title: The clinical value of cardiac sympathetic imaging in heart failure.
abstract: The autonomic nervous system plays an important role in the pathology of heart failure. The single-photon emission computed tomography tracer iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine ((123) I-MIBG) can be used to investigate the activity of the predominant neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system, norepinephrine. Also, positron emission tomography tracers are being developed for the same purpose. With (123) I-MIBG as a starting point, this brief review introduces the modalities used for cardiac sympathetic imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Thomas Emil
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kjaer
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hasbak
mesh_terms: D019797:3-Iodobenzylguanidine; D006321:Heart / Q000294:innervation* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019797:3-Iodobenzylguanidine
keywords: cardiac positron emission tomography; cardiac single-photon emission computed tomography; heart failure; iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine; norepinephrine; prognostic marker; sympathetic nervous system