title: Tumor growth reduction is regulated at the gene level in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats supplemented with fish oil rich in EPA and DHA.
abstract: We investigated the effect of fish oil (FO) supplementation on tumor growth, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and RelA gene and protein expression in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. Male Wistar rats (70 days old) were fed with regular chow (group W) or chow supplemented with 1 g/kg body weight FO daily (group WFO) until they reached 100 days of age. Both groups were then inoculated with a suspension of Walker 256 ascitic tumor cells (3 × 10(7) cells/mL). After 14 days the rats were killed, total RNA was isolated from the tumor tissue, and relative mRNA expression was measured using the 2(-ΔΔCT) method. FO significantly decreased tumor growth (W=13.18 ± 1.58 vs WFO=5.40 ± 0.88 g, P<0.05). FO supplementation also resulted in a significant decrease in COX-2 (W=100.1 ± 1.62 vs WFO=59.39 ± 5.53, P<0.001) and PPARγ (W=100.4 ± 1.04 vs WFO=88.22 ± 1.46, P<0.05) protein expression. Relative mRNA expression was W=1.06 ± 0.022 vs WFO=0.31 ± 0.04 (P<0.001) for COX-2, W=1.08 ± 0.02 vs WFO=0.52 ± 0.08 (P<0.001) for PPARγ, and W=1.04 ± 0.02 vs WFO=0.82 ± 0.04 (P<0.05) for RelA. FO reduced tumor growth by attenuating inflammatory gene expression associated with carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Fisiologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, CuritibaPR, Brasil.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borghetti
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: D C T
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Pequito
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Schiessel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kryczyk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mamus
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naliwaiko
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002279:Carcinoma 256, Walker / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008297:Male; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005395:Fish Oils; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D047495:PPAR gamma; C498145:Rela protein, rat; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
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