title: Expression alterations of cytochromes P4501A1, 2E1, and 3A, and their receptors AhR and PXR caused by 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride in mouse mammary carcinoma cells.
abstract: Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) play a key role in the metabolism of a wide range of environmental xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. The expression and activity levels of CYPs can be elevated by a process of induction involving the activation of nuclear receptors. The effects of the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C(8)mim][Cl]) on the expression of cytochrome P450 members, including CYP1A1, CYP2E1, and CYP3A, as well as on aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) in mouse mammary carcinoma cells (EMT6) were investigated by using quantitative real-time PCR in the present study. The results reveal that [C(8)mim][Cl]-exposure up-regulates the expressions of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, and CYP3A at mRNA level, suggesting that imidazolium-based ionic liquids can activate CYPs. Our results also suggest that [C(8)mim][Cl]-mediated CYP3A induction be PXR-dependent. This result may be beneficial to evaluating the environmental toxicity of imidazolium-based ionic liquids and investigating the metabolism of imidazolium-derivative drugs.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China. Electronic address: lixiaoyu65@263.net.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Junguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Changqin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.forename: Jianji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001881:Borates / Q000633:toxicity*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: C528768:1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium; D001881:Borates; D007093:Imidazoles; D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D015262:Xenobiotics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A
keywords: AhR; Cytochrome P450; EMT6; Expression; Ionic liquids; PXR