title: Evidence for the role of hydrophobic forces on the interactions of nucleotide-monophosphates with cationic liposomes.
abstract: In this work, the interaction of nucleotide-monophosphates (NMPs) with unilamellar liposomes made of 1,2-Dioleoyl-3-Trimethylammonium-Propane (DOTAP) and 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) was investigated. Here, we demonstrate how adsorption is affected by the type of nucleotide-monophosphate. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) results revealed, for each NMP, that a distinguishable concentration exists at which a significant growth of the aggregates occurs. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) and guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) have shown a higher propensity to induce liposome aggregation process and in particular GMP appears to be the most effective. From ζ-potential experiments we found that liposomes loaded with purine based nucleotides (AMP and GMP) are able to decrease the ζ-potential values to a greater extent in comparison with the pyrimidine based nucleotides thimydine 5'-monophosphate (TMP) and uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP). Moreover, a careful analysis of nucleotide-liposome interactions revealed that nucleotides have different capacity to induce the formation of nucleotide-liposome complexes, and purine based nucleotides have higher affinities with lipid membranes. On the whole, the data emphasize that the mechanisms driving the interactions between liposomes and NMPs are also influenced by the existence of hydrophobic forces.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente Alimenti (DIAAA) and Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Università degli studi del Molise, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cuomo
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mosca
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murgia
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Avino
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ceglie
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lopez
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000737:chemistry; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008081:Liposomes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000737:chemistry; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C410262:1,2-dioleoyl-glycero-3-phosphatidyl ethanolamine; D002412:Cations; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D008081:Liposomes; D009711:Nucleotides; D010710:Phosphates; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C070046:1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propane
keywords: 1,2-Dioleoyl-3-Trimethylammonium-Propane; 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphoethanolamine; AMP; Binding; DLS; DOPE; DOTAP; GMP; Liposomes; Molecular interactions; NMP; Nucleotides; TMP; UMP; adenosine 5′-monophosphate adenosine 5′-monophosphate disodium salt; dynamic light scattering; guanosine 5′-monophosphate; nucleotide-monophosphates; thimydine 5′-monophosphate; uridine 5′-monophosphate; ζ-Potential