title: Bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere of a Cry1Ac Bt-brinjal crop and comparison to its non-transgenic counterpart in the tropical soil.
abstract: To elucidate whether the transgenic crop alters the rhizospheric bacterial community structure, a 2-year study was performed with Cry1Ac gene-inserted brinjal crop (Bt) and their near isogenic non-transformed trait (non-Bt). The event of Bt crop (VRBT-8) was screened using an insect bioassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Soil moisture, NH4 (+)-N, NO3 (-)-N, and PO4 (-)-P level had non-significant variation. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that abundance of bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies were lower in soils associated with Bt brinjal. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) showed slight reduction in Bt brinjal soils. Higher MBC values in the non-Bt crop soil may be attributed to increased root activity and availability of readily metabolizable carbon compounds. The restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR-amplified rRNA gene fragments detected 13 different bacterial groups with the exclusive presence of β-Proteobacteria, Chloroflexus, Planctomycetes, and Fusobacteria in non-Bt, and Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes in Bt soils, respectively, reflecting minor changes in the community structure. Despite the detection of Cry1Ac protein in the rhizospheric soil, the overall impact of Cry1Ac expressing Bt brinjal was less compared to that due to seasonal changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
authors.forename: Amit Kishore
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Govind Kumar
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.forename: Major
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Suresh Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Dubey
mesh_terms: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044822:Biodiversity; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D058441:Rhizosphere; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D032323:Solanum melongena / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D012987:Soil; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis
references.citation: Bioresour Technol. 2009 May;100(9):2469-74
references.pmid: 19157866
references.citation: FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2002 Sep 1;41(3):181-90
references.pmid: 19709252
references.citation: J Environ Qual. 2008 Mar-Apr;37(2):647-62
references.pmid: 18396552
references.citation: Plant Physiol Biochem. 2004 May;42(5):383-7
references.pmid: 15191740
references.citation: FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2000 Jul 1;33(1):35-39
references.pmid: 10922501
references.citation: Malays J Nutr. 2004 Mar;10(1):39-51
references.pmid: 22691747
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e35481
references.pmid: 22558158
references.citation: Transgenic Res. 2008 Aug;17(4):609-20
references.pmid: 17851773
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2007 Aug;24(8):1596-9
references.pmid: 17488738
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Jul;71(7):4117-20
references.pmid: 16000830
references.citation: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006 Apr;70(3):281-9
references.pmid: 16470363
references.citation: Nat Biotechnol. 2002 Jun;20(6):567-74
references.pmid: 12042859
references.citation: FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2011 Oct;78(1):116-28
references.pmid: 21569061
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Oct;67(10):4742-51
references.pmid: 11571180
references.citation: FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2006 May;56(2):219-35
references.pmid: 16629752
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Dec;71(12):8966-9
references.pmid: 16332901
references.citation: FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2002 Apr 1;40(1):29-37
references.pmid: 19709208
references.citation: J Environ Qual. 2004 May-Jun;33(3):816-24
references.pmid: 15224915
references.citation: Biotechnol Adv. 2010 Jan-Feb;28(1):160-8
references.pmid: 19913085
references.citation: Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):480
references.pmid: 10591205
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Aug;69(8):4455-62
references.pmid: 12902229
references.citation: Mol Ecol. 2005 Jul;14(8):2539-51
references.pmid: 15969733
references.citation: J Environ Qual. 2004 May-Jun;33(3):837-43
references.pmid: 15224918