title: Functional testing: pharyngeal pH monitoring and high-resolution manometry.
abstract: The following paper on functional testing of the pharynx includes commentaries on the use of 24-h pH-impedance testing to identify patients with nonacid reflux and the caveats associated with automatic and visual analysis; the potential diagnostic yield of ambulatory high-resolution manomentry (HRM), particularly in identifying non-cardiac chest pain and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations; the differential manometric identification of conditions facilitated by using solid swallows, and the advantages of the newly developed ResTech oropharyngeal pH probe in the detection of proximal reflux events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Savarino
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zentilin
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Savarino
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Milano and Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Scienze Mediche, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tenca
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Milano and Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Scienze Mediche, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Penagini
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: John O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Milano and Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Scienze Mediche, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bravi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Andre Hospital, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zerbib
authors.affiliation: Izmir Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Elif Saritaş
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Yüksel
mesh_terms: D002637:Chest Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017097:Electric Impedance; D050782:Esophageal pH Monitoring; D004947:Esophagus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008365:Manometry; D010614:Pharynx / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: GERD; NERD; TLESR; high-resolution manometry; swallow