title: A short history of hemogenic endothelium.
abstract: Definitive hematopoietic cells are generated de novo during ontogeny from a specialized subset of endothelium, the so-called hemogenic endothelium. In this review we give a brief overview of the identification of hemogenic endothelium, explore its links with the HSC lineage, and summarize recent insights into the nature of hemogenic endothelium and the microenvironmental and intrinsic regulators contributing to its transition into blood. Ultimately, a better understanding of the processes controlling the transition of endothelium into blood will advance the generation and expansion of hematopoietic stem cells for therapeutic purposes.
authors.affiliation: MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Swiers
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rode
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Azzoni
authors.forename: Marella F T R
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: de Bruijn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019070:Cell Lineage; D054338:Cell Transdifferentiation; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D004727:Endothelium / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology*; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000502:physiology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: AGM; E; EHT; Endothelial to hematopoietic transition; HSC; HSPC; Hematopoiesis; Hematopoietic stem cell; Hemogenic endothelium; Microenvironment; PAS; aorta-gonad mesonephros; embryonic day; endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition; hematopoietic stem and/or progenitor cells; hematopoietic stem cell; para-aortic splanchnopleura