title: Effect of silanized nanosilica addition on remineralizing and mechanical properties of experimental composite materials with amorphous calcium phosphate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Experimental composite resins with amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) have the potential to regenerate demineralized tooth structures. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the addition of silanized silica nanofillers to the ACP-based composites on their mechanical properties and the kinetics of calcium and phosphate release.
  
  
  METHODS
  The test materials comprised 5 wt% (5-ACP) or 10 wt% (10-ACP) of silanized silica admixed to the 40 wt% ACP and 50 or 55 wt% resin. The ACP control (0-ACP) contained 40 wt% ACP and 60 wt% resin. Additionally, composite material CeramX (Dentsply, Germany) was included as control. Three-point bending test was performed to calculate flexural strength and modulus of elasticity. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy was used for measurement of ion release. The micromorphology of calcium phosphate depositions on composite samples has been qualitatively evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. The results were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon rank sum tests (α < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ion release was enhanced by the silica fillers, when compared to the 0-ACP. Although not statistically significant, flexural strength of 10-ACP was improved by 46 % compared to 0-ACP. Flexural modulus of 5-ACP was significantly higher than 0-ACP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The admixture of silanized fillers seems to be a promising approach for the improvement of mechanical and remineralizing properties of ACP composite resins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ACP-based composite resins with modified composition could serve as an effective remineralizing aid as base materials in restorative dental medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia, marovic@sfzg.hr.
authors.forename: Danijela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marovic
authors.forename: Zrinka
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tarle
authors.forename: Karl Anton
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hiller
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ristic
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosentritt
authors.forename: Drago
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Skrtic
authors.forename: Gottfried
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmalz
mesh_terms: D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C020243:calcium phosphate