title: Flaxseed fed pork: n-3 fatty acid enrichment and contribution to dietary recommendations.
abstract: The potential to increase n-3 fatty acid (FA) intake via flaxseed fed pork is underestimated when restricted to pure longissimus muscle, whereas a combination of muscle and adipose tissue is typically consumed. Presently, the FA content of pigs fed 0%, 5% and 10% dietary flaxseed for 11 weeks was measured in loin, picnic and butt primals (lean muscle with epimysium (L), L plus seam fat (LS), and LS plus 5 mm backfat (LSS)). The n-3 FA content necessary for an enrichment claim in Canada (300 mg/100 g serving) was exceeded in L from all primals when feeding 5% flaxseed, being 4 fold that of controls (P<0.001), with further enrichment from inclusion of associated adipose tissues (P<0.001). Increasing flaxseed feeding levels in combination with adipose tissue inclusion amplified total long chain n-3 FA (P<0.05), particularly 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3. Flaxseed-fed n-3 FA enriched pork can contribute substantially to daily long chain n-3 FA intakes, particularly for societies with typically low seafood consumption.
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mapiye
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Aalhus
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Beaulieu
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Patience
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Zijlstra
authors.forename: M E R
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dugan
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000032:analysis*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000032:analysis; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry*; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6
keywords: Health effects; Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids; Saturated fatty acids