title: Transformation to small-cell lung cancer following treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma.
abstract: We report the case of a 52-year-old woman with lung adenocarcinoma treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. After disease progression, histological examination of a secondary biopsy specimen revealed small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) that was sensitive to standard SCLC treatment. Tumor markers, including ProGRP and NSE, were elevated. Transformation to SCLC is a mechanism for acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI therapy. Secondary biopsy is important for evaluation of genetic and histological changes and selection of appropriate treatment. Furthermore, ProGRP and NSE may be useful for early detection of SCLC transformation in cases resistant to EGFR-TKI therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cellular Transplantation Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.forename: Tomoharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: Mayuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tambo
authors.forename: Hazuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takato
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohkura
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Waseda
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kasahara
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001706:Biopsy; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D066246:ErbB Receptors
keywords: Adenocarcinoma; EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors; NSE; ProGRP; Resistance; Small cell lung cancer; Transformation