title: Antileukotriene reverts the early effects of inflammatory response of distal parenchyma in experimental chronic allergic inflammation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Compare the effects of montelukast or dexamethasone in distal lung parenchyma and airway walls of guinea pigs (GP) with chronic allergic inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  GP have inhaled ovalbumin (OVA group-2x/week/4weeks). After the 4th inhalation, GP were treated with montelukast or dexamethasone. After 72 hours of the 7th inhalation, GP were anesthetised, and lungs were removed and submitted to histopathological evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Montelukast and dexamethasone treatments reduced the number of eosinophils in airway wall and distal lung parenchyma compared to OVA group (P < 0.05). On distal parenchyma, both treatments were effective in reducing RANTES, NF- κ B, and fibronectin positive cells compared to OVA group (P < 0.001). Montelukast was more effective in reducing eotaxin positive cells on distal parenchyma compared to dexamethasone treatment (P < 0.001), while there was a more expressive reduction of IGF-I positive cells in OVA-D group (P < 0.001). On airway walls, montelukast and dexamethasone were effective in reducing IGF-I, RANTES, and fibronectin positive cells compared to OVA group (P < 0.05). Dexamethasone was more effective in reducing the number of eotaxin and NF- κ B positive cells than Montelukast (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this animal model, both treatments were effective in modulating allergic inflammation and remodeling distal lung parenchyma and airway wall, contributing to a better control of the inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo(USP), 01246-903 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nathália Brandão
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Gobbato
authors.forename: Flávia Castro Ribas
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Stella Bruna Napolitano
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Fumagalli
authors.forename: Fernanda Degobbi Tenório Quirino Dos Santos
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Carla Máximo
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Prado
authors.forename: Milton Arruda
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo
authors.initials: Ide F
authors.lastname: Tibério
authors.forename: Edna Aparecida
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Leick
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000633:toxicity; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013440:Sulfides
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; D003907:Dexamethasone; D010047:Ovalbumin; C093875:montelukast