title: Oxidative stress and lung injury induced by short-term exposure to wood smoke in guinea pigs.
abstract: Oxidative stress and lung injury induced by short-term exposure to wood smoke were evaluated in guinea pigs through cell profile, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), conventional histology and immunohistochemistry (4-hydroxynonenal, 3-nitrotyrosine, Mn-superoxide dismutase, heme oxygenase-1); malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal concentration, Mn-superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities in plasma, lung and BAL. Total cells increased in BAL, and the percentage of macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes augmented (72-96 h). Histopathological examination of lung tissues showed mild thickening of membranous bronchiole walls, infiltration of foamy macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in bronchial, bronchiolar and intraalveolar spaces. Goblet cell hyperplasia was also observed in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelia. Plasma malondialdehyde concentration was increased at all times, while 4-hydroxynonenal was increased only in plasma and BAL after 24 h. Plasma glutathione reductase activity increased at 24 and 72 h, BAL glutathione peroxidase activity decreased at 72 and 96 h, whereas catalase activity increased in plasma at 72 h, and decreased in BAL at 24 h. Immunostaining intensity to 4-hydroxynonenal, 3-nitrotyrosine, Mn-superoxide dismutase and heme oxygenase-1 was enhanced mainly in macrophages, bronchial/bronchiolar epithelial cells and type II pneumocytes after 72-96 h of wood smoke exposure. Overall, short-term exposure to wood smoke induces alterations in oxidative/antioxidant state in lung and airway injury, similar to those observed in humans with domestic exposure.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas , México, DF , México .
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pedraza-Chaverri
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Becerril
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cisneros
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: González-Ávila
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rivera-Rosales
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.forename: O N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Medina-Campos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montaño
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002263:Carboxyhemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D002452:Cell Count; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015208:Smoke Inhalation Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D012906:Smoke; D002263:Carboxyhemoglobin