title: Rationally designed nanovehicles to overcome cancer chemoresistance.
abstract: Drug resistance is a primary hindrance towards curative cancer chemotherapy. Nanotechnology holds great promise in establishing efficacious and innovative strategies to overcome chemoresistance, and markedly facilitate complementary treatments and cancer diagnostics. Various nanomedical devices are being introduced and evaluated, demonstrating encouraging results. While stealth liposomes serve as a benchmark, astonishing progress is witnessed in polymeric nanovehicles, sometimes combined with low molecular weight surfactants, some of which inhibit drug resistance in addition to solubilizing drugs. Cutting edge multifunctional or quadrugnostic nanoparticles currently developed offer simultaneous targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics and chemosensitizers or drug-resistance gene silencing cargo, along with diagnostic imaging agents, like metallic NPs. Viral and cellular components offer exciting new routes for cancer targeting and treatment. Targeting intracellular compartments is another challenging frontier spawning pioneering approaches and results. To further enhance rational design of nanomedicine for overcoming drug resistance, we review the latest thoughts and accomplishments in recent literature.
authors: Laboratory of Biopolymers and Food-Nanotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200000, Israel; Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200000, Israel. Electronic address: livney@technion.ac.il.
authors: Yoav D
authors: YD
authors: Livney
authors: Yehuda G
authors: YG
authors: Assaraf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D015195:Drug Design; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008024:Ligands
keywords: Cancer; Diagnostic imaging; MDR; Multifunctional nanovehicles; Nanomedicine; Overcoming drug resistance; Polymeric nanoparticles; Quadrugnostic; Theranostic