title: Hyaluronic acid-coated bovine serum albumin nanoparticles loaded with brucine as selective nanovectors for intra-articular injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the potential of hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSANPs) as a novel chondrocyte-targeting drug-delivery nanomedicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  The HA-BSANPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. Fluorescence imaging was used to visualize the distribution of nanoparticles after intra-articular injection. The chondrocyte-targeting efficiency and cellular uptake mechanism of HA-BSANPs were investigated using endocytic inhibitors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HA-BSANPs were successfully prepared with HA coating the surface and amorphous drug in the core. Compared with BSANPs, HA-BSANPs exhibited improved uptake by chondrocytes through a receptor-mediated active uptake mechanism. The endocytosis process of BSANPs and HA-BSANPs involved clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and macropinocytosis. No apparent thickening or hyperplasia of the synovium was observed in either BSANPs or HA-BSANPs. The HA-BSANPs could reside in the articular cavity of rats for more than 14 days, which was significantly longer than BSANPs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HA-BSANPs are a promising carrier for articular-related diseases due to elongated articular residence and improved chondrocytic accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhipeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jinhuo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Baochang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007596:Joints / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011817:Rabbits; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry*; D013331:Strychnine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D053769:Nanocapsules; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; C083806:brucine; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D013331:Strychnine
keywords: BSA; chondrocyte; hyaluronic acid; intra-articular injection; nanoparticles