title: Investigation of disinfectants for foot-and-mouth disease in the Republic of Korea.
abstract: Disinfectants for foot-and-mouth disease were sprayed on livestock barns and roads from early February to May 2011. Although 90% of the disinfectant was concentrated on the roads, 10% was sprayed on cattle sheds and other sites where foot-and-mouth disease occurred. Since the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in November 2010, there has been a steady increase in disinfectant use. Consequently, its adverse environmental effects have prompted government officials to take preventive measures. The major chemical components of the disinfectants are citric acid, potassium sulfate base complex, quaternary ammonium compound, malic acid, and glutaraldehyde, ranging in amounts from tons to hundreds of tons. The exact amount of each component of the disinfectants could not be identified because the types of components used in the different commercial formulations overlapped. In this review, we obtained information on disinfectants that are widely used nationwide, including the types of major chemical components and their respective toxicities (both human and ecological).
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hmikim@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Hyun-Mi
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Il-Seob
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Yong-Wook
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Pil-Je
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyunghee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants
keywords: Acute toxicity; Aquatic toxicity; Disinfectant; Foot-and-mouth disease