title: The effect of ambient illumination on handheld display image quality.
abstract: Handheld devices such as smartphones and tablets are becoming useful in the medical field, as they allow physicians, radiologists, and researchers to analyze images with the benefit of mobile accessibility. However, for handheld devices to be effective, the display must be able to perform well in a wide range of ambient illumination conditions. We conducted visual experiments to quantify user performance for testing the image quality of two current-generation devices in different ambient illumination conditions while measuring ambient light levels with a real-time illuminance meter. We found and quantified that due to the high reflectivity of handheld devices, performance deteriorates as the user moves from dark areas into environments of greater ambient illumination. The quantitative analysis suggests that differences in display reflection coefficients do not affect the low illumination performance of the device but rather the performance at higher levels of illumination.
authors.affiliation: Division of Imaging and Applied Mathematics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, FDA, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fahad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zafar
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badano
mesh_terms: D034201:Computers, Handheld / Q000592:standards*; D003626:Data Display / Q000592:standards*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008029:Lighting / Q000379:methods*; D011871:Radiology / Q000379:methods*; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*