title: The effect of dominance on polymorphism in Müllerian mimicry.
abstract: Dominance controls the phenotype of heterozygous individuals, and plays an important role in the maintenance of polymorphism. Here we focus on the dominance acting on warning-pattern polymorphism in species engaged in Müllerian mimicry. Müllerian mimics are toxic species which display bright colour patterns used as a warning signal to predators and are subject to local positive density-dependent selection. Some Müllerian mimics are polymorphic due to a selection/migration balance in spatially heterogeneous communities of prey. Since heterozygotes at a locus controlling warning pattern might exhibit intermediate, non-mimetic heterozygous morphs, dominance is likely to influence the polymorphism at this locus. Using a deterministic model describing migration, density-dependent predation and reproduction, we investigated the influence of dominance on the dynamics of alleles at locus determining mimetic phenotype. Our results suggest dominance may interact with migration and selection and plays an important role in shaping the conditions of polymorphism persistence and the frequency of alleles at this locus. Our results thus highlight the important role of dominance in the dynamics of polymorphism at loci under balancing selection due to environmental heterogeneity.
authors: Origine Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité, CNRS UMR 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP50, 45, rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: llaurens@mnhn.fr.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Llaurens
authors: Laboratoire de Génétique et évolution des populations végétales, CNRS UMR 8198, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille 1, Bâtiment SN2, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Billiard
authors: Origine Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité, CNRS UMR 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP50, 45, rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Joron
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D025041:Animal Migration / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D005799:Genes, Dominant / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D008954:Models, Biological; D018716:Molecular Mimicry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Aposematism; Balancing selection; Mimicry; Spatial heterogeneity