title: A geometrical approach for automatic shape restoration of the left ventricle.
abstract: This paper describes an automatic algorithm that uses a geometry-driven optimization approach to restore the shape of three-dimensional (3D) left ventricular (LV) models created from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The basic premise is to restore the LV shape such that the LV epicardial surface is smooth after the restoration and that the general shape characteristic of the LV is not altered. The Maximum Principle Curvature (k1) and the Minimum Principle Curvature (k2) of the LV epicardial surface are used to construct a shape-based optimization objective function to restore the shape of a motion-affected LV via a dual-resolution semi-rigid deformation process and a free-form geometric deformation process. A limited memory quasi-Newton algorithm, L-BFGS-B, is then used to solve the optimization problem. The goal of the optimization is to achieve a smooth epicardial shape by iterative in-plane and through-plane translation of vertices in the LV model. We tested our algorithm on 30 sets of LV models with simulated motion artifact generated from a very smooth patient sample, and 20 in vivo patient-specific models which contain significant motion artifacts. In the 30 simulated samples, the Hausdorff distances with respect to the Ground Truth are significantly reduced after restoration, signifying that the algorithm can restore geometrical accuracy of motion-affected LV models. In the 20 in vivo patient-specific models, the results show that our method is able to restore the shape of LV models without altering the general shape of the model. The magnitudes of in-plane translations are also consistent with existing registration techniques and experimental findings.
authors.affiliation: Geometrical Modelling, Institute of High Performance Computing, ASTAR, Singapore, Singapore. tanml@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg
authors.forename: May-Ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Chi-Wan
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Senthil Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Selvaraj
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Ru-San
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
references.citation: IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2002 Sep;21(9):1011-21
references.pmid: 12564869
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992 May;19(6):1136-44
references.pmid: 1532970
references.citation: Radiology. 1991 Jun;179(3):857-61
references.pmid: 2028006
references.citation: J Nucl Med. 1993 Nov;34(11):2009-18
references.pmid: 8229252
references.citation: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2012 Mar 15;302(6):H1306-16
references.pmid: 22210750
references.citation: J Nucl Med. 1995 Jun;36(6):1115-22
references.pmid: 7769437
references.citation: J Nucl Med. 1999 Mar;40(3):448-55
references.pmid: 10086710
references.citation: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2011 May;300(5):H1653-60
references.pmid: 21357513
references.citation: Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2012 Nov;108(2):500-10
references.pmid: 21507502
references.citation: IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2010 Mar;29(3):868-78
references.pmid: 20199921
references.citation: J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2008 Feb 29;10:13
references.pmid: 18312619
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2001 Apr;13(4):648-55
references.pmid: 11276113
references.citation: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995 Feb;164(2):301-7
references.pmid: 7839959
references.citation: J Nucl Med. 1996 Jan;37(1):137-45
references.pmid: 8543983
references.citation: Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv. 2005;8(Pt 2):171-8
references.pmid: 16685957
references.citation: J Nucl Med. 1993 Feb;34(2):311-21
references.pmid: 8429355
references.citation: Phys Med Biol. 1995 Oct;40(10):1695-708
references.pmid: 8532749
references.citation: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009 Mar;296(3):H573-84
references.pmid: 19122166
references.citation: IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2002 Sep;21(9):1142-50
references.pmid: 12564882
references.citation: Med Image Anal. 2002 Mar;6(1):29-46
references.pmid: 11836133
references.citation: Comput Med Imaging Graph. 1998 Sep-Oct;22(5):391-8
references.pmid: 9890183