title: Relationship between diabetes mellitus with dural arteriovenous fistula.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aetiology of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is not well known, but it has been suggested that abnormality in angiogenesis plays a pathological role. Abnormality in angiogenesis is also involved in diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to quantify the relation between DAVF and DM in a Korean population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of 192 patients with DAVF between 2002 and 2011 were reviewed. Age, sex and the presence of DM, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, stroke, coronary artery disease and cancers were compared between DAVF and control subjects. Data for control were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The relationship of DM and DAVF location, presenting symptoms (benign vs. aggressive) and classification (Borden and Geibprasert) were assessed using the Pearson's chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of DM was higher in DAVF patients (19.8 %) than in controls (9.5 %; p = 0.004). Univariate analysis showed that DM (odds ratio (OR), 2.356; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.634-3.399; p < 0.001) and age (OR, 1.022; 95 % CI, 1.012-1.032; p < 0.001) increased the odds of DAVF. This was supported by multivariate analysis (DM: OR, 2.092; 95 % CI, 1.391-3.145; p = 0.0004 and Age: OR, 1.021; 95 % CI, 1.009-1.033; p = 0.001). When these analyses were repeated after stratification by sex, there was no relation between age and DAVF in men. Borden II and III (p = 0.038) and aggressive symptoms (p = 0.023) were related to DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a positive relation between DM and DAVF in a Korean population. DAVFs with aggressive symptoms and behaviour were more commonly related to DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 138-736, South Korea. lee0324@gmail.com
authors.forename: Dong-Geun
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Lin Bo
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jae Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Deok Hee
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dae Chul
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution