title: Antioxidant and anticlastogenic capacity of prickly pear juice.
abstract: Plants belonging to the genus Opuntia spp. are the most abundant of the Cactaceae family, grown throughout America and the Mediterranean central area. Its fruit, known as cactus pear or prickly pear, is an oval berry grouped in different colors. Some studies have shown its antioxidant activities which may help in preventing chronic pathologies such as diabetes. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of three varieties of prickly pear juice (red-purple, white-green and yellow-orange) in five different concentrations (100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg/mL) by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) colorimetric method, selecting the best variety to determine its anticlastogenic potential against methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). The results indicate that the highest antioxidant was found in the juice of the prickly pear red-purple variety (PPRP), in all concentrations. Its anticlastogenic potential was therefore evaluated with a micronucleus assay. The experiment was run over two weeks. A negative control was included along with a positive control with MMS (40 mg/kg), a group of mice treated with PPRP (25 mL/kg), and three groups with PPRP (in doses of 25, 16.5 and 8.3 mL/kg) plus the mutagen. The PPRP was administered daily by oral gavage and the MMS was injected intraperitoneally five days prior to the end of the experiment. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in order to determine the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPE). The results indicated that PPRP is not a genotoxic agent, on the contrary, it may reduce the number of MNPE. In this regard, the PPRP showed an anticlastogenic effect directly proportional to its concentrations. Thus, the highest protection was obtained with a concentration of 25 mL/kg after 48 h of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, IPN, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, México D.F. 11340, Mexico. alejandra.ceruelos@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Madrigal-Santillán
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García-Melo
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Morales-González
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Alvarado
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Juárez
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zuñiga-Pérez
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Sumaya-Martínez
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Madrigal-Bujaidar
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernández-Ceruelos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001628:Beverages; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004912:Erythrocytes; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D029747:Opuntia / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts