title: Artesunate possesses anti-leukemia properties that can be enhanced by arsenic trioxide.
abstract: Artesunate (ART), an effective and safe anti-malaria drug, also exhibits anticancer activity. We studied the effects of ART on proliferation and apoptosis of human K562 and U937 leukemia cell lines. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay demonstrated that ART inhibits cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Based on the findings obtained from light, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy and propidium iodide staining, the effect of ART was shown to be mediated through apoptosis. In parallel, ART treatment increased Fas expression, while it decreased the c-Fos level in K562 cells. Furthermore, co-treatment with arsenic trioxide (ATO) significantly facilitated ART-induced K562 cell apoptosis. These findings demonstrated that ART had an antitumor activity against K562 and U937 leukemia cells, largely due to inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway; and this tumoricidal function could be enhanced by ATO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ningning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077332:Artesunate; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D007938:Leukemia / Q000378:metabolism; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D020298:U937 Cells; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001152:Arsenicals; D037621:Artemisinins; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D010087:Oxides; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D019014:fas Receptor; D000077332:Artesunate; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide
keywords: Artesunate; anti-leukemia; arsenic trioxide