title: Influence of cellulose derivative and ethylene glycol on optimization of lornoxicam transdermal formulation.
abstract: Lornoxicam containing topically applied lotions were formulated and optimized with the aim to deliver it transdermally. The formulated lotions were evaluated for pH, viscosity and in vitro permeation studies through silicone membrane using Franz diffusion cells. Data were fitted to linear, quadratic and cubic models and best fit model was selected to investigate the influence of variables, namely hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and ethylene glycol (EG) on permeation of lornoxicam from topically applied lotion formulations. The best fit quadratic model revealed that low level of HPMC and intermediate level of EG in the formulation was optimum for enhancing the drug flux across silicone membrane. FT-IR analysis confirmed absence of drug-polymer interactions. Selected optimized lotion formulation was then subjected to accelerated stability testing, sensatory perception testing and in vitro permeation across rabbit skin. The drug flux from the optimized lotion across rabbit skin was significantly better that that from the control formulation. Furthermore, sensatory perception test rated a higher acceptability while lotion was stable over stability testing period. Therefore, use of Box-Wilson statistical design successfully elaborated the influence of formulation variables on permeation of lornoxicam form topical formulations, thus, helped in optimization of the lotion formulation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: y.shahzad@live.com.
authors.forename: Yasser
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shahzad
authors.forename: Qalandar
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Talib
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Syed Nisar Hussain
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D019855:Ethylene Glycol / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010539:Permeability; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011817:Rabbits; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012995:Solubility; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014783:Viscosity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010894:Piroxicam; D002482:Cellulose; C059451:lornoxicam; D019855:Ethylene Glycol
keywords: Design of experiment; Flux; Lornoxicam; Lotion; Permeation