title: Diaphragmatic and intercostal muscle tear after an episode of violent sneezing: spontaneous diaphragmatic injury.
abstract: Spontaneous diaphragmatic injuries are rare, accounting for approximately 1% of all diaphragmatic injuries. We report a case of a 69-year-old male with a concurrent lower respiratory tract infection who sustained diaphragmatic and intercostal muscle injuries after an episode of violent sneezing. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of spontaneous diaphragmatic injury after sneezing.
authors.affiliation: Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alvin H K
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Karangizi
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Renaud
authors.forename: Jagan N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Govind
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chetty
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D006491:Hemothorax / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007366:Intercostal Muscles / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D012912:Sneezing; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed