title: The ability of H1 or H2 receptor antagonists or their combination in counteracting the glucocorticoid-induced alveolar bone loss in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to compare between three possible osteoporotic treatments in prevention of glucocorticoid-induced alveolar bone loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty adult female Wistar rats with an average weight 150-200 g were randomized into five groups: group I (control) was intraperitoneally injected with saline. The other experimental groups (II & III, IV & V) were intraperitoneally injected with 200 µg/100 g body weight dexamethasone. The experimental groups III, IV and V received intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg/day pheniramine maleate (H1 receptor antagonist), ranitidine hydrochloride (H2 receptor antagonist) and concomitant doses of both H1 & H2 receptor antagonists respectively. After 30 days, the rats have been sacrificed. The mandibles were examined histologically, histochemically and histomorphometrically. The bone mineral density was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histopathologically the glucocorticoid group showed wide medullary cavities with wide osteocytic lacunae. These marrow cavities were reduced in the prophylactic groups (III, IV) but increased in group V. Bone histomorphometric analysis revealed improvement in static bone parameters in groups III and IV and deterioration in group V in comparison to group II. The DEXA revealed significant reduction in the bone mineral density in all experimental groups compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a rat model, the administration of H1 or H2 receptor antagonists separately could minimize the alveolar bone loss caused by the administration of glucocorticoids while concomitant administration of both H1 and H2 receptor antagonists deteriorated the bone condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Bassant A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ezzat
authors.forename: Marwa M S
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abbass
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D008334:Mandible / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009929:Organ Size; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010632:Pheniramine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010632:Pheniramine; D003907:Dexamethasone; D011899:Ranitidine; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
keywords: H1 receptor antagonist; H2 receptor antagonist; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; glucocorticoids