title: Fibroblast growth factor 19 in patients with bile acid diarrhoea: a prospective comparison of FGF19 serum assay and SeHCAT retention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bile acid diarrhoea is a common, under-diagnosed cause of chronic watery diarrhoea, responding to specific treatment with bile acid sequestrants. We previously showed patients with bile acid diarrhoea have lower median levels compared with healthy controls, of the ileal hormone fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), which regulates bile acid synthesis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure serum FGF19 and SeHCAT retention prospectively in patients with chronic diarrhoea.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fifty-two consecutive patients were grouped according to (75) Se-homocholic acid taurine (SeHCAT) 7-day retention: normal (>15%) in 72 (47%) diarrhoea controls; ≤15% in 54 (36%) with primary bile acid diarrhoea, and in 26 (17%) with secondary bile acid diarrhoea. Fasting blood was assayed for FGF19, 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) and total bile acids.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FGF19 was significantly lower in the primary bile acid diarrhoea group compared with the diarrhoea control group (median 147 vs. 225 pg/mL, P < 0.001), and also in the secondary group (P < 0.006). FGF19 and SeHCAT values were positively correlated (rs = 0.44, P < 0.001); both were inversely related to C4. Other significant relationships included SeHCAT and body mass index (BMI)(P = 0.02), and FGF19 with age (P < 0.01). The negative and positive predictive values of FGF19 ≤ 145 pg/mL for a SeHCAT <10% were 82% and 61%, respectively, and were generally improved in an index including BMI, age and C4. In a subset of 28 primary patients, limited data suggested that FGF19 could predict response to sequestrant therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduced fibroblast growth factor 19 is a feature of bile acid diarrhoea. Further studies will fully define its role in predicting the response of these patients to therapy.
authors: Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Imperial College London & Imperial College Healthcare, London, UK.
authors: S S
authors: SS
authors: Pattni
authors: W G
authors: WG
authors: Brydon
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Dew
authors: I M
authors: IM
authors: Johnston
authors: J D
authors: JD
authors: Nolan
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Srinivas
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Basumani
authors: K D
authors: KD
authors: Bardhan
authors: J R F
authors: JR
authors: Walters
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D001681:Biological Assay; D002783:Cholestenones / Q000097:blood; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012644:Selenium Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013656:Taurocholic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002783:Cholestenones; C117476:FGF19 protein, human; D012644:Selenium Radioisotopes; C002656:7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; C033638:23-seleno-25-homotaurocholic acid