title: Color-blind racial ideology: theory, training, and measurement implications in psychology.
abstract: Synthesizing the interdisciplinary literature, we characterize color-blind racial ideology (CBRI) as consisting of two interrelated domains: color-evasion (i.e., denial of racial differences by emphasizing sameness) and power-evasion (i.e., denial of racism by emphasizing equal opportunities). Mounting empirical data suggest that the color-evasion dimension is ineffective and in fact promotes interracial tension and potential inequality. CBRI may be conceived as an ultramodern or contemporary form of racism and a legitimizing ideology used to justify the racial status quo. Four types of CBRI are described: denial of (a) race, (b) blatant racial issues, (c) institutional racism, and (d) White privilege. We discuss empirical findings suggesting a relationship between CBRI and increased racial prejudice, racial anger, and racial fear. Implications for education, training, and research are provided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Psychology.
authors.forename: Helen A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Neville
authors.forename: Germine H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Awad
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Michelle P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bluemel
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D001213:Asian; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D003469:Culture; D003717:Denial, Psychological; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D011209:Power, Psychological; D063505:Racism / Q000523:psychology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States; D044465:White People