Altered neural correlates of affective processing after internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder.
Randomized controlled trials have yielded promising results for internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (iCBT) for patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). The present study investigated anxiety-related neural changes after iCBT for SAD. The amygdala is a critical hub in the neural fear network, receptive to change using emotion regulation strategies and a putative target for iCBT. Twenty-two subjects were included in pre- and post-treatment functional magnetic resonance imaging at 3T assessing neural changes during an affective face processing task. Treatment outcome was assessed using social anxiety self-reports and the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale. ICBT yielded better outcome than ABM (66% vs. 25% CGI-I responders). A significant differential activation of the left amygdala was found with relatively decreased reactivity after iCBT. Changes in the amygdala were related to a behavioral measure of social anxiety. Functional connectivity analysis in the iCBT group showed that the amygdala attenuation was associated with increased activity in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and decreased activity in the right ventrolateral and dorsolateral (dlPFC) cortices. Treatment-induced neural changes with iCBT were consistent with previously reported studies on regular CBT and emotion regulation in general.
Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Psychology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: kristoffer.nt.mansson@liu.se.
Kristoffer N T
KN
Månsson
Per
P
Carlbring
Andreas
A
Frick
Jonas
J
Engman
Carl-Johan
CJ
Olsson
Owe
O
Bodlund
Tomas
T
Furmark
Gerhard
G
Andersson
D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D004644:Emotions; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
Amygdala; Cognitive behavior therapy; dlPFC; fMRI; mOFC; vlPFC