title: Evidence for impaired amyloid β clearance in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of extracellular plaques and intracellular tangles. Recent studies support the hypothesis that the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide within the brain arises from an imbalance of the production and clearance of Aβ. In rare genetic forms of AD, this imbalance is often caused by increased production of Aβ. However, recent evidence indicates that, in the majority of cases of AD, Aβ clearance is impaired. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), the dominant cholesterol and lipid carrier in the brain, is critical for Aβ catabolism. The isoform of ApoE and its degree of lipidation critically regulate the efficiency of Aβ clearance. Studies in preclinical models of AD have demonstrated that coordinately increasing levels of ApoE and its lipid transporter, ABCA1, increases the clearance of Aβ, suggesting that this pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for AD.
authors.affiliation: Development Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
authors.forename: Kristin R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Wildsmith
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holley
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Julie C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Savage
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Skerrett
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Gary E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Landreth