title: Neurotrophins, inflammation and oxidative stress as illness activity biomarkers in bipolar disorder.
abstract: Recent studies highlight the presence of systemic toxicity as an integral dimension of bipolar disorder pathophysiology, possibly linking this mood disorder with other medical conditions and comorbidities. This review summarizes recent findings on possible peripheral biomarkers of illness activity, with a focus on neurotrophins, inflammation and oxidative stress. The possible mechanisms underlying the systemic toxicity associated with acute episodes in bipolar disorder are also discussed. Finally, the authors outline novel therapies that emerge from this new research and the assessment of multiple biomarkers as a potential approach to improving management strategies in bipolar disorder.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Translacional em Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pfaffenseller
authors.forename: Gabriel R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Fries
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wollenhaupt-Aguiar
authors.forename: Gabriela D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Colpo
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stertz
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Panizzutti
authors.forename: Pedro V S
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: Flávio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kapczinski
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors