title: Effects of a commercial canine gonadotropin releasing hormone vaccine on estrus suppression and estrous behavior in mares.
abstract: We investigated the effect of immunization against gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) using a commercial canine GnRH vaccine on estrus suppression and unwanted estrous behavior in mares. In experiment 1, mares were immunized (n = 6) twice with vaccine (5 mL) given intramuscularly 4 weeks apart or received a control diluent (n = 5). Transrectal ultrasonographic examination of the reproductive tracts was performed three days a week for 40 weeks after initial vaccination. Blood samples were collected weekly for GnRH antibody titer and progesterone concentration determination. In experiment 2, privately-owned mares (n = 12) were immunized twice with vaccine (1 mL) given intramuscularly 4 weeks apart. Blood samples were collected prior to each vaccination as well as 12 and 20 weeks after initial treatment, and transrectal ultrasonographic examinations of the reproductive tracts were performed 12 weeks after the first vaccination. Vaccinated mares in experiment 1 responded with a GnRH antibody titer, progesterone concentrations significantly lower than controls, and cessation of ovarian activity. Vaccinated mares in experiment 2 also responded with a GnRH antibody titer, progesterone concentrations that remained basal for the duration of the study, and cessation of ovarian activity. Owners of vaccinated mares in experiment 2 reported that the number of unwanted estrous behaviors present before vaccination significantly decreased following vaccination. In conclusion, GnRH immunization using a canine GnRH vaccine is an effective method for suppressing estrus and unwanted estrous behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Donovan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hazzard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: LeMieux
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hathaway
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kutzler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D004971:Estrus / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000276:immunology*; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D007114:Immunization / Q000662:veterinary; D006080:Ovarian Follicle; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D022642:Vaccines, Contraceptive / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D022642:Vaccines, Contraceptive; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011374:Progesterone
keywords: Antibody; Estrous cycle; GnRH immunization; Horse; Immunocontraception; Progesterone