title: Association between 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism and new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a well-recognized complication of kidney transplantation and is associated with poor outcomes. Both adiponectin and chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) proteins are related to glucose metabolism and genetic variations in their genes can lead to development of NODAT. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of adiponectin and CCL5 genes polymorphisms with NODAT in a population of Caucasian kidney transplant recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seventy Caucasian kidney transplant recipients (83 with NODAT and 187 without NODAT) were included in a nested case-control study. Patients with pretransplantation diabetes mellitus and multiorgan transplantation were excluded. NODAT diagnosis was determined by American Diabetes Association criteria. Subjects were genotyped for 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism (rs1501299) and rs2280789 and rs3817655 CCL5 gene polymorphisms by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TT genotype of 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism was significantly more frequent in NODAT than non-NODAT patients compared with GG/GT genotypes (recessive model; P=0.031). TT genotype was identified as an independent risk factor for NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients after adjusting for age at transplantation, pretransplantation body mass index, and use of tacrolimus (TT vs. GG/GT, hazard ratio=1.88, 95% confidence interval=1.03-3.45, P=0.041). There were no differences in genotype distribution and allele frequency of rs2280789 and rs3817655 CCL5 gene polymorphisms between NODAT and non-NODAT groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism is associated with NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients.
authors.affiliation: 1 Post Graduation Medicine Program: Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 2 Nutrition Course, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 3 Division of Nephrology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 4 Post Graduation Medical Sciences Program: Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 5 Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 6 Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 7 Address correspondence to: Luiz Felipe Santos Gonçalves, M.D., Ph.D., Division of Nephrology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, 2350 Ramiro Barcelos Street, Room 2030, ZIP code 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Nicoletto
authors.forename: Gabriela C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Natasha K O
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Analaura
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Centenaro
authors.forename: Roberto C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Manfro
authors.forename: Luís Henrique S
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Canani
authors.forename: Luiz Felipe Santos
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000235:genetics; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; C483024:CCL5 protein, human; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D005947:Glucose