title: FACE-R--a 3D database of 400 living individuals' full head CT- and face scans and preliminary GMM analysis for craniofacial reconstruction.
abstract: In the past, improvements in craniofacial reconstructions (CFR) methodology languished due to the lack of adequate 3D databases that were sufficiently large and appropriate for 3-dimensional shape statistics. In our study, we created the "FACE-R" database from CT records and 3D surface scans of 400 clinical patients from Hungary, providing a significantly larger sample that was available before. The uniqueness of our database is linking of two data types that makes possible to investigate the bone and skin surface of the same individual, in upright position, thus eliminating many of the gravitational effects on the face during CT scanning. We performed a preliminary geometric morphometric (GMM) study using 3D data that produces a general idea of skull and face shape correlations. The vertical position of the tip of the (soft) nose for a skull and landmarks such as rhinion need to be taken into account. Likewise, the anterior nasal spine appears to exert some influence in this regard.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Ludovika tér 2., H-1083 Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kustár
authors.forename: Laszlo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forró
authors.forename: Ildiko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kalina
authors.forename: Ferenc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fazekas
authors.forename: Szabolcs
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honti
authors.forename: Szabolcs
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makra
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friess
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005145:Face / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D018732:Forensic Anthropology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012984:Software; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: 3D database; computer tomography; forensic craniofacial reconstruction; forensic science; geometric morphometrics; soft- and hard tissue covariation; surface scanning