title: Toll-like receptor regulation of effector T lymphocyte function.
abstract: The landmark discovery of pattern-recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), furthered our understanding on how the host rapidly responds to invading pathogens. For over a decade now, extensive research has demonstrated the crucial role of multiple TLRs in the detection of a broad range of molecules expressed by microbial pathogens as well as host-derived danger signals. TLR activation is the hallmark of the innate immune response. Recent evidence, however, demonstrates that cells of the adaptive immune response use these innate signaling pathways as well. This review discusses recent findings regarding TLR functionality in T lymphocytes with a specific emphasis on the promotion of T helper cell-dependent inflammation through direct TLR signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Center for Inflammation and Cancer, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin, Unit 906, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: NKT cells; T lymphocytes; Toll-like receptors; gamma/delta T cells