title: Hydrolysates of glycated and heat-treated peanut 7S globulin (Ara h 1) modulate human gut microbial proliferation, survival and adhesion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of an effect of glycation of Ara h 1 on proliferation and survival rate and adhesion of intestinal Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus acidophilus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pure Ara h 1 heated at three different temperature conditions (G37, G60 and C145°C) in the presence or absence of glucose was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. Impacts of Ara h 1 hydrolysates on the bacterial proliferation, survival rate and adhesion to Caco-2 cells in mono and heterogeneous cultures were studied with fluorescent techniques: DAPI, LIVE/DEAD staining and FISH. Examined hydrolysates hindered proliferation of E. coli and Ent. faecalis with simultaneous decrease in their survival. Maillard reaction (MR, glycation) of Ara h 1 did not alter the effect of hydrolysates on bacterial proliferation rate. Hydrolysates modified at 60 and 145°C with glucose altered the profile of immobilized bacteria, mostly by lowering the number of adhering E. coli and promoting the adhesion of bacteria from genera Lactobacillus and Enterococcus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ara h1 hydrolysates processed in various ways demonstrated their strong modulatory effect on bacterial proliferation, survival rate and adhesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reducing the adhesion of opportunistic bacteria by hydrolysates of Ara h 1 glycated at 60 and 145°C, together with modulation of immobilization of beneficial lactobacilli and enterococci, may be of relevance in terms of the physiological status of the intestinal barrier.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.|Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teodorowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Świątecka
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Savelkoul
authors.affiliation: Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wichers
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kostyra
mesh_terms: D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000378:metabolism*; D010367:Arachis / Q000737:chemistry*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D005916:Globulins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006031:Glycosylation; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D052179:Antigens, Plant; C500889:Ara h 1 protein, Arachis hypogaea; D005916:Globulins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Ara h1; Maillard reaction; bacterial adhesion; bacterial proliferation rate; bacterial survival rate; intestinal bacteria; peanut allergy