title: Exploring factors related to oral feeding progression in premature infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify infant and maternal characteristics associated with the pace of progression from the first oral feeding to complete oral feeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred forty-two stable premature infants who were fully or partially gavage feeding immediately after birth (29 to 34 weeks gestational age at birth).
  
  
  METHODS
  Exploratory secondary analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data are from an ongoing randomized clinical trial of a developmental maternally administered intervention (Hospital to Home Transition-Optimizing Premature Infant's Environment) for mother-infant dyads at high social-environmental risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oral feeding progression (transition time from the first attempt to complete oral feeding).
  The convenience sample of preterm infants consisted of 48.6% male infants; the mean gestational age at birth was 32.4 weeks and mean birth weight 1787 g; and African American mothers (47.9%; n = 80) and Latina mothers (52.1%; n = 83).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariable linear regression results showed that, on average, the number of days for infants of Latina mothers to achieve complete oral feeding was 2.43 days more than for infants of African American mothers. In addition, lower birth weight and lower postmenstrual age at first oral feeding were associated with longer feeding progression. Higher infant morbidity was correlated with longer feeding progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infants with Latina mothers, lower birth weight, lower postmenstrual age at first oral feeding, and higher morbidity scores had a longer transition from first to complete oral feeding. Identification of infants at risk for delayed transition from first to complete oral feeding may allow for the development and testing of appropriate interventions that support the transition from gavage to complete oral feeding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women, Children and Family Health Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. rwt@uic.edu
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: White-Traut
authors.forename: Thao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rankin
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Norr
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoder
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight; D001903:Bottle Feeding; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007224:Infant Care / Q000379:methods; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017283:Neonatal Nursing / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2012 Feb;129(2):338-48
references.pmid: 22291121
references.citation: Neonatology. 2011;100(1):64-70
references.pmid: 21212698
references.citation: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Dec;201(6):584.e1-9
references.pmid: 19729145
references.citation: J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1997 Jul-Aug;26(4):414-20
references.pmid: 9252889
references.citation: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1973 Sep 1;117(1):1-9
references.pmid: 4722373
references.citation: Nurs Res. 1991 Jul-Aug;40(4):245-7
references.pmid: 1857653
references.citation: J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2010 Sep-Oct;39(5):536-49
references.pmid: 20920000
references.citation: Am J Perinatol. 2010 Nov;27(10):831-40
references.pmid: 20607645
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2008 Nov;122(5):1119-26
references.pmid: 18977994
references.citation: MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2000 Mar-Apr;25(2):64-70
references.pmid: 10748582
references.citation: Am J Occup Ther. 1989 Apr;43(4):245-50
references.pmid: 2750853
references.citation: Acta Paediatr. 2000 Jul;89(7):846-52
references.pmid: 10943969
references.citation: Acta Paediatr. 2008 Jun;97(6):776-81
references.pmid: 18460108
references.citation: MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2005 Jan-Feb;30(1):52-9
references.pmid: 15622150
references.citation: Pediatrics. 1971 Dec;48(6):902-6
references.pmid: 5129451
references.citation: Acta Paediatr. 2003 Jun;92(6):721-7
references.pmid: 12856985
references.citation: Arch Dis Child. 1986 Jun;61(6):559-64
references.pmid: 2425752
references.citation: Annu Rev Public Health. 2012 Apr;33:75-87
references.pmid: 22224890
references.citation: J Perinatol. 2008 Aug;28(8):549-55
references.pmid: 18580883
references.citation: Matern Child Health J. 2009 Nov;13(6):769-79
references.pmid: 19495949
references.citation: Adv Neonatal Care. 2011 Apr;11(2):129-39
references.pmid: 21730902
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2004 Nov;114(5):1362-4
references.pmid: 15520122
references.citation: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2000 Nov;83(3):F182-5
references.pmid: 11040165
references.citation: Pediatrics. 1990 Jul;86(1):27-34
references.pmid: 2359681
references.citation: Nurs Res. 2007 Sep-Oct;56(5):307-11
references.pmid: 17846551
references.citation: Am J Perinatol. 1986 Oct;3(4):339-44
references.pmid: 3755920
references.citation: J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2009 Jul-Aug;38(4):478-89; quiz 489-90
references.pmid: 19614884
references.citation: J Pediatr. 2003 Jan;142(1):36-40
references.pmid: 12520252
references.citation: Nurs Res. 1993 Mar-Apr;42(2):100-5
references.pmid: 8455984
references.citation: Public Health Nurs. 2008 Sep-Oct;25(5):390-400
references.pmid: 18816356
references.citation: Am J Occup Ther. 1990 Dec;44(12):1070-8
references.pmid: 2126165
references.citation: Matern Child Health J. 2008 Jul;12(4):435-41
references.pmid: 17690961
references.citation: Acta Paediatr. 2008 Jan;97(1):61-7
references.pmid: 18052999