title: Laboratory-confirmed cholera and rotavirus among patients with acute diarrhea in four hospitals in Haiti, 2012-2013.
abstract: An outbreak of cholera began in Haiti in October of 2010. To understand the progression of epidemic cholera in Haiti, in April of 2012, we initiated laboratory-enhanced surveillance for diarrheal disease in four Haitian hospitals in three departments. At each site, we sampled up to 10 hospitalized patients each week with acute watery diarrhea. We tested 1,616 specimens collected from April 2, 2012 to March 28, 2013; 1,030 (63.7%) specimens yielded Vibrio cholerae, 13 (0.8%) specimens yielded Shigella, 6 (0.4%) specimens yielded Salmonella, and 63 (3.9%) specimens tested positive for rotavirus. Additionally, 13.5% of children < 5 years old tested positive for rotavirus. Of 1,030 V. cholerae isolates, 1,020 (99.0%) isolates were serotype Ogawa, 9 (0.9%) isolates were serotype Inaba, and 1 isolate was non-toxigenic V. cholerae O139. During 1 year of surveillance, toxigenic cholera continued to be the main cause of acute diarrhea in hospitalized patients, and rotavirus was an important cause of diarrhea-related hospitalizations in children.
authors.forename: Maria W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Steenland
authors.forename: Gerard A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: Mentor Ali Ber
authors.initials: MAB
authors.lastname: Lucien
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hast
authors.forename: Benjamin L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Nygren
authors.forename: Eyal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leshem
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Juin
authors.forename: Michele B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: Deborah F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Talkington
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vertefeuille
authors.forename: S Arunmozhi
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Balajee
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boncy
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002771:Cholera / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006205:Haiti / Q000453:epidemiology; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult