title: Sino-orbital spelunking: stalagmite formation in fibrous dysplasia with dystrophic calcification.
abstract: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) involving the mid-face may be associated with cystic and other secondary changes that make diagnosis more difficult. We present a case of FD associated with a remote history of blunt facial trauma and extensive cystic changes involving the medial orbit and sinuses. An endoscopic exploration revealed "stalagmites" along the floor of the cystic cavity that were consistent with dystrophic calcification. This case was unusual given the degree of dystrophic calcification and the presence of sino-orbital stalagmites within the cystic cavity. Radiologic and pathologic features of the stalagmites are characterized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology .
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Subinoy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Wakely
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kirsch
mesh_terms: D001845:Bone Cysts / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004724:Endoscopy; D005359:Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult