title: Omega-3 fatty acids can reverse the long-term deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity caused by prenatal ethanol exposure.
abstract: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders result in long-lasting neurological deficits including decreases in synaptic plasticity and deficits in learning and memory. In this study we examined the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on hippocampal synaptic plasticity in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Furthermore, we looked at the capacity for postnatal dietary intervention to rescue deficits in synaptic plasticity. Animals were fed an omega-3 enriched diet from birth until adulthood (PND55-70) and in vivo electrophysiology was performed by stimulating the medial perforant path input to the dentate gyrus and recording field excitatory post-synaptic potentials. LTP was induced by administering bursts of five 400 Hz pulses as a theta-patterned train of stimuli (200 ms inter-burst interval). Ethanol-exposed adult males, but not females, exhibited a significant reduction in LTP. This deficit in male animals was completely reversed with an omega-3 enriched diet. These results demonstrate that omega-3 fatty acids can have benefits following prenatal neuropathological insults and may be a viable option for alleviating some of the neurological deficits associated with FASD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Sciences, Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Anna R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Patten
authors.forename: Helle M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Sickmann
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: Sheila M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Innis
authors.forename: Brian R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Christie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: ANOVA; BAC; CNS; DHA; FASD; Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; GD; In vivo electrophysiology; LTP; Long-term potentiation; N-methyl-d-aspartate; NMDA; Omega-3 fatty acids; PND; PNEE; PUFA; SEM; Sex-differences; TBS; analysis of variance; blood alcohol concentration; central nervous system; docosahexaenoic acid; fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; gestational day; long-term potentiation; polyunsaturated fatty acid; postnatal day; prenatal ethanol exposure; standard error of the mean; theta-burst stimulation.