title: Neurotoxicity of acrylamide in exposed workers.
abstract: Acrylamide (ACR) is a water-soluble chemical used in different industrial and laboratory processes. ACR monomer is neurotoxic in humans and laboratory animals. Subchronic exposure to this chemical causes neuropathies, hands and feet numbness, gait abnormalities, muscle weakness, ataxia, skin and in some cases, cerebellar alterations. ACR neurotoxicity involves mostly the peripheral but also the central nervous system, because of damage to the nerve terminal through membrane fusion mechanisms and tubulovescicular alterations. Nevertheless, the exact action mechanism is not completely elucidated. In this paper we have reviewed the current literature on its neurotoxicity connected to work-related ACR exposure. We have analyzed not only the different pathogenetic hypotheses focusing on possible neuropathological targets, but also the critical behavior of ACR poisoning. In addition we have evaluated the ACR-exposed workers case studies. Despite all the amount of work which have being carried out on this topic more studies are necessary to fully understand the pathogenetic mechanisms, in order to propose suitable therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy. manuelapennisi@libero.it
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pennisi
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Malaguarnera
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Puglisi
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vinciguerra
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vacante
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malaguarnera
mesh_terms: D020106:Acrylamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D020106:Acrylamide