title: Plasma break-down and re-build: same functional vertical graphenes from diverse natural precursors.
abstract: Plasmas, the 4(th) state of matter, uniformly transform natural precursors with different chemical composition in solid, liquid, and gas states into the same functional vertical graphenes in a single-step process within a few minutes. Functional vertical graphenes show reliable biosensing properties, strong binding with proteins, and improved adhesion to substrates.
authors.affiliation: Plasma Nanoscience, CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, NSW, 2070, Australia; Plasma Nanoscience @ Complex Systems, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Dong Han
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Amanda Evelyn
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Rider
authors.forename: Zhao Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Shailesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Kostya Ken
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Ostrikov
mesh_terms: D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D058626:Plasma Gases; D006108:Graphite
keywords: natural precursors; plasma; protein binding; sensors; vertical graphenes