title: Gamma knife surgery for patients with volumetric classification of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to scrutinize the literature to determine the efficacy and safety of gamma knife surgery (GKS) for the treatment of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) with volumetric classification.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electronic databases including MedLine, PubMed, and Cochrane Central were searched. The literature related to patients with NFPAs treated with GKS was collected. Eligible studies reported on the rate of tumor control (RTC), the rate of radiosurgery-induced optic neuropathy injury (RRIONI), the rate of radiosurgery-induced endocrinological deficits (RRIED), and other parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 17 studies met the criteria. based on the tumor volume, nfpas were divided into three groups: the RTC of group I (93 patients) with tumor volumes <2 ml was 99% (95% CI 96-100%), the RRIONI was 1% (95% CI 0-4%), and the RRIED was 1% (95% CI 0-4%). The RTC of group II (301 patients) with volumes from 2 to 4 ml was 96% (95% CI 92-99%), the RRIONI was 0 (95% CI 0-2%), and RRIED was 7% (95% CI 2-14%). The RTC of group III (531 patients) with volumes larger than 4 ml was 91% (95% CI 89-94%), the RRIONI was 2% (95% CI 0-5%), and the RRIED was 22% (95% CI 14-31%). There were significant differences in the RTC and in the RRIED among the three groups (P<0.001), indicating that there were higher RRIED and lower RTC with the increase of tumor volume.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NFPAs, according to tumor volume classification, need stratification for GKS treatment. GKS is the optimal choice for the treatment of group II NFPAs. Patients with residual tumor volumes of <4 ml will benefit most from GKS treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Yueyang Second People's Hospital, Yueyang 414000, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhi Feng
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fei Xiang
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian Xian
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Qi Chuan
authors.initials: QC
authors.lastname: Zhuge
authors.forename: Zhe Bao
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016634:Radiosurgery; D047368:Tumor Burden