title: Adult age differences, response management, and cue focality in event-based prospective memory: a meta-analysis on the role of task order specificity.
abstract: The present meta-analysis investigated whether event-based prospective memory (PM) age effects differ by task order specificity. In specified PM tasks, the order of the ongoing and the PM task response is predetermined, which imposes demands on cognitive control to navigate the possible response options. In contrast, unspecified PM tasks do not require responding in a particular order. Based on 57 studies and more than 5,500 younger and older adults, results showed larger PM age effects in specified compared with unspecified PM tasks. Additionally, the effect of task focality on age differences was replicated. Results suggest that both pre- and postretrieval processes independently affect PM age effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Geneva.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ihle
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hering
authors.forename: Caitlin E V
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Mahy
authors.forename: Patrizia S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Bisiacchi
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kliegel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003463:Cues; D006801:Humans; D061212:Memory, Episodic; D008875:Middle Aged; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult