title: Evolution and biology of supernumerary B chromosomes.
abstract: B chromosomes (Bs) are dispensable components of the genome exhibiting non-Mendelian inheritance and have been widely reported on over several thousand eukaryotes, but still remain an evolutionary mystery ever since their first discovery over a century ago [1]. Recent advances in genome analysis have significantly improved our knowledge on the origin and composition of Bs in the last few years. In contrast to the prevalent view that Bs do not harbor genes, recent analysis revealed that Bs of sequenced species are rich in gene-derived sequences. We summarize the latest findings on supernumerary chromosomes with a special focus on the origin, DNA composition, and the non-Mendelian accumulation mechanism of Bs.
authors.affiliation: Chromosome Structure and Function Laboratory, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany, houben@ipk-gatersleben.de.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Houben
authors.forename: Ali Mohammad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Banaei-Moghaddam
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klemme
authors.forename: Jeremy N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Timmis
mesh_terms: D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D040582:Inheritance Patterns / Q000235:genetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D011544:Pseudogenes / Q000235:genetics*; D013045:Species Specificity
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