title: Chitinases biosynthesis by immobilized Aeromonas hydrophila SBK1 by prawn shells valorization and application of enzyme cocktail for fungal protoplast preparation.
abstract: Production and optimization of β-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and chitinase by Ca-alginate immobilized Aeromonas hydrophila SBK1 was carried out using prawn shell as cost-effective substrate. Beads prepared with 5.0% Na-alginate (containing 2.0% colloidal chitin) and 1.0 M CaCl2 showed considerable beads integrity and supported maximum production of chitinolytic enzymes. Bead diameter, 3 mm; temperature, 35°C; pH 7.0; agitation, 90 rpm were found ideal for the maximum production of the enzymes. The fermentation and thermodynamic indices revealed the feasibility of immobilized cells over free cells for enzymes production. Reasonable amount of chitosaccharides (degree of polymerization; 1-6) accumulated in the production media which have paramount antioxidant activity. Scale up experiment was successfully carried out in 5 L fermentor. In immobilized state, the chitosaccharides yield and antioxidant activity increased about 44.76% and 22.22%, whereas specific productivity of β-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and chitinase increased by 22.86% and 33.37% over free state. The cell entrapped beads can be reused upto ten cycles without marked loss of its biocatalytic efficiency. High level of protoplast of Aspergillus niger was generated by treating mycelia with 10 U/ml of crude chitinase after 4 h at pH 7.0 and in the temperature 35-40°C, and 67% of the protoplasts were found to be regenerated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, West Bengal 721102, India.
authors.forename: Suman Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Halder
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, West Bengal 721102, India.
authors.forename: Chiranjit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maity
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, West Bengal 721102, India.
authors.forename: Arijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jana
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, West Bengal 721102, India.
authors.forename: Kuntal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, West Bengal 721102, India.
authors.forename: Arpan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, West Bengal 721102, India.
authors.forename: Tanmay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, West Bengal 721102, India.
authors.forename: Pradeep Kumar Das
authors.initials: PKD
authors.lastname: Mohapatra
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, West Bengal 721102, India.
authors.forename: Bikas Ranjan
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Pati
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, West Bengal 721102, India. Electronic address: sumanmic85@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Keshab Chandra
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Mondal
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000378:metabolism*; D000464:Alginates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D060105:Animal Shells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000166:cytology*; D019149:Bioreactors; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D018914:Cells, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism; D002686:Chitin / Q000378:metabolism; D002688:Chitinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D010316:Particle Size; D033561:Penaeidae; D011523:Protoplasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D002686:Chitin; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D002688:Chitinases; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase; D002122:Calcium Chloride
keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila SBK1; Ca-alginate immobilization; Chitinases; Chitosaccharides; Fermentation kinetics; Protoplast