title: Biofilm formation by oral clinical isolates of Candida species.
abstract: We have conducted a longitudinal study to quantify biofilms in oral clinical isolates of Candida species (spp.) from adults with local and systemic predisposing factors for candidiasis. A total of 69 yeast isolates from 63 Mexican patients were evaluated. These isolates (39 C. albicans, 15 C. tropicalis, 7 C. glabrata, 4 C. krusei, 1 C. lusitaniae, 1 C. kefyr, 1 C. guilliermondii and 1 C. pulcherrima) were obtained from two clinical sites: 62.3% (n=43) from the oral mucosa of totally and partially edentulous patients, and 37.7% (n=26) from the oral mucosa of diabetics. In addition, Candida ATCC strains were used as controls for each experiment. The kinetics of biofilm formation were measured by 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide [XTT] reduction; each isolate was tested at 6, 12 and 24h. Biofilm formation is dependent on the Candida spp. and its clinical origin. On average, the oral isolates of C. glabrata are strong biofilm producers, whereas C. albicans and C. tropicalis are moderate producers. The most common species in our population was C. albicans. While the kinetics of C. albicans biofilm formation varies between oral isolates, it generally maintains steady growth from 2 to 48h, when it reaches its maximum growth.
authors.affiliation: Oral Microbiology, Pathology and Biochemical laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. lo.sanchezvargas@gmail.com
authors.forename: Luis Octavio
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Vargas
authors.forename: Deyanira
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Estrada-Barraza
authors.forename: Amaury J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Pozos-Guillen
authors.forename: Raimundo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rivas-Caceres
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D002175:Candida / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008800:Mexico; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D012307:Risk Factors; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts
chemical_list: D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C059087:2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide
keywords: Biofilm; Candida species; Clinical isolates; Denture wearers; Diabetes mellitus 2