title: In situ measurement of tissue impedance using an inductive coupling interface circuit.
abstract: In this work, a method of an inductive coupling impedance measurement (ICIM) is proposed for measuring the nerve impedance of a dorsal root ganglion (DRG) under PRF stimulation. ICIM provides a contactless interface for measuring the reflected impedance by an impedance analyzer with a low excitation voltage of 7 mV. The paper develops a calibration procedure involving a 50-Ω reference resistor to calibrate the reflected resistance for measuring resistance of the nerve in the test. A de-embedding technique to build the equivalent transformer circuit model for the ICIM circuit is also presented. A batteryless PRF stimulator with ICIM circuit demonstrated good accuracy for the acute measurement of DRG impedance both in situ and in vivo. Besides, an in vivo animal experiment was conducted to show that the effectiveness of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) stimulation in relieving pain gradually declined as the impedance of the stimulated nerve increased. The experiment also revealed that the excitation voltage for measuring impedance below 25 mV can prevent the excitation of a nonlinear response of DRG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Engineering and Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan. hwchiu@ntut.edu.tw
authors.forename: Hung-Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Jia-min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Chien-Chi
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Wei-Tso
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chii-Wann
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Mu-Lien
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D017097:Electric Impedance; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D005246:Feedback; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011846:Radio Waves; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012038:Regeneration; D012984:Software