title: Antivenom activity of triterpenoid (C34H68O2) from Leucas aspera Linn. against Naja naja naja venom induced toxicity: antioxidant and histological study in mice.
abstract: The isolated and identified triterpenoid, 1-hydroxytetratriacontane-4-one (C34H68O2), obtained from the methanolic leaf extract of Leucas aspera Linn. was explored for the first time for antisnake venom activity. The plant (L. aspera Linn.) extract significantly antagonized the spectacled cobra (Naja naja naja) venom induced lethal activity in a mouse model. It was compared with commercial antiserum obtained from King Institute of Preventive Medicine (Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India). N. naja naja venom induced a significant decrease in antioxidant superoxide dismutase, glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, catalase, reduced GSH and glutathione-S-transferase activities and increased lipid peroxidase (LPO) activity in different organs such as heart, liver, kidney and lungs. The histological changes following the antivenom treatment were also evaluated in all these organs. There were significant alterations in the histology. Triterpenoid from methanol extract of L. aspera Linn. at a dose level of 75 mg per mouse significantly attenuated (neutralized) the venom-induced antioxidant status and also the LPO activity in different organs.
authors.affiliation: 1Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Venkatesan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sarathi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Balasubramanian
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Balachander
authors.forename: V Sarath
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.forename: S Mohammed Yusuf
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bilal
authors.forename: S Abdul
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Majeed
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Madan
authors.forename: N Sundar
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vimal
authors.forename: K S N
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Nambi
authors.forename: A S Sahul
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hameed
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004546:Elapid Venoms; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: CAT; GSH; GSH-PX; GST; LPO; Leucas aspera Linn.; Naja naja naja; SOD; antiserum; cobra; mice