title: Pentraxin 3 and other inflammatory factors in central retinal vein occlusion and macular edema.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between vitreous fluid levels of inflammatory factors and macular edema in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).
  
  
  METHODS
  In 30 CRVO patients with macular edema and 29 controls with idiopathic macular hole, vitreous fluid samples were obtained during vitreoretinal surgery. Retinal ischemia was evaluated from capillary nonperfusion on fluorescein angiography. Macular edema was examined by optical coherence tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vitreous fluid levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble VEGF receptor 2 (sVEGFR-2), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and pentraxin 3 (PTX3) were significantly higher in CRVO patients than in macular hole patients. Vitreous fluid levels of VEGF, sICAM-1, IL-6, MCP-1, and PTX3 were significantly correlated with the retinal thickness at the central fovea. There were significant correlations between the vitreous fluid level of VEGF and the levels of sICAM-1, IL-6, and MCP-1 in the CRVO patients. There was also a significant correlation between sVEGFR-2 and PTX3 but not between VEGF and PTX3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest the importance of VEGF, its signal transduction pathways, and the cytokine network and may be useful for understanding the mechanism of macular edema in CRVO and developing new treatments.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology, Yachiyo Medical Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Chiba, Japan; †Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; ‡Department of Ophthalmology, Eguchi Eye Hospital, Hakodate, Japan; and §Department of Hygiene and Public Health II, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noma
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masahara
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000378:metabolism*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099153:Pentraxins
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; D000099153:Pentraxins; C508600:IL6 protein, human; C467484:VEGFA protein, human