title: Clinical outcomes and risk factors of hepatitis B virus recurrence in patients who received prophylaxis with entecavir and hepatitis B immunoglobulin following liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although entecavir (ETV) and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) have widely been used for prophylaxis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence following liver transplantation (OLT), there have been few studies about clinical outcomes and risk factors of HBV recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study retrospectively assessed clinical outcomes and identified risk factors of post-transplant HBV recurrence in 154 patients who received prophylaxis with both ETV and HBIG after OLT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median follow-up duration was 28.0 months (range, 1.0-57.8). Post-transplant HBV recurrence occurred in 5 patients (3.2%) without any ETV-resistant mutants. The overall rates of HBV recurrence at 1, 2, and 4 years were 0.6%, 1.6%, and 6.2%, respectively. We found that recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was an independent risk factor of HBV recurrence (hazard ratio = 13.5, 95% confidence interval, 2.4-74.4; P = .006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prophylaxis with a combination of ETV and HBIG resulted in a low HBV recurrence rate following OLT without any emergence of ETV-resistant mutants. Recurrent HCC was an independent risk factor of HBV recurrence in patients who received prophylaxis with both ETV and HBIG for prophylaxis following OLT.
authors.affiliation: Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Y-K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S-J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007136:Immunoglobulins; C413685:entecavir; D006147:Guanine; C045213:hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin