title: Correlation among cytotoxicity, hemolytic activity and the composition of steroidal saponins from Paris L.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytotoxicity and hemolysis of saponins were the characteristic activities. Many researches have been devoted to the synthesis of saponins devoid of the hemolysis by structure-activity relationship studies. However, saponins contained in the plants were not fully researched on the two activities such as Parissteroidal saponins. Paris steroidal saponins as the active compounds of Paris plants have multiple effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity of Paris plants collected from twelve places in China. The contents of nine known steroidal saponins in the plants were determined simultaneously using HPLC-ELSD method. The two activities are not related to the contents of saponins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As the results of hemolysis of saponins shown, the hemolysis was positive related to the sugar chain. The membrane toxicity suggested that the integration of saponins with the membrane in erythrocyte was correlated to the kinds of saponins and the hemolysis of disosgenyl saponins were stronger than that of pennogenyl glycosides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provided information about the hemolysis and cytotoxicity of Paris steroidal saponins, which may be useful for their synthesis devoid of hemolysis toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wenyuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Songsong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shuli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Man
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jingze
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Changxiao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D019684:Magnoliopsida; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts; D018517:Plant Roots; D011817:Rabbits; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013256:Steroids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins; D013256:Steroids
keywords: Cytotoxicity; Erythrocyte; Hemolysis; Membrane toxicity; Paris steroidal saponins