title: The effect of a dentifrice containing Magnolia extract on established plaque and gingivitis in man: a six-month clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to evaluate the clinical effect of a dentifrice containing 0.3% Magnolia extract on dental plaque and gingivitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The trial was a 6-month double-blind, stratified, randomized and 2-armed parallel group study. Forty-six subjects in the test group brushed their teeth with a dentifrice containing 0.3% Magnolia extract and 48 subjects in the control group brushed with a placebo dentifrice. Plaque and gingivitis were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significantly larger gingivitis reduction in the Magnolia group than in the control group (0.26 ± 0.11 versus 0.11 ± 0.12) (P < 0.001). There was a greater increase in the total number of healthy gingival units Gingival Index (GI score 0) in the Magnolia group than in the control group (149% versus 31%) and a larger reduction in inflamed gingival units (GI score 2/3) (60% versus 30%). Furthermore, at sites with similar amounts of plaque, less clinical signs of gingival inflammation were observed in the Magnolia group than in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Six months' unsupervised use of a dentifrice containing 0.3% Magnolia extract resulted in significantly greater gingivitis reduction than a corresponding control dentifrice.
authors.affiliation: Specialist Clinic for Periodontology, Public Dental Service, Uddevalla Hospital, Uddevalla, Sweden.
authors.forename: M-K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hellström
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D031566:Magnolia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010919:Placebos; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D010919:Placebos; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012969:Sodium Fluoride
keywords: 6-month clinical study; Magnolia; dentifrice; gingivitis; plaque