title: Methylphenidate place conditioning in adolescent rats: an analysis of sex differences and the dopamine transporter.
abstract: In two experiments, we analyzed the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on conditioned place preference (CPP) in adolescent male and female rats, and the effects of MPH on the dopamine transporter (DAT). In Experiment 1, male and female rats were conditioned for 5 consecutive days from postnatal day (P)44 to P48 with saline, 1, or 5mg/kg MPH. On the post conditioning preference test, the group administered the 1mg/kg dose of MPH resulted in no significant preference compared to controls, whereas the 5mg/kg dose of MPH produced a robust significant preference for the paired context, but there were no sex differences. Analysis of the DAT revealed that animals conditioned with the 5mg/kg dose of MPH demonstrated a significant decrease of the dopamine transporter (DAT) in the nucleus accumbens and striatum compared to controls. In Experiment 2, animals were conditioned using an every second day paradigm from P33-41 to model a previous MPH treatment regimen that had revealed sex differences in behavioral sensitization. MPH produced an increased preference for the paired context on a post-conditioning preference test in Experiment 2, but as in Experiment 1, no sex differences were observed. These data show that a relatively high dose of MPH has rewarding associative effects in both adolescent male and female rats reliably across two different conditioning paradigms and ages in adolescence, but no sex difference. In addition, MPH results in a significant decrease of the DAT in drug reward brain areas which has implications toward plasticity of the brain's reward system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Cummins
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Katherine C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Bryce D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Buendia
authors.forename: Gregg D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Stanwood
authors.forename: Russell W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects*; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008774:Methylphenidate
keywords: Adolescence; Conditioned place preference; Dopamine transporter; Methylphenidate; Sex differences