title: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children: multivariate analysis indicates that donor type does not alter recurrence risk.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), the second leading cause of end stage renal disease in children, appears to be increasing. Moreover, posttransplantation FSGS recurrence is a major problem, and there is concern that children receiving kidneys from living donors (LD) have increased recurrence risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the United Network for Organ Sharing from 1988 to 2008 were analyzed for number of de novo transplant recipients with a primary diagnosis of FSGS in children 1 to 20 years of age. Poisson regression was used for trend analysis. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association of gender, race, human leukocyte antigen matching, age, and donor type with recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Trend analysis of kidney transplantations for FSGS in children (n=2157) showed an increase in cases of 5.8% per year or 209% over 20 years (P<0.0001). Recurrence was reported in 327 (15%) cases overall, with a preponderance for white recipients (P<0.001) in younger age subgroups (P<0.01). Donor type was significant (P=0.02), with recurrence reported in 17% versus 14% of recipients of kidneys from LDs versus deceased donors. Using multivariate analysis, recipients' young age (P=0.02) and white race (P<0.001) were identified as significant risk factors for recurrence, whereas receiving a LD kidney became insignificant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FSGS as a cause of pediatric end-stage renal disease leading to transplantation is on the rise. FSGS recurrence is highest in young, white children, whereas receiving a LD kidney is not independently associated with increased risk of recurrence.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Nephrology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. 2 Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH. 3 Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University at Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, St. Louis, MO. 4 Address correspondence to: Elizabeth C. Abraham, M.D., M.S., Division of Nephrology, SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, 1465 South Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63104.
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Nehus
authors.forename: Jens W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Goebel
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Succop
authors.forename: Elizabeth C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Abraham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000601:surgery*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006648:Histocompatibility; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000639:trends; D019520:Living Donors; D016015:Logistic Models; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens