title: "Boot camp" simulator training in open hilar dissection in early cardiothoracic surgical residency.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated focused training in lung hilar dissection with a reanimated porcine lung model in the boot camp setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 64 first-year cardiothoracic surgical residents participated in four consecutive hours devoted to training in open hilar dissection as part of the Thoracic Surgical Directors Association boot camps. Each resident participated in two open hilar dissections. Component tasks were assessed on a 5-point rating scale for the first and second dissections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediate assessment performed after completion of the session showed improvements in all graded components. The mean total score on a 50-point scale improved significantly between the first and second repetition (36.03 ± 7.03 to 41.16 ± 6.95; p = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Focused massed (single-session) practice in the boot camp setting improved the ability of residents to perform hilar dissection on simulators using reanimated porcine lung models. Given these early successes in massed simulation-based surgical education, there is good reason to expect that deliberate and distributed practice on similar simulators would improve resident education in cardiothoracic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Rebekah C L
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Macfie
authors.affiliation: Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Aaron D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Webel
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Nesbitt
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: James I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Fann
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
authors.forename: George L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.affiliation: Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Electronic address: rfeins@med.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Feins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003479:Curriculum; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008168:Lung / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000193:education; D013552:Swine; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D019616:Thoracic Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education*
keywords: 2