title: NR4A nuclear receptors in immunity and atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, we require in-depth knowledge on immune-cell differentiation, function of specific immune-cell subsets and endothelial cell-mediated extravasation. In this review, we summarize a number of very recent observations on the pivotal function of NR4A nuclear receptors in immunity and atherosclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NR4A nuclear receptors are involved in negative selection of thymocytes, Treg differentiation and the development of Ly6C monocytes. Nur77 and Nurr1 attenuate atherosclerosis in mice whereas NOR-1 aggravates vascular lesion formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These exciting, novel insights on the function of NR4A nuclear receptors in immunity, vascular cells and atherosclerosis will initiate a plethora of studies to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, which will culminate in the identification of novel NR4A targets to modulate chronic inflammatory disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anouk A J
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hamers
authors.forename: Richard N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: Heba
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nowyhed
authors.forename: Catherine C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hedrick
authors.forename: Carlie J M
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D057105:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D057126:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C539821:NR4A1 protein, human; C539882:NR4A2 protein, human; C539818:Nr4a1 protein, mouse; C539883:Nr4a2 protein, mouse; D057105:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; D057126:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2