title: HBV endemicity in Mexico is associated with HBV genotypes H and G.
abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes have distinct genetic and geographic diversity and may be associated with specific clinical characteristics, progression, severity of disease and antiviral response. Herein, we provide an updated overview of the endemicity of HBV genotypes H and G in Mexico. HBV genotype H is predominant among the Mexican population, but not in Central America. Its geographic distribution is related to a typical endemicity among the Mexicans which is characterized by a low hepatitis B surface antigen seroprevalence, apparently due to a rapid resolution of the infection, low viral loads and a high prevalence of occult B infection. During chronic infections, genotype H is detected in mixtures with other HBV genotypes and associated with other co-morbidities, such as obesity, alcoholism and co-infection with hepatitis C virus or human immunodeficiency virus. Hepatocellular carcinoma prevalence is low. Thus, antiviral therapy may differ significantly from the standard guidelines established worldwide. The high prevalence of HBV genotype G in the Americas, especially among the Mexican population, raises new questions regarding its geographic origin that will require further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Sonia Roman, Arturo Panduro, Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", and Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roman
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panduro
mesh_terms: D005838:Genotype; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology
keywords: Antiviral therapy; Clinical outcome; Hepatitis B virus genotype G; Hepatitis B virus genotype H; Hepatitis B virus genotypes; Mexico; Molecular epidemiology; Severity of liver disease
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