title: Increased level of interleukin-13, but not interleukin-4 and interferon-γ in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was performed to investigate the serum level of interleukin (IL)-13, IL-4, and interferon (IFN)-γ in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and subsequent inflammation pattern and comorbidities including asthma and aspirin intolerance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted on 60 adult patients with CRSwNP with mean age of 37.7±12.7 (ranging from 18 to 70) years, and on 20 healthy controls. Serum levels of IL-13, IL-4, and IFN-γ were assessed, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to be compared between case and control groups. Serum level of total immunoglobulin (Ig) E was also assessed in the patients with CRSwNP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum level of IL-13 in the patients with CRSwNP was significantly higher than the controls (0.98±1.56 vs. 0.34±0.16 pg/ml, respectively, p=0.002). IL-4 and IFN-γ did not differ significantly between the two groups. Total IgE level was significantly increased in the patients with CRSwNP, compared to the normal values (301.43±516.54 IU/ml, p=0.033). Among the patients with CRSwNP, 12/60 (20%) had aspirin intolerance and 44/60 (73.3%) had asthma. IgE was also higher in asthmatics than non-asthmatics patients (364.9±586.6 vs. 126.7±135.7, respectively, p=0.015). Patients with aspirin intolerance had higher levels of IFN-γ (4.7±1.4 vs. 4.1±0.6, respectively, p=0.022).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-13 with high level of total IgE was observed in the patients with CRSwNP, which predisposes them to have concomitant asthma. IFN-γ seems to be down-regulated in the patients with CRSwNP, but could be over-expressed in the presence of aspirin intolerance.
authors: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hazrat Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Nabavi
authors: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hazrat Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Arshi
authors: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hazrat Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: a_bahrami@razi.tums.ac.ir.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bahrami
authors: Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Aryan
authors: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hazrat Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: M H
authors: MH
authors: Bemanian
authors: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hazrat Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Esmaeilzadeh
authors: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hazrat Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Jalali
authors: ENT, Head & Neck Research Center, Hazrat Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: S B
authors: SB
authors: Pousti
authors: Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Molecular Immunology Research Center and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Rezaei
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C508598:IL4 protein, human; D018793:Interleukin-13; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D001241:Aspirin
keywords: Asthma; Chronic rhinosinusitis; Interleukin; Nasal polyps