title: Resting heart rate in patients with ischemic heart disease in Saudi Arabia and Egypt.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the level of resting heart rate (RHR) in an outpatient population presenting with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) as well as to measure its association with current therapeutic management strategies for cardiovascular events.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multi-center cross-sectional survey was carried out in Saudi Arabia and Egypt over a three month period (between January 2007 and April 2007). 2049 patients with CAD without clinical heart failure (HF) were included in this study through "cluster sampling". RHR was measured by manual palpitation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of CAD patients was 56.7 ± 10.4 and the mean RHR was 78.9 ± 13.9 b/m. 1686 patients (83.1%) were on β-blockers for whom the RHR was 78.5 ± 14.0 b/m (95.5% had RHR ⩾ 60 b/m, which is higher than recommended by the guidelines). 1094 (73.5%) of patients on β-blockers were on a lower dose, probably to avoid the complications associated with such a class. Among those not on β-blockers (16.9%), RHR was 80.9 ± 13.0 b/m. Moreover, 98 patients (4.8%) were on calcium channel blocker (diltiazem or verapamil) but not on β-blockers, for whom the RHR was 80.9 ± 12.0 b/m. Finally, 163 patients (8.0%) were on both β-blockers and the calcium channel blocker, and their RHR was 79.0 ± 14.4 b/m.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Optimal target RHR has not been achieved in a significant number of screened patients. Achievements of such targets are known to decrease mortality and to improve survival.
authors: Department of Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Abdulhalim J
authors: AJ
authors: Kinsara
authors: Hani K
authors: HK
authors: Najm
authors: Menwar Al
authors: MA
authors: Anazi
authors: Hani
authors: H
authors: Tamim
keywords: CAD, coronary artery disease; Egypt; HF, heart failure; NYHA, New York Heart Association Classification; Outcome; RHR, resting heart rate; Resting heart rate; Saudi Arabia
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