title: Examination of 1-methylimidazole series ionic liquids in the extraction of flavonoids from Chamaecyparis obtuse leaves using a response surface methodology.
abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs) are a new type of reagent that has accelerated research in extraction technology. On the other hand, few studies have systematically applied 1-methylimidazole ([MIM]) series ILs to the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants. In this study, [MIM] series ILs were used to extract four bioactive flavonoids, such as dihydrokaempferol, quercitrin, amentoflavone and myricetin, from Chamaecyparis obtuse (CO) leaves. First, a screen of the extraction method and solvent revealed the [MIM] series ILs to be suitable as additives in methanol in Soxhlet extraction. Second, an examination of a range of cations and anions of [MIM] series ILs for extraction revealed 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([DMIM][Br]) to be the best selection as an additive in methanol for the Soxhlet extraction of flavonoids from (CO) leaves. Finally, some factors of extraction, such as temperature, time and amount of samples, were examined systematically using a response surface methodology (RSM). Based on the above optimization, 2.41, 3.47, 0.76 and 3.15mg/g of dihydrokaempferol, quercitrin, amentoflavone and myricetin, respectively, were extracted from 15g of CO leaves by 2.5mgmL(-1) of [DMIM][Br] as additives in 200mL of methanol in Soxhlet extraction at 200°C for 8h. This study highlights the potential of [MIM] series ILs as promising reagents for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Baokun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yu Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yu Ri
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyung Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Row
mesh_terms: D029780:Chamaecyparis / Q000737:chemistry*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D010936:Plant Extracts; C018100:1-methylimidazole
keywords: 1-Decyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide; 1-Methylimidazole series ionic liquids; Bioactive compounds; Chamaecyparis obtuse; Response surface methodology