title: A 3D anthropometric analysis of the orolabial region in Chinese young adults.
abstract: The orolabial region undergoes considerable changes after orthognathic surgery or orthodontic treatment. Ethnicity, age, and sex-specific norms are needed during the planning of interventions in this region. In 2008 the Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg published anthropometric measurements of the lips of Chinese children, but to our knowledge such reference data for young Chinese adults are not currently available. We therefore used digital anthropometry on 3-dimensional craniofacial images acquired from 103 healthy young Chinese adults with Class I skeletal pattern. Anthropometric landmarks were identified, which provided linear and angular measurements. All orolabial measurements were significantly larger in men than women, with the exception of the labiomental angle. In contrast, there were no sex differences in the anthropometric proportions. We therefore provide what we think are the first cross-sectional norms available for young Chinese adults. These norms can be used to evaluate the morphology of the lips objectively for preoperative diagnosis, planning of treatment, and assessment of postoperative outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
authors.forename: Yasas S N
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jayaratne
authors.forename: Curtis K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Deutsch
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Zwahlen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002680:Chin / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008046:Lip / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010780:Photogrammetry / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anthropometry; Chinese; Lips; Mouth; Photogrammetry; Reference values; Three-dimensional imaging