title: A human strain of Oxalobacter (HC-1) promotes enteric oxalate  secretion in the small intestine of mice and reduces urinary  oxalate excretion.
abstract: Enteric oxalate secretion that correlated with reductions in urinary oxalate excretion was previously reported in a mouse model of primary hyperoxaluria, and in wild type (WT) mice colonized with a wild rat strain (OXWR) of Oxalobacter (Am J Physiol 300:G461–G469, 2010). Since a human strain of the bacterium is more likely to be clinically used as a probiotic therapeutic, we tested the effects of HC-1 in WT. Following artificial colonization of WT mice with HC-1, the bacteria were confirmed to be present in the large intestine and, unexpectedly, detected in the small intestine for varying periods of time. The main objective of the present study was to determine whether the presence of HC-1 promoted intestinal secretion in the more proximal segments of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, we determined whether HC-1 colonization led to reductions in urinary oxalate excretion in these mice. The results show that the human Oxalobacter strain promotes a robust net secretion of oxalate in the distal ileum as well as in the caecum and distal colon and these changes in transport correlate with the beneficial effect of reducing renal excretion of oxalate. We conclude that OXWR effects on intestinal oxalate transport and oxalate homeostasis are not unique to the wild rat strain and that, mechanistically, HC-1 has significant potential for use as a probiotic treatment for hyperoxaluria especially if it is also targeted to the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract.
authors: Marguerite
authors: M
authors: Hatch
authors: Robert W
authors: RW
authors: Freel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006959:Hyperoxaluria / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010070:Oxalates / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D020624:Oxalobacter formigenes / Q000502:physiology*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D010070:Oxalates
references: J Endourol. 2005 Jan-Feb;19(1):102-6
references: 15735393
references: Kidney Int. 2006 Oct;70(7):1305-11
references: 16850020
references: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2005 Sep;289(3):F536-43
references: 15855660
references: J Endourol. 2011 Nov;25(11):1781-5
references: 22017284
references: Kidney Int. 2006 Feb;69(4):691-8
references: 16518326
references: Arch Microbiol. 1985 Feb;141(1):1-7
references: 3994481
references: Urology. 2012 Jun;79(6):1286-9
references: 22656407
references: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2006 Apr;290(4):G719-28
references: 16373425
references: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011 Mar;300(3):G461-9
references: 21163900