title: Pulsed-light imaging for fluorescence guided surgery under normal room lighting.
abstract: Fluorescence guided surgery (FGS) is an emerging technology that has demonstrated improved surgical outcomes. However, dim lighting conditions required by current FGS systems are disruptive to standard surgical workflow. We present a novel FGS system capable of imaging fluorescence under normal room light by using pulsed excitation and gated acquisition. Images from tissue-simulating phantoms confirm visual detection down to 0.25 μM of protoporphyrin IX under 125 μW/cm2 of ambient light, more than an order of magnitude lower than that measured with the Zeiss Pentero in the dark. Resection of orthotopic brain tumors in mice also suggests that the pulsed-light system provides superior sensitivity in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA. kristian.j.sexton.th@dartmouth.edu
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sexton
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McClatchy
authors.forename: Pablo A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Valdes
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kanick
authors.forename: Keith D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Paulsen
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Brian W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Pogue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005453:Fluorescence; D005910:Glioma / Q000601:surgery; D008027:Light; D008029:Lighting; D051379:Mice; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*