title: Chilean flour and wheat grain: tracing their origin using near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics.
abstract: Instrumental techniques such a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) are used in industry to monitor and establish product composition and quality. As occurs with other food industries, the Chilean flour industry needs simple, rapid techniques to objectively assess the origin of different products, which is often related to their quality. In this sense, NIRS has been used in combination with chemometric methods to predict the geographic origin of wheat grain and flour samples produced in different regions of Chile. Here, the spectral data obtained with NIRS were analysed using a supervised pattern recognition method, Discriminat Partial Least Squares (DPLS). The method correctly classified 76% of the wheat grain samples and between 90% and 96% of the flour samples according to their geographic origin. The results show that NIRS, together with chemometric methods, provides a rapid tool for the classification of wheat grain and flour samples according to their geographic origin.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, C/Plaza de la Merced s/n., 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Ma Inmaculada
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: González-Martín
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wells Moncada
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González-Pérez
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zapata San Martín
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: López-González
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lobos Ortega
authors.forename: Jose-Miguel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hernández-Hierro
mesh_terms: D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D002622:Chemistry, Agricultural / Q000379:methods; D002677:Chile; D002980:Climate; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis*; D005513:Food Inspection / Q000379:methods; D063427:Food Quality; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012621:Seasons; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D013045:Species Specificity; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development
keywords: Chemometrics; Flour; Geographical origin; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Wheat