The mechanisms of in vitro cytotoxicity of mountain tea, Sideritis scardica, against the C6 glioma cell line.
Sideritis scardica (mountain tea) is an endemic plant on the Balkan Peninsula traditionally used for treating different conditions, mainly of inflammatory nature. This study was aimed to examine the cytotoxic activity of different S. scardica extracts against the rat glioma C6 line and rat astrocytes in primary culture. The obtained data revealed that diethyl ether (extract 2) and ethyl acetate (extract 3) extracts of S. scardica exerted a cytotoxic effect on C6 rat glioma cells. Diethyl ether extract induced an increase in reactive oxygen species production, leading to apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Ethyl acetate extract induced G2 M cell cycle arrest and autophagy. None of the tested extracts was cytotoxic to rat astrocytes in primary culture. Cytotoxic effects of S. scardica extracts were, at least in part, mediated by their flavonoid constituents apigenin and luteolin that, when applied alone, induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy.
Institute of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Ivica
I
Jeremic
Vanja
V
Tadic
Andjelka
A
Isakovic
Vladimir
V
Trajkovic
Ivanka
I
Markovic
Zoran
Z
Redzic
Aleksandra
A
Isakovic
D000818:Animals; D047310:Apigenin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D047311:Luteolin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D031365:Sideritis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D003603:Cytotoxins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D047310:Apigenin; D047311:Luteolin