title: [Etiology and prevention of neonatal pneumothorax].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the risk factors and preventative measures for neonatal pneumothorax.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 2286 neonates who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit between October 2010 and November 2011, and a case-control study was conducted to analyze the risk factors and preventative measures for neonatal pneumothorax.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of pneumothorax among the neonates was 1.57% (36/2286), and it was significantly higher in full-term infants than in preterm infants (23/1033 vs 13/1253, P=0.023). Logistic regression analysis indicated that cesarean section, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), wet lung, pneumonia and mechanical ventilation were the independent risk factors for neonatal pneumothorax (odds ratios=7.951, 6.090, 7.898, 6.272 and 4.389; P<0.05 for all). The higher the peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) during mechanical ventilation, the higher the incidence of neonatal pneumothorax (P<0.001). Pulmonary surfactant reduced the incidence of pneumothorax among neonates with NRDS (2.9% vs 10.1%; P=0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonatal pneumothorax occurs mostly in full-term infants. Cesarean section, NRDS, wet lung, pneumonia and mechanical ventilation are closely associated with neonatal pneumothorax. Strict management of indications for cesarean section, keeping PIP at a low level during mechanical ventilation, and use of pulmonary surfactant are helpful in preventing neonatal pneumothorax.
authors: Department of Neonatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. jiling1225@126.com.
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Ji
authors: Na-Na
authors: NN
authors: Huang
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000150:complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies