title: Factors associated to salt intake in chronic hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Salt intake increases fluid intake and, consequently, blood pressure (BP) and interdialytic weight gain (IDWG), known as morbi-mortality risk factors for hemodialysis (HD) patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Evaluate salt intake and food sources, as well as its relationship with demographics, clinical and nutritional parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study with 109 patients (66% women, age = 49.0 ± 12.6 years) from five dialysis centers. For total salt intake, a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the use of discretionary salt were estimated. The relationship of salt intake with many factors was studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Salt intake was high (8.6 ± 5.4 g/day) and 72% came from discretionary salt. Only literacy was significantly correlated total salt intake (r = -0.29, p < 0.01) and discretionary salt (r = -0.30, p < 0.01). With FFQ food items, there was a positive correlation with the %IDWG (r = 0.26, p < 0.01) and negative with age (r = -0.35, p < 0.001). Direct relationship between salt intake with %IDWG was found in the anuric subgroup (r = 0.26, p < 0.05) and with medium BP in those with no prescription of hypotensive drugs (r = 0.35, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salt intake was high mainly due to discretionary salt. It was associated with education and adversely affected %IDWG in anuric patients and medium BP in those not taking hypotensive drugs.
authors.affiliation: Pro-Kidney Foundation, Joinville, SC. fabiana@prorim.com.br
authors.forename: Fabiana Baggio
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Nerbass
authors.forename: Jyana Gomes
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.forename: Rafaela Gonzaga
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Tatiana Stela
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kruger
authors.forename: Andrea Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Sczip
authors.forename: Hercilio Alexandre
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: da Luz Filho
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D012982:Sodium, Dietary