title: Anticancer medicines (Doxorubicin and methotrexate) conjugated with magnetic nanoparticles for targeting drug delivery through iron.
abstract: The uptake of iron is increased by cancer cells. Iron magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) can be used as a nanovehicle for immobilization of anticancer medicines and to integrate them at a target site. The anticancer medicines doxorubicin (DOX) and methotrexate (MTX) were immobilized separately and in combination onto MNP by a glutaraldehyde activation method and confirmed by magnetic nanoparticles linked immunosorbent assay (MagLISA) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The phenol peaks of DOX and MTX at 2896.6 cm⁻¹ to 2912.5 cm⁻¹ in FTIR spectra of immobilized medicines indicated the conjugation. Affinity-purified anti-DOX and anti-MTX antibodies were used to evaluate the coupling of DOX and MTX onto MNP, and the binding was found 34.6% to 37.2% and 51.8% to 54.3% separately, respectively. The immobilization of DOX and MTX in combination onto MNP was 18% and 27%, respectively. HeLa and B cells were cultured with DOX-MNP, MTX-MNP, and DOX-MNP-MTX separately, and MagLISA indicated that the binding of DOX-MNP/MTX-MNP was 41.5% to 45% with HeLa cells and 20% to 26% with B cells. No significant difference was observed in binding of DOX-MNP-MTX with HeLa and B cells. Results also indicated that the release of medicines at pH 5.0 is more (39% to 44%) than at pH 7.4 (3.7% to 10.2%). Sixteen to 22% more killing effect was observed on HeLa cells than on B cells. In immunohistochemical staining, more deposition of brown color on HeLa cells than on B cells may be due to more expression of iron-binding sites on cancer cells. The dual property of MNP can be used for binding of medicines and for targeting drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. samra201@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Zahoor Qadir
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Samra
authors.forename: Snober
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Mehwish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Javeid
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dar
authors.forename: Muhammad Shahbaz
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Aslam
authors.forename: Iram
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gull
authors.forename: Mubashar Mustaneer
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010316:Particle Size; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D004317:Doxorubicin; D007501:Iron; D005976:Glutaral; D008727:Methotrexate