title: Cell-free preparations of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain La-5 and Bifidobacterium longum strain NCC2705 affect virulence gene expression in Campylobacter jejuni.
abstract: Campylobacter spp. are among the most commonly reported bacterial causes of acute diarrheal disease in humans worldwide. Potential virulence factors include motility, chemotaxis, colonization ability, adhesion to intestinal cells, invasion and epithelial translocation, intracellular survival, and formation of toxins. Probiotic Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains are known to have an inhibitory effect against the growth of various foodborne pathogens. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain La-5 and Bifidobacterium longum strain NCC2705 cell-free spent media (CFSM) on the expression of virulence genes (cadF, cdtB, flaA, and ciaB) of Campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 and a luxS mutant, using real-time PCR. Our results demonstrated that the CFSM of both probiotic strains were able to down-regulate the expression of ciaB (ratio of -2.80 and -5.51, respectively) and flaA (ratio of -7.00 and -5.13, respectively) in the wild-type Campylobacter strain. In the luxS mutant, where the activated methyl cycle is disrupted, only the ciaB gene (ratio -7.21) was repressed in the presence of La-5 CFSM. A supplementation of homocysteine to restore the disrupted cycle was able to partially reestablish the probiotic effect of both strains. luxS and the activated methyl cycle might play an active role in the modulation of virulence of C. jejuni by probiotic extracts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1 and Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mundi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Delcenserie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amiri-Jami
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moorhead
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000502:physiology*; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000502:physiology*; D009154:Mutation; D019936:Probiotics; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors