title: The mitochondrial genome of the Russian wheat aphid Diuraphis noxia: large repetitive sequences between trnE and trnF in aphids.
abstract: To characterize aphid mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) features, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia. The 15,784-bp mitogenome with a high A+T content (84.76%) and strong C skew (-0.26) was arranged in the same gene order as that of the ancestral insect. Unlike typical insect mitogenomes, D. noxia possessed a large tandem repeat region (644 bp) located between trnE and trnF. Sequencing partial mitogenome of the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) further confirmed the presence of the large repeat region in aphids, but with different repeat length and copy number. Another motif (58 bp) tandemly repeated 2.3 times in the control region of D. noxia. All repeat units in D. noxia could be folded into stem-loop secondary structures, which could further promote an increase in copy numbers. Characterization of the D. noxia mitogenome revealed distinct mitogenome architectures, thus advancing our understanding of insect mitogenomic diversities and evolution.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Science & Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia; Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre, LPO Box 5012, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Owain
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001042:Aphids / Q000235:genetics*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences; D014908:Triticum / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D019476:Insect Proteins; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012343:RNA, Transfer
keywords: ATP synthase subunits 6 and 8; Aphid; Diuraphis noxia; Mitochondrial genome; NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1–6 and 4L; Repeat region; atp6 and atp8; cob; cox1–3; cytochrome b; cytochrome c oxidase subunits 1–3; nad1–6 and nad4L; rrnS and rrnL; small and large ribosomal RNA (rRNA) subunits; transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, where X is the one-letter abbreviation of the corresponding amino acid; trnX