title: Bone repair is influenced by different particle sizes of anorganic bovine bone matrix: a histologic and radiographic study in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to analyze histologically and radiographically the influence of particle size of anorganic bovine bone matrix (ABBM) on bone repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four calvarial defects of 8 mm each were prepared in 18 adult New Zealand rabbits. The defects were then filled with either particulate autogenous bone (control group) or ABBM of large, medium, and small size granules. The animals were sacrificed at 15, 30, and 60 days after surgery. The samples were radiographically examined before being submitted to histological processing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Autogenous bone showed a slight radiopacity at the beginning, which was increased at the final period, being very similar to the adjacent bone tissue. The large and medium size ABBM particles maintained the same radiographic behavior, showing a radiolucent area in the central portion of the defect at 60 days. ABBM of small size granules showed a slight radiolucity at the initial period, which was increased at the subsequent periods. More intense bone formation occurred in the control group (autogenous bone). All 3 particle sizes of the biomaterial resulted in inflammatory infiltration at 15 and 30 days. ABBM of small size granules lead to a greater amount of osteoid tissue, and the particles were almost totally reabsorbed within 60 days of implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Autogenous bone graft lead to the best result in terms of bone defect repair; ABBM of large and medium size granules are not totally reabsorbed at the observed period; ABBM of small size granules was more intensively reabsorbed and led to a greater osteoid tissue formation when compared to the medium and large ABBM granules.
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, Campinas State University, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro Eduardo
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Klüppel
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Antonini
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olate
authors.forename: Frederico Felipe
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: José Ricardo
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Albergaria-Barbosa
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazzonetto
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D064592:Autografts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002417:Cattle; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D064593:Heterografts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010316:Particle Size; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials