title: High peritoneal KT/V and peritonitis rates are associated with peritoneal calcification.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peritoneal calcification (PC) is a specific finding in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD), but its prevalence, risk factors, and impacts in PD patients remain unclear. The present study investigated these issues and provided information useful for the management of PC.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 183 PD patients. The severity of PC was determined using abdominal computed tomography (CT), and we summed up all scores from slices obtained from the diaphragm to the pelvic floor normalized to body surface area. We analyzed the associations between PC and demographic and clinical characteristics, and between PC and levels of biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), osteoprotegrin and fetuin-A. The determinants of PC were examined using multiple regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were categorized into group 1 (without PC, n = 133) and group 2 (with PC, n = 50). Group 2 patients showed different degrees of PC with a mean of 160±769 mm(2)/m(2). Group 1 patients had higher fetuin-A levels than group 2 patients (861±309 vs. 760±210 µg/mL; p = 0.021). The independent risk factors for the presence of PC included male gender, previous peritonitis, and PD adequacy (KT/V). Further analysis performed in group 2 patients showed that the dosage of vitamin D, serum levels of CRP, and dialysate calcium load were the independent determinants of PC. However, the presence of PC did not affect patients' technique survival, peritonitis incidence, or mortality in the mean follow up period of 28±12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence and severity of PC were associated with inflammation, peritoneal KT/V, and mineral metabolism. The impact of PC on the outcomes of PD patients requires further study with a longer follow-up.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Jenq-Wen
authors: JW
authors: Huang
authors: Yu-Chung
authors: YC
authors: Lien
authors: Chung-Yi
authors: CY
authors: Yang
authors: Kao-Lang
authors: KL
authors: Liu
authors: Cheng-Chung
authors: CC
authors: Fang
authors: Cho-Kai
authors: CK
authors: Wu
authors: Jen-Kuang
authors: JK
authors: Lee
authors: Hon-Yen
authors: HY
authors: Wu
authors: Chih-Kang
authors: CK
authors: Chiang
authors: Hui-Teng
authors: HT
authors: Cheng
authors: Chung-Jen
authors: CJ
authors: Yen
authors: Kuan-Yu
authors: KY
authors: Hung
mesh_terms: D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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