title: Involvement of exercise-induced macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the prevention of fatty liver disease.
abstract: Physical inactivity can lead to obesity and fat accumulation in various tissues. Critical complications of obesity include type II diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Exercise has been reported to have ameliorating effects on obesity and NAFLD. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. We showed that liver expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was increased after 4 weeks of treadmill exercise. Phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase in human hepatocyte cell lines was enhanced after MIF treatment. These responses were accompanied by increases in lipid oxidation. Moreover, inhibition of either AMPK or cluster of differentiation 74 resulted in inhibition of MIF-induced lipid oxidation. Furthermore, the administration of MIF to a human hepatocyte cell line and mice liver reduced liver X receptor agonist-induced lipid accumulation. Taken together, these results indicate that MIF is highly expressed in the liver during physical exercise and may prevent hepatic steatosis by activating the AMPK pathway.
authors.affiliation: BioSignal Network Laboratory, School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Youl
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Parkyong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Cheol Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Pann-Ghill
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015444:Exercise; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; D010766:Phosphorylation
chemical_list: D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
keywords: cytokines; exercise; lipid; liver; molecular biology