title: Long-term supplementation of honokiol and magnolol ameliorates body fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and adipose inflammation in high-fat fed mice.
abstract: METHODS
  This study investigated the effect of honokiol (HON) and magnolol (MAG), phenolic compounds in Magnolia plants, on adiposity and adiposity-related metabolic disturbances in mice fed high-fat diet (HFD), and the potential underlying mechanisms focusing on the lipid metabolism and inflammatory response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  C57BL/6J mice were fed HFD (45 kcal% fat) with or without HON (0.02%, w/w) or MAG (0.02%, w/w) for 16 wk. Despite no changes in body weight, food intake, and hepatic fat accumulation, HON and MAG significantly lowered the weight of white adipose tissue (WAT) as well as adipocyte size and protected against insulin resistance induced by HFD. These effects were associated with increases in energy expenditure and adipose fatty acid oxidation and decreases in fatty acid synthase activity and expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, desaturation, and uptake, as well as adipocyte differentiation in WAT. Moreover, HON and MAG significantly lowered the expression of proinflammatory genes in WAT and elevated the plasma IL-10 level. Particularly, HON significantly decreased the plasma resistin level and increased the plasma adiponectin level compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HON and MAG have potential as novel agents for amelioration of adiposity and associated insulin resistance and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Je
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myung-Sook
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Byung Yoon
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Je Tae
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Yong Bok
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang Ryong
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Un Ju
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D017705:Lignans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D000498:Allyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D002784:Cholesterol; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015850:Interleukin-6; D017705:Lignans; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C491768:Ccl2 protein, mouse; C005498:magnolol; C005499:honokiol; D000498:Allyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols
keywords: Adipogenesis; Antiobesity; Honokiol; Inflammation; Magnolol