title: Paediatric GI emergencies.
abstract: Paediatric GI emergencies constitute a wide range of gut pathologies ranging from those that are common, easily diagnosed and treated to conditions that are rarer, often more severe and challenging to manage. Among a myriad of ordinary clinical symptoms and signs physicians have to identify the child with a serious, life-threatening pathology and initiate the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic pathway. The aim of the review is to present and discuss a selection of key paediatric GI emergencies that provide challenges in diagnosis and treatment. These conditions are classified by their presentation or pathogenesis and include inflammatory conditions, those presenting with GI obstruction or haemorrhage and the ingestion of foreign bodies or caustic substances. The most recent advances regarding the management of these entities are discussed along with key areas of clinical practice and future research.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Efstratios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saliakellis
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Borrelli
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thapar
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004630:Emergencies; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract; D006801:Humans; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Children; Emergencies; Foreign body ingestion; Gastrointestinal; Gastrointestinal bleeding; Intestinal obstruction; Paediatrics