title: KOTOBUKI-1 apparatus for cryogenic coherent X-ray diffraction imaging.
abstract: We have developed an experimental apparatus named KOTOBUKI-1 for use in coherent X-ray diffraction imaging experiments of frozen-hydrated non-crystalline particles at cryogenic temperature. For cryogenic specimen stage with small positional fluctuation for a long exposure time of more than several minutes, we here use a cryogenic pot cooled by the evaporation cooling effect for liquid nitrogen. In addition, a loading device is developed to bring specimens stored in liquid nitrogen to the specimen stage in vacuum. The apparatus allows diffraction data collection for frozen-hydrated specimens at 66 K with a positional fluctuation of less than 0.4 μm and provides an experimental environment to easily exchange specimens from liquid nitrogen storage to the specimen stage. The apparatus was developed and utilized in diffraction data collection of non-crystalline particles with dimensions of μm from material and biological sciences, such as metal colloid particles and chloroplast, at BL29XU of SPring-8. Recently, it has been applied for single-shot diffraction data collection of non-crystalline particles with dimensions of sub-μm using X-ray free electron laser at BL3 of SACLA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakasako
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Tomotaka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oroguchi
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.forename: Amane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Keiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirahama
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hikima
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yonekura
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maki-Yonekura
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kohmura
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inubushi
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Sachihiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Yayoi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inui
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tono
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kameshima
authors.forename: Yasumasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Joti
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoshi
mesh_terms: D005615:Freezing; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*