title: Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of Euphorbia hirta in MCF-7 cell line model using comet assay.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity activity of Euphorbia hirta (E. hirta) in MCF-7 cell line model using comet assay.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cytotoxicity of E. hirta extract was investigated by employing brine shrimp lethality assay and the genotoxicity of E. hirta was assessed by using Comet assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both toxicity tests exhibited significant toxicity result. In the comet assay, the E. hirta extract exhibited genotoxicity effects against MCF-7 DNA in a time-dependent manner by increasing mean percentage of DNA damage. The extract of E. hirta showed significant toxicity against brine shrimp with an LC₅₀ value of 620.382 µg/mL (24 h). Comparison with positive control potassium dichromate signifies that cytotoxicity exhibited by the methanol extract might have moderate activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present work confirmed the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of E. hirta. However, the observed toxicity of E. hirta extracts needs to be confirmed in additional studies.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), University Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kwan Yuet
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Darah
authors.forename: Yeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sreenivasan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasidharan
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Cell Line Model; Cytotoxicity; Euphorbia hirta; Genotoxicity