title: The spindle assembly checkpoint works like a rheostat rather than a toggle switch.
abstract: The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is essential in mammalian mitosis to ensure the equal segregation of sister chromatids. The SAC generates a mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) to prevent the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) from targeting key mitotic regulators for destruction until all of the chromosomes have attached to the mitotic apparatus. A single unattached kinetochore can delay anaphase for several hours, but how it is able to block the APC/C throughout the cell is not understood. Present concepts of the SAC posit that either it exhibits an all-or-nothing response or there is a minimum threshold sufficient to block the APC/C (ref. 7). Here, we have used gene targeting to measure SAC activity, and find that it does not have an all-or-nothing response. Instead, the strength of the SAC depends on the amount of MAD2 recruited to kinetochores and on the amount of MCC formed. Furthermore, we show that different drugs activate the SAC to different extents, which may be relevant to their efficacy in chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: The Gurdon Institute, and Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Collin
authors.forename: Oxana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nashchekina
authors.forename: Rachael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Jonathon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pines
mesh_terms: D064173:Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D059566:M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D008941:Spindle Apparatus
chemical_list: D064173:Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome