title: Wet deposition of brominated flame retardants to the Great Lakes basin--status and trends.
abstract: This study examined the temporal and spatial trends in wet deposition of 19 legacy and emerging brominated flame retardants (14 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB)) at 9 sites in the Canadian Great Lakes between 2004 and 2010. Concentrations of BDE-209 in wet deposition declined significantly. This indicates that the voluntary actions taken to phase out the use of BDE 209 in North America are having an immediate effect on its environment concentrations. The analysis also revealed the presence of 22 short-term high concentration events that dominated overall wet deposition loadings of current-use BFRs to the lakes. For instance, one sample in 2007 was responsible for 37% of the total loadings of HBCD to Lake Huron over the entire six-year sampling period. This questions the current paradigm of how we believe such pollutants enter the environment.
authors: EmPOPs, 169 Holmwood Avenue, Plymstock, Plymouth PL9 9EY, United Kingdom. Electronic address: matthewrobson@hotmail.com.
authors: Matthew
authors: M
authors: Robson
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Melymuk
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Bradley
authors: Brenda
authors: B
authors: Treen
authors: Sean
authors: S
authors: Backus
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis*; D006114:Great Lakes Region; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis*; D011891:Rain / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Brominated flame retardants; Great Lakes; Spatial trends; Temporal trends; Wet deposition