title: Effect of doping in carbon nanotubes on the viability of biomimetic chitosan-carbon nanotubes-hydroxyapatite scaffolds.
abstract: This work describes the preparation and characterization of biomimetic chitosan/multiwall carbon nanotubes/nano-hydroxyapatite (CTS/MWCNT/nHAp) scaffolds and their viability for bone tissue engineering applications. The cryogenic process ice segregation-induced self-assembly (ISISA) was used to fabricate 3D biomimetic CTS scaffolds. Proper combination of cryogenics, freeze-drying, nature and molecular ratio of solutes give rise to 3D porous interconnected scaffolds with clusters of nHAp distributed along the scaffold surface. The effect of doping in CNT (e.g. with oxygen and nitrogen atoms) on cell viability was tested. Under the same processing conditions, pore size was in the range of 20-150 μm and irrespective on the type of CNT. Studies on cell viability with scaffolds were carried out using human cells from periosteum biopsy. Prior to cell seeding, the immunophenotype of mesenchymal periosteum or periosteum-derived stem cells (MSCs-PCs) was characterized by flow cytometric analysis using fluorescence-activated and characteristic cell surface markers for MSCs-PCs. The characterized MSCs-PCs maintained their periosteal potential in cell cultures until the 2nd passage from primary cell culture. Thus, the biomimetic CTS/MWCNT/nHAp scaffolds demonstrated good biocompatibility and cell viability in all cases such that it can be considered as promising biomaterials for bone tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Polymer & Biopolymer Research Group, Cinvestav Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente no. 2000, Querétaro, QRO 76230, MEXICO.
authors.forename: Abril
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fonseca-García
authors.forename: Josué D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mota-Morales
authors.forename: Iraís A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Quintero-Ortega
authors.forename: Zaira Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: García-Carvajal
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martínez-López
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruvalcaba
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Landa-Solís
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Solis
authors.forename: Clemente
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ibarra
authors.forename: María C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terrones
authors.forename: Isaac C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: del Monte
authors.forename: María C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Velasquillo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luna-Bárcenas
mesh_terms: D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007223:Infant; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010521:Periosteum / Q000166:cytology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D048271:Chitosan; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: carbon nanotubes; chitosan; hydroxyapatite; scaffold; tissue engineering