title: Oral health status and the occurrence and clinical course of myocardial infarction in hospital phase: a case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Periodontitis may contribute to destabilization of atherosclerotic plaque leading to acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of the paper was to evaluate the state of the oral cavity and test the association between chosen parameters of acute, hospital phase MI in patients aged 60 and younger.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined patients with acute MI, age 60. Control group consisted of matched group of patients with stable angina. Patients enrolled in the study underwent dental, cardiovascular and biochemical examination. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured during echocardiographic examination, intima-media thickness (IMT) was assessed by ultrasonographic examination at the same time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The case group included 112 hospital patients with acute MI. Patients with acute MI were characterized by higher level of cardiovascular disease risk factors and poor oral health status in comparison to the control group. There was higher prevalence of edentulousness (p = 0.0039) and advanced periodontal disease (APD) (p < 0.0001) in the case group than in the control group. Patients with edentulousness and APD were characterized by the highest levels of fi brinogen, interleukine-6, tumor necrosis factor-a, increased IMT and numerous atherosclerotic plaques. Logistic regression analysis revealed association between biomarkers of myocardial injury, LVEF and chosen periodontal parameter (API, CAL, PDI, BI) and edentulousness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor oral health status, especially periodontal disease may infl uence on the occurrence and clinical course of MI.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland. bw.kaplon@poczta.onet.pl.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wożakowska-Kapłon
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Włosowicz
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gorczyca-Michta
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Górska
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006304:Health Status; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009066:Mouth, Edentulous / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009909:Oral Health; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D010512:Periodontal Index; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005340:Fibrinogen