title: Estimation of mouth level exposure to smoke constituents of cigarettes with different tar levels using filter analysis.
abstract: A nicotine part-filter method can be applied to estimate smokers' mouth level exposure (MLE) to smoke constituents. The objectives of this study were (1) to generate calibration curves for 47 smoke constituents, (2) to estimate MLE to selected smoke constituents using Japanese smokers of commercially available cigarettes covering a wide range of International Organization for Standardization tar yields (1-21mg/cigarette), and (3) to investigate relationships between MLE estimates and various machine-smoking yields. Five cigarette brands were machine-smoked under 7 different smoking regimes and smoke constituents and nicotine content in part-filters were measured. Calibration curves were then generated. Spent cigarette filters were collected from a target of 50 smokers for each of the 15 brands and a total of 780 filters were obtained. Nicotine content in part-filters was then measured and MLE to each smoke constituent was estimated. Strong correlations were identified between nicotine content in part-filters and 41 out of the 47 smoke constituent yields. Estimates of MLE to acetaldehyde, acrolein, 1,3-butadiene, benzene, benzo[a]pyrene, carbon monoxide, and tar showed significant negative correlations with corresponding constituent yields per mg nicotine under the Health Canada Intense smoking regime, whereas significant positive correlations were observed for N-nitrosonornicotine and (4-methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone.
authors.affiliation: Japan Tobacco Inc., 6-2 Umegaoka, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2278512, Japan. Electronic address: takatsugu.hyodo@jt.com.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hyodo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Minagawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bito
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002138:Calibration; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; D005374:Filtration; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009538:Nicotine / Q000032:analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013638:Tars / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke; D013638:Tars; C024746:tobacco tar; D009538:Nicotine
keywords: (4-methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone; CO; Cigarette; FTC; Federal Trade Commission; Filter analysis; GC; GC with mass spectrometry; GC–MS; HCI; HPLC; HPLC with fluorescence detection; HPLC-FLD; HSD; Health Canada Intense; ISO; International Organization for Standardization; Japan; LC; LOD; LOQ; MLE; Mouth Level Exposure; Mouth level exposure; N-nitrosonornicotine; NNK; NNN; Ranking; Smoke constituents; TPM; TobReg; Tobacco Product Regulation; Total Particulate Matter; WHO; World Health Organization; carbon monoxide; gas chromatography; high performance liquid chromatography; honestly significant difference; limit of detection; limit of quantification; liquid chromatography