title: Differential effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic gastric bypass on appetite, circulating acyl-ghrelin, peptide YY3-36 and active GLP-1 levels in non-diabetic humans.
abstract: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP) reduces appetite and induces significant and sustainable weight loss. Circulating gut hormones changes engendered by LRYGBP are implicated in mediating these beneficial effects. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is advocated as an alternative to LRYGBP, with comparable short-term weight loss and metabolic outcomes. LRYGBP and LSG are anatomically distinct procedures causing differential entero-endocrine cell nutrient exposure and thus potentially different gut hormone changes. Studies reporting the comparative effects of LRYGBP and LSG on appetite and circulating gut hormones are controversial, with no data to date on the effects of LSG on circulating peptide YY3-36 (PYY3-36) levels, the specific PYY anorectic isoform. In this study, we prospectively investigated appetite and gut hormone changes in response to LRYGBP and LSG in adiposity-matched non-diabetic patients. Anthropometric indices, leptin, fasted and nutrient-stimulated acyl-ghrelin, active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), PYY3-36 levels and appetite were determined pre-operatively and at 6 and 12 weeks post-operatively in obese, non-diabetic females, with ten undergoing LRYGBP and eight adiposity-matched females undergoing LSG. LRYGBP and LSG comparably reduced adiposity. LSG decreased fasting and post-prandial plasma acyl-ghrelin compared to pre-surgery and to LRYGBP. Nutrient-stimulated PYY3-36 and active GLP-1 concentrations increased post-operatively in both groups. However, LRYGBP induced greater, more sustained PYY3-36 and active GLP-1 increments compared to LSG. LRYGBP suppressed fasting hunger compared to LSG. A similar increase in post-prandial fullness was observed post-surgery following both procedures. LRYGBP and LSG produced comparable enhanced satiety and weight loss. However, LSG and LRYGBP differentially altered gut hormone profiles.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Obesity Research Department of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Institute, 5, University Street, WC1E 6JJ, London, UK.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yousseif
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Emmanuel
authors.forename: Efthimia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karra
authors.forename: Queensta
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Millet
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elkalaawy
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Jenkinson
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamo
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Finer
authors.forename: Alberic G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Fiennes
authors.forename: Dominic J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Withers
authors.forename: Rachel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Batterham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000378:metabolism*; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism*; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000378:metabolism*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019894:Peptide YY; C061785:peptide YY (3-36); D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1