title: Microbial and viral metagenomes of a subtropical freshwater reservoir subject to climatic disturbances.
abstract: Extreme climatic activities, such as typhoons, are widely known to disrupt our natural environment. In particular, studies have revealed that typhoon-induced perturbations can result in several long-term effects on various ecosystems. In this study, we have conducted a 2-year metagenomic survey to investigate the microbial and viral community dynamics associated with environmental changes and seasonal variations in an enclosed freshwater reservoir subject to episodic typhoons. We found that the microbial community structure and the associated metagenomes continuously changed, where microbial richness increased after typhoon events and decreased during winter. Among the environmental factors that influenced changes in the microbial community, precipitation was considered to be the most significant. Similarly, the viral community regularly showed higher relative abundances and diversity during summer in comparison to winter, with major variations happening in several viral families including Siphoviridae, Myoviridae, Podoviridae and Microviridae. Interestingly, we also found that the precipitation level was associated with the terrestrial viral abundance in the reservoir. In contrast to the dynamic microbial community (L-divergence 0.73 ± 0.25), we found that microbial metabolic profiles were relatively less divergent (L-divergence 0.24 ± 0.04) at the finest metabolic resolution. This study provides for the first time a glimpse at the microbial and viral community dynamics of a subtropical freshwater ecosystem, adding a comprehensive set of new knowledge to aquatic environments.
authors.affiliation: 1] Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan [2] Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan [3] Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Pei-Wen
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Fuh-Kwo
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Shiah
authors.forename: Yi-Lung
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jia-Rong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.forename: Ting-Chang
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Suhinthan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maheswararajah
authors.forename: Isaam
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.forename: Saman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halgamuge
authors.forename: Sen-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D044822:Biodiversity; D002980:Climate; D055867:Cyclonic Storms; D017753:Ecosystem; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology*; D054892:Metagenome; D056186:Metagenomics; D012621:Seasons; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014871:Water Microbiology