title: Calprotectin--a marker of mortality in COPD? Results from a prospective cohort study.
abstract: Calprotectin comprises more than 45% of the cytosolic content of neutrophil granulocytes. Because pathogenesis, disease activity and disease progression in COPD are believed to be partly dependent of neutrophil driven inflammation we decided to investigate whether plasma level of calprotectin (p-calprotectin) was associated with all-cause mortality in patients with COPD. We measured p-calprotectin in blood samples from 460 patients with moderate to very severe COPD in stable phase. Patients were stratified into three groups according to p-calprotectin level. Outcome measure was all-cause mortality. Analyses were adjusted for factors known to influence mortality using a Cox regression analysis. We found a time dependent correlation between p-calprotectin levels and mortality during the first 5 years of follow-up. Increasing levels of p-calprotectin were associated with concomitant increases in mortality from HR 1.56 (CI 95%: 1.03 -2.38) at calprotectin between 100 -200 ng/ml to HR 2.02 (CI 95%: 1.27-3.19) at calprotectin >200 ng/ml. P-calprotectin could be a useful marker of all-cause mortality in patients suffering from moderate to very severe COPD.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Infectious Diseases Q, Odense University Hospital , Odense , Denmark.
authors.forename: Dennis B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Holmgaard
authors.forename: Lone H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Mygind
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Titlestad
authors.forename: Hanne
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: Svend Stenvang
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Ole H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.forename: Court
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex