title: Temporal expression of IL-1β and IL-10 in rat skin, muscle, small bowel, and colon wounds: a correlative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytokines play a major role in coordinated wound healing events. We hypothesized that rapid intestinal healing is due to an early upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β), followed by increases in the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.
  
  
  METHODS
  We characterized the time course of IL-1β and IL-10 release at four wounds (skin, muscle, small bowel, and colonic anastomosis) after surgery on 38 juvenile male Sprague-Dawley rats. The tissue samples of each site were harvested at 0 (control), 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days postoperatively (n=6-8 per group) and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits for IL-1β and IL-10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-1β expression peaked at days 5 and 7 in small bowel and colonic wounds when compared to skin or muscle. Similarly, IL-10 showed high expression in these time points in small bowel and colonic wounds. However, IL-10 showed the same expression in all time points in muscle and skin tissues except at day 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high expression in IL-1β and IL-10 levels in small bowel and colon might explain the accelerated healing process in these wounds in comparison to skin and muscle tissues. Additional studies are required to determine whether IL-1β and IL-10 expression is the major factor defining site-specific differences in healing rates in different tissues. Understanding cytokine action in the wound healing process could lead to novel and effective therapeutic strategies.
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alzoghaibi
authors.forename: Abdullah I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Al-Oraini
authors.forename: Ali I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Al-Sagheir
authors.forename: Ahmad M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zubaidi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000276:immunology* / Q000293:injuries; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology* / Q000293:injuries; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000293:injuries; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology* / Q000293:injuries; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016753:Interleukin-10