title: Automatic functional analysis of left ventricle in cardiac cine MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A fully automated left ventricle segmentation method for the functional analysis of cine short axis (SAX) magnetic resonance (MR) images was developed, and its performance evaluated with 133 studies of subjects with diverse pathology: ischemic heart failure (n=34), non-ischemic heart failure (n=30), hypertrophy (n=32), and healthy (n=37).
  
  
  METHODS
  The proposed automatic method locates the left ventricle (LV), then for each image detects the contours of the endocardium, epicardium, papillary muscles and trabeculations. Manually and automatically determined contours and functional parameters were compared quantitatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between automatically and manually determined end systolic volume (ESV), end diastolic volume (EDV), ejection fraction (EF) and left ventricular mass (LVM) for each of the four groups (paired sample t-test, α=0.05). The automatically determined functional parameters showed high correlations with those derived from manual contours, and the Bland-Altman analysis biases were small (1.51 mL, 1.69 mL, -0.02%, -0.66 g for ESV, EDV, EF and LVM, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed technique automatically and rapidly detects endocardial, epicardial, papillary muscles' and trabeculations' contours providing accurate and reproducible quantitative MRI parameters, including LV mass and EF.
authors.affiliation: Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada;
authors.forename: Ying-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Connelly
authors.forename: Alexander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Dick
authors.forename: Graham A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Perry E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Radau
keywords: Left ventricular ejection fraction; automated border detection; cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; image processing; left ventricular mass (LVM)
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