title: Antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of a novel proteoglycan from ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies on db/db mice and the possible mechanism.
abstract: Previously, we screened a proteoglycan for anti-hyperglycemic, named FYGL, from Ganoderma Lucidum. For further research of the antidiabetic mechanisms of FYGL in vivo, the glucose homeostasis, activities of insulin-sensitive enzymes, glucose transporter expression and pancreatic function were analyzed using db/db mice as diabetic models in the present work. FYGL not only lead to a reduction in glycated hemoglobin level, but also an increase in insulin and C-peptide level, whereas a decrease in glucagons level and showed a potential for the remediation of pancreatic islets. FYGL also increased the glucokinase activities, and simultaneously lowered the phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase activities, accompanied by a reduction in the expression of hepatic glucose transporter protein 2, while the expression of adipose and skeletal glucose transporter protein 4 was increased. Moreover, the antioxidant enzyme activities were also increased by FYGL treatment. Thus, FYGL was an effective antidiabetic agent by enhancing insulin secretion and decreasing hepatic glucose output along with increase of adipose and skeletal muscle glucose disposal in the late stage of diabetes. Furthermore, FYGL is beneficial against oxidative stress, thereby being helpful in preventing the diabetic complications.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Deng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Dang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jiasheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Congheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhixue
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hongjie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D019764:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) / Q000378:metabolism; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020940:Reishi / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001685:Biological Factors; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D005941:Glucokinase; D005947:Glucose; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D019764:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP); D011509:Proteoglycans