title: Severity of psychiatric and physical problems is associated with lower quality of life in methadone patients in Indonesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is to reduce the harm and to improve patients' quality of life (Qol). However, the Qol is also influenced by other co-occurring disorders. Data regarding the Qol and the co-occurrence of these disorders is lacking in low-middle income countries. We therefore describe the prevalence of physical, psychiatric, and drug abuse co-occurring disorders among MMT patients in Indonesia and determine the association between the severity of the co-occurring disorders and the Qol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected in 112 injection drug abusers (IDUs) attending a MMT program in West Java, Indonesia, using validated questionnaires, medical records and laboratory testing. For comparison, 154 IDUs not enrolled in MMT were recruited by respondent driven sampling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequent co-occurring disorders were hepatitis C (92%), HIV (77%), benzodiazepine abuse (56%), and anxiety disorders (32%). IDUs in MMT had one (26%), two (47%), or three (27%) co-occurring disorders. Higher severity in psychiatric and physical problems was associated with poorer Qol. IDUs not enrolled in MMT had similar co-occurring problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of co-occurring disorders in IDUs in Indonesia is high and they influence their Qol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, comprehensive treatment, especially focusing on the common co-occurring disorders should be provided in MMT to improve the Qol.
authors: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Padjadjaran University/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. shelly_bdg@yahoo.com
authors: Shelly
authors: S
authors: Iskandar
authors: Reinout
authors: R
authors: van Crevel
authors: Teddy
authors: T
authors: Hidayat
authors: Ike M P
authors: IM
authors: Siregar
authors: Tri H
authors: TH
authors: Achmad
authors: Andre J
authors: AJ
authors: van der Ven
authors: Cor A
authors: CA
authors: De Jong
mesh_terms: D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D058850:Opiate Substitution Treatment / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology