title: Serum S100B protein could help to detect cerebral complications associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate if serum S100B protein levels could early detect cerebral complications under treatment extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum S100B levels were measured over 5 days in 32 patients with cardiogenic and septic shock, including 15 patients who treated by ECMO and 17 who did not. Cerebral complications included hemorrhage, stroke, encephalopathy with myoclonus, and brain death. Delirium was identified by the positive Confusion Assessment Method in the ICU.
  
  
  RESULTS
  S100B levels were elevated in 24/32 patients (75 %) at ICU admission. Five patients developed cerebral complications (2 hemorrhages with 1 brain death, 1 encephalopathy with myoclonus in the ECMO group and 2 strokes in the non-ECMO group). At day 5, S100B levels were higher in the 5 patients with cerebral complications than in the 27 without cerebral complications, regardless of ECMO (0.426 [0.421, 0.652] vs. 0.102 [0.085, 0.135] μg/L, p = 0.011). S100B levels were also more elevated in 3 patients with than in 12 without cerebral complications associated with ECMO (0.799 [0.325, 0.965] vs. 0.102 [0.09, 0.607] μg/L, p = 0.033). S100B levels were not associated with delirium after sedation withdrawal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measurement serum S100B could be useful to detect cerebral complications in deeply sedated patients associated with ECMO but not for monitoring delirium after sedation withdrawal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care, University Hospital of Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium, ducnam.nguyen@uzbrussel.be.
authors.forename: Duc Nam
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huyghens
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wellens
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schiettecatte
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smitz
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vincent
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000368:Aged; D001926:Brain Death / Q000175:diagnosis; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D003693:Delirium / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit / Q000097:blood*; D012770:Shock, Cardiogenic / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; C579160:S100B protein, human