Crotonaldehyde induces heat shock protein 72 expression that mediates anti-apoptotic effects in human endothelial cells.
Crotonaldehyde is a highly reactive aldehyde and a common environmental pollutant. It occurs in cigarette smoke and automobile exhaust, and is also endogenously generated by lipid peroxidation. Reactive aldehydes, such as crotonaldehyde, are considered to be important mediators of cell damage. Since endothelial apoptosis is considered to be the first step in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, there have been many efforts to protect endothelial cell from oxidative stress. Heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) is a representative stress-inducible HSP70 family protein, and its synthesis is increased in response to multiple stressors. In the present study, we investigated the effect of crotonaldehyde on the up-regulation of HSP72 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Crotonaldehyde treatment caused nuclear accumulation of the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), leading to the induction of HSP72. Inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) signaling pathways, reduction of intracellular calcium level and blocking of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation resulted in significant blockage of crotonaldehyde-mediated HSP72 induction. In addition, HSP72 silencing by siRNA or calcium chelating by BAPTA/AM resulted in an obvious increase in the rate of apoptosis in crotonaldehyde-stimulated HUVECs. In summary, our data demonstrated that crotonaldehyde-induced HSP72 expression in HUVECs is mediated by the JNK-HSF1 pathway, and involves calcium ions and ROS, which is an adaptive response to oxidative stress caused by crotonaldehyde.
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dong Sun
DS
Ryu
Hana
H
Yang
Seung Eun
SE
Lee
Cheung-Seog
CS
Park
Young-Ho
YH
Jin
Yong Seek
YS
Park
D000447:Aldehydes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000076249:Heat Shock Transcription Factors; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
D000447:Aldehydes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; C000619706:HSF1 protein, human; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; D000076249:Heat Shock Transcription Factors; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004533:Egtazic Acid; C012796:2-butenal; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C025603:1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid
Apoptosis; Cardiovascular diseases; Crotonaldehyde; Endothelial cells; Heat shock protein 72; Heat shock proteins