title: The circadian clock in cancer development and therapy.
abstract: Most aspects of mammalian function display circadian rhythms driven by an endogenous clock. The circadian clock is operated by genes and comprises a central clock in the brain that responds to environmental cues and controls subordinate clocks in peripheral tissues via circadian output pathways. The central and peripheral clocks coordinately generate rhythmic gene expression in a tissue-specific manner in vivo to couple diverse physiological and behavioral processes to periodic changes in the environment. However, with the industrialization of the world, activities that disrupt endogenous homeostasis with external circadian cues have increased. This change in lifestyle has been linked to an increased risk of diseases in all aspects of human health, including cancer. Studies in humans and animal models have revealed that cancer development in vivo is closely associated with the loss of circadian homeostasis in energy balance, immune function, and aging, which are supported by cellular functions important for tumor suppression including cell proliferation, senescence, metabolism, and DNA damage response. The clock controls these cellular functions both locally in cells of peripheral tissues and at the organismal level via extracellular signaling. Thus, the hierarchical mammalian circadian clock provides a unique system to study carcinogenesis as a deregulated physiological process in vivo. The asynchrony between host and malignant tissues in cell proliferation and metabolism also provides new and exciting options for novel anticancer therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics/U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service/Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Loning
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Kettner
mesh_terms: D057906:Circadian Clocks; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Aging; Cancer immune surveillance; Cellular senescence; Chronotherapy; Circadian clock; Energy homeostasis; G1 cell cycle progression; Phase shift; Signal transduction; Tumor suppression
references.citation: Trends Cell Biol. 2006 Nov;16(11):547-9
references.pmid: 16996737
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2011 Jun;121(6):2133-41
references.pmid: 21633182
references.citation: Cancer Causes Control. 2001 Feb;12(2):95-101
references.pmid: 11246849
references.citation: Cell. 2002 Oct 18;111(2):251-63
references.pmid: 12408869
references.citation: Nature. 1992 Mar 19;356(6366):215-21
references.pmid: 1552940
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 26;279(13):12027-35
references.pmid: 14722127
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2010 Jun;27(4):722-41
references.pmid: 20560708
references.citation: Mutat Res. 2006 Apr 11;596(1-2):22-35
references.pmid: 16472827
references.citation: Blood. 2001 Jan 1;97(1):192-7
references.pmid: 11133760
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37833
references.pmid: 22662235
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2011 Jun;121(6):2087-93
references.pmid: 21633176
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2012 May 22;22(10):939-43
references.pmid: 22578422
references.citation: Nat Med. 2010 Jan;16(1):67-74
references.pmid: 20023637
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jul 31;109(31):12662-7
references.pmid: 22778400
references.citation: Brain Res. 2010 Jun 14;1337:21-31
references.pmid: 20382135
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2008 Oct;9(10):764-75
references.pmid: 18802415
references.citation: Cancer. 2012 Feb 15;118(4):937-46
references.pmid: 21773969
references.citation: Circulation. 2008 Nov 18;118(21):2166-73
references.pmid: 18981300
references.citation: Int J Fertil Womens Med. 2001 Sep-Oct;46(5):238-47
references.pmid: 11720196
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2002 Oct;2(10):764-76
references.pmid: 12360279
references.citation: Science. 2006 Jun 16;312(5780):1650-3
references.pmid: 16728594
references.citation: Cell Cycle. 2011 Dec 1;10(23):4162-9
references.pmid: 22101268
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2005 Feb 1;118(Pt 3):485-96
references.pmid: 15657080
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 2009 May;129(5):1225-31
references.pmid: 19037239
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e52983
references.pmid: 23285241
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2012 Sep 28;322(2):119-26
references.pmid: 22433713
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2005 Aug;5(8):655-62
references.pmid: 16056261
references.citation: Nature. 1999 Apr 15;398(6728):627-30
references.pmid: 10217146
references.citation: Science. 2011 Jun 17;332(6036):1436-9
references.pmid: 21680841
references.citation: Nat Immunol. 2002 Nov;3(11):999-1005
references.pmid: 12407407
references.citation: Science. 1986 Aug 8;233(4764):652-4
references.pmid: 3014662
references.citation: Diabetes Obes Metab. 2011 Oct;13 Suppl 1:82-8
references.pmid: 21824260
references.citation: Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2007;72:465-75
references.pmid: 18419306
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2006 Jul 15;20(14):1868-73
references.pmid: 16847346
references.citation: Nature. 2005 Oct 27;437(7063):1257-63
references.pmid: 16251950
references.citation: PLoS One. 2010 Jun 07;5(6):e10995
references.pmid: 20539819
references.citation: Prog Cell Cycle Res. 2000;4:193-206
references.pmid: 10740826
references.citation: J Pineal Res. 2010 Aug;49(1):60-8
references.pmid: 20524973
references.citation: BMC Cancer. 2010 Mar 24;10:110
references.pmid: 20334671
references.citation: Auton Neurosci. 2006 Dec 30;130(1-2):1-5
references.pmid: 16798102
references.citation: Science. 2010 Dec 3;330(6009):1349-54
references.pmid: 21127246
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012 Feb 5;349(1):91-104
references.pmid: 21939733
references.citation: PLoS One. 2010 Dec 23;5(12):e15330
references.pmid: 21203463
references.citation: Neurochem Res. 2008 Apr;33(4):708-18
references.pmid: 17965936
references.citation: Cell. 2002 Jul 26;110(2):251-60
references.pmid: 12150932
references.citation: Cell. 2008 Jul 25;134(2):329-40
references.pmid: 18662547
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2006 Jun 6;16(11):1107-15
references.pmid: 16753565
references.citation: Cell. 2000 Dec 22;103(7):1009-17
references.pmid: 11163178
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009 Aug 07;4(8):e6554
references.pmid: 19662092
references.citation: J Hematol Oncol. 2012 Nov 09;5:70
references.pmid: 23140144
references.citation: Cell. 2008 Jul 25;134(2):317-28
references.pmid: 18662546
references.citation: Cell. 1998 Jun 12;93(6):929-37
references.pmid: 9635423
references.citation: J Pineal Res. 2011 Mar;50(2):140-9
references.pmid: 21062352
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Jun 29;423(2):270-5
references.pmid: 22640743
references.citation: Biomed Res. 2008 Apr;29(2):99-103
references.pmid: 18480551
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Oct 18;298(1):133-43
references.pmid: 12379231
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2012 Oct 26;48(2):277-87
references.pmid: 22981862
references.citation: Mol Cancer Res. 2008 Sep;6(9):1461-8
references.pmid: 18819933
references.citation: Science. 2012 Aug 3;337(6094):599-602
references.pmid: 22767893
references.citation: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2006 Sep;26(9):645-9
references.pmid: 16978068
references.citation: Cell. 2008 Sep 5;134(5):703-7
references.pmid: 18775299
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2003 Jan 15;17(2):240-55
references.pmid: 12533512
references.citation: Science. 2001 Jul 20;293(5529):510-4
references.pmid: 11441146
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 1991 Aug;101(2):410-5
references.pmid: 2065918
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 2005 Jul;26(7):1241-6
references.pmid: 15790588
references.citation: Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2005;70:299-307
references.pmid: 16869766
references.citation: Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2012 Oct;28(7):560-73
references.pmid: 22556149
references.citation: Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2007;72:145-56
references.pmid: 18419272
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2012 Nov 1;176(9):760-3; discussion 764-5
references.pmid: 23035018
references.citation: Exp Gerontol. 1986;21(4-5):283-319
references.pmid: 3545872
references.citation: J Immunol. 2004 Mar 1;172(5):2811-7
references.pmid: 14978081
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Apr;1795(2):83-91
references.pmid: 19121370
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012 Oct;1271:37-43
references.pmid: 23050962
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2012 Nov;29(9):1180-94
references.pmid: 23003921
references.citation: Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2013 Mar;10(3):143-53
references.pmid: 23400000
references.citation: Nature. 2012 Nov 15;491(7424):348-56
references.pmid: 23151577
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Mar 7;103(10):3645-50
references.pmid: 16537449
references.citation: Science. 2012 Oct 19;338(6105):349-54
references.pmid: 22936566
references.citation: Cell Signal. 2011 Apr;23(4):621-9
references.pmid: 20946952
references.citation: Nature. 2012 Nov 15;491(7424):364-73
references.pmid: 23151579
references.citation: Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2010 Aug;75(2):165-72
references.pmid: 20656212
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2002 Apr 2;12(7):551-7
references.pmid: 11937023
references.citation: J Biochem. 2010 Sep;148(3):319-26
references.pmid: 20576619
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Mar 1;102(9):3407-12
references.pmid: 15689397
references.citation: Oncogene. 2007 Dec 13;26(57):7916-20
references.pmid: 17599055
references.citation: Hepatology. 2007 Jun;45(6):1478-88
references.pmid: 17538967
references.citation: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Dec;293(6):E1465-78
references.pmid: 17911338
references.citation: Science. 2003 Oct 17;302(5644):439-42
references.pmid: 14564007
references.citation: Nature. 2011 Nov 09;479(7374):547-51
references.pmid: 22080947
references.citation: Nature. 2004 Nov 18;432(7015):307-15
references.pmid: 15549092
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2011 Sep 29;192:304-11
references.pmid: 21767615
references.citation: Cell Cycle. 2012 Sep 15;11(18):3481-91
references.pmid: 22918252
references.citation: Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1276-9
references.pmid: 11950998
references.citation: Biochem Cell Biol. 1988 Jun;66(6):467-77
references.pmid: 3048325
references.citation: Epidemiology. 1998 Sep;9(5):490-4
references.pmid: 9730026
references.citation: J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Mar;20(1):153-8
references.pmid: 11370822
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47719
references.pmid: 23091641
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;917:376-86
references.pmid: 11268363
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2009 Jan;26(1):108-25
references.pmid: 19142761
references.citation: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010 Jul 31;62(9-10):979-1001
references.pmid: 20600409
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 May 1;94(9):690-7
references.pmid: 11983758
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1993 Jul 1;53(13):3129-38
