Small molecule stimulation enhances bone regeneration but not titanium implant osseointegration.
The osteogenic and osseointegrative potential of a small molecule was examined to assess its usefulness in regenerative procedures. Purmorphamine was used to stimulate bone growth and repair in an in vitro cell-based assay and an in vivo chick embryo CAM-assay with and without the presence of an implant. Purmorphamine adhered to precipitated hydroxyapatite coating, could activate the sonic hedgehog pathway and thereby stimulated osteodifferentiation. Porous calcium phosphate beads were used to deliver this small molecule in vivo and showed that purmorphamine increased the trabecular bone to bone area significantly. The assay showed purmorphamine failed to induce any significant difference in osseointegration on titanium coated PTFE implants. This suggests that, while a small molecule can enhance osteogenesis and might be useful in regenerative procedures, it failed to enhance the osseointegration of a Ti coated implant, suggesting that this sort of stimulation might be useful for enhancing bone regeneration where bone loss due to disease exists, but not for enhancing early stability of an implant.
Biomaterials and Tissue engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Grays's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK.
Kris
K
Gellynck
Rishma
R
Shah
Mohammed
M
Parkar
Anne
A
Young
Paul
P
Buxton
Peter
P
Brett
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D002642:Chick Embryo; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D051379:Mice; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D009025:Morpholines; D011687:Purines; C020243:calcium phosphate; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; C470893:purmorphamine
Bone; Hedgehog; Osseointegration; Purmorphamine; Regeneration; Titanium