Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases: biochemistry, physiology and pathology.
The human endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1 and 2 proteins were initially identified as homologues of human placental leucine aminopeptidase/insulin-regulated aminopeptidase. They are categorized as a unique class of proteases based on their subcellular localization on the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum. ERAPs play an important role in the N-terminal processing of the antigenic precursors that are presented on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. ERAPs are also implicated in the regulation of a wide variety of physiological phenomena and pathogenic conditions. In this review, the current knowledge on ERAPs is summarized.
Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ahattori@pharm.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Akira
A
Hattori
Masafumi
M
Tsujimoto
D000626:Aminopeptidases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D010122:Cystinyl Aminopeptidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D000626:Aminopeptidases; C464841:ERAP1 protein, human; C503944:ERAP2 protein, human; D010122:Cystinyl Aminopeptidase; C105964:leucyl-cystinyl aminopeptidase
aminopeptidase; ankylosis spondylitis; antigen presentation; autoimmune diseases; endoplasmic reticulum