Microalgal immobilization methods.
In this review, methods for the most common microalgal immobilization procedures are gathered and described. Passive (due to natural adherence of cells to surfaces) and active immobilization methods should be distinguished. Among active immobilization methods, calcium alginate entrapment is the most widely used method if living cells are intended to be immobilized, due to the chemical, optical, and mechanical characteristics of this substance. Immobilization in synthetic foams, immobilization in agar and carrageenan as well as immobilization in silica-based matrix or filters are also discussed and described. Finally, some considerations on the use of flocculation for microalgae are mentioned.
Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalucia (ICMAN-CSIC), Cádiz, Spain.
Ignacio
I
Moreno-Garrido
D000327:Adsorption; D000362:Agar / Q000737:chemistry; D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000737:chemistry; D018914:Cells, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D005427:Flocculation; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D055767:Immobilized Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D058086:Microalgae / Q000166:cytology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D058428:Silica Gel / Q000737:chemistry
D000464:Alginates; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D055767:Immobilized Proteins; D011108:Polymers; D058428:Silica Gel; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D002351:Carrageenan; D000362:Agar