title: Maternal ileal interposition surgery confers metabolic improvements to offspring independent of effects on maternal body weight in UCD-T2DM rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increasing numbers of people are undergoing bariatric surgery, of which approximately half are women in their childbearing years. However, information on the long-term effects of maternal bariatric surgery in their children is lacking. Furthermore, since bariatric surgery is performed to reduce body weight, clinical studies have not been able to differentiate between benefits to the child due to maternal body weight loss versus other maternal postoperative metabolic changes. Therefore, we used the University of California, Davis, type 2 diabetes mellitus (UCD-T2DM) rat model to test the hypothesis that maternal ileal interposition (IT) surgery would confer beneficial metabolic effects in offspring, independent of effects on maternal body weight.
  
  
  METHODS
  IT surgery was performed on 2-month-old prediabetic female UCD-T2DM rats. Females were bred 3 weeks after surgery, and male pups were studied longitudinally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal IT surgery resulted in decreased body weight in offspring compared with sham offspring (P < 0.05). IT offspring exhibited improvements of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and nutrient-stimulated glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) secretion (P < 0.05). Fasting plasma unconjugated bile acid concentrations were 4-fold lower in IT offspring compared with sham offspring at two months of age (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, maternal IT surgery confers modest improvements of body weight and improves insulin secretion and nutrient-stimulated GLP-2 secretion in offspring in the UCD-T2DM rat model of type 2 diabetes, indicating that this is a useful model for investigating the weight-independent metabolic effects of maternal bariatric surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, T7 022A Veterinary Research Tower (Box 17), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA, bpc68@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Bethany P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Kimber L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Stanhope
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Chouinard
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Havel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007082:Ileum / Q000601:surgery*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D011236:Prediabetic State; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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