title: Sedative effects ofArachis hypogaeaL. stem and leaf extracts on sleep-deprived rats.
abstract: Arachis hypogaeaL. stem and leaf extracts (AHSLE) are reputed to aid sleep. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sedative effects of AHSLE on sleep-deprived (SD) rats and the effect on energy system pathways. Furthermore, we analyzed the essential oil components ofArachis hypogaeaL. stems and leaves (AHSL) to explain the sedative effects. AHSLE were obtained by extracting AHSL twice with water at 98°C for 3 h. Animal experiments were performed in the Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Japan, and the levels of neurotransmitters were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The essential oil of the AHSL was obtained by simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Following treatment with AHSLE, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels of the SD rats increased, which is a different effect from that previously observed in freely behaving rats. Adenosine (Ad) were not elevated by AHSLE uniformly throughout the brain, but accumulated in site-specific and time-prolonged manners. Following GC-MS analysis of the AHSL essential oil, a total of 37 compounds were identified; the major components were linalool (16.17%, which has sedative-like activity),n-hexadecanoic acid (16.42%), and 1-octen-3-ol (8.48%; a product of linalool decomposition). AHSLE affect the target neurotransmitters related to the rat circadian rhythms in specific brain regions, suggesting that AHSLE have the potential to increase sleep during the SD phase, and the sedative effects of AHSLE may be due to high levels of linalool and its decomposition products. AHSLE are potentially useful as sedatives or sleep aids in hypnotic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Farm Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, P.R. China ;
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.forename: Zhenya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guangquan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Yiting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shengrong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: Arachis hypogaea L. stem and leaf; linalool; rat; sedative effects; sleep deprivation