title: Transmission model of hepatitis B virus with the migration effect.
abstract: Hepatitis B is a globally infectious disease. Mathematical modeling of HBV transmission is an interesting research area. In this paper, we present characteristics of HBV virus transmission in the form of a mathematical model. We analyzed the effect of immigrants in the model to study the effect of immigrants for the host population. We added the following flow parameters: "the transmission between migrated and exposed class" and "the transmission between migrated and acute class." With these new features, we obtained a compartment model of six differential equations. First, we find the basic threshold quantity Ro and then find the local asymptotic stability of disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium. Furthermore, we find the global stability of the disease-free and endemic equilibria. Previous similar publications have not added the kind of information about the numerical results of the model. In our case, from numerical simulation, a detailed discussion of the parameters and their numerical results is presented. We claim that with these assumptions and by adding the migrated class, the model informs policy for governments, to be aware of the immigrants and subject them to tests about the disease status. Immigrants for short visits and students should be subjected to tests to reduce the number of immigrants with disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. altafdir@gmail.com
authors.forename: Muhammad Altaf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arif
authors.forename: Zahoor
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: ul Haq
mesh_terms: D050936:Basic Reproduction Number; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000502:physiology*; D063426:Human Migration; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009716:Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted