title: DSM-IV-TR Axes-I and II mental disorders in a representative and referred sample of unemployed youths--results from a psychiatric liaison service in a job centre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increased levels of anxiety, depression and alcohol abuse are associated with unemployment. This study compares both DSM-IV-TR Axis-I and Axis-II mental disorders between a representative and a referred sample of unemployed youths aged 16.0 to 24.9.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred subjects were randomly recruited on the premises of the vocational services centre in the urban region of Essen, Germany (representative sample, RS). One hundred and sixty-five subjects constituting the 'clinical sample' (CS) were preselected and referred by case managers to the on-site psychiatric liaison service. Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV (SCID-I and -II), measures of psychopathology and health service utilization were administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-eight percent and 43% of CS and RS subjects fulfilled DSM-IV criteria for mental disorders. Mood-, anxiety- and substance-related disorders were the most common Axis-I disorders in both samples. Personality disorders were diagnosed significantly more frequently in the CS. Despite the more severe psychopathology in subjects with mental disorders from the CS compared to the RS, no differences were found for recent mental health service utilisation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because the sample of unemployed youths referred by case managers was significantly more disturbed in psychiatric terms, such a pre-selection is deemed useful in conjunction with a psychiatric liaison service on the premise of a job centre.
authors.affiliation: University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Wickenburgstr. 21, 45147 Essen, Germany. Electronic address: Volker.Reissner@uni-due.de.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reissner
authors.affiliation: University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Wickenburgstr. 21, 45147 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mühe
authors.affiliation: University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Wickenburgstr. 21, 45147 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wellenbrock
authors.affiliation: University of Hamburg, Clinic and Polyclinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kuhnigk
authors.affiliation: University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Virchowstr. 174, 45147 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kis
authors.affiliation: Institute for Employment Research, Regensburger Str. 104, 90478 Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.affiliation: University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Wickenburgstr. 21, 45147 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hebebrand
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D014478:Unemployment / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Health service utilisation; Mental health; Personality disorder; Youth unemployment