title: A low-power wide-range I-v converter for amperometric sensing applications.
abstract: This paper presents for the first time experimental results of a current-to-voltage converter that can be used for amperometric sensing of currents ranging from 1 pA to 1 muA. The design strategy is optimized to achieve low power levels and, hence, make the circuit suitable for use in a wearable or implantable sensor. The power reduction is mostly achieved by combining transistors operating in the weak inversion region with floating-gate metal-oxide semiconductor devices and three different gain settings. The power consumption under normal operation is 9.82 muW.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Villegas