Birds of a feather... Generalization of facial structures following massive familiarization.
Three experiments examined the effects of symmetry and complexity, as facial structures, on the aesthetic judgments of faces, and how these effects are modulated by moderate or massive familiarization. Results showed that symmetrical faces were judged as more attractive than nonsymmetrical faces, and simple faces were judged as more attractive than complex faces-with complexity defined as the number of facial elements. Complexity in faces seemed to have overridden the usually positive effects of facial symmetry. Moreover, while moderate familiarization did not modulate the effects, massive familiarization to a specific face type resulted in structural generalization effects: participants provided higher aesthetic judgments to faces that were new, but similarly structured to those which they were familiarized. This latter result contrasts previous studies that have found structural contrast effects following familiarization to meaningless, abstract stimuli. Taken together, these results reflect the greater biological and social significance of faces as compared to other objects in the world. They also show that people are drawn to those with familiar characteristics.
Division of Education, Queens College of the City University of New York, Powdermaker Hall 100, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, United States. Electronic address: pablotinio@gmail.com.
Pablo P L
PP
Tinio
Gernot
G
Gerger
Helmut
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Leder
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D004954:Esthetics / Q000523:psychology*; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D005793:Generalization, Psychological; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D021641:Recognition, Psychology; D055815:Young Adult
2323 Visual Perception; 2340 Cognitive Processes; 3040 Social Perception & Cognition; Aesthetic judgments; Complexity; Face perception; Familiarization; Mere exposure; Symmetry