title: Identification of highly-disrupted tRNA genes in nuclear genome of the red alga, Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D.
abstract: The limited locations of tRNA introns are crucial for eukaryal tRNA-splicing endonuclease recognition. However, our analysis of the nuclear genome of an early-diverged red alga, Cyanidioschyzon merolae, demonstrated the first evidence of nuclear-encoded tRNA genes that contain ectopic and/or multiple introns. Some genes exhibited both intronic and permuted structures in which the 3'-half of the tRNA coding sequence lies upstream of the 5'-half, and an intron is inserted into either half. These highly disrupted tRNA genes, which account for 63% of all nuclear tRNA genes, are expressed via the orderly and sequential processing of bulge-helix-bulge (BHB) motifs at intron-exon junctions and termini of permuted tRNA precursors, probably by a C. merolae tRNA-splicing endonuclease with an unidentified subunit architecture. The results revealed a considerable diversity in eukaryal tRNA intron properties and endonuclease architectures, which will help to elucidate the acquisition mechanism of the BHB-mediated disrupted tRNA genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, College of Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soma
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sugahara
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onodera
authors.forename: Nozomu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yachie
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Mio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohnuma
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuroiwa
authors.forename: Tsuneyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroiwa
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sekine
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics*; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D012343:RNA, Transfer
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