title: Objectively quantified physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a large sample of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and controls using accelerometry as a measure of physical activity, and to compare the rates of meeting public health guidelines for MVPA (ie, 30min/d) between persons with MS and controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary analysis of a combined data set of persons with MS and healthy controls from 13 previous investigations of physical activity over a 8-year period (2005-2013).
  
  
  METHODS
  University.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants with MS (n=800) were recruited primarily within Illinois through multiple sources, including print and e-mail flyers and an online advertisement on the National Multiple Sclerosis Society website. Healthy controls (n=137) were recruited via public e-mail postings delivered across the university community.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Levels of MVPA and meeting public health guidelines for MVPA between persons with MS and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After controlling for covariates (ie, age, sex, education, race, income), there was a moderate (d=.68) and statistically significant (F=47.2, P<.001) difference of 13.1 minutes of MVPA per day (95% confidence interval, 9.4-16.8) between MS and controls. There was a difference in the rates of meeting public health guidelines for MVPA (χ(2)=50.7, P<.001) between MS patients (20%) and controls (47%). Among those with MS, minutes of MVPA significantly differed as a function of education, employment status, clinical course, disease duration, and disability status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We provide data using an objective physical activity measure and a large sample to indicate that only a small proportion of persons with MS are achieving adequate amounts of daily MVPA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL.
authors.forename: Rachel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Klaren
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL. Electronic address: robmotl@illinois.edu.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Motl
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL.
authors.forename: Deirdre
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dlugonski
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL.
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Sandroff
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL.
authors.forename: Lara A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Pilutti
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009983:Orthopedic Equipment
keywords: ANCOVA; Accelerometry; CI; MS; MVPA; Motor activity; Multiple sclerosis; PDDS; Patient-Determined Disease Steps; QOL; Rehabilitation; analysis of covariance; confidence interval; moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; multiple sclerosis; quality of life