title: [Interference of vitamin E on the brain tissue damage by electromagnetic radiation of cell phone in pregnant and fetal rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the interlerence ot vitamin E on brain tissue damage by electromagnetic radiation of cell phone in pregnant and fetal rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 pregnant rats were randomly divided into five groups (positive control, negative control, low, middle and high dosage of vitamin E groups). The low, middle and high dosage of vitamin E groups were supplemented with 5, 15 and 30 mg/ml vitamin E respectively since the first day of pregnancy. And the negative control group and the positive control group were given peanut oil without vitamin E. All groups except for the negative control group were exposed to 900MHz intensity of cell phone radiation for one hour each time, three times per day for 21 days. After accouchement, the right hippocampus tissue of fetal rats in each group was taken and observed under electron microscope. The vitality of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in pregnant and fetal rats' brain tissue were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the negative control group, the chondriosomes in neuron and neuroglia of brain tissues was swelling, mild edema was found around the capillary, chromatin was concentrated and collected, and bubbles were formed in vascular endothelial cells (VEC) in the positive fetal rat control group, whereas the above phenomenon was un-conspicuous in the middle and high dosage of vitamin E groups. We can see uniform chromatin, abundant mitochondrion, rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes in the high dosage group. The apoptosis has not fond in all groups'sections. In the antioxidase activity analysis, compared with the negative control group, the vitality of SOD and GSH-Px significantly decreased and the content of MDA significantly increased both in the pregnant and fetal rats positive control group (P < 0.05). In fetal rats, the vitality of SOD and GSH-Px significantly increased in the brain tissues of all three different vitamin E dosages groups when compared with the positive control group, and the content of MDA was found significantly decreased in both middle and high dosage of vitamin E groups(P < 0.05). The same results have also been found in high dosage pregnant rat group, but in middle dosage group only SOD activity was found increased with significance (P < 0.05). With the dosage increase of vitamin E, the vitality of SOD and GSH-Px was increasing and the content of MDA was decreasing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under the experimental dosage, vitamin E has certain interference on damage of antioxidant capacity and energy metabolization induced by electromagnetic radiation of cell phone in pregnant rats and fetal rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, ChinaDepartment of Public Health, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhishun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D040421:Cell Phone; D060733:Electromagnetic Radiation; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D014810:Vitamin E