title: Methods to recover value-added coproducts from dry grind processing of grains into fuel ethanol.
abstract: Three methods are described to fractionate condensed distillers solubles (CDS) into several new coproducts, including a protein-mineral fraction and a glycerol fraction by a chemical method; a protein fraction, an oil fraction and a glycerol-mineral fraction by a physical method; or a protein fraction, an oil fraction, a mineral fraction, and a glycerol fraction by a physicochemical method. Processing factors (ethanol concentration and centrifuge force) were also investigated. Results show that the three methods separated CDS into different fractions, with each fraction enriched with one or more of the five components (protein, oil, ash, glycerol and other carbohydrates) and thus having different targeted end uses. Furthermore, because glycerol, a hygroscopic substance, was mostly shifted to the glycerol or glycerol-mineral fraction, the other fractions had much faster moisture reduction rates than CDS upon drying in a forced air oven at 60 °C. Thus, these methods could effectively solve the dewatering problem of CDS, allowing elimination of the current industrial practice of blending distiller wet grains with CDS for drying together and production of distiller dried grains as a standalone coproduct in addition to a few new fractions.
authors.affiliation: Grain Chemistry and Utilization Laboratory, National Small Grains and Potato Germplam Research Unit, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Aberdeen, Idaho 83210, United States. Keshun.liu@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Keshun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Frederic T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Barrows
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D005511:Food Handling; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D014866:Waste Products; D000431:Ethanol