title: Factors associated with poor outcome in patients with major intraoperative rupture of intracranial aneurysm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This clinical study was conducted to evaluate factors affecting outcome in the cases following major intraoperative rupture (MIOR) of the intracranial aneurysms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty cases with MIOR in a series of 467 surgeries for ruptured aneurysms were enrolled in this study. Clinical parameters, including: age, Hunt-Hess grading, Fisher grading, aneurysm size, aneurysm contour, operative timing, aneurysm location, and rupture timing were studied and compared with the prognosis in this particular cohort. The outcome was evaluated using the Glasgow Outcome Scale at least 3 months after surgery. Severe disability, vegetative survival, and death were classified as poor outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 30 cases with MIOR, 11 resulted in poor outcomes (36.7%). Age was an important prognostic factor in this cohort. Those patients with poor outcome after MIOR were significantly older than those with good outcome (mean age: 64.6 vs 51.4 years, P=0.006). In this study, a trend toward poor outcome was observed in cases with MIOR on internal carotid artery aneurysms (8/14, 57.1% vs 2/9, 22.2% and 1/6, 16.7% on middle cerebral artery and anterior communicating artery aneurysms, P=0.197, after adjustment for age factor). There was a higher incidence of a poor outcome when MIOR occurred during clip application (5/6, 83.3% vs 1/5, 20.0% and 5/19, 26.3% when MIOR happened during brain retraction and aneurysm dissection, P=0.041 after adjustment with the factor of age).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although a larger sample population is required for a more conclusive result, MIOR occuring in older age, during clip application, or on an internal carotid artery aneurysm possibly has the trend to bear a worse outcome in the cohort of patients with MIOR during aneurysm surgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Kang
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tsung-Che
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Hong-Chieh
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Yu-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Chih-Lung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yin-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D023261:Glasgow Outcome Scale; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000601:surgery*; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric