Gender differences in worry during medical school.
OBJECTIVE
This research examined worry in medical students at various stages of training with reference to worries related to academic and clinical training, finances and relationships with peers. The study focused on gender differences in worries, testing the notion that being married or being in a long-term or cohabitating relationship with a partner would be linked to increased worry among women, but decreased worry among men. Additional goals included examining the relationship between worry and the seeking of counselling, and investigating the disadvantage for medical students associated with living with parents.


METHODS
Data collected serially on class cohorts at one western US medical school yielded 868 responses from medical students, which were analysed using general linear models, generalised linear models and generalised estimation equations.


RESULTS
Among four types of worry, academic and financial worries were similarly dominant (p < 0.001); financial worries were found to increase over the course of medical training (p < 0.001). Men reported more worry than women (p < 0.001). Gender differences were qualified by marital status (p = 0.007). Being married was linked to higher levels of academic and financial worry among women, whereas for men marriage was linked to lower academic, but higher financial worry (p < 0.001). Living with parents was always associated with a higher level of worry (p < 0.0001). Married male students were more likely to seek counselling than unmarried male students, whereas this pattern was reversed for female students (p = 0.002).


CONCLUSIONS
This study confirms that both academic and financial stress represent the greatest sources of worry in medical students. It also represents the first research to demonstrate higher levels of worry in male than female medical students, which may be evidence of women's increased representation in the medical school population. These data also support the persistence of traditional gender roles in the marriages of medical students; marriage is related to an increased psychological burden in women in comparison with men.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89503, USA. gmiller@medicine.nevada.edu
Grant D
GD
Miller
Markus
M
Kemmelmeier
Peggy
P
Dupey
D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D003376:Counseling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D009505:Nevada / Q000453:epidemiology; D012577:Schools, Medical; D012737:Sex Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology