title: High-level β1-integrin expression in a subpopulation of highly tumorigenic oral cancer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The β1 integrin (CD29) is a putative marker for cancerous epithelial stem cells. Cancer stem cells are essential to drive tumor growth, recurrence, and metastasis. We investigated the role of β1-integrin expression in the development of malignant phenotypes of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunostaining was used to analyze the expression levels of β1 integrins in different types of cell colonies and tumor spheres. The results of cell viability and migration assays with and without siRNA knockdown of β1-integrin expression were compared. Cells expressing β1 integrins were evaluated for their tumorigenicity in mice. The expression of β1 integrins in human specimens of oral cancers at different clinical stages was semiquantified based on immunohistochemical staining of the β1-integrin protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression level of β1 integrins in Meng-1 oral epidermoid carcinoma cells (OECM-1) cells was significantly higher in holoclonal colonies and tumor spheres compared to control cells. The knockdown of β1-integrin expression in OECM-1 cells reduced cell proliferation, migration, and tumor sphere formation. Beta-1 integrin (+) cells were more tumorigenic in the mouse xenograft model than β1 integrin (-) cells. In the human specimens, the expression level of the β1-integrin protein positively correlated with the clinical stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of β1 integrin in OECM-1 cells is involved in the development of malignant phenotypes of OSCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhibitors for β1-integrin signaling may be suitable to become target-specific therapies for OSCC.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Hsiang-Chun
authors: HC
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Chao-Liang
authors: CL
authors: Wu
authors: Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
authors: Yuh-Ling
authors: YL
authors: Chen
authors: Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.|Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Jehn-Shyun
authors: JS
authors: Huang
authors: Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.|Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Tung-Yiu
authors: TY
authors: Wong
authors: Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. kuoyuan@mail.ncku.edu.tw.|Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. kuoyuan@mail.ncku.edu.tw.
authors: Kuo
authors: K
authors: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019012:Integrin beta1; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
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