title: AMP-activated protein kinase mediates insulin-like and lipo-mobilising effects of β-glucan-rich polysaccharides isolated from Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.), Singer mushroom, in 3T3-L1 cells.
abstract: Mushrooms have been used to treat various diseases for thousands of years. In the present study, the effects of Pleurotus sajor-caju mushroom on lipogenesis, lipolysis and oxidative stress in 3T3-L1 cells were investigated. The β-glucan-rich polysaccharides (GE) from P. sajor-caju stimulated lipogenesis and lipolysis but attenuated protein carbonyl and lipid hydroperoxide levels in 3T3-L1 cells. This extract caused an increase in the expression of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit γ-2 (PKRAG2) and 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit γ-3 (PKRAG3) when compared to control (untreated) cells. Moreover, GE induced the expressions of hormone-sensitive lipase, adipose triglyceride lipase enzymes, leptin, adiponectin and glucose transporter-4 in 3T3-L1 cells which may have contributed to the lipolytic and insulin-like activities observed in this study. These findings suggest that GE is a novel AMPK activator that may be valuable in the formulation of nutraceuticals and functional food for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kanagasabapathy
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: S N A
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Malek
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vikineswary
authors.forename: U R
authors.initials: UR
authors.lastname: Kuppusamy
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D020076:Pleurotus / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D011134:Polysaccharides; D047071:beta-Glucans; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Lipogenesis; Lipolysis; Oxidative stress; Pleurotus sajor-caju; Polysaccharides