title: HDAC1 and HDAC2 restrain the intestinal inflammatory response by regulating intestinal epithelial cell differentiation.
abstract: Acetylation and deacetylation of histones and other proteins depends on histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs) activities, leading to either positive or negative gene expression. HDAC inhibitors have uncovered a role for HDACs in proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation. However, little is known of the roles of specific HDACs in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). We investigated the consequences of ablating both HDAC1 and HDAC2 in murine IECs. Floxed Hdac1 and Hdac2 homozygous mice were crossed with villin-Cre mice. Mice deficient in both IEC HDAC1 and HDAC2 weighed less and survived more than a year. Colon and small intestinal sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, or with Alcian blue and Periodic Acid Schiff for goblet cell identification. Tissue sections from mice injected with BrdU for 2 h, 14 h and 48 h were stained with anti-BrdU. To determine intestinal permeability, 4-kDa FITC-labeled dextran was given by gavage for 3 h. Microarray analysis was performed on total colon RNAs. Inflammatory and IEC-specific gene expression was assessed by Western blot or semi-quantitative RT-PCR and qPCR with respectively total colon protein and total colon RNAs. HDAC1 and HDAC2-deficient mice displayed: 1) increased migration and proliferation, with elevated cyclin D1 expression and phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein, a downstream mTOR target; 2) tissue architecture defects with cell differentiation alterations, correlating with reduction of secretory Paneth and goblet cells in jejunum and goblet cells in colon, increased expression of enterocytic markers such as sucrase-isomaltase in the colon, increased expression of cleaved Notch1 and augmented intestinal permeability; 3) loss of tissue homeostasis, as evidenced by modifications of claudin 3 expression, caspase-3 cleavage and Stat3 phosphorylation; 4) chronic inflammation, as determined by inflammatory molecular expression signatures and altered inflammatory gene expression. Thus, epithelial HDAC1 and HDAC2 restrain the intestinal inflammatory response, by regulating intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Département d'anatomie et Biologie Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Pavillon de recherche appliquée sur le cancer, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Naomie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Turgeon
authors.forename: Mylène
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blais
authors.forename: Julie-Moore
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gagné
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tardif
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boudreau
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Perreault
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Asselin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001835:Body Weight / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D056464:Histone Deacetylase 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D009929:Organ Size / Q000235:genetics; D010539:Permeability; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: C484389:Hdac1 protein, mouse; C533424:Hdac2 protein, mouse; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D056464:Histone Deacetylase 2
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