title: Health consequences of tobacco use for Maori--cessation essential for reducing inequalities in health.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tobacco use remains the largest preventable cause of death and disease in New Zealand. The aim of this paper was to identify all known health consequences of smoking, including exposure to other people's smoke, focusing on Maori.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of the scientific literature, 'grey' literature, and, Government health data and reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Smoking has been causally linked with cardiovascular disease (CVD), many cancers, and several respiratory diseases, and, rates are higher for Maori than non-Maori. There are many consequences for smokers loved ones, including, pregnancy and birth complications, SUDI, and increased respiratory infections, cancers and CVD for children and adults. Maori have higher rates of still-birth and SUDI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper summarises all health consequences, to the smoker and their family. Supporting smoking cessation among Maori, particularly women and parents, may be one of the quickest pathways to health improvements for Maori.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Tobacco Control Research, University of Auckland; Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. m.glover@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Marewa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Glover
authors.forename: Anette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kira
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cowie
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stephen
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marriner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D009520:New Zealand; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality