title: Influence of assessment instrument on ADHD diagnosis.
abstract: We compared four instruments commonly used to screen for and diagnose Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children. The Bergen Child Study included a DSM-IV ADHD symptom list and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) as screen in Phase one. Phase two included the parent Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), whereas Phase three comprised in-depth clinical assessment, including the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children (K-SADS). We compared ADHD as diagnosed by the four instruments in the children with normal intellectual functioning participating in all three phases (N = 234). The DSM-IV ADHD symptom list showed moderate agreement with all other instruments (κ = 0.53-0.57), whereas there was fair agreement between the K-SADS-DAWBA (κ = 0.31) and between SDQ-DAWBA (κ = 0.33). The DAWBA diagnosed fewer children with ADHD than did the other instruments. Implications for use of the instruments are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway. maj-britt.posserud@uni.no.|Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Well-Fare, Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway. maj-britt.posserud@uni.no.|Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. maj-britt.posserud@uni.no.|K. G. Jebsen Center for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bergen, Norway. maj-britt.posserud@uni.no.
authors.forename: Maj-Britt
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Posserud
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Well-Fare, Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Anne Karin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ullebø
authors.affiliation: Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Capital Region, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Kerstin Jessica
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Plessen
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Well-Fare, Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway.|Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Kjell Morten
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Stormark
authors.affiliation: Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gillberg
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Well-Fare, Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway.|Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.|K. G. Jebsen Center for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Astri Johansen
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lundervold
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010290:Parents; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: ADHD; Agreement; Assessment; DAWBA; Epidemiology; K-SADS; SDQ