title: Field detection of Tembusu virus in western Thailand by rt-PCR and vector competence determination of select culex mosquitoes for transmission of the virus.
abstract: Tembusu virus (TMUV; Ntaya serocomplex) was detected in two pools of mosquitoes captured near Sangkhlaburi, Thailand, as well as from sera from sentinel ducks from the same area. Although TMUV has been isolated from several mosquito species in Asia, no studies have ever shown competent vectors for this virus. Therefore, we allowed mosquitoes captured near Sangkhlaburi to feed on young chickens that had been infected with TMUV. These mosquitoes were tested approximately 2 weeks later to determine infection, dissemination, and transmission rates. Culex vishnui developed high viral titers after feeding on TMUV-infected chicks and readily transmitted virus to naïve chickens. In contrast, Cx. fuscocephala seemed less susceptible to infection, and more importantly, zero of five fuscocephala with a disseminated infection transmitted virus by bite, indicating a salivary gland barrier. These results provide evidence for the involvement of Culex mosquitoes in the transmission of TMUV in the environment.
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland; Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Monica L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: O'Guinn
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Turell
authors.forename: Ampornpan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kengluecha
authors.forename: Boonsong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jaichapor
authors.forename: Prasan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kankaew
authors.forename: R Scott
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Timothy P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Endy
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Russell E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology*; D003465:Culex / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004199:Disease Vectors; D004372:Ducks / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D005416:Flavivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D018177:Flavivirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000821:virology; D013045:Species Specificity; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
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