title: PPAR's and Diosgenin a chemico biological insight in NIDDM.
abstract: Diosgenin a steroidal saponin found widely in nature is reported to contain several biological activities in recent years. The present work elaborates the modulation of the lipid and antioxidant profile by Diosgenin in diabetic condition. Type 2 diabetes was induced in experimental animals by feeding high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks followed by streptozotocin (STZ) injection (sub-diabetogenic dose; 35 mg/kg body weight). Diosgenin administered orally at two doses (40 and 80 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days reduced hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia (p<0.001). Oxidative stress a crucial marker of diabetes and obesity associated complications was analyzed and noteworthy changes were observed. Improved levels of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and GPx and a minimized level of lipid peroxidation were also observed in Diosgenin treated rats. Further, analyzing the lipid accumulation by Oil Red O staining in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes confirmed its adipogenic activity which was influenced by PPAR γ and PPAR α. This was also substantiated through docking studies of Diosgenin with the PPARs. Altogether, Diosgenin a phytochemical of natural origin is found to mitigate diabetes induced oxidative stress and dyslipidemia which is crucial in cardio-metabolic risks by modulating the PPARs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Sangeetha
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: ShriShri Mal
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Atmaja
authors.forename: Veeresh Kumar
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Sali
authors.forename: Hannah R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Vasanthi
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004144:Diosgenin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D004144:Diosgenin
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; High fat diet; Oxidative stress; Streptozotocin