title: Brain-expressed imprinted genes and adult behaviour: the example of Nesp and Grb10.
abstract: Imprinted genes are defined by their parent-of-origin-specific monoallelic expression. Although the epigenetic mechanisms regulating imprinted gene expression have been widely studied, their functional importance is still unclear. Imprinted genes are associated with a number of physiologies, including placental function and foetal growth, energy homeostasis, and brain and behaviour. This review focuses on genomic imprinting in the brain and on two imprinted genes in particular, Nesp and paternal Grb10, which, when manipulated in animals, have been shown to influence adult behaviour. These two genes are of particular interest as they are expressed in discrete and overlapping neural regions, recognised as key "imprinting hot spots" in the brain. Furthermore, these two genes do not appear to influence placental function and/or maternal provisioning of offspring. Consequently, by understanding their behavioural function we may begin to shed light on the evolutionary significance of imprinted genes in the adult brain, independent of the recognised role in maternal care. In addition, we discuss the potential future directions of research investigating the function of these two genes and the behavioural role of imprinted genes more generally.
authors: Behavioural Genetics Group, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
authors: Claire L
authors: CL
authors: Dent
authors: Anthony R
authors: AR
authors: Isles
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D051383:GRB10 Adaptor Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D005824:Genetics, Behavioral; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D051383:GRB10 Adaptor Protein; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs
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