title: Semiautomated solid-phase extraction manifold with a solvent-level sensor.
abstract: A semiautomated solid-phase extraction manifold for multiple extractions is presented. The manifold utilizes commercial solid-phase syringe cartridges and automatically introduces and elutes all the solvents during the extraction, reducing the typical workload and stress of the analyst. The manifold consists of a peristaltic pump with solenoid valves in a flow circuit that contains transmissive photomicrosensors. The photomicrosensors were used to control the solvent dispenser and the solvent level inside the cartridge. As solvent-level sensors, the photomicrosensors determined the exact time the solvent reached the top frit to avoid sorbent drying and accurately perform the solvent exchange. The repeatability of the manifold to introduce a particular volume of solvent into the cartridges was measured, and the precisions were between 0.05 and 2.89% (RSD). To evaluate the manifold, the amount of two fluoroquinolones in a fortified blank milk sample was determined. The results of the intra- and inter-day precision of multiple extractions from the fortified milk samples resulted in precisions better than 9.0% (RSD) and confirmed that the arrangement of the semiautomated manifold could adequately be used in solid-phase extraction with commercial cartridges.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, PO Box 6154, 13084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: orlandoricardo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rath
authors.forename: J J R
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rohwedder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D057205:Automation, Laboratory; D002138:Calibration; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D012997:Solvents; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; C080260:marbofloxacin; C047224:sarafloxacin
keywords: Fluoroquinolones; Semiautomated solid-phase extraction; Solvent-level sensor