title: Alloscardovia macacae sp. nov., isolated from the milk of a macaque (Macaca mulatta), emended description of the genus Alloscardovia and proposal of Alloscardovia criceti comb. nov.
abstract: A novel bacterial strain, designated M8(T), was isolated from milk of a female macaque bred in captivity. The strain was Gram-stain-positive, anaerobic, irregular coccoid-rod-shaped without catalase activity. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity revealed that the isolate was most closely related to Alloscardovia omnicolens CCUG 31649(T) (96.4%) and Metascardovia criceti OMB105(T) (96.6%). Sequences of hsp60, fusA, and xfp genes also confirmed that the strain was most closely related to the type strains of A. omnicolens and M. criceti. The isolate produced fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase which is in agreement with classification within the family Bifidobacteriaceae. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω9c (35.8%), C16 : 1 (6.2 %) and C14 : 0 (5.7 %). Polar lipid analysis revealed five different glycolipids, two unidentified phospholipids and diphosphatidylglycerol. The peptidoglycan was of the type A4α l-Lys-d-Asp with the presence of d(l)-alanine, d-glutamine, d-asparagine and l-lysine. The DNA G+C content of strain M8(T) was 50.1 mol%. On the basis of genetic, phylogenetic and phenotypic data, strain M8(T) represents a novel species of the genus Alloscardovia for which the name Alloscardovia macacae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is M8(T) ( = DSM 24762(T) = CCM 7944(T)). In addition, our results also revealed that Alloscardovia omnicolens DSM 21503(T) and Metascardovia criceti DSM 17774(T) do not belong to different genera within the family Bifidobacteriaceae. We therefore propose to reclassify Metascardovia criceti as Alloscardovia criceti comb. nov. An emended description of the genus Alloscardovia is also provided.
authors.affiliation: Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic.|Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 - Krč, 142 20, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Killer
authors.affiliation: Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Š
authors.initials: Š
authors.lastname: Ročková
authors.affiliation: Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vlková
authors.affiliation: Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rada
authors.affiliation: Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Havlík
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 - Krč, 142 20, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kopečný
authors.affiliation: Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bunešová
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, J.E. Purkyně University in Ústi nad Labem, Za Válcovnou 1000/8, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.|Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 - Krč, 142 20, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Benada
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 - Krč, 142 20, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kofroňová
authors.affiliation: Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pechar
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathological morphology and Parasitology, Palackého 1/3, Brno 612 42, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Profousová
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000382:microbiology*; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000737:chemistry; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D010743:Phospholipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases; C065556:fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase