title: Rapid immunocytochemistry with simple heat-induced antigen retrieval technique for improvement in the quality of cytological diagnosis.
abstract: Rapid immunocytochemistry (ICC) can improve the accuracy of intraoperative cytological diagnoses; however, it is usually applied without heat-induced antigen retrieval (HIAR). We established a HIAR method for rapid ICC and evaluated its efficacy and reliability. Rapidly fixed smear samples were immunostained using 35 antibodies. We compared the results of HIAR by boiling in a pot or heating in an electric kettle. The smears were incubated for 3 min with each primary antibody and immuno-enzyme polymer reagent, and for 1 min with diaminobenzidine solution. HIAR for 1 min using the kettle method yielded the best cellular integrity. For 32 out of the 35 antibodies, results achieved using rapid ICC within 11 min were comparable to that achieved using standard ICC. HIAR was essential for 13 antibodies. For two of the antibodies, HIAR was not required when standard ICC was applied, but consistent staining with rapid ICC was obtained only with HIAR. In conclusion, we established a rapid ICC procedure using a simple HIAR method, which allowed efficient immunostaining of a panel of antigens, including nuclear antigens, within only 11 min. The combined use of this rapid ICC technique with other staining techniques could be useful for improving intraoperative cytological diagnoses.
authors.affiliation: Section of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan (TD, MS).
authors.forename: Tamami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Denda
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamoshida
authors.forename: Jumpei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Sadahito
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuwao
authors.forename: Motoji
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sawabe
mesh_terms: D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens
keywords: cytologic diagnosis; heat-induced antigen retrieval; kettle method; rapid immunocytochemistry