title: An in vitro evaluation of microtensile bond strength of resin-based sealer with dentin treated with diode and Nd:YAG laser.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Smear layer is a negative factor which prevents adhesion of the filling material to the dentinal walls. Recent advances in dental research have incorporated lasers as a potential adjunct in root canal treatment by removing the smear layer before filling the root canal system, enhancing the adhesion of sealers to dentin and improving the sealing ability.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the microtensile bond strength of AH-Plus resin-based sealer to dentin after treatment with 980 nm diode and 1,064 nm neodymium-doped:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty specimens prepared for three groups namely group I (control), group II (980 nm diode-lased specimens) and group III (Nd:YAG-lased specimens). One tooth from each group was observed under scanning electron microscope for evaluation of intracanal root dentin morphology. Remaining specimens were used for making microsections by hard tissue microtome. Specimens for groups II and III were lased with 980 nm diode and 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser. AH Plus sealer was applied onto specimens and mounted onto Instron universal testing machine for microtensile bond strength testing. Results were subjected to statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group III Nd:YAG had maximum mean microtensile bond strength values (11.558 ± 0.869), followed by group II diode (9.073 ± 0.468) and group I control (6.05 ± 0.036). Statistically significant differences were seen among all the groups. SEM analysis shows removal of smear layer in both groups II and III.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both Nd:YAG and diode laser were more effective than control group in improving the microtensile bond strength of AH Plus sealer to dentin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lasers have the potential to increase the adhesiveness of root canal sealer to dentin surface, thereby improving the quality of root canal obturation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saraswati-Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital Parbhani, Maharashtra, India. dr_mantissa_das@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Maneesha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: G Anil
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Sindhu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramesh
authors.forename: Surendranath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garapati
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D001840:Dental Bonding; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008867:Microtomy; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D016369:Smear Layer; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D004853:Epoxy Resins; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; C534916:epoxy resin-based root canal sealer