title: Evaluation of vaginal cysts and masses by 3-dimensional endovaginal and endoanal sonography.
abstract: The purpose of this pictorial essay is to describe the utility of 3-dimensional endovaginal and endoanal sonography in the assessment of vulvovaginal cysts and masses. It is accepted that compared with transabdominal pelvic sonography, transvaginal end-fire sonography provides improved resolution for visualization of female reproductive organs with fewer artifacts. To visualize the structures that are located in or lateral to the vaginal canal, side-fire 3-dimensional endovaginal or endoanal sonography can be used. This special technique has the advantage of maintaining the spatial anatomic relationship of any abnormality in the vagina.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73190 USA. abbas-shobeiri@ouhsc.edu
authors.forename: S Abbas
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shobeiri
authors.forename: Ghazaleh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rostaminia
authors.forename: Dena
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Lieschen H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Quiroz
authors.forename: Mikio A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nihira
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003560:Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D014625:Vaginal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: 3-dimensional endovaginal sonography; cyst; diverticulum; vaginal mass