title: Pharmacological studies on Buchanania lanzan Spreng.- a focus on wound healing with particular reference to anti-biofilm properties.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the wound healing activity of the methanolic root extract of Buchanania lanzan Spreng. (B. lanzan), with a focus on antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  The extract was evaluated for its wound healing properties (excision and incision models) as evident from the analysis of tensile strength and wound contraction. The extract was also screened for antibacterial properties against different Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains. B. lanzan was also studied for its effect on biofilm formation and disruption of preformed biofilms. The synergistic effect of B. lanzan was determined in combination with gentamicin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Topical application of B. lanzan (10% w/w ointment) significantly increased (40.84%) the tensile strength in the incision wound model. B. lanzan also showed significant wound healing activity in excision model and such significant activity was observed from the 9th day. Whereas Soframycin displayed significant wound healing activity from the 6th day. It was found that root extracts of B. lanzan revealed significant inhibition against all tested pathogens. B. lanzan displayed antimicrobial activity against Gram positive (MIC 0.625 mg/mL) and Gram negative (MIC 0.625-1.25 mg/mL). B. lanzan was able to reduce biofilm formation and also caused disruption of preformed biofilms in a manner similar to ciprofloxacin. However, gentamicin was found to be ineffective against biofilms formed by Gram negative organism. According to the fractional inhibitory concentration index, B. lanzan displayed synergistic activity when it was combined with gentamicin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From this study it may be concluded that the root extract of B. lanzan revealed significant wound healing potential, which was supported and well correlated with pronounced antibacterial activity of the tested plant parts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835215, Jharkhand, India; Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pattnaik
authors.forename: Ratul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Amrita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Kirendra Kumar
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.forename: Alekh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Paramita
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Avijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazumder
authors.forename: Sanmoy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karmakar
authors.forename: Tuhinadri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sen
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Antibacterial; Antibiofilm; Buchanania lanzan; Excision; Incision; Root and leaf extracts; Wound healing