title: Olive oil has a beneficial effect on impaired glucose regulation and other cardiometabolic risk factors. Di@bet.es study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the marked increase in cardiovascular risk factors in Spain in recent years, the prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular diseases have not risen as expected. Our objective is to examine the association between consumption of olive oil and the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors in the context of a large study representative of the Spanish population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based, cross-sectional, cluster sampling study was conducted. The target population was the whole Spanish population. A total of 4572 individuals aged ≥ 18 years in 100 clusters (health centers) were randomly selected with a probability proportional to population size. The main outcome measures were clinical and demographic structured survey, lifestyle survey, physical examination (weight, height, body mass index, waist, hip and blood pressure) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (75 g).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Around 90% of the Spanish population use olive oil, at least for dressing, and slightly fewer for cooking or frying. The preference for olive oil is related to age, educational level, alcohol intake, body mass index and serum glucose, insulin and lipids. People who consume olive oil (vs sunflower oil) had a lower risk of obesity (odds ratio (OR)=0.62 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.41-0.93, P=0.02)), impaired glucose regulation (OR=0.49 (95% CI=0.28-0.86, P=0.04)), hypertriglyceridemia (OR=0.53 (95% CI=0.33-0.84, P=0.03)) and low HDL cholesterol levels (OR=0.40 (95% CI=0.26-0.59, P=0.0001)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that consumption of olive oil has a beneficial effect on different cardiovascular risk factors, particularly in the presence of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance or a sedentary lifestyle.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soriguer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rojo-Martínez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goday
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bosch-Comas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bordiú
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caballero-Díaz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calle-Pascual
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carmena
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casamitjana
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castaño
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catalá
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Franch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaztambide
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Girbés
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gomis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Alba
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teresa Martínez-Larrad
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Menéndez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mora-Peces
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pascual-Manich
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serrano-Rios
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Urrutia
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valdés
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Antonio Vázquez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vendrell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D016017:Odds Ratio; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D014280:Triglycerides