title: Human urothelial micronucleus assay to assess genotoxic recovery by reduction of arsenic in drinking water: a cohort study in West Bengal, India.
abstract: Chronic exposure to arsenic through drinking water affects nearly 26 million individuals in West Bengal, India. Cytogenetic biomarkers like urothelial micronucleus (MN) are extensively used to monitor arsenic exposed population. In 2004-2005, 145 arsenic exposed individuals and 60 unexposed controls were surveyed of which 128 exposed individuals and 54 unexposed controls could be followed up in 2010-2011. In 2004-2005, the extent of arsenic content in the drinking water was 348.23 ± 102.67 μg/L, which was significantly lowered to 5.60 ± 10.83 μg/L in 2010-2011. Comparing the data obtained between 2004-2005 and 2010-2011, there was a significant decline in the MN frequency, when assayed in 2010-2011 compared to 2004-2005. Hence, we infer that urothelial MN can be utilized as a good biomarker in detecting remedial effects from toxicity of the low dose of arsenic through drinking water.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Human Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, WB, India.
authors.forename: Somnath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Pritha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhattacharjee
authors.forename: Prafulla K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Debmita
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.forename: Anirban
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.forename: Debasree
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deb
authors.forename: Aloke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: D N Guha
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Mazumder
authors.forename: Ashok K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Giri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001151:Arsenic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis* / Q000652:urine; D020261:Arsenic Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000187:drug effects*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D019459:Urothelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D060766:Drinking Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001151:Arsenic