title: Ultrasound-assisted extraction of D-pinitol from carob pods using Response Surface Methodology.
abstract: This study reports on the optimization of the conditions of extraction of D-pinitol compound from carob pods by using ultrasonication. For this purpose, the Box-Behnken design, which is a widely used form of Response Surface Methodology, was used to investigate the effects of parameters on the ultrasound-assisted extraction. Four independent variables, temperature (°C), ultrasonic power (W), dilution rate (material:water ratio) and time (min), were studied. The results showed that the highest D-pinitol concentration of 11.98 g/L was obtained with an extraction temperature of 50 °C, ultrasonic power of 207 W, a dilution rate of 1:4 and an extraction time of 120 min. It was found that the D-pinitol concentration of carob extract increased with the effect of ultrasonication during the extraction process. Therefore, ultrasound-assisted extraction could be used as an alternative to conventional hot water extraction with respect to the recovery of D-pinitol from carob pods with the advantages of lower extraction temperatures, shorter extraction time and reduced energy consumption.
authors.affiliation: Akdeniz University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, 07058 Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: nedimtetik@akdeniz.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Nedim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tetik
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yüksel
mesh_terms: D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D007294:Inositol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: C021730:pinitol; D007294:Inositol
keywords: Efficiency; Extraction; Ultrasound; d-Pinitol