title: Genetic and molecular alterations in pancreatic cancer: implications for personalized medicine.
abstract: Recent advances in human genomics and biotechnologies have profound impacts on medical research and clinical practice. Individual genomic information, including DNA sequences and gene expression profiles, can be used for prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment for many complex diseases. Personalized medicine attempts to tailor medical care to individual patients by incorporating their genomic information. In a case of pancreatic cancer, the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States, alteration in many genes as well as molecular profiles in blood, pancreas tissue, and pancreas juice has recently been discovered to be closely associated with tumorigenesis or prognosis of the cancer. This review aims to summarize recent advances of important genes, proteins, and microRNAs that play a critical role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, and to provide implications for personalized medicine in pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Surgeon Research Center, Division of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A. and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yantian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Qizhi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Zongyou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jianbin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Fisher E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: William
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: Changyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009857:Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins