title: Liver X receptor α inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation through up-regulation of FoxO1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy of adolescents and young adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed liver X receptor α (LXRα) mRNA expression in 16 pairs of human osteosarcoma tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Moreover, we investigated LXRα's potential role in regulating cell proliferation in Saos-2 and U2OS cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that activation of LXRα, a member of nuclear receptor, was able to inhibit cell proliferation in Saos-2 and U2OS cells. At the molecular level, our results further revealed that expression of tumor suppressor gene, FoxO1, was up-regulated by LXRα activation. LXRα activates FoxO1 transcription through a direct binding on its promoter region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LXRα acts as a tumor suppressor for osteosarcoma, which may offer a new way in molecular targeting cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China. Yue_wenChang@126.com
authors.forename: Yue-wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yong-fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yue-long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Xin-feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Zhi-qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shu-qiang
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jin-hao
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Hong-sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Zhan
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; C085126:FOXO1 protein, human; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605213:NR1H3 protein, human; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27