title: Vitamin C intake reduces the cytotoxicity associated with hyperglycemia in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Hyperglycemia leads to the formation of free radicals and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Antioxidants can reduce the level of protein glycation and DNA damage. In this study, we compared the levels of vitamin C intake, which is among the most abundant antioxidants obtained from diet, with the levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (A1C), DNA damage, and cytotoxicity in prediabetic subjects and type 2 diabetic subjects. Our results indicated that there was no significant correlation between FPG or A1C and DNA damage parameters (micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges, and nuclear buds). FPG and A1C correlated with necrosis (r = 0.294; P = 0.013 and r = 0.401; P = 0.001, resp.). Vitamin C intake correlated negatively with necrosis and apoptosis (r = -0.246; P = 0.040, and r = -0.276; P = 0.021, resp.). The lack of a correlation between the FPG and A1C and DNA damage could be explained, at least in part, by the elimination of cells with DNA damage by either necrosis or apoptosis (cytotoxicity). Vitamin C appeared to improve cell survival by reducing cytotoxicity. Therefore, the present results indicate the need for clinical studies to evaluate the effect of low-dose vitamin C supplementation in type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: PPG em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Avenida Independência, 2293 Sala 4206, 96815-900 Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia Isabel Rech
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: Luiza Louzada
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Maria Carolina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Arcênio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fishborn
authors.forename: Liziane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hermes
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Molz
authors.forename: Camila Schreiner
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Francisca Maria Assmann
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Wichmann
authors.forename: Jorge André
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Horta
authors.forename: Sharbel Weidner
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Maluf
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prá
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis / Q000473:pathology; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin