title: Preliminary report on cardiac dysfunction after isolated traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine cardiac dysfunction during the first 2 weeks after isolated traumatic brain injury and its association with in-hospital mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level 1 regional trauma center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  After institutional review board approval, data from adult patients with isolated traumatic brain injury who underwent echocardiography during the first 2 weeks after traumatic brain injury between 2003 and 2010 were examined. Patients with preexisting cardiac disease were excluded. Clinical characteristics and echocardiogram reports were abstracted. Cardiac dysfunction was defined as left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50% or presence of regional wall motion abnormality.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined data from 139 patients with isolated traumatic brain injury who underwent echocardiographic evaluation. Patients were 58 ± 20 years old, 66% were male patients, and 62.6% had subdural hematoma; admission Glasgow Coma Scale score was 3 ± 1 (3-15) and head Abbreviated Injury Scale was 4 ± 1 (2-5). Of this cohort, 22.3% had abnormal echocardiogram: reduced left ventricular ejection fraction was documented in 12% (left ventricular ejection fraction, 43% ± 8%) and 17.5% of patients had a regional wall motion abnormality. Hospital day 1 was the most common day of echocardiographic exam. Abnormal echocardiogram was independently associated with all cause in-hospital mortality (9.6 [2.3-40.2]; p = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac dysfunction in the setting of isolated traumatic brain injury occurs and is associated with increased in-hospital mortality. This finding raises the question as to whether there are uncharted opportunities for a more timely recognition of cardiac dysfunction and subsequent optimization of the hemodynamic management of these patients.
authors: 1Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 3Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 4Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
authors: Sumidtra
authors: S
authors: Prathep
authors: Deepak
authors: D
authors: Sharma
authors: Matthew
authors: M
authors: Hallman
authors: Aaron
authors: A
authors: Joffe
authors: Vijay
authors: V
authors: Krishnamoorthy
authors: G Burkhard
authors: GB
authors: Mackensen
authors: Monica S
authors: MS
authors: Vavilala
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013318:Stroke Volume; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019210:Troponin I; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form
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