title: Oxidative damage parameters in renal tissues of aged and young rats based on gender.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aging is characterized by a gradual functional decrease of all systems including the kidneys. Growing evidence links altered lipid protein redox-homeostasis with renal dysfunction. The effect of sexual dimorphism on the lipid protein redox-homeostasis mechanisms in the aging kidney is obscure. In the current study, we aimed to investigate redox homeostasis as it related to sexual dimorphism on protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation parameters, as protein carbonyl (PCO), total thiol (T-SH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde, glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, as potential aging biomarkers, which may contribute to an analysis of the free radical theory of aging.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out with 16 naturally aged rats (24 months old; eight males and eight females) and their corresponding young rat groups as controls (6 months old; eight males and eight females). All of the aforementioned parameters (PCO, T-SH, AOPP, MDA, GSH, SOD) were measured manually instead of automated devices or ELISA kits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCO, AOPP, and malondialdehyde levels in aged rats were significantly higher in the older rat group than in the younger rat group, whereas SOD activities were significantly lower in old rats. T-SH levels were not significantly different in male groups; however, T-SH levels were lower in the aged female group than in the young female control group. In addition, GSH levels were significantly different between the aged rat group and the corresponding young control group for both genders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With respect to PCO and AOPP, impaired redox homeostasis is substantially more prominent in males than females. The decrease of G-SH levels in male groups could be attributed to stabilizing the redox status of protein thiol groups by the depletion of the GSH groups. Considering the results, the renal tissue proteins and lipids in different genders may have different susceptibilities to oxidative damage.
authors.affiliation: Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Uzun
authors.forename: Gülcan Güntaş
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Mustafa Erinç
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sitar
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cebe
authors.forename: Karolin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanar
authors.forename: Ufuk
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Cakatay
authors.forename: Seval
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aydın
mesh_terms: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products / Q000378:metabolism; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012737:Sex Factors; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; D005609:Free Radicals; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: lipid peroxidation; protein oxidation; radicals; renal aging