title: Viral load in patients infected with dengue is modulated by the presence of anti-dengue IgM antibodies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The measurement and detection of viremia and antigenemia in sera have been used as a marker of risk for dengue disease severity and diagnosis. However, evidence exists suggesting that levels of viremia and antigenemia are affected by the presence of specific antibodies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare viral load and circulating NS1 levels in sera from patients positive or negative for dengue specific IgM antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and eighty serum samples were analyzed for viral load using qRT-PCR and for levels of circulating NS1 and the presence of specific antibodies using commercial EIAs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparison of viremia levels in sera from patients positive or negative for dengue IgM antibodies showed that viral load was significantly higher (p≤0.0001) in patients negative for IgM antibodies. In contrast, levels of circulating NS1 were found unaffected by the presence of IgM (p=0.0038). Thus, dengue virus specific IgM antibodies in sera seem to be a strong negative modulator of viremia levels in patient's sera.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Sergio Isaac
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: De La Cruz Hernández
authors.forename: Hilario
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flores-Aguilar
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: González-Mateos
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: López-Martínez
authors.forename: Vianney
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Navarrete
authors.forename: Juan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ludert
authors.forename: Rosa María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Del Angel
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D003715:Dengue / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D044967:Serum / Q000821:virology; D019562:Viral Load; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D012367:RNA, Viral; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins
keywords: Dengue; Dengue diagnostic; IgM; NS1 protein; Viral load