title: Prenatal and early childhood bisphenol A concentrations and behavior in school-aged children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Early life exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupting chemical used in some food and beverage containers, receipts, and dental sealants, has been associated with anxiety and hyperactivity in animal studies. A few human studies also show prenatal and childhood BPA exposure to be associated with behavior problems in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured BPA in urine from mothers during pregnancy and children at 5 years of age (N=292). Child behavior was assessed by mother and teacher report at age 7 years and direct assessment at age 9 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prenatal urinary BPA concentrations were associated with increased internalizing problems in boys, including anxiety and depression, at age 7. No associations were seen with prenatal BPA concentrations and behaviors in girls. Childhood urinary BPA concentrations were associated with increased externalizing behaviors, including conduct problems, in girls at age 7 and increased internalizing behaviors and inattention and hyperactivity behaviors in boys and girls at age 7.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study adds to the existing literature showing associations of early life BPA exposure with behavior problems, including anxiety, depression, and hyperactivity in children. Additional information about timing of exposure and sex differences in effect is still needed.
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, 1995 University Ave., Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA. Electronic address: kharley@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Kim G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Harley
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gunier
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kogut
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Asa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bradman
authors.forename: Antonia M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Calafat
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eskenazi
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects*; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003863:Depression / Q000139:chemically induced; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000652:urine; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: ADHD; Anxiety; Behavior; Bisphenol A; Children; Depression