title: Carbon dioxide conversion over carbon-based nanocatalysts.
abstract: The utilization of carbon dioxide for the production of valuable chemicals via catalysts is one of the efficient ways to mitigate the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. It is known that the carbon dioxide conversion and product yields are still low even if the reaction is operated at high pressure and temperature. The carbon dioxide utilization and conversion provides many challenges in exploring new concepts and opportunities for development of unique catalysts for the purpose of activating the carbon dioxide molecules. In this paper, the role of carbon-based nanocatalysts in the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide and direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide and methanol are reviewed. The current catalytic results obtained with different carbon-based nanocatalysts systems are presented and how these materials contribute to the carbon dioxide conversion is explained. In addition, different strategies and preparation methods of nanometallic catalysts on various carbon supports are described to optimize the dispersion of metal nanoparticles and catalytic activity.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mehrnoush
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khavarian
authors.forename: Siang-Piao
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Abdul Rahman
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Mohamed
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon