title: A strategy for monitoring and managing declines in an amphibian community.
abstract: Although many taxa have declined globally, conservation actions are inherently local. Ecosystems degrade even in protected areas, and maintaining natural systems in a desired condition may require active management. Implementing management decisions under uncertainty requires a logical and transparent process to identify objectives, develop management actions, formulate system models to link actions with objectives, monitor to reduce uncertainty and identify system state (i.e., resource condition), and determine an optimal management strategy. We applied one such structured decision-making approach that incorporates these critical elements to inform management of amphibian populations in a protected area managed by the U.S. National Park Service. Climate change is expected to affect amphibian occupancy of wetlands and to increase uncertainty in management decision making. We used the tools of structured decision making to identify short-term management solutions that incorporate our current understanding of the effect of climate change on amphibians, emphasizing how management can be undertaken even with incomplete information. Estrategia para Monitorear y Manejar Disminuciones en una Comunidad de Anfibios.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Geological Survey, Silvio O. Conte Anadromous Fish Laboratory, 1 Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA, U.S.A.. ehgrant@usgs.gov.
authors.forename: Evan H Campbell
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Elise F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Zipkin
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: J Patrick
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D000663:Amphibians / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D057231:Climate Change; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D003657:Decision Making; D004219:District of Columbia; D011156:Population Density; D011157:Population Dynamics; D035501:Uncertainty; D053833:Wetlands
keywords: cambio climático; climate change; incertidumbre; management; manejo; monitoreo; monitoring; structured decision making; toma estructurada de decisiones; uncertainty