title: Usefulness of the ice-cream cone pattern in computed tomography for prediction of angiomyolipoma in patients with a small renal mass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A morphologic contour method for assessing an exophytic renal mass as benign versus malignant on the basis of the shape of the interface with the renal parenchyma was recently developed. We investigated the usefulness of this morphologic contour method for predicting angiomyolipoma (AML) in patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for small renal masses (SRMs).
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2004 to March 2013, among 197 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for suspicious renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the medical records of 153 patients with tumors (AML or RCC) ≤3 cm in diameter were retrospectively reviewed. Patient characteristics including age, gender, type of surgery, size and location of tumor, pathologic results, and specific findings of the imaging study ("ice-cream cone" shape) were compared between the AML and RCC groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AML was diagnosed in 18 patients and RCC was diagnosed in 135 patients. Gender (p=0.001), tumor size (p=0.032), and presence of the ice-cream cone shape (p=0.001) showed statistically significant differences between the AML group and the RCC group. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, female gender (odds ratio [OR], 5.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45 to 18.57; p=0.011), tumor size (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.92; p=0.034), and presence of the ice-cream cone shape (OR, 18.12; 95% CI, 4.97 to 66.06; p=0.001) were predictors of AML.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirmed a high incidence of AML in females. Also, the ice-cream cone shape and small tumor size were significant predictors of AML in SRMs. These finding could be beneficial for counseling patients with SRMs.
authors: Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
authors: Kwang Ho
authors: KH
authors: Kim
authors: Bu Hyeon
authors: BH
authors: Yun
authors: Seung Il
authors: SI
authors: Jung
authors: In Sang
authors: IS
authors: Hwang
authors: Eu Chang
authors: EC
authors: Hwang
authors: Taek Won
authors: TW
authors: Kang
authors: Dong Deuk
authors: DD
authors: Kwon
authors: Kwangsung
authors: K
authors: Park
authors: Jin Woong
authors: JW
authors: Kim
keywords: Angiomyolipoma; Diagnostic imaging; Kidney; Nephrectomy; Renal cell carcinoma
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