title: [Th17 cells and IL-17 are increased in patients with brain metastases from the primary lung cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Th17 cells are important T helper cells, which are characterized by their production of IL-17. Th17 cells play an important role in host defense against microbial infections, autoimmune diseases and cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the percentage of Th17 in peripheral blood lymphocyte and the level of IL-17 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with brain metastases from lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients with brain metastases from lung cancer and 20 health controls were analyzed. The percentage of Th17 cell was detected with flow cytometry using CD3+CD4+IL-23R+ marker, the level of IL-17 was measured with ELISA method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of Th17 cells in patients with brain metastases from lung cancer was 4.65%±0.72%, which was remarkably higher than that in controls (2.71%±0.54%, P=0.04). There was no significant difference between non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Serum IL-17 was remarkably increased in patients with brain metastases from lung cancer (117.4±16.43 pg/mL vs 72.55±8.19 pg/mL, P=0.02). No significant difference of the serum IL-17 was observed between NSCLC and SCLC patients. The level of IL-17 in CSF from patients with brain metastases from lung cancer was significant higher than that from lung cancer patients without brain metastases (73.21±7.52 pg/mL vs 50.25±8.04 pg/mL, P=0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Th17 cells and IL-17 increase in patients with brain metastases from lung cancer. It may involve in the pathogenesis of brain metastases from lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tianjin No.4 Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China.
authors.forename: Gaiping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Baowen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Liangjie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Zhonglan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Guoyan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Xianwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Peigang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000556:secondary; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D020381:Interleukin-17
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2011 Oct;121(10):4030-42
references.pmid: 21881210
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2009 Jul 6;206(7):1457-64
references.pmid: 19564351
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1999 Aug 1;59(15):3698-704
references.pmid: 10446984
references.citation: Blood. 2003 Apr 1;101(7):2620-7
references.pmid: 12411307
references.citation: CA Cancer J Clin. 2012 Jan-Feb;62(1):10-29
references.pmid: 22237781
references.citation: Blood. 2010 Jul 1;115(26):5385-92
references.pmid: 20395418
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 2013 Jan;182(1):10-20
references.pmid: 23159950
references.citation: Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 Nov;158(2):199-204
references.pmid: 19737137
references.citation: Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Nov 1;14(21):6770-9
references.pmid: 18980970
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2011 Feb 15;71(4):1263-71
references.pmid: 21303976
references.citation: Immunity. 2009 Nov 20;31(5):787-98
references.pmid: 19879162
references.citation: Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2013 Jul;16(7):382-6
references.pmid: 23866671
references.citation: Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2010 May;13(5):488-93
references.pmid: 20677647
references.citation: Blood. 2008 Jul 15;112(2):362-73
references.pmid: 18354038
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2009 Oct;119(10):3011-23
references.pmid: 19741298
references.citation: Blood. 2013 Mar 28;121(13):2402-14
references.pmid: 23325835
references.citation: Blood. 2002 Mar 15;99(6):2114-21
references.pmid: 11877287