title: The association between latrine use and trachoma: a secondary cohort analysis from a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: Latrine use has been promoted as a component of an integrated strategy for trachoma control. As part of a randomized trial in Ethiopia, 12 communities received a mass azithromycin distribution followed by a latrine promotion intervention. A random sample of children ages 0-9 years in each community was monitored longitudinally for ocular chlamydia. After latrine construction ended, those communities with a higher proportion of households using latrines were more likely to experience a reduction in the prevalence of ocular chlamydia. Specifically, for each 10% increase in latrine use, there was a 2.0% decrease (95% confidence interval = 0.2-3.9% decrease) in the community prevalence of ocular chlamydia over the subsequent year (P = 0.04).
authors.affiliation: Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California; The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Departments of Ophthalmology and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California; The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia; Institute for Global Health, University of California, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Meron
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haile
authors.forename: Zerihun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tadesse
authors.forename: Sintayehu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gebreselassie
authors.forename: Berhan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ayele
authors.forename: Teshome
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gebre
authors.forename: Sun N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Nicole E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Stoller
authors.forename: Bruce D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Gaynor
authors.forename: Travis C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Porco
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Emerson
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lietman
authors.forename: Jeremy D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Keenan
mesh_terms: D017963:Azithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D014038:Toilet Facilities / Q000592:standards*; D014141:Trachoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D017963:Azithromycin