title: Co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus: an overview and motivation for systems approaches.
abstract: Tuberculosis is a devastating disease that accounts for a high proportion of infectious disease morbidity and mortality worldwide. HIV-1 co-infection exacerbates tuberculosis. Enhanced understanding of the host-pathogen relationship in HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection is required. While reductionist approaches have yielded many valuable insights into disease pathogenesis, systems approaches are required that develop data-driven models able to predict emergent properties of this complex co-infection system in order to develop novel therapeutic approaches and to improve diagnostics. Here, we provide a pathogenesis-focused overview of HIV-TB co-infection followed by an introduction to systems approaches and concrete examples of how such approaches are useful.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deffur
authors.forename: Nicola J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
mesh_terms: D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000502:physiology; D049490:Systems Biology / Q000379:methods; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: HIV-1; Systems biology; complex systems; emergent properties; host-pathogen interface; model integration