title: Analysis of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of silicon in murine macrophages.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of silicon (Si) in the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammatory conditions, and cells were treated with 0, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μM Si in the form of sodium metasilicate. Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), a well-known antioxidative substance, was used as a positive control to assess the degree of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of Si. Sodium metasilicate at 100 μM suppressed LPS-induced nitric oxide generation from macrophages 36 h after treatment. In addition, 50 μM sodium metasilicate decreased interleukin-6 production, and the degree of suppression was comparable to that of 10 μM TBHQ treatment. LPS-induced messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase was significantly decreased by 1, 5, 10, and 50 μM sodium metasilicate. Cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression was also suppressed by 1, 5, 25, and 50 μM sodium metasilicate. Based on these data, Si has the ability to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines and mediators, possibly through the suppression of radical scavenger activity and down-regulation of gene expression of inflammatory mediators.
authors.affiliation: Division of Food Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, 340-702, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Jin
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: So-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Myung-Hwa
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Mi-Kyeong
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017640:Silicates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012825:Silicon / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017640:Silicates; C025349:sodium metasilicate; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D012825:Silicon