title: Non-small cell lung cancer after surgery and chemoradiotherapy: follow-up and response assessment.
abstract: The imaging techniques in patients treated for lung cancer may be challenging to interpret. Radiologists are often asked to evaluate computed tomography (CT) scans after surgery, and this interpretation requires an understanding of both the timing and type of the surgical procedure. However, follow-up strategies are still not well defined. The assessment of tumor response to chemoradiotherapy relies on a tight integration of CT and clinical findings. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) with fluorodeoxyglucose may help to exclude tumor recurrence when the sole CT scan is equivocal. More efforts are needed to validate the tools for volumetric tumor measurement in routine practice and to demonstrate their superiority compared to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Familiarity with the assessment of lung cancer perfusion is also important because of the increasing use of cytostatic therapy. In this review, we outlined the imaging assessment of tumor recurrence after surgery and the role of CT, magnetic resonance imaging, and PET-CT in the follow-up after chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and radiofrequency ablation.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Surgical Sciences (D.C. e-mail: colombidavide@gmail.com, E.D.L., M.S., C.M., C.R., M.D.F., N.S.), Section of Diagnostic Imaging, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy; Clinical Department of Radiological Sciences (M.Z.), Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Nuclear Medicine (L.R.), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Colombi
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Di Lauro
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Carmelinda
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manna
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Filippo
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zompatori
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruffini
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sverzellati
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D003287:Contrast Media; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals