title: Single prolonged stress impairs social and object novelty recognition in rats.
abstract: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) results from exposure to a traumatic event and manifests as re-experiencing, arousal, avoidance, and negative cognition/mood symptoms. Avoidant symptoms, as well as the newly defined negative cognitions/mood, are a serious complication leading to diminished interest in once important or positive activities, such as social interaction; however, the basis of these symptoms remains poorly understood. PTSD patients also exhibit impaired object and social recognition, which may underlie the avoidance and symptoms of negative cognition, such as social estrangement or diminished interest in activities. Previous studies have demonstrated that single prolonged stress (SPS), models PTSD phenotypes, including impairments in learning and memory. Therefore, it was hypothesized that SPS would impair social and object recognition memory. Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to SPS then tested in the social choice test (SCT) or novel object recognition test (NOR). These tests measure recognition of novelty over familiarity, a natural preference of rodents. Results show that SPS impaired preference for both social and object novelty. In addition, SPS impairment in social recognition may be caused by impaired behavioral flexibility, or an inability to shift behavior during the SCT. These results demonstrate that traumatic stress can impair social and object recognition memory, which may underlie certain avoidant symptoms or negative cognition in PTSD and be related to impaired behavioral flexibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Andrew L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Eagle
authors.forename: Chris J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.forename: Shane A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Perrine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D012919:Social Behavior; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Avoidance; Behavioral flexibility; C; NOR; Novel object recognition; O; PTSD; Posttraumatic stress disorder; SCT; SPS; Single prolonged stress; Social choice; conspecific; novel object recognition test; object; posttraumatic stress disorder; single prolonged stress; social choice test
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