title: Identification of new potential allergens from Nile perch (Lates niloticus) and cod (Gadus morhua).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Globalization of the food industry has led to widespread exposure to new nondomestic fish species; therefore, identification of potential allergens is necessary in order to diagnose allergic reactions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Contact with a patient who was allergic to Nile perch (Lates niloticus) prompted us to investigate the immunoglobulin (Ig) E-reactive proteins that could be allergens of this species.
  
  
  METHODS
  2D gel electrophoresis was used to separate the muscle proteins of L niloticus and Gadus morhua. Immunoblotting was performed with sera from 12 patients with a history of immediate-type allergic reaction to fish and from atopic and nonatopic controls. IgE-reactive proteins were detected and identified using mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The index patient had low levels of IgE binding to parvalbumins. However, 8 putative allergens other than parvalbumin from L niloticus and 5 from G morhua were identified. Further investigation revealed cross-sensitivity to enolase 3 from L niloticus in 7 of the 12 fish-allergic individuals (58%), whereas 11 of the 12 patients (92%) were sensitized to enolase 3 from G morhua. However, atopic control patients were also sensitized to enolase 3 from L niloticus and G morhua.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Identification of species-specific allergens and individual sensitization could help us to improve avoidance strategies.
authors: Department of Proteomics, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany.
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Tomm
authors: T
authors: T
authors: van Do
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Jende
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Simon
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Treudler
authors: M
authors: M
authors: von Bergen
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Averbeck
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology*; D048389:Gadus morhua / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010471:Perches / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D029941:Fish Proteins; D007073:Immunoglobulin E