title: Urinary apolipoprotein M could be used as a biomarker of acute renal injury: an ischemia-reperfusion injury model of kidney in rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been well documented that apolipoprotein M (apoM) is principally expressed in hepatocytes as well as renal tubular epithelial cells. The importance of apoM in the kidney is unknown. In the present study we examined urinary any apoM after short-term ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of kidney in a rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The kidneys of 11 male Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered ischemic for 45 minutes followed by different intervals of reperfusion. Serum and urine apoM concentrations were determined using a dot-blot analysis with specific rabbit anti-human apoM antibodies that cross-react with rat apoM. Serum concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) were determined using standard clinical automated analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BUN was significantly elevated after 45 minutes of ischemia followed by 24 hours of reperfusion; serum Cr concentrations were also significantly increased at 6 and 24 hours of reperfusion. Interestingly, similar to BUN and Cr, serum apoM concentrations were significantly increased after ischemia for 45 minutes alone and after 2 hours of reperfusion. Urinary apoM concentrations were obviously increased after 2 h as well as 6 hours of reperfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  apoM showed characteristics of an acute-phase reactive protein; its occurrence in urine may be considered to be a biomarker of acute renal injury.
authors: Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou, China.
authors: X-L
authors: XL
authors: Xu
authors: Q-Y
authors: QY
authors: Mao
authors: G-H
authors: GH
authors: Luo
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Nilsson-Ehle
authors: X-Z
authors: XZ
authors: He
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Xu
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine*; D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000652:urine*; D000818:Animals; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D000075243:Apolipoproteins M; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D000075243:Apolipoproteins M; C521701:Apom protein, rat; D015415:Biomarkers; D054834:Lipocalins; D003404:Creatinine