title: Over hypothyroidism in a woman undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thyroid function and gonadal axis are related throughout a woman's fertile period. Modifications of thyroid hormone levels have been reported as a consequence of controlled ovarian stimulation for infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 28-year-old woman with regular menses and previous evidence of euthyroidism underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for assisted reproductive technology (ART). Free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and autoantibodies against thyroperoxidase and thyroglobulin (TPOAb and TgAb, respectively) were measured before COH. FT4, FT3, and TSH were re-evaluated 6 days, 2 weeks (during oocyte retrieval), and 1 month after the beginning of the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The baseline evaluation revealed subclinical autoimmune hypothyroidism. The patient was hypothyroidic at 6 days and 2 weeks and spontaneously returned to euthyroidism 1 month after COH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first case of a woman with an unknown subclinical autoimmune hypothyroidism who developed overt and transient hypothyroidism as a consequence of COH. Careful thyroid evaluation is advised for women undergoing COH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN.
authors.forename: Scilla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Del Ghianda
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Loconte
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Gynecology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruggiero
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Benelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Gynecology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo Giovanni
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Artini
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Gynecology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cela
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Gynecology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Tommaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simoncini
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Latrofa
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vitti
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Research Center of Excellence AmbiSEN.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonacchera