title: Effects of clopidogrel on the platelet activation response in horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the platelet activation response before and after treatment with clopidogrel in horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  12 healthy adult mares.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a masked study, horses (6/group) were randomly allocated to alternately receive placebo or clopidogrel via nasogastric tube at a loading dose of 4 mg/kg followed by 2 mg/kg every 24 hours. Blood samples were collected before and 72 hours after initiation of treatment for ADP- and collagen-induced light transmission aggregometry; determination of closure time in collagen-ADP cartridges; modified thrombelastography for comparison of maximal amplitudes generated by kaolin, reptilase, and reptilase plus ADP activation; and flow cytometric tests to detect platelet fibrinogen binding, P-selectin expression, and phosphatidylserine externalization before and after ex vivo stimulation with thrombin, convulxin, thrombin with convulxin, and calcium ionophore.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clopidogrel administration induced a significant decrease in mean aggregation response to 5 μM and 10 μM ADP stimulation; however, 2 horses had resistance to clopidogrel's inhibitory action. Significant differences after clopidogrel treatment were not found in any other tests of platelet function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assays using commercially available reagents were configured to measure different variables of the platelet activation response; however, clopidogrel's platelet inhibitory action was only detected by ADP-induced light transmission aggregometry. Results also suggested that horses, like humans, have interindividual variability in response to clopidogrel that may influence the drug's clinical efficacy as an antiplatelet agent.
authors: Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA. mbb9@cornell.edu
authors: Marjory B
authors: MB
authors: Brooks
authors: Thomas J
authors: TJ
authors: Divers
authors: Ashlee E
authors: AE
authors: Watts
authors: Sally L
authors: SL
authors: Ness
authors: Amelia H
authors: AH
authors: Frye
authors: Tracy
authors: T
authors: Stokol
authors: Susan L
authors: SL
authors: Fubini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D006736:Horses / Q000378:metabolism*; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013916:Thrombelastography / Q000662:veterinary; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine