title: Respiratory dysrhythmia in dementia with Lewy bodies: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common form of neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD). DLB is characterised by intracytoplasmic inclusions called Lewy bodies that are often seen in the brainstem. Because modulation of the respiratory rhythm is one of the most important functions of the brainstem, patients with DLB may exhibit dysrhythmic breathing. This hypothesis has not yet been systematically studied. Therefore, we evaluated the association between DLB and dysrhythmic breathing.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study consecutive inpatients who were admitted for the evaluation of progressive cognitive impairment were enrolled. We assessed breathing irregularity using polysomnographic recordings on bed rest with closed eyes, without reference to the clinical differentiation among DLB, AD and having no dementia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single centre in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 patients with DLB , 21 with AD and 12 without dementia were enrolled in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The coefficient of variation (CV) of the breath-to-breath time was calculated. We also examined the amplitude spectrum A(f) obtained using the fast Fourier transform and Shannon entropy S of A(f) in patients with DLB compared with patients with AD and patients without dementia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The values of CV and entropy S were significantly higher in patients with DLB than in patients with AD and patients without dementia. No significant differences were observed between patients with AD and patients without dementia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with DLB exhibit dysrhythmic breathing compared with patients with AD and patients without dementia. Dysrhythmic breathing is a new clinical feature of DLB and the spectral analysis of breathing patterns can be clinically useful for the diagnostic differentiation of DLB from AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hibi
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Umeda-Kameyama
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: Miwako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Momose
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akishita
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouchi
keywords: RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (see Thoracic Medicine); SLEEP MEDICINE
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