title: Interaction of fatty acid genotype and diet on changes in colonic fatty acids in a Mediterranean diet intervention study.
abstract: A Mediterranean diet increases intakes of n-3 and n-9 fatty acids and lowers intake of n-6 fatty acids. This can impact colon cancer risk as n-6 fatty acids are metabolized to proinflammatory eicosanoids. The purpose of this study was to evaluate interactions of polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes, FADS1 and FADS2, and changes in diet on fatty acid concentrations in serum and colon. A total of 108 individuals at increased risk of colon cancer were randomized to either a Mediterranean or a Healthy Eating diet. Fatty acids were measured in both serum and colonic mucosa at baseline and after six months. Each individual was genotyped for four single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the FADS gene cluster. Linear regression was used to evaluate the effects of diet, genotype, and the diet by genotype interaction on fatty acid concentrations in serum and colon. Genetic variation in the FADS genes was strongly associated with baseline serum arachidonic acid (n-6) but serum eicosapentaenoic acid (n-3) and colonic fatty acid concentrations were not significantly associated with genotype. After intervention, there was a significant diet by genotype interaction for arachidonic acid concentrations in colon. Subjects who had all major alleles for FADS1/2 and were following a Mediterranean diet had 16% lower arachidonic acid concentrations in the colon after six months of intervention than subjects following the Healthy Eating diet. These results indicate that FADS genotype could modify the effects of changes in dietary fat intakes on arachidonic acid concentrations in the colon.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Room 2150 Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5930. zoralong@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Shannon R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Porenta
authors.forename: Yi-An
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Bhramar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baylin
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Zora
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Djuric
mesh_terms: D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000097:blood; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D005227:Fatty Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D004247:DNA; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C000716847:FADS1 protein, human; C533241:FADS2 protein, human
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