title: Integration-free methods for generating induced pluripotent stem cells.
abstract: Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be generated from mouse or human fibroblasts by exogenous expression of four factors, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, and hold great potential for transplantation therapies and regenerative medicine. However, use of retroviral vectors during iPS cell generation has limited the technique's clinical application due to the potential risks resulting from genome integration of transgenes, including insertional mutations and altered differentiation potentials of the target cells, which may lead to pathologies such as tumorigenesis. Here we review recent progress in generating safer transgene-free or integration-free iPS cells, including the use of non-integrating vectors, excision of vectors after integration, DNA-free delivery of factors and chemical induction of pluripotency.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science and Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Yi-ye
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Fanyi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C000715467:KLF4 protein, human; C000715468:Klf4 protein, mouse; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D008081:Liposomes
keywords: Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells; Transgene-free; Vector