title: Fibrinogen and FXIII dose response effects on albumin-induced coagulopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Natural colloid albumin induces a lesser degree of dilutional coagulopathy than synthetic colloids. Fibrinogen concentrate has emerged as a promising strategy to treat coagulopathy, and factor XIII (FXIII) works synergistically with fibrinogen to correct coagulopathy following haemodilution with crystalloids. Our objectives were to examine the ability of fibrinogen and FXIII concentrates to reverse albumin-induced dilutional coagulopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  High and low concentrations of both fibrinogen and FXIII were used to reverse coagulopathy induced by 1:1 dilution in vitro with 5% albumin of blood samples from healthy volunteers, monitored by rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Haemodilution with albumin significantly attenuated EXTEM maximum clot firmness (MCF), alpha angle (AA), clotting time (CT) and clot formation time (CFT), and FIBTEM MCF (p < 0.001). Following haemodilution, both doses of fibrinogen significantly corrected all ROTEM parameters (p ≤ 0.02), except the lower dose did not correct AA. Compared to the lower dose, the higher dose of fibrinogen significantly improved FIBTEM MCF and EXTEM MCF, AA and CFT (p < 0.001). The lower dose of FXIII did not significantly correct any of the ROTEM parameters, and the high dose only improved EXTEM CT (p = 0.004). All combinations of high/low concentrations of fibrinogen/FXIII significantly improved all ROTEM parameters examined (p ≤ 0.001). Fibrinogen concentration generally had a greater effect on each parameter than did FXIII concentration; the best correction of ROTEM parameters was achieved with high-dose fibrinogen concentrate and either low- or high-dose FXIII.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fibrinogen concentrate successfully corrected initiation, propagation and clot firmness deficits induced by haemodilution with albumin, and FXIII synergistically improved fibrin-based clot strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University , Lund , Sweden.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: Dag
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Winstedt
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schött
mesh_terms: D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005176:Factor XIII / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006438:Hemodilution; D006801:Humans; D012709:Serum Albumin; D013916:Thrombelastography
chemical_list: D012709:Serum Albumin; D005340:Fibrinogen; D005176:Factor XIII