title: Overexpression of nuclear β-catenin at invasive front in rectal carcinoma is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to investigate whether nuclear β-catenin overexpression at invasive front in rectal carcinoma is associated with lymph node metastasis and prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry was adopted to detect the expression of β-catenin in rectal carcinoma and lymph node metastatic lesions. Spearman's rank correlation analysis and Tukey's test were used to evaluate the association between nuclear β-catenin expression at invasive front in rectal carcinoma and lymph node metastasis. Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression model were used to evaluate the prognostic value of nuclear β-catenin overexpression at invasive front in rectal carcinoma for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overexpression of nuclear β-catenin at the invasive front in rectal carcinoma in stage III-N2 was significantly higher than that in stage III-N1 (73.4 vs. 40.4 %, P < 0.001). Nuclear β-catenin expression at the invasive front in rectal carcinoma was associated with the expression of nuclear β-catenin in corresponding lymph node metastatic lesions (r = 0.297, P < 0.001). Overexpression of nuclear β-catenin at the invasive front in rectal carcinoma was correlated with the number of metastatic lymph nodes (P < 0.001). Patients with nuclear β-catenin overexpression at the invasive front in rectal carcinoma had poor DFS (P = 0.002) and OS (P = 0.003). Moreover, overexpression of nuclear β-catenin at the invasive front was an independent prognosticator for unfavorable DFS and OS (P = 0.002 and 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that overexpression of nuclear β-catenin at the invasive front in rectal carcinoma may be a useful marker to evaluate lymph node metastasis, as well as a promising predictor of poor prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China, 33943219@qq.com.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D051176:beta Catenin
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