title: Imaging features of juxtacortical chondroma in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Juxtacortical chondroma is a rare benign bone lesion in children. Children usually present with a mildly painful mass, which prompts diagnostic imaging studies. The rarity of this condition often presents a diagnostic challenge. Correct diagnosis is crucial in guiding surgical management.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the characteristic imaging findings of juxtacortical chondroma in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified all children who were diagnosed with juxtacortical chondroma between 1998 and 2012. A single experienced pediatric radiologist reviewed all diagnostic imaging studies, including plain radiographs, CT, MR and bone scans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven children (5 boys and 2 girls) with juxtacortical chondroma were identified, ranging in age from 6 years to 16 years (mean 12.3 years). Mild pain and a palpable mass were present in all seven children. Plain radiographs were available in 6/7, MR in 7/7, CT in 4/7 and skeletal scintigraphy in 5/7 children. Three lesions were located in the proximal humerus, with one each in the distal radius, distal femur, proximal tibia and scapula. Radiographic and CT features deemed highly suggestive of juxtacortical chondroma included cortical scalloping, underlying cortical sclerosis and overhanging margins. MRI features consistent with juxtacortical chondroma included isointensity to skeletal muscle on T1, marked hyperintensity on T2 and peripheral rim enhancement after contrast agent administration. One of seven lesions demonstrated intramedullary extension, and 2/7 showed adjacent soft-tissue edema.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Juxtacortical chondroma is an uncommon benign lesion in children with characteristic features on plain radiographs, CT and MR. Recognition of these features is invaluable in guiding appropriate surgical management.
authors: Department of Radiological Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-3678, USA, Stephen.miller@stjude.org.
authors: Stephen F
authors: SF
authors: Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002812:Chondroma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D018217:Osteosarcoma, Juxtacortical / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
references: Skeletal Radiol. 1998 Jun;27(6):337-40
references: 9677652
references: Histopathology. 2012 Jan;60(2):363-5
references: 22074484
references: Surg Today. 2001;31(12):1074-8
references: 11827186
references: Skeletal Radiol. 1999 Jan;28(1):1-20
references: 10068070
references: J Orthop Sci. 2008 Sep;13(5):476-80
references: 18843465
references: J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2012 Jul;34(5):378-82
references: 22246151
references: J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2001 May-Jun;25(3):425-30
references: 11351194
references: J Hand Surg Br. 2005 Aug;30(4):401-5
references: 15935532
references: Int J Surg. 2009 Apr;7(2):140-1
references: 19185557
references: Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2000;120(10):605-8
references: 11110148
references: Am J Surg Pathol. 1985 Sep;9(9):666-77
references: 4051099
references: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001 Nov;177(5):1183-8
references: 11641198
references: Pediatr Radiol. 1998 Nov;28(11):899
references: 9799329
references: J Hand Surg Br. 1999 Dec;24(6):747-9
references: 10672819
references: Skeletal Radiol. 1981;6(1):15-20
references: 6936836