title: Montelukast is as effective as penicillin in treatment of acute otitis media: an experimental rat study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leukotrienes are the major factors in the formation of edema and mucus, as well as development of tuba Eustachii dysfunction in acute otitis media. We developed an experimental acute suppurative otitis media model and compared the responses of rats to penicillin and combinations of leukotriene antagonist with respect to histopathological observations conducted in early and late phases.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 83 ears from 56 Wistar rats were used in this study. Pneumococcus suspension was injected trans-tympanically into all rats. Subjects were classified into 4 different groups with 14 rats in each. In Group A, intramuscular penicillin G was injected for a period of 5 days. In Group B, intraperitoneal montelukast was injected for 21 days in addition to penicillin. In Group C, intraperitoneal montelukast isotonic NaCl in Group D was injected into rats for 21 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was found between the groups, except for mucosal vascularization with respect to mucosal and TM parameters in early phases. Furthermore, considerable deviations were observed for the recuperation of TM and mucosal inflammation for groups in which subjects were injected with montelukast as compared to other groups of the study in the late phases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When the parameters of inflammation in the rat middle ear were compared with each other, most of these parameters did not show any statistically significant beneficial effects in montelukast and penicillin groups.
authors.affiliation: Dokuz Eylul University, Medical School, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Izmir, Turkey. sucar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Seçil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uçar
authors.forename: Tural
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huseynov
authors.forename: Melahat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çoban
authors.forename: Sülen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarıoğlu
authors.forename: Bülent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Serbetçioğlu
authors.forename: Arzu Didem
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Yalcin
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013440:Sulfides
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D010406:Penicillins; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; C093875:montelukast
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