title: New role of silent information regulator 1 in cerebral ischemia.
abstract: Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a type of histone deacetylase whose activity is dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. SIRT1 plays a key role in the longevity effects elicited by calorie restriction. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of SIRT1 was reported for neurological diseases. The focus of this review is to summarize the protective effects of SIRT1 in cerebral ischemia. First, the posttranslational modifications of SIRT1 are illustrated; then, we discuss the roles of SIRT1 in cerebral immune homeostasis. Next, we introduce the deacetylase activity of SIRT1 in cerebral ischemia and provide some examples of relevant studies. In addition, we discuss several activated mediators of SIRT1, such as resveratrol, caloric restriction, ischemic preconditioning, and other proteins and compounds. Finally, we highlight a few SIRT1-related signaling pathways, such as the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α, nuclear transcription factor κB, uncoupling protein 2, and forkhead box O pathways. Taken together, the information compiled in this article will serve as a comprehensive reference for the actions of SIRT1 in the nervous system and will help in the design of future experimental research and promote SIRT1 as a new therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Weixun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Zhenxing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dinghua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Zhenxiao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy*; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047495:PPAR gamma; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D000077185:Resveratrol; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology*; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2
chemical_list: C085126:FOXO1 protein, human; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D007473:Ion Channels; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D047495:PPAR gamma; D013267:Stilbenes; C000604389:UCP2 protein, human; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; C447939:SIRT1 protein, human; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Cerebral ischemia; Neuroprotection; SIRT1