title: The peculiarities of winter wheat eyespot management under Lithuanian conditions.
abstract: Research evidence suggests that in Lithuania eyespot incidence in winter wheat crops was from 33 to 60% annually. Climatic conditions are the most important factor influencing the infection of winter wheat by eyespot. The variation of the climatic conditions (rainfall and number of rainy days) in the autumn and spring, the incidence and disease severity index (DSI%) of eyespot in winter wheat were mathematically described by a linear regression. The amount of rainfall during the autumn and spring periods until winter wheat second node stage (15 May) and eyespot incidence at soft dough stage showed a strong statistically significant liner correlation R = 0.789 (P < or = 0.01). During the summer period the amount of rainfall showed a moderate statistically significant liner correlation with disease severity index (DSI%) R = 0.550 (P < or = 0.05). To ascertain the necessity of fungicide use for eyespot control in winter wheat crops under Lithuanian conditions, field experiments were conducted over the 2008-2011 period. A significant reduction in the disease incidence and severity resulting from fungicide application was established only in 2010, when eyespot infection level was the highest. This was determined by one third higher precipitation in the autumn and spring of that year and significantly higher number of rainy days compared with other years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Protection, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1 LT-58344 Akademija, Kedainiai distr., Lithuania. jurate.ramanauskiene@lzi.lt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramanauskiene
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gaurilcikiene
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology; D016014:Linear Models; D008097:Lithuania; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012621:Seasons; D013997:Time Factors; D014908:Triticum / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial