title: Biodistribution of vaccines comprised of hydrophobically-modified poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles and antigen proteins using fluorescence imaging.
abstract: Fluorophores-modified nanoparticles comprised of poly(γ-glutamic acid)-phenylalanine (γ-PGA-Phe-633) and ovalbumin (OVA-750) termed NPs-633/OVA-750 were prepared to assess their biodistribution using an in vivo fluorescence imager. Dynamic light scattering measurements indicated that NPs-633/OVA-750 were about 200nm in diameter. The release of encapsulated OVA from NPs-633 in PBS was negligible (∼10%) for a week. When subcutaneously injected, the localization period of OVA-750-encapsulated into NPs-633 at the site of injection (SOI) was much longer than that of free OVA-750, but was shorter as compared to a mixture with aluminum hydroxide. The NPs-633 disappeared at the SOI and major organs within 1month after administration. Moreover, intravenously and intraperitoneally administered NPs-633 were mainly observed at the liver, and there was more rapid clearance from all organs as compared with non-biodegradable NPs. These fast clearance and degradation characteristics of γ-PGA-Phe NPs will be important not only for avoiding undesired adverse effects, but also for inducing a strong vaccine effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Riki
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Toita
authors.forename: Kenshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahara
authors.forename: Tetsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akashi
mesh_terms: D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008027:Light; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000737:chemistry; D011099:Polyglutamic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D014612:Vaccines; C511775:poly(gamma-glutamic acid); D011099:Polyglutamic Acid; D010649:Phenylalanine; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D010047:Ovalbumin
keywords: Biodegradable polymer; Fluorescence imaging; Polymeric nanoparticles; Vaccine carrier/adjuvant