title: Opportunistic microorganisms in patients undergoing antibiotic therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis.
abstract: Antimicrobial therapy may cause changes in the resident oral microbiota, with the increase of opportunistic pathogens. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of Candida, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae in the oral cavity of fifty patients undergoing antibiotic therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis and systemically healthy controls. Oral rinsing and subgingival samples were obtained, plated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol, mannitol agar and MacConkey agar, and incubated for 48 h at 37°C. Candida spp. and coagulase-positive staphylococci were identified by phenotypic tests, C. dubliniensis, by multiplex PCR, and coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp., by the API systems. The number of Candida spp. was significantly higher in tuberculosis patients, and C. albicans was the most prevalent specie. No significant differences in the prevalence of other microorganisms were observed. In conclusion, the antimicrobial therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis induced significant increase only in the amounts of Candida spp.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Faculdade de Odontologia, São José dos Campos, Universidade Estadual Paulista , São José dos Campos, SP , Brasil.
authors.forename: Silvia Maria Rodrigues
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Querido
authors.forename: Graziella Nuernberg
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Back-Brito
authors.forename: Silvana Soléo Ferreira
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: Mariella Vieira Pereira
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Leão
authors.forename: Cristiane Yumi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Koga-Ito
authors.forename: Antonio Olavo Cardoso
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Jorge
keywords: Candida; Enterobacteriaceae; Pseudomonas spp.; Staphylococcus; tuberculosis
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