title: Mandibular bone loss in ewe induced by hypothalamic-pituitary disconnection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is supposed that the demographic change will lead to an increase in patients with impaired alveolar bone conditions. Large animal models are of particular interest in this context as they are suitable for developing and testing new dental implants. Recently, we demonstrated that surgical hypothalamo-pituitary disconnection (HPD) causes a pronounced low-turnover situation leading to cortical and trabecular bone loss in sheep. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of the HPD procedure on the alveolar bone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten adult Merino ewes were randomly assigned to two groups: Control and HPD. After 6 months, we analysed the cortical and trabecular bone of all mandibles by histomorphometry and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPD ewes showed a significant decrease in cortical thickness by ~20%, a significant increase in cortical porosity by ~20% and a significant decrease in bone volume by ~30% in comparison with Control ewes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results underline the importance of central regulatory mechanisms of bone turnover. However, further studies are needed to understand these central regulatory elements of bone turnover in detail and to judge the value of the HPD sheep for dental research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oheim
authors.affiliation: Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.|Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: F Timo
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Beil
authors.affiliation: Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Center of Musculoskeletal Research, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Ronny
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bindl
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Center of Musculoskeletal Research, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ignatius
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pogoda
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007027:Hypothalamic Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000379:methods; D011897:Random Allocation; D012756:Sheep; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
keywords: Hypothalamic-pituitary disconnection; large animal model; mandibular bone loss; osteoporosis; sheep