Comprehensive transcriptome profiling and functional analysis of the frog (Bombina maxima) immune system.
Amphibians occupy a key phylogenetic position in vertebrates and evolution of the immune system. But, the resources of its transcriptome or genome are still little now. Bombina maxima possess strong ability to survival in very harsh environment with a more mature immune system. We obtained a comprehensive transcriptome by RNA-sequencing technology. 14.3% of transcripts were identified to be skin-specific genes, most of which were not isolated from skin secretion in previous works or novel non-coding RNAs. 27.9% of transcripts were mapped into 242 predicted KEGG pathways and 6.16% of transcripts related to human disease and cancer. Of 39 448 transcripts with the coding sequence, at least 1501 transcripts (570 genes) related to the immune system process. The molecules of immune signalling pathway were almost presented, several transcripts with high expression in skin and stomach. Experiments showed that lipopolysaccharide or bacteria challenge stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine production and activation of pro-inflammatory caspase-1. These frog's data can remarkably expand the existing genome or transcriptome resources of amphibians, especially immunity data. The entity of the data provides a valuable platform for further investigation on more detailed immune response in B. maxima and a comparative study with other amphibians.
1Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.
Feng
F
Zhao
Chao
C
Yan
Xuan
X
Wang
Yang
Y
Yang
Guangyin
G
Wang
Wenhui
W
Lee
Yang
Y
Xiang
Yun
Y
Zhang
D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D007107:Immune System / Q000502:physiology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D059467:Transcriptome
frog; immune system; non-coding RNAs; tissue-specific genes; transcriptome