title: Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
abstract: The microbial community of the human gut has a crucial role in sustaining host homeostasis. High-throughput DNA sequencing has delineated the structural and functional configurations of gut metagenomes in world populations. The microbiota of the Russian population is of particular interest to researchers, because Russia encompasses a uniquely wide range of environmental conditions and ethnogeographical cohorts. Here we conduct a shotgun metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota samples from 96 healthy Russian adult subjects, which reveals novel microbial community structures. The communities from several rural regions display similarities within each region and are dominated by the bacterial taxa associated with the healthy gut. Functional analysis shows that the metabolic pathways exhibiting differential abundance in the novel types are primarily associated with the trade-off between the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla. The specific signatures of the Russian gut microbiota are likely linked to the host diet, cultural habits and socioeconomic status.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow 119435, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Tyakht
authors.forename: Elena S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kostryukova
authors.forename: Anna S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Popenko
authors.forename: Maxim S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Belenikin
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Pavlenko
authors.forename: Andrey K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Larin
authors.forename: Irina Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Karpova
authors.forename: Oksana V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Selezneva
authors.forename: Tatyana A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Semashko
authors.forename: Elena A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ospanova
authors.forename: Vladislav V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Babenko
authors.forename: Igor V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Maev
authors.forename: Sergey V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Cheremushkin
authors.forename: Yuriy A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Kucheryavyy
authors.forename: Petr L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Shcherbakov
authors.forename: Vladimir B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Grinevich
authors.forename: Oleg I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Efimov
authors.forename: Evgenii I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Sas
authors.forename: Rustam A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Abdulkhakov
authors.forename: Sayar R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Abdulkhakov
authors.forename: Elena A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Lyalyukova
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Livzan
authors.forename: Valentin V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Vlassov
authors.forename: Renad Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Sagdeev
authors.forename: Vladislav V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Tsukanov
authors.forename: Marina F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Osipenko
authors.forename: Irina V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Kozlova
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Tkachev
authors.forename: Valery I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Sergienko
authors.forename: Dmitry G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Alexeev
authors.forename: Vadim M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Govorun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008660:Metabolism; D054892:Metagenome / Q000235:genetics; D064307:Microbiota / Q000235:genetics; D012424:Rural Population; D012426:Russia; D014481:United States; D014505:Urban Population
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