title: Arxula adeninivorans recombinant urate oxidase and its application in the production of food with low uric acid content.
abstract: Hyperuricemia and its symptoms are becoming increasingly common worldwide. Elevated serum uric acid levels are caused by increased uric acid synthesis from food constituents and reduced renal excretion. Treatment in most cases involves reducing alcohol intake and consumption of meat and fish or treatment with pharmaceuticals. Another approach could be to reduce uric acid level in food, either during production or consumption. This work reports the production of recombinant urate oxidase by Arxula adeninivorans and its application to reduce uric acid in a food product. The A. adeninivorans urate oxidase amino acid sequence was found to be similar to urate oxidases from other fungi (61-65% identity). In media supplemented with adenine, hypoxanthine or uric acid, induction of the urate oxidase (AUOX) gene and intracellular accumulation of urate oxidase (Auoxp) was observed. The enzyme characteristics were analyzed from isolates of the wild-type strain A. adeninivorans LS3, as well as from those of transgenic strains expressing the AUOX gene under control of the strong constitutive TEF1 promoter or the inducible AYNI1 promoter. The enzyme showed high substrate specificity for uric acid, a broad temperature and pH range, high thermostability and the ability to reduce uric acid content in food.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany.
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trautwein-Schult
authors.forename: Dagmara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jankowska
authors.forename: Arno
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cordes
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoferichter
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matros
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Mock
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baronian
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.forename: Gotthard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kunze
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000378:metabolism; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019271:Hypoxanthine / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004718:Saccharomycetales / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D014503:Urate Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014527:Uric Acid; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D014503:Urate Oxidase; D000225:Adenine