title: Decision support tool for soil sampling of heterogeneous pesticide (chlordecone) pollution.
abstract: When field pollution is heterogeneous due to localized pesticide application, as is the case of chlordecone (CLD), the mean level of pollution is difficult to assess. Our objective was to design a decision support tool to optimize soil sampling. We analyzed the CLD heterogeneity of soil content at 0-30- and 30-60-cm depth. This was done within and between nine plots (0.4 to 1.8 ha) on andosol and ferralsol. We determined that 20 pooled subsamples per plot were a satisfactory compromise with respect to both cost and accuracy. Globally, CLD content was greater for andosols and the upper soil horizon (0-30 cm). Soil organic carbon cannot account for CLD intra-field variability. Cropping systems and tillage practices influence the CLD content and distribution; that is CLD pollution was higher under intensive banana cropping systems and, while upper soil horizon was more polluted than the lower one with shallow tillage (<40 cm), deeper tillage led to a homogenization and a dilution of the pollution in the soil profile. The decision tool we proposed compiles and organizes these results to better assess CLD soil pollution in terms of sampling depth, distance, and unit at field scale. It accounts for sampling objectives, farming practices (cropping system, tillage), type of soil, and topographical characteristics (slope) to design a relevant sampling plan. This decision support tool is also adaptable to other types of heterogeneous agricultural pollution at field level.
authors.affiliation: Cirad/PRAM, UPR Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de culture horticoles, B.P. 214 Petit Morne, Martinique, 97232, Le Lamentin, France. florence.clostre@cirad.fr.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Clostre
authors.affiliation: Cirad/PRAM, UPR Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de culture horticoles, B.P. 214 Petit Morne, Martinique, 97232, Le Lamentin, France.|Cirad UR HortSys, TA B-103/PS4, Boulevard de la Lironde, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Magalie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lesueur-Jannoyer
authors.affiliation: Cirad/PRAM, UPR Fonctionnement Systèmes de cultures bananes plantains et ananas, B.P. 214 Petit Morne, Martinique, 97232, Le Lamentin, France.
authors.forename: Raphaël
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Achard
authors.affiliation: Cirad, UPR Systèmes de culture annuels, Boulevard de la Lironde, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Letourmy
authors.affiliation: Research Unit 1321 Agrosystèmes Tropicaux, INRA, Duclos, Guadeloupe, 97170, Petit-Bourg, France.
authors.forename: Yves-Marie
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Cabidoche
authors.affiliation: UPR Systèmes de culture Banane et Ananas, CIRAD, Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Guadeloupe, 97130, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cattan
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D007631:Chlordecone / Q000032:analysis*; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D028521:Musa; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D007631:Chlordecone