title: Evaluation of push-out bond strength of AH26 sealer using MTAD and combination of NaOCl and EDTA as final irrigation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During endodontic procedures, the smear layer is formed as a result of mechanical instrumentation of the canal. Combination of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely used for removal of the smear layer. Application of Mixture of tetracycline, acid, and detergent (MTAD) as final irrigant subsequent to initial irrigation of 1.35% NaOCl has been proposed to increase clinical efficiency, biocompatibility and prolonged intra-canal antibacterial activity. Considering the importance of adhesion of endodontic sealers to the dentin walls of a prepared root canal, the present study evaluated push-out bond strength of AH26 sealer using final irrigation of MTAD and EDTA + NaOCl.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty five single-rooted teeth were prepared endodontically with the same chemomechanical technique and were randomly divided into three groups based on their final irrigation regimen: 17% EDTA + 5.25% NaOCl group (n =30), MTAD group (n =30) and control group (n =5). Obturation of the canals was performed with gutta-percha and AH26 sealer. All teeth were sectioned in order that two specimens of 1 mm thickness were obtained from the coronal and the middle one third of each root resulting in 60 specimens for each experimental group and 10 specimens for control group. For push-out test, universal-testing machine was used to exert a constant compressive apico-coronal load at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. Minimum amount of compressive load caused dislodgement was measured and converted into megapascal (MPa) scale. One-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tukey test were used for statistical analysis of the data (α = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In MTAD group, mean micro-push-out bond strength of AH26 sealer to dentin walls was obtained 2.23 MPa compared to 2.0 MPa for EDTA + NaOCl group. The mean bond strength of AH26 sealer to dentin walls was significantly greater using MTAD compared with combination of EDTA and NaOCl or saline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MTAD final rinse significantly increased micro-push-out bond strength of AH26 sealer to canal dentin walls compared with EDTA + NaOCl.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mozayeni
authors.forename: Yashar Mohammad
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zadeh
authors.forename: Payam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paymanpour
authors.forename: Hengameh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ashraf
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mozayani
keywords: AH26 sealer; EDTA; MTAD; push-out bond strength
references.citation: J Endod. 1994 Feb;20(2):78-82
references.pmid: 8006570
references.citation: J Endod. 2000 Oct;26(10):586-7
references.pmid: 11199798
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2009 Apr;42(4):335-43
references.pmid: 19220516
references.citation: J Endod. 2006 Oct;32(10):963-6
references.pmid: 16982274
references.citation: J Endod. 2003 Apr;29(4):233-9
references.pmid: 12701769
references.citation: Int Endod J. 1995 May;28(3):141-8
references.pmid: 8626198
references.citation: J Endod. 1976 Jun;2(6):166-75
references.pmid: 1064691
references.citation: Int Endod J. 1997 May;30(3):181-6
references.pmid: 9477802
references.citation: Int Endod J. 1999 Nov;32(6):430-5
references.pmid: 10709490
references.citation: J Endod. 2003 Mar;29(3):170-5
references.pmid: 12669874
references.citation: J Periodontol. 1996 Sep;67(9):841-5
references.pmid: 8884639
references.citation: J Endod. 2003 Sep;29(9):576-9
references.pmid: 14503830
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2011 Jun;44(6):491-8
references.pmid: 21255047
references.citation: J Endod. 2009 Apr;35(4):537-40
references.pmid: 19345800
references.citation: J Endod. 2002 May;28(5):351-4
references.pmid: 12026917
references.citation: J Endod. 1994 Apr;20(4):155-8
references.pmid: 8035152
references.citation: J Endod. 1983 Apr;9(4):137-42
references.pmid: 6406635
references.citation: J Endod. 2001 Dec;27(12):738-40
references.pmid: 11771579
references.citation: J Endod. 2007 Feb;33(2):152-5
references.pmid: 17258634
references.citation: Aust Endod J. 2009 Apr;35(1):13-7
references.pmid: 19452675
references.citation: J Endod. 2006 Mar;32(3):218-21
references.pmid: 16500230
references.citation: J Endod. 1987 Apr;13(4):147-57
references.pmid: 3106553
references.citation: J Clin Periodontol. 1996 Jan;23(1):12-8
references.pmid: 8636451
references.citation: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010 Nov;110(5):e88-92
references.pmid: 20875756
references.citation: Oper Dent Suppl. 1984;3:35-42
references.pmid: 6401152
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2003 Jun;36(6):411-7
references.pmid: 12801288
references.citation: J Endod. 2007 Jan;33(1):48-51
references.pmid: 17185130
references.citation: J Endod. 2002 Jan;28(1):17-9
references.pmid: 11806642
references.citation: Eur J Oral Sci. 2004 Aug;112(4):353-61
references.pmid: 15279655
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2007 Jan;40(1):18-24
references.pmid: 17209828
references.citation: Int Endod J. 1997 Sep;30(5):332-4
references.pmid: 9477823
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2003 Mar;36(3):218-24
references.pmid: 12657148
references.citation: J Endod. 2005 Apr;31(4):293-6
references.pmid: 15793387
references.citation: J Endod. 1991 Jan;17(1):15-20
references.pmid: 1895034
references.citation: J Endod. 1999 Feb;25(2):123-5
references.pmid: 10204470
references.citation: Oper Dent Suppl. 1984;3:13-29
references.pmid: 6396586
references.citation: Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2012 Jan;9(1):24-30
references.pmid: 22363359
references.citation: J Endod. 1976 Sep;2(9):257-60
references.pmid: 1066427
references.citation: Int Endod J. 1997 Sep;30(5):323-31
references.pmid: 9477822
references.citation: Int Endod J. 1992 Sep;25(5):245-9
references.pmid: 1291521
references.citation: J Endod. 2008 Jun;34(6):703-5
references.pmid: 18498893
references.citation: J Endod. 2007 Jul;33(7):856-8
references.pmid: 17804329
references.citation: J Endod. 2003 Jun;29(6):400-3
references.pmid: 12814224