title: An OFF-ON chemosensor for biological and environmental applications: sensing Cd2+ in water using catanionic vesicles and in living cells.
abstract: A new OFF-ON fluorescent chemosensor (L(1)) for Cd(2+) recognition based on a 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline pendant arm derivative of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane ([9]aneN3) will be presented and its photochemical features in an MeCN-H2O 1 : 1 (v/v) mixture, in pure water, after inclusion within catanionic vesicles, and in living cells will be discussed. The coordination properties of L(1) both in solution and in the solid state were preliminarily studied and its selectivity towards Cd(2+)versus a set of different metal ions (Cu(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+), Pb(2+), Al(3+), Hg(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Mn(2+), Mg(2+), K(+), Ca(2+), Ag(+), and Na(+)) was verified in MeCN-H2O 1 : 1 (v/v). In water, upon addition of increasing amounts of Cd(2+) to L(1) an enhancement of the fluorescence emission was detected. To overcome this serious drawback, L(1) was dissolved in an innovative catanionic vesicular solution based on sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, a traditional surfactant, and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, an ionic liquid. When enclosed within the vesicle bilayers in water, L(1) restored its fluorescence emission property upon addition of Cd(2+). Remarkably, L(1) enters the cellular membrane of living cells thus allowing the detection of intracellular Cd(2+). These findings encourage the application of this new fluorescent chemosensor in real samples for histological and environmental analyses.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bencini
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caddeo
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caltagirone
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garau
authors.forename: Mike B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hurstouse
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Isaia
authors.forename: Sandrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lampis
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lippolis
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Meli
authors.forename: Maura
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monduzzi
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mostallino
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murgia
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puccioni
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Pietro Paolo
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Secci
authors.forename: Yeshayahu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Talmon
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D002412:Cations; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium