title: The incidence and severity of pulmonary hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea with hypothyroidism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypothyroidism and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are both common health problems and can be seen together. Each of these 2 diseases can cause pulmonary hypertension (PH). We aimed to determine whether hypothyroidism with OSA has a significant effect on the frequency and severity of PH.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 236 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into 3 groups: Group I, Obstructive Sleep Apnea (n=149); Group II, Hypothyroidism (n=56); and Group III, Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypothyroidism (n=31). All patients underwent polysomnography and echocardiography and serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine 4 (FT4) were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 167 male and 69 female participants, and the mean age was 47.8 ± 11.5 (Group I: 81.9% male, 18.1% female; Group II: 44.6% male, 55.4% female; Group III: 64.6% male, 35.4% female). Distribution of mean pulmonary arterial pressure on echocardiography was statistically different among the 3 groups (x(2)=14.99, p=0.006). When adjusted according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), age, and body mass index (BMI), a significant relation with PH was determined (p=0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of hypothyroidism with OSA is associated with an increased frequency and severity of PH. When PH is found out of line with the severity of OSA, thyroid dysfunction should be investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Ataturk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Araz
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yilmazel Ucar
authors.forename: Aslihan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.forename: Didem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pulur
authors.forename: Hamit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Acemoglu
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tas
authors.forename: Leyla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saglam
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akgun
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirici
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000150:complications*; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D013972:Thyrotropin