title: Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-2 restructured form (MMPI-2-RF) scale score differences in bariatric surgery candidates diagnosed with binge eating disorder versus BMI-matched controls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is among the most common psychiatric disorders in bariatric surgery candidates. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) is a broadband, psychological test that includes measures of emotional and behavioral dysfunction, which have been associated with BED behaviors in bariatric surgery candidates; however these studies have lacked appropriate controls. In the current study, we compared MMPI-2-RF scale scores of bariatric surgery patients diagnosed with BED (BED+) with BMI-matched controls without BED (BED-).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-hundred and seven BED+ participants (72.64% female and 67.87% Caucasian; mean BMI of 51.36 kg/m(2) [SD = 11.94]) were drawn from a large, database (N = 1304). Three-hundred and seven BED- participants were matched on BMI and demographics (72.64% female, 68.63% Caucasian, and mean BMI of 51.30 kg/m(2) [SD = 11.70]).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The BED+ group scored significantly higher on measures of Demoralization, Low Positive Emotions, and Dysfunctional Negative Emotions and scored lower on measures of Antisocial Behaviors, reflecting behavioral constraint. Optimal T-Score cutoffs were below the traditional 65 T score for several MMPI-2-RF scales. MMPI-2-RF externalizing measures also added incrementally to differentiating between the groups beyond the Binge Eating Scale (BES).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BED+ individuals produced greater elevations on a number of MMPI-2-RF internalizing scales and externalizing scales. Use of the test in conjunction with a clinical interview and other self-report data can further aid the clinician in guiding patients to appropriate treatment to optimize outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio.
authors.forename: Ryan J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Marek
authors.forename: Yossef S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Ben-Porath
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ashton
authors.forename: Leslie J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Heinberg
mesh_terms: D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D056912:Binge-Eating Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008950:MMPI / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D057566:Self Report; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Binge Eating Disorder; MMPI-2-RF; bariatric surgery candidates; binge eating scale; impulsivity; negative affect; pre-surgical psychological screening