title: Allergens in allergy diagnosis: a glimpse at emerging new concepts and methodologies.
abstract: Allergic diseases are important concern of public health. A reliable diagnosis is of utmost importance for the management of allergic patients both when immunotherapy is planned and when the treatment is essentially based on the avoidance of the allergy source. However, the available diagnostic systems sometimes fail to detect specific IgE antibodies thus impairing the correct diagnosis. The traditional test systems are generally based on the use of protein extracts derived from the allergenic sources whose composition is very variable and cannot be standardized. The development of a new methodology combining the so-called allergenic molecule-based diagnosis with the multiplex microarray technology and allowing the analysis of multiple purified allergens in a single test represents an important improvement in allergy diagnosis. In addition, the biochemical and immunological characterisation of individual allergens has provided new insights into the understanding of allergen-IgE recognition that could be exploited for further improvements of allergy diagnostic tests.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Protein Biochemistry, CNR, Naples, Italy ; Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Giangrieco
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rafaiani
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liso
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palazzo
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pomponi
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tuppo
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Crescenzo
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamburrini
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mari
authors.forename: Maria Antonietta
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ciardiello
keywords: Food allergens; ISAC microarray; test systems
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