title: Granulomatous liver involvement in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is uncommon in young children and unusual in infancy. Although a variety of liver pathologies have been reported in SLE, presentation of this disease with granulomatous liver involvement is very rare. In this article, for the first time, we report an infant girl presenting with unexplained hepatosplenomegaly and non-necrotizing granulomatous liver involvement at the age of six months who later developed pancytopenia and proteinuria and was finally diagnosed with SLE at the age of three years. Therefore, we suggest that SLE could be considered as one of the possible differential diagnoses when infants or children present with unexplained granulomatous liver involvement.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Pediatrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Fallahzadeh
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fallahzadeh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mojtahedi
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Dehghani
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shorafa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Basiratnia
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Geramizadeh
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Fallahzadeh
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006099:Granuloma / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D006529:Hepatomegaly / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D013163:Splenomegaly / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013256:Steroids
keywords: Granuloma; infant; liver; lupus nephritis; proteinuria; systemic lupus erythematosus