Effect of dietary macronutrients on postprandial incretin hormone release and satiety in obese and normal-weight women.
The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of dietary macronutrients on postprandial incretin responses and satiety and hunger sensation in obese and normal-weight women. A total of eleven obese and nine normal-weight women were recruited for the assessment of plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and insulin and the sensation of satiety and hunger using a visual analogue scale before and during a 6 h period after administration of three different macronutrient test meals. The AUCtotal GLP-1 and AUCtotal GIP values were decreased in obese women after the consumption of a fatty meal and all the test meals, respectively. However, the AUCtotal insulin value after a carbohydrate meal was greater in the obese group. The AUCtotal satiety value was decreased only after the intake of the protein meal in obese women when compared with normal-weight women. After the consumption of the fatty meal, a significant positive correlation between maximum satiety sensation and the AUCtotal GLP-1 value in the obese group and that between minimum hunger sensation and the AUCtotal GLP-1 value in the normal-weight group were observed. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest that: (1) satiety sensation after consumption of carbohydrate and protein meals in the obese group is related to the postprandial insulin response, while after consumption of a fatty meal, it is related to the postprandial GLP-1 release; (2) the postprandial GIP response does not influence the sensation of satiety and hunger; (3) the reduced GLP-1 release after the intake of a fatty meal in obese individuals may explain impaired satiety sensation; (4) the impaired postprandial GIP response is not related to the consumption of macronutrients and may be the early indicator of incretin axis dysfunction in obese women.
Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków Street 18, Katowice 40-752, Poland.
Tomasz
T
Wikarek
Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Jerzy
J
Chudek
Division of Statistics, Department of Instrumental Analysis, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland.
Aleksander
A
Owczarek
Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków Street 18, Katowice 40-752, Poland.
Magdalena
M
Olszanecka-Glinianowicz
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D054795:Incretins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
D054795:Incretins