title: Developmental cycle and host interaction of Rhabdochlamydia porcellionis, an intracellular parasite of terrestrial isopods.
abstract: Environmental chlamydiae are a diverse group of obligate intracellular bacteria related to well-known pathogens of humans. To date, only very little is known about chlamydial species infecting arthropods. In this study, we used cocultivation with insect cells for recovery and maintenance of Rhabdochlamydia porcellionis, a parasite of the crustacean host Porcellio scaber. In vitro, the infection cycle of R. porcellionis was completed within 7 days, resulting in the release of infectious particles by host cell lysis. Lack of apoptosis induction during the entire course of infection, combined with a reduced sensitivity of infected cultures to experimentally induced programmed cell death, indicates that R. porcellionis like its human pathogenic relatives counteracts this host defence mechanism. Interestingly, the rod-shaped variant of R. porcellionis, proposed to represent their mature infective stage, was not detected in cell culture, suggesting that its development may require prolonged maturation or may be triggered by specific conditions encountered only in the animal host. This first cell culture-based system for the cultivation and investigation of an arthropod-associated chlamydial species will help to better understand the biology of a so far neglected group of chlamydiae and its recently suggested potential to cause disease in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Barbara S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Sixt
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Rok
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kostanjšek
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Azra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mustedanagic
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Elena R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Toenshoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horn
mesh_terms: D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002695:Chlamydiales / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003593:Cytoplasm; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007313:Insecta / Q000382:microbiology; D033321:Isopoda / Q000382:microbiology*