title: Is it mandatory to carry out completion arteriography after carotid endarterectomy with patch angioplasty?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study compares the neurologic evolution and number of restenoses between 2 groups of patients who underwent internal carotid endarterectomy with patch angioplasty (CEP): one group with systematic intraoperative completion arteriography (CA) and another group without.
  
  
  METHODS
  This monocentric retrospective study was performed from January 2000 to December 2008 on 559 consecutive CEPs; 179 were controlled with CA and 380 were not. Surgery was chosen for patients with greater than 50% symptomatic or greater than 60% asymptomatic stenosis (North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial criteria). Each patient's neurologic and ultrasound status was followed-up postoperatively, and at 3 months in the presence of neurologic symptoms, and at the end of the follow-up. Residual stenosis and restenosis were defined by a reduction in diameter of greater than 50% or a maximal systolic velocity greater than 150 cm/s. The surgical team included 4 vascular surgeons: 2 experienced surgeons who did not perform CA, 1 experienced surgeon monitoring surgical trainees, and 1 who had little experience performing CA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both groups, the patients were comparable in terms of cardiovascular risks, except for age, gender, statin treatment, and neoplastic medical history. During the first 30 postoperative days, the mean rate of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and death was 0.4%. In the CA group, 1 incidence (0.6%) of partial monocular blindness occurred, and in the no-CA group, 1 incidence (0.2%) of hemorrhagic CVA and 3 (0.5%) transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) occurred. One of these TIAs resulted from a residual stenosis. Mean follow-up was 41 months. During this time, 6 ipsilateral neurologic accidents occurred in the CA group (1 ischemic CVA, 3 TIAs, 1 partial monocular blindness, and 1 hemorrhagic CVA), whereas 10 occurred in the no CA group (1 ischemic CVA, 4 TIAs, 3 hemorrhagic CVAs, 1 partial monocular blindness, and 1 recurrence of vertebrobasilar insufficiency). The combined morbidity and mortality rates in the 2 groups were 3.3% and 2.8%, respectively (P > 0.05). Two residual stenoses (0.5%) and 6 significant restenoses (1.6%) were diagnosed in the no-CA group; 4 significant restenoses (2.2%) occurred in the CA group (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When performed by experienced surgeons, systematic intraoperative CA does not reduce the incidence of ipsilateral neurologic complications after CEP. Systematic intraoperative arteriography enables surgical trainees to obtain results as satisfactory as those of experienced surgeons.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Surgery Department, CHU Trousseau, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lancelevee
authors.forename: Blandine
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maurel
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gaudin
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robin
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bleuet
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bertrand
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lermusiaux
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000792:Angiography; D017130:Angioplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D018580:Mandatory Testing / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control