title: Treat-to-target comparison between once daily biphasic insulin aspart 30 and insulin glargine in Chinese and Japanese insulin-naïve subjects with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether once daily biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30) is noninferior to once daily insulin glargine (IGlar) among Chinese and Japanese insulin-naïve subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a 24 week treat-to-target trial (NCT01123980) that included patients with T2DM who were poorly controlled on a combination of metformin and insulin secretagogue (or with a maximum of one more OAD) for 6 months. Patients were randomized to once daily BIAsp 30 or once daily IGlar and their secretagogue standardized to glimepiride 4 mg/day, metformin to 1500 or 2500 mg/day before randomization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At Week 24, mean change from baseline in HbA1c was -0.78 ± 0.88% (mean ± SD) and -0.65 ± 0.92% (-8.49 ± 9.65 and -7.08 ± 10.1 mmol/mol) for the BIAsp 30 (n = 261) and IGlar (n = 260) groups, respectively. The estimated between-group difference (BIAsp 30 vs IGlar) in HbA1c change was -0.12% (95% CI: -0.25, 0.02) (-1.28 mmol/mol [95% CI: -2.75, 0.19]), thus treatment with BIAsp 30 was noninferior to IGlar with respect to HbA1c (non-inferiority margin 0.4%). Although reduction in mean 9-point self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) profile was comparable between the two groups, BIAsp 30 showed significantly lower PG levels at three time points post-dinner and a higher PG level before dinner compared to the IGlar group (all p < 0.05). Comparable number of subjects reported hypoglycemic events (155 [59.4%] for BIAsp 30, 148 [56.9%] for IGlar).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BIAsp 30 once daily showed similar HbA1c reduction and a similar safety profile to IGlar when used in insulin-naïve Chinese and Japanese patients on metformin and a sulfonylurea. Moreover, it provided a better coverage of post-dinner glycemic control needs than those who received IGlar. The open-label design and insufficient insulin dose titration were the main limitations of the study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Wenying
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiangjin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gangyi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seino
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jinnouchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D061267:Insulin Aspart / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D061267:Insulin Aspart; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human