title: Girls' education and HIV risk: evidence from Uganda.
abstract: Uganda is widely viewed as a public health success for curtailing its HIV/AIDS epidemic in the early 1990s. The period of rapid HIV decline coincided with a dramatic rise in girls' secondary school enrollment. We instrument for this enrollment with distance to school, conditional on a rich set of demographic and locational controls, including distance to market center. We find that girls' enrollment in secondary education significantly increased the likelihood of abstaining from sex. Using a triple-difference estimator, we find that some of the schooling increase among young women was in response to a 1990 affirmative action policy giving women an advantage over men on University applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics, Harvard University, 1805 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, MA 01238, USA. Electronic address: malsan@fas.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Marcella M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Alsan
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Cutler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Education policy; Gender; HIV/AIDS; I15; O12
references.citation: Int Fam Plan Perspect. 2007 Jun;33(2):83-4
references.pmid: 17588852
references.citation: Demography. 2008 May;45(2):303-22
references.pmid: 18613483
references.citation: Int Fam Plan Perspect. 2005 Mar;31(1):6-14
references.pmid: 15888404
references.citation: Am Econ Rev. 2015 Sep;105(9):2757-97
references.pmid: 26523067
references.citation: Am Econ Rev. 2012 Jun;102(4):1206-1240
references.pmid: 25197099
references.citation: AIDS. 1989 Aug;3(8):513-8
references.pmid: 2508712
references.citation: AIDS Behav. 2006 Jul;10(4):335-46; discussion 347-50
references.pmid: 16688475
references.citation: Sex Transm Infect. 2007 Aug;83 Suppl 1:i50-54
references.pmid: 17314125
references.citation: Trop Med Int Health. 2002 Jun;7(6):489-98
references.pmid: 12031070