title: Pad stress tests with increasing load for the diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to test the ability of pad stress tests with increasing load (supine, jumping on the floor, and jumping on a trampoline) to document stress incontinence in subjectively stress incontinent women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study 147 subjectively stress and mixed incontinent women performed consecutively the three pad stress tests with a bladder volume of 300 ml. Nineteen women performed a second trampoline pad stress test to test repeatability of the test. Nine continent women performed a trampoline pad stress test in order to determine if subjectively continent women would leak during the test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-two women (49%) leaked during the supine, 136 (93%) leaked during the jumping, and 146 (99%) leaked during the trampoline pad stress test. The differences between pad stress tests were significant with P < 0.005. Correlation between the two trampoline pad stress tests was high at 0.8. None of the nine continent women leaked during the trampoline pad stress test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The supine pad stress test has low sensitivity and is therefore often falsely negative. The jumping pad stress test is a simple test to perform and is satisfactory for everyday use. Subjectively stress incontinent women who do not leak during the jumping pad stress test may perform a trampoline pad stress test to document stress incontinence. The trampoline pad stress test is also simple to perform and detected leakage in 91% of the women who did not leak during the jumping pad stress test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Liv
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rimstad
authors.forename: Elsa Skjønhaug
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Hjalmar A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Schiøtz
authors.forename: Sigurd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kulseng-Hanssen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016496:Incontinence Pads; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: female; stress test; urinary incontinence