title: Formulation and immunological evaluation of a trivalent vaccine comprising emulsified submicron particles and inactivated virions of H5N1/EV71/JEV.
abstract: Combination vaccines can reduce the number of injections and simplify the immunization schedule required to prevent different diseases. Here we assessed the immunogenicity in a mouse model of a vaccine composition comprising inactivated influenza viruses (H5N1/H1N1), enterovirus 71 (EV71), and/or Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and investigated whether the vaccine formulations can overcome the immunologic interference between the individual vaccine components. We demonstrated that the antigenic competition happens between H5N1/H1N1 or H5N1/EV71 inactivated virions when the vaccine combinations either formulated with Alum suspensions or without adjuvant. In the presence of PELC emulsified particles, EV71-specific immune responses before and after incorporating H5N1 virus into EV71 vaccine were detected of no significant difference; in addition, H5N1- and EV71-specific immune responses were found at the same level when H5N1/EV71/JEV consolidating into combination vaccine. Emulsified vaccine formulation was represented as a potential tool that is found to reduce the number of injections required to prevent multiple infectious strains causing the same disease (H5N1/H1N1) and/or that protect against different diseases (H5N1/EV71). Combination vaccines can also include a third component to protect against H5N1/EV71/JEV at the same time.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology; National Health Research Institutes; Zhunan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ching-Yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Wei-Lin
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shih-Chang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chien-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Jui-Yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chia-Chyi
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Alan Yung-Chih
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Tsung-Chun
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ai-Hsiang
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Suh-Chin
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Pele
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Ming-Hsi
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000534:Alum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004655:Emulsions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000276:immunology*; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D017778:Vaccines, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D014771:Virion / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000534:Alum Compounds; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004655:Emulsions; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C041524:aluminum sulfate
keywords: Japanese encephalitis; adjuvant; combination vaccine; enterovirus 71; influenza