title: Radiative decay engineering 6: fluorescence on one-dimensional photonic crystals.
abstract: During the past decade the interactions of fluorophores with metallic particles and surfaces has become an active area of research. These near-field interactions of fluorophores with surface plasmons have resulted in increased brightness and directional emission. However, using metals has some disadvantages such as quenching at short fluorophore-metal distances and increased rates of energy dissipation due to lossy metals. These unfavorable effects are not expected in dielectrics. In this article, we describe the interactions of fluorophores with one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystals (PCs), which have alternating layers of dielectrics with dimensions that create a photonic band gap (PBG). Freely propagating light at the PBG wavelength will be reflected. However, similar to metals, we show that fluorophores within near-field distances of the 1DPC interacts with the structure. Our results demonstrate that these fluorophores can interact with both internal modes and Bloch surface waves (BSWs) of the 1DPC. For fluorophores on the surface of the 1DPC, the emission dominantly occurs through the 1DPC and into the substrate. We refer to these two phenomena together as Bragg grating-coupled emission (BGCE). Here we describe our preliminary results on BGCE. 1DPCs are simple to fabricate and can be handled and reused without damage. We believe that BGCE provides opportunities for new formats for fluorescence detection and sensing.
authors.affiliation: Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Ramachandram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Badugu
authors.forename: Kazimierz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nowaczyk
authors.forename: Emiliano
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Descrovi
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lakowicz
mesh_terms: D005453:Fluorescence; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D009354:Neodymium / Q000737:chemistry*; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D017785:Photons; D013499:Surface Properties; D014639:Vanadium / Q000737:chemistry*; D015019:Yttrium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D014639:Vanadium; D009354:Neodymium; D015019:Yttrium; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Bragg grating-coupled emission; Near-field interactions; One-dimensional photonic crystals; Photonic band gap; Radiative decay engineering; Surface plasmon-coupled emission
references.citation: Opt Express. 2008 Aug 4;16(16):11741-9
references.pmid: 18679444
references.citation: Nature. 1997 Oct 23;389(6653):829-32
references.pmid: 9349814
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2009 Sep 1;81(17):7248-55
references.pmid: 19715357
references.citation: Hum Mol Genet. 2010 Oct 15;19(R2):R227-40
references.pmid: 20858600
references.citation: Nanomedicine (Lond). 2006 Aug;1(2):219-28
references.pmid: 17716111
references.citation: Biophys J. 2011 Apr 6;100(7):L34-6
references.pmid: 21463570
references.citation: Opt Lett. 2005 Dec 1;30(23):3210-2
references.pmid: 16342723
references.citation: Phys Rev B Condens Matter. 1991 Nov 15;44(19):10961-10964
references.pmid: 9999136
references.citation: Opt Express. 2009 Jul 20;17(15):13222-35
references.pmid: 19654728
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 2004 Jan 15;324(2):170-82
references.pmid: 14690680
references.citation: Langmuir. 2012 Jan 10;28(1):883-8
references.pmid: 22067013
references.citation: Langmuir. 2012 Jul 10;28(27):10152-63
references.pmid: 22568517
references.citation: Opt Express. 2007 Oct 17;15(21):14266-74
references.pmid: 19550702
references.citation: Opt Express. 2004 Nov 15;12(23):5661-74
references.pmid: 19488201
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Jan 16;102(2):023902
references.pmid: 19257275
references.citation: J Phys Chem Lett. 2013;4(1):227-232
references.pmid: 24013521
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2009 Oct;9(10):3447-52
references.pmid: 19739648
references.citation: J Phys Chem B. 2004 Aug 12;108(32):12073-12083
references.pmid: 27340372
references.citation: Appl Phys Lett. 2007 Mar;91(10):nihpa132475
references.pmid: 19696912
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 1987 Jun 8;58(23):2486-2489
references.pmid: 10034761
references.citation: Opt Express. 2010 Apr 12;18(8):8087-93
references.pmid: 20588653
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2010 Jun 9;10(6):2087-91
references.pmid: 20446750
references.citation: Opt Lett. 2008 Aug 1;33(15):1729-31
references.pmid: 18670518
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 1987 May 18;58(20):2059-2062
references.pmid: 10034639
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 2002 Feb 15;301(2):261-77
references.pmid: 11814297
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2007 Aug;2(8):515-20
references.pmid: 18654350
references.citation: Biomed Opt Express. 2012 Oct 1;3(10):2405-10
references.pmid: 23082282
references.citation: Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2009 Apr 14;11(14):2525-31
references.pmid: 19325987
references.citation: Opt Lett. 2013 Mar 1;38(5):616-8
references.pmid: 23455242
references.citation: Opt Express. 2008 Apr 14;16(8):5453-64
references.pmid: 18542648
references.citation: Analyst. 2008 Oct;133(10):1308-46
references.pmid: 18810279
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2007 Sep 1;79(17):6480-7
references.pmid: 17685553
references.citation: Opt Express. 2010 Feb 15;18(4):3693-9
references.pmid: 20389379
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 2001 Nov 1;298(1):1-24
references.pmid: 11673890
references.citation: Sensors (Basel). 2013 Feb 05;13(2):2011-22
references.pmid: 23385414
references.citation: Opt Lett. 2012 Nov 1;37(21):4398-400
references.pmid: 23114308
references.citation: Chem Phys Lett. 2012 Oct 1;548:45-50
references.pmid: 23002289
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2012 May 15;84(10):4489-95
references.pmid: 22519422
references.citation: Opt Express. 2008 Dec 22;16(26):21626-40
references.pmid: 19104594
references.citation: Nature. 2004 Aug 5;430(7000):654-7
references.pmid: 15295594
references.citation: Annu Rev Anal Chem (Palo Alto Calif). 2012;5:317-36
references.pmid: 22524220
references.citation: J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces. 2010 Apr 29;114(16):7236-7241
references.pmid: 20556227
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Nov 4;107(19):193903
references.pmid: 22181609
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2008 May 9;100(18):187401
references.pmid: 18518415
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2008 Oct;8(10):3386-93
references.pmid: 18788826
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2011 Feb 15;83(4):1425-30
references.pmid: 21250635
references.citation: Chem Commun (Camb). 2012 Oct 9;48(78):9726-8
references.pmid: 22914646
references.citation: J Biomed Opt. 2011 Jan-Feb;16(1):016011
references.pmid: 21280917
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 2005 Feb 15;337(2):171-94
references.pmid: 15691498
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 2004 Jan 15;324(2):153-69
references.pmid: 14690679
references.citation: Opt Lett. 2012 Jul 1;37(13):2640-2
references.pmid: 22743480
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2003 May 15;75(10):2316-23
references.pmid: 12918972