title: Amelioration of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by statins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of simvastatin (SIM) and rosuvastatin (RST) on cisplatin (CIS)-induced nephrotoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult female Wistar rats were divided into six groups: control group (Group 1) received 0.5% sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, group 2 and group 3 received SIM and RST for 10 days, respectively, and group 4 was injected single dose of CIS (7 mg/kg, i.p.). Group 5 and 6 were treated with SIM (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and RST (10 mg/kg, p.o.) for 10 days, respectively. All groups received cisplatin on the 5(th) day of treatment. Renal function tests like serum creatinine, urea, BUN, albumin, calcium, uric acid and magnesium, serum lipids, and markers of oxidative stress such as renal malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured. All tissues were investigated for histopathological changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CIS reduced the renal function, which was reflected with significant increase in serum urea, BUN, serum creatinine, uric acid and also significant decrease serum calcium, magnesium, albumin levels. In addition, cisplatin caused renal tubular damage with a higher MDA level, depletion of SOD and CAT activity, and elevation of serum lipids. SIM or RST ameliorate CIS induced renal damage due to improvement in renal function, oxidative stress, suppression of serum lipids, and histological alteration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This finding suggests that simvastatin and rosuvastatin may have a protective effect against cisplatin-induced kidney damage via amelioration of lipid peroxidation as well as due to improvement of renal function, and lipid-lowering effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Rajesh A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Maheshwari
authors.forename: Girish U
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Sailor
authors.forename: Lalji
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Balaraman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002945:Cisplatin; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D020011:Protective Agents; D011743:Pyrimidines; D012709:Serum Albumin; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014280:Triglycerides; D014527:Uric Acid; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D014508:Urea; D002784:Cholesterol; D019821:Simvastatin; D003404:Creatinine; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D008274:Magnesium; D002945:Cisplatin; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Cisplatin; nephrotoxicity; rosuvastatin; simvastatin