title: Decreased DBC1 Expression Is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients With Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The deleted in bladder cancer 1 (DBC1) gene is located within chromosome 9 (9q32-33), a chromosomal region that frequently shows loss of heterozygosity in bladder cancer (BC). It is suspected that it acts as a tumor suppressor gene, but its prognostic value remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the value of DBC1 as a prognostic marker in BC.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of DBC1 was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis in 344 patients with BC (220 non-muscle-invasive BC [NMIBC] and 124 muscle-invasive BC [MIBC]) and in 34 patients with normal bladder mucosa. The results were compared with clinicopathologic parameters, and the prognostic value of DBC1 was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and a multivariate Cox regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DBC1 expression was significantly decreased in patients with MIBC compared with those diagnosed with NMIBC (p=0.010). Patients with aggressive tumor characteristics had lower DBC1 expression levels in NMIBC (each, p<0.05). By multivariate Cox regression analysis, low DBC1 expression was a predictor of progression to MIBC (hazard ratio, 7.104; p=0.013). Kaplan-Meier estimates revealed a significant difference in tumor recurrence, progression to MIBC, and cancer-specific survival depending on the level of DBC1 expression in NMIBC (log-rank test, each, p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of DBC1 was associated with tumor aggressiveness, progression to MIBC, and survival in NMIBC. Our results suggest that DBC1 expression can be a useful prognostic marker for patients with NMIBC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ui Jae
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Il-Seok
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ho Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jayoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won Tae
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Isaac Yi
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Keun Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Yung Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sung-Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Yong-June
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seok-Joong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Sang-Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wun-Jae
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Bladder cancer; Human DBC1 protein; Prognosis
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