[Prenatal diagnosis and clinical counseling for fetal chromosomal reciprocal translocations].
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the clinical effect of fetal chromosomal reciprocal translocation in order to optimize procedures for prenatal diagnosis and clinical counseling.


METHODS
Conventional G-banding karyotype analysis was performed on 7901 amniotic fluid samples. For fetuses found to have carried a reciprocal translocation, karyotypes of their parents were checked. Fetuses with de novo translocations also underwent microarray analysis to exclude small deletions, and were subjected to prenatal ultrasound monitoring till birth and one year follow-up. Those with de novo translocations were followed till 3 years old.


RESULTS
A total of 24 fetal reciprocal translocations have been identified, which gave a detection rate of 0.30%. Analysis of parental karyotypes has found reciprocal translocations in 17 cases, including 9 maternal and 8 paternal cases. The remaining 4 were of de novo mutations, for which parental examination was refused in three cases. For fetuses with inherited translocations, prenatal ultrasound monitoring and follow-up results were all normal. For those with de novo translocations, although gene chip analysis has failed to detect copy number variations (CNVs), prenatal ultrasound and follow-up results had found three with abnormal outcome. These included 1 case with reciprocal translocation involving the X chromosome and an autosome.


CONCLUSIONS
For prenatally detected reciprocal chromosome translocations, parental origin should be traced. Gene chip analysis can help to exclude small deletions and duplications. However, ultrasound monitoring and follow-up after birth are equally important. Based on comprehensive analysis of the results of combined testing, accurate counseling can be provided.
Dingli Clinical Medical School of Wenzhou Medical College, Central Hospital of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P. R. China. Email: tsh006@163.com.
Xiao-ling
XL
Lin
Fan-ni
FN
Xie
Shao-hua
SH
Tang
Xue-qin
XQ
Xu
Hao
H
Wu
Zhao-ke
ZK
Zheng
De-qi
DQ
Li
Ping
P
Wang
D000328:Adult; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology; D005817:Genetic Counseling; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D055815:Young Adult