title: [Determinants of low birth weight among newborns to HIV-infected mothers not eligible for antiretroviral treatment in Africa].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Low birth weight (LBW) increases the risk of infant death, but little is known about its rate and determinants among babies born to HIV-infected mothers in sub-Saharan Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted in South Africa, Burkina Faso, Uganda and Zambia, during the recruitment process of the PROMISE-PEP (ANRS 12174) clinical trial. The study sample included 1196 subjects screened between August 2009 and December 2011, respectively 254 in South Africa, 221 in Burkina Faso, 197 in Uganda and 524 in Zambia, all ineligible for antiretroviral therapy. Data were collected during ANRS12174 clinical trial antenatal and postnatal screening visits, and during an inclusion visit for completion of an electronic case report form (eCRF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (±SD) age of mothers was 27±5years and their mean CD4 count was 576±195cells/μL. Most mothers lived in a couple (78.7%), had no employment (72.3%) and had a good level of education (74% had gone to school). Male newborns predominated (51.7%). The mean birth weight was 3043g±435g, and 7.8% ([95%CI: 6.3%-9.3%]) of newborns weighed less than 2500g. In univariate analyses, being married or cohabiting, body mass index, WHO HIV disease stage II, female newborn and low gestational age were associated with risk of LBW. In multivariate regression model, low gestational age (aOR=3.74, P<0.0001) and female newborn (aOR=1.63, P=0.04) were significantly associated with LBW.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk factors for LBW found in HIV-infected women ineligible for antiretroviral therapy were the same as in the general population. There was no evidence of additional risk factors associated with HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche internationale pour la santé, UFR sciences de la santé, université de Ouagadougou, 09 BP 168, Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso. Electronic address: huguesasken2002@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Traore
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Meda
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagot
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Somé
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Neboua
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kankasa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hofmeyr
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tumwine
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vallo
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tylleskar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van de Perre
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002050:Burkina Faso / Q000453:epidemiology; D015981:Epidemiologic Factors; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult; D015024:Zambia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: Afrique au Sud du Sahara; Faible poids de naissance; HIV infection; Infection à VIH; Low birth weight; Sub-Saharan Africa