Influenza virosomes supplemented with GPI-0100 adjuvant: a potent vaccine formulation for antigen dose sparing.
Adjuvants can stimulate vaccine-induced immune responses and can contribute decisively to antigen dose sparing when vaccine antigen production is limited, as for example during a pandemic influenza outbreak. We earlier showed that GPI-0100, a semi-synthetic saponin derivative with amphiphilic structure, significantly stimulates the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of influenza subunit vaccine administered via a systemic route. Here, we evaluated the adjuvant effect of GPI-0100 on a virosomal influenza vaccine formulation. In contrast to influenza subunit vaccine adjuvanted with GPI-0100, virosomal vaccine supplemented with the same dose of GPI-0100 provided full protection of mice against infection at the extremely low antigen dose of 2 × 8 ng hemagglutinin. Overall, adjuvanted virosomes elicited higher antibody and T-cell responses than did adjuvanted subunit vaccine. The enhanced immunogenicity of the GPI-0100-adjuvanted virosomes, particularly at low antigen doses, is possibly due to a physical association of the amphiphilic adjuvant with the virosomal membrane. These results show that a combination of GPI-0100 and a virosomal influenza vaccine formulation is highly immunogenic and allows the use of very low antigen doses without compromising the protective potential of the vaccine.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Molecular Virology Section, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O.Box 30.001, EB 88, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands, marcyliu719@gmail.com.
Heng
H
Liu
Jacqueline
J
de Vries-Idema
Wouter
W
Ter Veer
Jan
J
Wilschut
Anke
A
Huckriede
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D012503:Saponins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D022721:Vaccines, Virosome
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000956:Antigens, Viral; C484998:GPI0100; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D012503:Saponins; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D022721:Vaccines, Virosome