title: Adiposity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in renal transplant recipients: Are there differences between sexes?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate high body adiposity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors prevalence, in renal transplant recipients (RTR), comparing men with women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 102 patients (55 men) who were 49 ± 1.2 y and 114.3 ± 9 mo post-transplant (post-tx) were evaluated. Pretransplant (pre-tx) period data and weight gain during the first year post-tx were obtained from patient charts and post-tx data were collected during a routine visit at nephrology clinic. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m(2) defined overweight and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2) defined obesity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pre-tx overweight prevalence was low and similar between men and women (26%), whereas only women showed obesity (11%). Post-tx body weight increased significantly in the entire group, leading to an increase in overweight (to 38% in men and 51% in women) and obesity (to 11% in men and 23% in women) prevalence. Post-tx comparisons between men and women showed that women had higher (women versus men; P < 0.05) BMI values (26.7 ± 0.8 versus 24.7 ± 0.5 kg/m(2)), weight gain during first year post-tx (9.2 ± 1.1 versus 5.5 ± 1 kg), abdominal obesity (57% versus 23%) and diabetes (34% versus 16%) prevalence. The associations between adiposity and CVD risk factors showed that pre-tx overweight increased the risk for diabetes in post-tx; pos-tx high BMI and abdominal obesity increased the risk for metabolic syndrome; abdominal obesity increased the risk for dyslipidemia in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High body adiposity prevalence was high after transplantation and increased the risk for metabolic syndrome, an important CVD risk factor. Women showed higher total body adiposity values, abdominal obesity, and diabetes prevalence than men. Abdominal obesity increased the risk for dyslipidemia in women.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julia Freitas Rodrigues
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Priscila Mansur
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Suzimar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rioja
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bregman
authors.forename: Antonio Felipe
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Sanjuliani
authors.forename: Maria Inês
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Barreto Silva
authors.forename: Márcia Regina Simas Gonçalves
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Torres
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D050154:Adiposity; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference; D015430:Weight Gain
keywords: Abdominal adiposity; Cardiovascular disease risk factors; Obesity; Overweight; Renal transplantation