title: Radiation-induced bystander effect: early process and rapid assessment.
abstract: Radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) is a biological process that has received attention over the past two decades. RIBE refers to a plethora of biological effects in non-irradiated cells, including induction of genetic damages, gene expression, cell transformation, proliferation and cell death, which are initiated by receiving bystander signals released from irradiated cells. RIBE brings potential hazards to normal tissues in radiotherapy, and imparts a higher risk from low-dose radiation than we previously thought. Detection with proteins related to DNA damage and repair, cell cycle control, proliferation, etc. have enabled rapid assessment of RIBE in a number of research systems such as cultured cells, three-dimensional tissue models and animal models. Accumulated experimental data have suggested that RIBE may be initiated rapidly within a time frame as short as several minutes after radiation. These have led to the requirement of techniques capable of rapidly assessing RIBE itself as well as assessing the early processes involved.
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongzhi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China.
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China.
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China. Electronic address: hanw@hfcas.cn.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D024201:Bystander Effect / Q000528:radiation effects*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000528:radiation effects; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000528:radiation effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000528:radiation effects*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000235:genetics*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000276:immunology; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods; D000071857:Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1
chemical_list: D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; C468783:H2AX protein, human; D006657:Histones; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; C498301:TP53BP1 protein, human; D000071857:Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1; C576324:ATM protein, human; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins
keywords: Early process; Radiation-induced bystander effect; Rapid assessment