title: Moderation of age, sex, and ethnicity on psychosocial predictors of increased exercise and improved eating.
abstract: Although research indicates that treatment-induced improvements in self-regulation, mood, and self-efficacy significantly predict increased exercise and improved eating, moderation by participants' personal characteristics is largely unknown. Severely obese adults (N = 414; 47% White, 53% African American) volunteered for a behavioral exercise and nutrition treatment and demonstrated significant within-group improvements in self-efficacy for exercise, self-regulation for exercise, mood, self-efficacy for controlled eating, self-regulation for controlled eating, exercise volume, and fruit and vegetable intake over 26 weeks. After testing age, sex, and race/ethnicity as possible moderators of the prediction of changes in exercise volume and fruit and vegetable consumption by changes in self-regulation, mood, and self-efficacy, only age significantly moderated change in volume of exercise. Implications for theory and treatment were discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion and Physical Education, Kennesaw State University, 1000 Chastain Rd., Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA. jannesi@kennesaw.edu
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Annesi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012737:Sex Factors; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*