title: Monitoring of gadolinium-BOPTA uptake into the vessel wall during magnetic resonance (MR)-guided angioplasty of the peripheral arteries with a paclitaxel/gadolinium-BOPTA-coated balloon: an experimental study at 3 Tesla.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The success of paclitaxel distribution within the vessel wall during paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty to prevent restenosis cannot be monitored under X-ray guidance. The aim of this pilot study was to demonstrate the feasibility of monitoring Gadolinium-BOPTA delivery within the vessel wall during magnetic resonance (MR)-guided paclitaxel/Gadolinium-BOPTA-coated balloon angioplasty of the peripheral arteries.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 pigs (47 ± 2 kg) were investigated. All experiments were performed using a 3 Tesla MR scanner. MR-guided bilateral angioplasty of the iliac arteries was performed using a paclitaxel/MR contrast agent-coated balloon catheter. The feasibility of monitoring the delivery of Gadolinium-BOPTA to the vessel wall was assessed in 4 animals. In two additional animals, bilateral stenosis was surgically induced in the iliac arteries. Delivery of paclitaxel to the vessel wall was monitored using a 3 D T1-weighted gradient echo (GE) sequence for delineation of the vessel wall. Normalized signal intensity (SI) of the vessel wall was measured before and repeatedly after the intervention for 45 min. in all animals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Paclitaxel/gadolinium-BOPTA-coated balloon angioplasty was successfully accomplished in all iliac arteries (n = 12). In animals with stenosis MR-angiography demonstrated successful dilatation (n = 4). The normalized SI of the vessel wall on T1-weighted GE images significantly increased after the intervention in all animals with and without stenosis for more than 45 min. (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Monitoring of Gadolinium-BOPTA into the vessel wall during MR-guided coated balloon angioplasty is feasible. This is a first step towards providing a tool for the online control of homogenous drug delivery after paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Monitoring of gadolinium-BOPTA uptake into the vessel wall during MR-guided coated balloon angioplasty is feasible.• Endovascular MR-guided interventions on a 3 Tesla MR scanner are feasible.• This is a first step towards providing a tool for online control of homogenous drug delivery after paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neizel
authors.affiliation: Aachen Resonance, Aachen Resonance, Aachen.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruebben
authors.affiliation: Aachen Resonance, Aachen Resonance, Aachen.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Radiology, University Hospital Aachen.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Günther
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelm
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital Giessen.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Krombach
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008536:Meglumine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C064572:gadobenic acid; D008536:Meglumine; D017239:Paclitaxel