title: Coumarin and furanocoumarin quantitation in citrus peel via ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).
abstract: Coumarins and furanocoumarins are secondary metabolites commonly found in citrus plants. These molecules are allelochemical compounds in plants that have controversial effects on humans, such as phototoxicity and the commonly described interactions with drugs, referred to as the "grapefruit juice effect". Thus, it is important to develop a reliable method to identify and quantitate the coumarins and furanocoumarins in citrus extracts. For this purpose, we herein describe an ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS)-based method. We first developed a rapid UPLC method (20 min) to separate the isomers of each furanocoumarin. A subsequent single ion monitoring MS detection method was performed to distinguish between the molecules, which were possibly coeluting but had different molecular weights. The method was successfully used to separate and quantitate 6 coumarins and 21 furanocoumarins in variable amounts within peel extracts (flavedo and albedo) of 6 varieties of Citrus (sweet orange, lemon, grapefruit, bergamot, pummelo, and clementine). This method combines high selectivity and sensitivity in a rapid analysis and is useful for fingerprinting Citrus species via their coumarin and furanocoumarin contents.
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine , UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Audray
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dugrand
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olry
authors.forename: Thibault
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Duval
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hehn
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Froelicher
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bourgaud
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D003374:Coumarins / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D011564:Furocoumarins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003374:Coumarins; D011564:Furocoumarins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C030123:coumarin