title: Phylogenetic lineages in Entomophthoromycota.
abstract: Entomophthoromycota is one of six major phylogenetic lineages among the former phylum Zygomycota. These early terrestrial fungi share evolutionarily ancestral characters such as coenocytic mycelium and gametangiogamy as a sexual process resulting in zygospore formation. Previous molecular studies have shown the monophyly of Entomophthoromycota, thus justifying raising the taxonomic status of these fungi to a phylum. Multi-gene phylogenies have identified five major lineages of Entomophthoromycota. In this review we provide a detailed discussion about the biology and taxonomy of these lineages: I) Basidiobolus (Basidiobolomycetes: Basidiobolaceae; primarily saprobic); II) Conidiobolus (Entomophthoromycetes, Ancylistaceae; several clades of saprobes and invertebrate pathogens), as well as three rapidly evolving entomopathogenic lineages in the family Entomophthoraceae centering around; III) Batkoa; IV) Entomophthora and allied genera; and V) the subfamily Erynioideae which includes Zoophthora and allied genera. Molecular phylogenic analysis has recently determined the relationships of several taxa that were previously unresolved based on morphology alone: Eryniopsis, Macrobiotophthora, Massospora, Strongwellsea and two as yet undescribed genera of Basidiobolaceae.
authors.affiliation: Duke University, Department of Biology, Durham, NC 27708-90338, USA;
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Gryganskyi
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Humber
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hodge
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Voigt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vilgalys
keywords: Basidiobolus; Batkoa; Bayesian inference (BI); Conidiobolus; Entomophthora; Entomophthorales; Entomophthoromycotina; Zoophthora; maximum likelihood (ML); phylogeny
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