title: Corrosion of carbon steel by bacteria from North Sea offshore seawater injection systems: laboratory investigation.
abstract: Influence of sulfidogenic bacteria, from a North Sea seawater injection system, on the corrosion of S235JR carbon steel was studied in a flow bioreactor; operating anaerobically for 100days with either inoculated or filtrated seawater. Deposits formed on steel placed in reactors contained magnesium and calcium minerals plus iron sulfide. The dominant biofilm-forming organism was an anaerobic bacterium, genus Caminicella, known to produce hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. Open Circuit Potentials (OCP) of steel in the reactors was, for nearly the entire test duration, in the range -800<E(OCP)/mV (vs. SCE)<-700. Generally, the overall corrosion rate, expressed as 1/(Rp/Ω), was lower in the inoculated seawater though they varied significantly on both reactors. Initial and final corrosion rates were virtually identical, namely initial 1/(Rp/Ω)=2×10(-6)±5×10(-7) and final 1/(Rp/Ω)=1.1×10(-5)±2.5×10(-6). Measured data, including electrochemical noise transients and statistical parameters (0.05<Localized Index<1; -5<Skewness<-5; Kurtosis>45), suggested pitting on steel samples within the inoculated environment. However, the actual degree of corrosion could neither be directly correlated with the electrochemical data and nor with the steel corrosion in the filtrated seawater environment. Further laboratory tests are thought to clarify the noticed apparent discrepancies.
authors.affiliation: Det Norske Veritas, Johan Berentsens vei 109-111, 5163 Laksevåg, Bergen, Norway; Laboratoire de Génie Chimique CNRS-INPT, Université de Toulouse, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stipanicev
authors.affiliation: Det Norske Veritas, Johan Berentsens vei 109-111, 5163 Laksevåg, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Florin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turcu
authors.affiliation: Det Norske Veritas, Johan Berentsens vei 109-111, 5163 Laksevåg, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Loïc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Esnault
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Génie Chimique CNRS-INPT, Université de Toulouse, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rosas
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Génie Chimique CNRS-INPT, Université de Toulouse, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Régine
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Basseguy
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sztyler
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK; Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Iwona B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Beech
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D019149:Bioreactors; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D003343:Corrosion; D004867:Equipment Design; D016965:Gram-Negative Anaerobic Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods / Q000502:physiology*; D009659:North Sea; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D013232:Steel / Q000737:chemistry*; D013440:Sulfides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013440:Sulfides; D013232:Steel; D002244:Carbon
keywords: Bacterium; Carbon steel; Corrosion; Seawater injection