title: Characterization of drug resistance and virulotypes of Salmonella strains isolated from food and humans.
abstract: The virulence of bacteria can be evaluated through both phenotypic and molecular assays. We applied these techniques to 114 strains of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica collected from July 2010 to June 2012. Salmonella strains were of human origin (71/114) or isolated from food (43/114). The strain set included only the three predominant Salmonella serovars isolated in Italy from humans (S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. 4,[5],12:i:-). These strains were screened via polymerase chain reaction for 12 virulence factors (gipA, gtgB, sopE, sspH1, sspH2, sodC1, gtgE, spvC, pefA, mig5, rck, srgA), while antimicrobial sensitivity was evaluated through the Kirby-Bauer assay. Fifty-nine different virulence profiles were highlighted; the genes showing the highest homology were those related to the presence of prophages (gipA, gtgB, sopE, sspH1, sspH2, sodC1, gtgE), while the genes related to the presence of plasmids were less frequently detected (spvC, pefA, mig5, rck, srgA). The Salmonella serovars Typhimurium and 4,[5],12:i:- were closely related in terms of both virulotyping and antibiotic resistance. S. Enteritidis showed higher antibiotic sensitivity and a higher prevalence of genes related to plasmids.
authors.affiliation: 1 Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno , Dipartimento di Ispezione degli Alimenti, Portici, Italy .
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Capuano
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mancusi
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Capparelli
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Yolande T R
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Proroga
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001434:Bacteriophage Typing; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005506:Food Contamination; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D039002:Prophages; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000821:virology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000821:virology; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D037521:Virulence Factors