title: Healthcare professionals' response to cachexia in advanced cancer: a qualitative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore healthcare professionals' experience, understanding, and perception of the needs of patients with cachexia in advanced cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative approach based on symbolic interactionism.
  
  
  METHODS
  A regional cancer center in a large teaching hospital in the United Kingdom.
  
  
  METHODS
  34 healthcare professionals who had experience providing care to patients with cachexia in advanced cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data collection consisted of two phases: focus group and semistructured interviews. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis. This article reports on findings from the second phase of data collection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis revealed that professional approaches to cachexia were influenced by three overarching and interthinking themes: knowledge, culture, and resources. Healthcare professionals commonly recognized the impact of the syndrome; however, for nonpalliative healthcare professionals, a culture of avoidance and an overreliance on the biomedical model of care had considerable influence on the management of cachexia in patients with advanced cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cachexia management in patients with advanced cancer can be difficult and is directed by a variable combination of the influence of knowledge, culture of the clinical area, and available resources. Distinct differences exist in the management of cachexia among palliative and nonpalliative care professionals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study presented a multiprofessional perspective on the management of cachexia in patients with advanced cancer and revealed that cachexia is a complex and challenging syndrome that needs to be addressed from a holistic model of care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cachexia management in patients with advanced cancer is complex and challenging and is directed by a combination of variables. An overreliance on the biomedical model of health and illness occurs in the management of cachexia in patients with advanced cancer. Cachexia needs to be addressed from a holistic model of care to reflect the multidimensional needs of patients and their families.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Millar
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Porter
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002100:Cachexia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D002173:Cancer Care Facilities; D003469:Culture; D017144:Focus Groups; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D009720:Nurse Clinicians / Q000523:psychology; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology; D064686:Nutritionists / Q000523:psychology; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000523:psychology; D010564:Personnel, Hospital / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D036301:Qualitative Research; D017748:Time Management; D006113:United Kingdom; D015431:Weight Loss