Spectrum of bacterial keratitis at a tertiary eye care centre in India.
OBJECTIVE
To report the aetiological spectrum and susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from patients with corneal ulceration.


METHODS
The microbiological data of all patients with suspected infectious corneal ulceration who presented to the ocular microbiology service at this centre between 2005 and 2012 were reviewed retrospectively.


RESULTS
Microorganisms were recovered from 1665 (77%) of the 2170 ulcers. Bacterial isolates accounted for 1205 of the organisms isolated. The most common bacterial pathogens isolated were various species of Staphylococcus, representing 777 (64.5%), followed by Staphylococcus spp. (148; 12.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (117; 9.7%). High percentages of Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to gatifloxacin (>94%), followed by ofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Almost 90% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Sixty-two (44%) of 140 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 79 (14.8%) of 534 isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 33 (14%) of 234 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to three or more antibiotics.


CONCLUSIONS
Staphylococcus spp. were the most common bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with keratitis in this setting. High percentages of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin, respectively. Interestingly, a high percentage of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were found to be resistant to three or more antibiotics.
Department of Ocular Microbiology, Institute of Ophthalmology, Joseph Eye Hospital, Trichy, Tamil Nadu 620001, India.
Jayaraman
J
Kaliamurthy
Catti Muniswamy
CM
Kalavathy
Pragya
P
Parmar
Christadas Arul
CA
Nelson Jesudasan
Philip A
PA
Thomas
D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077734:Gatifloxacin; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity
D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D000077734:Gatifloxacin; D000077266:Moxifloxacin