references.pmid: 8319221
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Jul 21;346(1):169-74
references.pmid: 16750513
references.citation: Nature. 2001 Apr 26;410(6832):1107-11
references.pmid: 11323675
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 2001 Nov;159(5):1949-56
references.pmid: 11696456
references.citation: Integr Cancer Ther. 2009 Dec;8(4):309-16
references.pmid: 19926612
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2012 May 28;318(2):115-23
references.pmid: 22252116
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2007 May;10(5):543-5
references.pmid: 17417633
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998 Oct 7;90(19):1480-4
references.pmid: 9776414
references.citation: Nature. 2002 May 2;417(6884):78-83
references.pmid: 11967526
references.citation: J Infus Nurs. 2012 Sep-Oct;35(5):329-34
references.pmid: 22955155
references.citation: Ageing Res Rev. 2007 May;6(1):12-27
references.pmid: 17369106
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 2001 May;158(5):1793-801
references.pmid: 11337377
references.citation: Occup Environ Med. 2011 Feb;68(2):154-62
references.pmid: 20962033
references.citation: J Immunol. 2005 Jun 15;174(12):7618-24
references.pmid: 15944262
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2011 Jan;25(1):127-34
references.pmid: 20854894
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2008 Feb 22;283(8):4535-42
references.pmid: 18086663
references.citation: Science. 2007 Dec 14;318(5857):1786-9
references.pmid: 18006707
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):2850-5
references.pmid: 8610130
references.citation: Genes Cancer. 2010 Jun 1;1(6):547-554
references.pmid: 20882108
references.citation: Nature. 2004 Nov 18;432(7015):316-23
references.pmid: 15549093
references.citation: Pathol Oncol Res. 2010 Sep;16(3):403-11
references.pmid: 19957060
references.citation: Pharm Res. 2008 Sep;25(9):2097-116
references.pmid: 18626751
references.citation: Mol Cell Pharmacol. 2010;2(4):125-130
references.pmid: 21274417
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 2;101(9):3136-41
references.pmid: 14978272
references.citation: FEBS Lett. 2006 Dec 11;580(28-29):6665-8
references.pmid: 17125769
references.citation: Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2012 Apr;16(2):E56-68
references.pmid: 22459538
references.citation: Horm Metab Res. 2012 Jul;44(8):598-606
references.pmid: 22549397
references.citation: J Immunol. 2012 Mar 15;188(6):2583-91
references.pmid: 22308312
references.citation: Cell Death Differ. 2012 Mar;19(3):397-405
references.pmid: 21818120
references.citation: J Gastrointest Surg. 2013 Mar;17(3):443-50
references.pmid: 23254314
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1997 Feb 15;57(4):646-50
references.pmid: 9044841
references.citation: Anticancer Res. 2009 Apr;29(4):1201-9
references.pmid: 19414365
references.citation: Cell Cycle. 2008 May 1;7(9):1197-204
references.pmid: 18418054
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003 Jun 4;95(11):825-8
references.pmid: 12783938
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009;4(3):e4798
references.pmid: 19277210
references.citation: Semin Cancer Biol. 2010 Apr;20(2):85-92
references.pmid: 20435143
references.citation: Ann Oncol. 2012 Dec;23(12):3110-3116
references.pmid: 22745214
references.citation: Oncogene. 1999 Jan 21;18(3):813-22
references.pmid: 9989833
references.citation: Science. 2011 Mar 11;331(6022):1315-9
references.pmid: 21393543
references.citation: Exp Gerontol. 2011 Feb-Mar;46(2-3):100-7
references.pmid: 20851172
references.citation: Tumour Biol. 2012 Feb;33(1):149-55
references.pmid: 22081375
references.citation: Br J Cancer. 1968 Jun;22(2):324-9
references.pmid: 5660137
references.citation: Oncogene. 2013 Oct 24;32(43):5129-43
references.pmid: 23416979
references.citation: Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2012;52:179-97
references.pmid: 21942629
references.citation: Obes Surg. 2012 Jan;22(1):105-12
references.pmid: 22081238
references.citation: Cell. 2002 Oct 18;111(2):241-50
references.pmid: 12408868
references.citation: Br J Cancer. 2004 Jan 26;90(2):299-303
references.pmid: 14735167
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2009 Oct;26(7):1323-39
references.pmid: 19916834
references.citation: Nature. 2003 Jan 30;421(6922):499-506
references.pmid: 12556884
references.citation: Trends Cell Biol. 2007 Jun;17(6):286-91
references.pmid: 17481900
references.citation: Biol Res. 2004;37(1):11-28
references.pmid: 15174302
references.citation: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 Nov;17(11):2100-2
references.pmid: 19730426
references.citation: Cell. 2001 Oct 19;107(2):149-59
references.pmid: 11672523
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2012 Mar;26(3):407-13
references.pmid: 22019350
references.citation: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2013 Dec;79(6):807-11
references.pmid: 23199168
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2009 Oct 1;69(19):7619-25
references.pmid: 19752089
references.citation: Mutat Res. 2009 Nov-Dec;680(1-2):106-8
references.pmid: 20336819
references.citation: Nature. 2000 Oct 12;407(6805):777-83
references.pmid: 11048728
references.citation: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2013 Mar;33(3):108-14
references.pmid: 23402528
references.citation: Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2000;65:127-33
references.pmid: 12760027
references.citation: Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2010 May;9(5):373-86
references.pmid: 20431569
references.citation: Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Apr 15;19(8):1926-32
references.pmid: 23355630
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2010 Aug 1;123(Pt 15):2621-31
