title: Neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet laser versus pulsed dye laser in erythemato-telangiectatic rosacea: comparison of clinical efficacy and effect on cutaneous substance (P) expression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Different laser systems are reported to be effective in treatment of telangiectasia and erythema, but comparative studies on 1064-nm neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd-YAG) laser and pulsed dye laser (PDL) in treatment of erythemato-telangiectatic rosacea are lacking. Substance (P) is implicated in rosacea pathogenesis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effect of Nd-YAG laser and PDL on erythemato-telangiectatic rosacea, both clinically and immunohistochemically on cutaneous substance (P) expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  This split-face comparative study included 15 patients with erythemato-telangiectatic rosacea treated on the right side with Nd-YAG laser and on the left side with PDL: three sessions, 4 weeks apart. Evaluation of the patients was done using erythema and telangiectasia grading scores, patient's self-assessment, physicians' clinical assessment of the patient, and immunohistochemical assessment of substance (P).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One month after the three laser sessions, excellent response was achieved in 73.3% of patients after Nd-YAG and in 53.3% of patients after PDL with significantly lower substance (P) concentration after Nd-YAG laser than after PDL. Positive correlations were found between the decrease in erythema and telangiectasia grading scores and the decrease in substance (P) concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of Nd-YAG laser and PDL appears to be safe and effective measures in treatment of erythemato-telangiectatic rosacea. Both types of laser decrease the concentration of substance (P) in the skin. This effect is more pronounced with Nd-YAG laser.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Samar Abdallah M
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Salem
authors.forename: Nermeen S A
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Abdel Fattah
authors.forename: Samah M A
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Tantawy
authors.forename: Nafissa M A
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: El-Badawy
authors.forename: Yasser A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Abd El-Aziz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004890:Erythema / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054025:Lasers, Dye / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012393:Rosacea / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013373:Substance P / Q000378:metabolism*; D013684:Telangiectasis / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D013373:Substance P
keywords: Nd-YAG; Neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet laser; PDL; pulsed dye laser; rosacea; substance (P)