Protection of dried probiotic bacteria from bile using bile adsorbent resins.
Enteric coated oral tablets or capsules can deliver dried live cells directly into the intestine. Previously, we found that a live attenuated bacterial vaccine acquired sensitivity to intestinal bile when dried, raising the possibility that although gastric acid can be bypassed, significant loss of viability might occur on release from an enteric coated oral formulations. Here we demonstrate that some food-grade lyophilised preparations of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus salivarius also show temporary bile sensitivity that can be rapidly reversed by rehydration. To protect dried bacterial cells from temporary bile sensitivity, we propose using bile acid adsorbing resins, such as cholestyramine, which are bile acid binding agents, historically used to lower cholesterol levels. Vcaps™ HPMC capsules alone provided up to 830-fold protection from bile. The inclusion of 50% w/w cholestyramine in Vcaps™ HPMC capsules resulted in release of up to 1700-fold more live Lactobacillus casei into simulated intestinal fluid containing 1% bile, when compared to dried cells added directly to bile. We conclude that delivery of dried live probiotic organisms to the intestine may be improved by providing protection from bile by addition of bile adsorbing resins and the use of HPMC capsules.
Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, UK.
Krishnaa T
KT
Mahbubani
Nigel K H
NK
Slater
Alexander D
AD
Edwards
D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry*; D002214:Capsules; D002417:Cattle; D002792:Cholestyramine Resin / Q000737:chemistry*; D003890:Desiccation; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D050296:Microbial Viability; D019936:Probiotics / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine
D002214:Capsules; D002792:Cholestyramine Resin