title: Treatment with garlic restores membrane thiol content and ameliorates lead induced early death of erythrocytes in mice.
abstract: Sequelae of chronic lead (Pb(2+) ) toxicity includes anemia that is partially due to early death of erythrocytes characterized by excess accumulation of ROS and downregulation of antioxidant system causing oxidative stress and externalization of phosphatidylserine. In this study, pathophysiological based therapeutic application of garlic was evaluated against erythrocyte death. Results suggest that garlic administration prevents oxidative stress, restored the antioxidant balance in erythrocytes of Pb(2+) exposed mice. Moreover, in vitro studies revealed that activity of both scramblase and aminophospholipid translocase could be changed by modifying the critical sulfhydryl groups in presence of dithiothreitol during Pb(2+) exposure. Data also indicated that garlic treatment in Pb(2+) exposed mice exhibited sharp decline in PS exposure and increase in erythrocyte membrane thiol group followed by increase in aminophospholipid translocase activity and decline in scramblase activity. Findings indicated that garlic has the ability to restore the lifespan of erythrocytes during Pb(2+) exposure.
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Vidyasagar College, 39 Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata, 700006, India.
authors.forename: Avik
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Dipanwita
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sengupta
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.forename: Gargi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Kaustav
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dutta Chowdhury
authors.forename: Gobinda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chandra Sadhukhan
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005737:Garlic; D007854:Lead / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000378:metabolism; D049294:Phospholipid Transfer Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D049294:Phospholipid Transfer Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D007854:Lead
keywords: apoptosis; erythrocytes; garlic extract; lead (Pb2+); membrane thiol; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species (ROS)