title: The effect of pre-competition training on biochemical indices and immune function of volleyball players.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pre-competition sports training can have varying effects on an athlete's immune function, including causing reduced resistance. The aim of this study was to explore effects of pre-competition training on some biochemical indices and immunologic functions in top-level volleyball athletes to determine whether training should be modified for optimal health.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biochemical indices (Hb, BUN, CK, LDH) and immunologic function (IgA, IgG, IgM, CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+)) were detected by semiautomatic biochemistry analyzer, light scattering photometer, or flow cytometry in sera from 24 top-level volleyball athletes and compared before and after pre-competition training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After training, the levels of Hb, IgA, IgG, IgM, and CD4(+) and the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio decreased significantly, while BUN, CK, LDH, and CD8(+) increased significantly (P < 0.05). Further, the decrease in Hb levels in female athletes was more significant than that in male athletes (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that pre-competition training affects biochemical indices and immunologic function in this group of athletes. Additionally, more dramatic changes in Hb in female athletes may indicate a need for adapted training loads and rest periods for females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Qing
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Ai-Qing
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shang-Bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shu-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ruan
keywords: First-grade volleyball athlete; biochemical indexes; immunologic function
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