title: Acute effects of rotavirus and malnutrition on intestinal barrier function in neonatal piglets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of protein-energy malnutrition on intestinal barrier function during rotavirus enteritis in a piglet model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Newborn piglets were allotted at day 4 of age to the following treatments: (1) full-strength formula (FSF)/noninfected; (2) FSF/rotavirus infected; (3) half-strength formula (HSF)/noninfected; or (4) HSF/rotavirus infected. After one day of adjustment to the feeding rates, pigs were infected with rotavirus and acute effects on growth and diarrhea were monitored for 3 d and jejunal samples were collected for Ussing-chamber analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Piglets that were malnourished or infected had lower body weights on days 2 and 3 post-infection (P < 0.05). Three days post-infection, marked diarrhea and weight loss were accompanied by sharp reductions in villus height (59%) and lactase activity (91%) and increased crypt depth (21%) in infected compared with non-infected pigs (P < 0.05). Malnutrition also increased crypt depth (21%) compared to full-fed piglets. Villus:crypt ratio was reduced (67%) with viral infection. There was a trend for reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance with rotavirus infection and malnutrition (P = 0.1). (3)H-mannitol flux was significantly increased (50%; P < 0.001) in rotavirus-infected piglets compared to non-infected piglets, but there was no effect of nutritional status. Furthermore, rotavirus infection reduced localization of the tight junction protein, occludin, in the cell membrane and increased localization in the cytosol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, malnutrition had no additive effects to rotavirus infection on intestinal barrier function at day 3 post-infection in a neonatal piglet model.
authors: Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
authors: Sheila K
authors: SK
authors: Jacobi
authors: Adam J
authors: AJ
authors: Moeser
authors: Anthony T
authors: AT
authors: Blikslager
authors: J Marc
authors: JM
authors: Rhoads
authors: Benjamin A
authors: BA
authors: Corl
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Harrell
authors: Jack
authors: J
authors: Odle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017097:Electric Impedance; D006801:Humans; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000378:metabolism*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008353:Mannitol / Q000378:metabolism; D062793:Occludin / Q000378:metabolism; D010539:Permeability; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D013552:Swine; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D013997:Time Factors; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D062793:Occludin; D008353:Mannitol
keywords: Kwashiorkor; Occludin; Rotavirus gastroenteritis; Ussing chamber; Villus
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