title: Placental transfer of intravenous nicardipine and disposition into breast milk during the control of hypertension in women with pre-eclampsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess nicardipine safety for fetuses and neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nicardipine was measured in maternal plasma (MP), umbilical cord arterial (UaP) and venous (UvP) plasma and breast milk (BrM) of 18 women with severe preeclampsia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nicardipine was infused for a mean 11.9 ± 10.5 days before and 4.6 ± 1.6 days after delivery. Nicardipine dose and MP concentration were linearly correlated, as were MP with UaP, UvP, and BrM concentrations. The BrM/MP ratio was 0.06 to 0.30. The mean relative infant dose was 0.082%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nicardipine is safe for fetuses and neonates due to its low levels of placental transfer and disposition in BrM.
authors.affiliation: Saitama Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University , Saitama , Japan .
authors.forename: Hideyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Kenjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Shunichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuko
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukatsu
authors.forename: Aiji
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D009529:Nicardipine