title: [Use of alizarin red S and alizarin complexone for immersion marking Sinocyclocheilus grahami].
abstract: In the present study, we examined the potential uses of Alizarin complexone and Alizarin red S to mark S. grahami larvae and juveniles. Individuals of different ages (6 days, 20 days, 90 days) were immersed in four concentrations of a solution of each chemical (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/L) for different periods of time (4-36 h). Marked individuals were euthanized 4-27 days after immersion, and the lapillus was removed and used to determine mark quality. After marking with 50-150 mg/L ALC and ARS, violet marks were visible under normal light, and scarlet fluorescent marks were visible under 510-560 nm green light. The clear marks under normal light were recorded, and a 100% survival rate was guaranteed under the following conditions: 6 day old larvae immersed in 50 mg/L ALC or ARS for 8h; 20 day old larvae immersed in 50 mg/L ALC or 100 mg/L ARS for 24h; 90 day old juveniles immersed in 100mg/L ALC or 150 mg/L ARS for 24 h.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China. yangjx@mail.kiz.ac.cn; chenxy@mail.kiz.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Ya-Peng
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiao-Fu
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Jun-Xing
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiao-Yong
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-Ai
authors.initials: XA
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zai-Yun
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000196:embryology*; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; C004468:Alizarin Red S; C010078:alizarin
keywords: Alizarin complexone; Alizarin red S; Otolith marking; Sinocyclocheilus grahami