title: Modulation of interferon-γ synthesis by the effects of lignin-like enzymatically polymerized polyphenols on antigen-presenting cell activation and the subsequent cell-to-cell interactions.
abstract: Lignin-like polymerized polyphenols strongly activate lymphocytes and induce cytokine synthesis. We aimed to characterise the mechanisms of action of polymerized polyphenols on immunomodulating functions. We compared the reactivity of leukocytes from various organs to that of polymerized polyphenols. Splenocytes and resident peritoneal cavity cells (PCCs) responded to polymerized polyphenols and released several cytokines, whereas thymocytes and bone-marrow cells showed no response. Next, we eliminated antigen-presenting cells (APCs) from splenocytes to study their involvement in cytokine synthesis. We found that APC-negative splenocytes showed significantly reduced cytokine production induced by polymerized polyphenols. Additionally, adequate interferon-γ (IFN-γ) induction by polymerized polyphenols was mediated by the coexistence of APCs and T cells because the addition of T cells to PCCs increased IFN-γ production. Furthermore, inhibition of the T cell-APC interaction using neutralising antibodies significantly decreased cytokine production. Thus, cytokine induction by polymerized polyphenols was mediated by the interaction between APCs and T cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Masuro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motoi
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: Noriko N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Naohito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008031:Lignin; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D058105:Polymerization; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D059808:Polyphenols; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D008031:Lignin
keywords: Caffeic acid; Coumaric acid; Ferulic acid; Interferon-gamma; Lignin; Polymerized polyphenol