title: Effects of a bacteria-based probiotic on subpopulations of peripheral leukocytes and their cytokine mRNA expression in calves.
abstract: Eight Holstein calves (10 ± 3 weeks) were used to examine the interaction between a bacteria-based probiotic agent (probiotic) and the function of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The probiotic, consisting of Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium and Clostridium butyricum, was administered orally at 3.0 g/100 kg body weight to calves once daily for 5 consecutive days. Calves given the vehicle alone with no probiotic served as the control. In the treatment group, increases in numbers of CD282(+) (TLR2) monocytes, CD3(+) T cells and CD4(+), CD8(+) and WC1(+) γδ T cell subsets were noted on day 7 post-placement compared to predose day and the control group. Expression of interleukin (IL)-6, interferon-gamma (INF-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was elevated in peripheral leukocytes on days 7 and 14. These results suggest that peripheral blood leukocytes in healthy calves may be stimulated via the gastrointestinal microbiota, which was increased by the oral probiotic treatment, with overall stability of the rumen bacterial flora. The 5-day repeated administration of a bacteria-based probiotic may enhance cellular immune function in weaned calves.
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Abdul Qadir
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Qadis
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goya
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yatsu
authors.forename: Yu-Uki
authors.initials: YU
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichijo
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D046972:Clostridium butyricum; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016984:Enterococcus faecium; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma