title: Yersinia enterocolitica infections associated with improperly pasteurized milk products: southwest Pennsylvania, March-August, 2011.
abstract: In July 2011, a cluster of Yersinia enterocolitica infections was detected in southwestern Pennsylvania, USA. We investigated the outbreak's source and scope in order to prevent further transmission. Twenty-two persons were diagnosed with yersiniosis; 16 of whom reported consuming pasteurized dairy products from dairy A. Pasteurized milk and food samples were collected from this dairy. Y. enterocolitica was isolated from two products. Isolates from both food samples and available clinical isolates from nine dairy A consumers were indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Environmental and microbiological investigations were performed at dairy A and pasteurization deficiencies were noted. Because consumption of pasteurized milk is common and outbreaks have the potential to become large, public health interventions such as consumer advisories or closure of the dairy must be implemented quickly to prevent additional cases if epidemiological or laboratory evidence implicates pasteurized milk as the outbreak source.
authors.affiliation: Epidemic Intelligence Service; Scientific Education and Professional Development Program Office; Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Longenberger
authors.affiliation: Epidemic Intelligence Service; Scientific Education and Professional Development Program Office; Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Gronostaj
authors.affiliation: Allegheny County Health Department, Pittsburgh, PA,USA.
authors.forename: G Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.affiliation: Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Harrisburg, PA,USA.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Allegheny County Health Department, Pittsburgh, PA,USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lando
authors.affiliation: Allegheny County Health Department, Pittsburgh, PA,USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Voorhees
authors.affiliation: Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, PA,USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Waller
authors.affiliation: Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, PA,USA.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Weltman
authors.affiliation: Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, PA,USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moll
authors.affiliation: Scientific Education and Professional Development Program Office; Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Lyss
authors.affiliation: Scientific Education and Professional Development Program Office; Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Cadwell
authors.affiliation: National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Gladney
authors.affiliation: Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, PA,USA.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ostroff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005260:Female; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D058889:Molecular Typing; D010414:Pennsylvania / Q000453:epidemiology; D015009:Yersinia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015008:Yersinia enterocolitica / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D055815:Young Adult