title: The enduring mental health impact of the September 11th terrorist attacks: challenges and lessons learned.
abstract: The authors review the existing literature on the mental health impact of the September 11th attacks and the implications for disaster mental health clinicians and policy makers. The authors discuss the demographic characteristics of those affected and the state of mental health needs and existing mental health delivery services; the nature of the disaster and primary impacts on lives, infrastructure, and socioeconomic factors; the acute aftermath in the days and weeks after the attacks; the persistent mental health impact and evolution of services of the postacute aftermath; and the implications for future disaster mental health practitioners and policy makers.
authors: The WTC Mental Health Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. fatih.ozbay@mssm.edu
authors: Fatih
authors: F
authors: Ozbay
authors: Tanja
authors: T
authors: Auf der Heyde
authors: Dori
authors: D
authors: Reissman
authors: Vansh
authors: V
authors: Sharma
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D002983:Clinical Competence; D015897:Comorbidity; D003419:Crisis Intervention / Q000379:methods; D004189:Disaster Planning / Q000458:organization & administration; D004190:Disasters / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D061345:Early Medical Intervention / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration; D060731:Emergency Responders / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D011050:Policy Making; D012307:Risk Factors; D047851:September 11 Terrorist Attacks / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Barriers to care; Crisis counseling; Disaster response; PTSD; World Trade Center