title: Clinical evaluation of highly sensitive silver amplification immunochromatography systems for rapid diagnosis of influenza.
abstract: In this study, the clinical usefulness of silver amplification immunochromatography (SAI) influenza virus detection kits, which employed a photographic development technology to increase the sensitivity of the conventional immunochromatographic assay was evaluated. Influenza A and B virus strains of nasopharyngeal aspirates obtained from influenza patients were tested at different dilutions on the SAI system and conventional immunochromatographic assay kit (ESPLINE Influenza A & B-N), and detection limits were calculated for comparison. The detection ability of the SAI system was 8 times higher for Influenza A viruses and 32-64 times higher for Influenza B viruses. Then 1118 respiratory specimens were obtained from patients who presented with influenza-like symptoms between 2009 and 2012. The sensitivities of the SAI system were 91.2% for type A and 94.4% for type B viruses and higher than those of the conventional kit. The SAI system also showed excellent specificities, 95.8% for type A and 98.0% for type B viruses, and was able to detect influenza viruses even within 6h after the disease onset with 90% sensitivity. In conclusion, the SAI system is useful for diagnosis of influenza from early stages of the illness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Eiju General Hospital, Ueno, Taito-ku, Tokyo 110-8645, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitamura
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Katada
authors.forename: Atsuhiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Chiharu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugaya
mesh_terms: D002846:Chromatography, Affinity / Q000379:methods*; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000821:virology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012834:Silver; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012834:Silver
keywords: Immunochromatographic system; Influenza; Silver amplification