title: The chronicity of tonsillitis is significantly correlated with an increase in an LTi cell portion.
abstract: The current study explored the relationship between lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells and patients' clinical and immunological status. LTi cells are critical for lymphoid tissue development and maintenance of CD4 T cell-dependent immune responses. The percentage of CD117+CD3-CD56-CD127+ RORγ+ LTi cells isolated from human tonsils was determined and correlated with changes in other immune subsets and clinical factors. We found that the portion of LTi and CD4 T cells was significantly increased in chronic tonsillitis compared to non-inflamed tonsils. Additionally, the expression of OX40 by memory CD4 T cells and OX40 ligand (OX40L) and interleukin (IL)-22 by LTi cells was higher in chronically inflamed tonsils. The treatment for tonsillitis with ibuprofen did not alter LTi cell viability and the expression of OX40L and IL-22. These results demonstrate that during chronic inflammation, LTi cells are increased and express higher levels of OX40L and IL-22, and this is correlated with an increase in memory CD4 T cells.
authors.forename: Jung Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Soochan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jihye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Peter J L
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: Sun Och
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Ah Young
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung-Su
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi-Yeon
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000276:immunology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D057132:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053278:OX40 Ligand / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000378:metabolism; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D017252:CD3 Complex; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D007052:Ibuprofen; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit; D007378:Interleukins; D057132:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3; D053278:OX40 Ligand; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D000097043:Interleukin-22; C522918:NCAM1 protein, human; C406562:OX40Ig; C539900:RORC protein, human; C089251:TNFSF4 protein, human
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