title: Serum protein oxidation by diesel exhaust particles: effects on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in vitro.
abstract: Considerable evidence shows a key role for protein modification in the adverse effects of chemicals; however, the interaction of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) with proteins and the resulting biological activity remains unclear. DEP and carbon black (CB) suspensions with and without bovine serum albumin (BSA) were used to elucidate the biological effects of air pollutants. The DEP and CB samples were then divided into suspensions and supernatants. Two important goals of the interaction of DEP with BSA were as follows: (1) understanding BSA modification by particles and (2) investigating the effects of particles bound with BSA and the corresponding supernatants on cellular oxidative stress and inflammation. We observed significant free amino groups production was caused by DEP. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we observed that BSA was significantly oxidised by DEP in the supernatants and that the peptides ETYGDMADCCEK, MPCTEDYLSLILNR and TVMENFVAFVDK, derived BSA-DEP conjugates, were also oxidised. In A549 cells, DEP-BSA suspensions and the corresponding supernatants reduced 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) production and increased interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels when compared to DEP solutions without BSA. Our findings suggest that oxidatively modified forms of BSA caused by DEP could lead to oxidative stress and the activation of inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: llchiang@tmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Ling-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Hao-Cheng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chun-Nin
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kai-Jen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Tzu-Tao
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chi-Tai
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Liang-Shun
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei-Hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Lian-Yu
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hsiu-Er
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Hsiao-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chuang
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010455:Peptides; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine
keywords: 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid; 8-OHdG; 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine; Amino acid; Bovine serum albumin; CB; DEP; DLS; ELISA; IL-6; Inflammation; NF-κB; Oxidative stress; PAHs; PBS; Peptide sequence; Proteomics; ROS; RSLC; TEM; TNBS; TNF-α; carbon black; diesel exhaust particle; dynamic light scattering; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; interleukin-6; nuclear factor-kappa beta; phosphate buffered saline; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; rapid separation liquid chromatography; reactive oxygen species; transmission electron microscopy; tumour necrosis factor-alpha