title: Exogenous and endogenous antioxidants attenuate the lipid peroxidation in workers occupationally exposed to paints.
abstract: Occupational exposure to organic solvents present in paints is responsible for an increased production of reactive species, thus enabling the development of several diseases. Besides, both exo- and endogenous antioxidant defense systems are necessary to avoid oxidative tissue damage. This study investigated possible protective effects of the exo- and endogenous antioxidants on oxidative damage in painters occupationally exposed to organic solvents (n = 42) and controls (n = 28). Retinol, lycopene and β-carotene were significantly lower in the exposed group. Despite the fact that blood toluene was below the biological exposure limits, malondialdehyde levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were increased, whereas reduced glutathione levels were decreased in painters, compared to nonexposed subjects. Moreover, multivariate regression models showed that reduced glutathione and carotenoids (mainly β-carotene) have the major influence on lipid peroxidation (LPO). The present work suggests that the exogenous antioxidants, such as carotenoids, could protect occupationally exposed subjects to xenobiotics from LPO.
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduate Programe in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil .
authors.forename: Mariele F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Charão
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valentini
authors.forename: Natália
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brucker
authors.forename: Guilherme B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Bubols
authors.forename: Rachel P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bulcão
authors.forename: Marília
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baierle
authors.forename: Fernando A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: Sabrina N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: Anelise
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Linden
authors.forename: Paulo H N
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Saldiva
authors.forename: Solange C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Garcia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010150:Paint / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012997:Solvents / Q000633:toxicity*; D014050:Toluene / Q000097:blood; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000097:blood; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D012997:Solvents; D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; D002338:Carotenoids; D014050:Toluene; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D000077276:Lycopene