title: Management of radiation-induced early nasal adhesion after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study investigates the conservative management of radiation-induced early nasal adhesion after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2008 to June 2010, patients with bilateral or unilateral early nasal adhesion after radiotherapy for NPC were selected. All patients received endoscopic management and then nasal irrigation daily and nasal steroids spray for at least 3 months. All of the clinical data and follow-up endoscopy were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 40 patients enrolled. The mean follow-up period was 19.6 months (range, 12-24 months) after procedure. Thirty-eight patients (95%) had patent nasal cavity during follow-up. Two patients (5%) had not received endoscopy regularly and developed severe fibrosis. For the whole group, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, hyposmia, and xerostomia all were improved from before management according to visual analog score (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therapeutic endoscopy in combination with nasal steroid sprays and nasal irrigation provides a convenient, simple, effective, and minimally invasive therapy to treat early radiation-induced nasal adhesion patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fa-ya
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.forename: Zou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiu-jian
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao-yu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rui-Chen
authors.forename: Huang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao-Ming
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055556:Nasal Lavage / Q000379:methods; D059085:Nasal Sprays; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D059085:Nasal Sprays