title: Effect of Metal Extension of Crown in the Screw Access Channel of a Posterior Implant Abutment on the Retention of Cement Retained Prosthesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reducing the height of the implant abutment due to limited interarch space decreases the surface area for retention of cemented restorations. The purpose of this in vitro study was to see whether engaging the screw access channel with metal extension compensates for the loss of retention of posterior crowns cemented on shorter abutments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four identical prefabricated abutments were mounted on implant replicas embedded in acrylic resin blocks. Three of these abutments were reduced in height by 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm respectively and one was left unmodified. Two sets of base metal crowns were fabricated for each abutment, one without and one with the metal extension inside the screw access channel. The crowns were cemented using Tempbond NE. The tensile forces required to separate the cemented crowns from abutments were measured using an Instron testing machine. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using a 2-way analysis of variance and Fisher's protected least significant difference at 0.05 level of significance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An increase of 24% to 261% in retentive forces was observed for the group having metal extension in the screw access channel. Statistically significant differences (P < .001) were found among 2 types of crowns and four heights of abutments. Generally, the retentive forces were reduced in magnitude as the abutment height was reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The retention of a casting cemented to posterior implant abutments is influenced by the height of the abutment and the metal extension engaging the screw access channel. The crowns made with a metal extension showed superior retention values.
authors: 1  Private practice, Katy, Texas.
authors: Rashmi
authors: R
authors: Biyani
authors: 2  Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston. Currently at King Saud University, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Mohsin
authors: M
authors: Ali
authors: 3  Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston.
authors: Donald
authors: D
authors: Belles
authors: 3  Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston.
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: Powers
mesh_terms: D001863:Bone Screws; D002484:Cementation; D003442:Crowns; D000044:Dental Abutments; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D008422:Materials Testing; D008670:Metals
chemical_list: D008670:Metals
keywords: cement retained restoration; dental implant abutment; extension of casting; retention