title: Impact of a multi-nutrient diet on cognition, brain metabolism, hemodynamics, and plasticity in apoE4 carrier and apoE knockout mice.
abstract: Lipid metabolism and genetic background together strongly influence the development of both cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). A non-pharmacological way to prevent the genotype-induced occurrence of these pathologies is given by dietary behavior. In the present study, we tested the effects of long-term consumption of a specific multi-nutrient diet in two models for atherosclerosis and vascular risk factors in AD: the apolipoprotein ε4 (apoE4) and the apoE knockout (apoE ko) mice. This specific multi-nutrient diet was developed to support neuronal membrane synthesis and was expected to contribute to the maintenance of vascular health. At 12 months of age, both genotypes showed behavioral changes compared to control mice and we found increased neurogenesis in apoE ko mice. The specific multi-nutrient diet decreased anxiety-related behavior in the open field, influenced sterol composition in serum and brain tissue, and increased the concentration of omega-3 fatty acids in the brain. Furthermore, we found that wild-type and apoE ko mice fed with this multi-nutrient diet showed locally increased cerebral blood volume and decreased hippocampal glutamate levels. Taken together, these data suggest that a specific dietary intervention has beneficial effects on early pathological consequences of hypercholesterolemia and vascular risk factors for AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, D.Jansen@anat.umcn.nl.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zerbi
authors.forename: Carola I F
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: Daan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Rooij
authors.forename: Bastian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zinnhardt
authors.forename: Pieter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Dederen
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Laus M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Broersen
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lütjohann
authors.forename: Arend
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heerschap
authors.forename: Amanda J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kiliaan
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D055495:Neurogenesis; D009929:Organ Size; D053764:Presenilin-1 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D053764:Presenilin-1