title: Endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy: A novel and effective treatment for gynecomastia.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the procedure for and efficacy of endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy for gynecomastia. Endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy was performed on 100 benign, palpable breast enlargements in 58 male patients who were followed-up for 15-63 months. The surgery was conducted with the insufflation of CO2subdermally. No cases were converted to open surgery. The unilateral surgery time was 70-90 min. The mean volume of the resected tissue was 200 ml. All procedures were completed successfully, with satisfactory clinical effects and ideal esthetic results postoperatively. There were three cases (3%) of papillary epidermal partial necrosis; following removal of the dressing during the hospital stay, normal nipple sensation returned. Endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy had good clinical effects and ideal cosmetic results and is an appropriate approach for gynecomastia.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zhi-Xue
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Hao-Rong
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Guo-Qin
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Jiang
keywords: endoscopic; gynecomastia; mastectomy