title: Numerical analysis of specific absorption rate in the human head due to a 13.56 MHz RFID-based intra-ocular pressure measurement system.
abstract: A modern wireless intra-ocular pressure monitoring system, based on 13.56 MHz inductively coupled data transmission, was dosimetrically analyzed with respect to the specific absorption rate (SAR) induced inside the head and the eye due to the electromagnetic field exposure caused by the reader antenna of the transmission system. The analysis was based on numerical finite difference time domain computations using a high resolution anatomical eye model integrated in a modern commercially available anatomical model of a male head. Three different reader antenna configurations, a 7-turn elliptic (30 mm × 50 mm) antenna at 12 mm distance from the eye, a flexible circular antenna (60 mm diameter, 8 turns on 2 mm substrate) directly attached to the skin, and a circular 7-turn antenna (30 mm diameter at 12 mm distance to the eye) were analyzed, respectively. Possible influences of the eye-lid status (closed or opened) and the transponder antenna contained in a contact lens directly attached to the eye were taken into account. The results clearly demonstrated that for typical reader antenna currents required for proper data transmission, the SAR values remain far below the limits for localized exposure of the head, as defined by the International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Particularly the induced SAR inside the eye was found to be substantially (orders of magnitudes for typical reader antenna currents in the order of 1 A turn) below values which have been reported to be critical with respect to thermally induced adverse health effects in eye tissues.
authors.affiliation: Seibersdorf Laboratories, EMC and Optics, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria.
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hirtl
authors.forename: Gernot
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmid
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D003199:Computer Systems; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004867:Equipment Design; D005143:Eyelids / Q000528:radiation effects; D006257:Head / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D014159:Transducers