title: Evaluation of the anti-infectious properties of polyester vascular prostheses functionalised with cyclodextrin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Synthetic vascular graft infection (SVGI) remains associated with high morbidity-mortality rates. Newly developed polyester vascular prostheses (PVP) functionalised with cyclodextrin (PVP-CD) allowed sustained-drug-eluting of several antibiotics. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PVP-CD loaded with antibiotics against bacteria that are commonly responsible for SVGI in current practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of PVP-CD loaded with antibiotics and uncoated-PVP were tested in-vitro for their ability to limit bacterial adhesion and prevent bacterial proliferation over time. Their anti-infectious properties were further evaluated in-vivo in a mouse model of SVGI. Both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, MRSA) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, En. cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PVP-CD loaded with rifampin showed significant bacterial adhesion reduction and growth inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria. Similar results were obtained against Gram-negative bacteria with PVP-CD loaded with ciprofloxacin. In the mouse model, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial proliferations were significantly prevented by PVP-CD loaded with rifampin or with ciprofloxacin respectively. A decrease in macroscopic infections correlated with the bacterial proliferation rates depicted on the samples (Spearman's rho = 0.61; P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have demonstrated the efficacy of PVP-CD loaded with appropriate antibiotics both in-vitro and in-vivo against six of the most common bacteria involved in human SVGI.
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U 1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Université Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France; Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Hôpital Cardiologique, CHRU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Hôpital Saint Roch, CHU de Nice, 06000 Nice France. Electronic address: jean-baptiste.e@chu-nice.fr.
authors.forename: Elixène
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jean-Baptiste
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U 1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Université Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Blanchemain
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U 995, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Université Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Christel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neut
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U 1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Université Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U 1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Université Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Mickael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maton
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; UMET, Unité des Matériaux Et Transformations, CNRS, UMR 8009, Université Lille 1, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U 1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Université Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U 1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Université Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France; Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Hôpital Cardiologique, CHRU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Stéphan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haulon
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000382:microbiology*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003505:Cyclodextrins; D011091:Polyesters
keywords: Antibiotics; Bacteria; Cyclodextrins; Drug delivery system; Vascular graft infections