title: Association of parental communication deviance with offspring's psychiatric and thought disorders. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: Elevated number of parental Communication Deviance (CD) has been connected with psychiatric and thought disorders in their offspring. However, no earlier systematic efforts have been made to review this issue. The aim of this study was to survey the existing literature systematically and perform a meta-analysis of this association. A literature search for published and unpublished observational studies on the association of parental Communication Deviance with psychopathology in the offspring was conducted. Multiple electronic databases were searched (from 1960 to 2012) and the reference lists of the resulting publications were scanned. The findings were pooled using random effect meta-analysis. A total of 19 relevant papers were found and accessed. The results showed that a high level of parental CD is associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in the offspring. A large overall effect size (0.79) was found in the meta-analysis. No meta-analysis could be performed on the association of parental CD with an offspring's thought disorders, but the results suggest that such an association may exist. Parental Communication Deviance is associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in the offspring. High parental CD could be treated as an indicator of a risk of developing a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, at least among high-risk groups.
authors.affiliation: Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, PO Box 26, 90029 OYS, Finland. Electronic address: rroisko@paju.oulu.fi.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roisko
authors.affiliation: University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulun Yliopisto, Finland; Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: K-E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Wahlberg
authors.affiliation: University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulun Yliopisto, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miettunen
authors.affiliation: University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulun Yliopisto, Finland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tienari
mesh_terms: D003147:Communication Disorders / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology*; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D006801:Humans; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics
keywords: CD; Gene-environment interaction; Schizophrenia spectrum; Systemic model; Vulnerability-stress theory