title: [Effect of andrographolide on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer BGC-823 cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of andrographolide (AD) on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of human gastric cells line BGC-823.
  
  
  METHODS
  MTT assay, flow cytometry and Annexin-V/PI double-staining flow cytometry assay were used to evaluate the effect of AD on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of BGC-823 cells respectively. Optical microscope and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the cell morphological changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A time- and concentration-dependent proliferative inhibition effect of AD was demonstrated in BGC-823 cells. AD concentration lower than 7.5 mg/L possessed weak inhibitory effect,while concentration between 15.0-60.0 mg/L possessed higher inhibitory effect. The concentration higher than 60.0 mg/L had no significant increase of inhibitory effect. IC50 of AD at 24, 48 and 72 h was (35.3±4.3), (25.5±3.5) and (18.2±2.7) mg/L respectively. Compared with the negative control group, the number of G0/G1 phase cells increased significantly (P<0.05), while the number of S and G2/M phase cells decreased after incubation with AD for 48 h, and the alteration was in a concentration-dependent manner. AD arrested BGC-823 cells at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. After incubation with 7.5, 10.0 and 15.0 mg/L AD for 24 h, the early apoptotic rates of BGC-823 cells were (19.3±4.7)%, (29.4±4.1)% and (52.7±6.7)% respectively, and the late apoptotic rates were (10.8±1.8)%, (10.9±4.7)% and (14.7±4.8)% respectively. Both the early apoptotic rates and the late apoptotic rates increased significantly compared to the control group (all P<0.05),and the alteration was in a concentration-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Andrographolide can inhibit BGC-823 cells proliferation, arrest BGC-823 cells in G0/G1 phase and induce apoptosis, and may be a potential traditional Chinese medicine with anti-cancer effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Oncological Surgery, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China. shuguangli6688@126.com
authors.forename: Shu-guang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qin-shu
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Yuan-yu
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Yi-feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yong-jiang
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004224:Diterpenes; C030419:andrographolide