title: Advances in lipase-catalyzed esterification reactions.
abstract: Lipase-catalyzed esterification reactions are among the most significant chemical and biochemical processes of industrial relevance. Lipases catalyze hydrolysis as well as esterification reactions. Enzyme-catalyzed esterification has acquired increasing attention in many applications, due to the significance of the derived products. More specifically, the lipase-catalyzed esterification reactions attracted research interest during the past decade, due to an increased use of organic esters in biotechnology and the chemical industry. Lipases, as hydrolyzing agents are active in environments, which contain a minimum of two distinct phases, where all reactants are partitioned between these phases, although their distribution is not fixed and changes as the reaction proceeds. The kinetics of the lipase-catalyzed reactions is governed by a number of factors. This article presents a thorough and descriptive evaluation of the applied trends and perspectives concerning the enzymatic esterification, mainly for biofuel production; an emphasis is given on essential factors, which affect the lipase-catalyzed esterification reaction. Moreover, the art of using bacterial and/or fungal strains for whole cell biocatalysis purposes, as well as carrying out catalysis by various forms of purified lipases from bacterial and fungal sources is also reviewed.
authors: University of Ioannina, Department of Chemistry, Group of Enzyme Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Ioannina 45110, Greece. Electronic address: pstergiu@cc.uoi.gr.
authors: Panagiota-Yiolanda
authors: PY
authors: Stergiou
authors: Athanasios
authors: A
authors: Foukis
authors: Michalis
authors: M
authors: Filippou
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Koukouritaki
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Parapouli
authors: Leonidas G
authors: LG
authors: Theodorou
authors: Efstathios
authors: E
authors: Hatziloukas
authors: Amalia
authors: A
authors: Afendra
authors: Ashok
authors: A
authors: Pandey
authors: Emmanuel M
authors: EM
authors: Papamichael
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D056804:Biofuels; D019149:Bioreactors; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D004951:Esterification; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008049:Lipase
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D056804:Biofuels; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008049:Lipase
keywords: Biofuel; Ester yield; Esterification; Influence of pH; Lipase immobilization; Lipases; Water activity; Whole cell biocatalysis