title: Protective activity of Cynara scolymus L. leaf extract against chemically induced complex genomic alterations in CHO cells.
abstract: Cynara scolymus L., popularly known as artichoke, has been widely used in traditional medicine as an herbal medicament for therapeutic purposes. The study aimed at assessing the protective activity of Cynara scolymus leaf extract (LE) against DNA lesions induced by the alkylating agent ethylmethnesulphonate (EMS) in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO). The ability of C. scolymus L. LE to modulate the mutagenicity of EMS was examined using the cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) cytome assay in three antigenotoxic protocols, pre- post- and simultaneous treatments. In the pre-treatment, C. scolymus L. LE reduced the frequencies of MNi and NBUDs induced by EMS in the lower concentration. In contrast, at the highest concentration (5 mg/ml) artichoke enhanced the frequency of MNi, potentiating EMS genotoxicity. In the simultaneous treatment only the induction of MNi was repressed by the exposure of cells to C. scolymus L. LE. No modification in genotoxicity was observed in LE post-treatment. The results obtained in this study suggest that lower concentrations of artichoke prevent chemically induced genomic damage in mammalian cells. In this context, the protective activity of C. scolymus L. could be associated to its constitutive antioxidants compounds.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada (PPGGTA) Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laura Vicedo
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Jacociunas
authors.forename: Heloisa Helena Rodrigues
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Larissa Wölfle
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Pedersini
authors.forename: Alexandre de Barros Falcão
authors.initials: Ade B
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Rafael Rodrigues
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Dihl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D031943:Cynara scolymus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D005020:Ethyl Methanesulfonate / Q000494:pharmacology; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005020:Ethyl Methanesulfonate
keywords: Asteraceae; Cynara scolymus L.; antigenotoxicity; micronucleus; modulatory effect