title: Assessment of cardio-ankle vascular index in patients with cardiac syndrome-X: an observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Arterial stiffness is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), a novel marker of arterial stiffness, which is weakly influenced by systolic blood pressure, is a sensitive marker the atherosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis. The aim of this study is to investigate arterial stiffness by CAVI in patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX).
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study was observational and cross sectional, and involved 49 patients (26 male) with CSX (angina-like chest pain, positive electrocardiographic ischemic changes at treadmill exercise test, angiographically normal coronary arteries) and 54 healthy subjects (21 male). CAVI was measured by VaSera-1000 CAVI instrument. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square, Student t-test, correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CAVI and pulse pressure were significantly increased in patients with CSX compared to control group (7.50 ± 1.50, 6.49 ± 0.77, p<0.001; 53.00 ± 10.06, 47.39 ± 8.17, p=0.002, consecutively). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the age, weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, glucose, low density lipoprotein level, high density lipoprotein level, triglyceride, estimated creatinine clearance, hemoglobin, left atrium diameter, left ventricular mass, LVM index and ejection fraction. CAVI was the only independent predictor of CSX in logistic regression analysis (OR=1.780, 95% CI: 1.157-2.737, p=0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CAVI is increased in syndrome X patients and is an independent predictor of this syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Cardiology, Ahi Evren Chest and Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon-Turkey. ahmetaykan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ahmet Cağrı
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Aykan
authors.forename: Tayyar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gökdeniz
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gül
authors.forename: Faruk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boyacı
authors.forename: Turhan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Duygun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Altıntaş Aykan
authors.forename: Sükrü
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yıldız
mesh_terms: D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017566:Microvascular Angina / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D011859:Radiography