title: Ameliorative effect of grapefruit juice on amiodarone-induced cytogenetic and testicular damage in albino rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the ameliorative role of grapefruit juice on the cytogenetic and testicular damage induced by the antiarrythmic drug amiodarone in albino rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were divided into four groups. Group I was considered as control. Group II was given grapefruit juice at a dose level of 27 mL/kg body weight. Group III was orally administered amiodarone (18 mg/kg body weight) daily for 5 weeks. Animals were sacrificed after 5 weeks of treatment. Bone marrow was collected from the femurs for analysis of chromosomal aberrations and mitotic indices. Testes were removed and stained with H&E for histological examination. Sperms were collected from epidedymis for detection of sperm head abnormalities. Comet assay was used to detect DNA damage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amiodarone treatment caused a significant increase in the percentage of chromosomal aberrations, decreased the mitotic index and increased DNA damage. The testis showed many histopathological alterations, inhibition of spermatogenesis and morphometric changes. The number of sperm head abnormalities was increased. Treating animals with amiodarone and grapefruit juice caused a reduction in chromosomal aberrations, mitotic index, DNA damage and testicular alterations caused by amiodarone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicated that grapefruit juice ameliorates the cytotoxicty and testicular alterations induced by amiodarone in albino rats and this is may be due to the potent antioxidant effects of its components.
authors.affiliation: Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt. sabsak@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Saber Abdelruhman
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sakr
authors.forename: Mohamed El-Said
authors.initials: Mel-S
authors.lastname: Zoil
authors.forename: Samraa Samy
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: El-Shafey
mesh_terms: D000638:Amiodarone / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects; D032083:Citrus paradisi / Q000378:metabolism*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013076:Sperm Count; D013077:Sperm Head / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D000638:Amiodarone
keywords: Amiodarone; Chromosome; Comet assay; Grapefruit; Testis