title: Occurrence and distribution of endosulfan in water, sediment, and fish tissue: an ecological assessment of protected lands in south Florida.
abstract: Over the past 30 years, endosulfan, one of the last polychlorinated pesticides still in use, has received considerable attention and has been the subject of a number of international regulations and restriction action plans worldwide. This study aimed to monitor the presence and to assess the potential transport of endosulfan within the protected areas of Everglades National Park, Biscayne National Park, and Big Cypress National Preserve, South Florida, USA. Endosulfan sulfate was the major metabolite detected in all matrices in areas along the C-111 and C-111E canals, which drain the Homestead agricultural area and discharge to either Florida or Biscayne Bays, both of which are critical wildlife habitats. Endosulfan concentrations of up to 158 ng L(-1) and 57 ng g(-1) were observed in surface water and sediments, respectively, which exceeded the U.S. EPA's chronic water quality criteria (56 ng L(-1)). Elevated levels of up to 371 ng g(-1) of endosulfan sulfate were detected in whole fish tissue.
authors.affiliation: Southeast Environmental Research Center (SERC), Florida International University , 3000 N.E. 151 Street, Biscayne Bay Campus, North Miami, Florida 33181, United States.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Quinete
authors.forename: Joffre
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Ingrid M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Zamora-Ley
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rand
authors.forename: Piero R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Gardinali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism; D005431:Florida; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C544689:endosulfan sulfate; D004726:Endosulfan