title: Fish lily type lectin-1 contains β-prism architecture: immunological characterization.
abstract: In this study we report a full-length lily type lectin-1 (CsLTL-1) identified from striped murrel, Channa striatus. CsLTL-1 was identified from the established C. striatus cDNA library using GS-FLX™ genome sequencing technology and was found to contain 354 nucleotide base pairs and its open reading frame (ORF) encodes a 118 amino acid residue. CsLTL-1 mRNA is predominately expressed in the gills and is up-regulated upon infection with fungus (Aphanomyces invadans) and bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila). Hemagglutination studies with recombinant CsLTL-1 show that, at 4μg/ml agglutinates occurs in a calcium independent manner and is inhibited in the presence of d-mannose (50mM) and d-glucose (100mM). The CsLTL-1 sequence was completely characterized using various bioinformatics tools. CsLTL-1 peptide contains a mannose binding site at 30-99 along with its specific motif of β-prism architecture. The phylogenetic analysis showed that CsLTL-1 clustered together with LTL-1 from Oplegnathus fasciatus. CsLTL-1 protein 3D structure was predicted by I-Tasser program and the model was evaluated using Ramachanran plot analysis. The secondary structure analysis of CsLTL-1 reveals that the protein contains 23% β-sheets and 77% coils. The overall results showed that CsLTL-1 is an important immune gene involved in the recognition and elimination of pathogens in murrels.
authors.affiliation: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts & Science College, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Abirami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arasu
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumaresan
authors.forename: Akila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sathyamoorthi
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palanisamy
authors.forename: Nagaram
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Prabha
authors.forename: Prasanth
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.forename: Arpita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Muthukumaresan Kuppusamy
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Thirumalai
authors.forename: Annie J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Gnanam
authors.forename: Mukesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pasupuleti
authors.forename: Kasi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marimuthu
authors.forename: Jesu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arockiaraj
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000502:physiology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D044744:Aphanomyces / Q000502:physiology; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005880:Gills / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D006386:Hemagglutination Tests; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D037102:Lectins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008358:Mannose / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010473:Perciformes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029941:Fish Proteins; D037102:Lectins; D008358:Mannose
keywords: Channa striatus; Gene expression; Hemagglutination assay; Lily type lectin; Sugar binding specificity