title: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 as a potential tumor marker in breast cancer.
abstract: This study aimed to detect the comparative expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and its correlation with known pathological parameters such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in 81 malignant breast tumors and adjacent normal breast tissues and in blood sera of these patients from different clinical TNM stages (ductal carcinoma in situ to T4) of breast cancer. MMP-9 was highly expressed in node-positive tumors and the preoperative blood serum of patients, but MMP-9 activity was appreciably inhibited in blood serum samples collected after surgery. The mature form of MMP-9 (84 kD) was expressed only in clinical stage III tumors (T2-4). Appreciable reduction of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor, and translocation of nuclear factor-κΒ suggested their possible role in MMP-9 activation in HER2-positive breast cancer Overexpression and activation of MMP-9 predicted a higher stage of hormone-sensitive ductal breast carcinoma. Downregulation of the endogenous inhibitor of MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, and translocation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κΒ in tumors may have an appreciable role in the overexpression of MMP-9. However, MMP-9 activation was not correlated with expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors. Evaluation of MMP-9 expression may provide valuable information about breast cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Durga Prasad
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: Hrishikesh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sil
authors.forename: Shuvojit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moulik
authors.forename: Jaydip
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.forename: Shyam Sundar
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.forename: Amitava
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; C512478:EGFR protein, human; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human