Thulium ion promotes apoptosis of primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells.
Bone is one of the main target organs for the lanthanides (Ln). Biodistribution studies of Tm-based compounds in vivo showed that bone had significant uptake. But the effect of Tm(3+) on primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) has not been reported. So we investigated the effect and underlying mechanisms of Tm(3+) on BMSCs. Cell viability, cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were studied. The results indicated that Tm(3+) increased the viability of BMSCs at concentrations of 1×10(−7), 1×10(−6), 1×10(−5), and 1×10(−4) mol/L in a dose-dependent manner, turned to decrease the viability of BMSCs at the highest concentration of 1×10(−3) mol/L for 24, 48, and 72 h. Tm(3+) at 1×10(−3) mol/L promoted apoptosis of BMSCs, increased the ROS and LDH levels, and decreased MMP in BMSCs. Taken together, we demonstrated that Tm(3+) + at 1×10(−3) mol/L might induce cellular apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway. These resultsmay be helpful for more rational application of Tm-based compounds in the future.
Chunyan
C
Dai
Gong
G
Chen
Yaqiong
Y
Dong
Jianlei
J
Duan
Shuxiang
S
Wang
Jinchao
J
Zhang
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002412:Cations / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D013932:Thulium / Q000494:pharmacology*
D002412:Cations; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013932:Thulium; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase