title: Management of acute asthma in the pediatric patient: an evidence-based review.
abstract: Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood, with asthma exacerbations and wheezing resulting in more than 2 million emergency department visits per year. Symptoms can vary from mild shortness of breath to fatal status asthmaticus. Given the high prevalence of asthma and its potential to progress from mild to moderate to life-threatening, it is vital for emergency clinicians to have a thorough understanding of acute asthma management. Current evidence clearly supports the use of inhaled bronchodilators and systemic steroids as first-line agents. However, in those who fail to respond to nitial therapies, a variety of adjunct therapies and interventions are available with varying degrees of evidence to support their use. This review focuses specifically on evaluation and treatment of pediatric asthma in the emergency department and reviews the current evidence for various modes of treatment.
authors: Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA.
authors: Brittany Pardue
authors: BP
authors: Jones
authors: Audrey
authors: A
authors: Paul
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019091:Critical Pathways; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D004635:Emergency Medicine; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006371:Helium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D007649:Ketamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010100:Oxygen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010366:Peak Expiratory Flow Rate; D010808:Physical Examination; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012308:Risk Management
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists; D006371:Helium; C038949:heliox; D007649:Ketamine; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D010100:Oxygen