title: Pattern electroretinogram in neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis with or without optic neuritis and its correlation with FD-OCT and perimetry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the ability of transient pattern electroretinogram (PERG) parameters to differentiate between eyes of patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO), longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), multiple sclerosis with optic neuritis (MS + ON), multiple sclerosis without optic neuritis (MS - ON), and controls, to compare PERG and OCT with regard to discrimination ability, and to assess the correlation between PERG, FD-OCT, and visual field measurements (VFs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Visual field measurements and full-field stimulation PERGs based on both 48- and 14-min checks were obtained from patients with MS (n = 28), NMO (n = 20), LETM (n = 18), and controls (n = 26). In addition, FD-OCT peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and segmented macular layer measurements were obtained and their correlation coefficients were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to controls, PERG amplitude measurements were significantly reduced in eyes with NMO and MS + ON, but not in eyes with LETM and MS - ON. PERG amplitudes were significantly smaller in NMO and MS + ON eyes than in MS - ON eyes. PERG and OCT performance was similar except in NMO eyes where macular thickness parameters were more efficient at detecting abnormalities. A significant correlation was found between N95 amplitude values and OCT-measured macular ganglion cell layer thickness, total retinal thickness, and temporal peripapillary RNFL thickness. PERG amplitude was also significantly associated with VF sensitivity loss. No statistically significant difference was observed with regard to the best-performing parameters of the two methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pattern electroretinogram measurements were able to detect RNFL loss in MS + ON and NMO eyes, with a performance comparable to OCT. PERG amplitude measurements were reasonably well correlated with OCT-measured parameters.
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology and Laboratory of Investigation in Ophthalmology (LIM 33), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Angélica 1757 conj. 61, São Paulo, SP, 01227-200, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hokazono
authors.forename: Ali S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.forename: Maria K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Oyamada
authors.forename: Donald C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hood
authors.forename: Mário L R
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Monteiro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004596:Electroretinography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000473:pathology; D009471:Neuromyelitis Optica / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009902:Optic Neuritis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014794:Visual Fields
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