Meta-analysis: parental interventions for preschool ADHD.
OBJECTIVE
Although psychostimulants are commonly utilized to treat preschoolers with ADHD, side effects and parental preferences limit their use in younger children. The current meta-analysis examines the efficacy of parent interventions for the treatment of ADHD in preschoolers.


METHODS
We searched PubMed and the Cochrane Library for randomized, controlled trials comparing behavioral interventions for preschool children with ADHD. Our primary outcome measure was mean improvement in an ADHD rating scale compared with control conditions.


RESULTS
Eight trials were included in the final analysis, totaling 399 participants. There was a significant benefit of parental behavioral interventions compared with control conditions (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval = [0.40, 0.83], z = 5.6, p < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
The present meta-analysis provides preliminary evidence that parental interventions are an efficacious treatment for preschool ADHD. Future research is needed to compare the relative efficacy of parental interventions for ADHD with medication management and to determine if the combination of parental training and medication management is more effective than either condition alone.
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Jilian M
JM
Mulqueen
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Christine A
CA
Bartley
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA michael.bloch@yale.edu.
Michael H
MH
Bloch
D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000628:therapy*; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; behavior therapies; meta-analysis; parent training; preschool children