title: [Sustainable process improvement with application of 'lean philosophy'].
abstract: Process improvement is increasingly being implemented, particularly with the aid of 'lean philosophy'. This management philosophy aims to improve quality by reducing 'wastage'. Local improvements can produce negative effects elsewhere due to interdependence of processes. An 'integrated system approach' is required to prevent this. Some hospitals claim that this has been successful. Research into process improvement with the application of lean philosophy has reported many positive effects, defined as improved safety, quality and efficiency. Due to methodological shortcomings and lack of rigorous evaluations it is, however, not yet possible to determine the impact of this approach. It is, however, obvious that the investigated applications are fragmentary, with a dominant focus on the instrumental aspect of the philosophy and a lack of integration in a total system, and with insufficient attention to human aspects. Process improvement is required to achieve better and more goal-oriented healthcare. To achieve this, hospitals must develop integrated system approaches that combine methods for process design with continuous improvement of processes and with personnel management. It is crucial that doctors take the initiative to guide and improve processes in an integral manner.
authors.affiliation: Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), the Netherlands. M.rouppevandervoort@antoniusziekenhuis.nl
authors.forename: Marc B V
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Rouppe van der Voort
authors.forename: G G Frits
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: van Merode
authors.forename: Henricus  G N
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Veraart
mesh_terms: D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D006739:Hospital Administration; D006801:Humans; D010557:Personnel Administration, Hospital; D010684:Philosophy; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D058996:Quality Improvement; D011787:Quality of Health Care