title: ESBL, plasmidic AmpC, and associated quinolone resistance determinants in coliforms isolated from hospital effluent: first report of qnrB2, qnrB9, qnrB19, and blaCMY-4 in Algeria.
abstract: The characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases , plasmidic AmpC (pAmpC), and associated plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants in cefotaxime-resistant coliforms isolated from hospital effluent in Algiers showed blaCTX-M genes in 89%, blaTEM-1 in 79·8%, and pAmpC genes (blaCIT) in 2·7% isolates. Association of ISEcp1B with blaCTX-M was found in all CTX-M+ isolates, and 97·2% harboured class 1 integrons. Sequencing showed blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-3, and blaCMY-4 genes. blaCTX-M-3 and blaCTX-M-15 were located in Inc L/M conjugative plasmids. The PMQR determinants identified were qnrB1, qnrB2, qnrB9, qnrB19, qnrS2, and aac(6')-Ib-cr. qnrB2, qnrB9, qnrB19, and blaCMY-4 are described for the first time in Algeria and qnrB19 for the first time in non-clinical environments. This study highlights the major potential role of hospital effluents as providers of resistance genes to natural environments.
authors.forename: Lynda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Anssour
authors.forename: Yamina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Messai
authors.forename: Meriem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Derkaoui
authors.forename: Souhila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alouache
authors.forename: Vanesa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Estepa
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Somalo
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Rabah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bakour
mesh_terms: D000462:Algeria; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D015363:Quinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015363:Quinolones; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D002439:Cefotaxime
keywords: ESBL,; Hospital effluent,; PMQR determinants; Plasmidic AmpC,