title: Reformulating psychological difficulties in people with Parkinson's disease: the potential of a social relational approach to disablism.
abstract: Research investigating the psychological difficulties experienced by people with Parkinson's disease (PD) is dominated by individualistic neurobiological and psychological perspectives. Therefore, this opinion paper draws on a reformulation of the social model of disability, Thomas' (1999) and (2007) social relational approach to disablism, to offer an alternative way of conceptualising psychological difficulties experienced by people with PD. This opinion paper explores the ways in which socially imposed restrictions and stigma may contribute to psychological difficulties by using Thomas' (2007) concept of psychoemotional disablism. By using the lens of psychoemotional disablism, this paper demonstrates that people with PD can be exposed to stigmatising attitudes and interactions which could contribute to restrictions, feelings of shame, and psychological difficulties such as depression. Accordingly, it is argued that further attention to the link between psychological difficulties and social dimensions of disablism in PD is needed in both research arenas and clinical practice to broaden understandings and interventions for people with PD.
authors.affiliation: Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YT, UK.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reeve