title: Antibiotic therapy in pyogenic meningitis in paediatric patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To isolate and identify the causative pathogen, antibiotic sensitivity testing and success rate of empirical antibiotic therapy in pyogenic meningitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analytical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan, from March to July 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed on 72 culture positive meningitis cases in children less than 15 years of age. This therapy was evaluated by monitoring the patient's clinical picture for 14 - 21 days. The collected data was analyzed by Chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen different bacteria were isolated. The most commonly occurring bacteria were coagulase negative Staphylococci (25%), E. coli (12.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.3%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (8.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.3%). All the bacteria were sensitive to vancomycin (96.7%), meropenem (76.7%), amikacin (75%), ciprofloxacin (65.3%), chloramphenicol (46.5%), ceftazidime (44.2%), cefepime (41.9%), co-amoxiclav (38.0%), oxacillin (34.8%), cefotaxime (21.4%), penicillin (20.7%), ceftriaxone (18.6%), cefuroxime (14%) and ampicillin (6.9%). The combination of sulbactam and cefoperazone showed antimicrobial sensitivity of 81.4%. The success rate of empirical antibiotic therapy was 91.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was found that Gram negative bacteria were the major cause of pyogenic meningitis. Mostly there were resistant strains against all commonly used antibiotics except vancomycin. All empirical antibiotic therapies were found to be most successful.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore.
authors.forename: Fauzia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tajdin
authors.forename: Muhammad Adil
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rasheed
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashraf
authors.forename: Huma
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rasheed
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ejaz
authors.forename: Ghulam Jilany
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010154:Pakistan
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents