title: Antimicrobial activity of defensins and defensin-like peptides with special emphasis on those from fungi and invertebrate animals.
abstract: Living organisms are in perpetual contact with pathogenic microbes, and in encounter with parasites and predators. In order to protect themselves, they produce a variety of antimicrobial proteins and peptides. One family of such protective or defensive proteins is known as defensins, characterized by a cationic character, a low molecular mass, and an abundance of cysteine residues. Defensins from mammals and plants have been succinctly reviewed by a number of experts in this ever-growing field. This review encompasses the defensin plectasin from the saprophytic fungus Pseudoplectania nigrella as well as defensins and defensin-like peptides from invertebrate animals such as jellyfish, sponges, nematodes, crustaceans, arachnids, insects, bivalves, snails, and sea urchins. Big defensins from mollusks are mentioned together with amphioxus big defensin. The structures and activities of these defense proteins are discussed.
authors: Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China. xiujuanye2004@gmail.com.
authors: Tzi Bun
authors: TB
authors: Ng
authors: Randy Chi Fai
authors: RC
authors: Cheung
authors: Jack Ho
authors: JH
authors: Wong
authors: Xiu Juan
authors: XJ
authors: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023082:Defensins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry*; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D023082:Defensins