title: Paenibacillus endophyticus sp. nov., isolated from nodules of Cicer arietinum.
abstract: A bacterial strain, designated PECAE04(T), was isolated from root nodules of Cicer arietinum in Spain. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the isolate into the genus Paenibacillus with its closest relative being Paenibacillus castaneae Ch-32(T) with 98.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity followed by Paenibacillus glycanilyticus DS-1(T), Paenibacillus prosopidis PW21(T), Paenibacillus xinjiangensis B538(T) and Paenibacillus catalpae D75(T) with similarities ranging from 97.9 to 96.8 %. DNA-DNA hybridization measurements showed values lower than 20 % between the strain PECAE04(T) and any of these species. The isolate was a Gram-stain-positive, motile, sporulating rod. Catalase and oxidase activities were positive. Aesculin was hydrolysed but casein and gelatin were not. Acetoin production, H2S production, nitrate reduction and urease and caseinase production were negative. Growth was supported by many carbohydrates and organic acids as carbon sources. MK-7 was the predominant menaquinone and anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0 were the major fatty acids. Major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, a glycolipid, three phospholipids and an unidentified lipid. Meso-diaminopimelic acid was not detected in the peptidoglycan. The DNA G+C content was 52.9 mol%. Phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses showed that strain PECAE04(T) should be considered to be a representative of a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus endophyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PECAE04(T) ( = LMG 27297(T) = CECT 8234(T)).
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: José David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Flores-Félix
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cerda-Castillo
authors.affiliation: Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Universidad de Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC, Spain.|Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Martha-Helena
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Bahena
authors.affiliation: Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Universidad de Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC, Spain.|Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Igual
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tejedor
authors.affiliation: Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Universidad de Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC, Spain.|Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Encarna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Velázquez
authors.affiliation: Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Universidad de Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC, Spain.|Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peix
mesh_terms: D001482:Base Composition; D029863:Cicer / Q000382:microbiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D056507:Paenibacillus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000737:chemistry; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D053204:Root Nodules, Plant / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013030:Spain; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D010743:Phospholipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C062629:menaquinone 7