title: Augmenting collateral blood flow during ischemic stroke via transient aortic occlusion.
abstract: Collateral circulation provides an alternative route for blood flow to reach ischemic tissue during a stroke. Blood flow through the cerebral collaterals is a critical predictor of clinical prognosis after stroke and response to recanalization, but data on collateral dynamics and collateral therapeutics are lacking. Here, we investigate the efficacy of a novel approach to collateral blood flow augmentation to increase collateral circulation by optically recording blood flow in leptomeningeal collaterals in a clinically relevant model of ischemic stroke. Using high-resolution laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) during thromboembolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), we demonstrate that transiently diverting blood flow from peripheral circulation towards the brain via intra-aortic catheter and balloon induces persistent increases in blood flow through anastomoses between the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. Increased collateral flow restores blood flow in the distal middle cerebral artery segments to baseline levels during aortic occlusion and persists for over 1 hour after removal of the aortic balloon. Given the importance of collateral circulation in predicting stroke outcome and response to treatment, and the potential of collateral flow augmentation as an adjuvant or stand-alone therapy for acute ischemic stroke, this data provide support for further development and translation of collateral therapeutics including transient aortic occlusion.
authors.affiliation: 1] Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada [2] Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Ian R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Winship
authors.affiliation: 1] Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada [2] Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Glenn A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Armitage
authors.affiliation: 1] Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada [2] Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Gomathi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramakrishnan
authors.affiliation: 1] Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada [2] Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: 1] Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada [2] Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Kathryn G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.affiliation: 1] Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada [2] Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Ashfaq
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shuaib
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003097:Collateral Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control
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