title: Age-associated differential production of IFN-γ, IL-10 and GM-CSF by porcine alveolar macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharide.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the age-related production variation of T helper (Th)-type cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ and IL-10), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and nitric oxide (NO) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated porcine alveolar macrophages (AMs) in a time-dependent manner. For this purpose, AMs were isolated from 5-days (newborn), 40-days (post-weaned) and 120-days (young) old pigs. Cells were incubated for 24h in the absence or presence of increasing concentrations of LPS (0.0, 0.01, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 μg/mL). IL-10, IFN-γ and GM-CSF mRNA expression was upregulated in a dose-dependent manner for all age groups (P<0.05). Age-related differences included a significantly increased IL-10 mRNA and protein production in newborn piglets compared to post-weaned and young pigs. IL-10 production pattern was similar with a higher peak between 12 and 36 h post-induction in all age groups. In contrast, IFN-γ mRNA and protein level was significantly elevated in young pigs 12h and 24h post-induction, respectively, while the time course production of IFN-γ was mostly consistent in newborn and post-weaned piglets. GM-CSF mRNA expression was significantly lower in newborn piglets than in post-weaned and young pigs. The kinetic of GM-CSF expression peaked at 12h in young and post-weaned pigs and at 24h in newborn piglets. IL-4 mRNA levels were very low and no apparent change of IL-2 expression was observed following LPS stimulation in all age groups. Only very low levels of NO were detected in the cell supernatants of young pigs. Collectively, these studies suggest age-related differences in time-dependent production of IL-10, IFN-γ and GM-CSF by porcine AMs with potential immunoregulatory consequences to be explored further.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ariful
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Muhammad Jasim
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Uddin
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tholen
authors.forename: Dawit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tesfaye
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Looft
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schellander
authors.forename: Mehmet Ulas
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Cinar
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D013552:Swine / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: Alveolar macrophage; Cytokine; Immune system; Lipopolysaccharide; Piglet