title: Design of prospective study of acute coronary syndrome hospitalization after smoking ban in public places in Hyogo prefecture: comparison with Gifu, a prefecture without a public smoking ban.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hyogo is the second prefecture, after Kanagawa, to enact a smoking ban in public places in Japan. The effect of this smoking ban on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has not been evaluated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Changes in the annual number of ACS hospital cases in Hyogo Prefecture, before and after the enactment of the prefectural legislative ban on smoking in public places, are to be compared with those in Gifu Prefecture, where there is no smoking-ban legislation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive Hyogo residents with ACS, admitted to 33 major hospitals in the Hanshin-Awaji-Kobe district, which covers 56% of the population, during the 12 months before implementation of the legislation (April 2012 through March 2013) and during the same 24 months thereafter (April 2013 through March 2015) will be enrolled. Consecutive patients with ACS, who are Gifu residents, treated at the 20 major hospitals in Gifu Prefecture will be enrolled as geographical controls. The primary endpoint is the change in number of ACS admissions from April 2012 through March 2015, considering the periods before and after the smoking-ban legislation in Hyogo prefecture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study has certain strengths: (1) This is the first large Japanese study of ACS registry with smoking-ban legislation. (2) Major hospitals in the Hanshin-Awaji-Kobe district are included. (3) The data will cover 3 years including 1 year before legislation enactment. (4) The data will be compared with those of Gifu Prefecture, where smoking-ban legislation will not be enacted. (5) The very large database makes possible analysis of subgroups based on age and gender.
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hyogo Prefecture Amagasaki Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan.
authors: Yukihito
authors: Y
authors: Sato
authors: Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors: Shinya
authors: S
authors: Minatoguchi
authors: Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors: Kazuhiko
authors: K
authors: Nishigaki
authors: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors: Ken-ichi
authors: K
authors: Hirata
authors: Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.
authors: Tohru
authors: T
authors: Masuyama
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Furukawa
authors: Kansai Rosai Hospital, Cardiovascular Center, Amagasaki, Japan.
authors: Masaaki
authors: M
authors: Uematsu
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nishinomiya Watanabe Cardiovascular Center, Nishinomiya, Japan.
authors: Junichi
authors: J
authors: Yoshikawa
authors: Department of Cardiology, Higashi Takarazuka Satoh Hospital, Takarazuka, Japan.
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Otsuji
authors: The Department of Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan.
authors: Mami
authors: M
authors: Iida
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hyogo Prefecture Amagasaki Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan. Electronic address: gifuim-gif@umin.ac.jp.
authors: Hisayoshi
authors: H
authors: Fujiwara
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000367:Age Factors; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011633:Public Facilities / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012042:Registries; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Myocardial infarction; Smoking; Tobacco