title: Functional promoter -94 ins/del ATTG polymorphism in NFKB1 gene is associated with bladder cancer risk in a Chinese population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A functional -94 insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs28362491) in the promoter of the NFKB1 gene was reported to influence NFKB1 expression and confer susceptibility to different types of cancer. This study aims to determine whether the polymorphism is associated with risk of bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  TaqMan assay was used to determine genotype among 609 cases and 640 controls in a Chinese population. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between the polymorphism and bladder cancer risk, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine NFKB1 mRNA expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the ins/ins/ins/del genotypes, the del/del genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of bladder cancer [adjusted odd ratio (OR) = 1.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.42-2.59]. The increased risk was more prominent among subjects over 65 years old (OR = 2.37, 95% CI= 1.52-3.70), male subjects (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.40-2.79) and subjects with self-reported family history of cancer (OR = 3.59, 95% CI = 1.19-10.9). Furthermore, the polymorphism was associated with a higher risk of developing non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (OR= 2.07, 95% CI= 1.51-2.85), grade 1 bladder cancer (OR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.68-3.43), single tumor bladder cancer (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.48-2.82) and smaller tumor size bladder cancer (OR = 2.10, 95% CI= 1.51-2.92). The expression of NFKB1 mRNA in bladder cancer tissues with homozygous insertion genotype was higher than that with deletion allele.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, the -94 ins/del ATTG polymorphism in NFKB1 promoter may contribute to the etiology of bladder cancer in the Chinese population.
authors: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors: Pengchao
authors: P
authors: Li
authors: Jinbao
authors: J
authors: Gu
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Hongzhou
authors: H
authors: Cai
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Tao
authors: Xuejian
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Lu
authors: Zengjun
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Changjun
authors: C
authors: Yin
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Gu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; C489548:NFKB1 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger
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