title: Evaluation of sensorial, phytochemical and biological properties of new isotonic beverages enriched with lemon and berries during shelf life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this work was to design new isotonic drinks with lemon juice and berries: maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz), açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.), following previous research. Quality parameters, sensorial attributes, antioxidant activities (ABTS(+), DPPH(•) and O2(•-) assays) and biological capacities (α-glucosidase and lipase inhibitory assays) were evaluated over 70 days of shelf-life period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maqui isotonic blends were the most active in all antioxidant assays (8.35 and 3.07 mmol L(-1) Trolox for ABTS(+) and DPPH(•)), in the lipase inhibitory assay (43.19 U L(-1)), and showed the highest total phenol content by the Folin-Ciocalteu test (80.97 mg 100 mL(-1) gallic acid), as a result of its higher content of total anthocyanins (42.42 mg 100 mL(-1)). Berry mixtures were also the most potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase between all samples, and displayed an attractive red colour and good sensorial attributes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All the studied parameters remained quite stable during preservation, in general, and the new isotonic drinks can be useful to equilibrate redox balance in acute and intense exercise, and support weight loss programmes, avoiding triglyceride absorption and hyperglycaemia involved in obesity and diabetes mellitus, respectively. Further research in vivo is necessary to verify their beneficial effects for sports, nutrition and health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, E-30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Amadeo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gironés-Vilaplana
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mena
authors.forename: Diego A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: García-Viguera
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028023:Arecaceae; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D003116:Color; D004032:Diet; D045467:Elaeocarpaceae; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008049:Lipase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009812:Odorants; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027861:Prunus; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D010636:Phenols; D008049:Lipase
keywords: berries; citrus; diabetes mellitus; isotonic drinks; obesity; storage