title: The standard concentric needle cannula cannot replace the Macro EMG electrode.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the usefulness of the single use and affordable standard concentric EMG electrode as a substitute for the expensive standard macro electrode.
  
  
  METHODS
  Macro EMG performed with macro electrode is compared with recordings from the uninsulated cannula of a standard EMG electrode at two different recording depths in the tibialis anterior muscle. This was performed both in muscles with signs of collateral reinnervation and without.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The amplitude of the motor units recorded with the uninsulated concentric needle cannula were lower for the deeply recorded motor units compared to motor unit potential (MUP) amplitudes recorded with the standard macro electrode. The deeply recorded concentric needle (CN) cannula recorded MUPs amplitudes were also lower than superficially recorded CN cannula MUPs. The standard Macro EMG signals show no difference between deeply and superficially recorded motor units.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The uninsulated cannula of the concentric needle electrode cannot replace the standard Macro EMG electrode due to technical reasons, probably from different effects of shunting of the bare cannula in deep vs. superficially recorded motor units.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The standard CN electrode could not be used as substitute for the standard Macro EMG needle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Sweden. Electronic address: arne.sandberg@akademiska.se.
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandberg
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D004566:Electrodes; D004576:Electromyography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D009339:Needles
keywords: CNEMG; EMG; Macro EMG