title: Inflammatory response following heart surgery and association with n-3 and n-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma and red blood cell membrane lipids.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Open heart surgery is associated with a systemic inflammatory response. The n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and the n-6 LC-PUFA arachidonic acid (AA) may contribute to modulation of the inflammatory response.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether the preoperative levels of EPA, DHA and AA in plasma phospholipids (PL) and red blood cell (RBC) membrane lipids in patients (n=168) undergoing open heart surgery were associated with changes in the plasma concentration of selected inflammatory mediators in the immediate postoperative period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The postoperative concentration of TNF-β was lower (P<0.05) and those of hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 and IL-10 higher (P<0.05) than the respective preoperative concentrations. We observed that the preoperative levels of EPA and AA in plasma PL and RBC membrane lipids were associated with changes in the concentration of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, suggesting a complex role in the postoperative inflammatory process.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bjorgvinsdottir
authors.forename: O S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Indridason
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heidarsdottir
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Skogstrand
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Arnar
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Torfason
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hougaard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palsson
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Skuladottir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000517:prevention & control; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011184:Postoperative Period; D057234:Preoperative Period; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D010743:Phospholipids; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: Heart surgery; Inflammatory mediators; Inflammatory response; Postoperative period; Red blood cell membranes; n−3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids