title: New anthracene derivatives as triplet acceptors for efficient green-to-blue low-power upconversion.
abstract: Three new anthracene derivatives [2-chloro-9,10-dip-tolylanthracene (DTACl), 9,10-dip-tolylanthracene-2-carbonitrile (DTACN), and 9,10-di(naphthalen-1-yl)anthracene-2-carbonitrile (DNACN)] were synthesized as triplet acceptors for low-power upconversion. Their linear absorption, single-photon-excited fluorescence, and upconversion fluorescence properties were studied. The acceptors exhibit high fluorescence yields in DMF. Selective excitation of the sensitizer Pd(II)octaethylporphyrin (PdOEP) in solution containing DTACl, DTACN, or DNA-CN at 532 nm with an ultralow excitation power density of 0.5 W cm(-2) results in anti-Stokes blue emission. The maximum upconversion quantum yield (Φ(UC) =17.4%) was obtained for the couple PdOEP/DTACl. In addition, the efficiency of the triplet-triplet energy transfer process was quantitatively studied by quenching experiments. Experimental results revealed that a highly effective acceptor for upconversion should combine high fluorescence quantum yields with efficient quenching of the sensitizer triplet.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environment Function Materials, School of Chemistry, Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009 (PR China), Fax: (+86) 512-68326615.
authors.forename: Zuo-Qin
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Chang-Qing
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xiao-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xu-Tang
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Qin-Hua
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000873:Anthracenes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004735:Energy Transfer; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000737:chemistry; D011789:Quantum Theory; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D009281:Naphthalenes; D011166:Porphyrins; C488938:octaethylporphyrin; D010165:Palladium
keywords: Stern-Volmer quenching constants; anthracene; fluorescence; triplet acceptors; upconversion