title: Effect of different tetra pack juices on microhardness of direct tooth colored-restorative materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of apple and orange juices on the surface hardness of direct tooth-colored restorative materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  The materials included resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Vitremer 3M™ ESPE™ Core buildup restorative) and composite resin (Filtek™ 3M™ ESPE™ Z350). A total of 45 disks of each restorative material were prepared. The disks were divided into groups of 15, which were immersed for 7 days in deionized water (G1/G4, control group), apple juice (G2/G5), or orange juice (G3/G6). The pH of the apple juice was approximately 4.8 and the pH of the orange juice was approximately 4.9. Surface hardness tests were performed before immersion and at various times following immersion. Statistical analysis included two-way ANOVA with repeated measurement and Tukey's test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure to juices significantly reduced the hardness of both materials (p < 0.05), while deionized water did not affect the surface hardness of either material. The ionomer cement experienced a greater reduction than the composite resin (p = 0.000). There was no significant difference in the effect of apple and orange juices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Juice box-type fruit juices reduced the hardness of direct tooth-colored restorative materials. Material selection should be considered when planning restorations in patients who have experienced tooth surface loss. In terms of the materials evaluated in this study, the composite material provides greater durability under acidic conditions.
authors: Department of Operative Dentistry, Dr-Ishrat-Ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Science, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors: Nazish
authors: N
authors: Fatima
authors: Syed Yawar Ali
authors: SY
authors: Abidi
authors: Fazal-Ur-Rehaman
authors: FU
authors: Qazi
authors: Shahbaz Ahmed
authors: SA
authors: Jat
keywords: Erosion; Esthetic restorative material; Fruit juices; Resin composite; Resin modified glass ionomer; Surface microhardness
references: Dent Update. 2000 May;27(4):175-83
references: 11218452
references: Dent Mater. 2001 Jan;17(1):53-9
references: 11124414
references: J Oral Rehabil. 2002 Sep;29(9):864-71
references: 12366542
references: Eur J Oral Sci. 1996 Apr;104(2 ( Pt 2)):151-5
references: 8804882
references: Oper Dent. 2005 Sep-Oct;30(5):661-6
references: 16268403
references: J Prosthet Dent. 2002 Jun;87(6):650-6
references: 12131888
references: Monogr Oral Sci. 2006;20:200-214
references: 16687896
references: J Dent. 2006 Mar;34(3):214-20
references: 16087287
references: J Oral Rehabil. 2004 Nov;31(11):1046-52
references: 15525381
references: J Dent Res. 1984 Oct;63(10):1248-54
references: 6592209
references: Int Dent J. 2005;55(4 Suppl 1):285-90
references: 16167607
references: Biomaterials. 2003 Oct;24(22):4063-9
references: 12834602
references: J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2006 Sep;17(9):869-73
references: 16932870
references: Eur J Dent. 2011 Jan;5(1):89-100
references: 21311608
references: Oper Dent. 2008 Mar-Apr;33(2):203-8
references: 18435196
references: J Esthet Restor Dent. 2011 Oct;23(5):315-22
references: 21977954
references: Quintessence Int. 1994 Sep;25(9):587-9
references: 7568709
references: Caries Res. 2004;38 Suppl 1:34-44
references: 14685022
references: Dent Mater. 1999 Sep;15(5):303-9
references: 10863425