title: Discriminant analysis between malignant mesothelioma and reactive mesothelium using nuclear three-dimensional analysis is useful for morphologically suspicious cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Morphological discrimination between malignant mesothelioma (MM) and reactive mesothelium (RM) is often difficult. Stereological analysis of nuclear luminance using centrifuged smear samples from coelomic fluid and discriminant analysis based on Mahalanobis distance may help to more accurately discriminate between MM and RM. In the present study, discriminant analysis was conducted on cytological specimens using the auto-smear method in a blinded manner with regard to histological results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coelomic fluid samples of 28 cases, cytologically diagnosed using the auto-smear method, were analyzed to determine pixel counts, the number of focus layers, 3-dimensional variation in the coefficient of variation of nuclear luminance between the focus layers as well as roundness in about 30-50 atypical cell nuclei per case. These measurements were employed to determine malignancy based on Mahalanobis distance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Discrimination rates were as high as 91.7% for MM and 82.7% for RM. The discrimination rates of MM with histology were >80% in 8 of 10 suspicious cases with the initial cytology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our method allowed accurate discrimination between MM and RM and provides a useful alternative for the diagnosis of suspicious cases where morphological diagnosis of malignancy is difficult.
authors.affiliation: Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyotada
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Washiya
authors.forename: Yuuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizuki
authors.forename: Minori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hirokuni
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kakinuma
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saegusa
authors.forename: Yukitoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology; D003581:Cytodiagnosis; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008579:Meningioma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor