title: Use of in situ atomic force microscopy to follow phase changes at crystal surfaces in real time.
abstract: AFM of cocrystals: Atomic force microscopy can be used to observe phase changes at crystal surfaces where the transformation is accompanied by a change in the spacing between layers of molecules. The conversion of a metastable polymorph of the caffeine-glutaric acid cocrystal into the thermodynamically stable form was analyzed continuously in situ using intermittent-contact-mode atomic force microscopy.
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK); Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur-784 028, Assam (India).
authors: Ranjit
authors: R
authors: Thakuria
authors: Mark D
authors: MD
authors: Eddleston
authors: Ernest H H
authors: EH
authors: Chow
authors: Gareth O
authors: GO
authors: Lloyd
authors: Barry J
authors: BJ
authors: Aldous
authors: Joseph F
authors: JF
authors: Krzyzaniak
authors: Andrew D
authors: AD
authors: Bond
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Jones
mesh_terms: D002110:Caffeine / Q000737:chemistry; D003460:Crystallization; D005977:Glutarates / Q000737:chemistry; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods*; D044367:Phase Transition; D013499:Surface Properties; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D005977:Glutarates; D002110:Caffeine; C035736:glutaric acid
keywords: atomic force microscopy; cocrystals; phase transitions; polymorphism; surface analysis