title: Congenital and acquired disorders presenting as psychosis in children and young adults.
abstract: A review of the published literature found 60 congenital and acquired disorders with symptoms that include psychosis in youth. The prevalence, workup, genetics, and associated neuropsychiatric features of each disorder are described. Eighteen disorders (30%) have distinct phenotypes (doorway diagnoses); 18 disorders (30%) are associated with intellectual disability; and 43 disorders (72%) have prominent neurologic signs. Thirty-one disorders (52%) can present without such distinct characteristics, and are thus more easily overlooked. A systematic and cost-effective differential diagnostic approach based on estimated prevalence and most prominent associated signs is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. Electronic address: sheldon.benjamin@umassmed.edu.
authors.forename: Sheldon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.forename: Margo D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lauterbach
authors.forename: Aimee L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Stanislawski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D058027:Neuropsychiatry; D015995:Prevalence; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Congenital disorders; Differential diagnosis; Genetic disorders; Inherited disorders; Psychosis