title: Rapid assay to assess colonization patterns following in-vivo probiotic ingestion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Colonization of the intestine with some microorganisms has been shown to have beneficial health effects. The association of bacteria with its human host starts soon after birth; however in infants born prematurely establishment of normal intestinal flora is interrupted with colonization with potential pathogenic organisms Probiotic supplementation may therefore be beneficial to the health of preterm infants. As most probiotic organisms are difficult to culture, confirmation of their colonization after supplementation is difficult. In this study, rapid qPCR assays for detection of presence of probiotic species in the intestine by faecal sampling is described in both preterm infant and adult participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Probiotic colonization was determined using qPCR directed at amplification of organisms present in the ingested probiotic Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and B. longum subsp. infantis. Overall, differential detection of probiotic strains in faeces were found between adult and preterm infants, with 50% of infants continuing to shed at least two probiotic strains three weeks after probiotic ingestion had ceased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated rapid assessment of the preterm infant gut for colonization with probiotic strains using real-time PCR. This method would be of great importance in studies of probiotics in prevention of diseases and adverse clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Northwest Academic Centre University of Melbourne, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia.
authors.forename: Jacinta M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tobin
authors.forename: Suzanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Garland
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pirotta
authors.forename: Sepehr N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Tabrizi
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019936:Probiotics
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers