title: In vitro delivery and controlled release of Doxorubicin for targeting osteosarcoma bone cancer.
abstract: Drug delivery systems are designed to achieve drug therapeutic index and enhance the efficacy of controlled drug release targeting with specificity and selectivity by successful delivery of therapeutic agents at the desired sites without affecting the non-diseased neighbouring cells or tissues. In this research, we developed and demonstrated a bio-based calcium carbonate nanocrystals carrier that can be loaded with anticancer drug and selectively deliver it to cancer cells with high specificity by achieving the effective osteosarcoma cancer cell death without inducing specific toxicity. The results showed pH sensitivity of the controlled release characteristics of the drug at normal physiological pH 7.4 with approximately 80% released within 1,200 min but when exposed pH 4.8 the corresponding 80% was released in 50 min. This study showed that the DOX-loaded CaCO₃ nanocrystals have promising applications in delivery of anticancer drugs.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, UPM 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shafiu Abdullahi
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kamba
authors.forename: Maznah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Samer Hasan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hussein-Al-Ali
authors.forename: Tengku Azmi Tengku
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Zuki Abu Bakar
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Zakaria
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004355:Drug Stability; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004317:Doxorubicin; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D020169:Caspases; D002119:Calcium Carbonate