title: NOD1 and NOD2 receptors: integral members of the innate and adaptive immunity system.
abstract: NOD-like proteins (NLR) are a specialized group of intracellular receptors, which constitute an essential component of the host innate immune system. They were discovered more than a decade ago, but research on this particular class of microbial detectors is still ongoing to allow for a better understanding of the mechanisms, recognition of microorganisms, transmission of signals, and carrying out the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the construction of NOD1 and NOD2 receptors, their functions, and significance in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Antosz
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osiak
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D001343:Autophagy; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000956:Antigens, Viral; C119067:NOD1 protein, human; C429018:NOD2 protein, human; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species