title: Atorvastatin decreases bone loss, inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental periodontitis.
abstract: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of Atorvastatin treatment, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, in periodontal disease. Male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups of ten rats each: (1) non-ligated treatment (NL), (2) ligature only (L), (3) ligature plus 1 mg/kg Atorvastatin daily for 10 days, (4) ligature plus 5 mg/kg Atorvastatin daily for 10 days, and (5) ligature plus 10 mg/kg Atorvastatin daily for 10 days. Following the treatment course, the periodontal tissue of the animals was analyzed by Measurement of alveolar bone loss, Histopathology and immunohistochemistry to determine of the expression of COX-2, MMP-2, MMP9, and RANKL/RANK/OPG. ELISA assay was used to quantitate the levels of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, and glutathione. The periodontal group treated with 10 mg/kg of Atorvastatin (3.9±0.9 mm; p<0.05) showed reverse the alveolar bone loss caused Experimental Periodontal Disease compared to (L) (7.02±0.17 mm). The periodontal group treated with 10 mg/kg of Atorvastatin showed a significant reduction in MPO and MDA (p<0.05) compared to ligature only group (L). Similarly in this group, the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly decreased (p<0.05). Furthermore, MMP-2, MMP-9, RANKL/RANK, and COX-2 were all downregulated by Atorvastatin treatment, while OPG expression was increased. The findings support a role of Atorvastatin for reducing the bone loss, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and expression of extracellular matrix proteins, while reducing RANK/RANKL and increase OPG in periodontal disease.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduation Program in Functional and Structural Biology/Postgraduation Program Health Science/Department of Morphology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raimundo Fernandes
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: de Araújo Júnior
authors.forename: Tatiana Oliveira
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Lígia Moreno
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: de Moura
authors.forename: Kerginaldo Paulo
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Lélia Batista
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Maria do Socorro Costa Feitosa
authors.initials: Mdo S
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Hugo Oliveira
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Aurigena Antunes
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: de Araújo
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D006538:Heptanoic Acids; D011758:Pyrroles; D000069059:Atorvastatin