title: Diagnostic value of protein Ki67 (MIB-1) in atypical pap smears of postmenopausal women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atrophic epithelium of cervix sampled from postmenopausal women may mimic high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Papanicolaou-stained (Pap) smears. Ki-67 (MIB-1) protein presents on proliferating cells, and percentage of cells with positive nuclei provides a reliable tool for rapid evaluation of the growth fraction. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of protein Ki67 staining in atypical pap smears of postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a case-control setting, pap smears of 75 women with an atypical pap smear (case group) and 75 with normal pap smears (controls) were obtained before and after estrogen treatment. Afterward, samples were exposed to the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 (MIB-1) and the immunohistochemically demonstrated Ki-67+ cells were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean ages of cases and controls were 60.4±4.5 and 59.9±4.3 years respectively (P=0.50). There was one (2.7%) positive Ki-67 specimen in the case group, without any positive Ki-67 specimen in the control group (P=0.50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measurement of proliferative activity index in Pap smears restrained with MIB1 is a simple, reliable, and cost-effective method for excluding negatives. This would imply that it might allow a substantial reduction of diagnostic estrogen courses and subsequent Pap smears in postmenopausal women with atypical findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran E-mail : Dr.naghavii@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fakhrjou
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dastranj-Tabrizi
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghojazadeh
authors.forename: Sona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghorashi
authors.forename: Atefeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Velayati
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piri
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vahedi
authors.forename: Manizhe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sayyah-Melli
authors.forename: Heydar-Ali
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Smaeili
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bonakdari
authors.forename: Monireh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Halimi
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naghavi-Behzad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D008393:Marriage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D017698:Postmenopause; D011379:Prognosis; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D055815:Young Adult; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen