title: Three distinct two-component systems are involved in resistance to the class I bacteriocins, Nukacin ISK-1 and nisin A, in Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus uses two-component systems (TCSs) to adapt to stressful environmental conditions. To colonize a host, S. aureus must resist bacteriocins produced by commensal bacteria. In a comprehensive analysis using individual TCS inactivation mutants, the inactivation of two TCSs, graRS and braRS, significantly increased the susceptibility to the class I bacteriocins, nukacin ISK-1 and nisin A, and inactivation of vraSR slightly increased the susceptibility to nukacin ISK-1. In addition, two ABC transporters (BraAB and VraDE) regulated by BraRS and one transporter (VraFG) regulated by GraRS were associated with resistance to nukacin ISK-1 and nisin A. We investigated the role of these three TCSs of S. aureus in co-culture with S. warneri, which produces nukacin ISK-1, and Lactococcus lactis, which produces nisin A. When co-cultured with S. warneri or L. lactis, the braRS mutant showed a significant decrease in its population compared with the wild-type, whereas the graRS and vraSR mutants showed slight decreases. Expression of vraDE was elevated significantly in S. aureus co-cultured with nisin A/nukacin ISK-1-producing strains. These results suggest that three distinct TCSs are involved in the resistance to nisin A and nukacin ISK-1. Additionally, braRS and its related transporters played a central role in S. aureus survival in co-culture with the strains producing nisin A and nukacin ISK-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawada-Matsuo
authors.forename: Yuuma
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zendo
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oogai
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sonomoto
authors.forename: Norifumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Komatsuzawa
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D013294:Lactococcus lactis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009561:Nisin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D001430:Bacteriocins; C421186:nukacin ISK-1; D009561:Nisin; C102526:nisin A
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