title: Spatial distribution of PAH concentrations and stable isotope signatures (δ13C, δ15N) in mosses from three European areas--characterization by multivariate analysis.
abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations and N, C stable isotope signatures were determined in mosses Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. from 61 sites of 3 European regions: Île-de-France (France); Navarra (Spain); the Swiss Plateau and Basel area (Switzerland). Total PAH concentrations of 100-700 ng g(-1), as well as δ(13)C values of -32 to -29‰ and δ(15)N values of -11 to -3‰ were measured. Pearson correlation tests revealed opposite trends between high molecular weight PAH (4-6 aromatic rings) content and δ(13)C values. Partial Least Square regressions explained the very significant correlations (r > 0.91, p < 0.001) between high molecular weight PAH concentrations by local urban land use (<10 km) and environmental factors such as elevation and pluviometry. Finally, specific correlations between heavy metal and PAH concentrations were attributed to industrial emissions in Switzerland and road traffic emissions in Spain.
authors.affiliation: Université de Toulouse, INPT, LCA (Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle), ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, F-31030 Toulouse, France; INRA, LCA (Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle), F-31030 Toulouse, France. Electronic address: louise.foan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Foan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leblond
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thöni
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Raynaud
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Santamaría
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sebilo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Simon
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D044002:Bryophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D019068:Bryopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005602:France; D007221:Industry; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D013030:Spain; D013557:Switzerland
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
keywords: Biomonitoring; Hypnum cupressiforme moss; Multivariate analysis; N and C stable isotope signatures; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon