title: Safety and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart 30 in different age-groups: a1chieve sub-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Effective management of type 2 diabetes requires sustained glycemic control over many years, which can be particularly challenging for elderly people. This sub-analysis of the A1chieve study evaluated the clinical safety and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart 30 in 3 age-groups (≤40, >40-65, and >65 years) of previously insulin-experienced and insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A1chieve was an international, multicenter, prospective, open-label, non-interventional, 24-week study in people with type 2 diabetes who had been receiving anti-diabetes medication before starting, or switching to, therapy with biphasic insulin aspart 30, insulin detemir or insulin aspart (alone or in combination) in routine clinical practice. This sub-analysis evaluated clinical safety and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart 30 (±oral glucose-lowering drugs) in different age-groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data on 40,122 participants were included. In all age-groups, the proportion of participants experiencing any hypoglycemia, major hypoglycemia or nocturnal hypoglycemia was significantly reduced from baseline, except for the following in insulin-naïve patients: a significant increase in any hypoglycemia in patients aged >65 years; no change in any hypoglycemia, major hypoglycemia, and nocturnal hypoglycemia in patients aged >40-65, ≤40, and >65 years, respectively. Significant improvements at 24 weeks vs. baseline were observed in insulin-experienced and insulin-naïve participants for: glycated hemoglobin (change from baseline ranged from -1.8% to -2.4%); fasting plasma glucose (from -3.0 to -4.3 mmol/l); post-breakfast post-prandial plasma glucose (from -4.1 to -6.5 mmol/l); and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Sixteen serious adverse drug reactions were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After 24-week treatment with biphasic insulin aspart 30, all age-groups of insulin-experienced and insulin-naïve patients experienced significantly improved glycemic control and HRQoL; incidence of hypoglycemia was generally reduced. The tolerability and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart 30 may benefit all age-groups.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Centre (Firouzgar), Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ebrahim
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Khamseh
authors.forename: Jihad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.forename: Wenying
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Alexey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zilov
authors.forename: Ole Molskov
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Bech
authors.forename: Mohammad Imtiaz
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hasan