title: The fast emergency vehicle pre-emption system improved the outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ambulance response time is a major factor associated with survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs); the fast emergency vehicle pre-emption system (FAST™) aids response time by controlling traffic signals. This eight-year observational study investigated whether FAST™ implementation reduced response times and improved OHCA outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data was prospectively collected from 1161 OHCAs that were not witnessed by emergency medical technicians from April 1, 2003, to March 31, 2011. The study took place in Kanazawa city, where ambulances without FAST™ (non-FAST™-equipped) were being progressively replaced by new FAST™-equipped ambulances. OHCA data, including the response times recorded in seconds, were collected and compared between the FAST™-equipped and non-FAST™-equipped ambulances. OHCA outcomes were subsequently compared in the subgroup of OHCAs managed by emergency medical technicians without tracheal intubation or epinephrine administration. The primary end-point of this study was one-year (1-Y) survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median response time significantly differed between the FAST™-equipped and non-FAST™-equipped groups at 327 and 381 s, respectively. The 1-Y survival rates were 7.0% in the FAST™-equipped group and 2.8% in the non-FAST™-equipped group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the dispatch of a FAST™-equipped ambulance was an independent factor for 1-Y survival (adjusted odds ratio = 3.077, 95% confidence interval = 1.180-9.350).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FAST™ implementation significantly reduced ambulance response times and improved OHCA outcomes in Kanazawa city.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medical Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamasaku
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inaba
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000552:Ambulances / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058687:Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors