title: Aberrant fucosylation of glycosphingolipids in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glycosylation promoting or inhibiting tumour cell invasion and metastasis is of crucial importance in current cancer research. Tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens are predominantly expressed on the tumour cell surface. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are members of the family. To perform glycosphingolipidomic assays on neutral GSLs obtained from solid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and paired peritumoural tissues by linear ion trap quadrupole-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative and quantitative analysis of fucosylated neutral GSLs was performed in the positive ion mode on the LTQ-XL mass spectrometer and MALDI-TOF-MS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A group of fucosylated neutral GSLs in HCC was found to be expressed higher in the tumour tissues, as their proportion in total cellular GSLs was 3.3-fold higher in the tumour tissues than in the peritumoural tissues (P < 0.01). Moreover, qualitative analysis of the aberrant fucosylated GSLs were completed, and seven types of fucosylated GSLs that contained terminal Fuca2Gal- structure were identified by mass spectrometry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results may lead to improved immunotherapy of HCC and contribute to understanding the role of aberrant fucosylated GSLs in the development and progress of HCC in following studies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yunhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiukun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hawke
authors.forename: Dapeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yunsen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000032:analysis; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D002518:Ceramides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005647:Fucosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015394:Molecular Structure; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000097631:Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase
chemical_list: D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D002518:Ceramides; D005647:Fucosyltransferases; D000097631:Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase; C472765:Globo-H
keywords: cancer biomarker; glycomics; glycosphingolipidomics; hepatocellular carcinoma