title: Role of circadian rhythms in potassium homeostasis.
abstract: It has been known for decades that urinary potassium excretion varies with a circadian pattern. In this review, we consider the historical evidence for this phenomenon and present an overview of recent developments in the field. Extensive evidence from the latter part of the past century clearly shows that circadian potassium excretion does not depend on endogenous aldosterone. Of note is the recent discovery that the expression of several renal potassium transporters varies with a circadian pattern that appears to be consistent with substantial clinical data regarding daily fluctuations in urinary potassium levels. We propose the circadian clock mechanism as a key regulator of renal potassium transporters, and consequently renal potassium excretion. Further investigation into the regulation mechanism of renal potassium transport by the circadian clock is warranted to increase our understanding of the clinical relevance of circadian rhythms to potassium homeostasis.
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Michelle.Gumz@medicine.ufl.edu
authors: Michelle L
authors: ML
authors: Gumz
authors: Lawrence
authors: L
authors: Rabinowitz
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D057906:Circadian Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D000450:Aldosterone; D011188:Potassium
keywords: Kidney; blood pressure; clock; gene regulation; nephron
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