title: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia: to whom, when, and how.
abstract: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is an established treatment modality with curative potential for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). There has been a significant rise in the number of HSCT procedures performed over the past decade due in part to improved supportive care and innovative techniques such as reduced-intensity conditioning. Expanding alternative donor options such as umbilical cord blood and haploidentical HSCT, taken together with improved outcomes of matched unrelated donors, has resulted in a suitable donor for most patients with an HSCT indication. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics that incorporate genetic mutational analysis into existing cytogenetic-based models should improve selection of patients at high risk of relapse most likely to benefit from HSCT. Improvements in minimal residual disease monitoring hold promise for adding prognostic information, and informing the clinician of impending relapse. The choice of the conditioning regimen involves weighing a patient's unique toxicity and relapse risks. Despite improvements, relapse remains the primary source of treatment failure after HSCT for treatment of AML. The introduction of novel therapies into the clinic, together with improved patient selection, offers hope for decreasing relapse and improving outcomes for AML patients.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Magenau
authors: Daniel R
authors: DR
authors: Couriel
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D046148:Donor Selection / Q000379:methods; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
references: Blood. 2009 Jun 25;113(26):6567-71
references: 19389879
references: J Clin Oncol. 2013 Apr 1;31(10):1293-301
references: 23439754
references: Br J Haematol. 2013 Apr;161(2):237-44
references: 23432431
references: Blood. 2013 Apr 4;121(14):2734-8
references: 23377436
references: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013 Jan;48(1):56-62
references: 22705800
references: J Clin Oncol. 2011 Mar 20;29(9):1190-7
references: 21282535
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012 Sep;18(9):1422-9
references: 22446014
references: J Clin Oncol. 2011 Jul 10;29(20):2758-65
references: 21632498
references: Blood. 2007 Jul 1;110(1):409-17
references: 17374741
references: J Clin Oncol. 1997 Feb;15(2):433-44
references: 9053463
references: Cancer. 2010 Dec 1;116(23):5420-31
references: 20672358
references: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2012 Nov;47(11):1442-7
references: 22504932
references: Blood. 1992 Aug 15;80(4):1090-3
references: 1498326
references: Blood. 2012 Jan 12;119(2):551-8
references: 22096250
references: Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996 Jan;17(1):75-80
references: 8673059
references: J Clin Oncol. 2006 Aug 20;24(24):3904-11
references: 16921041
references: Leukemia. 2013 Jun;27(6):1229-35
references: 23314834
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012 Mar;18(3):480-6
references: 22155141
references: J Clin Oncol. 2013 Apr 1;31(10):1262-6
references: 23439752
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2013 Jun;19(6):981-7
references: 23562738
references: Blood. 2012 Feb 9;119(6):1599-606
references: 22167752
references: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010 Dec;45(12):1710-8
references: 20190840
references: Curr Opin Oncol. 2013 Mar;25(2):195-204
references: 23385863
references: J Hematol Oncol. 2013 Feb 08;6:15
references: 23394705
references: JAMA. 2009 Jun 10;301(22):2349-61
references: 19509382
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011 Oct;17(10):1490-6
references: 21338705
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011 Dec;17(12):1874-7
references: 21767516
references: Leukemia. 2006 Feb;20(2):322-8
references: 16307018
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012 May;18(5):805-12
references: 22015993
references: N Engl J Med. 2012 Mar 22;366(12):1079-89
references: 22417203
references: Curr Opin Hematol. 2013 Mar;20(2):115-22
references: 23385613
references: Blood. 2011 Oct 13;118(15):4258-64
references: 21841163
references: Blood. 2011 Jul 14;118(2):282-8
references: 21527516
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012 Nov;18(11):1727-33
references: 22766220
references: Lancet Oncol. 2012 Oct;13(10):1035-44
references: 22959335
references: J Clin Oncol. 2012 Mar 1;30(7):735-41
references: 22291086
references: Leukemia. 2012 Nov;26(11):2353-9
references: 22504140
references: Eur J Haematol. 2012 Sep;89(3):214-9
references: 22702414
references: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2012;2012:43-8
references: 23233559
references: J Clin Oncol. 2009 Sep 20;27(27):4570-7
references: 19652066
references: Blood. 2010 Sep 16;116(11):1839-48
references: 20538804
references: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013 Aug;48(8):1070-6
references: 23376821
references: J Clin Oncol. 2011 Jun 20;29(18):2507-13
references: 21555694
references: Blood. 2012 Jun 7;119(23):5584-90
references: 22535659
references: JAMA. 2011 Nov 2;306(17):1874-83
references: 22045765
references: J Clin Oncol. 2008 Nov 1;26(31):5078-87
references: 18809607
references: N Engl J Med. 2008 May 1;358(18):1909-18
references: 18450602
references: Br J Haematol. 2013 Feb;160(3):303-20
references: 23240632
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2013 Feb;19(2):214-20
references: 22982533
references: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2005 Aug;36(3):183-91
references: 15937497
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012 Feb;18(2):280-8
references: 21810400
references: N Engl J Med. 2010 Nov 25;363(22):2091-101
references: 21105791
references: J Clin Oncol. 2012 Jun 10;30(17):2140-6
references: 22564995
references: Blood. 2012 Apr 5;119(14):3361-9
references: 22234690
references: Leukemia. 2005 Dec;19(12):2304-12
references: 16193083
references: Blood. 2012 Sep 20;120(12):2521-8
references: 22855604
references: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2012 Feb;47(2):203-11
references: 21441963
references: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2009 Nov;15(11):1431-8
references: 19822303
references: Blood. 2012 Apr 26;119(17):3908-16
references: 22327226
references: Blood. 2010 Jul 8;116(1):129-39
references: 20424188
references: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2012 Dec;47(12):1535-7
references: 22659680
references: Blood. 2012 Jun 7;119(23):5591-8
references: 22496153
references: Neoplasma. 2013;60(1):74-82
references: 23067220