title: Anterior urethral valves without diverticulae: a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
abstract: Two unusual cases of anterior urethral valves (AUV) without diverticulae are presented. The first case is a male child born with prenatal diagnosis of bilateral hydronephrosis. On cystoscopy, iris-like diaphragm valves were encountered about 3 mm distal to the skeletal sphincter. In the second case, an 18-month-old male child was investigated for recurrent febrile urinary tract infections and obstructed urinary symptoms. Cystoscopy confirmed the presence of slit-like valves 5 mm distal to the skeletal sphincter. Fulguration of the AUVs was performed in both cases. It may be worthwhile to review all cases of anterior urethral obstruction collectively and re-categorize them appropriately to include the unusual AUVs without diverticulum in that classification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India; Department of Urology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Dig Vijay
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taneja
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D014521:Urethra / Q000473:pathology; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: anterior urethral obstruction; anterior urethral valve; cystoscopy; external urethral sphincter; vasicostomy