title: Contact alternatives to nickel.
abstract: Allergic contact dermatitis to nickel is a continued health concern internationally. Nickel has been found to be the most prevalent and relevant allergen in tested populations for the last 3 decades. Furthermore, recent data from the North American Contact Dermatitis Group demonstrate positive patch-test reactions to nickel at approximately 19.5% of their tested population and a significant increase in the positivity rates for the last decade (Dermatitis. 2013;24:10-21. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;38:911-918). Because of the rise in allergic contact dermatitis rates to nickel, the American Contact Dermatitis Society recognized nickel to be the 2008 Allergen of the Year (J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009;60:1067-1069; Dermatitis. 2008;19:3-8). This article recognizes the importance of nickel avoidance and highlights potential alternatives.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Dermatology, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, NewYork, NY; and †Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego - Rady Children's Hospital.
authors.forename: Rajiv I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Nijhawan
authors.forename: Sharon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jacob
mesh_terms: D003020:Clothing / Q000009:adverse effects; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006794:Household Articles; D006801:Humans; D055498:Jewelry / Q000009:adverse effects; D009532:Nickel / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D009532:Nickel