title: Allergy to betalactams and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) gene polymorphisms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphisms of interleukin genes related to IgE production and inflammation are predictors of hypersensitivity to betalactam, but nothing is known on the influence of NOD genes, despite their association with inflammation and atopy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association of NOD2 and NOD1 polymorphisms with betalactam allergy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We genotyped 3 polymorphisms of NOD2 and 1 of NOD1 in 368 Italian and 387 Spanish patients, compared with 368 and 326 controls, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CT/TT genotypes of rs2066845 of NOD2 predicted a lower risk in Italy (P = 0.003), while WT/insC genotype of rs5743293 (also in leucine-rich repeat domain) predicted a higher risk in Spain (P = 0.007). G allele of rs2066845 was associated with a higher level of IgE in the Italian population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mirrored influence of these NOD2 polymorphisms on betalactam allergy in two populations suggests a link with pathways of inflammation and/or atopy through mechanisms, which need to be clarified.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U954 N-GERE (Nutrition-Génétique-Exposition aux risques environnementaux), Faculté de Médecine et Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bursztejn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Guéant-Rodriguez
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cornejo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oussalah
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chery
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gastin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaeta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barbaud
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blanca
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guéant
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; C119067:NOD1 protein, human; C429018:NOD2 protein, human; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D047090:beta-Lactams; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: IgE; NOD gene; betalactam allergy; polymorphism