title: Systematic characterization of the conformation and dynamics of budding yeast chromosome XII.
abstract: Chromosomes architecture is viewed as a key component of gene regulation, but principles of chromosomal folding remain elusive. Here we used high-throughput live cell microscopy to characterize the conformation and dynamics of the longest chromosome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (XII). Chromosome XII carries the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) that defines the nucleolus, a major hallmark of nuclear organization. We determined intranuclear positions of 15 loci distributed every ~100 kb along the chromosome, and investigated their motion over broad time scales (0.2-400 s). Loci positions and motions, except for the rDNA, were consistent with a computational model of chromosomes based on tethered polymers and with the Rouse model from polymer physics, respectively. Furthermore, rapamycin-dependent transcriptional reprogramming of the genome only marginally affected the chromosome XII internal large-scale organization. Our comprehensive investigation of chromosome XII is thus in agreement with recent studies and models in which long-range architecture is largely determined by the physical principles of tethered polymers and volume exclusion.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire des Eucaryotes du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mathon
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.forename: Hicham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Normand
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Léger-Silvestre
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamgoue
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mozziconacci
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.forename: Purnima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.forename: Aurélien
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bancaud
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gadal
mesh_terms: D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056426:Genetic Loci; D016681:Genome, Fungal; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020123:Sirolimus; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059008:Time-Lapse Imaging; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D020123:Sirolimus