title: Cross Sectional Assessment of Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among patients with cancer in Malaysia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is an important aspect in identifying cancer patients' perceptions of being diagnosed with cancer and the assessment of treatment outcomes. The present study aimedto assess the profile and predicators of HRQoL of Malaysian oncology patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross sectional study adopting the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) was conducted. All cancer patients attending Penang General Hospital between August-November 2011 were approached. Descriptive statistics were used to assess demographic and disease related characteristics of the patients. All analyses were performed using SPSS v 16.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred and ninety three cancer patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 53.9 (SD±13) years. The cohort was dominated by females (n=260, 66.2%). Nearly half (n=190, 48.3%) of the participants were of Malay ethnicity, practicing Islam as their religion (n=194, 49.4%). Two hundred and ninety six (n=296, 75.3%) had beene diagnosed with cancer within six months to 3 years previously. The most common primary cancer site was breast (n=143, 36.4%). The mean Global Health Status (GHS) score was 60.7 (SD=21.3). Females (mean GHS score of 62.3, p=0.035) with Malay ethnicity (mean GHS score of 63.8, p=0.047), practicing Islam as their religion (mean GHS score of 63.0, p=0.011) had better GHS scores. Patients having medical insurance had good scores (mean 65.6, p=0.021). Marital status was significantly associated with GHS scores (p=0.022). Bone cancer patientshad the lowest mean GHS score of 49.2 (p=0.044). Patients at very advanced stages of cancer featured a low GHS mean score of 52.2 (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study identified many demographic and disease related factors which may contribute to the HRQoL of cancer patients, pointing to the necessity for improved management of disease symptoms and provision of psychological and financial support.
authors.affiliation: Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. maryamfarooqui.uitm@gmail.com
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farooqui
authors.forename: Mohamed Azmi
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hassali
authors.forename: Aishah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: Asrul Akmal
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Shafie
authors.forename: Muhammad Aslam
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Farooqui
authors.forename: Fahad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saleem
authors.forename: Noman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: ul Haq
authors.forename: Che Noriah
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Othman
authors.forename: Hisham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aljadhey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult