title: Kenya's health workforce information system: a model of impact on strategic human resources policy, planning and management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Countries worldwide are challenged by health worker shortages, skill mix imbalances, and maldistribution. Human resources information systems (HRIS) are used to monitor and address these health workforce issues, but global understanding of such systems is minimal and baseline information regarding their scope and capability is practically non-existent. The Kenya Health Workforce Information System (KHWIS) has been identified as a promising example of a functioning HRIS. The objective of this paper is to document the impact of KHWIS data on human resources policy, planning and management.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sources for this study included semi-structured interviews with senior officials at Kenya's Ministry of Medical Services (MOMS), Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation (MOPHS), the Department of Nursing within MOMS, the Nursing Council of Kenya, Kenya Medical Practitioners and Dentists Board, Kenya's Clinical Officers Council, and Kenya Medical Laboratory Technicians and Technologists Board. Additionally, quantitative data were extracted from KHWIS databases to supplement the interviews. Health sector policy documents were retrieved from MOMS and MOPHS websites, and reviewed to assess whether they documented any changes to policy and practice as having been impacted by KHWIS data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interviews with Kenyan government and regulatory officials cited health workforce data provided by KHWIS influenced policy, regulation, and management. Policy changes include extension of Kenya's age of mandatory civil service retirement from 55 to 60 years. Data retrieved from KHWIS document increased relicensing of professional nurses, midwives, medical practitioners and dentists, and interviewees reported this improved compliance raised professional regulatory body revenues. The review of Government records revealed few references to KHWIS; however, documentation specifically cited the KHWIS as having improved the availability of human resources for health information regarding workforce planning, management, and development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KHWIS data have impacted a range of improvements in health worker regulation, human resources management, and workforce policy and planning at Kenya's ministries of health.
authors.affiliation: Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS-E41, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. kpwaters@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Keith P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zuber
authors.forename: Rankesh M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Willy
authors.forename: Rose N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Kiriinya
authors.forename: Agnes N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Waudo
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oluoch
authors.forename: Francis M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Kimani
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Riley
mesh_terms: D016208:Databases, Factual; D003906:Developing Countries; D063005:Health Information Systems / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006282:Health Personnel; D006285:Health Planning; D006291:Health Policy; D006295:Health Resources / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya; D015233:Models, Statistical; D000078329:Workforce
keywords: Global health; Human resources for health (HRH); Human resources information system (HRIS); Medical informatics; Nursing informatics; Workforce surveillance