title: Functional outcomes associated with adaptive seating interventions in children and youth with wheeled mobility needs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the parent-reported functional outcomes associated with adaptive seating devices for wheeled mobility devices used by young people aged 1 to 17 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Homes of participating parents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents (N=70, 63 mothers, 6 fathers, 1 grandmother) who had children with adaptive seating needs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adaptive seating system for wheeled mobility devices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Family Impact of Assistive Technology Scale for Adaptive Seating (FIATS-AS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All parents completed the FIATS-AS 4 times-2 times before and 2 times after their child received a new adaptive seating system. Mixed-design analysis of variance did not detect significant mean differences among the FIATS-AS scores measured at baseline and 2 and 8 months after receiving the seating system (F2,134=.22, P=.81). However, the FIATS-AS detected a significant interaction between age cohort and interview time (F4,134=4.5, P<.001, partial η(2)=.16). Post hoc testing confirmed that 8 months after receiving the seating system was associated with a large improvement in child and family functioning for children <4 years, maintenance of functioning for children between 4 and 12 years, and a moderate decline in functioning for youth between 13 and 17 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adaptive seating interventions for wheeled mobility devices are associated with functional changes in the lives of children and their families that interact inversely with age. Future controlled longitudinal studies could provide further empirical evidence of functional changes in the lives of children and their families after the introduction and long-term use of specific adaptive seating interventions.
authors.affiliation: Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: sryan@hollandbloorview.ca.
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Bonita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sawatzky
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Kent A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Patricia J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rigby
authors.affiliation: Shriners Hospitals for Children-Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Montpetit
authors.affiliation: Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roxborough
authors.affiliation: Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Lawrence S. Bloomberg, Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Patricia D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: McKeever
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D012656:Self-Help Devices; D014910:Wheelchairs
keywords: Family; Outcome assessment (health care); Rehabilitation; Self-help devices; Wheelchairs