title: Identification of an atrazine-degrading benzoxazinoid in Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides).
abstract: This study was part of a broader effort to identify and characterize promising atrazine-degrading phytochemicals in Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides ; EG) roots for the purpose of mitigating atrazine transport from agroecosystems. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify atrazine-degrading compounds in EG root extracts. Eastern gamagrass roots were extracted with methanol, and extracts were subjected to a variety of separation techniques. Fractions from each level of separation were tested for atrazine-degrading activity by a simple assay. Compounds were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results from the experiments identified 2-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA-Glc) as the compound responsible for atrazine degradation in the root extract fractions collected. 2-β-d-Glucopyranosyloxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (HBOA-Glc) was also identified in the root extract fractions, but it did not demonstrate activity against atrazine. Estimated root tissue concentrations were 210 mg kg(-1) (wet wt basis) for DIBOA-Glc and 71 mg kg(-1) for HBOA-Glc (dry wt basis, 710 ± 96 and 240 ± 74 mg kg(-1), respectively). This research was the first to describe the occurrence and concentrations of an atrazine-degrading benzoxazinone compound isolated from EG tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, 302 ABNR Building, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA. cdw535@mail.missouri.edu
authors.forename: Cammy D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Willett
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Lerch
authors.forename: Chung-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Keith W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Goyne
authors.forename: Nathan D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Leigh
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D001280:Atrazine / Q000737:chemistry*; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D006109:Poaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D048588:Benzoxazines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D001280:Atrazine