title: Mast cell degranulation promotes ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat liver.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mast cells (MCs) play a role in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in many organs. However, a recent study found that MCs are not involved in I/R injury in isolated rat livers that were perfused only for 1 h. The purpose of this study is to reevaluate the role of MCs in hepatic I/R injury in rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  A warm hepatic I/R injury model of 1 h ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion was used. MC modulation was induced via cromolyn injection or a method called MC depletion using compound 48/80. The effects of MC modulation were evaluated by toluidine blue staining and assessment of mast cell tryptase in sera. The role of MCs in I/R injury was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining graded by Suzuki criteria, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels in sera, and malondialdehyde levels in liver homogenates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  First, MC degranulation peaked after 2 h of reperfusion and liver damage peaked after approximately 6 h of reperfusion. Second, a method called MC depletion previously used in the skin with repeated injections of compound 48/80 worked similarly in the hepatic setting. Third, stabilization of MCs with cromolyn or depletion of MCs with compound 48/80 each decreased hepatic I/R injury. The most noticeable effects of cromolyn and compound 48/80 treatment were observed after approximately 6 h of reperfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MC degranulation promotes hepatic I/R injury in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Mu-qing
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yuan-yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Shao-fu
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Long-hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ji-yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology*; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium
keywords: Compound 48/80; Cromolyn; Degranulation; Ischemia–reperfusion injury; Mast cell