title: NO-inducible nitrosothionein mediates NO removal in tandem with thioredoxin.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a toxic reactive nitrogen species that induces microbial adaption mechanisms. Screening a genomic DNA library identified a new gene, ntpA, that conferred growth tolerance upon Aspergillus nidulans against exogenous NO. The gene encoded a cysteine-rich 23-amino-acid peptide that reacted with NO and S-nitrosoglutathione to generate an S-nitrosated peptide. Disrupting ntpA increased amounts of cellular S-nitrosothiol and NO susceptibility. Thioredoxin and its reductase denitrosated the S-nitrosated peptide, decreased cellular S-nitrosothiol and conferred tolerance against NO, indicating peptide-mediated catalytic NO removal. The peptide binds copper(I) in vitro but is dispensable for metal tolerance in vivo. NO but not metal ions induced production of the peptide and ntpA transcripts. We discovered that the thionein family of peptides has NO-related functions and propose that the new peptide be named NO-inducible nitrosothionein (iNT). The ubiquitous distribution of iNT-like polypeptides constitutes a potent NO-detoxifying mechanism that is conserved among various organisms.
authors: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors: Shengmin
authors: S
authors: Zhou
authors: Toshiaki
authors: T
authors: Narukami
authors: Shunsuke
authors: S
authors: Masuo
authors: Motoyuki
authors: M
authors: Shimizu
authors: Tomoya
authors: T
authors: Fujita
authors: Yuki
authors: Y
authors: Doi
authors: Yosuke
authors: Y
authors: Kamimura
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Takaya
mesh_terms: D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013879:Thioredoxins; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione
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