title: PGP 9.5 immunocytochemical staining for pancreatic endocrine tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) is a marker for neuroendocrine cells but has not been used for pancreatic islet cells and pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs). Antibodies for PGP 9.5 are now commercially available for immunocytochemical study, with which immunostaining may be able to differentiate between benign and malignant PETs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 4 kinds of normal islet cells were positively immunostained for PGP 9.5-moderately positive for β-cells and strongly positive for δ-cells, whereas ganglion cells were immunostained more strongly than islet cells. Nine of 12 insulinomas were moderately to strongly positive for PGP 9.5. Two glucagonomas, 3 of 6 pancreatic polypeptidomas (PPomas), 3 of 9 gastrinomas, and 2 of 4 non-functioning PETs were negative for PGP 9.5.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four PETs were immunocytochemically stained for PGP 9.5 using a rabbit polyclonal antibody together with immunostaining for 4 pancreatic hormones, chromogranin A (CgA), and gastrin. PETs consisted of 12 insulinomas, 2 glucagonomas, 1 somatostatinoma (SRIFoma), 6 PPomas, 9 gastrinomas, and 4 non-functioning PETs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PGP 9.5 immunostaining was universally positive for 4 kinds of islet cells and was moderately to strongly positive for 9 of 12 (75%) insulinomas. All 22 non-β-cell PETs were negative or weakly positive for PGP 9.5, and thus negative or weakly positive PGP 9.5 immunostaining may be used as a marker for potential malignancy and poor prognosis for non-β-cell PETs.
authors: Departments of Integrative Biosciences and Pathology; Oregon National Primate Center; Oregon Health and Science University; Portland, OR USA.
authors: Tatsuo
authors: T
authors: Tomita
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D005724:Ganglia / Q000378:metabolism; D050416:Glucagon-Secreting Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007340:Insulinoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D055099:Neuroendocrine Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010179:Pancreas / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C482860:UCHL1 protein, human; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase
keywords: PGP9.5; insulinomas; pancreatic endocrine tumors; pancreatic islets
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