title: Modified serial extraction in a case with missing mandibular second premolars and a brief review of related treatment modalities.
abstract: This article discusses a case of an 8-year-old female child who presented with severe lower anterior crowding and congenitally missing lower second premolars. A conventional serial extraction procedure could not be performed due to the congenital absence of teeth. Instead, planned extraction of a few primary teeth was done to relieve the lower anterior crowding, the results of which were near satisfactory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chalakkal
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Noronha de Ataide
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akkara
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Malhotra
mesh_terms: D000848:Anodontia / Q000628:therapy*; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002648:Child; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible; D009811:Odontometry / Q000379:methods; D024343:Open Bite / Q000628:therapy; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012690:Serial Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000379:methods; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000601:surgery