title: Does neutrophil gelatinase-asociated lipocalin have prognostic value in patients with stable angina undergoing elective PCI? A 3-year follow-up study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a widely accepted diagnostic marker of acute renal injury (AKI) may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prognostic significance of serum and urinary NGAL and serum cystatin C in patients with stable angina undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on a 3-year follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included patients with stable angina undergoing PCI. Serum NGAL and cystatin C were evaluated before and 4h, 8h after PCI. Urinary NGAL was evaluated before and 12h and 24h after the procedure. The primary end-point was all-cause mortality on a 3-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 132 patients there were 63% of males (mean age 64,5±9,8 years). Mean eGFR was 86.2±28.5 ml/min. During follow-up 8% of the patients died. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in patients with increased urinary NGAL concentration 12h after PCI (p=0.04). Urinary NGAL 12h after PCI correlated with eGFR (p<0.05), with serum NGAL evaluated before and 4h and 8h after PCI (p<0.05) and with increased serum cystatin C evaluated 4 hours after PCI (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased urinary NGAL concentration is a strong predictor of mortality in patients with stable angina who undergo PCI and may be used for the risk stratification in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University in Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bachorzewska-Gajewska
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomaszuk-Kazberuk
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jarocka
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mlodawska
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lopatowska
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zalewska-Adamiec
authors.forename: Slawomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dobrzycki
authors.forename: Wlodzimierz J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Musial
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malyszko
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000652:urine*; D000368:Aged; D060050:Angina, Stable / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery* / Q000652:urine*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins