title: Prevalence and patterns of psychiatric disorders in referred adolescents with Internet addiction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate prevalence and patterns of psychiatric disorders in young subjects with Internet addiction (IA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were taken from a sample of patients, aged 10-18 years old, referred to Istanbul Medical Faculty, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department due to a variety of behavioral and emotional problems alongside problematic Internet use. Inclusion criteria included IQ ≥70 and score ≥80 on Young's Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS). Psychiatric comorbidity was assessed using the Turkish version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects were 45 boys (75%) and 15 girls (25%) with an age range of 10-18 years old (mean age, 13.38 ± 1.79 years). A total of 60% (n = 36) had been using Internet for ≥5 years. Mean hours/week spent on the Internet was 53.7 (range, 30-105 h) and the average YIAS score was 85. All subjects (100%) had at least one and 88.3% (n = 53) had at least two comorbid psychiatric disorders. The frequency of diagnostic groups were as follows: behavioral disorder, n = 52 (86.7%); anxiety disorder, n = 43 (71.7%); mood disorder, n = 23 (38.3%); elimination disorder, n = 16 (26.7%); tic disorder, n = 10 (16.7%); and substance use disorder, n = 4 (6.7%). The most common psychiatric disorders were attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (n = 53; 83.3%), social phobia (n = 21; 35.0%) and major depressive disorder (n = 18; 30.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High rates of psychiatric comorbidity, particularly behavioral, anxiety and mood disorders were found in young subjects with IA. Because the presence of psychiatric disorders may affect the management /prognosis of IA, assessment should include that for other psychiatric disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. drhasan33@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coskun
authors.forename: Hamza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ayaydin
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Adak
authors.forename: S Salih
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Zoroglu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013981:Tic Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Internet; addiction; adolescents; comorbidity; psychiatric disorders