title: Moderate and severe periodontitis are independent risk factors associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness in sedentary non-smoking men aged between 45 and 65 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between periodontal disease severity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in a cross-sectional study of sedentary men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two healthy men (45-65 years) who did not join any sport activity and had a preferentially sitting working position were recruited. Periodontal status was recorded and CRF was measured by peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak ) during exercise testing on a cycle ergometer. Physical activity was assessed by a validated questionnaire and data were transformed to metabolic equivalent of task scores. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to investigate associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences between VO2 peak levels in subjects with no or mild, moderate or severe periodontitis were statistically significant (p = 0.026). Individuals with low VO2 peak values showed high BMI scores, high concentrations of high-sensitive C-reactive protein, low levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and used more glucocorticoids compared to individuals with high VO2 peak levels. Multivariate regression analysis showed that high age (p = 0.090), high BMI scores (p < 0.001), low levels of physical activity (p = 0.031) and moderate (p = 0.087), respectively, severe periodontitis (p = 0.033) were significantly associated with low VO2 peak levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that moderate and severe periodontitis were independently associated with low levels of CRF in sedentary men aged between 45 and 65 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eberhard
authors.forename: Meike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stiesch
authors.forename: Arno
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kerling
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bara
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eulert
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hilfiker-Kleiner
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hilfiker
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Budde
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bauersachs
authors.forename: Momme
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kück
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haverich
authors.forename: Anette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Melk
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tegtbur
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016552:Ergometry / Q000379:methods; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000145:classification*; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: cardiorespiratory fitness; periodontitis; physical activity; risk factor; systemic health