title: CD44+/CD133+ immunophenotype and matrix metalloproteinase-9: Influence on prognosis in early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of CD44 and/or CD133 immunophenotypes and the associated effects of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in early-stage oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) to assess their influence on tumor prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following data were derived from 150 patients: age, sex, primary anatomic site, smoking status, alcohol intake, recurrence, metastases, histological classification, treatment, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Immunohistochemical study of CD44, CD133, and MMP-9 expression was performed on a tissue microarray of 150 paraffin blocks of oral SCCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The predominant immunophenotype identified to exhibit a significant correlation with MMP-9 was the CD44+/CD133+. Multivariate analyses identified a significant correlation of OS with surgical treatment and with CD44+/CD133+ immunophenotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This investigation demonstrated the prognostic importance of CD44/CD133 expression, which can help improve the prognostic value of surgical treatment for oral SCCs when diagnosed in early stages.
authors.affiliation: Vale do Rio Verde University (UninCor), Tres Coraçoes, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucinei R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Andrielle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castilho-Fernandes
authors.forename: João Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Oliveira-Costa
authors.forename: Fernando A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zucoloto
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribeiro-Silva
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: CD133; CD44; cancer stem cells; matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9); oral cancer