title: Raman spectroscopic investigation of the chemopreventive response of naringenin and its nanoparticles in DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis.
abstract: Raman spectroscopy is a vibrational spectroscopic technique that can be used to optically probe the biomolecular changes associated with tumor progression. The aim of the present study is to investigate the biomolecular changes in chemopreventive response of prepared naringenin-loaded nanoparticles (NARNPs) relative to efficacy of free naringenin (NAR) during 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral carcinogenesis by Fourier Transform Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopy. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was developed in the buccal pouch of golden Syrian hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14weeks. Raman spectra differed significantly between the control and tumor tissues, with tumors showing higher percentage signals for nucleic acids, phenylalanine and tryptophan and a lower in the percentage of phospholipids. Moreover, oral administration of free NAR and NARNPs significantly increased phospholipids and decreased the levels of tryptophan, phenylalanine and nucleic acid contents. On a comparative basis, NARNPs was found to have a more potent antitumor effect than free NAR in completely preventing the formation of squamous cell carcinoma and in improving the biochemical status to a normal range in DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis. The present study further suggest that Raman spectroscopy could be a valuable tool for rapid and sensitive detection of specific biomolecular changes in response to chemopreventive agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India. nskumarphyamu@gmail.com
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krishnakumar
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sulfikkarali
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manoharan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Venkatachalam
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D000818:Animals; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D018890:Chemoprevention; D006224:Cricetinae; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D044950:Flavanones; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; C005273:naringenin
keywords: Hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis; Nanoparticle; Naringenin; Raman spectroscopy