title: Urinary outcomes are significantly affected by nerve sparing quality during radical prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of nerve sparing (NS) quality on self-reported patient urinary outcomes after radical prostatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 102 preoperatively potent men underwent laparoscopic or robotic radical prostatectomy; NS was prospectively graded at surgery using a 0-4 scale/neurovascular bundle. Urinary functional outcomes were measured by validated Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite questionnaire at baseline and follow-up time points (1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months) in 99 men who underwent various degrees of NS. Mixed linear regression was used to analyze the effect of NS quality and other clinical factors on urinary outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with at least 1 neurovascular bundle spared completely, along with its supportive tissues (NS grade 4/4), noted significantly improved Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite urinary functional and continence outcomes as early as 1 month postoperatively and up to 12 months. Significantly less urinary bother was also noted in these men by 9-12 months postoperatively. Multivariate analysis revealed that bilateral or unilateral excellent NS (at least 1 bundle graded 4/4), increasing time from surgery, young patient age, and lower body mass index positively and significantly affected urinary functional outcomes, including pad use. Men who received excellent unilateral NS recovered urinary function about as well as men who had both neurovascular bundles spared in similar fashion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quality of NS significantly influences patient-defined urinary functional convalescence. Completely sparing at least 1 neurovascular bundle along with its supportive tissues has a dramatic effect on the recovery of urinary continence and quality of life in preoperatively potent men.
authors.affiliation: James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Deborah R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Kaye
authors.forename: M Eric
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hyndman
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Segal
authors.forename: Lynda Z
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Mettee
authors.forename: Bruce J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Trock
authors.forename: Zhaoyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Li-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Trinity J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Bivalacqua
authors.forename: Christian P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Pavlovich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000294:innervation; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology