title: Whole brain perfusion measurements using arterial spin labeling with multiband acquisition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The multiband (MB) excitation and reconstruction technique was both developed and evaluated for accelerated data acquisition of arterial spin labeling (ASL) to cover whole brain perfusion maps.
  
  
  METHODS
  MB excitation was incorporated into a pulsed ASL (PASL) technique and compared with conventional single-band excitation PASL from healthy subjects, using a 32-channel head receiver coil at 3 T. The MB de-aliasing performance and effectiveness in perfusion measurement were measured with varying MB acceleration factors and gaps between MB excitations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MB PASL perfusion maps were in good agreement with the conventional single-band PASL maps at matched slices. The imaging coverage could be effectively extended with the MB technique by a factor up to 5. A gap as small as 3 cm between MB excitations resulted in a comparable ASL signal loss and temporal-signal-to-noise ratio with single-band PASL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MB ASL technique is an effective method to evaluate whole brain perfusion because it minimizes the temporal spread of labeled spins across slices, resulting in more accurate perfusion measurements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Tae
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Wanyong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Tiejun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Erik B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Beall
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: Kyongtae T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels
keywords: arterial spin labeling; cerebral blood flow; multiband; multislice; perfusion; simultaneous multislice (SMS) acquisition; whole brain