title: Cells-nano interactions and molecular toxicity after delayed hypersensitivity, in guinea pigs on exposure to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles.
abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the cells-nanoparticle interactions and molecular toxicity after delayed hypersensitivity in Guinea pigs, exposed to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANP). The study focuses on synthesizing and characterizing HANPs and gaining an insight into the cytotoxicity, molecular toxicity, hypersensitivity and oxidative stress caused by them in vitro and in vivo. HANP was synthesized by chemical method and characterized by standard methods. Cytotoxicity was assessed on L929 cells by MTT assay and in vitro studies were carried out on rat liver homogenate. In vivo study was carried out by topical exposure of Guinea pigs with HANP, repeatedly, and evaluating the skin sensitization potential, blood parameters, oxidative stress in liver and brain and DNA damage (8-hydroxyl-2-deoxyguanosine: 8-OHdG) in liver. The results of the study indicated that there was no cytotoxicity (up to 600μg/mL) and oxidative damage (up to 100μg/mL), when exposed to HANPs. It was also evident that, there was no skin sensitization and oxidative damage when HANP were exposed to Guinea pigs.
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 012, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Geetha
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Remya
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Leji
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Syama
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Reshma
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Sreekanth
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Varma
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Mohanan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D017886:Durapatite
keywords: 8-OHdG; Antioxidant enzymes; Delayed hypersensitivity; HANP; LPO