title: Leucine supplementation modulates fuel substrates utilization and glucose metabolism in previously obese mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High-protein diets favor weight loss and its maintenance. Whether these effects might be recapitulated by certain amino acids is unknown. Therefore, the impact of leucine supplementation on energy balance and associated metabolic changes in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice during and after weight loss was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  DIO C57BL/6J mice were fed a normocaloric diet to induce weight loss while receiving or not the amino acid leucine in drinking water. Body weight, food intake, body composition, energy expenditure, glucose tolerance, insulin, and leptin sensitivity were evaluated. Q-PCR analysis was performed on muscle, brown and white adipose tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DIO mice decreased body weight and fat mass in response to chow, but supplementation with leucine did not affect these parameters. During weight maintenance, mice supplemented with leucine had improved glucose tolerance, increased leptin sensitivity, and lower respiratory quotient. The latter was associated with changes in the expression of several genes modulating fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial activity in the epididymal white and the brown adipose tissues, but not muscle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leucine supplementation might represent an adjuvant beneficial nutritional therapy during weight loss and maintenance, because it improves lipid and glucose metabolism and restores leptin sensitivity in previously obese animals.
authors.affiliation: NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France; NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Université de Bordeaux, U862, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Binder
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Bermúdez-Silva
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elie
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leste-Lasserre
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Belluomo
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Adeline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duchampt
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mithieux
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cota
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001823:Body Composition; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D005943:Gluconeogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D007930:Leucine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D007930:Leucine