title: Out of balance--systemic iron homeostasis in iron-related disorders.
abstract: Iron is an essential element in our daily diet. Most iron is required for the de novo synthesis of red blood cells, where it plays a critical role in oxygen binding to hemoglobin. Thus, iron deficiency causes anemia, a major public health burden worldwide. On the other extreme, iron accumulation in critical organs such as liver, heart, and pancreas causes organ dysfunction due to the generation of oxidative stress. Therefore, systemic iron levels must be tightly balanced. Here we focus on the regulatory role of the hepcidin/ferroportin circuitry as the major regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. We discuss how regulatory cues (e.g., iron, inflammation, or hypoxia) affect the hepcidin response and how impairment of the hepcidin/ferroportin regulatory system causes disorders of iron metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster 48149, Germany. andrea.steinbicker@ukmuenster.de
authors.forename: Andrea U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Steinbicker
authors.forename: Martina U
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Muckenthaler
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D064451:Hepcidins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D019190:Iron Overload / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000098742:Ferroportin
chemical_list: D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D064451:Hepcidins; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D000098742:Ferroportin
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