title: Consumption of a diet low in advanced glycation end products for 4 weeks improves insulin sensitivity in overweight women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE High-heat cooking of food induces the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are thought to impair glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic patients. High intake of fructose might additionally affect endogenous formation of AGEs. This parallel intervention study investigated whether the addition of fructose or cooking methods influencing the AGE content of food affect insulin sensitivity in overweight individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Seventy-four overweight women were randomized to follow either a high- or low-AGE diet for 4 weeks, together with consumption of either fructose or glucose drinks. Glucose and insulin concentrations-after fasting and 2 h after an oral glucose tolerance test-were measured before and after the intervention. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index were calculated. Dietary and urinary AGE concentrations were measured (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) to estimate AGE intake and excretion. RESULTS When adjusted for changes in anthropometric measures during the intervention, the low-AGE diet decreased urinary AGEs, fasting insulin concentrations, and HOMA-IR, compared with the high-AGE diet. Addition of fructose did not affect any outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Diets with high AGE content may increase the development of insulin resistance. AGEs can be reduced by modulation of cooking methods but is unaffected by moderate fructose intake.
authors: Corresponding author: Susanne Gjedsted Bügel, shb@life.ku.dk.
authors: Alicja Budek
authors: AB
authors: Mark
authors: Malene Wibe
authors: MW
authors: Poulsen
authors: Stine
authors: S
authors: Andersen
authors: Jeanette Marker
authors: JM
authors: Andersen
authors: Monika Judyta
authors: MJ
authors: Bak
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Ritz
authors: Jens Juul
authors: JJ
authors: Holst
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Nielsen
authors: Barbora
authors: B
authors: de Courten
authors: Lars Ove
authors: LO
authors: Dragsted
authors: Susanne Gjedsted
authors: SG
authors: Bügel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007328:Insulin; D005632:Fructose; D005947:Glucose