Effects of two different strategies of fluid administration on inflammatory mediators, plasma electrolytes and acid/base disorders in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a randomized double blind study.
BACKGROUND
Administration of normal saline might increase circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and may cause variation of plasmatic electrolytic and hyperchloremic acidosis, which in turn can impair renal function. Hence the use of balanced solutions could influence the inflammatory cascade triggered by the surgical procedures, the plasmatic electrolyte concentration, the acid-base equilibrium, and the renal function.


METHODS
This is a double blind randomized trial. Forty patients undergoing major abdominal surgery (bowel cancer) were allocated in two groups, the balanced solution (BS) group in which the fluids administered were balanced solutions (colloids and crystalloids); and the unbalanced solution (UBS) group in which the fluids administered were unbalanced solutions (colloids and crystalloids). Measurements were performed after anaesthesia induction (T0), at the end of surgery (T1), within 2 h after surgery (T2) and 24 h after the beginning of surgery (T3). The following data were collected: 1) active matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and its tissue inhibitor (TIMP-1), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10; 2) blood gases variables; 3) electrolytes, albumin, total serum protein and the strong ion difference; 4) neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) from urinary sample.


RESULTS
The BS group exhibited higher circulating level of IL-10 and TIMP-1 and lower level of active MMP-9. The UBS group experienced hypercloremia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, worse acid-base equilibrium and higher level of NGAL.


CONCLUSIONS
The use of balanced solutions was responsible of less alteration of plasmatic electrolytes, acid-base equilibrium, kidney function and it might be associated with an early anti-inflammatory mechanisms triggering.


BACKGROUND
ClinicalTrials.gov (Ref: NCT01320891).
Department of Surgical, Anaesthesiological and Radiological Science, Section of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, S, Anna Hospital, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro n, 8-44124 Cona, Ferrara, Italy. vlc@unife.it.
Carlo Alberto
CA
Volta
Alessandro
A
Trentini
Lucia
L
Farabegoli
Maria Cristina
MC
Manfrinato
Valentina
V
Alvisi
Franco
F
Dallocchio
Elisabetta
E
Marangoni
Raffaele
R
Alvisi
Tiziana
T
Bellini