Reaction time in pilots at sustained acceleration of +4.5 G(z).
BACKGROUND
Pilots flying at very high speed are exposed to the effects of prolonged accelerations while changing their flight path. The aim of this research was to assess the impact of sustained accelerations on the visual-motor response times of pilots and the acceleration tolerance level (ATL) as a measure of pilots' endurance to applied +G(z).


METHODS
The study involved 18 young pilots, 23-25 yr of age. The subjects' task was to quickly and accurately respond to the light stimuli presented on a light bar during exposure to acceleration at +4.5 G(z) and until reaching the ATL. Simple response time (SRT) measurements were performed using a visual-motor analysis system throughout the exposures, which allowed the assessment of a pilot's ATL.


RESULTS
The pilots' ATL ranged from 270 to 366 s (Mean = 317.7 +/- 26.15 SD). The analysis of the SRT indicated a significant effect of duration of acceleration on the visual response time. The results of the post hoc comparisons showed that SRT increased with longer durations of the same level of +G(z) load and then decreased, reaching values similar to the controls.


CONCLUSIONS
Exposure to prolonged acceleration of +4.5 G(z) significantly increases SRT. There was no statistically significant difference in SRT between the pilots with "short" and "long" time exposures. A pilot's SRT during a prolonged +4.5 G(z) exposure could be a reliable indicator of pilot G performance in the fast jet. Deterioration of SRT may be used to predict imminent +G(z) endurance limits between pilots with widely varying endurance abilities.
Department of Flight Safety, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.
Olaf
O
Truszczynski
Mieczyslaw
M
Wojtkowiak
Rafal
R
Lewkowicz
Marcin P
MP
Biernacki
Krzysztof
K
Kowalczuk
D000054:Acceleration; D000328:Adult; D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D006112:Gravitation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance; D011930:Reaction Time; D055815:Young Adult