title: [Gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factors and their receptors in different variants of the course of multiple myeloma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the significance of the angiogenic activity estimated from the gene expression of the vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D and their receptors VEGFR1, VEGFRls, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3 in the mononuclear cell fraction of bone marrow (BM) aspirates with tumor plasma cells predominating in different variants of the course of multiple myeloma (MM).
  
  
  METHODS
  The gene expression of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D and their receptors VEGFRI, VEGFRls, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3 was determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, as well as VEGFR1, VEGFRls, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3 were expressed showing different intensities in the mononuclear cell fraction of BM aspirates with a predominance of tumor plasma cells in the patients with MM, which allowed patient groups to be identified. In the group of high gene expression of VEGFs and their receptors, the number of clusters of plasma cells and vascular endothelium in the BM aspirates and the degree of osteolysis in the skeletal bones of patients with MM were significantly higher than those in the group of low or absent gene expression. The survival in the latter group was significantly higher.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The investigation could provide an estimate of angiogenic processes in MM and establish their association with clinical manifestations and cytological characteristics.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Golenkov
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Buravtsova
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Dudina
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Lutskaia
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Mitina
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Kataeva
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Karamysheva
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kakpakova
authors.forename: Iu A
authors.initials: IuA
authors.lastname: Sablina
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Stavrovskaia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor