title: Development of Monoclonal Antibodies That Target 1-Cys Peroxiredoxin and Differentiate Plasmodium falciparum from P. vivax and P. knowlesi.
abstract: Prompt and accurate diagnosis of malarial patients is a crucial factor in controlling the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Effective treatment decisions require a correct diagnosis among mixed-species malarial patients. Differential diagnosis is particularly important in cases of Plasmodium vivax, a species that shares endemicity with P. falciparum in most endemic areas. Moreover, it is difficult to identify P. knowlesi on the basis of morphology alone, and rapid diagnostic tests are still not available for this malaria species. Therefore, the development of diagnostic tests applicable to the field is urgently needed. 1-Cys peroxiredoxin (1-Cys-Prx) in P. falciparum is abundantly expressed in the mature asexual stages, making it a promising candidate as a diagnostic antigen. In this study, we produced five monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against P. falciparum 1-Cys-Prx (Pf1-Cys-Prx) by immunizing BALB/c mice with recombinant Pf1-Cys-Prx and subsequent hybridoma production. Cross reactivity of established mAbs with the orthologous molecule of Pf1-Cys-Prx in P. vivax (Pv1-Cys-Prx) and P. knowlesi (Pk1-Cys-Prx) was examined. Western blot analyses showed that three mAbs reacted with Pv1-Cys-Prx and Pk1-Cys-Prx but two mAbs did not. These results indicate that the two mAbs were effective in differentiating P. falciparum from P. vivax and P. knowlesi and could be used in differential diagnosis as well as comparative molecular studies of human Plasmodium species.
authors.affiliation: National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan ; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hakimi
authors.forename: Thu-Thuy
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suganuma
authors.forename: Hirono
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuda-Suganuma
authors.forename: Jose Ma M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Angeles
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Shin-Ichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawazu
keywords: P. vivax; Plasmodium knowlesi; malaria diagnosis; monoclonal antibody; peroxiredoxin