title: Molecular pathology of acute kidney injury in a choline-deficient model and fish oil protective effect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to investigate the potential protective effects of fish oil on the basis of kidney transcriptomic data on a nutritional experimental model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male weanling Wistar rats were divided into four groups and fed choline-deficient (CD) and choline-supplemented (CS) diets with vegetable oil (VO) and menhaden oil (MO): CSVO, CDVO, CSMO and CDMO. Animals were killed after receiving the diets for 6 days. Total RNA was purified from the right kidney and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip Rat Gene 1.0 ST Array. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All CSVO, CSMO and CDMO rats showed no renal alterations, while all CDVO rats showed renal cortical necrosis. A thorough analysis of the differential expression between groups CSMO and CDMO was carried out. There were no differential genes for p < 0.01. The analysis of the differential expression between groups CSVO and CSMO revealed 32 genes, 11 were over-expressed and 21 were under-expressed in CSMO rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work was part of a large set of experiments and was used in a hypothesis-generating manner. The comprehensive analysis of genetic expression allowed confirming that menhaden oil has a protective effect on this nutritional experimental model and identifying 32 genes that could be responsible for that protection, including Gstp1. These results reveal that gene changes could play a role in renal injury.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Patología Experimental y Aplicada (CPEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, J. E. Uriburu 950, 5º piso, (C1114AAD), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, vdenninghoff@cemic.edu.ar.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Denninghoff
authors.forename: Georgina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ossani
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uceda
authors.forename: Matias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rugnone
authors.forename: Elmer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fresno
authors.forename: German
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avagnina
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Elsner
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Monserrat
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002794:Choline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002796:Choline Deficiency / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D059467:Transcriptome; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005395:Fish Oils; C033266:Menhaden oil; D012313:RNA; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; C496558:Gstp1 protein, rat; D002794:Choline