Additional role of sarcopenia to waist circumference in predicting the odds of metabolic syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
It is unclear whether sarcopenia contributes to the prediction of metabolic dysregulations in addition to that predicted by waist circumference.


METHODS
Subjects consisted of 6832 adult participants in the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, grouped into categories of waist circumference (normal vs. high). Sarcopenia was assessed by appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by weight.


RESULTS
In the normal waist circumference category, the risk of metabolic syndrome was nearly 3.5-fold higher in sarcopenic men (OR, 3.39; 95% CI, 1.67-6.90) than in those without sarcopenia. For the high waist circumference category, the risk of metabolic syndrome was 2.5-fold higher in sarcopenic women (OR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.66-3.40) than in those without sarcopenia. The corresponding risk was also higher in sarcopenic men (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.11-2.94) than in those without sarcopenia. With the exception in men with high waist circumference category, adjustments for other potential confounders did not substantially affect the results. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by weight as a continuous variable was also associated with metabolic syndrome in men (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.35-0.44) and women (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.48-0.60).


CONCLUSIONS
Sarcopenia is associated with metabolic syndrome in men with normal waist circumference and women with high waist circumference. Our results emphasize that sarcopenia may contribute additionally to the risk of metabolic abnormalities beyond what is predicted by the abdominal obesity category.
Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik-Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Seung Ha
SH
Park
Armed Forces Nursing Academy, Daejon, Republic of Korea.
Jae Hee
JH
Park
Department of Emergency Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik-Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, #1435, Jwa-dong, Haeundae-gu, Busan 612-030, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kingyama@paik.ac.kr.
Ha Young
HY
Park
Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik-Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Hang Jea
HJ
Jang
Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik-Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Hyun Kuk
HK
Kim
Department of Neurology, Inje University Haeundae Paik-Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Jinse
J
Park
Department of Neurology, Inje University Haeundae Paik-Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Kyong Jin
KJ
Shin
Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Haeundae Paik-Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Jung Goo
JG
Lee
Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik-Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Young Soo
YS
Moon
D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D012307:Risk Factors; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides
Abdominal obesity; Metabolic syndrome; Sarcopenia; Waist circumference