title: Validation of a grading system for lateral nasal wall insufficiency.
abstract: This study was designed to validate a grading scheme for lateral nasal wall insufficiency with interrater and intrarater reliability measures. Representative endoscopic videos depicting varied degrees of lateral nasal wall insufficiency were collated into a 30-clip video (15 clips in duplicate). This was rated by five reviewers for a total of 150 observations. Interrater and intrarater reliability were determined using Fleiss kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) statistics, respectively. Good agreement was established between reviewers (interrater reliability), with a Fleiss kappa of 0.7733 (p < 0.01). Analysis of intrarater variability with the ICC revealed a very strong agreement (ICC = 0.88; p < 0.01). The proposed grading system is shown to have good interrater and intrarater reliability. It provides a reliable instrument for assessing lateral wall insufficiency.
authors.affiliation: Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Gabriel J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fijalkowski
authors.forename: Sam P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Most
keywords: Collapse; grading; internal valve; lateral nasal wall; lateral wall; nasal valve; obstruction