title: Source apportionment of sedimentary hydrocarbons in the Segara Anakan Nature Reserve, Indonesia.
abstract: The study aimed to determine the spatial distribution of n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments of the Segara Anakan nature reserve and their potential origins using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Total alkane concentrations ranged from 3755 to 129,027 μg kg(-1), and the concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 375 to 29,517 μg kg(-1). The ratios of specific n-alkanes (e.g., CPI(24-34), WaxC(n), and Paq), including a new proposed index, terrestrial-marine discriminant (TMD), as well as the ratios of selected PAHs (e.g., Ant/∑178, Fl/∑202, BaAnt/∑228, and IPyr/∑276), showed that the sources of hydrocarbons in the sediments were generally biogenic, including both terrigenous and marine, with an anthropogenic pyrolytic contribution (petrogenic and biogenic combustion). For the environmental risk assessment, a sediment quality guideline (SQGs) comparison indicated that the station risk levels ranged from low to medium-low, except for R6, which has a greater impact on the ecological risk for marine organisms.
authors.affiliation: Fisheries and Marine Sciences Department, Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Perikanan Unsoed Karangwangkal, Jl dr. Suparno, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia. Electronic address: agungsyakti@chemist.com.
authors.forename: Agung Dhamar
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Syakti
authors.forename: Nuning Vita
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Hidayati
authors.forename: Endang
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hilmi
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piram
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Doumenq
mesh_terms: D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D007214:Indonesia; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Hydrocarbons; Industrial effluents; Mangrove; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; River basin; Wax