Enhanced binding of hydrophobic organic contaminants by microwave-assisted humification of soil organic matter.
Enhanced binding of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) with soil organic matter (SOM) by microwave (MW) irradiation was investigated in this study. We used fluorescence excitation emission matrix, humification index (HIX), and organic carbon partitioning coefficient (Koc) to examine characteristic changes in SOM and its sorptive capacity for HOCs. When MW was irradiated to soils, protein-like fluorescence decreased but fulvic- and humic-like fluorescence increased. The addition of activated carbon in the presence of oxygen facilitated the humification-like alteration of SOM more significantly, evidenced by increases in fulvic- and humic-like fluorescence signals. The extent of SOM-phenanthrene binding also increased with MW treatment, supported by a notable increase in Koc value from 1.8×10(4) to 7.3×10(5)Lkg(-1). Various descriptors indicating the physical and chemical properties of SOM along with the relative percentage of humic-like fluorescence and HIX values demonstrated strong linear relationships with Koc values. These linear relationships indicated that the increased binding affinity of SOM for phenanthrene was attributed to enhanced SOM humification, which was stimulated by MW irradiation. Thus, our results demonstrate that MW irradiation could be effectively used for remediation or for assessing the environmental risks of HOC-contaminated soils and groundwater.
Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Republic of Korea.
Jin
J
Hur
Sung-Won
SW
Park
Min Chan
MC
Kim
Han S
HS
Kim
D000327:Adsorption; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006812:Humic Substances; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008872:Microwaves; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*
D006812:Humic Substances; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C031181:phenanthrene
Fluorescence spectroscopy; Hydrophobic organic contaminants; Microwave irradiation; Soil organic matter; Sorption