title: Controllable self-assembly of sodium caseinate with a zwitterionic vitamin-derived bolaamphiphile.
abstract: The control of self-assembly of sodium caseinate (SC) including the formation of mixed layers, microspheres, or nanoparticles is highly relevant to the microstructure of food and the design of promising drug delivery systems. In this paper, we designed a structure-switchable zwitterionic bolaamphiphile, 1,12-diaminododecanediorotate (DDO), from orotic acid, which has special binding sites and can guide the self-assembly of SC. Complexation between SC and DDO was investigated using dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and fluorescence spectra measurements. Monomeric DDO was bound to the negatively charged sites on the SC micelle and made the structure of SC more compact with decreased electrostatic repulsion between the head groups. Vesicular DDO led to reassociation of vesicles with enlarged size via preferable hydrophobic interactions. Moreover, the aggregation between SC and DDO was found to be temperature-dependent and reversible. This research provides an effective way to control the reversible self-assembly of SC by the zwitterionic vitamin-derived bolaamphiphile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Quality and Safety and ‡Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Food & Biology Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310035, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Hui
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yu-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhong-Xiu
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry*; D005663:Furans / Q000737:chemistry*; D008823:Micelles; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011728:Pyridones / Q000737:chemistry*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013696:Temperature; D014815:Vitamins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D005663:Furans; D008823:Micelles; D011728:Pyridones; D014815:Vitamins; C543575:bolaamphiphile