title: Polyhydrated ionogen with MgBr2 accelerates in vitro respiratory epithelial healing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Remucoslization of the sinonasal cavity after sinus surgery is critical for successful outcomes. Recently, a novel antiprotease and antifibroblast compound, polyhydrated ionogen (PHI) with MgBr2, showed improved wound healing in a rabbit maxillary sinus mucosal wound model. We set out to determine if this effect was reproducible in an in vitro respiratory epithelial culture system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fully differentiated mature murine nasal septal air-liquid interface cultures were injured by creating a full-thickness 400-mM-wide scratch through the monolayer. Cultures were then treated with nothing, saline, or PHI with MgBr2 for 1 hour on the apical surface. Twenty-four hours after the injury cultures were fixed and processed for immunofluorescence with type IV beta-tubulin and Hoechst stain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial injury resulted in a wound of 394 micromolar (377-411 micromoler; 95% CI; n = 8). After 24 hours with no intervention the wound closed to 161 micromolar (138-184 micromolar; 95% CI; n = 9) and treatment with saline resulted in a residual gap of 88 micromolar (60-116 micromolar; 95% CI; n = 9; p < 0.05) and treatment with PHI with MgBr2 resulted in a gap of only 30 micromolar (14-46 micromolar; 95% CI; n = 9; p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor healing of the sinonasal mucosa after surgery with loss of ciliary function results in adverse clinical outcomes. In an in vitro sinonasal respiratory epithelial injury model, a one-time treatment with PHI with MgBr2 showed significantly improved wound healing compared with saline or nothing. This is a viable model to further investigate the mechanism by which PHI with MgBr2 improves sinonasal remucosolization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: DePoortere
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Noam A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001965:Bromides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002951:Citrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011817:Rabbits; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000601:surgery; D012413:Rubidium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000601:surgery; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001965:Bromides; D002951:Citrates; C523779:PHI-5 formulation; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc; D012413:Rubidium