title: Effect of feeding graded doses of citrinin on apoptosis and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats through the F1 generation.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to study the effect of graded doses of citrinin (CIT) on apoptosis and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats till F1 generation. The animals were divided into four groups comprising 25 males and 25 females each, that is, group I: 1 ppm CIT; group II: 3 ppm CIT; group III: 5 ppm CIT; and group IV was kept as a control. The male and female animals of all the groups were kept separately and were fed basal rations containing the above-mentioned concentrations of CIT for 10 weeks. After 10 weeks, male and female animals of respective groups were kept for mating (one male/two females). After getting 10 pregnant females, the males were killed. These 10 pregnant females were allowed to give birth to young ones (F1 generation) naturally which were fed CIT in the above-mentioned doses till the age of 6 weeks and then were killed. Apoptosis was analysed in kidneys, liver and testes by DNA ladder pattern, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labelling assay and Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Besides, tissue oxidative stress was also analysed. It was concluded in the present study that CIT induces its toxic effects till F1 generation, and apoptosis and oxidative stress both play a very important role in toxicity. The effect of CIT was observed in a dose-dependent manner. However, in kidneys, both the mechanisms (apoptosis and oxidative stress) play their role in inflicting renal damage, while in liver only reactive oxygen species play a major role. Finally, the CIT toxicity did not lead to apoptosis and oxidative stress in male gonads till F1 generation.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India drndsingh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nittin Dev
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Anil Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Prabhaker
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Geeta Devi
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Leishangthem
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, India.
authors.forename: Shafiqur
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.
authors.forename: Jamuna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: High Security Animal Disease Laboratory, Bhopal, India.
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002953:Citrinin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013737:Testis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002953:Citrinin
keywords: Citrinin; apoptosis; oxidative stress