title: The use of levoglucosan and radiocarbon for source apportionment of PM(2.5) carbonaceous aerosols at a background site in East China.
abstract: Samples of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were collected during July 2009 to March 2010 at a regional background site in East China. The mass concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were characterized by the highest levels in winter (December to February) and the lowest abundances in summer (June to August). Conversely, the concentrations of levoglucosan were higher in summer than in winter. The observations were associated to the anthropogenic air pollutions (predominantly fossil-fuel combustions) transport from the center and north China with the northwest winds in winter and large contribution of the open biomass burning activities in South China and East China in summer, which was evident by air-mass trajectories and MODIS satellite fire counts. To assign fossil and nonfossil contributions of carbonaceous matters, the radiocarbon contents in water-insoluble OC (WINSOC) and EC in 4 combined samples representing four seasons were analyzed using the isolation system established in China. The results indicated that biomass burning and biogenic sources (59%) were the major contribution to the WINSOC, whereas fossil fuel (78%) was the dominant contributor to the refractory EC at this site. The source variation obtained by radiocarbon was consistent with other indicators, such as the OC/EC ratios and the levoglucosan concentration. Biomass burning and biogenic emissions were found to predominate in the summer and autumn, whereas fossil fuel emissions predominate in winter and spring.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors: Di
authors: D
authors: Liu
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Yanlin
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Yue
authors: Y
authors: Xu
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Ding
authors: Chengde
authors: C
authors: Shen
authors: Yingjun
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Chongguo
authors: C
authors: Tian
authors: Gan
authors: G
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D018533:Biomass; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005579:Fossil Fuels; D005947:Glucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005579:Fossil Fuels; D052638:Particulate Matter; C014989:1,6-anhydro-beta-glucopyranose; D002244:Carbon; D005947:Glucose