title: Enhanced tumor accumulation of sub-2 nm gold nanoclusters for cancer radiation therapy.
abstract: A new type of metabolizable and efficient radiosensitizers for cancer radiotherapy is presented by combining ultrasmall Au nanoclusters (NCs, <2 nm) with biocompatible coating ligands (glutathione, GSH). The new nanoconstruct (GSH-coated Au25 NCs) inherits attractive features of both the Au core (strong radiosensitizing effect) and GSH shell (good biocompatibility). It can preferentially accumulate in tumor via the improved EPR effect, which leads to strong enhancement for cancer radiotherapy. After the treatment, the small-sized GSH-Au25 NCs can be efficiently cleared by the kidney, minimizing any potential side effects due to the accumulation of Au25 NCs in the body.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhentao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Sha-Sha
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Yuan-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Pei-Xun
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Shuaidong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.forename: Saijun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Feiyue
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Xing-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000737:chemistry; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005720:Gamma Rays; D005978:Glutathione / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006207:Half-Life; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D010316:Particle Size; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002232:Carbocyanines; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; C085321:cyanine dye 5; D006046:Gold; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: gold nanoclusters; in vivo treatment; radiation therapy; radiosensitizers; renal clearance