title: Fungal degradation of an acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor pyrazosulfuron-ethyl in soil.
abstract: Owing to reported phytotoxicity of some sulfonylurea class of herbicides in number of sensitive crops and higher persistence in soil, present study was conducted to isolate and identify pyrazosulfuron-ethyl degrading fungi from soil of rice field. Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger, were isolated and identified from rhizospere soil of rice field, as potent pyrazosulfuron-ethyl degrading fungi. Degradation of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl by P. chrysogenum and A. niger, yielded transformation products/metabolites which were identified and characterized by LC/MS/MS. The rate of dissipation of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl was found higher in soil of rice field and soil inoculated with P. chrysogenum. This showed important route of degradation of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl by microbes apart from chemical degradation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Directorate of Weed Science Research, Adhartal, Jabalpur, MP, India. Electronic address: shobhasondia@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Shobha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sondhia
authors.forename: Uzma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Waseem
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Varma
mesh_terms: D000095:Acetolactate Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010408:Penicillium chrysogenum / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011743:Pyrimidines; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C433343:ethyl 5-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl)-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxylate; D000095:Acetolactate Synthase
keywords: Aspergillus niger; Degradation; Dissipation; Herbicide; Penicillium chrysogenum; Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl