title: Misdiagnosed case of bronchial carcinoid presenting with refractory dyspnoea and wheeze: a rare case report and review of literature.
abstract: A 59-year-old male smoker presented with persistent wheezing and occasional coughing that had been ongoing for two years and had been unsuccessfully treated with an inhalational β2 agonist, an anticholinergic and an inhalational steroid in the last year. On clinical examination, a left-sided wheeze was detected. The initial chest X-ray was normal. A computed tomography (CT) scan of thorax demonstrated a mass lesion in the left main bronchus. On subsequent bronchoscopy, an endobronchial polypoid mass was detected in the left main bronchus, completely occluding the bronchial lumen. A biopsy taken from the mass revealed features of bronchial carcinoid. Bronchial carcinoid can present uncommonly with wheezes, resulting in misdiagnosis as bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). If an asthma or COPD patient does not respond to conventional therapy, a CT scan and subsequent bronchoscopy is warranted.
authors: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Veer Surendra Sai Medical College and Hospital, P.O. +P.S. Burla, Odisha, India, Pin-768017.
authors: Avradip
authors: A
authors: Santra
authors: Pravati
authors: P
authors: Dutta
authors: Sudarsan
authors: S
authors: Pothal
authors: Rekha
authors: R
authors: Manjhi
keywords: asthma; bronchoscopy; carcinoid tumour; neuroendocrine tumors
references: Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2000 Fall;38(4):31-67
references: 11100416
references: N Engl J Med. 1999 Mar 18;340(11):858-68
references: 10080850
references: Mayo Clin Proc. 1993 Aug;68(8):795-803
references: 8331983
references: Ann Surg Oncol. 2003 Jul;10(6):697-704
references: 12839856
references: Radiographics. 1999 May-Jun;19(3):707-36
references: 10336200
references: Ann Oncol. 2001 Oct;12(10):1383-91
references: 11762808
references: Thorax. 1976 Jun;31(3):245-53
references: 181862
references: Radiographics. 1990 Nov;10(6):1081-95
references: 2259762
references: Ann Thorac Surg. 2004 May;77(5):1781-5
references: 15111186
references: Med J Armed Forces India. 2008 Jan;64(1):86-8
references: 27408094
references: Cancer. 1985 Mar 15;55(6):1303-11
references: 3971299
references: Radiographics. 2002 Mar-Apr;22(2):351-65
references: 11896225
references: Ann Clin Biochem. 2003 Nov;40(Pt 6):612-27
references: 14629799
references: Chest. 2001 Jun;119(6):1647-51
references: 11399686
references: Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006 Fall;18(3):191-8
references: 17185178
references: Ann Thorac Surg. 2001 Jan;71(1):386-93
references: 11216797