title: Alternative Measures of Self-Rated Health for Predicting Mortality Among Older People: Is Past or Future Orientation More Important?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the prognostic validity of alternative measures of health ratings, including those that tap temporal reflections, on adult mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study uses a national sample of 1,266 Americans 50-74 years old in 1995, with vital status tracked through 2005, to compare the effect of 3 types of health ratings on mortality: conventional indicator of self-rated health (SRH), age comparison form of SRH, and health ratings that incorporate temporal dimensions. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of mortality associated with alternative health ratings while adjusting for health conditions, lifestyle factors, and status characteristics and resources.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Self-rated health was a consistent predictor of mortality, but the respondent's expected health rating-10 years in the future-was an independent predictor. Future health expectations were more important than past (recalled change) in predicting mortality risk: People with more negative expectations of future health were less likely to survive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings reveal the importance of future time perspective for older people and suggest that it is more useful to query older people about their future health expectations than about how their health has changed.
authors: Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. ferraro@purdue.edu.
authors: Kenneth F
authors: KF
authors: Ferraro
authors: Department of Sociology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas.
authors: Lindsay R
authors: LR
authors: Wilkinson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends*; D013995:Time; D014481:United States
keywords: Self-assessed health; Survival; Time orientation
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