title: Prediction and modulation of platelet recovery by discontinuous centrifugation of whole blood for the preparation of pure platelet-rich plasma.
abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the behavior of the separation of red blood cells (RBCs) by discontinuous centrifugation (DC) of whole blood to modulate and control the platelet recovery in the preparation of pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP). P-PRP is a platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in which the white blood cell layer is not included. To achieve this goal, an analytical model was derived that takes into account the packing of RBCs and predicts the behavior of platelet and plasma recovery efficiencies (PtPlRE) based on the volume of whole blood, the hematocrit, and the volume of supernatant, as a function of the operating variables, centrifugal acceleration, and time. The model was derived from the basic equation of DC, which originates from the equilibrium balance of forces on a particle, and included the addition of one factor that corrected the terminal velocity of RBCs and was also correlated to the PtPlRE in the supernatant. This factor was the ratio between the fractional volume concentrations of plasma and RBCs in the centrifugation pellet after centrifugation. The model was validated and the variability of the data was determined using experimental data from 10 healthy donors in the age range of 25-35 years. The predicted behavior for the packing of RBCs and the PtPlRE was consistent with the behavior seen in the experimental data. Thus, the PtPlRE could be modulated and controlled through centrifugal acceleration, time, and hematocrit. Use of this model based on a physical description of events is the first step of a reliable standardization of PRP preparations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas , Campinas, Brazil .
authors.forename: Amanda G M
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lichy
authors.forename: José Fábio S D
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lana
authors.forename: Ana Amélia
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Angela Cristina M
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Luzo
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Belangero
authors.forename: Maria Helena A
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Santana
keywords: biomaterials; bioprocessing; regeneration; tissue engineering; wounds
references.citation: JAMA. 2010 Jan 13;303(2):144-9
references.pmid: 20068208
references.citation: Br J Haematol. 1976 Nov;34(3):365-76
references.pmid: 990178
references.citation: J Periodontol. 2007 Apr;78(4):661-9
references.pmid: 17397313
references.citation: Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007 Dec;46(12):1769-72
references.pmid: 17942474
references.citation: Br J Sports Med. 2010 Dec;44(15):1072-81
references.pmid: 21106774
references.citation: Tissue Eng Part C Methods. 2012 Mar;18(3):176-85
references.pmid: 21951067
references.citation: Blood Rev. 1993 Mar;7(1):52-62
references.pmid: 8467233
references.citation: Transfusion. 1976 Mar-Apr;16(2):162-5
references.pmid: 1258118
references.citation: Physiol Rev. 2003 Jul;83(3):835-70
references.pmid: 12843410
references.citation: J Oral Implantol. 2013 Oct;39(5):525-32
references.pmid: 21480780
references.citation: Am J Sports Med. 2006 Nov;34(11):1774-8
references.pmid: 16735582
references.citation: Tissue Eng. 2006 Nov;12(11):3067-73
references.pmid: 17518622
references.citation: Am J Sports Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):255-62
references.pmid: 20448192
references.citation: Br Med J. 1967 Oct 14;4(5571):88-90
references.pmid: 6047850
references.citation: Artif Organs. 1989 Feb;13(1):4-20
references.pmid: 2712735
references.citation: Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2007 May-Jun;9(3):174-83
references.pmid: 17519207
references.citation: J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000 Mar;58(3):297-300; discussion 300-1
references.pmid: 10716112
references.citation: Transfus Apher Sci. 2004 Apr;30(2):145-51
references.pmid: 15062754