title: Effects of alvocidib and carboplatin on ovarian cancer cells in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Failure of platinum chemotherapy is an unresolved issue in ovarian cancer. Targeted therapy has been added to the treatment options in solid cancers. Alvocidib is a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study evaluated the effects of alvocidib together with carboplatin on ovarian cancer cells (BG-1 and Skov-3) in vitro applying proliferation assays, cell cycle distribution analyses, apoptosis induction assays, and drug accumulation assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proliferation of both cell lines was inhibited by carboplatin and alvocidib. The interaction index revealed drug synergism at distinct drug concentrations. Cell cycle distribution was altered. Alvocidib induced apoptosis in Skov-3 cells, and necrosis in BG-1 cells. Rhodamine accumulation was increased by alvocidib or both compounds together.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide evidence for antiproliferative effects of alvocidib on human ovarian cancer cells in vitro associated with changes in cell cycle distribution, the induction of apoptosis, and modulation of intracellular drug accumulation. Alvocidib and carboplatin showed some cooperative activity.
authors.affiliation: Departament of Gynecology, Gynecological Endocrinology and Oncology, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Marburg 35043, Germany.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rinke
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Plaum
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reinartz
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010880:Piperidines; C077990:alvocidib; D016190:Carboplatin