title: Kinect Xbox 360 as a therapeutic modality for children with cerebral palsy in a school environment: a preliminary study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited evidence is available about the effectiveness of virtual reality using low cost commercial consoles for children with developmental delay.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this preliminary study is to evaluate the usefulness of a videogame system based on non-immersive virtual reality technology (Xbox 360 KinectTM) to support conventional rehabilitation treatment of children with cerebral palsy. Secondarily, to objectify changes in psychomotor status of children with cerebral palsy after receiving rehabilitation treatment in addition with this last generation game console.
  
  
  METHODS
  11 children with cerebral palsy were included the study. A baseline, a post-treatment and a follow-up assessment were performed related to motor and the process skills, balance, gait speed, running and jumping and fine and manual finger dexterity. All the participants completed 8 weeks of videogame treatment, added to their conventional physiotherapy treatment, with Xbox 360 Kinect™ (Microsoft) game console.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Friedman test showed significant differences among the three assessments for each variable: GMFM (p = 0.001), AMPS motor (p = 0.001), AMPS process (p = 0.010), PRT (p = 0.005) and 10 MW (p = 0.029). Wilcoxon test showed significant statistically differences pre and post-treatment, in all the values. Similarly, results revealed significant differences between basal and follow-up assessment. There were not statistical differences between post-treatment and follow-up evaluation, indicating a long-term maintenance of the improvements achieved after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low cost video games based on motion capture are potential tools in the rehabilitation context in children with CP. Our Kinect Xbox 360 protocol has showed improvements in balance and ADL in CP participants in a school environment, but further studies are need to validate the potential benefits of these video game systems as a supplement for rehabilitation of children with CP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Luna-Oliva
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa María
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cano-de la Cuerda
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa Martínez
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Piédrola
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Alguacil-Diego
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Camarero
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María Del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Martínez Culebras
mesh_terms: D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005716:Game Theory; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D063367:Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: Cerebral palsy; child; rehabilitation; video games; virtual reality