title: Bactericidal property and biocompatibility of gentamicin-loaded mesoporous carbonated hydroxyapatite microspheres.
abstract: Implant-associated infection is a serious problem in orthopaedic surgery. One of the most effective ways is to introduce a controlled antibiotics delivery system into the bone filling materials, achieving sustained release of antibiotics in the local sites of bone defects. In the present work, mesoporous carbonated hydroxyapatite microspheres (MCHMs) loaded with gentamicin have been fabricated according to the following stages: (i) the preparation of the MCHMs by hydrothermal method using calcium carbonate microspheres as sacrificial templates, and (ii) loading gentamicin into the MCHMs. The MCHMs exhibit the 3D hierarchical nanostructures constructed by nanoplates as building blocks with mesopores and macropores, which make them have the higher drug loading efficiency of 70-75% than the conventional hydroxyapatite particles (HAPs) of 20-25%. The gentamicin-loaded MCHMs display the sustained drug release property, and the controlled release of gentamicin can minimize significantly bacterial adhesion and prevent biofilm formation against S. epidermidis. The biocompatibility tests by using human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) as cell models indicate that the gentamicin-loaded MCHMs have as excellent biocompatibility as the HAPs, and the dose of the released gentamicin from the MCHMs has no toxic effects on the hBMSCs. Hence, the gentamicin-loaded MCHMs can be served as a simple, non-toxic and controlled drug delivery system to treat bone infections.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Life and Environmental Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cong-Qin
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Zhen-An
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Ya-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008863:Microspheres; D016062:Porosity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005839:Gentamicins; D017886:Durapatite; D002119:Calcium Carbonate
keywords: Bactericidal property; Biocompatibility; Carbonated hydroxyapatite; Drug delivery system; Mesopore