title: Effect of postoperative xylazine administration on cardiopulmonary function and recovery quality after isoflurane anesthesia in horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate equine cardiopulmonary function and recovery quality after administration of 0.25 or 0.50 mg/kg xylazine intravenously (IV) during recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, blinded, prospective, clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horses (n = 20).
  
  
  METHODS
  During recovery after 3 hours of isoflurane anesthesia for arthroscopic surgery, horses were administered either 0.25 mg/kg (G25, n = 10) or 0.50 mg/kg (G50, n = 10) xylazine intravenously. Vital signs and arterial blood samples were obtained during recovery before sedation (baseline), 5, 10, 20, 30, and 45 minutes after xylazine and 30 minutes after standing. The quality of recovery scores ranged from 10 to 72 (10 = best, 72 = worst).
  
  
  RESULTS
  G25 horses recovered faster (mean ± SD, 33 ± 5 min) than G50 horses (50 ± 7 min, P < .0001). Mean maximal decrease in arterial oxygen tension was 55 ± 11 mmHg in G25 (at 10 minutes; P < .05) and 54 ± 7 mmHg in G50 (at 20 minutes; P < .01). G25 group had a total recovery score (23 [range 18-29]) and number of attempts to stand (4 ± 2) greater than the G50 group (18 [10-23] and 1 ± 1, respectively; P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both doses of xylazine promoted a moderate and transient hypoxemia during recovery; however, the 0.5 mg/kg dose produced a longer and improved quality of recovery from anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Investigação Médica LIM-08, Anestesiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Keila K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Ida
authors.forename: Denise T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Fantoni
authors.forename: Bruna T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Ibiapina
authors.forename: Maria-Teresa M R
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Souto
authors.forename: André L V
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Zoppa
authors.forename: Luis Claudio L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Aline M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ambrósio
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000662:veterinary*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000097:blood; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001831:Body Temperature; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006736:Horses; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014991:Xylazine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D001639:Bicarbonates; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D014991:Xylazine; D007530:Isoflurane; D010100:Oxygen