title: Serum adiponectin concentration in relation to macronutrient and food intake in young Japanese women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known about the relation of modifiable dietary factors to circulating adiponectin concentrations, particularly in young adults and non-Western populations. The aim of this study was to determine the association between macronutrient and food intake and serum adiponectin concentration in a group of young Japanese women.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study included 1047 female Japanese dietetic students aged 18 to 22 y. Using a validated, self-administered, comprehensive diet history questionnaire, we assessed intake of nutrients (protein, total fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, and dietary fiber) and foods (rice, bread, noodles, potatoes, confectioneries, fats and oils, pulses, fish and shellfish, meats, eggs, dairy products, vegetables, fruits, coffee, green and oolong tea, black tea, and soft drinks) and glycemic index and load. Fasting blood samples were collected and serum adiponectin concentrations were measured. Adjustment was made for survey year, region, municipality level, current smoking, current alcohol drinking, physical activity, body mass index, energy intake, and intakes of other nutrients or foods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for potential confounding factors, none of the nutrients examined was a significant determinant of serum adiponectin concentration. There was no association for glycemic index or load. Coffee was the only food significantly and independently associated with serum adiponectin concentration. Mean (SE) values of serum adiponectin concentration for each quartile of coffee intake were 12.4 (0.2), 12.4 (0.5), 12.5 (0.3), and 13.2 (0.3) μg/mL, respectively (P for trend = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a group of young Japanese women, higher coffee intake was independently associated with higher serum adiponectin concentration.
authors.affiliation: Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), University of Ulster, Coleraine, United Kingdom; JSPS Postdoctoral Fellow for Research Abroad, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: k.murakami@ulster.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uenishi
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003611:Dairy Products; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005215:Fasting; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D005638:Fruit; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat; D009043:Motor Activity; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013662:Tea; D014675:Vegetables; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D013662:Tea
keywords: Adiponectin; Coffee; Epidemiology; Japanese; Young women