title: The potential for cell-based therapy in perinatal brain injuries.
abstract: Perinatal brain injuries are a leading cause of cerebral palsy worldwide. The potential of stem cell therapy to prevent or reduce these impairments has been widely discussed within the medical and scientific communities and an increasing amount of research is being conducted in this field. Animal studies support the idea that a number of stem cells types, including cord blood and mesenchymal stem cells have a neuroprotective effect in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Both these cell types are readily available in a clinical setting. The mechanisms of action appear to be diverse, including immunomodulation, activation of endogenous stem cells, release of growth factors, and anti-apoptotic effects. Here, we review the different types of stem cells and progenitor cells that are potential candidates for therapeutic strategies in perinatal brain injuries, and summarize recent preclinical and clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: The Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Institute Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA ; Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Andre W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Michael V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fatemi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005311:Fetal Hypoxia / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends
keywords: Cerebral Palsy; Stem Cell; brain injury; hypoxia ischemia; neonate