title: Bacterial interference with canonical NFκB signalling.
abstract: The human body is constantly challenged by a variety of commensal and pathogenic micro-organisms that trigger the immune system. Central in the first line of defence is the pattern-recognition receptor (PRR)-induced stimulation of the NFκB pathway, leading to NFκB activation. The subsequent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and/or antimicrobial peptides results in recruitment of professional phagocytes and bacterial clearance. To overcome this, bacteria have developed mechanisms for targeted interference in every single step in the PRR-NFκB pathway to dampen host inflammatory responses. This review aims to briefly overview the PRR-NFκB pathway in relation to the immune response and give examples of the diverse bacterial evasion mechanisms including changes in the bacterial surface, decoy production and injection of effector molecules. Targeted regulation of inflammatory responses is needed and bacterial molecules developed for immune evasion could provide future anti-inflammatory agents.
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johannessen
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Askarian
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sangvik
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Johanna E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sollid
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic