title: Effects of artonin e on migration and invasion capabilities of human lung cancer cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Knowledge regarding substances that attenuate motility of cancer cells has gathered significant attention, as they benefit the development of novel anticancer strategies. The anti-migration and anti-invasion activities of artonin E, extracted from bark of Artocarpus gomezianus, were investigated in lung cancer cells in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effects of artonin E were examined by 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Migration and invasion assays were performed on H460, H23, A549 and H292 human lung cancer cells. Cell morphology was determined by phalloidin-rhodamine staining. Motility-related proteins were investigated by western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Artonin E exhibited anti-migration and anti-invasion activities in H460 cells. Cell morphology revealed that treatment of the cells with non-toxic concentrations of artonin E resulted in a decrease of activated focal adhesion kinase (FAK), downstream protein kinase B (AKT) activation, and Cell division cycle-42 (CDC42), all of which were associated with the anti-motility effect of this compound. Artonin E inhibited invasion and migration of other lung cancer cells, namely H292, H23 and A549 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that artonin E may be a promising candidate for anti-metastasis use.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Phatumwan, Bangkok, Thailand 10330. pithi_chan@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Kanok
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Plaibua
authors.forename: Varisa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pongrakhananon
authors.forename: Preedakorn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chunhacha
authors.forename: Boonchoo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sritularak
authors.forename: Pithi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chanvorachote
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051242:Caveolin 1; D005419:Flavonoids; C066727:artonin E; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein
keywords: A549; H23; H292 cells; H460; Metastasis; artonin E; invasion; lung cancer cells; migration