title: Awareness of osteoporosis and its relationship with calcaneus quantitative ultrasound in a large Chinese community population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The People's Republic of China has the largest population affected by osteoporosis in the world. However, no population-based survey of osteoporosis awareness in People's Republic of China has been reported. This study investigated the level of basic awareness of osteoporosis in a large community in People's Republic of China. The relationship between level of awareness and quantitative ultrasound (US) measurements at the calcaneus was also assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was completed by 9983 men and women aged 40 years or older in Nanjing, People's Republic of China, between June and December 2011. During this time, the study participants underwent quantitative US measurement. Data from 9049 of the subjects were included in the final analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of subjects who were aware of osteoporosis was very low. Only 30.7% had heard of osteoporosis, and only 18.5% had heard of osteoporotic fracture. In total, 52.9% of the subjects drank milk, 16.0% took calcium, 7.1% took vitamin D, and 47.2% were performing regular physical activity. Logistic regression showed that more highly educated older women had significantly better awareness of osteoporosis (P < 0.05). Subjects with a history of a previous osteoporotic fracture also had better awareness (P < 0.05) than subjects without such a history, except for those who drank milk. Similar to previous reports, female sex, old age, a low education level, and a personal history of osteoporotic fracture were significantly associated with a low quantitative US measurement (P < 0.001). Further, drinking milk and having not heard of osteoporosis were significantly associated with a higher quantitative US measurement (P < 0.05), while other indicators of osteoporosis awareness were not associated with quantitative US values (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Awareness of osteoporosis in People's Republic of China is very low. National awareness strategies should be implemented, especially for poorly educated young men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhixiao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Mengdei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zhenxin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Chuchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001364:Awareness; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Chinese; awareness; osteoporosis; quantitative ultrasound