title: Smoking behaviors in a community-based cohort of HIV-infected indigent adults.
abstract: We conducted a longitudinal study of a community-based cohort of HIV-infected indigent adults to examine smoking behaviors and factors associated with quitting. We assessed "hardcore" smoking behaviors associated with a low probability of quitting. Of the 296 participants, 218 were current smokers (73.6 %). The prevalence of "hardcore" smoking was high: 59.6 % smoked ≥15 cigarettes per day, and 67.3 % were daily smokers. During the study interval, 20.6 % made at least one quit attempt. Of these, 53.3 % were abstinent at 6 months. The successful quit rate over 2 years was 4.6 %. Illegal substance use (adjusted odds ratio, AOR 0.2, 95 % CI 0.1-0.6) and smoking within 30 min of waking (AOR 0.2, 95 % CI 0.1-0.7) were associated with lower likelihood of making a quit attempt. Interventions that reduce nicotine dependence prior to smoking cessation and those that are integrated with substance use treatment may be effective for this population.
authors.affiliation: Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 3855 Health Science Drive, MC 0901, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0901, USA, mvijayaraghavan@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijayaraghavan
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Penko
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vittinghoff
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bangsberg
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miaskowski
authors.forename: Margot B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Kushel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011203:Poverty; D015995:Prevalence; D012495:San Francisco / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology
references.citation: Annu Rev Public Health. 2010;31:297-314 1p following 314
references.pmid: 20001818
references.citation: Tob Control. 2006 Jun;15 Suppl 3:iii83-94
references.pmid: 16754952
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2005 Aug;7(4):511-22
references.pmid: 16085522
references.citation: Am J Addict. 2005 Mar-Apr;14(2):106-23
references.pmid: 16019961
references.citation: AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2012 Aug;26(8):479-85
references.pmid: 22612468
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2008 Apr;10(4):731-6
references.pmid: 18418794
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 2011 Nov 28;171(21):1901-7
references.pmid: 22123796
references.citation: Am J Health Behav. 2008 Jan-Feb;32(1):3-15
references.pmid: 18021029
references.citation: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Sep 9;60(35):1207-12
references.pmid: 21900875
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2003 Feb;5(1):13-25
references.pmid: 12745503
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Depend. 1994 Feb;34(3):211-6
references.pmid: 8033758
references.citation: Am J Prev Med. 2010 Aug;39(2):164-72
references.pmid: 20621264
references.citation: Addict Behav. 2004 Aug;29(6):1155-61
references.pmid: 15236817
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 Aug;12(8):860-4
references.pmid: 20601409
references.citation: AIDS Behav. 2012 Feb;16(2):288-94
references.pmid: 21301950
references.citation: AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2007 Jul;21(7):458-68
references.pmid: 17651027
references.citation: Addiction. 2005 Aug;100(8):1074-89
references.pmid: 16042638
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2006 Apr;8(2):287-96
references.pmid: 16766421
references.citation: AIDS Behav. 2010 Aug;14(4):824-35
references.pmid: 18777131
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 26;338(13):853-60
references.pmid: 9516219
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2004 Feb;6(1):71-7
references.pmid: 14982690
references.citation: Am J Public Health. 2004 Jul;94(7):1207-17
references.pmid: 15226145
references.citation: J Gen Intern Med. 2007 Jun;22(6):749-54
references.pmid: 17503106
references.citation: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009 Nov 13;58(44):1227-32
references.pmid: 19910909
references.citation: Ann Behav Med. 1999 Spring;21(1):71-6
references.pmid: 18425657
references.citation: AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2002 Jan;16(1):39-42
references.pmid: 11839217
references.citation: Am J Public Health. 2006 Jun;96(6):1060-5
references.pmid: 16670229
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 Jul;12(7):756-62
references.pmid: 20504946
references.citation: J Pain Symptom Manage. 2011 Dec;42(6):893-902
references.pmid: 21802896
references.citation: Eur J Med Res. 2003 Jun 30;8(6):229-35
references.pmid: 12911871
references.citation: Clin Trials. 2010 Apr;7(2):157-66
references.pmid: 20338901
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 2012 Jun;63(6):569-76
references.pmid: 22476200
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 2003 Mar;129(2):270-304
references.pmid: 12696841
references.citation: Addiction. 1996 Sep;91(9):1271-80; discussion 1281-92
references.pmid: 8854358
references.citation: Addiction. 2012 Feb;107(2):434-40
references.pmid: 21954978
references.citation: Trials. 2009 Aug 14;10:69
references.pmid: 19682359
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2013 Jan;15(1):22-8
references.pmid: 22589422
references.citation: Prev Med. 1991 Sep;20(5):590-601
references.pmid: 1758840
references.citation: Addiction. 2011 Dec;106(12):2110-21
references.pmid: 21752135
references.citation: Addict Behav. 2004 Jan;29(1):51-60
references.pmid: 14667420
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2004 Aug;6(4):621-9
references.pmid: 15370158
references.citation: J Gen Intern Med. 2002 May;17(5):369-72
references.pmid: 12047734
references.citation: J Pain. 2011 Sep;12(9):1004-16
references.pmid: 21684218
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 Sep 1;117(2-3):111-7
references.pmid: 21411244
references.citation: J Gen Intern Med. 2005 Dec;20(12):1142-5
references.pmid: 16423106
references.citation: Addiction. 1998 Feb;93(2):277-86
references.pmid: 9624728
references.citation: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006 Sep;43(1):27-34
references.pmid: 16878047
references.citation: Clin Infect Dis. 2013 Mar;56(5):727-34
references.pmid: 23254417
references.citation: AIDS Educ Prev. 2009 Jun;21(3 Suppl):14-27
references.pmid: 19537951
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005 Mar 16;97(6):425-32
references.pmid: 15770006
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1981 Apr;38(4):381-9
references.pmid: 6260053
references.citation: Am J Public Health. 2000 Mar;90(3):387-94
references.pmid: 10705856
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2001 Aug;58(8):721-8
references.pmid: 11483137
references.citation: J Behav Med. 2012 Oct;35(5):484-91
references.pmid: 21850514
references.citation: Infection. 2013 Apr;41(2):347-53
references.pmid: 22971938