title: Anti-inflammatory and carbonic anhydrase restoring actions of yam powder (Dioscorea spp) contribute to the prevention of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer in a rat model.
abstract: Increased acid output, accompanied with a defective defense system, is considered a fundamental pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer (DU). However, relapse of DU occurs despite proton pump inhibitors and H2 receptor antagonists, hence imposing the enforcement of the defense system. Dried powder of the yam tuber (Dioscorea spp) has been used in traditional folk medicine as a nutritional fortification. We hypothesized that dried-yam powder would prevent DU through improvement of anti-inflammatory actions and carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity. Therefore, we investigated the preventive effects of dried-yam powder against the cysteamine-induced DU and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Duodenal ulcers were induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intragastric administration of 500 mg/kg cysteamine-HCl. The dried-yam powder was used as a pretreatment before the cysteamine-HCl. The number and size of DU were measured. The expressions of inflammation mediators were checked in duodenal tissues, and the expressions of CAs and malondialdehyde levels were also examined. Cysteamine provoked perforated DU, whereas dried-yam powder significantly prevented DU as much as pantoprazole and significantly reduced the incidence of perforation. The messenger RNA expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase were remarkably decreased in the yam group compared with the cysteamine group, and the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor were significantly attenuated in the yam group. Cysteamine significantly decreased the expression of CAs, whereas yam treatment significantly preserved the expressions of CA IX, XII, and XIV. In conclusion, dried-yam powder exerts a significant protective effect against cysteamine-induced DU by lowering the activity of inflammatory cytokines and free radicals and restoring the activity of CAs, except in CA IV.
authors.affiliation: CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Cancer Institute, CHA University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yoon-Jae
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ju-Seung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Napapan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kangwan
authors.forename: Ki Baik
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Hahm
authors.forename: Tae-Sok
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Oran
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Eun-Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003543:Cysteamine; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D027742:Dioscorea; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D035281:Plant Tubers; D011208:Powders; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D028321:Plant Preparations; D011208:Powders; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003543:Cysteamine; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases
keywords: CA; COX-2; Carbonic anhydrase; Cysteamine; DBS; DU; Duodenal ulcer; IL; MCP; MDA; Rat; TNF-α; Yam; carbonic anhydrase; cyclooxygenase-2; duodenal bicarbonate secretion; duodenal ulcer; iNOS; inducible nitric oxide synthase; interleukin; mRNA; malondialdyhyde; messenger RNA; monocyte chemotactic protein; tumor necrosis factor α