title: Effect of milk and milk products consumption on physical growth and bone mineral density in Korean adolescents.
abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among the current status of calcium intake from milk and milk products, physical growth and bone mineral density in 664 male and female middle school and high school students aged 15-17 years. In the study, the current status of calcium intake from milk and milk products was analyzed, and the height, body composition, and bone mineral density of the right heel bone (calcaneus) were measured. The daily calcium intake of milk and milk products was calculated as the 'dairy equivalent of calcium', which is the calcium content in 200 mL of white milk. The cutoffs of tertiles of the dairy equivalent of calcium were calculated and then the subjects were categorized into 3 groups according to the tertiles, Q1 group (lower intake group), Q2 group (middle intake group) and Q3 group (upper intake group). The daily calcium intake of milk and milk products in Q1, Q2 and Q3 groups was 16.2 mg, 99.7 mg, and 284.0 mg, respectively, and the ratio of milk and milk product consumption to the daily total calcium intake was 5.4%, 27.4%, and 49.7%, respectively. The ratio of total calcium intake to the daily recommended intake in study subjects was 30.5% in Q1, 42.3% in Q2, and 60.7% in Q3, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Height, body weight, BMI, and % of body fat in three tertile groups (Q1, Q2 and Q3) were not significantly different. However, the T scores for bone mineral density in female students in three tertile groups (Q1, Q2 and Q3) was significantly different (P < 0.05). The study showed that the intake of milk and milk products in adolescents, particularly in girls, can improve the bone mineral density without increasing body weight, and thus confirmed that milk intake is important in adolescence.
authors: Department of Technology and Home Economics Education, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 314-701, Korea.
authors: Sun Hyo
authors: SH
authors: Kim
authors: Woo Kyoung
authors: WK
authors: Kim
authors: Myung-Hee
authors: MH
authors: Kang
keywords: Milk and Milk products; adolescents; bone mineral density; calcium; physical growth
references: Pediatrics. 2005 Mar;115(3):736-43
references: 15741380
references: World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 1994;843:1-129
references: 7941614
references: Obes Res. 2004 Apr;12(4):582-90
references: 15090625
references: Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Dec;84(6):1481-8
references: 17158433
references: J Am Diet Assoc. 1999 Oct;99(10):1228-33
references: 10524386
references: J Am Coll Nutr. 2000 Apr;19(2 Suppl):83S-99S
references: 10759135
references: Eur J Nutr. 2000 Dec;39(6):256-62
references: 11395985
references: Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jan;77(1):257-65
references: 12499350
references: J Am Diet Assoc. 2000 Jul;100(7):810-7
references: 10916520
references: J Dairy Sci. 2006 Apr;89(4):1207-21
references: 16537954
references: J Nutr. 2004 Mar;134(3):696S-700S
references: 14988470
references: J Nutr. 2003 Jan;133(1):243S-244S
references: 12514300
references: Ann Hum Biol. 2009 Mar-Apr;36(2):125-38
references: 19241191