title: Adult olfactory sphere cells are a source of oligodendrocyte and Schwann cell progenitors.
abstract: The olfactory epithelial layer contains multipotent horizontal basal cells (HBCs) that differentiate into olfactory sensory neurons. Here, we show that rat HBCs express oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) and astrocyte markers. We generated olfactory sphere (OS) cells in cultures that were derived from adult rat olfactory mucosa. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting and immunofluorescence analyses showed that OS cells also express OPC and astrocyte markers. Interestingly, OS cells underwent oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro. To study oligodendrocyte differentiation in vivo, OS cells were transplanted into injured rat spinal cords. The transplanted cells integrated into host tissue and differentiated into oligodendrocytes. When transected saphenous nerve ends were encased in collagen-containing silicone tubes with or without OS cells, the transplanted OS cells differentiated into Schwann cells. Our data provide new insights into of the stemness of OS cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: ohnishi@nsurg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yu-ichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwatsuki
authors.forename: Koei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinzawa
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moriwaki
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umegaki
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kishima
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D008297:Male; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000637:transplantation; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000601:surgery; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: CNS; EGFP; FACS; HBCs; MACS; OPC; OS; SCI; central nervous system; enhanced green fluorescent protein; fluorescence-activated cell sorting; horizontal basal cells; magnetic activated cell sorting; olfactory sphere; oligodendrocyte progenitor cell; spinal cord injury