title: A chlorhexidine-loaded biodegradable cellulosic device for periodontal pockets treatment.
abstract: Absorbent points widely used in endodontic therapy were transformed into bioresorbable chlorhexidine delivery systems for the treatment of the periodontal pocket by preventing its recolonization by the subgingival microflora. These paper points (PPs) were first oxidized to promote their resorption, then grafted with β-cyclodextrin (CD) or maltodextrin (MD) in order to achieve sustained delivery of chlorhexidine. We investigated the oxidation step parameters through the time of reaction and the nitric and phosphoric acid ratios in the oxidizing mixture, and then the dextrin grafting step parameters through the time and temperature of reaction. A first selection of the appropriate functionalization parameters was undertaken in relation to the degradation profile kinetics of the oxidized (PPO) and oxidized-grafted samples (PPO-CD and PPO-MD). Samples were then loaded with chlorhexidine digluconate (digCHX), a widely used antiseptic agent in periodontal therapy. The release kinetics of digCHX from PPO-CD and PPO-MD samples were compared to PP, PPO and to PerioChip(®) (a commercial digCHX containing gelatine chip) in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4) by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The cytocompatibility of the oxidized-grafted PP was demonstrated by cell proliferation assays. Finally, the disc diffusion test from digCHX loaded PPO-MD samples immersed in human plasma was developed on pre-inoculated agar plates with four common periodontal pathogenic strains: Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella melaninogenica, Aggregatibacter actinomycetem comitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. To conclude, the optimized oxidized-dextrin-grafted PPs responded to our initial specifications in terms of resorption and digCHX release rates and therefore could be adopted as a reliable complementary periodontal therapy.
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET) UMR CNRS 8207, Université Lille1, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. Electronic address: nicolas.tabary@univ-lille1.fr.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tabary
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Blanchemain
authors.forename: Christel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neut
authors.forename: Lucile
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pauchet
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertini
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delcourt-Debruyne
authors.forename: Hartmut Frederic
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Martel
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011134:Polysaccharides; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C008315:maltodextrin; D002482:Cellulose; C031215:betadex; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: Chlorhexidine digluconate; Cyclodextrin; Drug delivery system; Oxidized cellulose; Periodontology