references.pmid: 20940130
references.citation: Endocr Rev. 2005 Dec;26(7):898-915
references.pmid: 16126938
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Sep 15;164(6):549-55
references.pmid: 16829554
references.citation: Biol Signals. 1997 Mar-Apr;6(2):77-89
references.pmid: 9266095
references.citation: Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov. 2011 May;5(2):109-23
references.pmid: 22074586
references.citation: Br J Cancer. 2001 Feb 2;84(3):397-9
references.pmid: 11161406
references.citation: Prog Brain Res. 2012;199:337-358
references.pmid: 22877674
references.citation: CA Cancer J Clin. 2011 Mar-Apr;61(2):69-90
references.pmid: 21296855
references.citation: Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol. 2004 Sep;280(1):901-9
references.pmid: 15382011
references.citation: Cell. 1998 Jun 26;93(7):1171-82
references.pmid: 9657150
references.citation: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2008 Jul;295(1):R355-60
references.pmid: 18434440
references.citation: Autoimmun Rev. 2012 May;11(6-7):A493-501
references.pmid: 22172713
references.citation: Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2011 Mar;30(1):5-12
references.pmid: 21249426
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2001 Sep 3;154(5):983-93
references.pmid: 11524435
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2004 Nov 5;16(3):399-411
references.pmid: 15525513
references.citation: Circ Res. 2011 Jul 8;109(2):217-30
references.pmid: 21737817
references.citation: Immunology. 2006 Dec;119(4):451-60
references.pmid: 16925591
references.citation: Science. 2001 Feb 9;291(5506):1040-3
references.pmid: 11232563
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Dec 21;364(3):457-63
references.pmid: 17964540
references.citation: In Vivo. 1990 Nov-Dec;4(6):385-9
references.pmid: 2103378
references.citation: Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2012 Aug;8(8):448-57
references.pmid: 22688888
references.citation: Cell. 2007 Jan 12;128(1):59-70
references.pmid: 17218255
references.citation: Prog Brain Res. 2010;181:17-33
references.pmid: 20478430
references.citation: Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2011 Sep;27(5):439-43
references.pmid: 21778879
references.citation: Cell. 2006 Jul 28;126(2):257-68
references.pmid: 16873059
references.citation: Cancer Causes Control. 2000 Jan;11(1):99-100
references.pmid: 10680735
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jan 10;109(2):582-7
references.pmid: 22184247
references.citation: PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54049
references.pmid: 23335987
references.citation: J Biochem. 2009 Mar;145(3):289-97
references.pmid: 19106159
references.citation: Prog Brain Res. 2012;199:163-181
references.pmid: 22877665
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2007 Apr 1;67(7):3117-26
references.pmid: 17409418
references.citation: Toxicol Sci. 2013 Apr;132(2):368-78
references.pmid: 23291558
references.citation: Cancer Sci. 2006 Jul;97(7):589-96
references.pmid: 16827798
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2002 Jul 1;196(1):129-34
references.pmid: 12093877
references.citation: Neuron. 2006 May 4;50(3):465-77
references.pmid: 16675400
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2003 Jan 15;17(2):201-13
references.pmid: 12533509
references.citation: J Biol Rhythms. 2003 Jun;18(3):250-60
references.pmid: 12828282
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 27;104(9):3342-7
references.pmid: 17360649
references.citation: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Sep;8(9):729-40
references.pmid: 17667954
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2006 May 5;22(3):375-82
references.pmid: 16678109
references.citation: Science. 2005 May 13;308(5724):1043-5
references.pmid: 15845877
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e30675
references.pmid: 22319576
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2012 Oct;153(10):4775-83
references.pmid: 22893723
references.citation: Mol Carcinog. 2009 Jul;48(7):642-7
references.pmid: 19148895
references.citation: Neoplasia. 2007 Oct;9(10):797-800
references.pmid: 17971899
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2002 May;9(5):1031-44
references.pmid: 12049739
references.citation: Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2010;50:377-421
references.pmid: 20055686
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2013 Mar;30 Suppl:S26-31
references.pmid: 23164950
references.citation: Science. 2009 May 22;324(5930):1029-33
references.pmid: 19460998
references.citation: Genome Biol. 2008;9(6):R92
references.pmid: 18518968
references.citation: Curr Top Cell Regul. 1982;21:189-203
references.pmid: 6754268
references.citation: Science. 2001 Jan 19;291(5503):490-3
references.pmid: 11161204
references.citation: Neuroreport. 2001 Feb 12;12(2):435-40
references.pmid: 11209963
references.citation: Can J Neurol Sci. 2010 May;37(3):365-70
references.pmid: 20481271
references.citation: Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Mar 1;13(5):1399-404
references.pmid: 17332281
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2008 May;28(9):3070-5
references.pmid: 18316400
references.citation: Cell Cycle. 2012 Aug 1;11(15):2819-27
references.pmid: 22801547
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 1999 Sep;16(5):581-622
references.pmid: 10513884
references.citation: Immunol Rev. 2008 Apr;222:155-61
references.pmid: 18364000
references.citation: Oncogene. 1995 May 4;10(9):1717-23
references.pmid: 7753548
references.citation: Curr Pharm Des. 2011;17(15):1512-6
references.pmid: 21501113
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Oct 9;98(21):12072-7
references.pmid: 11593017
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Oct 22;461(7267):1071-8
references.pmid: 19847258
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2000 Dec 1;14(23):2950-61
references.pmid: 11114885
references.citation: Neuron. 1993 Nov;11(5):825-36
references.pmid: 8240806
references.citation: Cancer Cell. 2007 Aug;12(2):104-7
references.pmid: 17692802
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Feb 18;94(4):1437-40
references.pmid: 9037071
references.citation: Oncol Rep. 2012 May;27(5):1417-28
references.pmid: 22344888
references.citation: Aviat Space Environ Med. 2003 Jul;74(7):699-706
references.pmid: 12862322
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1997 Jan 15;17(2):667-75
references.pmid: 8987789
references.citation: Cell. 2001 Jun 15;105(6):769-79
references.pmid: 11440719
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 2000 Oct;21(10):1891-7
references.pmid: 11023548
references.citation: Pharm Dev Technol. 2009;14(6):602-12
references.pmid: 19883249
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Oct 13;106(41):17582-7
references.pmid: 19805059
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jul 8;100(14):8164-9
references.pmid: 12808131
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2004 May 28;208(2):193-6
references.pmid: 15142678
references.citation: PLoS One. 2010 Jul 12;5(7):e11527
references.pmid: 20634945
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2006 Jun 14;26(24):6406-12
references.pmid: 16775127
references.citation: Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2011;62:335-64
references.pmid: 21526969
references.citation: PLoS Med. 2011 Dec;8(12):e1001141
references.pmid: 22162955
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Apr;25(8):3109-16
references.pmid: 15798197
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 2009 Aug;30(8):1269-80
references.pmid: 19321800
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001 Oct 17;93(20):1563-8
references.pmid: 11604480
references.citation: Scand J Work Environ Health. 2013 Mar 1;39(2):170-177
references.pmid: 23007867
references.citation: Zoolog Sci. 2004 Apr;21(4):359-68
references.pmid: 15118222
references.citation: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007 Aug 31;59(9-10):1015-35
references.pmid: 17692427
references.citation: BMJ. 2000 Sep 9;321(7261):624-8
references.pmid: 10977847
references.citation: Biogerontology. 2009 Aug;10(4):323-38
references.pmid: 19156531
references.citation: Horm Res. 2009 Nov;72 Suppl 1:36-41
references.pmid: 19940494
references.citation: BJU Int. 2012 Apr;109(7):968-85
references.pmid: 22035221
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1986 May;46(5):2377-85
references.pmid: 3697980
references.citation: Neuron. 2004 Aug 19;43(4):527-37
references.pmid: 15312651
references.citation: Science. 2009 May 1;324(5927):651-4
references.pmid: 19299583
references.citation: FASEB J. 1995 Mar;9(5):397-403
references.pmid: 7896010
references.citation: Nature. 2002 Aug 29;418(6901):935-41
references.pmid: 12198538
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2013 Jan;13(1):11-26
references.pmid: 23258168
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Nov 15;108(46):18790-5
references.pmid: 22025708
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2007 Nov 1;67(21):10618-22
references.pmid: 17975006
references.citation: Am J Cancer Res. 2012;2(6):691-8
references.pmid: 23226615
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jun 8;96(12):7011-6
references.pmid: 10359830
references.citation: Science. 2010 Dec 3;330(6009):1340-4
references.pmid: 21127244
references.citation: Annu Rev Neurosci. 2012;35:445-62
references.pmid: 22483041
references.citation: Cell Tissue Kinet. 1977 Jul;10(4):313-22
references.pmid: 884702
references.citation: FASEB J. 2006 Mar;20(3):530-2
references.pmid: 16507766
references.citation: J Nutr. 2004 Feb;134(2):295-8
references.pmid: 14747663
references.citation: Nature. 2012 Mar 29;485(7396):123-7
references.pmid: 22460952
references.citation: Nature. 1999 Apr 1;398(6726):422-6
references.pmid: 10201372
references.citation: Physiol Rev. 2010 Jul;90(3):1063-102
references.pmid: 20664079
references.citation: Sleep Med Rev. 2009 Aug;13(4):257-64
references.pmid: 19095474
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2003 May;3(5):350-61
references.pmid: 12724733
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012 Aug;1264:103-9
references.pmid: 22834651
references.citation: Physiol Rev. 2010 Oct;90(4):1547-81
references.pmid: 20959623
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2003 Nov;20(6):921-62
references.pmid: 14680136
references.citation: Rejuvenation Res. 2009 Jun;12(3):199-208
references.pmid: 19594328
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 1993 Oct;88(10):1744-8
references.pmid: 8213718
references.citation: J Cell Biochem. 2010 Apr 1;109(5):850-7
references.pmid: 20082320
references.citation: Med Hypotheses. 1997 Jun;48(6):523-5
references.pmid: 9247897
references.citation: Stem Cells. 2010 Sep;28(9):1623-9
references.pmid: 20641041
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2011 Feb;11(2):85-95
references.pmid: 21258394
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2011 Jan;25(1):101-9
references.pmid: 20816749
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012 Oct;1271:82-7
references.pmid: 23050968
references.citation: Aging Cell. 2003 Jun;2(3):145-50
references.pmid: 12882406
references.citation: Mol Cancer Res. 2008 Nov;6(11):1786-93
references.pmid: 19010825
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2009 Aug 18;281(1):1-7
references.pmid: 19070424
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 1987;4(4):513-23
references.pmid: 3435929
references.citation: Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2000;10(3-4):273-80
references.pmid: 11272469
references.citation: Cell. 1992 Mar 6;68(5):855-67
references.pmid: 1547487
references.citation: Prog Brain Res. 2000;122:351-67
references.pmid: 10737070
references.citation: Nat Med. 2001 Mar;7(3):356-60
references.pmid: 11231636
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2013 Jan;13(1):27-36
references.pmid: 23192231
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2009 Nov 1;69(21):8447-54
references.pmid: 19861541
references.citation: J Biol Rhythms. 2009 Jun;24(3):193-202
references.pmid: 19465696
references.citation: Int J Oncol. 2013 Jan;42(1):19-28
references.pmid: 23128507
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 19;91(15):7036-40
references.pmid: 8041741
references.citation: J Exp Med. 1996 Nov 1;184(5):1781-90
references.pmid: 8920866
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Jun;1024:102-23
references.pmid: 15265776
references.citation: Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Jan;32(1):121-8
references.pmid: 17653067
references.citation: Biotechnol Annu Rev. 2008;14:253-74
references.pmid: 18606367
references.citation: Age (Dordr). 2012 Dec;34(6):1421-33
references.pmid: 21971999
references.citation: Nature. 2010 Jul 29;466(7306):627-31
references.pmid: 20562852
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2003 Jul;20(4):683-95
references.pmid: 12916720
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2011 May;28(5):446-57
references.pmid: 21721860
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Dec;12(12):4557-61
references.pmid: 11122368
references.citation: CA Cancer J Clin. 2010 Sep-Oct;60(5):277-300
references.pmid: 20610543
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2009 Jul;5(7):e1000573
references.pmid: 19629164
references.citation: Neuron. 2007 Jun 7;54(5):831-43
references.pmid: 17553429
references.citation: Prog Cell Cycle Res. 1996;2:241-66
references.pmid: 9552400
references.citation: J Circadian Rhythms. 2008 Mar 11;6:4
references.pmid: 18334030
references.citation: Cell. 2004 Nov 24;119(5):693-705
references.pmid: 15550250
references.citation: Cell. 2012 Mar 30;149(1):22-35
references.pmid: 22464321
references.citation: Br J Cancer. 1996 Oct;74(8):1248-52
references.pmid: 8883412
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 1998 Dec;1(8):693-700
references.pmid: 10196585
references.citation: Eur J Haematol. 2009 Oct;83(4):320-7
references.pmid: 19500131
references.citation: Cell. 2005 Dec 2;123(5):833-47
references.pmid: 16325578
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 8;103(32):12150-5
references.pmid: 16880388
references.citation: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Feb;8(2):139-48
references.pmid: 17245414
references.citation: Am J Cancer Res. 2013;3(1):21-33
references.pmid: 23359288
references.citation: Nature. 2002 Dec 19-26;420(6917):860-7
references.pmid: 12490959
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;19(1):1-11
references.pmid: 9858526
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2008 Jun 27;283(26):18218-26
references.pmid: 18458078
references.citation: EMBO Mol Med. 2012 Aug;4(8):675-84
references.pmid: 22733553
references.citation: PLoS One. 2010 Oct 11;5(10):e13297
references.pmid: 20949016
references.citation: Nature. 2012 Nov 15;491(7424):357-63
references.pmid: 23151578
references.citation: Cell. 2006 May 5;125(3):497-508
references.pmid: 16678094
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2008 Jan;22(1):15-21
references.pmid: 17697764
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012 Sep 25;361(1-2):12-23
references.pmid: 22575351
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2005 Aug 19;280(33):29397-402
references.pmid: 15972822
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012 Mar 24;350(2):235-41
references.pmid: 21827828
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 1994 Apr;106(4):982-7
references.pmid: 8144003
references.citation: J Nutr. 2012 Jul;142(7):1213-8
references.pmid: 22623394
references.citation: Exp Mol Med. 2007 Feb 28;39(1):8-13
references.pmid: 17334224
references.citation: J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Jun;110(6):917-21
references.pmid: 20497782
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 13;101(15):5339-46
references.pmid: 14963227
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 24;106(8):2841-6
references.pmid: 19188586
references.citation: Science. 1995 Mar 10;267(5203):1456-62
references.pmid: 7878464
references.citation: Prog Brain Res. 2006;153:341-60
references.pmid: 16876585
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 1999 Feb;154(2):613-22
references.pmid: 10027418
references.citation: Immunol Rev. 2012 Jul;248(1):36-55
references.pmid: 22725953
references.citation: Cell. 1993 Nov 19;75(4):817-25
references.pmid: 8242752
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1984 Aug;44(8):3403-7
references.pmid: 6430548
references.citation: Cell. 2005 Sep 9;122(5):803-15
references.pmid: 16143109
references.citation: Trends Mol Med. 2013 Mar;19(3):197-209
references.pmid: 23348042
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2001 Sep;2(9):702-15
references.pmid: 11533719
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2009 Dec 15;69(24):9315-22
references.pmid: 19934327
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2012 Dec 1;131(11):2684-92
references.pmid: 22488038
references.citation: Cell. 2001 Jun 1;105(5):683-94
references.pmid: 11389837
references.citation: Nature. 2006 May 25;441(7092):431-6
references.pmid: 16724054
references.citation: Nature. 2011 Dec 21;480(7378):480-9
references.pmid: 22193102
references.citation: Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Oct 01;4(10):
references.pmid: 23028116
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1991;618:257-76
references.pmid: 2006788
references.citation: Tumour Biol. 2012 Dec;33(6):1933-42
references.pmid: 22811001
references.citation: Cell. 2002 Oct 4;111(1):41-50
references.pmid: 12372299
references.citation: J Carcinog. 2012;11:15
references.pmid: 23230392
references.citation: Nature. 2002 Jan 3;415(6867):45-53
references.pmid: 11780111
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2003 Oct;23(20):7256-70
references.pmid: 14517295
references.citation: Annu Rev Physiol. 2013;75:685-705
references.pmid: 23140366
references.citation: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2006 Oct;291(4):R1172-80
references.pmid: 16709646
references.citation: Nature. 2007 May 24;447(7143):477-81
references.pmid: 17476214
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jul 17;109(29):11758-63
references.pmid: 22753467
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 1993 Jun;10(3):201-4
references.pmid: 8319318
references.citation: Genes Cells. 2010 Apr 1;15(4):351-8
references.pmid: 20236181
references.citation: Cell. 2002 May 3;109(3):307-20
references.pmid: 12015981
references.citation: Nature. 2011 Nov 09;480(7376):209-14
references.pmid: 22080954
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Apr;98(4):1333-42
references.pmid: 23450053
references.citation: Virchows Arch. 2009 Apr;454(4):467-74
references.pmid: 19296127
references.citation: Mutat Res. 2006 Jan 29;593(1-2):64-79
references.pmid: 16085125
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2006 Aug;74(8):4750-6
references.pmid: 16861663
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Feb;21(4):1370-83
references.pmid: 11158322
references.citation: Nature. 2009 May 21;459(7245):356-63
references.pmid: 19458711
references.citation: Cell. 2013 Jan 31;152(3):492-503
references.pmid: 23374345
references.citation: Cell. 2004 Feb 20;116(4):499-509
references.pmid: 14980218
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2009 Dec;26(8):1514-44
references.pmid: 20030538
references.citation: Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Mar 1;11(5):1757-64
references.pmid: 15755997
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2006 Sep;20(5):469-76
references.pmid: 16309885
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Mar 27;452(7186):442-7
references.pmid: 18256599
references.citation: Mol Carcinog. 2008 Dec;47(12):925-33
references.pmid: 18444243
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2003 Oct;17(5):321-8
references.pmid: 12946654
references.citation: Semin Radiat Oncol. 2010 Jan;20(1):3-11
references.pmid: 19959026
references.citation: Obes Rev. 2013 May;14(5):405-16
references.pmid: 23387351
references.citation: J Neurosci Res. 2001 Dec 15;66(6):1133-9
references.pmid: 11746446
references.citation: EMBO J. 2012 Jun 13;31(12):2714-36
references.pmid: 22617422
references.citation: Nature. 2001 May 17;411(6835):342-8
references.pmid: 11357141
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011 Mar;1220:71-81
references.pmid: 21388405
references.citation: Nature. 2006 Sep 21;443(7109):289-95
references.pmid: 16988703
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2008 Feb 26;18(4):286-91
references.pmid: 18291650
references.citation: Clin Cancer Res. 2000 Aug;6(8):3038-45
references.pmid: 10955782
references.citation: EMBO Rep. 2004 May;5(5):503-9
references.pmid: 15105825
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2012 Dec 15;131(12):2820-31
references.pmid: 22510946
references.citation: Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(11):5725-8
references.pmid: 23317246
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012 Feb 5;349(1):20-9
references.pmid: 21782883
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2006 Nov 8;243(1):55-7
references.pmid: 16451817
references.citation: Cancer Cell. 2008 Jun;13(6):472-82
references.pmid: 18538731
references.citation: Science. 2009 Oct 16;326(5951):437-40
references.pmid: 19833968
references.citation: Annu Rev Immunol. 2004;22:329-60
references.pmid: 15032581
references.citation: Leukemia. 2004 Feb;18(2):189-218
references.pmid: 14737178
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2009 Apr;5(4):e1000442
references.pmid: 19343201
references.citation: Circ Res. 2010 Feb 19;106(3):447-62
references.pmid: 20167942
references.citation: Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2011 Jun;127(2):531-40
references.pmid: 20978934
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 1991 Jun;93:59-62
references.pmid: 1663451
references.citation: Cell. 1997 May 16;89(4):655-67
references.pmid: 9160756
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2009 Jan;29(1):171-80
references.pmid: 19032592
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1970 Mar;44(3):581-5
references.pmid: 11515426
references.citation: Nature. 1999 Jul 8;400(6740):169-73
references.pmid: 10408444
references.citation: Immunol Rev. 2012 Mar;246(1):154-67
references.pmid: 22435553
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2007 Jan 15;120(2):432-5
references.pmid: 17096334
references.citation: Cell Immunol. 2008 Mar-Apr;252(1-2):27-56
references.pmid: 18308299
references.citation: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 May;13(5):779-86
references.pmid: 15159310
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2009 Oct 9;36(1):2-14
references.pmid: 19818705
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010 Nov;1212:114-29
references.pmid: 21070249
references.citation: Clin Exp Immunol. 1997 Dec;110(3):500-8
references.pmid: 9409657
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012 Feb 5;349(1):82-90
references.pmid: 21784128
references.citation: Nature. 2011 Dec 14;480(7378):552-6
references.pmid: 22170608
references.citation: Ageing Res Rev. 2006 Feb;5(1):33-51
