title: Perfluorinated compounds: levels, trophic web enrichments and human dietary intakes in transitional water ecosystems.
abstract: The results of a study on levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), analyzed in terms of HPLC-ESI-MS in water, sediment, macrophyte, bivalve, crustacean and fish samples, are reported here. The aim of the research is to define, for the first time, PFOA/S levels in a heavily human-stressed transitional water ecosystem (Orbetello lagoon, Italy) and evaluate trophic web enrichments and human dietary intakes. The results obtained show that: (i) levels significantly higher than those reported in the literature were found in mussels, clams and crabs; (ii) the river is a significant pollution source; (iii) although absolute levels are relatively low, macroalgae proliferation contributes to redistribute pollutants from river-affected areas throughout the entire lagoon basin; (iv) to the best of our current knowledge, water-filtering species considered in this study are the most exposed to PFOA/S pollution; (v) human daily dietary intakes of PFOA/S through Slow Food-endorsed product consumption are below maximum tolerable levels suggested by the EFSA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of the Salento, SP Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: monia.renzi@unisalento.it.
authors.forename: Monia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Renzi
authors.forename: Cristiana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guerranti
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giovani
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perra
authors.forename: Silvano E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Focardi
mesh_terms: D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017753:Ecosystem; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D020387:Food Chain; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Daily dietary intakes; Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS); Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA); Transitional water ecosystems; Trophic web enrichments