title: Anesthesia for liver transplantation in United States academic centers: intraoperative practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine current practice patterns for patients receiving liver transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  International, web-based survey instrument.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic medical centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey database responses to questions about liver transplant anesthesiology programs and current intraoperative anesthetic care and resource utilization were assessed. Descriptive statistics of intraoperative practices and resource utilization according to the size of the transplant program were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anesthetic management practices for liver transplantation varied across the academic centers. The use of cell salvage (Cell Saver®), transesophageal echocardiography, thrombelastography, and ultrasound guidance for catheter placement varies among institutions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Effective practices and more evidence-based intraoperative management have not yet been applied in many programs. Many facets of perioperative liver transplantation anesthesia care remain underexplored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA. Electronic address: rschumann@tuftsmedicalcenter.org.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schumann
authors.forename: M Susan
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mandell
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mercaldo
authors.forename: Damon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Michaels
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Arna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Ramachander
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klinck
authors.forename: Pratik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pandharipande
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walia
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods*; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000379:methods*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D014481:United States
keywords: Coagulation management; Evidence-based practice; Hemodynamic monitoring; Invasive monitoring; Liver transplantation outcomes; Resource utilization; Transesophageal echocardiography