Sensitivity of free-living amoeba trophozoites and cysts to water disinfectants.
Free-living amoebae are naturally present in water. These protozoa could be pathogenic and could also shelter pathogenic bacteria. Thus, they are described as a potential hazard for health. Also, free-living amoebae have been described to be resistant to biocides, especially under their cyst resistant form. There are several studies on amoeba treatments but none of them compare sensitivity of trophozoites and cysts from different genus to various water disinfectants. In our study, we tested chlorine, monochloramine and chlorine dioxide on both cysts and trophozoites from three strains, belonging to the three main genera of free-living amoebae. The results show that, comparing cysts to trophozoites inactivation, only the Acanthamoeba cysts were highly more resistant to treatment than trophozoites. Comparison of the disinfectant efficiency led to conclude that chlorine dioxide was the most efficient treatment in our conditions and was particularly efficient against cysts. In conclusion, our results would help to adapt water treatments in order to target free-living amoebae in water networks.
Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, CNRS UMR 7267, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France.
Mathieu
M
Dupuy
Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, CNRS UMR 7285, 1 rue Marcel Doré, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France.
Florence
F
Berne
EDF, Division Recherche et Développement, 6 Quai Watier, 78401 Chatou, France.
Pascaline
P
Herbelin
EDF, Division Recherche et Développement, 6 Quai Watier, 78401 Chatou, France.
Marie
M
Binet
VERI, Veolia Environnement, Chemin de la digue BP76, 78603 Maisons Laffitte Cedex, France.
Nelsie
N
Berthelot
Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, CNRS UMR 7267, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France.
Marie-Hélène
MH
Rodier
EDF, Division Recherche et Développement, 6 Quai Watier, 78401 Chatou, France.
Sylvie
S
Soreau
Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, CNRS UMR 7267, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France. Electronic address: yann.hechard@univ-poitiers.fr.
Yann
Y
Héchard
D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000187:drug effects*; D000656:Amoeba / Q000187:drug effects*; D001419:Bacteria; D002700:Chloramines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002713:Chlorine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017606:Chlorine Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003560:Cysts; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology; D053058:Trophozoites / Q000187:drug effects*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
D002700:Chloramines; D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D004202:Disinfectants; D010087:Oxides; D002713:Chlorine; C025109:chlorine dioxide; C030816:chloramine
Amoeba; Chlorine; Cyst; Disinfectant; Treatment; Water