title: Expression of Inflammatory Biomarkers from Cultured Sebocytes was Influenced by Treatment with Vitamin D.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammatory cytokines are the key factor in the pathophysiology of acne. It is well known that keratinocytes synthesize many kinds of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, it is reported that inflammatory cytokines are also expressed from sebocytes, which originate from the same stem cells with keratinocytes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To clarify changes in the expression of inflammatory biomarkers from cultured sebocytes after treatment with vitamin D.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was done to measure changes in the expression of inflammatory biomarkers, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and several subtypes of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) after treatment of a group of cultured sebocytes with vitamin D. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) small interfering RNA (siRNA) was added in the other group of cultured sebocytes to assure the role of vitamin D on the expression of inflammatory biomarkers. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was also performed in the vitamin D-treated sebocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cultured sebocytes showed non-significant changes in the gene expression of inflammatory biomarkers after treatment with vitamin D. In cultured sebocytes treated with a VDR siRNA, the expression of inflammatory biomarkers was not blocked after treatment with vitamin D. ELISA showed a significant decrease in the expression of IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-9, but a significant increase in the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-3, after treatment with vitamin D (10(-6) M).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of inflammatory biomarkers is influenced by treatment with vitamin D in cultured sebocytes, but not through VDR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Weon Ju
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yoon Hyuk
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Mi Yeung
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Seok-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Do Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Acne; cultured sebocyte; inflammatory cytokines; vitamin D; vitamin D siRNA
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