Tetherin restricts herpes simplex virus 1 and is antagonized by glycoprotein M.
Tetherin is a broadly active antiviral effector that works by tethering nascent enveloped virions to a host cell membrane, thus preventing their release. In this study, we demonstrate that herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is targeted by tetherin. We identify the viral envelope glycoprotein M (gM) as having moderate anti-tetherin activity. We show that gM but not gB or gD efficiently removes tetherin from the plasma membrane and can functionally substitute for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpu protein, the prototypic viral tetherin antagonist, in rescuing HIV-1 release from tetherin-expressing cells. Our data emphasize that tetherin is a broadly active antiviral effector and contribute to the emerging hypothesis that viruses must suppress or evade an array of host cell countermeasures in order to establish a productive infection.
University College London, Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Molecular Virology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Caroline
C
Blondeau
Annegret
A
Pelchen-Matthews
Petra
P
Mlcochova
Mark
M
Marsh
Richard S B
RS
Milne
Greg J
GJ
Towers
D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2
D015703:Antigens, CD; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; C094572:BST2 protein, human; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2; C081689:UL10 protein, Human herpesvirus 1