title: Cognitive-motor interference during postural control indicates at-risk cerebellar profiles in females with the FMR1 premutation.
abstract: Recent investigations report a higher risk of motor symptoms in females with the FMR1 premutation (PM-carriers) than has hitherto been appreciated. Here we examined basic sensorimotor and postural control under different sensory and attentional dual-task demands. Physiological performance and postural sway measures from the Physiological Profile Assessment (Lord et al., 2003 [39]) were conducted in 28 female PM-carriers (mean age: 41.32±8.03) and 31 female controls with normal FMR1 alleles (mean age: 41.61±8.3). Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the moderating role of CGG-repeat length on the relation between age and postural sway under dual-task interference. In female PM-carriers, our results showed significantly poorer proprioceptive awareness, slower reaction time, and greater postural displacement when performing a concurrent verbal fluency task. Significantly, these findings showed age- and genetically-modulated changes in dual-task postural displacement in the medio-lateral direction in female PM-carriers. These findings highlight the sensitivity of postural control paradigms in identifying early cerebellar postural changes that may act as surrogate markers of future decline in female PM-carriers.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology & Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia. claudine.kraan@monash.edu
authors.forename: Claudine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kraan
authors.forename: Darren R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Hocking
authors.forename: Nellie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Georgiou-Karistianis
authors.forename: Sylvia A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Metcalfe
authors.forename: Alison D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Archibald
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fielding
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trollor
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bradshaw
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Kim M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cornish
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005600:Fragile X Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011434:Proprioception / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D019680:Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1; C497683:FMR1 protein, human
keywords: Cerebellar motor networks; Cognitive-neuromotor interaction; Fragile X Mental Retardation gene 1 (FMR1); Fragile X Mental Retardation protein (FMRP); Fragile X Tremor Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS); Physiological Profile Assessment; Postural control