title: Development of longitudinal smooth muscle in the posterior mesenteric artery and purinergic regulation of its contractile responses in chickens.
abstract: This study was designed to clarify development and the neural regulation of longitudinal smooth muscle in the chicken posterior mesenteric artery to generate new hypotheses for the roles of arterial longitudinal muscles. The existence of longitudinal muscles was examined with hematoxylin-eosin staining. A well-developed longitudinal muscle layer exists in the posterior mesenteric artery of adult female chickens but not adult male chickens. The muscle layer is poorly developed in chickens aged < 15 weeks, even in female chickens. Mechanical responses of muscles were recorded and perivascular nerves were stimulated by electrical field stimulation (EFS). EFS induced monophasic contractions in longitudinal muscle of the posterior mesenteric artery segment, and those responses were inhibited by pretreatment with tetrodotoxin. Blockers for cholinoceptors and adrenoceptors did not affect EFS-evoked contractions but an antagonist for P2X purinoceptors blocked them. The present study demonstrated that the longitudinal muscle in the posterior mesenteric artery of the domestic fowl develops between the 5th and 15th week of life, suggesting that its development is involved in oviposition. The longitudinal muscle might have a role in resisting extensional stress from the oviduct containing eggs. Moreover, the arterial longitudinal muscle is regulated by purinergic neurons via P2X purinoceptors.
authors: Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Basic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
authors: Takahiko
authors: T
authors: Shiina
authors: Masato
authors: M
authors: Koga
authors: Shouichiro
authors: S
authors: Saito
authors: Yasuro
authors: Y
authors: Atoji
authors: Tadashi
authors: T
authors: Takewaki
authors: Yasutake
authors: Y
authors: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D018674:Adrenergic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D024510:Muscle Development; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000294:innervation; D058920:Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D058469:Receptors, Purinergic P2X / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014661:Vasoconstriction
chemical_list: D018674:Adrenergic Antagonists; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D058920:Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D058469:Receptors, Purinergic P2X
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