title: Impaired prefrontal sleep spindle regulation of hippocampal-dependent learning in older adults.
abstract: A hallmark feature of cognitive aging is a decline in the ability to form new memories. Parallel to these cognitive impairments are marked disruptions in sleep physiology. Despite recent evidence in young adults establishing a role for sleep spindles in restoring hippocampal-dependent memory formation, the possibility that disrupted sleep physiology contributes to age-related decline in hippocampal-dependent learning remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that reduced prefrontal sleep spindles by over 40% in older adults statistically mediates the effects of old age on next day episodic learning, such that the degree of impaired episodic learning is explained by the extent of impoverished prefrontal sleep spindles. In addition, prefrontal spindles significantly predicted the magnitude of impaired next day hippocampal activation, thereby determining the influence of spindles on post-sleep learning capacity. These data support the hypothesis that disrupted sleep physiology contributes to age-related cognitive decline in later life, the consequence of which has significant treatment intervention potential.
authors.affiliation: Sleep and Neuroimaging Laboratory.
authors.forename: Bryce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Mander
authors.affiliation: Sleep and Neuroimaging Laboratory.
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
authors.forename: Brandon
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Sleep and Neuroimaging Laboratory.
authors.forename: Jared M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Saletin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ancoli-Israel
authors.affiliation: Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Jagust
authors.affiliation: Sleep and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: aging; fMRI; hippocampus; learning; sleep
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