Altered antioxidant-oxidant status in the aqueous humor and peripheral blood of patients with retinitis pigmentosa.
Retinitis Pigmentosa is a common form of hereditary retinal degeneration constituting the largest Mendelian genetic cause of blindness in the developed world. It has been widely suggested that oxidative stress possibly contributes to its pathogenesis. We measured the levels of total antioxidant capacity, free nitrotyrosine, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) activity, protein, metabolites of the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway, heme oxygenase-I and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in aqueous humor or/and peripheral blood from fifty-six patients with retinitis pigmentosa and sixty subjects without systemic or ocular oxidative stress-related disease. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that retinitis pigmentosa alters ocular antioxidant defence machinery and the redox status in blood. Patients with retinitis pigmentosa present low total antioxidant capacity including reduced SOD3 activity and protein concentration in aqueous humor. Patients also show reduced SOD3 activity, increased TBARS formation and upregulation of the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway in peripheral blood. Together these findings confirmed the hypothesis that patients with retinitis pigmentosa present reduced ocular antioxidant status. Moreover, these patients show changes in some oxidative-nitrosative markers in the peripheral blood. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between these peripheral markers and retinitis pigmentosa.
Sensorineural Disorders, Health Research Institute-La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Cristina
C
Martínez-Fernández de la Cámara
David
D
Salom
Ma Dolores
MD
Sequedo
David
D
Hervás
Cristina
C
Marín-Lambíes
Elena
E
Aller
Teresa
T
Jaijo
Manuel
M
Díaz-Llopis
José María
JM
Millán
Regina
R
Rodrigo
D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D012174:Retinitis Pigmentosa / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D016877:Oxidants; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; C441642:SOD3 protein, human; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D006152:Cyclic GMP