title: Clinical guidelines for management of thyroid nodule and cancer during pregnancy.
abstract: Special considerations are warranted in management of thyroid nodule and thyroid cancer during pregnancy. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach of thyroid nodules follows the standard practice in non-pregnant women. On the other hand, differentiated thyroid cancer management during pregnancy poses a number of challenges for the mother and fetus. The available data show that pregnancy is not a risk factor for thyroid cancer development or recurrence, although flare-ups cannot be completely ruled out in women with active disease. If surgery is needed, it should be performed during the second term or, preferably, after delivery. A majority of pregnant patients with low-risk disease only need adjustment in levothyroxine therapy. However, women with increased serum thyroglobulin levels before pregnancy or structural disease require regular thyroglobulin measurements and neck ultrasound throughout pregnancy. Pregnancy is an absolute contraindication for radioactive iodine administration.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Endocrinología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España. Electronic address: jcgalofre@unav.es.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Galofré
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Garcilaso
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riesco-Eizaguirre
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Escolá
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D016606:Thyroid Nodule / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Cáncer de tiroides; Embarazo; Guideline; Guía; Nódulo tiroideo; Pregnancy; Thyroid cancer; Thyroid nodule