title: Using acoustics to estimate inspiratory flow rate and drug removed from a dry powder inhaler.
abstract: Morbidity and mortality rates of chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are rising. There is a strong requirement for more effective management of these chronic diseases. Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are one kind of devices currently employed to deliver medication aimed at controlling asthma and COPD symptoms. Despite their proven effectiveness when used correctly, some patients are unable to reach the inspiratory flow rate required to remove medication from the breath actuated devices and as a result, the medication does not reach the airways. This study employs an acoustic recording device, attached to a common DPI to record the audio signals of simulated inhalations. A rotameter was used to measure the flow rate through the inhaler while a milligram weighing scale was used to measure the amount of drug removed from each simulated inhalation. It was found that a strong correlation existed (R(2)>0.96) when average power, median amplitude, root mean square and mean absolute deviation were used to predict peak inspiratory flow rate. At a flow of 30 L/Min (mean absolute deviation=0.0049), it was found that 77% of the total emitted dose was removed from the inhaler. Results indicate that acoustic measurements may be used in the prediction of inspiratory flow rate and quantity of medication removed from an inhaler.
authors.forename: Martin S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Jansen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seheult
authors.forename: Colm
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Geraghty
authors.forename: Shona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: D'Arcy
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Reilly
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D058995:Dry Powder Inhalers / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*