title: [Epidemiology of autochthonous leishmaniases in France].
abstract: Leishmania infantum is the only species occurring in metropolitan France; located in the Mediterranean part of the country, it is responsible for a highly enzootic canine disease, while the human endemicity is low, with about 23 cases yearly reported to the National Reference Centre of Leishmaniases, mainly visceral forms. In French Guyana, five Leishmania species occur in the Amazonian forest, of which L. guyanensis is the predominant species, and L. braziliensis is responsible for the most critical forms. The most frequent clinical feature is cutaneous leishmaniasis, with a mean annual incidence reaching 2 p. 1000, with some inter-annual fluctuations. In Martinique Island, recent studies have confirmed the presence of an ancestral Leishmania species, responsible for small cutaneous lesions, of mild evolution; the life cycle of this species remains unknown. In Guadeloupe Island, a few autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis cases have been reported, needing a prospective study.
authors.affiliation: Université Montpellier-1, CHRU de Montpellier, centre national de référence des leishmanioses, département de parasitologie-mycologie, UMR « MIVEGEC » (CNRS 5290, IRD 224, UM1, UM2), 39, avenue Charles-Flahault, 34295 Montpellier cedex, France. Electronic address: parasito@univ-montp1.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dedet
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carme
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Desbois
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bourdoiseau
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lachaud
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pratlong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D002415:Cats; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000469:parasitology; D004199:Disease Vectors; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D004285:Dogs; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005616:French Guiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D062306:Geography, Medical; D019430:Guadeloupe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis; D018334:Leishmania guyanensis; D018314:Leishmania infantum; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000662:veterinary; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000453:epidemiology; D007897:Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous / Q000453:epidemiology; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology; D008395:Martinique / Q000453:epidemiology; D062486:Public Health Surveillance