title: Physicochemical differences between sorghum starch and sorghum flour modified by heat-moisture treatment.
abstract: Sorghum starch and sorghum flour were modified by heat-moisture treatment (HMT) at two different moisture contents, 20% and 25%. The result showed that solubility and swelling power of modified samples decreased. In addition, the pasting viscosities of most modified samples were lower than that of native samples. The onset, peak and conclusion temperatures of gelatinization, and the enthalpy of samples modified by HMT increased. The crystallinity of the modified samples was higher than that of control samples. HMT had a far greater effect on the solubility, swelling power, setback viscosity, through viscosity, enthalpy and crystallinity of sorghum flour than of sorghum starch. On the granules surface there were more holes for the HMT starches than for HMT flours. The microstructure of HMT sorghum starch gel had a more orderly and smaller holey structure. The sorghum flour gel had originally a crackled structure, but after the HMT treatment, it had many ordered and small holes.
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China. Electronic address: phdsun@163.com.
authors.forename: Qingjie
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhongjie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiong
mesh_terms: D000688:Amylose / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002681:China; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis*; D005511:Food Handling; D005782:Gels; D006244:Hardness; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007700:Kinetics; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D012995:Solubility; D045868:Sorghum / Q000737:chemistry*; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013499:Surface Properties; D014783:Viscosity; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D014867:Water; D013213:Starch; D000688:Amylose
keywords: 20% content moisture HMT; 25% content moisture HMT; AAC; AC; DSC; FV; HMT; HMT-20; HMT-25; Heat-moisture treatment; IAC; PT; PV; Physicochemical properties; RVA; SAC; SB; SF; SOL; SP; SS; Sorghum flour; Sorghum starch; T(c); T(c)–T(o); T(o); T(p); TV; amylose content; apparent amylose content; conclusion temperature; differential scanning calorimetry; enthalpy of gelatinization; final viscosity; heat moisture treatment; insoluble amylose content; onset temperature; pasting temperature; peak temperature; peak viscosity; rapid visco analyser; setback viscosity; solubility; soluble amylose content; sorghum flour; sorghum starch; swelling power; the range of gelatinization temperature; trough viscosity; ΔH