title: Association between congenitally quadricuspid aortic valve and mitral valve prolapse.
abstract: We describe transthoracic echocardiograms in three patients with combined quadricuspid aortic valve and prolapsing mitral valve. None had symptoms of cardiac dysfunction. Two patients had precordial murmurs. A third patient was referred for evaluation of infective endocarditis. The fact that a quadricuspid aortic valve is clearly a congenital anomaly supports the view that mitral valve prolapse is a congenital anomaly that may be more strongly associated with quadricuspid aortic valves than once thought.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (George, Schussler) and the Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute (George, O'Hayre, Schussler), Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas and Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas; and the Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX (Schussler).
authors.forename: Betsy Ann
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Tayler Ann
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: O'Hayre
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schussler