title: Extrinsic wrist ligaments: prevalence of injury by magnetic resonance imaging and association with intrinsic ligament tears.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of extrinsic wrist ligament injury by magnetic resonance imaging and its association with intrinsic ligament tears.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed conventional magnetic resonance images performed over a 5-year period from adult patients in the setting of wrist trauma. Two musculoskeletal radiologists examined the integrity of wrist ligaments and presence of bone abnormalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a cohort of 75 subjects, extrinsic ligament injury was present in 75%, with radiolunotriquetral being most frequently affected (45%). Intrinsic ligament injury was present in 60%. Almost half of subjects had combined intrinsic and extrinsic ligament injury. Bone abnormalities were seen in 69%. The rate of extrinsic injury was higher in subjects with bone injury (P = 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is high prevalence of extrinsic ligament injury in the setting of wrist trauma, especially in the presence of bone abnormalities, with combined injury of intrinsic and extrinsic ligaments in about half of cases.
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Atul K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Taneja
authors.forename: Miriam A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bredella
authors.forename: Connie Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Joseph Simeone
authors.forename: Susan V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kattapuram
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torriani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001900:Boston / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008022:Ligaments / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012421:Rupture / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014954:Wrist Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult