title: Topical delivery of hyaluronic acid into skin using SPACE-peptide carriers.
abstract: Topical penetration of macromolecules into the skin is limited by their low permeability. Here, we report the use of a skin penetrating peptide, SPACE peptide, to enhance topical delivery of a macromolecule, hyaluronic acid (HA, MW: 200-325kDa). The peptide was conjugated to phospholipids and used to prepare an ethosomal carrier system (~110nm diameter), encapsulating HA. The SPACE-ethosomal system (SES) enhanced HA penetration into porcine skin in vitro by 7.8+/-1.1-fold compared to PBS. The system also enhanced penetration of HA in human skin in vitro, penetrating deep into the epidermis and dermis in skin of both species. In vivo experiments performed using SKH1 hairless mice also confirmed increased dermal penetration of HA using the delivery system; a 5-fold enhancement in penetration was found compared to PBS control. Concentrations of HA in skin were about 1000-fold higher than those in blood; confirming the localized nature of HA delivery into skin. The SPACE-ethosomal delivery system provides a formulation for topical delivery of macromolecules that are otherwise difficult to deliver into the skin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106, USA.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106, USA.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Anselmo
authors.affiliation: Convoy Therapeutics, Inc., Oro Valley, Arizona, USA. Electronic address: jmuraski@convoytx.com.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Muraski
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106, USA. Electronic address: samir@engineering.ucsb.edu.
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitragotri
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D010455:Peptides; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid
keywords: Healing; Hyaluronan; Repair; Topical; Wound; Wrinkle