title: Host species barriers to Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus replication and carcinogenesis.
abstract: Understanding the factors governing host species barriers to virus transmission has added significantly to our appreciation of virus pathogenesis. Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) is the causative agent of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA), a transmissible lung cancer of sheep that has rarely been found in goats. In this study, in order to further clarify the pathogenesis of OPA, we investigated whether goats are resistant to JSRV replication and carcinogenesis. We found that JSRV induces lung tumors in goats with macroscopic and histopathological features that dramatically differ from those in sheep. However, the origins of the tumor cells in the two species are identical. Interestingly, in experimentally infected lambs and goat kids, we revealed major differences in the number of virus-infected cells at early stages of infection. These differences were not related to the number of available target cells for virus infection and cell transformation or the presence of a host-specific immune response toward JSRV. Indeed, we also found that goats possess transcriptionally active endogenous retroviruses (enJSRVs) that likely influence the host immune response toward the exogenous JSRV. Overall, these results suggest that goat cells, or at least those cells targeted for viral carcinogenesis, are not permissive to virus replication but can be transformed by JSRV.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, Teramo, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caporale
authors.forename: Henny
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Martineau
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De las Heras
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murgia
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Centorame
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Francesco
authors.forename: Luigina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Gialleonardo
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palmarini
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006041:Goats; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D022141:Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011648:Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012756:Sheep; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral
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