title: D-Amino acid oxidase and presence of D-proline in Xenopus laevis.
abstract: We purified D-amino acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3.3, DAO) from Xenopus laevis tadpoles. The optimal temperature and pH for enzyme activity were 35-40 °C and 8.3-9.0, respectively, depending on the substrate amino acids available to the enzyme; the highest activity was observed with D-proline followed by D-phenylalanine. Activity was significantly inhibited by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate, but only moderately by p-chloromercuribenzoate or benzoate. Enzyme activity was increased until the final tadpole stage, but was reduced to one-third in the adult and was localized primarily in the kidney. The tadpoles contained high concentrations of D-proline close to the final developmental stage and nearly no D-amino acids were detected in the adult frog, indicating that D-amino acid oxidase functions in metamorphosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-Ward, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soma
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Furuya
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Kazumitsu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirasu
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanigawa
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagata
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids; D000818:Animals; D003605:D-Amino-Acid Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D006902:Hydroxymercuribenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D007814:Larva / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008675:Metamorphosis, Biological; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011392:Proline / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D006902:Hydroxymercuribenzoates; C030601:4-hydroxymercuribenzoate; D010649:Phenylalanine; D011392:Proline; D003605:D-Amino-Acid Oxidase
keywords: Metamorphosis; Primary structure; Xenopus laevis; d-Amino acid oxidase; d-Proline