title: National surveillance data on the epidemiology of cholera in Togo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Togo is a cholera-endemic country bordered by other countries where this disease is endemic. We describe the epidemiology of cholera in Togo, using national surveillance data.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed national surveillance data housed in the National Ministry of Health. Districts submitted reports of summary weekly case counts and deaths at the national level. Data were available at the district level during 2008-2010 and at the national level from 1996 onward. Microbiological confirmation usually was not performed, and case identification was based on clinical suspicion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 1996 through 2010, Togo had 12 676 reported cholera cases and 554 deaths. Annual national cholera incidence varied from 0.9 to 66 cases per 100 000 population, with little variation except for 2 large epidemics during 1998 and 2001. The case-fatality ratio declined from 12%-17% during 1996-1997 to <1% during 2008-2010. During 2008-2010, 85% of 26 district-level outbreaks occurred in the capital Lomé or the coastal Maritime Region. The average outbreak duration was 6 weeks, and only 2 lasted >15 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While cholera control remains elusive in Togo, reductions in case-fatality ratios have occurred, possibly due to improvements in case management. The short duration of outbreaks may preclude reactive vaccination; however, the restricted geographic location may make preventive immunization attractive.
authors.forename: Dadja Essoya
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Landoh
authors.affiliation: Division de l'Epidemiologie.
authors.forename: Landoh Dadja
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Essoya
authors.forename: Bradford D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Gessner
authors.forename: Kossi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Badziklou
authors.forename: Badziklou
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kossi
authors.forename: Tsidi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamekloe
authors.forename: Tamekloe
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsidi
authors.forename: Danladi Ibrahim
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Nassoury
authors.forename: Nassoury Dalandi
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Anoumou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dagnra
authors.forename: Dagnra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Anoumou
authors.forename: Akouda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patassi
authors.forename: Patassi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Akouda
authors.forename: Ouyi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tante
authors.forename: Bawoumodom
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bidjada
authors.forename: Segla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tigossou
authors.forename: Kere Abiba
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Banla
authors.forename: Banla Kere
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Abiba
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011159:Population Surveillance; D014037:Togo / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Africa; Togo; Vibrio cholerae; cholera; epidemiology; surveillance