title: Dissipation, residues, and risk assessment of spirodiclofen in citrus.
abstract: The dissipation, residues, and distribution of spirodiclofen, a new type of insecticide and acaricide that belongs to the class of ketoenols or tetronic acids, in citrus were investigated in this study. Risk assessment of sprodiclofen was also conducted based on those data. The open-field experiments were conducted in Guangdong, Fujian, and Guangxi of China. Results showed that the half-lives in citrus ranged from 6.5 to 13.6 days at three sites. The terminal residues of spirodiclofen were all below the FAO/WHO maximum residue limit of 0.5 mg/kg in citrus, when they were determined 14 days after final application. Distribution of spirodiclofen in peel and flesh was analyzed, and residues were found to be concentrated on peel. Risk assessment was performed by calculation of risk quotient, which showed that the use of spirodiclofen is comparably safe for humans.
authors.affiliation: Plant protection research institute Guangdong academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Congyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Siwei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mingjin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006207:Half-Life; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D013141:Spiro Compounds; C508135:spirodiclofen; D015107:4-Butyrolactone