title: Acrylic resin injection method for blood vessel investigations.
abstract: The injection of acrylic resin into vessels is an excellent method for macroscopically and microscopically observing their three-dimensional features. Conventional methods can be enhanced by removal of the polymerization inhibitor (hydroquinone) without requiring distillation, a consistent viscosity of polymerized resin, and a constant injection pressure and speed. As microvascular corrosion cast specimens are influenced by viscosity, pressure, and speed changes, injection into different specimens yields varying results. We devised a method to reduce those problems. Sodium hydroxide was used to remove hydroquinone from commercial methylmethacrylate. The solid polymer and the liquid monomer were mixed using a 1 : 9 ratio (low-viscosity acrylic resin, 9.07 ± 0.52 mPa•s) or a 3:7 ratio (high-viscosity resin, 1036.33 ± 144.02 mPa•s). To polymerize the acrylic resin for injection, a polymerization promoter (1.0% benzoyl peroxide) was mixed with a polymerization initiator (0.5%, N, N-dimethylaniline). The acrylic resins were injected using a precise syringe pump, with a 5-mL/min injection speed and 11.17 ± 1.60 mPa injection pressure (low-viscosity resin) and a 1-mL/min injection speed and 58.50 ± 5.75 mPa injection pressure (high-viscosity resin). Using the aforementioned conditions, scanning electron microscopy indicated that sufficient resin could be injected into the capillaries of the microvascular corrosion cast specimens.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anatomy, Osaka Dental University.
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suwa
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Akimichi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Isumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: Yi-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yuan Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhi Yuan
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000715:Anatomy / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006873:Hydroquinones; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D020366:Methylmethacrylate; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D023421:Models, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D006873:Hydroquinones; D020366:Methylmethacrylate; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; C031927:hydroquinone