title: Oral manifestations of systemic alterations in early childhood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to describe certain common oral manifestations during early childhood that should be known by the pediatric dental surgeon.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The correct diagnosis and treatment of oral manifestations during early childhood is important for children's development. The pediatric dentist is responsible for maintaining oral health in children, since they change constantly during their development and growth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four cases of oral lesions are described, in which the diagnosis and related approach for each one is reported. The first was an acute primary herpetic gingivostomatitis, the second, pseudomembranous candidiasis, the third, chickenpox and the last was molluscum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Professionals who treat children in this age group must be able to diagnose and treat common oral manifestations when necessary and should refer the child to a pediatrician for effective treatment if the presence of any systemic alteration is suspected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pathognomonic signs of the most common oral manifestations in early childhood should be known by dentists to improve early diagnosis and proper management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Cristina Ramos Lima
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Padovani
authors.forename: Patricia Silva
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baeder
authors.forename: Giselle Rodrigues
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: de Sant'Anna
authors.forename: Maria Teresa Botti Rodrigues
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Renata Oliveira
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Guaré
mesh_terms: D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000175:diagnosis; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000175:diagnosis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008976:Molluscum Contagiosum / Q000175:diagnosis; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D013283:Stomatitis, Herpetic / Q000175:diagnosis