title: Plantar fibromatosis--topical review.
abstract: Morbus Ledderhose is a rare hyperproliferative disease of the plantar fascia, leading to the formation of nodules. Its origin is unknown. No causal therapy is available, and treatment remains symptomatic. Various therapeutic strategies to alleviate symptoms are available and are adapted to the severity of the disease. In early stages, conservative therapy including nonpharmacological, physical, and pharmacological treatments is applied. If the disease progresses, irradiation of the plantar surface, injections of steroids, shock wave therapy, and partial or complete fasciectomy as an ultimate therapy may be indicated. Novel experimental treatment options including application of fibrinolytic agents are currently being tested, but no controlled, randomized long-term studies are available. This review aims to provide a systematic overview of current established procedures and outlines novel experimental strategies for the treatment of morbus Ledderhose, including future avenues to treat this rare disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Nils T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Veith
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tschernig
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Histing
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madry
mesh_terms: D004387:Dupuytren Contracture / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005350:Fibroma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D011859:Radiography; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D013629:Tamoxifen
keywords: Ledderhose disease; morbus Ledderhose; plantar fibromatosis; total plantar fasciectomy