title: Sleeping and resting respiratory rates in dogs with subclinical heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize sleeping respiratory rates (SRRs) and resting respiratory rates (RRRs), collected in the home environment, of dogs with subclinical heart disease that could result in left-sided congestive heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  190 adult dogs with subclinical left-sided heart disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Most dogs had mitral valve disease or dilated cardiomyopathy of various severities. Clients collected ten 1-minute SRRs or RRRs during a period ranging from 1 week to 6 months. Clinicians provided echocardiographic and medical data on each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The within-dog mean SRR (SRRmean; 16 breaths/min) was significantly lower than the within-dog mean RRR (RRRmean; 21 breaths/min). Seven dogs had SRRmean and 33 dogs had RRRmean > 25 breaths/min; 1 dog had SRRmean and 12 dogs had RRRmean > 30 breaths/min; these dogs mostly had a left atrial (LA)-to-aortic ratio > 1.8. Dogs with moderate LA enlargement had a significantly higher SRRmean than did other dogs. However, median SRRmean for each of 4 levels of LA enlargement was < 20 breaths/min; median RRRmean for each of 4 levels of LA enlargement was < 25 breaths/min. Both within-dog SRR and RRR remained stable for 10 consecutive measurements. Treatment with cardiac medications or presence of pulmonary hypertension was not associated with SRRmean or RRRmean.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggested that dogs with confirmed subclinical left-sided heart disease of various severities generally had SRRmean < 25 breaths/min, which was infrequently exceeded at any time, and that SRR and RRR remained stable, regardless of individual within-dog SRRmean or RRRmean.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, The Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Dan G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Ohad
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rishniw
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ljungvall
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Porciello
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Häggström
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents