title: The longevity of Th2 humoral response induced by proteases natterins requires the participation of long-lasting innate-like B cells and plasma cells in spleen.
abstract: The generation of long-lived antibody-secreting cells (ASC) and memory B cells are critical events for an effective vaccine and the choice of adjuvant can influence these processes. Various cellular and molecular mechanism involved in the protease action that determine Th2 responses have been identified. However, direct or indirect actions in the regulation of the induction, survival and longevity of ASC in differential compartments remain largely unknown. We investigated whether the proteolytic activity of proteins are determinant for the modulation of the memory immune response in mice, promoting the differentiation of memory B cells to terminally differentiated end stage cells. Here, we show that the proteolytic activity of Natterins, from the venom of Thalassophryne nattereri Brazilian fish, besides inducing a Th2 response with plasmatic titers of high-affinity antigen-specific IgE over extended periods is sufficient for the generation of signals that contribute to the formation of a survival niche in the spleen, essential for the longevity of the main subtype of ASC with B220(neg) phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Immunoregulation Unit, Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Evilin Naname
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Komegae
authors.forename: Lidiane Zito
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Grund
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopes-Ferreira
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D005397:Fish Venoms / Q000201:enzymology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000276:immunology*; D059748:Proteolysis; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D005397:Fish Venoms; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases