title: Galectin-3: a new biomarker for the diagnosis, analysis and prognosis of acute and chronic heart failure.
abstract: Heart failure constitutes an important medical, social and economic problem. The prevalence of heart failure is estimated as 2-3% of the adult population and increases with age, despite the scientific progress of the past decade, especially the emergence of natriuretic peptides, which have been widely used as reliable markers for diagnostic and prognostic evaluation. Identification of new reliable markers for diagnosis, analysis, prognosis of mortality and prevention of hospitalization is still necessary. Galectin-3 is a soluble β-galactoside-binding protein secreted by activated macrophages. Its main action is to bind to and activate the fibroblasts that form collagen and scar tissue, leading to progressive cardiac fibrosis. Numerous experimental studies have shown the important role of galectin-3 in cardiac remodelling due to fibrosis, independent of the fibrosis aetiology. Galectin-3 is significantly increased in chronic heart failure (acute or non-acute onset), independent of aetiology. Some clinical studies have confirmed the predictive value of galectin-3 in all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure. In our review, we aim to analyse the role of galectin-3 in the development of heart failure, its value in screening and clinical decision making and its possible predictive application in follow-up as a "routine" test in an addition to established biomarkers, such as B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal prohormone of B-type natriuretic peptide.
authors.affiliation: Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology Department, Rene-Dubos Hospital, 6, avenue de l'Île-de-France, 95303 Pontoise, France.
authors.forename: Nataliya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hrynchyshyn
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jourdain
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Desnos
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Diebold
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Funck
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000097:blood*; D037161:Galectins; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D037502:Galectin 3; D037161:Galectins; C428445:LGALS3 protein, human
keywords: Ac-SDKP; B-type Natriuretic Peptide; BNP; CI; Confidence Interval; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; EDTA; Ethylenediaminetetra-acetic Acid; GFR; Galectin-3; Glomerular Filtration Date; HF; HR; Hazard Ratio; Heart Failure; Heart failure; Insuffisance cardiaque; LVEF; Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction; Log Matrix Metalloproteinase-2; Log Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1.; MMP-2; Mortality; Mortalité; N-Acetyl-Seryl-Aspartyl-Lysyl-Proline; N-terminal Prohormone of B-type Natriuretic Peptide; N-terminal Propeptide of Type III Procollagen; NT-proBNP; NYHA; New York Heart Association; OR; Odds Ratio; PIIINP; Prognosis; Pronostic; TIMP1