title: Ascaridia galli infection affects pullets differently when feed is contaminated with the Fusarium toxin deoxynivalenol (DON).
abstract: The Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common contaminant of cereal grains used as animal feed. DON is known for its cytotoxic and anti-proliferative properties and might adversely affect the health of poultry. The prevalence of the intestinal parasitizing roundworm Ascaridia galli is higher in outdoor housing systems and has been associated with maldigestion and malabsorption. It was hypothesized that ingested DON might not only affect the pullet itself but could also act on the nematode parasitizing in the ingesta. To examine these interactions between A. galli infection and DON contamination of feed 4 groups of 9 pullets in each were tested; non-infected groups were fed either an uncontaminated control (CON-) or a Fusarium toxin contaminated and mainly DON-containing diet (FUS-), and the corresponding A. galli inoculated groups were fed accordingly (CON+, FUS+). A. galli infection significantly reduced the jejunal villi height and increased the thickness of the tunica muscularis with the effect being more pronounced when the DON-containing diet was fed (Group FUS+). Only in this group significantly increased weights of jejunal and ileal tissues and of livers were noticed. Moreover, DON was detected in plasma of the pullets at higher frequencies when they were infected suggesting a facilitated absorption of DON. Group FUS+ was characterized by a significantly higher excretion of A. galli eggs and a concomitant lower proportion of pullets with detectable antibodies against a somatic antigen of A. galli while worm burden and worm characteristics were not affected by diet. Other effects of feeding the FUS diet to the infected pullets included an increased mass per length of male worms. In conclusion, infection of pullets with A. galli might increase the susceptibility towards DON as indicated by an increased DON absorption rate and a compromised antibody formation. The effects of DON on fecundity and worm morphology require further examination.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Braunschweig, Germany. Electronic address: sven.daenicke@fli.bund.de.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dänicke
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beineke
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rautenschlein
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Valenta
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kersten
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gauly
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects; D001197:Ascaridia / Q000502:physiology; D001198:Ascaridiasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D005670:Fusarium / Q000737:chemistry; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D014255:Trichothecenes; C007262:deoxynivalenol
keywords: Ascaridia galli; Deoxynivalenol; Pullets