title: One-Year Clinical Outcomes among Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Acute Myocardial Infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the clinical outcome of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with MetS has not been well examined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of AMI patients with MetS.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated a total of 6352 AMI patients who had successful percutaneous coronary interventions and could be identified for MetS between 2005 and 2008 at 51 hospitals participating in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. They were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of MetS: the MetS group (n=2493, 39.2%) versus the Non-MetS group (n=3859, 60.8%). In addition, 4049 AMI patients with high levels of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (≥100 mg/dL) among them, were divided into the MetS group (n=1561, 38.6%) versus the Non-MetS group (n=2488, 61.4%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the overall population, there was no significant difference in 12-month the major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rate between the 2 groups. However, the MetS group showed a significantly higher 12-month MACE rate in the high LDL-C population. Multivariate analysis showed that MetS was an independent prognostic factor for 12-month MACE {hazard ratio (HR) 1.607, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.027 to 2.513, adjusted p=0.038} and for 12-month target vessel revascularization (HR 1.564, 95% CI 1.092 to 2.240, adjusted p=0.015) in the high LDL-C population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MetS patients with AMI in the overall population showed no significant difference in 12-month clinical outcomes. However, in patients with higher LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL, they showed significantly worse clinical outcome than Non-MetS patients. Therefore, it is important to ascertain the presence of MetS in AMI patients, and more aggressive therapy should be strongly considered for AMI patient with MetS.
authors.affiliation: Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Seon
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Myung Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Youngkeun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Young Jo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Shung Chull
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Taek Jong
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: In Whan
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.forename: Jei Keon
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Chong Jin
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myeong Chan
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Seung-Woon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Rha
authors.forename: Jang Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Ki Bae
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Seung
authors.forename: Seung Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
keywords: Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; Metabolic syndrome; Myocardial infarction
references.citation: Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2007;7(1):39-58
references.pmid: 17355165
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 2007 Nov 1;100(9):1347-52
references.pmid: 17950788
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Nov;91(11):4489-96
references.pmid: 16968805
references.citation: G Ital Cardiol (Rome). 2010 Dec;11(12 Suppl 3):10S-15S
references.pmid: 21491734
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Feb;83(2):461S-465S
references.pmid: 16470013
references.citation: Eur Heart J. 2012 Oct;33(20):2569-619
references.pmid: 22922416
references.citation: J Atheroscler Thromb. 2008 Oct;15(5):250-60
references.pmid: 18981650
references.citation: Int J Cardiol. 2005 Oct 10;104(3):338-45
references.pmid: 16186066
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 Jan 20;53(3):244-53
references.pmid: 19147041
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2003 Nov;26(11):3153-9
references.pmid: 14578254
references.citation: Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2012 Jul;9(3):177-88
references.pmid: 22219135
references.citation: J Korean Med Sci. 2010 Oct;25(10):1456-61
references.pmid: 20890426
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2005 Apr;28(4):873-7
references.pmid: 15793188
references.citation: Cardiovasc J Afr. 2010 Mar-Apr;21(2):103-8
references.pmid: 20532435
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 2005 Feb 1;95(3):360-6
references.pmid: 15670545
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 2004 Jan 15;93(2):136-41
references.pmid: 14715336
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 2005 May 23;165(10):1192-8
references.pmid: 15911735
references.citation: Lipids. 2012 Oct;47(10):963-72
references.pmid: 22903558
references.citation: J Atheroscler Thromb. 2009 Oct;16(5):684-90
references.pmid: 19749496
references.citation: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012 Mar;16(3):328-34
references.pmid: 22530349
references.citation: J Cardiol. 2010 Jul;56(1):1-7
references.pmid: 20554156
references.citation: Curr Opin Lipidol. 2004 Dec;15(6):637-43
references.pmid: 15529022
references.citation: Atherosclerosis. 2012 Apr;221(2):416-21
references.pmid: 22296884
references.citation: Coron Artery Dis. 2009 Sep;20(6):370-5
references.pmid: 19609207
references.citation: Clin Chim Acta. 2011 Jul 15;412(15-16):1423-7
references.pmid: 21530500
references.citation: J Clin Lipidol. 2012 Jan-Feb;6(1):42-9
references.pmid: 22264573
references.citation: Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010 Jun;88(3):e38-41
references.pmid: 20427098
references.citation: Cardiology. 2007;108(4):282-9
references.pmid: 17284906
references.citation: Circulation. 2005 Oct 25;112(17):2735-52
references.pmid: 16157765
references.citation: Atherosclerosis. 2007 Feb;190(2):416-22
references.pmid: 16616756