title: The combination of Helicobacter pylori- and cytotoxin-associated gene-A seropositivity in relation to the risk of myocardial infarction in middle-aged Japanese: The Japan Public Health Center-based study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited evidence is available concerning the impact of the combination of Helicobacter pylori- (H. pylori) and cytotoxin-associated gene-A (CagA)-positivity on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, particularly in Asian populations, in which the prevalence of H. pylori infection is high.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, nested case-control study was conducted to examine the association between H. pylori and CagA and risk of MI and stroke within a cohort of 29,876 men and women aged 40-69 years with no history of heart disease, stroke or cancer. Participants completed a risk factor survey and donated blood samples between 1990 and 1994. Systematic cardiovascular surveillance was performed through 2002. One control for each stroke case and two controls for each MI case were matched by sex, age, date of blood sampling, time since last meal and study location.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the follow-up period, there were 600 strokes and 106 MIs. H. pylori-IgG positivity was not associated with the risk of MI, while CagA positivity tended to be associated with it (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 0.91-3.26, p = 0.10). We found no association between H. pylori or CagA and risk of stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  H. pylori infection was not significantly associated with risk of MI and stroke among middle-aged Japanese. However, CagA positivity tended to be associated with MI.
authors: Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Ai
authors: A
authors: Ikeda
authors: Hiroyasu
authors: H
authors: Iso
authors: Shizuka
authors: S
authors: Sasazuki
authors: Manami
authors: M
authors: Inoue
authors: Shoichiro
authors: S
authors: Tsugane
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000097:blood; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori
keywords: CagA; Follow-up studies; Helicobacter pylori; Myocardial infarction; Stroke