title: Bauhinia variegata leaf extracts exhibit considerable antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.
abstract: The present study reports the phytochemical profiling, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of Bauhinia variegata leaf extracts. The reducing sugar, anthraquinone, and saponins were observed in polar extracts, while terpenoids and alkaloids were present in nonpolar and ethanol extracts. Total flavonoid contents in various extracts were found in the range of 11-222.67 mg QE/g. In disc diffusion assays, petroleum ether and chloroform fractions exhibited considerable inhibition against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Several other extracts also showed antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains of E. coli, Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of potential extracts were found between 3.5 and 28.40 mg/mL. The lowest MBC (3.5 mg/mL) was recorded for ethanol extract against Pseudomonas spp. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was compared with standard antioxidants. Dose dependent response was observed in reducing power of extracts. Polar extracts demonstrated appreciable metal ion chelating activity at lower concentrations (10-40 μg/mL). Many extracts showed significant antioxidant response in beta carotene bleaching assay. AQ fraction of B. variegata showed pronounced cytotoxic effect against DU-145, HOP-62, IGR-OV-1, MCF-7, and THP-1 human cancer cell lines with 90-99% cell growth inhibitory activity. Ethyl acetate fraction also produced considerable cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and THP-1 cell lines. The study demonstrates notable antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities in B. variegata leaf extracts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
authors.forename: Amita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Amit Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Shashank
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Ajit K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: Abhay K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pandey
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D036481:Bauhinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010936:Plant Extracts