title: The effects of resveratrol against trifluralin toxicity in the urinary tract of rats.
abstract: The herbicide itself and the degradation products are highly toxic on biological systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential toxic effects of trifluralin (TRF) on the urinary system of male rats and to investigate the protective effects of resveratrol (RSV) in TRF-induced urinary system damage. A total of 35 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into: (1) control group, (2) sham group, (3) low dose TRF group (0.8 g/kg/day), (4) high dose TRF group (2 g/kg/day) and (5) high dose TRF + RSV group 10 mg/kg/day. RSV was administered for 21 days by intragastric gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day after induction of TRF. Kidney, ureter and urinary bladder tissue was examined using light microscopy and ultrastructurally. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling was performed to detect apoptosis. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also evaluated biochemically for oxidative stress parameters. Histological evaluation showed that TRF increases apoptosis and oxidative stress, causes histological tissue damages and biochemical changes in the kidneys but does not cause any damage to the ureter and bladder. Treatment with RSV significantly attenuated tissue damage in the urinary system of rats. Apopitotic cells were significantly decreased in the treatment group. Additionally, treatment with RSV decreased SOD and GPx levels and increased MDA levels in the kidney tissue of animals subjected to TRF. These results show that RSV can significantly minimize histological damage and biochemical differences in treating TRF-induced kidney injury in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ziya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Denek
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Guven
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Erbil
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey seda.ozbal@deu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Seda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozbal
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serap Cilaker
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Micili
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Candan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozogul
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014274:Trifluralin / Q000633:toxicity*; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D013267:Stilbenes; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D014274:Trifluralin; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: Trifluralin; apoptosis; kidney; oxidative stress; resveratrol; urinary tract