SGK196 is a glycosylation-specific O-mannose kinase required for dystroglycan function.
Phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharide [N-acetylgalactosamine-β3-N-acetylglucosamine-β4-(phosphate-6-)mannose] is required for dystroglycan to bind laminin-G domain-containing extracellular proteins with high affinity in muscle and brain. However, the enzymes that produce this structure have not been fully elucidated. We found that glycosyltransferase-like domain-containing 2 (GTDC2) is a protein O-linked mannose β 1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase whose product could be extended by β 1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase2 (B3GALNT2) to form the O-mannosyl trisaccharide. Furthermore, we identified SGK196 as an atypical kinase that phosphorylated the 6-position of O-mannose, specifically after the mannose had been modified by both GTDC2 and B3GALNT2. These findings suggest how mutations in GTDC2, B3GALNT2, and SGK196 disrupt dystroglycan receptor function and lead to congenital muscular dystrophy.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101, USA.
Takako
T
Yoshida-Moriguchi
Tobias
T
Willer
Mary E
ME
Anderson
David
D
Venzke
Tamieka
T
Whyte
Francesco
F
Muntoni
Hane
H
Lee
Stanley F
SF
Nelson
Liping
L
Yu
Kevin P
KP
Campbell
D049030:Dystroglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D006031:Glycosylation; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D017350:N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D014312:Trisaccharides / Q000378:metabolism
D014312:Trisaccharides; D049030:Dystroglycans; D016695:Glycosyltransferases; C576562:POMGNT2 protein, human; C000594712:B3GALNT2 protein, human; D017350:N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; C054599:beta-1,4-mannosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; C583116:POMK protein, human; D011494:Protein Kinases