title: Buffering Effect of Parental Monitoring Knowledge and Parent-Adolescent Relationships on Consequences of Adolescent Substance Use.
abstract: When adolescents begin using substances, negative consequences are not always directly proportional to the amount used; heavy users may have few consequences whereas light users may have numerous consequences. This study examined how parental monitoring knowledge and parent-child relationship quality may serve as buffers against negative consequences when adolescents use substances. Self-report questionnaires were administered to a community sample of 200 healthy adolescents and their parents at two time points, one year apart. Results suggest that both parental monitoring knowledge and parent-child relationship quality serve as buffers against negative consequences of substance use - but only when adolescents report high levels of monitoring knowledge or strong parent-child relationship quality. Results suggests adolescent perceived parental monitoring knowledge and parent-child relationship quality each act independently to buffer adolescents against negative consequences of substance use over a one-year period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 sab57@psu.edu.
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Branstetter
authors.forename: Wyndol
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Furman
keywords: Adolescent; Monitoring; Negative Consequences; Parent; Relationship Quality; Substance Use