title: Metabolic engineering of the phenylpropanoid pathway enhances the antioxidant capacity of Saussurea involucrata.
abstract: The rare wild species of snow lotus Saussurea involucrata is a commonly used medicinal herb with great pharmacological value for human health, resulting from its uniquely high level of phenylpropanoid compound production. To gain information on the phenylpropanid biosynthetic pathway genes in this critically important medicinal plant, global transcriptome sequencing was performed. It revealed that the phenylpropanoid pathway genes were well represented in S. involucrata. In addition, we introduced two key phenylpropanoid pathway inducing transcription factors (PAP1 and Lc) into this medicinal plant. Transgenic S. involucrata co-expressing PAP1 and Lc exhibited purple pigments due to a massive accumulation of anthocyanins. The over-expression of PAP1 and Lc largely activated most of the phenylpropanoid pathway genes, and increased accumulation of several phenylpropanoid compounds significantly, including chlorogenic acid, syringin, cyanrine and rutin. Both ABTS (2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzotiazo-line-6-sulfonic acid) and FRAP (ferric reducing anti-oxidant power) assays revealed that the antioxidant capacity of transgenic S. involucrata lines was greatly enhanced over controls. In addition to providing a deeper understanding of the molecular basis of phenylpropanoid metabolism, our results potentially enable an alternation of bioactive compound production in S. involucrata through metabolic engineering.
authors: The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ; The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Rubber Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan, China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Qiu
authors: Fenghua
authors: F
authors: Gao
authors: Guoan
authors: G
authors: Shen
authors: Chonghui
authors: C
authors: Li
authors: Xiaoyan
authors: X
authors: Han
authors: Qiao
authors: Q
authors: Zhao
authors: Dexiu
authors: D
authors: Zhao
authors: Xuejun
authors: X
authors: Hua
authors: Yongzhen
authors: Y
authors: Pang
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003116:Color; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005960:Glucosides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D060847:Metabolic Engineering; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012431:Rutin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D030441:Saussurea / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D005960:Glucosides; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; D010666:Phenylpropionates; C000612141:REG3A protein, human; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D014157:Transcription Factors; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D012431:Rutin; C028305:syringin
references: J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Dec 8;58(23):12168-75
references: 21058651
references: Trends Plant Sci. 2010 Oct;15(10):573-81
references: 20674465
references: Planta. 2007 Oct;226(5):1243-54
references: 17618453
references: Plant Cell. 2000 Dec;12(12):2383-2394
references: 11148285
references: Plant Physiol. 2003 Jul;132(3):1448-63
references: 12857826
references: Plant J. 2006 Mar;45(6):895-907
references: 16507081
references: Plant Cell Rep. 2010 Dec;29(12):1325-37
references: 20842365
references: Plant J. 2005 Oct;44(1):62-75
references: 16167896
references: Plant J. 2009 Jul;59(1):136-49
references: 19368693
references: J Forensic Sci. 2004 Jul;49(4):754-9
references: 15317190
references: New Phytol. 2012 Jul;195(2):335-345
references: 22548501
references: Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2006;57:761-80
references: 16669781
references: Plant Cell. 2002 Oct;14(10):2509-26
references: 12368501
references: Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2006;57:405-30
references: 16669768
references: Plant J. 2011 Apr;66(1):94-116
references: 21443626
references: Plant Cell Rep. 2005 Mar;23(10-11):716-20
references: 15372198
references: Plant Physiol. 2005 Jun;138(2):1083-96
references: 15923334
references: Plant J. 2005 Apr;42(2):218-35
references: 15807784
references: Plant Cell Rep. 2012 Jan;31(1):111-9
references: 21912858
references: Trends Plant Sci. 2008 Mar;13(3):99-102
references: 18280199
references: Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 May;397(2):765-76
references: 20213172
references: J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Mar 24;58(6):3356-65
references: 20166659
references: Genome Res. 2010 Feb;20(2):265-72
references: 20019144
references: Plant J. 2006 Jun;46(5):768-79
references: 16709193
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):7092-6
references: 2674946
references: Mol Plant. 2010 Jan;3(1):2-20
references: 20035037
references: J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Feb 10;58(3):1639-45
references: 20073469
references: Planta. 2010 May;231(6):1385-400
references: 20309578
references: J Agric Food Chem. 2013 May 8;61(18):4441-7
references: 23590684
references: Food Chem. 2013 Aug 15;139(1-4):1-8
references: 23561070
references: J Sci Food Agric. 2014 Jan 30;94(2):180-8
references: 23653223