title: [Practical aspects of pacemaker and ICD-lead extractions].
abstract: Special tools for lead removal enables transvenous lead extractions without cardiac exposure. The risk of fatal complications during extraction of long-term implanted leads requires detailed knowledge and trained physicians. In addition to patients’ age and gender, individual extraction risk factors are access and time since implantation, lead position, kind and number of leads. Locking stylets to anchor the lead within the lumen are necessary in all extraction procedures while the use of external sheaths is optional. Higher risk of cardiac or central vein perforation during lead mobilisation with external laser sheaths has to be respected, and these tools should be used with strong indication only. In cases of high risk, lead explantation with an open heart procedure should be considered as an alternative.
authors: Klinik für Kardiologie und internistische Intensivmedizin, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany. bert.hansky@klinikumbielefeld.de
authors: Bert
authors: B
authors: Hansky
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Kaymer
authors: Dorothee Meyer
authors: DM
authors: zu Vilsendorf
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Strunk-Müller
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Stellbrink
mesh_terms: D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020878:Device Removal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Apr 2;61(13):1398-405
references: 23500279
references: Heart Rhythm. 2009 Jul;6(7):1085-104
references: 19560098
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Mar 5;61(9):987-9
references: 23449433
references: Z Kardiol. 2002 Nov;91(11):956-68
references: 12442200
references: Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2013 Sep;36(9):1111-6
references: 23713912