title: Comparison between Chondrogenic Markers of Differentiated Chondrocytes from Adipose Derived Stem Cells and Articular Chondrocytes In Vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases in middle-aged population in the world. Cartilage tissue engineering (TE) has been presented as an effort to introduce the best combination of cells, biomaterial scaffolds and stimulating growth factors to produce a cartilage tissue similar to the natural articular cartilage. In this study, the chondrogenic potential of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) was compared with natural articular chondrocytes cultured in alginate scaffold.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human ADSCs were obtained from subcutaneous adipose tissue and human articular chondrocytes from non-weight bearing areas of knee joints. Cells were seeded in 1.5% alginate and cultured in chondrogenic media for three weeks with and without TGFβ3. The genes expression of types II and X collagens was assessed by Real Time PCR and the amount of aggrecan (AGC) and type I collagen measured by ELISA and the content of glycosaminoglycan evaluated by GAG assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our findings showed that type II collagen, GAG and AGC were expressed, in differentiated ADSCs. Meanwhile, they produced a lesser amount of types II and X collagens but more AGC, GAG and type I collagen in comparison with natural chondrocytes (NCs).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further attempt should be carried out to optimize achieving type II collagen in DCs, as much as, natural articular chondrocytes and decline of the production of type I collagen in order to provide efficient hyaline cartilage after chondrogenic induction, prior to the usage of harvested tissues in clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Mohmmad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mardani
authors.forename: Batool
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hashemibeni
authors.forename: Malek Masoud
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ansar
authors.forename: Sayeed Hamid
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zarkesh Esfahani
authors.forename: Mohmmad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kazemi
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Goharian
authors.forename: Nafiseh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Esmaeili
authors.forename: Ebrahim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Esfandiary
keywords: Alginate; Chondrocyte; Stem cell; TGFbeta