title: Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination and depletion profile of flunixin residues in tissues after single oral administration in rabbits.
abstract: An ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the detection of flunixin residues in rabbit tissues. The samples were extracted with acidic acetonitrile, defatted with n-hexane, and then purified by HLB solid-phase extraction cartridge. Analysis was carried out on UPLC-ESI-MS/MS working with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The limits of detection (LODs) of the method were 0.3-0.8μgkg(-1) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were 1.0-3.0μgkg(-1) in rabbit tissues, respectively. In all fortified samples at a concentration range of 1.0-300.0μgkg(-1), mean recoveries were 61.7-115.7% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 16%. Residue depletion of flunixin in rabbit was conducted after oral administration at a dose of 5mgkg(-1) of body weight. The average concentrations for flunixin measured 2h post-administration in kidney and intestine were significantly higher than in liver, heart and muscle. The concentrations for flunixin in all rabbit tissues were below the LOD or not detected in all tissues after 96h administration of drug. A minimum withdrawal time of 21h was indicated for residue levels in heart, liver, kidney, intestine and muscle below the maximum residue limits (MRLs).
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine of China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors.forename: Ai-Ling
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xiao-Qi
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Lin-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jian-Cheng
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shuang-Yang
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Xing-Yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Hai-Yang
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003002:Clonixin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007422:Intestines / Q000737:chemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C014557:flunixin; D003002:Clonixin
keywords: Flunixin; Rabbit tissue; Residue depletion; Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; Withdrawal time