title: [The long-term follow-up of patients with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia: review of the literature].
abstract: The increased survival rate reached in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has shown a concomitant increase in late morbidity. Many complications including pulmonary damage, cardiovascular disease, gastro-intestinal disease, failure to thrive, neurocognitive defects and musculoskeletal abnormalities have been described. Long-term pulmonary morbidity in CDH consists of obstructive and restrictive lung function impairments due to altered lung structure and prolonged ventilatory support. Long-term consequences of pulmonary hypertension are unknown. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is also an important contributor to overall morbidity. Failure to thrive may be caused by GERD, insufficient intake due to oral aversion and increased caloric requirements due to pulmonary morbidity. Neurological outcome is determined by an increased risk of perinatal and neonatal hypoxemia in the first days of life of CDH patients. Many studies have addressed the substantial impact of the health problems described above, on the overall well-being of CDH patients, but only a few studies focus on the health-related quality of life. Considering the scattered data indicating substantial morbidity in long-term survivors of CDH, follow-up studies that systematically assess long-term sequelae are needed. Based on such studies, a more focused approach for routine multidisciplinary follow-up programs could be established. It is the goal of the French Collaborative Network to promote exchange of knowledge, future research and development of treatment protocols.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU de Lille, avenue Eugène-Avinée, 59037Lille, France. Electronic address: Thomas.PENNAFORTE@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pennaforte
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rakza
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fily
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mur
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Diouta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sfeir
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aubry
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonnevalle
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Storme
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D005183:Failure to Thrive; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000209:etiology; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome