title: Gene expression changes with age in skin, adipose tissue, blood and brain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have demonstrated that gene expression levels change with age. These changes are hypothesized to influence the aging rate of an individual. We analyzed gene expression changes with age in abdominal skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue and lymphoblastoid cell lines in 856 female twins in the age range of 39-85 years. Additionally, we investigated genotypic variants involved in genotype-by-age interactions to understand how the genomic regulation of gene expression alters with age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using a linear mixed model, differential expression with age was identified in 1,672 genes in skin and 188 genes in adipose tissue. Only two genes expressed in lymphoblastoid cell lines showed significant changes with age. Genes significantly regulated by age were compared with expression profiles in 10 brain regions from 100 postmortem brains aged 16 to 83 years. We identified only one age-related gene common to the three tissues. There were 12 genes that showed differential expression with age in both skin and brain tissue and three common to adipose and brain tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Skin showed the most age-related gene expression changes of all the tissues investigated, with many of the genes being previously implicated in fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial activity, cancer and splicing. A significant proportion of age-related changes in gene expression appear to be tissue-specific with only a few genes sharing an age effect in expression across tissues. More research is needed to improve our understanding of the genetic influences on aging and the relationship with age-related diseases.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viñuela
authors.forename: Matthew N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Adaikalavan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramasamy
authors.forename: Leopold
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parts
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Asa K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hedman
authors.forename: Kerrin S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Small
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buil
authors.forename: Elin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grundberg
authors.forename: Alexandra C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Nica
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Meglio
authors.forename: Frank O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Nestle
authors.forename: Mina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ryten
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Durbin
authors.forename: Mark I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deloukas
authors.forename: Emmanouil T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Dermitzakis
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Weale
authors.forename: Veronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bataille
authors.forename: Tim D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Spector
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
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