title: Feedback activities of instructors during a trauma surgery course.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to examine the quality and quantity of feedback and instruction from faculty members during an acute trauma surgery team training using a newly designed observational feedback instrument.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the training, 11 operating teams, each consisting of 1 instructor coaching 2 trainees, were videotaped and audiotaped. Forty-five minutes of identical operating scenarios were reviewed and analyzed. Using a new observational feedback instrument, feedback and instruction, containing different levels of specific information related to technical and nontechnical skills, were noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Instructors more often provided instruction (25.8 ± 10.6 times) than feedback (4.4 ± 3.5 times). Most feedback and instruction contained either nonspecific or less specific information and referred to technical skills. Instructors addressed communication skills more specifically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coaching by faculty members predominantly contained unspecific instructions regarding technical skills. The observational feedback instrument enabled scoring of the coaching activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Academic Educational Institute Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: a.alken@chir.umcn.nl.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alken
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Jan-Maarten
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Luursema
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fluit
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Goor
mesh_terms: D003142:Communication; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005180:Faculty, Medical; D005246:Feedback; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011361:Professional Competence; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*; D014194:Traumatology / Q000193:education*
keywords: Coaching; Feedback; Instruction; Surgical training; Trauma