title: Assessing prescription stimulant use, misuse, and diversion among youth 10-18 years of age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assessing the medical and nonmedical use (NMU) of stimulants and diversion is a challenge, especially among youth, with different methods for recruitment and definitions of NMU. The field needs inexpensive, yet effective and reliable, methods of data collection to understand the prescription drug use problem. Most studies of youth are school or web-based, and conducted with teens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The National Monitoring of Adolescent Prescription Stimulants Study recruited 11,048 youth 10-18 years of age from urban, rural, and suburban areas in 10 US cities using an entertainment venue intercept study. This review discusses the effectiveness of the method and results from four cross-sections as well as the representativeness of the sample. Lifetime prevalence of any stimulant use was 14.8%, with rates highest among rural 16-18 year olds. The rate of last 30-day use was 7.3%, with over half (3.9%) NMU. Nearly 12% of all youth (whether a user or not) reported lifetime incoming/outgoing diversion of prescription stimulants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because no study has focused on stimulant use among youth as young as 10 and 11, this study is a landmark for future comparisons and offers a unique strategy for sampling and data collection.
authors.affiliation: University of Florida, Gainsville, Florida, USA. lbcottler@ufl.edu
authors.forename: Linda B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Cottler
authors.forename: Catherine W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Striley
authors.forename: Sonam O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Lasopa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018579:Patient Selection; D063487:Prescription Drug Misuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D011998:Recreation; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants
references.citation: AIDS Educ Prev. 2010 Aug;22(4):299-311
references.pmid: 20707691
references.citation: Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008 Oct;16(5):417-28
references.pmid: 18837638
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006 Sep 15;84(2):135-43
references.pmid: 16480836
references.citation: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2010 Jan;51(1):84-93
references.pmid: 19674194
references.citation: AIDS Behav. 2011 Apr;15(3):635-42
references.pmid: 20711650
references.citation: Addict Behav. 2012 Jun;37(6):716-21
references.pmid: 22381640
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Jul;47(7):745-754
references.pmid: 18520963
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Jan 1;57(3):203-9
references.pmid: 10661671
references.citation: Ann Epidemiol. 2007 Sep;17(9):643-53
references.pmid: 17553702
references.citation: J Sch Health. 2002 May;72(5):205-11
references.pmid: 12109176
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006 Jun;83 Suppl 1:S4-7
references.pmid: 16563663
references.citation: J Addict Dis. 2013;32(1):1-10
references.pmid: 23480243
references.citation: J Adolesc Health. 2007 Jan;40(1):76-83
references.pmid: 17185209
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 Nov 1;118(2-3):452-8
references.pmid: 21665384
references.citation: Arch Sex Behav. 2010 Dec;39(6):1331-41
references.pmid: 19757011
references.citation: Addict Behav. 2012 Dec;37(12):1382-8
references.pmid: 22781877
references.citation: J Atten Disord. 2015 Jul;19(7):630-40
references.pmid: 23269194
references.citation: AIDS Behav. 2008 Jul;12(4 Suppl):S97-104
references.pmid: 18389357
references.citation: Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2008 Nov;1(3):255-62
references.pmid: 19630724
references.citation: J Addict Med. 2008 Mar;2(1):31-9
references.pmid: 21768970
references.citation: Public Health Rep. 1996;111 Suppl 1:138-44
references.pmid: 8862170
references.citation: Subst Use Misuse. 2004 Jun;39(7):1095-116
references.pmid: 15387205
references.citation: AIDS Behav. 2012 May;16(4):835-46
references.pmid: 21800179
references.citation: Euro Surveill. 2011 Jul 14;16(28):
references.pmid: 21794222