title: Integration of thermal and osmotic regulation of water homeostasis: the role of TRPV channels.
abstract: Maintenance of body water homeostasis is critical for preventing hyperthermia, because evaporative cooling is the most efficient means of dissipating excess body heat. Water homeostasis is achieved by regulation of water intake and water loss by the kidneys. The former is achieved by sensations of thirst that motivate water acquisition, whereas the latter is regulated by the antidiuretic action of vasopressin. Vasopressin secretion and thirst are stimulated by increases in the osmolality of the extracellular fluid as well as decreases in blood pressure and/or blood volume, signals that are precipitated by water depletion associated with the excess evaporative water loss required to prevent hyperthermia. In addition, they are stimulated by increases in body temperature. The sites and molecular mechanisms involved in integrating thermal and osmotic regulation of thirst and vasopressin secretion are reviewed here with a focus on the role of the thermal and mechanosensitive transient receptor potential-vanilloid (TRPV) family of ion channels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and.
authors.forename: Celia D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Sladek
authors.forename: Alan Kim
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001363:Awards and Prizes; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004231:Diuresis; D004326:Drinking; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000378:metabolism; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D013697:Thermosensing; D013894:Thirst; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000378:metabolism; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; D014667:Vasopressins
keywords: TRPV; hypothalamus; thirst; vasopressin