title: Comparison of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental pulp, bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord tissue by gene expression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aims were to characterize human mesenchymal stem cells isolated from various tissues by pluripotent stem cells gene expression profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four strains of dental pulp stem cells (DP-MSCs) were isolated from dental pulp tissue fragments adhered to plastic tissue culture dishes. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord tissue (UBC-MSCs) were isolated with the same technique. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were isolated from nucleated cells of bone marrow obtained by density gradient centrifugation. Human mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) were isolated by collagenase digestion. All kinds of MSCs used in this study were cultivated in low glucose DMEM containing 5% or human platelet extract. All stem cell manipulation was performed in GMP conditions. Expression of 15 pluripotent stem cells genes on the level of proteins was measured by Proteome Profiler Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Array. Induction of MSCs to in vitro differentiation to adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts was achieved by cultivation of cells in appropriate differentiation medium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All MSCs tested were phenotypically similar and of fibroblastoid morphology. DP-MSCs and UBC-MSCs were more proliferative than bone marrow BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs. Protein expression of 15 genes typical for pluripotent stem cells distinguished them into two groups. While the gene expression profiles of BM-MSC, AT-MSCs and UBC-MSCs were similar, DP-MSCS differed in relative gene expression on the level of their products in several genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells cultivated in vitro under the same conditions as MSCs from bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord tissue can be distinguished by pluripotent stem cell gene expression profile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stanko
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaiserova
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Altanerova
authors.forename: Cestmir
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Altaner
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010641:Phenotype; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology*