title: Effect of cashew nut shell liquid on metabolic hydrogen flow on bovine rumen fermentation.
abstract: Effect of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), a methane inhibitor, on bovine rumen fermentation was investigated through analysis of the metabolic hydrogen flow estimated from concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and methane. Three cows were fed a concentrate and hay diet without or with a CNSL-containing pellet. Two trials were conducted using CNSL pellets blended with only silica (trial 1) or with several other ingredients (trial 2). Methane production was measured in a respiration chamber system, and energy balance and nutrient digestibility were monitored. The estimated flow of metabolic hydrogen demonstrated that a part of metabolic hydrogen was used for hydrogen gas production, and a large amount of it flowed into production of methane and SCFA in both trial 1 and 2, when CNSL was administered to the bovine rumen. The results obtained by regression analyses showed that the effect of CNSL supply on methane reduction was coupled with a significant (P < 0.01) decrease of acetate and a significant (P < 0.01) increase of propionate and hydrogen gas. These findings reveal that CNSL is able to reduce methane and acetate production, and to increase hydrogen gas and propionate production in vivo.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitsumori
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Enishi
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinkai
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Kyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagashima
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D031021:Anacardium; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D011422:Propionates / Q000378:metabolism; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D011422:Propionates; D006859:Hydrogen; D008697:Methane
keywords: cashew nut shell liquid; hydrogen gas; metabolic hydrogen; methane; rumen