title: Small RNAs tackle large viruses: RNA interference-based antiviral defense against DNA viruses in insects.
abstract: The antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) pathway processes viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into viral small interfering RNAs (vsiRNA) that guide the recognition and cleavage of complementary viral target RNAs. In RNA virus infections, viral replication intermediates, dsRNA genomes or viral structured RNAs have been implicated as Dicer-2 substrates. In a recent publication, we demonstrated that a double-stranded DNA virus, Invertebrate iridescent virus 6, is a target of the Drosophila RNAi machinery, and we proposed that overlapping converging transcripts base pair to form the dsRNA substrates for vsiRNA biogenesis. Here, we discuss the role of RNAi in antiviral defense to DNA viruses in Drosophila and other invertebrate model systems.
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences; Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity; Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Alfred W
authors: AW
authors: Bronkhorst
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences; Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity; Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Pascal
authors: P
authors: Miesen
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences; Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity; Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Ronald P
authors: RP
authors: van Rij
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060565:Argonaute Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D049750:Genome, Insect; D008957:Models, Genetic; D018448:Models, Immunological; D020365:RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D034622:RNA Interference / Q000502:physiology*; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000502:physiology*; D043244:Ribonuclease III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C433807:AGO2 protein, Drosophila; D060565:Argonaute Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; C478069:DCR-2 protein, Drosophila; D043244:Ribonuclease III; D020365:RNA Helicases
keywords: Argonaute; Dicer; Drosophila; Iridoviridae; RNA silencing; antiviral immunity; insect immunity; next-generation sequencing; small RNA profiling; small silencing RNA
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