title: Psychopharmacologic treatment of psychosis in children and adolescents: efficacy and management.
abstract: The efficacy of antipsychotic use in children and adolescents with psychosis has been shown in an increasing number of randomized controlled trials. Chronic use of second-generation and third-generation antipsychotics has the potential for significant side effects, especially metabolic syndrome. A review of the literature on side effect profiles of antipsychotic medications used in children and adolescents is provided to help clinicians develop treatment plans for their patients. Clozapine has the best efficacy of all antipsychotic medications in adults as well as children and adolescents who are treatment resistant. Guidance is provided for the management of clozapine side effects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. Electronic address: Harvey.Kranzler@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Harvey N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Kranzler
authors.forename: Sarah D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D019338:Polypharmacy; D011600:Psychopharmacology; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003024:Clozapine
keywords: Adolescents; Antipsychotic medication; Antipsychotic side effects; Children; Clozapine; Psychopharmacology; Psychosis; Schizophrenia