title: Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs): a review on environmental contamination in China.
abstract: Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) which contain diverse organic groups, such as antibiotics, hormones, antimicrobial agents, synthetic musks, etc., have raised significant concerns in recently years for their persistent input and potential threat to ecological environment and human health. China is a large country with high production and consumption of PPCPs for its economic development and population growth in recent years. This may result in PPCP contamination in different environmental media of China. This review summarizes the current contamination status of different environment media, including sewage, surface water, sludge, sediments, soil, and wild animals, in China by PPCPs. The human body burden and adverse effects derived from PPCPs are also evaluated. Based on this review, it has been concluded that more contamination information of aquatic environment and wildlife as well as human body burden of PPCPs in different areas of China is urgent. Studies about their environmental behavior and control technologies need to be conducted, and acute and chronic toxicities of different PPCP groups should be investigated for assessing their potential ecological and health risks.
authors.affiliation: Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, PR China.
authors.forename: Jin-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ming-Hung
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004777:Environment; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006728:Hormones / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D006728:Hormones; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: China; Contamination; Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs); Sewage; Surface water