title: High-concentration oxygen and surgical site infections in abdominal surgery: a meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There has been recent interest in using high-concentration oxygen to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs). Previous meta-analyses in this area have produced conflicting results. With the publication of 2 new randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were not included in previous meta-analyses, an updated review is warranted. Our objective was to perform a meta-analysis on RCTs comparing high- and low- concentration oxygen in adults undergoing open abdominal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We completed independent literature reviews using electronic databases, bibliographies and other sources of grey literature to identify relevant studies. We assessed the overall quality of evidence using grade guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed on pooled data from included studies. A priori subgroup analyses were planned to explain statistical and clinical heterogeneity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 6 studies involving a total of 2585 patients met the inclusion criteria. There was no evidence of a reduction in SSIs with high-concentration oxygen (risk ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.50-1.19, p = 0.24). We observed substantial heterogeneity among studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is moderate evidence that high-concentration oxygen does not reduce SSIs in adults undergoing open abdominal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont. sunil.patel@londonhospitals.ca
authors.forename: Sunil V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Shaun C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Coughlin
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Malthaner
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*