Renal Protective Role of Xiexin Decoction with Multiple Active Ingredients Involves Inhibition of Inflammation through Downregulation of the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway in Diabetic Rats.
In Chinese medicine, Xiexin decoction (XXD) has been used for the clinical treatment of diabetes for at least 1700 years. The present study was conducted to investigate the effective ingredients of XXD and their molecular mechanisms of antidiabetic nephropathy in rats. Rats with diabetes induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin were treated with XXD extract for 12 weeks. XXD significantly improved the glucolipid metabolism disorder, attenuated albuminuria and renal pathological changes, reduced renal advanced glycation end-products, inhibited receptor for advanced glycation end-product and inflammation factors expression, suppressed renal nuclear factor- κ B pathway activity, and downregulated renal transforming growth factor- β 1. The concentrations of multiple components in plasma from XXD were determined by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis using partial least square regression revealed that 8 ingredients of XXD were responsible for renal protective effects via actions on multiple molecular targets. Our study suggests that the renal protective role of XXD with multiple effective ingredients involves inhibition of inflammation through downregulation of the nuclear factor- κ B pathway, reducing renal advanced glycation end-products and receptor for advanced glycation end-product in diabetic rats.
Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Jia-Sheng
JS
Wu
Rong
R
Shi
Jie
J
Zhong
Xiong
X
Lu
Bing-Liang
BL
Ma
Tian-Ming
TM
Wang
Bin
B
Zan
Yue-Ming
YM
Ma
Neng-Neng
NN
Cheng
Fu-Rong
FR
Qiu