title: Molecular architecture of plant thylakoids under physiological and light stress conditions: a study of lipid-light-harvesting complex II model membranes.
abstract: In this study, we analyzed multibilayer lipid-protein membranes composed of the photosynthetic light-harvesting complex II (LHCII; isolated from spinach [Spinacia oleracea]) and the plant lipids monogalcatosyldiacylglycerol and digalactosyldiacylglycerol. Two types of pigment-protein complexes were analyzed: those isolated from dark-adapted leaves (LHCII) and those from leaves preilluminated with high-intensity light (LHCII-HL). The LHCII-HL complexes were found to be partially phosphorylated and contained zeaxanthin. The results of the x-ray diffraction, infrared imaging microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy revealed that lipid-LHCII membranes assemble into planar multibilayers, in contrast with the lipid-LHCII-HL membranes, which form less ordered structures. In both systems, the protein formed supramolecular structures. In the case of LHCII-HL, these structures spanned the multibilayer membranes and were perpendicular to the membrane plane, whereas in LHCII, the structures were lamellar and within the plane of the membranes. Lamellar aggregates of LHCII-HL have been shown, by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, to be particularly active in excitation energy quenching. Both types of structures were stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. We conclude that the formation of trans-layer, rivet-like structures of LHCII is an important determinant underlying the spontaneous formation and stabilization of the thylakoid grana structures, since the lamellar aggregates are well suited to dissipate excess energy upon overexcitation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Janik
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bednarska
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zubik
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puzio
authors.forename: Rafal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luchowski
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Grudzinski
authors.forename: Radoslaw
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazur
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garstka
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Maksymiec
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kulik
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dietler
authors.forename: Wieslaw I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Gruszecki
mesh_terms: D038983:Galactolipids / Q000737:chemistry; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008027:Light; D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000528:radiation effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D020524:Thylakoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000737:chemistry; D065146:Zeaxanthins
chemical_list: D038983:Galactolipids; D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D024341:Xanthophylls; D065146:Zeaxanthins; C007388:digalactosyldiacylglycerol; C009909:monogalactosyldiacylglycerol
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