title: Amyloid beta(1-40)-induced astrogliosis and the effect of genistein treatment in rat: a three-dimensional confocal morphometric and proteomic study.
abstract: Astrocytes are highly involved in regulation and homeostasis of the extracellular environment in the healthy brain. In pathological conditions, these cells play a major role in the inflammatory response seen in CNS tissues, which is called reactive astrogliosis and includes hypertrophy and proliferation of astrocytes. Here, we performed 3D confocal microscopy to evaluate the morphological response of reactive astrocytes positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in rats, to the presence of Aβ(1-40) in the rat brain before and after treatment with genistein. In 50 astrocytes per animal, we measured the volume and surface area for the nucleus, cell body, the entire cell, the tissue covered by single astrocytes and quantified the number and length of branches, the density of the astrocytes and the intensity of GFAP immunoreactivity. Injecting Aβ(1-40) into the brain of rats caused astrogliosis indicated by increased values for all measured parameters. Mass spectrometric analysis of hippocampal tissue in Aβ(1-40)-injected brain showed decreased amounts of tubulins, enolases and myelin basic protein, and increased amounts of dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2. In Aβ(1-40)-injected rats pretreated with genistein, GFAP intensity was decreased to the sham-operated group level, and Aβ(1-40)-induced astrogliosis was significantly ameliorated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bagheri
authors.forename: Arjang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezakhani
authors.forename: Sofie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nyström
authors.forename: Maria V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Turkina
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roghani
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hammarström
authors.forename: Simin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohseni
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002452:Cell Count; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005911:Gliosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020543:Proteome / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D020543:Proteome; C078592:amyloid beta-protein (1-40); D019833:Genistein