title: Investigation of serum bisphenol A, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common health problem, and associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and diabetes. Growing evidence shows that 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 (25-OH-D) insufficiency and high parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels may be correlated to glucose intolerance, MetS, obesity, and cardiovascular abnormalities similar to OSAS. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor agent which exerts a wide variety of metabolic effects. It has estrogenic activity and its exposure may contribute to weight gain, obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, and the development of diabetes, also similar to OSAS. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between OSAS and serum BPA, 25-OH-D, and PTH levels. This study enrolled 128 subjects, with all of the OSAS patients having been diagnosed by polysomnography. The 128 subjects were divided into three groups: a control (n = 43), a moderate OSAS (n = 23) (AHI = 15-30), and a severe OSAS groups (n = 62) (AHI > 30). The serum BPA, 25-OH-D, and PTH levels for each subject were analyzed. 25-OH-D was lower in both OSAS groups, and PTH was higher in the OSAS groups than in the control subjects. The BPA levels were higher in the severe OSAS group than the moderate OSAS and control. There was a positive correlation between the BPA and body mass index, and a negative correlation between the 25-OH-D and BPA levels in all of the individuals. OSAS is related to high BPA and PTH levels, and low vitamin D levels. There is a positive association between BPA levels and OSAS, and the severity of OSAS. These results suggest that the BPA levels may have a role in the pathogenesis of OSAS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, 31000, Hatay, Turkey, dreserden@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ersin Sukru
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Erden
authors.forename: Sebahat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Genc
authors.forename: Sedat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Motor
authors.forename: Ihsan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ustun
authors.forename: Kemal Turker
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Ulutas
authors.forename: Hatice Kayim
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Bilgic
authors.forename: Suleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oktar
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sungur
authors.forename: Cihangir
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Erem
authors.forename: Cumali
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gokce
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D010636:Phenols / Q000097:blood*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D017286:Polysomnography; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D002118:Calcium; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010636:Phenols; D010758:Phosphorus; D014807:Vitamin D; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
references.citation: Med Hypotheses. 2003 Nov-Dec;61(5-6):535-42
references.pmid: 14592784
references.citation: PLoS One. 2010 Nov 09;5(11):e13882
references.pmid: 21085485
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2007 Jul 19;357(3):266-81
references.pmid: 17634462
references.citation: Respiration. 2013;86(4):295-301
references.pmid: 23154407
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012 Aug;1264:110-34
references.pmid: 22827862
references.citation: Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2008 Feb 15;5(2):136-43
references.pmid: 18250205
references.citation: Reprod Toxicol. 2007 Aug-Sep;24(2):199-224
references.pmid: 17683900
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Jul;90(7):4119-23
references.pmid: 15855256
references.citation: Endocrine. 2013 Dec;44(3):723-8
references.pmid: 23564558
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2004 Feb;145(2):592-603
references.pmid: 14605012
references.citation: Endocrine. 2013 Oct;44(2):465-72
references.pmid: 23340918
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Jan;114(1):106-12
references.pmid: 16393666
references.citation: Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2013 Mar;35(2):300-10
references.pmid: 23376180
references.citation: JAMA. 2008 Sep 17;300(11):1303-10
references.pmid: 18799442
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Nov;87(11):5185-90
references.pmid: 12414890
references.citation: Endocr Rev. 2009 Feb;30(1):75-95
references.pmid: 19074586
references.citation: Endocrine. 2012 Jun;41(3):518-25
references.pmid: 22246808
references.citation: Endocrine. 2013 Jun;43(3):618-25
references.pmid: 23015273
references.citation: Sleep Breath. 2013 Mar;17(1):339-42
references.pmid: 22467193
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Jan;88(1):157-61
references.pmid: 12519845
references.citation: Asian J Androl. 2012 Mar;14(2):204-21
references.pmid: 22367184
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Sep;118(9):1243-50
references.pmid: 20488778
references.citation: BMJ. 2010 Jan 11;340:b5664
references.pmid: 20064851
references.citation: Eur J Endocrinol. 2008 Jul;159(1):41-8
references.pmid: 18426812
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2011 Jan;34(1):e1-6
references.pmid: 21193614
references.citation: J Appl Toxicol. 2011 Oct;31(7):698-702
references.pmid: 21351110
references.citation: Sleep. 1996 Dec;19(10 Suppl):S243-7
references.pmid: 9085522
references.citation: PLoS One. 2013 Apr 15;8(4):e61282
references.pmid: 23596520
references.citation: J Urol. 2013 Jan;189(1 Suppl):S34-42; discussion S43-4
references.pmid: 23234628
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2011 Aug;152(8):3049-61
references.pmid: 21586551
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2004 Dec;27(12):2813-8
references.pmid: 15562190
references.citation: PLoS One. 2010 Jan 13;5(1):e8673
references.pmid: 20084273
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Sep;72(3):690-3
references.pmid: 10966885
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003 Aug 20;95(16):1218-26
references.pmid: 12928347
references.citation: Toxicol Sci. 2003 Sep;75(1):40-6
references.pmid: 12805653
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Jul;109(7):675-80
references.pmid: 11485865
references.citation: Diabetes. 2008 Oct;57(10):2619-25
references.pmid: 18591391
references.citation: J Atheroscler Thromb. 2007 Oct;14(5):245-52
references.pmid: 17938543
references.citation: Int J Impot Res. 2001 Oct;13(5):309-16
references.pmid: 11890520
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Sep;94(9):3306-13
references.pmid: 19549738
references.citation: Chem Biol Interact. 2013 May 25;203(3):556-64
references.pmid: 23562765
references.citation: Chin Med J (Engl). 2013 Jan;126(1):5-10
references.pmid: 23286469
references.citation: Obes Rev. 2012 Dec;13 Suppl 2:51-7
references.pmid: 23107259
references.citation: J Endocrinol Invest. 2013 Oct;36(9):681-5
references.pmid: 23558409
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2009 May 25;304(1-2):84-9
references.pmid: 19433252
references.citation: Endocrine. 2013 Oct;44(2):473-80
references.pmid: 23377775
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Apr;113(4):391-5
references.pmid: 15811827
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 2010 Sep 15;106(6):798-805
references.pmid: 20816120
references.citation: Sleep. 1991 Dec;14(6):540-5
references.pmid: 1798888
references.citation: Int J Androl. 2008 Apr;31(2):201-8
references.pmid: 18315718
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2010 Feb;33(2):344-7
references.pmid: 19846799
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2009 May 25;304(1-2):55-62
references.pmid: 19433248
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Apr;113(4):431-9
references.pmid: 15811834
references.citation: Biomed Chromatogr. 2009 Nov;23(11):1186-90
references.pmid: 19444800