title: Phytotoxicity and oxidative stress effect of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid on rice seedlings.
abstract: The effects of the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([OMIM]Cl) was studied in hydroponically grown rice seedlings. Observed effects included increased root length and weight at concentrations of 0.1 mg/L [OMIM]Cl, however, as concentrations increased a reversed response was observed where roots and stems grew shorter and the weight decreased. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50,5d) values for root length and stem length were 0.59 mg/L and 0.70 mg/L, respectively. The Hill reaction activity and root system activity in [OMIM]Cl-treated rice seedlings were observed to be lower than the controls, however, root membrane permeability increased. The antioxidant enzyme activity in roots decreased, while in leaves there was an initial stimulation followed by a decrease. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was found to be greater in seedlings subjected to [OMIM]Cl treatment. The cellular structures, such as chloroplasts, mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum in rice root and leaf cells were affected at concentrations of 0.6 mg/L [OMIM]Cl.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Jiaogong Road 198, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310012, China. lhj@mail.zjgsu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Huijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shuxian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaona
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Caidong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001881:Borates / Q000633:toxicity*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000633:toxicity*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: C528768:1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium; D001881:Borates; D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008315:Malondialdehyde
keywords: Hill reaction activity; Oxidative stress; Root system; Ultrastructural morphology; [OMIM]Cl