title: Engineering of the glycerol decomposition pathway and cofactor regulation in an industrial yeast improves ethanol production.
abstract: Glycerol is a major by-product of industrial ethanol production and its formation consumes up to 4 % of the sugar substrate. This study modified the glycerol decomposition pathway of an industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to optimize the consumption of substrate and yield of ethanol. This study is the first to couple glycerol degradation with ethanol formation, to the best of our knowledge. The recombinant strain overexpressing GCY1 and DAK1, encoding glycerol dehydrogenase and dihydroxyacetone kinase, respectively, in glycerol degradation pathway, exhibited a moderate increase in ethanol yield (2.9 %) and decrease in glycerol yield (24.9 %) compared to the wild type with the initial glucose concentration of 15 % under anaerobic conditions. However, when the mhpF gene, encoding acetylating NAD⁺-dependent acetaldehyde dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli, was co-expressed in the aforementioned recombinant strain, a further increase in ethanol yield by 5.5 % and decrease in glycerol yield by 48 % were observed for the resultant recombinant strain GDMS1 when acetic acid was added into the medium prior to inoculation compared to the wild type. The process outlined in this study which enhances glycerol consumption and cofactor regulation in an industrial yeast is a promising metabolic engineering strategy to increase ethanol production by reducing the formation of glycerol.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China, zhangl@jiangnan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Zhongpeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Guiyang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism*; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D060847:Metabolic Engineering; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases; C020672:glycerol dehydrogenase; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C023132:glycerone kinase; D005990:Glycerol; D019342:Acetic Acid
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