Dual diagnosis screening interview to identify psychiatric comorbidity in substance users: development and validation of a brief instrument.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a brief tool, the Dual Diagnosis Screening Instrument (DDSI), to screen psychiatric disorders in substance users in treatment and nontreatment-seeking samples.


METHODS
A total of 827 substance users (66.5% male, mean age 28.6±9.9 years) recruited in treatment (in- and outpatient) and nontreatment (substance user volunteers in university research studies) settings were assessed by trained interviewers using the DDSI and the Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM) as the criterion standard. Both instruments were administered blind to the results of the other. Disorders obtained with the DDSI were compared to lifetime diagnoses obtained with the PRISM. Sensitivity, specificity, negative, and positive predictive values were estimated. Also test-retest reliability of the DDSI was assessed.


RESULTS
The DDSI showed a high sensitivity (≥80%) for identifying lifetime depression, mania, psychosis, panic, social phobia, and specific phobia disorders. Specificity was ≥82% for those diagnoses. Test-retest κ showed excellent agreement (range 81-95%). The mean duration of the DDSI administration was 16.8±2.5 min.


CONCLUSIONS
The DDSI is a valid and easy-to-administer screening tool to detect possible psychiatric comorbidity among substance users.
Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
Joan Ignasi
JI
Mestre-Pintó
Antònia
A
Domingo-Salvany
Rocío
R
Martín-Santos
Marta
M
Torrens
D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D055030:Drug Users / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult