title: Exposure to cerium dioxide nanoparticles differently affect swimming performance and survival in two daphnid species.
abstract: The CeO₂ NPs are increasingly used in industry but the environmental release of these NPs and their subsequent behavior and biological effects are currently unclear. This study evaluates for the first time the effects of CeO₂ NPs on the survival and the swimming performance of two cladoceran species, Daphnia similis and Daphnia pulex after 1, 10 and 100 mg.L⁻¹ CeO₂ exposures for 48 h. Acute toxicity bioassays were performed to determine EC₅₀ of exposed daphnids. Video-recorded swimming behavior of both daphnids was used to measure swimming speeds after various exposures to aggregated CeO₂ NPs. The acute ecotoxicity showed that D. similis is 350 times more sensitive to CeO₂ NPs than D. pulex, showing 48-h EC₅₀ of 0.26 mg.L⁻¹ and 91.79 mg.L⁻¹, respectively. Both species interacted with CeO₂ NPs (adsorption), but much more strongly in the case of D. similis. Swimming velocities (SV) were differently and significantly affected by CeO₂ NPs for both species. A 48-h exposure to 1 mg.L⁻¹ induced a decrease of 30% and 40% of the SV in D. pulex and D. similis, respectively. However at higher concentrations, the SV of D. similis was more impacted (60% off for 10 mg.L⁻¹ and 100 mg.L⁻¹) than the one of D. pulex. These interspecific toxic effects of CeO₂ NPs are explained by morphological variations such as the presence of reliefs on the cuticle and a longer distal spine in D. similis acting as traps for the CeO₂ aggregates. In addition, D. similis has a mean SV double that of D. pulex and thus initially collides with twice more NPs aggregates. The ecotoxicological consequences on the behavior and physiology of a CeO₂ NPs exposure in daphnids are discussed.
authors: Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale, IMBE UMR-CNRS 7263, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France ; Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale, IMBE UMR-CNRS 7263, Aix-Marseille Université, Aix-en-Provence, France ; iCEINT, International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Aix-en-Provence, France.
authors: Ester
authors: E
authors: Artells
authors: Julien
authors: J
authors: Issartel
authors: Mélanie
authors: M
authors: Auffan
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Borschneck
authors: Antoine
authors: A
authors: Thill
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Tella
authors: Lenka
authors: L
authors: Brousset
authors: Jérôme
authors: J
authors: Rose
authors: Jean-Yves
authors: JY
authors: Bottero
authors: Alain
authors: A
authors: Thiéry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002563:Cerium / Q000633:toxicity*; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013550:Swimming; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide
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