Multiple genetic origins of histidine-rich protein 2 gene deletion in Plasmodium falciparum parasites from Peru.
The majority of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) detect Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2), encoded by the pfhrp2 gene. Recently, P. falciparum isolates from Peru were found to lack pfhrp2 leading to false-negative RDT results. We hypothesized that pfhrp2-deleted parasites in Peru derived from a single genetic event. We evaluated the parasite population structure and pfhrp2 haplotype of samples collected between 1998 and 2005 using seven neutral and seven chromosome 8 microsatellite markers, respectively. Five distinct pfhrp2 haplotypes, corresponding to five neutral microsatellite-based clonal lineages, were detected in 1998-2001; pfhrp2 deletions occurred within four haplotypes. In 2003-2005, outcrossing among the parasite lineages resulted in eight population clusters that inherited the five pfhrp2 haplotypes seen previously and a new haplotype; pfhrp2 deletions occurred within four of these haplotypes. These findings indicate that the genetic origin of pfhrp2 deletion in Peru was not a single event, but likely occurred multiple times.
Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Sheila
S
Akinyi
Tonya
T
Hayden
Dionicia
D
Gamboa
Katherine
K
Torres
Jorge
J
Bendezu
Joseph F
JF
Abdallah
Sean M
SM
Griffing
Wilmer Marquiño
WM
Quezada
Nancy
N
Arrospide
Alexandre Macedo
AM
De Oliveira
Carmen
C
Lucas
Alan J
AJ
Magill
David J
DJ
Bacon
John W
JW
Barnwell
Venkatachalam
V
Udhayakumar
D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics*; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D010271:Parasites / Q000235:genetics*; D010568:Peru; D010641:Phenotype; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000235:genetics*; D015995:Prevalence; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; C514457:HRP-2 antigen, Plasmodium falciparum; D015800:Protozoan Proteins