The association between gene polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase T1/M1 and type 1 diabetes in Slovak children and adolescents.
BACKGROUND
Considering a dramatic increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) worldwide, current research focuses on complex etiology of T1D where immune system, environmental and genetic factors play a significant role. Glutathione S-transferase family of enzymes protects tissue from oxidative damage which is discussed in the context of T1D. The aim of the study was to investigate an association of glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GST M1) and glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GST T1) polymorphisms with type 1 diabetes.


METHODS
163 children, 116 with type 1 diabetes and 47 healthy controls, at the age 6-19 years were enrolled to the study. Basic anthropometric, biochemical parameters and GST T1 diabetes and M1 polymorphisms were established in each subject.


RESULTS
Subjects with T1D had significantly lower concentration of uric acid compared to the healthy subjects (212.85 +/- 57.10 micromol/l vs. 269.57 +/- 72.53; p < 0.001). GST T1 null genotype was more frequent in patients with diabetes compared to the healthy controls (36.2% vs. 21.3%) and represented 2.1-fold increased risk of T1D of borderline statistical significance (OR = 2.1; 95% Cl = 0.949-4.648; p = 0.06). GST T1 null/M1 wild genotype combination was more frequent in patients with diabetes (25.9% vs. 10.6%) and represented 2.9-fold increased risk for T1D development (OR = 2.93; 95% CI = 1.061-8.095; p = 0.032).


CONCLUSIONS
The study indicates that GST T1 null genotype and GST T1 null/M1 wild combination could be considered a risk factor for type 1 diabetes development in Slovak children and adolescents.
Department of Pediatrics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovakia. jarmilavojtkova@gmail.com
Jarmila
J
Vojtková
Peter
P
Durdík
Miriam
M
Ciljaková
Zuzana
Z
Michnová
Tomás
T
Turcan
Eva
E
Babusíková
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D018154:Slovakia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine
D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D014527:Uric Acid; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1