title: Enhanced surveillance for toxoplasmosis in England and Wales, 2008-2012.
abstract: A report on Toxoplasma gondii by the UK Advisory Committee on the Microbiological Safety of Food recommended that more accurate figures on the burden of disease in the UK are needed. We present the first 5 years of data from an enhanced surveillance scheme for toxoplasmosis in England and Wales. Between 2008 and 2012, 1824 cases were reported, with an average of 365 each year. There were 1109 immunocompetent cases, the majority presenting with lymphadenopathy, and 364 immunosuppressed cases, with central nervous system and systemic symptoms most frequently reported. There were also 190 pregnant and 33 congenital cases. Of the pregnant cases, 148 were asymptomatic (probably detected during screening), while 28 suffered a fetal loss or stillbirth. The enhanced surveillance system has led to an improvement in the detection of toxoplasmosis in England and Wales. However, numbers are still likely to be an underestimate, biasing towards the more severe infections.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department,Public Health England,London,UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Halsby
authors.affiliation: Toxoplasma Reference Unit,Public Health Wales,Swansea,UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guy
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department,Public Health England,London,UK.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Said
authors.affiliation: Toxoplasma Reference Unit,Public Health Wales,Swansea,UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department,Public Health England,London,UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department,Public Health England,London,UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kirkbride
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department,Public Health England,London,UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000031:Abortion, Septic / Q000453:epidemiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D015995:Prevalence; D050497:Stillbirth / Q000453:epidemiology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014852:Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult