title: [Implications in primary health care of medical genetics and genomic in type 2 diabetes mellitus].
abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex disease and a global health problem. Therefore, the first level of health care should handle the approaches of medical genetics and genomics to reduce its incidence. The aim is to present perspectives analyzed by our group in two areas of genetics and its clinical application. Emphasis is placed on the coexistence of several genetic forms clinically detectable in patients with diabetes, missing heritability associated with low penetrance, and epigenomics mechanism. It is discussed the effect of genetic variation associated with resistance to insulin, beta-cell dysfunction, shaft incretin, and other points of interest, such as thrifty genotype hypothesis, conformational disease, genetically unknown foods, phenocopies as clinically silent hypercortisolism, molecular phytopharmacology in the clinical management. Finally, the result was displayed in the Mexican population from genetic studies and new findings of clinical importance, such as involvement of melatonin and effect of variations in the number of copies in a genomic region.
authors.affiliation: Universidad de la Sierra Sur, Sociedad de Gerontogeriatría de Jalisco A. C., Guadalajara, Sistema de Universidades Estatales de Oaxaca (SUNEO), Oaxaca, México. Grupo Multidisciplinario para el Estudio Integral de las Enfermedades Metabólicas en Población Mexicana. sergio7genetica@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Sergio Alberto
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Garcia
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Cabrera-Pivaral
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huacuja-Ruiz
authors.forename: Luis Javier
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Flores-Alvarado
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pérez-García
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: González-Rico
authors.forename: Alma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Velázquez
authors.forename: Luz Rosalba
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Topete-González
authors.forename: Roberto Carlos
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Rosales-Góme
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Candelario-Mejía
authors.forename: Nemesio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Villa-Ruano
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005826:Genetics, Medical; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D011320:Primary Health Care
keywords: beta-cell dysfunction; conformational pathology; diabetes mellitus; incretins; insulin resistance