title: Different expression of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 and αII-spectrin in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: Potential biomarkers in diagnosis.
abstract: The two primary categories of stroke, ischemic and hemorrhagic, both have fundamentally different mechanisms and thus different treatment options. These two stroke categories were applied to rat models to identify potential biomarkers that can distinguish between them. Ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) without reperfusion while hemorrhagic stroke was induced by injecting collagenase IV into the striatum. Brain hemispheres and biofluids were collected at two time points: 3 and 6h after stroke. Known molecules were tested on the rat samples via quantitative immunoblotting (injured brain, CSF) and Banyan's proprietary ELISA assays (CSF, serum). The injured brain quantitative analyses revealed that αII-spectrin breakdown products (SBDP150, SBDP145) were strongly increased after 6h ischemia. In CSF, SBDP145 and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) levels were elevated after 6h ischemic stroke detected by Western blot and ELISA. In serum UCH-L1 levels were increased after 3 and 6h of ischemia detected by ELISA. However, levels of those proteins in hemorrhagic stroke remain normal. In summary, in both the brain and the biofluids, SBDPs and UCH-L1 were elevated after ischemic but not hemorrhagic stroke. These molecules behaved differently in the two stroke models and thus may be capable of being differentiated.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Xuanwu-Banyan Biomarker Research and Assay Center, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Changhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Susie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zoltewicz
authors.forename: Joy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guingab-Cagmat
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anagli
authors.forename: Mingqing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hafeez
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jinqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Xiaokun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Firas
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kobeissy
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mondello
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Larner
authors.forename: Ronald L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Xunming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Yuchuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013049:Spectrin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013049:Spectrin; C489034:UCHL1 protein, rat; D043222:Ubiquitin Thiolesterase
keywords: Biomarker; Hemorrhagia; Ischemia; Stroke; Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1; αII-Spectrin