title: Chitosan nanoparticles attenuate hydrogen peroxide-induced stress injury in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells.
abstract: This study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) against hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative damage in murine macrophages RAW264.7 cells. After 24 h pre-incubation with CNP (25-200 μg/mL) and chitosan (CS) (50-200 μg/mL, as controls), the viability loss in RAW264.7 cells induced by H2O2 (500 μM) for 12 h was markedly restored in a concentration-dependent manner as measured by MTT assay (P < 0.05) and decreased in cellular LDH release (P < 0.05). Moreover, CNP also exerted preventive effects on suppressing the production of lipid peroxidation such as malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05), restoring activities of endogenous antioxidant including superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (P < 0.05), along with increasing total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (P < 0.05). In addition, pre-incubation of CNP with RAW264.7 cells for 24 h resulted in the increase of the gene expression level of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, such as MnSOD and GSH-Px (P < 0.05). At the same concentration, CNP significantly decreased LDH release and MDA (P < 0.05) as well as increased MnSOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC activities (P < 0.05) as compared to CS. Taken together, our findings suggest that CNP can more effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against oxidative stress by H₂O₂ as compared to CS, which might be used as a potential natural compound-based antioxidant in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316000, China. wenzhengshun@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zheng-Shun
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Li-Jia
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: You-Le
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Xiao-Kun
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Li-Ye
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zi-Rong
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D048271:Chitosan; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase