title: Gene expression profiling as a tool to investigate the molecular machinery activated during hippocampal neurodegeneration induced by trimethyltin (TMT) administration.
abstract: Trimethyltin (TMT) is an organotin compound exhibiting neurotoxicant effects selectively localized in the limbic system and especially marked in the hippocampus, in both experimental animal models and accidentally exposed humans. TMT administration causes selective neuronal death involving either the granular neurons of the dentate gyrus or the pyramidal cells of the Cornu Ammonis, with a different pattern of localization depending on the different species studied or the dosage schedule. TMT is broadly used to realize experimental models of hippocampal neurodegeneration associated with cognitive impairment and temporal lobe epilepsy, though the molecular mechanisms underlying the associated selective neuronal death are still not conclusively clarified. Experimental evidence indicates that TMT-induced neurodegeneration is a complex event involving different pathogenetic mechanisms, probably acting differently in animal and cell models, which include neuroinflammation, intracellular calcium overload, and oxidative stress. Microarray-based, genome-wide expression analysis has been used to investigate the molecular scenario occurring in the TMT-injured brain in different in vivo and in vitro models, producing an overwhelming amount of data. The aim of this review is to discuss and rationalize the state-of-the-art on TMT-associated genome wide expression profiles in order to identify comparable and reproducible data that may allow focusing on significantly involved pathways.
authors: Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy. wanda.lattanzi@rm.unicatt.it
authors: Wanda
authors: W
authors: Lattanzi
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Corvino
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Di Maria
authors: Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy. fabrizio.michetti@rm.unicatt.it
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Michetti
authors: Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy. mc.geloso@rm.unicatt.it
authors: Maria Concetta
authors: MC
authors: Geloso
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D023421:Models, Animal; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000187:drug effects; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D014298:Trimethyltin Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D009479:Neuropeptides; D009498:Neurotoxins; D014298:Trimethyltin Compounds; C046488:trimethyltin; C075692:stannin
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