title: Persistent human herpesvirus-6 infection in patients with an inherited form of the virus.
abstract: Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6)A and 6B are ubiquitous betaherpesviruses viruses with lymphotropic and neurotropic potential. As reported earlier, these viruses establish latency by integration into the telomeres of host chromosomes. Chromosomally integrated HHV-6 (CIHHV-6) can be transmitted vertically from parent to child. Some CIHHV-6 patients are suffering from neurological symptoms, while others remain asymptomatic. Four patients with CIHHV-6 and CNS dysfunction were treated with valganciclovir or foscarnet. HHV-6 replication was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction amplification of a late envelope glycoprotein. In this study we also compared the inherited and persistent HHV-6 viruses by DNA sequencing. The prevalence of CIHHV-6 in this cohort of adult patients from the USA suffering from a wide range of neurological symptoms including long-term fatigue were found significantly greater than the reported 0.8% in the general population. Long-term antiviral therapy inhibited HHV-6 replication as documented by loss of viral mRNA production. Sequence comparison of the mRNA and the inherited viral genome revealed that the transcript is produced by an exogenous virus. In conclusion, the data presented here document that some individuals with CIHHV-6 are infected persistently with exogenous HHV-6 strains that lead to a wide range of neurological symptoms; the proposed name for this condition is inherited herpesvirus 6 syndrome or IHS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
authors.forename: Shara N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Pantry
authors.forename: Maria M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Medveczky
authors.forename: Jesse H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Arbuckle
authors.forename: Janos
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luka
authors.forename: Jose G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Montoya
authors.forename: Jianhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Renne
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Joshua C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pritchett
authors.forename: Dharam V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Ablashi
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Medveczky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017245:Foscarnet / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D019349:Roseolovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D000077562:Valganciclovir; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral; D017245:Foscarnet; D000077562:Valganciclovir; D015774:Ganciclovir
keywords: HHV-6; antiviral drug treatment; chronic fatigue syndrome; human herpesvirus 6; integration
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