title: Toward a fully integrated wireless wearable EEG-NIRS bimodal acquisition system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interactions between neuronal electrical activity and regional changes in microcirculation are assumed to play a major role in physiological brain activity and the development of pathological disorders, but have been poorly elucidated to date. There is a need for advanced diagnostic tools to investigate the relationships between these two physiological processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  To meet these needs, a wireless wearable system has been developed, which combines a near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system using light emitting diodes (LEDs) as a light source and silicon photodiodes as a detector with an integrated electroencephalography (EEG) system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main advantages over currently available devices are miniaturization and integration of a real-time electrical and hemodynamic activity monitor into one wearable device. For patient distributed monitoring and creating a body-area network, up to seven same devices can be connected to a single base station (PC) synchronously. Each node presents enhanced portability due to the wireless communication and highly integrated components resulting in a small, lightweight signal acquisition device. Further progress includes the individual control of LEDs output to automatically or interactively adjust emitted light to the actual local situation online, the use of silicon photodiodes with a safe low-voltage power supply, and an integrated three dimensional accelerometer for movement detection for the identification of motion artifacts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The device was tested and validated using our enhanced EEG-NIRS tissue mimicking fluid phantom for sensitivity mapping. Typical somatotopic electrical evoked potential experiments were performed to verify clinical applicability.
authors.affiliation: GRAMFC - Inserm U1105, UFR of Medicine of University of Picardie Jules Verne, F-80036 Amiens, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Safaie
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grebe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abrishami Moghaddam
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wallois
mesh_terms: D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004581:Electronics; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007834:Lasers; D008475:Median Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D008904:Miniaturization; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000295:instrumentation; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D059015:Wireless Technology