Systematic review of the epidemiology of urinary incontinence and detrusor overactivity among patients with neurogenic overactive bladder.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence and incidence of neurogenic overactive bladder (nOAB) are poorly defined. This systematic literature review identified nOAB epidemiological data and estimated the incidence and prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and detrusor overactivity (DO) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord injury (SCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), stroke and spina bifida. An initial search of MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane library was supplemented by an internet search for grey literature and manual searching of the bibliographies of retrieved articles. Additional study selection identified comparable studies for statistical analysis. A descriptive statistical analysis, single-arm meta-analysis and stratified analysis were conducted using predefined criteria.


CONCLUSIONS
Initial selection identified 189 articles containing prevalence data. Secondary selection for statistical analysis identified 39 and 52 articles with prevalence of UI and DO, respectively. Random-effect meta-analysis found the prevalence of UI was 50.9% in patients with MS, 52.3% with SCI, 33.1% with PD and 23.6% with stroke. Spina bifida was excluded due to insufficient data. The prevalence of DO may be biased and artificially elevated because it can only be measured with urodynamic investigations.


CONCLUSIONS
A substantial proportion of patients with neurological conditions develop UI that may be attributable to nOAB.
Service Urologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France.
Alain
A
Ruffion
David
D
Castro-Diaz
Hetal
H
Patel
Kristin
K
Khalaf
Ahunna
A
Onyenwenyi
Denise
D
Globe
Corinne
C
Lereun
Mamuka
M
Teneishvili
Meredith
M
Edwards
D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000453:epidemiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*