title: Predictors of success of a lifestyle intervention in relation to weight loss and improvement in glucose tolerance among individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes: the FIN-D2D project.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors assessed the predictors of success of a lifestyle intervention (weight loss ≥ 5% and improved glucose tolerance) in individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes in a 1-year follow-up in a primary health care setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-risk individuals for type 2 diabetes were identified by opportunistic screening in the implementation of the Finnish National Diabetes Prevention Program (FIN-D2D). All together, 3880 individuals participated in the 1-year follow-up. Sociodemographic characteristics, health status and behavior, family history of diabetes, clinical factors, and health care provider were considered possible predictors of lifestyle intervention success.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In sum, 19.3% of individuals lost at least 5% of weight, and 32.6% with abnormal glucose tolerance at baseline showed improvement in glucose tolerance. Abnormal glucose tolerance was the strongest predictor of weight loss and improvement in glucose tolerance. High attendance at lifestyle intervention visits, being outside of labor force, and high body mass index at baseline were also related to weight loss, and high education was related to improvement in glucose tolerance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In "real-life settings," glucose tolerance status, number of intervention visits, employment status, education, and body mass index explained the success of lifestyle intervention. These factors may help in targeting interventions, although they may not be generalized to other cultural settings.
authors.affiliation: Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Finland. nina.rautio@oulu.fi
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rautio
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jokelainen
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saaristo
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oksa
authors.forename: Sirkka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peltonen
authors.forename: Mauno
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vanhala
authors.forename: Eeva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Korpi-Hyövälti
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moilanen
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saltevo
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niskanen
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uusitupa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D004522:Educational Status; D004651:Employment; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000628:therapy*; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D011320:Primary Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: improvement in glucose tolerance; lifestyle intervention; predictors; weight loss