title: Normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass with beating heart for management of renal cell carcinoma with atrial tumor thrombus.
abstract: Renal cell carcinoma is occasionally complicated by the formation of a neoplastic thrombus invading the inferior vena cava. Rarely, the thrombus extends into the vena cava, reaching the right atrium. In these situations, despite the advanced tumor stage, surgical resection continues to offer the best chance for effective treatment. The operation requires a complex surgical approach with mobilization of the liver and use, in most cases, of extracorporeal circulation, which allows removal of the tumor thrombus from the right atrium. Traditionally, the intervention is performed using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest or, less frequently, using moderate hypothermia, aortic cross clamping, and cardioplegic cardiac arrest. These strategies have the downside of causing increased blood loss, coagulopathy, and long operative time and can potentially have a negative impact on survival. We report a different operative approach using normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, with the expectation of lowering the rate of blood product transfusions, hospital length of stay, and overall incidence of complications.
authors.affiliation: From the *Division of Cardiac Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA; and †Divisions of Transplant and Hepatobiliary Surgery, ‡Cardiothoracic Surgery, §Cardiac Anesthesia, and ∥Urology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA USA.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Calcaterra
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Joseph W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Turek
authors.forename: Kalpaj R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Parekh
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D013696:Temperature; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior