title: Simulated estimates of pre-pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus in the US: 1980 to 2008.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To simulate national estimates of prepregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in non-Hispanic white (NHW) and non-Hispanic black (NHB) women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prepregnancy diabetes and GDM were estimated as a function of age, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI) using South Carolina live singleton births from 2004-2008. Diabetes risk was applied to a simulated population. Age, natality and BMI were assigned to women according to race- and age-specific US Census, Natality and National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) data, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 1980-2008, estimated GDM prevalence increased from 4.11% to 6.80% [2.68% (95% CI 2.58%-2.78%)] and from 3.96% to 6.43% [2.47% (95% CI 2.39%-2.55%)] in NHW and NHB women, respectively. In NHW women prepregnancy diabetes prevalence increased 0.90% (95% CI 0.85%-0.95%) from 0.95% in 1980 to 1.85% in 2008. In NHB women from 1980 through 2008 estimated prepregnancy diabetes prevalence increased 1.51% (95% CI 1.44%-1.57%), from 1.66% to 3.16%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Racial disparities in diabetes prevalence during pregnancy appear to stem from a higher prevalence of prepregnancy diabetes, but not GDM, in NHB than NHW.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Maria E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Mayorga
authors.forename: Odette S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Reifsnider
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Neyens
authors.forename: Mulugeta G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Gebregziabher
authors.forename: Kelly J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hunt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult; D001741:Black or African American
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