title: Property changes of urinary nanocrystallites and urine of uric acid stone formers after taking potassium citrate.
abstract: The property changes of urinary nanocrystallites in 20 cases of uric acid (UA) stone formers after 1 week of potassium citrate (K3cit) intake were comparatively studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nanoparticle size analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. Before K3cit intake, the urinary crystallites mainly contained UA and calcium oxalate. After K3cit intake, the components changed to urate and UA; the qualities, species, and amounts of aggregated crystallites decreased; urine pH, citrate, and glycosaminoglycan excretions increased; and UA excretion, Zeta potential, and crystallite size decreased. The stability of crystallites followed the order: controls>patients after taking K3cit>patients before taking K3cit. Therefore, the components of urinary stones were closely related to the components of urinary crystallites.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Na
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Jun-Fa
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Yun-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Shang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D019357:Potassium Citrate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D055672:Static Electricity; D013997:Time Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine*; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D014527:Uric Acid; D019343:Citric Acid; D019357:Potassium Citrate
keywords: Nanocrystallites; Nanotechnology; Potassium citrate; Uric acid; Zeta potential