title: Synthesis of tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride by high-concentration phosphine in industrial off-gas.
abstract: With increasing consumption of phosphate rock and acceleration of global phosphate production, the shortage of phosphate resources is increasing with the development and utilization of phosphate. China's Ministry of Land and Resources has classified phosphate as a mineral that cannot meet China's growing demand for phosphate rock in 2010. The phosphorus chemical industry is one of the important economic pillars for Yunnan province. Yellow phosphorus production in enterprises has led to a significant increase in the amount of phosphorus sludge. This paper focuses on phosphine generation in the process of phosphoric sludge utilization, where the flame retardant tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride (THPC) is synthesized by high concentrations of phosphine. The optimum conditions are determined at a space velocity of 150 h(-1), a reaction temperature of 60 °C, 0.75 g of catalyst, and a ratio of raw materials of 4:1. Because of the catalytic oxidation of copper chloride (CuCl2), the synthesis of THPC was accelerated significantly. In conclusion, THPC can be efficiently synthesized under optimal conditions and with CuCl2 as a catalyst.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong County, Kunming 650500, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yanfu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yangsong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Kunyang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xinyue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control; D002384:Catalysis; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D005411:Flame Retardants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010720:Phosphines / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010720:Phosphines; C014850:tetramethylolphosphonium chloride; D003300:Copper; C044646:phosphine; C029892:cupric chloride