Methods of overcoming treatment resistance in colorectal cancer.
Metastatic colorectal cancer remains a lethal disease with a poor prognosis in the majority of patients. Multiple drug combinations have been developed in recent years that have significantly improved response rates and overall survival however resistance to these drugs is inevitable. Novel agents are currently being developed and participation in clinical trials should be encouraged. In the absence of other treatment options in a patient with good performance status, there is compelling evidence for re-challenging with previously administered agents in different combinations. The aim of this review is to discuss mechanisms of resistance and methods to overcome treatment resistance in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who are refractory to 5-FU, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, cetuximab and bevacizumab therapy.
American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Lebanon. Electronic address: St29@aub.edu.lb.
Sally
S
Temraz
American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Lebanon.
Deborah
D
Mukherji
American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Lebanon.
Raafat
R
Alameddine
American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Lebanon.
Ali
A
Shamseddine
D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068818:Cetuximab; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D012007:Rectum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000077146:Irinotecan; D000068818:Cetuximab; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin
5-Fluorouracil; Bevacizumab; Cetuximab; Drug resistance; Irinotecan; Overcome resistance; Oxaliplatin; Re-challenge