title: Comparative analysis of the anterior and posterior length and deflection angle of the cranial base, in individuals with facial Pattern I, II and III.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the variations in the anterior cranial base (S-N), posterior cranial base (S-Ba) and deflection of the cranial base (SNBa) among three different facial patterns (Pattern I, II and III).
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 60 lateral cephalometric radiographs of Brazilian Caucasian patients, both genders, between 8 and 17 years of age was selected. The sample was divided into 3 groups (Pattern I, II and III) of 20 individuals each. The inclusion criteria for each group were the ANB angle, Wits appraisal and the facial profile angle (G'.Sn.Pg'). To compare the mean values obtained from (SNBa, S-N, S-Ba) each group measures, the ANOVA test and Scheffé's Post-Hoc test were applied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no statistically significant difference for the deflection angle of the cranial base among the different facial patterns (Patterns I, II and III). There was no significant difference for the measures of the anterior and posterior cranial base between the facial Patterns I and II. The mean values for S-Ba were lower in facial Pattern III with statistically significant difference. The mean values of S-N in the facial Pattern III were also reduced, but without showing statistically significant difference. This trend of lower values in the cranial base measurements would explain the maxillary deficiency and/or mandibular prognathism features that characterize the facial Pattern III.
authors.affiliation: PUCRS. guilherme.thiesen@unisul.br
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thiesen
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pletsch
authors.forename: Michella Dinah
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Zastrow
authors.forename: Caio Vinicius Martins
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: do Valle
authors.forename: Karyna Martins
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: do Valle-Corotti
authors.forename: Mayara Paim
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Paulo Cesar Rodrigues
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Conti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000502:physiology*; D011861:Radiography, Dental / Q000379:methods; D019291:Skull Base / Q000033:anatomy & histology*
keywords: Cranial base; Face; Maxillofacial development; Orthodontics