title: Assessment of extracts of Helichrysum arenarium, Crataegus monogyna, Sambucus nigra in photoprotective UVA and UVB; photostability in cosmetic emulsions.
abstract: The aim of our study was to investigate the photoprotective activity and photostability efficacy of sunscreen formulations containing Helichrysum arenarium, Sambucus nigra, Crataegus monogyna extracts and their combination. UV transmission of the emulsion films was performed by using diffuse transmittance measurements coupling to an integrating sphere. In vitro photoprotection and photostability efficacy were evaluated according to the following parameters: sun protection factor (SPF), UVA protection factor (PF-UVA), UVA/UVB ratio and critical wavelength (λc) before and after UV irradiation. The results obtained show that the formulations containing polyphenols fulfill the official requirements for sunscreen products due to their broad spectrum of UV protection combined with their high photostability and remarkable antioxidant properties. Therefore H. arenarium, S. nigra, C. monogyna extracts represent useful additives for cosmetic formulation.
authors.affiliation: Organic and Pharmaceutical Technology Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jarzycka
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lewińska
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gancarz
authors.forename: Kazimiera A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wilk
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003358:Cosmetics; D027825:Crataegus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D036562:Helichrysum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D027924:Sambucus nigra / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D059405:Sun Protection Factor; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D004655:Emulsions; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013473:Sunscreening Agents
keywords: Crataegus monogyna; Helichrysum arenarium; Natural sunscreens; Photoprotective activity; Photostability efficacy; Sambucus nigra