Thailand special recruitment track of medical students: a series of annual cross-sectional surveys on the new graduates between 2010 and 2012.
BACKGROUND
Comprehensive policies for rural retention of medical doctor and other health professional, including education strategy and mandatory service, have been implemented in Thailand since the 1970s. This study compared the rural attitudes, intention to fulfil mandatory rural service and competencies between medical graduates' from two modes of admission, normal and special tracks.


METHODS
Three cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire surveys were conducted in April 2010, 2011 and 2012. The questionnaire was distributed to all new medical graduates in the annual Ministry of Public Health meeting to allocate workplaces for the 3-year mandatory service.


RESULTS
The majority of students were recruited through the normal track (56 to 77%) from medical schools in Bangkok (56 to 66%), having mostly attended secondary schools in Bangkok. A majority of special track graduates came from secondary schools in provincial cities (76 to 79%). All three batches came from well-educated parents.A slight difference in rural attitudes was observed between tracks. Univariable analysis found statistical associations between the intention to fulfil the 3-year obligation and special track recruitment and attributes on rural exposure. Multivariable analysis showed that graduates recruited through the special track had a 10 to 15% higher probability of fulfilling the mandatory service.Special track graduates scored higher on four out of five competencies, notably procedural skills, but normal track graduates had higher competency on clinical knowledge in major clinical subjects.


CONCLUSIONS
Since special track recruitment resulted in a higher probability of fulfilling mandatory service and competency, increasing the proportion of special track recruitment and improving the effectiveness of policies addressing physician shortage were recommended.
International Health Policy Program (IHPP), Ministry of Public Health, Tivanond Road, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. weerasak@ihpp.thaigov.net.
Weerasak
W
Putthasri
Rapeepong
R
Suphanchaimat
Thitikorn
T
Topothai
Thunthita
T
Wisaijohn
Noppakun
N
Thammatacharee
Viroj
V
Tangcharoensathien
D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002321:Career Choice; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006280:Health Workforce; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D037141:Mandatory Programs; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010560:Personnel Selection / Q000379:methods*; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D019035:Rural Health Services; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013785:Thailand; D055815:Young Adult