Three-dimensional supermacroporous carrageenan-gelatin cryogel matrix for tissue engineering applications.
A tissue-engineered polymeric scaffold should provide suitable macroporous structure similar to that of extracellular matrix which can induce cellular activities and guide tissue regeneration. Cryogelation is a technique in which appropriate monomers or polymeric precursors frozen at sub-zero temperature leads to the formation of supermacroporous cryogel matrices. In this study carrageenan-gelatin (natural polymers) cryogels were synthesized by using glutaraldehyde and 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl] carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC-NHS) as crosslinking agent at optimum concentrations. Matrices showed large and interconnected pores which were in the range of 60-100 μm diameter. Unconfined compression analysis showed elasticity and physical integrity of all cryogels, as these matrices regained their original length after 90% compressing from the original size. Moreover Young's modulus was found to be in the range of 4-11 kPa for the dry cryogel sections. These cryogels also exhibited good in vitro degradation capacity at 37 °C within 4 weeks of incubation. Supermacroporous carrageenan-gelatin cryogels showed efficient cell adherence and proliferation of Cos-7 cells which was examined by SEM. PI nuclear stain was used to observe cell-matrix interaction. Cytotoxicity of the scaffolds was checked by MTT assay which showed that cryogels are biocompatible and act as a potential material for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Goa 403726, India.
Archana
A
Sharma
Sumrita
S
Bhat
Tanushree
T
Vishnoi
Vijayashree
V
Nayak
Ashok
A
Kumar
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D019556:COS Cells; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000737:chemistry*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D059985:Cryogels / Q000737:chemistry; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D059985:Cryogels; D011108:Polymers; D002351:Carrageenan; D005780:Gelatin; D048271:Chitosan