title: Natalisin, a tachykinin-like signaling system, regulates sexual activity and fecundity in insects.
abstract: An arthropod-specific peptidergic system, the neuropeptide designated here as natalisin and its receptor, was identified and investigated in three holometabolous insect species: Drosophila melanogaster, Tribolium castaneum, and Bombyx mori. In all three species, natalisin expression was observed in 3-4 pairs of the brain neurons: the anterior dorso-lateral interneurons, inferior contralateral interneurons, and small pars intercerebralis neurons. In B. mori, natalisin also was expressed in two additional pairs of contralateral interneurons in the subesophageal ganglion. Natalisin-RNAi and the activation or silencing of the neural activities in the natalisin-specific cells in D. melanogaster induced significant defects in the mating behaviors of both males and females. Knockdown of natalisin expression in T. castaneum resulted in significant reduction in the fecundity. The similarity of the natalisin C-terminal motifs to those of vertebrate tachykinins and of tachykinin-related peptides in arthropods led us to identify the natalisin receptor. A G protein-coupled receptor, previously known as tachykinin receptor 86C (also known as the neurokinin K receptor of D. melanogaster), now has been recognized as a bona fide natalisin receptor. Taken together, the taxonomic distribution pattern of the natalisin gene and the phylogeny of the receptor suggest that natalisin is an ancestral sibling of tachykinin that evolved only in the arthropod lineage.
authors: Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.
authors: Hongbo
authors: H
authors: Jiang
authors: Ankhbayar
authors: A
authors: Lkhagva
authors: Ivana
authors: I
authors: Daubnerová
authors: Hyo-Seok
authors: HS
authors: Chae
authors: Ladislav
authors: L
authors: Šimo
authors: Sung-Hwan
authors: SH
authors: Jung
authors: Yeu-Kyung
authors: YK
authors: Yoon
authors: Na-Rae
authors: NR
authors: Lee
authors: Jae Young
authors: JY
authors: Seong
authors: Dušan
authors: D
authors: Žitňan
authors: Yoonseong
authors: Y
authors: Park
authors: Young-Joon
authors: YJ
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D012831:Bombyx / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007313:Insecta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007395:Interneurons / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D034622:RNA Interference; D018039:Receptors, Tachykinin / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015320:Tachykinins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014231:Tribolium / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D018039:Receptors, Tachykinin; D015320:Tachykinins; C584790:natalisin protein, Drosophila
keywords: CG34388; CG6515; GPCR; NTL; NTLR
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