title: Superiority of targeted neonatal echocardiography for umbilical venous catheter tip localization: accuracy of a clinician performance model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare targeted neonatal echocardiography (TnECHO) and antero-posterior (AP) chest radiographs in the localization of the umbilical venous catheter (UVC) tip and to determine the accuracy of UVC tip localization by TnECHO when performed by a trained cohort of pediatric housestaff physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, observational study of consecutive neonates requiring UVC insertion, in a tertiary care center, in an 18-month period. Chest radiographs reporting optimal position of the UVC tip were compared with the TnECHO results of the pediatric cardiologist. The latter was also compared with the results of TnECHO performed by the pediatric housestaff physicians.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty neonates with birth weight ranging between 270 and 4490 g and gestational age ranging between 24 and 44 weeks were enrolled. Nine patients (27%) required UVC tip repositioning as the cardiologist performed TnECHO revealed sub-optimal tip position despite optimal position on chest radiography. Among them, four had the UVC tip in the right atrium and five in the left atrium. Compared with the cardiologist, the housestaff physicians had reported TnECHO with a high-accuracy rate (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.81).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TnECHO is superior to chest radiography for identifying malpositioned catheters. TnECHO performed by pediatric housestaff physicians with basic training, demonstrated high-accuracy rates.
authors: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
authors: A S
authors: AS
authors: Pulickal
authors: P K
authors: PK
authors: Charlagorla
authors: S C
authors: SC
authors: Tume
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Chhabra
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Narula
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Nadroo
mesh_terms: D002309:Cardiology / Q000193:education; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000379:methods*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014472:Umbilicus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*