title: Measurements of tumor vascular leakiness using DCE in brain tumors: clinical applications.
abstract: Various imaging techniques have been employed to evaluate blood-brain-barrier leakiness in brain tumors, as higher tumor vascular leakiness is known to be associated with higher grade and malignant potential of the tumor, and hence can help provide additional diagnostic and prognostic information. These imaging techniques range from routine post-contrast T1 -weighted images that highlight degree of contrast enhancement to absolute measurement of quantitative metrics of vascular leakiness employing complex pharmacokinetic modeling. The purpose of this article is to discuss the clinical applications of available imaging techniques, and in particular dynamic contrast-enhanced T1 -weighted MR imaging (DCE-MRI), to evaluate tumor vascular leakiness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. rajanj@rad.hfh.edu
authors.forename: Rajan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jain
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D005544:Forecasting; D005910:Glioma / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008833:Microcirculation; D060787:Neoplasm Grading / Q000379:methods; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000473:pathology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: blood-brain barrier; brain tumor; computed tomography; dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging (DCE-MRI); therapy; vascular endothelial growth factor; vascular perfusion; vascular permeability