title: Cerebral arteriovenous malformation presenting with polycythemia vera: A case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) usually present with headache, hemorrhage, or seizure. Erythropoietin (EPO) has demonstrated protective effects against ischemia within the CNS.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors report a patient with a cerebral AVM and concurrent polycythemia associated with elevated serum EPO. Systemic EPO levels declined acutely after resection of the patient's AVM, and the polycythemia resolved in the following months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polycythemia secondary to a cerebral AVM, in the absence of extra-cerebral vascular lesions, has not been described in the literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors explore the mechanisms by which this patient's cerebral AVM could have induced EPO production within the brain, manifesting as polycythemia.
authors: Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Electronic address: msami@iupui.edu.
authors: Mairaj T
authors: MT
authors: Sami
authors: Bradley N
authors: BN
authors: Bohnstedt
authors: Eyas M
authors: EM
authors: Hattab
authors: Raymond
authors: R
authors: Markham
authors: Aaron A
authors: AA
authors: Cohen-Gadol
keywords: AVM; Arteriovenous malformation; BBB; EPO; Erythropoietin; MRI; Microsurgical resection; Neurosurgical procedures; Polycythemia; TNFα; VEGF; arteriovenous malformations; blood–brain barrier; erythropoietin; magnetic resonance imaging; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; vascular endothelial growth factor
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