title: Lung cancer in pregnancy: report of nine cases from an international collaborative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lung cancer is an uncommon diagnosis during pregnancy. The combination of smoking in young women, increased maternal age during pregnancy, and increasing incidence of lung cancer worldwide may cause an increase of pregnancy associated lung cancer. The aim of this study was to describe all cases of lung cancer during pregnancy, registered in the international Cancer in Pregnancy registration study (CIP study; www.cancerinpregnancy.org).
  
  
  METHODS
  We present nine cases, all advanced lung cancer during the course of pregnancy. Collected data included demographic features of the study patients, cancer treatment, pregnancy outcome as well as maternal and fetal outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nine pregnant patients from 4 European centres with a median age of 33 years old (range, 26-42) were included. The median gestational age at diagnosis was 17 weeks (range, 6-28). All patients presented with metastatic disease including bone, lung, brain, spinal cord, pleura, lymph nodes, adrenal and liver. Histopathology was compatible with adenocarcinoma in 4 patients, non-small cell lung cancer with unidentified subtype in 2 patients and squamous-cell, large-cell and a poorly differentiated carcinoma in 3 patients, respectively. Eight patients were treated with systemic therapy, five of them during gestation. No responses were seen. The maternal postpartum outcome was poor with less than one year survival following delivery. One patient experienced a spontaneous abortion and three pregnancies were terminated. Five infants were all born premature due to poor maternal status by cesarean section, with a median gestational age of 30 weeks (range 26-33). To summarize, lung cancer in pregnancy has a dismal maternal outcome in our series. We add nine new cases and discuss both therapeutic and prognostic results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Ioannina University Hospital, Stavros Niarchos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boussios
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fruscio
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Halaska
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Ottevanger
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Peccatori
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Koubková
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pavlidis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amant
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis
keywords: Chemotherapy; Gestation; Lung cancer; Maternal and fetal outcome; Pregnancy