title: Ineffective breathing pattern: defining characteristics in children with acute respiratory infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the accuracy of NANDA-I defining characteristics for the nursing diagnosis, ineffective breathing pattern, in children with acute respiratory infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective cohort study in 136 children. Measures of accuracy were calculated for the defining characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Use of accessory muscles to breathe presented the best measure of accuracy. Alterations in depth of breathing presented a high value of sensitivity. Altered chest excursion and orthopnea presented high values of specificity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of accessory muscles to breathe showed the best predictive capacity for ineffective breathing pattern.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measures of accuracy can contribute to an accurate diagnostic inference process, improving patient assessment and facilitating rapid, accurate diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Maranhão, Imperatriz, Brazil.
authors.forename: Livia Maia
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Pascoal
authors.forename: Marcos Venícios de Oliveira
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Viviane Martins da
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Beatriz Amorim
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Beltrão
authors.forename: Daniel Bruno Resende
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: Juliana Maria Vieira de
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.forename: T Heather
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Herdman
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Children; Padrão respiratório ineficaz; avaliação de enfermagem; crianças; diagnóstico de enfermagem; ineffective breathing pattern; nursing assessment; nursing diagnosis; respiratory sign and symptom; sinais e sintomas respiratórios