title: Identification and mRNA expression profile of glutamate receptor-like gene in quinclorac-resistant and susceptible Echinochloa crus-galli.
abstract: Animal ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) function as Ca(2+) ion channels during excitatory neurotransmission in nerve cells. Here, a glutamate receptor-like gene (GLR) was identified and characterized from a plant - Echinochloa crus-galli. The GLR gene was designated EcGLR1 with GenBank no: JX518597. It has a 2,793 bp open reading frame predicted to encode a 101.7 kDa protein. Sequence alignment showed that EcGLR1 is a GLR homologue. Its expression in response to quinclorac treatment was assessed by real-time PCR in near-isogenic lines of quinclorac-resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes of E. crus-galli. The expression of EcGLR1 in the seedling leaf and root at least increased 5 times in the S plants and 22 times in the R plants after exposure to quinclorac. In the adult plant leaves, roots and stems, its expression increased 11-14 times in the S plants and 23-25 times in the R plants after quinclorac stimulation. In the seed, its expression was 4 times less in the S plants than that in the R plants, but after treatment, the levels all increased by about 24 times in the two biotypes. EcGLR1 expression was 1-4 times greater in the R plants than in that in the S plants, and after treatment by quinclorac, the difference increased to a ratio of 4 to 9. Its expression was higher in all tissues tested of R biotypes than in that of S plants before or after quinclorac treatment. The results of this study provide basic information for the further research of function of the EcGLR1 in resistance to quinclorac in E. crus-galli.
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection and Control, Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, 310021 Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shenggan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Leiming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xueping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Changxing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D031747:Echinochloa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D053209:Herbicide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D011804:Quinolines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; C489048:quinclorac
keywords: Barnyardgrass; EST; Glutamate receptor-like genes (GLR); Quinclorac-response gene; RACE; RT-PCR; Rapid amplification of cDNA ends; expression sequence tag; real-time polymerase chain reaction