title: Features of selenium metabolism in humans living under the conditions of North European Russia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Selenium supplementation and its effects on Northerners have been little studied. The aim of our study was to assess the selenium levels of the inhabitants of North European Russia, the seasonal aspects of selenium supplementation, and the interrelationships between selenium levels and the levels of thyroid gland hormones.
  
  
  METHODS
  To study the particular features of selenium metabolism in Northerners over the course of 1 year, 19 healthy male Caucasian volunteers (18-21 years old) were recruited for the present study. The subjects were military guards in a Northern European region of Russia (Syktyvkar, Russia, 62°N latitude) who spent 6-10-h outdoors daily. The study was conducted over a 12-month period. Selenium levels, glutathione peroxidase (GP) activity, as well as total triiodothyronine (T3), total thyroxin (T4), free thyroxin, free triiodothyronine, and thyrotropin (TSH) levels, were determined in the blood serum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study subjects showed low levels of plasma selenium throughout the year. We observed a noticeable decrease in plasma selenium levels during the period from May to August, with the lowest levels in July. Selenium levels in the military guards correlated with the levels of selenium-dependent GP enzyme activity throughout the year. Additionally, we demonstrated a significant correlation between selenium and pituitary-thyroid axis hormones (total T3, free T4, and TSH) in periods in which plasma selenium levels were lower than the established normal ranges.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over the course of 1 year, low levels of plasma selenium affect GP activity and thyroid hormone levels in humans living in North European Russia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Social Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia, olga-parshukova@mail.ru.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Parshukova
authors.forename: Natalya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Potolitsyna
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shadrina
authors.forename: Aleksei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chernykh
authors.forename: Evgeny
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bojko
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D062306:Geography, Medical; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012426:Russia; D012621:Seasons; D012643:Selenium / Q000097:blood*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D012643:Selenium; D013974:Thyroxine
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