title: Malondialdehyde and CA II autoantibody levels are elevated in children with undescended testes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the pathogenesis of sub-fertility/infertility and testicular cancer related to undescended testes, oxidative stress, inflammation and autoimmunity are important factors. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine serum oxidative stress markers and carbonic anhydrase (CA) II autoantibodies in boys with undescended testes (UDT), and to investigate the relationship between these parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum CA II autoantibody titers, malondialdehyde (MDA), ischemia modified albumin (IMA), protein carbonyl content and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) levels were measured in 59 boys with UDT and 30 healthy subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MDA levels were significantly higher in the UDT group compared with the control group (p = 0.003). There was no significant difference between serum IMA, sCD40L or protein carbonyl levels. CA II autoantibody titers in the UDT group were significantly higher compared with those of the control group (p = 0.048). A weak positive correlation was determined between anti-CA II antibody titers and MDA and IMA levels (p = 0.041, p = 0.005, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MDA is the most reliable and decisive biochemical marker displaying oxidative damage in undescended testes, and an autoimmune response may be triggered by oxidative stress against CA II during the UDT process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey, alver61@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alver
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: İmamoğlu
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Menteşe
authors.forename: Ayşe
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Şentürk
authors.forename: Serap Samut
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bülbül
authors.forename: Cemil
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kahraman
authors.forename: Ayşegül
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sümer
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000097:blood; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D012709:Serum Albumin; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II