title: 'Escaping' the X chromosome leads to increased gene expression in the male germline of Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: Genomic analyses of Drosophila species suggest that the X chromosome presents an unfavourable environment for the expression of genes in the male germline. A previous study in D. melanogaster used a reporter gene driven by a testis-specific promoter to show that expression was greatly reduced when the gene was inserted onto the X chromosome as compared with the autosomes. However, a limitation of this study was that only the expression regulated by a single, autosomal-derived promoter was investigated. To test for an increase in expression associated with 'escaping' the X chromosome, we analysed reporter gene expression driven by the promoters of three X-linked, testis-expressed genes (CG10920, CG12681 and CG1314) that were inserted randomly throughout the D. melanogaster genome. In all cases, insertions on the autosomes showed significantly higher expression than those on the X chromosome. Thus, even genes whose regulation has adapted to the X-chromosomal environment show increased male germline expression when relocated to an autosome. Our results provide direct experimental evidence for the suppression of X-linked gene expression in the Drosophila male germline that is independent of gene dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kemkemer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology II, University of Munich (LMU), Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Catalán
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology II, University of Munich (LMU), Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parsch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D059006:Chromosomes, Insect; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D050172:Genes, X-Linked; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism; D014960:X Chromosome
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