title: Experimental study of underwater transmission characteristics of high-frequency 30 MHz polyurea ultrasonic transducer.
abstract: In this paper, we present the transmission characteristics of a polyurea ultrasonic transducer operating in water. In this study, we used a polyurea transducer with fundamental resonance at approximately 30 MHz. Firstly, acoustic pressure radiated from the transducer was measured using a hydrophone, which has a diameter of 0.2 mm. The transmission characteristics such as relative bandwidth, pulse width, and acoustic sensitivity were calculated from the experimental results. The results of the experiment showed a relative bandwidth of 50% and a pulse width of 0.061 μs. The acoustic sensitivity was 0.60 kPa/V with good linearity, where the correlation coefficient R in the fitting calculation was 0.996. A maximum pressure of 13.1 kPa was observed when the transducer was excited at a zero-to-peak voltage of 21 V. Moreover, we experimentally verified the results. The results of the pulse/echo experiment showed that the estimated diameters of the copper wires were 458 and 726 μm, where the differences between the actual and measured values were 15% and 4%, respectively. Acoustic streaming was also observed so that a particle velocity map was estimated by particle image velocimetry (PIV). The sound pressure calculated from the particle velocity obtained by PIV showed good agreement with the acoustic pressure measured using the hydrophone, where the differences between the calculated and measured values were 12-19%.
authors.affiliation: Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan. Electronic address: mtabaru@sonic.pi.titech.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoyagi
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tabaru
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Sadayuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueha
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011312:Pressure; D011825:Radar / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014159:Transducers; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D014867:Water; C045786:polyurea
keywords: Acoustic radiation pressure; High frequency; PIV; Piezoelectric polymer; Polyurea film