Vocal economy in vocally trained actresses and untrained female subjects.
OBJECTIVE
Vocally trained actresses are expected to have more vocal economy than nonactresses. Therefore, we hypothesize that there will be differences in the electroglottogram-based voice economy parameter quasi-output cost ratio (QOCR) between actresses and nonactresses. This difference should remain across different levels of intensity.


METHODS
A total of 30 actresses and 30 nonactresses were recruited for this study. Participants from both groups were required to sustain the vowels /a/, /i/, and /u/, in habitual, moderate, and high intensity levels. Acoustic variables such as sound pressure level (SPL), fundamental frequency (F0), and glottal contact quotient (CQ) were obtained. The QOCR was then calculated.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences among the groups for QOCR. Positive correlations were observed for QOCR versus SPL and QOCR versus F0 in all intensity levels. Negative correlation was found between QOCR and CQ in all intensity levels. Considering the differences among intensity levels, from habitual to moderate and from moderate to loud, only the CQ did not differ significantly. The QOCR, SPL, and F0 presented significant differences throughout the different intensity levels.


CONCLUSIONS
The QOCR did not reflect the level of vocal training when comparing trained and nontrained female subjects in the present study. Both groups demonstrated more vocal economy in moderate and high intensity levels owing to more voice output without an increase in glottal adduction.
Department of Performing Arts, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: suely.master@uol.com.br.
Suely
S
Master
Marco
M
Guzman
Jayme
J
Dowdall
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation; D014834:Voice Training; D055815:Young Adult
Actors; Contact quotient; Impact stress; Vocal economy; Vocal loading