title: Antibiotic resistance and serotype distribution of nasopharyngeal isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from children in Marrakech region (Morocco).
abstract: Monitoring of Streptococcus pneumoniae antibiotic resistance is of great importance due to the frequency of strains becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. In this study, we report the antibiotic susceptibility of the serotypes of S. pneumoniae strains isolated from healthy children aged 1-24 months in the Marrakech region of Morocco. Resistance to penicillin (38.7%) was frequently associated with resistance to other antibiotics. The highest rates of resistance were to cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) (49.3%), erythromycin (48.7%), tetracycline (37.3%), lincomycin (35.3%), chloramphenicol (32.7%) and ciprofloxacin (24%). Prisitinamycin and vancomycin were effective against all isolated pneumococcal strains (100% sensitive strains). Gentamycin demonstrated good efficacy on S. pneumoniae, with 98.7% of strains being sensitive. Multidrug resistance characterized 43.33% of all studied strains. Of the multidrug-resistant strains, 36.92% were resistant to erythromycin (E), tetracycline (T) and cotrimoxazole (Co: sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim) (phenotype ETCo, n = 24), and 20% had decreased susceptibility to beta-lactams, erythromycin and cotrimoxazole (phenotype PECo, n = 13). A total of 29.23% of S. pneumoniae strains exhibited combined resistance to four antibiotics (phenotype PETCo, n = 19). This study reports the status of resistance and multiresistance of S. pneumoniae strains in the Marrakech region of Morocco.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology-Virology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Cadi Ayyad, BP 7010 Sidi Abbad Marrakech, Morocco; Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Prince My Abdellah, BP 2390, 40000 Marrakech, Morocco. Electronic address: karimawarda@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Karima
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Warda
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oufdou
authors.forename: Kawtar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zahlane
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouskraoui
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009018:Morocco / Q000453:epidemiology; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Multiresistance; S. pneumoniae; Serogroup