Complete genomic sequence of a Rubus yellow net virus isolate and detection of genome-wide pararetrovirus-derived small RNAs.
Rubus yellow net virus (RYNV) was cloned and sequenced from a red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) plant exhibiting symptoms of mosaic and mottling in the leaves. Its genomic sequence indicates that it is a distinct member of the genus Badnavirus, with 7932bp and seven ORFs, the first three corresponding in size and location to the ORFs found in the type member Commelina yellow mottle virus. Bioinformatic analysis of the genomic sequence detected several features including nucleic acid binding motifs, multiple zinc finger-like sequences and domains associated with cellular signaling. Subsequent sequencing of the small RNAs (sRNAs) from RYNV-infected R. idaeus leaf tissue was used to determine any RYNV sequences targeted by RNA silencing and identified abundant virus-derived small RNAs (vsRNAs). The majority of the vsRNAs were 22-nt in length. We observed a highly uneven genome-wide distribution of vsRNAs with strong clustering to small defined regions distributed over both strands of the RYNV genome. Together, our data show that sequences of the aphid-transmitted pararetrovirus RYNV are targeted in red raspberry by the interfering RNA pathway, a predominant antiviral defense mechanism in plants.
Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-106, United States; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada.
Melanie L
ML
Kalischuk
Adriana F
AF
Fusaro
Peter M
PM
Waterhouse
Hanu R
HR
Pappu
Lawrence M
LM
Kawchuk
D019195:Badnavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000821:virology; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics*; D027824:Rosaceae / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D004279:DNA, Viral; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
Badnavirus; Genome; RNA sequence; Raspberry; Virus-derived small RNAs