title: Effects of carboxy methyl cellulose and thymol + carvacrol on performance, digesta viscosity and some blood metabolites of broilers.
abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of thymol + carvacrol as plant essential oils on performance, digesta viscosity and some blood metabolites of broilers fed diets supplemented with carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and/or thymol+carvacrol. In a completely randomized design with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, two levels of CMC (0% and 2%) and three levels of thymol+carvacrol (0, 100 and 200 mg/kg) were used. Each of the six dietary treatments was fed to five replicate pens of 12 birds each from 0 to 42 days of age. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), intestinal digesta viscosity and pH, plasma lipids and some blood metabolites were recorded. The inclusion of 2% CMC decreased (p < 0.05) BWG by 2.2% and increased FCR by 2.3% at 42 days of age. Carboxy methyl cellulose significantly increased the digesta viscosity and decreased serum total cholesterol, but had no significant effect on triglyceride, pH, HDL, LDL and other blood metabolites measured in this experiment. Thymol+carvacrol had no effect on feed intake, but significantly increased (p < 0.05) BWG from 1 to 42 days of age and improved FCR (p < 0.05) by the addition of 100 and 200 mg/kg thymol+carvacrol respectively. Inclusion of thymol+carvacrol at levels of 100 and 200 mg/kg in the diets decreased digesta viscosity and serum total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and also increased AST at a 200 mg/kg thymol+carvacrol without any effect on creatine kinase (CK). Thymol+carvacrol significantly increased total protein (TP), albumin and globulin (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CMC at an inclusion level of 2% of diet increased digesta viscosity and reduced growth performance. However, thymol+carvacrol decreased digesta viscosity and consequently improved the performance of broilers fed the CMC-based diet. Therefore, thymol+carvacrol addition to viscose-based diets might be helpful to alleviate the negative effects of viscous compounds in poultry diets.
authors.affiliation: Excellence Centre for Animal Sciences and Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashemipour
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kermanshahi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Golian
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khaksar
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000097:blood* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D000081007:Cymenes; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005766:Gastrointestinal Contents / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013943:Thymol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D013943:Thymol; C073316:carvacrol; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
keywords: broiler; carboxy methyl cellulose; carvacrol; performance; thymol