title: Hexabromocyclododecanes in limnic and marine organisms and terrestrial plants from Tianjin, China: diastereomer- and enantiomer-specific profiles, biomagnification, and human exposure.
abstract: To interpret the distribution of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in various organisms, we measured the concentrations and diastereomer and enantiomer profiles of HBCDs in 21 different species of limnic and marine cohorts from Tianjin, China. The concentration ranges of HBCDs in limnic and marine organisms were 64.3-1111 ng g(-1) lw and 85.5-989 ng g(-1) lw, respectively. Living habitat and feeding habits had important impacts on HBCD diastereomer distribution. Most of the species appeared to preferentially select (+)-α-, (-)-β- and (-)-γ-HBCD. There is a tendency that the total and α-HBCDs were magnified as trophic level increased with trophic magnification factors (TMFs) around 2. The concentrations of HBCDs in the limnic and marine fishes were highest in the liver, followed by the gill, skin, and muscle. In terrestrial plants, the highest concentrations of HBCDs were observed in the leaf, followed by the root and the rhizosphere soil. Plants showed enantioselectivity for HBCD enantiomers, which varied with plant species and organs (leaf vs. root) of the same plant. Higher estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of HBCDs were observed from fish than from wheat.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Yanwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hongwen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Xuebo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Yuefei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Lijie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhiwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000378:metabolism*; D002681:China; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000378:metabolism; D020387:Food Chain; D006801:Humans; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005411:Flame Retardants; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C089796:hexabromocyclododecane
keywords: Biomagnification; Diastereomer and enantiomer selectivity; Estimated daily intakes; HBCDs; Tissue distribution