title: Coordinated control of bone cutting for a CT-free navigation robotic system in total knee arthroplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Robots are gradually becoming intelligent tools for surgeons in computer assisted orthopedic surgery. A hands-on robot combining CT-free navigation software and coordinated control has been designed for total knee arthroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  The hands-on robot is under bilateral force control so that the robot not only follows the force commands from the operator but also shapes the reflected force back to the operator. The proposed coordinated control also defines three operating modes to fulfill intelligent bone cutting by tuning appropriate scaling to the admittance gains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Experimental results demonstrated assistive, resistant and emergent actions to meet various bone cutting conditions by the coordinated controller.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed coordinated controller enables the robot to perform bone cutting more safely, rapidly and accurately compared with being performed by manual bone saw. The intelligent bone cutting has been successfully verified by a cadaver test.
authors: Department of Bio-industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Ping-Lang
authors: PL
authors: Yen
authors: Yi-Jing
authors: YJ
authors: Chu
authors: Shang-Wei
authors: SW
authors: Hsu
authors: Jing-Heng
authors: JH
authors: Wang
authors: Shuo-Suei
authors: SS
authors: Hung
mesh_terms: D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012984:Software; D014584:User-Computer Interface
keywords: bone cutting; computer assisted surgery; human-robot interaction; medical robot; total knee arthroplasty