title: Conjugated polymeric zwitterions as efficient interlayers in organic solar cells.
abstract: Conjugated polymeric zwitterions, when utilized as interlayer materials in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells, lead to significantly enhanced power conversion efficiencies. The electrostatic model of self-aligning dipolar side groups in the vicinity of the metal surface rationalizes the effects of reduced cathode work function, a key factor behind the observed enhanced efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science & Engineering Conte Center for Polymer Research 120 Governors Drive, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zachariah A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: Volodimyr V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Duzhko
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emrick
mesh_terms: D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004566:Electrodes; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012993:Solar Energy; D013830:Thiadiazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D013830:Thiadiazoles; D013876:Thiophenes; C015700:benzo-1,2,3-thiadiazole
keywords: Organic solar cells; electrostatic self-alignment of dipoles; interfacial dipole; ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy; zwitterionic polymers