title: Modulation of adipogenesis, lipolysis and glucose consumption in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes by hydroxytyrosol acetate: a comparative study.
abstract: Hydroxytyrosol acetate (Hd-Ac) is a polyphenol that is present in the olive fruit and oil at a concentration similar to that of hydroxytyrosol (Hd). The effects of Hd-Ac on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and glucose consumption in 3T3-L1 cells were investigated. Treatment with Hd-Ac at concentrations of 0-75 μmol/L inhibited 3T3-L1 differentiation and lipid accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. At the same concentration range, no effect on cell viability was observed in the MTT assay. Inhibition of adipogenesis was associated with the downregulation of PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP-1c, and their downstream target genes (GLUT4, CD36, and FAS) as revealed by qRT-PCR. On the other hand, Hd-Ac dose dependently activated glycerol release in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, indicating lipolysis. This stimulation of lipolysis was mediated via the activation of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) by phosphorylation at Ser563 and Ser660, and the phosphorylation of perilipin. Further investigation of the in vitro activities of this polyphenol showed that Hd-Ac has the capability to increase glucose consumption in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Riadh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drira
authors.forename: Kazuichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000235:genetics; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018955:CD36 Antigens; C491899:Fas protein, mouse; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007093:Imidazoles; C499429:N-dodecyl-2-mercaptoimidazole; D059808:Polyphenols; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019014:fas Receptor; D005947:Glucose
keywords: C/EBPα; HSL; Hydroxytyrosol acetate; PPARγ; Perilipin; SREBP-1c