title: Evaluation of breast self-examination (BSE) application in first and second degree relatives of patients with breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine beliefs concerning breast self-examination in first- and second-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer and evaluate their breast self-examination (BSE) application.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey study was conducted in an oncology polyclinic and general surgery clinic of a hospital in Ankara, the capital of Turkey with a sample of 140 women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was determined that 60.7% of the participants had conducted BSE and 48.1% had undergone a clinical breast examination. Perceived self- efficacy of the women who performed BSE were significantly higher compared with women who did not practice BSE (p<0.001) Furthermore, perceived barriers were lower among those who had performed BSE (p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that women who perceived higher self-efficacy (OR: 1.119, 95% CI: 1.056- 1.185, p<0.001) and had regular CBE (OR: 8.250, 95% CI: 3.140-21.884, p<0.001) and educational status (OR: 5.287, 95% CI: 1.480-18.880, p<0.01) were more likely to perform BSE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings from this study indicated that perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, and educational status could be predictors of BSE behavior among the first- and second-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer. Therefore, BSE training programs that emphasize self-efficacy and address perceived barriers are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Nursing, Gulhane Military Medicine Academiy Nursing School, Gulhane Military Medicine Academy, Ankara, Turkey E-mail : zehraaltunkurek@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bebis
authors.forename: Serife Zehra
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Altunkurek
authors.forename: Cengizhan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Acikel
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akar
authors.forename: Serife Zehra
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Altunkurek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D016504:Breast Self-Examination / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003469:Culture; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000523:psychology*; D011379:Prognosis; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014421:Turkey; D055815:Young Adult