title: Sequential injection approach for simultaneous determination of ultratrace plutonium and neptunium in urine with accelerator mass spectrometry.
abstract: An analytical method was developed for simultaneous determination of ultratrace level plutonium (Pu) and neptunium (Np) using iron hydroxide coprecipitation in combination with automated sequential injection extraction chromatography separation and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurement. Several experimental parameters affecting the analytical performance were investigated and compared including sample preboiling operation, aging time, amount of coprecipitating reagent, reagent for pH adjustment, sedimentation time, and organic matter decomposition approach. The overall analytical results show that preboiling and aging are important for obtaining high chemical yields for both Pu and Np, which is possibly related to the aggregation and adsorption behavior of organic substances contained in urine. Although the optimal condition for Np and Pu simultaneous determination requires 5-day aging time, an immediate coprecipitation without preboiling and aging could also provide fairly satisfactory chemical yields for both Np and Pu (50-60%) with high sample throughput (4 h/sample). Within the developed method, (242)Pu was exploited as chemical yield tracer for both Pu and Np isotopes. (242)Pu was also used as a spike in the AMS measurement for quantification of (239)Pu and (237)Np concentrations. The results show that, under the optimal experimental condition, the chemical yields of (237)Np and (242)Pu are nearly identical, indicating the high feasibility of (242)Pu as a nonisotopic tracer for (237)Np determination in real urine samples. The analytical method was validated by analysis of a number of urine samples spiked with different levels of (237)Np and (239)Pu. The measured values of (237)Np and (239)Pu by AMS exhibit good agreement (R(2) ≥ 0.955) with the spiked ones confirming the reliability of the proposed method.
authors: Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark , DTU Risø Campus, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors: Jixin
authors: J
authors: Qiao
authors: Xiaolin
authors: X
authors: Hou
authors: Per
authors: P
authors: Roos
authors: Johannes
authors: J
authors: Lachner
authors: Marcus
authors: M
authors: Christl
authors: Yihong
authors: Y
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D009405:Neptunium / Q000652:urine*; D011005:Plutonium / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D011005:Plutonium; D009405:Neptunium