title: National study of chronic disease self-management: six-month outcome findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate how the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) changes health outcomes, lifestyle behaviors, and health care service utilization over a 6 month period.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants were 1,170 adults enrolled in the National Study of CDSMP in 2010-2012 (M age=65.4 years). Six-month assessments were available for 903 participants. Linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the changes between baseline and 6-month assessment for primary and secondary outcomes among CDSMP participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Social/role activities limitations, depression, and communication with physicians improved significantly from baseline to 6-month follow-up. Study participants reported significant improvements in more physical activity and less emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalization during that period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nationally, CDSMP not only improves health outcomes and lifestyle behaviors but also decreases costly ER visits and hospitalization. Geriatricians and other primary care providers should be encouraged to refer patients with chronic conditions to such self-management programs.
authors.affiliation: Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Marcia G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ory
authors.forename: SangNam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Luohua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lorig
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: Diana D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Whitelaw
authors.forename: Matthew Lee
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012648:Self Care; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
keywords: Chronic Disease Self-Management Program; depression; health care utilization; role function