title: Rathke cleft cyst. MRI criteria for presumptive diagnosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define MRI criteria for the presumptive diagnosis of Rathke cleft cyst (RCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and three patient MRI scans suggesting RCC performed between January 2005 and January 2011 were retrospectively reviewed for indications, cyst location, T1 and T2 signal intensity, dimensions, encroachment on optic chiasm, enhancement pattern, and stability over a year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 103 patients analyzed, the suggestion of RCC was an incidental finding in 82.5% (n=85) of patients. Headache was the most common symptom in 11.6% (n=12), visual field deficit in 3.8% (n=4), and both headache and visual field deficit in 0.97% (n=1). The cyst was hyperintense on T1 in 55.3% (n=57), hypointense in 27.1% (n=28), and isointense in 17.4% (n=18). The cyst was T2 hyperintense in 57.2% (n=59), and iso-hypointense in 42.7% (n=54). The cyst showed no enhancement in 80.5% (n=83), and a thin marginal enhancement in 19.4% (n=20). The cyst showed a stable appearance in 99% (n=102) of patients after at least one year follow-up MRI study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rathke cleft cysts typically have a cystic appearance with T1 hyperintensity, sometimes with T1 iso- or hypointensity, variable T2 signal, and no or thin marginal enhancement and remain stable in size over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35249-6830, USA. santhosh.gaddikeri@gmail.com
authors.forename: Santhosh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaddikeri
authors.forename: Surjith
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vattoth
authors.forename: Kristen O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: DeHoff
authors.forename: Charles B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Justin T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Combs
authors.forename: Glenn H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Roberson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020863:Central Nervous System Cysts / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult