title: Metabolic profiling directly from the Petri dish using nanospray desorption electrospray ionization imaging mass spectrometry.
abstract: Understanding molecular interaction pathways in complex biological systems constitutes a treasure trove of knowledge that might facilitate the specific, chemical manipulation of the countless microbiological systems that occur throughout our world. However, there is a lack of methodologies that allow the direct investigation of chemical gradients and interactions in living biological systems, in real time. Here, we report the use of nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nanoDESI) imaging mass spectrometry for in vivo metabolic profiling of living bacterial colonies directly from the Petri dish with absolutely no sample preparation needed. Using this technique, we investigated single colonies of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, Bacillus subtilis 3610, and Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) as well as a mixed biofilm of S. oneidensis MR-1 and B. subtilis 3610. Data from B. subtilis 3610 and S. coelicolor A3(2) provided a means of validation for the method while data from S. oneidensis MR-1 and the mixed biofilm showed a wide range of compounds that this bacterium uses for the dissimilatory reduction of extracellular metal oxides, including riboflavin, iron-bound heme and heme biosynthetic intermediates, and the siderophore putrebactin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California, 92037 United States.
authors.forename: Jeramie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watrous
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roach
authors.forename: Brandi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alexandrov
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laskin
authors.forename: Pieter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Dorrestein
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000378:metabolism; D018441:Biofilms; D036103:Nanotechnology; D020592:Shewanella / Q000378:metabolism; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D048372:Streptomyces coelicolor / Q000378:metabolism
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