title: Czech ethanol-free propolis extract displays inhibitory activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal pathogens.
abstract: Propolis acts primarily as a biocide against invasive bacteria and fungi in the hive, suggesting its potential for industrial applications. In food application, propolis is considered as a chemical preservative in meat products, extending shelf life of frozen meat and other food. The mechanism of action is still unclear due to the synergy of multiple compounds contained in propolis and due to parallel targeting of multiple pathways within each affected organism. Here, we examined the antimicrobial properties of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) Czech propolis extract. Until recently, DMSO was only rarely used in the propolis studies, although the other solvents tested (mostly ethanol) may significantly affect the observed inhibitory effects, notwithstanding the antimicrobial effects of ethanol itself. Here, we provide results of zone inhibition tests against Aspergillus fumigatus, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Enterococcus faecalis. Although we determined inhibitory effects against all the microorganisms tested, the dose-dependent response curves were not similar to each other. While inhibitory effects against C. albicans or S. aureus were strictly dose-dependent, responses of M. gypseum and E. faecalis displayed plateau across the broad range of concentrations tested. Interestingly, response of E. coli revealed the double-peak dose-dependent curve, and responses of M. canis and L. monocytogenes decreased at the highest concentrations tested. Suggested is evaluation of DMSO propolis extracts in experimental treatment of human and veterinary infections, preferably in multitherapy with antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Univ. of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, CZ-500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ladislava
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Netíková
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bogusch
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heneberg
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008864:Microsporum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011429:Propolis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D005520:Food Preservatives; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D011429:Propolis; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide
keywords: Apidae; anti-infective agents; foodborne pathogens; microbicides; natural products