title: Does dietary iodine regulate oxidative stress and adiponectin levels in human breast milk?
abstract: Little is known about the association between iodine and human milk composition. In this study, we investigated the association between iodine and different markers of oxidative stress and obesity-related hormones in human breast milk. This work is composed of two cross-sectional studies (in lactating women and in the general population), one prospective and one in vitro. In the cross-sectional study in lactating women, the breast milk iodine correlated negatively with superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, and with adiponectin levels. An in vitro culture of human adipocytes with 1 μM potassium iodide (KI, dose similar to the human breast milk iodine concentration) produced a significant decrease in adiponectin, GSH-Px, SOD1, and SOD2 mRNA expression. However, after 2 months of treatment with KI in the prospective study, a positive correlation was found between 24-h urinary iodine and serum adiponectin. Our observations lead to the hypothesis that iodine may be a factor directly involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and adiponectin levels in human breast milk.
authors.affiliation: 1 Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya , Málaga, Spain .
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Repiso
authors.forename: Inés
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garcia-Escobar
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garcia-Serrano
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Pacheco
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Linares
authors.forename: Maria Soledad
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ruiz de Adana
authors.forename: Elehazara
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rubio-Martin
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garrido-Sanchez
authors.forename: Juan Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cobos-Bravo
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Priego-Puga
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rojo-Martinez
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soriguer
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Fuentes
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011247:Pregnancy; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D007455:Iodine; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase