title: Synthesis of [PtCl2(4,4'-dialkoxy-2,2'-bipyridine)] complexes and their in vitro anticancer properties.
abstract: A series of [Pt(II)Cl2(4,4'-dialkoxy-2,2'-bipyridine)] complexes of the general formula of [Pt(II)Cl2(4,4'-bis(RO)-2,2'-bipyridine)] (where R = -(CH2)n-1CH3, n = 2-6, 8) were synthesized and characterized using (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, mass spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. The in vitro anti-proliferative activities of these compounds were evaluated against human cancer cell lines A549 (lung adenocarcinoma), DU145 (prostate carcinoma), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), and MDA-MB-435 (melanoma) using the MTS cell proliferation assay. Several Pt(II) coordination compounds were found to have greatly enhanced activity compared to cisplatin after a one hour treatment in all cell lines tested. A structure-activity relationship was observed, that is, the activity increases as the carbon chain length of the alkyl group increases. The activity was maximum when the carbon chain length reached four or five carbons and decreased with the longer carbon chain length. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry data indicate that the main mode of cell death is through apoptosis with some necrotic responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 454003, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4003, USA.
authors.forename: Van
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vo
authors.forename: Ontida
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tanthmanatham
authors.forename: Haesook
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Pradip K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Bhowmik
authors.forename: Bryan L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Spangelo
mesh_terms: D015082:2,2'-Dipyridyl / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D017209:Apoptosis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009336:Necrosis; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011725:Pyridines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D015082:2,2'-Dipyridyl; D002244:Carbon