title: Comorbidity of common mental disorders with cancer and their treatment gap: findings from the World Mental Health Surveys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to study the comorbidity of common mental disorders (CMDs) and cancer, and the mental health treatment gap among community residents with active cancer, cancer survivors and cancer-free respondents in 13 high-income and 11 low-middle-income countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were derived from the World Mental Health Surveys (N = 66,387; n = 357 active cancer, n = 1373 cancer survivors, n = 64,657 cancer-free respondents). The World Health Organization/Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used in all surveys to estimate CMDs prevalence rates. Respondents were also asked about mental health service utilization in the preceding 12 months. Cancer status was ascertained by self-report of physician's diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve-month prevalence rates of CMDs were higher among active cancer (18.4%, SE = 2.1) than cancer-free respondents (13.3%, SE = 0.2) adjusted for sociodemographic confounders and other lifetime chronic conditions (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.44, 95% CI 1.05-1.97). CMD rates among cancer survivors (14.6%, SE = 0.9) compared with cancer-free respondents did not differ significantly (AOR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.82-1.11). Similar patterns characterized high-income and low-middle-income countries. Of respondents with active cancer who had CMD in the preceding 12 months, 59% sought services for mental health problems (SE = 5.3). The pattern of service utilization among people with CMDs by cancer status (highest among persons with active cancer, lower among survivors and lowest among cancer-free respondents) was similar in high-income (64.0%, SE = 6.0; 41.2%, SE = 3.0; 35.6%, SE = 0.6) and low-middle-income countries (46.4%, SE = 11.0; 22.5%, SE = 9.1; 17.4%, SE = 0.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Community respondents with active cancer have higher CMD rates and high treatment gap. Comprehensive cancer care should consider both factors.
authors: School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel.
authors: Ora
authors: O
authors: Nakash
authors: Itzhak
authors: I
authors: Levav
authors: Sergio
authors: S
authors: Aguilar-Gaxiola
authors: Jordi
authors: J
authors: Alonso
authors: Laura Helena
authors: LH
authors: Andrade
authors: Matthias C
authors: MC
authors: Angermeyer
authors: Ronny
authors: R
authors: Bruffaerts
authors: Jose Miguel
authors: JM
authors: Caldas-de-Almeida
authors: Slivia
authors: S
authors: Florescu
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: de Girolamo
authors: Oye
authors: O
authors: Gureje
authors: Yanling
authors: Y
authors: He
authors: Chiyi
authors: C
authors: Hu
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: de Jonge
authors: Elie G
authors: EG
authors: Karam
authors: Viviane
authors: V
authors: Kovess-Masfety
authors: Maria Elena
authors: ME
authors: Medina-Mora
authors: Jacek
authors: J
authors: Moskalewicz
authors: Sam
authors: S
authors: Murphy
authors: Yosikazu
authors: Y
authors: Nakamura
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Piazza
authors: Jose
authors: J
authors: Posada-Villa
authors: Dan J
authors: DJ
authors: Stein
authors: Nezar Ismet
authors: NI
authors: Taib
authors: Zahari
authors: Z
authors: Zarkov
authors: Ronald C
authors: RC
authors: Kessler
authors: Kate M
authors: KM
authors: Scott
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D019049:Developed Countries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: World Mental Health Surveys; cancer; epidemiology; mental health; oncology; treatment gap
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