title: A CHO/fibre diet reduces and a MUFA diet increases postprandial lipaemia in type 2 diabetes: no supplementary effects of low-volume physical training.
abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a supervised physical training added to a healthy diet-rich in either carbohydrate and fibre (CHO/fibre) or monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)-on postprandial dyslipidaemia, an independent cardiovascular risk factor particularly relevant in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants were forty-five overweight/obese subjects with T2D, of both genders, in good blood glucose control with diet or diet+metformin, with normal fasting plasma lipids. According to a parallel groups 2 × 2 factorial design, participants were randomized to an 8-week isoenergetic intervention with a CHO/fibre or a MUFA diet, with or without a supervised low-volume aerobic training programme. The main outcome of the study was the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of lipid concentrations in the plasma chylomicron+VLDL lipoprotein fraction, isolated by preparative ultracentrifugation (NCT01025856). Body weight remained stable during the trial in all groups. Physical fitness slightly improved with training (VO2 peak, 16 ± 4 vs. 15 ± 3 ml/kg/min, M ± SD, p < 0.05). Postprandial triglyceride and cholesterol iAUCs in plasma and chylomicron+VLDL fraction decreased after the CHO/fibre diet, but increased after the MUFA diet with a significant effect for diet by two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). The addition of exercise training to either dietary intervention did not significantly influence postprandial lipid response. A diet rich in carbohydrates and fibre reduced postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins compared with a diet rich in MUFA in patients with T2D. A supervised low-volume physical training did not significantly influence these dietary effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy, lutgarda@tiscali.it.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bozzetto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Annuzzi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Costabile
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costagliola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giorgini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alderisio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strazzullo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Patti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cipriano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mangione
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vigorito
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riccardi
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rivellese
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism*; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated