title: The role of L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in bacterial translocation.
abstract: This study investigated the nitric oxide (NO) role as a mediator of arginine on bacterial translocation (BT) and gut damage in mice after intestinal obstruction (IO). The effects of pretreatment with arginine with or without NO inhibition on the systemic and local immunological response were also assessed. Mice were categorized into four groups. Group ARG received chow containing 2 % arginine, while group ARG + L-NAME received the same diet plus L-NAME (N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) by gavage. The IO and Sham groups were fed standard chow. After 7 days, animals were gavaged with radiolabeled Escherichia coli, anesthetized and subjected to IO, except the Sham group. Animals were euthanized after 18 h, and BT was evaluated in the mesenteric lymph nodes, blood, liver, spleen and lungs. In another experiment, the intestinal injury was assessed regarding intestinal permeability and ileum histological analyses. Intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels, serum IFN-γ and IL-10 cytokines were assessed. Arginine reduced BT, but NO inhibition enhanced BT compared with the ARG group (p < 0.05). Intestinal permeability in the ARG and ARG + L-NAME groups was similar but decreased when compared with the IO group (p < 0.05). Histological preservation was observed. Arginine treatment increased IL-10 and sIgA levels when compared with the Sham and IO groups (p < 0.05). The cytokines and sIgA concentrations were similar in the ARG + L-NAME and Sham groups. Arginine appeared to reduce BT and its effects on the modulation of cytokines and secretory IgA in mice after IO are mediated by NO production.
authors.affiliation: Food Science Post-Graduation Program, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Pharmacy School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30161-970, Brazil, mirellelomar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mirelle Lomar
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Viana
authors.forename: Rosana das Graças Carvalho
authors.initials: Rd
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: Simone de Vasconcelos
authors.initials: Sde V
authors.lastname: Generoso
authors.forename: Jacques Robert
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Nicoli
authors.forename: Flaviano Dos Santos
authors.initials: Fdos S
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: José Augusto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nogueira-Machado
authors.forename: Rosa Maria Esteves
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Arantes
authors.forename: Maria Isabel Toulson Davisson
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.forename: Valbert Nascimento
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Cardoso
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018988:Bacterial Translocation; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine