title: Oxidative modulation of voltage-gated potassium channels.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Voltage-gated K+ channels are a large family of K+-selective ion channel protein complexes that open on membrane depolarization. These K+ channels are expressed in diverse tissues and their function is vital for numerous physiological processes, in particular of neurons and muscle cells. Potentially reversible oxidative regulation of voltage-gated K+ channels by reactive species such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) represents a contributing mechanism of normal cellular plasticity and may play important roles in diverse pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Studies using various protocols of oxidative modification, site-directed mutagenesis, and structural and kinetic modeling provide a broader phenomenology and emerging mechanistic insights.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physicochemical mechanisms of the functional consequences of oxidative modifications of voltage-gated K+ channels are only beginning to be revealed. In vivo documentation of oxidative modifications of specific amino-acid residues of various voltage-gated K+ channel proteins, including the target specificity issue, is largely absent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-resolution chemical and proteomic analysis of ion channel proteins with respect to oxidative modification combined with ongoing studies on channel structure and function will provide a better understanding of how the function of voltage-gated K+ channels is tuned by ROS and the corresponding reducing enzymes to meet cellular needs.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital , Jena, Germany .
authors.forename: Nirakar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: Stefan H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Heinemann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051638:Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051656:KCNQ Potassium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005810:Multigene Family; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051638:Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels; D051656:KCNQ Potassium Channels; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated
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