title: Time- and dose-dependent gene expression in sea urchin embryos exposed to UVB.
abstract: The increase of UVB radiation reaching marine environment has harmful effects on living organisms. Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryos living in shallow water are exposed to radiations, providing a good model for studying the molecular mechanisms activated upon UV stress. Here, we report the modulated time- and dose-dependent expression of six genes, known to be involved in stress response, in embryos exposed at cleavage to 400 and 800 J/m(2) UVB, and collected at early (morula) and later (gastrula) stages. We analyzed their mRNA levels by QPCR and found that Pl-14-3-3 showed a dose-dependent induction, both early and late in development; Pl-c-jun was up-regulated proportionally to the UVB dose at early stages and only at 800 J/m(2) UVB at later stages; Pl-XPB-ERCC3, Pl-MT and Pl-NF-kB were highly up-regulated later in development at the high dose, with the exception of Pl-XPB-ERCC3 whose mRNA levels were high also at the lower dose; Pl-FOXO expression was not affected by UVB radiation. We believe that the identification of UVB-responsive genes in irradiated sea urchin embryos, reported for the first time in this study, will be helpful for the understanding of the involved molecular pathways. The correlation between the impaired morphogenesis, affecting endo-mesoderm differentiation, and gene modulations described herewith is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy. Electronic address: roberta.russo@ibim.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonaventura
authors.affiliation: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Matranga
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000528:radiation effects; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000528:radiation effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000235:genetics; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics; D047328:Paracentrotus / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects*; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; C072022:XPBC-ERCC-3 protein; D008668:Metallothionein; D004265:DNA Helicases
keywords: Development; Gene transcription; Signaling pathways; Stress