title: Glossina fuscipes populations provide insights for human African trypanosomiasis transmission in Uganda.
abstract: Uganda has both forms of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT): the chronic gambiense disease in the northwest and the acute rhodesiense disease in the south. The recent spread of rhodesiense into central Uganda has raised concerns given the different control strategies the two diseases require. We present knowledge on the population genetics of the major vector species Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in Uganda with a focus on population structure, measures of gene flow between populations, and the occurrence of polyandry. The microbiome composition and diversity is discussed, focusing on their potential role on trypanosome infection outcomes. We discuss the implications of these findings for large-scale tsetse control programs, including suppression or eradication, being undertaken in Uganda, and potential future genetic applications.
authors.affiliation: Yale School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, USA. serap.aksoy@yale.edu
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aksoy
authors.forename: Adalgisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caccone
authors.forename: Alison P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Galvani
authors.forename: Loyce M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Okedi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D051456:Gene Flow; D005828:Genetics, Population; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D064307:Microbiota; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D013559:Symbiosis; D014347:Trypanosoma brucei gambiense / Q000502:physiology*; D016833:Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense / Q000502:physiology*; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
keywords: Glossina fuscipes; Trypanosoma brucei gambiense; Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense; Uganda; human African trypanosomiasis; population genetics; sleeping sickness; vector control