title: Revisiting redox-active antioxidant defenses in response to hypoxic challenge in both hypoxia-tolerant and hypoxia-sensitive fish species.
abstract: It is not known whether changes in antioxidant levels always occur in fish in response to the oxidative stress that usually accompanies a hypoxic challenge. The studies of antioxidant responses to hypoxia in fish have mostly focused on very anoxia-tolerant species and indicate that there is an enhancement of antioxidant defenses. Here we present new data on redox-active antioxidants from three species, which range in their tolerance to hypoxia: the epaulette shark, threespine stickleback, and rainbow trout, together with a compilation of results from other studies that have measured oxidative stress parameters in hypoxia-exposed fish. The results suggest that in general, fish do not show an increase in redox-active antioxidant defense in response to oxidative stress associated with hypoxia. Rather, the changes in antioxidant defenses during hypoxia are very much species- and tissue-specific and are not linked to the level of hypoxia tolerance of the fish species.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland, lotlev@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Lotta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leveelahti
authors.forename: Kalle T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Rytkönen
authors.forename: Gillian M C
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Renshaw
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nikinmaa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011897:Random Allocation; D012754:Sharks / Q000378:metabolism*; D023701:Smegmamorpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
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