title: Influence of serum percentage on the behavior of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells in culture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells able to differentiate into several lineages with valuable applications in regenerative medicine. MSCs differentiation is highly dependent on physicochemical properties of the culture substrate, cell density and on culture medium composition.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we assessed the influence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) level on Wharton's jelly (WJ)-MSCs behavior seeded on polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEMF) made of four bilayers of poly-allylamine hydrochloride (PAH) as polycation and poly-styrene sulfonate (PSS) as polyanion.
  
  
  METHODS
  MSCs isolated from WJ by explants method were amplified until the third passage. Their phenotypic characterization was performed by flow cytometry analyses. MSCs were seeded on PEMF, in Endothelial growth medium-2 (EGM-2) supplemented by either 5% or 2% FBS. Cell's behavior was monitored for 20 days by optical microscopy and immunofluorescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Until 2 weeks on glass slides, no difference was observed whatever the FBS percentage. Then with 5% FBS, MSCs formed three-dimensional spheroids on PSS/PAH after 20 days of culture with a nuclear aggregate. Whereas, with 2% FBS, these spheroids did not appear and cells grown in 2D conserved the fibroblast-like morphology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The decrease of FBS percentage from 5% to 2% avoids 3D cell spheroids formation on PAH/PSS. Such results could guide bioengineering towards building 2D structures like cell layers or 3D structures by increasing the osteogenic or chondrogenic differentiation potential of MSCs.
authors.affiliation: UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, MoPA, Vandæuvre-les-Nancy, France Reviva Regenerative Medicine Center, Middle East Institute of Health, Bsalim, Lebanon.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harmouch
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: El-Omar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Labrude
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Decot
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Menu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kerdjoudj
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001769:Blood; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry; D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000502:physiology; D002452:Cell Count; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D048430:Cell Shape; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D003470:Culture Media / Q000032:analysis; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000008:administration & dosage; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000166:cytology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002412:Cations; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003470:Culture Media; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D011073:Polyamines; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; C063994:polyallylamine; C003321:polystyrene sulfonic acid