Influence of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on bone healing in a rat model.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE; a component of honey bee-hive propolis with antioxidant, anti-inﬂammatory, antiviral and anticancer properties) on bone regeneration and fibrotic healing in a rat model.


METHODS
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 63; mean age 7 weeks; weight 280-490 g) were randomly divided into three groups: A, cranial defect with no bone healing treatment (n = 21); B, cranial defect treated with CAPE (n = 21); C, cranial defect treated with CAPE and β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyl apatite (n = 21). Rats were anaesthetized with ketamine (8 mg/100 g) by intraperitoneal injection and a cranial critical size bone defect was created. Following surgery, CAPE (10 µmol/kg) was administered by daily intraperitoneal injection. Seven rats in each group were killed at days 7, 15 and 30 following surgery. Bone regeneration, fibrotic healing and osteoblast activity were evaluated by histopathology.


RESULTS
Statistically significant differences in healing were found between all groups. There were no statistically significant within-group differences between day 7 and 15. At day 30, bone healing scores were significantly higher in groups B and C compared with group A.


CONCLUSIONS
CAPE significantly improved bone-defect healing in a rat model, suggesting that CAPE has beneficial effects on bone healing.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Turkey.
M C
MC
Uçan
M
M
Koparal
S
S
Ağaçayak
A
A
Gunay
M
M
Ozgoz
S
S
Atilgan
F
F
Yaman
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; C055494:caffeic acid phenethyl ester; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol
CAPE; Caffeic acid phenethyl ester; bone defect; bone healing