title: Effects of amifostine on endometriosis, comparison with N-acetyl cysteine, and leuprolide as a new treatment alternative: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of amifostine, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), and leuprolide as a scavenger in a rat endometriosis model.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective randomized animal study. Setting The Animal Laboratory of Medical University. Animals 40 rats were used for transplantation of an autologous fragment of endometrial tissue onto the inner surface of the abdominal wall. After allowing 3 weeks for growth, laparotomies were performed to check the implants. Then animals were randomized into four groups: Group I amifostine (200 mg/day loading dose after 20 mg/kg/day, p.o.); Group II NAC (200 mg/day, p.o.); Group III leuprolide acetate 1 mg/kg single dose, sc; and Group IV (controls) no medication. Three weeks later, implants were evaluated morphologically. Serum and peritoneal TNF-alpha levels were evaluated. The transmission electron microscopic examination of the peritoneal samples and ovaries was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leuprolide acetate, amifostine and NAC caused significant decreases in the mean implant areas and significant decreases in serum and peritoneal TNF-alpha levels. On comparing all groups, these reductions were higher in Group II. According to the transmission electron microscopic findings, leuprolide seems to be protecting normal structure of peritoneum best when compared to the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amifostine, NAC and leuprolide caused regression of endometriosis in this experimental rat model by a yet unsettled mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Kubilay Sokak No: 36, Maltepe, 06570, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gogsen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Onalan
authors.forename: Cagri
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gulumser
authors.forename: Barıs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mulayim
authors.forename: Atilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dagdeviren
authors.forename: Hulusi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeyneloglu
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall; D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004999:Amifostine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010532:Peritoneal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000187:drug effects*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016729:Leuprolide; D004999:Amifostine; D000111:Acetylcysteine