title: Reproductive health choices for young adults with sickle cell disease or trait: randomized controlled trial immediate posttest effects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  People with sickle cell disease (SCD) or sickle cell trait (SCT) may not have information about genetic inheritance needed for making informed reproductive health decisions. CHOICES is a Web-based, multimedia educational intervention that provides information about reproductive options and consequences to help those with SCD or SCT identify and implement an informed parenting plan. Efficacy of CHOICES compared with usual care must be evaluated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose was to compare immediate posttest effects of CHOICES versus an attention-control usual care intervention (e-Book) on SCD-/SCT-related reproductive health knowledge, intention, and behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized controlled study, we recruited subjects with SCD/SCT from clinics, community settings, and online networks with data collected at sites convenient to the 234 subjects with SCD (n = 136) or SCT (n = 98). Their ages ranged from 18 to 35 years; 65% were women, and 94% were African American. Subjects completed a measure of sickle cell reproductive knowledge, intention, and behavior before and immediately after the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the e-Book group, the CHOICES group had significantly higher average knowledge scores and probability of reporting a parenting plan to avoid SCD or SCD and SCT when pretest scores were controlled. Effects on intention and planned behavior were not significant. The CHOICES group showed significant change in their intention and planned behavior, whereas the e-Book group did not show significant change in their intention, but their planned behavior differed significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Initial efficacy findings are encouraging but warrant planned booster sessions and outcome follow-ups to determine sustained intervention efficacy on reproductive health knowledge, intention, and actual behavior of persons with SCD/SCT.
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for End-of-Life Transition Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612-7352, USA. diwilkie@uic.edu
authors.forename: Diana J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wilkie
authors.forename: Agatha M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: Yingwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Molokie
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stahl
authors.forename: Patricia E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Hershberger
authors.forename: Zhongsheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Marie L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Labotka
authors.forename: Bonnye
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Rigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Angulo
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Angulo
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carrasco
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shuey
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pelligra
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dennie T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Alexis A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000208:ethnology / Q000451:nursing; D005193:Family Planning Services; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D019212:Multimedia; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D018794:Problem-Based Learning; D060728:Reproductive Health; D014481:United States