title: Cigarette smoking is associated with increased diastolic blood pressure among Chinese nonagenarians/centenarians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cigarette smoking has been confirmed as a factor influencing arterial blood pressure. In the present study, we studied whether cigarette smoking habits were still associated with arterial blood pressure among Chinese nonagenarians/centenarians.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study analyzed data from a survey conducted on all residents aged 90 years or more in the DuJiangYan district (in total 2,311,709 inhabitants) in 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The individuals included in the statistical analysis were 216 men and 445 women. Individuals who were heavy smokers (76.62 ± 13.28 mmHg) had higher diastolic blood pressure, compared with medium and light smokers (72.33 ± 12.98 and 70.28 ± 10.31 mmHg) (F = 3.551, p = 0.030). There was a higher prevalence of diastolic hypertension (21.62% vs 5.75% and 7.14%, χ(2 =) 6.302, p = 0.043). Furthermore, there was a higher risk for diastolic hypertension in heavy smokers (OR = 3.886, 95% CI 1.241-12.161) (adjusted) compared with medium (OR = 1.475, 95% CI 0.599-3.360) and light smokers (1.00 reference). There was, however, no significant difference in systolic blood pressure or prevalence of systolic hypertension among the different smoking groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, we found that among Chinese nonagenarians/centenarians, heavy smoking (current or former) could increase diastolic blood pressure and prevalence of diastolic hypertension, but was not associated with changes in systolic blood pressure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dong-Qing
authors.forename: Huang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang-Quan
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yan-Ling
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bi-Rong
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qing-Xiu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Arterial blood pressure; cigarette smoking; nonagenarians/centenarians