title: Characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cord and for fabrication of non-scaffold tissue-engineered cartilage.
abstract: Once cartilage is damaged, it has limited potential for self-repair. Autologous chondrocyte implantation is an effective treatment, but patients may suffer during cartilage harvesting and the donor-site morbidity may accelerate joint degeneration. Using autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived chondrocytes is another selection, while it also causes some injuring. The umbilical cord, an ecto-embryo tissue may be an ideal source of cells, because of its accessibility, abundant resources, painless procedures for harvesting, and lack of ethical issues. We isolated MSCs from Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cord (WMSCs), which expressed CD44, CD105 and CD271 but not CD34 and CD45 with flow cytometry analysis. RT-PCR showed not only positive expression of CD90, c-kit, Sca1, SH2 and SH3 but also positive expression of the chondrocyte markers Sox-9 and Col-2A1. WMSCs cultured in high-density in the presence of transforming growth factor β1 and dexamethasone showed cartilage extracellular matrix-secretion and integrated into a thin piece of cell-based membrane. The cell-based thin membrane cultured in rotary cell culture system formed a round, opaque, glistening non-scaffold cartilage-like tissue, larger and condenser than what was formed with conventional pellet culture. Glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen content significantly increased after 3-week culture. The human WMSCs express characteristics of pre-chondrocytes, low immunogenicity and are easy to be obtained with higher purity because there have no hematopoietic cells in Wharton's jelly, so it may be a new seed cells more suitable for constructing tissue-engineered cartilage.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Shuyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Ke Dong
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Aiyuan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Shibi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: doctorguo@163.com.
authors.forename: Quanyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000166:cytology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000166:cytology; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology*; D059631:Wharton Jelly / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024043:Collagen Type II; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans
keywords: Cartilage; Characterization; Mesenchymal stem cells; Non-scaffold; Tissue engineering; Umbilical cord Wharton's jelly