title: ACTN3 R577X genotype is associated with sprinting in elite Japanese athletes.
abstract: The ACTN3 R577X genotype has been found to associate with sprint/power phenotypes in all elite athlete cohorts investigated. This association has not been extensively studied in elite Asian athletes. The present study was undertaken to investigate the association between the ACTN3 R577X genotype and elite Japanese track and field athlete status. 299 elite Japanese track and field athletes (134 sprint/power athletes; 165 endurance/middle-power athletes) and 649 Japanese controls were genotyped for the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism. All athletes were of national or international level. Sprint/power athletes showed a higher frequency of RR + RX genotype than controls (111/134 [82.8%] vs. 478/649 [73.7%], P = 0.025 under the R-dominant model), while there was no significant difference between endurance/middle-power athletes and controls (126/165 [76.4%] vs. 478/649 [73.7%], P = 0.48 under the R-dominant model). Sprinters with the RR + RX genotype had significantly faster personal best times for the 100 m than those with XX genotype (10.42 ± 0.05 s vs. 10.64 ± 0.09 s, P = 0.042); no such association was found in the 400 m sprinters (47.02 ± 0.36 s vs. 47.56 ± 0.99 s, P = 0.62). ACTN3 R577X genotype is associated with sprint/power performance in elite Japanese track and field athletes, especially short sprint performance.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa-city, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.affiliation: Department of Genomics for Longevity and Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fuku
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion and Exercise Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Business Administration, Josai University, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchie
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohiwa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Pitsiladis
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion and Exercise Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyachi
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Genomics for Longevity and Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000185:Actinin / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D054874:Athletic Performance; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D012420:Running; D014142:Track and Field; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: C118456:ACTN3 protein, human; D000185:Actinin