title: [Estimation of cadmium exposure level for the residents in metal contaminative area].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate situation of environmental cadmium pollution and exposure level of cadmium in general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Local self-seeded grain and vegetable sample were collected and detected for cadmium content. Dietary survey was carried out in the local resident at the same time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  833 samples and 124 samples were collected respectively from polluted area and control area. Three days diet survey were conducted in 546 residents. Cd contents of grains from polluted area are higher than that from control area. corn, rape, potato and kidney bean (dry) are the main food. Rape is the major source of dietary cadmium intake. Average daily Cd intake and cumulative Cd intake of residents in polluted area exceeded the limitation of the cadmium from food recommended by WHO, while control area is under the limit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-seeded vegetable is the main media of cadmium intake for the local resident in cadmium contaminated area, cumulative Cd intake for male > or = 55 years old and for female > or = 65 years old had reached 2000mg, which is the threshold for health hazard recommended by WHO.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, China CDC, Beijing 100050, China. wwqzhang@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Wenli
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jingxiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jialong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Dancheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008906:Mining; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry; D055815:Young Adult; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry; D015032:Zinc
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D015032:Zinc