title: Multidrug-resistant bacteria induce recurrent keratoconjunctivitis in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency: case report and literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We present a case study regarding a patient with recurrent keratoconjunctivitis that presented as an initial manifestation of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a case and review the recent relevant medical literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 33-year-old male had recurrent keratoconjunctivitis induced by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Topical vancomycin treatment was effective, but infection recurred when the vancomycin treatment was stopped. The patient was transferred to the Department of Medicine to rule out potential systemic immune diseases and was finally diagnosed with CVID. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was administered, and the patient was followed up monthly without any recurrence of infection to date. IVIG will be administered monthly for the patient's lifetime.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Keratoconjunctivitis is a CVID-associated manifestation, sometimes appearing as the first presentation. CVID should be considered when unexplained recurrent conjunctival and/or corneal bacterial infections are observed. Topical therapy is not sufficient to treat this infection and IVIG is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yumei
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhiqun
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xuguang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology*; D017074:Common Variable Immunodeficiency / Q000150:complications*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D007637:Keratoconjunctivitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification