Sex-specific responses to sexual familiarity, and the role of olfaction in Drosophila.
Studies of mating preferences have largely neglected the potential effects of individuals encountering their previous mates ('directly sexually familiar'), or new mates that share similarities to previous mates, e.g. from the same family and/or environment ('phenotypically sexually familiar'). Here, we show that male and female Drosophila melanogaster respond to the direct and phenotypic sexual familiarity of potential mates in fundamentally different ways. We exposed a single focal male or female to two potential partners. In the first experiment, one potential partner was novel (not previously encountered) and one was directly familiar (their previous mate); in the second experiment, one potential partner was novel (unrelated, and from a different environment from the previous mate) and one was phenotypically familiar (from the same family and rearing environment as the previous mate). We found that males preferentially courted novel females over directly or phenotypically familiar females. By contrast, females displayed a weak preference for directly and phenotypically familiar males over novel males. Sex-specific responses to the familiarity of potential mates were significantly weaker or absent in Orco(1) mutants, which lack a co-receptor essential for olfaction, indicating a role for olfactory cues in mate choice over novelty. Collectively, our results show that direct and phenotypic sexual familiarity is detected through olfactory cues and play an important role in sex-specific sexual behaviour.
Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Zoology, Linköping University, , 58183 Linköping, Sweden, Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK.
Cedric K W
CK
Tan
Hanne
H
Løvlie
Elisabeth
E
Greenway
Stephen F
SF
Goodwin
Tommaso
T
Pizzari
Stuart
S
Wigby
D000818:Animals; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D003463:Cues; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D052586:Mating Preference, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*
Coolidge effect; Drosophila melanogaster; Orco; genetic relatedness; individual recognition