title: Progranulin: at the interface of neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases.
abstract: Progranulin is a widely expressed, cysteine-rich, secreted glycoprotein originally discovered for its growth factor-like properties. Its subsequent identification as a causative gene for frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a devastating early-onset neurodegenerative disease, has catalyzed a surge of new discoveries about progranulin function in the brain. More recently, progranulin was recognized as an adipokine involved in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance, revealing its metabolic function. We review here progranulin biology in both neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases. In particular, we highlight the growth factor-like, trophic, and anti-inflammatory properties of progranulin as potential unifying themes in these seemingly divergent conditions. We also discuss potential therapeutic options for raising progranulin levels to treat progranulin-deficient FTD, as well as the possible consequences of such treatment.
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Thi A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Lauren Herl
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.forename: Laura L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Mitic
authors.forename: Robert V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Farese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D057180:Frontotemporal Dementia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000077153:Progranulins
chemical_list: C492314:GRN protein, human; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000077153:Progranulins
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