title: Menthol cigarette and marijuana use among adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Menthol cigarette and marijuana use among adolescents is high; however, little is known about dual use in this age. Thus, we examined these rates among 2 samples of adolescents in Connecticut.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study 1 examined a school-wide survey assessing variables related to cigarettes and marijuana among high school students (N = 837 [13% smokers]), and Study 2 examined these factors using baseline data of high school-aged, treatment-seeking, daily cigarette smokers prior to quitting (N = 132).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Study 1, lifetime marijuana use among all adolescents was 33% and past 30-day marijuana use was 21%. Among cigarette smokers, 55% reported smoking menthol cigarettes, 84% reported lifetime marijuana use, and 66% reported past 30-day marijuana use. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models indicated that cigarette smokers, when compared with nonsmokers, had greater rates of lifetime (odds ratio [OR] = 10.91) and past 30-day marijuana use (OR = 10.44). Among smokers, use of menthol cigarettes, when compared with use of nonmenthol cigarettes, was associated with greater lifetime (OR = 5.05) but not past 30-day marijuana use. In Study 2 with daily smokers, 59% of adolescents reported use of menthol cigarettes and 66% reported past 30-day marijuana use. Compared with nonmenthol cigarette smokers, menthol cigarette smokers were more likely to report past 30-day marijuana use (OR = 2.44).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cigarette smoking is associated with marijuana use, and among smokers, menthol cigarette smoking further increased the odds of marijuana use. More research on the dual use of marijuana and tobacco is needed to inform prevention and treatment of substance use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Nisha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Deepa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Camenga
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.forename: Suchitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnan-Sarin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002188:Cannabis; D003237:Connecticut / Q000453:epidemiology; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008610:Menthol; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D008610:Menthol