title: Real-time 3-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound in detecting hemorrhage of blunt renal trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of real-time 3-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the hemorrhage of blunt renal trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. Blunt renal trauma was performed on each group by using minitype striker. Ultrasonography, color Doppler flow imaging, and contrast-enhanced 2-dimensional and real-time 3-dimensional ultrasound were applied before and after the strike. The time to shock and blood pressure were subjected to statistical analysis. Then, a comparative study of ultrasound and pathology was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the struck kidneys were traumatic. In the ultrasonography, free fluid was found under the renal capsule. In the color Doppler flow imaging, active hemorrhage was not identified. In 2-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound, active hemorrhage of the damaged kidney was characterized. Real-time 3-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed a real-time and stereoscopic ongoing bleeding of the injured kidney. The wider the hemorrhage area in 4-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound was, the faster the blood pressure decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Real-time 3-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a promising noninvasive tool for stereoscopically and vividly detecting ongoing hemorrhage of blunt renal trauma in real time.
authors: Department of Ultrasound, Liuhuaqiao Hospital, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors: Rui-Xue
authors: RX
authors: Xu
authors: Ye-Kuo
authors: YK
authors: Li
authors: Ting
authors: T
authors: Li
authors: Sha-Sha
authors: SS
authors: Wang
authors: Gui-Zhong
authors: GZ
authors: Yuan
authors: Qun-Fang
authors: QF
authors: Zhou
authors: Hai-Rong
authors: HR
authors: Zheng
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D010743:Phospholipids; D011817:Rabbits; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D010743:Phospholipids; C420843:contrast agent BR1; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride