Characterization of monocarboxylate transporter 6: expression in human intestine and transport of the antidiabetic drug nateglinide.
Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) 6, encoded by SLC16A5, is a member of the monocarboxylate transporter family. Nateglinide, an oral hypoglycemic agent, quickly reaches the maximal serum concentration after its premeal administration. Although the functional existence of uptake systems for nateglinide in the intestine has been demonstrated, these transport systems have not yet been identified at the molecular level. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the localization of MCT6 in the human small intestine and characterize the transport properties of nateglinide via MCT6. Immunohistochemical analysis of the human small intestine revealed that anti-MCT6 antiserum stained the luminal side of the epithelial cells. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, MCT6-mediated uptake of [(14)C]nateglinide was sensitive to extracellular pH and membrane potential. Furthermore, the K(t) value of nateglinide (45.9 μM) for MCT6 was lower than those previously reported in Caco-2 cells and rat intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles. In addition, probenecid, fluorescein, valproic acid, and salicylic acid, which are inhibitors of nateglinide uptake in Caco-2 cells and rat intestine, did not inhibit the uptake of nateglinide via MCT6. These results suggest that MCT6 may play a role in the intestinal absorption of nateglinide, although other transporters are also likely involved.
Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Noriko
N
Kohyama
Hisae
H
Shiokawa
Masayuki
M
Ohbayashi
Yasuna
Y
Kobayashi
Toshinori
T
Yamamoto
D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077715:Nateglinide; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000378:metabolism
D003510:Cyclohexanes; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters; D000077715:Nateglinide; D010649:Phenylalanine