title: Characterization of alginate beads loaded with ibuprofen lysine salt and optimization of the preparation method.
abstract: The parameters influencing alginate ionotropic gelation and the production of alginate beads loaded with hydrosoluble ibuprofen lysine salt (IBU-L) were studied, as well as the optimization of the method for its attainment. A three-factor and three-level factorial design (3(3)) was carried out to determine the influence of three experimental variables: polymer concentration, CaCl2 concentration, and curing time on the dependent variables drug load and encapsulation efficiency. The effect of the pH used in the preparation bath was also evaluated. Concentrations of CaCl2 and pH of gelling bath were seen to affect bead formation and stability as well as their ability to properly entrap the drug. In this work, IBU-L was used as a model of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with good solubility in alginate solutions. IBU-L was successfully encapsulated in alginate beads obtained by the ionotropic gelation method. The obtained alginate matrixes are able to modify the release of the entrapped IBU-L and this occurs in a pH-sensitive way that can be correlated with the swelling behaviour of the alginate-produced beads. Morphological characteristics were evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Parmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: fcaballero@ars-vitae.com.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.affiliation: Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Parmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foradada
authors.affiliation: Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Parmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miñarro
authors.affiliation: Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Parmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pérez-Lozano
authors.affiliation: Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Parmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Montoya
authors.affiliation: Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Parmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ticó
authors.affiliation: Unit of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy and Parmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Suñé-Negre
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry*; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004339:Drug Compounding; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D008239:Lysine; D002122:Calcium Chloride; C016106:solufenum; D007052:Ibuprofen
keywords: Alginate beads; Ibuprofen lysine; Microcapsules; Slow release; pH sensitiveness