title: [Associated factors with complications of the use of parenteral nutrition in premature infants].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Associated factors with complications of the parenteral nutrition (PN) in the preterm infant have not been well studied and there are some controversies in the literature.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify associated factors with complications of the use of PN in preterm patients Neonatalogy Service.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a longitudinal, observational, retrospective, comparative study (case-control) from January 2008 to December 2010, of the infants who received PN support covering the inclusion criteria (newborns 28 to 36 weeks gestational age from 0 to 28 days after birth, who received PN for at least 6 days). We excluded patients with cholestasis by anatomic obstruction hepatobiliary tract, metabolic disease or congenital metabolic syndrome (inborn errors of metabolism). Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics and inferential. The associated factors were investigated through the OR (odds ratio) and multivariate analysis. Significance levels were set at p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total number of patients studied was 67, which is divided into two groups: group A (n = 35) preterm infants with complications secondary to treatment with PN and group B (n = 32), preterm no complications from the procedure. Of all patients in group A, cases, 13 (37%) had mechanical complications; 14 (40%) patients, infectious related with PN or venous catheter (administration via) and 32 (91.4%) patients with metabolic complications as disorders of glucose homeostasis and hyperglycemia predominated (20 patients in group A which corresponds to 57%). In multivariate analysis revealed as protective factors in the use of average protein < 3 g/kg/ day in the first week, osmolarity of the mixture average < 1,200 mOsm/L and relationship non-nitrogenous calories: protein nitrogen > 140:1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While there are already installed factors that can not be modified, such as prematurity and low birth weight start nutritional therapy, an adequate proportion of nutrients and osmolality of the mixture can reduce the presence of complications associated with PN.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neonatología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital General Dr. Gaudencio González Garza, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, IMSS. tapiachar@yahoo.com.mx
authors.forename: Carlos Antonio
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tapia-Rombo
authors.forename: Martha Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Vara
authors.forename: Ana Maria Guillermina
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Solano
authors.forename: Rosa María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Zanella
authors.forename: Lilia Selenia
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Gómez-de-los-santos
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies