title: Impact of Bovine Herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) on Reproduction.
abstract: Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is increasingly considered as responsible for various reproductive troubles. This virus infects blood mononuclear cells and displays a specific tropism for vascular endothelia, mammary tissue, endometrium and foetal tissues. Viral multiplication can be reactivated by corticosteroids or stress, both factors present at calving. BoHV-4 has been isolated in a large variety of clinical cases, primarily metritis, vaginitis and mastitis, but also endometritis, abortion and orchitis. Its impact on reproductive performance has been suggested by several epidemiological studies: seroprevalence against BoHV-4 is higher in aborted females and in repeat breeders. Nevertheless, its intrinsic pathogenic power seems low, symptoms developing only when BoHV-4 cooperates with bacteria: within the uterus or mammary gland. BoHV-4 is rather currently considered as a cofactor for the development of an inflammatory reaction initiated by bacteria.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1125 IHAP Host Pathogen Interactions, Toulouse CEDEX 03, France; Department of Reproduction, INP-ENVT, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse CEDEX 03, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chastant-Maillard
mesh_terms: D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D004716:Endometritis / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D026021:Herpesvirus 4, Bovine / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D007246:Infertility / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
keywords: abortion; bull; cow; herpesvirus; inflammation; mastitis; metritis