title: Structure and phylogenetic diversity of post-fire ectomycorrhizal communities of maritime pine.
abstract: Environmental disturbances define the diversity and assemblage of species, affecting the functioning of ecosystems. Fire is a major disturbance of Mediterranean pine forests. Pines are highly dependent on the ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal symbiosis, which is critical for tree recruitment under primary succession. To determine the effects of time since fire on the structure and recovery of EM fungal communities, we surveyed the young Pinus pinaster regenerate in three sites differing in the elapsed time after the last fire event. Pine roots were collected, and EM fungi characterized by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU) regions of the nuclear ribosomal (nr)-DNA. The effects of the elapsed time after fire on the EM community structure (richness, presence/absence of fungi, phylogenetic diversity) and on soil properties were analysed.Fungal richness decreased with the elapsed time since the fire; although, the phylogenetic diversity of the EM community increased. Soil properties were different depending on the elapsed time after fire and particularly, the organic matter, carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, nitrogen and iron significantly correlated with the assemblage of fungal species. Ascomycetes, particularly Tuberaceae and Pezizales, were significantly over-represented on saplings in the burned site. On seedlings, a significant over-representation of Rhizopogonaceae and Atheliaceae was observed in the most recently burned site, while other fungi (i.e. Cortinariaceae) were significantly under-represented. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that fire can act as a selective agent by printing a phylogenetic signal on the EM fungal communities associated with naturally regenerated pines, pointing out to some groups as potential fire-adapted fungi.
authors: Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA-CSIC), Serrano 115bis, 28006, Madrid, Spain, ana.rincon@csic.es.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Rincón
authors: B P
authors: BP
authors: Santamaría
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Ocaña
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Verdú
mesh_terms: D058448:Biota; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005390:Fires; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D028223:Pinus / Q000382:microbiology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology*; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; C065096:RNA, ribosomal, 26S; D012987:Soil; D002244:Carbon; D007501:Iron; D009584:Nitrogen
references: Mycologia. 2006 Nov-Dec;98(6):917-25
references: 17486968
references: New Phytol. 2012 May;194(3):614-628
references: 22489902
references: Bioinformatics. 2010 Jun 1;26(11):1463-4
references: 20395285
references: New Phytol. 2009 Jan;181(2):245-248
references: 19121026
references: Ecology. 2009 Aug;90(8):2098-107
references: 19739372
references: Mol Ecol. 1993 Apr;2(2):113-8
references: 8180733
references: Mycologia. 2009 Jul-Aug;101(4):473-83
references: 19623927
references: Fungal Biol. 2010 Aug;114(8):628-36
references: 20943174
references: Oecologia. 2005 Mar;143(1):1-10
references: 15688212
references: Mycorrhiza. 2011 Aug;21(6):549-558
references: 21301892
references: New Phytol. 2010 Jan;185(2):529-42
references: 19878464
references: Proc Biol Sci. 2012 Feb 22;279(1729):749-58
references: 21775330
references: Mol Biol Evol. 2000 Apr;17(4):540-52
references: 10742046
references: Mycol Res. 2009 Jun-Jul;113(Pt 6-7):792-801
references: 19269321
references: Ecology. 2010 Jan;91(1):262-72
references: 20380215
references: Ecology. 2006 Jul;87(7 Suppl):S100-8
references: 16922306
references: BMC Evol Biol. 2007 Nov 08;7:214
references: 17996036
references: Science. 2007 Jun 22;316(5832):1746-8
references: 17588930
references: Mycologia. 2006 Nov-Dec;98(6):937-48
references: 17486970
references: Oecologia. 2011 Sep;167(1):219-28
references: 21468664
references: Oecologia. 2013 May;172(1):257-69
references: 23053232
references: New Phytol. 2010 Sep;187(4):895-910
references: 20673286
references: Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Mar 19;32(5):1792-7
references: 15034147
references: Nature. 2006 Oct 19;443(7113):818-22
references: 17051209
references: Evol Bioinform Online. 2008 May 26;4:193-201
references: 19204817