title: Modulation of corticomotor excitability after maximal or sustainable-rate repetitive finger movement is impaired in Parkinson's disease and is reversed by levodopa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In healthy subjects, fatiguing exercises induce a period of post-exercise corticomotor depression (PECD) that is absent in Parkinson's disease (PD). Our objective is to determine the time-course of corticomotor excitability changes following a 10-s repetitive index finger flexion-extension task performed at maximal voluntary rate (MVR) and a slower sustainable rate (MSR) in PD patients OFF and ON levodopa.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 11 PD patients and 10 healthy age-matched controls, motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from the extensor indicis proprius (EIP) and first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscles of the dominant arm immediately after the two tasks and at 2-min intervals for 10 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the OFF condition the PECD was absent in the two test muscles after both the MVR and MSR tasks. In the ON condition finger movement kinematics improved and a period of PECD comparable to that in controls was present after both tasks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The absence of PECD in PD subjects off medication indicates a persisting increase in corticomotor excitability after non-fatiguing repetitive finger movement that is reversed by levodopa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dopamine depletion is associated with impaired modulation of corticomotor excitability after non-fatiguing repetitive finger movement.
authors.affiliation: Australian Neuro-Muscular Research Institute, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Wei-Peng
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Teo
authors.affiliation: Australian Neuro-Muscular Research Institute, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Julian P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Australian Neuro-Muscular Research Institute, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Frank L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Mastaglia
authors.affiliation: Australian Neuro-Muscular Research Institute, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: gary.thickbroom@anri.uwa.edu.au.
authors.forename: Gary W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Thickbroom
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004298:Dopamine / Q000172:deficiency; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D007980:Levodopa; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Corticomotor excitability; Finger flexion–extension; Levodopa response; Parkinson’ disease; Post-exercise corticomotor depression