title: Protective effects of Vernonia amygdalina against sodium arsenite-induced genotoxicity in rat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Contamination of the environment with arsenic (As) from both human and natural sources is known as a global problem. This study investigated the chemoprotective potential of Vernonia amygdalina leave extract against sodium arsenite-induced genotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotoxic effects were evaluated in the rat bone marrow using micronuclei. The gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were assayed in rat serum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pre-treatment with extract of V. amygdalina at doses 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg significantly decreased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs). The GGT and ALP activities were elevated more than fourfold, in the liver of rats treated with sodium arsenite, while it was reduced almost to half when the sodium arsenit-treated rats were fed fresh V. amgdalina leave extracts The phytochemical constituents of V. amygdalina assayed in this study may be responsible for high radical scavenging of the DPPH free radical observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results indicate that V. amygdalina extract is capable of suppressing the chromosomal aberration induced by sodium arsenite in rat. Thus, V. amygdalina may be a potent chemoprotective agent against the toxicity of sodium arsenite in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola, University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000 Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Adewale
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adetutu
authors.forename: Emmanuel Bukoye
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Oyewo
authors.forename: Ayoade A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adesokan
keywords: Anticlastogenicity; Vernonia amygdalina; micronuclei test; rat; sodium arsenite
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