title: Role of filamentous phage SW1 in regulating the lateral flagella of Shewanella piezotolerans strain WP3 at low temperatures.
abstract: Low-temperature ecosystems represent the largest biosphere on Earth, and yet our understanding of the roles of bacteriophages in these systems is limited. Here, the influence of the cold-active filamentous phage SW1 on the phenotype and gene transcription of its host, Shewanella piezotolerans WP3 (WP3), was investigated by construction of a phage-free strain (WP3ΔSW1), which was compared with the wild-type strain. The expression of 49 genes, including 16 lateral flagellar genes, was found to be significantly influenced by SW1 at 4°C, as demonstrated by comparative whole-genome microarray analysis. WP3ΔSW1 was shown to have a higher production of lateral flagella than WP3 and enhanced swarming motility when cultivated on solid agar plates. Besides, SW1 has a remarkable impact on the expression of a variety of host genes in liquid culture, particularly the genes related to the membrane and to the production of lateral flagella. These results suggest that the deep-sea bacterium WP3 might balance the high-energy demands of phage maintenance and swarming motility at low temperatures. The phage SW1 is shown to have a significant influence on the swarming ability of the host and thus may play an important role in adjusting the fitness of the cells in the deep-sea environment.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huahua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Fengping
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D003080:Cold Temperature; D005407:Flagella / Q000378:metabolism*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D017912:Inovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D020592:Shewanella / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D012329:RNA, Bacterial
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