title: Lipophilic amino alcohols reduces carrageenan-induced paw edema and anti-OVA DTH in BALB/c mice.
abstract: The inflammation process is a coordinated response of the organism related to immune response with release of pro-inflammatory substances, as nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-1β. In this work, a series of lipophilic amino alcohols were evaluated on RAW264.7 and primary macrophages for the modulation of nitric oxide and TNF-α. The most potent compounds were submitted to the treatment of BALB/c mice and evaluation of the carrageenan-induced paw edema and TNF-α and IL1-β release in the paws and anti-OVA delayed type hypersensitivity reaction. RAW264.7 and primary macrophages were incubated in the presence of amino alcohols at different concentrations (1, 0.5, 0.05 and 0.005 μg mL(-1)). All tested compounds were not cytotoxic, however the inhibition of NO and TNF-α were observed only in RAW264.7 cultures. The NO production were reduced in 100% for all compounds, but only the compounds 4a and 4b expressively reduced the TNF-α release (67% and 92% respectively). On the carrageenan-induced paw edema, the compound 4b treatment showed reduction of edema, TNF-α and IL-1β as efficient as dexamethasone treatment. Meanwhile, the compound 4a treatment showed only slight reduction of paw edema. In the anti-OVA DTH reaction, both compounds showed reduction in the paw edema as effective as dexamethasone. In function of the observed results in vitro and in the acute and anti-OVA inflammation of mice paw edema compound 4b showed promissory anti-inflammatory properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elaine F C
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Sandra B R
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Caio Cesar S
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Erick E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Tais A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Corrêa
authors.forename: Mauro V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens; D000605:Amino Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D005528:Foot; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010047:Ovalbumin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D000605:Amino Alcohols; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002351:Carrageenan; D010047:Ovalbumin
keywords: Amino alcohol; Anti-inflammatory; IL-1β; Nitric oxide; Paw edema; TNF-α