title: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound accelerates tooth movement via activation of the BMP-2 signaling pathway.
abstract: The present study was designed to determine the underlying mechanism of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) induced alveolar bone remodeling and the role of BMP-2 expression in a rat orthodontic tooth movement model. Orthodontic appliances were placed between the homonymy upper first molars and the upper central incisors in rats under general anesthesia, followed by daily 20-min LIPUS or sham LIPUS treatment beginning at day 0. Tooth movement distances and molecular changes were evaluated at each observation point. In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to detect HGF (Hepatocyte growth factor)/Runx2/BMP-2 signaling pathways and receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL) expression by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry. At day 3, LIPUS had no effect on the rat orthodontic tooth movement distance and BMP-2-induced alveolar bone remodeling. However, beginning at day 5 and for the following time points, LIPUS significantly increased orthodontic tooth movement distance and BMP-2 signaling pathway and RANKL expression compared with the control group. The qRT-PCR and Western blot data in vitro and in vivo to study BMP-2 expression were consistent with the immunohistochemistry observations. The present study demonstrates that LIPUS promotes alveolar bone remodeling by stimulating the HGF/Runx2/BMP-2 signaling pathway and RANKL expression in a rat orthodontic tooth movement model, and LIPUS increased BMP-2 expression via Runx2 regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Ziping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Xiufeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Caidi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sanhu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shayanne A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lajud
authors.forename: Yinzhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D014086:Tooth Mobility / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: C525720:Bmp2 protein, rat; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D053245:RANK Ligand; C493717:Runx2 protein, rat; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor
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