Antibacterial activity, surface roughness, flexural strength, and solubility of conventional luting cements containing chlorhexidine diacetate/cetrimide mixtures.
BACKGROUND
The failure of fixed dental restorations is commonly associated with caries. The use of conventional luting cements containing antibacterial agents may overcome this problem.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity (ABA), surface roughness (Ra), flexural strength (FS), and solubility (SL) patterns of the conventional dental luting cements zinc phosphate (ZP), zinc polycarboxylate (PC), and glass ionomer (GIC) after the addition of 5% chlorhexidine diacetate/cetrimide (CHX+CT).


METHODS
Antibacterial agents with a total concentration of 5% (2.5% CHX+2.5% CT) were added to antibacterial agent-free conventional luting cement powders (ZPC, PCC, and GICC) and designated as experimental groups (ZPE, PCE, and GICE). ABA against Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus casei (LB) was examined by using the agar diffusion test method. Ra, FS, and SL values were obtained after storage in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U with Bonferroni correction tests were used to test for agar diffusion (α=.05) and 2-way ANOVA and Fisher Least Significant Difference (LSD) test were used to measure Ra, FS, and SL (α=.05).


RESULTS
The control groups exhibited limited ABA. With the exception of PCE>PCC on day 1 for SM, all experimental groups showed significantly greater and longer-lasting protection against SM and LB bacteria for up to 180 days than their controls (P<.05). Ra values decreased (ZPC>ZPE; P>.05, PCC>PCE; P<.05) except that GICE>GICC (P>.05) when compared with their individual controls. Control groups exhibited higher FS values than did the experimental groups (ZPC>ZPE; P<.05, PCC>PCE; P<.05, GICC>GICE; P>.05). The experimental groups exhibited higher solubilities than did their controls in the ZPC (P>.05) and GICC groups (P<.05) but were lower in PCC group (P<.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Incorporating a 5% CHX+CT mixture into conventional dental luting cements and altering their Ra, FS, and SL values may provide greater antibacterial protection against SM and LB.
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey. fmkorkmaz@hotmail.com
Fatih Mehmet
FM
Korkmaz
Tamer
T
Tüzüner
Ozgul
O
Baygin
Celal Kurtulus
CK
Buruk
Rukiye
R
Durkan
Bora
B
Bagis
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077286:Cetrimonium; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000187:drug effects; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D018583:Pliability; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D015036:Zinc Phosphate Cement / Q000737:chemistry
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; D003738:Dental Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D014867:Water; D008277:Magnesium Oxide; D015036:Zinc Phosphate Cement; C040235:Ketac-cem; D002710:Chlorhexidine; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D000077286:Cetrimonium