title: Generalized yield stress equation for electrorheological fluids.
abstract: A new generalized yield stress scaling equation for electrorheological (ER) fluids was developed by introducing the critical electric field (Ec) and material parameter. This equation can be used to describe the dependency of the yield stress on an electric field not only for conventional ER suspensions with a change in slope from 2.0 to 1.5, but also for giant ER fluids with a change in slope from 2.0 to 1.0. The yield stress data obtained from different ER fluid systems with different material parameters was collapsed onto a single curve for the entire range of electric field strengths using the proper scaling method proposed in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Harbin Institute Technology, Harbin 150001, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying Dan
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Myung S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jhon
authors.forename: Hyoung Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: Critical electric field; Electrorheological fluid; Universal equation; Yield stress