title: The Role of Insulin and Insulin-like Growth Factors in the Increased Risk of Cancer in Diabetes.
abstract: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at increased risk of developing cancer. This evidence arises from numerous epidemiologic studies that relate a positive association between T2D and cancer. In-vitro and several in-vivo experiments have attempted to discern the potential mechanistic factors involved in this relationship. Candidates include hyperinsulinemia, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) signaling. These studies demonstrated that increased insulin, IGF-1, and IGF-2 signaling through the insulin receptor and IGF-1 receptor can induce cancer development and progression.
authors.affiliation: "Diabetes and Metabolism Clinical Research Center of Excellence", Legacy Heritage Clinical Research Institute at Rambam (LHCRIR), Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leroith
authors.forename: Eyal J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Scheinman
authors.forename: Keren
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bitton-Worms
keywords: cancer; diabetes; hyperinsulinemia; insulin; insulin resistance; insulin-like growth factor-1
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