title: Diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis in Austrian children: a population-based analysis, 1989-2011.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the effect of a community-based, poster-focused prevention program on the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diabetes onset in Austria.
  
  
  METHODS
  All newly diagnosed patients with diabetes ≤ 15 years of age were registered prospectively by the Austrian Diabetes Incidence Study Group. Registered data included initial blood glucose, pH, and ketonuria. DKA was defined as pH < 7.3 and severe DKA as pH < 7.1. Data between 1989 and 2011 were available. In autumn, 2009, a community-based prevention program similar to the Parma Campaign, in which posters were dispensed broadly, was initiated. The frequency of DKA at the onset of diabetes in the years 2005-2009 and 2010-2011 was compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 4038 children were registered. A total of 37.2% presented with DKA; 26% had a mild and 11.2% a severe form. The frequency of DKA was negatively associated with age at onset. In the years before the intervention program, 26% had mild DKA compared with 27% after the intervention (not significant). The prevalence of severe DKA in the years before the campaign was 12% compared with 9.5% thereafter (not significant). No significant change in the DKA rate at onset by the prevention program could be found when we compared age groups <5, 5 to <10, and 10 to <15 years, neither for mild nor for severe DKA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of DKA in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in Austria is high and did not change despite the efforts of a community-based information program.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Fritsch
authors: Edith
authors: E
authors: Schober
authors: Birgit
authors: B
authors: Rami-Merhar
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Hofer
authors: Elke
authors: E
authors: Fröhlich-Reiterer
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Waldhoer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D001317:Austria / Q000453:epidemiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003153:Community Health Services; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D058015:Health Communication; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D015994:Incidence; D007662:Ketosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011315:Preventive Medicine / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011634:Public Health; D012042:Registries
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: DKA; DMT1; Diabetic ketoacidosis; Type 1 diabetes mellitus