title: Where does the border lie: locally grown plants used for making tea for recreation and/or healing, 1970s-1990s Estonia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traditional use of local wild and cultivated plants for making recreational tea in Estonia often borders with the medicinal use of the same plants.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this paper is to map the perceptions of plants used for making tea and to define the domains of recreational and medicinal teas in specific cultural settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between November 2011 and March 2012 the authors distributed electronic questionnaires on the use of wild food plants in childhood. The questionnaire was answered by 250 respondents. 178 of them reported the use of plants for making recreational teas. The responses were analysed according to the taxonomy of the used plants, the most frequently used taxa and families were detected, the influence of respondents' demographic data on the number of use reports was assessed and the overlapping of medicinal and recreational uses was discussed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study detected 69 vascular plant species, ten vascular taxa identified on the genera level only, and one lichen. The most popular families were Rosaceae, Asteraceae and Lamiacea, and 12 taxa were used by at least 10% of the respondents, while only one of them (Tilia) was used by more than 50% and one (Rubus idaeus) by over 33% of the respondents. The next ten most used taxa were: Rosa, Mentha, Primula veris, Matricaria, Achillea millefolium, Hypericum, Carum carvi, Urtica dioica, Thymus serpyllum and Fragaria. Of the 30 most used consolidated taxa mentioned in five or more use records, only four were used exclusively in one domain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of the used plants were situated on the recreational-medicinal continuum, which could be divided into two domains: recreational, medicinal and the "grey" area that lies around the borderline. The predominance of the cold and cold-related diseases on the spectrum treated by plants used for making recreational tea reflects the climatic conditions of the region and suggests that they are the most commonly self-treated diseases in the region, seen from the child's perspective.
authors.affiliation: Estonian Literary Museum, Vanemuise 42, Tartu 51003, Estonia. Electronic address: renata@folklore.ee.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sõukand
authors.forename: Raivo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kalle
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages; D004957:Estonia; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019684:Magnoliopsida; D008297:Male; D028321:Plant Preparations; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations
keywords: Folk nutraceuticals; Food culture; Herbal landscape; Medicinal tea; Recreational tea