title: Diosgenin improves vascular function by increasing aortic eNOS expression, normalize dyslipidemia and ACE activity in chronic renal failure rats.
abstract: In recent years, the role of endothelial dysfunction (ED) and excessive oxidative stress in the development of cardiovascular diseases has been highlighted. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of diosgenin, an antioxidant on chronic renal failure (CRF) induced vascular dysfunction. CRF was induced by feeding the rats with a diet containing 0.75 % adenine and diosgenin was given orally (everyday at the dose of 40 mg/kg). Isometric force measurement was performed on isolated aortic rings in organ baths. Levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide metabolites, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA in rat aorta were examined. Further, plasma lipid profile, activity of enzymes of lipid metabolism, and aortic angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) also studied. The overall results have proved that diosgenin attenuates CRF-induced impairment in acetylcholine induced endothelium-dependent and sodium nitroprusside induced endothelium-independent vascular relaxation. Moreover, it elevates the GSH and restores the eNOS mRNA expression level. CRF-induced dyslipidemia and ACE activity was also inhibited by diosgenin treatment. This study indicates that diosgenin have enough potential to protect vasculature against oxidative stress, dyslipidemia which in turn improves the vascular function in CRF milieu.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamilnadu, India.
authors: Jeganathan
authors: J
authors: Manivannan
authors: Elumalai
authors: E
authors: Balamurugan
authors: Thangarasu
authors: T
authors: Silambarasan
authors: Boobalan
authors: B
authors: Raja
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001011:Aorta / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D004144:Diosgenin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D009599:Nitroprusside; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008055:Lipids; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D005978:Glutathione; D004144:Diosgenin
references: Br J Pharmacol. 2011 Apr;162(8):1819-31
references: 21232032
references: Arch Biochem Biophys. 1959 May;82(1):70-7
references: 13650640
references: Mol Cell Biochem. 2009 Jul;327(1-2):203-10
references: 19234676
references: J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2009 Dec;54(6):526-34
references: 19755915
references: J Biol Chem. 1957 May;226(1):497-509
references: 13428781
references: Nat Protoc. 2008;3(6):1101-8
references: 18546601
references: Kidney Int Suppl. 2003 May;(84):S41-4
references: 12694306
references: Chem Biol Interact. 1998 Apr 24;111-112:1-14
references: 9679538
references: Pharmacology. 2001 Jul;63(1):58-64
references: 11408833
references: Clin Chem. 1974 Apr;20(4):470-5
references: 4818200
references: Age (Dordr). 2012 Aug;34(4):821-30
references: 21720771
references: Lancet. 1993 Nov 13;342(8881):1209-10
references: 7901532
references: Cardiovasc Res. 2005 Apr 1;66(1):150-61
references: 15769458
references: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000 Mar;20(3):728-36
references: 10712398
references: Int J Endocrinol. 2010;2010:625852
references: 20169119
references: Clin Chim Acta. 1983 Sep 15;133(1):85-96
references: 6627678
references: J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jan;316(1):42-52
references: 16183707
references: Circ J. 2009 Mar;73(3):411-8
references: 19194043
references: Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Oct 30;181(3):322-7
references: 19595682
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 Jun;35(7):1977-85
references: 10841251
references: Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013 Feb;46(1):14-21
references: 23422724
references: Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Aug 16;450(1):61-6
references: 12176110
references: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2004 Nov;287(5):R1014-30
references: 15475499
references: J Lipid Res. 1979 Jul;20(5):588-93
references: 158623
references: Exp Physiol. 2008 Jan;93(1):155-7
references: 18165435
references: Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002 Dec;17(12):2159-63
references: 12454227
references: Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006 Aug;21(8):2239-46
references: 16766544
references: Clin Chim Acta. 1973 Mar 30;44(3):301-5
references: 4348484
references: Arch Intern Med. 1995 Feb 27;155(4):381-6
references: 7848021
references: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006 Apr;17(4 Suppl 2):S145-7
references: 16565240
references: Mol Cell Biochem. 2013 Jun;378(1-2):9-18
references: 23423339
references: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2005 Mar;288(3):F539-44
references: 15507547
references: Clin Chem. 1972 Jun;18(6):499-502
references: 4337382
references: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Jan;18(1):84-92
references: 17182887
references: Clin Chem. 1981 Mar;27(3):371-4
references: 7471383
references: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005 Apr;16(4):959-65
references: 15728785
references: Vascul Pharmacol. 2010 Nov-Dec;53(5-6):273-80
references: 20932938
references: Eur J Pharmacol. 2012 Sep 15;691(1-3):198-208
references: 22819707
references: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2006 Feb;290(2):F262-72
references: 16403839
references: Clin Chem. 1983 Mar;29(3):538-42
references: 6825269
references: Kidney Int. 2001 Sep;60(3):1077-82
references: 11532102
references: PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e48872
references: 23139821
references: Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Oct 11;502(1-2):123-33
references: 15464098
references: Circ Res. 1998 Oct 5;83(7):743-51
references: 9758645
references: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2011 Jul;301(1):F78-83
references: 21478480
references: Eur J Pharmacol. 2012 Sep 15;691(1-3):143-50
references: 22771295
references: Hypertens Res. 2002 Mar;25(2):287-94
references: 12047045
references: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008 Oct;295(4):H1736-42
references: 18757488