title: Symptoms of sleep disorders and objective academic performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to compare the academic performance of children with and without symptoms of sleep disorders (SSD).
  
  
  METHODS
  We distributed 5400 questionnaires (Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children [SDSC], Brazilian version) to 7- to 10-year-old children at public elementary schools in São Paulo, Brazil. We analyzed the academic grades of Portuguese (Port) and Mathematics (Math) in 2384 children (1224 girls; 51%). Grades were assigned on a scale of 0-10 and five was considered a passing grade. Children with symptoms of sleep disorders (SSD) and symptoms of sleep-breathing disorders (SSBD) were compared to children with no symptoms of SSD (no-SSD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean Port (6.6±2.2) and Math (6.3±2.2) grades were lower in children with SSD or sleep-breathing disorders (SBD) than those among children with no-SSD (Port, 7.1±2.1 and Math, 7.1±2.1; P<.05). Boys with SSD or SSBD had lower grades (Port, 6.4±2.2 and Math, 6.1±2.2) than girls (Port, 6.9±2.2 and Math, 6.5±2.2; P<.05). There were more children with failing Port grades with SSD or SSBD (13%) than those among children with no-SSD (9%; P<.05). Regarding Math, 25.4% of SSD or SSBD children had failing grades vs. 8.4% of children with no-SSD (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our sample, children with SSD particularly SBD were at increased risk for poor academic performance in Math and Port.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciane Bizari Coin
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Lucila Bizari Fernandes
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: do Prado
authors.forename: Vanessa Ruotolo
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Ferrreira
authors.forename: Mariana Bezerra
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: da Rocha Figueiredo
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: José Fausto
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: de Morais
authors.forename: Gilmar Fernandes
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: do Prado
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008037:Linguistics / Q000193:education; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics / Q000193:education; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Children; Cognition; Questionnaire; School performance; Sleep breathing disorders; Sleep disorders