The effect of radiation timing on patients with high-risk features of parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma: an analysis of IRS-IV and D9803.
OBJECTIVE
Radiation therapy remains an essential treatment for patients with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma (PMRMS), and early radiation therapy may improve local control for patients with intracranial extension (ICE).


METHODS
To address the role of radiation therapy timing in PMRMS in the current era, we reviewed the outcome from 2 recent clinical trials for intermediate-risk RMS: Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS)-IV and Children's Oncology Group (COG) D9803. The PMRMS patients on IRS-IV with any high-risk features (cranial nerve palsy [CNP], cranial base bony erosion [CBBE], or ICE) were treated immediately at day 0, and PMRMS patients without any of these 3 features received week 6-9 radiation therapy. The D9803 PMRMS patients with ICE received day 0 X-Ray Therapy (XRT) as well; however, those with either CNP or CBBE had XRT at week 12.


RESULTS
Compared with the 198 PMRMS patients from IRS-IV, the 192 PMRMS patients from D9803 had no difference (P<.05) in 5-year local failure (19% vs 19%), failure-free-survival (70% vs 67%), or overall survival (75% vs 73%) in aggregate. The 5-year local failure rates by subset did not differ when patients were classified as having no risk features (None, 15% vs 19%, P=.25), cranial nerve palsy/cranial base of skull erosion (CNP/CBBE, 15% vs 28%, P=.22), or intracranial extension (ICE, 21% vs 15%, P=.27). The D9083 patients were more likely to have received initial staging by magnetic resonance imaging (71% vs 53%).


CONCLUSIONS
These data support that a delay in radiation therapy for high-risk PMRMS features of CNP/CBBE does not compromise clinical outcomes.
Kosair Children's Hospital and Brain Tumor Center, Louisville, Kentucky. Electronic address: Aaron.Spalding@nortonhealthcare.org.
Aaron C
AC
Spalding
Douglas S
DS
Hawkins
Sarah S
SS
Donaldson
James R
JR
Anderson
Elizabeth
E
Lyden
Fran
F
Laurie
Suzanne L
SL
Wolden
Carola A S
CA
Arndt
Jeff M
JM
Michalski
D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003389:Cranial Nerve Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D018232:Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D018233:Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D013997:Time Factors