title: Socioeconomic, behavioral, and anthropometric risk factors for traumatic dental injuries in childhood: a cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate risk factors for the occurrence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) at 4 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A birth cohort (n = 500) was recruited from the public healthcare system in São Leopoldo, Brazil. Demographic, socioeconomic, anthropometric, and behavioral variables were collected at 6 months, 1 year, and 4 years of age. Clinical examinations at 4 years of age were carried out by a single examiner using the Andreasen classification. Poisson regression was used to determine risk factors for the occurrence of TDI at 4 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 23.7% of the children (80/337) exhibited TDI at 4 years of age. The risk of TDI was 35% lower among children who had been breastfeed for ≥6 months relative risk (RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.43-0.97) and more than twofold higher among those who were bottle fed ≥ three times a day (RR 2.37; 95% CI 1.10-5.11) at 12 months of age. Higher household income in the first year of life and greater height at 4 years of age were significantly associated with the outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identification of behavioral, socioeconomic, and anthropometric risk factors for TDI in early childhood can contribute to the elaboration of prevention strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Feldens
authors.forename: Paulo Floriani
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Eliane Gerson
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Feldens
authors.forename: Luana Moraes
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.forename: Márcia Regina
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Vítolo
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D001519:Behavior; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D018677:Tooth Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*