title: Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy targeting synthesized peptides for advanced biliary tract cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this retrospective study was to clarify the safety and efficacy of dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy targeting synthesized peptides, Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) and Mucin 1, cell surface associated (MUC1) for biliary tract cancers (BTCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five patients who had nonresectable, recurrent, or metastatic BTCs and received the DC-based immunotherapy were selected for the study. DCs were pulsed with WT1 and/or MUC1. The adverse events (AEs) and clinical responses were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No serious treatment-related AEs were observed. Median survival time (MST) from diagnosis and from the first vaccination was 18.5 and 7.2 months, respectively. By multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, the significant independent factors were found to be (1) combined chemotherapy, (2) albumin level ≥4.0 g/dL before vaccination, (3) C-reactive protein level <0.5 mg/dL before vaccination, and (4) fever after vaccination. The MST from the first vaccination with or without chemotherapy was 8.2 and 5.3 months, respectively (P = 0.016), and MST for the patients with prognostic nutritional index ≥40 and <40 was 8.1 and 5.0 months, respectively (P = 0.023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although a small uncontrolled nonrandomized study, DC-based immunotherapy for BTCs was safe and produced a clinical response for the patients who underwent chemotherapy and maintained a good nutrition status.
authors.affiliation: Seren Clinic Nagoya, Isokai, 4-14-2 Sakae, Naka-ku, Nagoya, 460-0008, Japan. m.kobayashi@serenclinic.or.jp
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Tomoyo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakabe
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Mitsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanii
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yanagida
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shibamoto
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: Shun-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsujitani
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koido
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Shigetaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimodaira
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yonemitsu
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagaya
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D025721:WT1 Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; C060192:MUC1 protein, human; D018396:Mucin-1; D025721:WT1 Proteins; C583751:WT1 protein, human