title: C-type lectin receptors mRNA expression in patients with otitis media with effusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role of C-type lectin receptor, a type of pattern recognition receptor, in otitis media with effusion (OME) is unclear. We assayed the levels of expression of C-type lectin receptor mRNA in children with OME and evaluated its relationship to the presence of bacteria, accompanying diseases, and characteristics of exudates.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 73 children with OME who had undergone ventilating tube insertion. The levels of expression of Dectin-1, MR1, MR2, DC-SIGN, Syk, Card-9, Bcl-10, Malt-1, Src, Dec-205, Galectin-1, Tim-3, Trem-1, and DAP-12 mRNA in middle ear effusion were determined by real-time PCR. The level of expression of each mRNA was correlated with the presence of bacteria, accompanying diseases, and exudates characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of expression of C-type lectin receptor mRNAs were not associated with bacterial presence or exudates characteristics (p>0.05 each). Levels of expression, however, were significantly higher in patients with sinusitis, adenoid vegetation or adenoiditis, and allergic rhinitis (p<0.05 each).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Levels of expression of C-type lectin receptor mRNA may be associated with the pathogenesis of OME, being significantly higher in patients with than without accompanying sinusitis, adenoid vegetation or adenoiditis, and allergic rhinitis.
authors.affiliation: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Ha
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong Choon
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: In Whan
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Young Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Geun
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Yeo
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation / Q000379:methods; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000099181:Dectin-1
chemical_list: D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000099181:Dectin-1
keywords: Adenoid; Allergic rhinitis; C-type lectin receptors; Otitis media with effusion; Sinusitis