title: Antioxidant profile of salivary glands in high fat diet-induced insulin resistance rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is no study analyzing the salivary antioxidant profile in the course of the insulin resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were divided into two groups. One group was fed with a normal diet, another one with a high fat diet for 5 weeks. The analysis included: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase, peroxidase activities, uric acid, and total antioxidant status concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The activity of peroxidase in both kind of glands of insulin resistance rats was significantly reduced than in the control rats. The protein concentration, total amount of total antioxidant status in the parotid glands of insulin resistance rats were significantly lower than in the control glands The total amount of superoxide dismutase, CAT, and uric acid in the parotid glands of insulin resistance rats were significantly elevated in comparison with the control rats. The median values of the total amount of superoxide dismutase, CAT, peroxidase, total antioxidant status were significantly higher in the parotid than in the submandibular glands of the insulin resistance and control rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parotid and submandibular glands of rats react differently when exposed to insulin resistance condition; however, the parotid glands seem to be more affected. The main source of antioxidants is parotid glands of rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zalewska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knaś
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zendzian-Piotrowska
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Waszkiewicz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szulimowska
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prokopiuk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Waszkiel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Car
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000378:metabolism*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014527:Uric Acid; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: insulin resistance; oxidative stress; salivary antioxidants; salivary gland of rats