title: Impaired vascular endothelial growth factor A and inflammation in patients with peripheral artery disease.
abstract: We compared apoptosis, cellular oxidative stress, and inflammation of cultured endothelial cells treated with sera from 130 patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and a control group of 36 patients with high burden of comorbid conditions and cardiovascular risk factors. Second, we compared circulating inflammatory, antioxidant capacity, and vascular biomarkers between the groups. The groups were not significantly different (P > .05) on apoptosis, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical antioxidant capacity, and nuclear factor κ-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells. Circulating tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α; P = .016) and interleukin 8 (IL-8; P = .006) were higher in the PAD group, whereas vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A; P = .023) was lower. The PAD does not impair the endothelium beyond that which already occurs from comorbid conditions and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with claudication. However, patients with PAD have lower circulating VEGF-A than the control group and higher circulating inflammatory parameters of TNF-α and IL-8.
authors.affiliation: Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA andrew-gardner@ouhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma HSC, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Donald E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Polly S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.affiliation: Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sosnowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Section, OUHSC, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Casanegra
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Section, OUHSC, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Omar L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Esponda
authors.affiliation: Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ungvari
authors.affiliation: Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Csiszar
authors.affiliation: Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Sonntag
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: claudication; inflammation; peripheral artery disease; vascular endothelial growth factor A