title: Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus trigger different interleukin-8 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in lung cells: implications for inflammatory complications following neonatal sepsis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Staphylococci are a major contribution for neonatal sepsis, which is the main risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. This study investigated the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in endothelial and respiratory cells from newborns exposed to staphylococci.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human vascular endothelial cells and small airway epithelial cells were incubated with neonatal blood isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 14) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 14). The extracellular release of IL-8, IL-10, sICAM-1, ICAM-1 mRNA and the expression of membrane bound ICAM-1 were assessed by ELISA, RT-PCR and immunofluorescence microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Staphylococcus epidermidis induced higher levels of IL-8 (mean 38.5 ng/mL) and ICAM-1 mRNA (mean ratio 1.037) in the small airway epithelial cells than S. aureus (IL-8 mean 22.2 ng/mL, p < 0.01 and ICAM-1 mRNA mean ratio 0.715, p < 0.01). In the endothelial cells, ICAM-1 remained more integrated in the cell membranes after exposure to S. epidermidis compared with S. aureus, which induced disintegration and release of soluble ICAM-1 into the supernatants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Staphylococcus epidermidis induced a higher chemoattractive response than S. aureus. A persistent transmigration of granulocytes into the lung tissue in neonatal S. epidermidis sepsis might contribute to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Centre, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ivarsson
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schollin
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Björkqvist
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D018805:Sepsis / Q000378:metabolism; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D016209:Interleukin-8; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia; ICAM-1; Interleukin-8; Neonatal sepsis; Staphylococci