title: Study of the hepatoprotective effect of Juniperus phoenicea constituents.
abstract: Different fraction obtained from the aerial parts of Juniperus phoenicea showed significant activity as hepatoprotective when investigated against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective activity was evaluated through the quantification of biochemical parameters and confirmed using histopathology study. Phytochemical investigation of the petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol fractions utilizing different chromatographic techniques resulted in the isolation of five known diterpenoids namely: 13-epicupressic acid (1), imbricatolic acid (2), 7α-hydroxysandaracopimaric acid (3), 3β-hydroxysandaracopimaric acid (4), isopimaric acid (5), four flavonoid derivatives: cupressuflavone (6), hinokiflavone (7), hypolaetin-7-O-β-xylopyranoside (9), (-) catechin (10), inaddition to sucrose (8). Both physical and spectral data were used for structure determination and all isolates were evaluated for their hepatoprotective activity. Compounds 2 and 6 were effective, however; 7 was the most active. Hepatoprotective activity of 7 is comparable with the standard drug silymarin in reducing the elevated liver enzymes and restoring normal appearance of hepatocytes. Hepatoprotective effect of combination of 6, 7 and silymarin with the diterpene sugiol was also explored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy,King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Saleh Ibrahim
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Alqasoumi
authors.forename: Abdallah Ibrahim
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Farraj
authors.forename: Maged Saad
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Abdel-Kader
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018653:Juniperus / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D008517:Phytotherapy; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012838:Silymarin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012838:Silymarin; D012997:Solvents; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride