title: [The comparative effects on hemodynamics and bispectral index score of the addition of remifentanil or nitrous oxide to sevoflurane/epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effects of the addition of remifentanil or nitrous oxide (N2O) on hemodynamics and bispectral index score (BIS) during surgery were exam-ined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients for total hysterectomy were allocated into three groups; 1) 8 patients who received neither remifentanil nor N2O (C group), 2) 8 patients who received remifentanil 0.085 microg kg-1 . min-1 (R group) and 3) 8 patients who received 66% of N2O (G group). They were anesthetized with sevoflurane/epidural anesthesia. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and BIS were recorded 3 times (5 minutes after the skin incision, at the moment of uterine extraction and during retroperitoneal closure).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were found in MAP and HR between the C and G group throughout the study, while MAP during retroperitoneal closure and HR at any time points in the R groups were lower than those in the C group. Although BIS in the G group was always lower than that in the C group, no significant differences were found in BIS between the C and R group throughout the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effects of remifentanil on hemodynamics and bispectral index score in patients during surgery under sevoflurane/epidural anesthesia were completely different from those of N2O.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Ehime Rosai Hospital, Niihama 792-8550.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D056805:Consciousness Monitors; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077208:Remifentanil; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D010880:Piperidines; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D000077208:Remifentanil