title: Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a sample of northern Brazilian pregnant women: prevalence and prenatal importance.
abstract: There are limited data regarding prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among northern Brazilian pregnant women.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of chlamydial infection among pregnant women in their third trimester and to determine the repercussion of this infection on their offspring.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the first phase of this study 100 pregnant women receiving prenatal care in a local public university hospital were examined to assess the prevalence of genital C. trachomatis infection by polymerase chain reaction technique. In the second phase, 88 pregnant women were prospectively evaluated for premature rupture of membranes, puerperal consequences associated with chlamydial infection, and neonates were checked for low-birth weight.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence rate of chlamydial infection was 11%, and 72.7% of the positive participants were predominantly less than 30 years of age (p=0.1319). A total of 36.4% of the participants had premature rupture of membranes (p=0.9998). Neither low-birth weight infants nor preterm delivery were observed. A cohort of 16 newborn babies were followed-up up to 60 days of life to ascertain outcome: 50% had respiratory symptoms. Neonates born to infected mothers had a higher risk to develop respiratory symptoms in the first 60 days of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The scarcity of data about the effects of chlamydial infection on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes justified this study. Diagnosing and treating chlamydial infection during the third trimester of pregnancy may prevent neonate infection. Therefore, preventive screening should be seen as a priority for early detection of asymptomatic C. trachomatis infection as part of local public health strategies.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas, Manaus, AM, Brazil; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula B de
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Borborema-Alfaia
authors.forename: Norma Suely de Lima
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: Spartaco
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Astolfi Filho
authors.forename: Cristina Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Borborema-Santos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: Brazil; Chlamydia trachomatis; Neonatal infection; Polymerase chain reaction; Pregnant women; Respiratory symptoms