title: Development and preliminary validation of a questionnaire on regular exercise beliefs among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a Regular Exercise Belief Questionnaire and test its psychometric properties for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Regular exercise has been shown to significantly improve physical capacity and the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, their adherence to long-term exercise is low. To develop an effective strategy for promoting good exercise behaviours, it is important to have a validated instrument to evaluate factors related to engaging in exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional design was used for the study. Construction of the Regular Exercise Belief Questionnaire was based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour Reliability and validity were assessed using a sample of 136 male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The construct validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through exploratory factor analysis and known group technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exploratory factor analysis resulted in an eight-factor solution that explained 70·4% of the total variance. The internal consistency of the Regular Exercise Belief Questionnaire was 0·83-0·93. The Regular Exercise Belief Questionnaire was preliminarily found to be reliable and exhibited satisfactory validity for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Regular Exercise Belief Questionnaire is the first theory-based measure of exercise beliefs among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The questionnaire provides an effective method to examine behaviour beliefs, normative beliefs and control beliefs about regular exercise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The measure can be used to periodically evaluate the exercise beliefs in clinics and to examine the effectiveness of exercise programmes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The result of the evaluation could also apply to identify strategies related to promoting exercise behaviours.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Nursing, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Chiao
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yann-Fen C
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Jen-Chen
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Min-Huey
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Yang-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Liang-Wen
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.forename: Shin-Da
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Theory of Planned Behaviour; beliefs; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; instrument development; psychometric; questionnaire; regular exercise