title: Human cytidine deaminases facilitate hepatitis B virus evolution and link inflammation and hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: During hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, chronic inflammation facilitates the evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-promoting HBV mutants. Cytidine deaminases, whose expression is stimulated by inflammatory cytokines and/or chemokines, play an important role in bridging inflammation and HCC. Through G-to-A hypermutation, cytidine deaminases inhibit HBV replication and facilitate the generation of HCC-promoting HBV mutants including C-terminal-truncated HBx. Cytidine deaminases also promote cancer-related somatic mutations including TP53 mutations. Their editing efficiency is counteracted by uracil-DNA glycosylase. Understanding the effects of cytidine deaminases in HBV-induced hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC progression will aid in developing efficient prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against HCC in HBV-infected population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Chronic Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yangpu District, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: gcao@smmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guangwen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D003564:Cytidine Deaminase
keywords: Chronic HBV infection; Cytidine deaminase; Evolution; HBV mutation; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Somatic mutation