title: Candida albicans is not always the preferential yeast colonizing humans: a study in Wayampi Amerindians.
abstract: In industrialized countries Candida albicans is considered the predominant commensal yeast of the human intestine, with approximately 40% prevalence in healthy adults. We discovered a highly original colonization pattern that challenges this current perception by studying in a 4- year interval a cohort of 151 Amerindians living in a remote community (French Guiana), and animals from their environment. The prevalence of C. albicans was persistently low (3% and 7% of yeast carriers). By contrast, Candida krusei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were detected in over 30% of carriers. We showed that C. krusei and S. cerevisiae carriage was of food or environmental origin, whereas C. albicans carriage was associated with specific risk factors (being female and living in a crowded household). We also showed using whole-genome sequence comparison that C. albicans strains can persist in the intestinal tract of a healthy individual over a 4-year period.
authors.affiliation: EA3964 Université Paris-Diderot "Résistance bactérienne dans les flores commensales," Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Angebault
authors.forename: Félix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Djossou
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abélanet
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Permal
authors.forename: Mouna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ben Soltana
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Diancourt
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouchier
authors.forename: Paul-Louis
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Woerther
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Catzeflis
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andremont
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: d'Enfert
authors.forename: Marie-Elisabeth
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bougnoux
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D005616:French Guiana; D016681:Genome, Fungal; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D009181:Mycoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D015003:Yeasts / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: MLST; amerindians; candida albicans; intestinal colonization; whole-genome sequencing; yeasts