KNO3; Lo-N: 150 KNO3; Hi-Mix: 600 KNO3+600 NaNO2; Lo-Mix: 150 KNO3+150 NaNO2; Hi-Mix/Asc: 600 KNO3+600 NaNO2+500 sodium ascorbate, expressed as mg of salts added on surface per kg of fresh ham) were evaluated in dry-cured hams aged for 11.5months (standard process, SP) and 22months (long process, LP). Minor differences in target parameters between the hams due to the process were found. The amount of nitrate when it was added alone or as a mixture of nitrate and nitrite, as well as the ascorbate addition to dry-cured hams did not affect vitamin B1, B2 and B3 contents. The level of vitamin B6 was affected by both the amount and the mixture of salts; the addition of nitrite reduced around 40% the content of vitamin B6, but it was not affected by nitrate or ascorbate. The activity of SOD and CAT decreased with the amount of nitrate and nitrite, while GSHPx and TBARS resulted unaffected.
authors.affiliation: IRTA-Food Industries, Finca Camps i Armet s/n. 17121 Monells, Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gratacós-Cubarsí
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sárraga
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castellari
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Guàrdia
authors.forename: J A García
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Regueiro
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arnau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012492:Salts; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D012492:Salts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Dry-cured ham; Nitrate; Nitrite; Oxidative stability; Vitamins