title: Simultaneous derivatization and air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction of some parabens in personal care products and their determination by GC with flame ionization detection.
abstract: A simultaneous derivatization/air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction technique has been developed for the sample pretreatment of some parabens in aqueous samples. The analytes were derivatized and extracted simultaneously by a fast reaction/extraction with butylchloroformate (derivatization agent/extraction solvent) from the aqueous samples and then analyzed by GC with flame ionization detection. The effect of catalyst type and volume, derivatization agent/extraction solvent volume, ionic strength of aqueous solution, pH, numbers of extraction, aqueous sample volume, etc. on the method efficiency was investigated. Calibration graphs were linear in the range of 2-5000 μg/L with squared correlation coefficients >0.990. Enhancement factors and enrichment factors ranged from 1535 to 1941 and 268 to 343, respectively. Detection limits were obtained in the range of 0.41-0.62 μg/L. The RSDs for the extraction and determination of 250 μg/L of each paraben were <4.9% (n = 6). In this method, the derivatization agent and extraction solvent were the same and there is no need for a dispersive solvent, which is common in a traditional dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction technique. Furthermore, the sample preparation time is very short.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mir Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Farajzadeh
authors.forename: Elnaz Marzi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Khosrowshahi
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khorram
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D006203:Hair Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction; D010226:Parabens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D006203:Hair Preparations; D010226:Parabens
keywords: Derivatization; Microextraction; Parabens; Personal care products