title: Cyclopropane-based conformational restriction of GABA by a stereochemical diversity-oriented strategy: identification of an efficient lead for potent inhibitors of GABA transports.
abstract: A series of cyclopropane-based conformationally restricted γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogs with stereochemical diversity, that is, the trans- and cis-2,3-methano analogs Ia and Ib and their enantiomers ent-Ia and ent-Ib, and also the trans- and cis-3,4-methano analogs IIa and IIb and their enantiomers ent-IIa and ent-Iib, were synthesized from the chiral cyclopropane units Type-a and Type-b that we developed. These analogs were systematically evaluated with four GABA transporter (GAT) subtypes. The trans-3,4-methano analog IIa had inhibitory effects on GAT3 (IC50=23.9μM) and betaine-GABA transporter1 (5.48μM), indicating its potential as an effective lead compound for the development of potent GAT inhibitors due to its hydrophilic and low molecular weight properties and excellent ligand efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakada
authors.forename: Mamie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suemasa
authors.forename: Shuhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Shizuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arisawa
authors.forename: Masabumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shuto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D003521:Cyclopropanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D018757:GABA Modulators / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D018757:GABA Modulators; D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; C030797:cyclopropane
keywords: 1-(2-[tris(4-methoxyphenyl)methoxy]ethyl)-3-piperidinecarboxylic acid; ANOVA; BGT; BGT1; CHO; CNS; Chinese hamster ovary; Conformational restriction; Cyclopropane; EPM; GABA; GABA transporter; GAT; GAT3; LE; PTZ; SNAP; SSRI; analysis of variance; betaine-GABA transporter; central nervous systems; elevated plus maze; ligand efficiency; pentylenetetrazole; serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors; γ-aminobutyric acid