title: Dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids and fish among US children 12-60 months of age.
abstract: This study aimed to estimate intake of individual polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), identify major dietary sources of PUFAs and estimate the proportion of individuals consuming fish among US children 12-60 months of age, by age and race and ethnicity. The study employed a cross-sectional design using US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Representative sample of US population based on selected counties.
  
  
  METHODS
  2496 US children aged 12-60 months. Mean daily intake of n-6 PUFAs and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) varied by age, with children 12-24 months of age having lower average intakes (mg or g day(-1) ) than children 49-60 months of age and the lowest n6 : n3 ratio, upon adjustment for energy intake. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake was low (20 mg day(-1) ) compared to typical infant intake and did not change with age. Compared to non-Hispanic white children, Mexican American children had higher DHA and arachidonic acid (AA) intake. In the previous 30 days, 53.7% of children ever consumed fish. Non-Hispanic black children were more likely than non-Hispanic white children to have consumed fish (64.0% vs. 53.0%). Results indicate low prevalence of fish intake and key n-3 PUFAs, relative to n-6 fatty acids, which suggests room for improvement in the diets of US children. More research is needed to determine how increasing dietary intakes of n-3 PUFAs like DHA could benefit child health.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.|Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Keim
authors.affiliation: National Center for Health Statistics, Office of Analysis and Epidemiology, Infant, Children, and Women's Health Statistics Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Amy M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Branum
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005399:Fishes; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D017058:Mexican Americans; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D011200:Poultry; D017747:Seafood; D014481:United States; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid
chemical_list: D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: children; fish; polyunsaturated fatty acids; race
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