title: Ammonium stress in Arabidopsis: signaling, genetic loci, and physiological targets.
abstract: Ammonium (NH4(+)) toxicity is a significant ecological and agricultural issue, and an important phenomenon in cell biology. As a result of increasing soil nitrogen input and atmospheric deposition, plants have to deal with unprecedented NH4(+) stress from sources below and above ground. In this review, we describe recent advances in elucidating the signaling pathways and identifying the main physiological targets and genetic loci involved in the effects of NH4(+) stress in the roots and shoots of Arabidopsis thaliana. We outline new experimental approaches that are being used to study NH4(+) toxicity in Arabidopsis and propose an integrated view of behavior and signaling in response to NH4(+) stress in the Arabidopsis system.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Baohai
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Guangjie
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada.
authors.forename: Herbert J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kronzucker
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, D-53115, Germany.
authors.forename: František
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baluška
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China. Electronic address: wmshi@issas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Weiming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D056426:Genetic Loci / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds
keywords: ammonium toxicity; molecular components; physiological behavior; signaling location and response