title: Recyclable porous polymer-supported copper catalysts for Glaser and Huisgen 1,3-diolar cycloaddition reactions.
abstract: A family of polymer-attached phenanthrolines was prepared from solvothermal copolymerization of divinylbenzene with N-(1,10-phenanthroline-5-yl)acrylamide in different ratios. The polymer-supported copper catalysts were obtained through typical impregnation with copper(II) salts. The polymers and supported copper catalysts have been characterized by N2 adsortion, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG); they exhibit a high surface area, hierarchical porosity, large pore volume, and high thermal and chemical stabilities. The copper catalyst has proved to be highly active for Glaser homocoupling of alkynes and Huisgen 1,3-diolar cycloaddition of alkynes with benzyl azide under mild conditions at low catalyst loading. The heterogeneous copper catalyst is more active than commonly used homogeneous and nonporous polystyrene-supported copper catalysts. In particular, the catalyst is easily recovered and can be recycled at least ten times without any obvious loss in catalytic activity. Metal leaching was prevented due to the strong binding ability of phenanthroline and products were not contaminated with copper, as determined by ICP analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028 (P. R. China), Fax: (+86) 571-88273698.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhonfei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Yuyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Qinming
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Longfeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiangju
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Wanzhi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Feng-Shou
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D061565:Cycloaddition Reaction; D010618:Phenanthrolines / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity
chemical_list: D010618:Phenanthrolines; D011108:Polymers; D003300:Copper
keywords: Glaser coupling; Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition; copper; heterogeneous catalysis; phenanthroline ligand; polymers