Determination of pteridines in biological samples with an emphasis on their stability.
Pteridines are a group of endogenous heterocyclic compounds whose concentrations in biological fluids may be increased in some disorders, such as infections, autoimmune disorders and cancer. In particular, pteridine concentrations in urine may represent promising noninvasive markers. However, their specificity requires further investigation. Pteridines can occur in three oxidation states with different stability. In order to enable the analysis of the unstable di- and tetra-hydroforms either an oxidation (mainly with iodine) or stabilization by reducing agents is applied. Due to the high polarity of pteridines, many analytical procedures employed ion-pair, ion-exchange or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography using mostly fluorescence detection. In the last decade, MS was found to be applicable. The objective of this Review is to show possibilities and different approaches in pteridine analysis in biological samples.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Tomšíková
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Tomšík
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Solich
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Nováková
D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011621:Pteridines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000652:urine; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013696:Temperature
D011621:Pteridines