title: Hydroxysafflor yellow A improves learning and memory in a rat model of vascular dementia by increasing VEGF and NR1 in the hippocampus.
abstract: Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has angiogenesis-regulating and neuro-protective effects, but its effects on vascular dementia (VaD) are unknown. In this study, 30 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to five groups: normal, sham-operation, VaD alone (bilateral carotid artery occlusion), VaD plus saline (control), and VaD plus HSYA. One week after operation, the HSYA group received one daily tail-vein injection of 0.6 mg/100 g HSYA for two weeks. Five weeks after operation, the spatial memory of all five groups was evaluated by the water maze task, and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus was assessed by the long-term potentiation (LTP) method. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and N-methyl-Daspartic acid receptor 1 (NR1) expression in the hippocampus was detected via Western blot. We found that, compared with the group with VaD alone, the group with HSYA had a reduced escape latency in the water maze (P < 0.05), and the LTP at CA3-CA1 synapses in the hippocampus was enhanced (P < 0.05). Western blot in the late-phase VaD group showed slight up-regulation of VEGF and downregulation of NR1 in the hippocampus, while HSYA significantly up-regulated both VEGF and NR1. These results suggested that HSYA promotes angiogenesis and increases synaptic plasticity, thus improving spatial learning and memory in the rat model of VaD.
authors: Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
authors: Nan
authors: N
authors: Zhang
authors: Mengya
authors: M
authors: Xing
authors: Yiyi
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Hao
authors: H
authors: Liang
authors: Zhuo
authors: Z
authors: Yang
authors: Fudong
authors: F
authors: Shi
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000150:complications; D002599:Chalcone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D011809:Quinones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C409466:NR1 NMDA receptor; D011809:Quinones; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C085278:hydroxysafflor yellow A; D002599:Chalcone
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