Sinomenine suppresses osteoclast formation and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra-induced bone loss by modulating RANKL signaling pathways.
Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is essential for osteoclastogenesis. Targeting RANKL signaling pathways has been an encouraging strategy for treating lytic bone diseases such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Sinomenine (SIN), derived from Chinese medicinal plant Sinomenioumacutum, is an active compound to treat RA, but its effect on osteoclasts has been hitherto unknown. In the present study, SIN was found to ameliorate M. tuberculosis H37Ra (Mt)-induced bone loss in rats with a decreased serum level of TRACP5b and RANKL, and an increased level of osteoprotegerin (OPG). In vitro study also showed that SIN could inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption. The osteoclastic specific marker genes induced by RANKL including c-Src, MMP-9, TRACP were inhibited by SIN in a dose dependent manner. Signal transduction studies showed that SIN could obviously reduce the expression of RANK adaptor molecule TRAF6 and down-regulate RANKL-induced NF-κB activation. It decreased the RANKL-induced p38, JNK posphorylation but not ERK1/2 posphorylation. SIN could also reduce RANKL-mediated calcium influx which is associated with TRAF6/c-Src complex. Finally, SIN suppressed RANKL induced AP-1 and NFAT transcription, as well as the gene expression of NFATc1 and AP-1 components (Fra-1, Fra-2, c-Fos). The protein expression of c-Fos and TRAF6 were also inhibited by SIN after RANKL stimulation. Taken together, SIN could attenuate osteoclast formation and Mt-induced bone loss by mediating RANKL signaling pathways.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Xiaojuan
X
Li
Longgang
L
He
Yiping
Y
Hu
Heng
H
Duan
Xianglian
X
Li
Suiyi
S
Tan
Min
M
Zou
Chunping
C
Gu
Xiangzhou
X
Zeng
Le
L
Yu
Jiake
J
Xu
Shuwen
S
Liu
D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009019:Morphinans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D048029:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6
D009019:Morphinans; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D048029:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6; C009271:sinomenine