title: Fallopian tube prolapse after hysterectomy: a systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prolapse of the fallopian tube into the vaginal vault is a rarely reported complication that may occur after hysterectomy. Clinicians can miss the diagnosis of this disregarded complication when dealing with post-hysterectomy vaginal bleeding.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We performed a systematic review in order to describe the clinical presentation, therapeutic management and outcome of fallopian tube prolapse occurring after hysterectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE references from January 1980 to December 2010 was performed. We included articles that reported cases of fallopian tube prolapse after hysterectomy. Data from eligible studies were independently extracted onto standardized forms by two reviewers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight articles including 51 cases of fallopian tube prolapse after hysterectomy were included in this systematic review. Clinical presentations included abdominal pain, dyspareunia, post- coital bleeding, and/or vaginal discharge. Two cases were asymptomatic and diagnosed at routine checkup. The surgical management reported comprised partial or total salpingectomy, with vaginal repair in some cases combined with oophorectomy using different approaches (vaginal approach, combined vaginal-laparoscopic approach, laparoscopic approach, or laparotomy). Six patients were initially treated by silver nitrate application without success.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This systematic review provided a precise summary of the clinical characteristics and treatment of patients presenting with fallopian tube prolapse following hysterectomy published in the past 30 years. We anticipate that these results will help inform current investigations and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France ; INSERM, unit 1069, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Lobna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ouldamer
authors.forename: Agnès
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caille
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Body
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D004414:Dyspareunia / Q000209:etiology; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011391:Prolapse