title: Oral inflammation, a role for antimicrobial peptide modulation of cytokine and chemokine responses.
abstract: Acute and chronic inflammation commonly occurs throughout the oral cavity. The most common causes are physical damage and microbial infections, and less frequently immune reactions and malignant changes. All of these processes result in the induction of antimicrobial peptides, chemokines and cytokines that lead to cellular infiltrates, a vascular response, tissue destruction and cellular proliferation. A fascinating concept developing in the current literature suggests that antimicrobial peptides modulate the production of chemokines, cytokines and other cellular mediators and that this may have a larger ramification as an underlying mechanism mediating inflammation. Here, we propose that the ability of antimicrobial peptides to induce chemokines and anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory cytokines plays an important role in the early events of oral inflammation and may be a target for the prevention or treatment of oral inflammatory conditions.
authors.affiliation: Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, N423 DSB, 801 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Brogden
authors.forename: Georgia K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Steven D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Taher
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abbasi
authors.forename: Shireen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vali
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D009055:Mouth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011485:Protein Binding; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D007781:Lactoferrin