title: Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulates activin a secretion from human amniotic epithelial cells.
abstract: Activin A is involved in inflammation. The present study was performed to clarify if lipopolysaccharide, a component of Gram-negative bacteria, stimulates activin A secretion from human amniotic epithelial cells and to determine if activin A plays a role in amnionitis. Fetal membranes were obtained during elective cesarean sections performed in full-term pregnancies of patients without systemic disease, signs of premature delivery, or fetal complications. Amniotic epithelial cells were isolated by trypsinization. The activin A concentrations in the culture media were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and cell proliferation was assessed by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation. Amniotic epithelial cells secreted activin A in a cell density-dependent manner, and lipopolysaccharide (10  μ g/mL) enhanced the secretion at each cell density. Lipopolysaccharide (10-50  μ g/mL) also stimulated activin A secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Contrary to the effect of activin A secretion, lipopolysaccharide inhibited cell proliferation in amniotic epithelial cells. The present study suggests that lipopolysaccharide stimulation of activin A secretion may be a mechanism in the pathogenesis of amnionitis.
authors: Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8514, Japan.
authors: Yumiko
authors: Y
authors: Abe
authors: Risa
authors: R
authors: Marukawa
authors: Nami
authors: N
authors: Tsuru
authors: Maki
authors: M
authors: Sato
authors: Hiroko
authors: H
authors: Matsuda
authors: Hisanobu
authors: H
authors: Sadakata
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Kameda
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Minegishi
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