Microbiota in experimental periodontitis and peri-implantitis in dogs.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the microbial profile around teeth and implants following ligature removal in experimental periodontitis and peri-implantitis in dogs.


METHODS
Four implants with similar geometry and with two different surface characteristics (implant A: turned/implant B: TiUnite; NobelBiocare AB) were placed pairwise in the right side of the mandible 3 months after tooth extraction in five dogs. Experimental periodontitis and peri-implantitis were initiated 3 months later by ligature placement around implants and mandibular premolars and plaque formation. The ligatures were removed after 10 weeks. Microbial samples were obtained using paper points immediately after ligature removal, at 10 and 25 weeks after ligature removal. The microbiological analysis was performed by "checkerboard" DNA-DNA hybridization, including a panel of 16 bacterial species.


RESULTS
The amount of bone loss that occurred during the period following ligature removal was significantly larger at implants with a modified surface than at implants with a turned surface and at teeth. The microbiological analysis revealed that the total bacterial load increased during the period following ligature removal and established an anaerobic Gram-negative microflora.


CONCLUSIONS
It is suggested that the large variation in regard to the microbial profiles makes interpretation of a correlation between disease progression and microbial profiles difficult.
Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Georgios
G
Charalampakis
Ingemar
I
Abrahamsson
Olivier
O
Carcuac
Gunnar
G
Dahlén
Tord
T
Berglundh
D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D004285:Dogs; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008026:Ligation; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D013499:Surface Properties
D015921:Dental Implants
animal experiment; bacter; checkerboard; dental implant; infection; inflammation; peri-implant disease; periodontal disease