title: CT arthrography and anatomical correlation of the bare area of the ulnar trochlear fossa: a risk of misdiagnosis of cartilage ulcerations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is a variable bare area on the ulnar trochlear fossa that may be somehow interpreted as a cartilage defect. We aimed to correlate radiological images and dissections of this bare spot with CT arthrography imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a double study that included 10 unpaired fresh-frozen human cadaveric elbows (CT arthrography + dissection) and 40 CT arthrography of patients to investigate the 3-D architecture of the trochlear fossa of the ulna. Positioning, shape and measurements of the bare spot of each ulna were measured and correlated. A total of 40 were analyzed with this protocol of measurements to validate the anatomical findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bare spot area is located 15.8 mm from the tip of the olecranon and 13.8 mm from the coronoid process (mean values). This area measures 4.1 mm in cranio-caudal plane, 2.2 mm in transversal plane. This area is located above a small subchondral tubercle that measures 1.0 mm in antero-posterior axis. No significant difference has been found between left and right elbow regarding its positioning and shape. A significant difference has been found between genders regarding the positioning of this area but not according to its shape.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ulnar trochlear notch has a small area without cartilage. This bare area is located at the site of fusion of the different ossification center of the proximal ulna. It should not be interpreted as a chondral lesion. The existence of a subchondral tubercle clearly indicates that this uncovered zone is normal. Radiologist should consider this when interpreting elbow CT arthrography.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Normal Anatomy, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Estelle-Marie
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Kieffer
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bouchaib
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bierry
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clavert
mesh_terms: D001175:Arthrography; D002357:Cartilage Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014457:Ulna / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*