title: Size-dependent effects of micro polystyrene particles in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus.
abstract: We investigated the effects of three sizes of polystyrene (PS) microbeads (0.05, 0.5, and 6-μm diameter) on the survival, development, and fecundity of the copepod Tigriopus japonicus using acute and chronic toxicity tests. T. japonicus ingested and egested all three sizes of PS beads used and exhibited no selective feeding when phytoplankton were added. The copepods (nauplius and adult females) survived all sizes of PS beads and the various concentrations tested in the acute toxicity test for 96 h. In the two-generation chronic toxicity test, 0.05-μm PS beads at a concentration greater than 12.5 μg/mL caused the mortality of nauplii and copepodites in the F0 generation and even triggered mortality at a concentration of 1.25 μg/mL in the next generation. In the 0.5-μm PS bead treatment, despite there being no significant effect on the F0 generation, the highest concentration (25 μg/mL) induced a significant decrease in survival compared with the control population in the F1 generation. The 6-μm PS beads did not affect the survival of T. japonicus over two generations. The 0.5- and 6-μm PS beads caused a significant decrease in fecundity at all concentrations. These results suggest that microplastics such as micro- or nanosized PS beads may have negative impacts on marine copepods.
authors.affiliation: South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology , 391 Jangmok-myon, Geoje-shi, 656-834, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyun-Woo
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Won Joon
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Oh Youn
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Jung-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D033342:Copepoda / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D010316:Particle Size; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D011137:Polystyrenes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical