Brain white matter tract integrity and cognitive abilities in community-dwelling older people: the Lothian Birth Cohort, 1936.
OBJECTIVE
The present study investigates associations between brain white matter tract integrity and cognitive abilities in community-dwelling older people (N = 655). We explored two potential confounds of white matter tract-cognition associations in later life: (a) whether the associations between tracts and specific cognitive abilities are accounted for by general cognitive ability (g); and (b) how the presence of atrophy and white matter lesions affect these associations.


METHODS
Tract integrity was determined using quantitative diffusion magnetic resonance imaging tractography (tract-averaged fractional anisotropy [FA]). Using confirmatory factor analysis, we compared first-order and bifactor models to investigate whether specific tract-ability associations were accounted for by g.


RESULTS
Significant associations were found between g and FA in bilateral anterior thalamic radiations (r range: .16-.18, p < .01), uncinate (r range: .19-.26, p < .001), arcuate fasciculi (r range: .11-.12, p < .05), and the splenium of corpus callosum (r = .14, p < .01). After controlling for g within the bifactor model, some significant specific cognitive domain associations remained. Results also suggest that the primary effects of controlling for whole brain integrity were on g associations, not specific abilities.


CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that g accounts for most of, but not all, the tract-cognition associations in the current data. When controlling for age-related overall brain structural changes, only minor attenuations of the tract-cognition associations were found, and these were primarily with g. In totality, the results highlight the importance of controlling for g when investigating associations between specific cognitive abilities and neuropsychology variables.
Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh.
Tom
T
Booth
Mark E
ME
Bastin
Lars
L
Penke
Susana Muñoz
SM
Maniega
Catherine
C
Murray
Natalie A
NA
Royle
Alan J
AJ
Gow
Janie
J
Corley
Ross D
RD
Henderson
Maria Del C Valdés
Mdel C
Hernández
John M
JM
Starr
Joanna M
JM
Wardlaw
Ian J
IJ
Deary
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D006801:Humans; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000473:pathology; D012606:Scotland