title: [Refractory celiac disease].
abstract: Refractory celiac disease is characterized by the persistence or recurrence of symptoms connected with enteropathy, presence of specific antibodies in the serum: EMA, tTG2 and DPG, and (or) intestinal villous atrophy despite strict adherence to gluten-free diet for 6 to 12 months. Correct initial diagnosis of celiac disease, exclusion of other causes of the lack of response to gluten-free diet and persistence of villous atrophy are necessary conditions of diagnosis of refractory celiac disease. Options of the treatment, depending on the patient condition are: gluten-free diet, elementary diet, parenteral nutrition, immunosuppression and biological therapy.
authors.affiliation: Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastów Slaskich we Wrocławiu, II Katedra i Klinika Pediatrii, Gastroenterologii i Zywienia.
authors.forename: Franciszek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Iwańczak
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Iwańczak
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D006801:Humans; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies