title: Antiretroviral treatment interruptions induced by the Kenyan postelection crisis are associated with virological failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antiretroviral treatment interruptions (TIs) cause suboptimal clinical outcomes. Data on TIs during social disruption are limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined effects of unplanned TIs after the 2007-2008 Kenyan postelection violence on virological failure, comparing viral load (VL) outcomes in HIV-infected adults with and without conflict-induced TI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and one patients were enrolled, median 2.2 years after conflict and 4.3 years on treatment. Eighty-eight patients experienced conflict-related TIs and 113 received continuous treatment. After adjusting for preconflict CD4, patients with TIs were more likely to have detectable VL, VL >5,000 and VL >10,000.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unplanned conflict-related TIs are associated with increased likelihood of virological failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Marita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.|Academic Model Providing Access To Health Care (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya.
authors.forename: Lameck
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Diero
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.|Academic Model Providing Access To Health Care (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kemboi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.|Academic Model Providing Access To Health Care (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya.
authors.forename: Fidelis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mambo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.|Academic Model Providing Access To Health Care (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rono
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.|Academic Model Providing Access To Health Care (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya.
authors.forename: Wilfred
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Injera
authors.affiliation: Center for Statistical Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Leeann
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schreier
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: Kara W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kaloustian
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sidle
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.|Academic Model Providing Access To Health Care (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buziba
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Rami
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kantor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011057:Politics; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014754:Violence; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
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