title: Does photodynamic therapy enhance standard antibacterial therapy in dentistry?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess whether or not photodynamic therapy enhanced standard antibacterial therapy in dentistry.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Photodynamic therapy when used as an adjunct to conventional periodontal therapy kills more bacteria than when conventional periodontal therapy is used alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  To address the focused question, "Does photodynamic therapy enhance killing of oral bacteria?" PubMed/MEDLINE(®) and Google Scholar databases were explored. Original human and experimental studies and studies using photodynamic therapy for killing oral bacteria were included. Letters to the Editor, historic reviews, and unpublished data were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Photodynamic therapy significantly reduces periodontopathogenic bacteria including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Photodynamic therapy kills cariogenic bacteria (such as Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis), bacteria associated with infected root canals, and those associated with periimplantitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Photodynamic therapy, when used as an adjunct to conventional oral disinfection protocols, enhances standard antibacterial therapy in dentistry.
authors.affiliation: 1 Eng. A.B. Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration, 3D Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .
authors.forename: Fawad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.forename: Georgios E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Romanos
mesh_terms: D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D003729:Dental Care; D006801:Humans; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013298:Streptococcus sanguis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents