title: Core modular blood and brain biomarkers in social defeat mouse model for post traumatic stress disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe anxiety disorder that affects a substantial portion of combat veterans and poses serious consequences to long-term health. Consequently, the identification of diagnostic and prognostic blood biomarkers for PTSD is of great interest. Previously, we assessed genome-wide gene expression of seven brain regions and whole blood in a social defeat mouse model subjected to various stress conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To extract biological insights from these data, we have applied a new computational framework for identifying gene modules that are activated in common across blood and various brain regions. Our results, in the form of modular gene networks that highlight spatial and temporal biological functions, provide a systems-level molecular description of response to social stress. Specifically, the common modules discovered between the brain and blood emphasizes molecular transporters in the blood-brain barrier, and the associated genes have significant overlaps with known blood signatures for PTSD, major depression, and bipolar disease. Similarly, the common modules specific to the brain highlight the components of the social defeat stress response (e.g., fear conditioning pathways) in each brain sub-region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many of the brain-specific genes discovered are consistent with previous independent studies of PTSD or other mental illnesses. The results from this study further our understanding of the mechanism of stress response and contribute to a growing list of diagnostic biomarkers for PTSD.
authors: Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5080, USA.
authors: Ruoting
authors: R
authors: Yang
authors: Bernie J
authors: BJ
authors: Daigle
authors: Seid Y
authors: SY
authors: Muhie
authors: Rasha
authors: R
authors: Hammamieh
authors: Marti
authors: M
authors: Jett
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Petzold
authors: Francis J
authors: FJ
authors: Doyle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
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