title: Hereditary features, treatment, and prognosis of the lipoprotein glomerulopathy in patients with the APOE Kyoto mutation.
abstract: Lipoprotein glomerulopathy is a rare inherited renal disease, caused by mutation of the APOE gene, characterized by proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome with elevated serum apoE. Since its treatment and outcome are unknown, we retrospectively studied 35 patients within 31 unrelated Han families with biopsy-proven lipoprotein glomerulopathy residing in the same county in southwest China. DNA sequencing detected the APOE Kyoto mutation (p. Arg25Cys) in all patients and 28 asymptomatic relatives. All shared the same ɛ3 allele. The patients presented with proteinuria, higher total triglyceride, and serum apoE levels relative to non-carriers. The serum apoE and triglyceride levels of asymptomatic carriers were between those of the patients and non-carriers. Sixteen patients received fenofibrate treatment for over 12 months. Six reached complete remission (proteinuria under 0.3 g/day with stable serum creatinine) with intensive control of their lipid profile (normalized serum apoE and triglycerides under 100 mg/dl). Eight reached partial remission. At 3 years of follow-up, patients treated with fenofibrate had superior survival and stable renal function. Thus, fenofibrate can induce lipoprotein glomerulopathy remission and the fibrate effects depend on the degree of lipid control and baseline proteinuria. Moreover, normalization of serum apoE and triglycerides can be used to judge the efficacy of lipid-lowering treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Zhangxue
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Songmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China [2] Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Yunqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xiuhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Ziying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Sizhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D053329:Apolipoprotein E2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D011345:Fenofibrate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D040941:Heredity; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000235:genetics; D012074:Remission Induction; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D053329:Apolipoprotein E2; D015415:Biomarkers; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; C504713:apolipoprotein E2 (Kyoto); D003404:Creatinine; D011345:Fenofibrate