title: Weight reduction in patients with coronary artery disease: comparison of Traditional Tibetan Medicine and Western diet.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To test alternative medicine approaches with a specifically designed Tibetan dietary and behavioral program in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) and manifest metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized, controlled, double-blinded, parallel group dietary and behavioral intervention study. Between December 2008 and November 2010, patients were randomly adjudicated either to evidence-based Western diet (usual care), or to Tibetan diet. We evaluated 524 patients undergoing coronary angiography. All patients were white Caucasian, presented with a body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m(2), and had evidence of metabolic syndrome. The primary endpoint was change in body weight and BMI at 6 months follow-up. Secondary endpoints included blood pressure, heart rate, intima media thickness, lipids, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP) at 6 months follow-up and change in body weight and BMI at 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups of patients showed significantly reduced body weight and BMI compared to baseline (6 months, usual care weight change: -3.2 ± 3.0 kg; BMI change: -1.1 ± 1.0 kg/m(2); Tibetan diet weight change: -6.2 ± 4.4 kg/m(2); BMI change: -2.1 ± 1.5 kg/m(2)), but these changes were more pronounced in Tibetan diet compared to usual care (all, p<0.001). Beneficial effects on weight and BMI were maintained after 12 months of follow-up (p<0.0001). Levels of total and LDL cholesterols, fibrinogen and CRP were decreased in both groups, but more pronounced in Tibetan diet (Tibetan diet vs. usual care (total cholesterol): 176.2 ± 43.7 vs. 185.1 ± 47.8 mg/dL; p=0.024; LDL: 111.6 ± 37.8 vs. 119.4 ± 40.9 mg/dL; p=0.026; fibrinogen: 318.3 ± 90.4 vs. 334.1 ± 87.9 mg/dL; p=0.040; CRP: 1.2 ± 3.0 vs. 2.2 ± 4.5mg/dL; p=0.036).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tibetan diet reduces body weight and BMI in patients with CAD and metabolic syndrome after 6 months significantly better than Western diet and may induce lipid-modifying and anti-inflammatory effects (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00810992).
authors.affiliation: Applied Cachexia Research, Department of Cardiology, Charité Medical School, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: von Haehling
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stellos
authors.forename: Namgyal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Qusar
authors.forename: Meinrad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gawaz
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bigalke
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D038861:Medicine, Tibetan Traditional / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: BMI; Body weight loss diet; Coronary artery disease; Metabolic syndrome; Traditional Tibetan Medicine