title: A comparative study of lipid profile and oestradiol in pre- and post-menopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between the menopausal status and related hormonal variation of oestradiol with plasma lipid concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty premenopausal women and fifty postmenopausal women subjects were selected. Data was collected through clinical evaluation from questionnaires and laboratory investigations. Plasma oestradiol and lipid profile determinations were done by using competitive binding immunoassay methods and enzymatic methods respectively. Student's T test and Pearson's test of correlation were used for the statistical analysis. P-values of < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant increase in serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol levels in post-menopausal women. HDL-cholesterol level was significantly decreased in post-menopausal women. The calculated atherogenic index (Total Cholesterol/HDL ratio) was significantly increased in post-menopausal women as compared to that in premenopausal women. Oestradiol concentration was significantly lower (p<0.001) in post-menopausal women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oestrogen changes the vascular permeability by increasing nitrous oxide production. It maintains a healthy lipoprotein profile. It stabilizes the endothelial cells, enhances antioxidant effect and alters fibrinolysis protein. All these cardioprotective mechanisms are lost in menopause. Postmenopausal women develop an increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Menopause leads to changes in lipid profile by reducing HDL, and elevating Total Cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol, thus increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease. These changes are caused by reduced oestrogen concentrations which are seen in menopause.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Depatment of Physiology, Rangaraya Medical College , Kakinada-533003, Andhra Pradesh, India .
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reddy Kilim
authors.forename: Srinivasa Rao
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Chandala
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Coronary heart disease; Menopause; Oestrogen; Plasma lipids