title: Pulmonary adenocarcinoma with massive lymphocytic infiltration: a case report with review of the literature of a rare histological entity with a peculiar biological behaviour.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumors with a massive inflammatory infiltration are described in several organs. There is agreement about considering the inflammatory infiltration as the host's immune response to neoplastic cells; such neoplasms indeed have a better prognostic outcome than non-inflammatory counterparts. Only seventeen cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with massive lymphocytic infiltration (AMLI) have been reported in literature so far.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with massive lymphocytic infiltration occurring in a 71 years old male smoker. He came under our attention because of dyspnea, and underwent a left lower lobectomy. Histological examination showed a moderately differentiated (G2) acinar adenocarcinoma associated with a stromal desmoplastic reaction and a massive inflammatory infiltration, made up mostly of CD3+ lymphocytes. pTNM stage was pT2a, N0 (clinical stage: Ib).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Literature review showed seventeen similar cases, with a 16/1 male/female ratio and a mean age of 70,2 years. In eight out of seventeen cases EBV-infection was demonstrated with immunohistochemical or molecular biology techniques.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Gobbo
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fiori
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gaudioso
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nosotti
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coggi
authors.forename: Silvano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bosari
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrero
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex