title: Dynamics of CD3⁺ T-cell distribution throughout the estrous cycle and gestation in the bovine endometrium.
abstract: T cells are the dominant lymphocytes in the endometrium and are considered to play a crucial role in implantation and in the maintenance of gestation through cytokine production and immune regulation. The mechanisms underlying immunoregulation at the feto-maternal interface are still obscure for this complex system. Understanding the role of T cells is a key factor in understanding the endometrial immune system. In this study, the distribution of endometrial CD3⁺ T cells in bovines was examined by immunohistochemical analysis. The estrous cycle and gestation was divided into 4 stages, and the number of CD3⁺-positive T cells was counted in each stage. CD3⁺ cells were found in the endometrium in significant numbers throughout the estrous cycle and were mostly located in the subepithelial area. The number of CD3⁺ cells significantly increased in the early and mid-luteal phases but decreased after implantation with the progression of gestation. No T cells were found in the placentome or specifically in the tissues near the fetus, including the trophoblastic area. In addition, very few T cells were found in stromal regions close to the myometrium of the endometrium. These findings suggest that downregulation of bovine endometrial CD3⁺ T-cell functions is closely related to the successful maintenance of gestation in a spatiotemporal manner.
authors: Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.
authors: Tomokazu
authors: T
authors: Ohta
authors: Katsuo
authors: K
authors: Koshi
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Ushizawa
authors: Misa
authors: M
authors: Hosoe
authors: Toru
authors: T
authors: Takahashi
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: Keiichiro
authors: K
authors: Kizaki
authors: Kazuyoshi
authors: K
authors: Hashizume
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000818:Animals; D017849:Animals, Inbred Strains; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002452:Cell Count; D015536:Down-Regulation; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007564:Japan; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010929:Placentation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011255:Pregnancy Maintenance; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017252:CD3 Complex
references: J Reprod Fertil. 1990 Sep;90(1):235-43
references: 2231545
references: Physiol Genomics. 2009 Sep 9;39(1):14-27
references: 19622795
references: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2010 Jun;63(6):601-10
references: 20455873
references: Immunology. 1988 Jan;63(1):157-64
references: 2962930
references: Hum Reprod Update. 2000 Jan-Feb;6(1):28-36
references: 10711827
references: Am J Reprod Immunol. 1992 Sep;28(2):90-6
references: 1285857
references: J Reprod Fertil. 2000 May;119(1):25-33
references: 10864810
references: Rev Reprod. 2000 Sep;5(3):164-74
references: 11006166
references: Placenta. 1983 Oct-Dec;4(4):339-49
references: 6634664
references: J Anim Sci. 1979 Nov;49(5):1261-9
references: 575533
references: Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1998 Feb 16;61(1):25-35
references: 9613470
references: J Immunol. 2008 Apr 15;180(8):5737-45
references: 18390759
references: Res Vet Sci. 1995 Nov;59(3):238-41
references: 8588099
references: Biol Reprod. 1996 Nov;55(5):1017-22
references: 8902212
references: J Anim Sci. 2007 Mar;85(13 Suppl):E32-5
references: 17040952
references: J Anim Sci. 2007 Mar;85(13 Suppl):E30-1
references: 17322123
references: Immunology. 1989 Feb;66(2):312-7
references: 2925229
references: Biol Reprod. 2002 Jul;67(1):55-63
references: 12079999
references: J Reprod Fertil. 1984 Mar;70(2):457-62
references: 6699812
references: Am J Reprod Immunol. 1997 Nov;38(5):350-9
references: 9352027
references: J Reprod Immunol. 2004 Dec;64(1-2):45-58
references: 15596226
references: J Immunol. 2008 Aug 1;181(3):1869-76
references: 18641324
references: Reproduction. 2008 Oct;136(4):481-90
references: 18635742
references: J Reprod Immunol. 2009 Jun;80(1-2):22-32
references: 19394706
references: Placenta. 2010 Mar;31 Suppl:S82-6
references: 20106522
references: Reproduction. 2008 Jun;135(6):739-49
references: 18502890
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 15;99(21):13741-6
references: 12368486