Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: clinical relevance and recommendations for future research.
BACKGROUND
There has been increasing interest in the entity of Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) in recent years; however, it still remains a controversial topic and its pathogenesis is not well understood. Celiac Disease, in contrast, is a well-studied condition that has become increasingly recognized as a prevalent condition arising from a heightened immunological response to gluten. Wheat allergy is an IgE-mediated condition capable of causing a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms. However, the number of patients who have neither celiac disease nor wheat allergy, but appear to derive benefit from a gluten-free diet, is also increasing substantially. The use of the term NCGS as a way of describing this condition has become increasingly prevalent in recent years.


OBJECTIVE
In this review, we will focus on gastrointestinal manifestations of NCGS and discuss the evidence for the condition and its putative pathogenesis. We will discuss areas of controversy and areas for potential future research.
Regional GI and Liver Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
P D
PD
Mooney
I
I
Aziz
D S
DS
Sanders
D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005983:Glutens / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D021182:Wheat Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000276:immunology
D005983:Glutens
celiac disease; gluten sensitivity; irritable bowel syndrome; non-celiac gluten sensitivity