title: [Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and beta in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of non-vavular hypertensive atrial fibrillation patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the mRNA expressions of PPARalpha and PPARbeta in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of non-vavular hypertensive atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and elucidate its possible role in the pathogenesis of AF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral blood samples were collected from 103 patients with hypertensive AF (persistent AF: 55, paroxysmal AF: 48) and 50 age-adjusted hypertension patients without AF. The mRNA expressions of PPARalpha, PPARbeta, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in monocytes were detected by using a Real time polymerase chain reaction. The concentrations of high sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) were measured by immunoenzymetric method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PPARalpha mRNA expression level was persistently decreased in hypertensive non-AF group, paroxysmal AF group, and persistent AF group (1.34 +/- 0.17, 1.09 +/- 0.23, 0.85 +/- 0.22), while the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001; respectively). TNF-alpha mRNA, IL-6 mRNA,CRP and IL-1 persistently increased in hypertensive non-AF group, paroxysmal AF group, persistent AF group, also the difference was statistically significant (P < 0. 001; respectively). The difference of PPARbeta mRNA was not statistically significant between non-AF group, paroxysmal AF group and persistent AF group. Left atrial diameter (LAD) was in positive correlation with CRP, IL-1, IL-6 mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA (P < 0.05). PPARalpha mRNA level was in negative correlation with CRP, IL-1, IL-6 mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA, the correlation coefficient was -0.519, -0.532, -0.491 and -0.528, respectively (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In hypertensive patients with AF, increased inflammatory cytokines were associated with atrial remodeling and lead to the development of atrial fibrillation; PPARalpha was negatively correlated with these inflammatory cytokines and may play a vital role in the process of atrial fibrillation development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Xiao-Jia
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Long-Xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li-Yan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D048068:PPAR-beta / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D047493:PPAR alpha; D048068:PPAR-beta; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein