title: Maternal bladder cancer diagnosed at routine first-trimester obstetric ultrasound examination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bladder cancer is exceedingly rare in pregnancy and most commonly presents with gross hematuria.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe two patients with the incidental finding of maternal bladder masses identified during routine first-trimester obstetric ultrasonographic evaluation and an ultimate diagnosis of carcinoma. After referral for urology evaluation and biopsy confirmation of bladder cancer, patients underwent surgical resection during their pregnancies without the need for further treatment and had uncomplicated pregnancy courses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distended maternal urinary bladder at the time of first-trimester ultrasonographic evaluation offers a unique opportunity for examination and early diagnosis of incidental maternal bladder carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University School of Medicine/Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yeaton-Massey
authors.forename: Kathleen F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Brookfield
authors.forename: Natali
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.forename: Barbora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mrazek-Pugh
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chueh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D050498:Live Birth; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery