title: The immune interplay between the host and the pathogen in Aspergillus fumigatus lung infection.
abstract: The interplay between Aspergillus fumigatus and the host immune response in lung infection has been subject of studies over the last years due to its importance in immunocompromised patients. The multifactorial virulence factors of A. fumigatus are related to the fungus biological characteristics, for example, structure, ability to grow and adapt to high temperatures and stress conditions, besides capability of evading the immune system and causing damage to the host. In this context, the fungus recognition by the host innate immunity occurs when the pathogen disrupts the natural and chemical barriers followed by the activation of acquired immunity. It seems clear that a Th1 response has a protective role, whereas Th2 reactions are often associated with higher fungal burden, and Th17 response is still controversial. Furthermore, a fine regulation of the effector immunity is required to avoid excessive tissue damage associated with fungal clearance, and this role could be attributed to regulatory T cells. Finally, in this work we reviewed the aspects involved in the complex interplay between the host immune response and the pathogen virulence factors, highlighting the immunological issues and the importance of its better understanding to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for invasive lung aspergillosis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Do Café, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helioswilton
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sales-Campos
authors.forename: Ludmilla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tonani
authors.forename: Cristina Ribeiro Barros
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Márcia Regina Von Zeska
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kress
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors