title: Energy recovery and emissions of PBDD/Fs and PBDEs from cocombustion of woodchip and wastewater sludge in an industrial boiler.
abstract: The emissions of polybrominated dibenzo-pdioxins,dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from trial combustion of 10 wt % dried industrial wastewater-treatment sludge (IWTS) and 90 wt % woodchip in an industrial boiler were investigated and compared to that from woodchip combustion. The PBDD/F toxic equivalent (TEQ) andPBDE emissions increased from 0.121 pg TEQ Nm−3 and 2260 pgNm−3, respectively, of the woodchip combustion to 0.211 pg TEQNm−3 and 4200 pg Nm−3, respectively, of the trial combustion.PBDD/F and PBDE congener profiles of inputs and outputs of the same type of combustion were similar; they also show similarity between woodchip and trial combustions, revealing that the destruction pathway was little affected by the introduction of the IWTS. The fates of PBDD/Fs and PBDEs show that the indigenous pollutants in the feed were effectively depleted (>93.5%). The dominant releasing route of PBDD/F and PBDE shifted from the stack flue gas of woodchip combustion to the ashes of trial combustion. This study demonstrates that co-combustion not only handles the fast growing sludge stream but also yields a saving of 26.3% in the fuel cost and treatment fees of sludge and ashes.
authors.forename: Shun-Shiang Chang
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Wen-Jhy Lee
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Lin-Chi Wang
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-Ping Chang-Chien
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Chang-Chien
authors.forename: Chang-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D004147:Dioxins / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012722:Sewage; D014866:Waste Products; D062065:Wastewater; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D004147:Dioxins; D005740:Gases; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D012722:Sewage; D014866:Waste Products; D062065:Wastewater