title: Intermittent counter-current extraction-Equilibrium cell model, scaling and an improved bobbin design.
abstract: This paper describes an equilibrium cell model for intermittent counter-current extraction that is analytically solved for the first time for continuous sample injection between a pair of columns. The model is compared with practice for injections of a model mixture of compounds on a standard high-performance counter-current chromatography instrument giving good agreement for compound elution order and the times to maximum concentration for the eluted components. An improved design of end fittings for the counter-current chromatography bobbins is described which permits on-column switching of the mobile and stationary phases. This on-column switching successfully eliminates the displaced stationary phase seen in fractions when operating ICcE with standard flying leads and gives a 6% reduction in the retention time of compounds and improved resolution due to the elimination of the time delay required to pump the previous mobile phase from standard flying leads.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Bioprocessing Centre, Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK. peter.hewitson@brunel.ac.uk
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hewitson
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: Artak E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kostanyan
authors.forename: Andrei A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Voshkin
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ignatova
mesh_terms: D003377:Countercurrent Distribution / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007700:Kinetics; D008962:Models, Theoretical
keywords: Equilibrium cell model; Flying leads; ICcE; Intermittent counter-current extraction; Scale up