title: Ca2+ imaging in plants using genetically encoded Yellow Cameleon Ca2+ indicators.
abstract: Temporally and spatially defined changes in cellular calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration represent stimulus-specific signals and regulate a myriad of biological processes. The development of ratiometric Ca(2+) reporter proteins like Yellow Cameleons (YCs) has greatly advanced our ability to analyze Ca(2+) dynamics in vivo with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. In plants, the application of these Ca(2+) reporter proteins has been pioneered for the investigation of Ca(2+) dynamics in guard cells, and recently their use has been extended to other single-cell models like growing pollen tubes and root hairs. However, in plants, the use of YC reporter proteins has largely remained restricted to the investigation of cytoplasmic alterations of Ca(2+) concentrations. Here, we provide an introduction to current methods for imaging Ca(2+) dynamics with increasing sophistication.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Smrutisanjita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Behera
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krebs
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Loro
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kudla
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002413:Cations, Divalent / Q000032:analysis; D003584:Cytological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism*; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C495639:yellow cameleon; D002118:Calcium