Comparative effect of Piper betle, Chlorella vulgaris and tocotrienol-rich fraction on antioxidant enzymes activity in cellular ageing of human diploid fibroblasts.
BACKGROUND
Human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) undergo a limited number of cellular divisions in culture and progressively reach a state of irreversible growth arrest, a process termed cellular ageing. Even though beneficial effects of Piper betle, Chlorella vulgaris and tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) have been reported, ongoing studies in relation to ageing is of interest to determine possible protective effects that may reverse the effect of ageing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of P. betle, C. vulgaris and TRF in preventing cellular ageing of HDFs by determining the activity of antioxidant enzymes viz.; catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase.


METHODS
Different passages of HDFs were treated with P. betle, C. vulgaris and TRF for 24 h prior to enzymes activity determination. Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA β-gal) expression was assayed to validate cellular ageing.


RESULTS
In cellular ageing of HDFs, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were reduced, but SOD activity was heightened during pre-senescence. P. betle exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity by reducing SA β-gal expression, catalase activities in all age groups, and SOD activity. TRF exhibited a strong antioxidant activity by reducing SA β-gal expression, and SOD activity in senescent HDFs. C. vulgaris extract managed to reduce SOD activity in senescent HDFs.


CONCLUSIONS
P. betle, C. vulgaris, and TRF have the potential as anti-ageing entities which compensated the role of antioxidant enzymes in cellular ageing of HDFs.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia. suzanamakpol@yahoo.com.
Suzana
S
Makpol
Thong Wei
TW
Yeoh
Farah Adilah Che
FA
Ruslam
Khaizurin Tajul
KT
Arifin
Yasmin Anum Mohd
YA
Yusof
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D002648:Child; D048408:Chlorella vulgaris / Q000737:chemistry*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D031721:Piper betle / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D024508:Tocotrienols; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001616:beta-Galactosidase