title: Nonautonomous movement of chromosomes in mitosis.
abstract: Kinetochores are the central force-generating machines that move chromosomes during cell division. It is generally assumed that kinetochores move in an autonomous manner. However, we reveal here that movements of neighboring sister-kinetochore pairs in metaphase are correlated in a distance-dependent manner. This correlation increases in the absence of kinetochore oscillations or stable end-on attachments. This suggests that periodic movements of bioriented chromosomes limit the correlated motion of nonsisters. Computer simulations show that these correlated movements can occur when elastic crosslinks are placed between the K-fibers of oscillating kinetochores. Strikingly, inhibition of the microtubule crosslinking motor kinesin-5 Eg5 leads to an increase in nonsister correlation and impairs periodic oscillations. These phenotypes are partially rescued by codepletion of the kinesin-12 Kif15, demonstrating a function for kinesin-5 and kinesin-12 motors in driving chromosome movements, possibly as part of a crosslinking structure that correlates the movements of nonsister kinetochores.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Division of Biomedical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Elina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vladimirou
authors.forename: Nunu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mchedlishvili
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gasic
authors.forename: Jonathan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Armond
authors.forename: Catarina P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Samora
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meraldi
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: McAinsh
mesh_terms: D002842:Chromatids / Q000378:metabolism; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D016547:Kinesins / Q000378:metabolism; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000378:metabolism; D008938:Mitosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C470243:KIF11 protein, human; C486567:KIF15 protein, human; D016547:Kinesins