title: Atrial natriuretic peptide attenuates kidney-lung crosstalk in kidney injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common cause of acute kidney injury after cardiovascular surgery, which in turn deteriorates oxygenation. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has natriuretic, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. To elucidate whether renal IRI induces inflammation in the kidney and lung and ANP attenuates kidney-lung crosstalk.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, mechanically ventilated, and randomized to four groups: saline + IRI (n = 12), ANP + IRI (n = 12), ANP + sham (n = 6), and saline + sham (n = 6). Saline (6 mL/kg/h) or ANP (0.2 μg/kg/min) at the rate of 6 mL/kg/h was started 5 min before clamping, respectively. Renal IRI was induced by clamping the left renal pedicle for 30 min. The hemodynamics, arterial blood gases, and plasma concentrations of creatinine and lactate were measured at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 h after declamping. Lung wet-to-dry ratio was measured. The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL) 1β, and IL-6 and histologic localization of TNF-α in the kidney and lung were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Renal IRI induced metabolic acidosis, pulmonary edema, increases in plasma concentrations of creatinine and lactate, and augmentation of the cytokine mRNA expression and histologic localization of TNF-α in the kidney and Renal IRI induced lung. ANP prevented IRI-induced metabolic acidosis, pulmonary edema, increases in creatinine, lactate, and the cytokine mRNA expression, attenuated histologic localization of TNF-α in the kidney and lung, and increased oxygenation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ANP has renoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects on the kidney and lung in a rat model of renal IRI, suggesting that ANP attenuates kidney-lung crosstalk.
authors: Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Miniwan
authors: M
authors: Tulafu
authors: Chieko
authors: C
authors: Mitaka
authors: May Khin
authors: MK
authors: Hnin Si
authors: Shinya
authors: S
authors: Abe
authors: Masanobu
authors: M
authors: Kitagawa
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Ikeda
authors: Yoshinobu
authors: Y
authors: Eishi
authors: Shunichi
authors: S
authors: Kurata
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Tomita
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Acute kidney injury; Atrial natriuretic peptide; Cytokine; Ischemia–reperfusion; Lung inflammation; Rat