title: Targeted destruction of fungal structures of Erysiphe trifoliorum on flat leaf surfaces of Marchantia polymorpha.
abstract: In this study, we observed the germination behaviour of airborne conidia from powdery mildews that settle on thalloid surfaces. We inoculated thalli (flat, sheet-like leaf tissues) and gemmae (small, flat, sheet-like leaf tissues that propagate asexually via bud-like structures) of the common liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha) with conidia from tomato powdery mildew (Oidium neolycopersici; KTP-02) and red clover powdery mildew (Erysiphe trifoliorum; KRCP-4N) and examined their germination and subsequent appressorium formation under a high-fidelity digital microscope. Conidial bodies and germ tubes of the inoculated KRCP-4N conidia were destroyed on both the thalli and gemmae. The destruction of these fungal structures was observed only for KRCP-4N conidia inoculated onto M. polymorpha on both leaf surfaces. No differences in destruction of the KRCP-4N fungal structures between thalli and gemmae were observed. At 4 h post-inoculation, destruction of the germ tube tip was observed when it reached the gemmae leaf surface. At 6 h post-inoculation, the conidial bodies and germ tubes were destroyed. In contrast, KTP-02 conidia were not destroyed and formed normal, well-lobed appressoria on the surface of M. polymorpha gemmae.
authors: Plant Center, Institute of Advanced Technology, Kinki University, Wakayama, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Takikawa
authors: Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nara, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Senga
authors: Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nara, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Nonomura
authors: Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nara, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Matsuda
authors: Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kakutani
authors: Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nara, Japan.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Toyoda
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018525:Germination; D047008:Marchantia / Q000382:microbiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology*
keywords: Fungal structure destruction; liverwort; red clover powdery mildew; thallus surface