title: Relationship of body fat and its distribution with bone mineral density in Indian population.
abstract: Obesity has been associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD). There is evidence of differential effect of regional fat on BMD. Hence, we undertook this study to evaluate the correlation between total body fat and its distribution with BMD in nonobese (mean body mass index: 25.0 ± 4.7 kg/m²) Indian adult volunteers. A total of 2347 participants (men: 39.4% and women: 60.6%) included in this cross-sectional study were divided according to sex and age. Fasting blood samples were drawn for biochemical parameters. Percent total body, truncal, and leg fat and BMD at lumbar spine, femur, and forearm were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The BMD at all sites (radius, femur, and spine) increased from lowest to highest quartiles of percent body fat. Percent truncal fat was positively correlated with BMD at all sites in both sexes, except for femoral neck in men, where it had negative correlation. Percent leg fat was positively related with BMD at all sites in premenopausal women, and spine and radius BMD in postmenopausal women. However, in men, it had negative correlation with femoral neck BMD. On multiple regression analysis, regional fat had positive association with BMD at all sites after adjusting for age, sex, lean mass index, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and intact parathyroid hormone levels. Leg-to-total body fat ratio was negatively associated with BMD at all sites in men and pre- and postmenopausal women. Percent total body and regional fat have positive association with BMD at all sites in men and women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Thyroid Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India. Electronic address: marwaha_ramank@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Raman Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Marwaha
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Army Hospital (Research & Referral), Delhi Cantonment, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Mahendra K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, B. R. Sur Institute of Homeopathy, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Neena
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mehan
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Thyroid Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Aparna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sastry
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Thyroid Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Kuntal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhadra
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000379:methods*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001823:Body Composition; D015519:Bone Density; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011884:Radius / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Bone mineral density; DXA; leg fat; total body fat; truncal fat