Distribution of selected gene polymorphisms of UGT1A1 in a Saudi population.
BACKGROUND
Glucuronidation is an important phase II pathway responsible for the metabolism of many endogenous substances and drugs to less toxic metabolites, which undergo renal excretion. The aim of the current work was to evaluate genotype and allele frequencies of certain UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) variants in an Arab population.


METHODS
Genomic DNA was isolated from 192 healthy unrelated Saudi males of various geographic regions and genotyping of UGT1A1*6, *27, *36, *28, *37, and *60 was carried out using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification followed by direct sequencing.


RESULTS
The most common allele for (TA) repeats was the wild type (TA)6 with a frequency of 74.3% followed by the mutant (TA)7 (i.e., UGT1A1*28) with a frequency of 25.7%. The distribution of UGT1A1*60 allele was 62.4% among subjects with the homozygous mutant genotype of 35.4%, while the wild type variant represents 10.6% only. Both UGT1A1*6 and *27 were not detected as all screened subjects showed a homozygous wild type pattern. Similarly, UGT1A1*36* and *37 were either not present or rarely found, respectively. In comparison to other populations, the frequency of UGT1A1*60 and *28 in the studied population was less than that of African Americans but higher than Asians. The geographical origin of the study subjects also implied some differences in genotype distribution of (TA) repeats and UGT1A1*60.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data indicate that Saudis harbor some important UGT1A1 mutations known to affect enzyme activity. Additional studies are warranted to assess the clinical implications of these gene polymorphisms in this ethnic group.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Biomarkers Research Program, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Khalid M
KM
Alkharfy
Amal M
AM
Alghamdi
Khawla M
KM
Bagulb
Fahad I
FI
Al-Jenoobi
Abdullah M
AM
Al-Mohizea
Saleh
S
Al-Muhsen
Rabih
R
Halwani
Mohammad K
MK
Parvez
Mohammed S
MS
Al-Dosari
Saudi Arabians; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1; gene polymorphism; glucuronidation