title: Apolipoprotein E as a β-amyloid-independent factor in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: APOE, which encodes apolipoprotein E, is the most prevalent and best established genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Current understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology posits an important role for apolipoprotein E in the disease cascade via its interplay with β-amyloid. However, evidence is also emerging for roles of apolipoprotein E in the disease process that are independent of β-amyloid. Particular areas of interest are lipid metabolism, tau pathology, neuroenergetics, neurodevelopment, synaptic plasticity, the neurovasculature, and neuroinflammation. The intent of this article is to review the literature in each of these areas.
authors.affiliation: Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12631 E 17th Avenue, AO1 Room 2601, Mail Stop B176, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Midwestern University, 19555 North 59th Avenue,, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA ; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ USA.
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valla
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd S, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
authors.forename: Guojun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd S, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
authors.forename: Jungsu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Illinois, 1853 W Polk St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Jo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: LaDu
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ USA ; Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, 901 E Willetta St, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA ; Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), 445 N Fifth St, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA ; Department of Psychiatry, University of AZ, 435 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Reiman
authors.affiliation: Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ USA ; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Caselli