title: Baicalin attenuates brain edema in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: Baicalin is a flavonoid compound purified from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis, which possesses multiple biological activities. Previous studies have shown that baicalin is protective in ischemic cerebral diseases. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of baicalin on brain injury in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and to explore the possible mechanisms. Intracerebral hemorrhage was induced in male Wistar rats by injection of 0.5 U collagenaseVII to the caudate nucleus. Sham operation rats were injected with equal volume of saline. After the induction of ICH, the rats were randomly divided into four groups and administered with different dose of baicalin (0, 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg in saline) through peritoneal injection. The brain tissues around the hemorrhage areas were collected on days 1, 3, and 5 after treatment. Brain edema was analyzed by desiccation method; the metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein and mRNA expression were determined by western blotting and real time RT-PCR, respectively. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) protein expression was analyzed by western blotting. IL-1β and IL-6 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood-brain barrier permeability was determined by Evans blue leakage method. The results showed that baicalin reduced brain edema following ICH in a dose-dependent manner, with concomitant inhibition of NF-κB activation and suppression of MMP-9 expression. In addition, baicalin also reduced IL-1β and IL-6 production, as well as blood-brain barrier permeability. The above results indicated that baicalin prevents against perihematomal edema development after intracerebral hemorrhage possibly through an anti-inflammatory mechanism.
authors: Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China.
authors: Qing-Bo
authors: QB
authors: Zhou
authors: Yun-Ling
authors: YL
authors: Jin
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Jia
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Lu-Yang
authors: LY
authors: Li
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Liu
authors: Yuan-Tao
authors: YT
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D003012:Microbial Collagenase; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D031363:Scutellaria / Q000378:metabolism; D031364:Scutellaria baicalensis
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C499814:Scutellaria baicalensis extract; C038044:baicalin; C533954:collagenase VII-S, Clostridium histolyticum; D003012:Microbial Collagenase; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
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