title: Five-year results of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is gaining popularity, but studies reporting long-term results are still rare. The objective of this study was to present the 5-year outcome concerning weight loss, modification of co-morbidities, and late complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort with a minimal follow-up of 5 years. A total of 68 patients underwent LSG either as primary bariatric procedure (n = 41) or as redo operation after failed laparoscopic gastric banding (n = 27) between August 2004 and December 2007. At the time of LSG, the mean body mass index (BMI) was 43.0 ± 8.0 kg/m(2), the mean age 43.1 ± 10.1 years, and 78% were female. The follow-up rate was 100% at 1 year postoperatively, 97% after 2 years, and 91% after 5 years; the mean follow-up time was 5.9 ± 0.8 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average excessive BMI loss was 61.5% ± 23.4% after 1 year, 61.1% ± 23.4% after 2 years, and 57.4% ± 24.7% after 5 years. Co-morbidities improved considerably; a remission of type 2 diabetes could be reached at 85%. The following complications were observed: 1 leak (1.5%), 2 incisional hernias (2.9%), and new-onset gastroesophageal reflux in 11 patients (16.2%). Reoperation due to insufficient weight loss was necessary in 8 patients (11.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LSG was effective 5.9 years postoperatively with an excessive BMI loss of almost 60% and a considerable improvement or even remission of co-morbidities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: ralph.peterli@claraspital.ch.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sieber
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gass
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Center of Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Center of Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Slawik
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peterli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D015391:Gastroplasty; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
keywords: Bariatric surgery; Diabetes remission; Long-term results; Sleeve gastrectomy; Weight loss