title: Development of racial-ethnic identity among First Nation children.
abstract: Elements of racial-ethnic identity, often found among adolescents from racial-ethnic minority groups, have their origins in middle childhood and pre-adolescence. The present study explored the developmental trajectory of some of those components among Native Canadian children living on relatively remote First Nation communities. Children and young adolescents (N = 414,209 female) between the ages of 6-11 completed measures assessing their level of racial-ethnic identity, concrete operational thought, implicit and explicit self-esteem, implicit and explicit in-group attitudes, and the importance of their racial-ethnic identity each year for 5 years. Consistent with predictions from cognitive developmental theory, trajectory modeling revealed significant increases over time in explicit and implicit in-group attitudes, level of concrete operational thought and the importance of children's racial-ethnic identity. However, level of racial-ethnic identity remained unchanged over time. The results are discussed in terms of cognitive-developmental theory, and the influence of living in a racially homogeneous environment on the development of racial-ethnic identity among minority group children. Studies are also suggested for future research.
authors: Department of Psychology, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, R7A 6A9, Canada, corenblum@brandonu.ca.
authors: Barry
authors: B
authors: Corenblum
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001290:Attitude; D002170:Canada; D002648:Child; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000523:psychology*; D007802:Language; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000523:psychology*; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011582:Psychological Theory; D012649:Self Concept; D012933:Social Identification
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