title: Histologic Findings of Corneal Buttons in Decompensated Corneas With Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome After Cataract Surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the histologic findings of penetrating keratoplasty buttons in decompensated corneas with toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) after a cataract surgery is performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the histologic findings of 16 corneal buttons of 16 patients who exhibited decompensation findings because of TASS by means of light microscopy. The patients were classified into 3 groups: The first group consisted of 5 corneal buttons with mild symptoms in which the central corneal thicknesses (CCTs) were ≤650 μm, and the visual acuities (VAs) were ≥0.1. The second group consisted of 7 corneal buttons that exhibited moderate symptoms in which the CCTs were between 650 and 750 μm and the VAs were between 0.1 and 0.03. The third group consisted of 4 corneal buttons that had severe symptoms in which the CCTs were ≥750 μm and the VAs were ≤0.03.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Light microscopy showed endothelial cell loss, vacuolated and thinned epithelial cell layers, disturbed collagen bonds, and Descemet membrane invaginations in patients in group I. Group II corneal buttons exhibited inflammatory cells (lymphocytes) and extended intercellular space between the epithelial cells, wrinkled Bowman membrane separated from the stroma in some local areas, stromal edema, and early vascularization. In group III, endothelial and epithelial cell layer loss, wrinkled Descemet and Bowman membranes, inflammatory cells, and structurally disturbed collagen bonds located beneath the Bowman membrane, and a greater amount of vascularization in the area of inflammation were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the histologic evaluation of the decompensated corneas caused by the TASS are compatible with the clinical severity of the disease. In mild cases, the histologic findings were insignificant; however, when the clinical situation deteriorated, histologic findings became increasingly worse.
authors: *Department of Ophthalmology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; †Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, Maltepe University; and ‡Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University.
authors: Osman Sevki
authors: OS
authors: Arslan
authors: Zeki
authors: Z
authors: Tunc
authors: Didar
authors: D
authors: Ucar
authors: Ismail
authors: I
authors: Seckin
authors: Erdogan
authors: E
authors: Cicik
authors: Hande
authors: H
authors: Kalem
authors: Sadik
authors: S
authors: Sencan
authors: Mustafa
authors: M
authors: Hepokur
mesh_terms: D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000187:drug effects*; D015715:Corneal Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003319:Corneal Stroma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007634:Keratitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000633:toxicity*; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions