title: Identification of volatiles by headspace gas chromatography with simultaneous flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection.
abstract: Volatiles are frequently abused as inhalants. The methods used for identification are generally nonspecific if analyzed concurrently with ethanol or require an additional analytical procedure that employs mass spectrometry. A previously published technique utilizing a capillary flow technology splitter to simultaneously quantitate and confirm ethyl alcohol by flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection after headspace sampling and gas chromatographic separation was evaluated for the detection of inhalants. Methanol, isopropanol, acetone, acetaldehyde, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (Norflurane, HFC-134a), chloroethane, trichlorofluoromethane (Freon®-11), dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon®-12), dichlorofluoromethane (Freon®-21), chlorodifluoromethane (Freon®-22) and 1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane (Freon®-114) were validated for qualitative identification by this method. The validation for qualitative identification included evaluation of matrix effects, sensitivity, carryover, specificity, repeatability and ruggedness/robustness.
authors.affiliation: 1 Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office, 3228 Gun Club Road, West Palm Beach, FL 33406, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Tiscione
authors.forename: Dustin Tate
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Yeatman
authors.forename: Xiaoqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Joseph H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kahl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005410:Flame Ionization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D014835:Volatilization; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs