title: Antidermatophytic and antileishmanial activities of essential oils from Lippia gracilis Schauer genotypes.
abstract: Lippia gracilis, popularly known in Brazil as 'alecrim-de-tabuleiro', is used for many purposes, especially antimicrobial and antiseptic activities. The leaves of three L. gracilis genotypes, including LGRA-106, LGRA-109 and LGRA-110 were collected from the Active Germplasm Bank located in the "Campus Rural da UFS" research farm at the São Cristóvão country, Sergipe State, Brazil. The essential oils were obtained from leaves of L. gracilis plants by hydrodistillation. Chemical analysis of the essential oils was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The susceptibility of Trichophyton rubrum strains, MYA3108 and TruMDR2, to the two L. gracilis genotypes (LGRA-106 and LGRA-109) essential oils was determined by the serial microdilution method. Leishmanicidal activity of essential oil from LGRA-106 and LGRA-110 was assayed by tetrazolium-dye (MTT) colorimetric method. The oxygenated monoterpene thymol was the main component of the essential oil from genotype LGRA-106, while Carvacrol was more abundant in LGRA-109 and LGRA-110. The concentrations of LGRA-106 and LGRA-109 essential oils that completely eliminate the fungi were determined and these concentrations were similar to those observed for fluconazole, a common antifungal drug. Among the genotype tested, LGRA-106 essential oil exhibited the best fungicidal activity at 46.87μgmL(-1). Regarding to leishmanicidal activity, the IC50, for LGRA-106 and LGRA-110, was 86.32 and 77.26μgmL(-1), respectively. The results showed that L. gracilis essential oil, rich in thymol and thymol itself presented best antidermatophytic activity, while the best leishmanicidal activity was obtained with essential oil from genotype rich in Carvacrol and Carvacrol itself.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, S/N, São Cristóvão, Sergipe CEP 49100-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Oliveira
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: de Melo
authors.forename: Tamires Aparecida
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Bitencourt
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fachin
authors.forename: Elizângela Mércia Oliveira
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Hugo César Ramos
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: de Jesus
authors.forename: Péricles Barreto
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Fátima Arrigoni-Blank
authors.forename: Suzelei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Castro Franca
authors.forename: Rene Oliveira
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Beleboni
authors.forename: Roberta Pereira Miranda
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Arie Fitzgerald
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Blank
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scher
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003124:Colorimetry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects; D032411:Lippia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C022616:thiazolyl blue
keywords: Carvacrol; Leishmania chagasi; Medicinal plants; Thymol; Trichophyton rubrum