title: Perceptions of adolescent bullying: attributions of blame and responsibility in cases of cyber-bullying.
abstract: Cyber-bullying (where victims are targeted via online social networking or other electronic means) has gained increased attention in research and the broadcast media, but previous research has not investigated attribution of blame in such cyber-bullying events. This experiment hypothesized that participants would assign higher ratings of blame to bullying perpetrators when the bullying situations were depicted as having highly foreseeable outcomes (vs. unforeseeable outcomes), and as occurring in school (vs. online). In addition, a significant interaction was predicted between outcome foreseeability and bullying situation, with highly foreseeable in-school events being rated as the most predictable and attributable to the bully's actions. One-hundred sixty-three participants completed surveys containing demographic items, items regarding their past experiences of victimization, and one of four randomly-assigned vignettes detailing a bullying situation (which participants rated). While hypotheses regarding outcome foreseeability were supported, no cyber-bullying vs. in-school main effects (or corresponding interaction effects) were detected. Implications for future research and practice, as well as study limitations, are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Indiana University Kokomo, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: Christina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Downey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D058445:Bullying / Q000523:psychology*; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010465:Perception; D012574:Schools; D012938:Social Perception; D013334:Students; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Online intimidation; attribution; bullying; perceptions of blame