title: TED, an autonomous and rare maize transposon of the mutator superfamily with a high gametophytic excision frequency.
abstract: Mutator (Mu) elements, one of the most diverse superfamilies of DNA transposons, are found in all eukaryotic kingdoms, but are particularly numerous in plants. Most of the present knowledge on the transposition behavior of this superfamily comes from studies of the maize (Zea mays) Mu elements, whose transposition is mediated by the autonomous Mutator-Don Robertson (MuDR) element. Here, we describe the maize element TED (for Transposon Ellen Dempsey), an autonomous cousin that differs significantly from MuDR. Element excision and reinsertion appear to require both proteins encoded by MuDR, but only the single protein encoded by TED. Germinal excisions, rare with MuDR, are common with TED, but arise in one of the mitotic divisions of the gametophyte, rather than at meiosis. Instead, transposition-deficient elements arise at meiosis, suggesting that the double-strand breaks produced by element excision are repaired differently in mitosis and meiosis. Unlike MuDR, TED is a very low-copy transposon whose number and activity do not undergo dramatic changes upon inbreeding or outcrossing. Like MuDR, TED transposes mostly to unlinked sites and can form circular transposition products. Sequences closer to TED than to MuDR were detected only in the grasses, suggesting a rather recent evolutionary split from a common ancestor.
authors.affiliation: Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.
authors.forename: Yubin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Hugo K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Dooner
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D004260:DNA Repair; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D055993:Germ Cells, Plant; D008540:Meiosis; D008938:Mitosis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D018744:DNA, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins
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