title: Diagnosis and treatment of unilateral forms of primary aldosteronism.
abstract: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is now recognized as the most frequent form of secondary arterial hypertension. The importance of a correct and prompt diagnosis of PA is determined by its relevant prevalence, its increased cardiovascular risk compared to essential hypertension and by the possibility of reversing this increased risk with a targeted therapy. Surgical treatment of unilateral forms of PA (mainly aldosterone-producing adenomas) is at present recommended in well-selected patients because of its cost-effectiveness. Therefore, subtype differentiation of PA forms is of fundamental importance, and available guidelines recommend contrast-enhanced CT-scanning and adrenal venous sampling (AVS) as the main diagnostic tests for this purpose. In this review, we discuss the value of adrenal non-invasive imaging and AVS, the recent advances in complementary tests and, finally, the available data on the outcome of surgical treatment for PA.
authors: Department of Medicine and Experimental Oncology, Hypertension Unit, University of Torino, Italy. andreaviola.83@gmail.com
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Viola
authors: Davide
authors: D
authors: Tizzani
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Monticone
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Crudo
authors: Maddalena
authors: M
authors: Galmozzi
authors: Jacopo
authors: J
authors: Burrello
authors: Karine
authors: K
authors: Versace
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Loiacono
authors: Franco
authors: F
authors: Veglio
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Mulatero
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D000315:Adrenalectomy / Q000379:methods*; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D006929:Hyperaldosteronism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000450:Aldosterone