title: Antimicrobial activity of Amazon Astrocaryum aculeatum extracts and its association to oxidative metabolism.
abstract: Several compounds present in fruits as polyphenols are able to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. These proprieties are relevant mainly in tropical areas, as Amazonian region where infectious are highly prevalent. Therefore, this study investigated the antimicrobial activity of tucumã Amazonian fruit against 37 microorganisms. The potential role of oxidative metabolism imbalance was also studied as causal mechanism of antimicrobial activity. The results showed antibacterial effect of pulp and peel tucumã hydro-alcoholic extracts on three Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes) and antifungal effect against Candida albicans. The antimicrobial contribution of main chemical compounds (quercetin, rutin, β-carotene and gallic, caffeic and chlorogenic acids) found in tucumã extracts was also investigated showing an inhibitory effect depending of the organism mainly by quercetin in bacteria and rutin in C. albicans. Analysis of kinetic of DNA releasing in extracellular medium by fluorescence using DNA Pico Green assay(®) and reactive oxygen species production (ROS) showed potential oxidative imbalance contribution on tucumã inhibitory effect. In B. cereus and C. albicans this effect was clear since after 24h the ROS levels were higher when compared to negative control group. In conclusion, tucumã extracts present antimicrobial activity to four microorganisms that have large problems of drug resistance, and the possible mechanism of action of this Amazon fruit is related to REDOX imbalance.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Micheli Lamberti
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Jobim
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia, Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Brazil. Electronic address: robertochrist@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Roberto Christ Vianna
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia, Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camilla Filippi
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: dos Santos Alves
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raul Moreira
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clarice Pinheiro
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Mostardeiro
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michele Rorato
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sagrillo
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Olmiro Cezimbra
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: de Souza Filho
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Filipe Machado
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Fernanda
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Manica-Cattani
authors.affiliation: Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Euler Esteves
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil; Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ivana Beatrice Mânica
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: da Cruz
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis; D012431:Rutin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D016877:Oxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012431:Rutin; D011794:Quercetin
keywords: Astrocaryum aculeatum; Candida albicans; Gram-positive; Oxidative stress; Polyphenols