title: Molecular characterization and phylogeny of whipworm nematodes inferred from DNA sequences of cox1 mtDNA and 18S rDNA.
abstract: A molecular phylogenetic hypothesis is presented for the genus Trichuris based on sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) and ribosomal 18S genes. The taxa consisted of different described species and several host-associated isolates (undescribed taxa) of Trichuris collected from hosts from Spain. Sequence data from mitochondrial cox1 (partial gene) and nuclear 18S near-complete gene were analyzed by maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods, as separate and combined datasets, to evaluate phylogenetic relationships among taxa. Phylogenetic results based on 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were robust for relationships among species; cox1 sequences delimited species and revealed phylogeographic variation, but most relationships among Trichuris species were poorly resolved by mitochondrial sequences. The phylogenetic hypotheses for both genes strongly supported monophyly of Trichuris, and distinct genetic lineages corresponding to described species or nematodes associated with certain hosts were recognized based on cox1 sequences. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on concatenated sequences of the two loci, cox1 (mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)) and 18S rDNA, were congruent with the overall topology inferred from 18S and previously published results based on internal transcribed spacer sequences. Our results demonstrate that the 18S rDNA and cox1 mtDNA genes provide resolution at different levels, but together resolve relationships among geographic populations and species in the genus Trichuris.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Callejón
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nadler
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Rojas
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zurita
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petrášová
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cutillas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058974:Phylogeography; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013030:Spain; D014258:Trichuris / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
references.citation: PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(2):e1539
references.pmid: 22363831
references.citation: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2001 Oct;21(1):1-16
references.pmid: 11603932
references.citation: Parasitol Res. 2002 Jun;88(6):574-82
references.pmid: 12107482
references.citation: Bioinformatics. 2003 Aug 12;19(12):1505-13
references.pmid: 12912831
references.citation: Int J Parasitol. 1999 Jul;29(7):1113-20
references.pmid: 10501621
references.citation: Parasitology. 2011 Nov;138(13):1688-709
references.pmid: 21281559
references.citation: Bioinformatics. 2003 Aug 12;19(12):1572-4
references.pmid: 12912839
references.citation: Evolution. 1993 Aug;47(4):1105-1117
references.pmid: 28564288
references.citation: Nature. 1998 Mar 5;392(6671):71-5
references.pmid: 9510248
references.citation: BMC Evol Biol. 2013 Jan 18;13:12
references.pmid: 23331769
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2006 Sep;23(9):1792-800
references.pmid: 16790472
references.citation: Parasitology. 1998 Mar;116 ( Pt 3):289-97
references.pmid: 9550222
references.citation: Parasitol Res. 2007 Apr;100(5):921-7
references.pmid: 17206504
references.citation: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2007 Mar;42(3):622-36
references.pmid: 17084644
references.citation: Genetics. 2001 Feb;157(2):621-37
references.pmid: 11156984
references.citation: Mitochondrial DNA. 2011 Aug;22(4):91-3
references.pmid: 22040074
references.citation: Gut. 2005 Jan;54(1):87-90
references.pmid: 15591509
references.citation: Exp Parasitol. 2011 Nov;129(3):299-302
references.pmid: 21864533
references.citation: Infect Genet Evol. 2002 Dec;2(2):83-95
references.pmid: 12797984
references.citation: Parasitology. 2007 Sep;134(Pt 10):1421-42
references.pmid: 17506928
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 1998 Dec;15(12):1719-27
references.pmid: 9866206
references.citation: Int J Parasitol. 1997 Nov;27(11):1383-7
references.pmid: 9421728
references.citation: Parasitology. 2012 Nov;139(13):1795-812
references.pmid: 22906769
references.citation: Parasitol Res. 2010 Aug;107(3):631-41
references.pmid: 20473527
references.citation: J Parasitol. 1984 Oct;70(5):842-3
references.pmid: 6512651
references.citation: Acta Trop. 2009 Sep;111(3):299-307
references.pmid: 19467214
references.citation: Acta Trop. 2009 May-Jun;110(2-3):112-36
references.pmid: 19073132
references.citation: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2008 Aug;48(2):728-44
references.pmid: 18502668
references.citation: Bioinformatics. 2005 May 1;21(9):2104-5
references.pmid: 15647292
references.citation: Int J Parasitol. 2007 Apr;37(5):457-64
references.pmid: 17313951
references.citation: Genetics. 2006 Nov;174(3):1229-36
references.pmid: 16980393
references.citation: Genetics. 1994 Mar;136(3):903-12
references.pmid: 7911772
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 May 9;103(19):7354-9
references.pmid: 16651518
references.citation: J Parasitol. 2004 Jun;90(3):648-52
references.pmid: 15270116
references.citation: Parasite. 1994 Jun;1(2):141-51
references.pmid: 9140481
references.citation: Parasitol Res. 2007 Jan;100(2):383-9
references.pmid: 17004099
references.citation: Parasitol Res. 2000 Dec;86(12):1008-13
references.pmid: 11133103
references.citation: Anim Cogn. 2009 Jan;12(1):63-73
references.pmid: 18574603
references.citation: Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1993 Feb;57(2):231-9
references.pmid: 8094539
references.citation: Genetics. 1993 Apr;133(4):933-42
references.pmid: 8462851
references.citation: J Mol Evol. 1993 Oct;37(4):380-98
references.pmid: 7508516
references.citation: Bioinformatics. 2006 Nov 1;22(21):2688-90
references.pmid: 16928733
references.citation: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 1999 Nov;13(2):348-59
references.pmid: 10603263
references.citation: Vet Parasitol. 2012 Aug 13;188(1-2):68-77
references.pmid: 22494938
references.citation: Vet Parasitol. 2012 May 25;186(3-4):350-63
references.pmid: 22136768
references.citation: Trends Parasitol. 2008 Jan;24(1):24-8
references.pmid: 18023259
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e44187
references.pmid: 22952922
references.citation: Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol. 1994 Oct;3(5):294-9
references.pmid: 7881515
references.citation: Syst Biol. 1997 Mar;46(1):145-79
references.pmid: 11975351
references.citation: Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1998 Sep 1;95(1):111-27
references.pmid: 9763293
references.citation: WormBook. 2006 Jan 25;:1-8
references.pmid: 18050465