title: Implication of ultraviolet light in the etiology of uveal melanoma: A review.
abstract: Uveal melanoma is the most frequent intraocular cancer and the second most common form of melanoma. It metastasizes in half of the patients and the prognostic is poor. Although ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a proven risk factor for skin melanoma, the role of UV light in the etiology of uveal melanoma is still contradictory. We have compared epidemiological and genetic evidences of the potential role of UV radiation in uveal melanoma with data on cutaneous melanoma. Even though frequently mutated genes in skin melanoma (e.g. BRAF) differ from those found in uveal melanoma (i.e. GNAQ, GNA11), their mutation pattern bears strong similarities. Furthermore, we provide new results showing that RAC1, a gene recently found harboring UV-hallmark mutation in skin melanoma, is also mutated in uveal melanoma. This article aims to review the work done in the last decades to understand the etiology of uveal melanoma and discuss new avenues, which shed some light on the potential role of UV exposure in uveal melanoma.
authors: Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, QC, Canada.|Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, QC, Canada.
authors: Justin D
authors: JD
authors: Mallet
authors: Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, QC, Canada.|Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, QC, Canada.
authors: Sébastien P
authors: SP
authors: Gendron
authors: Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, QC, Canada.|Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, QC, Canada.
authors: Marie-Catherine
authors: MC
authors: Drigeard Desgarnier
authors: Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, QC, Canada.|Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, QC, Canada.|Département d'Ophtalmologie et ORL - Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, QC, Canada.
authors: Patrick J
authors: PJ
authors: Rochette
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D000096142:Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma; D000098943:Uveal Melanoma