title: Benefits of liraglutide treatment in overweight and obese older individuals with prediabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to evaluate the ability of liraglutide to augment weight loss and improve insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and inflammation in a high-risk population for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and CVD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomized 68 older individuals (mean age, 58±8 years) with overweight/obesity and prediabetes to this double-blind study of liraglutide 1.8 mg versus placebo for 14 weeks. All subjects were advised to decrease calorie intake by 500 kcal/day. Peripheral insulin resistance was quantified by measuring the steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) concentration during the insulin suppression test. Traditional CVD risk factors and inflammatory markers also were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven out of 35 individuals (31%) assigned to liraglutide discontinued the study compared with 6 out of 33 (18%) assigned to placebo (P=0.26). Subjects who continued to use liraglutide (n=24) lost twice as much weight as those using placebo (n=27; 6.8 vs. 3.3 kg; P<0.001). Liraglutide-treated subjects also had a significant improvement in SSPG concentration (-3.2 vs. 0.2 mmol/L; P<0.001) and significantly (P≤0.04) greater lowering of systolic blood pressure (-8.1 vs. -2.6 mmHg), fasting glucose (-0.5 vs. 0 mmol/L), and triglyceride (-0.4 vs. -0.1 mmol/L) concentration. Inflammatory markers did not differ between the two groups, but pulse increased after liraglutide treatment (6.4 vs. -0.9 bpm; P=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of liraglutide to calorie restriction significantly augmented weight loss and improved insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, glucose, and triglyceride concentration in this population at high risk for development of T2DM and CVD.
authors.affiliation: Corresponding author: Sun H. Kim, sunhkim@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Sun H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Fahim
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abbasi
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lamendola
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Danit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ariel
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schaaf
authors.forename: Kaylene
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grove
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tomasso
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochoa
authors.forename: Yeheng V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yii-Der Ida
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reaven
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D000069450:Liraglutide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; D000069450:Liraglutide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1