title: Vitamin D: non-skeletal actions and rational use.
abstract: Recent years have witnessed a substantial increase in the number of seric determinations of vitamin D, in a worldwide basis. At Hospital das Clínicas of Faculdade de Medicina of Universidade de São Paulo that increase reached 700% over the last four years. Nevertheless there are many controversies on the literature about the role of vitamin D in conditions unrelated to the musculoskeletal system. In this study the metabolism, sources and actions of vitamin D on the body are reviewed. Observational studies, clinical trials, systematic reviews and metanalysis which focused on the relationship between the vitamin and conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and falls were searched on the literature, analyzed and discussed. Results are presented as quiz and answer, tables and a figure. The role of vitamin D on the above-mentioned conditions is discussed, and the controversial issues stressed.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Clínica Geral e Propedêutica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Electronic address: alichten@usp.br.
authors.forename: Arnaldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lichtenstein
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferreira-Júnior
authors.forename: Maria Mirtes
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Sales
authors.forename: Francisco Bueno de
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.forename: Luiz Augusto M
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Nairo M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Sumita
authors.forename: Alberto J S
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Duarte
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000502:physiology*; D013472:Sunlight; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D; D002762:Cholecalciferol
keywords: Cancer; Cardiovascular diseases; Câncer; Diabetes; Doenças cardiovasculares; Falls; Quedas; Review; Revisão; Vitamin D; Vitamina D