title: Adderall for All: A Defense of Pediatric Neuroenhancement.
abstract: I argue that young patients should be able to access neuroenhancing drugs without a diagnosis of ADHD. The current framework of consent for pediatric patients can be adapted to accommodate neuroenhancement. After a brief overview of pediatric neuroenhancement, I develop three arguments in favor of greater acceptance of neuroenhancement for young patients. First, ADHD is not relevantly different from other disadvantages that could be treated with stimulant medication. Second, establishing a legitimate framework for pediatric neuroenhancement would mitigate the bad effects of diversion and improve research on neuroenhancement and ADHD. Third, some pediatric patients have rights to access neuroenhancements. I then consider several objections to pediatric neuroenhancement. I address concerns about addiction, advertising, authentic development, the parent-child relationship and equal opportunity and conclude that these concerns may inform a framework for prescribing neuroenhancement but they do not justify limits on prescribing.
authors: Leadership Studies, and Philosophy, Politics, Economics, and Law, University of Richmond, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA, 23173, USA, flanigan@richmond.edu.
authors: Jessica
authors: J
authors: Flanigan
references: Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):532
references: 19177106
references: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011 Jan;50(1):9-21
references: 21156266
references: Hastings Cent Rep. 2009 Jan-Feb;39(1):14-5
references: 19213187
references: Neurology. 2013 Mar 26;80(13):1251-60
references: 23486879
references: Monash Bioeth Rev. 2010 Mar;29(1):04.1-18
references: 22031983
references: Prof Psychol. 1978 Aug;9(3):412-27
references: 11662545
references: Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):532-3
references: 19177104
references: Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):533
references: 19177107
references: Am J Bioeth. 2005 Summer;5(3):5-14
references: 16006376
references: Pediatrics. 2003 Jan;111(1):97-109
references: 12509561
references: J Med Ethics. 2012 Jun;38(6):372-5
references: 22228818
references: Pharmacol Res. 2010 Sep;62(3):187-206
references: 20416377
references: JAMA. 2002 Aug 14;288(6):710-4
references: 12169074
references: J Pediatr. 1989 Jul;115(1):17-22
references: 2738791
references: Health Aff (Millwood). 2007 Mar-Apr;26(2):450-7
references: 17339673
references: Child Dev. 1982 Dec;53(6):1589-98
references: 7172783
references: Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2008;16(3):151-66
references: 18569037
references: Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2007 Dec;17(4):371-95
references: 18363271
references: Pediatrics. 2011 Nov;128(5):1007-22
references: 22003063
references: Addiction. 2010 Dec;105(12):2041-3
references: 21054609
references: J Med Ethics. 2012 Oct;38(10):579-86
references: 22844026
references: Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):533
references: 19177109
references: J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2012 Feb;25(1):79-81
references: 22319794
references: Contraception. 2011 Sep;84(3):259-65
references: 21843691
references: Bioethics. 2011 May;25(4):202-8
references: 19709081
references: J Med Ethics. 2008 Aug;34(8):580-4
references: 18667644
references: Psychol Sci. 2010 Nov;21(11):1708-15
references: 20966487
references: Nature. 2008 Dec 11;456(7223):702-5
references: 19060880
references: Pediatrics. 1995 Feb;95(2):314-7
references: 7838658
references: Clin Psychol Rev. 2011 Apr;31(3):328-41
references: 21382538
references: J Med Ethics. 1993 Sep;19(3):142-7
references: 8230145
references: J Adolesc Health. 2011 Apr;48(4):404-9
references: 21402271
references: Psychol Bull. 2011 Sep;137(5):717-41
references: 21859174
references: Subst Use Misuse. 2004 Jun;39(7):1095-116
references: 15387205
references: AJOB Neurosci. 2013 Jan;4(1):4-12
references: 23486311
references: Neurology. 2009 Oct 27;73(17):1406-12
references: 19776378
references: Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):533
references: 19177108