title: Comparative evaluation of porous versus nonporous mucoadhesive films as buccal delivery system of glibenclamide.
abstract: The present research work focused on the comparative assessment of porous versus nonporous films in order to develop a suitable buccoadhesive device for the delivery of glibenclamide. Both films were prepared by solvent casting technique using the 3(2) full factorial design, developing nine formulations (F1-F9). The films were evaluated for ex vivo mucoadhesive force, ex vivo mucoadhesion time, in vitro drug release (using a modified flow-through drug release apparatus), and ex vivo drug permeation. The mucoadhesive force, mucoadhesion time, swelling index, and tensile strength were observed to be directly proportional to the content of HPMC K4M. The optimized porous film (F4) showed an in vitro drug release of 84.47 ± 0.98%, ex vivo mucoadhesive force of 0.24 ± 0.04 N, and ex vivo mucoadhesion time of 539.11 ± 3.05 min, while the nonporous film (NF4) with the same polymer composition showed a release of 62.66 ± 0.87%, mucoadhesive force of 0.20 ± 0.05 N, and mucoadhesive time of 510 ± 2.00 min. The porous film showed significant differences for drug release and mucoadhesion time (p < 0.05) versus the nonporous film. The mechanism of drug release was observed to follow non-Fickian diffusion (0.1 < n < 0.5) for both porous and nonporous films. Ex vivo permeation studies through chicken buccal mucosa indicated improved drug permeation in porous films versus nonporous films. The present investigation established porous films to be a cost-effective buccoadhesive delivery system of glibenclamide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, P.O. Chattikara, Mathura, 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bali
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Kamla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pathak
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D002645:Chickens; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005905:Glyburide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D007785:Lactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D016062:Porosity; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014014:Tissue Adhesives
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; C509290:hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-lactose matrix; C013517:ethyl cellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D008747:Methylcellulose; D007785:Lactose; D005905:Glyburide