title: Anatomical position of hyaluronic acid gel following injection to the eyebrow.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine with histology the anatomical location of hyaluronic acid gel injected to the eyebrow of cadaver specimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors dissected 5 fresh hemifacial cadaver specimens following preperiosteal injection of hyaluronic acid gel to the eyebrow. Following tissue fixation, full-thickness soft-tissue sections were obtained followed by histologic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histologic examination revealed the location of hyaluronic acid gel at the intended preperiosteal plane in all 5 specimens. Very dense retro-orbicularis oculi fat septa appeared to limit the anterior displacement of filler in each specimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides a greater understanding of the anatomical barriers and boundaries that help to determine, in part, the anatomical position of hyaluronic acid gel when injected to the preperiosteal eyebrow. The high degree of histologically confirmed consistency of product location of eyebrow injections noted in this study stands in contrast to the variability of position of gel injected in the infraorbital hollows.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology, Section of Oculofacial and Orbital Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; and †Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic, Facial Cosmetic, and Orbital Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Griepentrog
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lucarelli
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D005138:Eyebrows / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D010521:Periosteum / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid