title: Ethyl glucuronide identified in commercial hair tonics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in hair is considered as a specific marker of ethanol consumption. Prompted by a report of positive EtG hair testings due to hair treatment with an EtG containing hair lotion, commercially available herbal hair tonics from supermarkets, drug-stores, and health food stores were analyzed for the presence of EtG and ethyl sulfate (EtS).
  
  
  METHODS
  LC-MS/MS (QTRAP 5500 mass spectrometer) was done in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), enhanced product ion (EPI) and MS(3) mode. The lower limit of quantitation was 0.05 mg/L for EtG and the cut-off for the detection of EtS 0.01 mg/L.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Altogether 11 hair tonics from 8 manufacturers were tested, with 1 product in 3 different lots. EtG ranged between 0.07 and 1.06 mg/L (7 products from 4 manufacturers) and was almost identical in the 3 lots of 1 product (1.01-1.06 mg/L). EtS was found in 3 out of the 11 hair tonics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EtG is quite frequently present in commercially available herbal hair tonics. Using EtG in hair as a marker of alcohol (ab)use, one has to consider external sources of EtG and has to assess the use of hair care products, esp. if the patient denies any ethanol intake. Whether EtS is a more reliable alcohol (ab)use marker, as sometimes discussed, should be critically assessed against the background of its broad use in large amounts in industrial chemistry.
authors.affiliation: Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Konrad-Adenauer-Strasse 17, D-55218 Ingelheim, Germany. torsten.arndt@bioscientia.de
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arndt
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schröfel
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stemmerich
keywords: Alcohol; EtG; EtS; Ethyl glucuronide; Hair testing; Hair tonic; LC–MS/MS; ethyl glucuronide; ethyl sulfate