title: Effects of oxygen insufflation rate, respiratory rate, and tidal volume on fraction of inspired oxygen in cadaveric canine heads attached to a lung model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of oxygen insufflation rate, respiratory rate, and tidal volume on fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2) in cadaveric canine heads attached to a lung model.
  
  
  METHODS
  16 heads of canine cadavers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each cadaver head was instrumented with a nasal insufflation catheter through which oxygen was delivered. The trachea was attached to a sample collection port connected by means of corrugated tubing to a lung model. Eight treatment combinations that varied in respiratory rate (10 or 20 breaths/min), tidal volume (10 or 15 mL/kg), and oxygen insufflation rate (50 or 100 mL/kg/min) were applied to each head in a replicated Latin square design. Gas samples were manually collected, and inspired oxygen concentrations were analyzed. The Fio2 and end-tidal CO2 concentration were determined and compared among sample groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Estimated least squares mean Fio2 for various treatment combinations ranged from 32.2% to 60.6%. The Fio2 was significantly increased at the higher insufflation rate (estimated marginal least squares mean, 48.7% vs 38.6% for 100 and 50 mL/kg/min, respectively), lower respiratory rate (48.9% vs 38.3% for 10 and 20 breaths/min, respectively), and smaller tidal volume (46.8% vs 40.0% for 10 and 15 mL/kg, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  -Fio2 in the model was affected by oxygen insufflation rate, respiratory rate, and tidal volume. This information may potentially help clinicians interpret results of blood gas analysis and manage canine patients receiving oxygen insufflation via a nasal catheter.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University Veterinary Health Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. mezdvm@vet.k-state.edu
authors: Melina E
authors: ME
authors: Zimmerman
authors: David S
authors: DS
authors: Hodgson
authors: Nora M
authors: NM
authors: Bello
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002102:Cadaver; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D006257:Head / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007327:Insufflation / Q000662:veterinary; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056152:Respiratory Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D013990:Tidal Volume / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen