title: Alzheimer's disease: pathophysiology and applications of magnetic nanoparticles as MRI theranostic agents.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. During the recent decade, nanotechnology has been widely considered, as a promising tool, for theranosis (diagnosis and therapy) of AD. Here we first discuss pathophysiology and characteristics of AD with a focus on the amyloid cascade hypothesis. Then magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and recent works on their applications in AD, focusing on the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), are reviewed. Furthermore, the amyloid-nanoparticle interaction is highlighted, with the scope to be highly considered by the scientists aiming for diagnostics and/or treatment of AD employing nanoparticles. Furthermore, recent findings on the "ignored" parameters (e.g., effect of protein "corona" at the surface of nanoparticles on amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrillation process) are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and ‡Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre , 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Houshang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amiri
authors.forename: Kolsoum
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saeidi
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Borhani
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manafirad
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghavami
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zerbi
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C000499:ferric oxide
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