title: The complete mitochondrial genome of a turbinid vetigastropod from MiSeq Illumina sequencing of genomic DNA and steps towards a resolved gastropod phylogeny.
abstract: A need to increase sampling of mitochondrial genomes for Vetigastropoda has been identified as an important step towards resolving relationships within the Gastropoda. We used shotgun sequencing of genomic DNA, using an Illumina MiSeq, to obtain the first mitochondrial genome for the vetigastropod family Turbinidae, doubling the number of genomes for the species-rich superfamily Trochoidea. This method avoids the necessity of finding suitable primers for long PCRs or primer-walking amplicons, resulting in a timely and cost-effective method for obtaining whole mitochondrial genomes from ethanol-preserved tissue samples. Bayesian analysis of amino acid variation for all available gastropod genomes including the new turbinid mtgenome produced a well resolved tree with high nodal support for most nodes. Major clades within Gastropoda were recovered with strong support, with the exception of Littorinimorpha, which was polyphyletic. We confirm here that mitogenomics is a useful tool for molluscan phylogenetics, especially when using powerful new models of amino acid evolution, but recognise that increased taxon sampling is still required to resolve existing differences between nuclear and mitochondrial gene trees.
authors.affiliation: Natural History Museum, Life Sciences Department, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, UK. Electronic address: s.williams@nhm.ac.uk.
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: D T J
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Littlewood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000235:genetics*; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
keywords: A+T; Gastropoda; Mitochondrial enrichment; Mitochondrial genome; NGS; PCR; Phylogeny; atp6; atp8; base pairs; bp; cox1, 2, 3; cyt b; gDNA; gene encoding ATP synthase subunit 6; gene encoding ATP synthase subunit 8; gene encoding cytochrome b apoenzyme; gene encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunits I, II, and III; gene encoding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunits 1–6 and 4L; genomic DNA; mitochondrial DNA; mitochondrial genome; mtDNA; mtgenome; nad1–6 and nad4L; next generation sequencing; percentage of adenosine and thymidine; polymerase chain reaction; tRNA; transfer RNA gene