title: Structural characterization and bioactivity evaluation of an acidic proteoglycan extract from Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies for PTP1B inhibition and anti-diabetes.
abstract: A water-soluble PTP1B inhibitor, named FYGL-a, was fractionated for structure investigation and bioactivity evaluation. FYGL-a is an ingredient of a reported antihyperglycemia extract from Ganoderma Lucidum fruiting bodies. Composition analysis indicated that FYGL-a was a 100.2 kDa acidic proteoglycan, consisting of 85 ± 2% heteropolysaccharide chain with rhamnose, galactose, glucose, and glucuronic acid residues in a mole ratio of 1.0:3.7:3.9:2.0, and the 15 ± 2% protein moiety of FYGL-a was covalently bonded to the polysaccharide chain in O-linkage type via threonine residues. The complete sequence of FYGL-a was characterized systematically by periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation analysis, (1)H & (13)C 1D NMR, and 2D NMR (HSQC, HMBC, NOESY, COSY, & TOCSY). The chemical structure of FYGL-a was determined as following, which may play special role in the competitive inhibition of PTP1B and antihyperglycemia potency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Deng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Linqiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bingwen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D066241:Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D000596:Amino Acids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D011509:Proteoglycans; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1
keywords: Ganoderma Lucidum; polysaccharide; protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B; proteoglycan; structural characterization