Platelet rich plasma enhances osteoconductive properties of a hydroxyapatite-β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold (Skelite) for late healing of critical size rabbit calvarial defects.
The use of platelet rich plasma (PRP) in bone repair remains highly controversial. In this work, we evaluated the effect of lyophilized PRP on bone regeneration when associated with a silicon stabilized hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate scaffold in a rabbit calvarial defect (Skelite). Critical defects were created in the calvaria of twenty-four rabbits. The periosteum was removed and the defects were either left empty or filled with allogeneic PRP gel; Skelite particles; Skelite and PRP gel. Four animals were killed after 4 weeks, 10 animals after 8 and 10 after 16 weeks. Specimens were processed for X-ray microtomography (μCT) and for resin embedded histology. μCT analysis revealed significant osteoid-like matrix and new bone deposition in PRP + Skelite group at both 8 and 16 weeks in respect to Skelite alone. Histologically, PRP + Skelite defects were highly cellular with more abundant osteoid deposition and more regular collagen fibres. Moreover, in vitro migration assays confirmed the chemotactic effect of PRP to endothelial and osteoprogenitor cells. We conclude that the addition of PRP influenced the local tissue microenvironment by providing key cryptic factors for regeneration, thereby enhancing progenitor cell recruitment, collagen and bone matrix deposition, and by creating a bridging interface between the scaffold and bone.
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (D.I.M.E.S.) (Head: Prof. Maria Adelaide Pronzato), Università di Genova & AOU San Martino - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy; Tissue Engineering Labs, Faculty of Dentistry (Dean: Prof. Dr. Ihab Hammad), Alexandria University, El-Guish Road, El-Shatby, 21526 Alexandria, Egypt.
Rania M
RM
El Backly
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (D.I.M.E.S.) (Head: Prof. Maria Adelaide Pronzato), Università di Genova & AOU San Martino - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy; Tissue Engineering Labs, Faculty of Dentistry (Dean: Prof. Dr. Ihab Hammad), Alexandria University, El-Guish Road, El-Shatby, 21526 Alexandria, Egypt.
Samer H
SH
Zaky
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (D.I.M.E.S.) (Head: Prof. Maria Adelaide Pronzato), Università di Genova & AOU San Martino - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Barbara
B
Canciani
Tissue Engineering Labs, Faculty of Dentistry (Dean: Prof. Dr. Ihab Hammad), Alexandria University, El-Guish Road, El-Shatby, 21526 Alexandria, Egypt; Pharos University (Dean of Faculty: Prof. Dr. Yehia Ashour), Canal El Mahmoudia Street, Alexandria, Egypt.
Manal M
MM
Saad
Tissue Engineering Labs, Faculty of Dentistry (Dean: Prof. Dr. Ihab Hammad), Alexandria University, El-Guish Road, El-Shatby, 21526 Alexandria, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine (Dean: Prof. Dr. Mohammed Ashraf Galal), Alexandria University, El-Guish Road, El-Shatby, 21526 Alexandria, Egypt.
Ahmed M
AM
Eweida
Department of Industrial Engineering and Information Technology (Head: Prof. Maurizio Fermeglia), University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. (President: Prof. Carlo Rizzuto), Elettra, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
Francesco
F
Brun
Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. (President: Prof. Carlo Rizzuto), Elettra, Strada Statale 14 - km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
Giuliana
G
Tromba
A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science (Head: Prof. Konstantin Aleksandrovich Solntsev), Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Avenue 14, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Vladimir S
VS
Komlev
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (D.I.M.E.S.) (Head: Prof. Maria Adelaide Pronzato), Università di Genova & AOU San Martino - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy. Electronic address: milena.mastrogiacomo@istge.it.
Maddalena
M
Mastrogiacomo
Tissue Engineering Labs, Faculty of Dentistry (Dean: Prof. Dr. Ihab Hammad), Alexandria University, El-Guish Road, El-Shatby, 21526 Alexandria, Egypt.
Mona K
MK
Marei
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (D.I.M.E.S.) (Head: Prof. Maria Adelaide Pronzato), Università di Genova & AOU San Martino - Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Ranieri
R
Cancedda
D000818:Animals; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000473:pathology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment / Q000502:physiology; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D003094:Collagen; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D016613:Plastic Embedding; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D012886:Skull / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C074950:hydroxyapatite-beta tricalcium phosphate; D003094:Collagen
Bone regeneration; Critical size defect; Hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate scaffold; Local microenvironment; MicroCT phase analysis; Osteoconduction; Platelet rich plasma