title: Computer-automated tinnitus assessment: noise-band matching, maskability, and residual inhibition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psychoacoustic measures of tinnitus typically include loudness and pitch match, minimum masking level (MML), and residual inhibition (RI). We previously developed and documented a computer-automated tinnitus evaluation system (TES) capable of subject-guided loudness and pitch matching. The TES was further developed to conduct computer-aided, subject-guided testing for noise-band matching (NBM), MML, and RI.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to document the capability of the upgraded TES to obtain measures of NBM, MML, and RI, and to determine the test-retest reliability of the responses obtained.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three subject-guided, computer-automated testing protocols were developed to conduct NBM. For MML and RI testing, a 2-12 kHz band of noise was used. All testing was repeated during a second session.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects meeting study criteria were selected from those who had previously been tested for loudness and pitch matching in our laboratory. A total of 21 subjects completed testing, including seven females and 14 males.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The upgraded TES was found to be fairly time efficient. Subjects were generally reliable, both within and between sessions, with respect to the type of stimulus they chose as the best match to their tinnitus. Matching to bandwidth was more variable between measurements, with greater consistency seen for subjects reporting tonal tinnitus or wide-band noisy tinnitus than intermediate types. Between-session repeated MMLs were within 10 dB of each other for all but three of the subjects. Subjects who experienced RI during Session 1 tended to be those who experienced it during Session 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study may represent the first time that NBM, MML, and RI audiometric testing results have been obtained entirely through a self-contained, computer-automated system designed specifically for use in the clinic. Future plans include refinements to achieve greater testing efficiency.
authors.affiliation: VA RR&D National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research, VA Medical Center, Portland, OR 97207, USA. james.henry@va.gov
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Larry E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Roger M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ellingson
authors.forename: Emily J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Thielman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D002138:Calibration; D003201:Computers; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008144:Loudness Perception / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology*; D009622:Noise; D010470:Perceptual Masking / Q000502:physiology*; D010898:Pitch Perception / Q000502:physiology; D011571:Psychoacoustics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology