title: Bone formation of middle ear cavity using biphasic calcium phosphate lyophilized with Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 using animal model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to analyze the value of Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (ErhBMP-2) coated biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) for the obliteration of middle ear bone defect after mastoid surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four specific pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the BCP group (n=12) and BCP-ErhBMP-2 group (n=12; in which BCP scaffold of the granular type was coated with ErhBMP-2). In both groups, BCP scaffold was used to surgically fill the middle ear bulla. New bone formation was evaluated by measuring bone density (%) after 4 and 8 weeks in all rats in both groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 4 weeks, new bone was visible at the periphery and center of the middle ear cavity in both groups. In the BCP group, a moderate amount of fibrous tissue had infiltrated into the interspace of the scaffolds. New bone almost totally filled the interspace in the BCP-ErhBMP-2 group. At 8 weeks, copious new bone formation had occurred. Histometric measurements showed that bone density in the BCP group was smaller than in the BCP-ErhBMP-2 group at 4 weeks (25.10% and 38.43%, respectively; p<0.05) and 8 weeks (25.54% and 34.18%, respectively; p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New bone formation was greater in the presence of BCP-ErhBMP-2 scaffolds. ErhBMP-2 coated BCP scaffolds is a potentially useful material for middle ear obliteration after mastoidectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Pil
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Hae-Ryong
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Kyung-Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Bo Hae
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun Kyeung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000601:surgery; D004926:Escherichia coli; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008416:Mastoid / Q000601:surgery; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C074950:hydroxyapatite-beta tricalcium phosphate; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2
keywords: Bone morphogenetic protein; Mastoid obliteration; Otitis media; Scaffold