title: Glistening in glaucomatous eyes: visual performances and risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse risk factors and visual performances of glaucomatous eyes with glistening in the intra-ocular lens (IOL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study performed between November 2010 and April 2011 and involving 67 consecutive glaucomatous eyes (47 patients), who previously had a phacoemulsification with a hydrophobic acrylic IOL implanted in the capsular bag. Glistening was classified in three groups of severity grade: G0 (<50 microvacuoles per mm(2) ), G1 (50-150 microvacuoles per mm(2) ), and G2 (>150 microvacuoles per mm(2) ). All eyes underwent a best-corrected visual acuity evaluation (BCVA, LogMAR scale), a complete clinical examination, a visual field test, a contrast sensitivity evaluation and a wavefront analysis of high-order aberrations (HOAs) using a Shack-Hartmann aberrometer. Eyes with a posterior capsular opacification and a BCVA>0.30 LogMAR were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty six eyes (38.8%) had a grade 0, 12 eyes (17.9%) a grade 1 and 29 eyes (43.3%) a grade 2 of glistening severity grade. The mean follow-up after cataract surgery was 35.2 ± 24.2 months and was significantly higher for G1 and G2 groups (p < 0.001). A higher number of topical glaucoma medication were associated with a higher glistening severity grade (p < 0.05). G1 and G2 groups had significantly lower mean contrast sensitivity values at high spatial frequencies and significantly higher loss variance (LV) values of the visual field test (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in mean BCVA between groups (p = 0.455).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In glaucomatous eyes, glistening increased with time was associated with the number of topical glaucoma medications daily instilled and altered visual performances. It should be a consideration for glaucoma patients who are more likely to develop glistening within the IOL optic.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital Pellegrin, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Cedric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schweitzer
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Orignac
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Praud
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chatoux
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Colin
mesh_terms: D057128:Aberrometry; D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology; D057108:Corneal Wavefront Aberration / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D019466:Glare; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014617:Vacuoles; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins
keywords: glaucoma; glistening; hydrophobic acrylic material; intra-ocular lens; visual field