title: Genetics of Alzheimer's disease in Caribbean Hispanic and African American populations.
abstract: Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), which is characterized by progressive deterioration in cognition, function, and behavior, is the most common cause of dementia and the sixth leading cause of all deaths, placing a considerable burden on Western societies. Most studies aiming to identify genetic susceptibility factors for LOAD have focused on non-Hispanic white populations. This is, in part related to differences in linkage disequilibrium and allele frequencies between ethnic groups that could lead to confounding. However, in addition, non-Hispanic white populations are simply more widely studied. As a consequence, minorities are genetically underrepresented despite the fact that in several minority populations living in the same community as whites (including African American and Caribbean Hispanics), LOAD incidence is higher. This review summarizes the current knowledge on genetic risk factors associated with LOAD risk in Caribbean Hispanics and African Americans and provides suggestions for future research. We focus on Caribbean Hispanics and African Americans because they have a high LOAD incidence and a body of genetic studies on LOAD that is based on samples with genome-wide association studies data and reasonably large effect sizes to yield generalizable results.
authors.affiliation: Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons.
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reitz
authors.affiliation: Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons; Department of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York. Electronic address: rpm2@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mayeux
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D017691:Caribbean Region; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E
keywords: African American; Alzheimer’s disease; Caribbean Hispanic; gene; genetics; minorities
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