title: Methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: Methamphetamine and related compounds are now the second most commonly used illicit substance worldwide, after cannabis. Reports of methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy (MAC) are increasing, but MAC has not been well reviewed. This analysis of MAC will provide an overview of the pharmacology of methamphetamine, historical perspective and epidemiology, a review of case and clinical studies, and a summary of the proposed mechanisms for MAC. Clinically, many questions remain, including the appropriate therapeutic interventions for MAC, the incidence and prevalence of cardiac pathology in methamphetamine users, risk factors for developing MAC, and prognosis of these patients. In conclusion, recognition of the significance of MAC among physicians and other medical caregivers is important given the growing use of methamphetamine and related stimulants worldwide.
authors.affiliation: John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu, Hawaii.
authors.forename: Sekon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Ralph V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Shohet
authors.forename: Todd B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.forename: Nisha I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Parikh
mesh_terms: D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008694:Methamphetamine
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