title: Gingival crevicular fluid and serum levels of APRIL, BAFF and TNF-alpha in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis patients with periodontal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was performed to evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum levels of a proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) and B cell activating factor (BAFF) and compare this to differences between TNF-alpha levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis (OPR) and systemically healthy women with periodontal disease (SH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum samples were obtained before any periodontal intervention from 17 RA, 19 OPR patients and 13 SH women with periodontitis. Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were recorded. APRIL, BAFF and TNF-α levels were determined by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate analysis, ANOVA and Spearman correlation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pocket depths differed in site-specific comparisons, but otherwise clinical measurements were similar in the three study groups. Multivariate least squares regression ANOVA adjusted for age and for plaque index indicated that total amounts of TNF-α and concentrations of TNF-α, BAFF and APRIL were significantly greater in the RA patients than in the SH group (p<0.05), and GCF concentrations of BAFF were greater in OPR patients than in SH. Serum TNF-α and BAFF were significantly higher in the RA group compared to SH (p<0.05) and serum TNF-α was greater in RA than in OPR (p<0.05). APRIL and BAFF correlated with RANKL levels in GCF and serum (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite long-term usage of anti-inflammatory drugs in the RA and OPR patients, increased TNF-family cytokines, might suggest that these patients have a propensity to overproduce these inflammatory mediators but whether this results from greater disease activity or contribute to greater disease activity remains moot.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gümüş
authors.forename: Eralp
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buduneli
authors.forename: Başak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Biyikoğlu
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aksu
authors.forename: Fulden
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saraç
authors.forename: Nurcan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buduneli
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Lappin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D053300:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor; C505719:TNFSF13B protein, human; D053300:Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Gingival crevicular fluid; Osteoporosis; Periodontal disease; Rheumatoid arthritis; TNF-family cytokines serum