title: Coordinated regulation of adipose tissue macrophages by cellular and nutritional signals.
abstract: The current epidemic of obesity is fueling a global rise in non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherothrombotic disease, and cancer. Obesity is associated with systemic inflammation, with various fat-derived inflammatory factors being implicated in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. The infiltration of various types of inflammatory cells into adipose tissue seems to be an important mechanism whereby nutrient excess contributes to systemic insulin resistance. In particular, adipose tissue macrophages are abundant in obese adipose tissue, and may be the source of the majority of fat-derived circulating inflammatory factors. This review examines recent studies exploring mechanisms whereby cellular and nutritional signals mediate macrophage recruitment to adipose tissue and their pro-inflammatory activation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Har
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hawkins
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology