title: [Epidermoid neoplasm of the fourth ventricle. Report of two cases].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  epidermoid neoplasm (EN) accounts for 1 % of whole intracranial neoplasms. Usually, it is found at the cerebello-pontine angle and the location in the fourth ventricle (FV) is rare. The aim was to report two cases of EN of the FV.
  
  
  METHODS
  case 1: a female 22 year old presented with an intense headache with a history of 3 months. At the hospital entry, symptoms and signs of high intracranial pressure were found. Tomography images showed hydrocephalus with high pressure in the FV. She was treated with a shunt from ventricular to peritoneal cavity. After that an encapsulated neoplasm was drawn. It had a pearled aspect. The histology report showed an EN originating in the FV. Case 2: a female 44 year old with a history of five years of dizziness; three years before admission she presented intermittent diplopia and disophagia. At the hospital admission the patient presented paresis of the 6th and 7th cranial nerve. The tomography and the magnetic resonance studies showed a mass in the FV. The neoplasm was extirpated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the EN of the FV is an infrequent benign lesion. Magnetic resonance is the standard diagnostic study, but it could lead to confusion with neurocisticercosis. The extirpation and the treatment of the hydrocephalus are indicated.
authors.affiliation: Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, Mexico. jorge_santos@unam.mx
authors.forename: Jorge Arturo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Santos-Franco
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vallejo-Moncada
authors.forename: Griselda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Collado-Arce
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Villalpando-Navarrete
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandoval-Balanzario
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D004814:Epidermal Cyst / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D020546:Fourth Ventricle; D006801:Humans; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: brain neoplasms; cuarto ventrículo; epidermal cyst; fourth ventricle; neoplasias encefálicas; quiste epidérmico