title: Diversity of individual mobility patterns and emergence of aggregated scaling laws.
abstract: Uncovering human mobility patterns is of fundamental importance to the understanding of epidemic spreading, urban transportation and other socioeconomic dynamics embodying spatiality and human travel. According to the direct travel diaries of volunteers, we show the absence of scaling properties in the displacement distribution at the individual level,while the aggregated displacement distribution follows a power law with an exponential cutoff. Given the constraint on total travelling cost, this aggregated scaling law can be analytically predicted by the mixture nature of human travel under the principle of maximum entropy. A direct corollary of such theory is that the displacement distribution of a single mode of transportation should follow an exponential law, which also gets supportive evidences in known data. We thus conclude that the travelling cost shapes the displacement distribution at the aggregated level.
authors.affiliation: 1] Web Sciences Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China [2] Department of Transportation Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, P. R. China [3] Department of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yong
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Xiao-Pu
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Bing-Hong
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000635:transmission; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D013557:Switzerland; D014186:Transportation; D014195:Travel
references.citation: Nature. 2006 Jan 26;439(7075):462-5
references.pmid: 16437114
references.citation: Chaos. 2012 Jun;22(2):023150
references.pmid: 22757557
references.citation: Sci Rep. 2012;2:457
references.pmid: 22708055
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jul 17;109(29):11576-81
references.pmid: 22711804
references.citation: Science. 2009 Jul 24;325(5939):425-8
references.pmid: 19628859
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Aug 25;106(34):14236-40
references.pmid: 19706506
references.citation: PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e20648
references.pmid: 21857891
references.citation: Science. 2010 Feb 19;327(5968):1018-21
references.pmid: 20167789
references.citation: Science. 1999 Oct 15;286(5439):509-12
references.pmid: 10521342
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jun 26;109(26):10564-9
references.pmid: 22679281
references.citation: Nat Phys. 2011 Jul 1;7:581-586
references.pmid: 21799702
references.citation: Nature. 2005 May 12;435(7039):207-11
references.pmid: 15889093
references.citation: Phys Rev Lett. 2009 Sep 4;103(10):108701
references.pmid: 19792348
references.citation: PLoS One. 2011 Jan 07;6(1):e15923
references.pmid: 21249210
references.citation: Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2009 Aug;80(2 Pt 1):021136
references.pmid: 19792106
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Nov 2;107(44):18803-8
references.pmid: 20959414
references.citation: Nature. 2012 Feb 26;484(7392):96-100
references.pmid: 22367540
references.citation: Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2011 Mar;83(3 Pt 2):036117
references.pmid: 21517568
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Nov 25;105(47):18153-8
references.pmid: 19017788
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Jun 5;453(7196):779-82
references.pmid: 18528393
references.citation: Sci Rep. 2013;3:1082
references.pmid: 23378896
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e34487
references.pmid: 22529917
references.citation: Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2009 Jan;79(1 Pt 2):016111
references.pmid: 19257111
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 May 24;108(21):8704-7
references.pmid: 21555579
references.citation: Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2003 Oct;68(4 Pt 2):047103
references.pmid: 14683084