title: Noninvasive brain stimulation: from physiology to network dynamics and back.
abstract: Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques have been widely used for studying the physiology of the CNS, identifying the functional role of specific brain structures and, more recently, exploring large-scale network dynamics. Here we review key findings that contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the physiological and behavioral effects of these techniques. We highlight recent innovations using noninvasive stimulation to investigate global brain network dynamics and organization. New combinations of these techniques, in conjunction with neuroimaging, will further advance the utility of their application.
authors.affiliation: Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Eran
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dayan
authors.forename: Nitzan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Censor
authors.forename: Ethan R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Buch
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandrini
authors.forename: Leonardo G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation