title: What are the sales practices of internet cigar vendors in China?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the number of websites selling cigars in China and to examine their sales and marketing practices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comprehensive searches were conducted using three keyword terms and two popular internet search engines. A total of 6000 sites were examined. Two raters examined the content of each site using a standardised coding instrument to assess geographic location, presence of warnings, products sold, and promotional strategies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 106 internet cigar vendors, which were located in 16 cities, with most of them being located in developed cities (eg, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hong Kong). Only 6.6% of internet cigar vendors featured health warnings, and 14.2% featured minimum age of sale warnings. More than 80% of sites sold large cigars, 34.9% sold small or mini cigars, 42.5% sold cigarettes, 28.3% sold tobacco leaves, and 73.6% sold cigar accessories. Third-party online payment was the most frequently accepted payment method. Scanned images of cigars or cigar boxes (92.5%), reduced prices (84.0%), and diffusion of cigar-related information (67.9%) were the most frequently used promotional strategies.+
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Internet cigar vendors undermine tobacco control policies and pose many challenges for tobacco control advocates in China. New legislation and enforcement should address these issues.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Junling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA.
authors.forename: Carla J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Pinpin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003132:Commerce / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D040541:Marketing / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000191:economics*
keywords: Advertising and Promotion; Low/Middle income country; Tobacco industry