title: The relationship between early atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetic patients as evidenced by measurement of carotid intima-media thickness and soluble CD146 levels: a cross sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Detection of early vascular changes prior to clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis, such as increased arterial carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and impaired endothelial function is of paramount importance for early identification of subjects at increased risk of accelerated atherosclerosis. The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between early atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetic patients based on measurements of CIMT and soluble CD146 (sCD146) levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven patients with type 1 diabetes, 14 males (37.8%) and 23 females (62.2%), of mean (SD) age 26.2 (4.1) years admitted to the outpatient diabetes clinic at Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, between January 2008 and December 2012, and 37 healthy controls, 16 males (43.2%) and 21 females (56.8%), of mean (SD) age 25.8 (3.1) years, selected from relatives of patients, were included. Anthropometric measures; fasting plasma glucose; and serum HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and creatinine concentrations were compared, as were CIMT and serum sCD146.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (SD) sCD146 levels were significantly higher in patients than in controls (314.6 (141.9) ng/ml vs. 207.8 (34.5) ng/ml, p = 0.001), but mean (SD) CIMT did not differ (0.5 (0.1) mm vs. 0.4 (0.1) mm). ROC curves for sCD146 significantly differed in differentiating type 1 diabetics from healthy controls (p = 0.0047) with a significantly higher percentage of patients than controls having sCD146 levels >260 ng/ml (21/37 (56.8%) vs. 2/37 (5.4%), p = 0.00011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings emphasize that sCD146 levels may be a more sensitive marker than CIMT for earlier identification of type 1 diabetic patients at high risk for atherosclerosis.
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ciftci Dogansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine Clinic, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. aysenhelvaci@superonline.com.
authors.forename: Aysen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Helvaci
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adas
authors.forename: Suzan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deniz Onal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D001786:Blood Glucose; D051929:CD146 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012372:ROC Curve; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D051929:CD146 Antigen; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D003404:Creatinine; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D014280:Triglycerides; C497902:MCAM protein, human; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human