title: Financial motivation undermines potential enjoyment in an intensive diet and activity intervention.
abstract: The use of material incentives in healthy lifestyle interventions is becoming widespread. However, self-determination theory (SDT) posits that when material incentives are perceived as controlling, they undermine intrinsic motivation. We analyzed data from the Make Better Choices trial-a trial testing strategies for improving four risk behaviors: low fruit-vegetable intake, high saturated fat intake, low physical activity, and high sedentary activity. At baseline, participants reported the degree to which financial incentives were an important motivator (financial motivation); self-reported enjoyment of each behavior was assessed before and after the 3-week incentivization phase. Consistent with SDT, after controlling for general motivation and group assignment, lower financial motivation predicted more adaptive changes in enjoyment. Whereas participants low in financial motivation experienced adaptive changes, adaptive changes were suppressed among those high in financial motivation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA, amoller@iit.edu.
authors.forename: Arlen C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Moller
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buscemi
authors.forename: H Gene
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: McFadden
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hedeker
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Spring
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D009043:Motor Activity; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D012201:Reward; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D014675:Vegetables