title: The use of University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease in Italy.
abstract: Hyposmia is a common finding in Parkinson's disease (PD). The 40-item University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT-40) has been adapted and administered in several countries as a diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of PD. We have developed a culturally adapted version of the UPSIT-40 and applied it to 61 nondemented Italian controls and to 68 PD patients. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the factors that independently influence UPSIT-40 and logistic regression analysis was employed to study the usefulness of UPSIT-40 to predict PD diagnosis. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that PD diagnosis (p < 0.001), age (p = 0.006), gender (p = 0.003) and smoking status (p = 0.03) were significant independent predictors of the UPSIT-40 total score. Using diagnosis as dependent variable, logistic regression analysis showed that UPSIT-40 total score (p < 0.001) was an independent predictor of PD. Using a score ≤ 21/40 as a cut-off point for assigning subjects to PD group, the UPSIT-40 total score differentiated PD and control subjects with 82 % sensitivity and 88.2 % specificity. The adapted version of UPSIT-40 may be useful in addition to clinical examination to improve accuracy of diagnosis of PD in Italian population.
authors: Department of Neurological Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Picillo
authors: Maria Teresa
authors: MT
authors: Pellecchia
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Erro
authors: Marianna
authors: M
authors: Amboni
authors: Carmine
authors: C
authors: Vitale
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Iavarone
authors: Marcello
authors: M
authors: Moccia
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Allocca
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Orefice
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Barone
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009812:Odorants; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*
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