title: Effects of suspended common-scale and nanoscale particles on the survival, growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna.
abstract: Suspended particles are a natural component of aquatic ecosystems. This study provides a report on the survival, growth and reproduction of common-scale and nanoscale particles of Daphnia magna Straus exposed to five types of particles (i.e. KN (kaolinite), MN (montmorillonite), MNn (nanoscale MN), NP (natural particles), and NPn (nanoscale NP)). The results of the study show that the suspended particles elicited a dose-dependent toxicity in KN, MN and MNn, with the following toxicity pattern: MN>KN>MNn. On the contrary, NP and NPn did not show any harmful effects on the animals. Instead, NP and NPn, especially NPn, contributed to the survivorship of the animals. The animals were able to survive throughout the 21-day period of bioassays, and when the particle concentration reached 600 mg L(-1), they produced many neonates without any addition of food. This experimental results also indicated that the nanoscale particles were less toxic than the common-scale ones, both for MN and NP. Moreover, the results of the 21-day period of bioassays indicated that when the organisms were exposed to particles of different size scales, they showed different selection patterns for allocating resources. This may be due to the generation of different assimilation and digestion patterns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Institute of Environmental and Resources Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Peiyong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jinxiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xiufu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008903:Minerals / Q000633:toxicity*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Common-scale; Daphnia magna; Effects; Nanoscale; Suspended particles