title: Correlation between three-dimensional morphological changes of the hyoid bone with other skeletal maturation methods in adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study compares growth changes of hyoid bone in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with conventional skeletal maturation methods to examine their potential implications in the development of a three-dimensional method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects (n = 62, 11-17 years of age) were exposed to CBCT at a six-month interval (T1/T2/T3). Ten-hyoid distances were compared with age, hand wrist skeletal maturation index (SMI), and cervical vertebral maturation stage (CS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The length of greater cornua (GC) was most frequently, moderate to highly correlated with age (right: 0.57/0.53/0.58; left: 0.45/0.50/0.48), SMI (right: 0.52/0.40/0.45; left: 0.42 at T3), and CS (right: 0.52 at T1), followed by the length of the hyoid bone with age (right: 0.50/0.49/0.47; left: 0.44/0.47 at T1/T2), SMI (right: 0.45/0.41 at T1/T2), and CS (right: 0.48 at T1). The width of body of the hyoid (HB) width was correlated with age (0.43/0.44/0.44). The GC-HB gap was correlated with age (right: -0.41 at T3) and SMI (right: -0.42 at T1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peripubertal hyoid maturation did not yield sufficient diagnostic information for considerations in the development of a 3D-skeletal maturation method.
authors.affiliation: Dental Student, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Jocelyne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Giseon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Manuel O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Lagravère
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000365:Age Determination by Skeleton / Q000379:methods*; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006928:Hyoid Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation