title: [Keratoconus].
abstract: Keratoconus is a slowly progressive, non-inflammatory disorder of the eye characterized by thinning and protrusion of the cornea. Typically diagnosed in the patient's adolescent years, keratoconus may lead to substantial distortion of vision primarily from irregular astigmatism and myopia, and secondarily from corneal scarring. The classic histopathologic features include breaks in Bowman's layer and thinning of the corneal stroma. The etiology of keratoconus remains unclear. Form fruste keratoconus shows little progression, and has become known due to videotopographic analysis; it is very important to rule out in refractive surgery candidates. Treatment begins first and foremost with contact lenses, progressing to surgery as contact lens intolerance develops, with the goal of stabilization, including: cross-linking, intrastromal corneal ring segments and corneal transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence national du kératocône (CRNK), 33076 Bordeaux, France; Centre de référence national du kératocône (CRNK), 31059 Toulouse, France; Hôpital Purpan, CHU de Toulouse, place du Docteur-Baylac, TSA 40031, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France. Electronic address: fournie.p@chu-toulouse.fr.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fournié
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Touboul
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Arné
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Colin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Malecaze
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003261:Contact Lenses; D003663:Decision Trees; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007640:Keratoconus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Anneaux intra-cornéens; Contact lenses; Cornea; Corneal topography; Corneal transplant; Cornée; Cross-linking; Ectasia; Ectasie; Intrastromal corneal ring segments; Keratoconus; Kératocône; Kératoplastie; Lentilles de contact; Topographies cornéennes