title: Reconciling the effects of inflammatory cytokines on mesenchymal cell osteogenic differentiation.
abstract: Therapies using mesenchymal stem cells are a popular current avenue for development and utilization, especially in the fields of de novo tissue engineering (Sanchez-Ramos J, Song S, Cardozo-Pelaez F, et al. Adult bone marrow stromal cells differentiate into neural cells in vitro. Exp Neurol 2000;164:247.) or tissue regeneration after physical injury (Kitoh H, Kitakoji T, Tsuchiya H, et al. Transplantation of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and platelet-rich plasma during distraction osteogenesis-a preliminary result of three cases. Bone 2004;35:892; Shumakov VI, Onishchenko NA, Rasulov MF, Krasheninnikov ME, Zaidenov VA. Mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells more effectively stimulate regeneration of deep burn wounds than embryonic fibroblasts. Bull Exp Biol Med 2003;136:192; Bruder SP, Fink DJ, Caplan AI. Mesenchymal stem cells in bone development, bone repair, and skeletal regeneration therapy. J Cell Biochem 1994;56:283.). The osteogenic potential of these cells is of particular interest, given their recent usage for the closure of critical-sized bone defects and other nonhealing bone scenarios such as a nonunion. Recent literature suggests that inflammatory cytokines can significantly impact the osteogenic potential of these cells. A review of relevant, recent literature is presented regarding the impact of the inflammatory cascade on the osteogenic differentiation of these cells and how this varies across species. Finally, we identify areas of conflicting or absent evidence regarding the behavior of mesenchymal stem cells in response to inflammatory cytokines.
authors: Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors: Sagar
authors: S
authors: Deshpande
authors: Aaron W
authors: AW
authors: James
authors: Jordan
authors: J
authors: Blough
authors: Alexis
authors: A
authors: Donneys
authors: Stewart C
authors: SC
authors: Wang
authors: Paul S
authors: PS
authors: Cederna
authors: Steven R
authors: SR
authors: Buchman
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Levi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Adipose-derived stromal cell; Inflammation; Mesenchymal cell
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