title: Male European eels are highly efficient long distance swimmers: effects of endurance swimming on maturation.
abstract: European eels (Anguilla anguilla) migrate ~6000km towards their spawning area in the Sargasso Sea. Based on the recent discovery that males swim even more efficiently than females, it was predicted that males also would be able to swim ~6000km within six months. Additionally, eels do not mature naturally in captivity due to strong neural inhibition. Earlier, it was hypothesized that swimming exercise is a natural trigger to induce sexual maturation and may even result in full maturation. In the present study two groups of farmed male silver eels were subjected to either endurance swimming or resting for up to 6months. It was found that male eels were able to swim continuously for a total distance of 6670km within 6months. The body weight decrease in swimming and resting males after 6months was similar (<30g) underlining the extreme low energy cost of swimming. In contrast to our expectation long-term swimming did not induce sexual maturation in farmed silver eels, suggesting that swimming alone is not sufficient as a trigger for sexual maturation. In conclusion, male eels are efficient long distance swimmers and likely able to cover the distance to the Sargasso Sea within the expected time span of 6months.
authors: Molecular Cell Biology, Institute Biology Leiden, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands; NewCatch B.V., J.H. Oortweg 19, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: e.burgerhout@biology.leidenuniv.nl.
authors: Erik
authors: E
authors: Burgerhout
authors: Sebastiaan A
authors: SA
authors: Brittijn
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Tudorache
authors: Daniëlle L
authors: DL
authors: de Wijze
authors: Ron P
authors: RP
authors: Dirks
authors: Guido E E J M
authors: GE
authors: van den Thillart
mesh_terms: D000811:Anguilla / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D025041:Animal Migration; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D008297:Male; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010807:Physical Endurance; D005082:Physical Exertion; D013091:Spermatogenesis; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone
keywords: Anguilla anguilla; Dopaminergic inhibition; Gonadotropins; Maturation; Migration; Swimming efficiency