title: High cholesterol diet induces IL-1β expression in adult but not larval zebrafish.
abstract: Recently, it has been demonstrated that high cholesterol diet induced hypercholesterolemia and vascular lipid oxidation and accumulation in zebrafish larvae, suggesting that zebrafish is a new promising atherosclerosis model in addition to mouse models. However, up to date, there was no report regarding inflammatory cytokine expression during the lipid accumulation in zebrafish larva and adult fish. In this study, we first demonstrated the expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in high cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed zebrafish larvae, and found that although HCD induced vascular lipid accumulation, the cytokine expressions in the larvae were not changed by HCD. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in leukocyte accumulation in vessels between control and HCD fed group. But prolonged HCD induced IL-1β expression in spleen and liver compared to those of control zebrafish, and produced very early stage of fatty streak lesion in dorsal aorta of 19 week HCD-fed zebrafish. These results indicate that HCD induced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic changes in zebrafish are very early stage, and suggest the necessity of the generation of mutant zebrafish having a disruption in a lipid metabolism-related gene leading to severe hypercholesterolemia and advanced atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute of Endemic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Jihye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Man-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Yirang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Youngho
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Jae-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Seung Hyeok
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Seok
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D002784:Cholesterol