title: Diagnosis of male incontinence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A review of the diagnosis of male urinary incontinence, with particular reference to studies published within the last year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One of the most important studies from the last year is the drafting of a bladder diary, consistent with the International Consultation on Incontinence modular Questionnaire modules. Patients and clinicians have been consulted on content and format, and further phases are intended to test validity and reliability of the diary.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Initial assessment of men with incontinence involves a focussed history, examination and simple investigations. It is imperative to accurately define terminology of lower urinary tract symptoms. Questionnaires and bladder diaries are important adjuncts. Further urodynamic assessment may also aid diagnosis, particularly in situations where surgery is contemplated.
authors.affiliation: The Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Burden
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abrams
mesh_terms: D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D052801:Male Urogenital Diseases / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008499:Medical Records; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology