title: [Comparison of antiemesis effects of granisetron, aprepitant and dexamethasone to palonosetron, aprepitant and dexamethasone in treatment of high-emetic risk chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting - a retrospective study for efficacy and safety in a single institute].
abstract: Nausea and vomiting are among the most problematic symptoms experienced by patients with cancer who are receiving chemotherapy. 5-hydroxytryptamine 3(5-HT3)-receptor antagonists, NK1 receptor antagonists(aprepitant)and dexamethasone are now the standard therapies for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)that follow highly emetogenic chemotherapy, such as cisplatin and anthracycline. However, since it is not cleared which 5-HT3-recepter antagonist is a proper treatment for combined use with aprepitant and dexamethasone, we conducted a questionnaire survey, which used the numerical rating scale(NRS), for comparing palonosetron with granisetron in the same patient. Palonosetron showed a significant improvement of nausea for both acute(within 24 hours)and delayed phase(24-120 hours later), regardless of the type of chemotherapy(cisplatin or anthracycline-based regimen). Furthermore, palonosetron had a tolerable safety profile. Our study suggests that palonosetron-based antiemetic treatment will be a preferred choice for preventing CINV following highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Oncology and Hematology, Edogawa Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osawa
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Myojo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077608:Aprepitant; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D017829:Granisetron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009025:Morpholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D000077924:Palonosetron; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000077608:Aprepitant; D003907:Dexamethasone; D004338:Drug Combinations; D017829:Granisetron; D007546:Isoquinolines; D009025:Morpholines; D000077924:Palonosetron; D011812:Quinuclidines