title: In vivo noninvasive detection of Brown Adipose Tissue through intermolecular zero-quantum MRI.
abstract: The recent discovery of active Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) in adult humans has opened new avenues for obesity research and treatment, as reduced BAT activity seem to be implicated in human energy imbalance, diabetes, and hypertension. However, clinical applications are currently limited by the lack of non-invasive tools for measuring mass and function of this tissue in humans. Here we present a new magnetic resonance imaging method based on the normally invisible intermolecular multiple-quantum coherence (1)H MR signal. This method, which doesn't require special hardware modifications, can be used to overcome partial volume effect, the major limitation of MR-based approaches that are currently being investigated for the detection of BAT in humans. With this method we can exploit the characteristic cellular structure of BAT to selectively image it, even when (as in humans) it is intimately mixed with other tissues. We demonstrate and validate this method in mice using PET scans and histology. We compare this methodology with conventional (1)H MR fat fraction methods. Finally, we investigate its feasibility for the detection of BAT in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America ; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
authors.forename: Rosa T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Branca
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Warren S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Auerbach
authors.forename: Arjun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khanna
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Degan
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ugurbil
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maronpot
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008875:Middle Aged; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011789:Quantum Theory; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
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