title: Influence of partial masseter muscle resection along with reduction of mandibular angle.
abstract: The mandibular angle plays an important role in determining the Asian human facial attractiveness. Currently, mandibular angle osteotomy is often reported as the correction of square face appearance due to its prominence. However, no previous study has documented the long-term outcome of partial masseter muscle resection along with reduction of mandibular angle.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our study aims to investigate the outcome and complications of partial masseter muscle resection along with reduction of mandibular angle in long-term follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty-one patients were subjected to the computed tomography scan before and 3 years after surgery. Morphometrical analysis was conducted on all parameters for clinical evaluation, so as to reveal the change of masseter muscle, the postsurgical result, and the complication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were satisfied with the optimal outcome of the reduction of mandibular angle and masseter muscle. Morphometrical analysis indicated that the volume of masseter muscle changed statistically significantly before and after surgery (reduced 21.31 ± 7.64% on left, 20.77 ± 7.45% on right). Complications included swelling and low lip numbness, yet no patients reported infection or facial nerve injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Partial masseter muscle resection along with reduction of mandibular angle can improve the appearance of the patients greatly, and only a few complications occurred.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Qin Qin
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zuo Liang
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult