title: Influence of ethanol-induced pulmonary embolism on hemodynamics in pigs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ethanol is widely used for the embolization treatment of vascular malformations, but it can also cause serious complications such us pulmonary hypertension, cardiopulmonary collapse and death. The complications are considered secondary to pulmonary vasospasm and ethanol-induced sludge embolism, etc., We studied the hemodynamic effects of intravenous absolute ethanol injection and ethanol sludge injection in pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 5 pigs underwent intravenous injection of ex vivo generated ethanol-induced sludge in which residual ethanol was removed (Group S) and 4 pigs underwent intravenous injection of absolute ethanol (Group E). Hemodynamic parameters related to the pulmonary and systemic circulation were compared between the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transient pulmonary hypertension was observed in both groups and the hemodynamic changes were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sludge can induce transient pulmonary hypertension or cardiopulmonary collapse, without ethanol and may be the mechanism by which ethanol induces its adverse hemodynamic effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Science, Division of Radiology, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yata
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaminou
authors.forename: Yasufumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohuchi
authors.forename: Kimihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takasugi
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kodani
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ihaya
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000139:chemically induced; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011859:Radiography; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol