title: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of Wuchereria bancrofti infection using urine samples and its application in Bangladesh.
abstract: In Sri Lanka, urine ELISA showed high sensitivity and specificity in detecting filaria-specific IgG4. It also produced much higher positive rates than antigen tests in prevalence studies with young children. In this study, we have confirmed the usefulness of urine ELISA in the field of Bangladesh. The ELISA detected 89 of 105 (85%) ICT antigen test positive subjects in endemic areas. With both ICT and microfilaria positives, the sensitivity was 97% (30/31). All of 104 ICT negative people in a non-endemic area were ELISA negative (100% specificity). In a prevalence study with 319 young children (5-10 years) from a low endemic area after five rounds of MDA, seven (2.2%) were detected by the present urine test, but only one (0.3%) by ICT (P=0.075). The satisfactorily high sensitivity, 100% specificity and effective case detection among young ages along with scope for analyzing the titers will indicate urine ELISA to be an effective tool in the post-MDA surveys to confirm elimination or to detect resurgence in Bangladesh.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan. Electronic address: sohelsamad_84@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad Sohel
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Samad
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moji
authors.forename: Moazzem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mondal
authors.forename: Mohammad Shafiul
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Eisaku
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000276:immunology*; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology*; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004605:Elephantiasis, Filarial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000652:urine; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014958:Wuchereria bancrofti / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
keywords: Filariasis; IgG4; Recombinant SXP1; Urine diagnosis