title: HMGA2 expression in the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line is autonomous of growth factor stimulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) protein acts as an oncofoetal transcriptional regulator. In mesenchymal tissues, its expression can be induced by a variety of growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF1) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) as well as by foetal bovine serum (FBS), thus enhancing proliferation.
  
  
  METHODS
  To examine these effects in epithelial malignancies, we used the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line for assaying proliferation and HMGA2 expression in response to incubation with growth factors and FBS. The HMGA2 locus was investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) for loss, amplification or re-arrangement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PC-3 is a cell line that moderately overexpresses HMGA2. None of the growth factors nor FBS caused significantly increased expression of HMGA2. In contrast, a significantly augmented proliferation rate was observed when applying FGF1 or PDGF-BB for 12 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HMGA2 is expressed independently of external stimuli, whereas proliferation stimulated by growth factors is independent of further elevated HMGA2 expression.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Human Genetics, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. ZHG, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marietta Henrike
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Drieschner
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Focken
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bartnitzke
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klemke
authors.forename: Jörn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bullerdiek
mesh_terms: D000077214:Becaplermin; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D056426:Genetic Loci / Q000235:genetics; D025743:HMGA2 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D025743:HMGA2 Protein; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1; D000077214:Becaplermin
keywords: HMGA2 expression; PC-3 cell line; growth factor; proliferation; prostate cancer