title: SUMO rules: regulatory concepts and their implication in neurologic functions.
abstract: Posttranslational modification of proteins by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is a potent regulator of various cellular events. Hundreds of substrates have been identified, many of them involved in vital processes like transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, protein degradation, cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, chromatin organization, and nuclear transport. In recent years, protein sumoylation increasingly attracted attention, as it could be linked to heart failure, cancer, and neurodegeneration. However, underlying mechanisms involving how modification by SUMO contributes to disease development are still scarce thus necessitating further research. This review aims to critically discuss currently available concepts of the SUMO pathway, thereby highlighting regulation in the healthy versus diseased organism, focusing on neurologic aspects. Better understanding of differential regulation in health and disease may finally allow to uncover pathogenic mechanisms and contribute to the development of disease-specific therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Droescher
authors.forename: Viduth K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Chaugule
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pichler
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000502:physiology; D004260:DNA Repair; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009410:Nerve Degeneration; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D009424:Nervous System Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D058207:Sumoylation / Q000502:physiology*; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases