title: The effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on cerebral ischemia in rats: An experimental study.
abstract: Stroke is one of the major reasons of death in the United States and related to adult disability. Despite aggressive research, the treatment approaches of stroke still remains a major clinical problem. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a polyspecific Ig G preparation obtained from plasma of several thousand healthy people (donors). IVIg is an important treatment approach and used for several disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the potentially beneficial effects of IVIg therapy in experimentally induced ischemia in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) models of rats. A total of 30 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were used. The rats were divided into two equal groups, each consisting of 15 randomly selected rats: control group (n = 15) and IVIg group (n = 15). Intraluminal filament method was used for establishment of cerebral ischemia. Intraluminal filament was withdrawn after 2 h of MCAo and reperfusion started again and passed to therapeutic stages for all the groups. Physiologic saline solution of 0.5 ml/kg was administered to the control group and 400 mg/kg IVIg was given to the IVIg group rats intravenously. In neurological evaluation, the worst score was determined as 3 and the best score as 0. After routine process, the brain tissue was prepared histopathological investigation. The IVIg group showed significantly better recovery with respect to the control group by neurological examination. The observation of specimens obtained from IVIg groups showed that findings correlate with grade 1 and -2 histopathologically. Nevertheless, ischemic amendments were observed to comply with grade 3 in ischemic areas in control group. IVIg therapy can be used in the treatment of ischemic stroke patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selcuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tunik
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Ufuk
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Aluclu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akkoc
authors.affiliation: Clinics of Neurosurgery, Adana Numune Education and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aslan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guzel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ulas
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Alabalik
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, Turkey drmakkus@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akkus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000494:pharmacology; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents
keywords: IVIg; Ischemia; MCAo; histopathology