title: Interleukin-32 contributes to invasion and metastasis of primary lung adenocarcinoma via NF-kappaB induced matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 expression.
abstract: Interleukin (IL)-32 is a novel proinflammatory cytokine, which has been shown to play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Here, we discovered that IL-32 was aberrantly over-expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cell lines. Positive expression of IL-32 significantly correlated with the clinical staging, and lymph node and distant metastases. High expression of IL-32 was an independent indicator of poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Moreover, IL-32-facilitated cell migration and invasion in vitro was mediated through transactivation of the nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway and subsequent upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP9 expression. These studies demonstrate that IL-32 plays a role in the tumor-associated inflammatory microenvironment and that overexpression of IL-32 contributes to invasion and metastasis in primary lung adenocarcinoma, suggesting that it may have clinical utility as a prognostic biomarker and potential target for immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qingli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Shaoli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yanbin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Weijun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.forename: Xingdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Longjuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wanling
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Lixia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Qinqin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011379:Prognosis; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C496971:IL32 protein, human; D007378:Interleukins; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: IL-32; Lung adenocarcinoma; MMP2 and MMP9; Matrix metalloproteinase; Metastasis; NF-kappaB; NF-κB; NSCLC; interleukin-32; matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9; non-small cell lung carcinoma