title: Orbital compartment syndrome following transvenous embolization of carotid-cavernous fistula.
abstract: Superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) thrombosis is a rare complication of carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) embolization and is usually associated with a paradoxical worsening of signs followed by subsequent spontaneous resolution. We report a case in a 69-year-old female who developed orbital compartment syndrome due to SOV thrombosis following transvenous embolization of an indirect CCF. The patient was treated with an urgent lateral canthotomy and cantholysis and had good recovery. This report demonstrates that the paradoxical worsening due to SOV thrombosis in CCF may result in orbital compartment syndrome and require early recognition and prompt decompressive measures to avoid permanent visual sequelae.
authors.affiliation: South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology and Discipline of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide , Adelaide , Australia and.
authors.forename: Paul Ikgan
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Sia
authors.forename: David Ik Tuo
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Sia
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scroop
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Selva
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D020216:Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011681:Pupil Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery