title: Type 2 diabetic patients with ischemic stroke: decreased insulin sensitivity and decreases in antioxidant enzyme activity are related to different stroke subtypes.
abstract: We analyzed (a) insulin sensitivity (IS) and (b) glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant enzyme activity in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients with atherothrombotic infarction (ATI) (group A), lacunar infarction (LI) (B), or without stroke (C) and in nondiabetics with ATI (D), LI (E), or without stroke (F). ATI and LI were confirmed by brain imaging IS levels were determined by minimal model (Si index), and the enzyme activity by spectrophotometry. In T2D patients, Si was lower in A and B versus C (1.14 ± 0.58, 1.00 ± 0.26 versus 3.14 ± 0.62 min(-1)/mU/l × 10(4), P < 0.001) and in nondiabetics in D and E versus F (3.38 ± 0.77, 3.03 ± 0.72 versus 6.03 ± 1.69 min(-1)/mU/l × 10(4), P < 0.001). Also, GSH-Px and GR activities were lower in A and B versus C (GSH-Px: 21.96 ± 3.56, 22.51 ± 1.23 versus 25.12 ± 1.67; GR: 44.37 ± 3.58, 43.50 ± 2.39 versus 48.58 ± 3.67 U/gHb; P < 0.001) and in D and E versus F (GSH-Px: 24.75 ± 3.02, 25.57 ± 1.92 versus 28.56 ± 3.91; GR: 48.27 ± 6.81, 49.17 ± 6.24 versus 53.67 ± 3.96 U/gHb; P < 0.001). Decreases in Si and GR were significantly related to both ATI and LI in T2D. Our results showed that decreased IS and impaired antioxidant enzymes activity influence ischemic stroke subtypes in T2D. The influence of insulin resistance might be exerted on the level of glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jotic
authors.forename: Nadezda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Covickovic Sternic
authors.forename: Vladimir S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Kostic
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lalic
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Milicic
authors.forename: Milija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mijajlovic
authors.forename: Ljiljana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lukic
authors.forename: Milorad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Civcic
authors.forename: Emina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Colak
authors.forename: Marija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macesic
authors.forename: Jelena P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Seferovic
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aleksic
authors.forename: Nebojsa M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Lalic