title: Persistence of fipronil and its metabolites in soil under field conditions.
abstract: Fipronil belongs to phenylpyrazole class of chemical compounds. Degradation of fipronil in sandy loam soil was investigated under field conditions by applying fipronil (Regent 5 % SC) at 50 (T 1) and 100 g a.i. ha(-1) (T 2) in field. Samples were drawn periodically in triplicate on 0 (1 h after treatment), 1, 3, 7, 10, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days after treatment and analyzed on GC-ECD system equipped with capillary column. The residues of fipronil in both the doses dissipated in the range of 93.33-100 % in 90 days. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of determination (LODe/LOQ) were 0.0003 and 0.001 mg kg(-1), respectively. Dissipation followed a biphasic first-order kinetics with half-life values of 10.81 and 9.97 days for fipronil alone and 8.14 and 13.05 days for fipronil along with metabolites in soil at (T 1) and (T 2) treatments, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Physics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125 004, India.
authors.forename: Sunayana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.forename: Mamta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rani
authors.forename: Beena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kumari
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006207:Half-Life; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D007700:Kinetics; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011720:Pyrazoles; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C082360:fipronil
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Mar;49(3):1293-7
references.pmid: 11312853
references.citation: J Environ Sci Health B. 2003 Mar;38(2):133-46
references.pmid: 12617552
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Aug;47(8):3367-71
references.pmid: 10552659
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem. 2004 Jun 15;12(12):3345-55
references.pmid: 15158803
references.citation: Chemosphere. 2004 Dec;57(11):1691-6
references.pmid: 15519415
references.citation: Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001 May;20(5):972-7
references.pmid: 11337886
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 12;93(23):12764-7
references.pmid: 8917493
references.citation: J Chromatogr A. 1999 May 28;843(1-2):301-22
references.pmid: 10399858
references.citation: Environ Pollut. 2005 Jan;133(1):11-6
references.pmid: 15327851