title: The validity of commonly used adipose tissue body composition equations relative to dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in gaelic games players.
abstract: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and adipose tissue percentage estimates (AT%) derived from regression based skinfold equations were compared. 35 Gaelic games players [20.9 ± 1.7 years; 78.1 ± 8.6 kg; 179.5 ± 5.7 cm] underwent whole body fan beam DXA scans following a standardised protocol and assessment of skinfold thickness at 8 sites. Adipose tissue% from the sum of skinfolds and/or via body density were calculated for general and athlete specific equations (SKf-AT %). The relationship, i. e., proportional bias, fixed bias and random error (SEE) between DXA-AT % and AT % derived from the 6 skinfold equations were determined using least squares regression analysis. Skinfold AT% estimates were underestimated relative to DXA-AT % across all skinfold equations except that of Durnin and Wormersley [9] (D&W-∑(4AT %)) (16.7 ± 3.4 vs. 16.6 ± 4.0 %). All equations demonstrated 95 % prediction intervals ranges exceeding ~10 %. Each equation failed to predict AT% relative to DXA within an accepted ± 3.5 % anthropometric error rate. It is recommended that the conversion of absolute skinfold thickness to an AT % is avoided and that the skinfold equations assessed herein are not utilised in Gaelic games players. Alternate 'sum of skinfold' approaches should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Doran
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mc Geever
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McElhone
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland; D055641:Mathematical Concepts; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D013177:Sports; D055815:Young Adult