title: Mitigation of starch and glucose-induced postprandial glycemic excursion in rats by antioxidant-rich green-leafy vegetables' juice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Consumption of green-leafy vegetables is being advocated beneficial for type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals possibly because they are cost effective source of potent biological antioxidants. This research analyzed various phytochemicals, free radicals scavenging antioxidant potentials and starch digesting enzymes inhibitory activities in fresh juice of nine green-leafy vegetables. Furthermore, this study also investigated influence of these vegetables juice on starch and glucose induced postprandial glycemic load.
  
  
  METHODS
  Phytochemical constituents, in vitro free radicals scavenging antioxidant and enzymes inhibitory activities were evaluated applying various reported methods. Post-prandial glycemic excursion was induced in rats pretreated with vegetables juice by oral administration of starch and glucose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the leafy vegetables juice displayed potent free radicals scavenging activities. Juice of amaranthus, rumex, palak and raphanus displayed potential anti-oxidative property by reducing H2O2 induced hemolysis in rats red blood cells RBCs. Ajwain and rumex juice showed pancreatic α-amylase inhibitory activity. Alternanthera, ajwain, methi, amaranthus and sowa leaves juice displayed intestinal α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Juice of raphanus, ajwain and sowa significantly mitigated starch-induced postprandial glycemic load. Amaranthus leaves juice potently mitigated glucose-induced postprandial glycemic load and also reduced hemoglobin glycation induced by glucose in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This investigation finds that juice of leafy vegetables is potent source of biological antioxidants. In addition, juice of raphanus, ajwain and sowa leaves possess capacity to mitigate starch induced postprandial glycemic burden and amaranthus leaves' juice can reduce glucose induced postprandial glycemic excursion.
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Ashok Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Atmakuri Lakshmana
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Jyothi
authors.forename: Vasantharao Brahma
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Tejeswini
authors.forename: Kuncha
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Madhusudana
authors.forename: Domati Anand
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Amtul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zehra
authors.forename: Sachin Bharat
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Agawane
keywords: Antioxidants; enzyme inhibition; green-leafy vegetables juice; oxidative stress; postprandial hyperglycemia