title: Modulation of the antioxidant/pro-oxidant balance, cytotoxicity and antiviral actions of grape seed extracts.
abstract: Grape seed extracts (GSEs) were investigated in yeast cells harbouring defects in their antioxidant system (regarding the cellular growth and growth recovery from H2O2 insult). GSEs antioxidant activity was detected in wild-type and mutant strains Δcta1, Δgsh1 and Δoye2glr1, while pro-oxidant activity in Δsod1 cells was seen. Assessment of proliferation of prostate cancer PC3 and HBV-replicating HepG2 2.2.15 cells treated with GSEs has shown higher cytotoxicity of red grape seed extract (RW) than white grape seed extract (WW) subjective to dose and period of administration. No antiviral effect was detected by measuring the secreted virion particles in HepG2 2.2.15 cells treated with GSEs. The GSEs play a dual antioxidant/pro-oxidant role in vivo according with the cellular antioxidant system deficiencies and exhibit cytotoxic properties in PC3 and HepG2 2.2.15 cell lines, but no antiviral action against HBV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Quality and Chemistry of Natural Products, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, Chania, PO Box 85, 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece. igneacodruta@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Codruţa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ignea
authors.forename: Cristina Mihaela
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Dorobanţu
authors.forename: Christopher Paul
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Mintoff
authors.forename: Norica
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Branza-Nichita
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ladomery
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kefalas
authors.forename: Veronica Sanda
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Chedea
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D016877:Oxidants
keywords: Antioxidant/prooxidant activity; Antiviral action; Cytotoxicity; FBS; FRAP; GAE; GSE; GSH; GSSG; Grape seed extracts; HBV; HBeAg; HBsAg; HCC; MAPK; OYE; PCD; PI3K; ROS; RW; TP; WW; Yeast; ferric reducing antioxidant power; fetal bovine serum; gallic acid equivalents; grape seed extract; hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis B “e” antigen; hepatocellular carcinoma; human hepatitis B; mitogen-activated protein kinase; old yellow enzymes; oxidised glutathione; phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase; programmed cell death; reactive oxigen species; red grape seed aqueous extract; reduced glutathione; total polyphenolic content; white grape seed aqueous extract; yeast mutants derived from the wild-type (wt) strain BY474, harbouring deletion of the genes CTA1, SOD1, or GSH1 respectively; Δcta1, Δsod1, and Δgsh1