Hypophosphatemia during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration is associated with mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury.
BACKGROUND
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether hypophosphatemia during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) is associated with the global outcome of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI).


METHODS
760 patients diagnosed with AKI and had received CVVH therapy were retrospectively recruited. Death during the 28-day period and survival at 28 days after initiation of CVVH were used as endpoints. Demographic and clinical data including serum phosphorus levels were recorded along with clinical outcome. Hypophosphatemia was defined according to the colorimetric method as serum phosphorus levels < 0.81 mmol/L (2.5 mg/dL), and severe hypophosphatemia was defined as serum phosphorus levels < 0.32 mmol/L (1 mg/dL). The ratio of CVVH therapy days with hypophosphatemia over total CVVH therapy days was calculated to reflect the persistence of hypophosphatemia.


RESULTS
The Cox proportional hazard survival model analysis indicated that the incidence of hypophosphatemia or even severe hypophosphatemia was not associated with 28-day mortality independently (p = 0.700). Further analysis with the sub-cohort of patients who had developed hypophosphatemia during the CVVH therapy period indicated that the mean ratio of CVVH therapy days with hypophosphatemia over total CVVH therapy days was 0.58, and the ratio independently associated with the global outcome. Compared with the patients with low ratio (< 0.58), those with high ratio (≥ 0.58) conferred a 1.451-fold increase in 28-day mortality rate (95% CI 1.103-1.910, p = 0.008).


CONCLUSIONS
Hypophosphatemia during CVVH associated with the global clinical outcome of critically ill patients with AKI. The ratio of CVVH therapy days with hypophosphatemia over total CVVH therapy days was independently associated with the 28-day mortality, and high ratio conferred higher mortality rate.
Yi
Y
Yang
Ping
P
Zhang
Yu
Y
Cui
Xia
X
Lang
Jing
J
Yuan
Hua
H
Jiang
Wen
W
Lei
Rong
R
Lv
Yi
Y
Zhu
En
E
Lai
Jiang
J
Chen
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006440:Hemofiltration / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D017674:Hypophosphatemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D016896:Treatment Outcome