title: "Self-regulation," a new facet of Hox genes' function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Precise temporal and spatial expression of the clustered Hox genes is essential for patterning the developing embryo. Temporal activation of Hox genes was shown to be cluster-autonomous. However, gene clustering appears dispensable for spatial colinear expression. Generally, a set of Hox genes expressed in a group of cells instructs these cells about their fate such that the differential expression of Hox genes results in morphological diversity. The spatial colinearity is considered to rely both on local and long-range cis regulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here, we report on the global deregulation of HoxA and HoxD expression patterns upon inactivation of a subset of HOXA and HOXD proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest the existence of a "self-regulation" mechanism, a process by which HOX proteins establish and/or maintain the spatial domains of the Hox gene family and we propose that the functionally dominant HOX proteins could contribute to generating the spatial parameters of Hox expression in a given tissue, i.e., HOX controlling the establishment of the ultimate HOX code.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologéa de Cantabria, . CSIC-SODERCAN-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Rushikesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sheth
authors.forename: Maria Félix
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Bastida
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kmita
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ros
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005801:Genes, Homeobox / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C088144:HoxA protein
keywords: Hox genes; limb development; transcriptional regulation
references.citation: Cell. 1995 Jun 30;81(7):1031-42
references.pmid: 7600572
references.citation: Sci Am. 2005 Dec;293(6):100-7
references.pmid: 16323697
references.citation: Nature. 1978 Dec 7;276(5688):565-70
references.pmid: 103000
references.citation: Trends Genet. 1994 Oct;10(10):358-64
references.pmid: 7985240
references.citation: Nature. 1996 Nov 7;384(6604):69-71
references.pmid: 8900279
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2003 Nov 28;278(48):47792-802
references.pmid: 14512427
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2011 Mar 15;351(2):288-96
references.pmid: 21195707
references.citation: Cell. 1989 May 5;57(3):367-78
references.pmid: 2566383
references.citation: Genes Dev. 1995 Oct 15;9(20):2509-22
references.pmid: 7590231
references.citation: Nature. 2005 Jun 23;435(7045):1113-6
references.pmid: 15973411
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2004 May 15;18(10):1119-30
references.pmid: 15155579
references.citation: Development. 2011 May;138(10):1913-23
references.pmid: 21471156
references.citation: Nature. 2002 Nov 14;420(6912):145-50
references.pmid: 12432383
references.citation: Development. 1989 Sep;107(1):131-41
references.pmid: 2576400
references.citation: Science. 2009 Jun 5;324(5932):1320-3
references.pmid: 19498168
references.citation: Development. 2013 May;140(10):2130-8
references.pmid: 23633510
references.citation: Dev Suppl. 1994;:169-80
references.pmid: 7579518
references.citation: Science. 2011 May 27;332(6033):1086-8
references.pmid: 21617076
references.citation: Dev Cell. 2012 Dec 11;23(6):1219-29
references.pmid: 23237954
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2007 Jun 15;21(12):1433-42
references.pmid: 17575045
references.citation: Nature. 1986 Dec 18-31;324(6098):662-4
references.pmid: 2879244
references.citation: Bioessays. 2002 May;24(5):460-5
references.pmid: 12001269
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Dec 9;94(25):13695-700
references.pmid: 9391088
references.citation: Development. 1996 May;122(5):1449-66
references.pmid: 8625833
references.citation: EMBO J. 1992 Jan;11(1):265-77
references.pmid: 1346761
references.citation: Nature. 1991 Apr 18;350(6319):585-9
references.pmid: 1673231
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2013 May 06;368(1620):20120367
references.pmid: 23650639
references.citation: Curr Top Dev Biol. 2013;104:113-48
references.pmid: 23587240
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2008 Feb 1;22(3):346-59
references.pmid: 18245448
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2007 Oct 15;310(2):430-41
references.pmid: 17714700
references.citation: Dev Cell. 2006 Jan;10(1):93-103
references.pmid: 16399081
references.citation: Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2007 Oct;17(5):422-7
references.pmid: 17870464
references.citation: Development. 2005 May;132(9):2215-23
references.pmid: 15829525
references.citation: Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2007 Aug;17(4):359-66
references.pmid: 17644373
references.citation: Science. 2003 Jul 18;301(5631):363-7
references.pmid: 12869760
references.citation: Cell. 2011 Nov 23;147(5):1132-45
references.pmid: 22118467
references.citation: Development. 2001 Sep;128(18):3595-607
references.pmid: 11566863
references.citation: Int J Dev Biol. 1999 Jul;43(4):287-94
references.pmid: 10470645
references.citation: Science. 2013 Jun 7;340(6137):1234167
references.pmid: 23744951
references.citation: Development. 2007 Mar;134(5):909-19
references.pmid: 17251268
references.citation: Cell. 2003 May 2;113(3):405-17
references.pmid: 12732147
references.citation: Science. 2011 May 27;332(6033):1083-6
references.pmid: 21617075
references.citation: Science. 2012 Dec 14;338(6113):1476-80
references.pmid: 23239739
references.citation: Development. 1996 Oct;122(10):2997-3011
references.pmid: 8898214
references.citation: Dev Cell. 2010 Apr 20;18(4):526-32
references.pmid: 20412768
references.citation: Science. 2004 Jun 11;304(5677):1669-72
references.pmid: 15192229
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 3;281(44):33226-32
references.pmid: 16963455
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2007 Jun 15;306(2):847-59
references.pmid: 17448461
references.citation: EMBO J. 1989 May;8(5):1497-505
references.pmid: 2569969
references.citation: Trends Genet. 2013 Jul;29(7):419-26
references.pmid: 23434323
references.citation: Development. 1998 Mar;125(6):1025-36
references.pmid: 9463349
references.citation: Science. 2003 Jul 18;301(5631):331-3
references.pmid: 12869751
references.citation: Nature. 1989 Dec 14;342(6251):767-72
references.pmid: 2574828
references.citation: Nature. 1995 Jun 22;375(6533):678-81
references.pmid: 7791900
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Nov;21(21):7509-22
references.pmid: 11585930
references.citation: Evol Dev. 2005 May-Jun;7(3):186-95
references.pmid: 15876191
references.citation: Cell. 1991 Oct 4;67(1):89-104
references.pmid: 1680565
references.citation: Nat Genet. 2000 Dec;26(4):451-4
references.pmid: 11101844
references.citation: Development. 2007 Jul;134(14):2549-60
references.pmid: 17553908