title: Antibody-dependent enhancement of PRRSV infection down-modulates TNF-α and IFN-β transcription in macrophages.
abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an infectious disease, resulting in important economic losses in pig farming. Previous studies have shown that Fcγ receptor (FcγR)-mediated entry of infectious PRRSV immune complexes into macrophages plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the disease. This study demonstrates that PRRSV was able to suppress the transcription of key antiviral genes tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-β (IFN-β), when infection was via the ADE pathway. Investigation of this infection pathway found that PRRSV suppresses the antiviral genes by disrupting the transcription of the genes coding for the associated transcription factors interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF-3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). The ADE pathway of infection allows PRRSV to specifically target antiviral genes and alters the innate intracellular immune responses in macrophages. The ADE mechanism described in this study furthers our understanding of pathogenesis following PRRSV infection and is of general relevance to virally induced disease and in relation to antiviral vaccination strategies.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
authors.forename: Dengke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Songlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Yinbiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mingyang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xibao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Juiqing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Gaiping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019067:Antibody-Dependent Enhancement / Q000276:immunology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D013552:Swine; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016899:Interferon-beta
keywords: Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE); Down-modulate; FcγRIIb; Interferon; Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)