title: Evaluation of larvicidal activity and brine shrimp toxicity of rhizome extracts of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, we used dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of the Zingiber zerumbet rhizome to evaluate brine shrimp lethality and larvicidal activity on Aedes aegypti and Anopheles nuneztovari mosquitoes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bioassays were performed by exposing third-instar larvae of each mosquito species to the DCM or MeOH extracts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Probit analysis with DCM and MeOH extracts demonstrated efficient larvicidal activity against A. aegypti and A. nuneztovari larvae.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DCM and MeOH extracts showed higher activity against A. nuneztovari larvae than against A. aegypti larvae, suggesting that the extracts have species-specific activity.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil. abucker@gmail.com
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bücker
authors.forename: Nádia Cristina
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Falcão-Bücker
authors.forename: Cecília Veronica
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Nunez
authors.forename: Carlos Cleomir de Souza
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Pinheiro
authors.forename: Wanderli Pedro
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Tadei
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects*; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects*; D001681:Biological Assay; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D000432:Methanol / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D008752:Methylene Chloride / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D008752:Methylene Chloride; D000432:Methanol