title: Streamlined pretreatment and GC-FPD analysis of multi-pesticide residues in perennial Morinda roots: a tropical or subtropical plant.
abstract: In this study, a simple and rapid multi-pesticide residues analytical method has been developed and evaluated for simultaneous identification and quantification of 30 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) present at trace levels in perennial Morinda roots. Samples were firstly extracted and cleaned up with a streamlined method (modified QuEChERS), and then detected by gas chromatography with flame photometric detector (GC-FPD). For accurate quantification, representative matrix-matched calibration curves were applied to compensate matrix effects. Reasonable linearity was found in the concentration ranges of 0.04 and 1.28 μg mL(-1), with correlation coefficients r better than 0.9921 (0.9921-0.9998). The limits of detection (LODs) were between 0.005 and 0.02 μg mL(-1) for all investigated pesticides, while the limits of quantification (LOQs) were in the range of 0.01-0.04 μg mL(-1), below the regulatory maximum residue limits (MRL) suggested. Acceptable quantitative recoveries of 75.01-118.89% (96.0% on average) were achieved with relative standard deviations (RSD) varying from 0.89% to 9.80% (5.39% on average) at three different concentration levels of 0.05, 0.1 and 1.0 mg kg(-1). Out of all 40 batches of real samples, only fenitrothion was found in two samples, which was successfully confirmed by GC-MS. Based on these results, this analytical method has been proven to be fast, robust, accurate, selective, sensitive and easy to operate in the analysis of multiple pesticide residues in Morinda roots. Meanwhile, it also draws attention to the need of pesticide monitoring programs in local soils.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Weijun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Jianhe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Meihua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D057230:Limit of Detection; D032066:Morinda / Q000737:chemistry*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010575:Pesticides; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: GC–FPD; Morinda root; Organophosphorus pesticides; QuEChERS; Soil