title: Economic evaluation in short bowel syndrome (SBS): an algorithm to estimate utility scores for a patient-reported SBS-specific quality of life scale (SBS-QoL™).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Condition-specific preference-based measures can offer utility data where they would not otherwise be available or where generic measures may lack sensitivity, although they lack comparability across conditions. This study aimed to develop an algorithm for estimating utilities from the short bowel syndrome health-related quality of life scale (SBS-QoL™).
  
  
  METHODS
  SBS-QoL™ items were selected based on factor and item performance analysis of a European SBS-QoL™ dataset and consultation with 3 SBS clinical experts. Six-dimension health states were developed using 8 SBS-QoL™ items (2 dimensions combined 2 SBS-QoL™ items). SBS health states were valued by a UK general population sample (N = 250) using the lead-time time trade-off method. Preference weights or 'utility decrements' for each severity level of each dimension were estimated by regression models and used to develop the scoring algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean utilities for the SBS health states ranged from -0.46 (worst health state, very much affected on all dimensions) to 0.92 (best health state, not at all affected on all dimensions). The random effects model with maximum likelihood estimation regression had the best predictive ability and lowest root mean squared error and mean absolute error, and was used to develop the scoring algorithm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preference-weighted scoring algorithm for the SBS-QoL™ developed is able to estimate a wide range of utility values from patient-level SBS-QoL™ data. This allows estimation of SBS HRQL impact for the purpose of economic evaluation of SBS treatment benefits.
authors.affiliation: Oxford Outcomes (an Icon plc Company), Seacourt Tower, Oxford, OX1 0JJ, UK, andrew.lloyd@oxfordoutcomes.com.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: Cicely
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.forename: Katie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Breheny
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brazier
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012778:Short Bowel Syndrome / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
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