title: Nanodesign of olein vesicles for the topical delivery of the antioxidant resveratrol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The ex-vivo percutaneous absorption of the natural antioxidant resveratrol in liposomes and niosomes was investigated. The influence of vesicle composition on their physicochemical properties and stability was evaluated. Liposomes containing resveratrol were formulated using soy phosphatidylcholine (Phospholipon90G). Innovative niosomes were formulated using mono- or diglycerides: glycerol monooleate (Peceol) and polyglyceryl-3 dioleate (Plurol OleiqueCC), respectively, two suitable skin-compatible oleins used in pharmaceutical formulations as penetration enhancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Small, negatively charged vesicles with a mean size of approximately 200 nm were prepared. The accelerated stability of vesicles was evaluated using Turbiscan Lab Expert, and the bilayer deformability was also assessed. Ex-vivo transdermal experiments were carried out in Franz diffusion cells, on newborn pig skin, to study the influence of the different vesicle formulations on resveratrol skin delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicated a high cutaneous accumulation and a low transdermal delivery of resveratrol, especially when Peceol niosomes were used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, niosomes formulated with Plurol oleique or Peceol showed a better behaviour than liposomes in the cutaneous delivery of resveratrol.
authors.affiliation: Department Ingeniería Química y Tecnología del Medio Ambiente, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pando
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caddeo
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manconi
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fadda
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pazos
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004339:Drug Compounding; D015195:Drug Design; D004355:Drug Stability; D005990:Glycerol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D000077185:Resveratrol; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004337:Drug Carriers; D009829:Oleic Acids; C482692:Peceol; D013267:Stilbenes; C480531:polyglyceryl-6-dioleate; D005990:Glycerol; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: dermal application; liposome; niosome; resveratrol