Genotoxic, antigenotoxic and phytochemical assessment of Terminalia actinophylla ethanolic extract.
Terminalia actinophylla has been used for anti-diarrheic and haemostatic purposes in Brazil. The fly spot data obtained after exposure of marker-heterozygous Drosophila melanogaster larvae to T. actinophylla ethanolic extract (TAE) in the standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses revealed that TAE did not induce any statistically significant increment in any spot categories. Differences between the two crosses are related to cytochrome P450 (CYPs) levels. In this sense, our data pointed out the absence of TAE-direct and indirect mutagenic and recombinagenic action in the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART). When the anti-genotoxicity of TAE was analyzed, neither mitomycin C (MMC) nor ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) genotoxicity was modified by the post-exposure to TAE, which suggests that TAE has no effect on the mechanisms involved in the processing of the lesions induced by both genotoxins. In the mwh/flr(3) genotype, co-treatment with TAE may lead to a significant protection against the genotoxicity of MMC and a weak but significant effect in the toxic genetic action of EMS. The overall findings suggested that the favorable modulations by TAE could be, at least in part, due to its antioxidative potential.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada (PPGGTA), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil.
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Pádua
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Dihl
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Lehmann
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de Abreu
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Richter
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de Andrade
D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D000431:Ethanol; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000633:toxicity; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029766:Terminalia / Q000737:chemistry*; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000187:drug effects
D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D016685:Mitomycin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
2-aminofluorene; 2AF; 4-nitro-o-phelylenediamine; 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide; 4NQO; Antigenotoxicity; DHBA; Drosophila melanogaster; EMS; Genotoxicity; HB; LOH; MMC; MNNG; N-methyl-N′-nitro-nitrosoguanidine; NPD; OPCs; Plant extract; SMART; ST; Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test; TAE; TPL; Terminalia; Terminalia actinophylla extract; dihydroxybenzoic acid; ethylmethanesulfonate; high bioactivation cross; loss of heterozygosis; mitomycin C; oligomeric proanthocyanidins; standard cross; triphala