title: Childhood trauma and psychosis.
abstract: Childhood trauma is a common occurrence and has been associated with psychosis and suggested as a risk factor leading to psychosis and schizophrenia in adulthood. This article introduces the scope of the problem and discusses the evidence for causal relationships between childhood adversities and increased risk for psychosis. The relationship between specific types of trauma and their association with specific psychotic symptoms is described, as well as the manifestations of co-occurring trauma effects and psychosis in adolescents. Clinical presentations and the use of diagnostic instruments, diagnostic comorbidities, and evidence-based psychotherapeutic interventions to treat effects of trauma in youth with psychotic illnesses are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. Electronic address: yael.dvir@umassmed.edu.
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dvir
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Denietolis
authors.forename: Jean A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Frazier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054523:Adult Survivors of Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D058445:Bullying / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D063129:Parental Death / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Child abuse; Childhood adversity; Childhood maltreatment; Childhood trauma; Psychosis