title: A comparison of the biological features of prostate cancer with (PSA+, PSMA+) profile according to RKIP.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate differences in the biological features of the most immunoexpressed prostate cancer (PC) profiles (PSA+, PSMA+) according to the RKIP.
  
  
  METHODS
  19 PC with dominant Gleason grade ≥ 8 were studied. Expression of PSA, PSMA, RKIP, Raf-1, MEK-1, ERK-1, ERK-2, p-Akt (T308), p-Akt (S473), NF- κ B p50, and NF- κ Bp65 were detected immunohistochemically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  . Loss of RKIP in the most immunoexpressed PC (PSA+, PSMA+) profile was associated with increased levels of PSA and PSMA expression. Intensities of immunoreactions to PSA and PSMA were higher in cancer cells negative for RKIP (12.51 ± 1.6 and 34.95 ± 1.92) compared to those positive for RKIP (4.68 ± 1.11 and 28.56 ± 0.91). In parallel, missing RKIP expression in PC patients with PSA+, PSMA+ profile was connected with increased components of both Raf-1/MEK/ERK and NF- κ B (p65/p50), whereas Akt is activated independently of RKIP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although characterized by the same (PSA+, PSMA+) profile, PC phenotype missing the RKIP related to invasive potential and greater biological aggressiveness reflected in overexpression of components of Raf-1/MEK/ERK and NF- κ B (p65/p50) in which Akt is activated independently of RKIP. Taking into account the PC phenotypes according to RKIP among PSA-PSMA profiles may improve distinguishing them from cancers that will become more aggressive and therefore adapt the therapeutic strategies in those patients.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Immunology and Microbiology Environmental and Carcinogenesis (IMEC), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Awatef
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben Jemaa
authors.forename: Yosra
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bouraoui
authors.forename: Sataa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sallami
authors.forename: Yassine
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nouira
authors.forename: Ridha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oueslati
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C511482:PEBP1 protein, human; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein; C473848:FOLH1 protein, human; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen