title: Intraductal glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast: a rare presentation and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast is a rare histological subtype of breast cancer, accounting for 0.9-2.8% of all breast cancer cases. Fewer than 100 cases have been reported in the literature. Most of these tumors are invasive carcinomas. The intraductal glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma is a very rare occurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Herein is described a case of a pure intraductal glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast in a 42-year-old premenopausal woman. A literature review has also been carried out. Mammography was inconclusive due to the presence of dense breast tissue, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed several nodular lesions measuring 7 × 6 cm in diameter and involving the upper aspect of the right breast suggestive of multifocal malignancy. A modified radical mastectomy was performed. The patient started hormonal therapy with tamoxifen and is currently well 16 months after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A pure intraductal glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast is a very rare occurrence. The case presented here exhibited uncommon MRI features, whereas the tumor size is one of the largest reported in the literature. Mammography may be inconclusive in the presence of dense breast tissue, but MRI is of great importance in the preoperative evaluation of the patient.
authors.affiliation: Breast Surgery Unit, Army General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Salemis
keywords: Clear cell breast carcinoma: glycogen-rich, intraductal
references.citation: Pathologica. 2001 Dec;93(6):676-80
references.pmid: 11785121
references.citation: Breast Cancer. 2005;12(3):189-95
references.pmid: 16110288
references.citation: Ann Oncol. 2009 Nov;20(11):1763-70
references.pmid: 19602565
references.citation: Am J Surg Pathol. 1986 Aug;10(8):553-9
references.pmid: 3017138
references.citation: J Clin Pathol. 2003 Jul;56(7):552-4
references.pmid: 12835305
references.citation: Hum Pathol. 1991 Jan;22(1):81-3
references.pmid: 1985082
references.citation: Diagn Cytopathol. 2005 Oct;33(4):263-7
references.pmid: 16138378
references.citation: Am J Surg Pathol. 1995 Aug;19(8):904-11
references.pmid: 7611537
references.citation: Cancer. 1981 Nov 1;48(9):2003-9
references.pmid: 6271388
references.citation: J Med Invest. 2002 Aug;49(3-4):193-6
references.pmid: 12323010
references.citation: Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003 Dec;127(12):1629-30
references.pmid: 14632562
references.citation: J Med Ultrason (2001). 2009 Mar;36(1):39-43
references.pmid: 27276908
references.citation: Acta Cytol. 2008 Jan-Feb;52(1):65-71
references.pmid: 18323277
references.citation: World J Surg Oncol. 2008 Apr 29;6:44
references.pmid: 18442419
references.citation: Hum Pathol. 1985 Nov;16(11):1085-90
references.pmid: 2997016
references.citation: Acta Cytol. 1997 Mar-Apr;41(2):556-60
references.pmid: 9100798