title: Clinical and radiological results of radiolunate arthrodesis for rheumatoid arthritis: 22 wrists followed for an average of 7 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of radiolunate (RL) arthrodesis for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and/or biologicals with an average of 7 years of follow-up. In addition, we compared the results in advanced stages with those in less advanced stages in patients with comparatively low disease activity of RA.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included RL arthrodesis for 22 wrists in 19 patients with comparatively low disease activity of RA. The mean follow-up period was 7 years (range, 2-16 y). Fourteen wrists with Larsen classification grade III and 8 wrists with grade IV were included in this study. The range of motion was calculated, and clinical scores were graded using the Mayo wrist score and the Stanley classification. The carpal height ratio (CHR) and ulnar translation (UT) were determined from the radiographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All wrists achieved radiographic fusion. Clinical scores were markedly improved, although there was a decrease in flexion. The Larsen grade did not deteriorate during follow-up. CHR and UT improved immediately after operation and remained good through the final follow-up. Although the flexion/extension range of motion of the grade IV wrists was smaller than that of the grade III wrists at follow-up, both groups obtained good clinical results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results for RL arthrodesis were clinically and radiologically better than those of previous reports. Control of the disease activity of RA could theoretically be a factor in obtaining good long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes. RL arthrodesis is our recommended procedure for the RA wrist even in the advanced stage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motomiya
authors.forename: Norimasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urita
authors.forename: Tadanao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funakoshi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D001864:Bone Wires; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016916:Joint Deformities, Acquired / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D012667:Lunate Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography; D011884:Radius / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014955:Wrist Joint; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents
keywords: Arthrodesis; disease activity; radiolunate; rheumatoid arthritis; wrist