title: How the required precision influences the way we intercept a moving object.
abstract: Do people perform a given motor task differently if it is easy than if it is difficult? To find out, we asked subjects to intercept moving virtual targets by tapping on them with their fingers. We examined how their behaviour depended on the required precision. Everything about the task was the same on all trials except the extent to which the fingertip and target had to overlap for the target to be considered hit. The target disappeared with a sound if it was hit and deflected away from the fingertip if it was missed. In separate sessions, the required precision was varied from being quite lenient about the required overlap to being very demanding. Requiring a higher precision obviously decreased the number of targets that were hit, but it did not reduce the variability in where the subjects tapped with respect to the target. Requiring a higher precision reduced the systematic deviations from landing at the target centre and the lag-one autocorrelation in such deviations, presumably because subjects received information about smaller deviations from hitting the target centre. We found no evidence for lasting effects of training with a certain required precision. All the results can be reproduced with a model in which the precision of individual movements is independent of the required precision, and in which feedback associated with missing the target is used to reduce systematic errors. We conclude that people do not approach this motor task differently when it is easy than when it is difficult.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, Van der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, e.brenner@fbw.vu.nl.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Rouwen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cañal-Bruland
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van Beers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056228:Feedback, Sensory / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000502:physiology; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014163:Transfer, Psychology; D055815:Young Adult