title: Ultra-low-dose vaginal estrogen tablets for the treatment of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy.
abstract: Vaginal atrophy is a common chronic condition affecting up to 57% of postmenopausal women. The decrease in estrogen following cessation of menses can lead to bothersome symptoms that include vaginal dryness and irritation, pain and burning during urination (dysuria), urinary tract infections, and pain (dyspareunia) and bleeding during sexual activities. These symptoms can be safely and effectively managed with the use of local estrogen therapy, which reduces the risks associated with long-term systemic hormone therapy. The ultra-low-dose 10 μg estradiol vaginal tablet is the lowest approved dose available and has an annual estradiol exposure of only 1.14 mg. Its development addresses recommendations from regulatory agencies and women's health societies regarding the use of the lowest hormonal dose. The 10 μg vaginal tablet displays minimal estradiol absorption, causes no increased risk of endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma, and provides significant symptom relief. The clinical evidence presented here may offer greater reassurance to health-care professionals and postmenopausal women that vaginal atrophy can be treated safely and effectively.
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Maamari
mesh_terms: D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D001284:Atrophy; D004414:Dyspareunia / Q000188:drug therapy; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017698:Postmenopause; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014621:Vagina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies; D014623:Vaginal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies; D004958:Estradiol