A new restricted access molecularly imprinted polymer capped with albumin for direct extraction of drugs from biological matrices: the case of chlorpromazine in human plasma.
A new restricted access molecularly imprinted polymer coated with bovine serum albumin (RAMIP-BSA) was developed, characterized, and used for direct analysis of chlorpromazine in human plasma samples. The RAMIP-BSA was synthesized using chlorpromazine, methacrylic acid, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as template, functional monomer, and cross-linker, respectively. Glycerol dimethacrylate and hydroxy methyl methacrylate were used to promote a hydrophilic surface (high density of hydroxyl groups). Afterward, the polymer was coated with BSA using glutaraldehyde as cross-linker, resulting in a protein chemical shield around it. The material was able to eliminate ca. 99% of protein when a 44-mg mL(-1) BSA aqueous solution was passed through it. The RAMIP-BSA was packed in a column and used for direct analysis of chlorpromazine in human plasma samples in an online column switching high-performance liquid chromatography system. The analytical calibration curve was prepared in a pool of human plasma samples with chlorpromazine concentrations ranging from 30 to 350 μg L(-1). The correlation coefficient obtained was 0.995 and the limit of quantification was 30 μg L(-1). Intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy presented variation coefficients and relative errors lower than 15% and within -15 and 15%, respectively. The sample throughput was 3 h(-1) (sample preparation and chromatographic analysis steps) and the same RAMIP-BSA column was efficiently used for about 90 cycles.
Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas-Unifal-MG, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St. 700, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
Gabriel
G
de Oliveira Isac Moraes
Larissa Meirelles Rodrigues
LM
da Silva
Alvaro José
AJ
dos Santos-Neto
Fábio Herbst
FH
Florenzano
Eduardo Costa
EC
Figueiredo
D000418:Albumins / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000097:blood*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D054802:Molecular Imprinting; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine
D000418:Albumins; D011108:Polymers; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D002746:Chlorpromazine