title: Breast cancer stem cells.
abstract: Cancer metastasis, resistance to therapies and disease recurrence are significant hurdles to successful treatment of breast cancer. Identifying mechanisms by which cancer spreads, survives treatment regimes and regenerates more aggressive tumors are critical to improving patient survival. Substantial evidence gathered over the last 10 years suggests that breast cancer progression and recurrence is supported by cancer stem cells (CSCs). Understanding how CSCs form and how they contribute to the pathology of breast cancer will greatly aid the pursuit of novel therapies targeted at eliminating these cells. This review will summarize what is currently known about the origins of breast CSCs, their role in disease progression and ways in which they may be targeted therapeutically.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Naylor
keywords: breast cancer; cancer stems cells; cell fate; mammary gland; transcription factors