Expression of immune relevant genes in rainbow trout following exposure to live Anisakis simplex larvae.
Basic immune response mechanisms in vertebrates against helminths are still poorly understood. Fish-nematode models may prove valuable for elucidation of this question. In this study we orally challenged rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with larvae of Anisakis simplex (Nematoda: Anisakidae) and subsequently investigated the expression of 18 immune relevant genes in spleen and liver 1, 4 and 8days post infection (d.p.i.). Gene expression data were analysed with regard to the infection status of the challenged rainbow trout at the time of necropsy; "worms rejected" (÷worms), "worms present" (+worms) and a combined group consisting of samples pooled from both previous groups (÷/+worms). No significant regulation of cytokine genes was recorded but fish which had rejected worms up-regulated the CD4 gene (6.1-fold change, 8d.p.i.) in liver. The gene encoding CD8 was significantly down-regulated 24h post challenge in livers in fish still carrying worms (2.7-fold change) but not in the worm-free group. The immunoglobulin gene IgM was significantly down-regulated (2.9-fold change, 8d.p.i.) in liver samples from the +worms group. Complement factor C3 and precerebellin genes were significantly up-regulated twofold in liver samples from infected fish 4d.p.i. Significant up-regulation of the acute-phase protein SAA was observed in all three groups and in both tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the expression of immune genes in a fish host challenged with live nematode larvae.
Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 7, Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Electronic address: haarder@sund.ku.dk.
Simon
S
Haarder
Per W
PW
Kania
Qusay Z M
QZ
Bahlool
Kurt
K
Buchmann
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017129:Anisakiasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D017163:Anisakis / Q000276:immunology*; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D005399:Fishes; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000276:immunology; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D009659:North Sea / Q000453:epidemiology; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D003176:Complement C3; D016207:Cytokines; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D014157:Transcription Factors
Anisakis simplex; Fish immunology; Fish-nematode experimental model; Gene expression; Rainbow trout; qPCR