title: Who are the men who have sex with men in Spain that have never been tested for HIV?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of the study were to describe the sociodemographic profile of men who have sex with men (MSM) who have never been tested for HIV and to analyse factors associated with never having been tested.
  
  
  METHODS
  The European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS) was implemented in 2010 in 38 European countries on websites for MSM and collected data on sociodemographics, sexual behaviour, and other sexual health variables. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess variables associated with never having been tested for HIV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 13,111 respondents living in Spain, 26% had never been tested for HIV. Those who had never been tested were significantly more likely to live in a settlement with fewer than 100,000 inhabitants, be younger than 25 years old, have a lower education level, be a student, and identify themselves as bisexual. In the multivariate analysis, to have never been tested for HIV was associated with being born in Spain [odds ratio (OR) 1.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.192-1.539], living outside large settlements (OR 1.37; 95% CI 1.216-1.534), being younger than 25 years old (OR 2.94; 95% CI 2.510-3.441), being out to no one or only a few people (OR 2.16; 95% CI 1.938-2.399), having had no nonsteady partners in the last 12 months (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.109-1.422), and being not at all confident to access HIV testing (OR 3.66; 95% CI 2.676-5.003), among others factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The profile of the MSM who had never been tested for HIV indicates that most of them were men who were hard to reach (young, bisexual men, in the closet). Interventions should aim to improve access to and the convenience of testing.
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Stop Sida, Barcelona; Faculty of Psychology, Physical and Educational Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fernández-Dávila
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Folch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Casabona
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001727:Bisexuality / Q000523:psychology; D003710:Demography; D004522:Educational Status; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology*; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: HIV; HIV testing; men who have sex with men; sexual behaviour