title: Comparative effect of mechanical beating and nanofibrillation of cellulose on paper properties made from bagasse and softwood pulps.
abstract: Cellulose fibers were fibrillated using mechanical beating (shearing refiner) and ultra-fine friction grinder, respectively. The fibrillated fibers were then used to make paper. Mechanical beating process created a partial skin fibrillation, while grinding turned fiber from micro to nanoscale through nanofibrillation mechanism. The partially fibrillated and nano fibrillated fibers had significant effects on paper density, tear strength, tensile strength and water drainage time. The effect of nanofibrillation on paper properties was quantitatively higher than that of mechanical beating. Paper sheets from nanofibrillated cellulose have a higher density, higher tensile strength and lower tear strength compared to those subjected to mechanical beating. Mechanical beating and nanofibrillation were both found to be promising fiber structural modifications. Long water drainage time was an important drawback of both fibrillation methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulp and Paper Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 4913815739, Gorgan, Iran.
authors.forename: Elyas
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Afra
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yousefi
authors.forename: Mohamad Mahdi
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hadilam
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishino
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D005374:Filtration; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010209:Paper; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D014618:Vacuum; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose; C027433:bagasse
keywords: Mechanical beating; Nanofibrilaltion; Paper properties; Ultra-fine friction grinding