title: The effect of air pollutants on the microecology of the respiratory tract of rats.
abstract: To study the effect of air pollution on the microecology of the respiratory tracts and the relationship of the biotopes with respiratory diseases, Wistar rats exposed to mixed air pollutants were used as poisoning models. The bacterial floras of respiratory tract were analyzed as well as expression of pro-inflammatory mediators of the respiratory epithelium. The mRNA and protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory factor and cytokines measured showed that there were significant changes in the microbiocenosis of the respiratory tract. The microorganisms underwent quantitative and qualitative changes following exposure to mixed air pollutants including a decline of indigenous microflora and increase of the content of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. These changes depended on the degree of air pollution severity. Measurement of pro-inflammatory factors CC16, TNF-α and IL-6 revealed a similar time-dependent relationship between the content of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and the interference of CC16 secretion, as well as up-expression of TNF-α and IL-6.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe St, Huanggu Dis, Shenyang City, Liaoning Pro 110034, PR China. Electronic address: xiaochunling@symc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunling
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe St, Huanggu Dis, Shenyang City, Liaoning Pro 110034, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuyin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe St, Huanggu Dis, Shenyang City, Liaoning Pro 110034, PR China.
authors.forename: Weiqiang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe St, Huanggu Dis, Shenyang City, Liaoning Pro 110034, PR China.
authors.forename: Dezhi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe St, Huanggu Dis, Shenyang City, Liaoning Pro 110034, PR China.
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe St, Huanggu Dis, Shenyang City, Liaoning Pro 110034, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe St, Huanggu Dis, Shenyang City, Liaoning Pro 110034, PR China.
authors.forename: Kuimin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146, North Huanghe St, Huanggu Dis, Shenyang City, Liaoning Pro 110034, PR China.
authors.forename: Renqun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010614:Pharynx / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014598:Uteroglobin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C556391:Scgb1a1 protein, rat; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014598:Uteroglobin
keywords: BALF; Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; CC16; Clara cell secretory protein; EMB; Eosin methylene blue; IL-6; Interleukin-6; Microecology; Mixed air pollutants; PM; Particulate matter; Proinflammatory cytokines; Respiratory tract; TNF-α; Tumor necrosis factor-α