title: Working conditions, serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and anxiety disorders: a prospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The etiology and pathology of anxiety disorders involve both genetic and environmental influences. Adverse working conditions may contribute to the development of anxiety. The serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) has been implicated in stress sensitivity. Therefore, we investigated the potential interplay between 5-HTTLPR and job-related risk factors in the prediction of the occurrence of anxiety.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective study using the first two waves of a Swedish population-based cohort. At Wave I, 1585 individuals without anxiety, depression or dysthymia who were active in the labor market during both waves were included. Information on job demands, skill discretion, decision authority and social climate was collected at Wave I. After a three year interval, the presence of anxiety disorders was determined at Wave II. All 1585 participants were genotyped for 5-HTTLPR. Both additive and multiplicative models were considered in examining the potential interaction between 5-HTTLPR and adverse working conditions on the development of anxiety.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anxiety was associated with high job demands but not with 5-HTTLPR. An interaction was observed between 5-HTTLPR and high job demands among females. Individuals with 5-HTTLPR high expression genotype (LL) developed anxiety disorders more frequently when exposed to high job demands compared to 'LS/SS' carriers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A limited number of participants developed anxiety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High job demands predict the development of anxiety. The 5-HTT polymorphism has a moderating effect on the relationship between high job demands and anxiety among females.
authors: Division of Public Health Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: bojing.liu@ki.se.
authors: Bojing
authors: B
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: Catharina
authors: C
authors: Lavebratt
authors: Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Nordqvist
authors: Division of Public Health Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Public Health School/Cisalva Institute, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
authors: Andrés
authors: A
authors: Fandiño-Losada
authors: Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: Töres
authors: T
authors: Theorell
authors: Division of Public Health Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: Yvonne
authors: Y
authors: Forsell
authors: Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: Ingvar
authors: I
authors: Lundberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012931:Social Environment; D013315:Stress, Psychological
chemical_list: C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
keywords: Anxiety; Job demand-control-support model; Serotonin transporter gene