title: Investigation of interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms and interleukin-10 levels in children with irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic variations at positions -1082, -819, and -592 in the interleukin (IL)-10 promoter affect IL-10 production in children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-four children with IBS and 102 children as healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Genomic DNA was extracted, and IL-10 -1082, -819, and -592 polymorphisms were detected by direct sequencing from all participants. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 46 IBS children and 38 HCs were isolated and cultured with and without 5 ng/mL Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IL-10 levels in the culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in the distribution of IL-10 -1082, -819, and -592 polymorphisms or in the allele and haplotype frequencies between IBS children and HCs. PBMCs from children with IBS had significantly lower IL-10 levels after LPS stimulation than PBMCs from HCs (p=0.011); however, LPS-induced IL-10 levels in PBMCs with different genotypes of -819 and -592 polymorphisms were not significantly different between IBS patients and HCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although significantly lower LPS-induced IL-10 production by PBMCs was noted, it is unlikely that IL-10 production was fully genetically determined in our IBS children. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01131442.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan. ; Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Man-Chin
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Hsun-Chin
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Tsung-Chieh
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Ming-Wei
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Jing-Long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Huang
keywords: Child; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms; Irritable bowel syndrome
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