title: Hypoglycemic activity of the Anisopus mannii N. E. Br. methanolic leaf extract in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic mice.
abstract: The hypoglycemic activities of nine sub-fractions from the methanolic leaf crude extract of Anisopus mannii were investigated in normoglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The methanolic sub-fraction M at 400 mg/kg bw showed significantly (p<0.05) high reduction in fasting blood glucose (FBG) at 27.36 and 65.57% in normoglycemic and diabetic mice, respectively. In acute toxicity test, M at 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg bw showed reduction in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine level, elevations in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and total bilirubin levels, as well as the body weights. The weight-ratios of kidney and liver to the body weight of the mice fed with these doses of M were reduced with no sign of histopathological alteration. The M at 250 mg/kg bw significantly reduced the FBG levels in a postprandial study. The hypoglycemic effect of M was eliminated when co-administered with isosorbide dinitrate or nifedipine indicating the induction of insulin secretion via K+ ATP-dependent channels. The UV/HPLC analysis of M indicated saponin at 7.7 mg/g. This study confirmed the traditional use of A. mannii for diabetes mellitus and the potential for the further development as a novel hypoglycemic drug.
authors.affiliation: Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai, Thailand. moseszira@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Moses Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Zaruwa
authors.forename: Aranya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manosroi
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akihisa
authors.forename: Worapaka
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Manosroi
authors.forename: Samreung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rangdaeng
authors.forename: Jiradej
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manosroi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029062:Apocynaceae / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D012016:Reference Values; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins