title: Serum antimüllerian hormone in response to dietary management and/or physical exercise in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether randomized diet and/or physical exercise influence serum levels of antimüllerian hormone (AMH) in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, 4-month trial with three interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women's health clinical research unit at a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-seven overweight/obese women with PCOS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diet, physical exercise, or both, using programs individually adapted and supervised by a dietician and/or a physiotherapist.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum AMH levels before and after the interventions and correlations to reproductive function, body composition, and endocrine and metabolic variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After intervention, serum levels of AMH were significantly decreased only in the diet group, and the levels were significantly lower than in the exercise group. The strongest predictor of decreased AMH was a decrease in free T, whereas weight loss had no significant influence. Normalized levels of AMH were associated with improvements in menstrual cyclicity and hyperandrogenism but not in metabolic variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This randomized study supports that diet reduces serum AMH in association with decreased androgen levels in obese women with PCOS. Increased serum AMH may be used as a marker of ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism but not as a marker of insulin resistance.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISRCTN48342048.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Åsa
authors.initials: Å
authors.lastname: Nybacka
authors.forename: Kjell
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Carlström
authors.forename: Fredrika
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fabri
authors.forename: Per Martin
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Hellström
authors.forename: Angelica Lindén
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hirschberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010060:Ovulation; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013548:Sweden; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013739:Testosterone; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone
keywords: AMH; PCOS; diet; exercise; obesity