title: Improved anti-inflammatory effects in rabbit eye model using biodegradable poly beta-amino ester nanoparticles of triamcinolone acetonide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Results of previous studies on the benefits of ocular drug delivery using polymeric mucoadhesive nanoparticles suggested longer presence and better penetration of nanoparticles, and, thus, increased effect and bioavailability of drugs entrapped in nanoparticles. In this study, a novel polymer, poly β-amino ester, was used for the preparation of triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticles using a modified emulsification/solvent diffusion method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mucoadhesiveness studies, in vitro drug release, x-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy were used for physicochemical characterization of nanoparticles. Thirty-six hours after inducing uveitis by intravitreal injection of a lipopolysaccharide, sampling from the aqueous humor was done and inflammatory factors, such as cell, protein, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2, were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nanoparticles with a mean size of 178 nm and drug loading of 5.3% were prepared and used for in vivo studies in rabbits with uveitis. Higher anti-inflammatory effect was observed for polymeric nanoparticles of triamcinolone acetonide compared with microparticles of prednisolone acetate and triamcinolone acetonide, and an equal effect compared with subconjunctival injection of triamcinolone acetonide in terms of inhibiting inflammation and inflammatory mediators.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that polymeric nanoparticles of triamcinolone acetonide will provide as good an anti-inflammatory effect as the subconjunctival injection method and are better compared with other drug delivery systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Araz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sabzevari
authors.forename: Khosro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Adibkia
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.forename: Bruno G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: De Geest
authors.forename: Navid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohsenzadeh
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Atyabi
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ghahremani
authors.forename: Mohammad-Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Khoshayand
authors.forename: Rassoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dinarvand
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011108:Polymers; D011817:Rabbits; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014605:Uveitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011108:Polymers; C507253:poly(beta-amino ester); D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide
keywords: mucoadhesive; nanoparticles; nitric oxide; ocular drug delivery; poly beta-amino ester; triamcinolone acetonide; uveitis