title: The chemoprotective effects of L-carnitine against genotoxicity induced by diazinon in rat blood lymphocyte.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the preventive effects of L-carnitine (LC) against DNA damage induced by diazinon (DZN) in rat blood lymphocytes. Animals were concurrently administered intraperitoneally with DZN in proper solvent (20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) and LC at three different doses (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg b.w.) for 30 consecutive days. The positive control group received DZN at the same dose without LC. Twenty-four hour after last injection, 0.5 ml blood of each rat was received and cultured in culture medium for 44 h. The lymphocyte cultures were mitogenically stimulated with cytochalasin B for the evaluation of the number of micronuclei (MNs) in cytokinesis-blocked binucleated cells. Incubation of lymphocytes with DZN induced additional genotoxicity and was shown by increase in MNs frequency in rat lymphocytes. LC at all doses had a protective effect and significantly reduced the MNs frequency in cultured lymphocytes (p < 0.0001-p < 0.05). The maximum effect was observed at 150 mg/kg that reduced the frequency of MN from 12.78 ± 0.24% for DZN group to 5.61 ± 0.17%. Our study revealed that LC has a potent antigenotoxic effect against DZN-induced toxicity in rats, which may be due to the scavenging of free radicals and increased antioxidant status. Since LC is a natural compound and is being safe, it is recommended as a daily supplement for body defense against side effects induced by chemical hazardous agents.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shadboorestan
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran mslamuk@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shokrzadeh
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Nematollah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahangar
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdollahi
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omidi
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Sakine Sadat Hosseini
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Payam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002331:Carnitine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects; D003976:Diazinon / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000187:drug effects; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D007306:Insecticides; D009153:Mutagens; D020011:Protective Agents; D002331:Carnitine; D003976:Diazinon
keywords: Chemoprotective; diazinon; genotoxicity; l-carnitine; micronucleus assay; rat blood lymphocyte