title: Antioxidant versus anti-diabetic properties of leaves from Vernonia amygdalina Del. growing in Malaysia.
abstract: The antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of the sequential extracts of Vernonia amygdalina based on the chemical composition of the most effective anti-diabetic extract were studied. Using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging as well as FRAP assays, the extracts showed a consistent dose-dependent trend of potent antioxidant activity in the following solvents: water extract>methanol extract>chloroform extract>and petroleum ether extracts. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the chloroform extract exerted the highest response (33.3%), similar to metformin (27.2%), after 2h compared to the control (50.8%, P<0.05). After a 14-day administration in diabetic rats, the chloroform extract recorded the highest blood (23.5%) and serum (21.4%) glucose-lowering effects (P<0.05). GC-MS analysis of the chloroform extract revealed high levels of linoleic acid (4.72%), α-linolenic acid (10.8%) and phytols (12.0%), as well as other compounds.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia. dratangwho@gmail.com
authors.forename: Item J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Atangwho
authors.forename: Godwin E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Egbung
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Mun F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Yam
authors.forename: Mohd Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Asmawi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D035741:Vernonia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Anti-diabetic activity; Antioxidant activity; Blood glucose; Essential fatty acids; OGTT; Vernonia amygdalina