title: Effects of bacteriocins on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm.
abstract: Control of biofilms formed by microbial pathogens is an important subject for medical researchers, since the development of biofilms on foreign-body surfaces often causes biofilm-associated infections in patients with indwelling medical devices. The present study examined the effects of different kinds of bacteriocins, which are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by certain bacteria, on biofilms formed by a clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The activities and modes of action of three bacteriocins with different structures (nisin A, lacticin Q, and nukacin ISK-1) were evaluated. Vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic used in the treatment of MRSA infections, showed bactericidal activity against planktonic cells but not against biofilm cells. Among the tested bacteriocins, nisin A showed the highest bactericidal activity against both planktonic cells and biofilm cells. Lacticin Q also showed bactericidal activity against both planktonic cells and biofilm cells, but its activity against biofilm cells was significantly lower than that of nisin A. Nukacin ISK-1 showed bacteriostatic activity against planktonic cells and did not show bactericidal activity against biofilm cells. Mode-of-action studies indicated that pore formation leading to ATP efflux is important for the bactericidal activity against biofilm cells. Our results suggest that bacteriocins that form stable pores on biofilm cells are highly potent for the treatment of MRSA biofilm infections.
authors: Department of Bacteriology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Ken-ichi
authors: K
authors: Okuda
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Zendo
authors: Shinya
authors: S
authors: Sugimoto
authors: Tadayuki
authors: T
authors: Iwase
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Tajima
authors: Satomi
authors: S
authors: Yamada
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Sonomoto
authors: Yoshimitsu
authors: Y
authors: Mizunoe
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009561:Nisin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010933:Plankton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001430:Bacteriocins; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; C548356:lacticin Q, Lactococcus lactis; C421186:nukacin ISK-1; D009561:Nisin; D014640:Vancomycin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C102526:nisin A
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