title: The osteogenic response of mesenchymal stem cells to an injectable PLGA bone regeneration system.
abstract: The enrichment of substrates/surfaces with selected functional groups, methyl (-CH3), allyl amine (-NH2), allyl alcohol (-OH) and acrylic acid (-COOH), can be used to trigger mesenchymal stem (MSC) cell differentiation into specified lineages, minimising the need for exogenous biological supplementation. We present the successful translation of this research phenomenon to an injectable two phase injectable PLGA system, utilising plasma techniques, for the repair of bone defects. Modified microspheres were characterised using water contact angel (WCA), X-ray Photon Spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). When cultured in contact with MSCs in vitro, the ability of the modified particles, within the 2 phase system, to induce differentiation was characterised using quantitative assays for cell viability and histological analysis for key markers of differentiation throughout the entirety of the three dimensional scaffold. Biological analysis proved that selected modified microspheres have the ability to induce MSC osteogenic (-NH2 modified scaffolds) and chondrogenic (-OH modified scaffolds) differentiation throughout the entirety of the formed scaffold. Therefore optimised plasma modification of microspheres is an effective tool for the production of injectable systems for the repair of bone and cartilage defects.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Engineering, Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Judith M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Curran
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fawcett
authors.forename: Lloyd
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Nicholas P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: Cheryl V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shakesheff
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hunt
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: Degradable polymer; Mesenchymal stem cells; Osteogenic; PLGA