title: Visualization of inflammation and demyelination in 2D2 transgenic mice with rodent MRI.
abstract: Research tools are urgently needed to elucidate the specificities of NMO and MS due to their clinical similarity at the early stage of the diseases. Herein, using high-field-strength MRI we characterized the optic nerve and spinal cord lesions in 2D2(tg) mice (MOG 35-55 specific TCR). Specifically, early Blood-brain Barrier breakdown was observed in 86% of the 2D2(tg) mice, while the majority of mice showed little to no brain lesions. Further, immunohistology showed inflammatory infiltrates and demyelination in the brain and spinal cord that mirrored sites of MRI lesions, along with a decrease in AQP4 protein at lesion sites. Collectively, 2D2(tg) mice develop optic and spinal cord lesions that can be visualized by high-field rodent MRI and verified by pathological assessment. The similarity of these lesions with those seen in NMO patients suggests that the 2D2(tg) mouse might serve as a model for NMO research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and BNI-ASU Center for Preclinical Imaging, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, United States.
authors.forename: Jordan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Qingwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yaou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fu-Dong
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Gregory H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D051401:Aquaporin 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000473:pathology; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D051401:Aquaporin 4; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: MRI; Multiple sclerosis; Neuromyelitis Optica; TCR transgenic mice