title: An isolation technique to prevent the spread of tumor cells during radical gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma located on the anterior wall of the gastric antrum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report an isolation technique for reducing the spread of tumor cells during radical gastrectomy for lesions located on the anterior wall of the gastric antrum.
  
  
  METHODS
  The isolation technique involves using linear cutting staplers and a waterproof membrane to completely "block" and isolate the area to be resected. Blood samples from the portal vein and peritoneal wash samples were obtained immediately after laparotomy and during surgical resection. RT-PCR was used to determine levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20). Carbon nanoparticles were injected into the subserosa of the blocked region before resection to determine lymph flow out of the region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 76 patients (median age, 59 years; range, 22-73 years), with tumors on the anterior wall of the gastric antrum were included (blocking group, n = 40; non-blocking group, n = 36). In the blocking group, the carbon nanoparticles did not flow beyond the blocking line. There were no significant differences between the groups in CEA or CK20 mRNA levels in portal vein blood or peritoneal wash fluid immediately after laparotomy. CEA and CK20 levels were significantly lower in portal vein blood in the blocking group during tumor resection. During a median follow-up of 30 months, the incidence of metastasis or recurrence in the blocking group was lower than the non-blocking group, although it did not reach statistical significance (17.9% vs. 25.0%, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The blocking technique can reduce hematogenous and lymphatic spread of tumor cells into the systemic circulation, and may prevent metastasis or recurrence after radical gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, HuaShan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 12 Urumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002244:Carbon / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D053554:Keratin-20 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009366:Neoplasm Seeding; D010533:Peritoneal Lavage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011706:Pyloric Antrum / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D013528:Surgical Staplers; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D053554:Keratin-20; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D002244:Carbon
keywords: Complete block technique; Gastric cancer on anterior wall of antrum; Intraoperative metastases; Radical gastrectomy