title: Direction of aminoacylated transfer RNAs into antibiotic synthesis and peptidoglycan-mediated antibiotic resistance.
abstract: Prokaryotic aminoacylated-transfer RNAs often need to be efficiently segregated between translation and other cellular biosynthetic pathways. Many clinically relevant bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa direct some aminoacylated-tRNA species into peptidoglycan biosynthesis and/or membrane phospholipid modification. Subsequent indirect peptidoglycan cross-linkage or change in membrane permeability is often a prerequisite for high-level antibiotic resistance. In Streptomycetes, aminoacylated-tRNA species are used for antibiotic synthesis as well as antibiotic resistance. The direction of coding aminoacylated-tRNA molecules away from translation and into antibiotic resistance and synthesis pathways are discussed in this review.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Center for RNA Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1292, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ibba
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D046249:Transfer RNA Aminoacylation
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl
keywords: Antibiotic; Antibiotic resistance; Pathogenesis; Peptidoglycan; Protein synthesis; Translation; tRNA
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