title: Low levels of exposure to libby amphibole asbestos and localized pleural thickening.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the relationship between low levels of exposure to Libby amphibole asbestos (LAA) and pleural abnormalities, specifically localized pleural thickening (LPT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three studies presenting the risks associated with quantitative LAA exposure estimates were reviewed, paying particular attention to lower exposure ranges.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies reviewed were conducted among workers exposed to LAA at mining and milling operations in Libby, Montana, at a vermiculite processing facility in Marysville, Ohio, and community residents exposed to LAA from a vermiculite processing facility in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Pleural abnormalities were evaluated using radiographs. Despite differences in study populations and design, each study found that cumulative inhalation LAA exposure was associated with increased risk of LPT even at low levels of exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhalation exposure to LAA is associated with increased risk of LPT even at the lowest levels of exposure in each study.
authors.affiliation: From the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Krista Yorita
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Bateson
authors.forename: Leonid
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kopylev
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000633:toxicity; D017636:Asbestos, Amphibole / Q000633:toxicity*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008906:Mining; D008910:Minnesota; D009009:Montana; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009820:Ohio; D010994:Pleura / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D017636:Asbestos, Amphibole; C003760:vermiculite