title: Growth and function in childhood of a normal solitary kidney from birth or from early infancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children with a solitary kidney (SK) have an increased long-term risk of hypertension, albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis. In this study, we assessed the early signs of impaired glomerular filtration in children with a SK from birth or from early infancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal growth and function at ages 4-15.5 years were studied in 38 children with SK and 40 matched control subjects in terms of accelerated growth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The systolic/diastolic blood pressure Z-scores (p = 0.01/<0.05) and the resistance index (RI) of the arcuate arteries (p = 0.05) were higher in the children with SK. Creatinine clearance and 24-h protein and albumin urinary excretion showed no difference. All but seven children with SK had 99mTc diethylene-triamine pentaacetic acid glomerular filtration rate values of >80 ml/min/1.73 m(2). An independent positive correlation was found between length of the follow-up time and 24-h albumin urinary excretion (β = 0.54, p < 0.01). Accelerated postnatal growth was positively related with kidney volume (β = 0.35, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among our patient cohort, renal function was well preserved at ages 4-15.5 years in children who were born with a SK. However, both their higher blood pressure and RI and the correlation of 24-h albumin urinary excretion with length of follow-up time underline the need for monitoring to detect early signs of glomerular hyperfiltration and, if necessary, implement timely intervention. SK hypertrophy was found to be correlated with postnatal growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchos Avenue, 45500, Ioannina, Greece, eksiomou@yahoo.gr.
authors.forename: Ekaterini
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Siomou
authors.forename: Vasileios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Giapros
authors.forename: Frederica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Papadopoulou
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pavlou
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fotopoulos
authors.forename: Antigoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siamopoulou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male
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