A Neurodegenerative Disease Sleep Questionnaire: principal component analysis in Parkinson's disease.
Sleep disturbances are common in many neurodegenerative diseases and may include altered sleep duration, fragmented sleep, nocturia, excessive daytime sleepiness, and vivid dreaming experiences, with occasional parasomnias. Although representing the "gold standard," polysomnography is not always cost-effective or available for measuring sleep disturbance, particularly for screening. Although numerous sleep-related questionnaires exist, many focus on a specific sleep disturbance (e.g., restless legs, REM Behavior Disorder) and do not capture efficiently the variety of sleep issues experienced by such patients. We administered the 12-item Neurodegenerative Disease Sleep Questionnaire (NDSQ) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to 145 idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients. Principal component analysis using eigenvalues greater than 1 suggested five separate components: sleep quality (e.g., sleep fragmentation), nocturia, vivid dreams/nightmares, restless legs symptoms, and sleep-disordered breathing. These results demonstrate construct validity of our sleep questionnaire and suggest that the NDSQ may be a useful screening tool for sleep disturbances in at least some types of neurodegenerative disorders.
Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.
Michael K
MK
Scullin
Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Psychology, USA.
Tyler L
TL
Harrison
Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.
Stewart A
SA
Factor
Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, USA. Electronic address: dbliwis@emory.edu.
Donald L
DL
Bliwise
D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D025341:Principal Component Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
Dreaming; Neurodegenerative disease; Nocturia; Parkinson's disease; Principal component analysis; Restless legs syndrome; Sleep disordered breathing; Sleep questionnaire