title: Quantitative computed tomography imaging of interstitial lung diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High-resolution chest computed tomography (HRCT) is essential in the characterization of interstitial lung disease. The HRCT features of some diseases can be diagnostic. Longitudinal monitoring with HRCT can assess progression of interstitial lung disease; however, subtle changes in the volume and character of abnormalities can be difficult to assess. Accuracy of diagnosis can be dependent on expertise and experience of the radiologist, pathologist, or clinician. Quantitative analysis of thoracic HRCT has the potential to determine the extent of disease reproducibly, classify the types of abnormalities, and automate the diagnostic process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Novel software that utilizes histogram signatures to characterize pulmonary parenchyma was used to analyze chest HRCT data, including retrospective processing of clinical CT scans and research data from the Lung Tissue Research Consortium. Additional information including physiological, pathologic, and semiquantitative radiologist assessment was available to allow comparison of quantitative results, with visual estimates of the disease, physiological parameters, and measures of disease outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Quantitative analysis results were provided in regional volumetric quantities for statistical analysis and a graphical representation. These results suggest that quantitative HRCT analysis can serve as a biomarker with physiological, pathologic, and prognostic significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is likely that quantitative analysis of HRCT can be used in clinical practice as a means to aid in identifying a probable diagnosis, stratifying prognosis in early disease, and consistently determining progression of the disease or response to therapy. Further optimization of quantitative techniques and longitudinal analysis of well-characterized subjects would be helpful in validating these methods.
authors: Department of Radiology, Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. bartholmai.brian@mayo.edu
authors: Brian J
authors: BJ
authors: Bartholmai
authors: Sushravya
authors: S
authors: Raghunath
authors: Ronald A
authors: RA
authors: Karwoski
authors: Teng
authors: T
authors: Moua
authors: Srinivasan
authors: S
authors: Rajagopalan
authors: Fabien
authors: F
authors: Maldonado
authors: Paul A
authors: PA
authors: Decker
authors: Richard A
authors: RA
authors: Robb
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008491:Medical Informatics Applications; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
references: Respiration. 2005 Mar-Apr;72(2):134-41
references: 15824522
references: J Am Coll Radiol. 2006 Jun;3(6):402-8
references: 17412094
references: Acad Radiol. 2006 Aug;13(8):969-78
references: 16843849
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Oct 15;170(8):904-10
references: 15256390
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 Feb 15;183(4):431-40
references: 20935110
references: Eur Respir J. 2014 Jan;43(1):204-12
references: 23563264
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Feb;159(2):519-25
references: 9927367
references: J Rheumatol. 2011 Jul;38(7):1514-8
references: 21724725
references: Radiology. 2003 Sep;228(3):871-7
references: 12869685
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003 Apr 1;167(7):962-9
references: 12663338
references: Radiographics. 2007 May-Jun;27(3):595-615
references: 17495281
references: Chest. 2007 Mar;131(3):643-644
references: 17356073
references: Med Phys. 2003 Sep;30(9):2440-54
references: 14528966
references: Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):972-6
references: 17218491
references: Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv. 2011;14(Pt 3):223-30
references: 22003703
references: IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2002 Feb;21(2):139-49
references: 11929101
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Aug;160(2):648-54
references: 10430742
references: Radiol Clin North Am. 1969 Dec;7(3):499-501
references: 5382261
references: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001 Sep;177(3):501-19
references: 11517038
references: Respir Med. 2008 Sep;102(9):1342-8
references: 18621518
references: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999 Oct;173(4):949-53
references: 10511155
references: Radiology. 1949 Mar;52(3):309-28
references: 18113241
references: J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2011 Sep-Oct;35(5):596-601
references: 21926855
references: J Digit Imaging. 2010 Feb;23(1):18-30
references: 18982390
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 May 15;175(10):1054-60
references: 17255566
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006 Oct 1;174(7):810-6
references: 16809633
references: Med Phys. 2007 Dec;34(12):4798-809
references: 18196808
references: IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2001 Jun;20(6):490-8
references: 11437109
references: Acad Radiol. 2003 Oct;10(10):1104-18
references: 14587629
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Jan 15;165(2):277-304
references: 11790668
references: Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981 Jun;123(6):659-64
references: 7271065
references: Radiology. 2013 Mar;266(3):936-44
references: 23220902
references: Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2006 Jun;3(4):307-14
references: 16738194
references: Radiology. 2005 Jul;236(1):10-21
references: 15987960
references: Acad Radiol. 2007 Jul;14(7):772-87
references: 17574128
references: Invest Radiol. 1997 Sep;32(9):566-74
references: 9291045
references: Nat Med. 2012 Nov;18(11):1711-5
references: 23042237
references: Chest. 1999 Nov;116(5):1168-74
references: 10559072
references: Arthritis Rheum. 2011 Jan;63(1):295-304
references: 20936629
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 Mar 15;183(6):788-824
references: 21471066
references: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997 Oct;169(4):977-83
references: 9308447
references: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Aug 15;172(4):488-93
references: 15894598
references: Radiology. 2005 Nov;237(2):657-61
references: 16192320