title: Small-dense LDL cholesterol/large-buoyant LDL cholesterol ratio as an excellent marker for indicating lipodystrophy in HIV-infected patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether the lipid parameters are predicting factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipodystrophy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole-body fat compositions of HIV-positive patients receiving stavudine-containing antiretroviral regimens (n = 79) were determined. Lipodystrophy was defined as a ratio of trunk fat mass/lower limb fat mass greater than 2.28. Blood samples were analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), small-dense LDL-C (sdLDL-C), apoAI, apoB, lipoprotein(a), and CD4 cell counts. Large-buoyant LDL-C (lbLDL-C) was calculated (LDL-C minus sdLDL-C).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six patients were classified as having lipodystrophy. The mean values of triglycerides, HDL-C, sdLDL-C, apoB, TC/HDL-C, apolipoprotein (apo) B/apoAI, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C showed significant differences between patients with and without lipodystrophy (P < .02). Using logistic regression analysis, sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C was identified as a significant predictor of lipodystrophy (P < .001). At a ratio of 0.554, the odds ratio was 17.8 with a likelihood ratio of 5.5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio is an excellent marker for indicating lipodystrophy in HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Dept of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Rama VI Rd, Rajthevee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; chonlaphat.suk@mahidol.ac.th.
authors.forename: Pornpen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Srisawasdi
authors.forename: Tanida
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suwalak
authors.forename: Chonlaphat
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sukasem
authors.forename: Anchalee
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chittamma
authors.forename: Anothai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pocathikorn
authors.forename: Somlak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vanavanan
authors.forename: Apichaya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puangpetch
authors.forename: Siwalee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santon
authors.forename: Wasun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chantratita
authors.forename: Sasisopin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiertiburanakul
authors.forename: Martin H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kroll
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018119:Stavudine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D018119:Stavudine
keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; Coronary heart disease; HIV infection; LDL subclass; Large-buoyant low-density lipoprotein; Lipodystrophy; Small-dense low-density lipoprotein