title: Elimination of femoral rotation in clinical testing for varus/valgus laxity of the knee.
abstract: Clinical testing of varus/valgus laxity of the knee joint has been shown to have a large interobserver variation. Part of the reason for this is the tendency for the femur to rotate during the performance of classical testing, leading to misinterpretation of the degree of joint opening. A simple adjustment in the examination technique is described which eliminates this problem, and the biomechanical principles responsible for its efficacy are outlined.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bollen