title: Gender disparity in early death after ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Females with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a higher risk of adverse outcomes because of receiving less evidence-based medical care. Our aim was to investigate the gender disparity in early death after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the current era.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1429 consecutive patients with STEMI in the Liaoning district were analyzed. We compared hospital care and cardiac event data by sex for in-patients with acute STEMI within 24 hours of symptom onset.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the emergency reperfusion group (n = 754), in-hospital mortality occurred in 4.2% of the males and 11.2% of the females (P = 0.001). In the non-emergency reperfusion group (n = 675), in-hospital mortality occurred in 13.0% of the males and 22.9% of the females (P = 0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed female sex as an independent risk factor of death for STEMI patients during hospitalization (OR = 1.691, P = 0.007). After controlling for patients who died within 24 hr after admission, female sex was no longer an independent risk factor (OR = 1.409, P = 0.259).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female sex was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality of STEMI patients, which is explained by an excess of very early deaths.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Rong-Chong
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zheng-Guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Da-Ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yu-Jiao
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Xu-Chen
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Guo-Xian
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors