title: In vitro comparative evaluation of recombinant growth factors for tissue engineering of bladder in patients with neurogenic bladder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To compare the effects of various recombinant growth factors on bladder regeneration and angiogenesis for tissue engineering of bladder in patients with neurogenic bladder through in vitro cellular biological methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human bladder smooth muscle cells (HBSMCs) and human bladder urothelial cells (HBUCs) were cultured from patients with neurogenic bladder and used for comparative evaluations of various growth factors. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were also used. Eight potential growth factors, platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), platelet-derived growth factor CC (PDGF-CC), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), were selected and their effects on the proliferation, migration, and wound healing of HBSMCs, HBUCs, and HUVECs were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PDGF-BB, PDGF-CC, bFGF, VEGF, IGF-1, or HGF enhanced the proliferation, migration, and wound healing of HBSMCs, whereas TGF-β1 inhibited their proliferation. Proliferation, migration, and wound healing of HBUCs and HUVECs were enhanced by bFGF, VEGF, EGF, IGF-1, or HGF, whereas inhibited by TGF-β1. PDGF-BB failed to enhance cell activity of HUVECs, whereas PDGF-CC could enhance their migration and wound healing. PDGF-BB, EGF, and VEGF were the most potent factors for stimulating the activities of HBSMCs, HBUCs, and HUVECs, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest the potential use of a combination of PDGF-BB, EGF, and VEGF for bladder regeneration and angiogenesis. The synergetic effects of the three growth factors on cell activities in a three-dimensional scaffold and an animal model with neurogenic bladder need to be further evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Liuhua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Zeyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yutian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Junhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000628:therapy*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
keywords: Angiogenesis; Bladder; Growth factor; Neurogenic bladder; Regenerative medicine; Smooth muscle cell; Tissue engineering; Urothelial cell