title: The effect of platelet-derived microparticles in stored apheresis platelet concentrates on polymorphonuclear leucocyte respiratory burst.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) and other proinflammatory mediators, which are accumulated during the storage process, might induce transfusion adverse events. We hypothesized that the PMP primed polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) respiratory burst after the transfusion, which could be linked to the transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI).
  
  
  METHODS
  The PMPs were isolated by centrifugation of the platelet-free plasma from 10 apheresis platelet concentrates (A-PLTs) at 20,000×g for 1 h. The PMPs were counted by flow cytometric analysis, followed by Western blotting, that were performed on isolated PMPs. The soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L, sCD154) was assayed with ELISA. The priming of the formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-activated PMN respiratory burst was measured with the hydrogen peroxide production.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PMP counts increased by 1·7-folds after 3 days of storage. Meanwhile, sCD40L also significantly increased in PMP fraction isolated from the 3-day stored A-PLTs. Furthermore, Western blotting indicated that sCD40L was involved and concentrated in PMP. The PMPs were able to effectively prime the fMLP-activated PMN respiratory burst, which was partly inhibited by CD154 monoclonal antibody or by filtration with 0·1 μM membrane. Significant relativity was existed between the PMP counts, sCD40L and priming activity during the A-PLT storage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The platelet-derived microparticles, which carried the sCD40L, accumulated in the apheresis platelet concentrates during the 5 days of storage. They primed the fMLP-activated PMN respiration burst, which might be relative to TRALI.
authors.affiliation: The Blood Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000009:adverse effects; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000276:immunology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D017713:Platelet Transfusion / Q000009:adverse effects; D010983:Plateletpheresis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000276:immunology*; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D023201:CD40 Ligand
keywords: TRALI; platelet concentrates; platelet transfusion; platelet-derived microparticles; soluble CD40L