title: The concept and method of closed reduction and internal fixation: a new approach for the treatment of simple zygoma fractures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors have developed a new minimally invasive surgical procedure for simple zygoma fractures, a closed reduction and internal fixation method, that uses a cannulated cortical screw system.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2007 to 2012, 42 selected patients with simple zygoma fractures without ocular problems or shear at the zygomatic frontal portion were treated with this method. The mean age of the patients was 33 years (range, 13 to 77 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors achieved good repositioning, equivalent to results achieved with conventional procedures in all cases. No notable complication occurred except for minor infection in two cases. Mean operative time was 32 minutes (range, 19 to 58 minutes). Postoperative relapse was found only in the posterior direction (p<0.001), but the distance of that was so small (mean, 0.47 mm) that it did not cause any problem clinically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although further improvement might be needed, such as screw specification, the closed reduction and internal fixation method has many advantages: short operative time, less effect on soft tissue, maintenance of bone healing potential, and decreased postoperative pain and swelling. The authors concluded that this method has the potential to become a future surgical procedure for simple zygoma fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic, IV.
authors.affiliation: Shimotuke, Tochigi, Japan From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University.
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uda
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamochi
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: Syunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarukawa
authors.forename: Ataru
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sunaga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001863:Bone Screws; D005260:Female; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D055815:Young Adult; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000601:surgery*