title: Mesh pullout force: comparative study of different deployment techniques in a sheep model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pullout force of mesh from tissue is one of the important mechanical properties of an implanted mesh to repair pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The EndoFast Reliant™ system kit allows mesh attachment with soft-tissue fasteners. The aim of this study was to compare the pullout force that developed in mesh that was attached by EndoFast Reliant fasteners to mesh that was attached by trocar-based methods (tunnel, pocket) in a sheep model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six sheep underwent mesh attachment with three methods (EndoFast Reliant, tissue pocket, tissue tunnel), and each method was repeated five times in both thighs of the same sheep. The pullout force was measured at different time intervals from surgery: 0, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 45 days. Statistical analysis was performed by using the appropriate one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for each time interval and a general linear model for repeated measures using IBM® SPSS® software version 20.0.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the immediate postoperative period (0-3 days), pullout force was significantly higher with EndoFast Reliant than with tissue pocket or tissue tunnel. At day 7, this trend continues without statistical significance. Pullout force increased progressively until day 15, when the force caused the mesh to tear; it was similar in all three groups. ANOVA showed significant effect of time and study group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The EndoFast Reliant system provides significantly stronger attachment in the immediate postoperative period (0-3 days) compared with trocar-based techniques, and this difference disappeared at day 15 postsurgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel, malcalay@netvision.net.il.
authors.forename: Menachem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alcalay
authors.forename: Miron
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Livneh
authors.forename: Naama Marcus
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Yariv Siman
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Tov
authors.forename: Eitan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hod
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000601:surgery*; D012756:Sheep; D053825:Suburethral Slings; D013526:Surgical Mesh