title: The latent structure and predictors of non-medical prescription drug use and prescription drug use disorders: a national study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite growing concerns about non-medical prescription drug use and prescription drug use disorders, whether vulnerability for these conditions is drug-specific or occurs through a shared liability and common risk factors is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of Wave 1 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions were used to examine the latent structure of non-medical prescription drug use and prescription drug use disorders. Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) analysis was used to examine whether the effect of sociodemographic and psychiatric covariates occurred through the latent factor, directly on each drug class or both.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A one-factor model described well the structure of both non-medical prescription drug use and prescription drug use disorders. Younger age, being White, having more intense pain or one of several psychiatric disorders increased the risk of non-medical prescription drug use through the latent factor. The same covariates, except for anxiety disorders also significantly increased the risk of prescription drug use disorders through the latent factor. Older age directly increased the risk of non-medical use of sedatives, and alcohol use disorders decreased the risk of non-medical tranquilizer use. No covariates had direct effects on the risk of any prescription drug use disorders beyond their effect through the latent factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk for non-medical prescription drug use and prescription drug use disorders occurs through a shared liability. Treatment, prevention and policy approaches directed at these drugs as a group maybe more effective than those focused on individual classes of drugs.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute/Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States. Electronic address: cb255@columbia.edu.
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Blanco
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Rafful
authors: Melanie M
authors: MM
authors: Wall
authors: Chelsea J
authors: CJ
authors: Jin
authors: Bradley
authors: B
authors: Kerridge
authors: Robert P
authors: RP
authors: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine; D010146:Pain / Q000150:complications; D010147:Pain Measurement; D063487:Prescription Drug Misuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008694:Methamphetamine
keywords: Latent structure; NESARC; Non-medical prescription drug use; Prescription drug use disorders
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