title: Ultrasensitive RNA in situ hybridization for detection of restricted clonal expression of low-abundance immunoglobulin light chain mRNA in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of using a novel ultrasensitive bright-field in situ hybridization approach (BRISH) to evaluate κ and λ immunoglobulin messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in situ in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of 110 semiconsecutive clinical cases evaluated for lymphoma with historic flow cytometric (FCM) results were assessed with BRISH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BRISH light chain restriction (LCR) results were concordant with FCM in 108 (99%) of 109 evaluable cases. Additional small B-cell lymphoma cohorts were successfully evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BRISH analysis of κ and λ immunoglobulin mRNA expression is a sensitive tool for establishing LCR in B-cell NHL when FCM results are not available.
authors.affiliation: Section of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dept of Molecular Pathology LL2-2, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, 10300 Carnegie Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; TubbsR@ccf.org. Dr Ma: Advanced Cell Diagnostics, 3960 Point Eden Way, Hayward, CA 94545; XMa@acdbio.com.
authors.forename: Raymond R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Tubbs
authors.forename: Hongwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Eugen C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Minca
authors.forename: Bryce P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Portier
authors.forename: Aaron M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gruver
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lanigan
authors.forename: Yuling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Xiao-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002999:Clone Cells; D006801:Humans; D007145:Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007146:Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000379:methods; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007145:Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains; D007146:Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: B-cell clonality; B-cell lymphoma; BRISH; CISH; In situ hybridization; RNAscope