title: Anticoagulant effect of Huisheng Oral Solution in a rat model of thrombosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether Huisheng Oral Solution has an anticoagulant effect in a rat model of thrombosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 male SD rats were equally and randomly divided into four groups: blank group, model group, and two treatment groups (A and B). Rats were subcutaneously injected with carrageenan to induce thrombosis. Rats in the treatment group A were intragastrically administered with Huisheng Oral Solution at a dose of 2 ml/100 g body weight (once per 8 hours), 72 hours after carrageenan injection, while those in the treatment group B were administered with Huisheng Oral Solution both 72 hours before and after induction of thrombosis. Blood samples were collected 24, 48, and 72 hours after carrageenan injection for measurements of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), international normalized ratio (INR), fibrinogen (FIB), prothrombin activity (PTA), platelets (PLT), fibrin degradation products (FDPs), and D-dimer. Lung, liver, and mesentery samples were taken 72 hours after carrageenan injection for histopathological analysis. The numbers of microthrombi in sections of different tissue samples were counted under a microscope. Blood parameters among each group were compared using the Welch test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, or the SNK test after testing for normality, while the number of microthrombi was compared using the Bonferroni test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to those in the model group, PT, APTT, and INR were significantly prolonged or increased while FIB was significantly reduced at the majority of time points in the two treatment groups (P < 0.05 for all). The levels of FDPs and D-dimer and PLT counts at the majority of time points were significantly lower (P < 0.05 for all), and the numbers of microthrombi in lung, liver, and mesentery samples were significantly decreased (P < 0.05 for all) in the two treatment groups. The above parameters at the majority of time points showed no significant differences between the two treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Huisheng Oral Solution can significantly improve coagulation parameters, fibrinolysis parameters, and PLT count, and reduce blood hypercoagulability and microthrombosis, suggesting that Huisheng Oral Solution has an anticoagulant effect in a rat model of thrombosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing-100 048, China.
authors.forename: Shuang-Qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Zhong-Jie
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hong-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shu-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002351:Carrageenan; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008643:Mesentery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010976:Platelet Count; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C587426:Huisheng oral solution; D028321:Plant Preparations; D002351:Carrageenan
keywords: Fibrinolysis; Huisheng Oral Solution; hypercoagulable state; microthrombus; thrombosis