Influence of lycopene on cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis of human prostate cancer and benign hyperplastic cells.
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men of the Western world. Lycopene has received attention because of its expcted potential to prevent cancer. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of lycopene on cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells and benign prostate hyperplastic cells. Using MTT assay, we observed a decrease of cell viability in all cancer cell lines after treatment with lycopene, which decreased the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase and increased in S and G2/M phases after 96 h of treatment in metastatic prostate cancer cell lineages. Flow citometry analysis of cell cycle revealed lycopene promoted cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase after 48 and 96 h of treatment in a primary cancer cell line. Using real time PCR assay, lycopene also induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells with altered gene expression of Bax and Bcl-2. No effect was observed in benign prostate hyperplasia cells. These results suggest an effect of lycopene on activity of human prostate cancer cells.
a Programa de Pesquisa em Ciência de Alimentos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
Nathalia da Costa Pereira
Nda C
Soares
Anderson Junger
AJ
Teodoro
Felipe Leite
FL
Oliveira
Carlos Antonio do Nascimento
CA
Santos
Christina Maeda
CM
Takiya
Oswaldo Saback
OS
Junior
Mario
M
Bianco
Antonio Palumbo
AP
Junior
Luiz Eurico
LE
Nasciutti
Luciana Bueno
LB
Ferreira
Etel Rodrigues Pereira
ER
Gimba
Radovan
R
Borojevic
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects*; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000187:drug effects*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
C494826:BAX protein, human; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene