title: Genomic characterization, expression analysis, and antimicrobial function of a glyrichin homologue from rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus.
abstract: Antimicrobial peptides are important innate effector molecules, playing a vital role in antimicrobial immunity in all species. Glyrichin is a transmembrane protein and an antibacterial peptide, exerting its functions against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, cDNA and a BAC clone harboring the glyrichin gene were identified from rock bream and characterized. Genomic characterization showed that the OfGlyrichin gene exhibited a 3 exon-2 intron structure. OfGlyrichin is a 79-amino-acid protein with a transmembrane domain at (22)GFMMGFAVGMAAGAMFGTFSCLR(44). Pairwise and multiple sequence alignments showed high identity and conservation with mammalian orthologues. Phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship with fish species. Higher levels of OfGlyrichin transcripts were detected in the liver from healthy rock bream which were induced by immunogens like lipopolysaccharide, poly I:C, rock bream irido virus, Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus iniae. The synthetic peptide (pOf19) showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, E. tarda, and S. iniae. Analysis of the bacterial morphological features after pOf19 peptide treatment showed breakage of the cell membrane, affirming that antibacterial function is accomplished through membrane lysis. The pOf19 peptide also showed antiviral activity against RBIV infection. The high conservation of the genomic structure and protein, together with the antimicrobial roles of OfGlyrichin, provide evidence for the evolutionary existence of this protein playing a vital role in innate immune defense in rock bream.
authors: Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Saranya Revathy
authors: SR
authors: Kasthuri
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Wan
authors: Navaneethaiyer
authors: N
authors: Umasuthan
authors: S D N K
authors: SD
authors: Bathige
authors: Bong-Soo
authors: BS
authors: Lim
authors: Hyung-Bok
authors: HB
authors: Jung
authors: Jehee
authors: J
authors: Lee
authors: Ilson
authors: I
authors: Whang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D020609:Edwardsiella tarda / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D040461:Gene Components; D015723:Gene Library; D007497:Iridoviridae / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000662:veterinary; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010473:Perciformes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000662:veterinary; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D011070:Poly I-C
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Antiviral activity; Genome characterization; Glyrichin; Reactive oxygen species modulator 1