title: Electrophysiology and biochemical analysis of cyclocreatine uptake and effect in hippocampal slices.
abstract: In in vitro mouse hippocampal slices we investigated whether cyclocreatine is capable of entering brain cells independently of the creatine transporter and if it reproduces the neuroprotective effect of creatine. Our study shows that cyclocreatine does not increase the creatine content, but is taken up as such and then phosphorylated to phosphocyclocreatine. This uptake is largely blocked by inactivation of the creatine transporter, however some cyclocreatine is taken up and posphorylated even after such inactivation. Thus, cyclocreatine sets up a cyclocreatine/phosphocyclocreatine system in the brain independently of the creatine transporter. Cyclocreatine did not delay the disappearance of the evoked synaptic potentials during anoxia in hippocampal slices, unlike creatine which exerts a neuroprotective effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy. adriano@neurologia.unige.it
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Enrico
authors.forename: Garbati
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Patrizia
authors.forename: Perasso
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luisa
authors.forename: Parodi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alessandro
authors.forename: Lunardi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gianluigi
authors.forename: Gandolfo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carlo
authors.forename: Balestrino
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maurizio
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003404:Creatinine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D006146:Guanidines / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011422:Propionates / Q000378:metabolism; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006146:Guanidines; D011422:Propionates; D010725:Phosphocreatine; C012260:cyclocreatine; D003404:Creatinine; C005775:guanidinopropionic acid