Vitamin D: deficiency, sufficiency and toxicity.
The plethora of vitamin D studies over the recent years highlight the pleomorphic effects of vitamin D outside its conventional role in calcium and bone homeostasis. Vitamin D deficiency, though common and known, still faces several challenges among the medical community in terms of proper diagnosis and correction. In this review, the different levels of vitamin D and its clinical implications are highlighted. Recommendations and consensuses for the appropriate dose and duration for each vitamin D status are also emphasized.
Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia. najijohani@gmail.com.
Fahad
F
Alshahrani
Naji
N
Aljohani
D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000633:toxicity; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*
D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D014807:Vitamin D