title: First evidence for the anti-inflammatory activity of fucoxanthin in high-fat-diet-induced obesity in mice and the antioxidant functions in PC12 cells.
abstract: Obesity, characterized as a state of low-level inflammation, is a powerful determinant influencing the development of insulin resistance and progression to type 2 diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of fucoxanthin in experimental high-fat-diet-induced obesity in mice and antioxidant activity in PC12 cells under oxidative stress situation. The anti-inflammatory potential of fucoxanthin in the regulation of maleic dialdehyde (MDA), polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was determined by ELISA. Fucoxanthin significantly inhibited obesity-induced upregulation of the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2. Moreover, fucoxanthin suppressed MDA and infiltration of PMNs. The protective effects were associated with lack of hypertrophy and crown-like structures in mammary gland. At the same time, fucoxanthin showed an advantage of antioxidant activity in PC12 cells under oxidative stress situation. These results suggest that supplementation of fucoxanthin is a promising strategy for blocking macrophage-mediated inflammation and inflammation-induced obesity and its associated complications.
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China, congpingtan@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Cong-ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yun-hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004041:Dietary Fats; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D024341:Xanthophylls; C025164:fucoxanthin; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2