title: The nephrotic syndrome: pathogenesis and treatment of edema formation and secondary complications.
abstract: Nephrotic syndrome is an important clinical condition affecting both children and adults. Studies suggest that the pathogenesis of edema in individual patients may occur via widely variable mechanisms, i.e., intravascular volume underfilling versus overfilling. Managing edema should therefore be directed to the underlying pathophysiology. Nephrotic syndrome is also associated with clinically important complications related to urinary loss of proteins other than albumin. This educational review focuses on the pathophysiology and management of edema and secondary complications in patients with nephrotic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Colorado/University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box B328, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA, Melissa.Cadnapaphornchai@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cadnapaphornchai
authors.forename: Oleksandra
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tkachenko
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shchekochikhin
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Schrier
mesh_terms: D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics