title: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rice grain dried by different processes: evaluation of a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe extraction method.
abstract: This study aims at developing a method for the determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rice grain samples by combining the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method and determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS). Quantification limits ranging from 1 to 5μgkg(-1) were obtained. Recoveries ranged from 70% to 106% for most of the 16 PAHs under analysis. The optimised methodology was applied to assess safety concerning the content of PAHs in white and parboiled rice samples, dried by gas and wood burning. Although benzo(a)pyrene, the marker used for evaluating the carcinogenic risk of PAHs in food, was not detected in the samples, naphthalene and phenanthrene were detected in all of them. Since cereals have been shown to be an important source of PAHs in the diet, methods that perform the evaluation of the quality of this food group become relevant.
authors.affiliation: Program in Physiological Science - Comparative Animal Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av Itália, km 8, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State 96201-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: A L V
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Escarrone
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Caldas
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Furlong
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Meneghetti
authors.forename: C A A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Fagundes
authors.forename: J L O
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Primel
mesh_terms: D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
keywords: GC–EI–MS; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; QuEChERS; Rice