title: Acceptance and usability of different sunscreen formulations among outdoor workers: a randomized, single-blind, cross-over study.
abstract: Adequate sun protection is often neglected during occupational outdoor work. To investigate the acceptance and usability of sunscreens during outdoor work a single-blind, randomized-controlled, cross-over trial was performed in 40 subjects. Two sunscreen formulations were used daily on working days for 4 weeks at a time, with a wash-out phase before crossover. The primary outcome was overall acceptance of the products with daily application. More than 80% of the outdoor workers were fully satisfied with the cosmetic properties, sweat resistance, performance and usability of both products under outdoor working conditions. With respect to overall performance, the milk was rated slightly better than the gel. In terms of ease of application, the milk was preferred (p<0.05). Sunscreens for those working outdoors must contain very high, broad-spectrum, photostable filters for both UVB and UVA, they must be easy to apply and sweat resistant, and should not irritate the eyes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. Andrea.Bauer@uniklinikum-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hault
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Püschel
authors.forename: Henriette
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rönsch
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Knuschke
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beissert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D063465:Skin Cream; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D013473:Sunscreening Agents