title: Identification of toxicity variations in a stream affected by industrial effluents using Daphnia magna and Ulva pertusa.
abstract: A comprehensive toxicity monitoring study from August to October 2011 using Daphnia magna and Ulva pertusa was conducted to identify the cause of toxicity in a stream receiving industrial effluents (IEs) from a textile and leather products manufacturing complex. Acute toxicity toward both species was observed consistently in IE, which influenced toxicity of downstream (DS) water. A toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) confirmed that both Cu and Zn were key toxicants in the IE, and that the calculated toxicity based on Cu and Zn concentrations well simulated the variation in the observed toxicity (r(2)=0.9216 and 0.7256 for D. magna and U. pertusa, respectively). In particular, U. pertusa was sensitive enough to detect acute toxicity in DS and was useful to identify Zn as a key toxicant. Activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and malondialdehyde were induced significantly in D. magna, although acute toxicity was not observed. In addition, higher levels of antioxidant enzymes were expressed in DS than upstream waters, likely due to the Cu and Zn from IE. Overall, TIE procedures with a battery of bioassays were effective for identifying the cause of lethal and sub-lethal toxicity in effluent and stream water.
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jisu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Byeongyong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Jeong-Ju
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Taejun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Woo-Keun
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sanghoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jinho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D056910:Republic of Korea; D045483:Rivers; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013633:Tanning; D013783:Textile Industry; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D044445:Ulva / Q000187:drug effects*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D007220:Industrial Waste; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Acute toxicity; Heavy metal; Oxidative stress; TIE; WET; Wastewater