title: Vertical force and wrist deviation angle in a sample of elderly people using walkers.
abstract: Walkers are frequently used by elderly people with weak lower limbs and limited balance, but the ergonomic relationship between the use of a walker and stress on the upper limbs is relatively unstudied. The current study assessed wrist deviation and vertical force among elderly individuals using a walker for assistance in walking. 60 elderly volunteers (M age = 81.0 yr., SD = 8.8) participated, 30 of whom frequently used a walker, and 30 who had no such prior experience. Data were obtained from four load cells and a twin-axis wrist goniometer during assisted ambulation using the walker. No significant group difference was found in gait cycle. Significant wrist deviation occurred, with ulnar deviation/dorsiflexion of the right hand, which was greater than that of the left. Non-experienced participants had larger dorsiflexion than experienced participants. Experienced participants produced larger vertical force than non-experienced participants. The greaterthe wrist deviation, the greater was the vertical force. The horizontal handles of most marketed walkers cause wrist deviations. This is a concern for users, clinicians, and related industries. Improvements in walker design should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Tatung University, Taiwan. leung@ttu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Cherng-Yee
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Po-Chan
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Yeh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D014457:Ulna / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014853:Walkers / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000592:standards; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*; D014953:Wrist / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology