title: RETRACTED: Bullous pemphigoid: associations and management guidelines: facts and controversies.
abstract: This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).
  
  This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor following the discovery that the text overlaps significantly with sections of several articles that are cited in the reference section, including the following:
  
  Culton DA, Diaz LA. Treatment of subepidermal immunobullous diseases. Clin Dermatol 2012;30:95–102.
  
  Meurer M. Immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune bullous diseases. Clin Dermatol 2012;30:78–83.
  
  Ljubojevic S, Lipozencic J. Autoimmune bullous diseases associations. Clin Dermatol 2012;30:17–33.
  
  Sehgal VN, Verma. Leflunomide: dermatologic perspective. J Dermatolog Treat 2013;24:89–95.
  
  Gürcan HM, Ahmed AR. Analysis of current data on the use of methotrexate in the treatment of pemphigus and pemphigoid. Br J Dermatol 2009;16:723–31.
  
  Chen YJ, Wu CY, Lin MW, et al. Comorbidity profiles among patients with bullous pemphigoid: a nationwide population-based study. Br J Dermatol 2011;165:593–9
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via S. Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruocco
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100 Israel; The School of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Ronni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via S. Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caccavale
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via S. Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brancaccio
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via S. Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ruocco
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via S. Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy. Electronic address: ada.loschiavo@unina2.it.
authors.forename: Ada
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lo Schiavo
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010391:Pemphigoid, Bullous / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D010956:Plasmapheresis / Q000379:methods*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents