title: Genetic Associations of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme with Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Meta-analysis.
abstract: A number of studies have reported an association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism with primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH), however the reports have demonstrated inconclusive results. To clarify this conflict, we updated the previously performed meta-analysis by Peck et al., which revealed negative results, by investigating the ACE polymorphism and its correlation to PICH.
  
  
  
  PubMed and Embase databases (through Dec 2012) were searched for English articles on the relationship of the I/D polymorphism in ACE with PICH in humans. Summary odds ratios (ORs) were estimated and potential sources of heterogeneity and bias were explored.
  
  
  
  A total of 805 PICH cases and 1641 control cases obtained from 8 case-control studies were included. The results suggest that in dominant genetic models, the ACE I/D polymorphic variant was associated with a 58% increase in susceptibility risk of PICH (OR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.07-2.35 for DD vs. DI+II). However, in the subgroup analysis based on race, a significant increased risk was found in Asian DD homozygote carriers (OR = 1.76 and 95% CI = 1.16-2.66 for DD vs. DI+II), but not in Caucasian DD homozygote carriers (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.36-3.88, P = 0.784 for DD vs. DI+II). The heterogeneity between studies was remarkable, and its major sources of heterogeneity were due to the year in which the study was published. No potential publication bias was observed in dominant genetic models.
  
  
  
  These data demonstrated evidence of a positive association between ACE I/D polymorphism with PICH, and suggested that the ACE gene is a PICH susceptible gene in Asian populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yuhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lora Talley
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Watts
authors.forename: Qingfang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Guo-Yuan
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Liuguan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bian
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A