title: Ultrasound assisted production of fatty acid methyl esters from transesterification of triglycerides with methanol in the presence of KOH catalyst: optimization, mechanism and kinetics.
abstract: Ultrasound assisted transesterification of triglycerides (TG) with methanol in the presence of KOH catalyst was investigated, where the changes in the reactants and products (diglycerides (DG), monoglycerides (MG), fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and glycerin (GL)) concentrations were discussed to understand the reaction mechanism and kinetics under ultrasound irradiation. The optimum reaction condition for the FAME production was the concentration of KOH 1.0 wt.%, molar ratio of TG to methanol of 1:6, and irradiation time of 25 min. The rate constants during the TG transesterification with methanol into GL and FAME were estimated by a curve fitting method with simulated curves to the obtained experimental results. The rate constants of [Formula: see text] were estimated to be 0.21, 0.008, 0.23, 0.005, 0.14 and 0.001 L mol(-1)min(-1), respectively. The rate determining step for the TG transesterification with methanol into GL and FAME was the reaction of MG with methanol into GL and FAME.
authors.affiliation: Research Organization for University-Community Collaborations, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; Faculty of Environmental Science, University of Sciences, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu St., Dist. 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Le Tu
authors.initials: le T
authors.lastname: Thanh
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okitsu
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bandow
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D004951:Esterification; D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry*; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006878:Hydroxides; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D014280:Triglycerides; D005990:Glycerol; C029943:potassium hydroxide; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Fatty acid methyl esters; Kinetics; Transesterification; Triglycerides; Ultrasound irradiation