title: Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of norovirus GII.4 Sydney during winter 2012-13 in Beijing, China following its global emergence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited information is available on the molecular epidemiology of GII.4 Sydney-associated diarrhea in China in the winter of 2012-13 during the global epidemic associated with the emergence of GII.4 Sydney.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fecal specimens collected from 171 diarrhea outpatients (one from each) between late October 2012 and the middle of March 2013 were examined for NoV by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and sequences corresponding to both the NoV partial polymerase and partial capsid regions were analyzed phylogenetically. Clinical characteristics of GII.4 Sydney cases versus other NoV-positive cases detected in a previous study were compared statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six (15.2%, 26/171) outpatients with diarrhea were infected with NoV. Twenty-two of the 26 (84.6%) identified NoV strains clustered into GII.4 Sydney. There was a significant difference in symptoms of fever (χ(2), P<0.05 ), abdominal pain (χ(2), P<0.05 ) and diarrhea frequency (Mann-Whitney U test, P<0.05) between the GII.4 Sydney case group and other NoV-positive case group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new NoV variant, GII.4 Sydney, has been circulating in Beijing, China and became the predominant strain in the winter of 2012-13. GII.4 Sydney causes severe fever, abdominal pain and higher diarrhea frequency clinically compared to other NoV infections.
authors: Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Huan
authors: H
authors: Mai
authors: Miao
authors: M
authors: Jin
authors: Xiaolin
authors: X
authors: Guo
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Liu
authors: Xu
authors: X
authors: Cong
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Gao
authors: Lai
authors: L
authors: Wei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D002213:Capsid; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D029322:Norovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D010045:Outpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D058873:Pandemics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012621:Seasons; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
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