Pulmonary outcome in former preterm, very low birth weight children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a case-control follow-up at school age.
OBJECTIVE
To assess and compare long-term pulmonary outcomes in former preterm-born, very low birth weight (VLBW) children with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) born in the surfactant era.


METHODS
Pulmonary function tests (ie, spirometry, body plethysmography, and gas transfer testing) were performed in children with a history of VLBW and BPD (n = 28) and compared with a matched preterm-born VLBW control group (n = 28). Medical history was evaluated by questionnaire.


RESULTS
At time of follow-up (mean age, 9.5 years), respiratory symptoms (36% vs 8%) and receipt of asthma medication (21% vs 0%) were significantly more frequent in the preterm-born children with previous BPD than in those with no history of BPD. The children with a history of BPD had significantly lower values for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (z-score -1.27 vs -0.4; P = .008), forced vital capacity (z-score -1.39 vs -0.71 z-score; P = .022), and forced expiratory flow rate at 50% of forced vital capacity (z-score -2.21 vs -1.04; P = .048) compared with the preterm control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Preterm-born children with a history of BPD are significantly more likely to have lung function abnormalities, such as airway obstruction and respiratory symptoms, at school age compared with preterm-born children without BPD.
Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: Maike.Hove@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
Maike
M
Vom Hove
Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Freerk
F
Prenzel
Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Holm H
HH
Uhlig
Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Eva
E
Robel-Tillig
D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012574:Schools; D013997:Time Factors; D014797:Vital Capacity
ATS; Airway resistance; American Thoracic Society; BPD; Bronchopulmonary dysplasia; DL(CO); ERS; European Respiratory Society; FEF(25)/FEF(50)/FEF(75); FEF(25-75); FEV(1); FVC; Forced expiratory flow rate at 25%/50%/75% of forced vital capacity; Forced expiratory flow rate between 25% and 75% of expired forced vital capacity; Forced expiratory volume in 1 second; Forced vital capacity; PMA; Postmenstrual age; R(AW); RV; Residual volume; TLC; Total lung capacity; Transfer factor of carbon monoxide; VLBW; Very low birth weight