title: Deportation history among HIV-positive Latinos in two US-Mexico border communities.
abstract: Health-related vulnerabilities associated with deportation are understudied. We conducted a cross-sectional study to identify factors associated with history of deportation from the US to Mexico among HIV-positive Latinos. From 2009 to 2010, we recruited a convenience sample from HIV clinics in San Diego, US and Tijuana, Mexico. Of 283 participants, 25% reported a prior deportation. Factors independently associated with increased odds of deportation history were being male [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.77; 95% CI 1.18-6.48], having ≤high-school education (AOR 3.87; 95% CI 1.84-8.14), ever using cocaine (AOR 2.46; 95% CI 1.33-4.57), and reporting personalized HIV-stigma: "some have told me HIV is what I deserve for how I lived" (AOR 2.23; 95% CI 1.14-4.37). Lower self-reported antiretroviral medication adherence (AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.12-0.96) and perceiving HIV-stigma: "most people believe a person who has HIV is dirty" (AOR 0.49; 95% CI 0.25-0.94) were associated with decreased odds of deportation history. Deportation is associated with specific socioeconomic indicators that are known to impact the health of individuals living with HIV.
authors.affiliation: Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Fátima A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: Argentina E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Servin
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Garfein
authors.forename: Victoria D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Ojeda
authors.forename: Gudelia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rangel
authors.forename: María Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Zúñiga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D004641:Emigration and Immigration / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D011329:Prisoners / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012307:Risk Factors; D057545:Social Stigma; D014481:United States