title: Clinicopathologic analysis of ROS1-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer and proposal of a diagnostic algorithm.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We sought to evaluate the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that harbored a ROS1 rearrangement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred fifty-one Korean patients with resected NSCLC (the resected group) were examined for ROS1 rearrangements using a tissue microarray and ROS1 fluorescence in situ hybridization and analyzed for clinical and pathological features. Sixty-four patients with advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma with no known oncogenic aberrations (the advanced group) were also screened for ROS1 rearrangements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 451 consecutive patients from the resected group, ROS1 rearrangements were detected in eight cases (1.8%). In the advanced group, an additional eight patients (12.5%) were identified as harboring ROS1 rearrangements. ROS1 rearrangement was detected exclusively in adenocarcinomas and occurred more frequently in women than in men. With the exception of one patient with an EGFR deletion mutation in exon 19, ROS1-positive adenocarcinomas in all patients revealed no alterations in ALK, EGFR, KRAS, or MET genes. Most ROS1-rearranged tumors showed solid and papillary patterns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ROS1 rearrangements were detected in 1.8% of patients with resected NSCLC and were detected exclusively in adenocarcinomas, which is similar to the frequency detected in non-Asian patients. We suggest that ROS1 screening in adenocarcinoma patients with no known oncogenic aberrations is an effective strategy to find ROS1 rearrangements in NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Departments of *Pathology and †Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; and ‡Cancer Research Institute and §Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Heounjeong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Go
authors.forename: Dong-Wan
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Donghyun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bhumsuk
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keam
authors.forename: Tae Min
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Se-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dae Seog
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Yung-Jue
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Doo Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C062333:ROS1 protein, human