Antibody and T cell responses induced in chickens immunized with avian influenza virus N1 and NP DNA vaccine with chicken IL-15 and IL-18.
We had examined the immunogenicity of a series of plasmid DNAs which include neuraminidase (NA) and nucleoprotein (NP) genes from avian influenza virus (AIV). The interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as genetic adjuvants were used for immunization in combination with the N1 and NP AIV genes. In the first trial, 8 groups of chickens were established with 10 specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens per group while, in the second trial 7 SPF chickens per group were used. The overall N1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) titer in chickens immunized with the pDis/N1+pDis/IL-15 was higher compared to the chickens immunized with the pDis/N1 and this suggesting that chicken IL-15 could play a role in enhancing the humoral immune response. Besides that, the chickens that were immunized at 14-day-old (Trial 2) showed a higher N1 antibody titer compared to the chickens that were immunized at 1-day-old (Trial 1). Despite the delayed in NP antibody responses, the chickens co-administrated with IL-15 were able to induce earlier and higher antibody response compared to the pDis/NP and pDis/NP+pDis/IL-18 inoculated groups. The pDis/N1+pDis/IL-15 inoculated chickens also induced higher CD8+ T cells increase than the pDis/N1 group in both trials (P<0.05). The flow cytometry results from both trials demonstrated that the pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 groups were able to induce CD4+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 group was able to induce CD8+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05) in Trial 2 only. In the present study, pDis/NP was not significant (P>0.05) in inducing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when co-administered with the pDis/IL-18 in both trials in comparison to the pDis/NP. Our data suggest that the pDis/N1+pDis/IL-15 combination has the potential to be used as a DNA vaccine against AIV in chickens.
Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Kian-Lam
KL
Lim
Seyed Davoud
SD
Jazayeri
Swee Keong
SK
Yeap
Noorjahan Banu
NB
Mohamed Alitheen
Mohd Hair
MH
Bejo
Aini
A
Ideris
Abdul Rahman
AR
Omar
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000662:veterinary; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / Q000662:veterinary; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D019409:Interleukin-15 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014709:Vero Cells / Q000821:virology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D019409:Interleukin-15; D020382:Interleukin-18; D019444:Vaccines, DNA
Avian influenza virus; CD4+ T cells; CD8+ T cells; DNA vaccine; IL-15; IL-18; N1; NP