title: Doppler flow parameters in orbital arteries in gestational diabetes mellitus patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the blood flow in orbital arteries in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  We have examined 65 GDM patients and 38 healthy pregnant women at 28-32 weeks. Doppler parameters were assessed in ophthalmic, central retinal and short posterior ciliary arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In ophthalmic arteries V2 was significantly higher and RI lower in GDM. In the subgroup treated with insulin V1 and V2 in ciliary artery and V2 in central retinal artery were significantly lower and PI in ciliary artery was higher when compared to subgroup on diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Doppler examination can be useful in detection of pre-clinical ophthalmological changes in GDM patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moneta-Wielgos
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Golebiewska
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brydak-Godowska
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ciszewska
authors.forename: Dorota A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bomba-Opon
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wegrzyn
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kecik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019842:Ciliary Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal
keywords: Central retinal artery; gestational diabetes mellitus; insulin treatment; ophthalmic artery; short posterior ciliary arteries