Aetiologies of central nervous system infections in adults in Kathmandu, Nepal: a prospective hospital-based study.
We conducted a prospective hospital based study from February 2009-April 2011 to identify the possible pathogens of central nervous system (CNS) infections in adults admitted to a tertiary referral hospital (Patan Hospital) in Kathmandu, Nepal. The pathogens of CNS infections were confirmed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using molecular diagnostics, culture (bacteria) and serology. 87 patients were recruited for the study and the etiological diagnosis was established in 38% (n = 33). The bacterial pathogens identified were Neisseria meningitidis (n = 6); Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 5) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 2) in 13/87(14%). Enteroviruses were found in 12/87 (13%); Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) in 2/87(2%). IgM against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was detected in the CSF of 11/73 (15%) tested samples. This is the first prospective molecular and serology based CSF analysis in adults with CNS infections in Kathmandu, Nepal. JEV and enteroviruses were the most commonly detected pathogens in this setting.
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit- Patan Hospital, Nepal.
Abhishek
A
Giri
Amit
A
Arjyal
Samir
S
Koirala
Abhilasha
A
Karkey
Sabina
S
Dongol
Sudeep Dhoj
SD
Thapa
Olita
O
Shilpakar
Rishav
R
Shrestha
Le
L
van Tan
Bkrong Nguyen
BN
Thi Thuy Chinh
Radheshyam
R
Krishna K C
Kamal Raj
KR
Pathak
Mila
M
Shakya
Jeremy
J
Farrar
H Rogier
HR
Van Doorn
Buddha
B
Basnyat
D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors