title: Choosing between an apple and a chocolate bar: the impact of health and taste labels.
abstract: Increasing the consumption of fruit and vegetables is a central component of improving population health. Reasons people give for choosing one food over another suggest health is of lower importance than taste. This study assesses the impact of using a simple descriptive label to highlight the taste as opposed to the health value of fruit on the likelihood of its selection. Participants (N=439) were randomly allocated to one of five groups that varied in the label added to an apple: apple; healthy apple; succulent apple; healthy and succulent apple; succulent and healthy apple. The primary outcome measure was selection of either an apple or a chocolate bar as a dessert. Measures of the perceived qualities of the apple (taste, health, value, quality, satiety) and of participant characteristics (restraint, belief that tasty foods are unhealthy, BMI) were also taken. When compared with apple selection without any descriptor (50%), the labels combining both health and taste descriptors significantly increased selection of the apple ('healthy & succulent' 65.9% and 'succulent & healthy' 62.4%), while the use of a single descriptor had no impact on the rate of apple selection ('healthy' 50.5% and 'succulent' 52%). The strongest predictors of individual dessert choice were the taste score given to the apple, and the lack of belief that healthy foods are not tasty. Interventions that emphasize the taste attributes of healthier foods are likely to be more effective at achieving healthier diets than those emphasizing health alone.
authors.affiliation: Behaviour and Health Research Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Suzanna E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Forwood
authors.forename: Alexander D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Gareth J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Hollands
authors.forename: Theresa M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Marteau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002099:Cacao; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D027845:Malus; D013649:Taste