title: Clinical and electroencephalographic profile of children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reports on pediatric electroencephalogram of Nepalese patients are rare.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to study the relationship between provisional clinical and electrophysiological diagnoses of pediatric patients with documentation of demographic profiles, and type and frequency of the disorders/diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electroencephalographic reports of 634 children from 2006 to 2009 were analyzed at neurophysiology laboratory, department of Basic and Clinical Physiology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal, retrospectively. Chi-Square test was applied after detail descriptive statistics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Male and female were 72.2 % (n=458/634) and 27.76 % (n=176/634) respectively. Most frequent EEG abnormality was seizure disorder (n=370, 59.39%), then febrile seizure (n= 94, 15.08%) and birth asphyxia with hypoxic-induced encephalopathy (n=68, 10.91%). Electroencephalogram showed significant epileptiform discharges in seizure disorder (p=0.001, OR= 2.26, 95 % CI= 1.61 to 3.18) and in cerebral palsy (p=0.049, OR=6.88, 95 % CI=0.89 to 145.95), specifically in 6 to 12 (p=0.001, OR=2.94, 95 % CI=1.43 to 6.06) and one to five (p=0.019) years, respectively. Electroencephalogram detected significantly less epileptiform discharges (p=0.001, OR=0.25, 95 % CI= 0.15 to 0.42) in febrile seizure specifically in 1 to 5 years (p=0.003, OR=0.16, 95 % CI= 0.04 to 0.63).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Predominant Electroencephalographic abnormality was seizure disorder, followed by febrile seizure and birth asphyxia with hypoxic-induced encephalopathy respectively. Electroencephalographic abnormality was highly associated with seizure disorder and cerebral palsy but was not associated with febrile seizure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic and Clinical Physiology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS) Dharan, Nepal.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Limbu
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Paudel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thakur
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors