title: Simplified miniaturized ultrasound-assisted matrix solid phase dispersion extraction and high performance liquid chromatographic determination of seven flavonoids in citrus fruit juice and human fluid samples: hesperetin and naringenin as biomarkers.
abstract: In the present study, for the first time, a simplified miniaturized ultrasound-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion (SM-USA-MSPD) method with a different application for liquid matrices was developed to extract different flavonoids (hesperidin, diosmin, eriocitrin, narirutin, naringin, hesperetin and naringenin) from citrus fruit juice and human fluid samples prior to their determination using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Different effective parameters were studied and under the optimum conditions (including sample volume: 150μL; solid phase: silica-based C18, 200mg; eluting solvent: methanol, 500μL; pH: 4; and sonication: 6min; at room temperature), limits of detection and limits of quantification were ranged from 23.3 to 46.8ngmL(-1) and 74.8 to 141.5ngmL(-1), respectively. Once optimized, analytical performance of the method was studied in terms of linearity (0.074-198.5μgmL(-1), r(2)>0.991), accuracy (recovery=84.6-101.5%), and precision (repeatability: intra-day precision<5.9%, and inter-day precision<7.2%). At the end, SM-USA-MSPD method was successfully applied to estimate the levels of hesperetin and naringenin in plasma and urinary excretion -after ingestion of orange, grapefruit and lime juices- and the obtained results confirmed that these compounds could be used as good biomarkers of citrus fruit juice intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan 35195-363, Iran.
authors.forename: Behruz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barfi
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asghari
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajabi
authors.forename: Azadeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barfi
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saeidi
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D044950:Flavanones / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008297:Male; D008904:Miniaturization / Q000379:methods; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D013016:Sound
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D044950:Flavanones; D006569:Hesperidin; C005273:naringenin; C013015:hesperetin
keywords: Citrus fruit juice; Flavonoid; HPLC; Human plasma; Miniaturized ultrasound-assisted MSPD; Urine sample