title: Effect of a textured insole on balance and gait symmetry.
abstract: Asymmetry of standing balance and gait is common in individuals with neurological disorders, and achieving symmetrical stance and gait is an important goal of rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a novel discomfort-induced approach (that is based on using a single textured insole) on the alteration in the symmetry of gait and balance. Eleven healthy subjects (6 females and 5 males, mean age of 28.0 ± 4.1 years) were tested using the Computerized Dynamic Posturography and GaitRite systems when standing or walking while wearing standard footwear with the textured insole positioned either in the left or in the right shoe, and without the insole. Significant immediate effect of the textured insole was seen in the outcome measures of static (weight bearing) and dynamic (weight symmetry index, strength symmetry) balance tests (p < 0.05) as well as in gait symmetry (single support and swing phases) (p < 0.05). The results of the study indicate that a textured insole can significantly modify the symmetry of stance and gait in healthy individuals. Pilot data from individuals with stroke also showed a reduction in the asymmetry of gait when walking with the single textured insole in the shoe on the unaffected side. This outcome provides support for future studies on the efficacy of the textured insole in minimizing asymmetry of gait and posture in individuals in need.
authors: Department of Physical Therapy (MC 898), University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA, aaruin@uic.edu.
authors: Alexander S
authors: AS
authors: Aruin
authors: Neeta
authors: N
authors: Kanekar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength; D009989:Orthotic Devices; D010865:Pilot Projects; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D012775:Shoes; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
references: Gait Posture. 2010 Feb;31(2):241-6
references: 19932621
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007 Jan;88(1):115-9
references: 17207686
references: Int Disabil Stud. 1991 Jan-Mar;13(1):1-4
references: 1917796
references: J Rehabil Res Dev. 2000 Jan-Feb;37(1):65-72
references: 10847573
references: J Foot Ankle Res. 2012 Apr 30;5:11
references: 22546376
references: Orthopedics. 1978 Jul-Aug;1(4):307-10
references: 733195
references: Phys Ther. 2012 May;92(5):748-56
references: 22228605
references: Gait Posture. 2012 Apr;35(4):630-5
references: 22245163
references: Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996 Dec;(333):172-80
references: 8981893
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Jul;78(7):719-24
references: 9228874
references: Gait Posture. 2011 May;34(1):65-70
references: 21478017
references: J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2009 Oct;19(5):957-64
references: 18565764
references: Foot Ankle Int. 2009 Jan;30(1):51-6
references: 19176186
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Aug;86(8):1552-6
references: 16084807
references: Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2003 Jun;82(6):463-9; quiz 470-2, 484
references: 12820790
references: J Rehabil Res Dev. 1995 Oct;32(3):236-44
references: 8592295
references: Gait Posture. 2003 Feb;17(1):68-74
references: 12535728
references: Phys Ther. 1991 Nov;71(11):791-803
references: 1946617
references: Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 1997 Dec;26(12):852-6
references: 9413588
references: J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2005 Oct;15(5):496-506
references: 15935961
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1995 Jan;76(1):77-81
references: 7811180
references: Top Stroke Rehabil. 2012 Nov-Dec;19(6):556-63
references: 23192720
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008 Feb;89(2):304-10
references: 18226655
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Feb;85(2):268-73
references: 14966712
references: Gait Posture. 2013 Jul;38(3):385-90
references: 23333355
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000 Nov;81(11):1498-503
references: 11083355
references: Gait Posture. 2011 Jan;33(1):61-5
references: 20961763
references: ISRN Rehabil. 2012 May 1;2012:
references: 25530888
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002 Apr;83(4):478-82
references: 11932848
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003 Aug;84(8):1185-93
references: 12917858
references: Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2006 Oct;74(1):48-56
references: 16631273
references: Gait Posture. 2010 May;32(1):67-71
references: 20400312
references: J Sport Rehabil. 2007 Nov;16(4):363-72
references: 18246902
references: Age (Dordr). 2008 Mar;30(1):53-61
references: 19424873
references: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1983 Dec;64(12):583-7
references: 6661021
references: J Appl Biomech. 2014 Feb;30(1):31-6
references: 23677889
references: J Neurol Sci. 1997 Oct 22;151(2):207-12
references: 9349677
references: J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1987 Aug;10(4):172-6
references: 2958572
references: Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1983 Sep;8(6):643-51
references: 6228021