title: Enhanced DNA sensing via catalytic aggregation of gold nanoparticles.
abstract: A catalytic colorimetric detection scheme that incorporates a DNA-based hybridization chain reaction into gold nanoparticles was designed and tested. While direct aggregation forms an inter-particle linkage from only one target DNA strand, catalytic aggregation forms multiple linkages from a single target DNA strand. Gold nanoparticles were functionalized with thiol-modified DNA strands capable of undergoing hybridization chain reactions. The changes in their absorption spectra were measured at different times and target concentrations and compared against direct aggregation. Catalytic aggregation showed a multifold increase in sensitivity at low target concentrations when compared to direct aggregation. Gel electrophoresis was performed to compare DNA hybridization reactions in catalytic and direct aggregation schemes, and the product formation was confirmed in the catalytic aggregation scheme at low levels of target concentrations. The catalytic aggregation scheme also showed high target specificity. This application of a DNA reaction network to gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric detection enables highly-sensitive, field-deployable, colorimetric readout systems capable of detecting a variety of biomolecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, United States.
authors.forename: Herbert M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Huttanus
authors.forename: Elton
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Graugnard
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yurke
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Knowlton
authors.forename: Wan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Jeunghoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000379:methods; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D006046:Gold; D004247:DNA
keywords: Catalytic aggregation; Colorimetric detection; DNA; Hybridization chain reaction; Nanoparticle
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