title: Risk factors associated with survival in dogs with nontonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma 31 cases (1990-2010).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors associated with survival in dogs with nontonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that were and were not treated with curative-intent surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  31 dogs with OSCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records for dogs with OSCC that were not treated, or were treated with curative-intent surgery only between January 1990 and December 2010 were reviewed. For each dog, data regarding signalment, clinical stage, treatment, tumor recurrence, and survival time were obtained from the medical record, and archived biopsy specimens were evaluated to identify the histologic subtype of the tumor and extent of tumor-associated inflammation (TAI), perineural invasion (PNI), and lymphovascular invasion (LVI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Risk of death for the 21 dogs with OSCC that were surgically treated was decreased 91.4% (hazard ratio, 0.086; 95% confidence interval, 0.002 to 0.150), compared with that for the 10 dogs with OSCC that were not treated. The 1-year survival rate was 93.5% and 0% for dogs that were and were not surgically treated, respectively. Risk of death increased significantly with increasing TAI and increasing risk score (combination of TAI, PNI, and LVI). Tumor location, clinical stage, and histologic subtype were not associated with survival time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicated that the prognosis for dogs with OSCC was excellent following surgical excision of the tumor. Risk of death increased with increasing TAI, and combining TAI, PNI, and LVI into a single risk score may be a useful prognostic indicator for dogs with OSCC.
authors: William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital Small Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors: Amy J
authors: AJ
authors: Fulton
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Nemec
authors: Brian G
authors: BG
authors: Murphy
authors: Philip H
authors: PH
authors: Kass
authors: Frank J M
authors: FJ
authors: Verstraete
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors