title: Effects of white noise on off-task behavior and academic responding for children with ADHD.
abstract: We evaluated the effects of white noise played through headphones on off-task behavior, percentage of items completed, and percentage of items completed correctly for 3 students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Headphones plus white noise were associated with decreases in off-task behavior relative to baseline and headphones-only (no white noise) control conditions. Little change in academic responding occurred across conditions for all participants.
authors.affiliation: Central Michigan University.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bradley-Johnson
authors.forename: C Merle
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000662:Amphetamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D003913:Dextroamphetamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D000069478:Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate; D008297:Male; D009622:Noise
chemical_list: C090411:Adderall; D000662:Amphetamines; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D000069478:Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate; D003913:Dextroamphetamine
keywords: achievement; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; off-task behavior; white noise