title: Sex-specific trends in under-five mortality in rural Ballabgarh.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess sex-specific differentials in child survival from 1992-2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data from the electronic database of Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) site in Ballabgarh in North India.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sex ratio at birth was adverse for girls throughout the study period (821 to 866 girls per 1,000 boys) and was lowest in the period 2004-2006 at 821 girls per 1,000 boys. Overall, under-five mortality rates during the period 1992-2011 remained stagnant due to increasing neonatal mortality rate (9.2 to 27.7 P< 0.001). Mortality rates among girls were consistently and significantly higher than boys during the post-neonatal period (160% to 200% higher) as well as in childhood(160% to 230% higher).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strategies to address the neonatal mortality and gender differences are required for further reductions in child mortality in India.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; *Umea Centre for Global Health Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Sweden and #Department of Community Health, St. Stephens Hospital, Delhi, India. Correspondence to: Dr Anand Krishnan, Additional Professor, Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India. kanandiyer@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Nawi
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Byass
authors.forename: Chandrakant S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pandav
authors.forename: Suresh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kapoor
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D046688:Child Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012744:Sex Ratio