title: Assessing psychosocial functioning of bariatric surgery candidates with the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-2 restructured form (MMPI-2-RF).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psychological comorbidity is common in bariatric surgery candidates. Many multidisciplinary teams incorporate psychometric testing to screen for psychological factors that, if left unattended, may negatively impact surgical results. Here, we report descriptive findings and empirical correlates of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) scales among of bariatric surgery candidates undergoing a pre-surgical psychological evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of male (n = 324) and female (n = 658) patients seeking bariatric surgery who were administered the MMPI-2-RF at their psychological evaluation. Psychosocial and medical variables were retrospectively coded from the patients' medical records. These criteria included history/current mental health diagnoses and treatments, maladaptive eating behaviors/diagnoses, past/current substance use, abuse history, sleep apnea, and denial of surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Descriptive analyses demonstrated similar findings for male and female candidates and replicated previous reports. MMPI-2-RF scales measuring emotional dysfunction were associated with maladaptive eating patterns, a history of Major Depressive Disorder, and previous suicide attempts. Scale scores measuring behavioral dysfunction were associated with current/past substance use and previous physical abuse. MMPI-2-RF scale scores measuring somatic problems were associated with a higher BMI at the time of surgery, sleep apnea diagnosis/adherence, physical/sexual abuse history, active mood disorder, previous mental health diagnoses, and maladaptive eating patterns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MMPI-2-RF can aid in identifying a broad range of psychological comorbidity among bariatric surgery candidates. When used in conjunction with a pre-surgical psychological interview, it can aid in the assessment of psychological factors relevant to pre-surgical psychological assessment of bariatric surgery candidates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA, rmarek1@kent.edu.
authors.forename: Ryan J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Marek
authors.forename: Yossef S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Ben-Porath
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Windover
authors.forename: Anthony M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tarescavage
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Merrell
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ashton
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lavery
authors.forename: Leslie J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Heinberg
mesh_terms: D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D018579:Patient Selection; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology