title: Spinal cord injury and type 2 diabetes: results from a population health survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between spinal cord injury (SCI) and type 2 diabetes in a large representative sample and to determine whether an association exists irrespective of known risk factors for type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained on 60,678 respondents to the Statistics Canada 2010 Cycle of the cross-sectional Canadian Community Health Survey. Multivariable logistic regression, incorporating adjustment for confounders and probability weights to account for the Canadian Community Health Survey sampling method, was conducted to quantify this association.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for both sex and age, SCI was associated with a significant increased odds of type 2 diabetes (adjusted odds ratio = 1.66, 95% confidence interval 1.16-2.36). These heightened odds persisted after additional adjustment for smoking status, hypertension status, body mass index, daily physical activity, alcohol intake, and daily consumption of fruits and vegetables (fully adjusted odds ratio = 2.45, 95% confidence interval 1.34-4.47).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a strong association between SCI and type 2 diabetes, which is not explained by known risk factors for type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: From the School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine (J.J.C.), International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (J.J.C., A.K., J.F.B.), Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics (M.D.), Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (A.K.), and Cardiovascular Imaging Research Core Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (G.B.J.M.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Rick Hansen Institute (V.K.N.), Vancouver; Acute Spine Program (M.D.), Vancouver General Hospital; GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre (A.K.), Vancouver Health Authority, Vancouver; and British Columbia Institute of Technology (J.F.B.), Burnaby, Canada.
authors.forename: Jacquelyn J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cragg
authors.forename: Vanessa K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Noonan
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dvorak
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krassioukov
authors.forename: G B John
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: Jaimie F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Borisoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*