title: Carotico-cavernous fistula: An educational case.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We present a case of direct carotico-cavernous fistula (CCF) and its successful treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 55-year-old male presented with left eye discomfort, diplopia and pulsatile tinnitus. He had a recent history of head injury. Examination showed proptosis, chemosis, orbital bruit, and abducens nerve palsy. Digital subtraction angiography confirmed CCF, which was managed endovascularly. The patient recovered fully after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CCF has a variety of presenting clinical signs, imaging manifestations, and treatment options available.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CCF is a rare and dangerous neurological disorder that should be promptly diagnosed and treated.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Science, Glasgow G51 4TF, United Kingdom. Electronic address: seanmartin@doctors.org.uk.
authors: Sean
authors: S
authors: Martin
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Teo
authors: Jo
authors: J
authors: Bhattacharya
authors: Likhith
authors: L
authors: Alakandy
keywords: Carotico-cavernous fistula; Dilated superior ophthalmic vein; Endovascular treatment
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