title: Joint effects between five identified risk variants, allergy, and autoimmune conditions on glioma risk.
abstract: Common variants in two of the five genetic regions recently identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of risk of glioma were reported to interact with a history of allergic symptoms. In a pooled analysis of five epidemiologic studies, we evaluated the association between the five GWAS implicated gene variants and allergies and autoimmune conditions (AIC) on glioma risk (851 adult glioma cases and 3,977 controls). We further evaluated the joint effects between allergies and AIC and these gene variants on glioma risk. Risk estimates were calculated as odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI), adjusted for age, gender, and study. Joint effects were evaluated by conducting stratified analyses whereby the risk associations (OR and 95 % CI) with the allergy or autoimmune conditions for glioma were evaluated by the presence or absence of the 'at-risk' variant, and estimated p interaction by fitting models with the main effects of allergy or autoimmune conditions and genotype and an interaction (product) term between them. Four of the five SNPs previously reported by others were statistically significantly associated with increased risk of glioma in our study (rs2736100, rs4295627, rs4977756, and rs6010620); rs498872 was not associated with glioma in our study. Reporting any allergies or AIC was associated with reduced risks of glioma (allergy: adjusted OR = 0.71, 95 % CI 0.55-0.91; AIC: adjusted OR = 0.65, 95 % CI 0.47-0.90). We did not observe differential association between allergic or autoimmune conditions and glioma by genotype, and there were no statistically significant p interactions. Stratified analysis by glioma grade (low and high grade) did not suggest risk differences by disease grade. Our results do not provide evidence that allergies or AIC modulate the association between the four GWAS-identified SNPs examined and risk of glioma.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, safaeianm@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Mahboobeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Safaeian
authors.forename: Preetha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rajaraman
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hartge
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yeager
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Linet
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Avima M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ruder
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Purdue
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hsing
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beane-Freeman
authors.forename: Jane A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hoppin
authors.forename: Demetrius
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Albanes
authors.forename: Stephanie J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Inskip
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: Nilanjan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Gillanders
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chanock
authors.forename: Sophia S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005910:Glioma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
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