title: Development of real-time PCR to detect oral vaccine-like poliovirus and its application to environmental surveillance.
abstract: In order to perform environmental surveillance to track oral poliovirus vaccine-like poliovirus sensitively and conveniently, real-time PCR was developed and applied to a raw sewage concentrate. The real-time PCR method detected 0.01-0.1 TCID50 of 3 serotypes of Sabin strain specifically. The method also detected the corresponding serotypes of oral poliovirus vaccine-like poliovirus specifically, but detected neither wild poliovirus, except Mahoney for type 1 and Saukett for type 3, nor other enteric viruses, as far as examined. When real-time PCR was applied to environmental surveillance, the overall agreement rates between real-time PCR and the cell culture were 83.3% for all serotypes. Since real-time PCR has the advantages of rapid detection of viruses and minimum requirement of sampling volume as compared with ordinary cell culture, it is suitable to monitor oral poliovirus vaccine-like poliovirus in the environment, especially in areas where an oral vaccine is being replaced by an inactivated vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, Imizu City, Toyama 939-0363, Japan.
authors.forename: Masae
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwai-Itamochi
authors.forename: Hiromu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Obara-Nagoya
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horimoto
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: Takenori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takizawa
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012722:Sewage / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; D012722:Sewage
keywords: Environmental surveillance; Poliovirus; Real-time PCR; Vaccine