title: Fucosylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes for Kupffer cells targeting for the treatment of cytokine-induced liver damage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop, characterize and exploring the sulfasalazine loaded fucoyslated multi walled carbon nanotubes for Kupffer cell targeting for effective management of cytokine-induce liver damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sulfasalazine was loaded into the fucosylated MWCNTs after subsequential functionalization (carboxylation, acylation and amidation) using dialysis membrane technique. The in vitro, in vivo studies were performed on macrophages J 774 cell line for Kupffer cells targeting for the treatment of cytokine-induced liver damage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The loading of SSZ into SSZ-FUCO-MWCNTs was 87.77 ± 0.11% (n = 3). Sustained release was obtained from SSZ-FUCO-MWCNTs, with 89.12 ± 0.71% of SSZ released into medium at 48th hr. SSZ-FUCO-MWCNTs showed the 9.0  ± 0.23% hemolysis was drastically reduced from 21.62 ± 0.24% SSZMWCNTs 21.62 ± 0.24%. In SRB assay, SSZ-FUCO-MWCNTs showed more cytotoxicity than raw and SSZ-MWCNTs. In cytokine assay, SSZ- FUCO-MWCNTs exhibited significantly higher inhibition of IL-12 p40 secretion. In Western blot assay, SSZ-FUCO-MWCNTs significantly inhibit NF-κB activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that the SSZ-FUCO-MWCNTs may be useful nano-carriers for targeted delivery to Kupffer cells in the treatment of cytokine-induced liver damage.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour University, Sagar, MP, 470 003, India.
authors.forename: Richa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Neelesh Kumar
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Mehra
authors.forename: Narendra Kumar
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Jain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012460:Sulfasalazine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D012460:Sulfasalazine
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2011 Sep;32(26):6213-25
references.pmid: 21616528
references.citation: J Immunol. 2006 Feb 1;176(3):1776-83
references.pmid: 16424208
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2012 Apr;33(11):3324-33
references.pmid: 22281423
references.citation: Methods. 2007 Aug;42(4):377-87
references.pmid: 17560325
references.citation: Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2012 Jan 1;89:1-9
references.pmid: 21982868
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2008 Apr;3(4):216-21
references.pmid: 18654506
references.citation: Int J Nanomedicine. 2011;6:2889-98
references.pmid: 22131835
references.citation: J Colloid Interface Sci. 2012 Jan 1;365(1):143-9
references.pmid: 21974923
references.citation: Immunology. 2001 Aug;103(4):473-8
references.pmid: 11529938
references.citation: Antioxid Redox Signal. 2002 Oct;4(5):741-8
references.pmid: 12470501
references.citation: Pharm Res. 2009 Dec;26(12):2588-98
references.pmid: 19842021
references.citation: Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2008;25(2):169-206
references.pmid: 18540838
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2012 Feb;33(6):1689-98
references.pmid: 22137127
references.citation: J Drug Target. 2013 Jul;21(6):581-92
references.pmid: 23484494
references.citation: Mol Interv. 2002 Feb;2(1):22-35
references.pmid: 14993359
references.citation: Clin Sci (Lond). 2010 Mar 30;118(12):691-705
references.pmid: 20350292
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2009 Oct;30(30):6041-7
references.pmid: 19643474
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2010 Jun 30;393(1-2):185-96
references.pmid: 20382210
references.citation: Curr Drug Deliv. 2011 May;8(3):227-34
references.pmid: 21291376
references.citation: Nanomedicine. 2012 Aug;8(6):853-9
references.pmid: 22033080
references.citation: Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Sep;43(9):1941-50
references.pmid: 11014343
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Dec 15;1524(2-3):258-65
references.pmid: 11113576
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2003 May 12;257(1-2):111-24
references.pmid: 12711167
references.citation: Eur J Cancer. 1993;29A(3):395-9
references.pmid: 8398340
references.citation: J Drug Target. 2006 Jan;14(1):1-11
references.pmid: 16603446
references.citation: Nanomedicine. 2009 Dec;5(4):432-42
references.pmid: 19341818
references.citation: Pharmacotherapy. 1994 Jan-Feb;14(1):100-4
references.pmid: 8159593
references.citation: Ther Deliv. 2013 Mar;4(3):369-94
references.pmid: 23442082
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2007 Jan;28(3):532-9
references.pmid: 16982089
references.citation: Nanomedicine. 2012 May;8(4):468-77
references.pmid: 21782778
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2012 Oct;33(29):7206-20
references.pmid: 22809646
references.citation: Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Nov 21;24(11):2028-39
references.pmid: 21978239
references.citation: Nanotoxicology. 2011 Dec;5(4):583-91
references.pmid: 21034373
references.citation: J Drug Target. 2012 Dec;20(10):841-9
references.pmid: 22994427
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2007 Aug;28(22):3349-59
references.pmid: 17459469
references.citation: J Drug Target. 2013 Jan;21(1):67-76
references.pmid: 23039174
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 1998 Mar 1;101(5):1163-74
references.pmid: 9486988
references.citation: Eur J Biochem. 1990 Sep 11;192(2):245-61
references.pmid: 2170121
references.citation: J Control Release. 2006 Aug 28;114(2):193-201
references.pmid: 16876282
references.citation: Pharmacol Ther. 1994 Aug;63(2):135-61
references.pmid: 7809176
references.citation: J Drug Target. 2012 Aug;20(7):593-604
references.pmid: 22690657
references.citation: Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2013 Mar;10(3):353-67
references.pmid: 23289618
references.citation: Genes Dev. 1995 Jul 1;9(13):1586-97
references.pmid: 7628694
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2012 Apr;33(11):3334-43
references.pmid: 22289266
references.citation: J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 May;309(2):670-6
references.pmid: 14747614
references.citation: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1972 Jul-Aug;13(4):539-51
references.pmid: 4402886
references.citation: Drug Discov Today. 2012 Sep;17(17-18):1023-30
references.pmid: 22579742
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2009 Jul;30(21):3588-96
references.pmid: 19344947
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2001 Jan;107(1):7-11
references.pmid: 11134171