title: Processes linking parents' and adolescents' religiousness and adolescent substance use: monitoring and self-control.
abstract: Empirical evidence suggests that religiousness is related negatively to adolescent substance use; yet, we know little about how such protective effects might occur. The current study examined whether parents' and adolescents' religiousness are associated positively with parental, religious, and self-monitoring, which in turn are related to higher self-control, thereby related to lower adolescent substance use. Participants were 220 adolescents (45 % female) who were interviewed at ages 10-16 and again 2.4 years later. Structural equation modeling analyses suggested that higher adolescents' religiousness at Time 1 was related to lower substance use at Time 2 indirectly through religious monitoring, self-monitoring, and self-control. Higher parents' religiousness at Time 1 was associated with higher parental monitoring at Time 2, which in turn was related to lower adolescent substance use at Time 2 directly and indirectly through higher adolescent self-control. The results illustrate that adolescents with high awareness of being monitored by God are likely to show high self-control abilities and, consequently, low substance use. The findings further suggest that adolescents' religiousness as well as their religious environments (e.g., familial context) can facilitate desirable developmental outcomes.
authors: Department of Psychology (MC 0436), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA, jungmeen@vt.edu.
authors: Jungmeen
authors: J
authors: Kim-Spoon
authors: Julee P
authors: JP
authors: Farley
authors: Christopher
authors: C
authors: Holmes
authors: Gregory S
authors: GS
authors: Longo
authors: Michael E
authors: ME
authors: McCullough
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012931:Social Environment; D012951:Socialization; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014768:Virginia
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