title: Matrix metalloproteinase levels in early HIV infection and relation to in vivo brain status.
abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurological injury; however, this relationship has not been studied early in infection. Plasma levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, and MMP-10 measured using Luminex technology (Austin, TX, USA) were compared in 52 HIV and 21 seronegative participants of the Chicago Early HIV Infection study. MMP levels were also examined in HIV subgroups defined by antibody reactivity, viremia, and antiretroviral status, as well as in available cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (n = 9). MMPs were evaluated for patterns of relationship to cognitive function and to quantitative magnetic resonance measurements of the brain derived in vivo. Plasma MMP-2 levels were significantly reduced in early HIV infection and correlated with altered white matter integrity and atrophic brain changes. MMP-9 levels were higher in the treated subgroup than in the naïve HIV subgroup. Only MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected in the CSF; CSF MMP-2 correlated with white matter integrity and with volumetric changes in basal ganglia. Relationships with cognitive function were also identified. MMP-2 levels in plasma and in CSF correspond to early changes in brain structure and function. These findings establish a link between MMPs and neurological status previously unidentified in early HIV infection.
authors: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
authors: Suyang
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wu
authors: Sheila M
authors: SM
authors: Keating
authors: Hongyan
authors: H
authors: Du
authors: Christina L
authors: CL
authors: Sammet
authors: Cindy
authors: C
authors: Zadikoff
authors: Riti
authors: R
authors: Mahadevia
authors: Leon G
authors: LG
authors: Epstein
authors: Ann B
authors: AB
authors: Ragin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D053506:Matrix Metalloproteinase 10 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053506:Matrix Metalloproteinase 10; C060932:MMP7 protein, human; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
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