title: Nonviral methods for inducing pluripotency to cells.
abstract: The concept of inducing pluripotency to adult somatic cells by introducing reprogramming factors to them is one that has recently emerged, gained widespread acclaim and garnered much attention among the scientific community. The idea that cells can be reprogrammed, and are not unidirectionally defined opens many avenues for study. With their clear potential for use in the clinic, these reprogrammed cells stand to have a huge impact in regenerative medicine. This realization did not occur overnight but is, however, the product of many decades worth of advancements in researching this area. It was a combination of such research that led to the development of induced pluripotent stem cells as we know it today. This review delivers a brief insight in to the roots of iPS research and focuses on succinctly describing current nonviral methods of inducing pluripotency using plasmid vectors, small molecules and chemicals, and RNAs.
authors.affiliation: Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB), National University of Ireland, Galway, IDA Business Park, Dangan, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: O'Doherty
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Greiser
authors.forename: Wenxin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D065150:Cellular Reprogramming; D018105:DNA, Kinetoplast / Q000235:genetics; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018105:DNA, Kinetoplast; D012313:RNA