title: Cerebral palsy and growth failure at 6 to 7 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between severity of cerebral palsy (CP) and growth to 6 to 7 years of age among children with moderate to severe (Mod/Sev) hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). It was hypothesized that children with Mod/Sev CP would have poorer growth, lower cognitive scores, and increased rehospitalization rates compared with children with no CP (No CP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Among 115 of 122 surviving children followed in the hypothermia trial for neonatal HIE, growth parameters and neurodevelopmental status at 18 to 22 months and 6 to 7 years were available. Group comparisons (Mod/Sev CP and No CP) with unadjusted and adjusted analyses for growth <10th percentile and z scores by using Fisher's exact tests and regression modeling were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with Mod/Sev CP had high rates of slow growth and cognitive and motor impairment and rehospitalizations at 18 to 22 months and 6 to 7 years. At 6 to 7 years of age, children with Mod/Sev CP had increased rates of growth parameters <10th percentile compared with those with No CP (weight, 57% vs 3%; height, 70% vs 2%; and head circumference, 82% vs 13%; P < .0001). Increasing severity of slow growth was associated with increasing age (P < .04 for weight, P < .001 for length, and P < .0001 for head circumference). Gastrostomy feeds were associated with better growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Term children with HIE who develop Mod/Sev CP have high and increasing rates of growth <10th percentile by 6 to 7 years of age. These findings support the need for close medical and nutrition management of children with HIE who develop CP.
authors.affiliation: Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley St, Providence, RI 02905. bvohr@wihri.org.
authors.forename: Betty R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Vohr
authors.forename: Bonnie E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ehrenkranz
authors.forename: Abbot R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Laptook
authors.forename: Athina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hintz
authors.forename: Seetha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shankaran
authors.forename: Rosemary D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.forename: Abhik
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005183:Failure to Thrive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies
keywords: cerebral palsy; encephalopathy; growth; hypothermia; hypoxia-ischemia
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