title: Common genetic loci influencing plasma homocysteine concentrations and their effect on risk of coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The strong observational association between total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the null associations in the homocysteine-lowering trials have prompted the need to identify genetic variants associated with homocysteine concentrations and risk of CAD.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We tested whether common genetic polymorphisms associated with variation in tHcy are also associated with CAD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on tHcy concentrations in 44,147 individuals of European descent. Polymorphisms associated with tHcy (P < 10(⁻⁸) were tested for association with CAD in 31,400 cases and 92,927 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Common variants at 13 loci, explaining 5.9% of the variation in tHcy, were associated with tHcy concentrations, including 6 novel loci in or near MMACHC (2.1 × 10⁻⁹), SLC17A3 (1.0 × 10⁻⁸), GTPB10 (1.7 × 10⁻⁸), CUBN (7.5 × 10⁻¹⁰), HNF1A (1.2 × 10⁻¹²)), and FUT2 (6.6 × 10⁻⁹), and variants previously reported at or near the MTHFR, MTR, CPS1, MUT, NOX4, DPEP1, and CBS genes. Individuals within the highest 10% of the genotype risk score (GRS) had 3-μmol/L higher mean tHcy concentrations than did those within the lowest 10% of the GRS (P = 1 × 10⁻³⁶). The GRS was not associated with risk of CAD (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.04; P = 0.49).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified several novel loci that influence plasma tHcy concentrations. Overall, common genetic variants that influence plasma tHcy concentrations are not associated with risk of CAD in white populations, which further refutes the causal relevance of moderately elevated tHcy concentrations and tHcy-related pathways for CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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mesh_terms: D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005796:Genes; D056426:Genetic Loci; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006710:Homocysteine