title: A novel method to study contact inhibition of locomotion using micropatterned substrates.
abstract: The concept of contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL) describes the ability of a cell to change the direction of its movement after contact with another cell. It has been shown to be responsible for physiological and developmental processes such as wound healing, macrophage dispersion and neural crest cell migration; whereas its loss facilitates cancer cell invasion and metastatic dissemination. Different assays have been developed to analyze CIL in tissue culture models. However, these methods have several caveats. Collisions happen at low frequency between freely migrating cells and the orientation of the cells at the time of contact is not predictable. Moreover, the computational analysis required by these assays is often complicated and it retains a certain degree of discretion. Here, we show that confinement of neural crest cell migration on a single dimension by using a micropatterned substrate allows standardized and predictable cell-cell collision. CIL can thus easily be quantified by direct measurement of simple cellular parameters such as the distance between nuclei after collision. We tested some of the signaling pathways previously identified as involved in CIL, such as small GTPases and non-canonical Wnt signaling, using this new method for CIL analysis. The restricted directionality of migration of cells in lines is a powerful strategy to obtain higher predictability and higher efficiency of the CIL response upon cell-cell collisions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT , UK.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scarpa
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roycroft
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Theveneau
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Terriac
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piel
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mayor
keywords: Contact inhibition of locomotion; Micropatterned fibronectin substrates; Neural crest