title: Cognitive performance in older adults with stable heart failure: longitudinal evidence for stability and improvement.
abstract: Cognitive impairment is prevalent in heart failure (HF), though substantial variability in the pattern of cognitive impairment is found across studies. To clarify the nature of cognitive impairment in HF, we examined longitudinal trajectories across multiple domains of cognition in HF patients using latent growth class modeling. 115 HF patients completed a neuropsychological battery at baseline, 3-months and 12-months. Participants also completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Latent class growth analyses revealed a three-class model for attention/executive function, four-class model for memory, and a three-class model for language. The slope for attention/executive function and language remained stable, while improvements were noted in memory performance. Education and BDI-II significantly predicted the intercept for attention/executive function and language abilities. The BDI-II also predicted baseline memory. The current findings suggest that multiple performance-based classes of neuropsychological test performance exist within cognitive domains, though case-controlled prospective studies with extended follow-ups are needed to fully elucidate changes and predictors of cognitive function in HF.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Kent State University , Kent , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Alosco
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Mary Beth
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Spitznagel
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Dulmen
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Lawrence H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Sweet
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Josephson
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosneck
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gunstad
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
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