title: The effect of syndecan-4 and glypican-1 expression on age-related changes in myogenic satellite cell proliferation, differentiation, and fibroblast growth factor 2 responsiveness.
abstract: Satellite cells are multipotential stem cells responsible for muscle growth and regeneration. Satellite cell proliferation, differentiation, and responsiveness to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is, in part, regulated by the heparan sulfate proteoglycans syndecan-4 and glypican-1. Syndecan-4 and glypican-1 expression declines with satellite cell age and may be associated with decreased satellite cell activity. The objective of the current study was to determine if overexpression of syndecan-4 and glypican-1 would increase proliferation, differentiation and FGF2 responsiveness in satellite cells isolated from pectoralis major muscle from 16-wk-old turkeys. Overexpression of syndecan-4 and glypican-1 did not have a significant effect on proliferation and differentiation in 1d, 7 wk, and 16 wk satellite cells, and did not affect FGF2 responsiveness during proliferation. Expression of syndecan-4 and glypican-1 increased differentiation at 48 h in 1d, 7 wk, and 16 wk cells treated with FGF2. Expression of myogenic regulatory factors MyoD, myogenin, and MRF4 was affected by the overexpression of syndecan-4 and glypican-1. However, changes in myogenic regulatory factor expression did not have a significant effect on proliferation or differentiation. These data demonstrate that syndecan-4 and glypican-1 are likely not directly associated with the age related decrease in satellite cell activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, 213 Gerlaugh Hall, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
authors.forename: Laura B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Harthan
authors.forename: Douglas C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: McFarland
authors.forename: Sandra G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Velleman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053673:Glypicans / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D053671:Syndecan-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D053673:Glypicans; D053671:Syndecan-4; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2
keywords: 1d, 7wk, and 16wk cells; 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; Age; BSA; CON; DAPI; DMEM; Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium; FGF2; Fibroblast growth factor 2; G1; GAPDH; GPI; Glypican-1; MMLV; MRF4; MyoD; Myogenin; OD; PBS; PCMS-EGFP empty vector; PE; PIP(2); PKCα; PT; Paired box transcription factor 7; Pax7; RBC2; RT; RT-qPCR; Randombred Control Line 2 turkey; Ras homologue gene family, member A; RhoA; S4; S4G1; Satellite cells; Syndecan-4; bovine serum albumin; fibroblast growth factor 2; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; glycosylphosphatidylinositol; glypican-1; moloney murine leukemia virus; myogenic differentiation 1; myogenic regulatory factor 4; optical density; phosphate buffered saline; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate; phycoerythrin; post-transfection; protein kinase C alpha; real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction; room temperature; satellite cells isolated from turkeys at 1d, 7wk, and 16wk of age, respectively; syndecan-4; syndecan-4 and glypican-1