title: Associations of novel adipocytokines with bone biomarkers in intra uterine growth-restricted fetuses/neonates at term.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively investigate the potential associations of the novel adipocytokines resistin, apelin and visfatin (recently implicated in bone metabolism) with bone biomarkers in fetal and neonatal blood from intra uterine growth restricted (IUGR, associated with low bone mass at birth) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) pregnancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Circulating concentrations of resistin, apelin and visfatin were correlated with concentrations of markers of bone formation [osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP)] and resorption [osteoprotegerin (OPG), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (sRANKL) and cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx)] in 20 IUGR and 20 AGA full-term fetuses and neonates on postnatal day 1-(N1) and 4-(N4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the AGA group, fetal resistin and N1 visfatin concentrations negatively correlated with respective NTx ones (r ≥ -0.472, p ≤ 0.036 in both cases). In the IUGR group, fetal and N4 resistin concentrations negatively correlated with sRANKL concentrations (r ≥ -0.583, p ≤ 0.007 in both cases). Furthermore, fetal apelin and visfatin concentrations positively correlated with fetal BALP ones (r ≥ 0.471, p ≤ 0.042, in both cases).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All three adipocytokines may exert a positive effect on fetal/neonatal bone metabolism, either by inhibiting bone resorption or promoting bone formation in both normal and IUGR pregnancies. Although the mechanisms behind these correlations are unclear, a modulation of perinatal bone metabolism by these adipocytokines may be suggested.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Division, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Athens University Medical School , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: Despina D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Briana
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boutsikou
authors.forename: Theodora
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Boutsikou
authors.forename: Ariadne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malamitsi-Puchner
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000073861:Apelin; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000097:blood; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000097:blood; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C115436:APLN protein, human; D054392:Adipokines; D000073861:Apelin; D015415:Biomarkers; D024042:Collagen Type I; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D010455:Peptides; D053245:RANK Ligand; D052243:Resistin; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Apelin; bone turnover; perinatal period; resistin; visfatin