title: Names of fungal species with the same epithet applied to different morphs: how to treat them.
abstract: The abolition of the separate naming of different morphs of the same fungal species in 2011 will inevitably result in many name changes in some genera. The working practices commended here are intended to minimize one category of these changes, that which can arise as a consequence of an author using the epithet of an asexual morph when describing the sexual morph of the same species. We consider that name proposed for the sexual morph in such cases should be treated as a formal error for a new combination and not as a new species, and so be corrected. This is interpreted as applying even where the author indicated that a new species was being described and designated a type. We argue that those formalities were a result of the requirements of the rules then in force, as the author recognized that a morph of a named species was being described, and not a new hitherto unnamed species was being reported - but was barred from making a new combination so used the same epithet for the new morph name instead. Where a type with the sexual morph was designated for the sexual morph, under this interpretation that no longer has nomenclatural status, the type being that of the basionym. The material for the sexual morph indicated as a type, would be available for designation as an epitype, though a modern sequenced sample with both sexual and asexual morphs would be more informative as an epitype in many cases. A proposal to regularize the working practice commended here, and also the converse situation where the sexual morph typified name is the earlier, will be made to the 2017 Shenzhen Congress.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, Madrid 28040, Spain; Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; Department of Biology and Chemistry, Birkbeck University of London, Malet Street, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HX, UK.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hawksworth
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McNeill
authors.forename: Z Wilhelm
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: de Beer
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wingfield
keywords: Anamorph; Article 59; Epitype; New combinations; Pleomorphic fungi; Teleomorph; Typification
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