title: The development of mismatch responses to Mandarin lexical tones in early infancy.
abstract: This study examined how maturation and the size of deviance affect the development of mismatch responses to Mandarin lexical tones by a multi-deviant oddball paradigm with both large deviant T1/T3 and small deviant T2/T3 pairs in newborns and 6-month-olds. The T1/T3 pair elicited a positive mismatch response (P-MMR) at birth but an adult-like mismatch negativity (MMN) at 6 months of age. For the T2/T3 pair, no significant MMR was seen in newborns, whereas a P-MMR was found when infants are 6 months old. Results suggest that the developmental trajectories of MMRs are dependent on the neural maturation and the discriminability of tonal changes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Hsin-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yu-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Tzeng
authors.forename: Ming-Tao
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lu-Lu
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Chia-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003265:Contingent Negative Variation / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D011930:Reaction Time; D055815:Young Adult