title: Postural deviations of students in Southern Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify the prevalence of trunk postural deviations (lumbar hyperlordosis, dorsal kyphosis, and scoliosis) in scholars aged eight to 15 years-old from the city schools of Caxias do Sul, Southern Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 864 students were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. The variables studied were trunk postural rating by visual inspection; body mass index (weight and height); backpack weight on digital scale and how students used to carry the school supplies (questionnaire); gender; and age. Descriptive and bivariate statistics (prevalence ratio and confidence interval) were applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of postural deviations was 16.6% for dorsal kyphosis, 27.9% for lumbar hyperlordosis, and 33.2% for scoliosis. The ages of eight to 12 years-old were a risk factor for lumbar hyperlordosis, tripling the chances of this outcome (3.41 prevalence ratio). The same age was a protective factor for dorsal kyphosis. Scholars of this age group presented 52% less chances for dorsal kyphosis. The female gender had 47% less chances of having dorsal kyphosis than males. Scoliotic attitude did not show significant association with the independent variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings confirm the need for interventions by health and education professionals, seeking to correct bad postural habits, which could in the future cause irreversible damages.
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil. ritabuenno@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Rita de Cássia de S
authors.initials: Rde C
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: Ricardo Rodrigo
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Rech
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D013121:Spinal Curvatures / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013334:Students; D014504:Urban Health; D016474:Weight-Bearing