title: Reliability measures of functional magnetic resonance imaging in a longitudinal evaluation of mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: As the aging population grows, it has become increasingly important to carefully characterize amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a valuable tool for monitoring disease progression in selectively vulnerable brain regions associated with AD neuropathology. However, the reliability of fMRI data in longitudinal studies of older adults with aMCI is largely unexplored. To address this, aMCI participants completed two visual working tasks, a Delayed-Recognition task and a One-Back task, on three separate scanning sessions over a three-month period. Test-retest reliability of the fMRI blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activity was assessed using an intraclass correlation (ICC) analysis approach. Results indicated that brain regions engaged during the task displayed greater reliability across sessions compared to regions that were not utilized by the task. During task-engagement, differential reliability scores were observed across the brain such that the frontal lobe, medial temporal lobe, and subcortical structures exhibited fair to moderate reliability (ICC=0.3-0.6), while temporal, parietal, and occipital regions exhibited moderate to good reliability (ICC=0.4-0.7). Additionally, reliability across brain regions was more stable when three fMRI sessions were used in the ICC calculation relative to two fMRI sessions. In conclusion, the fMRI BOLD signal is reliable across scanning sessions in this population and thus a useful tool for tracking longitudinal change in observational and interventional studies in aMCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. Electronic address: theodore.zanto@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Theodore P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Zanto
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pa
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gazzaley
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Intraclass correlation; Mild cognitive impairment; Selective attention; Test–retest reliability; Working memory
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2005 Oct 15;28(1):122-31
references.pmid: 16051501
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2006 Feb 1;29(3):1000-6
references.pmid: 16139527
references.citation: J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;19(4):1273-82
references.pmid: 20308792
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Sep 2;105(35):13122-6
references.pmid: 18765818
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Apr 15;45(3):758-68
references.pmid: 19166942
references.citation: Magn Reson Imaging. 1998;16(2):105-13
references.pmid: 9508267
references.citation: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2000 May;21(5):910-5
references.pmid: 10815667
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2011 Feb 1;54(3):2156-62
references.pmid: 20932922
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2000 Mar;9(3):156-64
references.pmid: 10739366
references.citation: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2005 May;60(5):660-6
references.pmid: 15972621
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2012 Jul 16;61(4):1471-83
references.pmid: 22446491
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2009 Dec;30(12):4033-47
references.pmid: 19492301
references.citation: Neurobiol Aging. 2011 Oct;32(10):1733-41
references.pmid: 20005012
references.citation: Annu Rev Neurosci. 2004;27:279-306
references.pmid: 15217334
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2008 Jun;41(2):311-22
references.pmid: 18411061
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2003 Apr;17(4):463-71
references.pmid: 12655586
references.citation: Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2012 Oct;20(10):827-35
references.pmid: 21934475
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 1979 Mar;86(2):420-8
references.pmid: 18839484
references.citation: Nature. 1998 Apr 9;392(6676):598-601
references.pmid: 9560155
references.citation: Behav Neurol. 2004;15(3-4):87-97
references.pmid: 15706052
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1997 Jun 1;17(11):4302-11
references.pmid: 9151747
references.citation: J Neurol Sci. 2012 May 15;316(1-2):21-9
references.pmid: 22385679
references.citation: Cogn Behav Neurol. 2003 Dec;16(4):211-8
references.pmid: 14665820
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2006 Jul 1;31(3):968-80
references.pmid: 16530430
references.citation: Neurology. 2003 Mar 25;60(6):969-75
references.pmid: 12654961
references.citation: Neuroradiology. 2012 Nov;54(11):1195-206
references.pmid: 22527687
references.citation: Neuropsychologia. 2008;46(6):1624-35
references.pmid: 18206188
references.citation: Ann Neurol. 2013 Jun;73(6):762-73
references.pmid: 23447373
references.citation: Neurol Clin. 2000 Nov;18(4):789-806
references.pmid: 11072261
references.citation: Brain Lang. 2007 Aug;102(2):176-85
references.pmid: 16753206
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2011 May;68(5):599-606
references.pmid: 21555634
references.citation: Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2006;22(3):250-9
references.pmid: 16902280
references.citation: Neuropsychologia. 2011 Jan;49(1):43-8
references.pmid: 21029744
references.citation: J Neurosci Methods. 2002 Aug 30;118(2):115-28
references.pmid: 12204303
references.citation: Exp Brain Res. 2008 Mar;186(1):183-90
references.pmid: 18060395
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2005 Oct;8(10):1298-300
references.pmid: 16158065
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 2001 Jun;158(6):955-8
references.pmid: 11384907
references.citation: Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2004 Mar;19(2):203-14
references.pmid: 15010086