title: Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases expression in human dental pulp cells by all-trans retinoic acid.
abstract: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) inhibits matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in synovial fibroblasts, skin fibroblasts, bronchoalveolar lavage cells and cancer cells, but activates MMP-9 in neuroblast and leukemia cells. Very little is known regarding whether ATRA can activate or inhibit MMPs in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ATRA on the production and secretion of MMP-2 and -9 in HDPCs. The productions and messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of MMP-2 and -9 were accessed by gelatin zymography and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. ATRA was found to decrease MMP-2 level in a dose-dependent manner. Significant reduction in MMP-2 mRNA expression was also observed in HDPCs treated with 25 µmol⋅L(-1) ATRA. However, HDPCs treated with ATRA had no effect on the pattern of MMP-9 produced or secreted in either cell extracts or conditioned medium fractions. Taken together, ATRA had an inhibitory effect on MMP-2 expression in HDPCs, which suggests that ATRA could be a candidate as a medicament which could control the inflammation of pulp tissue in vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Man
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Duck
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Su Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyong-Kyu
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Cheol
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014212:Tretinoin; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9