title: Bilateral congenital lacrimal fistula in Down syndrome.
abstract: Congenital lacrimal fistulae are rare in Down syndrome and bilateral presentation is very unusual. It can be associated with nasolacrimal duct obstruction. We report a 3-year-old female with Down syndrome who presented with watering and discharge from both eyes and bilateral fistulous openings present inferonasal to the medial canthus. Upon examination, the lacrimal sac regurgitation test was positive on both sides. Our case report documents a distinctive case of bilateral congenital lacrimal fistulae in association with Down syndrome. It was managed successfully by primary fistulectomy and nasolacrimal duct probing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Manpreet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005402:Fistula / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007766:Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Down Syndrome; Fistulectomy; Lacrimal Fistula; Nasolacrimal Duct