title: Risk assessment on anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer surgery: an analysis of 753 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the risk factors for anastomotic leakage (AL) after anterior resection for rectal cancer with a double stapling technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2004 and December 2011, 753 consecutive patients in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Research Institute diagnosed with rectal cancer and undergoing anterior resection with a double stapling technique were recruited. All patients experienced a total mesorectal excision (TME) operation. Additionally, decrease of postoperative tumor supplied group of factors (TSGF), which have not been reported before, was proposed as a new indicator for AL. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine risk factors for AL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AL was detected in 57 (7.6%) of 753 patients with rectal cancer. The diagnosis of anastomotic leakage was confirmed between the 6th and 12th postoperative day (POD; mean 8th POD). After univariate analysis and multivariate analysis, age (p<0.001), gender (p=0.002), level of anastomosis (p <0.001), preoperative body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.001) and reduction of TSGF in 5th POD was less than 10 μ/ml (p <0.001) were selected as 5 independent risk factors for AL. It was also indicated that a temporary defunctioning transverse ileostomy (p = 0.04) would decrease the occurrence of AL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AL after anterior resection for rectal carcinoma is related to elderly status, low level site of the tumor (below the peritoneal reflection), being male, preoperative BMI and the decrease of TSGF in 5th POD is less than 10 m/ml. Preventive ileostomy is advisable after TME for low rectal tumors to prevent AL.
authors.affiliation: Colorectal Cancer Center, the Affiliated Jiangsu Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China. huangxinen06@aliyun.com
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xin-En
authors.initials: XE
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jian-Nong
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D057868:Anastomotic Leak / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors