title: Autistic traits in children with and without ADHD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the implications of autistic traits (ATs) in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) without a diagnosis of autism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were youth with (n = 242) and without (n = 227) ADHD and controls without ADHD in whom a diagnosis of autism was exclusionary. Assessment included measures of psychiatric, psychosocial, educational, and cognitive functioning. ATs were operationalized by using the withdrawn + social + thought problems T scores from the Child Behavior Checklist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A positive AT profile was significantly overrepresented among ADHD children versus controls (18% vs 0.87%; P < .001). ADHD children with the AT profile were significantly more impaired than control subjects in psychopathology, interpersonal, school, family, and cognitive domains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A substantial minority of ADHD children manifests ATs, and those exhibiting ATs have greater severity of illness and dysfunction.
authors: Clinical and Research Programs in Pediatric Psychopharmacologyand Adult ADHD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114-3139, USA.
authors: Amelia
authors: A
authors: Kotte
authors: Gagan
authors: G
authors: Joshi
authors: Ronna
authors: R
authors: Fried
authors: Mai
authors: M
authors: Uchida
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Spencer
authors: K Yvonne
authors: KY
authors: Woodworth
authors: Tara
authors: T
authors: Kenworthy
authors: Stephen V
authors: SV
authors: Faraone
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Biederman
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D057189:Checklist; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: ADD; ADHD; AT; attention deficit disorder; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; autism traits; autistic traits; comorbidity; social disability
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