title: Importance of manually entering blood glucose readings when wireless-compatible meters are not being used with an insulin pump.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective was to determine if there were differences in blood glucose monitoring (BGM) data downloaded from insulin pumps of patients who use meters that wirelessly transmit data to their insulin pumps (i.e., wireless group) and those who do not (i.e., nonwireless group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood glucose monitoring data were downloaded from the meters and insulin pumps of 47 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Independent and paired t tests compared BGM data downloaded from meters and BGM data downloaded from insulin pumps.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences in BGM data downloaded from the insulin pumps of patients using wireless meters compared to those using nonwireless meters. Wireless patients appeared to engage in more BGM, had more low and in-range BG readings and fewer very high BG readingss than nonwireless patients. However, a comparison of BGM data downloaded from meters and insulin pumps of nonwireless patients indicated that their insulin pump data significantly underestimated the number of BGM readings conducted, as well as the number of low and in-range readings, while overestimating the number of very high BGM readings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because patients who use nonwireless-compatible meters do not manually enter their low and in-range BGM readings into the insulin pump, BGM data downloaded only from pumps may provide an incomplete representation of BGM frequency or results. It is recommended that patients use meters that directly communicate with pumps or perform bolus calculations. Patients should be educated about the importance of manually entering all BGM readings if they do not use a wireless-compatible meter with their insulin pump.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Humanities and Social Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA. kimberly.driscoll@med.fsu.edu
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Driscoll
authors.forename: Suzanne Bennett
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Yuxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Elizabeth C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Adela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Larry C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Deeb
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D003195:Computer Communication Networks; D003625:Data Collection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D008297:Male; D063731:Mobile Applications; D059015:Wireless Technology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
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