title: Monitoring of hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated by skeletal muscle.
abstract: Understanding the roles and functions of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in skeletal muscle requires the ability to monitor specific species at rest and during muscle use. These species are generated at a variety of sites in muscle fibers, and approaches to their analysis are becoming available. We utilize microdialysis approaches to sample the interstitial space of skeletal muscle in vivo to allow continuous monitoring of nitric oxide and some reactive oxygen species. The approach to monitor intracellular species that we currently favor utilizes isolated single muscle fibers to allow the use of fluorescent probes and epifluorescence microscopy. Methods are described that illustrate these approaches.
authors.affiliation: MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom. m.j.jackson@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: Malcolm J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Exercise; Hydrogen peroxide; Nitric oxide; Skeletal muscle; Superoxide