title: Transient ischemic rectitis as a potential complication after prostatic artery embolization: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is an alternative treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Complications are primarily related to non-target embolization. We report a case of ischemic rectitis in a 76-year-old man with significant lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia, probably related to nontarget embolization. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an 85.5-g prostate and urodynamic studies confirmed Inferior vesical obstruction. PAE was performed bilaterally. During the first 3 days of follow-up, a small amount of blood mixed in the stool was observed. Colonoscopy identified rectal ulcers at day 4, which had then disappeared by day 16 post PAE without treatment. PAE is a safe, effective procedure with a low complication rate, but interventionalists should be aware of the risk of rectal nontarget embolization.
authors.affiliation: Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil. motamoreira@gmail.com.|, Campevas Street, 370, Apt 110-Perdizes, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05016-010, Brazil. motamoreira@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Airton Mota
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Frederico Sparapan
authors.initials: CFS
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alberto Azoubel
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.affiliation: Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Caio Sergio Rizkallah
authors.initials: CSR
authors.lastname: Nahas
authors.affiliation: Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio Carlos
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Nahas
authors.affiliation: Division of Minimally Invasive Image Guided Surgery, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: de Gregorio Ariza
authors.affiliation: Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco Cesar
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Carnevale
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000379:methods; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000628:therapy*; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D012007:Rectum / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome