title: Regulation of temperature-responsive flowering by MADS-box transcription factor repressors.
abstract: Changes in ambient temperature affect flowering time in plants; understanding this phenomenon will be crucial for buffering agricultural systems from the effects of climate change. Here, we show that levels of FLM-β, an alternatively spliced form of the flowering repressor FLOWERING LOCUS M, increase at lower temperatures, repressing flowering. FLM-β interacts with SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP); SVP is degraded at high temperatures, reducing the abundance of the SVP-FLM-β repressor complex and, thus, allowing the plant to flower. The svp and flm mutants show temperature-insensitive flowering in different temperature ranges. Control of SVP-FLM-β repressor complex abundance via transcriptional and splicing regulation of FLM and posttranslational regulation of SVP protein stability provides an efficient, rapid mechanism for plants to respond to ambient temperature changes.
authors.affiliation: Creative Research Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hak-Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Kyung Sook
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Posé
authors.forename: Soonkap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Ji Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C522476:FLM protein, Arabidopsis; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C407549:SVP protein, Arabidopsis; D014157:Transcription Factors