title: Expression profiling of intestinal tissues implicates tissue-specific genes and pathways essential for thyroid hormone-induced adult stem cell development.
abstract: The study of the epithelium during development in the vertebrate intestine touches upon many contemporary aspects of biology: to name a few, the formation of the adult stem cells (ASCs) essential for the life-long self-renewal and the balance of stem cell activity for renewal vs cancer development. Although extensive analyses have been carried out on the property and functions of the adult intestinal stem cells in mammals, little is known about their formation during development due to the difficulty of manipulating late-stage, uterus-enclosed embryos. The gastrointestinal tract of the amphibian Xenopus laevis is an excellent model system for the study of mammalian ASC formation, cell proliferation, and differentiation. During T3-dependent amphibian metamorphosis, the digestive tract is extensively remodeled from the larval to the adult form for the adaptation of the amphibian from its aquatic herbivorous lifestyle to that of a terrestrial carnivorous frog. This involves de novo formation of ASCs that requires T3 signaling in both the larval epithelium and nonepithelial tissues. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, we have characterized the gene expression profiles in the epithelium and nonepithelial tissues by using cDNA microarrays. Our results revealed that T3 induces distinct tissue-specific gene regulation programs associated with the remodeling of the intestine, particularly the formation of the ASCs, and further suggested the existence of potentially many novel stem cell-associated genes, at least in the intestine during development.
authors: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, Building 18T, Room 106, 18 Library Drive, MSC 5431, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Rachel A. Heimeier, Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Program in Cellular Regulation and Metabolism, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; or Atsuko Ishizuya-Oka, Department of Biology, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-0063, Japan. shi@helix.nih.gov, heimeier781@gmail.com, or a-oka@nms.ac.jp.
authors: Guihong
authors: G
authors: Sun
authors: Rachel A
authors: RA
authors: Heimeier
authors: Liezhen
authors: L
authors: Fu
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Hasebe
authors: Biswajit
authors: B
authors: Das
authors: Atsuko
authors: A
authors: Ishizuya-Oka
authors: Yun-Bo
authors: YB
authors: Shi
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000166:cytology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva; D008675:Metamorphosis, Biological / Q000502:physiology; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D059467:Transcriptome; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine
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