title: Monitoring of seasonality of norovirus and other enteric viruses in Cameroon by real-time PCR: an exploratory study.
abstract: We studied the seasonal fluctuation of norovirus and other enteric viruses in Cameroon. Two hundred participants aged between 1 and 69 years were prospectively followed up. Each participant provided monthly faecal samples over a 12-month period. A total of 2484 samples were tested using multiplex real-time PCR assay for the detection of norovirus, rotavirus and enterovirus. The effect of weather variables and risk factors were analysed by Pearson correlation and bivariate analysis. Overall, enterovirus was the most commonly detected virus (21·6% of specimens), followed by norovirus (3·9%) and rotavirus (0·4%). Norovirus and enterovirus were detected throughout the year with a peak of norovirus detection at the beginning of the rainy season and a significant alternation of circulation of norovirus genogroups from one month to the next. Age <5 years and consumption of tap water were risk factors for norovirus infection. Better understanding of factors influencing transmission and seasonality may provide insights into the relationship between physical environment and risk of infection for these viruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases/Section of Clinical Virology, Institute of Biomedicine,University of Gothenburg,Gothenburg,Sweden.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ayukekbong
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases/Section of Clinical Virology, Institute of Biomedicine,University of Gothenburg,Gothenburg,Sweden.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science,University of Skövde,Skövde,Sweden.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vansarla
authors.affiliation: Camyaids Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis and Clinical Research, Douala,Cameroon.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tah
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science Diagnostic Laboratory,University of Buea,Buea,Cameroon.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nkuo-Akenji
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases/Section of Clinical Virology, Institute of Biomedicine,University of Gothenburg,Gothenburg,Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindh
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases/Section of Clinical Virology, Institute of Biomedicine,University of Gothenburg,Gothenburg,Sweden.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bergström
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029322:Norovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012327:RNA Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012621:Seasons; D055815:Young Adult
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