title: Relevance of intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterol to Framingham risk score of coronary heart disease in middle-aged men with increased non-HDL cholesterol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholesterol levels of non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL), which contains low-density lipoprotein (LDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicron (CM) remnant, have been proven to perform a significant predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) better than LDL-cholesterol regardless of triglyceride (TG) levels. The present study investigated the relevance of TG-rich lipoproteins (IDL, VLDL, CM) to Framingham risk score (FRS) predictive of 10-year CHD risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lipoprotein profiles (cholesterol levels of HDL, LDL, IDL, VLDL, CM) in Japanese men (n = 487) who underwent medical check-up were determined by using our developed anion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography (AEX-HPLC). Total-cholesterol (TC), TG, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and hemoglobin (Hb) A1c were measured by routine methods. The lipoprotein profiles, non-HDL-cholesterol, TC, and TG were examined on these associations with FRS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lipid levels except for CM-cholesterol were significantly different between two groups (low FRS, < 10%; high FRS, ≥10%) (P < 0.0001), and body mass index (BMI), TC, TG, IDL-, and VLDL-cholesterol were significantly and positively correlated with FRS. Among them, the significant association of non-HDL-cholesterol to FRS was noted (r = 0.411, P < 0.0001). Multiple stepwise regression analysis shows that, in addition to non-HDL-cholesterol, IDL-cholesterol in TG-rich lipoproteins was significantly correlated with FRS in independently of BMI. These correlation results were similarly found even when the part of the study subjects (n = 348) without the drug therapy for hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension was investigated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that IDL-cholesterol may serve as a useful marker for CHD risk in Japanese men with increased non-HDL-cholesterol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Tobu Medical Center, Shizuoka, Japan; Institute of Clinical Medicine and Research, Jikei University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Hidekatsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanai
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurosawa
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Manita
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirowatari
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D053419:Lipoproteins, IDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053419:Lipoproteins, IDL
keywords: AEX-HPLC; Anion-exchange liquid chromatography; BMI; CHD; CM; FRS; Framingham risk score; HDL; IDL; IDL-cholesterol; LDL; Lipoprotein; Non-HDL-cholesterol; TG-rich lipoprotein; VLDL; anion-exchange liquid chromatographic method; body mass index; chylomicron; coronary heart disease; high-density-lipoprotein; intermediate-density-lipoprotein; low-density-lipoprotein; very-low-density-lipoprotein