title: Dentate gyrus network dysfunctions precede the symptomatic phase in a genetic mouse model of seizures.
abstract: Neuronal circuit disturbances that lead to hyperexcitability in the cortico-hippocampal network are one of the landmarks of temporal lobe epilepsy. The dentate gyrus (DG) network plays an important role in regulating the excitability of the entire hippocampus by filtering and integrating information received via the perforant path. Here, we investigated possible epileptogenic abnormalities in the function of the DG neuronal network in the Synapsin II (Syn II) knockout mouse (Syn II(-/-)), a genetic mouse model of epilepsy. Syn II is a presynaptic protein whose deletion in mice reproducibly leads to generalized seizures starting at the age of 2 months. We made use of a high-resolution microelectrode array (4096 electrodes) and patch-clamp recordings, and found that in acute hippocampal slices of young pre-symptomatic (3-6 week-old) Syn II(-/-) mice excitatory synaptic output of the mossy fibers is reduced. Moreover, we showed that the main excitatory neurons present in the polymorphic layer of the DG, hilar mossy cells, display a reduced excitability. We also provide evidence of a predominantly inhibitory regulatory output from mossy cells to granule cells, through feed-forward inhibition, and show that the excitatory-inhibitory ratio is increased in both pre-symptomatic and symptomatic Syn II(-/-) mice. These results support the key role of the hilar mossy neurons in maintaining the normal excitability of the hippocampal network and show that the late epileptic phenotype of the Syn II(-/-) mice is preceded by neuronal circuitry dysfunctions. Our data provide new insights into the mechanisms of epileptogenesis in the Syn II(-/-) mice and open the possibility for early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genoa, Italy ; International Max-Planck Research School for Neurosciences Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Oana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Toader
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferrea
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raimondi
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baldelli
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benfenati
authors.forename: Lucian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Medrihan
keywords: dentate gyrus; epilepsy; excitatory inhibitory balance; mossy cells; synapsins