title: Characterization and source apportionment of particulate PAHs in the roadside environment in Beijing.
abstract: The profiles of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) near a major road and relative major sources were determined based on five 1-week intensive field campaigns in 2008 and 2009, and the impacts of temporary control measures on roadside PAHs during the Beijing Olympics are discussed. The annual average concentration of PAHs in the non-Olympic period was 42.3 ± 52.4 ng/m(3) and clear seasonal variation was present. Diesel vehicles, gasoline vehicles and coal combustion were identified as the three possible major sources of roadside PAHs using positive matrix factorization analysis. During the Olympics, the average total PAH concentration decreased to 4.8 ± 2.7 ng/m(3), which was attributed primarily to the reduction of local emissions. Temporary traffic control measures significantly changed the diurnal pattern of particulate PAHs at the roadside site. Diesel vehicle contribution, in particular, decreased to a negligible fraction because heavy-duty diesel vehicles were strictly banned.
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address: ywu@tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Division of Environment and Resources Research, Transportation Planning and Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Shaojun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Shaojie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Jiaqi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Jiming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
keywords: Beijing Olympics; Control measures; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); Source apportionment; Vehicle