title: The relationship between teaching styles and motivation to teach among physical education teachers.
abstract: This study aims to investigate how teachers' motivation to teach is related to different teaching styles. A hundred and seventy six physical education teachers from five European countries participated in the study. Teachers' motivation was measured using an instrument developed by Roth et al., 2007 based on the Self-Determination Theory (Deci and Ryan, 1985) which was tested for suitability for use with physical education teachers. The use of teaching styles was assessed through teachers' self-reported data according to the description of teaching styles presented by Curtner-Smith et al., 2001. The revised confirmatory factor model of the teachers' motivation instrument, with three factors, met the criteria for satisfactory fit indices. The results showed that teachers were more intrinsically motivated to teach than externally. Cross-cultural comparison indicated that the Spanish teachers were more intrinsically motivated whilst Lithuanian teachers were more externally motivated than teachers from the other four countries. Teachers from all five countries reported a more frequent use of reproductive styles than productive styles. The results of the present study confirmed the hypotheses that teachers' autonomous motivation is related to the student-centered or productive teaching styles whilst non-autonomously motivated teachers adopt more teacher-centered or reproductive teaching styles. Intrinsic and introjected motivation was significantly higher among teachers who more frequently employed productive teaching styles than teachers who used them less frequently. Intrinsically motivated teachers using more productive teaching styles can contribute more to the promotion physical activity among students.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PE teachers were more intrinsically motivated to teach than externally.Spanish PE teachers were more intrinsically motivated, whereas Lithuanian PE teachers were more externally motivated.Teachers from all five countries reported a more frequent use of reproductive styles than productive styles.Teachers' autonomous motivation is related to student-centered teaching styles and not autonomously motivated teachers adopt more teacher-centered teaching styles.Intrinsic and introjected motivations were significantly higher among PE teachers using frequently productive teaching styles.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Exercise and Sports Sciences, University of Tartu , Estonia.
authors.forename: Vello
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ries
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: Agnese
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caune
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heszteráné Ekler
authors.forename: Arunas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Emeljanovas
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Valantiniene
keywords: Physical Activity; motivation; self-determination; teaching styles