title: Positive ALDH1A3 and negative GPX3 expressions are biomarkers for poor prognosis of gallbladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gallbladder cancers (GBCs) are highly aggressive cancers with high mortality. However, biological markers for the progression and prognosis of GBC are currently unavailable in the clinic.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify biomarkers for predicting GBC metastasis and prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined ALDH1A3 and GPX3 expressions in 46 squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinomas (SC/ASC) and 80 adenocarcinomas (AC) by using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive ALDH1A3 and negative GPX3 expressions were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and invasion of SC/ASCs and ACs. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that either positive ALDH1A3 (P < 0.001) or negative GPX3 (P < 0.001) expression significantly correlated with decreased overall survival in both SC/ASC and AC patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that positive ALDH1A3 expression or negative GPX3 expression was an independent poor-prognostic predictor in both SC/ASC and AC patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggested that positive ALDH1A3 and negative GPX3 expressions are closely associated with clinical pathological behaviors and poor prognosis of gallbladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
authors.forename: Zhu-lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Leping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Jinghe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lufeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Guixiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Senlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C486484:GPX3 protein, human; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C018699:aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)