title: GAP-REACH: a checklist to assess comprehensive reporting of race, ethnicity, and culture in psychiatric publications.
abstract: Growing awareness of health and health care disparities highlights the importance of including information about race, ethnicity, and culture (REC) in health research. Reporting of REC factors in research publications, however, is notoriously imprecise and unsystematic. This article describes the development of a checklist to assess the comprehensiveness and the applicability of REC factor reporting in psychiatric research publications. The 16-item GAP-REACH checklist was developed through a rigorous process of expert consensus, empirical content analysis in a sample of publications (N = 1205), and interrater reliability (IRR) assessment (N = 30). The items assess each section in the conventional structure of a health research article. Data from the assessment may be considered on an item-by-item basis or as a total score ranging from 0% to 100%. The final checklist has excellent IRR (κ = 0.91). The GAP-REACH may be used by multiple research stakeholders to assess the scope of REC reporting in a research article.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY; †New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY; ‡Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA; §Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; ∥School of Social Work, Columbia University; ¶Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; #Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; **Departments of Psychiatry and Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY; ††Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ; ‡‡Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical Institute, and University of Basel, Switzerland; §§Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago; ∥∥Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC; ¶¶Department of Psychiatry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; ##American Psychiatric Association, Arlington, VA; Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, MD; ***Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis; †††Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles; and ‡‡‡Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School.
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mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000592:standards*; D057189:Checklist / Q000592:standards*; D032921:Consensus; D003469:Culture; D005006:Ethnicity; D006801:Humans; D018579:Patient Selection; D010506:Periodicals as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000592:standards*; D044469:Racial Groups; D015203:Reproducibility of Results