title: ATP-dependent chromatin assembly is functionally distinct from chromatin remodeling.
abstract: Chromatin assembly involves the combined action of ATP-dependent motor proteins and histone chaperones. Because motor proteins in chromatin assembly also function as chromatin remodeling factors, we investigated the relationship between ATP-driven chromatin assembly and chromatin remodeling in the generation of periodic nucleosome arrays. We found that chromatin remodeling-defective Chd1 motor proteins are able to catalyze ATP-dependent chromatin assembly. The resulting nucleosomes are not, however, spaced in periodic arrays. Wild-type Chd1, but not chromatin remodeling-defective Chd1, can catalyze the conversion of randomly-distributed nucleosomes into periodic arrays. These results reveal a functional distinction between ATP-dependent nucleosome assembly and chromatin remodeling, and suggest a model for chromatin assembly in which randomly-distributed nucleosomes are formed by the nucleosome assembly function of Chd1, and then regularly-spaced nucleosome arrays are generated by the chromatin remodeling activity of Chd1. These findings uncover an unforeseen level of specificity in the role of motor proteins in chromatin assembly. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00863.001.
authors.affiliation: Section of Molecular Biology , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , United States.
authors.forename: Sharon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Torigoe
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Mai T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Khuong
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kadonaga
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D009707:Nucleosomes; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
keywords: Chd1; D. melanogaster; S. cerevisiae; chromatin assembly; chromatin remodeling