title: Probabilistic sequence learning in mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) causes slight but noticeable disruption in cognitive systems, primarily executive and memory functions. However, it is not clear if the development of sequence learning is affected by an impaired cognitive system and, if so, how. The goal of our study was to investigate the development of probabilistic sequence learning, from the initial acquisition to consolidation, in MCI and healthy elderly control groups. We used the Alternating Serial Reaction Time task (ASRT) to measure probabilistic sequence learning. Individuals with MCI showed weaker learning performance than the healthy elderly group. However, using the reaction times only from the second half of each learning block-after the reactivation phase-we found intact learning in MCI. Based on the assumption that the first part of each learning block is related to reactivation/recall processes, we suggest that these processes are affected in MCI. The 24-h offline period showed no effect on sequence-specific learning in either group but did on general skill learning: the healthy elderly group showed offline improvement in general reaction times while individuals with MCI did not. Our findings deepen our understanding regarding the underlying mechanisms and time course of sequence acquisition and consolidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Dezso
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nemeth
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Janacsek
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Király
authors.forename: Zsuzsa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Londe
authors.forename: Kornél
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Németh
authors.forename: Kata
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fazekas
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Adám
authors.forename: Király
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elemérné
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Csányi
keywords: automaticity; consolidation; implicit learning; mild cognitive impairment; offline learning; skill learning; statistical learning