title: Indigenous cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria enhanced rapid co-composting of lignocellulose oil palm empty fruit bunch with palm oil mill effluent anaerobic sludge.
abstract: The composting of lignocellulosic oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) with continuous addition of palm oil mill (POME) anaerobic sludge which contained nutrients and indigenous microbes was studied. In comparison to the conventional OPEFB composting which took 60-90 days, the rapid composting in this study can be completed in 40 days with final C/N ratio of 12.4 and nitrogen (2.5%), phosphorus (1.4%), and potassium (2.8%), respectively. Twenty-seven cellulolytic bacterial strains of which 23 strains were closely related to Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus firmus, Thermobifida fusca, Thermomonospora spp., Cellulomonas sp., Ureibacillus thermosphaericus, Paenibacillus barengoltzii, Paenibacillus campinasensis, Geobacillus thermodenitrificans, Pseudoxanthomonas byssovorax which were known as lignocellulose degrading bacteria and commonly involved in lignocellulose degradation. Four isolated strains related to Exiguobacterium acetylicum and Rhizobium sp., with cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic activities. The rapid composting period achieved in this study can thus be attributed to the naturally occurring cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic strains identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Huzairi Mohd
authors.initials: MHM
authors.lastname: Zainudin
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: alihas@biotech.upm.edu.my.
authors.forename: Mohd Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Biological Functions Research Group, Frontier Research Labs., Institute of Innovation, Ajinomoto, 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsunori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokura
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Function and Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino-cho, Wakamatsu-ku, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shirai
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater; C036909:lignocellulose
keywords: Anaerobic sludge; Cellulolytic bacteria; Composting; Oil palm empty fruit bunch