title: Limited fluid resuscitation attenuates lung and intestine injury caused by hemorrhagic shock in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different volume fluid resuscitations were closely associated with different cytokine responses, which could influence shock-induced lung and intestinal destruction. The aim of the study is to compare the effects of limited and traditional resuscitation on the levels of inflammatory response and lung and intestinal injury of hemorrhagic shock (HS) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sprague-Dawley male rats were subjected to a blood pressure-controlled hemorrhage group following three kinds of resuscitation using lactated Ringer's (LR) solution (45, 30, 15 ml/kg·hr, respectively) and unresuscitation group. Then six rats of each group were sacrificed at 24, 48, and 72 hr, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of plasma TNF-α, the plasma lactic acid, the intestinal permeability, and the ratio of wet weight to dry weight of lung and intestinal were lower in the group of 15 ml/kg·hr than other groups (p < .05). The lung and intestinal injury were more severe in group 45 ml/kg·hr than other groups in 24, 48, and 72 hr (p < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparing with conventional fluid resuscitation, limited fluid resuscitation (LFR) could not only decrease the levels of lactic acid and pro-inflammatory factors but also attenuate the intestinal and lung injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Yousheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Mingxiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jieshou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012151:Resuscitation; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000150:complications*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha