title: Premature senescence and cellular phenotype transformation of mesangial cells induced by TGF-B1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily of cytokines and performs many cellular functions. Its overexpression may lead to renal fibrosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study planed to investigate the effects of TGF-β1 on the cell cycle and phenotype of mesangial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat mesangial cells were cultured together with different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 ng/mL) of TGF-β1 for specified times from 0 min to 72 h. 0 ng/mL TGF-β1 and 0 min served as controls. Cell cycles were assessed by flow cytometry and α-smooth muscle actin expression (α-SMA) protein expression by western blot analysis. All data were presented as Mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed by using one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis. Results were considered significant at p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 15 min of co-culture with different concentrations of TGF-β1, the percentage of mesangial cells in G0/G1 phase was significantly elevated compared to the control (p < 0.05). 12 h co-culture induced cell hyperplasia, 24 h co-culture obvious up-regulation of α-SMA (p < 0.01) and one or two cells' myofibroblast phenotype transition, and 36 h co-culture several cells' phenotype transition. Correlation analysis prompted that the TGF-β1-induced premature aging was time-dependent (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TGF-β1 may induce mesangial cells' premature senescence and myofibroblast-like phenotype transformation time-dependently, which may contribute to the development of early stage of glomerulosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Rong-Guo
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Juan-Juan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Rong-Liang
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xi-Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhao-Yang
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Li-Ning
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Li-Qun
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Lin-Ting
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000187:drug effects*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D050527:Mesangial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1