Acute myeloid leukemia and novel biological treatments: monoclonal antibodies and cell-based gene-modified immune effectors.
In the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment, the interface between chemotherapy and immunotherapy is at present getting closer as never before. Scientific research is oriented in overcoming the main limits of actual chemotherapeutic regimens against AML, which still accounts for a considerable number of relapsed or resistant forms. A lot of investments have been done in the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and recently gene-modified immune cells have been considered as an alternative approach whenever chemotherapy fails to eradicate the disease. In this sense, AML is a potential suitable target for immunotherapeutic approaches, due to overexpression of several tumor antigens. Here we describe the state of the art of mAbs and cellular therapies employing engineered immune effectors, developed against specific AML antigens, in a window embracing preclinical research and translational studies to the clinical setting.
Centro di Ricerca Matilde Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Sarah
S
Tettamanti
Chiara Francesca
CF
Magnani
Andrea
A
Biondi
Ettore
E
Biagi
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019496:Cancer Vaccines
ACT; ADCC; AML; Acute myeloid leukemia (AML); BiTE; CAR; CDC; CIK; Chimeric Antigen Receptors; Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR); Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells; DLI; EFS; GMP; GO; GVHD; GVL; Gene therapy; Gentuzumab Ozogamicin; Good Manufacturing Practice; HSPCs; Immunotherapy; LSC; Monoclonal antibody (mAb); NK; NOD/SCID/IL2r-γnull; NSG; OS; SB; Sleeping Beauty; TAA; acute myeloid leukemia; adoptive cell therapy; antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity; bi-specific T-cell engagers; complement-dependent cytotoxicity; cytokine-induced killer; donor lymphocyte infusion; event-free survival; graft versus host disease; graft versus leukemia; hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells; leukemic stem cell; mAb; monoclonal antibody; natural killer; overall survival; tumor associated antigens