title: Efficacy of light and nonlighted carbon dioxide-baited traps for adult sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) surveillance in three counties of Mesrata, Libya.
abstract: ABSTRACT. Sand flies are important vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis, especially along coastal towns of northwestern Libya where an estimated 20,000 cases have occurred from 2004 to 2009. Host-seeking traps are an important tool for sampling sand fly populations and surveying the incidence of Leishmania major and L. tropica within a given population. We evaluated the capture efficiency of CO2-baited BG-Sentinel, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light, CDC ultraviolet light, and nonbaited CO2 CDC light traps in 3 coastal townships during June, August, September, and November 2010. A total of 3,248 sand flies, representing 8 species from 2 genera, were collected; most sand flies were identified as either Phlebotomus papatasi or P. longicuspis. Three of the traps captured significantly more sand flies compared to the BG-Sentinel baited with CO2 (P < 0.001). Three of 456 DNA pools extracted from sand flies were positive for Leishmania DNA, indicating a minimum estimated infection rate of 0.83% and 0.47% for P. papatasi and P. longicuspis, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Navy Entomology Center of Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212, USA.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Obenauer
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Annajar
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Hanafi
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Abdel-Dayem
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: El-Hossary
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villinski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D005260:Female; D007300:Insect Control / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D007891:Leishmania / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008002:Libya; D008027:Light; D011157:Population Dynamics; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide