title: The spinning dancer illusion and spontaneous brain fluctuations: an fMRI study.
abstract: The brain activation associated with the Spinning Dancer Illusion, a cognitive visual illusion, is not entirely known. Inferences from other study modalities point to the involvement of the dorso-parieto-occipital areas in the spontaneous switchings of perception in other bistable non-kinetic illusions. fMRI is a mature technique used to investigate the brain responses associated with mental changes. Resting-state fMRI is a novel technique that may help ascertain the effects of spontaneous brain changes in the top-down regulation of visual perception. The purpose of this report is to describe the brain activation associated with the subjective illusory changes of perception of a kinetic bistable stimulus. We hypothesize that there is a relationship between the perception phases with the very slow cortical spontaneous fluctuations, recently described. A single normal subject who was trained to produce voluntarily perception phase switches underwent a series of fMRI studies whose blocks were either defined post-hoc or accordingly with a predefined timeline to assess spontaneous and voluntarily evoked visual perception switches, respectively. Correlation of findings with resting-state fMRI and independent component analysis of the task series was sought. Phases of the rotation direction were found associated with right parietal activity. Independent component analysis of the task series and their comparison with basal resting-state components suggest that this activity is related to one of the very slow spontaneous brain fluctuations. The spontaneous fluctuations of the cortical activity may explain the subjective changes in perception of direction of the Spinning Dancer Illusion. This observation is a proof-of-principle, suggesting that the spontaneous brain oscillations may influence top-down sensory regulation.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami , FL , USA.
authors.forename: Byron
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bernal
authors.forename: Magno
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guillen
authors.forename: Juan Camilo
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Marquez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009903:Optical Illusions / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Bistable; Brain oscillations; Cognition; ICA; Independent component analysis; MRI; Resting state; Spinning dancer; Spinning silhouette; Top-down control; Visual illusion; fMRI