The development of the rotigotine transdermal patch: a historical perspective.
The rotigotine transdermal system is a dopamine receptor agonist delivered over a 24-hour period. It is approved for the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). This article reviews the development of the rotigotine transdermal system, including rotigotine's receptor profile, steady-state pharmacokinetics, and metabolism. Preclinical studies of rotigotine in animal models of PD and proof-of-concept studies in patients with PD are reviewed. These preclinical and clinical studies established this system as an effective method for providing continuous rotigotine delivery across the skin providing the basis for continued clinical development of rotigotine for the treatment of early and advanced PD.
Division of Movement Disorders, Columbia University, 710 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. cw345@mail.cumc.columbia.edu
Cheryl
C
Waters
D000818:Animals; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D057968:Transdermal Patch / Q000639:trends*
D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D013876:Thiophenes; C047508:rotigotine
Continuous delivery; Dopamine receptor agonist; Parkinson's disease; Rotigotine; Transdermal