title: Elevated antigen-specific Th2 type response is associated with the poor prognosis of hand, foot and mouth disease.
abstract: The immunopathogenesis of severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) remains elusive. This study revealed that enterovirus 71 (EV71) epitope-specific CD4+ T cell responses of HFMD patients were skewed toward a Th2 cytokine profile. Patients that demonstrated higher levels of IL-4 expression in their CD4 T cells following antigen stimulation in vitro tended to have a more prolonged period of high fevers and a longer duration of illness. Thus, an increase of EV71 epitope-specific Th2 type response may portend the poor prognosis for some HFMD patients.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 225 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Ruicheng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Juhao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chunhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chaoyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Zhaomin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Anne S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: De Groot
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Altmeyer
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Qibin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Leng
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007223:Infant; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015847:Interleukin-4
keywords: Antigen-specific CD4+ T cells; EV71; HFMD; Prognosis; Th2