Associations among depression, obesity, and metabolic syndrome in young adult females.
Depression may be a risk factor for obesity or metabolic syndrome. The aims of this study were to determine the relationships among depression, obesity, and metabolic syndrome in young adult females as well as the role of depression in the components of metabolic syndrome. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 323 young adult females. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory values were collected. The criteria of the Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health, Taiwan, were used to define metabolic syndrome. Depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. The prevalence of depression in the sample was 17%, that of overweight and obesity was 17%, and that of metabolic syndrome was 6.8%. Depression showed significant associations with high body mass index (BMI), increased waist circumference and blood pressure (BP), and overweight and obesity (β = 0.15, odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.11, 1.23], p < .001). No associations were observed between depression and metabolic syndrome (β = -0.01, OR = 0.99, 95% CI = [0.92, 1.06], p = .69) or any of its individual components after adjustment for BMI and demographic variables. The findings show that depression was associated with increasing odds of overweight and obesity in young adult females and may also have increased the physiological risk associated with metabolic syndrome. Early detection of depression and obesity as part of metabolic syndrome is important in the health management of young adult females for decreasing the risks of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Department of Nursing, HungKuang University, Taiwan. School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing & Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Kuan Pin
KP
Lin
Department of Nursing, HungKuang University, Taiwan. School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing & Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Tien Li
TL
Liang
Department of Nursing, HungKuang University, Taiwan. College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
I Chen
IC
Liao
College of Nursing & Health, Da-Yeh University, Taiwan. sltsay0308@gmail.com.
Shiow Luan
SL
Tsay
D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
depression; metabolic syndrome; obesity; young adult females