[Hungarian twin studies: results of four decades].
Twin studies play a role in examining the contribution of genetic variations and environmental factors responsible for the determination of phenotypic variables and of genetic linkage between genotypes. Hungarian twin studies, supported by three twin registries (among them two twin-database), date back to 1970s. Studies mainly focused on various congenital abnormalities, the effect of contraceptive pills and folic acid on the frequency of twin pregnancies, as well as psychosexual and alcohol consumptional behaviors. Monogenic Mendelian inheritance of lactose (mal)absorption was demonstrated for the first time. Hungarian Twin Registry was founded in 2007, which contributed to the current understanding on the background of several disorders, e.g. metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. As part of an international twin study, among others, arterial stiffness, central blood pressure, carotid intima/media thickness, venous biomechanics, body composition, lung function and smoking characteristics were also assessed. Absence of genetic background in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and high inheritance of carotid plaque characteristics were demonstrated for the first time. The review also aims to summarize future plans of the Hungarian Twin Registry.
Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Radiológiai és Onkoterápiás Klinika Budapest Üllői út 78/A 1082.
Ádám Domonkos
ÁD
Tárnoki
Dávid László
DL
Tárnoki
Tamás
T
Horváth
Júlia
J
Métneki
Levente
L
Littvay
D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000235:genetics; D001823:Body Composition / Q000235:genetics; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D007787:Lactose Intolerance / Q000209:etiology; D057182:Mendelian Randomization Analysis; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; D011247:Pregnancy; D059285:Pregnancy, Twin / Q000187:drug effects; D011606:Psychosexual Development; D012042:Registries; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics; D018433:Twin Studies as Topic; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000235:genetics
D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D005492:Folic Acid
environment; epigenetics; epigenetika; heritability; ikerregiszter; ikerterhesség; környezet; twin pregnancy; twin registry; öröklődés