title: Remodelling of retinal on- and off-bipolar cells following experimental retinal detachment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To study the response of ON and OFF bipolar cells in experimental retinal detachment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Domestic cat retinas were detached for 7 days. The retinas were prepared for immunocytochemical staining with antibodies to Go alpha (α), glutamate transporter GLT-1, protein kinase C and rod opsin, which serve as markers for ON bipolar cells, OFF bipolar cells, rod bipolar cells and rod photoreceptors, respectively. Both sections and whole-mounts were labelled with antibodies to Goα and GLT-1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following 7 days of detachment, ON bipolar cell processes extended into the outer nuclear layer and had neurites extending beyond their target layer into the inner plexiform layer. In contrast, OFF bipolar cell processes were reduced in the outer plexiform layer following detachment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ON and OFF bipolar cells undergo significant remodelling of their processes in response to retinal detachment, and the ON and OFF pathways may be differentially affected. The remodelling may be due to morphological changes that have previously been shown to occur in photoreceptor synaptic terminals or as a result of loss of synaptic connections due to photoreceptor cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuneoka
authors.forename: Geoffrey P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Steven K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Fisher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002415:Cats; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D027342:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D051245:Retinal Bipolar Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017299:Rod Opsins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D027342:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; D017299:Rod Opsins; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go
keywords: bipolar cells; remodeling; retinal detachment.