title: Cytokine and nitric oxide patterns in dogs immunized with LBSap vaccine, before and after experimental challenge with Leishmania chagasi plus saliva of Lutzomyia longipalpis.
abstract: In the studies presented here, dogs were vaccinated against Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi challenge infection using a preparation of Leishmania braziliensis promastigote proteins and saponin as adjuvant (LBSap). Vaccination with LBSap induced a prominent type 1 immune response that was characterized by increased levels of interleukin (IL-) 12 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) upon stimulation with soluble vaccine antigen. Importantly, results showed that this type of responsiveness was sustained after challenge infection; at day 90 and 885 after L. chagasi challenge infection, PBMCs from LBSap vaccinated dogs produced more IL-12, IFN-γ and concomitant nitric oxide (NO) when stimulated with Leishmania antigens as compared to PBMCs from respective control groups (saponin, LB- treated, or non-treated control dogs). Moreover, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β decreased in the supernatant of SLcA-stimulated PBMCs in the LBSap group at 90 days. Bone marrow parasitological analysis revealed decreased frequency of parasitism in the presence of vaccine antigen. It is concluded that vaccination of dogs with LBSap vaccine induced a long-lasting type 1 immune response against L. chagasi challenge infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucilene Aparecida
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.forename: Bruno Mendes
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Roatt
authors.forename: Rodrigo Dian de Oliveira
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Aguiar-Soares
authors.forename: Kelvinson Fernandes
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Viana
authors.forename: Ludmila Zanandreis
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Mendonça
authors.forename: Mariana Ferreira
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lanna
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silveira-Lemos
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corrêa-Oliveira
authors.forename: Olindo Assis
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Martins-Filho
authors.forename: Ricardo Toshio
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Cláudia Martins
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.forename: Alexandre Barbosa
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Rodolfo Cordeiro
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Giunchetti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000469:parasitology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007891:Leishmania / Q000276:immunology; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D054332:Leishmaniasis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000592:standards; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D016207:Cytokines; D054332:Leishmaniasis Vaccines; D009569:Nitric Oxide
keywords: Canine visceral leishmaniasis; Cytokines; Immunoprotection; Leishmania chagasi; Vaccine