title: [Histone acetylation and expression of acetylation-related enzymes in children with tetralogy of Fallot].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the expression of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) in children with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and to investigate the role of histone acetylation and acetylation-related enzymes in the pathogenesis of TOF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myocardial tissue samples in the TOF group were obtained from 46 children with TOF who underwent radical operation, and myocardial tissue samples in the control group were obtained from 16 children who suffered accidental deaths and had no cardiac anomalies as shown by autopsy. The acetylation of H3K9, H3K18 and H3K27 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression of HATs and HDACs in the myocardium was measured by real-time PCR. The correlation between mRNA expression of HATs and HDACs and histone acetylation was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control group, the TOF group showed significantly increased acetylation of H3K9 (P=0.0165) and significantly decreased acetylation of H3K18 (P=0.0048) and H3K27 (P=0.0084). As to 4 HATs and 6 HDACs, the mRNA expression of EP300 and CBP was significantly higher in the TOF group than in the control group (P=0.025; P=0.017), and there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression of other HATs and HDACs between the two groups. The correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between H3K9 acetylation and mRNA expression of EP300 (r=0.71, P<0.01) and CBP (r=0.72, P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Upregulated mRNA expression of EP300 and CBP may be associated with increased H3K9 acetylation, suggesting that EP300 and CBP might affect cardiac development by regulating H3K9 acetylation.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China. gyhuang@shmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yi-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ruo-Yi
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Hui-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-Jing
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Duan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Guo-Ying
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D050881:E1A-Associated p300 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics*; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; C571744:bone sialoprotein (35-62), human; D050881:E1A-Associated p300 Protein; C494360:EP300 protein, human; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006655:Histone Deacetylases