title: Diagnosis and treatment of cystic renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of cystic renal cell carcinoma (CRCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted on 13 patients with CRCC at our center from August 2004 to April 2012. The pathologic features, clinical manifestation, imaging characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of CRCC were summarized according to available literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 13 patients, 11 were diagnosed with CRCC by preoperative B ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scan. The remaining two cases were initially misdiagnosed with simple renal cysts. Open radical nephrectomy was performed on two of the 13 cases, laparoscopic radical nephrectomy on seven cases, and open partial nephrectomy on four cases. All diagnoses of CRCC were confirmed by pathological examination. After the operation, all patients had an uneventful recovery. During the follow-up (range, 6-60 months), the serum creatinine concentrations and GFR of the partially removed kidneys remained stable within the normal range. No tumor recurrence or metastasis occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By combining imaging examinations (B ultrasonography and CT scan) with intraoperative pathological examination, most cases of CRCC can be diagnosed and treated promptly and accurately. Nephrectomy is the first-line therapy. Nephron-sparing surgery should be preferred for CRCC. After a successful operation, the prognosis of CRCC is good.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
authors.forename: Jiexiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bianjiang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ninghong
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Zengjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Changjun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D052177:Kidney Diseases, Cystic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine