title: Iatrogenic genetic damage of spermatozoa.
abstract: Various factors that negatively influence male fertility can affect sperm morphology and physiology. Many studies on humans and animals suggest that both radiation and chemotherapy alter the sperm chromatin, inducing significant damage to sperm DNA, and decrease the level of protamination, thereby altering DNA compaction. Spermatozoa from cancer survivors are affected by chemotherapy even years after the end of treatment. We are exposed to various toxicants present in the environment (e.g., products of air pollution, pesticides, and plasticizers) whose impact on human male reproduction has not yet been established.This chapter aims to update our knowledge on how the sperm chromatin structure is modified by external agents and to describe the different strategies available to better study this complex structure in infertile men.
authors: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University and the Research Institute- McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, room H6.46, 687 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec, H3A 1A1, Canada, cristian.oflaherty@mcgill.ca.
authors: Cristian
authors: C
authors: O'Flaherty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage; D004358:Drug Therapy; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000473:pathology; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy; D055101:Semen Analysis / Q000379:methods; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D004785:Environmental Pollutants
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