title: Dietary intake as a link between obesity, systemic inflammation, and the assumption of multiple cardiovascular and antidiabetic drugs in renal transplant recipients.
abstract: We evaluated dietary intake and nutritional-inflammation status in ninety-six renal transplant recipients, 7.2 ± 5.0 years after transplantation. Patients were classified as normoweight (NW), overweight (OW), and obese (OB), if their body mass index was between 18.5 and 24.9, 25.0 and 29.9, and ≥ 30 kg/m(2), respectively. Food composition tables were used to estimate nutrient intakes. The values obtained were compared with those recommended in current nutritional guidelines. 52% of the patients were NW, 29% were OW, and 19% were OB. Total energy, fat, and dietary n-6 PUFAs intake was higher in OB than in NW. IL-6 and hs-CRP were higher in OB than in NW. The prevalence of multidrug regimen was higher in OB. In all patients, total energy, protein, saturated fatty acids, and sodium intake were higher than guideline recommendations. On the contrary, the intake of unsaturated and n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and fiber was lower than recommended. In conclusion, the prevalence of obesity was high in our patients, and it was associated with inflammation and the assumption of multiple cardiovascular and antidiabetic drugs. Dietary intake did not meet nutritional recommendations in all patients, especially in obese ones, highlighting the need of a long-term nutritional support in renal transplant recipients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Physiology Nutrition Unit, University Federico II of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy. bguida@unina.it
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guida
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cataldi
authors.forename: Immacolata Daniela
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Maresca
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Germanò
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trio
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nastasi
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Federico
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Memoli
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Apicella
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Memoli
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sabbatini
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D001823:Body Composition; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003710:Demography; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein