title: Spatial-temporal analysis of zinc homeostasis reveals the response mechanisms to acute zinc deficiency in Sorghum bicolor.
abstract: Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient in plants. The activity of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CSD) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) correlate with differences in Zn efficiency in plants; therefore, it is reasonable to hypothesize the existence of a Zn economy model that saves Zn for these essential Zn proteins during Zn deficiency. However, up to this point, direct evidence for the idea that CSD and/or CA might be priorities for Zn delivery has been lacking. Here, we investigated the spatial-temporal effects of acute Zn depletion and resupply by integrating physiological studies and molecular analyses using hydroponically grown Sorghum. The elevated expression of miR398 repressed CSD expression in roots, whereas the reduced expression of miR528 resulted in a relatively stable level of CSD expression in Sorghum leaves under Zn depletion. Spatial-temporal analysis after Zn resupply to previously depleted plants revealed that the expression and activity of CA were the first to recover after Zn addition, whereas the recovery of the activities of CSD and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was delayed, suggesting that CA receives priority in Zn delivery over CSD and ADH. Our results also indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of the response of Zn deficiency in plants.
authors.affiliation: Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong RD, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dongqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Longhua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiangliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yiyong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D001681:Biological Assay; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D006706:Homeostasis; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000502:physiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D036226:Seedlings / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D045868:Sorghum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D015032:Zinc / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D035683:MicroRNAs; D054883:Oxylipins; D010710:Phosphates; C011006:jasmonic acid; C030737:indoleacetic acid; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Sorghum bicolor; carbonic anhydrase (CA); copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CSD); microRNA; zinc (Zn) deficiency