Nanotechnology and pulmonary delivery to overcome resistance in infectious diseases.
Used since ancient times especially for the local treatment of pulmonary diseases, lungs and airways are a versatile target route for the administration of both local and systemic drugs. Despite the existence of different platforms and devices for the pulmonary administration of drugs, only a few formulations are marketed, partly due to physiological and technological limitations. Respiratory infections represent a significant burden to health systems worldwide mainly due to intrahospital infections that more easily affect immune-compromised patients. Moreover, tuberculosis (TB) is an endemic infectious disease in many developing nations and it has resurged in the developed world associated with the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic. Currently, medicine faces the specter of antibiotic resistance. Besides the development of new anti-infectious drugs, the development of innovative and more efficient delivery systems for drugs that went off patent appears as a promising strategy pursued by the pharmaceutical industry to improve the therapeutic outcomes and to prolong the utilities of their intellectual property portfolio. In this context, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems (nano-DDS) emerged as a promising approach to circumvent the limitations of conventional formulations and to treat drug resistance, opening the hypothesis for new developments in this area.
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: fersilandrade@gmail.com.
Fernanda
F
Andrade
Diana
D
Rafael
Mafalda
M
Videira
Domingos
D
Ferreira
Alejandro
A
Sosnik
Bruno
B
Sarmento
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000187:drug effects*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers
AmB; CDs; DDS; DPI; DSPC; Drug resistance; EDTA; GRAS; Inhalation; MAC; MBSA; MDR-TB; MIC; MRSA; Mycobacterium avium–Mycobacterium intracellulare complex; NPs; Nanoparticles; O-SAP; O-palmitoyl mannan; O-palmitoyl pullulan; O-steroyl amylopectin; OPM; OPP; PAM; PC; PC:Chol; PC:Chol:DCP; PC:Chol:P90; PLGA; Respiratory infections; SA-CSO; TB; Tuberculosis; XDR-TB; amphotericin B deoxycholate; cyclodextrins; distearoylphosphatidylcholine; drug delivery systems; dry powder inhalers; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; extensively drug-resistant TB; generally recognized as safe; mPEG–DSPE; maleylated bovine serum albumin; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; minimum inhibitory concentration; multidrug resistant TB; nano-DDS; nanoparticles; nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems; p-aminophenyl-mannopyranoside; pMDI; phosphatidylcholine; phosphatidylcholine:cholesterol; phosphatidylcholine:cholesterol:P90; phosphatidylcholine:cholesterol:dicetylphosphate; poly(ethylene oxide)-b-distearoyl phosphatidyl-ethanolamin; poly(lactide-co-glycolide); pressurized metered-dose inhalers; stearic acid-grafted chitosan oligosaccharide; tuberculosis