title: The use of IV-tubing as a closed-suction drainage system during neurosurgical cases in Tanzania.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Commercial closed-suctions drainage systems are commonly used in the United States and many other countries for use in neurosurgical cases. However, in Tanzania and other developing nations with fewer resources, these are not available. This report explores another option for a closed-system drainage system utilizing inexpensive supplies found commonly in hospitals around the world.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sterile IV-tubing is cut, inserted into the wound, and brought out through an adjacent puncture incision. For suction, an empty plastic bottle can be attached to the tubing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IV-tubing closed-suction drainage system was applied in both cranial and spinal neurosurgical procedures, including as subdural, subgaleal, epidural, and suprafacial drains. It maintained suction and was an adequate substitute when commercial drains are unavailable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report illustrates how sterile IV-tubing can be adapted for use as a closed-drainage system. It utilizes inexpensive supplies commonly found in many hospitals throughout the world and can be applied to both cranial and spinal neurosurgical procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bonfield
authors.forename: Hamisi K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Shabani
authors.forename: Emmanuel S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kanumba
authors.forename: Dilantha B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Ellegala
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nicholas
keywords: Africa; global health; neurosurgical techniques