title: 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA), one of the constituents of Polygalae Radix enhances pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors via GABAAergic systems in mice.
abstract: These experiments were performed to investigate whether 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA), one of the constituents derived from Polygalae Radix, enhances pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors, and to alter sleep architecture through the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic systems in mice. TMCA decreased the locomotor activity. TMCA prolonged total sleep time, and reduced sleep latency induced by pentobarbital, similar to muscimol, a GABAA agonist. From the electrocencephalogram recording for 6 h after TMCA administration, the number of sleep/wake cycles were reduced by TMCA. TMCA also increased the total sleep time and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In addition, TMCA increased Cl(-) influx in primary cultured cerebellar granule cells of mice. TMCA increased the activation of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and the expressions of γ-subunit of GABAA receptors in the cerebellar granule cells. However, α- and β-subunits proteins of GABAA receptors were not increased. Therefore, TMCA would increase pentobarbital induced-sleep and NREM sleep in mice. These results indicate that TMCA may enhance sleep and alter sleep architecture through GABAAergic systyems.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chung-Il
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jin Tae
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Ki-Wan
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D059330:GABAergic Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009118:Muscimol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031801:Polygala / Q000737:chemistry*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000187:drug effects; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D002934:Cinnamates; D018755:GABA Agonists; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D009118:Muscimol; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; C031619:3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; D010424:Pentobarbital