title: The putative metabolic role of d-chiro inositol phosphoglycan in human pregnancy and preeclampsia.
abstract: Immunological alterations, systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and insulin resistance are prominent features of preeclampsia, although the reciprocal relationship between them is poorly understood. The metabolic syndrome that occurs during preeclampsia can be exacerbated by the systemic inflammation and linked to placental metabolism/development and endothelial dysfunction. Under healthy conditions, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-integrated pathways not only promote cell metabolism and proliferation, but also regulate endothelial synthesis and release of vasodilators (e.g., nitric oxide, NO) and opposing vasoconstrictors (e.g., endothelin-1) to maintain vascular homeostasis. d-chiro inositol phosphoglycans (DCI), second messengers of insulin, are increased during preeclampsia and contribute directly to insulin resistance. The dynamic balanced control of vascular function may be altered by excessive DCI that impairs the PI3-kinase-dependent pathway and may result in reduced bioavailability of NO, contributing to elevated peripheral vascular resistance and hypertension.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Verona, Italy. Electronic address: marcoscioscia@gmail.com.
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Scioscia
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Infertility and IVF Centre, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
authors: Marilena
authors: M
authors: Nigro
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pharmacology Section, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Policlinico, Bari, Italy.
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Montagnani
mesh_terms: D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D011134:Polysaccharides; C028039:inositol phosphate glycan; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
keywords: Chiro inositol; Endothelial; Insulin resistance; Metabolic syndrome; Preeclampsia