title: Development of animal experimental periodontitis models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An animal periodontitis model is essential for research on the pathogenesis and treatment of periodontal disease. In this study, we have introduced a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of a periodontal pathogen to the alveolar bone defect of experimental animals and investigated its suitability as a periodontitis model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Alveolar bone defects were made in both sides of the mandibular third premolar region of nine beagle dogs. Then, the animals were divided into the following groups: silk ligature tied on the cervical region of tooth group, Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS (P.g. LPS)-saturated collagen with silk ligature group, and no ligature or P.g. LPS application group as the control. The plaque index and gingival index were measured at 0 and 4 weeks postoperatively. The animals were then euthanized and prepared for histologic evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The silk ligature group and P.g. LPS with silk ligature group showed a significantly higher plaque index at 4 weeks compared to the control (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the plaque index between the silk ligature group and P.g. LPS with silk ligature group. The P.g. LPS with silk ligature group showed a significantly higher gingival index compared to the silk ligature group or the control at 4 weeks (P<0.05). Histologic examination presented increased inflammatory cell infiltration in the gingival tissue and alveolar bone of the P.g. LPS with silk ligature group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An additional P.g. LPS-saturated collagen with silk ligature ensured periodontal inflammation at 4 weeks. Therefore, P.g. LPS with silk ligature application to surgically created alveolar bone defects may be a candidate model for experimental periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea. ; Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Jae
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Kyuri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Haeshin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Taegun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Hee-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeong-Soon
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tae-Il
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Animal models; Lipopolysaccharides; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis
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