title: Compact voltage and current stimulation buffer for high-density microelectrode arrays.
abstract: We report on a compact (0.02 mm(2) ) buffer for both voltage and current stimulation of electrogenic cells on a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor microelectrode array. In voltage mode, the circuit is a high-current class-AB voltage follower, based on a local common-mode feedback (LCMFB) amplifier. In current mode, the circuit is a current conveyor of type II, using the same LCMFB amplifier with cascode stages to increase the gain. The circuit shows good linearity in the 0.5-3.5 V input range and has extensively been used for stimulation of neuronal cultures.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Livi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Heer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bakkum
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hierlemann