title: Prevalence of bifid median nerves and persistent median arteries and their association with carpal tunnel syndrome in a sample of Latino poultry processors and other manual workers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of bifid median nerves and persistent median arteries, their co-occurrence, and their relationship to carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) are only understood partially.
  
  
  METHODS
  We screened 1026 wrists of 513 Latino manual laborers in North Carolina for bifid median nerves and persistent median arteries using electrodiagnosis and ultrasound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 8.6% of wrists had a bifid median nerve, and 3.7% of wrists had a persistent median artery independent of subgroup ethnicity, age, gender, or type of work. An association with definite carpal tunnel syndrome was not found. The presence of either anatomic variant was associated with a high likelihood of co-occurrence of another variant in the same or the contralateral wrist.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The occurrence of median anatomic variants can be determined in field studies using ultrasound. Persistent median arteries and bifid median nerves tend to co-occur but do not put manual laborers at additional risk of developing CTS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157-1078, USA; Center for Worker Health, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Francis O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cartwright
authors.forename: Jill N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Blocker
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Arcury
authors.forename: Jung I M
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Suk
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: Joseph G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Grzywacz
authors.forename: Dana C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Mora
authors.forename: Sara A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Quandt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002349:Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D019649:Food Industry; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020423:Median Neuropathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009657:North Carolina / Q000453:epidemiology; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D014463:Ultrasonography; D000078329:Workforce
keywords: entrapment neuropathy; epidemiology; neuromuscular ultrasound; occupational health; poultry workers
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