title: Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine uptake in adolescent boys and maternal utilization of preventive care and history of sexually transmitted infections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined whether maternal utilization of preventive care and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) predicted quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV4) uptake among adolescent boys 1 year following the recommendation for permissive use of HPV4 for males.
  
  
  METHODS
  We linked maternal information with electronic health records of 254 489 boys aged 9 to 17 years who enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Southern California health plan from October 21, 2009, through December 21, 2010. We used multivariable Poisson regression with robust error variance to examine whether HPV4 initiation was associated with maternal uptake of influenza vaccine, Papanicolaou (Pap) screening, and history of STIs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified a modest but statistically significant association between initiation of HPV4 series and maternal receipt of influenza vaccine (rate ratio [RR] = 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07, 1.26) and Pap screening (RR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.26). Boys whose mothers had a history of genital warts were more likely to initiate HPV4 (RR = 1.47; 95% CI = 0.93, 2.34), although the association did not reach statistical significance (P = .1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal utilization of preventive care and history of genital warts may influence HPV4 uptake among adolescent boys. The important role of maternal health characteristics and health behaviors needs be considered in intervention efforts to increase vaccine uptake among boys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA. Rulin.C.Hechter@kp.org
authors.forename: Rulin C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hechter
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Lina S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Sy
authors.forename: Bradley K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Ackerson
authors.forename: Jeff M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Slezak
authors.forename: Margo A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sidell
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D000068857:Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011315:Preventive Medicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D000068857:Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines