title: Bone health as a function of adipokines and vitamin D pattern in elderly patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin, leptin, and resistin are involved in bone metabolism, but the evidence regarding their effects is not conclusive. We analyzed the relationship between these adipokines, vitamin D, and bone health using a cluster analysis approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used cross-sectional data coming from the InCHIANTI study, in which bone density and area were estimated using computed tomography. The sample size was 690 (women, 57.5%; mean age, 75.2 years; range, 65-102). Five clusters were generated on the basis of gender, age, adipokines, and vitamin D concentrations. The clusters were characterized, respectively, by higher resistin and older age (hR-O, n=134), higher vitamin D and younger age (hD-Y, n=152), higher adiponectin (hA, n=65), and higher leptin (hL, n=52). The last cluster had intermediate values of all the constituting variables (I, n=287). The clusters were compared with respect to bone parameters and clinical characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cluster hR-O had the lowest total and cortical bone density. Cluster hD-Y had the lowest adiponectin (9.29 g/mL) and leptin (7.9 ng/mL) serum concentrations, the highest prevalence of men (71.1%), and total/cortical bone density and area. No statistically significant difference across clusters was observed for age- and sex-standardized measures of bone mineral density and bone area, but leptin was associated with these parameters in a linear model adjusted for age, gender, vitamin D, resistin, and leptin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In an elderly population, age and sex almost completely explain the variability in bone status across cluster characterized by different levels of circulating adipokines and vitamin D. The role of leptin, however, seems worthy of consideration.
authors.affiliation: 1 Geriatric Unit, "Campus Biomedico" University , Roma, Italy .
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pedone
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Napoli
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pozzilli
authors.forename: Fulvio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lauretani
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bandinelli
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrucci
authors.forename: Francesca Flavia
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Antonelli-Incalzi
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000502:physiology*; D000368:Aged; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D014807:Vitamin D