title: Effectiveness of medial rectus advancement alone or in combination with resection or lateral rectus recession in the management of consecutive exotropia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively determine the long-term success of medial rectus advancement alone or in combination with other procedures in the management of consecutive exotropia.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients with consecutive exotropia who underwent medial rectus advancement alone or in combination with medial rectus resection or lateral rectus recession or both, performed by a single surgeon between 1999 and 2010, were included. Initially, a retrospective review was performed. Patients were then recalled and examined by a masked observer. Good results were defined as final alignment within 10(Δ) of orthotropia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 46 patients were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 43 ± 15.5 years (range, 14-76) and a mean exotropia of 32 ± 18(Δ) (range, 10-90). Good results were achieved in 33 patients (72%) at a mean follow-up time of 2.5 years. Of the 21 patients returning for prospective examination, 15 (71%) had good alignment at an average follow-up of 4.2 years (range, 6.9 months to 8.6 years). Adduction deficits were improved in 30 of 33 (91%) patients at final follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with consecutive exotropia, surgery including medial rectus advancement alone or in combination with resection or lateral rectus recession or both usually is effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Sundeep K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kasi
authors.forename: Madhura A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tamhankar
authors.forename: Maxwell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pistilli
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Volpe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005099:Exotropia / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques; D055815:Young Adult