title: Bidirectional immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides purified from Pleurotus nebrodensis.
abstract: A novel Pleurotus nebrodensis polysaccharide (PN50G) was purified, characterized, and cultured with RAW264.7 macrophages to evaluate its bidirectional immunostimulating characteristics. PN50G was purified by using Sepharose 4B gel filtration; the molecular weight of PN50G was distributed at 2,000 kDa. The total protein and carbohydrate constituent ratios in PN50G were 2.6 ± 0.9 % and 92.4 ± 6.1 % (w/w), respectively, which suggests that PN50G may be a major proteo-polysaccharide component. The phagocytosis of macrophages was improved significantly, and remarkable changes were observed in the morphology of PN50G-treated cells. Compared with the control group, the productions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the macrophages as well as the messenger RNA expressions were strongly induced by PN50G. Pro-/anti-inflammatory (IL-6/IL-10, TNF-α/IL-10, NO/IL-10) cytokine secretion ratios by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were significantly decreased by PN50G treatments in a dose-dependent manner under an excessive immune experimental model. This study suggests that purified PN50G can improve immunity and suppress immune overactivity in LPS-induced macrophages in a preventive manner to coordinate innate immunity and inflammatory responses.
authors: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China, clw123@tust.edu.cn.
authors: Changlu
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Haiyan
authors: H
authors: Cui
authors: Yurong
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Zhifang
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Zhenjing
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Mianhua
authors: M
authors: Chen
authors: Fengjuan
authors: F
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D010873:Pinocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D020076:Pleurotus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D062610:Fungal Polysaccharides; C556062:IL10 protein, mouse; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C577686:interleukin-6, mouse; D016753:Interleukin-10; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
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