title: High-fat diet enhances villus growth during the adaptation response to massive proximal small bowel resection.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that high-fat diet (HFD) enhances adaptation if provided immediately following small bowel resection (SBR). The purpose of this study was to determine if HFD could further enhance villus growth after resection-induced adaptation had already taken place. C57/Bl6 mice underwent a 50 % proximal SBR or sham operation and were then provided a standard rodent liquid diet (LD) ad lib. After a typical period of adaptation (7 days), SBR and sham-operated mice were randomized to receive either LD or HFD (42 % kcal fat) for an additional 7 days. Mice were then harvested, and small intestine was collected for analysis. Adaptation occurred in both SBR groups; however, the SBR/HFD had significantly increased villus height compared to SBR/LD. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of villus enterocytes showed a marked increase in CD36 expression in the SBR/HFD group compared with SBR/LD mice. While exposure to increased enteral fat alone did not affect villus morphology in sham-operated mice, HFD significantly increased villus growth in the setting of resection-induced adaptation, supporting the clinical utility of enteral fat in augmenting adaptation. Increased expression of CD36 suggests a possible mechanistic role in dietary fat metabolism and villus growth in the setting of short gut syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Surgery, St Louis Children's Hospital, One Children's Place, Suite 5S40, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Pamela M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Raphael C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Erwin
authors.forename: Brad W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Warner
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000235:genetics; D001823:Body Composition; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007082:Ileum / Q000601:surgery*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007583:Jejunum / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C106092:microsomal triglyceride transfer protein