Evaluation acaricidal efficacy of botanical extract from Eupatorium adenophorum against the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae).
The aim of this study was to evaluate the acaricidal activity of a botanical extract from Eupatorium adenophorum against the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis. This could result in developing effective extracts of E. adenophorum as a source of natural, low-toxicity plant-based acaricidal drugs. Adult engorged females of H. longicornis were collected from naturally infected goats. The engorged females were reared in the laboratory and their offspring (larvae and nymphs) were used as test ectoparasites. The toxic effects of botanical extracts from E. adenophorum against larvae and nymphs of H. longicornis were evaluated. The results showed that the extracts with 1.5 and 1.0g/ml (w/v) concentrations were toxic for H. longicornis, comparable to a toxic effect of 2% chlorpyrifos (positive control). The median lethal time (LT50) for larval and nymphal ticks with 1.5g/ml (w/v) concentration of extract were 0.790 (LT99=1.065) and 1.018 (LT99=10.608) hours, respectively, whereas the LT50 of 1.0g/ml (w/v) concentration were 1.445 (LT99=6.047) and 1.313 (LT99=29.932) hours for larval and nymphal ticks, respectively. At a concentration of 1.5g/ml (w/v), an acaricidal effect of 100% was achieved for both larval and nymphal ticks, while a concentration of 1.0g/ml (w/v) resulted in 100% (for larvae) and 93% (for nymphs) within a 6h period. In additional, we found that the relatively low concentration (0.5g/ml) also obtained a good acaricidal effect during the short experimental period, with 2.22 and 2.651h LT50 for larval and nymphal ticks, respectively. These results indicate that E. adenophorum contains potent acaricidal ingredients against the hard tick H. longicornis.
Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; College of Life Sciences, Leshan Normal University, Le'shan 614004, China.
Xiang
X
Nong
Yong-Jian
YJ
Tan
Jia-Hai
JH
Wang
Yue
Y
Xie
Chun-Lin
CL
Fang
Lin
L
Chen
Tian-Fei
TF
Liu
De-Ying
DY
Yang
Xiao-Bin
XB
Gu
Xue-Rong
XR
Peng
Shu-Xian
SX
Wang
Guang-You
GY
Yang
D056810:Acaricides / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D036603:Ageratina / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001096:Arachnid Vectors; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D006041:Goats; D026863:Ixodidae; D007814:Larva; D009758:Nymph; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D013983:Tick Control / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D013984:Tick Infestations / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D056810:Acaricides; D010936:Plant Extracts
Acaricidal activity; Eupatorium adenophorum; Haemaphysalis longicornis; Hematophagy