title: Ruthenium nanoparticles supported on CeO2 for catalytic permanganate oxidation of butylparaben.
abstract: This study developed a heterogeneous catalytic permanganate oxidation system with ceria supported ruthenium, Ru/CeO2 (0.8‰ as Ru), as catalyst for the first time. The catalytic performance of Ru/CeO2 toward butylparaben (BP) oxidation by permanganate was strongly dependent on its dosage, pH, permanganate concentration and temperature. The presence of 1.0 g L(-1) Ru/CeO2 increased the oxidation rate of BP by permanganate at pH 4.0-8.0 by 3-96 times. The increase in Ru/CeO2 dosage led to a progressive enhancement in the oxidation rate of BP by permanganate at neutral pH. The XANES analysis revealed that (1) Ru was deposited on the surface of CeO2 as Ru(III); (2) Ru(III) was oxidized by permanganate to its higher oxidation state Ru(VI) and Ru(VII), which acted as the co-oxidants in BP oxidation; (3) Ru(VI) and Ru(VII) were reduced by BP to its initial state of Ru(III). Therefore, Ru/CeO2 acted as an electron shuttle in catalytic permanganate oxidation process. LC-MS/MS analysis implied that BP was initially attacked by permanganate or Ru(VI) and Ru(VII) at the aromatic ring, leading to the formation of various hydroxyl-substituted and ring-opening products. Ru/CeO2 could maintain its catalytic activity during the six successive runs. In conclusion, catalyzing permanganate oxidation with Ru/CeO2 is a promising technology for degrading phenolic pollutants in water treatment.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Yuying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Junlian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Gongming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D002563:Cerium / Q000737:chemistry*; D004777:Environment; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D017895:Manganese Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010226:Parabens / Q000737:chemistry*; D012428:Ruthenium / Q000737:chemistry*; D056928:X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
chemical_list: D017895:Manganese Compounds; D008903:Minerals; D010087:Oxides; D010226:Parabens; C048856:permanganic acid; D002563:Cerium; C038091:butylparaben; C030583:ceric oxide; D012428:Ruthenium