title: Regulation of genes in the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway by RNA processing and RNA-mediated mechanisms.
abstract: Arachidonic acid (AA) is converted by enzymes in an important metabolic pathway to produce molecules known collectively as eicosanoids, 20 carbon molecules with significant physiological and pathological functions in the human body. Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes work in one arm of the pathway to produce prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxanes (TXs), while the actions of 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5 or 5LO) and its associated protein (ALOX5AP or FLAP) work in the other arm of the metabolic pathway to produce leukotrienes (LTs). The expression of the COX and ALOX5 enzymes that convert AA to eicosanoids is highly regulated at the post- or co-transcriptional level by alternative mRNA splicing, alternative mRNA polyadenylation, mRNA stability, and microRNA (miRNA) regulation. This review article will highlight these mechanisms of mRNA modulation.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School and the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers, NJ, USA. lutzcs@njms.rutgers.edu
authors: Carol S
authors: CS
authors: Lutz
authors: Ashley L
authors: AL
authors: Cornett
mesh_terms: D058927:5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000235:genetics*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D058927:5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins; C548592:ALOX5AP protein, human; D015777:Eicosanoids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C583212:ALOX5 protein, human