title: Surface zwitterionization of expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) membranes via atmospheric plasma-induced polymerization for enhanced skin wound healing.
abstract: Development of bioinert membranes to prevent blood clotting, tissue adhesion, and bacterial attachment is important for the wound healing process. In this work, two wound-contacting membranes of expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE) grafted with zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA) via atmospheric plasma-induced surface copolymerization were studied. The surface grafting chemical structure, hydrophilicity, and hydration capability of the membranes were determined to illustrate the correlations between bioadhesive properties and wound recovery of PEGylated and zwitterionic ePTFE membranes. Bioadhesive properties of the membranes were evaluated by the plasma protein adsorption, platelet activation, blood cell hemolysis, tissue cell adhesion, and bacterial attachment. It was found that the zwitterionic PSBMA-grafted ePTFE membrane presented high hydration capability and exhibited the best nonbioadhesive character in contact with protein solution, human blood, tissue cells, and bacterial medium. This work shows that zwitterionic membrane dressing provides a moist environment, essential for "deep" skin wound healing observed from the animal rat model in vivo and permits a complete recovery after 14 days, with histology of repaired skin similar to that of normal skin tissue. This work suggests that the bioinert nature of grafted PSBMA polymers obtained by controlling grafting structures gives them great potential in the molecular design of antibioadhesive membranes for use in skin tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan University, Chung Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jheng-Fong
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Jhong
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Venault
authors.forename: Chun-Chung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Sheng-Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ta-Chin
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D001622:Betaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D058105:Polymerization; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000502:physiology; D013499:Surface Properties; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001798:Blood Proteins; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008689:Methacrylates; D011108:Polymers; C524499:polyethylene glycol methacrylate; D001622:Betaine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C483727:sulfobetaine; C015531:tetrafluoroethylene