title: Sense of coherence, health problems, and presenteeism in Japanese university students.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sense of coherence (SOC) is thought to be a major determinant in maintaining health. SOC gained attention recently in the fields of psychiatry after it was reported to be associated with a lowered risk of various health problems. However, the effect of SOC as a buffer against performance impairment caused by health problems is not well known. Thus, we aimed to examine the relationships among health problem, the degree of presenteeism (performance loss due to health problems), and SOC in adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 2824 university students (1855 males, mean age; 18.35±0.84 years). SOC and self-reported health problems were assessed using an SOC scale (29 items) and the presenteeism scale for students, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SOC scores differed between students with and without health problems (t(2822)=5.75, P<0.001). The effect size (Cohen's d) was 0.22 for this difference. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, male gender (odds ratio [OR]=0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.53-0.73), moderate SOC (within ±1 SD; OR=0.59; 95% CI=0.47-0.72), and high SOC (>1 SD; OR=0.43; 95% CI=0.33-0.58) were independently associated with a lower frequently of health problems. In addition, SOC showed a significant inverse correlation with presenteeism (r=-0.27, P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that application of the concept of SOC might aid in the prevention of health problems among university students. Students with a strong SOC might be less prone to a decline in performance when health problems arise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Osaka University Health Care Center, Toyonaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.forename: Masateru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Nakamori
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suganuma
authors.forename: Asuka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ichimi
authors.forename: Hirokage
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ushijima
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugita
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D004526:Efficiency / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D060685:Sense of Coherence / Q000502:physiology*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D014495:Universities
keywords: Adolescence; Adolescent health; HCL; PSS; Presenteeism scale for students; SOC; Sense of coherence (SOC); WIS; health condition list; presenteeism scale for students; sense of coherence; work impairment score