title: Airways disorders and the swimming pool.
abstract: Concerns have been expressed about the possible detrimental effects of chlorine derivatives in indoor swimming pool environments. Indeed, a controversy has arisen regarding the possibility that chlorine commonly used worldwide as a disinfectant favors the development of asthma and allergic diseases. The effects of swimming in indoor chlorinated pools on the airways in recreational and elite swimmers are presented. Recent studies on the influence of swimming on airway inflammation and remodeling in competitive swimmers, and the phenotypic characteristics of asthma in this population are reviewed. Preventative measures that could potentially reduce the untoward effects of pool environment on airways of swimmers are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport sciences and Physical education, Université Droit et Santé Lille 2, E.A. 4488, Lille F-59000, France. valerie.bougault@univ-lille2.fr
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bougault
authors.forename: Louis-Philippe
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Boulet
mesh_terms: D001250:Asthma, Exercise-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004777:Environment; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013550:Swimming
keywords: Airways; Asthma; Chlorine; Exercise; Swimming