title: Nutrition and nutraceutical supplements for the treatment of hypertension: part III.
abstract: Vascular biology, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle, and cardiac dysfunction play a primary role in the initiation and perpetuation of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and target organ damage. Nutrient-gene interactions and epigenetics are predominant factors in promoting beneficial or detrimental effects in cardiovascular health and hypertension. Macronutrients and micronutrients can prevent, control, and treat hypertension through numerous mechanisms related to vascular biology. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and autoimmune dysfunction initiate and propagate hypertension and cardiovascular disease. There is a role for the selected use of single and component nutraceutical supplements, vitamins, antioxidants, and minerals in the treatment of hypertension based on scientifically controlled studies that complement optimal nutrition, coupled with other lifestyle modifications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Hypertension Institute of Nashville, Saint Thomas Medical Group and Health Services, Saint Thomas Hospital, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Houston
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D044623:Nutrition Therapy; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents