title: Outpatient oral analgesics in dogs and cats beyond nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: an evidence-based approach.
abstract: This article evaluates the current literature on oral analgesics and analgesic adjuncts in dogs and cats. An overview of how dosing recommendations are made covering controlled clinical trials, experimental study design, and pharmacokinetic studies is included. The weight of evidence for each drug is reviewed and compared with the gold standard, controlled clinical trials. Other evidence such as experimental studies, extrapolation of pharmacokinetic studies, and case reports/series is also considered. It important to know from what data dosing recommendations are derived and how much evidence supports the use of oral analgesics and analgesic adjuncts in dogs and cats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. kukanich@ksu.edu
authors.forename: Butch
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: KuKanich
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002415:Cats; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
keywords: Amantadine; Antidepressants; Gabapentin; Glucosamine; Opioids; Polysufated glycosaminoglycans; Pregabalin; Tramadol