title: Effectiveness of simulated interventions in reducing the estimated prevalence of Salmonella in UK pig herds.
abstract: Salmonella spp are a major foodborne zoonotic cause of human illness. Consumption of pork products is believed to be a major source of human salmonellosis and Salmonella control throughout the food-chain is recommended. A number of on-farm interventions have been proposed, and some have been implemented in order to try to achieve Salmonella control. In this study we utilize previously developed models describing Salmonella dynamics to investigate the potential effects of a range of these on-farm interventions. As the models indicated that the number of bacteria shed in the faeces of an infectious animal was a key factor, interventions applied within a high-shedding scenario were also analysed. From simulation of the model, the probability of infection after Salmonella exposure was found to be a key driver of Salmonella transmission. The model also highlighted that minimising physiological stress can have a large effect but only when shedding levels are not excessive. When shedding was high, weekly cleaning and disinfection was not effective in Salmonella control. However it is possible that cleaning may have an effect if conducted more often. Furthermore, separating infectious animals, shedding bacteria at a high rate, from the rest of the population was found to be able to minimise the spread of Salmonella.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infection and Global Health, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Liverpool, Neston, Cheshire, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alexander D C
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Berriman
authors.forename: Damian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clancy
authors.forename: Helen E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Clough
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Christley
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D057138:Bacterial Shedding; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004203:Disinfection; D005243:Feces; D006799:Housing, Animal; D008954:Models, Biological; D015995:Prevalence; D012475:Salmonella; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology