title: Dietary glycemic index is associated with less favorable anthropometric and metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome women with different phenotypes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare glycemic index (GI) in the usual diet of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and control women and to investigate whether dietary GI is associated with body composition and anthropometric and metabolic variables across PCOS phenotypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital outpatient clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one women with PCOS and 44 nonhirsute women with ovulatory cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metabolic work-up, biochemical and hormonal assays, assessment of body composition and rest metabolic rate, physical activity (pedometer), and food consumption (food frequency questionnaire).
  
  
  METHODS
  GI, glycemic load, dietary intake, and hormone and metabolic profile in PCOS versus control and in PCOS women stratified by tertiles of GI and PCOS phenotype.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 23.7 ± 6.3 years. Participants with PCOS had higher body fat percentage, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, lipid accumulation product, and androgen levels compared with control women. PCOS and control women in the highest tertile of GI had higher body mass index and waist circumference than those in the lowest tertile. Dietary GI was higher in the classic PCOS group. Obesity and this more severe PCOS phenotype explained 28.3% of variance in dietary GI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary GI is increased in the classic PCOS phenotype and associated with a less favorable anthropometric and metabolic profile. Obesity and classic PCOS phenotype are age-independent predictors of higher dietary GI.
authors.affiliation: Gynecologic Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Scheila Karen
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Graff
authors.forename: Fernanda Missio
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mário
authors.forename: Bruna Cherubini
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Poli Mara
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Spritzer
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016014:Linear Models; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D010641:Phenotype; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000032:analysis; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D013739:Testosterone
keywords: Diet; glycemic index; hyperandrogenism; insulin resistance; polycystic ovary syndrome