title: Molecular and histological identification of Marteilioides infection in Suminoe Oyster Crassostrea ariakensis, Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum and Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas on the south coast of Korea.
abstract: The oyster ovarian parasite Marteilioides chungmuensis has been reported from Korea and Japan, damaging the oyster industries. Recently, Marteilioides-like organisms have been identified in other commercially important marine bivalves. In this study, we surveyed Marteilioides infection in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, Suminoe oyster Crassostrea ariakensis, and Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, using histology and Marteilioides-specific small subunit (SSU) rDNA PCR. The SSU rDNA sequence of M. chungmuensis (1716 bp) isolated from C. gigas in Tongyoung bay was 99.9% similar to that of M. chungmuensis reported in Japan. Inclusions of multi-nucleated bodies in the oocytes, typical of Marteilioides infection, were identified for the first time in Suminoe oysters. The SSU rDNA sequence of a Marteilioides-like organism isolated from Suminoe oysters was 99.9% similar to that of M. chungmuensis. Marteilioides sp. was also observed from 7 Manila clams of 1840 individuals examined, and the DNA sequences of which were 98.2% similar to the known sequence of M. chungmuensis. Unlike Marteilioides infection of Pacific oysters, no remarkable pathological symptoms, such as large multiple lumps on the mantle, were observed in infected Suminoe oysters or Manila clams. Distribution of the infected Manila clams, Suminoe oysters and Pacific oysters was limited to small bays on the south coast, suggesting that the southern coast is the enzootic area of Marteilioides infection.
authors.forename: Yanin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Limpanont
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Biomedical Science (BK21 PLUS), Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakno, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Rd., Rajthevi, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Limpanont
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yanin
authors.forename: Hyun-Sil
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hyun-Ki
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hee-Do
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Jeung
authors.forename: Bong-Kyu
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Thanh Cuong
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Young-Ok
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwang-Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000469:parasitology*; D056907:Cercozoa / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000737:chemistry; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry; D007723:Korea; D010125:Ostreidae / Q000469:parasitology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal
keywords: Crassostrea ariakensis; Crassostrea gigas; Marteilioides chungmuensis; Nested PCR; Ruditapes philippinarum; SSU rDNA