title: Influence of various herbal irrigants as a final rinse on the adherence of Enterococcus faecalis by fluorescence confocal laser scanning microscope.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial efficacy of three different herbal irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single rooted teeth were extracted due to orthodontic and periodontal reasons. The teeth were then inoculated with E. faecalis. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups and two control groups of six samples each. Group 1 specimens were treated with 5.2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL) for 30 min followed by 5 mmol/L Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 5 min and saline as final irrigant. Group 2 specimens were treated with and 5.2% NaOCl for 30 min as final irrigant. Group 3 were treated with Morinda citrifolia (MC) for 30 min as final irrigant. Group 4 were treated with Azadiracta indica (AI) as final irrigant. Group 5 were treated with green tea (GT) for 30 min as final irrigant. The dentin specimens were carefully spread onto a microscope slide and stained with BacLight and examined in a confocal laser scanning microscope set to monitor fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide. A total of nine fields were examined for each treatment and the bacteria presented were counted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the one-way ANOVA with multiple comparison, significantly less bacteria were found adhering to the samples treated with Neem followed by NaOCL, GT, MC, Saline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AI treatment produced the maximum reduction in adherence of E. faecalis to dentin (9.30%) followed by NaOCl (12.50%), GT (27.30%), MC (44.20%) and saline (86.70%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neem is effective in preventing adhesion of E. faecalis to dentin.
authors: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Hannah
authors: H
authors: Rosaline
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Kandaswamy
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Gogulnath
authors: Mi
authors: M
authors: Rubin
keywords: Adherence; Enterococcus faecalis; Neem; confocal laser scanning microscope
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