Determination of strain field on the superior surface of excised larynx vocal folds using DIC.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of the present study was to quantify the mechanical strain and stress in excised porcine larynges during self-oscillation using digital image correlation (DIC) method. The use of DIC in the excised larynx setup may yield accurate measurements of the vocal fold displacement field.


METHODS
Ex vivo animal larynx.


METHODS
Measurements were performed using excised porcine larynges on a humidified flow bench, equipped with two high-speed cameras and a commercially available DIC software. Surface deformations were calculated from digital images recorded at 3000 frames per second during continuous self-oscillation for four excised porcine larynges. Larynx preparation consisted of removing the supraglottal wall and the false folds. DIC yielded the deformation field on the superior visible surface of the vocal folds. Measurement data for adducted and freely suspended vocal folds were also used to estimate the distribution of the initial prephonatory strain field. An isotropic constitutive law, the polymer eight-chain model, was used to estimate the surface distributions of planar stresses from the strain data.


RESULTS
The Lagrangian normal strain values were between ∼16% and ∼29% along the anterior-posterior direction. The motion of material points on the vocal fold surface described an elliptical trajectory during oscillation. A phase difference was observed between the anterior-posterior and the medial-lateral component of the displacement. The strain data and eight-chain model yielded a maximum stress of ∼4 kPa along the medial-lateral direction on the superior surface.


CONCLUSIONS
DIC allowed the strain field over the superior surface of an excised porcine larynx to be quantified during self-oscillation. The approach allowed the determination of the trajectory of specific points on the vocal fold surface. The results for the excised larynx were found to be significantly different than previous results obtained using synthetic replicas. The present study provides suggestions for future studies in human subjects.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Hani
H
Bakhshaee
Jonathan
J
Young
Justin C W
JC
Yang
Luc
L
Mongeau
Amir K
AK
Miri
D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013552:Swine; D014732:Vibration; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000502:physiology*
Digital image correlation (DIC); Excised porcine larynx; Impact stress; Prephonatory strain; Three-dimensional deformation; Vocal folds