title: Type 2 diabetes and cognitive compromise: potential roles of diabetes-related therapies.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes, like dementia, disproportionately affects the elderly. Diabetes has consistently been associated with risk of dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and cognitive decline suggesting that cognitive compromise is a deleterious manifestation of diabetes. This review summarizes observational studies and clinical trials of diabetes medications and their respective associations and effects on cognitive outcomes. Despite biological plausibility, results from most human clinical trials have failed to show any efficacy in treating Alzheimer disease symptomatology and pathology. Clinical trials targeting vascular-related outcomes, diabetic patients, or cognitively normal elderly at risk for dementia, may provide greater cognitive benefits.
authors.affiliation: The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.
authors.forename: Efrat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kravitz
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmeidler
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schnaider Beeri
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003704:Dementia / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
keywords: Alzheimer disease; Cognitive decline; Dementia; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Oral hypoglycemics; Type 2 diabetes