title: NRAMP1, VDR, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DQB1 gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to tuberculosis among the Chinese Kazakh population: a case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To explore the potential role of natural-resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene, vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, (human leukocyte antigen, (HLA-DRB1) HLA)-DRB1 gene, and HLA-DQB1 gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) in the Chinese Kazakh population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was performed on the Chinese Kazak population. Genetic polymorphisms of NRAMP1 gene (3'UTR) and VDR gene (TaqI and FokI) were analysed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing analysis in TB patients and healthy controls. Genetic polymorphisms of HLA-DRB1 gene and HLA-DQB1 gene in the two groups were detected with polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSPs) technique and sequencing analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was statistically significant difference in the 3'UTR polymorphism between the TB patients and healthy controls in the Chinese Kazak population (P = 0.002; OR = 1.859; 95% CI = 1.182-2.926). Significant difference was observed in the FokI polymorphism between the TB patients and healthy controls (P = 0.001; OR = 1.530; 95% CI = 1.007-2.325). It does not disclose any significant association between the disease and TaqI (P > 0.05). Alleles HLA-DRB1*04 and HLA-DQB1*0201 occurred more frequently in patients than in controls (P = 0.011 and 0.002; OR = 1.889 and 1.802; 95% CI = 1.153-3.095 and 1.230-2.639, resp.).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymorphisms in the NRAMP1 gene, VDR gene, HLA-DRB1 gene, and HLA-DQB1 gene are statistically associated with susceptibility to TB in the Chinese Kazakh population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China ; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases Cooperated by Education Ministry with Xinjiang Province, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wanjiang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jiangdong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chunzhu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xianjie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000099173:Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein 1
chemical_list: D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D000099173:Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein 1; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen; C579457:VDR protein, human
references.citation: Clin Exp Immunol. 1991 May;84(2):200-6
references.pmid: 1902761
references.citation: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2001 Sep;5(9):807-14
references.pmid: 11573891
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2002 Aug 15;186(4):517-21
references.pmid: 12195379
references.citation: Respirology. 2007 Mar;12(2):202-6
references.pmid: 17298451
references.citation: Cell. 1993 May 7;73(3):469-85
references.pmid: 8490962
references.citation: Hum Immunol. 2005 Oct;66(10):1074-81
references.pmid: 16386650
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 5;338(10):640-4
references.pmid: 9486992
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1990 Feb 15;322(7):422-7
references.pmid: 2300105
references.citation: Int J Infect Dis. 2000;4(3):129-33
references.pmid: 11179915
references.citation: Pneumonol Alergol Pol. 2007;75(1):13-21
references.pmid: 17541908
references.citation: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2003 Apr;7(4):370-5
references.pmid: 12729343
references.citation: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2000 Jun;4(6):577-80
references.pmid: 10864190
references.citation: IUBMB Life. 2002 Apr-May;53(4-5):225-9
references.pmid: 12121000
references.citation: J Leukoc Biol. 1999 Nov;66(5):757-62
references.pmid: 10577506
references.citation: Immunol Lett. 2003 Jan 22;85(2):197-203
references.pmid: 12527228
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1998 Nov;66(11):5314-21
references.pmid: 9784538
references.citation: Nat Genet. 1997 Aug;16(4):383-6
references.pmid: 9241278
references.citation: Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Apr;117(4):621-4
references.pmid: 565607
references.citation: Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2002 Jan;25(1):3-7
references.pmid: 11953089
references.citation: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2002 May;6(5):454-60
references.pmid: 12019922
references.citation: Mol Immunol. 2007 Mar;44(9):2213-20
references.pmid: 17157384
references.citation: J Exp Med. 1997 Feb 17;185(4):717-30
references.pmid: 9034150
references.citation: Tuber Lung Dis. 1999;79(5):309-17
references.pmid: 10707259
references.citation: Clin Chem Lab Med. 2002 Sep;40(9):863-8
references.pmid: 12435101
references.citation: Indian J Med Res. 1998 Apr;107:155-8
references.pmid: 9604542
references.citation: Microbes Infect. 2006 Apr;8(4):1119-23
references.pmid: 16513396
references.citation: Hum Immunol. 2006 Aug;67(8):643-54
references.pmid: 16916662
references.citation: Lancet. 2000 Feb 19;355(9204):618-21
references.pmid: 10696983
references.citation: JAMA. 1998 Jan 21;279(3):226-8
references.pmid: 9438744
references.citation: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2003 Jun;7(6):599-602
references.pmid: 12797705
references.citation: Proc Assoc Am Physicians. 1999 Jul-Aug;111(4):283-9
references.pmid: 10417735
references.citation: Annu Rev Genet. 2006;40:469-86
references.pmid: 17094741
references.citation: Mol Biol (Mosk). 2006 Mar-Apr;40(2):252-62
references.pmid: 16637265
references.citation: Gac Med Mex. 2008 May-Jun;144(3):233-8
references.pmid: 18714592
references.citation: Tuber Lung Dis. 1997;78(1):35-45
references.pmid: 9666961
references.citation: Thorax. 2003 Oct;58(10):890-1
references.pmid: 14514946
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2002 Nov 15;186(10):1463-8
references.pmid: 12404162
references.citation: Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jun 1;116(11):937-41
references.pmid: 1580452
references.citation: Trends Microbiol. 2001 Aug;9(8):397-403
references.pmid: 11514223
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 1999 Mar;179(3):721-4
references.pmid: 9952386
references.citation: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004 Apr;8(4):428-34
references.pmid: 15141734