Evidence of a component Allee effect driven by predispersal seed predation in a plant (Pedicularis rex, Orobanchaceae).
A small or sparse population may suffer a reduction in fitness owing to Allee effects. Here, we explored effects of plant density on pollination, reproduction and predation in the alpine herb Pedicularis rex over two years. We did not detect a significant difference in the pollination rate or fecundity (fruit set and the initial seed set) before predation between sparse and dense patches in either year, indicating no pollination-driven Allee effect. However, dense patches experienced significantly fewer attacks by predispersal seed predators in both years, resulting in a significantly decreased realized fecundity (final seed set), suggesting a component Allee effect driven by predispersal seed predation. Predation-driven Allee effects have been predicted by many models and demonstrated for a range of animals, but there is scant evidence for such effects in plants. Our study provides strong evidence of a component Allee effect driven by predation in a plant species.
Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China. meir_xj@wbgcas.cn
Jing
J
Xia
ShiGuo
S
Sun
GuiHua
G
Liu
D032262:Pedicularis / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology*; D054817:Pollination; D012639:Seeds
Pedicularis rex; component Allee effect; plant density; predispersal seed predation; reproductive success