title: Dietary intake and ovarian cancer risk: a systematic review.
abstract: Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of gynecological cancer death. There is a need to identify modifiable dietary risk factors for this disease. To evaluate the role of diet in ovarian cancer risk, we performed a PRISMA-directed systematic review that included prospective cohort studies with >200 cases (n = 24). Higher risk for ovarian cancer was shown for total, animal, and dairy fat (five of nine studies), as well as total nitrate and possibly total vitamin C. No associations were demonstrated for red meat, fiber, vitamin A, vitamin E, β-carotene, or folate. Vegetables were associated with lower risk in one of three studies; fruit showed no association, although risk estimates were all greater than 1.0. Isoflavones and flavonoids were associated with modestly lower risk in two studies and tea intake was associated with lower risk in one of two studies. This review suggests that no specific dietary factors are consistently associated with ovarian cancer risk. Data by tumor subtypes are limited, but suggest that differential associations by tumor subtype may exist and should be evaluated. Studies of ample sample size, varied exposure, which can better control for dietary measurement error, are needed to fully define dietary recommendations for ovarian cancer prevention.
authors.affiliation: Authors' Affiliations: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona; University of Arizona Cancer Center; Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; and Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Tracy E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.forename: Beman R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Khulpateea
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Alberts
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Basen-Engquist
authors.forename: Cynthia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Thomson
mesh_terms: D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats