title: Evidence for the role of AMPK in regulating PGC-1 alpha expression and mitochondrial proteins in mouse epididymal adipose tissue.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  PGC-1α is a transcriptional co-activator and master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. While extensively studied in skeletal and cardiac muscle, recent findings suggest that white adipose tissue PGC-1α plays an important role in regulating glucose homeostasis. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the role of AMPK in regulating PGC-1α and mitochondrial enzymes in mouse epididymal and inguinal subcutaneous adipose tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mitochondrial protein content and norepinephrine and CL 316,243-induced PGC-1α mRNA expression were studied in mouse epididymal and inguinal adipose tissue from wild-type and AMPK β1(-/-) mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The protein content and phosphorylation of AMPKα was reduced in epididymal adipose tissue from AMPK β1(-/-) compared to WT mice, concomitant with decreases in PGC-1α and mitochondrial marker proteins. Norepinephrine and CL 316,243-mediated induction of PGC-1α were decreased in cultured epididymal adipose tissue from AMPK β1(-/-) relative to WT mice. In inguinal adipose tissue from AMPK β1(-/-) mice, mitochondrial marker protein content and norepinephrine and CL 316,243-mediated increases in PGC-1α were normal despite reductions in the content and phosphorylation of AMPKα.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Norepinephrine- and CL 316,243-mediated induction of PGC-1α and mitochondrial protein expression is regulated by AMPK in epididymal, but not inguinal adipose tissue.
authors: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Zhongxiao
authors: Z
authors: Wan
authors: Jared
authors: J
authors: Root-McCaig
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Castellani
authors: Bruce E
authors: BE
authors: Kemp
authors: Gregory R
authors: GR
authors: Steinberg
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Wright
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004822:Epididymis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; C485290:Ppargc1a protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; C554549:Prkab1 protein, mouse; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D009638:Norepinephrine