title: Characteristics of patients admitted to the intensive care unit following self-poisoning and their impact on resource utilisation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Self-poisoning accounts for up to 10 % of hospital admissions, some of whom require admission to ICU. Few studies have looked at the epidemiology of these patients in an Irish setting.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the proportion of ICU admissions attributable to self-poisoning, to examine the characteristics and outcome of these patients, and to assess their ICU resource utilisation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of ICU admissions from 2006 to 2010. Data were collected on patient age, sex, admission diagnosis, substances involved, APACHE II score, length of stay, organ support, and outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 80 admissions to ICU following self-poisoning accounting for 3.8 % of ICU admissions and 13 % of all hospital admissions for self-poisoning. M:F ratio was 0.9:1. Mean age 35 (range 16-75), APACHE II score 14 (2-36). Commonest substances involved were benzodiazepines, opioids, tricycle antidepressants. Median ICU stay was 2 days (IQR 0.96-4.5). 84 % of patients were ventilated, 27.5 % required inotropic support, 14 % renal replacement therapy. When opioids were involved requirement for inotropes and CRRT were higher. ICU mortality was 6.3 %. These patients consumed 280 bed days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-poisoning accounted for 3.8 % of ICU admissions. Patients tend to require a short period of ventilation, with a minority requiring additional organ support. The cost of ICU care is calculated based on previously published methodology to be <euro>7,717 per patient. Extrapolated nationally the annual cost for ICU care for self-poisoning is estimated to be in the order of <euro>5 m.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin, Incorporating the National Childrens Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brohan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002423:Cause of Death; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003422:Critical Care / Q000191:economics; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006295:Health Resources / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011041:Poisoning / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*