title: Cross cultural adaptation of the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile: establishing linguistic equivalency and psychometric properties of the Arabic version.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cross-cultural adaptation of standardized outcome measures between different languages is a common procedure that allows healthcare professionals around the world to utilize such measures in their own languages. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of translating and cross-culturally adapting the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile from English to Arabic and to assess the psychometric properties of the Arabic version.
  
  
  METHODS
  A backward-forward translation process was used to translate the measure. Eighty-seven bilingual participants completed an English and an Arabic translated version of the measure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percent agreement for each of the Arabic and English items ranges from 0.77 to 0.98. The kappa values range from 0.79 to 0.84. Test-re-test reliability of the Arabic version was tested on 35 participants. The percent agreement between the first and the second assessment using the Arabic version of the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile ranges from 0.80 to 0.96. The kappa values range from 0.82 to 0.88. Internal consistency for the Arabic version was 0.84 and 0.82 for the English version. Construct validity of the Arabic version (n = 560) was tested using factor analysis. Four factors were rotated using a Varimax rotation procedure. The factors' classification and the items' distribution related to these factors were very similar to the English version of the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile. Only 9 items of the 60 items (15%) had different distribution than the original version.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Arabic version of the Adolescent/Adult Sensory profile has very good psychometric properties and can be utilized with confidence with Arabic-speaking individuals. Implications for Rehabilitation Arabic-speaking countries lack standardized rehabilitation assessments written in Arabic. The Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile is a widely used measure with good psychometric properties and one of rare instruments that measures sensory processing in adult and adolescent. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile yielded an Arabic version of the profile with very good psychometric properties. The Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile - Arabic is now one of a few, and much needed, assessments with established psychometric properties that are available to occupational therapists in Arabic-speaking communities. The instrument can be administered with confidence among Arabic speakers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitaion Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan .
authors.forename: Fidaa M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Almomani
authors.forename: Catana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Sana Abu
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Dahab
authors.forename: Murad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Almomani
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nadar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018912:Arabs; D002648:Child; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014177:Translations