title: Low-voltage switching of crease patterns on hydrogel surfaces.
abstract: We report electrically driven creasing of polyelectrolye hydrogel surfaces with low switching voltages (2-4 V). Deep creases (up to 70% of the swelled film thickness) can be reversibly formed and eliminated on time-scales of a few seconds, with control of crease locations by micro-patterning of underlying electrodes.
authors.affiliation: Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 01003 MA, USA.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ryan C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hayward
keywords: electromechanical deformation; hydrogel; surface instability