title: Currarino syndrome: report of five consecutive patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Currarino syndrome is regarded as a developmental disorder based on its recognized etiological heterogeneity. This syndrome is thought to result from abnormal separation of the neuroectoderm from the endoderm. Our aim was to report the neurosurgical management of Currarino syndrome in children and adults and to describe what clinician could do if the Currarino triad was suspected.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present five cases of Currarino triad who underwent surgical intervention. All patients had sacral bony deformity, anorectal malformations, and anterior sacral meningocele. A 40-year-old-male had chronic constipation. He was incidentally diagnosed with Currarino syndrome. A 19-year-old-female suffered from a slight weakness in lower extremities and urinary incontinence. Her past medical history was remarkable for anal atresia. The other three cases were children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When an anterior sacral meningocele is encountered, Currarino syndrome should be taken into consideration. Although it is rarity, the Currarino syndrome might be one of the causes of chronic constipation. Endoscopic or endoscope-assisted surgery via a posterior sacral route can be feasible for treatment of some of the patients with anterior sacral meningocele. Anterior meningocele pouch associated with Currarino syndrome will regresses over time following transdural ligation of its neck.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Düzce University School of Medicine, Düzce, 81320, Turkey, sonerduru@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Soner
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duru
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karabagli
authors.forename: Erhan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Turkoglu
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Erşahin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003248:Constipation / Q000209:etiology; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004065:Digestive System Abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000209:etiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008588:Meningocele / Q000601:surgery; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000209:etiology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D012007:Rectum / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012447:Sacrum / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D013595:Syringomyelia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology; D016138:Walking; D055815:Young Adult