title: Ethnographic study of experiences of Pakistani women immigrants with pregnancy, birthing, and postpartum care in the United States and Pakistan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Describe the comparative birthing experiences of Pakistani immigrant women in Pakistan and the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  The framework was drawn from Berry's cultural adaptation, Glick-Schiller et al.'s transnationalism and Berkman's social network.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative
  
  
  METHODS
  Women experienced difficulties associated with inability to observe cultural traditions and loss of extended, gendered kin support. Adaptive strategies were evident through development of social networks of weak ties with non-kin groups in the United States, maintenance of transnational ties with kin back in Pakistan, and assimilation of less gender-defined roles by women and their spouses.
authors.affiliation: University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07101, USA. qureshru@gmail.com
authors.forename: Rubab
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Dula F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Pacquiao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000884:Anthropology, Cultural; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008427:Maternal Health Services; D010154:Pakistan / Q000208:ethnology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000208:ethnology*; D012917:Social Adjustment; D014481:United States
keywords: Islamic; Pakistani; ethnography; graduate studies; immigrant; maternal/child; transcultural health; women; women’s health