title: Elicitation of induced resistance against Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pseudomonas syringae by specific individual compounds derived from native Korean plant species.
abstract: Plants have developed general and specific defense mechanisms for protection against various enemies. Among the general defenses, induced resistance has distinct characteristics, such as broad-spectrum resistance and long-lasting effectiveness. This study evaluated over 500 specific chemical compounds derived from native Korean plant species to determine whether they triggered induced resistance against Pectobacterium carotovorum supsp. carotovorum (Pcc) in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) in Arabidopsis thaliana. To select target compound(s) with direct and indirect (volatile) effects, a new Petri-dish-based in vitro disease assay system with four compartments was developed. The screening assay showed that capsaicin, fisetin hydrate, jaceosidin, and farnesiferol A reduced the disease severity significantly in tobacco. Of these four compounds, capsaicin and jaceosidin induced resistance against Pcc and Pst, which depended on both salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling, using Arabidopsis transgenic and mutant lines, including npr1 and NahG for SA signaling and jar1 for JA signaling. The upregulation of the PR2 and PDF1.2 genes after Pst challenge with capsaicin pre-treatment indicated that SA and JA signaling were primed. These results demonstrate that capsaicin and jaceosidin can be effective triggers of strong induced resistance against both necrotrophic and biotrophic plant pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Superbacteria Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Korea. cmryu@kribb.re.kr.
authors.forename: Geun Cheol
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Shi Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Young Sup
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jung Sup
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Choong-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ryu
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D044948:Flavonols; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D016973:Pectobacterium carotovorum / Q000502:physiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae / Q000502:physiology*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005419:Flavonoids; D044948:Flavonols; D054883:Oxylipins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C477508:jaceosidin; C011006:jasmonic acid; C579605:farnesiferol A; D020156:Salicylic Acid; C017875:fisetin; D002211:Capsaicin