title: Embryo developmental capacity of oocytes fertilised by sperm of mouse exposed to forced swimming stress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess developmental capacity of fertilised oocytes by sperm of mouse exposed to forced swimming stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  The experimental study was conducted at the Physiology Research Center of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, from August 2011 to January 2012. It comprised 20 adult male and 10 female mice. The male mice were randomly divided into two equal groups (n=10): control and experimental. Animals of the experimental group were submitted to forced swimming stress. All male mice were euthanised and the cauda epididymis removed before contents were squeezed out. A pre-incubated capacitated sperm was gently added to the freshly collected ova of the two groups of study. The combined sperm-oocyte suspension was incubated for 4-6 hours under a condition of 5% Carbon dioxide and 37 degreeC temperature. The ova were then washed through several changes of medium and finally incubated. Fertilisation was assessed by recording the number of 1-cell embryos 4-6 hours after insemination. The 1-cell embryos were allowed to further develop in vitro for about 120 hours. Development of embryos everyday and during 5 days of culture was observed by using inverted microscope. SPSS 13.0.1 was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of oocytes fertilised was 75:96 (78.12+/-4.8%) and 50:10 (49.5+/-3.9%) in the control and experimental groups, respectively. The difference was significant (p <0.001). At 24 hours after insemination, 70:75 (93.33+/-2.7%) and 39:50 (78+/-3.5%)of fertilized oocytes developed to two=cell embryos in control and experimental groups respectively.The difference was significant (p <0.02).There were not significant differences (p>0.05) between the two groups in terms of speed and developmental capacity of blastocysts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fertilisation capacity of male mice affected by forced swimming stress and also the developmental capacity of oocyte fertilised by sperm of mouse exposed to forced swimming stress decreased.
authors.affiliation: Physiology Research Center,Golestan Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz. Iran. ghasemsaki@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Saki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghasem
authors.forename: Jasemi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Majid
authors.forename: Razi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shiva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009865:Oocytes / Q000254:growth & development*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal; D013094:Spermatozoa; D013550:Swimming