title: Are gender-specific femoral implants for total knee arthroplasty necessary?
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gender on epiphyseal morphology and using this information to determine if an implant product line with a single width provides sufficient bone coverage for the entire population of knees being replaced. Morphology of the distal femoral epiphysis from 420 continuous knees was acquired with a surgical navigation system during primary TKA. A three-dimensional model of the distal femur was generated and used to determine the anterioposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) dimensions on 19 different virtual knee sections. Female knees had smaller AP and ML dimensions than male knees. The ML width of the distal femoral epiphysis was associated with femur length, not gender. Measurements derived from surgical navigation confirm that distal femoral epiphysis dimensions are related to femur length only independently of gender.
authors.affiliation: Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Garches, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piriou
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mabit
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal Institute at CHU Toulouse, Purpan Orthopedics and Trauma Unit, Place Baylac, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonnevialle
authors.affiliation: La Châtaigneraie Clinic, Rue de la Châtaigneraie, Beaumont, France.
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peronne
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Surgery Department, Bégin Military Hospital, Saint Mandé, France.
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Versier
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D007720:Knee Prosthesis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted
keywords: gender-specific design; knee joint anatomy; navigation; total knee arthroplasty