title: [Dose effect of alcohol on sex differences in blood alcohol metabolism--cases where healthy subjects with ALDH2*1/1 genotype drunk beer with meal].
abstract: It is said that blood alcohol concentrations (BAG) are higher in female than in male due to the smaller distribution volume of alcohol in female, whereas the rate of alcohol metabolism is faster in female than in males due to a higher activity of liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in female. However, it is also known that alcohol metabolism varies depending on drinking conditions. In this study, we evaluated the dose effect of alcohol on sex differences in alcohol metabolism in daily drinking conditions, where young adults (16 males, 15 females) with ALDH2*1/1 genotype drunk beer at a dose of 0.32g or 1.0g ethanol/kg body weight with a test meal (460kcal). This study was conducted using a randomized cross-over design. In the considerable drinking condition (1.0g/kg), BAG was significantly higher in females than in males, whereas the rate of alcohol metabolism (beta) was higher in female than in male. In the moderate drinking condition (0.32g/kg), however, no sex differences in alcohol metabolism including BAG were seen. These results suggest that an increased first pass metabolism through liver ADH in female, which may be caused by the reduction of gastric emptying rate due to the meal intake, contribute to the vanishing of sex difference in BAC in the moderate drinking condition.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratories for Fundamental Technology of Food, Asahi Group Holdings, Ltd., 1-21 Midori 1-chome, Moriya-shi, Ibaraki 302-0106, Japan. shunji.oshima@asahigroup-holdings.com
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haseba
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Ema
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kakimi
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Youkichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000097:blood*; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D001515:Beer; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; C096127:ALDH2 protein, human; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial