Understanding type 1 diabetes: etiology and models.
Type 1 diabetes is a complex disease involving a combination of factors, such as genetic susceptibility, immunologic dysregulation and exposure to environmental triggers. Animal models serve an important function both in elucidating the pathophysiology and preliminary screening of antidiabetic molecules. Hence, the development of models for type 1 diabetes can be broadly divided into 3 categories, namely: identification of spontaneously developing type 1 diabetes mellitus strains, creating diabetes-prone species through gene transfer techniques and forced destruction of islet cells through chemical or surgical means. This review discusses the models used to study type 1 diabetes with special emphasis on genetics.
NSHM College of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Satarupa
S
Acharjee
NSHM College of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Bijaya
B
Ghosh
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Bandar E
BE
Al-Dhubiab
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: anair@kfu.edu.sa.
Anroop B
AB
Nair
D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D035843:Biomedical Research; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans
NOD mice; diabète sucré de type 1; histocompatibility; histocompatibilité; methods; model; modèle; méthodes; primate; rodent; rongeur; souris NOD; transgenic; transgénique; type1 diabetes mellitus; virus