title: Human stem cell-derived spinal cord astrocytes with defined mature or reactive phenotypes.
abstract: Differentiation of astrocytes from human stem cells has significant potential for analysis of their role in normal brain function and disease, but existing protocols generate only immature astrocytes. Using early neuralization, we generated spinal cord astrocytes from mouse or human embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells with high efficiency. Remarkably, short exposure to fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) or FGF2 was sufficient to direct these astrocytes selectively toward a mature quiescent phenotype, as judged by both marker expression and functional analysis. In contrast, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1β, but not FGFs, induced multiple elements of a reactive inflammatory phenotype but did not affect maturation. These phenotypically defined, scalable populations of spinal cord astrocytes will be important both for studying normal astrocyte function and for modeling human pathological processes in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY 10032, USA.|Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, and Neurology, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease (MNC), Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI) Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roybon
authors.affiliation: Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY 10032, USA.|Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, and Neurology, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease (MNC), Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI) Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Nuno J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Lamas
authors.affiliation: Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Alejandro D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Brain Science Institute and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, 855 N Wolfe Street, Rangos 2-223, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Eun Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Brain Science Institute and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, 855 N Wolfe Street, Rangos 2-223, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sattler
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, and Neurology, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease (MNC), Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI) Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Vernice J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Yoon A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: C Alan
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kachel
authors.affiliation: Brain Science Institute and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, 855 N Wolfe Street, Rangos 2-223, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rothstein
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, and Neurology, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease (MNC), Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI) Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Przedborski
authors.affiliation: Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY 10032, USA.|Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, and Neurology, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease (MNC), Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI) Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.|Department of Neuroscience Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Hynek
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wichterle
authors.affiliation: Project A.L.S./Jenifer Estess Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, New York, NY 10032, USA.|Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, and Neurology, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease (MNC), Columbia Stem Cell Initiative (CSCI) Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.|Department of Neuroscience Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.|Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Henderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism