Lanthanum-induced neurotoxicity: solving the riddle of its involvement in cognitive impairment?
The conclusion of a series of recent reports highlights the significant neurotoxic effects that rare earth elements, such as lanthanum (La), can have during neurodevelopment. These findings are, herein, combined and presented using a simplified schematic overview that provides a putative solution to the riddle of La-induced cognitive impairment. Our commentary also highlights potential targets for further investigations into the mechanisms which underpin La-induced neurotoxicity, with a focus on the crucial role of the hippocampus. Within this context, a central role for the cyclic-adenosine monophosphate signalling pathway is proposed.
Gardiner Laboratory (535), Wolfson Link Building, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Box 318, 111 West George Str., Glasgow, G2-1QX, Scotland, UK. a.zarros.1@research.gla.ac.uk.|Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. a.zarros.1@research.gla.ac.uk.
Apostolos
A
Zarros
Gardiner Laboratory (535), Wolfson Link Building, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Box 318, 111 West George Str., Glasgow, G2-1QX, Scotland, UK.
Ashleigh-Maria
AM
Byrne
Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Stephanie D
SD
Boomkamp
Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Stylianos
S
Tsakiris
Gardiner Laboratory (535), Wolfson Link Building, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Box 318, 111 West George Str., Glasgow, G2-1QX, Scotland, UK.
George S
GS
Baillie
D000818:Animals; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000633:toxicity*; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*
D016328:NF-kappa B; D007811:Lanthanum