title: Bacterial community compositions of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) seeds and plant growth promoting activity of ACC deaminase producing Bacillus subtilis (HYT-12-1) on tomato seedlings.
abstract: Study of endophytic bacteria within plant seeds is very essential and meaningful on account of their heritability and versatility. This study investigated Bacillus bacterial communities within the seeds of four commercial tomato varieties, by 16S rRNA gene PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the 22 representative isolates belonged to five species of genus Bacillus and the bacterial compositions showed remarkable differences among tomato varieties. Isolates exhibited multiple plant growth promoting (PGP) traits: 37 % of indole-3-acetic acid production; 37 % of phosphate solubilization; 24 % of siderophores production; 85 % of potential nitrogen fixation and 6 % of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity. Isolate HYT-12-1 was shown to have highest ACC deaminase activity (112.02 nmol α-ketobutyrate mg⁻¹ protein h⁻¹) among the five ACC deamiase producing strains. 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the isolate HYT-12-1 shared the highest sequence similarity (100 %) with B. subtilis. PGP experiments under gnotobiotic and greenhouse conditions revealed the ability of strain HYT-12-1 to enhance the growth of tomato seedlings. This is the first study to describe endophytic Bacillus communities within tomato seeds, and the results suggest that B. subtilis strain HYT-12-1 would have a great potential for industrial application as biofertilizer in the future.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Mingshuang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yejun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Men
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Shuntang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D058448:Biota; D019755:Carbon-Carbon Lyases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D063245:Plant Development; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D036226:Seedlings / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D012639:Seeds / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C033634:1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase; D019755:Carbon-Carbon Lyases