title: Brewers' spent grain (BSG) protein hydrolysates decrease hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress and concanavalin-A (con-A) stimulated IFN-γ production in cell culture.
abstract: The present study investigated the bioactivity of protein hydrolysates and fractionated hydrolysates prepared from brewers' spent grain (BSG) using proteases, including Alcalase 2.4L, Flavourzyme and Corolase PP. Hydrolysates were designated K-Y, including fractionated hydrolysates with molecular weight (m.w.) < 3, <5 and >5 kDa. Where computable, IC50 values were lower in U937 (1.38-9.78%) than Jurkat T cells (1.15-13.82%). Hydrolysates L, Q and R and fractionated hydrolysates of U and W (<3, <5, >5 kDa) significantly (P < 0.01) protected against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced reduction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. A fractionated hydrolysate of W (<5 kDa) protected against H2O2-induced DNA damage, P < 0.01. Hydrolysates K, N, P, U, U > 5 kDa, V, V > 5 kDa, W, W > 5 kDa significantly (P < 0.05) reduced a concanavlin-A (con-A) stimulated production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ). In conclusion, BSG protein hydrolysates demonstrate bioactivity in vitro; lower m.w. hydrolysates (<3, <5 kDa) show greatest antioxidant activity and unfractionated or higher m.w. hydrolysates (>5 kDa) possess anti-inflammatory effects.
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland. nob@ucc.ie.
authors.forename: Aoife L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Yvonne C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: O'Callaghan
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.forename: Charles O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Piggott
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: FitzGerald
authors.forename: Nora M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002477:Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000378:metabolism*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020298:U937 Cells; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D014866:Waste Products; D003208:Concanavalin A; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide