title: Two new species of polystomes (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) from the anuran host Guibemantis liber.
abstract: Madapolystoma ramilijaonae n. sp. and Madapolystoma cryptica n. sp. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) are described from the urinary bladder of disjunct populations of the Madagascar shrub frog Guibemantis liber. Although only minor morphological characters distinguish the new species from the single nominal species of the genus, i.e. Madapolystoma biritika, their strong and concordant differentiation in a mitochondrial and a nuclear gene supplemented by phylogenetic analyses indicates that M. ramilijaonae n. sp. and M. cryptica n. sp. should be regarded as two distinct species. Because anuran polystomes are known to be host-specific, the description of two cryptic species from a single host species points to a taxonomic complex situation in G. liber, a widespread frog that is characterized by the presence of several deep conspecific lineages and possibly by hybridization and admixture with other species of Guibemantis.
authors.affiliation: Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France. Electronic address: pauline.berthier@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berthier
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Du Preez
authors.forename: Liliane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Raharivololoniana
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vences
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Verneau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000469:parasitology*; D008270:Madagascar / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D010986:Platyhelminths / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013045:Species Specificity; D014201:Trematode Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Cryptic species; Guibemantis liber; Madagascar; Madapolystoma cryptica n. sp.; Madapolystoma ramilijaonae n. sp.; Monogenea; Polystomatidae