title: Is a volume of 3.6 mL better than 1.8 mL for inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the success of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block using either 3.6 mL or 1.8 mL 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in patients presenting with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of 7 previously published studies, 319 emergency patients presenting with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis received either a 1.8-mL volume or 3.6-mL volume of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in an IAN block. One hundred ninety patients received a 1.8-mL volume, and 129 received a 3.6-mL volume. Endodontic emergency treatment was completed on each subject. Success was defined as the ability to access and instrument the tooth without pain (visual analog scale score of 0) or mild pain (VAS rating ≤54 mm).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Success of the 1.8-mL volume was 28%, and for the 3.6-mL volume it was 39%. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 volumes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, for patients presenting with irreversible pulpitis, success was not significantly different between a 3.6-mL volume and a 1.8-mL volume of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. The success rates (28%-39%) with either volume were not high enough to ensure complete pulpal anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endodontics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: Al
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reader
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000187:drug effects; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008046:Lip / Q000294:innervation; D008297:Male; D008340:Mandibular Nerve / Q000187:drug effects*; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011671:Pulpitis / Q000628:therapy*; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine
keywords: Epinephrine; inferior alveolar nerve block; irreversible pulpitis; volumes of lidocaine