title: Gemtuzumab ozogamicin can reduce minimal residual disease in patients with childhood acute myeloid leukemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is an active agent for the treatment of CD33-postive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and may improve the outcome of specific patient subgroups when combined with conventional chemotherapy. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the effects of GO on levels of minimal residual disease (MRD) are unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pediatric patients with AML who received GO, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy on the AML02 multicenter trial, were analyzed to determine the effects of GO on MRD and outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 17 patients who received GO alone because of persistent leukemia, 14 had a reduction in their MRD level and 13 became MRD negative. Of the 29 who received chemotherapy in combination with GO after responding poorly to chemotherapy, 28 demonstrated reduced MRD and 13 became MRD negative. Treatment with GO effectively reduced MRD before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and was not found to be associated with increased treatment-related mortality after transplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GO is effective in reducing MRD levels in pediatric patients with AML and may improve the outcome of those patients at high risk of disease recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Hear
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inaba
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pounds
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dahl
authors.forename: W Paul
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.forename: Jeffrey W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Taub
authors.forename: Ching-Hon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Pui
authors.forename: Raul C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coustan-Smith
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Campana
authors.forename: Jeffrey E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Rubnitz
mesh_terms: D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D000079982:Gemtuzumab; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D003561:Cytarabine; D005047:Etoposide; D000079982:Gemtuzumab; D003630:Daunorubicin
keywords: acute myeloid leukemia; gemtuzumab ozogamicin; minimal residual disease; treatment-related mortality