title: Vertical profile, sources, and equivalent toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment cores from the river mouths of Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan.
abstract: Six sediment cores collected at four contaminated river mouths and two harbor entrances in Kaohsiung Harbor (Taiwan) were analyzed to evaluate the sources and potential toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs presented the wide variations ranging from 369±656 to 33,772±14,378 ng g(-1) at the six sampling sites. The composition of PAHs presented a uniform profile reflecting the importance of atmospheric input from vehicle exhausts or coal combustion in the river mouths. PAHs diagnostic ratios indicated a stronger influence of coal combustion in the Salt River mouth and the prevalence of petroleum combustion and mixed sources in the other rivers and harbor entrances. PAHs toxicity assessment using the mean effect range-median quotient (m-ERM-q: 0.011-1.804), benzo[a]pyrene-toxicity equivalent (TEQ(carc): 22-2819 ng TEQ g(-1)), and dioxin-toxicity equivalent (TEQ(fish): 37-5129 pg TEQ g(-1)) identified the Salt River mouth near the industrial area of the harbor as the most affected area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Di
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan. Electronic address: dong3762@mail.nkmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chiu-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001272:Atmosphere; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000032:analysis; D002947:Cities; D003031:Coal; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005399:Fishes; D005843:Geography; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D045483:Rivers; D013624:Taiwan; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003031:Coal; D004147:Dioxins; D010578:Petroleum; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene
keywords: Core sediments; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); Risk assessment; Toxic equivalent (TEQ)