title: Intravesical chemo-immunotherapy in non muscle invasive bladder cancer.
abstract: Non-Muscle-Invasive-Bladder-Cancer represents 75-85% of the new bladder cancer cases per year. Trans-uretral vesical resection is the milestone for diagnosis and therapy. After primary treatment, recurrence is frequent depending on the presence of several established risk factors: multiplicity, T dimension, prior recurrence. In some patients disease progress to an advanced stage. Adjuvant chemo-immunotherapy has been widely used depending on the risk category assigned on the basis of the risk factors for recurrence. In low risk categories a one shot treatment with chemotherapy is considered the standard treatment without any maintenance therapy. In intermediate risk patients, adjuvant induction therapy and maintenance chemotherapy or immunotherapy for at least one year is recommended. In high risk patients adjuvant induction and maintenance immunotherapy until 3 years is considered the best strategy. In this review data on the different drugs used in this setting will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Uro-Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale", IRCCS, Napoli, Italia. s.pignata@istitutotumori.na.it.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leopardo
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Cecere
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Napoli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cavaliere
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pisano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Striano
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marra
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Menna
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Claudio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perdonà
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Setola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berretta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tambaro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pignata
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Facchini
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000379:methods; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents