title: Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine effectiveness and other characteristics associated with hospitalization in chronic liver disease patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To date, few studies have investigated the clinical effectiveness of influenza vaccine in chronic liver disease patients. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of monovalent inactivated influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine and other characteristics associated with hospitalization in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a hospital-based cohort study during influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic. A total of 408 patients (132 vaccinated, 276 unvaccinated) with detectable HCV-RNA were followed up with respect to any hospitalization using a weekly postal questionnaire. Reported hospitalizations were verified by medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the epidemic period, 28 hospitalizations (6 vaccinated, 22 unvaccinated) were observed. After adjustment for potential confounders, vaccination decreased the odds ratio (OR) for hospitalization with marginal significance (OR = 0.43, 95%CI = 0.16-1.17). Besides, positive association with hospitalization was observed in patients with albumin levels <3.5 g/dl (OR = 8.40, 3.66-19.3) and steroid users (OR = 5.58, 0.98-31.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among patients with chronic hepatitis C, A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine appeared to have a protective effect against hospitalization. Those patients with a higher risk for hospitalization should be carefully followed during the influenza season, even when vaccinated.
authors: Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Satoko
authors: S
authors: Ohfuji
authors: Wakaba
authors: W
authors: Fukushima
authors: Yachiyo
authors: Y
authors: Sasaki
authors: Akihiro
authors: A
authors: Tamori
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Kurai
authors: Kiyohide
authors: K
authors: Kioka
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Maeda
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Maeda
authors: Yoshio
authors: Y
authors: Hirota
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines
keywords: effectiveness; hospitalization; influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine; liver function; risk factors
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