title: Appraisal of antiophidic potential of marine sponges against Bothrops jararaca and Lachesis muta venom.
abstract: Snakebites are a health problem in many countries due to the high incidence of such accidents. Antivenom treatment has regularly been used for more than a century, however, this does not neutralize tissue damage and may even increase the severity and morbidity of accidents. Thus, it has been relevant to search for new strategies to improve antiserum therapy, and a variety of molecules from natural sources with antiophidian properties have been reported. In this paper, we analyzed the ability of ten extracts from marine sponges (Amphimedon viridis, Aplysina fulva, Chondrosia collectrix, Desmapsamma anchorata, Dysidea etheria, Hymeniacidon heliophila, Mycale angulosa, Petromica citrina, Polymastia janeirensis, and Tedania ignis) to inhibit the effects caused by Bothrops jararaca and Lachesis muta venom. All sponge extracts inhibited proteolysis and hemolysis induced by both snake venoms, except H. heliophila, which failed to inhibit any biological activity. P. citrina inhibited lethality, hemorrhage, plasma clotting, and hemolysis induced by B. jararaca or L. muta. Moreover, other sponges inhibited hemorrhage induced only by B. jararaca. We conclude that Brazilian sponges may be a useful aid in the treatment of snakebites caused by L. muta and B. jararaca and therefore have potential for the discovery of molecules with antiophidian properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi 24020-141, RJ, Brazil. andfuly@vm.uff.br.
authors.forename: Camila Nunes
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Faioli
authors.forename: Thaisa Francielle Souza
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Domingos
authors.forename: Eduardo Coriolano
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Eládio Flores
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Suzi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muricy
authors.forename: Andre Lopes
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fuly
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000997:Antivenins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000633:toxicity*; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011161:Porifera; D017819:Viperidae
chemical_list: D000997:Antivenins; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D003435:Crotalid Venoms