title: Sagittal and vertical aspects of Class II division 1 subjects according to the respiratory pattern.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The teeth position, specially maxillary and mandibular incisors, in relation to basal bone and surrounding soft tissues must be considered in the elaboration of diagnosis, treatment planning and execution to obtain alignment, leveling, intercuspation, facial balance and harmony with stability of results.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the modifications in the positioning of incisors in individuals with Angle Class II, division 1 malocclusion in two distinct moments of dentocraniofacial development, with mean interval of 2 years and 5 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  The measures were obtained by means of lateral cephalograms of 40 individuals, being 23 nasal breathers (NB) and 17 mouth breathers (MB). The analyzed measures were overjet, overbite, UCI-NA, LCI-NB, UCI.NA, LCI.NB, UCI.SN, LCI.GoGn, UCI.LCI, ANB, GoGn.SN, and OccPl.SN. Statistical analysis (2-way repeated-measures ANOVA) was applied to verify intergroups differences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overjet, UCI-NA, LCI-NB, ANB, GoGn.SN, and OccPl.SN demonstrated statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) when observed the moment or the respiratory method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is alteration in the positioning of incisors during growth with interference of the respiratory pattern.
authors.affiliation: PUCPR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laura de Castro
authors.initials: Lde C
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.forename: Luciana Borges
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Retamoso
authors.forename: Raul Magnoler Sampaio
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.forename: Orlando
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000502:physiology*; D009058:Mouth Breathing / Q000209:etiology*; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D014716:Vertical Dimension
keywords: Angle Class II malocclusion; Breathing; Mouth breathing; Vertical dimension