Changes in sub-cellular localisation of trophoblast and inner cell mass specific transcription factors during bovine preimplantation development.
BACKGROUND
Preimplantation bovine development is emerging as an attractive experimental model, yet little is known about the mechanisms underlying trophoblast (TE)/inner cell mass (ICM) segregation in cattle. To gain an insight into these processes we have studied protein and mRNA distribution during the crucial stages of bovine development. Protein distribution of lineage specific markers OCT4, NANOG, CDX2 were analysed in 5-cell, 8-16 cell, morula and blastocyst stage embryos. ICM/TE mRNA levels were compared in hatched blastocysts and included: OCT4, NANOG, FN-1, KLF4, c-MYC, REX1, CDX2, KRT-18 and GATA6.


RESULTS
At the mRNA level the observed distribution patterns agree with the mouse model. CDX2 and OCT4 proteins were first detected in 5-cell stage embryos. NANOG appeared at the morula stage and was located in the cytoplasm forming characteristic rings around the nuclei. Changes in sub-cellular localisation of OCT4, NANOG and CDX2 were noted from the 8-16 cell onwards. CDX2 initially co-localised with OCT4, but at the blastocyst stage a clear lineage segregation could be observed. Interestingly, we have observed in a small proportion of embryos (2%) that CDX2 immunolabelling overlapped with mitotic chromosomes.


CONCLUSIONS
Cell fate specification in cattle become evident earlier than presently anticipated - around the time of bovine embryonic genome activation. There is an intriguing possibility that for proper lineage determination certain transcription factors (such as CDX2) may need to occupy specific regions of chromatin prior to its activation in the interphase nucleus. Our observation suggests a possible role of CDX2 in the process of epigenetic regulation of embryonic cell fate.
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, Poznan 60-673, Poland. zofia.madeja@jay.up.poznan.pl
Zofia E
ZE
Madeja
Jaroslaw
J
Sosnowski
Kamila
K
Hryniewicz
Ewelina
E
Warzych
Piotr
P
Pawlak
Natalia
N
Rozwadowska
Berenika
B
Plusa
Dorota
D
Lechniak
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001755:Blastocyst; D002417:Cattle; D017931:DNA Primers; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*
D017931:DNA Primers; C000715468:Klf4 protein, mouse; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D014157:Transcription Factors