title: Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria caused by an IgM-class Donath-Landsteiner antibody.
abstract: We report on a 4-year-old boy who developed paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) following the first dose of a seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. He was admitted because of dark urine after exposure to cold air. Laboratory tests indicated anemia, increased serum indirect bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase, and decreased serum haptoglobin. Donath-Landsteiner (D-L) test was positive. The D-L antibody belonged to the IgM class and exhibited anti-P specificity. Symptoms and signs subsided after supportive care without any medication. Although PCH is often associated with viral or bacterial infection and is caused by IgG-class D-L antibodies with anti-P specificity, this case was unique because a D-L antibody of the IgM class with anti-P specificity caused PCH after immunization with a pneumococcal vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Yoshida, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisako
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Motoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasutomi
authors.forename: Taihei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Miori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawakita
authors.forename: Ikue
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanizawa
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Yusei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohshima
mesh_terms: D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006457:Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D001323:Autoantibodies; C067477:Donath-Landsteiner antibody; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
keywords: Donath-Landsteiner antibody; cold hemagglutinin; paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria; pneumococcal vaccine