title: Effect of dietary carbohydrate, fat, and protein on postprandial glycemia and energy intake in cats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reducing carbohydrate intake is recommended in diabetic cats and might also be useful in some healthy cats to decrease diabetes risk.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations and energy intakes between cats fed diets high in protein, fat, or carbohydrate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four lean cats with normal glucose tolerance.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective randomized study, each of 3 matched groups (n = 8) received a different test diet for 5 weeks. Diets were high in either protein (46% of metabolizable energy [ME]), fat (47% ME), or carbohydrate (47% ME). Glucose and insulin were measured during glucose tolerance, ad libitum, and meal-feeding tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During ad libitum feeding, cats fed the high-carbohydrate diet consumed 25% and 18% more carbohydrate than cats fed diets high in fat and protein, respectively, and energy intake was highest when the high-fat and high-protein diets were fed. Regardless of the feeding pattern, cats fed the high-carbohydrate diet had 10-31% higher peak and mean glucose compared with both other diets; peak glucose in some cats reached 10.4 mmol/L (188 mg/dL) in cats fed 47% ME carbohydrate and 9.0 mmol/L (162 mg/dL) in cats fed 23% ME.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-carbohydrate diets increase postprandial glycemia in healthy cats compared with diets high in fat or protein, although energy intake is lower. Avoidance of high- and moderate-carbohydrate diets can be advantageous in cats at risk of diabetes. Maintenance energy requirements should be fed to prevent weight gain when switching to lower carbohydrate diets.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Farrow
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rand
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Sunvold
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002415:Cats / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins
keywords: Diet; Feeding pattern; Glucose; Insulin; Type 2 diabetes