title: Protective effect of Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp., on acute and chronic inflammation in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous extracts and its aqueous, n-butanol, ethyl-acetate, and chloroform fractions of Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp. leaves.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this present study, all the test samples were evaluated on in-vivo inflammatory model such as carrageenan and histamine-induced acute-inflammation and cotton pellet induced granuloma formation in albino male rats. Test samples were also employed in in-vitro assays like DPPH free radical scavenging activity and COX inhibition assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The test samples at the dose of 200mg/kg/p.o. were found to cause significant inhibition of carrageenan and histamine-induced inflammation and cotton pallet-induced granuloma formation on acute and chronic inflammation in rats. The test samples, except n-butanol fraction, exhibited inhibitory effect for both COX-1 and COX-2, in in-vitro assay but their percentage of inhibition values differs from each other. The test samples (aqueous extracts, aqueous, n-butanol, ethyl-acetate, and chloroform fractions) at 100 μg concentration exhibits 54.37%, 33.88%, 62.85%, 56.28%, and 57.48% DPPH radical-scavenging effect respectively in in-vitro antioxidant study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations established the anti-inflammatory effect of C. colebrookianum leaves in acute and chronic stages of inflammation by free radical scavenging and inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Laboratory, Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India.
authors.forename: Lokesh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deb
authors.forename: Amitabha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sakthivel
authors.forename: Subrat Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bhattamishra
authors.forename: Amitsankar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dutta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002351:Carrageenan; D032409:Clerodendrum; D032561:Cotton Fiber; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D006099:Granuloma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006632:Histamine; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D006632:Histamine; D002351:Carrageenan; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496513:Ptgs1 protein, rat; C489691:Ptgs2 protein, rat
keywords: Antioxidant; COX-1 and COX-2; Carrageenan; Clerodendrum colebrookianum; Histamine; Inflammation