title: Protein carbonylation as a major hallmark of oxidative damage: update of analytical strategies.
abstract: Protein carbonylation, one of the most harmful irreversible oxidative protein modifications, is considered as a major hallmark of oxidative stress-related disorders. Protein carbonyl measurements are often performed to assess the extent of oxidative stress in the context of cellular damage, aging and several age-related disorders. A wide variety of analytical techniques are available to detect and quantify protein-bound carbonyls generated by metal-catalyzed oxidation, lipid peroxidation or glycation/glycoxidation. Here we review current analytical approaches for protein carbonyl detection with a special focus on mass spectrometry-based techniques. The utility of several carbonyl-derivatization reagents, enrichment protocols and especially advanced mass spectrometry techniques are compared and discussed in detail. Furthermore, the mechanisms and biology of protein carbonylation are summarized based on recent high-throughput proteomics data.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany; Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fedorova
authors.forename: Ravi Chand
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bollineni
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins
keywords: hydrazine; hydroxyl amine; mass spectrometry; protein carbonylation