title: Cognitive impairment and major depressive disorder in HIV infection and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers.
abstract: Cognitive impairment and major depressive disorder (MDD) are common HIV-1 central nervous system (CNS) complications. Their frequencies in AIDS patients are 36% and 45%, respectively. The diagnoses of HIV cognitive impairment are made by clinical criteria, no single laboratory test or biomarker establishes the diagnosis. Factors of indirect neuronal injury related with the pathophysiology of the HIV infection in the CNS, are the factors studied as biomarkers. In the present no biomarker is established to the diagnosis of HIV cognitive impairment, much still needs to be done. We review in this paper some biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid that could be valuable to the diagnosis of HIV cognitive impairment. Diagnosing depression in the context of HIV can be challenging, to identify a biomarker that could help in the diagnosis would be very important, although MDD risks and neurobiology are still poorly understood.
authors.forename: Sérgio Monteiro de
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D018925:Chemokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000209:etiology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000209:etiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000150:complications; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D019562:Viral Load; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018925:Chemokines; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases