title: Effect of Zingiber officinale essential oil on Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin production.
abstract: The antifungal activity of ginger essential oil (GEO; Zingiber officinale Roscoe) was evaluated against Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of GEO was determined by micro-broth dilution. The effects of GEO on fumonisin and ergosterol production were evaluated at concentrations of 500-5000 μg/mL in liquid medium with a 5mm diameter mycelial disc of F. verticillioides. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that the predominant components of GEO were α-zingiberene (23.9%) and citral (21.7%). GEO exhibited inhibitory activity, with a MIC of 2500 μg/mL, and 4000 and 5000 μg/mL reduced ergosterol biosynthesis by 57% and 100%, respectively. The inhibitory effect on fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2) production was significant at GEO concentrations of 4000 and 2000 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the inhibition of fungal biomass and fumonisin production was dependent on the concentration of GEO. These results suggest that GEO was able to control the growth of F. verticillioides and subsequent fumonisin production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Milene Mayumi Garcia
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Yamamoto-Ribeiro
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grespan
authors.forename: Cássia Yumie
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Kohiyama
authors.forename: Flavio Dias
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Simone Aparecida Galerani
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mossini
authors.forename: Expedito Leite
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Benicio Alves de Abreu
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.forename: Jane Martha Graton
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mikcha
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Machinski
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D037341:Fumonisins; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils
keywords: Antifungal; Antimycotoxigenic activity; Ergosterol; Fusarium verticillioides; Ginger; Mycotoxins