title: MACC1 is related to colorectal cancer initiation and early-stage invasive growth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate metastasis associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) and MET expression in colorectal adenoma, Tis, early-stage invasive (T1 and T2), and advanced adenocarcinoma with liver metastasis using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three paraffin-embedded colorectal tumor specimens were immunohistochemically analyzed for MACC1 and MET protein expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MACC1 expression was upregulated in the transition from adenoma to Tis; its expression was further elevated during tumor progression from Tis to early invasive carcinoma. MET expression was constant from adenoma to Tis and to T1 but significantly increased as tumor progression to T2. Both MACC1 and MET expression were enhanced in advanced carcinoma with liver metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stepwise elevation of MACC1 expression in key points of colorectal cancer development suggests that MACC1 may contribute to cancer initiation and early invasive growth. High expression of both MACC1 and MET may relate to distant metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Address reprint request to Dr Cao, Dept of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 626, Rochester, NY 14642; wenqing_cao@URMC.Rochester.edu.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Vladislav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zakharov
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Loralee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: JiangZhou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wenqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*; D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C544162:MACC1 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C491743:MET protein, human; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met
keywords: Early-stage colorectal adenocarcinoma; MET; Metastasis associated in colon cancer 1; Neoplastic lesions