title: Voluntary sterilization for childfree women: understanding patient profiles, evaluating accessibility, examining legislation.
abstract: Approximately 47 percent of women ages fifteen to forty-four are currently without children, and slightly more than 20 percent of white women in America will never bear children, the highest percentage in modern history. Many fertile women who are childless are voluntarily so. Although any competent person twenty-one years or older is legally eligible for voluntary sterilization, many doctors refuse to sterilize childfree women. This essay explores various reasons a woman would want to continue in her childfree lifestyle, evaluates the accessibility of sterilization for women who are childfree by examining the reported reasons for denial of sterilization-both from the woman's and the physician's perspective-and assesses the legal status of voluntary sterilization for nonparous women. The essay also urges physicians to follow recommended guidelines for counseling women who, regardless of parity, desire sterilization and to provide this contraception if, after careful consideration, there are no outstanding health or other reasons that the procedure should not be performed.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richie
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D009042:Motivation; D010298:Parity; D026706:Paternalism; D028701:Patient Rights; D016079:Refusal to Treat; D013245:Sterilization, Reproductive / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D014481:United States