title: Metabolic syndrome prevalence in different affective temperament profiles in bipolar-I disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Temperament originates in the brain structure, and individual differences are attributable to neural and physiological function differences. It has been suggested that temperament is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers, which may be partly mediated by lifestyle and socioeconomic status. Therefore, we aim to compare MetS prevalence between different affective temperamental profiles for each season in bipolar patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six bipolar type-I patients of a specialized outpatient mood disorder unit were evaluated for MetS according to new definition proposed by the International Diabetes Federation in the four seasons of a year. Temperament was assessed using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego - autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportions of MetS were 19.2, 23.1, 34.6, and 38.5% in the summer, fall, spring, and winter, respectively. Only depressive temperament scores were higher (p = 0.002) during the winter in patients with MetS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that depressive temperament profiles may predispose an individual to the development of MetS in the winter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey. kursataltinbas@gmail.com
authors.forename: Kursat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Altinbas
authors.forename: Sinan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guloksuz
authors.forename: E Timucin
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Oral
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D012621:Seasons; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013694:Temperament / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult