title: Nutrition programs enhance exercise effects on body composition and resting blood pressure.
abstract: The purpose of our study was to examine the effects of exercise alone and exercise combined with specific nutrition programs on body composition and resting blood pressure rate. Adult participants (99 women, 22 men; aged 20-86 years) completed a combined strength and endurance exercise program (Exercise Only), or in conjunction with 1 of 2 nutrition plans (Exercise/Protein; Exercise/Protein/Diet). The Exercise-Only group performed 1 set of 9 resistance machines regimens interspersed with 3 bouts of recumbent cycling (5 minutes each). The Exercise/Protein group performed the same exercise program as Exercise-Only group, plus consumed 1.5 g of protein per kg of ideal body weight on a daily basis. The Exercise/Protein/Diet group followed an identical Exercise/Protein protocol along with a restricted daily caloric intake (1200-1500 cals/day for women; 1500-1800 cals/day for men). After 10 weeks of training, the Exercise/Protein group attained greater increases (P < 0.05) in lean weight and greater decreases (P < 0.05) in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) rate than the Exercise-Only group. The Exercise/Protein/Diet group experienced greater reductions (P < 0.05) in body weight, body mass index (BMI), percent fat, fat weight, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP) rate, and DBP rate than the Exercise-Only group, as well as greater reductions (P < 0.05) in body weight, BMI, percent fat, fat weight, and WC than the Exercise/Protein group. Our findings suggest that a higher protein nutrition plan may enhance the effects of exercise for increasing subject lean weight and decreasing DBP rate. The findings further indicate that a higher protein and lower calorie nutrition plan may enhance the effects of exercise for decreasing subject body weight, BMI, percent fat, fat weight, WC, SBP rate, and DBP rate, while attaining similar gains in lean body mass.
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural and Health Sciences, Quincy College, Quincy MA. wwestcott@quincycollege.edu.
authors.forename: Wayne L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Westcott
authors.forename: Caroline M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Apovian
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Puhala
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corina
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Larosa Loud
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Whitehead
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: DiNubile
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult