title: A modified model of T-cell differentiation based on mTOR activity and metabolism.
abstract: Current models of T-helper-cell differentiation depict the generation of effector cells from a naïve T cell based on the cytokine environment upon T-cell-receptor engagement. We propose a new model of CD4(+) T-cell activation, differentiation, and function whereby the outcome of antigen recognition is dictated by mTOR activity and the subsequent up-regulation of selective metabolic function. Such a model more readily explains the generation of effector and memory cells including the concept of effector and memory Foxp3(+) regulatory cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231 poweljo@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231.
authors.forename: Emily B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Heikamp
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231.
authors.forename: Kristen N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Pollizzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231.
authors.forename: Adam T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Waickman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases