title: Systematic literature review of incidence rates of low-speed vehicle run-over incidents in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To systematically review the literature investigating the incidence of fatal and or nonfatal low-speed vehicle run-over (LSVRO) incidents in children aged 0-15 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following databases were searched using specific search terms, from their date of conception up to June 2011: Cochrane Library, Medline, CINAHL, Embase, AMI, Sociological Abstracts, ERIC, PsycArticles, PsycInfo, Urban Studies and Planning; Australian Criminology Database; Dissertations and Thesis; Academic Research Library; Social Services Abstracts; Family and Society; Scopus; and Web of Science. A total of 128 articles were identified in the databases (33 found by hand searching). The title and abstract of these were read, and 102 were removed because they were not primary research articles relating to LSVRO-type injuries. Twenty-six articles were assessed against the inclusion (reporting population level incidence rates) and exclusion criteria, 19 of which were excluded, leaving a total of five articles for inclusion in the review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. The incidence rate in nonfatal LSVRO events varied in the range of 7.09 to 14.79 per 100,000 and from 0.63 to 3.2 per 100,000 in fatal events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using International Classification of Diseases codes for classifying fatal or nonfatal LSVRO incidents is problematic as there is no specific code for LSVRO. The current body of research is void of a comprehensive secular population data analysis. Only with an improved spectrum of incidence rates will appropriate evaluation of this problem be possible, and this will inform nursing prevention interventions. The effect of LSVRO incidents is clearly understudied. More research is required to address incidence rates in relation to culture, environment, risk factors, car design, and injury characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lack of nursing research or policy around this area of injury, most often to children, indicates a field of inquiry and policy development that needs attention.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Trauma Research Nurse, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Bronwyn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Kerrieanne
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watt
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kimble
authors.forename: Belinda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wallis
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shields
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000401:mortality*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D046688:Child Mortality; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: incidence; injury; nursing; pedestrian; pediatric; prevention; run over; safety; systematic literature review