Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes.
Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are immune-mediated erroneous attacks on the central or peripheral nervous systems, or both, directed originally against the tumour itself. They have been known for more than 40 years, but recently the discovery of new subgroups of paraneoplastic encephalitis syndromes with a remarkably good response to immune therapy has ignited new clinical and scientific interest. Knowledge of these subgroups and their associated autoantibodies is important in therapeutic decision-making. However, the abundance of new autoantibodies and syndromes can be confusing. This review paper summarizes current knowledge and new developments in the field of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, their classification, pathophysiology and treatment.
Department of Neurology, University Medical-Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg; Josep Dalmau's Laboratory, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
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Leypoldt
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Wandinger
D006801:Humans; D020361:Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*
anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis; limbic encephalitis; paraneoplastic antibodies; paraneoplastic syndromes