title: Spanish version of the broome pelvic muscle self-efficacy scale: validity and reliability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Self-efficacy appears to be an important predictor of functional recovery for women with urinary incontinence, but no specific Spanish-language questionnaires for measuring pelvic-floor exercise self-efficacy exist.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to design a valid and reliable Spanish version of the Broome Pelvic Muscle Self-Efficacy Scale to measure self-efficacy, as perceived by women with urinary incontinence, in performing pelvic-floor exercises.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an observational validation study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Translation-back translation was used to design the survey, and then the survey was validated with a sample of 119 women who were incontinent and had undergone a pelvic-floor exercise training program. The reliability and construct validity of the questionnaire were assessed. Descriptive statistics were used to score the questionnaire. Internal consistency was evaluated with the Cronbach alpha coefficient and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Exploratory factor analysis with both the principal components extraction method and the varimax rotation method was used to assess construct validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reliability coefficient (Cronbach alpha=.91) and the correlations among items were high. The factor analysis revealed that 6 main factors accounted for 75.8% of the variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conclusions regarding the validity of the questionnaire should be drawn with caution because of the inability to assess criterion-related validity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Spanish version of the Broome questionnaire for self-efficacy appears to be useful as a measuring tool for a psychometrically accurate, clinically relevant estimation of women's self-efficacy in performing pelvic-floor exercises.
authors.affiliation: E.M. Medrano Sánchez, PhD, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Seville, Avicena St, Seville, Spain 41009.
authors.forename: Esther M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Medrano Sánchez
authors.forename: Carmen M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Suárez Serrano
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De la Casa Almeida
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Díaz Mohedo
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chillón Martínez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008875:Middle Aged; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020377:Self Efficacy; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*