title: Glial tumors of the retina. The 2009 King Khaled Memorial Lecture.
abstract: Retinal glial tumors and pseudotumors can be classified into astrocytic hamartoma, acquired retinal astrocytoma, massive gliosis, and focal nodular gliosis. Each has different clinical manifestations. Astrocytic hamartoma is usually seen patients who have some manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). It can occur as a noncalcified or calcified variety, and often a combination of the two, and has fairly typical features with fluorescein angiography, ultrasonography, and optical coherence tomography. Although it is generally a stationary lesion, an aggressive variant seen in very young children with TSC can lead to exudative retinopathy, retinal detachment, and neovascular glaucoma. Acquired astrocytoma general occurs in somewhat older individuals who do not have TSC. Like the aggressive form of astrocytic hamartoma it can lead to exudative retinopathy and exudative retinal detachment. Pseudoneoplastic diffuse retinal gliosis can occur as massive glial proliferation in eyes with prior trauma, Coats disease, retinal angiomatosis and other conditions and often occurs in blind eyes. Pseudoneoplastic focal retinal gliosis is characterized by a very superficial, white, noncalcified lesion in otherwise normal eye in somewhat older individuals. Recognition of these glial lesions is important because they can resemble malignant tumors and have different clinical courses and complications.
authors: Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
authors: Jerry A
authors: JA
authors: Shields
authors: Carol L
authors: CL
authors: Shields
keywords: Acquired astrocytoma; Astrocytic hamartoma; Eye; Massive retinal gliosis; Retina; Tuberous sclerosis complex; Tumor
references: Arch Ophthalmol. 1967 Mar;77(3):378-83
references: 6019559
references: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1982 Nov-Dec;19(6):306-13
references: 7153823
references: Arch Ophthalmol. 1995 May;113(5):615-23
references: 7748132
references: Trans Ophthalmol Soc Aust. 1954;14:77-83
references: 13256626
references: Arch Ophthalmol. 2000 May;118(5):711-5
references: 10815166
references: Am J Ophthalmol. 1984 May;97(5):641-3
references: 6720845
references: Retina. 1986 Winter-Spring;6(1):53-6
references: 3704352
references: Am J Ophthalmol. 1979 Jul;88(1):32-6
references: 464011
references: Ophthalmology. 2004 Feb;111(2):363-8
references: 15019391
references: Ophthalmologica. 2005 Nov-Dec;219(6):350-6
references: 16286794
references: Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2004 Mar;242(3):255-8
references: 14872252
references: Can J Ophthalmol. 1979 Oct;14(4):285-90
references: 550924
references: Ophthalmology. 1999 Mar;106(3):639-42
references: 10080228
references: Arch Ophthalmol. 2005 Jun;123(6):856-63
references: 15955990
references: Retina. 2008 Jun;28(6):884-8
references: 18536607
references: Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1984 Feb;108(2):160-3
references: 6421263
references: Arch Ophthalmol. 1976 Aug;94(8):1277-80
references: 949267
references: Retina. 2002 Apr;22(2):237-9
references: 11927865
references: Surv Ophthalmol. 1981 Jul-Aug;26(1):31-8
references: 7280993
references: Am J Ophthalmol. 1978 Nov;86(5):688-98
references: 717527
references: Am J Ophthalmol. 1995 Mar;119(3):318-24
references: 7872393
references: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2004 Nov-Dec;41(6):338-44
references: 15609518
references: Ophthalmologica. 1985;190(3):158-67
references: 3889764
references: Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1999 Jan;237(1):78-81
references: 9951646
references: Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1971 Fall;11(3):211-29
references: 5152656
references: Retina. 1987 Fall;7(3):183-9
references: 3423435
references: Ophthalmology. 1996 Jun;103(6):949-52
references: 8643253
references: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1997 Nov-Dec;34(6):372-5
references: 9430064
references: Retina. 1993;13(2):155-9
references: 8337500