title: Susceptibility of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) to pyrethroids and their associations in Pernambuco, Brazil.
abstract: The synthetic pyrethroids and their associations have been widely used for controlling Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. The frequent use of acaricides has been inducing the development of resistance in the tick populations. The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility of R. (B.) microplus populations to pyrethroids and their associations in the region of Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil. In addition, the level of information among farm owners regarding tick control measures was investigated. Ticks were collected directly from naturally infested dairy cattle in the region and were exposed to pyrethroids and their associations. At the same time, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied with the aim of investigating the level of information among the farmers. The results reported here indicate that R. (B.) microplus populations in the dairy region of Garanhuns show resistance to pyrethroids and their associations, except when the product is associated with piperonyl butoxide. Regarding the results from the epidemiological survey, it was seen that there is a considerable lack of information among the farmers in relation to ixodid control measures. The level of ticks resistance to acaricides varied widely across the region studied. No alternative control programs have been implemented among these farms, thus demonstrating that there is a need for more information relating to the biology and control of R. (B.) microplus.
authors.affiliation: Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Breno Barros
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: de Santana
authors.forename: Rafael Antonio Nascimento
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Marília de Andrade
authors.initials: Mde A
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.forename: Leucio Cãmara
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Gílcia Aparecida
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048494:Rhipicephalus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins