Typology and indicators of ecosystem services for marine spatial planning and management.
The ecosystem services concept provides both an analytical and communicative tool to identify and quantify the link between human welfare and the environment, and thus to evaluate the ramifications of management interventions. Marine spatial planning (MSP) and Ecosystem-based Management (EBM) are a form of management intervention that has become increasingly popular and important globally. The ecosystem service concept is rarely applied in marine planning and management to date which we argue is due to the lack of a well-structured, systematic classification and assessment of marine ecosystem services. In this paper we not only develop such a typology but also provide guidance to select appropriate indicators for all relevant ecosystem services. We apply this marine-specific ecosystem service typology to MSP and EBM. We thus provide not only a novel theoretical construct but also show how the ecosystem services concept can be used in marine planning and management.
Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: anne.boehnke-henrichs@wur.nl.
Anne
A
Böhnke-Henrichs
Corinne
C
Baulcomb
Rebecca
R
Koss
S Salman
SS
Hussain
Rudolf S
RS
de Groot
D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008386:Marine Biology; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009792:Oceans and Seas
EBM; EEZ; ES; Ecosystem approach; Ecosystem-based management; Exclusive Economic Zone; GES; Indicators; MSFD; MSP; Marine Strategy Framework Directive; Marine ecosystem services typology; Marine spatial planning; TEEB; ecosystem service; ecosystem-based management; good environmental status; marine spatial planning; marine strategy framework directive; pMSPD; proposed Marine Spatial Planning Directive; the economics of ecosystems and biodiversity