title: Environmental factors and bioremediation of xenobiotics using white rot fungi.
abstract: This review provides background information on the importance of bioremediation approaches. It describes the roles of fungi, specifically white rot fungi, and their extracellular enzymes, laccases, ligninases, and peroxidises, in the degradation of xenobiotic compounds such as single and mixtures of pesticides. We discuss the importance of abiotic factors such as water potential, temperature, and pH stress when considering an environmental screening approach, and examples are provided of the differential effect of white rot fungi on the degradation of single and mixtures of pesticides using fungi such as Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. We also explore the formulation and delivery of fungal bioremedial inoculants to terrestrial ecosystems as well as the use of spent mushroom compost as an approach. Future areas for research and potential exploitation of new techniques are also considered.
authors: Applied Mycology Group, Cranfield Health, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK.
authors: Naresh
authors: N
authors: Magan
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Fragoeiro
authors: Catarina
authors: C
authors: Bastos
keywords: Environmental factors; Extracellular enzymes; Fungi; Inoculants; Soil; Xenobiotic mixture
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