title: Intracellular temperature mapping with fluorescence-assisted photoacoustic-thermometry.
abstract: Measuring intracellular temperature is critical to understanding many cellular functions but still remains challenging. Here, we present a technique-fluorescence-assisted photoacoustic thermometry (FAPT)-for intracellular temperature mapping applications. To demonstrate FAPT, we monitored the intracellular temperature distribution of HeLa cells with sub-degree (0.7 °C) temperature resolution and sub-micron (0.23μm) spatial resolution at a sampling rate of 1 kHz. Compared to traditional fluorescence-based methods, FAPT features the unique capability of transforming a regular fluorescence probe into a concentration- and excitation-independent temperature sensor, bringing a large collection of commercially available generic fluorescent probes into the realm of intracellular temperature sensing.
authors.affiliation: Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis., St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chiye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lihong V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Wang