title: Exploring the impact of dysfunctional posttraumatic survival responses on crime revictimization.
abstract: This study investigated the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and repeat victimization across crime types in survivors of traumatic interpersonal violence. An evolutionary psychological perspective was adopted to propose that symptoms of hyperarousal (particularly hypervigilance, exaggerated startle response, and irritability or outbursts of anger) and numbing predict revictimization. These symptoms may act as manifestations of dysfunctional survival responses. Survival responses are adaptive in life-threatening situations but may work counter-productive in the absence of immediate threat. Participants were recruited through the Dutch Victim Compensation Fund (DVCF; N = 233). PTSD symptomatology was assessed between October and December 2007. Revictimization was measured 6 months later. Results were partly in line with expectations. Exaggerated startle response and symptoms of irritability or outbursts of anger but not hypervigilance and numbing were related to revictimization.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Law, Institute for Criminal Law and Criminology, Leiden University, The Netherlands. m.j.j.kunst@law.leidenuniv.nl
authors.forename: Maarten Jacob Johannes
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kunst
authors.forename: Frans Willem
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Winkel
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology*; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012934:Social Isolation; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult