title: Imaging-guided hyperstimulation analgesia in low back pain.
abstract: Low back pain in patients with myofascial pain syndrome is characterized by painful active myofascial trigger points (ATPs) in muscles. This article reviews a novel, noninvasive modality that combines simultaneous imaging and treatment, thus taking advantage of the electrodermal information available from imaged ATPs to deliver localized neurostimulation, to stimulate peripheral nerve endings (Aδ fibers) and in turn, to release endogenous endorphins. "Hyperstimulation analgesia" with localized, intense, low-rate electrical pulses applied to painful ATPs was found to be effective in 95% patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain, in a clinical validation study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, B'nai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel ; The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorenberg
authors.forename: Kobi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwartz
keywords: electrical; impedance; myofascial; noninvasive