title: Red grape berry-cultured cells reduce blood pressure in rats with metabolic-like syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cumulative evidence suggests that moderate red wine consumption protects the cardiovascular system. The effect of cultured cells derived from red grape berry (RGC) on blood pressure (BP) has not been investigated. We therefore studied the antihypertensive effects of oral consumption of RGC in experimental rat model of metabolic-like syndrome and assessed its effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed for 5 weeks with either a high fructose diet (HFD) (n = 10) or HFD supplemented, during the last 2 weeks, with different doses (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg/day) of RGC suspended in their food (n = 30). BP, plasma triglycerides, insulin and adiponectin levels were measured at the beginning and after 3 and 5 weeks of diet. RGC effect on vasodilatation was evaluated by its ability to affect endothelin-1 (ET-1) production and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in HUVECs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BP, plasma triglycerides, insulin and adiponectin increased significantly in rats fed with a HFD. The increase in BP, plasma triglycerides and insulin was attenuated by RGC supplementation. Incubation of HUVECs with RGC demonstrated a concentration-dependent inhibition of ET-1 secretion and increase in the level of eNOS, signaling a positive effect of RGC on vasodilatation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In rats with metabolic-like syndrome, RGC decreased BP and improved metabolic parameters. These beneficial effects may be mediated by the cell constituents, highly rich with polyphenols and resveratrol, reside in their natural state.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine D and the Hypertension Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Israel, Avshalom.Leibowitz@sheba.health.gov.il.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leibowitz
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Faltin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perl
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Eshdat
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hagay
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peleg
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grossman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D019332:Endothelin-1; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III