title: Anticancer potential of rhamnocitrin 4'-β-D-galactopyranoside against N-diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.
abstract: The hepatoprotective activity of flavonoid rhamnocitrin 4'-β-D-galactopyranoside (RGP) obtained from leaves of Astragalus hamosus L. against N-diethylnitrosamine (DENA)-induced hepatic cancer in Wistar albino rats was evaluated. Hepatic cancer in rats was induced by single-dose intraperitoneal administration of DENA (200 mg/kg). Induction of hepatic cancer was confirmed after 7 days of DENA administration by measurement of elevated level of serum α-feto protein (AFP). Administration of DENA in a single dose lofted the levels of serum biochemical parameters like alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total protein and AFP. Antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and lipid per oxidation (LPO) were annealed significantly by administration of RGP in a dose-dependant manner. The histopathological examination of rat liver section was found to reinforce the biochemical observations significantly. It was observed that a substantial and dose-dependent reversal of DENA-diminished activity of antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT, GPx, GST and the reduced DENA-elevated level of LPO with a marked change. Any elevation in the levels of serum markers along with suppression of free radical formation by scavenging the hydroxyl radicals is significantly prevented by RGP. It also modulates the levels of LPO and perceptibly increases the endogenous antioxidant enzymes level in DENA-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis. The findings suggest that RGP prevents hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing the marked increase in the levels of serum marker enzymes, and suppresses the free radical by scavenging hydroxyl radicals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Luqman College of Pharmacy, Gulbarga, 585204, India.
authors.forename: Shakir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saleem
authors.forename: Md Adil
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shaharyar
authors.forename: Mohammad Jawed
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Khusroo
authors.forename: Parwej
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Rais Ur
authors.initials: RU
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Md Jahangir
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Naif O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Al-Harbi
authors.forename: Muzaffar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: Faisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Imam
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D027883:Astragalus Plant / Q000378:metabolism*; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D005697:Galactosides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000097:blood; D044949:Kaempferols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C000589720:7-O-methylkaempferol 4'-galactopyranoside; D005697:Galactosides; D044949:Kaempferols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; C496558:Gstp1 protein, rat; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001663:Bilirubin
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