title: Associations of neighborhood characteristics with sleep timing and quality: the Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the associations of specific neighborhood features (disorder, safety, social cohesion, physical environment, and socioeconomic status) with sleep duration and quality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional. One wave of a population-based study (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-dwelling participants in New York, NY and Los Angeles, CA.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 1,406 participants (636 males, 770 females).
  
  
  METHODS
  NA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sleep was assessed using reported hours of sleep, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and insomnia symptoms. Neighborhood characteristics were assessed via questionnaires administered to neighbors of study participants and were aggregated to the neighborhood (census tract) level using empirical Bayes estimation. An adverse social environment (characterized by high disorder, and low safety and social cohesion) was associated with shorter sleep duration after adjustment for the physical environment, neighborhood and individual-level socioeconomic status (SES), and other short sleep risk factors (mean difference per standard deviation increase in summary social environment scale 0.24 h 95% confidence interval 0.08, 0.43). Adverse neighborhood social and physical environments, and neighborhood SES were associated with greater sleepiness, but associations with physical environments were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics. Neighborhood SES was a weaker and less consistent predictor of specific measures of neighborhood social and physical environments. Neighborhood characteristics were not associated with insomnia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Shortened sleep related to adverse social environments represents one potential pathway through which neighborhoods may influence health.
authors.affiliation: Social Sciences and Humanities, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad, GJ, India.
authors.forename: Amy S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Desantis
authors.forename: Ana V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Diez Roux
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Kelly G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: Mahasin S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mujahid
authors.forename: F Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Nieto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012890:Sleep; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Neighborhoods; daytime sleepiness; sleep duration