title: Effect of nematode Trichinella infection on glucose tolerance and status of macrophage in obese mice.
abstract: We investigated the effect of Trichinella infection on glucose tolerance and (pro- or anti-inflammatory) macrophage status in adipose tissue. Ob/ob mice and high fat-fed mice (obesity model) and C57/BL mice (control mice) were orally infected with (infected group) or without (uninfected group) 400 Trichinella per mouse. Four weeks later, the mice were subjected to investigation, which showed that fasting plasma glucose levels decreased in the infected group of C57/BL and ob/ob mice. Glucose tolerance, evaluated with intraperitoneal GTT, improved in the infected group of ob/ob mice and high fat-fed mice compared with the uninfected groups. Additional assay included anti-inflammatory macrophage (M2) markers and pro-inflammatory macrophage (M1) markers, with the aim to explore the effect of Trichinella infection on adipose tissue inflammation, since our previous study identified anti-inflammatory substances in secreted proteins by Trichinella. The result showed that mRNA levels of M2 markers, such as CD206, arginase and IL-10, increased, whereas M1 markers, such as CD11c, iNOS and IL-6, decreased in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from epididymal fat in ob/ob mice. Residential macrophages obtained from the peritoneal lavage exhibited lower M1 markers and higher M2 markers levels in the infected group than in the uninfected group. Trichinella infection increases the ratio of M2/M1 systemically, which results in an improvement in pro-inflammatory state in adipose tissue and amelioration of glucose tolerance in obese mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Takahide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kajita
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanamoto
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitada
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Zhiliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: Yuzo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furuya
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose