title: Preventing urinary incontinence in women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review examines the evidence to date, analyzes specific risk factors and assesses the ability to prevent urinary incontinence in women, while providing clinical recommendations. More extraordinary risk factors such as ethnicity and race, mixed and fecal incontinence, iatrogenic and neurogenic factors should be discussed in a follow-up report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies have revealed that certain factors place women at risk for developing urinary incontinence, including age, obesity, diabetes, pregnancy and delivery, high-impact physical exercise factors and estrogen deficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Healthcare providers should screen women who are at risk for developing urinary incontinence and institute specific interventions, specifically behavioral and even rehabilitative techniques, to prevent this prevalent and distressing condition.
authors.affiliation: Invitation from Dr Narender Bhatia, Professor of OB/GYN at David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and the Chief of the Division of Urogynecology, the Department of OB/GYN at Harbor/UCLA Medical Center, University of California at Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Diane K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cardozo
authors.forename: Karl-Dietrich
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Sievert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004032:Diet; D004967:Estrogens / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015444:Exercise; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000503:physiopathology; D011181:Postnatal Care / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens