title: Insecticidal activity of pogostone against Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Essential oil of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. has been reported to exhibit strong insecticidal activities, but few studies have focused on the insecticidal activity of its main individual constituent, pogostone (PO). The goal of this research was to investigate the insecticidal activity of PO against two harmful noctuid insects, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and Spodoptera exigua (Hübner).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a no-choice assay, PO exhibited strong antifeedant activity against S. litura and S. exigua. PO showed pronounced larvicidal activities, including oral toxicity (LC50 986.88 mg L(-1) and 545.61 mg L(-1) respectively) and contact toxicity (LC50 1041.42 mg L(-1) and 519.48 mg L(-1) respectively) against these two noctuid insects. Additionally, PO treatment significantly increased the larval and pupal developmental period. Furthermore, PO showed moderate ovicidal activities and influenced the emergence and deformity of the moth. However, PO failed to exert a potent effect on adult development. These tested parameters proved to be dose dependent for both insect species.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PO possesses strong insecticidal activities, especially antifeedant, larvicidal, growth inhibitory and pupicidal activities, against S. litura and S. exigua. PO may partly account for the insecticidal activity of patchouli oil and may be a promising candidate for the control of agricultural insects.
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Si-Han
authors: SH
authors: Huang
authors: Ji-Dong
authors: JD
authors: Xian
authors: Song-Zhi
authors: SZ
authors: Kong
authors: Yu-Cui
authors: YC
authors: Li
authors: Jian-Hui
authors: JH
authors: Xie
authors: Ji
authors: J
authors: Lin
authors: Jian-Nan
authors: JN
authors: Chen
authors: Hong-Feng
authors: HF
authors: Wang
authors: Zi-Ren
authors: ZR
authors: Su
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011679:Pupa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; C483658:Pogostone
keywords: antifeedant; growth inhibition; larvicidal; noctuid insects; ovicidal