title: Emerging association between androgen deprivation therapy and male meningioma: significant expression of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor in male meningioma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is emerging data suggesting a potential risk for meningioma growth stimulation in patients on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogs for prostate cancer. We examined the expression of LHRH receptor (LHRH-R), progesterone receptor (PR) and Ki67 labeling index (LI) in specimens from male meningioma (MM) and female meningioma (FM) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 MM and 24 FM paraffin blocks were retrieved from our institution between 1991 and 2008. Sections from the paraffin blocks were stained with mouse monoclonal antibodies against LHRH-R, PR and Ki67. All male patients had no previous history of prostate cancer (PCa) or previous history of hormone therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LHRH-R positivity was extensive in 92% of MM and 88% of FM samples, with both showing strong intensity (67% and 79%, respectively). PR was positive in 20 of 24 (83%) MM and 23 of 24 (96%) FM samples. MM is less likely to exhibit Ki67 LI >4% compared with FM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of MM and FM samples were strongly positive for LHRH-R expression and PR expression. The emerging association of androgen deprivation therapy and meningioma growth should be recognized in urological practice. Caution should be taken when considering LHRH agonist administration for patients with PCa and concurrent meningioma or previous history of meningioma.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA [2] Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia - Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Coulson
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Klaassen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramalingam
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Moses
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Terris
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008579:Meningioma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011966:Receptors, LHRH / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D011966:Receptors, LHRH; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone