title: Synthesis of nanobioconjugates with a controlled average number of biomolecules between 1 and 100 per nanoparticle and observation of multivalency dependent interaction with proteins and cells.
abstract: Multivalency of nanoparticle and associated cooperative binding with biological interface is an important aspect in the development of nanoparticle based bioimaging probes. However, the preparation of such a nanobioconjugate with a controlled number of biomolecules per nanoparticle, typically between 1 and 100, is challenging. Here we report a generalized two-step bioconjugation method to prepare nanobioconjugates with a varied average number of biomolecules between 1 to 100 per nanoparticle that can be applied to different nanoparticles and biomolecules. Following this approach we have successfully synthesized quantum dot (QD) based bioconjugates with controlled average numbers of glucose or folate and found their number-dependent interaction with proteins and cells. We propose a method for exploiting the nanoparticle multivalency effect toward various biological interactions and preparing such nanobioconjugates for best performance.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Advanced Materials, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata-700032, India.
authors.forename: Arindam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Basiruddin
authors.forename: Amit Ranjan
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Maity
authors.forename: Nikhil R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Jana
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry; D001692:Biological Transport; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D005998:Glycine / Q000737:chemistry; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D011485:Protein Binding; D045663:Quantum Dots
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D006023:Glycoproteins; D005492:Folic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D005998:Glycine