title: Clinorotation enhances autophagy in vascular endothelial cells.
abstract: Individuals exposed to extended periods of spaceflight or prolonged 6° head-down-tilt bed rest often suffer from health hazards represented by cardiovascular deconditioning. Many studies have reported that alterations in vascular endothelial cells contribute to cardiovascular dysfunction induced by microgravity. Autophagy, a lysosomal degradation pathway, serves an adaptive role for survival, differentiation, and development in cellular homeostasis, and can be triggered by various environmental stimuli. However, whether autophagy can be induced in endothelial cells by real or simulated microgravity remains to be determined. This study was designed to investigate the effects of simulated microgravity on the activation of autophagy in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We report here that clinorotation, a simulated model of microgravity, enhances autophagosome formation, increases LC3 and beclin-1 expression, and promotes the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II in HUVECs. These results demonstrate that simulated microgravity for 48 h activates autophagy of vascular endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Aerospace Biodynamics, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 17 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an 710032, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yong-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dong-Yuan
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chang-Bin
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xin-Sheng
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Ting-Yuan
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jiang-Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xi-Qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001343:Autophagy; D000071186:Beclin-1; D018493:Cardiovascular Deconditioning / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D012399:Rotation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013026:Space Flight; D014893:Weightlessness / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C491997:BECN1 protein, human; D000071186:Beclin-1; C477012:MAP1LC3A protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins