T cell Receptor Signal Transduction in T lymphocytes.
The T cell receptor (TCR) recognizes self or foreign antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Engagement of the TCR triggers the formation of multi-molecular signalosomes that lead to the generation of second messengers and subsequent activation of multiple distal signaling cascades, such as the Ca+2-calcineurin-NFAT, RasGRP1-Ras-Erk1/2, PKCθ-IKK-NFκB, and TSC1/2-mTOR pathways. These signaling cascades control many aspects of T cell biology. Mechanisms have been evolved to fine-tune TCR signaling to maintain T cell homeostasis and self-tolerance, and to properly mount effective responses to microbial infection. Defects or deregulation of TCR signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases.
Pediatric Biology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, 122016, India.
Balachandra K
BK
Gorentla
Xiao-Ping
XP
Zhong
Diacylglycerol kinase; Mammalian target of rapamycin; T cell activation; T cell anergy; T cell development; T cell receptor; T cell tolerance