title: Association between metabolic syndrome and sexual dysfunction among men with clinically diagnosed diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The worldwide epidemic of diabetes and obesity has resulted in a rapid upsurge in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS makes the individual liable to endothelial dysfunction which can initiate sexual dysfunction (SD). This study assessed the association between MetS and SD among clinically diagnosed diabetic subjects in Tema, Greater Accra Region of Ghana.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sexual functioning was assessed using Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction in 300 consecutive diabetic men visiting the diabetic clinic of Tema General Hospital between November, 2010 and March, 2011. Anthropometric data including waist and hip circumference as well as blood pressure were measured. The levels of fasting blood glucose and serum lipid profile were assessed. All the men had a steady heterosexual relationship for at least 2 years before enrolment in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 91.3% out of the 300 subjects recruited for the study. Those with SD were significantly older and had diabetes for a longer period as compared to those without SD. The prevalence of MetS as defined by the various criteria was 78.8%, 43.4% and 51.8% for WHO, NCEP ATP III and IDF respectively. Central obesity (p = 0.0482) and raised blood pressure (p = 0.0309) are the significant MetS components when the studied population was stratified according to sexual functioning. Generally, SD as well as its sub-scales correlate positively with age, blood pressure, duration of diabetes and MetS score. Whereas TC and LDL-c correlated positively with non-communication, TG correlates positively with avoidance and infrequency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SD and its sub-scales have a direct relationship with duration of diabetes, blood pressure and MetS score from this study. Central obesity and raised blood pressure seem to be the link between MetS and SD among this clinically diagnosed diabetic subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.
authors.forename: Nafiu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amidu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
authors.forename: William Kba
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Owiredu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
authors.forename: Huseini
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alidu
authors.affiliation: Tema General Hospital, Tema, Greater Accra Region, Ghana.
authors.forename: Charity
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sarpong
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, (Urology Unit) Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital/College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
authors.forename: Christian K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Gyasi-Sarpong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quaye
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