title: Association of circulating sTRAIL and high-sensitivity CRP with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and foot ulcers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hyperglycemia is among the potent factors that may induce or facilitate apoptosis. TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Factor (TRAIL) is known for its apoptotic and immunomodulatory effects that have recently been correlated with diabetes. We examined serum-soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL) and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) levels and their association with various distinct parameters in type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients with diabetic foot disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two diabetic nephropathy patients with foot ulcers were enrolled in our study. Patients had been diagnosed with diabetes at age 24±10.58 years. Circulating sTRAIL and Hs-CRP levels were compared with control values, and possible correlations were investigated with parameters such as age, Wagner's Grade (WG), BMI, HbA1c, and creatinine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum sTRAIL levels were significantly reduced in the patient group, compared to healthy subjects. High HsCRP levels correlated with age, and WGS correlated with BMI and creatinine levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significantly suppressed sTRAIL levels in diabetic nephropathy patients with foot ulcers compared to healthy controls suggest a protective role for TRAIL in the disease setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hasan Onur
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Arık
authors.forename: Arzu Didem
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.forename: Saadet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gumuslu
authors.forename: Gizem Esra
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Genç
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Ahter Dilsad
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Sanlioglu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000097:blood*; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003404:Creatinine; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human