title: Raman microspectroscopy analysis in the treatment of acanthamoeba keratitis.
abstract: Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare but serious corneal disease, often observed in contact lens wearers. Clinical treatment of infected patients frequently involves the use of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), a polymer used as a disinfectant and antiseptic, which is toxic also for the epithelial cells of the cornea. Prompt and effective diagnostic tools are hence highly desiderable for both starting early therapy and timely suspension of the treatment. In this work we use Raman microspectroscopy to analyse in vitro a single Acanthamoeba cell in cystic phase. In particular, we investigate the effect of PHMB at the single-cell level, providing useful information on both the underlying biochemical mechanism and the time frame for Acanthamoeba eradication in ocular infections. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy, in conjunction with standard multivariate analysis methods, allows discriminating between live and dead Acanthamoebas, which is fundamental to optimizing patients' treatment.
authors: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università 'Federico II', Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Napoli, Italy.
authors: Giulia
authors: G
authors: Rusciano
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Capriglione
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Pesce
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Del Prete
authors: Gilda
authors: G
authors: Cennamo
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Di Cave
authors: Luciano
authors: L
authors: Cerulli
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Sasso
mesh_terms: D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015823:Acanthamoeba Keratitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D000563:Amebicides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001645:Biguanides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003261:Contact Lenses / Q000469:parasitology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D000563:Amebicides; D001645:Biguanides; C031233:polihexanide
references: Exp Cell Res. 1991 Aug;195(2):361-7
references: 2070819
references: Cornea. 1998 Jan;17(1):3-10
references: 9436873
references: Phys Med Biol. 2000 Feb;45(2):R1-59
references: 10701500
references: Am J Ophthalmol. 2008 Jan;145(1):130-5
references: 17996208
references: Biopolymers. 2004 May-Jun 5;74(1-2):157-62
references: 15137115
references: Ophthalmology. 2007 Feb;114(2):395; author reply 395
references: 17270694
references: PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e32406
references: 22393405
references: Methods. 2010 May;51(1):27-36
references: 20035873
references: Opt Express. 2008 May 26;16(11):7943-57
references: 18545504
references: Sensors (Basel). 2008 Dec 03;8(12):7818-7832
references: 27873960
references: Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 1999;28:1-27
references: 10410793
references: FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2006 Jul;30(4):564-95
references: 16774587
references: Lasers Med Sci. 2001;16(4):236-52
references: 11702629
references: J Clin Microbiol. 2001 May;39(5):1903-11
references: 11326011
references: Acta Ophthalmol. 2009 Mar;87(2):199-203
references: 18507727
references: Biopolymers. 2002;67(1):1-9
references: 11842408
references: Anal Bioanal Chem. 2007 Mar;387(5):1691-703
references: 17151857
references: Ophthalmology. 1992 Feb;99(2):185-91
references: 1553206
references: Eye (Lond). 2003 Nov;17(8):893-905
references: 14631394
references: Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Aug 15;35(4):434-41
references: 12145728
references: Biophys J. 2006 Jan 15;90(2):648-56
references: 16239327
references: Fresenius J Anal Chem. 2000 Mar-Apr;366(6-7):712-6
references: 11225782
references: Expert Rev Med Devices. 2006 Mar;3(2):215-34
references: 16515388
references: Br J Ophthalmol. 2008 May;92(5):720-1
references: 18441185
references: Cornea. 2007 Feb;26(2):212-4
references: 17251815