title: Attenuation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytotoxicity by tocopherols and tocotrienols.
abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces host inflammatory responses and tissue injury and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various age-related diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, vascular diseases, and periodontal disease. Antioxidants, particularly vitamin E, have been shown to suppress oxidative stress induced by LPS, but the previous studies with different vitamin E isoforms gave inconsistent results. In the present study, the protective effects of α- and γ-tocopherols and α- and γ-tocotrienols on the oxidative stress induced by LPS against human lung carcinoma A549 cells were studied. They suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen formation, lipid peroxidation, induction of inflammatory mediator cytokines, and cell death. Tocopherols were incorporated into cultured cells much slower than tocotrienols but could suppress LPS-induced oxidative stress at much lower intracellular concentration than tocotrienols. Considering the bioavailability, it was concluded that α-tocopherol may exhibit the highest protective capacity among the vitamin E isoforms against LPS-induced oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Ikeda 563-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akazawa
authors.forename: Mototada
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shichiri
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwahashi
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hagihara
authors.forename: Yasukazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Etsuo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Niki
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology*; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D024508:Tocotrienols; D024505:Tocopherols
keywords: DCFH, Dichlorofluorescein; DPPP, Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine; LPS, Lipopolysaccharide; Lipid peroxidation; Lipopolysaccharide (LPS); MTT, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5-dipheyltetrazolium bromide; NF-κB, Nuclear factor-kappaB; Oxidative stress; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; SP-D, Pulmonary surfactant protein D; TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor α; Toc, Tocopherol; Toc3, Tocotrienol; Tocopherol; Tocotrienol; Vitamin E
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