title: FOXM1 is lower in human fetal membranes after spontaneous preterm labour and delivery.
abstract: Spontaneous preterm birth is usually associated with infection, inflammation or both. Forkhead box (FOX) M1 (FOXM1), a member of the FOX family of transcription factors, has been associated with inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine whether FOXM1 regulates the expression and release of pro-labour mediators in human gestational tissues. FOXM1 mRNA and protein expression were determined in fetal membranes from women at (1) preterm no labour: Caesarean section with no labour and (2) preterm labour: after spontaneous labour and delivery. Primary amnion cells were utilised to investigate the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing of FOXM1 on pro-labour mediators. Spontaneous preterm labour decreased FOXM1 gene and nuclear protein expression. FOXM1 silencing in primary amnion cells increased interleukin (IL)-1β-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression and secretion), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression and subsequent prostaglandin (PG)E2 and PGF2α release as well as gene expression and secretion of the matrix-degrading enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). In conclusion, spontaneous preterm labour is associated with decreased FOXM1 expression in fetal membranes.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia.
authors: Ratana
authors: R
authors: Lim
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia.
authors: Gillian
authors: G
authors: Barker
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia.
authors: Martha
authors: M
authors: Lappas
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D000072278:Forkhead Box Protein M1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
chemical_list: C107585:FOXM1 protein, human; D000072278:Forkhead Box Protein M1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D015237:Dinoprost; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D015232:Dinoprostone