title: Evaluation of age-related interstitial myocardial fibrosis with cardiac magnetic resonance contrast-enhanced T1 mapping: MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to determine the relationship of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) measures of tissue composition to age in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Animal and human studies have demonstrated increased collagen deposition in senescent hearts. New CMR indices of tissue composition by using T1 mapping are sensitive to the presence of myocardial fibrosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,231 study participants (51% women; age range 54 to 93 years) of the MESA cohort were evaluated with T1 mapping by using 1.5-T CMR scanners. None of the participants had focal scar on delayed enhancement CMR. Single-slice T1 mapping was performed at the midventricular level before and at 12- and 25-min delay after administration of gadolinium contrast by using a modified Look-Locker inversion recovery sequence. The partition coefficient was determined by the slope of the linear relationship of (1/T1myo vs. 1/T1blood). The extracellular volume fraction (ECV) was derived accounting for the hematocrit level. Multivariable regression analyses were performed, adjusting for traditional risk factors and left ventricular structure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women had significantly greater partition coefficient, ECV, and precontrast T1 than men, as well as lower post-contrast T1 values (all p < 0.05). In general, linear regression analyses demonstrated that greater partition coefficient, pre-contrast T1 values, and ECV were associated with older age in men (multivariate regression coefficients = 0.01; 5.9 ms; and 1.04% per 10 years' change; all p < 0.05). ECV was also significantly associated with age in women after multivariable adjustments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CMR parameters that have been associated with myocardial fibrosis were related to older age in the MESA study. Women had higher ECV than men but less ECV change over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Chia-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Yuan-Chang
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Office of Biostatistics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Anderson
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Gustavo J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Volpe
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rob J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van der Geest
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Yongmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Hundley
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Antoinette S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Songtao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nacif
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bluemke
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: jlima@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: João A C
authors.initials: JAC
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology; D003287:Contrast Media; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: BMI; CMR; ECV; GFR; Gd; LV; MOLLI; MR; T(1) mapping; aging; body mass index; cardiovascular magnetic resonance; extracellular volume; gadolinium; glomerular filtration rate; left ventricular; magnetic resonance; magnetic resonance imaging; modified Look-Locker inversion recovery; myocardial fibrosis