Update on small intestinal stem cells.
Among somatic stem cells, those residing in the intestine represent a fascinating and poorly explored research field. Particularly, somatic stem cells reside in the small intestine at the level of the crypt base, in a constant balance between self-renewal and differentiation. Aim of the present review is to delve into the mechanisms that regulate the delicate equilibrium through which intestinal stem cells orchestrate intestinal architecture. To this aim, special focus will be addressed to identify the integrating signals from the surrounding niche, supporting a model whereby distinct cell populations facilitate homeostatic vs injury-induced regeneration.
Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00197 Rome, Italy. valentina.tesori@libero.it
Valentina
V
Tesori
Maria Ausiliatrice
MA
Puglisi
Wanda
W
Lattanzi
Giovanni Battista
GB
Gasbarrini
Antonio
A
Gasbarrini
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012038:Regeneration; D015398:Signal Transduction; D055153:Stem Cell Niche; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D015415:Biomarkers
Intestinal regeneration; Intestinal stem cells; Lgr5; Niche; Organoids