title: Niflumic acid reduces histamine-induced interleukin-6 and -8 expression in human conjunctival epithelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Histamine remains the main mediator of allergic conjunctivitis and induces interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production in human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCEC). The purpose of the present study was to determine whether histamine induced IL-6 and IL-8 expression in HCEC, and to describe the relationship between human calcium-activated chloride channel (hCLCA) 1 activity and IL-6 and IL-8 expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  HCEC were isolated from human conjunctiva and cultured at an air-liquid interface. IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression was examined by real-time PCR, and IL-6 and IL-8 secretion was measured by ELISA after stimulation of HCEC with histamine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histamine upregulated IL-6 and IL-8 expression and IL-6 and IL-8 secretion in a dose-dependent manner in HCEC. Niflumic acid (NFA), an hCLCA blocker, reduced histamine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histamine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production could be attenuated by NFA, an hCLCA blocker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Kyu Yeon
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: So-Hyang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017442:Histamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D009544:Niflumic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D017442:Histamine Agonists; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D009544:Niflumic Acid; D006632:Histamine