title: Assessment of pain-related behavior and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the rat rotator cuff tear model.
abstract: The cause of pain following rotator cuff tear has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate behavior and inflammatory cytokines in a rat unstabilized rotator cuff defect (UCD) model. Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham; UCD; and stabilized rotator cuff defect (SCD). Gait analysis was examined using CatWalk. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin(IL)-1β, and IL-6 were measured within the subacromial bursa and the glenohumeral joint synovium at 21 and 56 days after surgery using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Stride length, print area and contact intensity in the UCD group was significantly lower than in the sham group after surgery. Stride length, print area and contact intensity in the SCD group was significantly higher than in the UCD group. In contrast, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the UCD group was significantly higher than in the sham group at days 21 and 56. However, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the SCD group was significantly lower than in the UCD group at days 21 and 56. The present results suggest that SCD is effective not only in improving shoulder function but also in reducing inflammatory cytokines, which may serve as one source of pain due to rotator cuff tear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chiba University After Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Nobuyasu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kenmoku
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohtori
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasho
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyagi
authors.forename: Tetsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamoda
authors.forename: Sumihisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Orita
authors.forename: Yuu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kijima
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005684:Gait; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: behavior evaluation; cytokine; pain; rotator cuff repair; rotator cuff tear