title: Perceptual characteristics of nutritional supplements determine the expected effectiveness in boosting strength, endurance, and concentration performances.
abstract: The aim of this work was to examine the link between the physical-perceptual characteristics of nutritional supplements and their expected effectiveness in enhancing sport performance. Participants (n = 267) ranked nine images of fictive nutritional supplements, varying in shape, color, and route of administration (e.g., pill, powder, lotion, etc.), in ranked- order of expected effectiveness. They performed the task three times, (1) for strength, (2) endurance, and (3) for concentration. Results have revealed that the perceived effectiveness of the supplements was statistically significantly different for the three types of performances (p < .001). A significant interpersonal variability was observed in the ranking-order of the supplements. The findings reveal that perceptual characteristics of 'believed to be nutritional supplements', aimed at sport performance enhancement, influence their perceived effectiveness. Future inquiries in sport nutrition should examine the relationship between expected and experienced effectiveness of various nutritional supplements in enhancing sport performance.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szabo
authors.forename: Márk
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bérdi
authors.forename: Ferenc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Köteles
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bárdos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010807:Physical Endurance; D013177:Sports; D064133:Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D055815:Young Adult