title: Green biocides, a promising technology: current and future applications to industry and industrial processes.
abstract: The study of biofilms has skyrocketed in recent years due to increased awareness of the pervasiveness and impact of biofilms. It costs the USA literally billions of dollars every year in energy losses, equipment damage, product contamination and medical infections. But biofilms also offer huge potential for cleaning up hazardous waste sites, filtering municipal and industrial water and wastewater, and forming biobarriers to protect soil and groundwater from contamination. The complexity of biofilm activity and behavior requires research contributions from many disciplines such as biochemistry, engineering, mathematics and microbiology. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of emerging novel antimicrobial techniques, including those using myriad organic and inorganic products as well as genetic engineering techniques, the use of coordination complex molecules, composite materials and antimicrobial peptides and the use of lasers as such or their modified use in combination treatments. This review also addresses advanced and recent modifications, including methodological changes, and biocide efficacy enhancing strategies. This review will provide future planners of biofilm control technologies with a broad understanding and perspective on the use of biocides in the field of green developments for a sustainable future.
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan; Department of Geology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
authors: Muhammad Aqeel
authors: MA
authors: Ashraf
authors: Saleem
authors: S
authors: Ullah
authors: Irshad
authors: I
authors: Ahmad
authors: Ahmad Kaleem
authors: AK
authors: Qureshi
authors: Khaled S
authors: KS
authors: Balkhair
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Abdur Rehman
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D004202:Disinfectants; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D007834:Lasers; D010455:Peptides; D013672:Technology
chemical_list: D056831:Coordination Complexes; D004202:Disinfectants; D010455:Peptides
keywords: antimicrobial activity; bioconcentration; biofilms; biofouling; catalyst; mechanism