title: The results of nucleic acid testing in remunerated and non-remunerated blood donors in Lithuania.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In Lithuania, governmentally covered remuneration for whole blood donations prevails. Donors may choose to accept or reject the remuneration. The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of nucleic acid testing (NAT) discriminatory-positive markers for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in seronegative, first-time and repeat, remunerated and non-remunerated donations at the National Blood Centre in Lithuania during the period from 2005 to 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  All seronegative whole blood and blood component donations were individually analysed by NAT for HIV-1, HBV and HCV. Only discriminatory-positive NAT were classified. The prevalence of discriminatory-positive NAT per 100,000 donations in the donor groups and the odds ratios comparing the remunerated and non-remunerated donations were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were observed for HBV NAT results: 47.42 and 26.29 per 100,000 remunerated first-time and repeat donations, respectively, compared to 10.6 and 3.58 per 100,000 non-remunerated first-time and repeat, seronegative donations, respectively. The differences were also significant for HCV NAT results: 47.42 and 51.99 for remunerated first-time and repeat donations, respectively, compared to 2.12 and 0 per 100,000 non-remunerated first-time and repeat, seronegative donations, respectively. No seronegative, discriminatory-positive NAT HIV case was found. The odds of discriminatory HBV and HCV NAT positive results were statistically significantly higher for both first-time and repeat remunerated donations compared to first-time and repeat non-remunerated donations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  First-time and repeat remunerated seronegative donations were associated with a statistically significantly higher prevalence and odds for discriminatory-positive HBV and HCV NAT results compared to first-time and repeat non-remunerated donations at the National Blood Centre in Lithuania.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Management, Academy of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Vytenis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kalibatas
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Academy of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kalibatienė
mesh_terms: D001769:Blood; D001771:Blood Banks / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001782:Blood Donors; D001792:Blood Platelets; D058731:Blood Safety; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008097:Lithuania / Q000453:epidemiology; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D016017:Odds Ratio; D060926:Remuneration; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies