title: Localization of ODAM, PCNA, and CK14 in regenerating junctional epithelium during orthodontic tooth movement in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the regenerating junctional epithelium (JE) during orthodontic tooth movement in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Closed-coil springs were used to create a 20 g mesial force to the maxillary first molars. On days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 after force application, histologic changes in JE were examined by immunohistochemistry using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM), and cytokeratin 14 (CK14).
  
  
  RESULTS
  On day 1, JE was destroyed and lost attachment to the tooth surface. Cell division activity was rarely observed in JE, and ODAM localization was weakly detected in damaged JE. By day 3, regenerating JE had not fully recovered. High cell proliferation activity and CK14 expression started to appear in most basal cells of JE. ODAM expression was reduced and appeared in a small area. By day 7, JE had almost recovered. Cell proliferation activity was still observed in several basal cells of JE, and ODAM expression was detected among JE cells. CK14 was hardly observed in JE except in the basal cells. By days 10 and 14, regenerated JE appeared. ODAM, PCNA, and CK14 expression was similar to that of the control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Damaged JE might recover rapidly during orthodontic tooth movement because basal cells of the remaining JE, which show higher proliferation activity, are involved in JE regeneration. Reduced ODAM expression during proliferation of JE cells may increase again after JE regeneration is complete. Therefore, ODAM may be associated with the normal function of JE.
authors.affiliation: a  Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Suk
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jue
authors.forename: Ji-Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Kyung-Dal
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Hee-Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Jae Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Je-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004846:Epithelial Attachment / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000737:chemistry; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology; D053547:Keratin-14 / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D053547:Keratin-14; C556789:ODAM protein, rat; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen