title: Correlation between endodontic broken instrument and nickel level in urine.
abstract: This study aims to evaluate the correlation between the presences of separated endodontic instrument inside the dental canal and the nickel (Ni) level in the urine samples of subjected patients. Same-gendered and near-aged participants were selected and were instructed to collect their urine in sterile nickel-free plastic containers. The procedures were carried out in the office, and samples were stored in low-temperature cooler for 1 day and then they were transferred to the laboratory for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The level of Ni was measured and the correlation coefficient was calculated. Data were analyzed using t tests, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and linear regression analysis, at a level of significance P < 0.05. The statistical analysis has showed significant difference in Ni level between endodontic and control groups (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between Ni level in urine and the age or time period of broken instrument inside the canal; however, Ni level of urine and the age of participants in experimental group has demonstrated a positive correlation. The amount of Ni element can be increased in the urine of patients who have experienced broken endodontic instrument inside the dental canal. However, there is no positive correlation between the remaining pieces of instruments inside the canal and the elevation of nickel amount in urine during the tested time period. This issue suggested that the aging of remaining broken instrument inside the canal does not show any remarkable concern regarding the Ni elevation in the urine excreted by an individual.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. saghiri@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Saghiri
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sheibani
authors.forename: Franklin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Garcia-Godoy
authors.forename: Armen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asatourian
authors.forename: Peiman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mehriar
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scarbecz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D003759:Dental Implantation, Endosseous, Endodontic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009532:Nickel / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D009532:Nickel