title: Incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection in general surgery in a developing country.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) according to risk factors, etiological agents, antimicrobial resistance rates of pathogens, and antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) in a developing country.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective surveillance of SSIs was carried out in general surgery (GS) units between May 2005 and April 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SSI was diagnosed in 415 (10.8%) patients. Cefazolin was used as AMP in 780 (49%) operations, whereas broad-spectrum antibiotics were used in the remaining operations. AMP was administered for >24 h in 69 and 64% of the GS patients. The most significant risk factors for SSI after GS were total parenteral nutrition, transfusion, and a drainage catheter. The most common pathogen was Escherichia coli, but all the isolated pathogens were multiresistant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AMP is effective for reducing the risk of SSI; however, the prolonged use of AMP and broad-spectrum antibiotics may be associated with the emergence of resistant bacterial strains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Infection Control Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey, ealp@erciyes.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alp
authors.forename: Ferhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Elmali
authors.forename: Safiye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ersoy
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kucuk
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doganay
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D057785:Catheters / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000009:adverse effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents