title: Effect of HMGB1/NF-κB in hyperbaric oxygen treatment on decreasing injury caused by skin flap grafts in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Skin flap grafting (SFG) is a common surgical operation, and hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) is an important strategy for restoring the grafted skin flap. Thus, we employed a rat skin flap grafting model treated with HBO, and expression levels of high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) and NF-kappaB (nuclear factor-kappaB) were characterized.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: (1) sham-operation (SH), (2) ischemia followed by reperfusion 3 days after operation (IR3d), (3) ischemia followed by reperfusion 5 days after operation (IR5d), (4) ischemia followed by reperfusion and HBOT 3 days after operation (HBO3d), and (5) ischemia followed by reperfusion and HBOT 5 days after operation (HBO5d). Elevated pedicled skin flaps were designed (size, 9 cm × 6 cm), and feeding vessels were clamped. The microvascular clamp was removed 3 h later and flow was restored. In the HBO3d and HBO5d groups, rats received 1 h of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) starting immediately after surgery for 3 days and 5 days, respectively. Upon completion of animal experiments, rats were euthanized by general anesthesia, and blood samples were taken for testing. The tissues were sectioned for western blotting and immunohistochemical staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of HMGB1 and NF-κB proteins in the HBO groups was lower than in the IR groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that HBOT can be used to reduce ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of skin flap grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 13322813330@189.cn  
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J-W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006085:Graft Survival; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016038:Skin Transplantation
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C104200:Hbp1 protein, rat; D016328:NF-kappa B