title: Distinct prognostic factors in patients with chronic heart failure and chronic kidney disease.
abstract: Impaired renal function is a strong predictor of mortality in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on prognostic factors has not been rigorously examined in CHF. The purpose of this study was to compare prognostic factors between CHF patients with and without CKD. Consecutive 505 patients with CHF, who performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing before discharge, were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups: CKD group (eGFR < 60 mL/minute/1.73 m2, n = 213) and non-CKD group (eGFR ≥ 60 mL/minute/1.73 m2, n = 292). The patients were followed up to register cardiac events including cardiac death and re-hospitalization due to worsening heart failure. There were 115 events during the follow-up period (746 ± 238 days), and the cardiac event rate was higher in the CKD group than in the non-CKD group (34% versus 14%, P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox hazard analysis demonstrated that body mass index (P < 0.001), log BNP (P < 0.001), peak VO2 (P < 0.05), and left atrial dimension (P < 0.05) were independent parameters to predict cardiac events after discharge in the non-CKD group. In contrast, peak VO2 (P < 0.01), log BNP (P < 0.01), and the concentrations of hemoglobin (P < 0.05) and uric acid (P < 0.05) were independent prognostic factors in the CKD group. Prognostic factors were different between CHF patients with and without CKD, and this should be considered when managing CHF patients with CKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University.
authors.forename: Takamasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Akiomi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshihisa
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaki
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunii
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Shu-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Yasuchika
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D059347:Cardio-Renal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004452:Echocardiography; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications*