title: Nanovesicle-based bioelectronic nose for the diagnosis of lung cancer from human blood.
abstract: A human nose-mimetic diagnosis system that can distinguish the odor of a lung cancer biomarker, heptanal, from human blood is presented. Selective recognition of the biomarker is mimicked in the human olfactory system. A specific olfactory receptor recognizing the chemical biomarker is first selected through screening a library of human olfactory receptors (hORs). The selected hOR is expressed on the membrane of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells. Nanovesicles containing the hOR on the membrane are produced from these cells, and are then used for the functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes. This strategy allows the development of a sensitive and selective nanovesicle-based bioelectronic nose (NvBN). The NvBN is able to selectively detect heptanal at a concentration as low as 1 × 10(-14) m, a sufficient level to distinguish the blood of a lung cancer patient from the blood of a healthy person. In actual experiments, NvBN could detect an extremely small increase in the amount of heptanal from human blood plasma without any pretreatment processes. This result offers a rapid and easy method to analyze chemical biomarkers from human blood in real-time and to diagnose lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Juhun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eun Hae
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Hwi Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Seunghun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Tai Hyun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D062609:Electronic Nose; D004867:Equipment Design; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis; D018035:Receptors, Odorant / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D015415:Biomarkers; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D018035:Receptors, Odorant; C046204:heptanal
keywords: bioelectronic nose; diagnosis; heptanal; lung cancer; nanovesicles