title: Virulence determination and molecular features of peach latent mosaic viroid isolates derived from phenotypically different peach leaves: a nucleotide polymorphism in L11 contributes to symptom alteration.
abstract: Symptoms of chlorosis along leaf edges (chlorosis-edge), along leaf veins (chlorosis-vein) and yellowing on peach leaves have been observed for a long history in the field, while the pathological factor(s) responsible for these symptoms remained unknown. Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) was detected in the leaves collected from three unique phenotypic peach trees showing above mentioned symptoms. The obtained PLMVd isolates were subjected to population structure analyses and biological assays to evaluate their pathogenicity on peach seedlings in an effort to elucidate the relationship between the PLMVd and the symptoms observed on peach trees in China. In addition, molecular features of PLMVd isolates were analyzed to obtain some insight into the structure-function relationships of this viroid. The results revealed that the symptoms of chlorosis-edge and yellowing were indeed incited by PLMVd, and a direct link between the nucleotide polymorphisms and the symptoms of yellowing and chlorosis-edge was established, i.e. residue U338 responsible for the yellowish symptom and C338 responsible for the chlorosis-edge symptom. This study provides an additional proof to endorse a previous proposal that PLMVd pathogenicity determinants reside in L11. The illustrative etiology of the disease, visualization of the symptoms progression and identification of the unique single nucleotide polymorphism possibly involved in the symptom induction will significantly increase understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of PLMVd and will help in designing control strategies for the resulting disease.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; National Indoor Conservation Center of Virus-free Germplasms of Fruit Crops, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Lab of Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
authors: Liping
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: He
authors: YanPing
authors: Y
authors: Kang
authors: Ni
authors: N
authors: Hong
authors: Abu Bakr Umer
authors: AB
authors: Farooq
authors: GuoPing
authors: G
authors: Wang
authors: WenXing
authors: W
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010641:Phenotype; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000821:virology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D027861:Prunus / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014772:Viroids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Chlorosis; Molecular feature; Peach; Peach latent mosaic viroid; Viroid; Virulence identification; Yellowing