title: Significantly association of diabetes mellitus with CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms based on a meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence in Asians and non-Asians.
abstract: We evaluated association of polymorphisms in the CTLA-4 gene with the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Comprehensive meta-analysis was applied to case-control studies of the association between CTLA-4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus to assess the joint evidence for the association, the influence of individual studies, and evidence for publication bias. We searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and reference lists of relevant studies to February 2012, and made email contact with authors. For the case-control studies, we found 1) support for an association between CTLA-4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus, 2) no evidence that this association was accounted for by any one study, and 3) no evidence for publication bias. In all, although the association between CTLA-4 polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes mellitus is weak, we suggest that it is real. Further studies are needed to clarify what variant of CTLA-4 (or some related gene) accounts for this association.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: H X
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: G Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000235:genetics*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human