title: Increased plasma norepinephrine levels in previously pre-eclamptic women.
abstract: A history of pre-eclampsia increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity by mechanisms yet unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess whether plasma norepinephrine (NE) levels are increased 5-6 years after pre-eclamptic pregnancy and to investigate associations with pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiovascular disease: insulin sensitivity, vascular function and arterial pressure. A total of 28 women with previous pre-eclampsia and 20 controls were examined. Blood pressure (BP) and plasma levels of NE and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were measured at rest and after standing for 5 min. Insulin sensitivity was assessed with minimal model analysis and vascular function was assessed using venous occlusion plethysmography and pulse wave analysis. Twenty-four-hour BP measurements were carried out. Women with previous pre-eclampsia had higher levels of NE at rest (P=0.02), which did not associate significantly with insulin sensitivity or overall vasodilatory capacity. The 24-h mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BPs) and heart rate did not differ between the groups (P=0.30, P=0.10 and P=0.46, respectively), and there was no significant association with NE levels. ET-1 levels were similar between the groups, but a positive correlation with systolic (P=0.04) and diastolic (P=0.03) BPs in the upright position was shown in the patient group. Increased levels of plasma NE are sustained in women with previous pre-eclampsia and may contribute to the increased risk for cardiovascular disease in these women.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland [2] Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland [3] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lampinen
authors.affiliation: 1] Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland [2] Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rönnback
authors.affiliation: 1] Folkhälsan Research Center, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland [2] Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: P-H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Groop
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Nicholls
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Yandle
authors.affiliation: University of Åbo, Satakunta Central Hospital, Björneborg, Finland.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kaaja
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019332:Endothelin-1; D009638:Norepinephrine
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