title: Effects of phytate and minerals on the bioavailability of oxalate from food.
abstract: Phytate and mineral cations are both considered as important dietary factors for inhibiting the crystallisation of calcium oxalate kidney stones in susceptible individuals. In this paper, the phytate and mineral composition of whole bran cereals (wheat, barley and oat) and legumes were determined together with their soluble and insoluble oxalate concentrations in order to investigate the effects on oxalate solubility. The oat bran sample had the highest soluble oxalate concentration at 79±1.3 mg/100 g, while total and soluble oxalate concentrations in the food samples studied range from 33 to 199 mg/100 g and 14 to 79 mg/100 g, respectively. The phytate concentration was in the range from 227 to 4393 mg/100 g and the concentrations of cations were in the range 54-70 mg/100 g for calcium, 75-398 mg/100 g for magnesium, 244-1529 mg/100 g for potassium and 4-11 mg/100 g for iron. Soluble oxalate concentration did not increase in proportion to total oxalate, and the phytate concentration in all foods was sufficient to contribute to an increase in soluble oxalate concentration by binding calcium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading RG6 6AP, UK. b.israr@pgr.reading.ac.uk
authors.forename: Beenish
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Israr
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Frazier
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D018554:Avena / Q000737:chemistry*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry*; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis*; D010070:Oxalates / Q000032:analysis*; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals; D010070:Oxalates; D010833:Phytic Acid
keywords: Bioavailability; Calcium; Minerals; Oxalate and phytate