title: Preparation and in vitro evaluation of xanthan gum facilitated superabsorbent polymeric microspheres.
abstract: Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel microspheres of xanthan gum (XG) based superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion crosslinking method for sustained release of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIPRO). The microspheres were prepared with various ratios of hydrolyzed SAP to PVA and extent of crosslinking density. The prepared microspheres with loose and rigid surfaces were evidenced by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the IPN formation. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) study was performed to understand the dispersion nature of drug after encapsulation. The in vitro drug release study was extensively evaluated depending on the process variables in both acidic and alkaline media. All the formulations exhibited satisfactory physicochemical and in vitro release characteristics. Release data indicated a non-Fickian trend of drug release from the formulations. Based on the results, this study suggest that CIPRO loaded IPN microspheres were suitable for sustained release application.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Delhi Road, Moradabad 244001, Uttar Pradesh, India. shivsankar.bhattacharya@gmail.com
authors.forename: Shiv Sankar
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.forename: Farhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mazahir
authors.forename: Subham
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Anurag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Amitava
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghosh
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D008863:Microspheres; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry*; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013499:Surface Properties; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D009821:Oils; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D014867:Water; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; C002563:xanthan gum
keywords: AA; APS; CIPRO; Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride; DEE; DSC; Emulsion crosslinking; FTIR; GA; IPN; Interpenetrating polymer network; KBr; MBA; N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide; PVA; Poly(vinyl alcohol); SAP; SEM; Superabsorbent polymer; UV–Vis; X-ray diffraction; XG; XRD; Xanthan gum; acrylic acid; ammonium persulfate; ciprofloxacin hydrochloride; differential scanning calorimetry; drug encapsulation efficiency; fourier transform infra-red; glutaraldehyde; interpenetrating polymer network; poly (vinyl alcohol); potassium bromide; scanning electron microscopy; superabsorbent polymer; ultraviolet–visible; w/o; water-in-oil; xanthan gum