title: "I refer to them as my colleagues": the experience of mutual recognition of self, identity and empowerment in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore how persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience participating in inpatient rehabilitation, and how it might provide psychosocial benefits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten participants with MS who had completed inpatient rehabilitation in Norway and on Tenerife participated in two focus groups. A semi-structured interview protocol was used. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis informed by a phenomenological perspective.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During inpatient rehabilitation participants shared experiences with symptoms of the disease, of social stigma and coping strategies. They communicated experiences of living with MS and they created a sense of community, they became "colleagues". This experience gave rise to mutual recognition of ability, impairment, self and identity, and thus facilitated personal empowerment to counteract social stigma through adequate coping strategies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Participating in inpatient rehabilitation gave people with MS the possibility to exchange information and communicate strategies for coping with the disease-related conditions and societal demands. They established social relations recognizing each other's resources. Participants felt equipped to make decisions and to mobilize individual and collective resources. Recognition of the individual with both ability and impairment can be a key to empowerment. Implications for Rehabilitation In multiple sclerosis (MS), the clinical symptoms and the unpredictability of the disease may have consequences for how patients relate to self and to others, and hence how they perform socially. Stigmatization is commonly experienced among people with MS. The recognition experienced from peers create a sense of community. We recommend health care professionals to acknowledge the importance of peer support for self, identity and empowerment in MS.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen , Norway .
authors.forename: Anne Britt Rundhovde
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Skår
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Folkestad
authors.forename: Tori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smedal
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grytten
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D009664:Norway; D011209:Power, Psychological; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012649:Self Concept; D012933:Social Identification; D013240:Stereotyping