title: Relationship between stress symptoms and drug use among secondary students.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between drug use and four kinds of stress symptoms in 954 Brazilian students from the 6th to the 11th grades, in 4 public and 5 private schools in the city of Sao Paulo. Based on their answers to the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI-R) and to the Stress Scale for Adolescents (SSA), we compared regular drug users with non/occasional drug users regarding the frequency of four kinds of stress symptoms (psychological, cognitive, physiological, interpersonal), and the period in which it happened. When compared to non/occasional drug users, regular drug users presented higher levels of psychological, cognitive and physiological symptoms of stress and these symptoms were in the most severe spectrum of severity (near to exhaustion and exhaustion). The association between drug use and stress was even stronger in the youngest age group (11 to 13 years old). Most of the regular drug users were 16 years old and over, from upper-middle class families, had poor family relationships and more academic problems. These results confirm the association between drug use and stress in adolescents and highlight the need for early screening and intervention in both drug use and stressful situations.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Brazil).
authors.forename: Iracema Francisco
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Frade
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Micheli
authors.forename: André Luiz
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Monezi Andrade
authors.forename: Maria Lucia Oliveira
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: de Souza-Formigoni
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058545:Inhalant Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D064424:Tobacco Use / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult