title: Attenuation of ischemia/reperfusion-induced ovarian damage in rats: does edaravone offer protection?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether prophylactic treatment with edaravone prevents ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced ovarian damage during pneumoperitoneum in an experimental rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight female Sprague Dawley rats were allocated randomly to 4 groups. The sham group (group 1) was only subjected to catheter insertion, not to pneumoperitoneum. Group 2 received a 1 mg/kg dose of 0.9% sodium chloride by the intraperitoneal route for 10 min before pneumoperitoneum. Groups 3 and 4 received 6 and 12 mg/kg edaravone, respectively, by the intraperitoneal route for 10 min before pneumoperitoneum. After 60 min of pneumoperitoneum, the gas was deflated. Immediately after the reperfusion period, both ovaries were excised for histological scoring, caspase-3 immunohistochemistry and biochemical evaluation including glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Also, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured in plasma samples to evaluate the antioxidant effect of edaravone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ovarian sections in the saline group revealed higher scores for follicular degeneration and edema (p < 0.0001) when compared with the sham group. Administration of different doses of edaravone in rats significantly prevented degenerative changes in the ovary (p < 0.0001). Caspase-3 expression was only detected in the ovarian surface epithelium in all groups, and there was a significant difference between the treatment groups and the saline group (p < 0.0001). Treatment of rats with edaravone reduced caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, biochemical measurements of oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH and TAC) revealed that prophylactic edaravone treatment attenuated oxidative stress induced by I/R injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that prophylactic treatment with edaravone prevents I/R-induced ovarian damage during pneumoperitoneum in an experimental rat model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ergenoglu
authors.forename: Oytun
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Erbaş
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akdemir
authors.forename: Ahmet Özgür
authors.initials: AÖ
authors.lastname: Yeniel
authors.forename: Nuri
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oltulu
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aktuğ
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Taskiran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000032:analysis; D000077553:Edaravone; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D010053:Ovary / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D053148:Caspase 3; D005978:Glutathione; D000077553:Edaravone; D000983:Antipyrine