title: Differences in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-improved rice resistance to low temperature at two N levels: aspects of N and C metabolism on the plant side.
abstract: We performed an experiment to determine how N and C metabolism is involved in the low-temperature tolerance of mycorrhizal rice (Oryza sativa) at different N levels and examined the possible signaling molecules involved in the stress response of mycorrhizal rice. Pot cultures were performed, and mycorrhizal rice growth was evaluated based on treatments at two temperatures (15 °C and 25 °C) and two N levels (20 mg pot(-1) and 50 mg pot(-1)). The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization of rice resulted in different responses of the plants to low and high N levels. The mycorrhizal rice with the low N supplementation had more positive feedback from the symbiotic AMF, as indicated by accelerated N and C metabolism of rice possibly involving jasmonic acid (JA) and the up-regulation of enzyme activities for N and C metabolism. Furthermore, the response of the mycorrhizal rice plants to low temperature was associated with P uptake and nitric oxide (NO).
authors.affiliation: Lab of Soil Microbiology and Nutrient Cycle, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Ji-Lin 130102, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Lei
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuan-Jing
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Xian-Can
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Vandna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.forename: Xing-Yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Chun-Jie
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012275:Oryza / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: AMF; AMs; AOC; AOS; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF); CAT; Carbon (C); ERM; GS; IRM; JA; Jasmonic acid (JA); Low temperature; MDA; N level; N-use efficiency in recovery; NO; NR; Nitrogen (N); POD; RE; Rice (Oryza sativa); SOD; SPS; SS; allene oxide cyclase; allene oxide synthase; arbuscular mycorrhizae; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; catalase; extraradical mycelium; glutamine synthetase; intraradical mycelium; jasmonic acid; methane dicarboxylic aldehyde; nitrate reductase; nitric oxide; peroxidase; sucrose phosphate synthase; sucrose synthase; superoxide dismutase