title: Cognitive activity limitations one year post-trauma in patients admitted to sub-acute rehabilitation after severe traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine cognitive activity limitations and predictors of outcome 1 year post-trauma in patients admitted to sub-acute rehabilitation after severe traumatic brain injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 119 patients with severe traumatic brain injury admitted to centralized sub-acute rehabilitation in the Eastern part of Denmark during a 5-year period from 2005 to 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level of consciousness was assessed consecutively during rehabilitation and at 1 year post-trauma. Severity of traumatic brain injury was classified according to duration of post-traumatic amnesia. The cognitive subscale of Functional Independence MeasureTM (Cog-FIM) was used to assess cognitive activity limitations. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of an independent level of functioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of patients progressed to a post-confusional level of consciousness during the first year post-trauma. At follow-up 33-58% of patients had achieved functional independence within the cognitive domains on the Cog-FIM. Socio-economic status, duration of acute care and post-traumatic amnesia were significant predictors of outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Substantial recovery was documented among patients with severe traumatic brain injury during the first year post-trauma. The results of the current study suggest that absence of consciousness at discharge from acute care should not preclude patients from being referred to specialized sub-acute rehabilitation.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit on BRain Injury rehabilitation, Copenhagen, Department of Neurorehabilitation, Traumatic Brain Injury Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark. jens.sommer@sund.ku.dk
authors.forename: Jens Bak
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Norup
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.forename: Jesper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morgensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003244:Consciousness Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019467:Subacute Care; D055815:Young Adult