title: The value of artificial pleural effusion for percutaneous microwave ablation of liver tumour in the hepatic dome: a retrospective case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficiency of percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) with artificial pleural effusion for liver tumours located in the hepatic dome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 112 sessions of artificial pleural effusion performed on 102 liver tumour patients were summarised and analysed at our hospital. Among them, 31 hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated by percutaneous MWA were selected as the artificial pleural effusion group. The control group without artificial pleural effusion was matched with tumour size, tumour location and the histological grades of differentiation. The primary technique effectiveness rate, local tumour progression rate and tumour-free survival rate were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Artificial pleural effusion was achieved successfully in 110 of 112 sessions (98.2%), which helped to improve the visibility in 98.8% (82/83) and acquire safe puncture path in 96.3% (26/27). There were no statistical differences between the artificial pleural effusion group and the control group in the primary technique effectiveness rate (p = 1.000), the 1-, 2-, and 3-year local tumour progression rates (p = 0.669), and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year tumour-free survival rates (p = 0.979).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous MWA with artificial pleural effusion could be a feasible, safe, and effective technique for liver tumours located in the hepatic dome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China and.
authors.forename: Dezhi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Zhiyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Fangyi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves; D008875:Middle Aged; D010996:Pleural Effusion; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D047368:Tumor Burden