title: Comparison of propofol-based sedation regimens administered during colonoscopy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ideal sedative agent for endoscopic procedures should allow a rapid modification of the sedation level and should not have any adverse effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare the efficacy, safety, cost and patient satisfaction of some propofol-based sedation regimens administered during colonoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty one patients scheduled for elective outpatient colonoscopy with conscious sedation were randomized to four groups to evaluate the administration of dexmedetomidine, sufentanil, meperidine and midazolam in combination with propofol to maintain sedation during the procedure. Evaluated outcomes were efficacy, safety, cost and patient satisfaction of sedation procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients receiving dexmedetomidine achieved a higher degree of sedation when compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). The lapse to recover protective reflexes and motor function, was significantly shorter in groups receiving dexmedetomidine or sufentanil than in groups receiving meperidine or midazolam (p < 0.05). There were no differences between groups in pre-sedation and post-sedation neurophysiologic performance, measured by the Trail Making A and B tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sedation for endoscopy can be safely and effectively accomplished with low doses of propofol combined with dexmedetomidine, intranasal sufentanil, IV meperidine and IV meperidine with midazolam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kartal Kosuyolu High Specialty Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tulin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akarsu Ayazoğlu
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Polat
authors.forename: Cihan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bolat
authors.forename: Necdet F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Yasar
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Duman
authors.forename: Sabiye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akbulut
authors.forename: Sinan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yol
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D017409:Sufentanil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D008614:Meperidine; D017409:Sufentanil; D008874:Midazolam; D015742:Propofol