title: The relationships among hemostatic markers, the withdrawal of fondaparinux due to a reduction in hemoglobin and deep vein thrombosis in Japanese patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relationships among the hemostatic markers, the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and the withdrawal of fondaparinux due to a reduction in the hemoglobin levels were examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-hundred twenty-one Japanese patients who underwent major orthopedic surgery and were treated with 1.5mg of fondaparinux instead of 2.5mg of fondaparinux were studied. Forty-seven of 221 patients discontinued fondaparinux treatment (withdrawal group) and 37 patients developed DVT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age, frequency of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), withdrawal of fondaparinux, reduction of hemoglobin and the plasma levels of soluble fibrin (SF), D-dimer and fibrinogen and fibrin degradation product (FDP) on day 1 after the operation were significantly higher in the patients with DVT. Elevated SF, D-dimer or FDP levels were associated with the risk for DVT. The age, frequency of TKA or DVT, anti-Xa activity and the creatinine, FDP and D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the withdrawal group. An anti-Xa level >0.33 mg/l and an elevated D-dimer or FDP level were associated with the risk of withdrawal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The age and SF levels, TKA and withdrawal of fondaparinux were related to the risk of DVT, and the anti-Xa activity, creatinine level and DVT were related to the risk of withdrawal of fondaparinux due to a reduction in hemoglobin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Kakunoshin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Noriki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asanuma
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Kohshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimokariya
authors.forename: Norikazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Atsumasa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sudo
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015951:Factor Xa / Q000378:metabolism; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors; D005260:Female; D005337:Fibrin / Q000378:metabolism; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000378:metabolism; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D000077425:Fondaparinux; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D015415:Biomarkers; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D006454:Hemoglobins; D011134:Polysaccharides; C036309:fibrin fragment D; C465961:thrombus precursor protein, human; D005337:Fibrin; D005340:Fibrinogen; D015951:Factor Xa; D000077425:Fondaparinux
keywords: Anti-Xa activity; Deep vein thrombosis (DVT); Fondaparinux; Orthopedic surgery; Withdrawal