title: Draft genome sequence of the mulberry tree Morus notabilis.
abstract: Human utilization of the mulberry-silkworm interaction started at least 5,000 years ago and greatly influenced world history through the Silk Road. Complementing the silkworm genome sequence, here we describe the genome of a mulberry species Morus notabilis. In the 330-Mb genome assembly, we identify 128 Mb of repetitive sequences and 29,338 genes, 60.8% of which are supported by transcriptome sequencing. Mulberry gene sequences appear to evolve ~3 times faster than other Rosales, perhaps facilitating the species' spread worldwide. The mulberry tree is among a few eudicots but several Rosales that have not preserved genome duplications in more than 100 million years; however, a neopolyploid series found in the mulberry tree and several others suggest that new duplications may confer benefits. Five predicted mulberry miRNAs are found in the haemolymph and silk glands of the silkworm, suggesting interactions at molecular levels in the plant-herbivore relationship. The identification and analyses of mulberry genes involved in diversifying selection, resistance and protease inhibitor expressed in the laticifers will accelerate the improvement of mulberry plants.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Ningjia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiwu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Shancen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Guojun
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authors.forename: Qingle
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authors.forename: Guoqing
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authors.forename: Rongjun
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authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xu
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authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yunmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Aichun
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authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Qiwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Bi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jiubo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xiling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jingzhe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Penghua
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Haiyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shuai
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Congjin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Keyan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhu-Salzman
authors.forename: Dianchuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Jinpeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Maode
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Cuiming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Zhenjiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fanwei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Jiafei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shutang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Tianbao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shougong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Junyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Huanming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Guangwei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Andrew H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Paterson
authors.forename: Qingyou
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Dongfeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Zhonghuai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D012831:Bombyx / Q000235:genetics; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D003198:Computer Simulation; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008957:Models, Genetic; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D031625:Morus / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014197:Trees / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D011480:Protease Inhibitors
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