title: Degradation of antipyrine by UV, UV/H₂O₂ and UV/PS.
abstract: Degradation of antipyrine (AP) in water by three UV-based photolysis processes (i.e., direct UV, UV/H₂O₂, UV/persulfate (UV/PS)) was studied. For all the oxidation processes, the AP decomposition exhibited a pseudo-first-order kinetics pattern. Generally, UV/H₂O₂ and UV/PS significantly improved the degradation rate relevant to UV treatment alone. The pseudo-first-order degradation rate constants (kobs) were, to different degrees, affected by initial AP concentration, oxidant dose, pH, UV irradiation intensity, and co-existing chemicals such as humic acid, chloride, bicarbonate, carbonate and nitrate. The three oxidation processes followed the order in terms of treatment costs: UV/PS>UV>UV/H₂O₂ if the energy and chemical costs are considered. Finally, the AP degradation pathways in the UV/H₂O₂ and UV/PS processes are proposed. Results demonstrated that UV/H₂O₂ and UV/PS are potential alternatives to control water pollution caused by emerging contaminants such as AP.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai City 200092, China.
authors.forename: Chaoqun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Naiyun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Yongji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Minghao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Shiqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000737:chemistry*; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000737:chemistry; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D006812:Humic Substances; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D009566:Nitrates / Q000737:chemistry; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D010782:Photolysis; D017670:Sodium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D001639:Bicarbonates; D002712:Chlorides; D006812:Humic Substances; D009566:Nitrates; D016877:Oxidants; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D013431:Sulfates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C024625:sodium persulfate; D000983:Antipyrine
keywords: Antipyrine; Degradation products; Influencing factor; Kinetics