title: High risk human papillomavirus at entry to prenatal care and risk of preeclampsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the association between high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and preeclampsia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study of women with HR-HPV at entry to prenatal care compared with those with at least 2 normal pap smears. Preeclampsia was defined by clinical guidelines. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred fourteen women with HR-HPV matched with 628 women with normal pap smears. Exposed HR-HPV patients were younger, had lower body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure at entry to care, and more likely to be nulliparous and smokers. Exposed HR-HPV patients were more likely to develop preeclampsia (10.19% vs 4.94%; P = .004; adjusted odds ratio, 2.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-3.65). Women with HR-HPV were also more likely to deliver prematurely at less than 37 and less than 35 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HR-HPV is associated with an almost 2-fold increased risk of developing preeclampsia. This warrants a larger study, particularly when HPV infection can be prevented with vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
authors.forename: Mollie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McDonnold
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hester
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
authors.forename: Luis D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
authors.forename: Gary D V
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Hankins
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Saade
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
authors.forename: Maged M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Costantine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D010298:Parity; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D011295:Prenatal Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
keywords: human papilloma virus; preeclampsia