title: Genome editing using artificial site-specific nucleases in zebrafish.
abstract: Zebrafish is a model vertebrate suitable for genetic analysis. Forward genetic analysis via chemical mutagenesis screening has established a variety of zebrafish mutants that are defective in various types of organogenesis, and the genes responsible for the individual mutants have been identified from genome mapping. On the other hand, reverse genetic analysis via targeted gene disruption using embryonic stem (ES) cells (e.g., knockout mouse) can uncover gene functions by investigating the phenotypic effects. However, this approach is mostly limited to mice among the vertebrate models because of the difficulty in establishing ES cells. Recently, new gene targeting technologies, such as the transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 systems, have been developed: that can directly introduce genome modifications at the targeted genomic locus. Here, we summarize these new and powerful genome editing techniques for the study of zebrafish.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Cardiovascular Molecular Dynamics, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Furuedai 6-2-3, Suita, Osaka, 565-0874, Japan.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hisano
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawahara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes
keywords: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9; genome editing; heteroduplex mobility assay; transcription activator-like effector nucleases