title: Covalent albumin microparticles as an adjuvant for production of mucosal vaccines against hepatitis B.
abstract: Covalently modified albumin (BSA) microparticles were developed for potential use as an adjuvant in mucosal vaccines against hepatitis B. To synthesize consistent protein particles, a covalent approach was proposed to modify BSA. Our strategy was to bond maleic anhydride (MA) molecules to BSA structure by nucleophilic reaction for further radical cross-linking/polymerization reaction with N',N'-dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm). The presence of poly(N',N'-dimethylacrylamide) in the protein network enables the microparticles to show well-defined, homogeneous forms. Cytotoxicity tests showed that the cytotoxic concentration for 50% of VERO cells (CC50) was 216.25 ± 5.30 μg mL(-1) in 72 h of incubation. The obtained CC50 value is relatively low for an incubation time of 72 h, suggesting an acceptable biocompatibility. Assay of total protein showed that the encapsulation efficiency of the microparticles with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 77.7 ± 0.2%. For the reference sample, which was incubated without HBsAg, the quantity of protein was below the limit of detection.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Materiais Poliméricos e Compósitos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 CEP 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielly L A
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Sitta
authors.forename: Marcos R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Guilherme
authors.forename: Francielle P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Thelma S P
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Cellet
authors.forename: Celso V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Edvani C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Muniz
authors.forename: Adley F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Rubira
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry; D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004655:Emulsions; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008299:Maleic Anhydrides / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry*; D014709:Vero Cells; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000633:toxicity; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000577:Amides; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004655:Emulsions; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D008299:Maleic Anhydrides; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; C569817:N,N-dimethylacetoacetamide