title: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel disease: an association study in New Zealand Caucasians and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) promoter polymorphisms with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand and six New Zealand Caucasian cases and 540 Caucasian controls were genotyped for the MIF SNP -173G > C (rs755622) and the repeat polymorphism CATT₅₋₈ (rs5844572) using a pre-designed TaqMan SNP assay and capillary electrophoresis, respectively. Data were analysed for single site and haplotype association with IBD risk and phenotype. Meta-analysis was employed, to assess cumulative evidence of association of MIF -173G > C with IBD. All published genotype data for MIF -173G > C in IBD were identified using PubMed and subsequently searching the references of all PubMed-identified studies. Imputed genotypes for MIF -173G > C were generated from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases). Separate meta-analyses were performed on Caucasian Crohn's disease (CD) (3863 patients, 6031 controls), Caucasian ulcerative colitis (UC) (1260 patients, 1987 controls), and East Asian UC (416 patients and 789 controls) datasets using the Mantel-Haenszel method. The New Zealand dataset had 93% power, and the meta-analyses had 100% power to detect an effect size of OR = 1.40 at α = 0.05, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our New Zealand dataset, single-site analysis found no evidence of association of MIF polymorphisms with overall risk of CD, UC, and IBD or disease phenotype (all P values > 0.05). Haplotype analysis found the CATT₅/-173C haplotype occurred at a higher frequency in New Zealand controls compared to IBD patients (0.6 vs 0.01; P = 0.03, OR = 0.22; 95%CI: 0.05-0.99), but this association did not survive bonferroni correction. Meta-analysis of our New Zealand MIF -173G > C data with data from seven additional Caucasian datasets using a random effects model found no association of MIF polymorphisms with CD, UC, or overall IBD. Similarly, meta-analysis of all published MIF -173G > C data from East Asian datasets (416 UC patients, 789 controls) found no association of this promoter polymorphism with UC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no evidence of association of MIF promoter polymorphisms with IBD.
authors.affiliation: James D Falvey, Robert W Bentley, Richard B Gearry, Murray L Barclay, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand.
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Falvey
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Bentley
authors.forename: Tony R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Merriman
authors.forename: Mark B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hampton
authors.forename: Murray L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Barclay
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gearry
authors.forename: Rebecca L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C515598:MIF protein, human
keywords: Crohn’s disease; Genetic association study; Migration inhibitory factor; Ulcerative colitis; rs5844572; rs755622