Cardiovascular disorders in pregnancy: diagnosis and management.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of complications in pregnancy worldwide and the number of patients who develop cardiac problems during pregnancy is increasing. This review summarises recent literature on the aetiology and the underlying pathophysiology, diagnostic tools, risk stratification and prognosis in women who develop heart failure during pregnancy and in the peri-partum phase as well as in patients with pre-existing cardiomyopathies undergoing pregnancy. We specifically highlight peri-partum cardiomyopathy, valvular disease and Marfan's syndrome. Furthermore, we provide overviews on established treatment concepts and novel therapeutic strategies for these different disease types, stressing the point that pregnancy-associated cardiac disease requires interdisciplinary concepts for diagnosis, management and treatment.
Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Mechthild
M
Westhoff-Bleck
Edith
E
Podewski
Andres
A
Hilfiker
Denise
D
Hilfiker-Kleiner
D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D008382:Marfan Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
Marfan's syndrome; heart failure; hormones; peri-partum cardiomyopathy; valvular disease