title: Effect of Danofloxacin on Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Kidney Tubular Epithelial Cell Line, LLC-PK1.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility that oxidative stress was involved in danofloxacin-induced toxicity in renal tubular cells epithelial cell line (LLC-PK1). Confluent LLC-PK1 cells were incubated with various concentrations of danofloxacin. The extent of oxidative damage was assessed by measuring the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, lipid peroxidation, cell apoptosis and antioxidative enzyme activities. Danofloxacin induced a concentration-dependent increase in the ROS production, not even cytotoxic conditions. Similarly, danofloxacin caused an about 4 times increase in the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances at the concentration of 400 μM for 24 hr, but it did not induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Antioxidant enzymes activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were increased after treatment with 100, 200 and 400 μM of danofloxacin for 24 hr. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) was significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, ROS production, lipid peroxidation and GPX decline were inhibited by additional glutathione and N-acetyl cysteine. These data suggested that danofloxacin could not induce oxidative stress in LLC-PK1 cells at the concentration (≤400 μM) for 24 hr. The increase levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation could be partly abated by the increase activities of SOD and CAT.
authors.affiliation: Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Hong
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Ying
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Lei-Sheng
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Juan
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Da-Sheng
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Ren-Tao
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Liang
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants; D002374:Catalase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects; D018374:LLC-PK1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C068581:danofloxacin; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase