title: Perceptions of risk from workers in high risk industries with work related musculoskeletal disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) remain a major occupational health problem, despite decades of research, outreach, and intervention.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to promote early identification and prevention of WMSDs by developing education and outreach materials grounded in interview data collected from workers that have recently filed for workers compensation (WC) for WMSDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with WC claimants (n=66) from high risk industries identified through the use of a Prevention Index (PI) in Washington state with WMSDs of the back, shoulder, hand/wrist, or knee.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perceptions regarding the degree of exposure to WMSD risk factors, the social construction of pain, and the potential to implement injury-prevention measures varied widely. Many workers dismissed their injuries as the result of "fluke" or "freak" occurrences and framed their exposure to risk factors for WMSDs as either inevitable or "just part of the job."
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Workers in high-risk industries for WMSDs described their work conditions in ways that suggested: (1) a lack of awareness of the potential for developing a WMSD, (2) a view of work-related pain as normal, and/or (3) a pattern of self-blame for WMSD onset. A paradigm that either asserts the inevitability of WMSDs or dismisses potential control measures presents both a significant barrier to injury prevention efforts as well as a major opportunity for future occupational health research.
authors.affiliation: Safety and Health Assessment and Research for Prevention (SHARP), Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, WA, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.affiliation: Safety and Health Assessment and Research for Prevention (SHARP), Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia, WA, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Silverstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D060051:Occupational Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D010465:Perception; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014861:Washington; D014942:Workers' Compensation / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Cumulative trauma; early identification; injury prevention; risk awareness; safety climate