title: Protection by face masks against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus on trans-Pacific passenger aircraft, 2009.
abstract: In response to several influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infections that developed in passengers after they traveled on the same 2 flights from New York, New York, USA, to Hong Kong, China, to Fuzhou, China, we assessed transmission of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus on these flights. We defined a case of infection as onset of fever and respiratory symptoms and detection of virus by PCR in a passenger or crew member of either flight. Illness developed only in passengers who traveled on the New York to Hong Kong flight. We compared exposures of 9 case-passengers with those of 32 asymptomatic control-passengers. None of the 9 case-passengers, compared with 47% (15/32) of control-passengers, wore a face mask for the entire flight (odds ratio 0, 95% CI 0-0.71). The source case-passenger was not identified. Wearing a face mask was a protective factor against influenza infection. We recommend a more comprehensive intervention study to accurately estimate this effect.
authors: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors: Lijie
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Zhibin
authors: Z
authors: Peng
authors: Jianming
authors: J
authors: Ou
authors: Guang
authors: G
authors: Zeng
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Fontaine
authors: Mingbin
authors: M
authors: Liu
authors: Fuqiang
authors: F
authors: Cui
authors: Rongtao
authors: R
authors: Hong
authors: Hang
authors: H
authors: Zhou
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Huai
authors: Shuk-Kwan
authors: SK
authors: Chuang
authors: Yiu-Hong
authors: YH
authors: Leung
authors: Yunxia
authors: Y
authors: Feng
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Luo
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Shen
authors: Bao-Ping
authors: BP
authors: Zhu
authors: Marc-Alain
authors: MA
authors: Widdowson
authors: Hongjie
authors: H
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000401:Aircraft; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000379:methods; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008397:Masks; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014195:Travel; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: China; Hong Kong; United States; air travel; aircraft; disease outbreak; face masks; influenza; influenza A virus; influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus; outbreak; trans-pacific passenger aircraft; travel; viruses
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