title: Diphenylmethyl selenocyanate attenuates malachite green induced oxidative injury through antioxidation & inhibition of DNA damage in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Malachite green (MG), an environmentally hazardous material, is used as a non permitted food colouring agent, especially in India. Selenium (Se) is an essential nutritional trace element required for animals and humans to guard against oxidative stress induced by xenobiotic compounds of diverse nature. In the present study, the role of the selenium compound diphenylmethyl selenocyanate (DMSE) was assessed on the oxidative stress (OS) induced by a food colouring agent, malachite green (MG) in vivo in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus) were intraperitoneally injected with MG at a standardized dose of 100 μg/ mouse for 30 days. DMSE was given orally at an optimum dose of 3 mg/kg b.w. in pre (15 days) and concomitant treatment schedule throughout the experimental period. The parameters viz. ALT, AST, LPO, GSH, GST, SOD, CAT, GPx, TrxR, CA, MN, MI and DNA damage have been evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The DMSE showed its potential to protect against MG induced hepatotoxicity by controlling the serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate amino transferase (ALT and AST) levels and also ameliorated oxidative stress by modulating hepatic lipid peroxidation and different detoxifying and antioxidative enzymes such as glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and also the selenoenzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and reduced glutathione level which in turn reduced DNA damage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The organo-selenium compound DMSE showed significant protection against MG induced heptotoxicity and DNA damage in murine model. Better protection was observed in pretreatment group than in the concomitant group. Further studies need to be done to understand the mechanism of action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Jayanta Kumar
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Sibani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Sk Ugir
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Pramita
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: Rajat Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Sudin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008940:Mitotic Index; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004396:Coloring Agents; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C495419:diphenylmethyl selenocyanate; C005095:malachite green; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione