title: Saccharomyces boulardii for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: a randomized, controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of orally administered Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) for reducing the incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomised controlled trial was conducted in infants with gestational age ≤32 weeks and birth weight ≤1500 g. The study group received S. boulardii supplementation, and the control group did not. The primary outcomes were death or NEC (Bell's stage ≥2), and secondary outcomes were feeding intolerance and clinical or culture-proven sepsis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 271 infants were enrolled in the study, 135 in the study group and 136 in the control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of death (3.7% vs. 3.6%, 95% CI of the difference, -5.20-5.25; p = 1.0) or NEC (4.4% vs. 5.1%, 95% CI, -0.65-5.12; p = 1.0) between the groups. However, feeding intolerance and clinical sepsis were significantly lower in the probiotic group compared with control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation at a dose of 250 mg/day was not effective at reducing the incidence of death or NEC in VLBW infants, it improved feeding tolerance and reduced the risk of clinical sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Samsun Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Samsun, Turkey. kgamze@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Gamze
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Demirel
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Erdeve
authors.forename: Istemi Han
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dilmen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012440:Saccharomyces; D018805:Sepsis / Q000517:prevention & control; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Feeding intolerance; Necrotizing enterocolitis; Probiotic; Saccharomyces boulardii; Very low-birth-weight infants