title: Browning of white adipose tissue: role of hypothalamic signaling.
abstract: Two types of fat, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), exist in mammals including adult humans. While WAT stores excess calories and an excessive accumulation of fat causes obesity, BAT dissipates energy to produce heat through nonshivering thermogenesis for protection against cold environments and provides the potential for the development of novel anti-obesity treatments. The hypothalamus plays a central role in the control of energy balance. Specifically, recent observations indicate the importance of the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) in thermoregulation. We have found that the orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the DMH has distinct actions in modulating adiposity and BAT thermogenesis. Knockdown of NPY in the DMH elevates the thermogenic activity of classic BAT and promotes the development of brown adipocytes in WAT, leading to increased thermogenesis. These findings identify a novel potential target for combating obesity.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors: Sheng
authors: S
authors: Bi
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.|Department of Endocrinology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D054338:Cell Transdifferentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D009478:Neuropeptide Y
keywords: adipogenesis; brown adipose tissue; dorsomedial hypothalamus; energy expenditure; neuropeptide Y; thermogenesis
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