title: Perceived humiliation during admission to a psychiatric emergency service and its relation to socio-demography and psychopathology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a lack of empirical studies of patients' level of humiliation during the hospital admission process and its implications for the clinical setting. We wanted to explore associations between self-rated humiliation and socio-demography and psychopathology in relation to admission to a psychiatric emergency unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutively admitted patients (N = 186) were interviewed with several validated instruments. The patients self-rated humiliation by The Cantril Ladder, and 35% of the sample was defined as the high humiliation group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Final multivariate analysis found significant associations between compulsory admission, not being in paid work, high scores on hostility, and on entitlement, and high levels of humiliation. No significant interactions were observed between these variables, and the narcissism score was not a confounder concerning humiliation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High level of humiliation during the admission process was mainly related to patient factors, but also to compulsory admission which should be avoided as much as possible protecting the self-esteem of the patients.
authors.affiliation: Aalesund University College, P,O, Box 1517, N-6025 Aalesund, Norway. masv@hials.no.
authors.forename: Marit F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Svindseth
authors.forename: Jim A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nøttestad
authors.forename: Alv A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Dahl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003134:Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders; D004637:Emergency Services, Psychiatric; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D010465:Perception; D057545:Social Stigma