Listeners' attitudes toward children with voice problems.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the attitudes of school teachers toward children with voice problems in a Chinese population.


METHODS
Three groups of listeners participated in this study: primary school teachers, speech-language pathology students, and general university students. The participants were required to make attitude judgments on 12 voice samples using a semantic differential scale with 22 bipolar adjective pairs. The voice samples were collected from 6 children with healthy voices and 6 children with dysphonia. The 22 bipolar adjective pairs were intended to cover nonspeech characteristics about the child's personality, social characteristics, and physical appearance.


RESULTS
The mean attitude ratings received by children with dysphonic voice were significantly lower (i.e., less favorable) than those received by children with healthy voices in all of the 22 adjective pairs (all ps < .002). The attitude ratings made by the 3 groups of listeners were not significantly different from one another ( ps > .05).


CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this is the first study in which the authors examine listeners' perception toward children with voice problems in the Chinese population. The results suggest that voice problems in children warrant attention, and their effects on the child should not be underestimated. The findings also highlight the importance of early identification and intervention for children with voice problems.
Correspondence to Estella P.-M. Ma: estella.ma@hku.hk.
Estella P-M
EP
Ma
Camille H-Y
CH
Yu
D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology*; D001290:Attitude; D002648:Child; D055154:Dysphonia / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005178:Faculty; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009622:Noise; D010551:Personality; D002666:Psychology, Child; D012660:Semantics; D013060:Speech; D013067:Speech Perception; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D014831:Voice; D055815:Young Adult
listeners' perception; negative stereotype; pediatric voice disorders; personality; physical appearance; social characteristics