title: The relationship between multiple clinicopathological features and nerve invasion in pancreatic cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nerve invasion is a specific type of tumor expansion and characteristic manifestation of pancreatic cancer (PC), with an incidence rate ranging from 50% to 100%. It is an important prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer, and its early detection is helpful in the management of the disease. This study was undertaken to analyze retrospectively the relationship between neural invasion and multiple clinicopathological features and to provide evidences for clinicians in the management of neural invasion in patients with PC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Formalin-fixed paraffin-embeded specimens of PC taken from 215 patients were examined for the presence of neural invasion under a light microscope. Analyzed was the relationship between neural invasion and multiple clinicopathological feature including preoperative fasting blood glucose level, amylase level, serum CA19-9 level, abdominal pain, lumbar and back pain, and the expressions of p53 and Ki67 in tumor tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative fasting blood glucose level, serum CA19-9 level and p53 positive cells in cancer tissue were increased with the rise of pathological grade (P<0.05). These indices were significantly higher in patients with neural invasion than in those without (P<0.05). Further analysis revealed a positive correlation between p53 and Ki67 overexpression and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05). Referred pain was positively correlated with neural invasion (P<0.05). Patients with PC perineural invasion were more likely to have a higher pathological grade (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicated that the preoperative fasting blood glucose level, serum CA19-9 level, and referred pain are novel predictive markers for neural invasion in patients with PC. p53 and Ki67 play important roles in neural invasion of PC. Management of hyperglycemia may serve as an auxiliary treatment to curb neural invasion in PC.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China. shiliubin@medmail.com.cn.
authors.forename: Pao-Hsun
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Liu-Bin
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Qun-Hua
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zong-You
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53