title: Effect of stearidonic acid-enriched soybean oil on fatty acid profile and metabolic parameters in lean and obese Zucker rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Consumption of marine-based oils high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is known to protect against obesity-related pathologies. It is less clear whether traditional vegetable oils with high omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n6PUFA) content exhibit similar therapeutic benefits. As such, this study examined the metabolic effects of a plant-based n3PUFA, stearidonic acid (SDA), in polygenic obese rodents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lean (LZR) and obese Zucker (OZR) rats were provided either a standard westernized control diet (CON) with a high n6PUFA to n3PUFA ratio (i.e., 16.2/1.0) or experimental diet modified with flaxseed (FLAX), menhaden (FISH), or SDA oil that resulted in n6PUFA to n3PUFA ratios of 1.7/1.0, 1.3/1.0, and 1.0/0.8, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 12 weeks, total adiposity, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis were all greater, whereas n3PUFA content in liver, adipose, and muscle was lower in OZR vs. LZR rats. Obese rodents fed modified FISH or SDA diets had lower serum lipids and hepatic fat content vs. CON. The omega-3 index (i.e., ΣEPA + DHA in erythrocyte membrane) was 4.0, 2.4, and 2.0-fold greater in rodents provided FISH, SDA, and FLAX vs. CON diet, irrespective of genotype. Total hepatic n3PUFA and DHA was highest in rats fed FISH, whereas both hepatic and extra-hepatic EPA was higher with FISH and SDA groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that SDA oil represents a viable plant-derived source of n3PUFA, which has therapeutic implications for several obesity-related pathologies.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Banz
authors.forename: Elaine S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Krul
authors.forename: Dustie N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Butteiger
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Food & Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA. jedavis@siu.edu.
authors.forename: Jeremy E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D013024:Soybean Oil; D008043:Linseed Oil; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; C062895:stearidonic acid