title: First report of fingerprinting dried herbal products using a subtractive diversity array.
abstract: Introduction Sequence - independent microarrays have never been used to identify and authenticate dried herbal plants.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report successful fingerprinting of seven species: Leonurus sibiricus, Astragalus membranaceus, Coix lachryma-jobi, Magnolia biondii, Abutilon theophrasti, Physalis alkekengi, and Salvia miltiorrhiza from dried tissues using a sequence-independent microarray, "Subtracted Diversity Array".
  
  
  RESULTS
  Herbal plants could be identified from tissues as they were sold at the clinic. Hierarchical cluster of these species generated using SPSS v.15.0 confirmed to their predicted taxonomical relationships as specified in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II classification system. A polymorphism rate of 40.7% was achieved from the 376 spots used for fingerprinting. Functional characterization of polymorphic features by sequencing revealed 27.1% of those were retroelements or genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This technique provides a new way to produce markers for authenticating dried herbal samples.
authors.affiliation: RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. e62648@ems.rmit.edu.au
authors.forename: Linhai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mantri
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wohlmuth
authors.forename: Chunguang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Charlie C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Edwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods*; D018744:DNA, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000235:genetics*; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018626:Retroelements; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D018626:Retroelements