title: A study to evaluate mobility of teeth during menstrual cycle using Periotest.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Over a century, an increased prevalence of gingival disease associated with increasing plasma sex steroid hormone levels has been reported. These situations present unique challenges to the oral health care professional. It is believed that hormonal fluctuations such as those associated with pregnancy, menstruation, and use of hormonal contraceptives lead to an increase in tooth mobility. However, this effect of female sex hormones on periodontal ligament and tooth supporting alveolar bone has rarely been investigated. So this study was undertaken to understand the effect on tooth mobility because of hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mobility of index teeth 16, 13, 21, 23, 24, 36, 33, 41, 43, and 44 was measured with Periotest in 50 females at menstruation, ovulation, and premenstruation time points. Simplified oral hygiene index, plaque index, gingival index, and probing depth were also evaluated during the different phases of menstrual cycle for each subject participating in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The results of the study were subjected to statistical analysis. Data analysis was done by applying Z test for comparing difference between two sample means.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The stages of menstrual cycle had no significant influence on the Periotest value. Despite no significant change in plaque levels, GI was significantly higher during ovulation and premenstruation time points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No change in tooth mobility was seen during the phases of the menstrual cycle. However, an exaggerated gingival response was seen during ovulation and premenstruation time when the entire menstrual cycle was observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Bhabha Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Poonam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Marawar
authors.forename: Girish
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Byakod
authors.forename: Jyoti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mohitey
authors.forename: Sunil S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mishra
keywords: Gingival condition; hormonal changes; menstruation; periotest value; tooth mobility