title: Influence of nanosecond pulsed laser irradiance on the viability of nanoparticle-loaded cells: implications for safety of contrast-enhanced photoacoustic imaging.
abstract: Photoacoustic imaging, a promising new diagnostic medical imaging modality, can provide high contrast images of molecular features by introducing highly-absorbing plasmonic nanoparticles. Currently, it is uncertain whether the absorption of low fluence pulsed light by plasmonic nanoparticles could lead to cellular damage. In our studies we have shown that low fluence pulsed laser excitation of accumulated nanoparticles at low concentration does not impact cell growth and viability, while we identify thresholds at which higher nanoparticle concentrations and fluences produce clear evidence of cell death. The results provide insights for improved design of photoacoustic contrast agents and for applications in combined imaging and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Carolyn L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Bayer
authors.forename: Juili
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kelvekar
authors.forename: Stanislav Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Emelianov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000378:metabolism*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006046:Gold