title: Awake surgery between art and science. Part I: clinical and operative settings.
abstract: Awake surgery requires coordinated teamwork and communication between the surgeon and the anesthesiologist, as he monitors the patient, the neuroradiologist as he interprets the images for intraoperative confirmation, and the neuropsychologist and neurophysiologist as they evaluate in real-time the patient's responses to commands and questions. To improve comparison across published studies on clinical assessment and operative settings in awake surgery, we reviewed the literature, focusing on methodological differences and aims. In complex, interdisciplinary medical care, such differences can affect the outcome and the cost-benefit ratio of the treatment. Standardization of intraoperative mapping and related controversies will be discussed in Part II.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Talacchi
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Casagrande
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alessandrini
authors.forename: Giada
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zoccatelli
authors.forename: Giovanna M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Squintani
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D018579:Patient Selection; D011300:Preoperative Care; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014851:Wakefulness