title: Effect of collection material and sample processing on pig oral fluid testing results.
abstract: The effect of sampling material, sample processing, and collection order on the detection of analytes in pig oral fluid specimens was evaluated. Oral fluid samples were collected from 104 pens of commercial wean-to-finish pigs using ropes made of three different materials. Processed (centrifuged and filtered) and unprocessed oral fluid samples were tested using commercial ELISAs for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) antibodies and total IgM, IgA, and IgG. Unprocessed samples were tested for PRRSV nucleic acid and processed samples were assayed for PRRSV neutralizing antibodies. Analysis of the data using repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer adjusted t tests found statistically significant, non-uniform, and assay-dependent effects of all three factors. Therefore, when testing oral fluid specimens, swine health specialists, veterinarians, and diagnosticians should be aware of the potential impact of these factors on specific analytes. For monitoring health and welfare parameters, oral fluid samples should be collected using cotton-based materials and undergo minimal post-collection processing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Locke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Karriker
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Basavaraj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Binjawadagi
authors.forename: Gourapura
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Renukaradhya
authors.forename: Apisit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kittawornrat
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lizano
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coetzee
authors.forename: Rodger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Main
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meiszberg
authors.forename: Yaowalak
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Panyasing
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes
keywords: Diagnostics; Immunoglobulin; Oral fluid; Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; Surveillance