title: West Nile virus transmission in sentinel chickens and potential mosquito vectors, Senegal River Delta, 2008-2009.
abstract: West Nile virus (WNV) is an arthropod-borne Flavivirus usually transmitted to wild birds by Culex mosquitoes. Humans and horses are susceptible to WNV but are dead-end hosts. WNV is endemic in Senegal, particularly in the Senegal River Delta. To assess transmission patterns and potential vectors, entomological and sentinel serological was done in Ross Bethio along the River Senegal. Three sentinel henhouses (also used as chicken-baited traps) were set at 100 m, 800 m, and 1,300 m from the river, the latter close to a horse-baited trap. Blood samples were taken from sentinel chickens at 2-week intervals. Seroconversions were observed in sentinel chickens in November and December. Overall, the serological incidence rate was 4.6% with 95% confidence interval (0.9; 8.4) in the sentinel chickens monitored for this study. Based on abundance pattern, Culex neavei was the most likely mosquito vector involved in WNV transmission to sentinel chickens, and a potential bridge vector between birds and mammals.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire National d'Elevage et de Recherche Vétérinaire, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles, Dakar-Hann BP 2057, Senegal. agueyefall@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Assane Gueye
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Fall
authors.forename: Amadou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diaïté
authors.forename: Momar Talla
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Seck
authors.forename: Jérémy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bouyer
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lefrançois
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vachiéry
authors.forename: Rosalie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aprelon
authors.forename: Ousmane
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Faye
authors.forename: Lassana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Konaté
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lancelot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D009033:Culicidae / Q000821:virology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D000939:Epitopes; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D006736:Horses; D015994:Incidence; D007303:Insect Vectors; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D045483:Rivers; D012675:Senegal; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D012698:Serologic Tests; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes