title: Oxygen-vacancy-induced antiferromagnetism to ferromagnetism transformation in Eu₀.₅Ba₀.₅TiO₃₋δ multiferroic thin films.
abstract: Oxygen vacancies (V(O)) effects on magnetic ordering in Eu₀.₅Ba₀.₅TiO₃₋δ (EBTO₃₋δ) thin films have been investigated using a combination of experimental measurements and first-principles density-functional calculations. Two kinds of EBTO₃₋δ thin films with different oxygen deficiency have been fabricated. A nuclear resonance backscattering spectrometry technique has been used to quantitatively measure contents of the V(O). Eu₀.₅Ba₀.₅TiO₃ ceramics have been known to exhibit ferroelectric (FE) and G-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) properties. While, a ferromagnetic (FM) behavior with a Curie temperature of 1.85 K has been found in the EBTO₃₋δ thin films. Spin-polarized Ti(3+) ions, which originated from the V(O), has been proven to mediate a FM coupling between the local Eu 4f spins and were believed to be responsible for the great change of the magnetic ordering. Considering the easy formation of V(O), our work opens up a new avenue for achieving co-existence of FM and FE orders in oxide materials.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Run
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rujun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Joo Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Tianyi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Haizhong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Langsheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pi
authors.forename: Kuijuan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Yuheng
authors.initials: Y
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authors.forename: Haiyan
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authors.forename: Yongqiang
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authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
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