title: Allopurinol reverses liver damage induced by chronic carbon tetrachloride treatment by decreasing oxidative stress, TGF-β production and NF-κB nuclear translocation.
abstract: Allopurinol is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of allopurinol to reverse the experimental cirrhosis induced by CCl4. Rats received CCl4 for 8 weeks, and immediately after allopurinol was administered for 4 weeks more. Allopurinol reversed all markers of liver damage and oxidative stress to normal values, restoring the metabolic capacity of the liver. Chronic injury by CCl4 induced significant overexpression of profibrogenic cytokine TGF-β, while allopurinol decreased this production and consequently decreased the collagen content. Moreover, allopurinol is capable of partially inhibiting NF-κB. These findings suggest that allopurinol is capable of reversing the cirrhosis induced by CCl4, modulating oxidative stress, TGF-β expression and NF-κB nuclear translocation.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Liseth R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Aldaba-Muruato
authors.forename: Mario G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Mineko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibayama
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muriel
mesh_terms: D000493:Allopurinol / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D056487:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D000493:Allopurinol; D006003:Glycogen; D003094:Collagen; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D005978:Glutathione; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide