title: Flavonoid rutin increases thyroid iodide uptake in rats.
abstract: Thyroid iodide uptake through the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) is not only an essential step for thyroid hormones biosynthesis, but also fundamental for the diagnosis and treatment of different thyroid diseases. However, part of patients with thyroid cancer is refractory to radioiodine therapy, due to reduced ability to uptake iodide, which greatly reduces the chances of survival. Therefore, compounds able to increase thyroid iodide uptake are of great interest. It has been shown that some flavonoids are able to increase iodide uptake and NIS expression in vitro, however, data in vivo are lacking. Flavonoids are polyhydroxyphenolic compounds, found in vegetables present in human diet, and have been shown not only to modulate NIS, but also thyroperoxidase (TPO), the key enzyme in thyroid hormones biosynthesis, besides having antiproliferative effect in thyroid cancer cell lines. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of some flavonoids on thyroid iodide uptake in Wistar rats in vivo. Among the flavonoids tested, rutin was the only one able to increase thyroid iodide uptake, so we decided to evaluate the effect of this flavonoid on some aspects of thyroid hormones synthesis and metabolism. Rutin led to a slight reduction of serum T4 and T3 without changes in serum thyrotropin (TSH), and significantly increased hypothalamic, pituitary and brown adipose tissue type 2 deiodinase and decreased liver type 1 deiodinase activities. Moreover, rutin treatment increased thyroid iodide uptake probably due to the increment of NIS expression, which might be secondary to increased response to TSH, since TSH receptor expression was increased. Thus, rutin might be useful as an adjuvant in radioiodine therapy, since this flavonoid increased thyroid iodide uptake without greatly affecting thyroid function.
authors.forename: Carlos Frederico Lima
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carlos Frederico
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Lima Gonçalves
authors.forename: Maria Carolina de Souza dos
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Maria Carolina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: de Souza dos Santos
authors.forename: Maria Gloria
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ginabreda
authors.forename: Rodrigo Soares
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Fortunato
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soares Fortunato
authors.forename: Denise Pires de
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pires de Carvalho
authors.forename: Andrea Claudia
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Freitas Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D007454:Iodides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012431:Rutin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027981:Symporters / Q000378:metabolism; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
chemical_list: D007454:Iodides; D012431:Rutin; D027981:Symporters; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D013972:Thyrotropin; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
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