title: [Screening of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in risk groups: descriptive study of sexual habits and other sexual transmitted infections].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is considered a precursor lesion of anal squamous carcinoma. The population with increased risk of this conditions are immunocompromised individuals, especially HIV-infected, with anal sex practices. The aim of this study was to describe the sexual habits of patients who were seen in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) consult in our service in whom anal cytology was performed as well as the association of anal dysplasia to other STIs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective cohort study that included those patients in whom, according to our protocol, anal cytology was performed between 2008 and 2011. Also we conducted a survey on sexual habits and screening for other STIs. Finally, we conducted a descriptive and analytical study assessing bivariate distribution of cytological alterations and grade of anal dysplasia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 347 anal cytologies were performed, and 48.1% were abnormal. Statistically significant differences were found between the presence of condylomata perianal/endoanal, HIV infection, Chlamydia trachomatis infection and the presence of cytologic alterations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a high incidence of anal dysplasia in our group of individuals with risky sexual habits; however, it is probably underdiagnosed due to its subclinical nature and lack of a well-established screening protocol.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España. Electronic address: laupadesp@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Padilla-España
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Juan Bosco
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Repiso-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frieyro-Elicegui
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rivas-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robles
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Troya
mesh_terms: D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D047568:Unsafe Sex; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Anal cytology; Anal intraepithelial neoplasia; Citología anal; Hábitos sexuales; Infecciones de transmisión sexual; Neoplasia intraepitelial anal; Sexual behavior; Sexually transmitted infections