Ginsenoside Rg1 of Panax ginseng stimulates the proliferation, odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation and gene expression profiles of human dental pulp stem cells.
Ginsenoside Rg1 is one of the major active components of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) play an important role in the dentin formation, reparation and tooth tissue engineering. This study investigated the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on the proliferation, odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs and revealed the underlying molecular mechanisms. [³H]-thymidine incorporation assay and cell cycle analysis were applied to investigate the proliferation of hDPSCs after the treatment of ginsenoside Rg1. Immunocytochemistry analysis and fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) were performed to evaluate the odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. Gene and protein expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) were detected by FQ-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Roche Nimblegen Whole Human Genome Expression profile microarray was used to detected representative gene expression profiles of hDPSCs by ginsenoside Rg1. The results indicated that ginsenoside Rg1 significantly increased hDPSCs proliferation (p<0.05). Gene expressions of DSPP, ALP, OCN, BMP-2, FGF2 and protein expressions of BMP-2 and FGF2 were increased compared with the untreated group (p<0.05). Gene expression profile analysis revealed that 2059 differentially expressed genes were detected by ginsenoside Rg1. Ginsenoside Rg1 promoted the proliferation and differentiation of hDPSCs through alteration of gene expression profiles.
Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. Electronic address: cqcnwp@sina.com.
Ping
P
Wang
Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
Xi
X
Wei
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Fujun
F
Zhang
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Kai
K
Yang
Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Chen
C
Qu
Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Huiqiong
H
Luo
Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Longzhu
L
He
D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects*
D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D036145:Ginsenosides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1
Gene array; Gene expression; Ginsenoside Rg1; Human dental pulp stem cells; Odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation; Proliferation