The role of sphingosine 1-phosphate in inflammation and cancer.
The enzymes that catalyze formation of the bioactive sphingolipid, sphingosine 1-phosphate, sphingosine kinase 1 and 2, are predictive markers in inflammatory diseases and cancer as evidenced by data from patients, knockout mice and the use of available molecular and chemical inhibitors. Thus, there is a compelling case for therapeutic targeting of sphingosine kinase. In addition, there are several examples of functional interaction between sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors and sphingosine kinase 1 that can drive malicious amplification loops that promote cancer cell growth. These novel aspects of sphingosine 1-phosphate pathobiology are reviewed herein.
Cell Biology Research Group, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK. Electronic address: n.j.pyne@strath.ac.uk.
Nigel J
NJ
Pyne
Cell Biology Research Group, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
Jan
J
Ohotski
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597, USA.
Robert
R
Bittman
Cell Biology Research Group, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
Susan
S
Pyne
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000276:immunology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000276:immunology; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase
D008246:Lysophospholipids; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D013110:Sphingosine; D000099157:Sphingosine Kinase; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate