title: Endophytic fungi: resource for gibberellins and crop abiotic stress resistance.
abstract: The beneficial effects of endophytes on plant growth are important for agricultural ecosystems because they reduce the need for fertilizers and decrease soil and water pollution while compensating for environmental perturbations. Endophytic fungi are a novel source of bioactive secondary metabolites; moreover, recently they have been found to produce physiologically active gibberellins as well. The symbiosis of gibberellins producing endophytic fungi with crops can be a promising strategy to overcome the adverse effects of abiotic stresses. The association of such endophytes has not only increased plant biomass but also ameliorated plant-growth during extreme environmental conditions. Endophytic fungi represent a trove of unexplored biodiversity and a frequently overlooked component of crop ecology. The present review describes the role of gibberellins producing endophytic fungi, suggests putative mechanisms involved in plant endophyte stress interactions and discusses future prospects in this field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science & Chemistry, College of Art and Science, University of Nizwa , Sultanate of Oman , and.
authors.forename: Abdul Latif
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Javid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Harrasi
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Rawahi
authors.forename: In-Jung
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D060026:Endophytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D005875:Gibberellins
keywords: Abiotic stresses; crop growth and physiology; endophytic fungi; gibberellins