title: Influence of CAD/CAM all-ceramic materials on cell viability, migration ability and adenylate kinase release of human gingival fibroblasts and oral keratinocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of four CAD/CAM all-ceramic materials on cell viability, migration ability and adenylate kinase (ADK) release of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and oral keratinocytes (HOK).
  
  
  METHODS
  HGF and HOK were cultured on disc-shaped CAD/CAM all-ceramic materials (e.max CAD LT, e.max CAD HT, Empress CAD and Mark II) and on discs made of tissue culture polystyrene surface (TCPS) serving as control. Cell viability was analyzed by using an MTT assay, and migration ability was investigated by a scratch assay. A ToxiLight assay has been performed to analyze the effect of all-ceramic materials on ADK release and cell apoptosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At MTT assay for HGF, no significant decrease of cell viability could be detected at all points of measurement (p each > 0.05), while HOK demonstrated a significant decrease in cell viability especially on Empress CAD and Mark II at each point of measurement (p each < 0.001). Scratch assay demonstrated an increased migration ability for HGF on e.max CAD HT, Empress CAD and Mark II (p each < 0.001), whereas HOK showed a significantly decreased migration ability on all tested materials at all points of measurement (between -36 % and -71 %; p each < 0.001). At ToxiLight assay, only small cytotoxic effects of the all-ceramic materials could be investigated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study disclosed significant differences in cell viability and migration ability of HGF and HOK on CAD/CAM all-ceramic materials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CAD/CAM all-ceramic materials can influence oral cell lines responsible for soft tissue creation which may affect the esthetic outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pabst
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grassmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weyhrauch
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Brüllmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ziebart
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scheller
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany. karl.lehmann@unimedizin-mainz.de.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lehmann
mesh_terms: D000263:Adenylate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002465:Cell Movement; D002470:Cell Survival; D002516:Ceramics; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D000263:Adenylate Kinase