Storage stability of a commercial hen egg yolk powder in dry and intermediate-moisture food matrices.
Quality loss in intermediate-moisture foods (IMF) such as high-protein nutrition bars (HPNB) in the form of hardening, nonenzymatic browning, and free amino group loss is a general concern for the manufacturers. To measure the extent of quality loss over time in terms of these negative attributes, through changing the ratio by weight between two commercial spray-dried hen egg powders, egg white (DEW) and egg yolk (DEY), the storage stability of 10 IMF systems (water activity (aw) ∼ 0.6) containing 5% glycerol, 10% shortening, 35% protein, and 50% sweetener (either maltitol or 50% high-fructose corn syrup/50% corn syrup (HFCS/CS)) were studied. Additionally, the storage stability of the DEY powder itself was investigated. Overall, during storage at different temperatures (23, 35, and 45 °C), the storage stability of DEY in dry and IMF matrices was mainly controlled by the coaction of three chemical reactions (disulfide bond interaction, Maillard reaction, and lipid oxidation). The results showed that by replacing 25% of DEW in an IMF model system with DEY, the rate of bar hardening was significantly lower than that of the models with only DEW at all temperatures due to the softening effect of the fat in DEY. Furthermore, the use of maltitol instead of HFCS/CS in all bar systems not only resulted in decreased hardness but also drastically decreased the change in the total color difference (ΔE*). Interestingly, there was no significant loss of free amino groups in the maltitol systems at any DEW/DEY ratio.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota , 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States.
Qinchun
Q
Rao
Mary Catherine
MC
Fisher
Mufan
M
Guo
Theodore P
TP
Labuza
D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D003890:Desiccation / Q000379:methods; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D004355:Drug Stability; D004530:Egg Yolk / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D005519:Food Preservation; D057141:Food, Preserved / Q000032:analysis*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D005990:Glycerol / Q000032:analysis; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000032:analysis; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004220:Disulfides; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D014867:Water; D005947:Glucose; D005990:Glycerol