title: Brevibacillus themoruber: a promising microbial cell factory for exopolysaccharide production.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to identify a high level exopolysaccharide (EPS) producer thermophile that in turn could be used as a model organism to study the biological mechanisms and whole genome organization of EPS-producing thermophilic bacteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thermophilic isolates were screened, and then growth and EPS production of the best producer Brevibacillus thermoruber strain 423 were investigated under different carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, pH and agitation rates. Rheological characterization revealed that the EPS behaved like a typical Newtonian fluid and viscosity of the EPS solution increased with increasing Ca(2+) ion concentration. Chemical characterization by TLC, GC-MS, FT-IR and NMR suggested a heteropolymer structure with glucose as major monomer unit. High biocompatibility of pure EPS fractions suggested their potential use in biomedical applications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study reports on the comprehensive description of microbial production conditions as well as chemical, rheological and biological characterization of the EPS produced by B. thermoruber strain 423. The bioreactor cultures were found to reach two times higher yields and three times higher productivities when compared with literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brevibacillus thermoruber strain 423 combined the advantages of its nonpathogenicity with the advantages of fast productivity and hence proved to be a very promising model organism and cell factory for microbial EPS production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasar Yildiz
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), CNR, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anzelmo
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.affiliation: Department of Extremophilic Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, BAS, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Radchenkova
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Genc
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), CNR, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Donato
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), CNR, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nicolaus
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toksoy Oner
authors.affiliation: Department of Extremophilic Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, BAS, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kambourova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology / Q000592:standards; D058675:Brevibacillus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002031:Bulgaria; D019556:COS Cells; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D005285:Fermentation; D045482:Hot Springs / Q000382:microbiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012212:Rheology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D014421:Turkey; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Brevibacillus thermoruber; bioproduction; exopolysaccharide; microbial; thermophiles