title: Soluble TWEAK levels are independently associated with coronary artery disease severity in patients with stage 2-3 kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a greater rate of cardiovascular mortality compared with the general population. The soluble form of TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) plays a role in cellular proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. The current study aimed to analyze whether soluble TWEAK levels are associated with the severity of coronary arterial disease (CAD) in CKD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven patients diagnosed with CKD stages 2-3 according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate and the presence of kidney injury were included in the study. Plasma sTWEAK concentrations were determined using commercially available ELISA kits. Coronary angiographies were performed through femoral artery access using the Judkins technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correlation analysis of sTWEAK and Gensini scores showed significant association (p < 0.01, r (2) = 0.287). When patients were divided into two groups with a limit of 17 according to their Gensini score, sTWEAK levels indicated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate a relationship between sTWEAK levels and CAD in CKD stages 2-3 patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, dralperazak@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azak
authors.forename: Mehmet Fatih
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Akdoğan
authors.forename: Nazım
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Denizli
authors.forename: Bülent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huddam
authors.forename: Gülay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koçak
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gücün
authors.forename: Mustafa Adem
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tatlısu
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dikeç
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakırtaş
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akdağ
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duranay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000074049:Cytokine TWEAK; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000074049:Cytokine TWEAK; C109743:TNFSF12 protein, human; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors
references.citation: Kidney Int. 2006 Nov;70(10):1750-8
references.pmid: 17003819
references.citation: Stroke. 2006 Aug;37(8):2044-53
references.pmid: 16809572
references.citation: J Nephrol. 2013 Jan-Feb;26(1):136-43
references.pmid: 22505251
references.citation: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Jan;4(1):110-8
references.pmid: 18945991
references.citation: Am J Kidney Dis. 2003 Oct;42(4 Suppl 3):S1-201
references.pmid: 14520607
references.citation: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006 Apr;17(4 Suppl 2):S61-3
references.pmid: 16565249
references.citation: Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2009;5:713-22
references.pmid: 19756163
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43919
references.pmid: 22937125
references.citation: Radiology. 1967 Nov;89(5):815-24
references.pmid: 6048074
references.citation: Kidney Int. 2002 Oct;62(4):1402-7
references.pmid: 12234312
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 1983 Feb;51(3):606
references.pmid: 6823874
references.citation: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007 Apr;27(4):916-22
references.pmid: 17272745
references.citation: J Cell Mol Med. 2009 Sep;13(9B):3329-42
references.pmid: 19426154
references.citation: JAMA. 2009 Oct 28;302(16):1782-9
references.pmid: 19861670
references.citation: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009 Dec;29(12):2061-8
references.pmid: 19778942
references.citation: Atherosclerosis. 2009 Nov;207(1):103-10
references.pmid: 19473660
references.citation: Ann Intern Med. 1999 Mar 16;130(6):461-70
references.pmid: 10075613
references.citation: Coron Artery Dis. 2013 Mar;24(2):119-26
references.pmid: 23211477
references.citation: Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008 May;7(5):411-25
references.pmid: 18404150
references.citation: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Nov;4(11):1716-23
references.pmid: 19820131