title: Prenatal effects by exposing to amoxicillin on dental enamel in Wistar rats.
abstract: Amoxicillin is an antibiotic widely prescribed; its most frequent side effects are gastrointestinal disorders and hypersensitivity reactions. Over the last 10 years studies have been published which suggest that amoxicillin may cause dental alterations similar to dental fluorosis. Never the less, the results are not conclusive, this is why it was planned the need to make controlled studies on test animals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the effect produced by amoxicillin prenatal administration on dental enamel in Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  12 pregnant adult rats were used distributed into five different groups: witness control (n=2) didn't get any treatment; negative control (n=2) they were prescribed with saline solution; positive control (n=3) they were prescribed with tetracycline 130 mg/kg, and two groups (n=3 and n=2) treated with amoxicillin doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively. The treatments were daily administered by mouth, from the 6th gestation day to the end of gestation. Twenty five days after they were born, the offspring were sacrificed with a sodium pentobarbital overdose, the mandible was dissected and the first lower molars were gotten. The samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and clinically and histologically observed to determine any enamel disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  hypomineralization was observed in every single sample of the tetracyclic and amoxicillin treated group 100 mg/kg, meanwhile only 50% from the group administered with 50 mg/kg amoxicillin showed this histological disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the side effect caused by amoxicillin on dental enamel was doses dependent.
authors.affiliation: Edificio del Rectorado, Calle 24, entre Avenidas 2 y 3, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida (5101), Venezuela, eduvigis@ula.ve.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gottberg
authors.forename: Jeanily
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berné
authors.forename: Belkis
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Quiñónez
authors.forename: Eduvigis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Solórzano
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000658:Amoxicillin