title: Influence of kinesiologic tape on postoperative swelling, pain and trismus after zygomatico-orbital fractures.
abstract: Surgical treatment of zygomatico-orbital (ZO) fractures is a common procedure in maxillofacial surgery. Often accompanied by pain, trismus and swelling, postoperative morbidity is a major disadvantage, affecting patients' quality of life. The appliance of kinesiologic tape (KT) improves the blood and lymph flow, removing congestions of lymphatic fluid and haemorrhages. The aim of this study was to find out if the application of kinesiologic tape prevents or improves swelling, pain and trismus after zygomatico-orbital fracture surgery, improving patients' postoperative quality of life. A total of 30 patients were assigned for treatment of zygomatico-orbital fractures and were randomly divided into treatment either with or without kinesiologic tape. Tape was applied directly after surgery and maintained for at least 5 days postoperatively. Facial swelling was quantified using a five-line measurement at six specific time points. Pain and degree of mouth opening was measured. Patient's subjective feeling and satisfaction was queried. The results of this study show that application of kinesiologic tape after zygomatico-orbital surgery significantly reduced the incidence of swelling with an earlier swelling maximum, and decreased the maximum turgidity for more than 60% during the first 2 days after surgery. Although, kinesiologic tape has no significant influence on pain control and trismus, mouth opening increased earlier after operation in the kinesiologic tape group compared to the no-kinesiologic tape group. Furthermore, patients with kinesiologic tape felt significantly lower morbidity than those without kinesiologic tape. Therefore kinesiologic tape is a promising, simple, less traumatic, economical approach, which is free from adverse reaction and improves patients' quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (Dean: Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Wolfgang Gernet), Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany; Medizin & Aesthetik, Private Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Lenbachplatz 2a, D-80333 Munich, Germany. Electronic address: ristow@aesthetik-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ristow
authors.affiliation: Medizin & Aesthetik, Private Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Lenbachplatz 2a, D-80333 Munich, Germany; Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Chair: Prof. Dr. Dr. Michael Ehrenfeld), Lindwurmstr. 2a, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pautke
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität München, Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology (Chair: Prof. Dr. Klaus A. Kuhn), Ismaninger Straße 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany.
authors.lastname: Victoria Kehl
authors.affiliation: Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (Dean: Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Wolfgang Gernet), Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koerdt
authors.affiliation: Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (Dean: Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Wolfgang Gernet), Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwärzler
authors.affiliation: Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (Dean: Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Wolfgang Gernet), Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany; Medizin & Aesthetik, Private Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Lenbachplatz 2a, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Lilian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hahnefeld
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität Munich, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Chair: Prof. Dr. Dr. Klaus-Dietrich Wolff), Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hohlweg-Majert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055052:Athletic Tape; D001294:Attitude to Health; D004487:Edema / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011788:Quality of Life; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D014313:Trismus / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Kinesiologic tape; Morbidity; Pain; Swelling; Trismus; Zygomatico-orbital fracture