title: Expression of kisspeptins and kiss receptors suggests a large range of functions for kisspeptin systems in the brain of the European sea bass.
abstract: This study, conducted in the brain of a perciform fish, the European sea bass, aimed at raising antibodies against the precursor of the kisspeptins in order to map the kiss systems and to correlate the expression of kisspeptins, kiss1 and kiss2, with that of kisspeptin receptors (kiss-R1 and kiss-R2). Specific antibodies could be raised against the preprokiss2, but not the preoprokiss1. The data indicate that kiss2 neurons are mainly located in the hypothalamus and project widely to the subpallium and pallium, the preoptic region, the thalamus, the pretectal area, the optic tectum, the torus semicircularis, the mediobasal medial and caudal hypothalamus, and the neurohypophysis. These results were compared to the expression of kiss-R1 and kiss-R2 messengers, indicating a very good correlation between the wide distribution of Kiss2-positive fibers and that of kiss-R2 expressing cells. The expression of kiss-R1 messengers was more limited to the habenula, the ventral telencephalon and the proximal pars distalis of the pituitary. Attempts to characterize the phenotype of the numerous cells expressing kiss-R2 showed that neurons expressing tyrosine hydroxylase, neuropeptide Y and neuronal nitric oxide synthase are targets for kisspeptins, while GnRH1 neurons did not appear to express kiss-R1 or kiss-R2 messengers. In addition, a striking result was that all somatostatin-positive neurons expressed-kissR2. These data show that kisspeptins are likely to regulate a wide range of neuronal systems in the brain of teleosts.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, CSIC, Torre de la Sal, s/n, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain.
authors.forename: Sebastián
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Escobar
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Servili
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Espigares
authors.forename: Marie-Madeleine
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gueguen
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brocal
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Felip
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrillo
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zanuy
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kah
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001492:Bass / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D059648:Kisspeptins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D059648:Kisspeptins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
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