title: Oil composition and genetic biodiversity of ancient and new olive (Olea europea L.) varieties and accessions of southern Italy.
abstract: The present study is focused on determining the olive oil fatty acid composition of ancient and recent varieties of the Campania region (Italy), but also on molecularly characterizing the most common cultivated varieties in the same region, together with olive trees of the garden of the University Campus of Salerno and of three olive groves of south Italy. Fatty acid methyl esters in the extra virgin oil derived olive fruits were determined, during three consecutive harvests, by gas chromatography. The statistical analysis on fatty acid composition was performed with the ffmanova package. The genetic biodiversity of the olive collection was estimated by using eight highly polymorphic microsatellite loci and calculating the most commonly used indexes. "Dice index" was employed to estimate the similarity level of the analysed olive samples, while the Structure software to infer their genetic structure. The fatty acid content of extra virgin olive oils, produced from the two olive groves in Campania, suggests that the composition is mainly determined by genotype and not by cultural practices or climatic conditions. Furthermore, the analysis conducted on the molecular data revealed the presence of 100 distinct genotypes and seven homonymies out of the 136 analysed trees.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cicatelli
authors.forename: Tancredi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fortunati
authors.forename: Italia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: De Feis
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Castiglione
mesh_terms: D044822:Biodiversity; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D019295:Computational Biology; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D018744:DNA, Plant; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D007558:Italy; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010802:Phylogeny; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D005227:Fatty Acids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils
keywords: Fatty acids; Genetic biodiversity; Microsatellite; Olive; Olive oil; Variety