title: Complex 3D blood flow pathways in two cases of aorta to right heart fistulae: a 4D flow MRI study.
abstract: We present an analysis of 3D blood flow in two cases of Sinus of Valsalva to right heart fistulae based on 4D flow MRI. Despite similar underlying pathology, 3D visualization revealed intricate differences in flow patterns connecting the systemic and pulmonary circulation. The cases illustrates the potential of 4D flow MRI to complement the evaluation of complex structural heart disease by assessing complex flow dynamics and providing quantitative information of flow ratios and flow rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Darshit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thakrar
authors.forename: Andrada
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Popescu
authors.forename: Suraj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.forename: Hyde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markl
mesh_terms: D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001159:Arterio-Arterial Fistula / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods; D055414:Myocardial Perfusion Imaging / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012850:Sinus of Valsalva
keywords: 4D flow MRI; Fistula; Hemodynamics; MRI
references.citation: Eur J Echocardiogr. 2005 Jan;6(1):65-6
references.pmid: 15664555
references.citation: Cardiology. 2006;106(2):73-81
references.pmid: 16612073
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010 Sep;32(3):677-83
references.pmid: 20815066
references.citation: J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2011 Jan 14;13:7
references.pmid: 21235751