title: A new cryptic species of South American freshwater pufferfish of the genus Colomesus (Tetraodontidae), based on both morphology and DNA data.
abstract: The Tetraodontidae are an Acantomorpha fish family with circumglobal distribution composed of 189 species grouped in 19 genera, occurring in seas, estuaries, and rivers between the tropical and temperate regions. Of these, the genus Colomesus is confined to South America, with what have been up to now considered only two species. C. asellus is spread over the entire Amazon, Tocantins-Araguaia drainages, and coastal environments from the Amazon mouth to Venezuela, and is the only freshwater puffers on that continent. C. psittacus is found in coastal marine and brackish water environments from Cuba to the northern coast of South America as far south as to Sergipe in Brazil. In the present contribution we used morphological data along with molecular systematics techniques to investigate the phylogeny and phylogeography of the freshwater pufferfishes of the genus Colomesus. The molecular part is based on a cytochrome C oxidase subunit I dataset constructed from both previously published and newly determined sequences, obtained from specimens collected from three distinct localities in South America. Our results from both molecular and morphological approaches enable us to identify and describe a new Colomesus species from the Tocantins River. We also discuss aspects of the historical biogeography and phylogeography of the South American freshwater pufferfishes, suggesting that it could be more recent than previously expected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Department of Ecology, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cesar R L
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Amaral
authors.forename: Paulo M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.forename: Dayse A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Elizeu F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D010568:Peru; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D045483:Rivers; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity; D023721:Tetraodontiformes / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D021122:Protein Subunits; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009;4(2):e4379
references.pmid: 19194495
references.citation: J Mol Evol. 1980 Dec;16(2):111-20
references.pmid: 7463489
references.citation: PLoS One. 2011 Feb 25;6(2):e17410
references.pmid: 21364898
references.citation: Mol Ecol. 2007 May;16(10):2115-36
references.pmid: 17498236
references.citation: PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28655
references.pmid: 22174860
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2005 Oct 29;360(1462):1879-88
references.pmid: 16214745
references.citation: J Food Prot. 2009 Apr;72(4):810-7
references.pmid: 19435231
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2005 Oct 29;360(1462):1847-57
references.pmid: 16214743
references.citation: Proc Biol Sci. 2003 Feb 7;270(1512):313-21
references.pmid: 12614582
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2011 Oct;28(10):2731-9
references.pmid: 21546353
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2005 Oct 29;360(1462):1835-45
references.pmid: 16214742
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Aug 4;106(31):12794-7
references.pmid: 19666622
references.citation: Mol Ecol Resour. 2009 May;9 Suppl s1:iv-vi
references.pmid: 21564959
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2004 Oct;2(10):e312
references.pmid: 15455034
references.citation: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2008 Oct;49(1):32-43
references.pmid: 18762435
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009 Nov 18;4(11):e7866
references.pmid: 19924239
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Dec 15;25(24):4876-82
references.pmid: 9396791
references.citation: Mol Ecol Resour. 2008 May;8(3):471-9
references.pmid: 21585824
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e28381
references.pmid: 22276096
references.citation: J Evol Biol. 2013 May;26(5):1003-18
references.pmid: 23496826
references.citation: Proc Biol Sci. 2003 Aug 7;270 Suppl 1:S96-9
references.pmid: 12952648
references.citation: Mol Ecol Resour. 2009 Sep;9(5):1302-10
references.pmid: 21564901
references.citation: Science. 1995 Jul 21;269(5222):361-2
references.pmid: 17841255
references.citation: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2007 Jun;43(3):986-98
references.pmid: 17185005
references.citation: Biol Lett. 2010 Oct 23;6(5):692-5
references.pmid: 20410032
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jan 24;103(4):968-71
references.pmid: 16418261
references.citation: J Fish Biol. 2010 Jun;76(10):2571-7
references.pmid: 20557609
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 8;103(32):12115-20
references.pmid: 16880384
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Mar 20;104(12):4967-72
references.pmid: 17360352
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009 Jul 21;4(7):e6300
references.pmid: 19621079