title: Smoking as an independent risk factor for severe skin reactions due to adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer.
abstract: Risk factors for severe acute radiation skin reactions (ARSR) have been described with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for the development of severe ARSR in women undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer. 390 women were assessed at the first and final RT sessions and at followup. ARSR were measured by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/The Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Acute Radiation Morbidity Scoring Criteria (RTOG/EORTC scale). Patients reported symptoms using visual analogue scale (VAS). Health related quality of life was assessed by EORTC QLQ-C30 and sleep disturbances by the MOS-Sleep questionnaire. Clinical data included smoking status (carbon monoxide in expired air), body mass index (BMI) and treatment data. RT dose, ≥ 50 Gy (mean difference 1.9 CI: 1.0 to 3.5, p = 0.040), high BMI (mean difference 4.3 CI: 2.2 to 8.3, p < 0.001) and smoking (mean difference 2.5 CI. 1.1 to 5.7, p = 0.027) were the factors strongest related to severe ARSR. Patients' with severe ARSR reported higher levels of pain and increased sleeping problems. To stop smoking during RT is the best decision patients can make to reduce the risk for severe ARSR since smoking is an independent risk factor.
authors: Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Education, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: lena.sharp@karolinska.se.
authors: Lena
authors: L
authors: Sharp
authors: Hemming
authors: H
authors: Johansson
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Hatschek
authors: Mia
authors: M
authors: Bergenmar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D020920:Dyssomnias / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D011855:Radiodermatitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D063465:Skin Cream / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Breast neoplasms; Dermatitis; Outcome assessment; Radiotherapy; Risk factors; Smoking