title: Identification and molecular characterization of norovirus in são paulo state, Brazil.
abstract: Norovirus (NoV), previously called Norwalk-like virus, represents an important group of human pathogens associated with outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis. Epidemiological surveys of outbreaks have shown that the most important routes of transmission are person-to-person contacts and contaminated food and water, with the virus affecting adults and children. NoV is classified into genogroups, being genogroups GI, GII and GIV found in humans. In view of the high genetic diversity of NoV and the lack of information about this virus in Brazil, the aim of the present study was the molecular characterization of NoV isolated from diarrheic stool samples of patients from São Paulo State. In this study, 204 stool specimens collected during diarrhea outbreaks were analyzed by RT-PCR, and 12 were sequenced for genogroup confirmation. One-step PCR was performed in order to amplify the B region of ORF 1 using the MON 431, 432, 433 and 434 primer pool. From total, 32 (15.7%) stool specimens were positive for NoV genogroup GII. Comparison of the sequences of the PCR products to GenBank sequences showed 88.8% to 98.8% identity, suggesting the presence of genogroup GII in gastroenteritis outbreaks in São Paulo State.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Vírus Entéricos, Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo , Brasil.
authors.forename: Simone Guadagnucci
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Morilla
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cilli
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Cássia Compagnoli Carmona
authors.forename: Maria do Carmo Sampaio Tavares
authors.initials: Mdo C
authors.lastname: Timenetsky
keywords: Genogroup GII; Molecular characterization; Norovirus
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