title: Successful treatment of endoscopically unmanageable rectal varices by balloon-occluded antegrade transvenous sclerotherapy followed by microcoil embolization.
abstract: The present report describes two cases of endoscopically unmanageable rectal varices that were treated by balloon-occluded antegrade transvenous sclerotherapy (BATS) followed by microcoil embolization. Follow-up endoscopy confirmed eradication of the rectal varices. Balloon-occluded rectal venography showed stasis of contrast material and sclerosing agent for 30 minutes in both cases of rectal varices, which indicated that the inflow vessel was a single dilated superior rectal vein without other minor inflow vessels. BATS appears to be a feasible therapeutic option for the treatment of rectal varices of this hemodynamic type.
authors: Department of Radiology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayamashi, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan.
authors: Hiroki
authors: H
authors: Minamiguchi
authors: Nobuyuki
authors: N
authors: Kawai
authors: Morio
authors: M
authors: Sato
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Ikoma
authors: Hiroki
authors: H
authors: Sanda
authors: Kouhei
authors: K
authors: Nakata
authors: Takami
authors: T
authors: Tanaka
authors: Motoki
authors: M
authors: Nakai
authors: Tetsuo
authors: T
authors: Sonomura
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D021721:Balloon Occlusion / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D011859:Radiography; D012007:Rectum / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions
keywords: BATS; EOI; IMV; balloon-occluded antegrade transvenous sclerotherapy; ethanolamine oleate–iopamidol; inferior mesenteric vein