Oxidative stress and apoptosis was induced by bio-insecticide spinosad in the liver of Oreochromis niloticus.
This study was conducted to investigate acute toxic effects of spinosad on Glutathione-related oxidative stress markers, lipid peroxidation, heat shock proteins, apoptosis in the liver of Oreochromis niloticus selected as a model organism. The fish were exposed to sublethal spinosad concentrations (25, 50, 75 mg/L) for 24-48-72 h. tGSH, GSH, GSSG, and TBARS contents, GSH/GSSG ratio, and GPx, GR, GST and caspase enzyme activities were measured using spectrophotometrical methods, and Hsp70 content was measured by ELISA technique. The results demonstrated that spinosad exposure caused significant alterations in the GSH-related oxidative stress markers, and also caused increases in lipid peroxidation and stress proteins with inducing ROS generation in the liver. Apoptosis initiated with the induction of caspase-3 and Hsp70 could not protect the liver cells. Our results indicated that GSH-related antioxidant system tried to protect the liver cells from spinosad-induced hepatotoxicity however, the oxidative stress resulting from induction of ROS generation induced apoptosis in the liver of O. niloticus.
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Faculty of Education, Division of Science Education, Avşar Campus, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Electronic address: ppiner@ksu.edu.tr.
Petek
P
Piner
Nevin
N
Üner
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D023681:Cichlids / Q000502:physiology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018942:Macrolides / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
D004338:Drug Combinations; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; D011506:Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D053148:Caspase 3; D005978:Glutathione; C415329:spinosad
Apoptosis; Hsp70; Liver; Oreochromis niloticus; Oxidative stress; Spinosad