title: Regulation of vitamin C homeostasis during deficiency.
abstract: Large cross-sectional population studies confirm that vitamin C deficiency is common in humans, affecting 5%-10% of adults in the industrialized world. Moreover, significant associations between poor vitamin C status and increased morbidity and mortality have consistently been observed. However, the absorption, distribution and elimination kinetics of vitamin C in vivo are highly complex, due to dose-dependent non-linearity, and the specific regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Particularly, little is known about how adaptive mechanisms during states of deficiency affect the overall regulation of vitamin C transport in the body. This review discusses mechanisms of vitamin C transport and potential means of regulation with special emphasis on capacity and functional properties, such as differences in the K(m) of vitamin C transporters in different target tissues, in some instances demonstrating a tissue-specific distribution.
authors.affiliation: Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, Frederiksberg C 1870, Denmark. jopl@sund.ku.dk
authors.forename: Maiken
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindblad
authors.forename: Pernille
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tveden-Nyborg
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lykkesfeldt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001206:Ascorbic Acid Deficiency / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001692:Biological Transport; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009752:Nutritional Status
chemical_list: D001205:Ascorbic Acid
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