title: Osteodistraction of mandibles with a small bone defect at the planned osteotomy site: a histological pilot study in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a treatment plan for cases in which a bone defect is located on the osteotomy line of mandibular osteodistraction (DO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Bilateral DO was performed in 17 Mongrel dogs. Prior to surgery, the 34 hemi-mandibles were randomly allocated to three groups: C (n = 10; a standard DO was performed), D - G (n = 12; a bone defect was created on the DO osteotomy line), and D + G (n = 12; the bone defect on the osteotomy line was grafted). After one week of latency, 8 days of distraction, and 4 weeks of consolidation the animals were sacrificed, and the newly formed bone were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group C, two zones of immature trabecular bone originating from host bone margins were separated by a central fibrous zone. In group D + G uniform new bone formation of the entire distraction gap was observed. In group D - G the distraction gap was mainly filled with fibrous tissue. The values for the newly formed bone volume and trabecular thickness were not significantly different between groups D + G and C, but were higher than values in group D - G (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When a mandibular defect is located at the site of distraction osteotomy, DO can be performed simultaneous with bone grafting of the defect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Mohammad Zandi, DDS, MSc.), Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran. Electronic address: zandi88m@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology (Head: Alireza Monsef, MD, APCP), Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dehghan
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon in Private Practice, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saleh
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon in Private Practice, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Rohallah
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Seyed Hoseini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002356:Cartilage / Q000473:pathology; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011897:Random Allocation
keywords: Bone defect; Distraction; Mandible; Osteogenesis