Quality assurance in digital dental imaging: a systematic review.
OBJECTIVE
Doses induced by individual dental examinations are low. However, dental radiography accounts for nearly one third of the total number of radiological examinations in the European Union. Therefore, special attention is needed with regard to radiation protection. In order to lower patient doses, the staff performing dental examinations must have competence in imaging as well as in radiation protection issues. This paper presents a systematic review about the core competencies needed by the healthcare staff in performing digital dental radiological imaging quality assurance.


METHODS
The following databases were searched: Pubmed, Cinahl, Pro Quest and IEEXplore digital library. Also volumes of some dental imaging journals and doctoral theses of the Finnish universities educating dentists were searched. The search was performed using both MeSH terms and keywords using the option 'search all text'. The original keywords were: dental imaging, digital, x-ray, panoramic, quality, assurance, competence, competency, skills, knowledge, radiographer, radiologist technician, dentist, oral hygienist, radiation protection and their Finnish synonyms.


RESULTS
Core competencies needed by the healthcare staff performing digital dental radiological imaging quality assurance described in the selected studies were: management of dental imaging equipment, competence in image quality and factors associated with it, dose optimization and quality assurance.


CONCLUSIONS
In the future there will be higher doses in dental imaging due to increasing use of CBCT and digital imaging. The staff performing dental imaging must have competence in dental imaging quality assurance issues found in this review. They also have to practice ethical radiation safety culture in clinical practice.
Degree Programme of Radiography and Radiotherapy, Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences , Helsinki , Finland.
Eija
E
Metsälä
Anja
A
Henner
Marja
M
Ekholm
D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D011861:Radiography, Dental
competence; dental imaging; education; quality assurance