title: Atomic imaging of the irreversible sensing mechanism of NO2 adsorption on copper phthalocyanine.
abstract: Ambient NO2 adsorption onto copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) monolayers is observed using ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to elucidate the molecular sensing mechanism in CuPc chemical vapor sensors. For low doses (1 ppm for 5 min) of NO2 at ambient temperatures, isolated chemisorption sites on the CuPc metal centers are observed in STM images. These chemisorbates almost completely desorb from the CuPc monolayer after annealing at 100 °C for 30 min. Conversely, for high NO2 doses (10 ppm for 5 min), the NO2 induces a fracture of the CuPc domains. This domain fracture can only be reversed by annealing above 150 °C, which is consistent with dissociative chemisorption into NO and atomic O accompanied by surface restructuring. This high stability implies that the domain fracture results from tightly bound adsorbates, such as atomic O. Existence of atomic O on or under the CuPc layer, which results in domain fracture, is revealed by XPS analysis and ozone-dosing experiments. The observed CuPc domain fracturing is consistent with a mechanism for the dosimetric sensing of NO2 and other reactive gases by CuPc organic thin film transistors (OTFTs).
authors: Materials Science and Engineering Program and ‡Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive,, La Jolla 92093, California, United States.
authors: Jun Hong
authors: JH
authors: Park
authors: James E
authors: JE
authors: Royer
authors: Evgeniy
authors: E
authors: Chagarov
authors: Tobin
authors: T
authors: Kaufman-Osborn
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Edmonds
authors: Tyler
authors: T
authors: Kent
authors: Sangyeob
authors: S
authors: Lee
authors: William C
authors: WC
authors: Trogler
authors: Andrew C
authors: AC
authors: Kummel