title: Learning biases underlying individual differences in sensitivity to social rejection.
abstract: People vary greatly in their dispositions to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and strongly react to social rejection (rejection sensitivity [RS]) with implications for social functioning and health. Here, we examined how RS influences learning about social threat. Using a classical fear conditioning task, we established that high compared to low individuals displayed a resistance to extinction of the conditioned response to angry faces, but not to neutral faces or nonsocial stimuli. Our findings suggest that RS biases the flexible updating of acquired expectations for threat, which helps to explain how RS operates as a self-fulfilling prophecy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Andreas.Olsson@ki.se
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carmona
authors.forename: Geraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Downey
authors.forename: Niall
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bolger
authors.forename: Kevin N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Ochsner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000502:physiology*; D005108:Extinction, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008297:Male; D012059:Rejection, Psychology; D012938:Social Perception; D055815:Young Adult
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