title: Genome-wide association studies on prostate cancer: the end or the beginning?
abstract: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has been highly successful in discovering susceptibility loci for prostate cancer. Currently, more than twenty GWAS have identified more than fifty common variants associated with susceptibility with PCa. Yet with the increase in loci, voices from the scientific society are calling for more. In this review, we summarize current findings, discuss the common problems troubling current studies and shed light upon possible breakthroughs in the future. GWAS is the beginning of something wonderful. Although we are quite near the end of the beginning, post-GWAS studies are just taking off and future studies are needed extensively. It is believed that in the future GWAS information will be helpful to build a comprehensive system intergraded with PCa prevention, diagnosis, molecular classification, personalized therapy.
authors: Department of Urology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
authors: Rui
authors: R
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Urology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
authors: Shancheng
authors: S
authors: Ren
authors: Department of Urology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China. sunyh@medmail.com.cn.
authors: Yinghao
authors: Y
authors: Sun
mesh_terms: D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000235:genetics
keywords: genome-wide association study; prostate cancer
references: Nat Genet. 2008 Aug;40(8):994-8
references: 18622395
references: Hum Genet. 2012 Oct;131(10):1615-26
references: 22923055
references: Eur Urol. 2012 Dec;62(6):953-61
references: 22652152
references: Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2011 Nov 29;9(1):16-32
references: 22124364
references: Carcinogenesis. 2007 May;28(5):1032-9
references: 17151093
references: CA Cancer J Clin. 2013 Jan;63(1):11-30
references: 23335087
references: Eur J Hum Genet. 2008 May;16(5):554-64
references: 18285837
references: Genomics Inform. 2012 Dec;10(4):220-5
references: 23346033
references: Nat Genet. 2008 Feb;40(2):198-203
references: 18193045
references: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Jun;20(6):1196-203
references: 21467234
references: Prostate. 2010 Feb 15;70(3):270-5
references: 19902474
references: J Urol. 2005 Nov;174(5):1785-8; discussion 1788
references: 16217287
references: Curr Protoc Hum Genet. 2011 Oct;Chapter 1:Unit1.20
references: 21975938
references: Hum Mutat. 2013 Jan;34(1):149-56
references: 22887727
references: PLoS Genet. 2011 May;7(5):e1001387
references: 21637779
references: Hum Mol Genet. 2013 Jan 15;22(2):408-15
references: 23065704
references: Nat Genet. 2008 May;40(5):638-45
references: 18372903
references: J Clin Oncol. 2010 Sep 20;28(27):4255-67
references: 20585100
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 16;107(7):3001-5
references: 20133699
references: Cancer Res. 2007 Sep 1;67(17):7991-5
references: 17804708
references: Urol Oncol. 2013 Nov;31(8):1553-60
references: 22561070
references: Lung Cancer. 2009 Jul;65(1):80-4
references: 19059670
references: Urology. 2011 Oct;78(4):969.e1-6
references: 21982019
references: Nat Genet. 2008 Mar;40(3):310-5
references: 18264096
references: Prostate. 2013 Jan;73(1):11-22
references: 22549899
references: Carcinogenesis. 2010 Jan;31(1):111-20
references: 19906782
references: Prostate. 2010 May 1;70(6):601-7
references: 19998368
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jun 9;106(23):9362-7
references: 19474294
references: Nat Genet. 2010 Sep;42(9):751-4
references: 20676098
references: Nature. 2007 Aug 2;448(7153):553-60
references: 17603471
references: Semin Liver Dis. 2011 May;31(2):215-22
references: 21538286
references: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Aug;20(8):1599-610
references: 21715604
references: Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Mar 1;17(5):1075-81
references: 21343373
references: N Engl J Med. 2000 Jul 13;343(2):78-85
references: 10891514
references: Nat Genet. 2008 Sep;40(9):1032-4; author reply 1035-6
references: 19165914
references: Nat Genet. 2007 Aug;39(8):977-83
references: 17603485
references: BMC Syst Biol. 2012;6 Suppl 3:S13
references: 23281744
references: Nat Genet. 2007 May;39(5):645-9
references: 17401363
references: Nat Genet. 2012 Nov;44(11):1231-5
references: 23023329
references: Lancet Oncol. 2011 Nov;12(12):1143-50
references: 22015057
references: Nat Rev Genet. 2013 Jan;14(1):23-34
references: 23183705
references: Nat Genet. 2008 Mar;40(3):281-3
references: 18264098
references: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012 Nov;21(11):2048-58
references: 22923026
references: Carcinogenesis. 2012 Feb;33(2):356-60
references: 22114074
references: Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Apr 1;18(7):1368-75
references: 19153072
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 2;107(5):2136-40
references: 20080650
references: Nat Genet. 2009 Oct;41(10):1055-7
references: 19767755
references: Oncol Rep. 2008 Nov;20(5):1029-33
references: 18949397
references: Nature. 2011 Feb 10;470(7333):214-20
references: 21307934
references: Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2007;8:327-42
references: 17506660
references: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Jun;15(6):1142-7
references: 16775173
references: Nat Rev Genet. 2005 Feb;6(2):95-108
references: 15716906
references: Genome Res. 2010 Sep;20(9):1191-7
references: 20627891
references: BJU Int. 2013 Sep;112(5):666-73
references: 23320731
references: J Clin Oncol. 2010 May 20;28(15):2493-8
references: 20421547
references: Prostate. 2012 Apr;72(5):577-83
references: 21796652
references: J Clin Oncol. 2009 Dec 10;27(35):5972-8
references: 19901119
references: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2013 Jan 1;85(1):e21-8
references: 23021708
references: Nat Genet. 2011 Jun;43(6):513-8
references: 21614091
references: Nat Genet. 2008 Mar;40(3):316-21
references: 18264097
references: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010 May;19(5):1349-55
references: 20406958
references: Cancer Biol Ther. 2011 Dec 1;12(11):997-1004
references: 22130093
references: Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Mar;30(6):1411-20
references: 20065031
references: Hum Genet. 2012 Sep;131(9):1453-1466
references: 22661295
references: Prostate. 2011 Feb 1;71(2):209-24
references: 20690139
references: Hum Mol Genet. 2011 Oct 1;20(19):3867-75
references: 21743057
references: Nat Genet. 2009 Oct;41(10):1116-21
references: 19767753
references: Nat Rev Genet. 2010 Jul;11(7):476-86
references: 20531367
references: Nature. 2007 Jun 7;447(7145):655-60
references: 17554299
references: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Jan;20(1):23-32
references: 21071540