title: Towards a better understanding of Rift Valley fever epidemiology in the south-west of the Indian Ocean.
abstract: Rift Valley fever virus (Phlebovirus, Bunyaviridae) is an arbovirus causing intermittent epizootics and sporadic epidemics primarily in East Africa. Infection causes severe and often fatal illness in young sheep, goats and cattle. Domestic animals and humans can be contaminated by close contact with infectious tissues or through mosquito infectious bites. Rift Valley fever virus was historically restricted to sub-Saharan countries. The probability of Rift Valley fever emerging in virgin areas is likely to be increasing. Its geographical range has extended over the past years. As a recent example, autochthonous cases of Rift Valley fever were recorded in 2007-2008 in Mayotte in the Indian Ocean. It has been proposed that a single infected animal that enters a naive country is sufficient to initiate a major outbreak before Rift Valley fever virus would ever be detected. Unless vaccines are available and widely used to limit its expansion, Rift Valley fever will continue to be a critical issue for human and animal health in the region of the Indian Ocean.
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Department of Virology, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris, cedex 15, France. anna-bella.failloux@pasteur.fr.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Balenghien
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cardinale
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chevalier
authors.forename: Nohal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Elissa
authors.forename: Anna-Bella
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Failloux
authors.forename: Thiery Nirina
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Jean Jose Nipomichene
authors.forename: Gaelle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nicolas
authors.forename: Vincent Michel
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Rakotoharinome
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roger
authors.forename: Betty
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zumbo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D009033:Culicidae / Q000821:virology; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D006041:Goats; D007195:Indian Ocean Islands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012295:Rift Valley Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D012296:Rift Valley fever virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology
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