title: Antioxidant effects of resveratrol in cardiovascular, cerebral and metabolic diseases.
abstract: Resveratrol-a natural polyphenolic compound-was first discovered in the 1940s. Although initially used for cancer therapy, it has shown beneficial effects against most cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. A large part of these effects are related to its antioxidant properties. Here we review: (a) the sources, the metabolism, and the bioavailability of resveratrol; (b) the ability of resveratrol to modulate redox signalling and to interact with multiple molecular targets of diverse intracellular pathways; (c) its protective effects against oxidative damage in cardio-cerebro-vascular districts and metabolic disorders such as diabetes; and (d) the evidence for its efficacy and toxicity in humans. The overall aim of this review is to discuss the frontiers in the field of resveratrol's mechanisms, bioactivity, biology, and health-related use.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS INM Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy.
authors.forename: Albino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrizzo
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Damato
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Trimarco
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salzano
authors.forename: Michelangelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bartolo
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maciag
authors.forename: Annibale A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Puca
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vecchione
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013267:Stilbenes; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Antioxidant; Brain; Cardiovascular; Diabetes; Nitric oxide; Oxidative stress