title: Immunization against small ruminant lentiviruses.
abstract: Multisystemic disease caused by Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLV) in sheep and goats leads to production losses, to the detriment of animal health and welfare. This, together with the lack of treatments, has triggered interest in exploring different strategies of immunization to control the widely spread SRLV infection and, also, to provide a useful model for HIV vaccines. These strategies involve inactivated whole virus, subunit vaccines, DNA encoding viral proteins in the presence or absence of plasmids encoding immunological adjuvants and naturally or artificially attenuated viruses. In this review, we revisit, comprehensively, the immunization strategies against SRLV and analyze this double edged tool individually, as it may contribute to either controlling or enhancing virus replication and/or disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agrobiotechnology, CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarra, Ctra. Mutilva Baja s/n, Navarra 31192, Spain. ramses.reina@unavarra.es
authors.forename: Ramsés
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reina
authors.forename: Damián
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Andrés
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Amorena
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006041:Goats; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines
references.citation: Virology. 2001 Jan 5;279(1):116-29
references.pmid: 11145895
references.citation: Virology. 2011 Feb 5;410(1):88-95
references.pmid: 21094509
references.citation: BMC Mol Biol. 2008 Nov 18;9:104
references.pmid: 19017397
references.citation: Antiviral Res. 2011 Nov;92(2):292-304
references.pmid: 21893100
references.citation: J Virol. 2006 Jan;80(2):912-9
references.pmid: 16378993
references.citation: Vaccine. 2000 May 22;18(23):2494-503
references.pmid: 10775783
references.citation: Virology. 1996 Oct 1;224(1):246-55
references.pmid: 8862419
references.citation: J Virol. 1998 Aug;72(8):6796-804
references.pmid: 9658128
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 2013 Apr 12;163(1-2):33-41
references.pmid: 23290119
references.citation: Vet J. 2009 Oct;182(1):31-7
references.pmid: 18755622
references.citation: Virology. 2003 Feb 1;306(1):116-25
references.pmid: 12620804
references.citation: Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2004 May;99(1-2):25-37
references.pmid: 15113651
references.citation: Immunogenetics. 1988;28(5):303-9
references.pmid: 3169879
references.citation: Curr HIV Res. 2013 Jan;11(1):2-9
references.pmid: 23278353
references.citation: Vaccine. 2012 Apr 26;30(20):3097-105
references.pmid: 22394994
references.citation: Vaccine. 2009 Jul 23;27(34):4591-600
references.pmid: 19538997
references.citation: J Virol. 1997 Oct;71(10):7488-97
references.pmid: 9311828
references.citation: J Virol. 2010 Aug;84(16):8193-201
references.pmid: 20519393
references.citation: Virology. 2004 Feb 5;319(1):12-26
references.pmid: 14967484
references.citation: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2008 Oct;24(10):1285-90
references.pmid: 18851679
references.citation: Cell. 1992 Dec 24;71(7):1065-8
references.pmid: 1335362
references.citation: Vaccine. 2001 Feb 8;19(13-14):1643-51
references.pmid: 11166887
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 1987 Mar;13(3):201-4
references.pmid: 2821670
references.citation: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Apr;104(1):32-6
references.pmid: 8603529
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2012 Jan;8(1):e1002467
references.pmid: 22291605
references.citation: Front Biosci. 2007 Jan 01;12:1532-43
references.pmid: 17127400
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 2010 Jul 29;144(1-2):24-31
references.pmid: 20060658
references.citation: Mol Biol Int. 2012;2012:974924
references.pmid: 22720156
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Sep 18;104(38):15105-10
references.pmid: 17846425
