title: A comparison of estimated glomerular filtration rates using Cockcroft-Gault and the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration estimating equations in HIV infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine whether the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI)- or Cockcroft-Gault (CG)-based estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) performs better in the cohort setting for predicting moderate/advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 9521 persons in the EuroSIDA study contributed 133 873 eGFRs. Poisson regression was used to model the incidence of moderate and advanced CKD (confirmed eGFR < 60 and < 30 mL/min/1.73 m(2) , respectively) or ESRD (fatal/nonfatal) using CG and CKD-EPI eGFRs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 133 873 eGFR values, the ratio of CG to CKD-EPI was ≥ 1.1 in 22 092 (16.5%) and the difference between them (CG minus CKD-EPI) was ≥ 10 mL/min/1.73 m(2) in 20 867 (15.6%). Differences between CKD-EPI and CG were much greater when CG was not standardized for body surface area (BSA). A total of 403 persons developed moderate CKD using CG [incidence 8.9/1000 person-years of follow-up (PYFU); 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.0-9.8] and 364 using CKD-EPI (incidence 7.3/1000 PYFU; 95% CI 6.5-8.0). CG-derived eGFRs were equal to CKD-EPI-derived eGFRs at predicting ESRD (n = 36) and death (n = 565), as measured by the Akaike information criterion. CG-based moderate and advanced CKDs were associated with ESRD [adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 7.17; 95% CI 2.65-19.36 and aIRR 23.46; 95% CI 8.54-64.48, respectively], as were CKD-EPI-based moderate and advanced CKDs (aIRR 12.41; 95% CI 4.74-32.51 and aIRR 12.44; 95% CI 4.83-32.03, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences between eGFRs using CG adjusted for BSA or CKD-EPI were modest. In the absence of a gold standard, the two formulae predicted clinical outcomes with equal precision and can be used to estimate GFR in HIV-positive persons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mocroft
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ryom
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reiss
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furrer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Arminio Monforte
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gatell
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Wit
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beniowski
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lundgren
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kirk
mesh_terms: D018450:Disease Progression; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: chronic kidney disease; eGFR; end stage renal disease; renal function