title: Diabetes mellitus and cancer risk: pooled analysis of eight cohort studies in Japan.
abstract: Although a growing body of evidence suggests a link between diabetes and cancer, it is not clear whether diabetes independently increases the risk of cancer. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of the association between pre-existing diabetes and total and site-specific cancer risk based on a pooled analysis of eight cohort studies in Japan (>330 000 subjects). We estimated a summary hazard ratio by pooling study-specific hazard ratios for total and site-specific cancer by using a random-effects model. A statistically increased risk was observed for cancers at specific sites, such as colon (hazard ratio; HR = 1.40), liver (HR = 1.97), pancreas (HR = 1.85) and bile duct (HR = 1.66; men only). Increased risk was also suggested for other sites, and diabetes mellitus was associated with an overall 20% increased risk in total cancer incidence in the Japanese population. The association between these two diseases has important implications for reiterating the importance of controlling lifestyle factors and may suggest a possible strategy for cancer screening among patients with diabetes. Studies continuously investigating the risk factors for diabetes are also important.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shizuka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasazuki
authors.forename: Hadrien
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Charvat
authors.forename: Azusa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakai
authors.forename: Chisato
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Kozue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamakoshi
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oze
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizoue
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Manami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Shoichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsugane
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012042:Registries; D012306:Risk
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2007 Aug 15;121(4):856-62
references.pmid: 17397032
references.citation: J Epidemiol. 2001 Oct;11(6 Suppl):S24-9
references.pmid: 11763136
references.citation: Eur J Cancer. 2011 Sep;47(13):1928-37
references.pmid: 21458985
references.citation: Cancer Sci. 2013 Nov;104(11):1499-507
references.pmid: 23889822
references.citation: Cancer Causes Control. 2012 Feb;23(2):263-72
references.pmid: 22094992
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2009 Sep;32(9):1620-5
references.pmid: 19564453
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 2000 Jul 10;160(13):1962-8
references.pmid: 10888970
references.citation: Diabetologia. 2009 Sep;52(9):1766-77
references.pmid: 19572116
references.citation: BMC Gastroenterol. 2012 Dec 12;12:177
references.pmid: 23234272
references.citation: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Nov;23(12):1127-35
references.pmid: 21934509
references.citation: Eur J Cancer Prev. 2007 Feb;16(1):83-9
references.pmid: 17220709
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2012 Apr 1;130(7):1639-48
references.pmid: 21544812
references.citation: Stat Med. 2007 Mar 15;26(6):1343-59
references.pmid: 16955538
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2007 May 11;282(19):14635-44
references.pmid: 17327226
references.citation: J Diabetes Complications. 2010 Sep-Oct;24(5):345-53
references.pmid: 20656522
references.citation: Nat Clin Pract Oncol. 2005 Jan;2(1):48-53
references.pmid: 16264856
references.citation: J Epidemiol. 2005 Mar;15 Suppl 1:S4-8
references.pmid: 15881191
references.citation: Endocr Pract. 2011 Jul-Aug;17(4):616-28
references.pmid: 21454235
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2004 Aug;4(8):579-91
references.pmid: 15286738
references.citation: Eur J Epidemiol. 2011 Nov;26(11):863-76
references.pmid: 21938478
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 2006 Sep 25;166(17):1871-7
references.pmid: 17000944
references.citation: Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2001 Sep-Oct;17(5):374-9
references.pmid: 11747142
references.citation: Cancer Sci. 2005 Feb;96(2):120-6
references.pmid: 15723657
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 1992 Oct 21;52(4):511-6
references.pmid: 1399128
references.citation: BMJ. 1998 Apr 18;316(7139):1236-8
references.pmid: 9553006
references.citation: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Nov;15(11):2056-62
references.pmid: 17119028
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Jan 1;145(1):72-80
references.pmid: 8982025
references.citation: Br J Cancer. 2003 Apr 7;88(7):1038-43
references.pmid: 12671701
references.citation: Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2006 Apr-Jun;7(2):253-9
references.pmid: 16839219
references.citation: Cancer Causes Control. 2011 Jun;22(6):837-47
references.pmid: 21424210
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Mar 17;91(6):542-7
references.pmid: 10088625
references.citation: J Epidemiol. 1998 Dec;8(5):258-63
references.pmid: 9884474
references.citation: Cancer Causes Control. 1995 Mar;6(2):164-79
references.pmid: 7749056
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2008 Sep 1;168(5):471-80
references.pmid: 18611954
references.citation: Diabetologia. 2007 Jul;50(7):1365-74
references.pmid: 17476474
references.citation: Diabetologia. 2006 Dec;49(12):2819-23
references.pmid: 17021919
references.citation: Diabet Med. 2005 Mar;22(3):323-31
references.pmid: 15717882
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Dec 30;253(3):887-92
references.pmid: 9918825
references.citation: Br J Surg. 1992 Dec;79(12):1361-3
references.pmid: 1486441
references.citation: J Epidemiol. 2008;18(5):197-203
references.pmid: 18753735
references.citation: Diabetologia. 2011 May;54(5):1013-8
references.pmid: 21274512
references.citation: J Epidemiol. 2004 Feb;14 Suppl 1:S2-6
references.pmid: 15143871