title: Role of tumor necrosis factor-α -308 G/A promoter polymorphism in gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death world-wide after lung cancer. It is a multifactorial disease with the involvement of both genetic and environmental risk factors. Genetic variation in genes encoding cytokines and their receptors, determine the intensity of the inflammatory response, which may contribute to individual differences in severity of outcome of the disease. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine and acid inhibitor. A bi allelic G to A polymorphism at -308 upstream from the transcription initiation site of the promoter is associated with elevated TNF levels. The present study is aimed at evaluating the role of TNF-α-308 (G → A) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to GC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was carried out in 114 GC patients and 229 healthy control subjects. TNF-α genotyping at position-308 (G → A) was carried out by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) method followed by agarose gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of TNF-α genotypes at -308 (G → A) were GG 28.07%, GA 66.67% and AA 5.26% in GC patients and GG 33.19%, GA 55.89% and AA 10.92% in control subjects. The frequencies of alleles G and A were 0.614 and 0.386 in GC patients and 0.611 and 0.389 in control subjects respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed no significant difference in the distribution of genotype and allelic frequencies between GC patients and control subject.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Amar C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bhayal
authors.forename: Devulapalli
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krishnaveni
authors.forename: Kondadasula P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: RangaRao
authors.forename: Varun
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bogadi
authors.forename: Chowdavaram
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suman
authors.forename: Akka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jyothy
authors.forename: Pratibha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nallari
authors.forename: Ananthapur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Venkateshwari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha