title: When rectal bleeding is serious: anal squamous cell carcinoma in two intravenous cyclophosphamide treated systemic lupus erythematosus patients with human papilloma virus infection.
abstract: Anal squamous cell carcinoma is a potentially fatal disease. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease worldwide and is responsible for almost all cases of anal cancer. Immunocompromised patients are at increased risk of developing anal dysplasia and malignancies. A lack of awareness of HPV-associated anal malignancies in the immunocompromised may lead to a delay in diagnosis and confer a poor prognosis.
authors.affiliation: NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lydon
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Belmont
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D003520:Cyclophosphamide
keywords: Anal cancer; human papilloma virus; systemic lupus erythematosus