Agricultural workers and urinary bladder cancer risk in Egypt.
The authors examined the associations between farming and the risk for squamous cell (SCC) or urothelial cell (UC) carcinoma of the urinary bladder among Egyptians. The authors used data from a multicenter case-control study (1,525 male and 315 female cases, and 2,069 male and 547 female age- and residence-matched, population-based controls) to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Men in farming and who never smoked had increased risk for either SCC or UC (AOR [95% CI]: 4.65 [2.59-8.36] and 6.22 [3.82-10.15], respectively). If they ever smoked, their risks were 2.27 (1.75-2.95) and 1.93 (1.58-2.35), respectively. Women in farmer households were at increased risk for SCC (1.40 [0.93-2.09] and UC [1.25 (0.82-1.89]), although not statistically significant. Occupational and environmental exposures to farming increased the risk for bladder cancer among Egyptians.
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. samr@epi.umaryland.edu
Sania
S
Amr
Rebecca
R
Dawson
Doa'a A
DA
Saleh
Laurence S
LS
Magder
Nabiel N
NN
Mikhail
Diane Marie
DM
St George
Katherine
K
Squibb
Hussein
H
Khaled
Christopher A
CA
Loffredo
D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology