The cost-effectiveness of growth hormone replacement therapy (Genotropin®) in hypopituitary adults in Sweden.
BACKGROUND
To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of growth hormone (GH) treatment (Genotropin®) compared with no GH treatment in adults with GH deficiency in a Swedish societal setting.


METHODS
A Markov-type cost-utility simulation model was constructed and used to simulate, for men and women, morbidity and mortality for GH-treated and -untreated individuals over a 20-year period. The calculations were performed using current available prices concerning morbidity-related healthcare costs and costs for Genotropin®. All costs and treatment effects were discounted at 3%. Costs were expressed in Euro (1€ = 9.03 SEK). GH-treated Swedish patients (n = 434) were identified from the KIMS database (Pfizer International Metabolic Database) and untreated patients (n = 2135) from the Swedish Cancer Registry and the Hospital Discharge Registry.


RESULTS
The results are reported as incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained, including both direct and indirect costs for GH-treated versus untreated patients. The weighted sum of all subgroup incremental cost per QALY was €15,975 and €20,241 for men and women, respectively. Including indirect cost resulted in lower cost per QALY gained: €11,173 and €10,753 for men and women, respectively. Key drivers of the results were improvement in quality of life, increased survival, and intervention cost.


CONCLUSIONS
The incremental cost per QALY gained is moderate when compared with informal thresholds applied in Sweden. The simulations suggest that GH-treatment is cost-effective for both men and women at the €55,371 (SEK 500,000 - the informal Swedish cost-effectiveness threshold) per QALY threshold.
Department of Economics, Centre for Health Economics, University of Gothenburg, P,O, Box 640, SE-405 30 Gothenburg Sweden. Kristian.Bolin@economics.gu.se.
Kristian
K
Bolin
Rickard
R
Sandin
Maria
M
Koltowska-Häggström
Jane
J
Loftus
Christin
C
Prütz
Björn
B
Jonsson