title: Technical accuracy of printed surgical templates for guided implant surgery with the coDiagnostiX ™ software.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Printing of templates for guided surgery represents an alternative to laboratory manufactured templates.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the technical accuracy of a virtually designed and printed surgical template for guided implant surgery based on a surface scan of a cast model using the coDiagnostiX™ software.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cast models and the virtual planning data of nine patients receiving guided implant surgery with the coDiagnostiX software were analyzed. The original cast models were equipped with three titanium pins and scanned with a three-dimensional scanner. The scans were uploaded in the coDiagnostiX software and the virtual surgical templates were designed including the sleeves at their original positions. After printing the surgical templates, the sleeve positions were determined by optical scanning, and deviations were calculated and compared with the virtual positions of the sleeves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sleeves showed a mean three-dimensional deviation of 0.22 mm (range: 0.07-0.38 mm) in the center of the sleeve top, 0.24 mm (range: 0.08-0.36 mm) in the center of the sleeve bases and a mean angular deviation of 1.5° (range: 0.4°-3.3°) compared with the virtual positions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high accuracy can be achieved using printed templates for guided implant surgery, by taking into account all sources of inaccuracies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Radiology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kühl
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Payer
authors.forename: Nicola Ursula
authors.initials: NU
authors.lastname: Zitzmann
authors.forename: Jörg Thomas
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lambrecht
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filippi
mesh_terms: D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D003765:Models, Dental; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012984:Software; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013812:Therapeutics
keywords: accuracy; computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology; implantology; stereo lithography