Cowpeas in Northern Ghana and the factors that predict caregivers' intention to give them to schoolchildren.
BACKGROUND
Cowpeas are important staple legumes among the rural poor in northern Ghana. Our objectives were to assess the iron and zinc content of cowpea landraces and identify factors that predict the intention of mothers/caregivers to give cowpeas to their schoolchildren.


RESULTS
We performed biochemical analysis on 14 landraces of cowpeas and assessed the opinion of 120 caregiver-child pairs on constructs based on the combined model of the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Health Belief Model. We used correlations and multiple regressions to measure simple associations between constructs and identify predictive constructs. Cowpea landraces contained iron and zinc in the range of 4.9-8.2 mg/100 g d.w and 2.7-4.1 mg/100 g d.w respectively. The landraces also contained high amounts of phytate (477-1110 mg/100 g d.w) and polyphenol (327-1055 mg/100 g d.w). Intention of mothers was strongly associated (rs = 0.72, P<0.001) with and predicted (β = 0.63, P<0.001) behaviour. The constructs, barriers (β = -0.42, P = 0.001) and attitudes towards behaviour (β = 0.25, P<0.028), significantly predicted intention albeit the predictive ability of the model was weak.


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that some cowpea landraces from northern Ghana have appreciable amounts of iron and zinc but probably with poor bioavailability. Attitudes towards giving cowpeas and perception of barriers are important predictors of caregivers' intention to give cowpeas to their schoolchildren. Finally our results suggest that increasing knowledge on nutritional benefits of cowpeas may increase health values caregivers hold for their children in support of giving cowpeas to schoolchildren.
Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. abizaria@yahoo.com
Abdul-Razak
AR
Abizari
Nerisa
N
Pilime
Margaret
M
Armar-Klemesu
Inge D
ID
Brouwer
D000328:Adult; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005869:Ghana; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry
D059808:Polyphenols; D010833:Phytic Acid; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc