title: Long-term follow-up of oral administration of flavonoids, Centella asiatica and Melilotus, for diabetic cystoid macular edema without macular thickening.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate long-term follow-up of the orally administered combination of flavonoids with Centella asiatica and Melilotus for treatment of diabetic cystoid macular edema (CME) without macular thickening.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes and CME without macular thickening at optical coherence tomography (OCT) were prospectively and randomly enrolled in two groups of 35 subjects each (treatment and control groups). Patients in the treatment group were treated with an oral combination of diosmin (300 mg/day), with C. asiatica (15 mg/day) and Melilotus (160 mg/day). All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, OCT (Spectralis HRA-OCT), and central microperimetry (SD-SLO/OCT) at baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12, month 24, and month 36.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences in HbAc1 percentage, blood pressure, microalbuminuria, visual acuity, mean central retinal thickness, and stability of fixation were present between the two groups during follow up (p>0.05). Retinal sensitivity reduced in the control group only from month 6 until month 36 (p<0.001). In the treatment group, a greater retinal sensitivity was present at month 12, month 24, and month 36 (p=0.001). No side effects of treatment were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral administration of flavonoids, C. asiatica and Melilotus, in patients with CME without macular thickening provided preservation of retinal sensitivity during 36 months of follow up when compared with untreated patients.
authors.affiliation: Eye Department, University Federico II , Naples, Italy .
authors.forename: Raimondo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.forename: Gilda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cennamo
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonavolontà
authors.forename: Arduino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pascotto
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Crecchio
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cennamo
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D028041:Centella / Q000737:chemistry*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004145:Diosmin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D029903:Melilotus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008875:Middle Aged; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations; D004145:Diosmin