title: Recent development of silica nanoparticles as delivery vectors for cancer imaging and therapy.
abstract: In spite of significant advances in early detection and combined treatments, a number of cancers are often diagnosed at advanced stages and thereby carry a poor prognosis. Developing novel prognostic biomarkers and targeted therapies may offer alternatives for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Recent rapid development of nanomaterials, such as silica based nanoparticles (SiNPs), can just render such a promise. In this article, we attempt to summarize the recent progress of SiNPs in tumor research as a novel delivery vector. SiNP-assisted imaging techniques are used in cancer diagnosis both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, SiNP-mediated drug delivery can efficiently treat tumor by carrying chemotherapeutic agents, photosensitizers, photothermal agents, siRNA, and gene therapeutic agents. Finally, SiNPs that contain at least two different functional agents may be more powerful for both tumor imaging and therapy.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This paper summarizes recent progress on the field of silica nanoparticles research as novel delivery vectors for cancer-specific imaging as well as drug delivery of chemotherapeutics, photosensitizers, photothermal agents, siRNA, and gene therapy agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA. Electronic address: min.wu@med.und.edu.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA. Electronic address: jzhao@chem.und.edu.
authors.forename: Julia Xiaojun
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006367:HeLa Cells; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D010316:Particle Size; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D011379:Prognosis; D045663:Quantum Dots; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015415:Biomarkers; D010455:Peptides; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
keywords: Multifunctional; Silica nanoparticles; Tumor diagnosis; Tumor therapy
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