title: Facial skin and soft tissue infection caused by Mycobacterium wolinskyi associated with cosmetic procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mycobacteirum wolinskyi is a member of the Mycobacterium smegmatis group, which is less frequently found in clinical settings than other nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) species. However, its clinical significance has recently increased in opportunistic infections. This case is the first report of facial skin and soft tissue infection by M. wolinskyi complicating cosmetic procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 56-year-old Asian female patient with a history of receiving multiple facial cosmetic procedures over the preceding 2 years was admitted to our institution with swelling, local pain, and erythema on the right cheek. Mycobacteirum fortuitum complex isolated from a pus culture was identified as M. wolinskyi by rpoB sequencing. Metallic foreign bodies and abscess were detected by radiologic imaging. The pus was incised and drained. Treatment comprised clarithromycin (500 mg every 12 h), amikacin (200 mg every 8 h), and ciprofloxacin (400 mg every 6 h).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report the first case of facial skin and soft tissue infection with M. wolinskyi after multiple cosmetic procedures of filler injection and laser lipolysis. Increased occurrence of NTM infection in nosocomial settings suggests the importance of appropriate treatment including culturing and rpoB gene sequencing when patients who have undergone cosmetic procedures display symptoms and signs of soft tissue infection indicative of NTM infection.
authors.forename: Seung Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Keun Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung-No
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju-si, Jeju, South Korea. neosangtaek@naver.com.
authors.forename: Sang Taek
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Heo
mesh_terms: D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000382:microbiology*; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology*; D018461:Soft Tissue Infections / Q000382:microbiology*