title: Calcium oscillations triggered by cardiotonic steroids.
abstract: Na(+), K(+)-ATPase (NKA) is well known for its function as an ion pump. Studies during the last decade have revealed an additional role for NKA as a signal transducer. In this brief review, we describe how cardiotonic steroids, which are highly specific NKA ligands, trigger slow Ca(2+) oscillations by promoting the interaction between NKA and the inositol trisphosphate receptor, and how this Ca(2+) signal activates the NF-κB subunit p65 and increases the expression of the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-xL. The potential tissue-protective effects of this signal are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jacopo M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.forename: Ievgeniia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Burlaka
authors.forename: Georgiy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Khodus
authors.forename: Hjalmar
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brismar
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aperia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects*; D002301:Cardiac Glycosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002301:Cardiac Glycosides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase
keywords: Ca2+ signaling; NF-κB; Na+-K+-ATPase; Src kinase; apoptosis; cardiotonic steroids; inositol trisphosphate receptor; intracellular Ca2+ oscillations; organ development; ouabain