title: The flood pulse as the underlying driver of vegetation in the largest wetland and fishery of the Mekong Basin.
abstract: The Tonle Sap is the largest wetland in Southeast Asia and one of the world's most productive inland fisheries. The Mekong River inundates the Tonle Sap every year, shaping a mosaic of natural and agricultural habitats. Ongoing hydropower development, however, will dampen the flood pulse that maintains the Tonle Sap. This study established the current underlying relationship among hydrology, vegetation, and human use. We found that vegetation is strongly influenced by flood duration; however, this relationship was heavily distorted by fire, grazing, and rice cultivation. The expected flood pulse alteration will result in higher water levels during the dry season, permanently inundating existing forests. The reduction of the maximum flood extent will facilitate agricultural expansion into natural habitats. This study is the most comprehensive field survey of the Tonle Sap to date, and it provides fundamental knowledge needed to understand the underlying processes that maintain this important wetland.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Mauricio E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Cochrane
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Killeen
authors.forename: Puthea
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khon
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D005398:Fisheries; D055868:Floods; D006801:Humans; D008541:Mekong Valley; D053833:Wetlands