title: The complete mitochondrial genome of the sycamore lace bug Corythucha ciliata (Hemiptera: Tingidae).
abstract: The complete mitochondrial genome of the sycamore lace bug, Corythucha ciliata, was sequenced in this study. It represents the first sequenced mitogenome of family Tingidae in Heteroptera. The mitogenome of C. ciliata is 15,257bp and contains 37 genes including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes and a large non-coding region. Gene arrangement, nucleotide content, codon usage, and amino acid composition and asymmetry indicate a high degree of conservation with six other species of Cimicomorpha. The 13 PCGs initiated with ATN as the start codon and terminated with TAA, TA or T as stop codon. The evolutionary rate of each PCG was different, among which ATP8 showed the highest rate while ATP6 indicated the lowest rate. The 22 tRNAs genes apparently fold into a typical cloverleaf structure; however, the anticodon (TTC) of trnSer (AGN) differs from other Heteropteran insects. Secondary structure modeling of rRNA genes revealed similarity to other insects, except for two incomplete helices (H1648 and H2735) in lrRNA. The predicted secondary structure of lrRNA indicates 45 helices in six domains, whereas srRNA has 27 helices in three domains. Three potential stem-loops and two tandem repeats (-TCTAAT-) were identified in the A+T-rich region. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that C. ciliata is a sister group to other Heteroptera species based on analysis of the 13 PCGs.
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
authors.forename: Wenyan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yuzhou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003062:Codon; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D049750:Genome, Insect; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000235:genetics; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000235:genetics*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010802:Phylogeny; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D019476:Insect Proteins; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012343:RNA, Transfer
keywords: ATP6 and ATP8; COI-III; CR; Corythucha ciliata; CytB; Mitochondrial genome; ND1-6 and ND4L; PCG(s); PCR; Phylogenetic relationship; base pair(s); bp; control region; gene encoding for cytochrome oxidase b; genes encoding for ATP synthase subunits 6 and 8; genes encoding for NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1–6 and 4L; genes encoding for cytochrome c oxidase subunits I-III; large and small subunits of ribosomal RNA; lrRNA and srRNA; mitochondrial DNA; mtDNA; polymerase chain reaction; protein coding gene(s); tRNA(s); transfer RNA (genes)