title: Antiangiogenic VEGF isoform in inflammatory myopathies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antiangiogenic isoform A-165b on human muscle in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and to compare distribution of angiogenic/antiangiogenic VEGFs, as isoforms shifts are described in other autoimmune disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed VEGF-A165b and VEGF-A by western blot and immunohistochemistry on skeletal muscle biopsies from 21 patients affected with IIM (polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and inclusion body myositis) and 6 control muscle samples. TGF- β, a prominent VEGF inductor, was analogously evaluated. Intergroup differences of western blot bands density were statistically examined. Endomysial vascularization, inflammatory score, and muscle regeneration, as pathological parameters of IIM, were quantitatively determined and their levels were confronted with VEGF expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEGF-A165b was significantly upregulated in IIM, as well as TGF- β. VEGF-A was diffusely expressed on unaffected myofibers, whereas regenerating/atrophic myofibres strongly reacted for both VEGF-A isoforms. Most inflammatory cells and endomysial vessels expressed both isoforms. VEGF-A165b levels were in positive correlation to inflammatory score, endomysial vascularization, and TGF- β.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate skeletal muscle expression of antiangiogenic VEGF-A165b and preferential upregulation in IIM, suggesting that modulation of VEGF-A isoforms may occur in myositides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. nila.volpi@unisi.it
authors.forename: Nila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Volpi
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pecorelli
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lorenzoni
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Lazzaro
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Belmonte
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aglianò
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cantarini
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giannini
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grasso
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valacchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003882:Dermatomyositis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009220:Myositis / Q000378:metabolism*; D018979:Myositis, Inclusion Body / Q000378:metabolism; D017285:Polymyositis / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A