title: Using avatars to model weight loss behaviors: participant attitudes and technology development.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Virtual reality and other avatar-based technologies are potential methods for demonstrating and modeling weight loss behaviors. This study examined avatar-based technology as a tool for modeling weight loss behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study consisted of two phases: (1) an online survey to obtain feedback about using avatars for modeling weight loss behaviors and (2) technology development and usability testing to create an avatar-based technology program for modeling weight loss behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results of phase 1 (n = 128) revealed that interest was high, with 88.3% stating that they would participate in a program that used an avatar to help practice weight loss skills in a virtual environment. In phase 2, avatars and modules to model weight loss skills were developed. Eight women were recruited to participate in a 4-week usability test, with 100% reporting they would recommend the program and that it influenced their diet/exercise behavior. Most women (87.5%) indicated that the virtual models were helpful. After 4 weeks, average weight loss was 1.6 kg (standard deviation = 1.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This investigation revealed a high level of interest in an avatar-based program, with formative work indicating promise. Given the high costs associated with in vivo exposure and practice, this study demonstrates the potential use of avatar-based technology as a tool for modeling weight loss behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA. mnapolitano@gwu.edu
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Napolitano
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muresu
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: Gary D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001292:Attitude to Computers; D001828:Body Image; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012106:Research; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D063367:Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D015431:Weight Loss; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
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