title: Laryngeal chondrosarcoma of the arytenoid cartilage presenting as bilateral vocal fold immobility: a case report and literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe an atypical case of laryngeal chondrosarcoma of arytenoid cartilage presenting as bilateral vocal fold immobility and to avoid potential missed diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our case study included a detail history, physical and radiological examination, laryngeal electromyography (LEMG), and surgical treatment and pathology analysis. We compared it with the previously discussed cases of chondrosarcoma of arytenoid cartilage in the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chondrosarcomas of the arytenoid cartilage is rare, and to date only approximately 10 cases have been reported. We reported a case of a 51-year-old man with 1 month of persistent dyspnea presenting with bilateral vocal fold immobility without neoplasms in larynx. The LEMG showed no obvious abnormality. The cervical-enhanced computed tomography (CT) found no significant signs of a mass except for localized high-density areas in arytenoid cartilage. Right arytenoidectomy and biopsy were performed under general anesthesia with CO2 laser with the pathological diagnosis of chondroma. A total laryngectomy was performed 2 years later, and low-grade chondrosarcoma was the final diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laryngeal chondrosarcomas of the arytenoid cartilage are rare. It is easily neglected, especially in those cases presenting with idiopathic vocal fold immobility without any obvious signs of neoplasms. The LEMG and laryngeal CT are necessary. Sometimes, a biopsy of the arytenoid cartilage is essential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: entwen@tros.com.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Honggang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001193:Arytenoid Cartilage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001706:Biopsy; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation; D054020:Lasers, Gas; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D049489:Stroboscopy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D064706:Vocal Cord Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Arytenoid cartilage; Chondrosarcoma; Laryngeal electromyography; Larynx; Vocal fold immobility