title: 3D reconstitution of nerve-blood vessel networks using skeletal muscle-derived multipotent stem cell sheet pellets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To cover the large tissue deficits associated with significant loss of function following surgery, a 3D gel-patch-like nerve-vascular reconstitution system was developed using the skeletal muscle-derived multipotent stem cell (Sk-MSC) sheet pellet.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Sk-MSC sheet pellet was prepared from GFP transgenic mice by the collagenase extraction and 7 days expansion cell culture, and transplanted into a severe muscle damage model with large disruptions to muscle fibers, blood vessels and peripheral nerves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 4 weeks after transplantation, engrafted cells contributed to nerve-vascular regeneration associated with cellular differentiation into Schwann cells, perineurial/endoneurial cells, vascular endothelial cells and pericytes. However, skeletal myogenic differentiation was scarcely observed. Paracrine effects regarding donor cells/tissues could also be expected, because of the active expression of neurogenic and vasculogenic factor mRNAs in the sheet pellet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the vigorous skeletal myogenic potential of Sk-MSCs was clearly reduced in the sheet pellet preparation and this method may be a useful adjuvant for nerve-vascular regeneration in various tissue engineering applications.
authors.affiliation: Muscle Physiology & Cell Biology Unit, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Division of Basic Clinical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143-Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan. tamaki@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soeda
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Nahoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukunishi
authors.forename: Yoshiyasu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terachi
authors.forename: Joji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mochida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins