title: Oxidative stress injury after on-pump cardiac surgery: effects of aortic cross clamp time and type of surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in on-pump cardiac surgery can have harmful systemic effects, triggered in part by radical oxygen species (ROS) produced by ischemia-reperfusion in the heart and the lung. We determined the relationship between levels of oxidative stress markers (8-isoprostane and nitrites/nitrates) in plasma with aortic cross clamp duration in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with CPB were studied: 14 with coronary artery bypass graft surgery and 16 with valve surgery. Plasma levels of 8-isoprostane, and nitrites/nitrates were measured over a 24-hour time course: before (T0) and after CPB: 5 minutes (T1), 1 hour (T2), 12 hours (T3), and 24 hours (T4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma levels of 8-isoprostane and nitrites/nitrates increased early after CPB, with a subsequent and progressive decline. Levels of oxidative stress markers in T1-T2 were positively correlated with the aortic cross clamp duration. Aortic cross clamp duration times greater than 50 minutes were correlated with higher oxidative stress levels. There were no significant differences in the levels of oxidative stress markers between surgery types.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac surgery with CPB is associated with an early increase of oxidative stress markers in systemic blood. Aortic cross clamp duration is positively correlated with oxidative stress injury.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-de-la-Asunción
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pastor
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perez-Griera
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Belda
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-del-Olmo
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martí
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood; D013903:Thoracic Surgery
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D015237:Dinoprost
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