title: Understanding and managing medication in elderly people.
abstract: Ageing alters drug handling by the body (pharmacokinetics) and response to medications (pharmacodynamics). Multiple comorbidities increase the risk of adverse drug reactions and medication burden, with increased potential for drug interactions. Elderly people are seldom included in clinical trials, so underestimation of benefits and overestimation of risk may lead to under-treatment. Cognitive and functional changes associated with ageing may make it difficult for elderly people to adhere to treatment regimens. In this review, we consider these issues, with particular reference to drugs prescribed for gynaecology patients (the 'gynaecology formulary'). It will focus on key areas of gynaecological practice, including prescribing anticholinergic drugs, hormone treatments and anticancer drugs, and perioperative issues relating to anaesthesia, analgesia and anticoagulation. Implications of common comorbidities, including osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, for prescribing in gynaecological patients will also be considered.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Division of Biomedical Sciences, St George's University of London, Mailpoint J1A, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK.
authors.forename: Dagan O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Lonsdale
authors.forename: Emma H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054539:Medication Therapy Management; D000069437:Pharmacological Phenomena; D019338:Polypharmacy
keywords: adverse drug reactions; clinical trials; cognition; comorbidities; drug interactions; gynaecology formulary; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; polypharmacy