title: Direct grafting of anti-fouling polyglycerol layers to steel and other technically relevant materials.
abstract: Direct grafting of hyperbranched polyglycerol (PG) layers onto the oxide surfaces of steel, aluminum, and silicon has been achieved through surface-initiated polymerization of 2-hydroxymethyloxirane (glycidol). Optimization of the deposition conditions led to a protocol that employed N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent and temperatures of 100 and 140 °C, depending on the substrate material. In all cases, a linear growth of the PG layers could be attained, which allows for control of film thickness by altering the reaction time. At layer thicknesses >5 nm, the PG layers completely suppressed the adhesion of albumin, fibrinogen, and globulin. These layers were also at least 90% bio-repulsive for two bacteria strains, E. coli and Acinetobacter baylyi, with further improvement being observed when the PG film thickness was increased to 17 nm (up to 99.9% bio-repulsivity on silicon).
authors.affiliation: University of Frankfurt, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: University of Frankfurt, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bechthold
authors.affiliation: University of Hamburg, Institute of Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, Martin-Luther-King-Pl. 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.affiliation: University of Frankfurt, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dauselt
authors.affiliation: University of Frankfurt, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: aterfort@chemie.uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terfort
mesh_terms: D000150:Acinetobacter / Q000187:drug effects; D000327:Adsorption; D000535:Aluminum / Q000494:pharmacology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D057219:Biofouling / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001798:Blood Proteins; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012825:Silicon / Q000494:pharmacology; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013232:Steel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013696:Temperature; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D011108:Polymers; D012997:Solvents; D013232:Steel; C043941:polyglycerol; D000535:Aluminum; D005990:Glycerol; D012825:Silicon
keywords: Antifouling surface; Dendrimer; Hydrogel; Protein adsorption; Surface grafting