title: Implementation Interventions Used in Nursing Homes and Hospitals: A Descriptive, Comparative Study between Austria, Germany, and The Netherlands.
abstract: Translating guidelines into nursing practice remains a considerable challenge. Until now, little attention has been paid to which interventions are used in practice to implement guidelines on changing clinical nursing practice. This cross-sectional study determined the current ranges and rates of implementation-related interventions in Austria, Germany, and The Netherlands and explored possible differences between these countries. An online questionnaire based on the conceptual framework of implementation interventions (professional, organizational, financial, and regulatory) from the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care (EPOC) data collection checklist was used to gather data from nursing homes and hospitals. Provision of written materials is the most frequently used professional implementation intervention (85%), whereas changes in the patient record system rank foremost among organisational interventions (78%). Financial incentives for nurses are rarely used. More interventions were used in Austria and Germany than in The Netherlands (20.3/20.2/17.3). Professional interventions are used more frequently in Germany and financial interventions more frequently in The Netherlands. Implementation efforts focus mainly on professional and organisational interventions. Nurse managers and other responsible personnel should direct their focus to a broader array of implementation interventions using the four different categories of EPOC's conceptual framework.
authors: Institute of Nursing Science, Medical University of Graz, Billrothgaße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria.
authors: Helga E
authors: HE
authors: Breimaier
authors: Ruud J G
authors: RJ
authors: Halfens
authors: Doris
authors: D
authors: Wilborn
authors: Esther
authors: E
authors: Meesterberends
authors: Gunnar
authors: G
authors: Haase Nielsen
authors: Christa
authors: C
authors: Lohrmann
references: Int J Nurs Stud. 2009 Apr;46(4):576-87
references: 18674761
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jul 06;(7):CD009255
references: 21735443
references: Scand J Prim Health Care. 2001 Dec;19(4):227-31
references: 11822645
references: J Eval Clin Pract. 2008 Oct;14(5):888-97
references: 19018923
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Jul 16;(3):CD004398
references: 18646106
references: Implement Sci. 2010 Jun 29;5:51
references: 20587021
references: Can J Nurs Res. 2008 Jun;40(2):94-114
references: 18714900
references: J Clin Nurs. 2011 Jun;20(11-12):1744-56
references: 21362075
references: Implement Sci. 2006 Feb 22;1:2
references: 16722567
references: J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2004 Fall;24 Suppl 1:S31-7
references: 15712775
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Apr 15;(2):CD003030
references: 19370580
references: J Clin Nurs. 2010 Jun;19(11-12):1495-503
references: 20579194
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Oct 17;(4):CD000409
references: 17943742
references: Implement Sci. 2012 Mar 27;7:25
references: 22453077
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jan 21;(1):CD002099
references: 19160206
references: J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2010 Jan;22(1):45-55
references: 20074196
references: Implement Sci. 2013 Mar 15;8:32
references: 23497520
references: Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2008;5(2):75-84
references: 18559020
references: Implement Sci. 2011 Jan 05;6:1
references: 21208425
references: Int J Nurs Stud. 2011 Oct;48(10):1163-4
references: 21944580
references: J Adv Nurs. 2009 Jun;65(6):1218-27
references: 19445064
references: Implement Sci. 2007 May 11;2:15
references: 17498301
references: BMC Res Notes. 2011 Jun 22;4:212
references: 21696585
references: Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2010 Mar;7(1):51-3
references: 20180827
references: Soc Sci Med. 2010 May;70(10):1618-25
references: 20207464
references: J Eval Clin Pract. 2007 Oct;13(5):709-15
references: 17824862
references: Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2008;5(2):60-74
references: 18559019
references: Med Care. 2001 Aug;39(8 Suppl 2):II46-54
references: 11583121
references: Scand J Prim Health Care. 2007 Dec;25(4):232-6
references: 17852969
references: J Nurs Scholarsh. 2008;40(1):39-45
references: 18302590
references: J Nurs Scholarsh. 2008;40(4):302-10
references: 19094144
references: Res Nurs Health. 2007 Aug;30(4):445-58
references: 17654483
references: J Adv Nurs. 2008 Apr;62(2):209-15
references: 18394033
references: J Clin Nurs. 2004 Sep;13(6):668-76
references: 15317506
references: BMJ. 2002 Oct 26;325(7370):941
references: 12399345
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jul 08;(3):CD001096
references: 19588323
references: Int J Evid Based Healthc. 2010 Jun;8(2):79-89
references: 20923511
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jul 08;(3):CD004749
references: 19588361
references: Implement Sci. 2009 Apr 27;4:23
references: 19397820
references: Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2007;4(4):210-9
references: 18076464
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Apr 19;(2):CD000259
references: 16625533
references: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2010 Nov-Dec;34(6):660-8
references: 21097766
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Apr 14;(4):CD007071
references: 20393956
references: Lancet. 2003 Oct 11;362(9391):1225-30
references: 14568747
references: Health Technol Assess. 2004 Feb;8(6):iii-iv, 1-72
references: 14960256
references: CMAJ. 2009 Aug 4;181(3-4):165-8
references: 19620273
references: Nurs Ethics. 2002 Jan;9(1):105-9
references: 16010903
references: J Eval Clin Pract. 2011 Aug;17(4):705-12
references: 20586840
references: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000349
references: 10796531