Towards a critical understanding of the photosystem II repair mechanism and its regulation during stress conditions.
Photosystem II (PSII) is vulnerable to high light (HL) illumination resulting in photoinhibition. In addition to photoprotection mechanisms, plants have developed an efficient PSII repair mechanism to save themselves from irreversible damage to PSII under abiotic stresses including HL illumination. The phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle along with subsequent degradation of photodamaged D1 protein to be replaced by the insertion of a newly synthesized copy of D1 into the PSII complex, is the core function of the PSII repair cycle. The exact mechanism of this process is still under discussion. We describe the recent progress in identifying the kinases, phosphatases and proteases, and in understanding their involvement in the maintenance of thylakoid structure and the quality control of proteins by PSII repair cycle during photoinhibition.
Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea; Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 711-873, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: krishnanath@gmail.com.
Krishna
K
Nath
Anjana
A
Jajoo
Roshan Sharma
RS
Poudyal
Rupak
R
Timilsina
Yu Shin
YS
Park
Eva-Mari
EM
Aro
Hong Gil
HG
Nam
C-H
CH
Lee
D008027:Light; D008954:Models, Biological; D010766:Phosphorylation; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D020524:Thylakoids / Q000378:metabolism
D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
Cyt b6f; D1; HL; LHCII; NADPH; NPQ; OEC; PSI; PSII; Photodamage and PSII repair cycle; Proteases and D1 protein degradation; RC; ROS; Reactive oxygen species (ROS); STN8 kinase and PSII core proteins phosphorylation; TEM; UV-B; Ultra-violet radiation; a 32kDa PSII reaction center protein which involves in PSII repair; cytochrome b6f complex; energy depending quenching; high light; light harvesting complex II; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; non-photochemical quenching; oxygen evolving complex; photoinhibitory quenching; photosystem I; photosystem II; qE; qI; qT; quenching related to state transitions; reaction center; reactive oxygen species; transmission electron microscope; ultra-violet radiation B