title: Rotavirus vaccines: successes and challenges.
abstract: Since 2006, the availability of two new rotavirus vaccines has raised enthusiasm to consider the eventual control and elimination of severe rotavirus diarrhea through the global use of vaccines. Rotavirus remains the most severe cause of acute diarrhea in children worldwide responsible for several hundred thousands of deaths in low income countries and up to half of hospital admissions for diarrhea around the world. The new vaccines have been recommended by WHO for all infants and in more than 47 countries, their introduction into routine childhood immunization programs has led to a remarkable decline in hospital admissions and even deaths within 3 years of introduction. Challenges remain with issues of vaccine finance globally and the problem that these live oral vaccines perform less well in low income settings where they are needed most. Ongoing research that will accompany vaccine introduction might help address these issues of efficacy and new vaccines and novel financing schemes may both help make these vaccines universally available and affordable in the decade.
authors.affiliation: Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Drive, Mailstop 2220, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: glassr@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Roger I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: Umesh
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Parashar
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gentsch
authors.forename: Baoming
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D061889:Healthcare Financing; D006801:Humans; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000191:economics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000600:supply & distribution
chemical_list: D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines
keywords: Childhood diarrhea; Rotavirus; Vaccines