title: Chromatin changes in reprogramming of mammalian somatic cells.
abstract: Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), cell fusion, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technologies are three strategies that allow reprogramming somatic cells into the pluripotent state; however, the efficiency is low and the mechanisms are not fully clear. In addition, there are reports that changes in chromatin play a critical role in these reprogramming strategies by modulating binding of transcription factors to their targets. In this review, we mainly discuss inactivation of the X chromosome, chromatin decondensation and remodeling, histone modifications, and histone variants in the three strategies. This review will provide an insight for future nuclear reprogramming research.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, Key Lab for Animal Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Shiqiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Anmin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002477:Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals / Q000235:genetics*; D049951:X Chromosome Inactivation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin