title: GPR171 is a hypothalamic G protein-coupled receptor for BigLEN, a neuropeptide involved in feeding.
abstract: Multiple peptide systems, including neuropeptide Y, leptin, ghrelin, and others, are involved with the control of food intake and body weight. The peptide LENSSPQAPARRLLPP (BigLEN) has been proposed to act through an unknown receptor to regulate body weight. In the present study, we used a combination of ligand-binding and receptor-activity assays to characterize a Gαi/o protein-coupled receptor activated by BigLEN in the mouse hypothalamus and Neuro2A cells. We then selected orphan G protein-coupled receptors expressed in the hypothalamus and Neuro2A cells and tested each for activation by BigLEN. G protein-coupled receptor 171 (GPR171) is activated by BigLEN, but not by the C terminally truncated peptide LittleLEN. The four C-terminal amino acids of BigLEN are sufficient to bind and activate GPR171. Overexpression of GPR171 leads to an increase, and knockdown leads to a decrease, in binding and signaling by BigLEN and the C-terminal peptide. In the hypothalamus GPR171 expression complements the expression of BigLEN, and its level and activity are elevated in mice lacking BigLEN. In mice, shRNA-mediated knockdown of hypothalamic GPR171 leads to a decrease in BigLEN signaling and results in changes in food intake and metabolism. The combination of GPR171 shRNA together with neutralization of BigLEN peptide by antibody absorption nearly eliminates acute feeding in food-deprived mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that GPR171 is the BigLEN receptor and that the BigLEN-GPR171 system plays an important role in regulating responses associated with feeding and metabolism in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029.
authors.forename: Ivone
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Dipendra K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Aryal
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wardman
authors.forename: Achla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Khatuna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gagnidze
authors.forename: Ramona M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rodriguiz
authors.forename: Sanjai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Wetsel
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Pintar
authors.forename: Lloyd D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Fricker
authors.forename: Lakshmi A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Devi
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C584651:GPR171 protein, mouse; D009479:Neuropeptides; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000242:Cyclic AMP
keywords: NPY/AgRP; deorphanization; neuroendocrine peptide; orexigenic; proSAAS
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