title: The evolving landscape in the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia.
abstract: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous clonal disorder of myeloid precursors arrested in their maturation, creating a diverse disease entity with a wide range of responses to historically standard treatment approaches. While significant progress has been made in characterizing and individualizing the disease at diagnosis to optimally inform those affected, progress in treatment to reduce relapse and induce remission has been limited thus far. In addition to a brief summary of the factors that shape prognostication at diagnosis, this review attempts to expand on the current therapies under investigation that have shown promise in treating AML, including hypomethylating agents, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antisense oligonucleotides, and other novel therapies, including aurora kinases, mTOR and PI3 kinase inhibitors, PIM kinase inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, and IDH targeted therapies. With these, and undoubtedly many others in the future, it is the hope that by combining more accurate prognostication with more effective therapies, patients will begin to have a different, and more complete, outlook on their disease that allows for safer and more successful treatment strategies.
authors: Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
authors: Grace L
authors: GL
authors: Peloquin
authors: Yi-Bin
authors: YB
authors: Chen
authors: Amir T
authors: AT
authors: Fathi
mesh_terms: D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D053492:Elafin / Q000235:genetics; D000079982:Gemtuzumab; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051573:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D053492:Elafin; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; C506806:PI3 protein, human; D000079982:Gemtuzumab; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; C543588:IDH1 protein, human; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D051573:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
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