title: Compartmental models for apical efflux by P-glycoprotein--part 1: evaluation of model complexity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  With the goal of quantifying P-gp transport kinetics, Part 1 of these manuscripts evaluates different compartmental models and Part 2 applies these models to kinetic data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Models were developed to simulate the effect of apical efflux transporters on intracellular concentrations of six drugs. The effect of experimental variability on model predictions was evaluated. Several models were evaluated, and characteristics including membrane configuration, lipid content, and apical surface area (asa) were varied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Passive permeabilities from MDCK-MDR1 cells in the presence of cyclosporine gave lower model errors than from MDCK control cells. Consistent with the results in Part 2, model configuration had little impact on calculated model errors. The 5-compartment model was the simplest model that reproduced experimental lag times. Lipid content and asa had minimal effect on model errors, predicted lag times, and intracellular concentrations. Including endogenous basolateral uptake activity can decrease model errors. Models with and without explicit membrane barriers differed markedly in their predicted intracellular concentrations for basolateral drug exposure. Single point data resulted in clearances similar to time course data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compartmental models are useful to evaluate the impact of efflux transporters on intracellular concentrations. Whereas a 3-compartment model may be sufficient to predict the impact of transporters that efflux drugs from the cell, a 5-compartment model with explicit membranes may be required to predict intracellular concentrations when efflux occurs from the membrane. More complex models including additional compartments may be unnecessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140, USA.
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagar
authors.forename: Jalia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: Erica A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Weiskircher
authors.forename: Siddhartha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhoopathy
authors.forename: Ismael J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Korzekwa
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
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