title: The influence of thermochemical treatments on the lignocellulosic structure of wheat straw as studied by natural abundance 13C NMR.
abstract: The effects of thermochemical treatments (aquathermolysis, pyrolysis, and combinations thereof) on the lignocellulosic structure and composition of wheat straw were studied with (13)C and (1)H solid state NMR spectroscopy and proton T1ρ relaxation measurements. Results show that aquathermolysis removes hemicellulose, acetyl groups, and ash minerals. As a result, the susceptibility of lignocellulose to pyrolysis is reduced most likely due to the removal of catalytically active salts, although recondensation of lignin during aquathermolysis treatment can also play a role. In contrast to pyrolysis of wheat straw, pyrolysis of aquathermolysed wheat straw leaves traces of cellulose in the char as well as more intense lignin methoxy peaks. Finally, it was found that both pyrolysis chars contain aliphatic chains, which were attributed to the presence of cutin or cutin-like materials, a macromolecule that covers the aerial surface of plants, not soluble in water and seemingly stable under the pyrolysis conditions applied.
authors: Solid-State NMR, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Habets
authors: Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Biomass and Energy Efficiency, P.O. Box 1, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands.
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: de Wild
authors: Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Biomass and Energy Efficiency, P.O. Box 1, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands.
authors: W J J
authors: WJJ
authors: Huijgen
authors: Solid-State NMR, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: erhve@science.ru.nl.
authors: E R H
authors: ERH
authors: van Eck
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D004987:Ethers; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D011522:Protons; D013696:Temperature; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004987:Ethers; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D011108:Polymers; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011522:Protons; D014867:Water; C036909:lignocellulose; C014989:1,6-anhydro-beta-glucopyranose; C000521:cutin; C007916:hemicellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin; D005662:Furaldehyde; D005947:Glucose
keywords: (13)C solid state NMR spectroscopy; Aquathermolysis; Lignocellulose; Pyrolysis; Wheat straw