Renoprotective effects of Maillard reaction products generated during heat treatment of ginsenoside Re with leucine.
The structural change of ginsenoside and the generation of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are important to the increase in the biological activities of Panax ginseng. This study was carried out to identify the renoprotective active component of P. ginseng using the Maillard reaction model experiment with ginsenoside Re and leucine. Ginsenoside Re was gradually converted into less-polar ginsenosides Rg2, Rg6 and F4 by heat-processing, followed by separation of the glucosyl moiety at carbon-20. The free radical-scavenging activity of the ginsenoside Re-leucine mixture was increased by heat-processing. The improved free radical-scavenging activity by heat-processing was mediated by the generation of MRPs from the reaction of glucose and leucine. The cisplatin-induced LLC-PK1 renal cell damage was also significantly reduced by treatment with MRPs. Moreover, the heat-processed glucose-leucine mixture (major MRPs from the ginsenoside Re-leucine mixture) showed protective effects against cisplatin-induced oxidative renal damage in rats through the inhibition of caspase-3 activation.
Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-711, Republic of Korea.
Ji Hoon
JH
Kim
Im-Ho
IH
Han
Noriko
N
Yamabe
Young-Joo
YJ
Kim
Woojung
W
Lee
Dae-Woon
DW
Eom
Pilju
P
Choi
Gab Jin
GJ
Cheon
Hyuk-Jai
HJ
Jang
Su-Nam
SN
Kim
Jungyeob
J
Ham
Ki Sung
KS
Kang
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007930:Leucine / Q000737:chemistry*; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D000975:Antioxidants; D036145:Ginsenosides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; C049864:ginsenoside Re; D007930:Leucine
Ginsenoside; Heat-processing; Maillard reaction; Renoprotective effect