title: Microflora and periodontal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Periodontitis is a disease that affects and destroys the tissues that support teeth. Tissue damage results from a prolonged inflammatory response to an ecological shift in the composition of subgingival biofilms. Three bacterial species that constitute the red complex group, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola, are considered the main pathogens involved in periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, a real-time polymerase chain reaction bases assay was designed to detect and quantify red complex species, then used to investigate 307 periodontal pocket samples from 127 periodontitis patients and 180 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant higher prevalence of red complex species and increased amount of P. gingivalis and T. denticola were detected in periodontal pocket of periodontitis patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results demonstrated that the test is a valuable tool to improve diagnosis of periodontal disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Centre of Molecular Genetics, CARISBO Foundation, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scapoli
authors.forename: Ambra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Girardi
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmieri
authors.forename: Tiziano
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Testori
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zuffetti
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Monguzzi
authors.forename: Dorina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lauritano
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carinci
keywords: Bone; diseases; inflammation; ligament; periodontal; resorption; tooth