title: Administration of chemotherapy with palliative intent in the last 30 days of life: the balance between palliation and chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Appropriately timed cessation of chemotherapy is an important aspect of good quality palliative care. There is wide variation in the reported rates of chemotherapy administration within the last 30 days of life.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify predictors of death within 30 days of receiving palliative chemotherapy, and to propose a standard definition by which oncologists and cancer centres can be compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who received palliative chemotherapy at a regional cancer centre and its rural outreach unit between 2009 and 2011 were included. An adjusted logistic regression model, including all variables, was fit to identify predictors of death within 30 days of receiving palliative chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over a 3-year period, 1131 patients received palliative chemotherapy, 138 (12%) died within 30 days of receiving palliative chemotherapy. Predictors of death within 30 days of palliative chemotherapy were: less than 30 days contact with palliative care (odds ratio 3.30 (95% confidence interval 2.04-5.34), P < 0.001) and male gender (odds ratio 2.02 (95% confidence interval 1.24-3.31), P = 0.0049), but treating clinician, tumour chemoresponsiveness, age, body mass index and survival from initial diagnosis were not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients who received chemotherapy in the last 30 days of life were more likely to be male and have a shorter duration of palliative care team involvement. In this study, the observed rate of death within 30 days of chemotherapy is within the range of published data. It is recommended that a standard definition be used to benchmark medical oncology centres and individual oncologists, and to allow comparison over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Mercy Hospice, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zdenkowski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cavenagh
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bisquera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bonaventura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: advanced cancer; chemotherapy; end of life; palliative care