title: A conserved rubredoxin is necessary for photosystem II accumulation in diverse oxygenic photoautotrophs.
abstract: In oxygenic photosynthesis, two photosystems work in tandem to harvest light energy and generate NADPH and ATP. Photosystem II (PSII), the protein-pigment complex that uses light energy to catalyze the splitting of water, is assembled from its component parts in a tightly regulated process that requires a number of assembly factors. The 2pac mutant of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was isolated and found to have no detectable PSII activity, whereas other components of the photosynthetic electron transport chain, including photosystem I, were still functional. PSII activity was fully restored by complementation with the RBD1 gene, which encodes a small iron-sulfur protein known as a rubredoxin. Phylogenetic evidence supports the hypothesis that this rubredoxin and its orthologs are unique to oxygenic phototrophs and distinct from rubredoxins in Archaea and bacteria (excluding cyanobacteria). Knockouts of the rubredoxin orthologs in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and the plant Arabidopsis thaliana were also found to be specifically affected in PSII accumulation. Taken together, our data suggest that this rubredoxin is necessary for normal PSII activity in a diverse set of organisms that perform oxygenic photosynthesis.
authors.affiliation: From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Calderon
authors.forename: José G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: García-Cerdán
authors.forename: Alizée
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malnoë
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaw
authors.forename: Rachel M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Vitry
authors.forename: Krishna K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Niyogi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000737:chemistry; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D010788:Photosynthesis; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012416:Rubredoxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D012639:Seeds / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D046939:Synechocystis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D012416:Rubredoxins; D002734:Chlorophyll
keywords: Arabidopsis; Chlamydomonas; Chloroplast; Electron transport; Iron-sulfur protein; Photosynthesis; Photosystem II; Rubredoxin; Synechocystis
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