title: Pseudomonas DING proteins as human transcriptional regulators and HIV-1 antagonists.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anti-HIV-1 therapy depends upon multiple agents that target different phases of the viral replication cycle. Recent reports indicate that plant and human DING proteins are unique in targeting viral gene transcription as the basis of their anti-HIV-1 therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two cloned DING genes from Pseudomonas were transiently expressed in human cells, and effects on NFκB-mediated transcription, HIV-1 transcription, and HIV-1 production were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both DING proteins elevated NFκB-mediated transcription. In microglial cells, one protein, from P. aeruginosa PA14, suppressed HIV-1 transcription; the other protein, from P. fluorescens SBW25, was inactive. The PA14DING protein also reduces HIV-1 production in microglial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Structural differences between the two DING proteins highlight regions of the PA14DING protein essential to the anti-HIV-1 activity, and may guide the design of therapeutic agents.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland 92019, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Valentin
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Le Douce
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rohr
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000821:virology; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics; D011551:Pseudomonas fluorescens / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors