Upregulation of the proinflammatory cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in rats' intestinal anastomotic wound healing--does it matter?
BACKGROUND
The proinflammatory cytokines and growth-promoting factor are essential components of the wound healing process. We hypothesized that under healthy conditions, faster healing of intestinal anastomotic wound is due to an early upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1) that is followed by a quicker upregulation of homeostatic chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and late upregulation of transforming growth factor (TGF-β).


METHODS
We characterized the time course of CINC-1, MCP-1 and TGF-β release at four wounds (skin, muscle, small bowel, and colonic anastomosis) after surgery on 38 juvenile male Sprague Dawley rats. The tissue samples of each site were harvested at 0 (control), 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days postoperatively (n = 6-8/group) and analyzed by ELISA kits for CINC-1, MCP-1 and TGF-β.


RESULTS
CINC-1 expression peaked earlier in muscle and colonic wounds when compared to skin and small bowel. MCP-1 levels were elevated early in skin and muscle wounds, but later expression of MCP-1 was shown in colonic wounds. TGF-β levels were unchanged in all wound sites.


CONCLUSIONS
An earlier peak in CINC-1 levels and later expression of MCP-1 were seen in colonic wounds, but no significant increase in TGF-β levels was observed. These findings support the early healing process in intestinal anastomotic wounds.
Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: zzoghaibi@gmail.com.
Mohammed A
MA
Alzoghaibi
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed M
AM
Zubaidi
D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000502:physiology*; D003106:Colon / Q000293:injuries; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta
CINC-1; MCP-1; TGF-β; intestinal anastomosis; wound