title: Autocatalytic-assisted photorelease of a sensitizer drug bound to a silica support.
abstract: The photorelease of a sensitizer from a fluorinated silica surface occurs by a reaction of singlet oxygen with the vinyl ether bond linker with scission of a dioxetane intermediate. Irradiation of the released sensitizer generates singlet oxygen, which accelerates the release of more sensitizer via an autocatalytic reaction. Sigmoidal behavior of sensitizer release in n-butanol and n-octanol occurs at an optimal temperature of 20 °C. The photorelease efficiency was reduced at low temperatures, where the sensitizer was retained on the surface due to a long-lived dioxetane with inefficient scission, and also reduced at high temperatures, due to a slower reaction of (1)O2 with the vinyl ether bond. Immediate acceleration is a result of released sensitizer being used as a dopant to eliminate the induction step, further implicating an autocatalytic mechanism. However, the sigmoidal sensitizer release was not correlated to solvent viscosity, heat, or light from the dioxetane decomposition or to minor O2 solubility enhancements caused by the fluorinated silica. The mechanistic information collected here can be used to help control the pace of drug release; however, it remains to be seen whether an autocatalytic-based drug delivery system has an advantage to those with non-sigmoidal kinetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center, City University of New York, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bartusik
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minnis
authors.forename: Goutam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greer
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006573:Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring; D015394:Molecular Structure; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D026082:Singlet Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D006573:Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring; D011166:Porphyrins; C079142:1,2-dioxetane; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
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