title: Human gut microbiota changes reveal the progression of glucose intolerance.
abstract: To explore the relationship of gut microbiota with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), we analyzed 121 subjects who were divided into 3 groups based on their glucose intolerance status: normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 44), prediabetes (Pre-DM; n = 64), or newly diagnosed T2DM (n = 13). Gut microbiota characterizations were determined with 16S rDNA-based high-throughput sequencing. T2DM-related dysbiosis was observed, including the separation of microbial communities and a change of alpha diversity between the different glucose intolerance statuses. To assess the correlation between metabolic parameters and microbiota diversity, clinical characteristics were also measured and a significant association between metabolic parameters (FPG, CRP) and gut microbiota was found. In addition, a total of 28 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were found to be related to T2DM status by the Kruskal-Wallis H test, most of which were enriched in the T2DM group. Butyrate-producing bacteria (e.g. Akkermansia muciniphila ATCCBAA-835, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii L2-6) had a higher abundance in the NGT group than in the pre-DM group. At genus level, the abundance of Bacteroides in the T2DM group was only half that of the NGT and Pre-DM groups. Previously reported T2DM-related markers were also compared with the data in this study, and some inconsistencies were noted. We found that Verrucomicrobiae may be a potential marker of T2DM as it had a significantly lower abundance in both the pre-DM and T2DM groups. In conclusion, this research provides further evidence of the structural modulation of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Centre, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiuying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dongqian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Zhiwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Zhuye
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jie
authors.forename: Xinmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Chunfang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yingli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Linong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000235:genetics; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000382:microbiology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D064307:Microbiota / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D058889:Molecular Typing; D010802:Phylogeny; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000382:microbiology*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D061327:Verrucomicrobia / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S