title: The nitrate transporter (NRT) gene family in poplar.
abstract: Nitrate is an important nutrient required for plant growth. It also acts as a signal regulating plant development. Nitrate is actively taken up and transported by nitrate transporters (NRT), which form a large family with many members and distinct functions. In contrast to Arabidopsis and rice there is little information about the NRT family in woody plants such as Populus. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the Populus NRT family was performed. Sixty-eight PtNRT1/PTR, 6 PtNRT2, and 5 PtNRT3 genes were identified in the P. trichocarpa genome. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the genes of the NRT family are divided into three clades: NRT1/PTR with four subclades, NRT2, and NRT3. Topological analysis indicated that all members of PtNRT1/PTR and PtNRT2 have 8 to 12 trans-membrane domains, whereas the PtNRT3 proteins have no or up to two trans-membrane domains. Four PtNRT3 members were predicted as secreted proteins. Microarray analyses revealed tissue-specific expression patterns of PtNRT genes with distinct clusters of NRTs for roots, for the elongation zone of the apical stem segment and the developing xylem and a further cluster for leaves, bark and wood. A comparison of different poplar species (P. trichocarpa, P. tremula, P. euphratica, P. fremontii x P. angustifolia, and P. x canescens) showed that the tissue-specific patterns of the NRT genes varied to some extent with species. Bioinformatic analysis of putative cis-regulatory elements in the promoter regions of PtNRT family retrieved motifs suggesting the regulation of the NRT genes by N metabolism, by energy and carbon metabolism, and by phytohormones and stress. Multivariate analysis suggested that the combination and abundance of motifs in distinct promoters may lead to tissue-specificity. Our genome wide analysis of the PtNRT genes provides a valuable basis for functional analysis towards understanding the role of nitrate transporters for tree growth.
authors: Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors: Hua
authors: H
authors: Bai
authors: Dejuan
authors: D
authors: Euring
authors: Katharina
authors: K
authors: Volmer
authors: Dennis
authors: D
authors: Janz
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Polle
mesh_terms: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005810:Multigene Family; D000091285:Nitrate Transporters; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010802:Phylogeny; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D032107:Populus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D059467:Transcriptome; D014934:Wood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D000091285:Nitrate Transporters; D010940:Plant Proteins
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