title: Correlates of medical nutrition therapy and cardiovascular outcomes in youth with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether the types of medical nutrition therapies (MNTs) taught to and used by youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) vary by sociodemographic characteristics and cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study is a population-based cohort of individuals with clinical diagnosed diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,191 individuals with T1D.
  
  
  METHODS
  Types of MNTs and frequency of use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bivariate analysis and multivariate linear regression (P < .05) RESULTS: More race/ethnic minorities (vs whites), individuals with parents with less than a high school education (vs high school or higher education), and overweight/obese (vs underweight/normal weight) were taught additional MNTs. For underweight/normal weight individuals exclusively taught carbohydrate counting, those who used this approach "often" had lower hemoglobin A1c (8.6% vs 8.9%) and triglycerides (73.5 vs 84.1 mg/dL) than those who used it "sometimes/never." "Often" use of additional MNTs beyond carbohydrate counting was not associated with better mean values for CVD risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In individuals with T1D, race/ethnic minorities, individuals with parents with less than a high school education, and overweight/obese individuals are taught more MNTs. Further research is needed to understand the effectiveness of the various MNTs on CVD risk factors, and to identify how to translate nutrition knowledge to behavior and metabolic status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC.
authors.forename: Natalie S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: The
authors.forename: Jamie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Crandell
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Sarah C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Couch
authors.forename: Amy S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Maahs
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dabelea
authors.forename: Santica M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Marcovina
authors.forename: Ralph B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: D'Agostino
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Mayer-Davis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016014:Linear Models; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D044623:Nutrition Therapy; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids
keywords: cardiovascular risk; child; medical nutrition therapy; type 1 diabetes
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