title: Responsiveness to change for the Brazilian Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5-year-old children (SOHO-5).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The responsiveness of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) instruments has become relevant, given the increasing tendency to use OHRQoL measures as outcomes in clinical trials and evaluations studies. The purpose of this study was to assess the responsiveness of the Brazilian Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5-year-old children (SOHO-5) to dental treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fifty-four children and their parents completed the child self- and parental' reports of the SOHO-5 prior to treatment and 7 to 14 days after the completion of treatment. The post-treatment questionnaire also included a global transition judgment that assessed subject's perceptions of change in their oral health following treatment. Change scores were calculated by subtracting post-treatment SOHO-5 scores from pre-treatment scores. Longitudinal construct validity was assessed by using one-way analysis of variance to examine the association between change scores and the global transition judgments. Measures of responsiveness included standardized effect sizes (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The improvement of children's oral health after treatment are reflected in mean pre- and post-treatment SOHO-5 scores that declined from 2.67 to 0.61 (p<0.001) for the child-self reports, and 4.04 to 0.71 (p<0.001) for the parental reports. Mean change scores showed a gradient in the expected direction across categories of the global transition judgment, and there were significant differences in the pre- and post-treatment scores of those who reported improving a little (p<0.05) and those who reported improving a lot (p<0.001). For both versions, the ES and SRM based on change scores mean for total scores and for categories of global transitions judgments were moderate to large.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Brazilian SOHO-5 is responsive to change and can be used as an outcome indicator in future clinical trials. Both the parental and the child versions presented satisfactory results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av, Lineu Prestes 2227, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. jennyaa@usp.br.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abanto
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tsakos
authors.forename: Thiago Machado
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Ardenghi
authors.forename: Saul Martins
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.forename: Daniela Prócida
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Raggio
authors.forename: Aubrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sheiham
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bönecker
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019140:Dental Care for Children / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D009909:Oral Health; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057566:Self Report; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile
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