title: A Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode material for use in hybrid lithium ion batteries.
abstract: A NASICON-structure Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode material prepared by carbothermal reduction method is employed in a hybrid-ion battery with Li-involved electrolyte and anode. The ion-transportation mechanism is firstly investigated in this complicated system for an open three-dimensional framework Na3V2(PO4)3. Ion-exchange is greatly influenced by the standing time, for example, the 1 hour battery presents a specific capacity of 128 mA h g(-1) while the 24 hour battery exhibits a value of 148 mA h g(-1) with improved rate and cycling performances over existing literature reported Li-ion batteries. In the hybrid-ion system, an ion-exchange process likely takes place between the two Na(2) sites in the rhombohedral structure. NaLi2V2(PO4)3 could be produced by ion-transportation since the Na(+) in the Na(1) site is stationary and the three Na(2) sites could be used to accommodate the incoming alkali ions; Li(x)Na(y)V2(PO4)3 would come out when the vacant site in Na(2) was occupied depending on the applied voltage range. The reported methodology and power characteristics are greater than those previously reported.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Resources Chemistry of Nonferrous Metals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
authors.forename: Weixin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Chengchi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Yirong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Qiyuan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Craig E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Banks