title: Translation, adaptation, and validation of the Sunderland Scale and the Cubbin & Jackson Revised Scale in Portuguese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To Translate into Portuguese and evaluate the measuring properties of the Sunderland Scale and the Cubbin & Jackson Revised Scale, which are instruments for evaluating the risk of developing pressure ulcers during intensive care.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included the process of translation and adaptation of the scales to the Portuguese language, as well as the validation of these tools. To assess the reliability, Cronbach alpha values of 0.702 to 0.708 were identified for the Sunderland Scale and the Cubbin & Jackson Revised Scale, respectively. The validation criteria (predictive) were performed comparatively with the Braden Scale (gold standard), and the main measurements evaluated were sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve, which were calculated based on cutoff points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Sunderland Scale exhibited 60% sensitivity, 86.7% specificity, 47.4% positive predictive value, 91.5% negative predictive value, and 0.86 for the area under the curve. The Cubbin & Jackson Revised Scale exhibited 73.3% sensitivity, 86.7% specificity, 52.4% positive predictive value, 94.2% negative predictive value, and 0.91 for the area under the curve. The Braden scale exhibited 100% sensitivity, 5.3% specificity, 17.4% positive predictive value, 100% negative predictive value, and 0.72 for the area under the curve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both tools demonstrated reliability and validity for this sample. The Cubbin & Jackson Revised Scale yielded better predictive values for the development of pressure ulcers during intensive care.
authors.affiliation: Neuro Critical Intensive Care Unit, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, EPE - Lisboa, Portugal. bruno.rebeca.sousa@gmail.com
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sousa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003422:Critical Care; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011174:Portugal; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012306:Risk; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
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