title: Different clinical electrodes achieve similar electrical nerve conduction block.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aim to evaluate the suitability of four electrodes previously used in clinical experiments for peripheral nerve electrical block applications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated peripheral nerve electrical block using three such clinical nerve cuff electrodes (the Huntington helix, the Case self-sizing Spiral and the flat interface nerve electrode) and one clinical intramuscular electrode (the Memberg electrode) in five cats. Amplitude thresholds for the block using 12 or 25 kHz voltage-controlled stimulation, onset response, and stimulation thresholds before and after block testing were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete nerve block was achieved reliably and the onset response to blocking stimulation was similar for all electrodes. Amplitude thresholds for the block were lowest for the Case Spiral electrode (4 ± 1 Vpp) and lower for the nerve cuff electrodes (7 ± 3 Vpp) than for the intramuscular electrode (26 ± 10 Vpp). A minor elevation in stimulation threshold and reduction in stimulus-evoked urethral pressure was observed during testing, but the effect was temporary and did not vary between electrodes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multiple clinical electrodes appear suitable for neuroprostheses using peripheral nerve electrical block. The freedom to choose electrodes based on secondary criteria such as ease of implantation or cost should ease translation of electrical nerve block to clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boger
authors.forename: Narendra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhadra
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Gustafson
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004566:Electrodes; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology*; D058117:Neural Prostheses; D011999:Recruitment, Neurophysiological / Q000502:physiology