title: MicroRNA regulate immune pathways in T-cells in multiple sclerosis (MS).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MicroRNA are small noncoding RNA molecules that are involved in the control of gene expression. To investigate the role of microRNA in multiple sclerosis (MS), we performed genome-wide expression analyses of mRNA and microRNA in T-cells from MS patients and controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Heparin-anticoagulated peripheral blood was collected from MS-patients and healthy controls followed by isolation of T-cells. MicroRNA and RNA from T-cells was prepared and hybridized to Affymetrix miR 2.0 array and Affymetrix U133Plus 2.0 Human Genome array (Santa Clara, CA), respectively. Verifications were performed with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 2,452 differentially expressed genes and 21 differentially expressed microRNA between MS patients and controls. By Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, 20 of 21 differentially expressed microRNA were shown to affect the expression of their target genes, many of which were involved in the immune system. Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14 (TNFSF14) was a microRNA target gene significantly decreased in MS. The differential expression of mir-494, mir-197 and the predicted microRNA target gene TNFSF14 was verified by real-time PCR and ELISA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that microRNA may be important regulatory molecules in T-cells in MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. margareta.jernas@medic.gu.se
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jernås
authors.forename: Clas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malmeström
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Axelsson
authors.forename: Intawat
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nookaew
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wadenvik
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lycke
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Olsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002469:Cell Separation; D019295:Computational Biology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D053326:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C505914:TNFSF14 protein, human; D053326:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14
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