title: Arterial vascularization and morphological characteristics of adrenal glands in the Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Linnaeus 1758).
abstract: This research presents morphological characteristics of adrenal glands and a demonstration of arterial vascularization in the Pampas deer, which is considered to be in extreme danger of extinction. A total of ten deer constituted the material of the study. Vascularization of organs was investigated by using latex injection technique. Left adrenal glands were basically supplied by coeliac, cranial mesenteric, renal and lumbal arteries. The arterial vascularization of the left adrenal glands was very complex in comparison with right adrenal glands. In two examples, branch of the lumbal artery was divided into phrenic caudal artery and cranial adrenal artery. In six examples, it was observed that the caudomedial and ventral regions of the left adrenal glands were also supplied by thinner branches that stemmed from second left lumbal artery. Besides, coeliac and cranial mesenteric arteries also gave off shorter branches supplying the cranial region of the left adrenal glands in five examples. It was determined that two branches originated from abdominal aorta directly for supplying left adrenal glands in only two examples. In four examples, two caudal adrenal arteries stemmed separately from left renal artery in a short distance. Arterial vascularization of right adrenal glands was more constant and supplied by lumbal and renal arteries. The adrenal glands were generally oval or round shaped. In only two examples, left adrenal glands were 'V-' or heart-shaped. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in sizes between right and left adrenal glands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erdoğan
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply*; D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003670:Deer / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D056727:Endangered Species; D007668:Kidney / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000098:blood supply; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000033:anatomy & histology