title: Two-step catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of fast pyrolysis oil to hydrocarbon liquid fuels.
abstract: Two-step catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of fast pyrolysis oil was investigated for translating pyrolysis oil to transportation grade hydrocarbon liquid fuels. At the first mild HDO step, various organic solvents were employed to promote HDO of bio-oil to overcome coke formation using noble catalyst (Ru/C) under mild conditions (300 °C, 10 MPa). At the second deep HDO step, conventional hydrogenation setup and catalyst (NiMo/Al2O3) were used under severe conditions (400 °C, 13 MPa) for obtaining hydrocarbon fuel. Results show that the phenomenon of coke formation is effectively eliminated, and the properties of products have been significantly improved, such as oxygen content decreases from 48 to 0.5 wt% and high heating value increases from 17 to 46 MJ kg(-1). GC-MS analysis indicates that the final products include C11-C27 aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. In short, the fast pyrolysis oils were successfully translated to hydrocarbon liquid fuels using a two-step catalytic HDO process.
authors.affiliation: The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Research Academy of Environmental Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
authors.forename: Xingmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Changsen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yonggang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yunpu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Ruiqin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D012428:Ruthenium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D002244:Carbon; D012428:Ruthenium
keywords: Deep HDO; Fast pyrolysis oil; Mild HDO; Organic solvent; Two-step catalytic hydrogenation