title: Complementary and alternative medicine use in pregnancy in Mashhad, Iran, 2007-8.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was done to assess the use of traditional/complementary and alternative medicine (TM/CAM) during pregnancy and the reasons behind it from the mother's perspective.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-sectional study, 919 pregnant mothers attending at prenatal care units of governmental health centers recruited through a multistage sampling and completed a self-report questionnaire about the use of TM/CAM during pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TM/CAM was used by 83.7% of women during pregnancy. Diet/nutrition change was applied by 42.3%, herbal preparations by 49.2%, vitamin and mineral by 30.1%, body based practices by 24.7% and spiritual methods by 22.9% of mothers. Most frequently used herbal products were frankincense in 28.6% and date fruit in 26.4% of mothers. The most common indication of diet/nutrition changes and herbal products used related to mothers was gastro-intestinal disorders. Most of the TM/CAM methods used (64.32%) were happening or beginning from the first trimester of pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of TM/CAM methods in pregnancy is very common, mainly included the methods suggested by traditional Islamic Iranian medicine. Thus, clinicians should be informed to address CAM methods at each obstetric visit. Safety and efficacy of CAM must be explored and taught in every health education program. Future studies should focus on the safety and efficacy of TM/CAM in pregnancy and clinicians should be educated to address these methods at prenatal visits.
authors.affiliation: Women Health Research Center AND School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Khadivzadeh
authors.forename: Mahboobeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghabel
keywords: Complementary and alternative medicine; diet and nutrition; herbal preparations; obstetrics; pregnancy; spiritual therapy; traditional medicine; women