title: The role of the nervous system in hematopoietic stem cell mobilization.
abstract: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and blood cell progenitors, such as maturing leucocytes, steadily enter from bone marrow (BM) into the circulation under steady-state conditions, and their mobilization is dramatically amplified during stress conditions and by mediators such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). This mobilization is dependent upon bone remodeling, the proteolytic enzymes of bone marrow-derived stromal cells, and adhesion molecules such as integrin, but the main mechanisms controlling this traffic are still unclear. The nervous system, as the most important regulator of the body, can affect the mobilization network by secreting catecholamines, so that denervation of catecholaminergic fibers in the BM of mice could lead to declining mobilization in steady state and stress situations, even in the presence of other intact environmental factors in the BM. Thus, due to the importance of the nervous system, we have attempted to give a general overview of how the nervous system is involved in the mobilization of HSCs in this review. Then, we will try to describe the mobilization process induced by the nervous system, which consists of 3 mechanisms: stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1)/CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), proteolytic enzymes, and bone remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fakhredin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saba
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soleimani
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Atashi
authors.forename: Esmaeil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mortaz
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahjahani
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roshandel
authors.forename: Kaveh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jaseb
authors.forename: Najmaldin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000378:metabolism; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009420:Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism*; D059748:Proteolysis; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4
keywords: Hematopoietic stem cells; Mobilization; Nervous system