title: No remarkable differences in rates of sensitization to common type I and IV allergens between FLG loss-of-function mutation carriers and wild-type subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) have been associated with reduced skin barrier function, possibly allowing increased penetration of irritants and allergens.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study whether FLG loss-of-function mutation carriers show different rates of sensitization to common type I and IV allergens among patients referred for occupational contact dermatitis of the hands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred and ninety-six Caucasian patients were genotyped for four FLG null mutations and patch tested with the European baseline series. In addition, 431 patients underwent prick testing with common type I allergens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 67 patients showed a heterozygous mutation in the FLG alleles R501X, R2447X, S3247X, and/or 2282del4. Sensitization rates for type I allergens from a European prick test series did not show significant differences between FLG loss-of-function mutation carriers and wild-type subjects. For type IV allergens, significantly more FLG loss-of-function carriers were found to be sensitized to lanolin and p-tert-butylphenol-formaldehyde resin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Probably a variety of immunological mechanisms other than that resulting from the filaggrin system have an impact on allergic sensitization to a greater degree. Larger cohorts may be necessary to increase the statistical power of the findings presented regarding type I and IV sensitization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, 49090, Osnabrück, Germany.
authors.forename: Lilla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Landeck
authors.forename: Maaike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Skudlik
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brans
authors.forename: Sanja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kezic
authors.forename: Swen Malte
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: John
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000485:Allergens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006225:Hand; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D012882:Skin Tests; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; C000717249:FLG protein, human; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D005819:Genetic Markers; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins
keywords: allergens; contact dermatitis; filaggrin gene; loss-of-function mutations; patch test; prick test