title: Reduction of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in meat by sugar-smoking and dietary exposure assessment in taiwan.
abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent an important pollutant in foods and/or the environment. This study aimed to determine the PAH contents in sugar-smoked meat by employing a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe (QuEChERS) method combined with a GC-MS technique and assess the dietary exposure of PAHs in Taiwan. Results showed that the longer the sugar-smoking duration, the more the total PAH formation. By sugar-smoking for 6 min, the total PAH contents generated in red meat (33.9 ± 3.1-125.5 ± 9.2 ppb) were higher than in poultry meat (19.1 ± 2.0-28.2 ± 1.2 ppb) and seafood (9.1 ± 1.4-31.8 ± 1.8 ppb), with lamb steak containing the largest amount of total PAHs. Most importantly, the highly carcinogenic benzo[a]pyrene remained undetected in all of the sugar-smoked meat samples. In addition, the cancer risk due to dietary PAH exposure based on total intake of meat in Taiwan was <2 × 10(-7). This outcome demonstrates that sugar-smoking can be adopted to replace the traditional smoking process with wood as smoke source.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Fu Jen University , New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shaun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tsai Hua
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Chia Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chung Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Bing Huei
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens; D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods*; D004372:Ducks; D005399:Fishes; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis; D012756:Sheep; D013552:Swine; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons