title: Human herpesvirus 8-unrelated primary effusion lymphoma-like lymphoma: report of a rare case and review of 54 cases in the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a patient with primary effusion lymphoma who was negative for human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), human immunodeficiency virus, Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus, as well as review 54 reported cases of HHV-8-unrelated primary effusion lymphoma (PEL)-like lymphoma in the literature to clarify the nature of this entity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients' characteristics, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, morphologic-immunophenotypic features, clinical management, and prognosis were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HHV-8-negative PEL-like lymphomas often occur in immunocompetent and elderly patients, are sometimes associated with chronic inflammation-related fluid overload, are mostly large B-cell or large B-cell with plasmacytic differentiation type, and are associated with a better prognosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In various aspects, HHV-8-unrelated PEL-like lymphoma is a different entity from HHV-8-related PEL. Immunophenotype, morphology, and c-myc/8q24 status should be included for differential diagnosis. A test for c-myc or 8q24 abnormalities should be recommended for subdividing HHV-8-unrelated PEL-like lymphoma, which may have benefits in patient management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wonita
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Youm
authors.forename: Sherif A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rezk
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D054685:Lymphoma, Primary Effusion / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
keywords: Body cavity–based lymphoma; Effusion-based lymphoma; KSHV/HHV-8–negative lymphoma; KSHV/HHV-8–unrelated lymphoma; PEL; PEL-like lymphoma; Primary effusion lymphoma