title: Production and genetic characterization of near-isogenic lines in the bread-wheat cultivar Alpe.
abstract: Two biotypes of the bread-wheat cultivar Alpe were shown to possess contrasting alleles at each of the glutenin (Glu-B1, Glu-D1, Glu-B3 and Glu-D3) and gliadin (Gli-B1 and Gli-D1) loci on chromosomes 1B and 1D. Fourteen near-isogenic lines (NILs) were produced by crossing these biotypes and used to determine the genetic control of both low-molecular-weight (LMW) glutenin subunits and gliadins by means of one-dimensional or two-dimensional electrophoresis. Genes coding for the B, C and D groups of EMW subunits were found to be inherited in clusters tightly linked with those controlling gliadins. Southern-blot analysis of total genomic DNAs hybridized to a γ-gliadin-specific cDNA clone revealed that seven NILs lack both the Gli-D1 and Glu-D3 loci on chromosome 1D. Segregation data indicated that these "null" alleles are normally inherited. Comparison of the "null" NILs with those possessing allele b at the Glu-D3 locus showed one B subunit, seven C subunits and two D subunits, as fractionated by two-dimensional A-PAGExSDS-PAGE, to be encoded by this allele. Alleles b and k at Glu-B3 were found to code for two C subunits plus eight and six B subunits respectively, whereas alleles b and k at Gli-B1 each controlled the synthesis of two β-gliadins, one γ and two ω-gliadins. The novel Gli-B5 locus coding for two ω-gliadins was shown to recombine with the Gli-B1 locus on chromosome 1B. The two-dimensional map of glutenin subunits showed α-gliadins encoded at the Gli-A2 locus on chromosome 6A. The use of Alpe NILs in the study of the individual and combined effects of glutenin subunits on dough properties is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Section of Applied Genetics, Istituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura, via Cassia 176, 00191, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Pogna
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Redaelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaccino
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Biancardi
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Peruffo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Curioni
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Metakovsky
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pagliaricci