title: High-risk human papillomavirus E6 inhibits monocyte differentiation to Langerhans cells.
abstract: High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause a variety of malignancies of the mucosal epithelium. However, the local immune evasion strategies used by HPV-transformed cells remain unclear. Here, we examined the effect of HPV-positive cancer cells on human peripheral blood monocytes, which are precursors of Langerhans cells, key antigen-presenting cells in the squamous epithelium. HPV-positive cervical cancer cells and HPV-E6 expressing cells inhibited monocyte differentiation to Langerhans cells in a contact-dependent manner. Unlike Langerhans cells, monocytes that differentiated in the presence of HPV16 E6-expressing cells exhibited high levels of endocytic activity. Our results suggest that cells infected by high-risk HPV evade immune surveillance by blocking the differentiation of monocytes into competent antigen presenting cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Norifumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: Edward C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Goodwin
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dimaio
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology*; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral
keywords: Cervical cancer; Dendritic cell; Immune evasion; Monocytes