title: Non-HDL cholesterol vs. apo B for risk of coronary heart disease in healthy individuals: the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is an ongoing debate about the performance of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) compared with apolipoprotein B (apo B) in the prediction of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Therefore, we compared the associations between non-HDL-C and apo B in regard to CHD among apparently healthy Western European individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk prospective population study, 25,639 men and women aged 45-79 years were followed for 11·4 ± 2·8 years. Those with diabetes or prevalent CHD at baseline were excluded. A total of 2066 (12·1%) participants developed CHD during 195 692 person-years follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] of future CHD per one standard deviation increase was 1·22 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1·17-1·27] for LDL-C, 1·26 (95% CI 1·20-1·31) for non-HDL-C and 1·19 (95% CI 1·14-1·24) for apo B, respectively. The multivariable-adjusted HR of future CHD in the highest quartile LDL-C was 1·67 (95% CI: 1·47-1·91). For non-HDL-C and apo B, these respective HRs were 1·87 (95% CI: 1·62-2·15) and 1·56 (95% CI: 1·36-1·78). Kaplan-Meier survival analyses showed that there was incremental and comparable increase in risk of CHD with increasing quartiles of both non-HDL-C and apo B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this prospective study, non-HDL-C and apo B were comparable in their ability to predict risk of future CHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Brigitte M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Sondermeijer
authors.forename: Jamal S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.forename: Benoit J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Arsenault
authors.forename: Prediman K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: John J P
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kastelein
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Wareham
authors.forename: S Matthijs
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Boekholdt
authors.forename: Kay-Tee
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Khaw
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000378:metabolism*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL
keywords: Apolipoprotein B; coronary heart disease; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol