title: The prevalence of depression and anxiety among Chinese adults with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A lot of empirical studies have been conducted to evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among Chinese adults with cancer. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis in order to evaluate the prevalence and odds ratios of depression and anxiety in Chinese adults with cancer compared with those without.
  
  
  METHODS
  The three most comprehensive computerized Chinese academic databases-CNKI, Wangfang and Vip databases-were systematically screened through September 2012. PubMed and Web of Science (SCIE) were also searched from their inception until September 2012 without language restrictions, and an internet search was also used. Case-control studies assessing the prevalence of depression and anxiety among Chinese adults with cancer were analyzed. Study selection and appraisal were conducted independently by three authors. The non-weighted prevalence, pooled random-effects estimates of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were all calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen eligible studies with a total of 3497 subjects were included. The prevalence of depression and anxiety were significantly higher in adults with cancer compared with those without (Depression: 54.90% vs. 17.50%, OR = 7.85, 95% CI = 5.56-11.07, P = 0.000; Anxiety: 49.69% vs. 18.37%, OR = 6.46, 95% CI = 4.36-9.55, P = 0.000), the same situation was also observed in subgroup of control groups, assessment methods and cancer types. Although no difference of depression was observed in studies utilizing clinical diagnosis compared with self-report, the OR of anxiety in adults with cancer compared with those without was higher in studies utilizing clinical diagnosis (OR = 8.42, 95% CI = 4.83-14.70) than self-reports (OR = 5.83, 95% CI = 3.64-9.34). The ORs of depression and anxiety in cancer patients compared with disease group (Depression: OR = 6.03, 95% CI = 4.23-8.61; Anxiety: OR = 4.40, 95% CI = 3.05-6.36) were lower than in those compared with normal group (Depression: OR = 13.58, 95% CI = 6.26-29.46; Anxiety: OR = 15.47, 95% CI = 10.00-23.95).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified high prevalence rates of depression and anxiety among Chinese adults with cancer. The findings support that the prevalence of depression and anxiety among adults with cancer should receive more attention in Chinese medical settings.
authors: Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, 92 North 2nd Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China. liewang@mail.cmu.edu.cn.
authors: Yi-Long
authors: YL
authors: Yang
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Wu
authors: Xiao-Shi
authors: XS
authors: Yang
authors: Jia-Na
authors: JN
authors: Wang
authors: Lie
authors: L
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D044466:Asian People; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D017594:Publication Bias; D055815:Young Adult
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