title: Velopharyngeal incompetence as a complication of Grisel syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Tweel
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Elmaraghy
mesh_terms: D001268:Atlanto-Axial Joint / Q000293:injuries*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D012399:Rotation; D013577:Syndrome; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014143:Traction; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Grisel syndrome; atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation; cranial nerve palsy; dysphagia; dysphonia; neurologic complication; torticollis