title: Mini Review: linkages between essential tremor and Parkinson's disease?
abstract: Essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two of the most common movement disorders. Tremors are the primary symptoms of ET and of some PD patients, the two are often mistaken for each other. Especially since there are no available differentiate tests for the tremor of ET or PD, the early diagnoses mainly based on clinical assessments of medical symptoms, family and medication history, and examination by physicians. There is increasing evidence suggesting an association between ET and PD, such as a similar tremor frequency, overlapping resting tremors (a typical PD tremor), postural tremors (mainly in ET patients) in both ET and PD patients, and many ET patients develop PD later in life. Although it is difficult to make a differential diagnosis of ET and tremor-dominant PD based on clinical assessment, recent developments of objective measurements, such as brain imaging, neuropathology, and genetic analysis, has opened a helpful window for distinguishing ET from PD. In this mini review, we included literatures of ET and PD studies and discussed various advanced methods for differential diagnosis between ET and PD such as neuroimaging, genetic markers, tremor intensity and frequency, and drug-responses.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yiwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jianqing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Shangdi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Parkinson disease; brain imaging; essential tremor; genetic markers; intensity; tremor frequency
references.citation: Mov Disord. 2010 Apr 30;25(6):679-86
references.pmid: 20437537
references.citation: Neurology. 1989 Dec;39(12):1587-8
references.pmid: 2586774
references.citation: Brain. 2000 Aug;123 ( Pt 8):1568-80
references.pmid: 10908187
references.citation: Acta Neurol Scand. 2002 Feb;105(2):77-82
references.pmid: 11903115
references.citation: Mov Disord. 2009 Aug 15;24(11):1662-8
references.pmid: 19514058
references.citation: Neurology. 2004 Jan 27;62(2):208-11
references.pmid: 14745055
references.citation: Mov Disord. 2003 Feb;18(2):163-70
references.pmid: 12539209
references.citation: J Neurol. 2000 Dec;247(12):955-9
references.pmid: 11200689
references.citation: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008 Oct;79(10):1107-9
references.pmid: 18339731
references.citation: Mov Disord. 2013 May;28(5):640-6
references.pmid: 23450620
references.citation: Mov Disord. 2011 Jan;26(1):18-23
references.pmid: 21322015
references.citation: Neurology. 2001 Oct 23;57(8):1389-91
references.pmid: 11673577
references.citation: J Clin Neurosci. 2011 Sep;18(9):1224-8
references.pmid: 21745741
references.citation: Adv Neurol. 1987;45:313-6
references.pmid: 3825704
references.citation: Mov Disord. 2008 May 15;23(7):993-997
references.pmid: 18383536
references.citation: J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1998;105(10-12):1213-28
references.pmid: 9928890
references.citation: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013 Nov;84(11):1288-95
references.pmid: 23486993
references.citation: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001 Nov;71(5):682-4
references.pmid: 11606685
references.citation: Brain. 2007 Dec;130(Pt 12):3297-307
references.pmid: 18025031
references.citation: Drugs Aging. 2000 Apr;16(4):273-8
references.pmid: 10874522
references.citation: Mov Disord. 2007 Jul 30;22(10):1402-1407
references.pmid: 17516475
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 1976 Mar;39(2):370-83
references.pmid: 943474
references.citation: Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2012;2:
references.pmid: 23439850
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2006 Aug;63(8):1100-4
references.pmid: 16908735
references.citation: Lancet Neurol. 2005 Feb;4(2):100-10
references.pmid: 15664542
references.citation: Neurology. 1992 Aug;42(8):1554-60
references.pmid: 1641153
references.citation: Brain. 1997 Aug;120 ( Pt 8):1315-24
references.pmid: 9278625
references.citation: Exp Neurol. 2012 Oct;237(2):435-43
references.pmid: 22809566
references.citation: Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2012 Aug;18(7):859-63
references.pmid: 22591578
references.citation: Neurology. 2000;55(12 Suppl 6):S29-33
references.pmid: 11188972
references.citation: Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2013;3:
references.pmid: 23450143
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2001 Oct;58(10):1630-4
references.pmid: 11594921
references.citation: Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2006 Jan;12(1):49-55
references.pmid: 16271493
references.citation: Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2012;2:
references.pmid: 23439882
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 1987 Sep;44(9):921-3
references.pmid: 3619710
references.citation: Mov Disord. 1998;13 Suppl 3:2-23
references.pmid: 9827589
references.citation: Nucl Med Commun. 2008 Apr;29(4):349-53
references.pmid: 18317299
references.citation: Mov Disord. 2011 Apr;26(5):819-23
references.pmid: 21425343
references.citation: Mov Disord. 2003 Apr;18(4):389-94
references.pmid: 12671944
references.citation: Brain. 2007 Jun;130(Pt 6):1538-51
references.pmid: 17468116
references.citation: Br J Neurosurg. 2007 Oct;21(5):504-9
references.pmid: 17922323
references.citation: Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2012;2:
references.pmid: 23439960
references.citation: Gerontology. 2000 Jan-Feb;46(1):12-6
references.pmid: 11111223
references.citation: Nat Genet. 1997 Sep;17(1):84-7
references.pmid: 9288103
references.citation: Brain. 2006 Sep;129(Pt 9):2318-31
references.pmid: 16702189
references.citation: Genetika. 2002 Dec;38(12):1704-9
references.pmid: 12575458
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2003 Mar;60(3):405-10
references.pmid: 12633153
references.citation: Drug Discov Today. 2013 Feb;18(3-4):155-62
references.pmid: 22982303
references.citation: Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2012 Mar-Apr;46(2):145-56
references.pmid: 22581596
references.citation: Ann Intern Med. 1980 Sep;93(3):460-5
references.pmid: 7001967
references.citation: Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2012 Jun;18(5):609-11
references.pmid: 22123311