title: Characterization and comparison of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) resistance genotypes and population structure of Escherichia coli isolated from Franklin's gulls (Leucophaeus pipixcan) and humans in Chile.
abstract: We investigated the general level of antibiotic resistance with further analysis of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) prevalence, as well as the population structure of E. coli in fecal flora of humans and Franklin's gulls (Leucophaeus pipixcan) in central parts of Chile. We found a surprisingly high carriage rate of ESBL-producing E. coli among the gulls 112/372 (30.1%) as compared to the human population 6/49 (12.2%.) Several of the E. coli sequence types (STs) identified in birds have previously been reported as Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) human pathogens including the ability to produce ESBLs. This means that not only commensal flora is shared between birds and humans but also STs with pathogenic potential. Given the migratory behavior of Franklin's gulls, they and other migratory species, may be a part of ESBL dissemination in the environment and over great geographic distances. Apart from keeping the antibiotic use low, breaking the transmission chains between the environment and humans must be a priority to hinder the dissemination of resistance.
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stedt
authors.forename: Stina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bengtsson
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Porczak
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Granholm
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: González-Acuña
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bonnedahl
authors.forename: Mirva
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drobni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D046091:Charadriiformes / Q000382:microbiology*; D002677:Chile; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D003710:Demography; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D027081:DNA Gyrase