title: Gene expression profile of cytokines and chemokines in skin lesions from Brazilian Indians with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis.
abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by dermotropic Leishmania species belonging to the Viannia subgenera, with Leishmania (V.) braziliensis considered the main agent in Brazil. After infection, a local inflammatory process is initiated, inducing the expression of several cytokine/chemokine genes. We evaluated the immunity to CL of patients living in the indigenous community Xakriabá, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, by performing detailed analyses of the mRNA expression of different cytokines and chemokines in CL lesions, considering the time evolution (recent or late). We also studied the profile of the inflammatory infiltrate by histopathological analysis. The histopathological features of recent CL lesions showed an intense inflammatory reaction, characterized by the presence of both mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells, whereas late CL lesions exhibited a predominance of mononuclear leukocytes. The gene expression of cytokines/chemokines in skin biopsies from the CL group showed higher transcript levels of modulatory (IL10 and TGFB1), anti-inflammatory (IL4), and pro-inflammatory (TNF, IFNG, IL12B, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CXCL10) biomarkers in recent lesions than in late lesions. Our findings suggest that differential gene expression of cytokines and chemokines found in skin lesions from CL patients is associated with time evolution of lesions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus Fernandes
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Costa-Silva
authors.forename: Luciana Inácia
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Olindo Assis
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Martins-Filho
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodrigues-Silva
authors.forename: Janaína de Moura
authors.initials: Jde M
authors.lastname: Freire
authors.forename: Patrícia Flávia
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Quaresma
authors.forename: Marcelo Antônio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pascoal-Xavier
authors.forename: Tiago Antônio de Oliveira
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.forename: Rogéria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Serakides
authors.forename: Danielle Alves Gomes
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Zauli
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Campi-Azevedo
authors.forename: Maria Norma
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.forename: Célia Maria Ferreira
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gontijo
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Peruhype-Magalhães
authors.forename: Andréa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teixeira-Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007891:Leishmania; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D044382:Population Groups; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012867:Skin / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Chemokines; Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Cytokines; Gene expression; Localized immune response