title: Concurrent trajectories of change in adolescent and maternal depressive symptoms in the TORDIA study.
abstract: Depression has a heightened prevalence in adolescence, with approximately 15 % of adolescents experiencing a major depressive episode by age 18. Depression in adolescence also poses a risk for future distress and impairment. Despite treatment advances, many adolescents relapse after initial remission. Family context may be an important factor in the developmental trajectory of adolescent depression, and thus in enhancing treatment. This study examined concurrent change over time in adolescent and maternal depressive symptoms in the context of the Treatment of Resistant Depression in Adolescents study. Participants were 334 adolescents (mean age: 16; SD: 1.6; 70 % female, 84 % Caucasian), and their mothers (n = 241). All adolescents were clinically depressed when they entered the study and had received previous selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment. Adolescents received acute treatment for 12 weeks and additional treatment for 12 more weeks. Adolescent depression and suicidal ideation were assessed at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 weeks, while maternal depressive symptoms were assessed at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 weeks. Latent basis growth curve analyses showed a significant correlation over 72 weeks between trajectories of maternal and adolescent depressive symptoms, supporting the hypothesis of concurrent patterns of change in these variables. The trajectories were correlated more strongly in a subsample that included only dyads in which mothers reported at least one depressive symptom at baseline. Results did not show a correlation between trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms and adolescent suicidal ideation. These findings suggest that adolescent and maternal depressive symptoms change in tandem, and that treatment for adolescent depression can benefit the wider family system. Notably, most mothers in this sample had subclinical depressive symptoms. Future research might explore these trajectories in dyads with more severely depressed mothers.
authors: Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MS 3F5, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA, aperloe@gmu.edu.
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Perloe
authors: Christianne
authors: C
authors: Esposito-Smythers
authors: Timothy W
authors: TW
authors: Curby
authors: Keith D
authors: KD
authors: Renshaw
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations / Q000523:psychology*; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059020:Suicidal Ideation
chemical_list: D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
references: Emotion. 2012 Oct;12(5):913-8
references: 22023365
references: J Abnorm Psychol. 1998 Feb;107(1):128-40
references: 9505045
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000 Jan;57(1):29-36
references: 10632230
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Mar;60(3):253-8
references: 12622658
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2002 Feb;70(1):79-95
references: 11860059
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2009 Jun;77(3):474-85
references: 19485589
references: Clin Psychol Rev. 2004 Jul;24(3):339-60
references: 15245835
references: J Affect Disord. 2003 Nov;77(2):149-57
references: 14607392
references: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2006 Jun;35(2):253-63
references: 16597221
references: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2006 Dec;47(12):1263-71
references: 17176381
references: J Affect Disord. 2004 Apr;79(1-3):71-9
references: 15023482
references: Psychother Psychosom. 2008;77(6):384-9
references: 18716424
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997 Oct;54(10):932-40
references: 9337774
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 Dec;45(12):1427-39
references: 17135988
references: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 Dec 29;836:302-28
references: 9616806
references: J Abnorm Psychol. 2004 Feb;113(1):155-9
references: 14992668
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2002 Oct;41(10):1190-6
references: 12364840
references: J Clin Psychiatry. 2011 Mar;72(3):388-96
references: 21208583
references: JAMA. 2008 Feb 27;299(8):901-913
references: 18314433
references: Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2006 Jan;113(1):36-43
references: 16390367
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Nov;40(11):1246-53
references: 11699797
references: J Adolesc Health. 2010 Oct;47(4):407-13
references: 20864011
references: Psychol Bull. 2006 Jan;132(1):132-49
references: 16435960
references: J Abnorm Psychol. 2009 Aug;118(3):479-93
references: 19685946
references: Psychol Med. 2011 Feb;41(2):313-9
references: 20406526
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2010 Oct;78(5):623-34
references: 20873898
references: Epilepsy Behav. 2006 Feb;8(1):102-14
references: 16356779
references: J Adolesc. 2004 Jun;27(3):251-66
references: 15159087
references: Dev Psychopathol. 2000 Spring;12(2):215-34
references: 10847625
references: Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2005 Feb 15;133C(1):13-24
references: 15648081
references: J Affect Disord. 2010 Dec;127(1-3):185-90
references: 20573404
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011 Mar;68(3):263-9
references: 21041606
references: JAMA. 2004 Aug 18;292(7):807-20
references: 15315995
references: Clin Psychol Rev. 2004 Aug;24(4):441-59
references: 15245830
references: JAMA. 2003 Aug 27;290(8):1033-41
references: 12941675
references: J Fam Psychol. 2012 Aug;26(4):532-41
references: 22612463
references: J Youth Adolesc. 2008 Sep;37(8):906-916
references: 25013241
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991 Dec;48(12):1060-4
references: 1845222
references: Behav Res Ther. 1988;26(5):399-405
references: 3190649
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007 May;46(5):573-581
references: 17450048
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010 Oct;49(10):980-9
references: 20855043
references: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2009 Jan;38(1):16-26
references: 19130354
references: Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2007 Jun;115(6):434-41
references: 17498154
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002 Mar;59(3):225-31
references: 11879160
references: Clin Psychol Rev. 2009 Jun;29(4):294-316
references: 19356833
references: J Adolesc Health. 2009 Oct;45(4):335-43
references: 19766937
references: Psychol Med. 2005 Oct;35(10):1493-503
references: 16164773
references: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2005 Oct;33(5):505-20
references: 16195947
references: Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 1999 Mar;2(1):21-36
references: 11324094
references: Dev Psychol. 1997 Jul;33(4):657-68
references: 9232381
references: BMC Psychiatry. 2013 Jan 17;13:31
references: 23327711
references: Clin Psychol Rev. 2008 Jan;28(1):92-117
references: 17509739
references: Psychol Methods. 2006 Sep;11(3):244-52
references: 16953703
references: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999 Oct;67(5):734-45
references: 10535240
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1987 Oct;44(10):847-53
references: 3662741
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Jun;47(6):694-699
references: 18434919
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999 Mar;38(3):272-9
references: 10087688
references: J Youth Adolesc. 2010 Mar;39(3):219-32
references: 19967398
references: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2010 Nov;38(8):1069-81
references: 20607385
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009 Mar;48(3):330-339
references: 19182688
references: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2003 Sep;32(3):362-74
references: 12881025
references: Psychol Bull. 2002 Sep;128(5):746-73
references: 12206193
references: J Adolesc Health. 2011 Aug;49(2):187-92
references: 21783052
references: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012 Jun;69(6):580-7
references: 22309973
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998 Sep;37(9):906-14
references: 9735610
references: J Adolesc Health. 2002 Apr;30(4 Suppl):3-13
references: 11943569
references: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2006 Mar-Apr;47(3-4):372-94
references: 16492264
references: Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;163(6):1001-8
references: 16741200
references: Mol Psychiatry. 2004 Oct;9(10):908-15
references: 15241435