title: Evolution in surgical management of superior canal dehiscence syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This manuscript will review the progression of surgical techniques currently being used to repair a defect in the superior semicircular canal in symptomatic patients. Originally described via the middle cranial fossa route, larger series of patients have been demonstrated through less invasive approaches. These new innovative approaches will be discussed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recently, the surgical indications for the repair of superior canal dehiscence have been broadened. As a result, several surgical techniques have been demonstrated to limit inherent risks to patients while still adequately treating the symptoms known to be associated with superior canal dehiscence. Transmastoid plugging, transmastoid resurfacing, endoscopic resurfacing and endaural approaches will be described and recent results discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the optimal surgical approach for superior canal dehiscence has yet to be determined, clearly a progression in techniques has been demonstrated. Surgical management of superior canal dehiscence syndrome began requiring a craniotomy but has now progressed to transmastoid and even endaural approaches.
authors.affiliation: Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Richmond, Virginia 23233, USA. rcdiaz@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Wayne T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Shaia
authors.forename: Rodney C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Diaz
mesh_terms: D035301:Cranial Fossa, Middle / Q000601:surgery; D006314:Hearing Loss, Conductive / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008416:Mastoid / Q000601:surgery; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D013506:Otologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D012665:Semicircular Canals / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013577:Syndrome; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014717:Vertigo / Q000601:surgery