title: Point-surveillance of antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from patients in a Lagos Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was carried out to determine a point prevalence of drug resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) among members of the family Enterobacteriaceae.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive clinically significant non-repetitive isolates obtained from both hospitalized patients and outpatients' samples were studied. The isolates were identified using VITEK 2 while susceptibility testing was performed against 16 antibiotics using the E-test strips. Phenotypic production of ESBL was detected by E-test ESBL method. Positive isolates were confirmed by PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of a total of 102 isolates studied, 43 (42.2%) were Escherichia coli and 32 (31.4%) Klebsiella pneumoniae. These isolates demonstrated remarkable high rates of resistance to the β-lactam antibiotics, except the carbapenems and piperacillin-tazobactam. Fifty-two (51%) were resistant to ≥ 3 classes of drugs and 29 (28.4%) to ≥ 5 drugs. Thirty-eight (37.3%) were ESBL producers. Of these, 21 (55.3%) were E. coli and 12 (31.6%) K. pneumoniae. Thus, the overall prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli was 20.6% and K. pneumoniae 11.8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed an alarmingly high prevalence of antibiotic resistance in invasive Enterobacteriaceae isolates and a high prevalence of ESBL producers in the study center. Antibiotic stewardship and other preventive strategies are recommended to reduce the high rate of resistant bacteria in this hospital.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Lagos State University College of Medicine/Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria; BT Health Diagnostic Center, LASUTH, Ikeja, Nigeria. Electronic address: adeola68@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Muhabat Adeola
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Raji
authors.forename: Wafaa
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jamal
authors.forename: Omoh
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ojemhen
authors.forename: Vincent O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Rotimi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Antibiotic resistance; ESBL; Enterobacteriaceae; Lagos; Nigeria