title: Short communication: a comparison of 2 nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs following the first stage of a 2-stage fistulation surgery in dry dairy cows.
abstract: Postoperative pain and its management following fistulation surgery in cattle are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to compare 2 nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) as potential postoperative pain management treatments following the first stage of a 2-stage fistulation surgery. A randomized complete block design trial was conducted in dry Holstein cows (n=10) following fistulation surgery. Ketoprofen (3mg/kg of body weight i.m.) was administered on the day of surgery and 24 h later, whereas meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg of body weight s.c.) was administered once only on the day of surgery. Outcomes evaluated at 0, 2, 9, 24, 26, and 33 h postsurgery were heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, and infrared temperature around the surgical site. Outcomes evaluated on the day of surgery and d 1 following surgery and compared with the average for the 4d before surgery were lying activity (total lying time, total time spent lying on the left side, and percentage of time lying on the left side) and feed intake. A difference was observed in dry matter intake on d 1 but this effect was not different on d 0 compared with presurgical averages. A difference was observed in time spent lying on the left side and a difference was observed in heart rate following the first stage of fistulation surgery compared with presurgical averages. The infrared temperature readings around the surgical site were significantly greater in the hours following surgery compared with presurgical averages. The respiration rate increased over time after 24h postsurgery compared with presurgical values. Although it was clear that the surgery is painful, the drug effects were more difficult to explain. On d 0 and 1, the meloxicam-treated cows ate 3 kg more but spent 101 min/d less time lying on their left side compared with ketoprofen-treated cows. The first stage of a 2-stage fistulation surgery was considered painful based on changes in heart rate, respiration rate, infrared temperature readings, dry matter intake, and time spent lying on the left side. It is clear that left flank surgery is painful and that NSAID can improve outcomes associated with that pain, but we cannot make recommendations as to which NSAID to choose based on these results.
authors: Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
authors: Nathalie C
authors: NC
authors: Newby
authors: Cassandra B
authors: CB
authors: Tucker
authors: David L
authors: DL
authors: Pearl
authors: Stephen J
authors: SJ
authors: LeBlanc
authors: Ken E
authors: KE
authors: Leslie
authors: Marina A G
authors: MA
authors: von Keyserlingk
authors: Todd F
authors: TF
authors: Duffield
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002417:Cattle; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077239:Meloxicam; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D012417:Rumen / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D013696:Temperature; D013843:Thiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D007660:Ketoprofen; D000077239:Meloxicam
keywords: ketoprofen; meloxicam; pain; welfare