title: Pathological changes of the three clinical types of laryngeal burns based on a canine model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was designed to examine pathological changes of inhalational laryngeal burns of three clinical types: congestive, oedematous and obstructive.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 18 healthy, male, adult Beagle dogs were randomly assigned to inhale hot dry air at room temperature (group C), 80°C (Group 1), 160°C (Group 2) or 320°C (Group 3) for 20min to induce inhalation injury. Each larynx was evaluated and scored based on the 'clinical scoring and typing system of laryngeal burns at early stage'. Tissue samples of the epiglottis, laryngeal vestibule, vocal folds and infraglottic cavity of the larynx were observed microscopically and evaluated based on a 'pathological scoring system'.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pathological changes of the larynxes of groups 1 and 2 were primarily characterised by slight atrophy of the mucosa and mild oedema of the submucosal tissues. Group 3 larynxes showed two distinct pathological changes: oedematous and atrophic types. The larynxes of the atrophic type showed lower clinical scores (29.5±0.7 vs. 44.3±2.1) but higher pathological scores (18.6±3.2 vs. 13.7±1.8) than the larynxes of the oedematous type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe laryngeal burns could manifest as severe laryngeal oedema or atrophic change. The laryngeal burns of the atrophic type might suggest an unsatisfactory prognosis, although it had less risk of laryngeal obstruction at an early stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, PR China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Union Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 29, Xinquan Road, Fuzhou City, Fujian 350001, PR China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, PR China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: La-na
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao-zhuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, PR China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yan-hua
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, PR China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fang-gang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, PR China. Electronic address: jstburn@yahoo.cn.
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo-an
mesh_terms: D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy; D002059:Burns, Inhalation / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D004825:Epiglottis / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007820:Laryngeal Mucosa / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D007830:Larynx / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Animal models; Clinical type of laryngeal burns; Inhalation injury; Laryngeal burns; Pathological analysis