title: Sociodemographic factors associated with tobacco smoking among intermediate and secondary school students in Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objectives of this study were to (i) determine the prevalence of and characteristics associated with tobacco smoking; (ii) identify the factors associated with tobacco smoking; and (iii) evaluate the association between tobacco smoking and khat chewing among intermediate and secondary school students in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample (N = 4100) of intermediate and secondary school students in Jazan Region. The data were collected using a pretested modified version of the global youth tobacco survey questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 3923 students from 72 intermediate and secondary schools for males and females in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia, were included in this study. The ever having smoked prevalence was 17.3%, and the current smoking prevalence was 10.7%. The most important independent predictors of smoking were academic performance (odds ratio [OR]: 5.32), having friends who used khat (OR: 3.23), and having friends who used tobacco (OR: 2.88).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding the factors and predictors associated with tobacco use are crucial to identifying high-risk groups to design tobacco prevention and control programs. For the first time, a strong and statistically significant association was identified between tobacco smoking and khat chewing among intermediate and secondary school students in Jazan Region. Because the use of khat is increasingly spreading outside of its traditional areas to Europe and America, this finding may have an important impact on tobacco control efforts internationally.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , Jazan University , Jazan , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdelrahim Mutwakel
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gaffar
authors.forename: Rashad Mohammed
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Alsanosy
authors.forename: Mohamed Salih
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mahfouz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D029754:Catha; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012574:Schools; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult