title: Clinical and image findings in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws.
abstract: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) is characterized as exposed bone in the jaws for more than 8 weeks in patients with current or previous history of therapy with bisphosphonates (BPs) and no history of radiotherapy in the head and neck. We report a case series of 7 patients with BRONJ and analyze the variations of clinical and imaging signs, correlating them with the presence or absence of bone exposure. Among the patients, 6 were women and 1 was a man, aged 42-79 years. Five of the patients were using zoledronic acid and the other 2 alendronate. The use of BPs varied from 3 to 13 years. In 5 patients, tooth extraction was the triggering event of injuries. Panoramic radiographs and computed tomography (CT) were evaluated by a radiologist blinded to the cases. There were persistent unremodeled extraction socket even several months after tooth extraction in 3 of the cases that were consistent wit CT findings that also showed areas of osteosclerosis and osteolysis. Patients were treated according to the recommendations of the AAOMS, with surgical debridement and antibiotic coverage with amoxicillin in the symptomatic patients. The follow-up of these patients ranged from 8 to 34 months, with a good response to treatment. The image findings in this case series were not specific and showed no difference between each stages of BRONJ (AAOMS, 2009). The image features were similar in presence or absence of exposed bone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diogo Silva
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Farias
authors.forename: Edson Virgilio
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Zen Filho
authors.forename: Thais Feitosa Leitão
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: José Endrigo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tinôco-Araújo
authors.forename: Marcelo Bonifácio da Silva
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Sampieri
authors.forename: Heliton Spíndola
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.forename: Paulo Sérgio da Silva
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019386:Alendronate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059266:Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D003646:Debridement; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
chemical_list: D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; D019386:Alendronate