references.pmid: 16126012
references.citation: Oncogene. 2012 Sep 6;31(36):3999-4011
references.pmid: 22231450
references.citation: Exp Hematol. 1998 Nov;26(12):1172-7
references.pmid: 9808057
references.citation: Cell. 1993 Nov 19;75(4):805-16
references.pmid: 8242751
references.citation: Science. 2006 Apr 14;312(5771):233-6
references.pmid: 16614213
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Feb 16;96(4):1603-8
references.pmid: 9990071
references.citation: Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002;507:177-84
references.pmid: 12664583
references.citation: Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 2013;89(1):59-65
references.pmid: 23318682
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Sep 11;109(37):E2457-65
references.pmid: 22895791
references.citation: Cell. 2002 Apr;109 Suppl:S13-9
references.pmid: 11983149
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2013 Mar;30 Suppl:S10-8
references.pmid: 23207104
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2008 Nov 1;123(9):2148-51
references.pmid: 18697199
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2007 Feb 1;67(3):863-7
references.pmid: 17283114
references.citation: Cell. 2002 Dec 27;111(7):919-22
references.pmid: 12507418
references.citation: Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2010 Oct;42(10):1571-5
references.pmid: 20541034
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2007 May;21(4):467-76
references.pmid: 17174528
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001 Oct 17;93(20):1557-62
references.pmid: 11604479
references.citation: Oncogene. 1995 Jul 6;11(1):181-90
references.pmid: 7624126
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2012 Feb;32(4):730-9
references.pmid: 22158970
references.citation: Mol Carcinog. 2006 Oct;45(10):732-40
references.pmid: 16683245
references.citation: Sleep Med Rev. 2013 Aug;17(4):273-84
references.pmid: 23137527
references.citation: Nature. 2004 Nov 18;432(7015):298-306
references.pmid: 15549091
references.citation: Genes Dev. 1999 May 15;13(10):1240-5
references.pmid: 10346812
references.citation: Am J Hum Genet. 2012 Jun 8;90(6):941-9
references.pmid: 22578325
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2012 Oct;29(8):1109-20
references.pmid: 22889441
references.citation: Science. 2011 Jun 10;332(6035):1313-7
references.pmid: 21659603
references.citation: Life Sci. 1999;64(26):2523-34
references.pmid: 10403512
references.citation: Science. 2000 Sep 29;289(5488):2344-7
references.pmid: 11009419
references.citation: Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 Mar;13(3):190-8
references.pmid: 23391992
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):762-5
references.pmid: 19219026
references.citation: Cell. 2006 Jul 14;126(1):107-20
references.pmid: 16839880
references.citation: Nat Med. 2010 Oct;16(10):1152-6
references.pmid: 20852621
references.citation: Mutat Res. 2009 Nov-Dec;680(1-2):95-105
references.pmid: 19833225
references.citation: Neuron. 2001 May;30(2):525-36
references.pmid: 11395012
references.citation: Circ Res. 2011 Aug 19;109(5):543-53
references.pmid: 21719760
references.citation: Haematologica. 2009 Feb;94(2):280-4
references.pmid: 19181792
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2005 Aug 1;65(15):6828-34
references.pmid: 16061665
references.citation: Nat Cell Biol. 2008 Dec;10(12):1463-9
references.pmid: 19029909
references.citation: Cell. 1997 Dec 26;91(7):1043-53
references.pmid: 9428526
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Jun 21;92(12):994-1000
references.pmid: 10861311
references.citation: Cell. 2007 May 4;129(3):461-4
references.pmid: 17482541
references.citation: Mol Brain. 2009 Aug 27;2:28
references.pmid: 19712475
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2009 Dec;9(12):886-96
references.pmid: 19935677
references.citation: J Pineal Res. 2011 Oct;51(3):259-69
references.pmid: 21605163
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2002 Apr 2;12(7):540-50
references.pmid: 11937022
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 2012 Sep;33(9):1684-91
references.pmid: 22791811
references.citation: Neoplasma. 2002;49(6):349-55
references.pmid: 12584581
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1987 Dec 1;47(23):6267-71
references.pmid: 3677075
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2012 Jul 20;287(30):25280-91
references.pmid: 22669941
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Mar 16;107(11):4890-5
references.pmid: 20304803
references.citation: Exp Cell Res. 2002 May 1;275(2):143-54
references.pmid: 11969286
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2003 May 1;17(9):1115-29
references.pmid: 12695333
references.citation: Cell Metab. 2010 Aug 4;12(2):174-86
references.pmid: 20674862
references.citation: Recent Results Cancer Res. 2003;163:72-84; discussion 264-6
references.pmid: 12903844
references.citation: Cancer Sci. 2006 Dec;97(12):1298-307
references.pmid: 16999817
references.citation: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2008;87(10):1060-70
references.pmid: 18720043
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2002 May;9(5):1017-29
references.pmid: 12049738
references.citation: Brain Behav Immun. 2013 Mar;30 Suppl:S163-70
references.pmid: 22884416
references.citation: Blood. 1991 Jun 15;77(12):2603-11
references.pmid: 2043764
references.citation: Brain Res. 1996 Nov 11;739(1-2):308-13
references.pmid: 8955952
references.citation: Science. 1956 Feb 24;123(3191):309-14
references.pmid: 13298683
references.citation: J Radiat Res. 2011;52(5):539-44
references.pmid: 21881296
references.citation: Obes Rev. 2012 Dec;13 Suppl 2:83-96
references.pmid: 23107262
references.citation: Science. 2003 Oct 10;302(5643):255-9
references.pmid: 12934012