title: International comparisons of waiting times in health care--limitations and prospects.
abstract: Long waiting times for health care is an important health policy issue in many countries, and many have introduced some form of national waiting time guarantees. International comparison of waiting times are critical for countries to improve policy and for patients to be able to make informed choices, especially in Europe, where patients have the right to seek care in other countries if there is undue delay. The objective of this study was to describe how countries measure waiting times and to assess whether waiting times can be compared internationally. Twenty-three OECD countries were included. Information was collected through scientific articles, official and unofficial documents and web pages. Fifteen of the 23 countries monitor and publish national waiting time statistics and have some form of waiting time guarantees. There are significant differences in how waiting times are measured: whether they measure the "ongoing" or "completed" waiting period what kind of care the patient is waiting for; the parameters used; and where in the patient journey the measurement begins. Current national waiting time statistics are of limited use for comparing health care availability among the various countries due to the differences in measurements and data collection. Different methodological issues must be taken into account when making such cross-country comparisons. Within the given context of national sovereignty of health systems it would be desirable if countries could collaborate in order to facilitate international comparisons. Such comparisons would be of benefit to all involved in the process of continuous improvement of health services. They would also benefit patients who seek cross-border alternatives for their care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions, 118 82 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: nina.viberg@skl.se.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Viberg
authors.forename: Birger C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Forsberg
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borowitz
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Molin
mesh_terms: D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006302:Health Services Research / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D013997:Time Factors; D014850:Waiting Lists
keywords: Cross-country comparison; Health care; Health services; International; Waiting time