title: Low serum testosterone is associated with atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women undergoing hemodialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Low serum testosterone levels have been recently linked to endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and worse outcomes in male hemodialysis patients. We tested the hypothesis that low serum testosterone levels are also associated with atherosclerosis risk factors in postmenopausal women undergoing hemodialysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured serum testosterone in 115 confirmed postmenopausal ethnically Japanese women undergoing hemodialysis with mean age of 68.1 ± 10.6 years and median dialysis vintage of 73 months. The severity of atherosclerosis was evaluated by carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). In addition, we also included a control cohort of 32 age-matched postmenopausal women without chronic kidney disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum testosterone was significantly lower in women undergoing hemodialysis than in age-matched controls. Women undergoing hemodialysis who had undetectable testosterone concentration presented higher cIMT and higher CAVI than women undergoing hemodialysis with testosterone concentration above detection limits (P < 0.05 for all). Multiple logistic regression analyses confirmed the independence of these associations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum testosterone levels in postmenopausal women undergoing hemodialysis are abnormally low and associated with features of atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shiraki
authors.forename: Ayumu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Juan Jesús
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Carrero
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugiya
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stenvinkel
authors.forename: Nobuoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masaki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013739:Testosterone