title: Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk score in an observation unit setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score is a validated tool for risk stratification of acute coronary syndrome. We hypothesized that the TIMI risk score would be able to risk stratify patients in observation unit for acute coronary syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients placed in an urban academic hospital emergency department observation unit with an average annual census of 65,000 between 2004 and 2007. Exclusion criteria included elevated initial cardiac biomarkers, ST segment changes on ECG, unstable vital signs, or unstable arrhythmias. A composite of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) indicators, including diagnosis of myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass surgery, or death within 30 days and 1 year, were abstracted via chart review and financial record query. The entire cohort was stratified by TIMI risk scores (0-7) and composite event rates with 95% confidence interval were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 2228 patients were analyzed. Average age was 54.5 years, 42.0% were male. The overall median TIMI risk score was 1. Eighty (3.6%) patients had 30-day and 119 (5.3%) had 1-year CAD indicators. There was a trend toward increasing rate of composite CAD indicators at 30 days and 1 year with increasing TIMI score, ranging from a 1.2% event rate at 30 days and 1.9% at 1 year for TIMI score of 0 and 12.5% at 30 days and 21.4% at 1 year for TIMI ≥ 4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In an observation unit cohort, the TIMI risk score is able to risk stratify patients into low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chavez
authors.forename: Amudan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: Sora
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ely
authors.forename: Weiying
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borawski
authors.forename: Abhinav
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: Alexander T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Limkakeng
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000367:Age Factors; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006757:Hospital Units; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014336:Troponin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014336:Troponin