title: Short-term overeating results in incomplete energy intake compensation regardless of energy density or macronutrient composition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of overeating (140% of energy requirements) a high-fat low-energy density diet (HF/LED, 1.05 kcal/g), high-fat high-energy density diet (HF/HED, 1.60 kcal/g), and high-carbohydrate (HC) LED (1.05 kcal/g) for 2-days on subsequent 4-day energy intake (EI), activity levels, appetite, and mood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a randomized cross-over design, energy expenditure and EI were standardized during overeating.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 20 adults with a mean ± SD BMI of 30.7 ± 4.6 kg/m(2) , EI was not suppressed until the second day after overeating and accounted for ∼30% of the excess EI. Reductions in EI did not differ among the three diets or across days. Overeating had no effect on subsequent energy expenditure but steps/day decreased after the HC/LED and HF/HED. Sleep time was increased after the HF/HED compared to both LEDs. After overeating a HF/HED vs. HF/LED, carbohydrate cravings, hunger, prospective food consumption, and sadness increased and satisfaction, relaxation, and tranquility decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diet type, time, or their interaction had no impact on compensation over 4 days. No adaptive thermogenesis was observed. The HF/HED vs. HF/LED had detrimental effects on food cravings, appetite, and mood. These results suggest short-term overeating is associated with incomplete compensation.
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Apolzan
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bray
authors.forename: Marc T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Theodore W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Zderic
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Champagne
authors.forename: Desti
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shepard
authors.forename: Corby K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006963:Hyperphagia / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins
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