title: An ergonomic, instrumented ultrasound probe for 6-axis force/torque measurement.
abstract: An ergonomic, instrumented ultrasound probe has been developed for medical imaging applications. The device, which fits compactly in the hand of sonographers and permits rapid attachment & removal of the ultrasound probe, measures ultrasound probe-to-patient contact forces and torques in all six axes. The device was used to measure contact forces and torques applied by ten professional sonographers on five patients during thirty-six abdominal exams. Of the three contact forces, those applied along the probe axis were found to be largest, averaging 7.0N. Measurement noise was quantified for each axis, and found to be small compared with the axial force. Understanding the range of forces applied during ultrasound imaging enables the design of more accurate robotic imaging systems and could also improve understanding of the correlation between contact force and sonographer fatigue and injury.
authors.forename: Matthew W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Gilbertson
authors.forename: Brian W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Anthony
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006804:Ergonomics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D019415:Torque; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000295:instrumentation*