title: A story superiority effect for disgust, fear, embarrassment, and pride.
abstract: Past studies found that, for preschoolers, a story specifying a situational cause and behavioural consequence is a better cue to fear and disgust than is the facial expression of those two emotions, but the facial expressions used were static. Two studies (Study 1: N = 68, 36-68 months; Study 2: N = 72, 49-90 months) tested whether this effect could be reversed when the expressions were dynamic and included facial, postural, and vocal cues. Children freely labelled emotions in three conditions: story, still face, and dynamic expression. Story remained a better cue than still face or dynamic expression for fear and disgust and also for the later emerging emotions of embarrassment and pride.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. nnelson@brocku.ca
authors.forename: Nicole L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hudspeth
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Russell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001245:Association Learning; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003210:Concept Formation; D003463:Cues; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D004644:Emotions; D005149:Facial Expression; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D011187:Posture; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception