title: Timing in resolution of left heart dilation according to the degree of mitral regurgitation in children with ventricular septal defect after surgical closure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Children with ventricular septal defects (VSD) can have chronic volume overload, which can result in changes of left heart echocardiographic parameters. To evaluate the changes before and after surgical closure, the children were divided into three groups according to the degree of mitral regurgitation (MR), and their echocardiographic characteristics were reviewed at serial follow-up after surgical closure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The preoperative, and one-, three-, and 12-month postoperative echocardiographic data of 40 children who underwent surgical closure of VSD were retrospectively reviewed. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD), mitral valvular characteristics, including degree of MR and mitral valve annulus, and left atrial (LA) characteristics, including volume and dimensions, were observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative LVEDV, LVEDD, LVESD, mitral valvular annulus, LA volume, and LA dimensions were significantly larger in children with MR. Additionally, there were significant decreases in LVEDV, LVEDD, LA volume, and LA dimensions at one, three, and 12 months postoperatively. The degree of MR also improved to a lower grade after surgical closure of the VSD without additional mitral valve repair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The echocardiographic parameters of left heart dilation and MR in children with VSD improved within the first year after surgical closure without additional mitral valve repair. Furthermore, in all of the patients with VSD, regardless of MR, LA dilation was reduced within three months after surgical closure of the VSD; however, LV and mitral valve annular dilatation decreased within 12 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hwa Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young Kuk
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung Hee
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kook Joo
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea. Electronic address: isjeong1201@gmail.com.
authors.forename: In Seok
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016279:Atrial Function, Left / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Children; Crianças; Defeito do septo ventricular; Dilatação do coração esquerdo; Echocardiography; Ecocardiografia; Left heart dilation; Mitral regurgitation; Regurgitação mitral; Ventricular septal defect