title: Dermal fillers: facts and controversies.
abstract: Dermal fillers have been used for decades in soft tissue augmentation. Currently, filler implementation is among the most common minimally invasive procedures for rejuvenation and body sculpturing. There is a broad variety of filler materials and products. Despite immense experience, a number of controversies in this topic exist. Some of these controversies are addressed in this review, for example, who should perform filler injections, the difference between permanent and nonpermanent fillers, the off-label use of liquid silicone, and the role of pain reduction. Implementation of guidelines and restriction of filler use by trained physicians can improve safety for patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Academic Teaching Hospital Dresden-Friedrichstadt, 01067 Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: wollina-uw@khdf.de.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wollina
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003094:Collagen; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D020100:Hydrogels; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D012827:Silicone Oils; D015595:Skin Aging
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; D012827:Silicone Oils; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate