title: Molecular pathways involved in colorectal cancer: implications for disease behavior and prevention.
abstract: Research conducted during the past 30 years has increased our understanding of the mechanisms involved in colorectal cancer initiation and development. The findings have demonstrated the existence of at least three pathways: chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability and CpG island methylator phenotype. Importantly, new studies have shown that inflammation and microRNAs contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis. Recent data have demonstrated that several genetic and epigenetic changes are important in determining patient prognosis and survival. Furthermore, some of these mechanisms are related to patients' response to drugs, such as aspirin, which could be used for both chemoprevention and treatment in specific settings. Thus, in the near future, we could be able to predict disease behavior based on molecular markers found on tumors, and direct the best treatment options for patients.
authors: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, Pad 5, Bologna 40138, Italy. dora.colussi86@gmail.com
authors: Dora
authors: D
authors: Colussi
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Brandi
authors: Franco
authors: F
authors: Bazzoli
authors: Luigi
authors: L
authors: Ricciardiello
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D043171:Chromosomal Instability; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D001241:Aspirin
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