title: Family Structure and Adolescent Alcohol Use Problems: Extending Popular Explanations to American Indians.
abstract: Competing explanations of the relationship between family structure and alcohol use problems are examined using a sample of American Indian adolescents from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Living in a single-parent family is found to be a marker for the unequal distribution of stress exposure and parental alcohol use, but the effects of other family structures like non-parent families and the presence of under 21-year-old extended family or non-family members emerge or remain as risk or protective factors for alcohol use problems after a consideration of SES, family processes, peer socialization, and social stress. In particular, a non-parent family structure that has not been considered in prior research emerged as a protective family structure for American Indian adolescent alcohol use problems.
authors.forename: Tamela McNulty
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Eitle
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johnson-Jennings
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Eitle
keywords: American Indians; Native Americans; alcohol use; family structure; stress exposure; substance use