title: Pituitary apoplexy induced by Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists for treating prostate cancer-report of first Asian case.
abstract: We present the first Asian case of a 77-year-old man who developed pituitary apoplexy (PA) soon after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) (leuprorelin) injection to treat prostate cancer. Headache, ophthalmoplegia, visual field deficit, nausea, and vomiting are the typical characteristics of pituitary apoplexy. Though the occurrence rate is rare, the consequence of this condition can vary from mild symptoms such as headache to life-threatening scenarios like conscious change. Magnetic resonance imaging is the best imaging modality to detect PA and sublabial trans-sphenoid pituitary tumor removal can resolve most of PA symptoms and is so far the best solution in consensus. We also review 11 previous reported cases receiving GnRHa for androgen deprivation therapy of prostate cancer, and hope to alert clinicians to use GnRHa with caution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tz-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. juanuro@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tsung-Yi
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jih-Pin
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ann-Shung
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lieu
authors.forename: Yi-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hung-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Mei-Yu
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Jung-Tsung
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Wen-Jeng
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shu-Pin
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yung-Shun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Juan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists*; D006801:Humans; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D010899:Pituitary Apoplexy / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D016729:Leuprolide