Hypolipidemic effect of Goami-3 rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Goami-3) on C57BL/6J mice is mediated by the regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and -γ.
We investigated the hypolipidemic effects of Goami-3 rice (GR; Oryza sativa L. cv. Goami-3), a newly developed strain with high levels of amylose and fibers. Diet-induced obese mice were fed three types of isocaloric diets for 8 weeks: a high-fat diet, a high-fat diet with GR or control rice (CR; O. sativa L. cv. Ilpumbyeo). Mice fed GR exhibited a significant reduction in body fat (-23%), total cholesterol (-20%) and triglyceride concentrations (-30%) compared to mice fed CR. The mice fed GR showed induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and inhibition of γ expressions in the liver and adipose tissue. The reduced adiposity of mice fed GC was supported by changes in the expression of genes related to lipid accumulation and hydrolysis in adipose tissues and the plasma concentrations of insulin, adiponectin and leptin. Principal components analysis with gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomic data revealed that the average level of specific plasma metabolites in the GR group was statistically different from that in the other groups after 4weeks. These metabolites included propionic acid, valine, leucine and proline. Based on partial least-squares analysis, the plasma concentrations of valine were inversely correlated with the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to non-HDL and HDL to total cholesterol ratios. In conclusion, GR feeding for 8 weeks significantly improved dyslipidemia and adiposity in diet-induced obese mice by regulating gene expression of PPARs and its target genes. Key plasma metabolites (including valine) were significantly altered by the hypolipidemic effects of GR.
Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-750, Republic of Korea.
A-Young
AY
Lee
Siok-Koon
SK
Yeo
Ji Hae
JH
Lee
Hea-won
HW
Kim
Yaoyao
Y
Jia
Minh Hien
MH
Hoang
Hyun
H
Chung
Young-Suk
YS
Kim
Sung-Joon
SJ
Lee
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000688:Amylose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics*; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D004043:Dietary Fiber; D020738:Leptin; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D047493:PPAR alpha; D047495:PPAR gamma; D014280:Triglycerides; D000688:Amylose; D002784:Cholesterol
GC–TOF-MS; Metabolic profiling; PPAR; Rice