title: Sirtuins in neurodegenerative diseases: an update on potential mechanisms.
abstract: Silent information regulator 2 proteins (sirtuins or SIRTs) are a group of deacetylases (or deacylases) whose activities are dependent on and regulated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)). Compelling evidence supports that sirtuins play major roles in many aspects of physiology, especially in pathways related to aging - the predominant and unifying risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of sirtuins in neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on protein homeostasis, neural plasticity, mitochondrial function, and sustained chronic inflammation. We will also examine the potential and challenges of targeting sirtuin pathways to block these pathogenic pathways.
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California at San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA ; Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Sang-Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Seo-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Raymond A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gan
keywords: NF-κB; SIRT1; amyloid-β; epigenetic regulation; inflammation; mitochondria; neurodegeneration; tau