title: [A retrospective analysis of 163 cases with intractable epistaxis managed by nasal endoscopic surgery].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical characteristics of intractable epistaxis and the application of nasal endoscopic surgery as the treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of 163 patients with intractable epistaxis were retrospectively analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bleeding points were found in the following different sites, superior wall of inferior nasal meatus (31.3%, 51/163), olfactory cleft area (21.5%, 35/163), postero-inferior wall of nasal septum (20.8%, 34/163), middle nasal meatus (10.4%, 17/163) and Little area (8.6%, 14/163). The results showed that the bleeding points had correlation with age. According to the frequency of nasal bleeding, patients under the age of forty in turn occurred in superior wall of inferior nasal meatus, olfactory cleft area, Little area, postero-inferior wall of nasal septum and middle nasal meatus; patients over the age of forty occurred in superior wall of inferior nasal meatus, postero-inferior wall of nasal septum, olfactory cleft area, middle nasal meatus and Little area. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). All cases stopped bleeding after 1 time of treatment, and there was no complication during a followed-up for 3 months after management. Seven cases reoccurred bleeding in half a year, but they were finally cured under nasal endoscopic surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that we should pay attention to different bleeding points in different age groups. In addition, nasal endoscopic treatment is a reliable, convenient and effective method for intractable epistaxis and is the first choice after failed nasal packing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Central Hospital of Qianjiang, Qianjiang, 433100, China.
authors.forename: Jianshe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004724:Endoscopy; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059747:Nasal Surgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies