title: The interface of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis and circulating brain natriuretic peptide in prediction of cardiopulmonary performance during physical stress.
abstract: Brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) was implicated in the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) responses to psychological stressors. However, HPA axis activation in different physical stress models and its interface with NT-pro-BNP in the prediction of cardiopulmonary performance is unclear. Cardiopulmonary test on a treadmill was used to assess cardiopulmonary parameters in 16 elite male wrestlers (W), 21 water polo player (WP) and 20 sedentary age-matched subjects (C). Plasma levels of NT-pro-BNP, cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were measured using immunoassay sandwich technique, radioimmunoassay and radioimmunometric techniques, respectively, 10min before test (1), at beginning (2), at maximal effort (3), at 3rdmin of recovery (4). In all groups, NT-pro-BNP decreased between 1 and 2; increased from 2 to 3; and remained unchanged until 4. ACTH increased from 1 to 4, whereas cortisol increased from 1 to 3 and stayed elevated at 4. In all groups together, ΔNT-pro-BNP2/1 predicted peak oxygen consumption (B=37.40, r=0.38, p=0.007); cortisol at 3 predicted heart rate increase between 2 and 3 (r=-0.38,B=-0.06, p=0.005); cortisol at 2 predicted peak carbon-dioxide output (B=2.27, r=0.35, p<0.001); ΔACTH3/2 predicted peak ventilatory equivalent for carbon-dioxide (B=0.03, r=0.33, p=0.003). The relation of cortisol at 1 with NT-pro-BNP at 1 and 3 was demonstrated using logistic function in all the participants together (for 1/cortisol at 1 B=63.40, 58.52; r=0.41, 0.34; p=0.003, 0.013, respectively). ΔNT-pro-BNP2/1 linearly correlated with ΔACTH4/3 in WP and W (r=-0.45, -0.48; p=0.04, 0.04, respectively). These results demonstrate for the first time that HPA axis and NT-pro-BNP interface in physical stress probably contribute to integrative regulation of cardiopulmonary performance.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. dejanapopovic@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Dejana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Popovic
authors.forename: Bojana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Popovic
authors.forename: Bosiljka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Plecas-Solarovic
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pešić
authors.forename: Vidan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Markovic
authors.forename: Stanimir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stojiljkovic
authors.forename: Vladan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vukcevic
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Petrovic
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banovic
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petrovic
authors.forename: Bosiljka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vujisic-Tesic
authors.forename: Miodrag C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ostojic
authors.forename: Arsen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ristic
authors.forename: Svetozar S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Damjanovic
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: ACTH; Adrenocorticotropic hormone; BSA; BW; Brain natriuretic peptide; C; CPET; Cardiopulmonary test; Cortisol; DBP; FFM; FM; HPA; HR; Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical axis; N-terminal fragment of brain natriuretic peptide; NT-pro-BNP; SBP; Stress axis; W; WP; adrenocorticotropic hormone; body surface area; body weight; cardiopulmonary exercise test; controls; diastolic arterial blood pressure; fat free mass; fat mass; heart rate; hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical; peak carbon-dioxide output; peak oxygen consumption; peak ventilatory equivalent for carbon-dioxide; peakVCO2; peakVE/VCO2; peakVO2; systolic arterial blood pressure; water polo players; wrestlers