title: Immature germ cells in semen - correlation with total sperm count and sperm motility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current data regarding infertility suggests that male factor contributes up to 30% of the total cases of infertility. Semen analysis reveals the presence of spermatozoa as well as a number of non-sperm cells, presently being mentioned in routine semen report as "round cells" without further differentiating them into leucocytes or immature germ cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to study a simple, cost-effective, and convenient method for differentiating the round cells in semen into immature germ cells and leucocytes and correlating them with total sperm counts and motility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Semen samples from 120 males, who had come for investigation for infertility, were collected, semen parameters recorded, and stained smears studied for different round cells. Statistical analysis of the data was done to correlate total sperm counts and sperm motility with the occurrence of immature germ cells and leucocytes. The average shedding of immature germ cells in different groups with normal and low sperm counts was compared. The clinical significance of "round cells" in semen and their differentiation into leucocytes and immature germ cells are discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Round cells in semen can be differentiated into immature germ cells and leucocytes using simple staining methods. The differential counts mentioned in a semen report give valuable and clinically relevant information. In this study, we observed a negative correlation between total count and immature germ cells, as well as sperm motility and shedding of immature germ cells. The latter was statistically significant with a P value 0.000.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Priya S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Rajendra S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Humbarwadi
authors.forename: Ashalata D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Anita R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gune
keywords: Immature germ cells; round cells; semen; total sperm count