title: Fecal microbiota transplantation and emerging treatments for Clostridium difficile infection.
abstract: Due to the increased incidence and recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection, health care providers are seeking new and alternative treatments to the standard antibiotic therapy. The objective of this article is to present a review on the background, microbiologic efficacy, clinical efficacy, and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation and to provide an overview of emerging treatment options currently under investigation. Emerging treatment options discussed include the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against toxins A and B, C difficile vaccination, and transplantation of nontoxigenic C difficile strains.
authors: Department of Pharmacy, North Memorial Medical Center, Robbinsdale, MN, USA.
authors: Krista D
authors: KD
authors: Gens
authors: Ramy H
authors: RH
authors: Elshaboury
authors: Jessica S
authors: JS
authors: Holt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000276:immunology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D055502:Secondary Prevention
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D004768:Enterotoxins; C041348:tcdA protein, Clostridium difficile; C031815:toxB protein, Clostridium difficile
keywords: C difficile vaccines; fecal bacteriotherapy; fecal transplantation; monoclonal antibodies; recurrent CDI