title: Effect of the extracts of the spiderflower, Cleome arabica, on feeding and survival of larvae of the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis.
abstract: Aqueous and organic (hexane, chloroform, and methanol) extracts of siliquae, stems and leaves, and seeds of Cleome arabica L. (Brassicales: Capparidaceae) were evaluated in the laboratory for their antifeeding and insecticidal effect on larvae of the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), using a leaf dipping bioassay with castor bean, Ricinus communis L. (Malpighiales: Euphorbiaceae), leaf discs. The polar extracts caused significant mortality. At the highest dose, C. arabica extracts exhibited significant antifeeding and phagostimulating activities against S. littoralis larvae. Under no-choice conditions, the methanol extract of siliquae was the most active, and the antifeedant index calculated over 24 hr for 3rd instar larvae varied significantly from 16 to 37%. Using nutritional indices, it was established that there was a significant decrease in growth rate concomitant with a reduction in consumption. These results suggest the presence of anti-feeding and/or toxic substances in the extracts that may be useful in developing bio-insecticides based on C. arabica extracts for use in integrated pest management of leafworm and other agricultural pests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia. afef.ladh@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Afef
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ladhari
authors.forename: Asma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laarif
authors.forename: Faten
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Omezzine
authors.forename: Rabiaa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haouala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031485:Cleome / Q000737:chemistry*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007814:Larva; D018411:Spodoptera; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides
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