title: Contribution of dietary patterns to blood heavy metal concentrations in Korean adults: findings from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associations between dietary patterns and blood levels of lead and mercury in Korean adults. A total of 858 Korean adults (≥20 years) who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) V-1 2010 were included in this study. Data of biochemical measurements including blood lead and mercury levels, nutrients intakes and anthropometric measurements were acquired. 'Balanced diet', 'Grain and kimchi', and 'Alcohol and noodle' dietary patterns were derived from a factor analysis, and the subjects were divided into tertiles by each dietary pattern score. A logistic multiple regression analysis showed that the balanced diet pattern was negatively associated with blood levels of lead before and after adjustment. On the other hand, the alcohol and noodle pattern was positively associated with blood lead and mercury levels. These results indicate that the alcohol and noodle dietary pattern characterized by high alcohol consumption and lack of various foods, and the balanced dietary pattern, including vegetable, fish, meat and milk intake, was associated with the blood concentrations of heavy metals in Korean adults.
authors.affiliation: Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Ju Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yoonsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Min-Jeong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008628:Mercury / Q000097:blood; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000097:blood*; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D007854:Lead; D008628:Mercury
keywords: ALT; AST; BMI; DBP; Dietary patterns; FFQ; Heavy metals; Lead; MS; Mercury; SBP; alanine aminotransferase; aspartate aminotransferase; body mass index; diastolic blood pressure; food frequency questionnaire; gamma glutamyl transferase; metabolic syndrome; systolic blood pressure; γ-GTP