title: In vitro characterization of the impact of selected dietary fibers on fecal microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid production.
abstract: The effects of six dietary fibers [pectin, guar gum, inulin, arabinoxylan, β-glucan, and resistant starch] on the human fecal microbiota during in vitro fermentation were determined. Bifidobacterium increased almost 25% on pectin compared with the control; a significant increase in Bifidobacterium adolescentis type-2 was observed on resistant starch. Bacteroides exhibited a positive correlation with propionate/short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production (r = 0.59, p < 0.01), while Ruminococcaceae and Faecalibacterium displayed positive correlations with butyrate/SCFA production (r = 0.39, 0.54, p < 0.01). A negative correlation was detected between inulin utilization and Subdoligranulum (r = -0.73, p ≤ 0.01), while strong positive relationships were found between β-glucan utilization and Firmicutes (r = 0.73, p ≤ 0.01) and resistant starch utilization and Blautia wexlerae (r = 0.82, p < 0.01). Dietary fibers have specific and unique impacts on intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism. These findings provide a rationale for the development of functional ingredients targeted towards a targeted modulation of the gut microbiota.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Junyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Inés
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keshavarzian
authors.forename: Devin J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D058448:Biota; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile
keywords: Arabinoxylan; BCFA; Guar gum; Inulin; Pectin; Resistant starch; SCFA; branched chain fatty acid; short chain fatty acid; β-glucan