title: Contamination of deconjugation enzymes derived from Helix pomatia with the plant bioactive compounds 3,3'-diindolylmethane, 5-methoxypsoralen, and 8-methoxypsoralen.
abstract: Bioactive compounds from plant foods are intensely investigated for effects on disease prevention. β-Glucuronidase/arylsulfatase from Helix pomatia (snail) is commonly used when quantifying exposure to metabolized dietary components. However, we describe here the contamination of multiple formulations of this enzyme preparation with 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), and 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP), bioactives from cruciferous and apiaceous vegetables under investigation as putative cancer chemopreventive agents. We identified an Escherichia coli preparation of β-glucuronidase as free from contamination with any of the compounds tested. These results demonstrate the importance of selecting appropriate enzyme preparations when quantifying naturally occurring, trace level compounds in biological fluids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 2nd St. S, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Cheryl E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Ainslie-Waldman
authors.forename: Scott W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Simpkins
authors.forename: Pramod
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Upadhyaya
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Carmella
authors.forename: Stephen S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.forename: Sabrina P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Trudo
mesh_terms: D000078223:5-Methoxypsoralen; D000818:Animals; D001192:Arylsulfatases / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004340:Drug Contamination; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006372:Helix, Snails / Q000201:enzymology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000032:analysis*; D008730:Methoxsalen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000078223:5-Methoxypsoralen; D001192:Arylsulfatases; D005966:Glucuronidase; C016392:3,3'-diindolylmethane; D008730:Methoxsalen
keywords: 3,3′-Diindolylmethane; 3,3′-diindolylmethane; 5-MOP; 5-Methoxypsoralen; 5-methoxypsoralen; 8-MOP; 8-Methoxypsoralen; 8-methoxypsoralen; CYP; DIM; Deconjugation enzymes; Dietary chemoprevention; Helix pomatia; I3C; LOQ; ND; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; UGT; cytochrome P450; indole-3-carbinol; limit of quantitation; not detected