Enhanced hemangioblast generation and improved vascular repair and regeneration from embryonic stem cells by defined transcription factors.
The fetal liver kinase 1 (FLK-1)(+) hemangioblast can generate hematopoietic, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). ER71/ETV2, GATA2, and SCL form a core transcriptional network in hemangioblast development. Transient coexpression of these three factors during mesoderm formation stage in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) robustly enhanced hemangioblast generation by activating bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and FLK-1 signaling while inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, WNT signaling, and cardiac output. Moreover, etsrp, gata2, and scl inhibition converted hematopoietic field of the zebrafish anterior lateral plate mesoderm to cardiac. FLK-1(+) hemangioblasts generated by transient coexpression of the three factors (ER71-GATA2-SCL [EGS]-induced FLK-1(+)) effectively produced hematopoietic, endothelial, and SMCs in culture and in vivo. Importantly, EGS-induced FLK-1(+) hemangioblasts, when codelivered with mesenchymal stem cells as spheroids, were protected from apoptosis and generated functional endothelial cells and SMCs in ischemic mouse hindlimbs, resulting in improved blood perfusion and limb salvage. ESC-derived, EGS-induced FLK-1(+) hemangioblasts could provide an attractive cell source for future hematopoietic and vascular repair and regeneration.
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Fang
F
Liu
Suk Ho
SH
Bhang
Elizabeth
E
Arentson
Atsushi
A
Sawada
Chan Kyu
CK
Kim
Inyoung
I
Kang
Jinsheng
J
Yu
Nagisa
N
Sakurai
Suk Hyung
SH
Kim
Judy Ji Woon
JJ
Yoo
Paul
P
Kim
Seong Ho
SH
Pahng
Younan
Y
Xia
Lilianna
L
Solnica-Krezel
Kyunghee
K
Choi
D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D055018:Hemangioblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply / Q000293:injuries; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000378:metabolism*
D014157:Transcription Factors; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2