references.citation: Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2011 Feb 15;139(2-4):237-44
references.pmid: 21122927
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 4;103(14):5514-9
references.pmid: 16540544
references.citation: J Virol. 1995 Sep;69(9):5445-54
references.pmid: 7636990
references.citation: Vaccine. 2012 Apr 19;30(19):2956-62
references.pmid: 22387218
references.citation: Am J Vet Res. 1986 Mar;47(3):537-40
references.pmid: 3008599
references.citation: Vaccine. 2005 Jul 29;23(34):4342-52
references.pmid: 16005743
references.citation: Virology. 1997 Mar 17;229(2):370-80
references.pmid: 9126250
references.citation: Science. 2004 Jun 4;304(5676):1437
references.pmid: 15178780
references.citation: Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2008 May 15;123(1-2):65-80
references.pmid: 18295907
references.citation: Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 May;35(3):259-69
references.pmid: 22237012
references.citation: Vaccine. 2000 Jan 18;18(13):1282-7
references.pmid: 10649630
references.citation: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2011 Mar;27(3):231-8
references.pmid: 21247355
references.citation: Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2007 Oct 15;119(3-4):222-32
references.pmid: 17624445
references.citation: Arch Virol. 2013 Mar;158(3):559-70
references.pmid: 23124887
references.citation: Virology. 2008 May 10;374(2):261-72
references.pmid: 18261756
references.citation: Vaccine. 2001 Apr 30;19(23-24):3209-15
references.pmid: 11312017
references.citation: Blood Rev. 1996 Jun;10(2):111-27
references.pmid: 8813343
references.citation: Eur J Immunogenet. 1993 Aug;20(4):285-8
references.pmid: 8399124
references.citation: Vaccine. 2010 Nov 29;28(51):8095-104
references.pmid: 20955830
references.citation: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1996 Mar 20;12(5):409-11
references.pmid: 8882321
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 2007 May;88(Pt 5):1589-1593
references.pmid: 17412991
references.citation: J Virol. 2001 Jan;75(1):548-55
references.pmid: 11119626
references.citation: Virology. 2002 Sep 15;301(1):21-31
references.pmid: 12359443
references.citation: J Virol. 2008 Apr;82(8):4052-63
references.pmid: 18234792
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 2007 Dec;88(Pt 12):3423-3427
references.pmid: 18024912
references.citation: Viral Immunol. 2007 Dec;20(4):609-22
references.pmid: 18158734
references.citation: J Virol. 2009 Jan;83(2):1152-5
references.pmid: 18987157
references.citation: Anim Genet. 2009 Oct;40(5):583-9
references.pmid: 19397512
references.citation: J Virol. 2001 Aug;75(16):7384-91
references.pmid: 11462010
references.citation: Vaccine. 2008 Aug 18;26(35):4494-505
references.pmid: 18606204
references.citation: J Virol. 1996 Feb;70(2):1213-7
references.pmid: 8551582
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e42163
references.pmid: 22848738
references.citation: Vet Res. 2004 May-Jun;35(3):257-74
references.pmid: 15210075
references.citation: Intervirology. 1989;30 Suppl 1:36-44
references.pmid: 2540112
references.citation: J Virol. 2012 Sep;86(17):9504-9
references.pmid: 22696640
references.citation: Arch Virol. 2011 Aug;156(8):1455-62
references.pmid: 21499906
references.citation: PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e55490
references.pmid: 23408992
references.citation: Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2012 May;2(5):a006940
references.pmid: 22553496
references.citation: Clin Exp Immunol. 1995 Nov;102(2):274-80
references.pmid: 7586678
references.citation: FEBS J. 2009 Nov;276(21):6118-27
references.pmid: 19825046
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 1997 Oct;151(4):1053-65
references.pmid: 9327739
references.citation: Vaccine. 2009 Jan 7;27(2):260-9
references.pmid: 18984025
references.citation: Vaccine. 2006 Feb 6;24(6):738-49
references.pmid: 16202485
references.citation: Vaccine. 2005 May 2;23(24):3223-8
references.pmid: 15837223
references.citation: Arch Virol. 2009;154(5):867-73
references.pmid: 19363668