title: The effects of carbon dioxide and temperature on microRNA expression in Arabidopsis development.
abstract: Elevated levels of CO2 and temperature can both affect plant growth and development, but the signalling pathways regulating these processes are still obscure. MicroRNAs function to silence gene expression, and environmental stresses can alter their expressions. Here we identify, using the small RNA-sequencing method, microRNAs that change significantly in expression by either doubling the atmospheric CO2 concentration or by increasing temperature 3-6 °C. Notably, nearly all CO2-influenced microRNAs are affected inversely by elevated temperature. Using the RNA-sequencing method, we determine strongly correlated expression changes between miR156/157 and miR172, and their target transcription factors under elevated CO2 concentration. Similar correlations are also found for microRNAs acting in auxin-signalling, stress responses and potential cell wall carbohydrate synthesis. Our results demonstrate that both CO2 and temperature alter microRNA expression to affect Arabidopsis growth and development, and miR156/157- and miR172-regulated transcriptional network might underlie the onset of early flowering induced by increasing CO2.
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics Core, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 7 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, Esch sur-Alzette L-4362, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Will
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Yijin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shuai
authors.forename: W Richard
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: McCombie
authors.forename: Michael Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qiong A
authors.initials: QA
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018533:Biomass; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D035264:Flowers / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D063245:Plant Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002245:Carbon Dioxide