title: A nationwide epidemiological study of nocturnal enuresis in Korean adolescents and adults: population based cross sectional study.
abstract: We performed a nationwide epidemiological study to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of nocturnal enuresis (NE) in Korean adolescents and adults. A questionnaire was sent via e-mail to 51,073 people aged 16-40 yr by stratified sampling according to age, sex, and region among a 200,000 internet survey panel pool. The questionnaire included following information; presence or absence of NE, frequency of NE, possible risk factors for NE, self-esteem scale score and depression score results, and measures for the treatment of NE. Among the 2,117 responders, 54 (2.6%) had NE (≥1 enuretic episode within 6 months). Of 54 bedwetters, 9.3% wet ≥1 night per week and 20.5% wet ≥1 per month. The prevalence rates remained relatively stable with no apparent trend of reduction with age. The presence of sleep disturbance, family history, urgency, or urge incontinence increased the probability of NE episode significantly. The self-esteem score was lower (P=0.053) and the depression scale score was higher (P=0.003) in bedwetters compared with non-bedwetters. Overall 2.6% of Korean aged 16-40 yr have NE. The higher rate of urgency and urge incontinence in adolescent and adult enuretics suggests that bladder function has an important role in adolescent and adult NE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Minki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Kwanjin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hahn-Ey
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ju Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hong Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Ji Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang Don
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ki Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: Sang Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yong Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung Do
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053206:Nocturnal Enuresis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adolescent; Adult; Enuresis; Epidemiologic Studies; Urinary Incontinence