title: Endonasal endoscopic skull base multilayer reconstruction surgery with nasal pedicled mucosal flap to manage high flow CSF leakage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multilayer reconstruction of skull base using nasal pedicled mucosal flap has been widely accepted as a standard method for repairing high flow cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] leakage. In this study, we analyzed our outcome and summarized several valuable operation experiences from this technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 20 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal multilayer reconstruction using a nasal pedicled mucosal flap to repair high flow CSF leakage and were available for follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this series, all cases encountered intraoperative high-flow CSF leakage, including 11 (55%) patients with opening of third ventricles (TV) and 9 (45%) patients with wide opening of cistern (CS). After endoscopic endonasal multilayer reconstruction with nasal pedicled mucosal flap, 3 patients (15.0%) encountered CSF leakage in the early postoperative period but were successfully repaired; 2 patients (10.0%) encountered late postoperative CSF leakage. In the TV group, the ratio of CSF leakage was 18.2% (2/11); while the incidence of CSF leakage was 11.1% (1/9) in the CS group. One patient developed meningitis due to CSF leakage four month after surgery, then gave up treatment and died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multilayer reconstruction with nasal pedicled flap seems to be useful and reliable for the treatment of ventral skull base defects using endoscopic endonasal approach.
authors.affiliation: Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xuejian
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiaobiao
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: Gu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Junqi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D065634:Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D019291:Skull Base / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult