title: A Human Clinical, Histological, Histomorphometrical, and Radiographical Study on Biphasic HA-Beta-TCP 30/70 in Maxillary Sinus Augmentation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  By mixing hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics can be obtained, and by varying their ratio it is possible to tailor the characteristics of the biomaterial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present human study was to evaluate the histological and radiographical aspects of bone formation in maxillary sinus augmentation using a 30/70 HA-beta-TCP with a reticular structure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 12 patients, undergoing two-stage sinus augmentation procedure using HA-beta-TCP at a ratio of 30/70, were included in the present study. After a 6-month healing period, during implant insertion, radiographical analysis was performed, and then the bone core biopsies were harvested and processed for histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At radiographic evaluation, the bone gain was on average 6.85 ± 0.60 mm. HA-beta-TCP 30/70 appeared to be lined by newly formed bone, with no gaps at the interface. The histomorphometric analysis revealed 26 ± 2% of residual grafted biomaterial, 29 ± 3% of newly formed bone, and 45 ± 2% of marrow spaces.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results indicate histologically the high biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of HA-beta-TCP 30/70, and clinically its successful use for sinus augmentation procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological and Surgical Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mangano
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sinjari
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, SP, Guarulhos, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jamil A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shibli
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological and Surgical Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mangano
authors.affiliation: BioCer Entwicklungs GmbH, Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamisch
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Perrotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iezzi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001706:Biopsy; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: biphasic calcium phosphate; bone regeneration; histology; hydroxyapatite; sinus augmentation