title: Preliminary phytochemical screening and antibacterial properties of crude stem bark extracts and fractions of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.).
abstract: A methanolic crude extract of Parkia biglobosa was prepared and later partitioned in succession with different solvents of increasing polarity ranging from n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate to butanol. Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, glycoside and sugars. The inhibition zones exhibited by the extract against the tested bacteria ranged between 14 ± 0.00 mm (against Escherichia coli) and 28 ± 0.71 mm (against Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The MIC of the methanolic extract of P. biglobosa against isolates ranged between 0.63 mg/mL and 5 mg/mL, while the MIC values exhibited by the n-hexane and aqueous fractions ranged between 0.63 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL. Overall the extract and fractions of P. biglobosa used in this work were found to possess antimicrobial properties which compared favourably with those of streptomycin. These observations make this plant a potential source of bioactive compounds that can be used in management of bacterial infections. The use of this plant as herbal medicaments in African countries and the reports on the toxicity of the plant further show that the plant is non-toxic to humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 234, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Emmanuel O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Abioye
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Akinpelu
authors.forename: Olayinka A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Aiyegoro
authors.forename: Mobolaji F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Adegboye
authors.forename: Matthew O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Oni
authors.forename: Anthony I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Okoh
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents