title: Crystalens HD intraocular lens analysis using an adaptive optics visual simulator.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare visual and optical quality of the Crystalens HD intraocular lens (IOL) with that of a monofocal IOL.
  
  
  METHODS
  The wavefront aberration patterns of the monocular Akreos Adapt AO IOL and the single-optic accommodating Crystalens HD IOL were measured in a model eye. The Crystalens IOL was measured in its nonaccommodative state and then, after flexing the haptic to produce 1.4 mm of movement, in its accommodative state. Using an adaptive optics system, subjects' aberrations were removed and replaced with those of pseudophakes viewing with either lens. Monocular distance visual acuity (DVA) at high (100%), medium (50%), and low (10%) contrast and contrast sensitivity (CS) were measured for both IOL optics. Near VA (NVA) and CS were measured for the Crystalens HD IOL in its accommodative state. Depth of focus around the distance and near focus was also evaluated for the Crystalens HD IOL. Modulation transfer function (MTF), point spread function (PSF), and Strehl ratio were also calculated. All measures were taken for 3- and 5-mm pupils.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MTF, PSF, and Strehl ratio showed comparable values between IOLs (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in DVA and CS between IOLs for all contrasts and pupils (p > 0.05). When spherically focused, mean DVA and NVA with the Crystalens HD IOL were ≥20/20 at 100 and 50% contrasts for both pupils. Monocular DVA, NVA, and CS were slightly better with 3- than 5-mm pupils, but without statistically significant differences. The Crystalens HD IOL showed about 0.75 and 0.50 D of depth of focus in its accommodative state and nonaccommodative state, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The optical and visual quality with the nonaccommodatied Crystalens HD IOL was comparable to that of a monofocal IOL. If this lens can move 1.4 mm in the eye, it will provide high-quality optics for near vision as well.
authors.affiliation: *MSc †PhD GIO, Optics Department, Faculty of Physics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (CP-V, RM-M, TF-B, SG-L); and Escuela de Óptica y Optometría, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain (NL-G).
authors.forename: Cari
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérez-Vives
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montés-Micó
authors.forename: Norberto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: López-Gil
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ferrer-Blasco
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: García-Lázaro
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D003198:Computer Simulation; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology; D003867:Depth Perception / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult