title: Effect of high dry solids loading on enzymatic hydrolysis of acid bisulfite pretreated Eastern redcedar.
abstract: This study investigates hydrolysis of cellulose from Eastern redcedar to glucose at high solids loading. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated redcedar was performed with 0.5 ml Accelerase® 1500/g glucan (46 FPU/g glucan) using dry solids loading from 2% to 20% (w/w). Rheological challenges observed at high solids loading were overcome by adding stainless steel balls to shake flask reactors. The highest glucose concentration, 126 g/L (84% glucan-to-glucose yield), was obtained using 20% solids loading with stainless steel balls as a mixing aid. This enzymatic hydrolyzate was fermented into ethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae D5A to produce 52 g/L of ethanol (corresponding to 166 L/dry Mg of redcedar). Reducing enzyme dosage at 16% solids loading from 46 to 11.5 FPU/g glucan reduced glucan-to-glucose yields. This study has demonstrated the possibility of extracting sugars from the invasive species of Eastern redcedar with high solid loadings and their conversion into ethanol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States.
authors.forename: Karthikeyan D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Ramachandriya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States. Electronic address: mark.wilkins@okstate.edu.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States.
authors.forename: Hasan K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Atiyeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States.
authors.forename: Nurhan T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Dunford
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States.
authors.forename: Salim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hiziroglu
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D028203:Cedrus / Q000378:metabolism*; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D012212:Rheology; D013447:Sulfites / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013447:Sulfites; D002482:Cellulose; D002480:Cellulase; C042345:hydrogen sulfite
keywords: Acid bisulfite pretreatment; Cellulosic ethanol; Fermentation; High solids loading; Softwood