title: Directed in vitro myogenesis of human embryonic stem cells and their in vivo engraftment.
abstract: Development of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-based therapy requires derivation of in vitro expandable cell populations that can readily differentiate to specified cell types and engraft upon transplantation. Here, we report that hESCs can differentiate into skeletal muscle cells without genetic manipulation. This is achieved through the isolation of cells expressing a mesodermal marker, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRA), following embryoid body (EB) formation. The ESC-derived cells differentiated into myoblasts in vitro as evident by upregulation of various myogenic genes, irrespective of the presence of serum in the medium. This result is further corroborated by the presence of sarcomeric myosin and desmin, markers for terminally differentiated cells. When transplanted in vivo, these pre-myogenically committed cells were viable in tibialis anterior muscles 14 days post-implantation. These hESC-derived cells, which readily undergo myogenic differentiation in culture medium containing serum, could be a viable cell source for skeletal muscle repair and tissue engineering to ameliorate various muscle wasting diseases.
authors: Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America.
authors: Yongsung
authors: Y
authors: Hwang
authors: Samuel
authors: S
authors: Suk
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Lin
authors: Matthew
authors: M
authors: Tierney
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Du
authors: Timothy
authors: T
authors: Seo
authors: Aaron
authors: A
authors: Mitchell
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Sacco
authors: Shyni
authors: S
authors: Varghese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D058732:Embryoid Bodies / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D034904:Lamin Type A / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D024510:Muscle Development; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology; D032448:Myoblasts, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D034904:Lamin Type A; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha
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