title: Volumetric analysis of regional variability in the cerebellum of children with dyslexia.
abstract: Cerebellar deficits and subsequent impairment in procedural learning may contribute to both motor difficulties and reading impairment in dyslexia. We used quantitative magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the role of regional variation in cerebellar anatomy in children with single-word decoding impairments (N = 23), children with impairment in fluency alone (N = 8), and typically developing children (N = 16). Children with decoding impairments (dyslexia) demonstrated no statistically significant differences in overall grey and white matter volumes or cerebellar asymmetry; however, reduced volume in the anterior lobe of the cerebellum relative to typically developing children was observed. These results implicate cerebellar involvement in dyslexia and establish an important foundation for future research on the connectivity of the cerebellum and cortical regions typically associated with reading impairment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Texas Medical Center Annex, University of Houston, 2151 W. Holcombe Blvd., Suite 220, Houston, TX, 77204-5053, USA, vgfernandez@uh.edu.
authors.forename: Vindia G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Karla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stuebing
authors.forename: Jenifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Juranek
authors.forename: Jack M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fletcher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011932:Reading