title: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in seven different marine bird species from Iceland.
abstract: Data on distribution, concentration and trends of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) is scarce in biota from the sub-Arctic region of the Atlantic. The present study is an investigation on PBDE and HBCD concentrations in eggs from seven marine bird species from Iceland, i.e. common eider (Somateria mollissima), arctic tern (Sterna paradisaea), guillemot (Uria aalge), fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis), lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus), great black-backed gull (Larus marinus) and great skua (Stercorarius skua). Concentrations of sum PBDEs ranged from 44 ng g(-1)fat in eider eggs to 2400 ng g(-1)fat in great skua eggs. The contribution of different PBDE congeners to the sum concentration differed between species. Concentration of HBCDs (sum of α-,β(-) and γ-HBCD) ranged from 1.3 ng g(-1)fat in arctic tern eggs to 41 ng g(-1)fat in great black-backed gull. PCA on PBDE and HBCD shows different trends between the two BFR groups, further indicating different sources/usage. Investigations on any potential health or population effects of environmental pollutants on the great skua are advised since both the PBDE and HBCD concentrations are high.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Matis Ltd., Icelandic Food and Biotech R&D, Vínlandsleið 12, 113 Reykjavík, Iceland. Electronic address: hronn.o.jorundsdottir@matis.is.
authors.forename: Hrönn
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jörundsdóttir
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Löfstrand
authors.forename: Jörundur
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Svavarsson
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bignert
authors.forename: Åke
authors.initials: Å
authors.lastname: Bergman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001110:Arctic Regions; D001717:Birds / Q000378:metabolism*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000378:metabolism; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000378:metabolism*; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000378:metabolism*; D007055:Iceland
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; C089796:hexabromocyclododecane
keywords: BFR; Brominated flame retardants; Eggs; GC; HBCDs; MS; Marine birds; PBDEs; PCBs; SIM; Sub-Arctic; Trophic level; brominated flame retardant; gas chromatograph; hexabromocyclododecanes; mass spectrometer; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polychlorinated biphenyls; selected ion monitoring