title: Echovirus 6 associated to aseptic meningitis outbreak, in São Joaquim da Barra, São Paulo, Brazil.
abstract: An aseptic meningitis outbreak occurred during a period from February to May 2004 in São Joaquim da Barra, a town in the northern region of São Paulo State. A total of 40 cases were reported to the Epidemiological Surveillance Center of São Paulo State. Cerebrospinal fluid samples obtained from 23 patients were sent to the Adolfo Lutz Institute for isolation of the virus. These samples were inoculated into RD, HEp2 and Vero cell lineages and those presenting a cytopathogenic effect were selected for analysis by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), neutralization testing (Nt) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cytopathogenic effects were observed in 52.2% (12/23) of these samples. All isolated viruses were identified as human enterovirus by IFA and RT-PCR and echovirus 6 was typed by IFA and Nt. Our results confirmed the participation and importance of echovirus as the etiological agent responsible for this outbreak and the serotype diversity of human enteroviruses circulating in São Paulo State.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Vírus Entéricos, Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo, SP , Brasil.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luchs
authors.forename: Denise Hage
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cilli
authors.forename: Fernanda Faria
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Simone Guadagnucci
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Morillo
authors.forename: Bráulio Caetano
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Alessandra Cristina Guedes
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pellini
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Cássia Compagnoli Carmona
authors.forename: Maria do Carmo Sampaio Tavares
authors.initials: Mdo C
authors.lastname: Timenetsky
keywords: Enterovirus surveillance; aseptic meningitis; echovirus 6
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Dec;69(12):7181-7
references.pmid: 14660364
references.citation: Arch Fam Med. 2000 Sep-Oct;9(9):913-20
references.pmid: 11031400
references.citation: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2002 Mar-Apr;35(2):159-65
references.pmid: 12011925
references.citation: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2003 Mar;22(3):191-3
references.pmid: 12649719
references.citation: J Med Virol. 2006 Jan;78(1):98-104
references.pmid: 16299728
references.citation: Am J Dis Child. 1981 Nov;135(11):1009-12
references.pmid: 7294004
references.citation: Acta Neurol Scand. 1987 May;75(5):346-51
references.pmid: 3039780
references.citation: Clin Diagn Virol. 1995 Jan;3(1):83-93
references.pmid: 15566790
references.citation: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002 Nov 22;51(46):1047-9
references.pmid: 12487527
references.citation: J Med Microbiol. 2006 Aug;55(Pt 8):1035-1041
references.pmid: 16849723
references.citation: Scand J Infect Dis. 1999;31(6):539-42
references.pmid: 10680981
references.citation: J Immunol. 1960 Mar;84:309-17
references.pmid: 14416964
references.citation: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2005 Sep-Oct;38(5):391-5
references.pmid: 16172753
references.citation: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004 Aug 13;53(31):710-3
references.pmid: 15306755
references.citation: J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Mar;42(3):963-71
references.pmid: 15004039
references.citation: J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Mar;28(3):438-42
references.pmid: 2157735
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 2006 Jan;87(Pt 1):119-128
references.pmid: 16361424
references.citation: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2001 Nov-Dec;43(6):321-4
references.pmid: 11781601
references.citation: MMWR Surveill Summ. 2006 Sep 15;55(8):1-20
references.pmid: 16971890
references.citation: J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Jan;30(1):160-5
references.pmid: 1370845
references.citation: Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63(3):543-50
references.pmid: 2994900
references.citation: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003 Aug 15;52(32):761-4
references.pmid: 12917581
references.citation: Epidemiol Infect. 1996 Dec;117(3):507-12
references.pmid: 8972676