title: [Should opioids be routinely used for the induction of general anaesthesia for caesarean section?].
abstract: The spinal anaesthesia, epidural anaesthesia or combinations of these techniques (combined spinal epidural anaesthesia) so far remain the gold standard to facilitate caesarean section. For some reasons such as refusal by the patients, medical reasons or emergency caesarean section, a general anaesthesia can be necessary. In patients with preeclampsia hypertension during endotracheal intubation has to be avoided. Here the application of an opioid is possible or even necessary to lessen increases of the heart rate and blood pressure. To lessen cardiovascular response, short acting Remifentanil has advantages, e.g. the fast clearance rate in newborns. However, the risk for the newborn from respiratory depression has to be considered and experienced staff to care for the newborn should be present after childbirth. Therefore, an interdisciplinary approach seems to be vital to cope with adverse effects that may arise due to the more frequent use of opioids in conjunction with general anaesthesia for caesarean section.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie des Universitätsklinikums Würzburg.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wasem
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rifai
authors.forename: Arnd
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hönig
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wirbelauer
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roewer
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kranke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007649:Ketamine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D000077208:Remifentanil
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D010880:Piperidines; D007649:Ketamine; D000077208:Remifentanil