title: [Recruitment and activation of brown and/or BRITE adipocytes : potential therapeutic against metabolic diseases].
abstract: In mammals, typically two types of adipose tissues are described: the white and the brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT respectively). Whereas WAT represents the main energy storage in the organism, BAT dissipates energy as heat through the expression of the uncoupling protein UCP1 (uncoupling protein-1) that uncouples the functioning of the respiratory chain from ATP synthase. While both white and brown adipocytes have been considered for a long time as two very close cellular types sharing a common precursor, recent data challenge these conclusions and propose the existence of a new possible type of adipocyte, the BRITE (brown-in-white) adipocyte. In parallel, the recent discovery of significant amounts of BAT in human adults has renewed the interest of the scientific community for this tissue. Given its considerable capacity to dissipate substrates, BAT appears again as a therapeutic target against metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. This review's objective is to discuss recent literature and to highlight elements to be clarified.
authors.affiliation: Université Paul Sabatier, établissement français du sang, Inserm U1031, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrière
authors.forename: Yannick
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jeanson
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cousin
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arnaud
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Casteilla
mesh_terms: D052437:Adipocytes, Brown / Q000502:physiology*; D052438:Adipocytes, White / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000628:therapy; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000502:physiology; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000628:therapy; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; C000604371:UCP1 protein, human; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1