title: Focal choroidal excavation in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence and 3-dimensional (3-D) tomographic features of focal choroidal excavations in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 116 consecutive eyes with CSC with a prototype 3-D swept-source OCT. 3-D images of the shape of the macular area, covering 6 × 6 mm(2), were reconstructed by segmentation of the outer surface of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 3-D swept-source OCT detected focal choroidal excavations in 9 eyes (7.8%). The 3-D scanning protocol, coupled with en face scans, allowed for clear visualization of the excavation morphology. In 5 eyes with focal excavations, unusual choroidal tissue was found beneath the excavation, bridging the bottom of the excavation and the outer choroidal boundary. Additionally, 3 of those 5 eyes showed a suprachoroidal space below the excavation, as if the outer choroidal boundary is pulled inward by this bridging tissue. The focal choroidal excavations were located within fluorescein leakage points and areas of choroidal hyperpermeability. Eyes with focal choroidal excavations were more myopic (-4.42 ± 2.92 diopters) than eyes without excavations (-0.27 ± 1.80 diopters, P = .001). Subfoveal choroidal thickness was significantly thinner (301.3 ± 60.1 μm) in eyes with focal excavations than in eyes without the excavations (376.6 ± 104.8 μm, P = .036).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Focal choroidal excavations were present in 7.8% of eyes with CSC. In these eyes, focal choroidal excavations may have formed from RPE retraction caused by focal scarring of choroidal connective tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abdallah A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ellabban
authors.forename: Akitaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsujikawa
authors.forename: Sotaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ooto
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashiro
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akagi-Kurashige
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueda-Arakawa
authors.forename: Shigeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arichika
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshitake
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Nagahisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D056833:Central Serous Chorioretinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002829:Choroid / Q000473:pathology*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green