title: Anandamide modulates the neuroendocrine responses induced by extracellular volume expansion.
abstract: (1) The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of anandamide (AEA), an inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase activity (URB597) and a CB1 receptor (CB1 R) antagonist (AM251) on the homeostatic responses elicited by extracellular volume expansion (EVE) in male adult rats. (2) Pretreatment with AEA (100 ng/4 μL) significantly reduced the effect of hypertonic (H-) EVE on plasma concentrations of prolactin (PRL), oxytocin (OT) and corticosterone, but not vasopressin (AVP). Administration of URB597 (20 μg/5 μL) alone significantly reduced PRL, OT, AVP and corticosterone in the H-EVE group. Conversely, URB597 and AEA had no significant effect on basal hormone concentrations. Pretreatment with AM251 (200 ng/2 μL) potentiated OT but did not change AVP plasma levels in the H-EVE group. (3) Hypertonic EVE significantly increased AVP and OT mRNA expression in the supraoptic nucleus (SON), an effect that was blunted in AEA-pretreated rats. Pretreatment with AEA did not change the percentage of vasopressinergic or oxytocinergic neurons colocalizing c-Fos in the SON, but increased nitrate concentrations in the median eminence of animals subjected to H-EVE. (4) The present data suggest that: (i) vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons may be differentially affected by AEA; (ii) activation of CB1 R may restrain the response of the neurohypophyseal system (NHS) to EVE; (iii) the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, PRL and the NHS may still be sensitive to AEA after EVE, with these effects probably not dependent on AEA metabolism; and (iv) AEA and nitric oxide could interact in vivo as modulators to directly control stress-induced responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ruginsk
authors.forename: Ernane T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Uchoa
authors.forename: Lucila Lk
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Antunes-Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002219:Carbamates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D063388:Endocannabinoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D057967:Infusions, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D008473:Median Eminence / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases
chemical_list: D000581:Amidohydrolases; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D001549:Benzamides; D002219:Carbamates; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009566:Nitrates; D010121:Oxytocin; D010880:Piperidines; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D011720:Pyrazoles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D014667:Vasopressins; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases; C500528:cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl ester; C103505:AM 251; C078814:anandamide
keywords: anandamide; corticosterone; nitric oxide; oxytocin; prolactin; type 1 cannabinoid receptor; vasopressin