title: Efficacy profiles for different concentrations of Lactobacillus acidophilus in experimental colitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy profiles of different concentrations of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) for treating colitis using an experimental murine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Colitis was established in 64 BALB/c mice by adding 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to the drinking water and allowing ad libitum access for 7 d. The mice were then randomly divided into the following control and experimental model groups (n = 8 each; day 0): untreated model control; negative-treatment model control (administered gavage of 1 mL/10 g normal saline); experimental-treatment models C4-C8 (administered gavage of 10(4), 10(5), 10(6), 10(7), or 10(8) CFU/10 g L. acidophilus, respectively); positive-treatment model control (administration of the anti-inflammatory agent prednisone acetate at 45 μg/10 g). Eight mice given regular water (no DSS) and no subsequent treatments served as the normal control group. Body weight, fecal traits, and presence of fecal occult blood were assessed daily. All animals were sacrificed on post-treatment day 7 to measure colonic length, perform histological scoring, and quantify the major bacteria in the proximal and distal colon. Intergroup differences were determined by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Student-Newman-Keuls comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All treatments (L. acidophilus and prednisone acetate) protected against colitis-induced weight loss (P < 0.05 vs model and normal control groups). The extent of colitis-induced colonic shortening was significantly reduced by all treatments (prednisone acetate > C4 > C5 > C7 > C8 > C6; P < 0.05 vs untreated model group), and the C6 group showed colonic length similar to that of the normal control group (P > 0.05). The C6 group also had the lowest disease activity index scores among the model groups. The bacterial profiles in the proximal colon were similar between all of the experimental-treatment model groups (all P > 0.05). In contrast, the bacterial profile in the distal colon of the C6 group showed the distinctive features (P < 0.05 vs all other experimental-treatment model groups) of Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp. being the most abundant bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus being the least abundant bacteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most therapeutically efficacious concentration of L. acidophilus (10(6) CFU/10 g) may exert its effects by modulating the bacterial profile in the distal colon.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China. chenlinlinmedical@gmail.com
authors: Lin-Lin
authors: LL
authors: Chen
authors: Yi-You
authors: YY
authors: Zou
authors: Fang-Gen
authors: FG
authors: Lu
authors: Fu-Jun
authors: FJ
authors: Li
authors: Guang-Hui
authors: GH
authors: Lian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001835:Body Weight; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000254:growth & development*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011241:Prednisone / Q000494:pharmacology; D019936:Probiotics
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D011241:Prednisone
keywords: Bifidobacterium; Colonic flora; Efficacy profile; Experimental colitis; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Therapeutic dose
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