title: Efficacy of royal jelly on methotrexate-induced systemic oxidative stress and damage to small intestine in rats.
abstract: The aim of this present study is to investigate the mucositis caused by methotrexate (MTX), as well as whether the application of royal jelly (RJ) has a protective effect on oxidative stress. This present study included six groups each consisted of 12 Wistar rats. Distilled water (po: peroral) was given to the 1st group as placebo for 10 days and MTX (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal: ip) on the 7th day. The 2nd group received RJ (50mg/kg, po) for 10 days and normal saline (NS) instead of MTX. RJ (50mg/kg) was given to the 3rd group for 10 days and MTX on the 7th day. The 4th group received RJ (100 mg/kg, po) for 10 days and NS was given intraperitoneally. RJ (100mg/kg) was given to the 5th group for 10 days and a single dose of MTX. Distilled water was given to the 6th (control) group for 10 days and intraperitoneal NS on the 7th day. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were analyzed in blood samples on the 11th day. Morphological and histopathological changes were examined in the intestinal tissue samples. Villus length and mucosal thickness, as well as the villus length/crypt ratio, were significantly decreased with MTX administration, and the semi-quantitative histological evaluation (SQHE) score was measured high (p<0.001). In addition, a decrease in the antioxidant parameters and an increase in the MDA levels were identified. The villus length and SQHE were significantly different in the groups receiving RJ (p<0.001) as compared to the MTX group. Although RJ addition had no effect on the decreased mucosal thickness and villus/crypt ratio in MTX groups, it caused an improvement in the antioxidant levels and a remarkable decrease in MDA levels. Adding RJ has a decreasing effect on the MTX-induced intestinal damage and it has a suppressive effect on MTX-induced oxidative stress by means of increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and decreasing lipid peroxidation.
authors: Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey. drleylagul@gmail.com
authors: Leylagül
authors: L
authors: Kaynar
authors: Aysun
authors: A
authors: Cetin
authors: Sibel K
authors: SK
authors: Hacioglu
authors: Barış
authors: B
authors: Eser
authors: İsmail
authors: İ
authors: Koçyigit
authors: Özlem
authors: Ö
authors: Canöz
authors: Arzu
authors: A
authors: Tasdemir
authors: Canan
authors: C
authors: Karadag
authors: Fatih
authors: F
authors: Kurnaz
authors: Recep
authors: R
authors: Saraymen
authors: Sibel
authors: S
authors: Silici
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056705:Apitherapy; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D052016:Mucositis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000099219:Royal Jelly
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D000975:Antioxidants; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008727:Methotrexate; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000099219:Royal Jelly
keywords: Rat; methotrexate; mucositis; oxidative stress; royal jelly
references: Nat Rev Cancer. 2004 Apr;4(4):277-84
references: 15057287
references: J Lab Clin Med. 1967 Jul;70(1):158-69
references: 6066618
references: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000 Jun;25(12):1269-78
references: 10871732
references: Exp Gerontol. 2003 Sep;38(9):965-9
references: 12954483
references: Anal Biochem. 1979 Jun;95(2):351-8
references: 36810
references: Clin Exp Allergy. 1997 Mar;27(3):333-6
references: 9088660
references: Toxicon. 2007 Aug;50(2):256-69
references: 17490698
references: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2004 Jan;68(1):138-45
references: 14745176
references: Dig Dis Sci. 2004 Jan;49(1):65-72
references: 14992437
references: Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2009 Mar;61(2):123-32
references: 18693095
references: Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 1996 Jan;19(1):31-8
references: 8654043
references: J Cell Physiol. 2007 Jan;210(1):144-52
references: 16998802
references: Drugs. 2001;61(5):641-84
references: 11368288
references: J Support Oncol. 2007 Oct;5(9 Suppl 4):3-11
references: 18046993
references: Exp Gerontol. 2007 Jul;42(7):594-600
references: 17383134
references: Ann Oncol. 2007 May;18(5):817-26
references: 17030544
references: J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1997 Jul;12(7):495-9
references: 9257239
references: Cell Biochem Funct. 1998 Dec;16(4):283-93
references: 9857491
references: Clin Chem. 1988 Mar;34(3):497-500
references: 3349599
references: Oncology (Williston Park). 2002 May;16(5):680-6; discussion 686, 691-2, 695
references: 12108892