title: Adherence to the 2006 American Heart Association Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk reduction is associated with bone health in older Puerto Ricans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoporosis are 2 major public health problems that share common pathophysiological mechanisms. It is possible that strategies to reduce CVD risk may also benefit bone health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We tested the hypothesis that adherence to the 2006 American Heart Association Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations (AHA-DLR) is associated with bone health.
  
  
  METHODS
  We previously developed a unique diet and lifestyle score (American Heart Association Diet and Lifestyle Score; AHA-DLS) to assess adherence to the AHA-DLR. In a cross-sectional study of 933 Puerto Ricans aged 47-79 y, we modified the AHA-DLS to test associations with bone health. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the femoral neck, trochanter, total hip, and lumbar spine (L2-L4) was measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For every 5-unit increase in the modified AHA-DLS, BMD at the femoral neck, trochanter, total hip, and lumbar spine (L2-L4) was associated with a 0.005-0.008-g/cm(2) (P < 0.05) higher value. No component of the AHA-DLR alone was responsible for the observed positive associations. For every 5-unit increase in the modified AHA-DLS, the odds for osteoporosis or osteopenia at the trochanter, total hip, and lumbar spine (L2-L4) were lower by 14% (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.92), 17% (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.92), and 9% (OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.99), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary guidelines for CVD risk reduction may also benefit bone health in this Hispanic cohort. Synchronizing dietary guidelines for these 2 common diseases may provide a simplified public health message. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01231958.
authors.affiliation: Gerald J and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (SNB and AHL); the Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA (SNB, BD-H, AHL, and KLT); the School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA (BD-H); the Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (MTH); and the Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA (KLT).
authors.forename: Shilpa N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Bhupathiraju
authors.forename: Alice H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lichtenstein
authors.forename: Bess
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dawson-Hughes
authors.forename: Marian T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hannan
authors.forename: Katherine L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Tucker
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D000572:American Heart Association; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D001900:Boston / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011647:Puerto Rico / Q000208:ethnology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States
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