title: In vivo examination of the genotoxicity of the urban air and surface soil pollutant, 3,6-dinitrobenzo[e]pyrene, with intraperitoneal and intratracheal administration.
abstract: 3,6-Dinitrobenzo[e]pyrene (3,6-DNBeP) was identified as a new potent mutagen toward Salmonella strains in surface soil and airborne particles. Because data of in vivo examination of the genotoxicity of 3,6-DNBeP are limited, micronucleus test was performed in peripheral blood and bone marrow, and comet assay in the lungs of mice treated with 3,6-DNBeP. In male ICR mice intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with 3,6-DNBeP, the frequency of micronuclated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) was increased in the peripheral blood and bone marrow after 24 h in a dose-dependent manner. Compared to controls, the highest dose of 3,6-DNBeP (40 mg/kg B.W.) induced 7.3- and 8.7-fold increases of MNPCE frequency in the peripheral blood and bone marrow, respectively. Furthermore, when 3,6-DNBeP was intratracheally (i.t.) instilled to male ICR mice, 3,6-DNBeP at the highest dose of 0.1 mg/kg body exhibited 3.1-fold increase of DNA tail moment in the lungs at 3 h after the instillation compared to controls. The values of DNA tail moment at 9 and 24 h after the instillation were increased up to 3.5 and 4.2-fold, respectively. These data indicate that 3,6-DNBeP is genotoxic to mammalians in in vivo and suggest that 3,6-DNBeP may be a carcinogenic compound present in the human environment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Hygiene, Graduate School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Cancer Prevention Basic Research Project, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Totsuka
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasei
authors.forename: Tetsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Naohide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kinae
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masuda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C068923:3,6-dinitrobenzopyrene; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene
keywords: 3,6-dinitrobenzo[e]pyrene; genotoxicity; intratracheal instillation; nitro-PAHs; surface soil