title: Two cases of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy in metastatic cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) is rarely associated with cholangiocarcinoma (CC), and represents dismal prognosis. A 63-year-old male was admitted for evaluation of an intrahepatic mass. He was diagnosed with HHM associated with locally advanced CC. As the tumor responded to the concurrent chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin, serum calcium level was normalized. However, according to the disease progression, he suffered recurrence of HHM and he expired approximately one year after initial diagnosis. A 68-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain was diagnosed with metastatic CC. After the eighth cycle of gemcitabine and cisplatin, progression of the disease was found with HHM. He was treated with the best supportive care, until his demise approximately one month after the diagnosis of HHM. We report on two cases of HHM associated with CC that demonstrate strong correlation between hypercalcemia and disease burden.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seungtaek
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Jungwoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Kyeong Hye
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Won Jai
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Yong Kang
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ara
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Young Jae
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong-Chan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: Cholangiocarcinoma; Hypercalcemia; Parathyroid hormone-related protein