title: Impaired implicit sequence learning in children with developmental dyslexia.
abstract: It has been proposed that an impairment of procedural memory underlies a range of linguistic, cognitive and motor impairments observed in developmental dyslexia (DD). However, studies designed to test this hypothesis using the implicit sequence learning paradigm have yielded inconsistent results. A fundamental aspect of procedural learning is that it takes place over an extended time-period that may be divided into distinct stages based on both behavioural characteristics and neural correlates of performance. Yet, no study of implicit sequence learning in children with DD has included learning stages beyond a single practice session. The present study was designed to fill this important gap by extending the investigation to include the effects of overnight consolidation as well as those of further practice on a subsequent day. The results suggest that the most pronounced procedural learning impairment in DD may emerge only after extended practice, in learning stages beyond a single practice session.
authors.affiliation: Unit for Speech and Language Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Uppsala, P.O. Box 256, SE-751 05 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: martina.hedenius@neuro.uu.se.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hedenius
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: Per A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Alm
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ullman
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Darlene V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jennische
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D012691:Serial Learning / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Developmental dyslexia; Implicit sequence learning; Procedural memory