title: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) glycoprotein H-based serological analysis in Japanese healthy pregnant women, and in neonates with congenital CMV infection and their mothers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is caused by maternal primary infection as well as CMV reinfection or reactivation during pregnancy, although differences in the clinical impact between these modes of infection remain to be clarified.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the latest prevalence and risk of multiple CMV infection in healthy pregnant women, as well as the types of maternal CMV infection associated with congenital CMV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seroprevalence against CMV and IgG subclasses were determined in 344 serum samples from healthy pregnant women in Japan. CMV genotype and serotype were also determined in 18 pairs of mothers and neonates with congenital CMV infection identified in our CMV screening program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-two percent of the pregnant women were seronegative, while 66% of CMV seropositive women had IgG3 antibodies against one epitope on glycoprotein H (gH) as the major subclass, and 52% had IgG1 antibodies against one epitope on glycoprotein B (gB). Only a single genotype determined by CMV gH neutralizing epitope was found in the urine from the 18 neonates with congenital CMV infection, even though one case possessed antibodies against multiple CMV strains. In that case, the antibodies against the strain not detected in the urine from the infant disappeared within one month after birth, whereas the antibodies against the infecting CMV strain continued to be detected at 12 months after birth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two (11%) of 18 cases of congenital CMV infection occurred via maternal CMV reinfection. Maternal humoral immunity did not prevent congenital CMV infection with another gH subtype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazufumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikuta
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minematsu
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Kimisato
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Tetsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moriuchi
authors.forename: Shigeyoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koyano
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzutani
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000151:congenital* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D037841:Pregnant People; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012703:Serotyping; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C071440:glycoprotein H, Cytomegalovirus
keywords: Congenital infection; Cytomegalovirus; IgG subclasses