title: The influence of switching from risperidone to paliperidone on the extrapyramidal symptoms and cognitive function in elderly patients with schizophrenia: a preliminary open-label trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was to evaluate the effects on clinical symptoms and cognitive function of switching the treatment of elderly patients with schizophrenia from risperidone to paliperidone (PAL).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a 12-weeks, preliminary open-label trial. The subjects were 17 inpatients. Their extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) were assessed using the Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale (DIEPSS), Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), and Barnes Akathisia Scale (BAS), and their cognitive function was assessed using the Brief Assessment Cognition in Schizophrenia: Japanese language version (BACS-J), and their clinical symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Clinical Global Impression-Severity of illness scale (CGI-S) at the 0 and 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The DIEPSS and BAS significantly improved after switching from risperidone to PAL. Furthermore, improvement was found on AIMS. The mean change from baseline in z-score of the digit sequencing task was significantly increased. All items on the PANSS and CGI-S were not significant; however, changes in some cognitive function were correlated with changes in EPS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest the possibility that switching elderly patients from risperidone to PAL may have improved pre-existing EPS, and may also have helped improve working memory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Suzuki Clinic [H.S.] , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Keishi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gen
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hibino
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Katsunaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mikami
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017109:Akathisia, Drug-Induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D057915:Drug Substitution; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018967:Risperidone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D007555:Isoxazoles; D011743:Pyrimidines; D018967:Risperidone; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate