title: Secretome profiling of primary human skeletal muscle cells.
abstract: The skeletal muscle is a metabolically active tissue that secretes various proteins. These so-called myokines have been proposed to affect muscle physiology and to exert systemic effects on other tissues and organs. Yet, changes in the secretory profile may participate in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases. The present study aimed at characterizing the secretome of differentiated primary human skeletal muscle cells (hSkMC) derived from healthy, adult donors combining three different mass spectrometry based non-targeted approaches as well as one antibody based method. This led to the identification of 548 non-redundant proteins in conditioned media from hSkmc. For 501 proteins, significant mRNA expression could be demonstrated. Applying stringent consecutive filtering using SignalP, SecretomeP and ER_retention signal databases, 305 proteins were assigned as potential myokines of which 12 proteins containing a secretory signal peptide were not previously described. This comprehensive profiling study of the human skeletal muscle secretome expands our knowledge of the composition of the human myokinome and may contribute to our understanding of the role of myokines in multiple biological processes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biomarkers: A Proteomic Challenge.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hartwig
authors.affiliation: Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Silja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raschke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Knebel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scheler
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irmler
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Waltraud
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Passlack
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Franz-Georg
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Hanisch
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Franz
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Xinping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Multimedia Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans-Dieter
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Dicken
authors.affiliation: Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eckardt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany; Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beckers
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany; Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Martin Hrabe
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: de Angelis
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology, Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Cora
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weigert
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology, Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Häring
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Al-Hasani
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: D Margriet
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ouwens
authors.affiliation: Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eckel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany.
authors.forename: Jorg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kotzka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Duesseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany. Electronic address: stefan.lehr@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D019295:Computational Biology; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D020543:Proteome
keywords: Combined proteomic profiling; Mass spectrometry; Myokine; Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis