title: Subclinical thyroid disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subclinical thyroid disease is a common finding on testing of thyroid function and its management remains controversial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Epidemiological data from large population studies from USA and Europe.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There is an increased risk of progression to overt hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. The treatment of mild thyroid failure is of importance in optimizing pregnancy outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnostic criteria differ and there is variation between management guidelines. The difference was found in long-term clinical outcomes between endogenous and exogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meta-analyses have provided epidemiological data in cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in subclinical thyroid disease. Increased use of echocardiography and bone markers in identifying those who benefit from intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A randomized controlled trial to identify those subjects identified from screening programmes that benefit from intervention in terms of morbidity and mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK.
authors.forename: Anukul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Mark P J
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Vanderpump
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000503:physiopathology; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune
keywords: autoimmune thyroid disease; screening; subclinical hyperthyroidism; subclinical hypothyroidism