Effect of large colon ischemia and reperfusion on concentrations of calprotectin and other clinicopathologic variables in jugular and colonic venous blood in horses.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of large colon ischemia and reperfusion on concentrations of the inflammatory neutrophilic protein calprotectin and other clinicopathologic variables in jugular and colonic venous blood in horses.


METHODS
6 healthy horses.


METHODS
Horses were anesthetized, and ischemia was induced for 1 hour followed by 4 hours of reperfusion in a segment of the pelvic flexure of the large colon. Blood samples were obtained before anesthesia, before induction of ischemia, 1 hour after the start of ischemia, and 1, 2, and 4 hours after the start of reperfusion from jugular veins and veins of the segment of the large colon that underwent ischemia and reperfusion. A sandwich ELISA was developed for detection of equine calprotectin. Serum calprotectin concentrations and values of blood gas, hematologic, and biochemical analysis variables were determined.


RESULTS
Large colon ischemia caused metabolic acidosis, a significant increase in lactate and potassium concentrations and creatine kinase activities, and a nonsignificant decrease in glucose concentrations in colonic venous blood samples. Values of these variables after reperfusion were similar to values before ischemia. Ischemia and reperfusion induced activation of an inflammatory response characterized by an increase in neutrophil cell turnover rate in jugular and colonic venous blood samples and calprotectin concentrations in colonic venous blood samples.


CONCLUSIONS
Results of this study suggested that large colon ischemia and reperfusion caused local and systemic inflammation in horses. Serum calprotectin concentration may be useful as a marker of this inflammatory response.
Island Whirl Equine Colic Research Laboratory, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610., Shands Transplant Center at University of Florida, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL 32608.
Astrid
A
Grosche
Alison J
AJ
Morton
A Sarah
AS
Graham
Maximilian M R
MM
Polyak
David E
DE
Freeman
D000138:Acidosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D003106:Colon / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D006403:Hematologic Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D006736:Horses; D007601:Jugular Veins; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex / Q000097:blood*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors
D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D019344:Lactic Acid; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D011188:Potassium