title: Respiratory supercomplexes: structure, function and assembly.
abstract: The mitochondrial respiratory chain consists of 5 enzyme complexes that are responsible for ATP generation. The paradigm of the electron transport chain as discrete enzymes diffused in the inner mitochondrial membrane has been replaced by the solid state supercomplex model wherein the respiratory complexes associate with each other to form supramolecular complexes. Defects in these supercomplexes, which have been shown to be functionally active and required for forming stable respiratory complexes, have been associated with many genetic and neurodegenerative disorders demonstrating their biomedical significance. In this review, we will summarize the functional and structural significance of supercomplexes and provide a comprehensive review of their assembly and the assembly factors currently known to play a role in this process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
authors.forename: Rasika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vartak
authors.forename: Christina Ann-Marie
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Porras
authors.forename: Yidong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D002308:Cardiolipins / Q000378:metabolism; D004579:Electron Transport; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002308:Cardiolipins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase