title: Synergetic toxic effect of an explosive material mixture in soil.
abstract: Explosives materials are stable in soil and recalcitrant to biodegradation. Different authors report that TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene), RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) and HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) are toxic, but most investigations have been performed in artificial soil with individual substances. The aim of the presented research was to assess the toxicity of forest soil contaminated with these substances both individually as well in combinations of these substances. TNT was the most toxic substance. Although RDX and HMX did not have adverse effects on plants, these compounds did cause earthworm mortality, which has not been reported in earlier research. Synergistic effects of explosives mixture were observed.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biotechnology Department, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2, Gliwice, Poland, katarzyna.panz@polsl.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Panz
authors.forename: Korneliusz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miksch
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sójka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001392:Azocines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D053834:Explosive Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D009835:Oligochaeta; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D014303:Trinitrotoluene / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D001392:Azocines; D053834:Explosive Agents; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014227:Triazines; D014303:Trinitrotoluene; C007950:octogen; C009160:cyclonite