title: Monitoring and meta-metacognition in the own-race bias.
abstract: Although there is a great deal of research focused on identification issues related to own-versus other-race faces very few experiments have explored whether metacognitive monitoring contributes to the own-race bias. In the current experiment the typical own-race bias paradigm was modified so that type-2 signal detection measures (e.g. Higham & Arnold, 2007a,b) could be used to directly measure metacognitive monitoring at retrieval. A second goal of the experiment was to explore whether self-reported confidence ratings differed depending on whether they were directed at answer accuracy (e.g., judging a face as "studied") versus at decisions about that answer (e.g., volunteering vs. withholding that answer). Overall the results demonstrated that monitoring does contribute to the own-race bias, in that participants were better at monitoring their memory for own-race faces. Further, there was a significant difference between the two confidence measures, and the pattern of this difference depended on whether responses had been volunteered or withheld.
authors: School of Psychology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. Electronic address: michelle.arnold@flinders.edu.au.
authors: Michelle M
authors: MM
authors: Arnold
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004644:Emotions; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000523:psychology*; D012649:Self Concept; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: 2340; 2343; 3040; Confidence; Meta-metacognition; Monitoring; Own-race bias; Strategic regulation of accuracy