title: Bioengineering silicon quantum dot theranostics using a network analysis of metabolomic and proteomic data in cardiac ischemia.
abstract: Metabolomic profiling is ideally suited for the analysis of cardiac metabolism in healthy and diseased states. Here, we show that systematic discovery of biomarkers of ischemic preconditioning using metabolomics can be translated to potential nanotheranostics. Thirty-three patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after myocardial infarction. Blood was sampled from catheters in the coronary sinus, aorta and femoral vein before coronary occlusion and 20 minutes after one minute of coronary occlusion. Plasma was analysed using GC-MS metabolomics and iTRAQ LC-MS/MS proteomics. Proteins and metabolites were mapped into the Metacore network database (GeneGo, MI, USA) to establish functional relevance. Expression of 13 proteins was significantly different (p<0.05) as a result of PCI. Included amongst these was CD44, a cell surface marker of reperfusion injury. Thirty-eight metabolites were identified using a targeted approach. Using PCA, 42% of their variance was accounted for by 21 metabolites. Multiple metabolic pathways and potential biomarkers of cardiac ischemia, reperfusion and preconditioning were identified. CD44, a marker of reperfusion injury, and myristic acid, a potential preconditioning agent, were incorporated into a nanotheranostic that may be useful for cardiovascular applications. Integrating biomarker discovery techniques into rationally designed nanoconstructs may lead to improvements in disease-specific diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: 1. San Jose State University, California. ; 2. University at Buffalo, New York.
authors.forename: Folarin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Erogbogbo
authors.forename: Jasmine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Swihart
authors.forename: Paras N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Katie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smart
authors.forename: Seif El
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jack
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Korcyk
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Mia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jullig
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bakeev
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.forename: Nikolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kasabov
authors.forename: Banu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gopalan
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schliebs
authors.forename: Silas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Villas-Boas
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gladding
mesh_terms: D057005:Bioengineering / Q000379:methods; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D055442:Metabolome; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry; D020543:Proteome; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020543:Proteome; D012825:Silicon
keywords: cardiac ischemia; metabolomics; myocardial infarction.; silicon quantum dots; theranostics
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