title: Balance--a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of an online intensive self-help alcohol intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare a brief versus a brief plus intensive self-help version of 'Balance', a fully automated online alcohol intervention, on self-reported alcohol consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Participants in both conditions received an online single session screening procedure including personalized normative feedback. The control group also received an online booklet about the effects of alcohol. The treatment group received the online multi-session follow-up program, Balance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Online study in Norway.
  
  
  METHODS
  At-risk drinkers were recruited by internet advertisements and assigned randomly to one of the two conditions (n = 244).
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome was self-reported alcohol consumption the previous week measured 6 months after screening.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regression analysis, using baseline carried forward imputation (intent-to-treat), with baseline variables as covariates, showed that intervention significantly affected alcohol consumption at 6 months (B = 2.96; 95% confidence interval = 0.02-5.90; P = 0.049). Participants in the intensive self-help group drank an average of three fewer standard alcohol units compared with participants in the brief self-help group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The online Balance intervention, added to a brief online screening intervention, may aid reduction in alcohol consumption compared with the screening intervention and an educational booklet.
authors.affiliation: SERAF-Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Håvar
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brendryen
authors.forename: Ingunn Olea
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: Ayna Beate
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riksheim
authors.forename: Sverre
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nesvåg
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Duckert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control*; D040421:Cell Phone; D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D010174:Pamphlets; D019114:Remote Consultation / Q000379:methods; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D012657:Self-Help Groups; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Behaviour change intervention; early intervention; harmful drinking; hazardous drinking; mobile telephone text messages