title: A novel reassortant H3N8 influenza virus isolated from drinking water for duck in a domestic duck farm in Poyang Lake area.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a full genome sequence analysis for genetic characterization of an H3N8 influenza virus isolated from drinking water of a domestic duck farm in Poyang Lake area in 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  The virus was cultivated by specific pathogen free (SPF) chicken embryo eggs and was subtyped into hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) by real-time PCR method. Eight gene segments were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The NA gene of this virus belongs to North American lineage; other seven genes belong to Eurasian lineage. Compared with the viruses containing NA gene, the PB2 and PB1 gene came from different clades. And this indicates that the virus was a novel reassortant genotype. The HA receptor binding preference was avian-like and the cleavage site sequence showed a low pathogenic feature. There was no drug resistance mutation of M2 protein. The mutations of Asn30Asp, and Thr215Ala of the M1 protein implied the potential of pathogenicity increase in mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding of novel genotype of H3N8 virus in drinking water in this duck farm near Poyang Lake highlighted the importance of strengthening the surveillance of avian influenza in this region, which could contribute to pinpointing the influenza ecological relations among avian, swine, and human.
authors.affiliation: Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China; School of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Bei Bei
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Cui Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Li Bo
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Hui Jian
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shu Mei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Rong Bao
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xiao Dan
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jing Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yue Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Shu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D060766:Drinking Water; D004372:Ducks; D053123:Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060106:Lakes; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D060766:Drinking Water; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014873:Water Pollutants
keywords: Avian influenza; H3N8; Sequence analysis