title: High risk human papillomavirus type 16 and 18 infection in the cervical lesions of women with epithelial cell abnormality in Pap smear: A cytohistomorphologic association in Bangladeshi women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to find out the extent of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) type 16/18 infection in the cervical tissue of women with epithelial cell abnormality in Pap smear and to establish an association between hrHPV type 16/18 infection and cytohistomorphology.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 1699 patients who went through Pap smear examination. Prevalence of epithelial cell abnormality was calculated. Forty eight of these women underwent routine histopathology and 47 were evaluated for human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16/18 by polymerase chain reaction assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total 139 women revealed epithelial cell abnormality. Histopathology showed simple inflammation to malignancy. HPV type 16/18 infection was detected in 40.42% (19/47) of the patients. Individually type 16 and 18 were positive in 7 (14.9%) cases each and dual infection with type 16 and 18 were seen in 5 (10.6%) cases. While cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN 1) and < CIN 1 lesions showed 18.75% (3 out of 16) and 35% (7 out of 20) positivity respectively, ≥CIN 2 lesions revealed positivity of 81.82% (9 out of 11). Eighty percent HPV 16/18 positivity was seen in women of < 30 years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study will contribute to HPV 16/18 knowledge in Bangladesh that will be useful in assessing the success of current vaccines with limited type spectra and augmenting cervical cancer screening strategies.
authors: Unit of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, 08100 Bedong, Kedah, Darul Aman, Malaysia ; Department of Pathology, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
authors: Urmila
authors: U
authors: Banik
authors: M Shahab Uddin
authors: MS
authors: Ahamad
authors: Pradip
authors: P
authors: Bhattacharjee
authors: Arun Kumar
authors: AK
authors: Adhikary
authors: Zillur
authors: Z
authors: Rahman
keywords: Cervical cancer; Pap smear; human papillomavirus
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