title: Perceptions of Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (PRMDs) in Irish traditional musicians: a focus group study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) are common in musicians and interfere with the ability to play an instrument at the accustomed level. There is limited research into injuries affecting folk musicians.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore the Irish traditional musicians' experience of PRMDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focus group interviews were conducted in 2011 and 2012, in two venues in Ireland. Data were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data collection ended when no new findings emerged from the analysis of interviews. The inclusion criteria were: males or females aged 18 and above, and who taught or played Irish traditional music on any instrument. The data were analysed using the interpretative phenomenological method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All participants (n=22) believed there was a link between playing music and musculoskeletal problems. The main body areas affected were the back, shoulders, arms and hands. The main theme that emerged was: 'PRMDs are an integral part of being a traditional musician', and that the musical experience was generally prioritised over the health of the musician. There were sub-themes of 'fear' and 'stresses that contributed to PRMDs'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PRMDs are an occupational hazard for Irish musicians. There is an awareness of PRMDs, but changes (technique, environment) may threaten identity.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK CHaRT (Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies), Newtownabbey, UK.
authors.forename: Iseult M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: School of Creative Arts, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK Arts and Humanities Research Institute, Newtownabbey, UK.
authors.forename: Liz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Doherty
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McKeown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009146:Music / Q000523:psychology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D010465:Perception; D012307:Risk Factors; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000293:injuries*
keywords: Injury; disability; folk music; leisure; pain; work