title: Lack of mutagenic effect by multi-walled functionalized carbon nanotubes in the somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are formed by rolling up a single graphite sheet into a tube. Among the different types of CNTs, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) comprise a set of concentric nanotubes with perfect structures. Several uses for MWCNTs have been suggested to be included in biological applications such as manufacturing of biosensors, carriers of drugs. However, before these materials can be put on the market, it is necessary to know their genotoxic effects. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the mutagenicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) functionalized in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster, using the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART). This assay detects the loss of heterozygosity of marker genes expressed phenotypically on the wings of the fly. Larvae of three days were used, resulting from ST cross, with basal levels of the cytochrome P450 and larvae of high metabolic bioactivity capacity (HB cross). They were treated with different concentrations of MWCNTs functionalized. The MH descendants, analyzed in both ST and HB crosses, had no significant effects on the frequency of mutant. Based on the results and on the experimental conditions mentioned in this study, it was concluded that MWCNTs were not mutagenic in D. melanogaster.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Bloco 2E, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas, Laboratório de Citogenética e Mutagênese, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Saturnino
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Fagan
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Nepomuceno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D009154:Mutation; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D015996:Survival Rate; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon
keywords: BH; CNTs; Carbon nanotubes; DWCNTs; DXR; Drosophila melanogaster; HB; MH; MWCNT; Mutagenic; SMART; ST; SWCNTs; balanced heterozygote descendants; carbon nanotubes; double walled carbon nanotubes; doxorubicin; high bioactivation cross; marked trans heterozygous descendants; multi-walled carbon nanotubes; single walled carbon nanotubes; somatic mutation and recombination test; standard cross