title: Electrical safety of conducted electrical weapons relative to requirements of relevant electrical standards.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  TASER(®) conducted electrical weapons (CEW) deliver electrical pulses that can inhibit a person's neuromuscular control or temporarily incapacitate. TASER X26, X26P, and X2 are among CEW models most frequently deployed by law enforcement agencies. The X2 CEW uses two cartridge bays while the X26 and X26P CEWs have only one. The TASER X26P CEW electronic output circuit design is equivalent to that of any one of the two TASER X2 outputs. The goal of this paper was to analyze the nominal electrical outputs of TASER X26, X26P, and X2 CEWs in reference to provisions of several international standards that specify safety requirements for electrical medical devices and electrical fences. Although these standards do not specifically mention CEWs, they are the closest electrical safety standards and hence give very relevant guidance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The outputs of two TASER X26 and two TASER X2 CEWs were measured and confirmed against manufacturer and other published specifications. The TASER X26, X26P, and X2 CEWs electrical output parameters were reviewed against relevant safety requirements of UL 69, IEC 60335-2-76 Ed 2.1, IEC 60479-1, IEC 60479-2, AS/NZS 60479.1, AS/NZS 60479.2 and IEC 60601-1. Prior reports on similar topics were reviewed as well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our measurements and analyses confirmed that the nominal electrical outputs of TASER X26, X26P and X2 CEWs lie within safety bounds specified by relevant requirements of the above standards.
authors.forename: Dorin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Panescu
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nerheim
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kroll
mesh_terms: D004389:Durable Medical Equipment; D004597:Electroshock / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards; D006795:Household Products / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D035846:Law Enforcement / Q000379:methods; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012449:Safety; D054041:Weapons