title: B Lymphocytes in obesity-related adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance.
abstract: Obesity-related insulin resistance is a chronic inflammatory condition that often gives rise to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Much evidence supports a role for pro-inflammatory T cells and macrophages in promoting local inflammation in tissues such as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) leading to insulin resistance. More recently, B cells have emerged as an additional critical player in orchestrating these processes. B cells infiltrate VAT and display functional and phenotypic changes in response to diet-induced obesity. B cells contribute to insulin resistance by presenting antigens to T cells, secreting inflammatory cytokines, and producing pathogenic antibodies. B cell manipulation represents a novel approach to the treatment of obesity-related insulin resistance and potentially to the prevention of T2D. This review summarizes the roles of B cells in governing VAT inflammation and the mechanisms by which these cells contribute to altered glucose homeostasis in insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Eaton Wing, 11E - 424A, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Winer
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Winer
authors.forename: Melissa H Y
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chng
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Edgar G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Engleman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*