title: Structure-activity relations of myxinidin, an antibacterial peptide derived from the epidermal mucus of hagfish.
abstract: The structure-activity relations of myxinidin, a peptide derived from epidermal mucus of hagfish, Myxine glutinosa L., were investigated. Analysis of key residues allowed us to design new peptides with increased efficiency. Antimicrobial activity of native and modified peptides demonstrated the key role of uncharged residues in the sequence; the loss of these residues reduces almost entirely myxinidin antimicrobial activity, while insertion of arginine at charged and uncharged position increases antimicrobial activity compared with that of native myxinidin. Particularly, we designed a peptide capable of achieving a high inhibitory effect on bacterial growth. Experiments were conducted using both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies showed that myxinidin is able to form an amphipathic α-helical structure at the N terminus and a random coil region at the C terminus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB and DFM, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cantisani
authors.forename: Marilisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mignogna
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kampanaraki
authors.forename: Annarita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falanga
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.forename: Massimiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galdiero
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galdiero
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004817:Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006196:Hagfishes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009093:Mucus / Q000737:chemistry*; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D055672:Static Electricity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides