title: Resident training in single-incision compared with traditional cholecystectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As attending surgeons' comfort with single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) grows, and with continued improvement in surgical instruments, advanced laparoscopic techniques are increasingly being incorporated into surgical training. The aim of our study was to evaluate resident performance and patient outcomes in patients undergoing resident-performed SILS versus a resident-performed traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case-control study of 80 patients undergoing elective surgical intervention with a resident-performed SILS (n = 20) or a resident-performed traditional LC (n = 60) for gallbladder disease over a 15-month period was performed. Surgical indications, common perioperative variables, complications, and length of stay were reviewed, and all variables were evaluated for statistical significance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median operative times were similar for the resident-performed SILS cohort and the resident-performed traditional LC cohort (70.0 minutes and 66.0 minutes, respectively; P = .54). There were no complications in either the resident-performed SILS or resident-performed traditional LC groups. There was no difference in mean length of hospital stay between the resident-performed SILS group and resident-performed traditional LC group (0.95 days and 1.10 days, respectively; P = .50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data strongly support the ability to train senior residents to complete a SILS technique safely and with the same efficacy as with traditional LC.
authors.affiliation: Departments of General Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1635 West Harrison, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Shaun_Daly@rush.edu.
authors.forename: Shaun C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hooper
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rinewalt
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Keith W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Millikan
authors.forename: Minh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000193:education*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000193:education*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D005260:Female; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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