title: Factors associated with fall-related fractures in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fall-related fracture is one of the most disabling features of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). A better understanding of the associated factors is needed to predict PD patients who will require treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study enrolled 100 adult idiopathic PD patients. Stepwise logistic regressions were used to evaluate the relationships between clinical factors and fall-related fracture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Falls occurred in 56 PD patients, including 32 with fall-related fractures. The rate of falls in the study period was 2.2 ± 1.4 per 18 months. The percentage of osteoporosis was 34% (19/56) and 11% in PD patients with and without falls, respectively. Risk factors associated with fall-related fracture were sex, underlying knee osteoarthritis, mean Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale score, mean Morse fall scale, mean Hoehn and Yahr stage, and exercise habit. By stepwise logistic regression, sex and mean Morse fall scale were independently associated with fall-related fracture. Females had an odds ratio of 3.8 compared to males and the cut-off value of the Morse fall scale for predicting fall-related fracture was 72.5 (sensitivity 72% and specificity 70%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher mean Morse fall scales (>72.5) and female sex are associated with higher risk of fall-related fractures. Preventing falls in the high-risk PD group is an important safety issue and highly relevant for their quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuei-Yueh
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Che
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Neng
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Kong
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Nai-Wen
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Chen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsueh-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lian-Hui
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ben-Chung
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Te
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kung
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Jih
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Electronic address: chlu99@ms44.url.com.tw.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsien
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Fall-related fractures; Idiopathic Parkinson's disease; Risk factors