title: Does the attachment system towards owners change in aged dogs?
abstract: Changes during senescence can significantly affect both the emotional and relational needs of old individuals and the characteristics of the attachment system. In order to determine whether the emotional response of dogs is affected by old age, we compared the behavioural parameters of adult (AD <7 years of age, n=25) and aged (AG ≥7 years of age, n=25) dogs in a distressing situation, which gives rise to attachment behaviour patterns (Strange Situation Test, SST). The physiological response of dogs was assessed by measurement of salivary cortisol variations in samples collected both at the dogs' homes and at the study location, before and after the SST. Both groups of dogs expressed clear-cut patterns of attachment to their owners. During the initial part of the procedure, AG dogs sought more physical contact, but behaved more passively and showed less interest in an unknown person during separation from their owners. Compared with AD dogs, AG ones showed a significant increase in salivary cortisol concentrations after the SST. The combination of physiological and behavioural data of the present study supports the hypothesis that, later in life, dogs cope less efficiently with emotional distress caused by mild social challenge.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Applied Ethology, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mongillo
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pitteri
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carnier
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gabai
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adamelli
authors.forename: Lieta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marinelli
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D000818:Animals; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004285:Dogs; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D001841:Human-Animal Bond; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009769:Object Attachment; D057805:Pets / Q000523:psychology*; D010988:Play and Playthings; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: Aged dogs; Attachment; Behaviour; Salivary cortisol; Strange Situation Test