title: Synergistic effects of nanotopography and co-culture with endothelial cells on osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: Inspired by the aligned nanostructures and co-existence of vascular cells and stem cells in human cancellous bone, we quantitatively investigated the relative contributions of nanotopography and co-culture with human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) to the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Although both nanotopography and co-culture independently enhanced the osteogenesis of hMSCs, osteogenesis was further enhanced by the two factors in combination, indicating the importance of synergistic cues in stem cell engineering. Interestingly, nanotopography provided a larger relative contribution to the osteogenesis of hMSCs than did co-culture with HUVECs. Furthermore, the osteogenesis of hMSCs was also affected by the density of parallel nanogrooves, exhibiting a maximum at a 1:3 spacing ratio, as defined as the ratio of ridge width to groove width. Analysis of (i) biochemical soluble factors, (ii) hMSC-substrate interaction and (iii) hMSC-HUVEC interaction suggests that (ii) and (iii) play a crucial role in mediating osteogenic phenotypes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jangho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hong Nam
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ki-Taek
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Yeonju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Shambhavi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Yun-Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choung
authors.forename: Pill-Hoon
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Choung
authors.forename: Kahp-Yang
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Jong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048430:Cell Shape; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D018920:Coculture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010012:Osteogenesis; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Co-culture; Endothelial cells; Mesenchymal stem cells; Nanotopography; Osteogenesis