title: Carbonic anhydrase immobilized on hollow fiber membranes using glutaraldehyde activated chitosan for artificial lung applications.
abstract: Extracorporeal CO2 removal from circulating blood is a promising therapeutic modality for the treatment of acute respiratory failure. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase accelerates CO2 removal within gas exchange devices by locally catalyzing HCO3 (-) into gaseous CO2 within the blood. In this work, we covalently immobilized carbonic anhydrase on the surface of polypropylene hollow fiber membranes using glutaraldehyde activated chitosan tethering to amplify the density of reactive amine functional groups for enzyme immobilization. XPS and a colorimetric amine assay confirmed higher amine densities on the chitosan coated fiber compared to control fiber. Chitosan/CA coated fibers exhibited accelerated CO2 removal in scaled-down gas exchange devices in buffer and blood (115% enhancement vs. control, 37% enhancement vs. control, respectively). Carbonic anhydrase immobilized directly on hollow fiber membranes without chitosan tethering resulted in no enhancement in CO2 removal. Additionally, fibers coated with chitosan/carbonic anhydrase demonstrated reduced platelet adhesion when exposed to blood compared to control and heparin coated fibers.
authors.affiliation: McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3025 East Carson Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kimmel
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Arazawa
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shankarraman
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Federspiel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism*; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry*; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D048271:Chitosan; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases; D005976:Glutaral