title: What counts as the evidence for three-dimensional and four-dimensional spatial representations?
abstract: The dimension of spatial representations can be assessed by above-chance performance in novel shortcut or spatial reasoning tasks independent of accuracy levels, systematic biases, mosaic/segmentation across space, separate coding of individual dimensions, and reference frames. Based on this criterion, humans and some other animals exhibited sufficient evidence for the existence of three-dimensional and/or four-dimensional spatial representations.
authors.forename: Ranxiao Frances
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Whitney N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Street
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D013037:Spatial Behavior