title: The rare case of Alternaria alternata cutaneous and pulmonary infection in a heart transplant recipient treated by azole antifungals.
abstract: We report a case of Alternaria alternata cutaneous and pulmonary infection in a 62-year-old man after heart transplantation treated by azole antifungals. Alternaria spp. belong to a group of opportunistic dematiaceous fungi with worldwide distribution. The cutaneous form of the infection in human is very rare and occurs predominantly among immunosuppressed patients. Therefore, diagnosis is often delayed or not reached at all. Appropriate treatment is not standardized and remains a matter of discussion. According to current studies, the best results are obtained with systemic azole antifungal therapy combined with surgical intervention.
authors.affiliation: Dermatovenereology Department, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University, Bulovka Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sečníková
authors.forename: Kateřina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jůzlová
authors.forename: Naděžda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vojáčková
authors.forename: Dmitry V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Kazakov
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hošková
authors.forename: Jorga
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fialová
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Džambová
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hercogová
mesh_terms: D000528:Alternaria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D060487:Alternariosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003881:Dermatomycoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D065819:Voriconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014230:Triazoles; C101425:posaconazole; D065819:Voriconazole
keywords: Alternaria alternata; azole antifungals; heart transplantation