title: Signaling inputs to invadopodia and podosomes.
abstract: Remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) is a fundamental cell property that allows cells to alter their microenvironment and move through tissues. Invadopodia and podosomes are subcellular actin-rich structures that are specialized for matrix degradation and are formed by cancer and normal cells, respectively. Although initial studies focused on defining the core machinery of these two structures, recent studies have identified inputs from both growth factor and adhesion signaling as crucial for invasive activity. This Commentary will outline the current knowledge on the upstream signaling inputs to invadopodia and podosomes and their role in governing distinct stages of these invasive structures. We discuss invadopodia and podosomes as adhesion structures and highlight new data showing that invadopodia-associated adhesion rings promote the maturation of already-formed invadopodia. We present a model in which growth factor stimulation leads to phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity and formation of invadopodia, whereas adhesion signaling promotes exocytosis of proteinases at invadopodia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-6840, USA.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Branch
authors.forename: Alissa M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Weaver
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D002465:Cell Movement; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D005089:Exocytosis; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
keywords: Actin cytoskeleton; Adhesion; Growth factor; Invadopodia; PI3K; Podosome; phosphoinositide 3-kinase