title: Airway evaluation by indirect laryngoscopy in patients with lingual tonsillar hypertrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prevalence of the lingual tonsillar hypertrophy is unknown but it is believed that its presence is associated with the difficult airway. To investigate this, indirect laryngoscopy was performed on patients in the preoperative evaluation and this pathology was diagnosed. The relationship with difficulty of viewing the larynx, intubation and ventilation, under general anaesthesia and using direct laryngoscopy, was then studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed the demographic variable checks and tests for predicting difficult intubation (mouth opening, thyromental distance, cervical flexion-extension, neck thickness and Mallampati test), in the preoperative step on 300 patients who were going to be submitted to general anaesthesia. We then performed indirect laryngoscopy on them using a 70° rigid laryngoscope to ascertain the frequency of appearance of lingual tonsillar hypertrophy. Next, under general anaesthesia, we carried out direct laryngoscopy to verify whether there was difficulty in viewing the larynx and intubation and ventilation. We then investigated the association of demographic predictors of difficult intubation, including indirect laryngoscopy, with the presence of this condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of lingual tonsillar hypertrophy was 2%. No relationship between the appearance of this entity and the difficulty of viewing the larynx, intubation and ventilation was found. Only indirect laryngoscopy was linked to the appearance of this pathology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lingual tonsillar hypertrophy is a relatively frequent disorder, whose presence is not usually associated with difficult airway.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, España. Electronic address: sanchez_jormor@gva.es.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Morillo
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gómez-Diago
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Gimillo
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herrera-Collado
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Puchol-Castillo
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mompó-Romero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D058109:Airway Management; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000473:pathology; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014059:Tongue
keywords: Amígdala; Difficult airway; Direct laryngoscopy; Hipertrofia; Hypertrophy; Indirect laryngoscopy; Laringoscopia directa; Laringoscopia indirecta; Laringoscopio rígido; Rigid laryngoscope; Tonsil; Vía aérea difícil