title: Polyphenol variability in the fruits and juices of a cider apple progeny.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polyphenols have a favourable antioxidant potential on human health, suggesting that their high content in apple is responsible for the beneficial effects of apple consumption. They are also linked to the quality of apple juices and ciders since they are predominantly responsible for astringency, bitterness and colour. Major phenolic compounds were quantified by liquid chromatography in fruits and juices from a cider apple progeny harvested for 3 years. The total content of procyanidins and their average degree of polymerisation (DPn) were also determined in fruits by phloroglucinolysis. Variability and extraction yield of these compounds were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The variability observed in the progeny was representative of the variability observed in many cider apple varieties. Hydroxycinnamic acids were the most extractable group, with an average extraction yield of 67%, whereas flavonols and anthocyanins were the least.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first to introduce variability and extraction yields of the main phenolic compounds in both fruits and juices of a cider apple progeny. This dataset will be used for an upcoming QTL mapping study, an original approach that has never been undertaken for cider apple.
authors.affiliation: Université d'Angers, EA 921, Laboratoire de Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L'UNAM, 49045, Angers, France; Université d'Angers, UMR1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L'UNAM, 49045, Angers, France; AgroCampus-Ouest, UMR1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, 49045, Angers, France; INRA, UMR1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, 49071, Beaucouzé, France.
authors.forename: Cindy F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Verdu
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Childebrand
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marnet
authors.forename: Gildas
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lebail
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dupuis
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laurens
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guilet
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guyot
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004032:Diet / Q000208:ethnology; D005060:Europe; D063427:Food Quality; D005602:France; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055951:Functional Food / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins
keywords: HPLC; Malus x domestica; cider apple; extractability; phenolic compound; phloroglucinolysis