title: Navigation-guided lateral gap arthroplasty as the treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article presents a novel method of navigation-guided lateral gap arthroplasty (LGA) in the treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients with unilateral TMJA from 2007 through 2011 were included in this study. Presurgical planning was performed to determine the amount and extent of ankylosed bone to be resected using the simulation platform. Minimum follow-up was 6 months. Patients were monitored for complications and signs of recurrence. Maximum mouth opening (MO) was measured and compared intra- and postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative planning was performed at the STN or Accu-Navi workstation. The amount and extent of ankylosed bone to be resected was determined. All 6 LGAs were completed successfully using real-time instrument- and pointer-based navigation. Measurements performed intraoperatively showed that the mean for maximum MO was about 35 to 40 mm and remained the same postoperatively. Follow-up evaluation showed remarkable improvement in function and esthetics, with no signs of recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Navigation-guided LGA can be regarded a viable option for performing this delicate and complicated surgical procedure.
authors.affiliation: Medical Doctor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Haijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gui
authors.affiliation: Medical Doctor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jinyang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Steve G F
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Oral Surgery, University of the East, College of Dentistry, Manila; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lung Center of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines.
authors.forename: Joy S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bautista
authors.affiliation: Medical Doctor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Voss
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: yuanqing860409@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Shilei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000844:Ankylosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D001178:Arthroplasty / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000293:injuries; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000150:complications; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012008:Recurrence; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055815:Young Adult