title: The association between women's self-rated health and satisfaction with environmental services in an underserved community in Lebanon.
abstract: This research evaluated the association between women's self-rated health and a number of socioeconomic and environmental health indicators relating to drinking water services in an underserved Lebanese community. A population-based, cross-sectional survey using interviews was adopted to obtain information from female homemakers of 2,223 households in the town of Bebnine, Lebanon. The questionnaire included indicators on self-rated health, satisfaction with water quality, source of drinking water, occurrence of diarrhea, and socioeconomic variables, such as education, occupation, and perceived economic status. Self-rated health was categorized as poor, fair, and good. Odds ratios for poor and fair compared to good self-rated health values were calculated using multinomial logistic regression. A total of 712 women (32%) reported poor self-rated health. Women who perceived their household income to be worse than others in town were four times as likely to report poor health. Compared to women who were satisfied with drinking water quality, dissatisfied women were 42% more likely to report poor health. Women living in households reporting recent episodes of diarrheal illness had poorer health ratings than those without. The findings suggest a positive relationship between individual perceptions of water quality and self-rated health. Community concerns over their surrounding environment serve as a primary guide for infrastructural development and government policy.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. rima.habib@aub.edu.lb
authors.forename: Rima R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Habib
authors.forename: Kareem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elzein
authors.forename: Safa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hojeij
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology; D060766:Drinking Water; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007861:Lebanon / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D057566:Self Report; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D035862:Vulnerable Populations; D060753:Water Quality; D014881:Water Supply; D016387:Women's Health; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water