title: Prevalence of and associations with reduced exercise capacity in peritoneal dialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exercise capacity is reduced in patients with end-stage renal disease on maintenance home peritoneal dialysis therapy, although the potential mechanisms and clinical implications remain unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  95 ambulatory prevalent and incident peritoneal dialysis patients in a well-established renal dialysis center (mean age, 58.26 ± 12.6 [SD] years; 63% men; mean duration of peritoneal dialysis therapy, 3.2 ± 4.1 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Estimated volume status using spectral bioelectrical impedance, echocardiography-derived hemodynamic parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exercise capacity measured as peak oxygen consumption using symptom-limiting treadmill exercise testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exercise capacity was reduced in 96% of patients and severely reduced in 65%. Extracellular to intracellular fluid volume ratio showed the strongest correlation with reduced exercise capacity (R = -0.63; P < 0.001) and was superior to age, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (E:E' ratio), lean tissue mass index, and hemoglobin and albumin levels in predicting exercise intolerance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Relatively small sample size and echocardiogram that was performed only at rest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a strong relationship between body extracellular to intracellular fluid volume ratio and exercise capacity in peritoneal dialysis patients. These findings provide new evidence for a connection between fluid distribution, muscle mass, and exercise capacity. Therapeutic strategies targeting fluid status and muscle mass may improve the exercise capacity of patients on peritoneal dialysis therapy.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Echocardiography, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chendu, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Liang
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Wen-Sheng
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Terence
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Kwok-Fai
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Kai-Hang
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yiu
authors.forename: Sing-Leung
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lui
authors.forename: Hung-Fat
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Chung-Wah
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Siu
authors.forename: Wai-Kei
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Exercise capacity; end-stage renal disease