title: GESFIDE-PROPELLER approach for simultaneous R2 and R2* measurements in the abdomen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the feasibility of combining GESFIDE with PROPELLER sampling approaches for simultaneous abdominal R2 and R2* mapping.
  
  
  METHODS
  R2 and R2* measurements were performed in 9 healthy volunteers and phantoms using the GESFIDE-PROPELLER and the conventional Cartesian-sampling GESFIDE approaches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Images acquired with the GESFIDE-PROPELLER sequence effectively mitigated the respiratory motion artifacts, which were clearly evident in the images acquired using the conventional GESFIDE approach. There was no significant difference between GESFIDE-PROPELLER and reference MGRE R2* measurements (p=0.162) whereas the Cartesian-sampling based GESFIDE methods significantly overestimated R2* values compared to MGRE measurements (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GESFIDE-PROPELLER sequence provided high quality images and accurate abdominal R2 and R2* maps while avoiding the motion artifacts common to the conventional Cartesian-sampling GESFIDE approaches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Chicago, IL, USA; Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: ning.jin@siemens.com.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zhuoli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Longjiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Larson
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: GESFIDE; PROPELLER; R2/R2* mapping; abdominal
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