title: [Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS): a review].
abstract: DRESS (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms), also known as hypersensitivity syndrome (HSS), is a severe and potentially life-threatening drug reaction. The worldwide rate of mortality is about 10 %, its incidence is increasing. Drugs that most frequently induce DRESS are aromatic anticonvulsive drugs (carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenobarbital), and more recently new retroviral therapies. The pathogenesis of DRESS is not yet fully understood, but is certainly multifactorial involving a combination of immune reactions, ethnic predisposition, genetically determined enzyme deficiencies and reactivation of herpes viruses (HHV-6, HHV-7, EBV, CMV). Because of the involvement of the skin and internal organs, the clinical picture can be very variable. No specific clinical, histologic or laboratory parameter is available, so the diagnosis has to rely on the clinical appearance. The long latency period between start of drug intake and the initial manifestation of DRESS and the successive onset of skin and organ involvement complicates the early diagnosis. Although or even because DRESS represents a diagnostic challenge, detailed knowledge about this disease is of utmost importance to enable early therapeutic actions.
authors: Kompetenzzentrum Chronischer Pruritus (KCP), Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Deutschland. sonja.staender@uni-muenster.de
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ständer
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Metze
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Luger
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Schwarz
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D063926:Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*
references: Med Sci Monit. 2012 Jul;18(7):CS57-62
references: 22739739
references: Allergol Int. 2006 Mar;55(1):1-8
references: 17075280
references: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Dec;130(6):1413-4
references: 22840850
references: J Dermatol Sci. 2013 Jan;69(1):38-43
references: 23141052
references: Chem Immunol Allergy. 2012;97:122-38
references: 22613858
references: Curr Opin Immunol. 2012 Dec;24(6):730-5
references: 23062470
references: JAMA Dermatol. 2013 Feb;149(2):152-8
references: 23560295
references: Br J Dermatol. 2013 Feb;168(2):391-401
references: 23034060
references: Korean J Hepatol. 2012 Mar;18(1):84-8
references: 22511907
references: Am J Med. 2011 Jul;124(7):588-97
references: 21592453
references: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Mar;127(3 Suppl):S60-6
references: 21354501
references: Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2011 Jul-Aug;33(4):412.e5-8
references: 21762844
references: Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Oct;27(10):1425-39
references: 17896897
references: Transl Res. 2012 May;159(5):397-406
references: 22500513
references: Hautarzt. 2012 Mar;63(3):223-5
references: 21971769
references: Chem Immunol Allergy. 2012;97:18-31
references: 22613851
references: J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2009 Feb;7(2):142-60; quiz 161-2
references: 19371237
references: J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010 Aug;63(2):219-27
references: 20605253
references: Semin Cutan Med Surg. 1996 Dec;15(4):250-7
references: 9069593
references: AIDS. 2012 Jul 17;26(11):F21-9
references: 22617051
references: Indian J Dermatol. 2011 Nov;56(6):763-5
references: 22345792
references: Int J Immunogenet. 2012 Apr;39(2):99-105
references: 22136512
references: J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014 Apr;28(4):491-9
references: 23461376
references: Med Mal Infect. 2013 Mar;43(3):134-5
references: 23434355
references: Z Rheumatol. 2013 Apr;72(3):236-41
references: 23515564
references: Pediatr Dermatol. 2011 Nov-Dec;28(6):741-743
references: 22010986
references: Br J Dermatol. 2007 Nov;157(5):934-40
references: 17854362
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jun 19;109(25):9959-64
references: 22645359
references: Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Apr 1;46(7):1111-8
references: 18444831
references: Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2008 Sep;51(9):1070-6
references: 18773166
references: Int J Dermatol. 2008 Aug;47(8):853-60
references: 18717872
references: Scand J Infect Dis. 2012 Oct;44(10):802-3
references: 22803794
references: Chem Immunol Allergy. 2012;97:32-46
references: 22613852
references: Ann Pharmacother. 2012 Jul-Aug;46(7-8):e20
references: 22764327
references: Br J Dermatol. 2007 Mar;156(3):609-11
references: 17300272
references: An Bras Dermatol. 2012 May-Jun;87(3):435-49
references: 22714760
references: Br J Dermatol. 2012 Jul;167(1):44-9
references: 22348415
references: J Dermatol. 2012 Aug;39(8):723-4
references: 22380544
references: J Immunol. 2009 Jun 15;182(12):8071-9
references: 19494333
references: Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2012 Mar-Apr;78(2):197-9
references: 22421658
references: Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2010 Nov;137(11):703-8
references: 21074653
references: Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2007 Oct;33(1-2):124-33
references: 18094951