title: Spontaneous intra-uterine growth restriction modulates the endocrine status and the developmental expression of genes in porcine fetal and neonatal adipose tissue.
abstract: Low birth weight is correlated with low adiposity at birth, a phenotype that influences neonatal survival and later adiposity. A better understanding of events affecting the fetal adipose tissue development and its functionality around birth is thus needed. This study was undertaken to examine the impact of spontaneous intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) on circulating concentrations of hormones and nutrients together with the developmental expression patterns of various genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue of pig fetus during the last third of pregnancy and just after birth. At 71 and 112 days post-conception and 2 days postnatal, pairs of same-sex piglets were chosen within litters to have either a medium (MBW) or a low (LBW) weight (n=6 pairs at each stage). The results indicate that IUGR counteracts the temporal fall of DLK1 gene expression in developing adipose tissue across gestation. It also attenuates the time-dependent increase in expression levels of many genes promoting adipocyte differentiation (PPARG, CEBPA) and lipogenesis (LPL, SREBF1, FASN, FABP4). Opposite responses to IUGR were observed for the IGF system, so that IGF1 mRNA levels were lower (P<0.001) but IGF2 mRNA levels were greater in adipose tissue of LBW piglets compared with MBW piglets. The plasma insulin concentration and the mRNA levels of insulin receptor (INSR) and insulin-responsive glucose transporter (GLUT4) in adipose tissue were also greater in LBW piglets at day 2 postnatal. The data indicate that IUGR delays the normal ontogeny of adipose tissue across gestation and affects the insulin and IGF axes around birth.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France; AgrocampusOuest, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35000 Rennes, France. Electronic address: florence.gondret@rennes.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gondret
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Père
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tacher
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daré
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trefeu
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Le Huërou-Luron
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Louveau
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000378:metabolism*; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II
keywords: Adipocyte differentiation; Gene expression; IGF; IUGR; Insulin; Intra-uterine growth retardation; LBW; MBW; Pig; SCAT; days post-conception; days post-natal; dpc; dpn; intra-uterine growth retardation; low body weight; medium body weight; subcutaneous adipose tissue