title: High-intensity intermittent exercise attenuates ad-libitum energy intake.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the acute effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) on energy intake, perceptions of appetite and appetite-related hormones in sedentary, overweight men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen overweight men (body mass index: 27.7±1.6 kg m(-2); body mass: 89.8±10.1 kg; body fat: 30.0±4.3%; VO(2peak): 39.2±4.8 ml kg(-1) min(-1)) completed four 30-min experimental conditions using a randomised counterbalanced design. CON: resting control, MC: continuous moderate-intensity exercise (60% VO(2peak)), HI: high-intensity intermittent exercise (alternating 60 s at 100% VO(2peak) and 240 s at 50% VO(2peak)), VHI: very-high-intensity intermittent exercise (alternating 15 s at 170% VO(2peak) and 60 s at 32% VO(2peak)). Participants consumed a standard caloric meal following exercise/CON and an ad-libitum meal 70 min later. Capillary blood was sampled and perceived appetite assessed at regular time intervals throughout the session. Free-living energy intake and physical activity levels for the experimental day and the day after were also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ad-libitum energy intake was lower after HI and VHI compared with CON (P=0.038 and P=0.004, respectively), and VHI was also lower than MC (P=0.028). Free-living energy intake in the subsequent 38 h remained less after VHI compared with CON and MC (P≤0.050). These observations were associated with lower active ghrelin (P≤0.050), higher blood lactate (P≤0.014) and higher blood glucose (P≤0.020) after VHI compared with all other trials. Despite higher heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during HI and VHI compared with MC (P≤0.004), ratings of physical activity enjoyment were similar between all the exercise trials (P=0.593). No differences were found in perceived appetite between trials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-intensity intermittent exercise suppresses subsequent ad-libitum energy intake in overweight inactive men. This format of exercise was found to be well tolerated in an overweight population.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.affiliation: School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Wallman
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Fairchild
authors.affiliation: School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Guelfi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D005082:Physical Exertion; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D054439:Ghrelin; D007328:Insulin; D019344:Lactic Acid