title: Association between the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 +49A/G polymorphism and bladder cancer risk.
abstract: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is a potent immunoregulatory molecule that suppresses antitumor response by downregulating T cell activation. The most studied CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism has been associated with various cancers risks. However, little is known about the association between CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism and bladder cancer risk. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in 300 patients with bladder cancer and 300 healthy controls matched with age and sex. The CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Patients with bladder cancer had a significantly lower frequency of CTLA-4 +49GG genotype [odds ratio (OR) = 0.44, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.23, 0.85; P = 0.01] and G allele (OR = 0.73, 95 % CI = 0.56, 0.96; P = 0.02) than healthy controls. When stratifying by the stage, grade, and histological type of bladder cancer, we found no statistical association. This is the first study to highlight the significant association between CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism and bladder cancer risk. Additional studies are needed to confirm this finding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Tongbai Road 195, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guixiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Xinghua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Xianan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Tongqing
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jizheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen