title: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in the range of 20 to 100 ng/mL and incidence of kidney stones.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increasing 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels can prevent a wide range of diseases. There is a concern about increasing kidney stone risk with vitamin D supplementation. We used GrassrootsHealth data to examine the relationship between vitamin D status and kidney stone incidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 2012 participants followed prospectively for a median of 19 months. Thirteen individuals self-reported kidney stones during the study period. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to assess the association between vitamin D status and kidney stones.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no statistically significant association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and kidney stones (P = .42). Body mass index was significantly associated with kidney stone risk (odds ratio = 3.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.1, 11.3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of 20 to 100 nanograms per milliliter has no significant association with kidney stone incidence.
authors.affiliation: Stacie Nguyen, Leo Baggerly, and Christine French are with GrassrootsHealth, Encinitas, CA. Robert P. Heaney is with Creighton University, Osteoporosis Research Center, Omaha, NE. Edward D. Gorham and Cedric F. Garland are with the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla.
authors.forename: Stacie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baggerly
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Heaney
authors.forename: Edward D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Gorham
authors.forename: Cedric F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Garland
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D