title: Nitrogen dioxide and allergic sensitization in the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Allergic sensitization is a risk factor for asthma and allergic diseases. The relationship between ambient air pollution and allergic sensitization is unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between ambient air pollution and allergic sensitization in a nationally representative sample of the US population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We linked annual average concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter ≤10 μm (PM10), particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), and summer concentrations of ozone (O3), to allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) data for participants in the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). In addition to the monitor-based air pollution estimates, we used the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to increase the representation of rural participants in our sample. Logistic regression with population-based sampling weights was used to calculate adjusted prevalence odds ratios per 10 ppb increase in O3 and NO2, per 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM10, and per 5 μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 adjusting for race, gender, age, socioeconomic status, smoking, and urban/rural status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using CMAQ data, increased levels of NO2 were associated with positive IgE to any (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04, 1.27), inhalant (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02, 1.33), and indoor (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03, 1.31) allergens. Higher PM2.5 levels were associated with positivity to indoor allergen-specific IgE (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13, 1.36). Effect estimates were similar using monitored data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased ambient NO2 was consistently associated with increased prevalence of allergic sensitization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Charles H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Weir
authors.forename: Karin B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Yeatts
authors.forename: Jeremy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sarnat
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vizuete
authors.forename: Päivi M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Salo
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaramillo
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Cohn
authors.forename: Haitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Darryl C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Zeldin
authors.forename: Stephanie J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: London
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D015995:Prevalence; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide
keywords: Air pollution; Allergic; Epidemiology; IgE; NHANES; Sensitization
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