title: Vicarious neural processing of outcomes during observational learning.
abstract: Learning what behaviour is appropriate in a specific context by observing the actions of others and their outcomes is a key constituent of human cognition, because it saves time and energy and reduces exposure to potentially dangerous situations. Observational learning of associative rules relies on the ability to map the actions of others onto our own, process outcomes, and combine these sources of information. Here, we combined newly developed experimental tasks and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural mechanisms that govern such observational learning. Results show that the neural systems involved in individual trial-and-error learning and in action observation and execution both participate in observational learning. In addition, we identified brain areas that specifically activate for others' incorrect outcomes during learning in the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC), the anterior insula and the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS).
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1028; CNRS, UMR5292; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, ImpAct Team, Lyon, France ; Institut de Médecine Environnementale, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monfardini
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gazzola
authors.forename: Driss
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boussaoud
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brovelli
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keysers
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wicker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D055815:Young Adult
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