title: Perspectives on zebrafish models of hallucinogenic drugs and related psychotropic compounds.
abstract: Among different classes of psychotropic drugs, hallucinogenic agents exert one of the most prominent effects on human and animal behaviors, markedly altering sensory, motor, affective, and cognitive responses. The growing clinical and preclinical interest in psychedelic, dissociative, and deliriant hallucinogens necessitates novel translational, sensitive, and high-throughput in vivo models and screens. Primate and rodent models have been traditionally used to study cellular mechanisms and neural circuits of hallucinogenic drugs' action. The utility of zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) in neuroscience research is rapidly growing due to their high physiological and genetic homology to humans, ease of genetic manipulation, robust behaviors, and cost effectiveness. Possessing a fully characterized genome, both adult and larval zebrafish are currently widely used for in vivo screening of various psychotropic compounds, including hallucinogens and related drugs. Recognizing the growing importance of hallucinogens in biological psychiatry, here we discuss hallucinogenic-induced phenotypes in zebrafish and evaluate their potential as efficient preclinical models of drug-induced states in humans.
authors.affiliation: Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium and ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, Louisiana 70458, United States. avkalueff@gmail.com
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Neelkantan
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikhaylova
authors.forename: Adam Michael
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Visar
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gjeloshi
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kondaveeti
authors.forename: Manoj K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Poudel
authors.forename: Allan V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Kalueff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D011600:Psychopharmacology / Q000379:methods; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012201:Reward; D012919:Social Behavior; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006213:Hallucinogens; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs