title: [Effects of perindopril on expression of kidney aquaporin-2 and urine aquaporin-2 excretion in chronic heart failure rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the expression of kidney aquaporin-2 (AQP2) and urine AQP2 excretion in chronic heart failure (CHF) rats and investigate effects of perindopril on the expression and excretion of AQP2.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty rats were randomized into three groups: control group, CHF group, CHF + Perindopril group. According to left ventricular myocardial infarction size, CHF group and perindopril group were further divided into heart failure subgroup (LVMI ≥ 20%) and cardiac functional compensation subgroup (LVMI < 20%), respectively. Blood and urine samples were collected from the rats for measuring serum Na(+), urine volume and urine osmolality. The concentration of plasma arginine vasopressin (p-AVP) was detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Immunohistochemistry, semi-quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were performed for measurement of kidney inner medullary AQP2. The concentration of Urine AQP2 was measured by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (indirect ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, Western blot examinations revealed increased quantity of the inner kidney medullary AQP2 expression (0.2013 ± 0.0417), AQP2 mRNA (0.98 ± 0.33) and AQP2 protein expression (0.94 ± 0.21) in heart failure subgroup (n = 13) compared to control group (n = 20, 0.1518 ± 0.0214, 0.58 ± 0.51, 0.51 ± 0.46), which could be significantly by perindopril (n = 13, 0.0712 ± 0.0218, 0.76 ± 0.45, 0.82 ± 0.49, all P < 0.05 vs. heart failure subgroup). The concentration of plasma arginine AVP [(19.72 ± 3.91) ng/ml] and Urine AQP2 [(82.52 ± 11.77) ng/L] were significantly higher in heart failure subgroup than in control group [n = 20, (51.67 ± 12.58) ng/L, (6.94 ± 3.10) ng/ml] (P < 0.05), which were significantly reduced by perindopril [n = 13, (15.65 ± 4.10) ng/L, (71.65 ± 9.21) ng/ml].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased expression of the kidney inner medullary AQP2 and the excretion of urine AQP2 in chronic heart failure rats could be reduced by perindopril.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanhua University, Hengyang 421001, China.
authors.forename: Shao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xi-Bin
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Kuang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051399:Aquaporin 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020913:Perindopril / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: C496025:Aqp2 protein, rat; D051399:Aquaporin 2; D020913:Perindopril