title: Systematic review and evidence-based clinical recommendations for dosing of pediatric supported standing programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is a lack of evidence-based recommendations for effective dosing of pediatric supported standing programs, despite widespread clinical use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (Child and Youth Version) framework, we searched 7 databases, using specific search terms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty of 687 studies located met our inclusion criteria. Strength of the evidence was evaluated by well-known tools, and to assist with clinical decision-making, clinical recommendations based on the existing evidence and the authors' opinions were provided.
  Standing programs 5 days per week positively affect bone mineral density (60 to 90 min/d); hip stability (60 min/d in 30° to 60° of total bilateral hip abduction); range of motion of hip, knee, and ankle (45 to 60 min/d); and spasticity (30 to 45 min/d).
authors.affiliation: Montgomery County Infants and Toddlers Program , Rockville, Maryland, USA. ginny@paleg.com
authors.forename: Ginny S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Paleg
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Leslie B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Glickman
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D020000:Decision Support Systems, Clinical; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009128:Muscle Spasticity; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods*; D011187:Posture; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular