Y chromosome diversity and paternal origin of Chinese cattle.
To determine the Y chromosome genetic diversity and paternal origin of Chinese cattle, 369 bulls from 17 Chinese native cattle breeds and 30 bulls from Holstein and four bulls from Burma were analyzed using a recently discovered USP9Y marker that could distinguish between taurine and indicine cattle more efficiently. In total, the taurine Y1, Y2 haplogroup and indicine Y3 haplogroup were detected in 7 (1.9 %), 193 (52.3 %) and 169 (45.8 %) individuals of 17 Chinese native breeds, respectively, although these frequencies varied amongst the Chinese native cattle breeds examined. Y2 dominates in northern China (91.4 %), while Y3 dominates in southern China (81.2 %). Central China is an admixture zone with Y2 predominating overall (72.0 %). Our results demonstrate that Chinese cattle have two paternal origins, one from B. taurus (Y2) and the other from B. indicus (Y3). The Y1 haplogroup may originate from the imported beef cattle breeds in western countries. The geographical distributions of the Y2 and Y3 haplogroup frequencies reveal a pattern of male indicine introgression from south to north China, and male taurine introgression from north to south China.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, North West Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Ran
R
Li
Wen-Mei
WM
Xie
Zhen-Hua
ZH
Chang
Shao-Qiang
SQ
Wang
Rui-Hua
RH
Dang
Xian-Yong
XY
Lan
Hong
H
Chen
Chu-Zhao
CZ
Lei
D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D033481:Chromosomes, Mammalian / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005843:Geography; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D014998:Y Chromosome / Q000235:genetics*
D004247:DNA