title: Key components of an effective mentoring relationship: a qualitative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the recognized importance of mentoring, little is known about specific mentoring behaviors that result in positive outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify key components of an effective mentoring relationship identified by protégés-mentor dyads in an academic setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this qualitative study, purposive sampling resulted in geographic diversity and representation of a range of academic disciplines. Participants were from 12 universities in three regions of the U.S. (South, n=5; Northeast, n=4; Midwest, n=2) and Puerto Rico (n=1). Academic disciplines included natural sciences (51%), nursing/health sciences (31%), engineering (8%), and technology (1%). Twelve workshops using the Technology of Participation method were held with 117 mentor-protégé dyads. Consensus was reached regarding the key components of an effective mentoring relationship.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Conventional content analysis, in which coding categories were informed by the literature and derived directly from the data, was employed. Eight themes described key components of an effective mentoring relationship: (1) open communication and accessibility; (2) goals and challenges; (3) passion and inspiration; (4) caring personal relationship; (5) mutual respect and trust; (6) exchange of knowledge; (7) independence and collaboration; and (8) role modeling. Described within each theme are specific mentor-protégé behaviors and interactions, identified needs of both protégé and mentor in the relationship, and desirable personal qualities of mentor and protégé.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings can inform a dialog between existing nurse mentor-protégé dyads as well as student nurses and faculty members considering a mentoring relationship. Nurse educators can evaluate and modify their mentoring behaviors as needed, thereby strengthening the mentor-protégé relationship to ensure positive outcomes of the learning process.
authors: Rutgers University, College of Nursing, 180 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA. Electronic address: eller@rutgers.edu.
authors: Lucille Sanzero
authors: LS
authors: Eller
authors: Rutgers University, College of Nursing, 180 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA. Electronic address: eliselev@rutgers.edu.
authors: Elise L
authors: EL
authors: Lev
authors: Bon Secours Memorial College of Nursing, 8550 Magellan Parkway, Richmond, VA 23227, USA. Electronic address: Amy_Feurer@bshsi.org.
authors: Amy
authors: A
authors: Feurer
mesh_terms: D008611:Mentors; D036301:Qualitative Research; D013338:Students, Nursing; D014481:United States
keywords: Mentoring; Mentor–protégé dyads; Nursing education; Nursing students; Qualitative research
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