title: The Hybrid Aesthetic Functional (HAF) Appliance: A Less Visible Proposal for Functional Orthodontics.
abstract: In modern orthodontics, aesthetics appear to have a decisive influence on orthodontic appliance preferences and acceptability. This paper reports the early application of a newly emerged functional device with enhanced aesthetics in a Class II treatment. Patient perspectives and technical considerations are discussed along with recommendations for further design development. It can be assumed that the use of thermoplastic material-based appliances may meet both the therapeutic and aesthetic demands of young age groups.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1. Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors: Christos
authors: C
authors: Livas
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