title: Triphenyltin chloride induces spindle microtubule depolymerisation and inhibits meiotic maturation in mouse oocytes.
abstract: Meiosis produces haploid gametes for sexual reproduction. Triphenyltin chloride (TPTCL) is a highly bioaccumulated and toxic environmental oestrogen; however, its effect on oocyte meiosis remains unknown. We examined the effect of TPTCL on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, TPTCL inhibited germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and first polar body extrusion (PBE) in a dose-dependent manner. The spindle microtubules completely disassembled and the chromosomes condensed after oocytes were exposed to 5 or 10μgmL(-1) TPTCL. γ-Tubulin protein was abnormally localised near chromosomes rather than on the spindle poles. In vivo, mice received TPTCL by oral gavage for 10 days. The general condition of the mice deteriorated and the ovary coefficient was reduced (P<0.05). The number of secondary and mature ovarian follicles was significantly reduced by 10mgkg(-1) TPTCL (P<0.05). GVBD decreased in a non-significant, dose-dependent manner (P>0.05). PBE was inhibited with 10mgkg(-1) TPTCL (P<0.05). The spindles of in vitro and in vivo metaphase II oocytes were disassembled with 10mgkg(-1) TPTCL. These results suggest that TPTCL seriously affects meiotic maturation by disturbing cell-cycle progression, disturbing the microtubule cytoskeleton and inhibiting follicle development in mouse oocytes.
authors: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361004, China.
authors: Yu-Ting
authors: YT
authors: Shen
authors: Center of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children Health Care Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361003, China.
authors: Yue-Qiang
authors: YQ
authors: Song
authors: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361004, China.
authors: Xiao-Qin
authors: XQ
authors: He
authors: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361004, China.
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Zhang
authors: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361102China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Huang
authors: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361102China.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Center of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children Health Care Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361003, China.
authors: Lu
authors: L
authors: Ding
authors: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361102China.
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361003, China.
authors: Mao-Bi
authors: MB
authors: Zhu
authors: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361004, China.
authors: Wen-Feng
authors: WF
authors: Hu
authors: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361102China.
authors: Zhong-Quan
authors: ZQ
authors: Qi
authors: Basic Medical Department of Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361102, China.
authors: Hai-Long
authors: HL
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361004, China.
authors: Xiang-Jun
authors: XJ
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008540:Meiosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008677:Metaphase / Q000187:drug effects; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009947:Organotin Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D059705:Polar Bodies / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D009947:Organotin Compounds; D014404:Tubulin; C012594:triphenyltin chloride