title: Neurogenic [corrected] and oropharyngeal dysphagia.
abstract: Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is a swallowing disorder caused by congenital abnormalities and structural damage and disease-associated damage of the oral cavity, pharynx, and upper esophageal sphincter. Patients with OD lack the protective mechanisms necessary for effective swallowing, exhibiting difficulty controlling food in the mouth and initiating a swallow, leading to choking, coughing, and nasal regurgitation. OD is a major risk factor for malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia. The following on OD includes commentaries on the application of simulation of oropharyngeal transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and maneuvers like the Shaker exercise to improve the safety and efficacy of swallow in OD patients; the prevalence of esophageal pathologies in OD patients and the need to evaluate the esophagus, esophagogastric junction, and stomach; and strategies for clinical screening to detect OD and aspiration among high-risk patients and to improve oral health care, maintain nutrition and hydration, and prevent aspiration pneumonia.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepaticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Laia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rofes
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Physiology Lab, Hospital de Mataró, Mataró, Spain.
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clavé
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scharitzer
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pokieser
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Proves funcionals Digestives, Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vilardell
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Proves funcionals Digestives, Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ortega
mesh_terms: D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C494482:TRPV1 protein, human
keywords: FEES; TRPV1; oral health care; oropharyngeal dysphagia; swallow