title: Establishment and characterization of a primary and a metastatic melanoma cell line from Grey horses.
abstract: The Grey horse phenotype, caused by a 4.6 kb duplication in Syntaxin 17, is strongly associated with high incidence of melanoma. In contrast to most human melanomas with an early onset of metastasis, the Grey horse melanomas have an extended period of benign growth, after which 50% or more eventually undergo progression and may metastasize. In efforts to define changes occurring during Grey horse melanoma progression, we established an in vitro model comprised of two cell lines, HoMel-L1 and HoMel-A1, representing a primary and a metastatic stage of the melanoma, respectively. The cell lines were examined for their growth and morphological characteristics, in vitro and in vivo oncogenic potential, chromosome numbers, and expression of melanocytic antigens and tumor suppressors. Both cell lines exhibited malignant characteristics; however, the metastatic HoMel-A1 showed a more aggressive phenotype characterized by higher proliferation rates, invasiveness, and a stronger tumorigenic potential both in vitro and in vivo. HoMel-A1 displayed a near-haploid karyotype, whereas HoMel-L1 was near-diploid. The cell lines expressed melanocytic lineage markers such as TYR, TRP1, MITF, PMEL, ASIP, MC1R, POMC, and KIT. The tumor suppressor p53 was strongly expressed in both cell lines, while the tumor suppressors p16 and PTEN were absent in HoMel-A1, potentially implicating significance of these pathways in the melanoma progression. This in vitro model system will not only aid in understanding of the Grey horse melanoma pathogenesis, but also in unraveling the steps during melanoma progression in general as well as being an invaluable tool for development of new therapeutic strategies.
authors: Department of Forensic Sciences, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Monika H
authors: MH
authors: Seltenhammer
authors: Elisabeth
authors: E
authors: Sundström
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Meisslitzer-Ruppitsch
authors: Petra
authors: P
authors: Cejka
authors: Jedrzej
authors: J
authors: Kosiuk
authors: Josef
authors: J
authors: Neumüller
authors: Marlene
authors: M
authors: Almeder
authors: Otto
authors: O
authors: Majdic
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Steinberger
authors: Udo M
authors: UM
authors: Losert
authors: Johannes
authors: J
authors: Stöckl
authors: Leif
authors: L
authors: Andersson
authors: Johann
authors: J
authors: Sölkner
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Vetterlein
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Golovko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D033481:Chromosomes, Mammalian; D006736:Horses; D059785:Karyotype; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology
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