title: Rapid determination of catecholamines in urine samples by nonaqueous microchip electrophoresis with LIF detection.
abstract: A method was developed for the rapid separation of catecholamines by nonaqueous microchip electrophoresis (NAMCE) with LIF detection, A homemade pump-free negative pressure sampling device was used for rapid bias-free sampling in NAMCE, the injection time was 0.5 s and the electrophoresis separation conditions were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the samples were separated completely in <1 min. The average migration times of the epinephrine (E), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) were 34.26, 43.81, and 50.07 s, with an RSD of 1.05, 1.26, and 0.89% (n = 7), respectively. The linearity of the method ranged from 0.0125 to 2.0 mg/L for E and 0.025~4.0 mg/L for DA and NE, with correlation coefficients ranging between 0.9978 and 0.9986. The detection limits of E, DA, and NE were 2.5, 5.0, and 5.0 μg/L, respectively. The recoveries of E, DA, and NE in spiked urine samples were between 86 and 103%, with RSDs of 4.5~6.8% (n = 5). The proposed NAMCE with LIF detection combined with a pump-free negative pressure sampling device is a simple, inexpensive, energy efficient, miniaturized system that can be successfully applied for the determination of catecholamines in urine samples.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Zhenhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaoning
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chunxiu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yuanming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine*; D046209:Electrophoresis, Microchip / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents
keywords: Catecholamines; Method development; Microchip electrophoresis; Nonaqueous; Urine samples