title: Investigation of the antioxidant status in multiple myeloma patients: effects of therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiple myeloma is a malignant silent incurable plasma cell disorder. The present study aimed to assessed the activation of the oxidative stress pathway in affected patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine deaminase (ADA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels, glutathione, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), α-tocopherol (vitamin E) in addition to related enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-R) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed in sixty patients with multiple myeloma before and after one month treatment with induction therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the study showed a significant elevation in AOPPs, MDA, ADA levels in patients with multiple myeloma before and after treatment in comparison to healthy control samples In contrast TAC glutathione, vitamin C and E, and the antioxidant enzymes levels were decreased significantly. On comparing samples of MM patients after treatment, there was significant increase of TAC glutathione, vitamin C and E, and the antioxidant enzymes in parallel with decreasing AOPPs, MDA and ADA levels in comparison with samples of patients before treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate oxidative stress and DNA damage activity increase in MM and are alleviated in response to therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Baghdad, Health and Medical Technical College, Baghdad, Iraq. waadmwa@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Wesen A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Mehdi
authors.forename: Jwan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zainulabdeen
authors.forename: Atheer A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mehde
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000097:blood; D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products / Q000097:blood; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; D005978:Glutathione; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid