title: Anti-inflammatory strategies to enhance islet engraftment and survival.
abstract: Early innate inflammatory reaction strongly affects islet engraftment and survival after intrahepatic transplantation. This early immune response is triggered by ischemia-reperfusion injury and instant blood mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) occurring hours and days after islet infusion. Evidence in both mouse model and in human counterpart suggest the involvement of coagulation, complement system, and proinflammatory chemokines/cytokines. Identification and targeting of pathway(s), playing a role as "master regulator(s)" in post-transplant detrimental inflammatory events, is now mandatory to improve islet transplantation success. This review will focus on inflammatory pathway(s) differentially modulated by islet isolation and mainly associated with the early post-transplant events. Moreover, we will take into account anti-inflammatory strategies that have been tested at 2 levels: on the graft, ex vivo, during islet culture (i.e., donor) and/or on the graft site, in vivo, early after islet infusion (i.e., recipient).
authors.affiliation: Beta Cell Biology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy, citro.antonio@hsr.it.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Citro
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cantarelli
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Piemonti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018925:Chemokines
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