title: Real-time investigation of protein unfolding at an air-water interface at the 1 s time scale.
abstract: Protein unfolding at an air-water interface has been demonstrated such that the X-ray reflectivity can be measured with an acquisition time of 1 s using a recently developed simultaneous multiple-angle-wavelength-dispersive X-ray reflectometer. This has enabled the electron density profile of the adsorbed protein molecules to be obtained in real time. A globular protein, lysozyme, adsorbed at the air-water interface is found to unfold into a flat shape within 1 s.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka City, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Yohko F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Etsuo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Voegeli
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsushita
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000388:Air; D009113:Muramidase / Q000737:chemistry; D058767:Protein Unfolding; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D009113:Muramidase
keywords: X-ray reflectivity; air–water interface; protein unfolding; time-resolved measurements