title: Plasma sulfur amino acids and stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity in two Caucasian populations.
abstract: In rats, dietary restriction of the cysteine precursor methionine suppresses hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)-1 expression and activity, whereas cysteine supplementation reverses these effects. In 2 independent cohorts: Hordaland Health Study (HUSK; N=2021, aged 71-74y), Norway, and Hoorn study (N=686, aged 50-87y), Netherlands, we examined the cross-sectional associations of plasma sulfur-containing compounds (SCC; methionine, S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine, homocysteine, cystathionine, total cysteine (tCys), glutathione and cysteinylglycine) with SCD-16 index (16:1n-7/16:0), estimated from fatty acid profiles of total plasma or serum lipids. Only tCys was consistently associated with SCD-16 index after adjustments for sex and age (HUSK: partial r=0.14; Hoorn: partial r=0.11, P<0.001 for both), and after further adjustments for other SCC, body fat, diet, exercise and plasma lipids (HUSK: partial r=0.07, P=0.004; Hoorn: partial r=0.12, P=0.013). Together with animal data showing an effect of dietary cysteine on SCD1, our results suggest a role for cysteine in SCD1 regulation in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Post box 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: kathrine.vinknes@medisin.uio.no.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Vinknes
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Drevon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Refsum
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nurk
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nijpels
authors.forename: C D A
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stehouwer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teerlink
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Tell
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nygård
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Vollset
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ueland
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Elshorbagy
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003540:Cystathionine / Q000097:blood; D003545:Cysteine / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D012435:S-Adenosylhomocysteine / Q000097:blood; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine / Q000097:blood; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000097:blood*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur; D004151:Dipeptides; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006710:Homocysteine; D003540:Cystathionine; C028505:cysteinylglycine; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine; D012435:S-Adenosylhomocysteine; D008715:Methionine; C523776:SCD1 protein, human; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine
keywords: Cysteine; Fatty acid profile; Stearoyl-CoA desaturase; Sulfur amino acids