title: Retrospective study of pregnant women placed under expectant management for persistent hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the clinicopathological characteristics of pregnant women who presented with intermittent hemorrhage occurring throughout pregnancy until delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 women with intermittent hemorrhage occurring throughout pregnancy were categorized into two groups, a group with persistent subchorionic hematoma (PSH) and another with chronic abruption (CA), and the pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. The data were expressed as medians (range).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 18 women in the PSH group and 6 women in the CA group. The median gestational age at delivery was 27.9 (22.1-33.4) weeks in the PSH group and 32.9 (24.3-33.1) weeks in the CA group, revealing a significantly earlier gestational age at delivery in the former group (p = 0.014). The percentage of the women developing acute abruption tended to be higher in the CA group [66.7 % (4/6)] than in the PSH group [26.3 % (5/18)]. Small for gestational age (SGA) infants and neonatal chronic lung disease were seen at high incidences, but only in the PSH group [21.1 % (4/18) and 42.1 % (8/18), respectively].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PSH was associated with earlier gestational age at delivery, a higher incidence of SGA infants, and poorer pregnancy outcomes than CA.
authors.affiliation: Perinatal Center for Maternity and Neonate, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecyou, Minami-ku, Yokahama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan, smyyaoki@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inagaki
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurasawa
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Tsuneo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Fumiki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hirahara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006406:Hematoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D057832:Watchful Waiting