title: Swiprosin-1 is a novel actin bundling protein that regulates cell spreading and migration.
abstract: Protein functions are often revealed by their localization to specialized cellular sites. Recent reports demonstrated that swiprosin-1 is found together with actin and actin-binding proteins in the cytoskeleton fraction of human mast cells and NK-like cells. However, direct evidence of whether swiprosin-1 regulates actin dynamics is currently lacking. We found that swiprosin-1 localizes to microvilli-like membrane protrusions and lamellipodia and exhibits actin-binding activity. Overexpression of swiprosin-1 enhanced lamellipodia formation and cell spreading. In contrast, swiprosin-1 knockdown showed reduced cell spreading and migration. Swiprosin-1 induced actin bundling in the presence of Ca(2+), and deletion of the EF-hand motifs partially reduced bundling activity. Swiprosin-1 dimerized in the presence of Ca(2+) via its coiled-coil domain, and a lysine (Lys)-rich region in the coiled-coil domain was essential for regulation of actin bundling. Consistent with these observations, mutations of the EF-hand motifs and coiled-coil region significantly reduced cell spreading and lamellipodia formation. We provide new evidence of how swiprosin-1 influences cytoskeleton reorganization and cell spreading.
authors: School of Life Sciences, Immune Synapse Research Center and Cell Dynamics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea.
authors: Min-Sung
authors: MS
authors: Kwon
authors: Kyoung Ryoung
authors: KR
authors: Park
authors: Young-Dae
authors: YD
authors: Kim
authors: Bo-Ra
authors: BR
authors: Na
authors: Hye-Ran
authors: HR
authors: Kim
authors: Hak-Jong
authors: HJ
authors: Choi
authors: Indre
authors: I
authors: Piragyte
authors: Hyesung
authors: H
authors: Jeon
authors: Kyung Hwun
authors: KH
authors: Chung
authors: Woo Keun
authors: WK
authors: Song
authors: Soo Hyun
authors: SH
authors: Eom
authors: Chang-Duk
authors: CD
authors: Jun
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D020832:EF Hand Motifs; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000378:metabolism; D017384:Sequence Deletion
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C502299:EFHD2 protein, human; D008239:Lysine; D002118:Calcium
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