title: Dark surface waves in self-focusing media with diffusion and photovoltaic nonlinearities.
abstract: Dark surface waves with photorefractive diffusion and photovoltaic nonlinearities are predicted for the first time. We find it is extraordinary that this type of dark surface waves should be in self-focusing media, which is very different from the surface dark solitons or other nonlinear dark surface waves. An oscillator model is proposed by which the above extraordinary phenomenon is demonstrated. In this model an equivalent force function is established, whose form determines the varieties of surface waves (bright surface waves, dark surface waves or others).
authors.affiliation: Photonics Research Center, School of Physics, The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics and Tianjin Key Lab of Photonics Materials and Technology for Information Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Zhonghao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Fangli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Haoyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Tianhao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jingjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian