title: Association of infant feeding and dietary intake on obesity prevalence in low-income toddlers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This cross-sectional study assesses the independent and combined effects of breastfeeding (BF) and dietary intake, specifically sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), on obesity prevalence in low-income, primarily Hispanic toddlers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following data were collected in 2011 via phone surveys with caregivers of 2295 low-income children (2-4 years) from Los Angeles County Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) programs: infant feeding, dietary intake, gestational diabetes status, birth weight, gestational age, and mother's BMI. WIC staff measured children's height and weight. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regressions assessed the independent and combined effects of BF and dietary intake on obesity prevalence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to no BF, BF ≥ 12 mos was associated with a 47% reduction in obesity prevalence (AOR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.4-0.8, P = 0.004). Compared to 2 + SSB/d, no SSB/d intake was associated with a 28% reduction in obesity prevalence (AOR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.5-1.0, P = 0.03). High intake of soda, diet soda, and fruit drinks were linked to increases in obesity prevalence. There was no effect of 100% juice, milk (plain or flavored) fruit, vegetable, fast food, or sweetened grain intake on obesity prevalence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings support encouragement of BF ≥ 12 mos and no SSB intake to prevent obesity in low-income, primarily Hispanic, toddlers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas, Austin Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Jaimie N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koleilat
authors.forename: Grace E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Shearrer
authors.forename: Shannon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Whaley
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D015141:Los Angeles; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D011203:Poverty; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013549:Sweetening Agents
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D013549:Sweetening Agents