title: Ethnic differences in the effects of hepatic fat deposition on insulin resistance in nonobese middle school girls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In nonobese youth, to investigate whether hepatic fat deposition and its metabolic consequences vary between ethnic groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two nonobese girls (12 Hispanic White [H] and 20 non-Hispanic White [NHW] girls), aged 11-14 years old were recruited. Outcome measures were MRI measured hepatic proton density fat fraction (hepatic PDFF), BMI Z-score, waist circumference, fasting insulin, glucose, adiponectin, sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG], ALT, AST, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in mean BMI Z-scores (P = 0.546) or hepatic PDFF (P = 0.275) between H and NHW girls; however, H girls showed significant correlations between hepatic PDFF and markers of IR (fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, adiponectin, SHBG, triglycerides; all P < 0.05), while NHW girls showed no significant correlations. Matched by hepatic PDFF or BMI Z-score, H girls had more evidence of IR for a given hepatic PDFF (mean insulin, HOMA-IR, and SHBG; all P < 0.05) or BMI Z-score (mean insulin and HOMA-IR; all P < 0.01) than NHW girls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In nonobese female youth, ethnicity-related differences in effects of hepatic fat on IR are evident, so that in H girls, a given amount of hepatic fat appears to result in a more predictable and greater degree of IR than in NHW girls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Wolfgram
authors.forename: Ellen L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rehm
authors.forename: Jens C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Eickhoff
authors.forename: Scott B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Reeder
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D009765:Obesity; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007328:Insulin; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase