title: Clinicopathologic significance of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with stem cell subtype components with reference to the expression of putative stem cell markers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the clinicopathologic features of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (HC-CC), which the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed classifying into 2 types, and the expression of delta-like 1 homolog (DLK1), as well as putative stem cell markers, such as NCAM/CD56 and CD133.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study we examined the expression of stem cell markers using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six cases of combined HC-CC were subclassified into 24 cases, with more than 5% stem cell features (group B) and 12 cases with less than 5% stem cell areas (group A). The postoperative overall survival rate was worse for group B than for group A. DLK1 was frequently expressed in group B cases compared with group A, hepatocellular carcinoma, and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 2010 WHO classification seems important for elucidating the pathogenesis of stem cell-related liver cancers.
authors: Section of Diagnostic Pathology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan. h-ikeda@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
authors: Hiroko
authors: H
authors: Ikeda
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Harada
authors: Yasunori
authors: Y
authors: Sato
authors: Motoko
authors: M
authors: Sasaki
authors: Norihide
authors: N
authors: Yoneda
authors: Seiko
authors: S
authors: Kitamura
authors: Yoshiko
authors: Y
authors: Sudo
authors: Akishi
authors: A
authors: Ooi
authors: Yasuni
authors: Y
authors: Nakanuma
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C512941:DLK1 protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides
keywords: Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma; DLK1; Hepatoblast; NCAM/CD56; Stem cells