title: Introduction to chemistry and applications in nature of mass independent isotope effects special feature.
abstract: Stable isotope ratio variations are regulated by physical and chemical laws. These rules depend on a relation with mass differences between isotopes. New classes of isotope variation effects that deviate from mass dependent laws, termed mass independent isotope effects, were discovered in 1983 and have a wide range of applications in basic chemistry and nature. In this special edition, new applications of these effects to physical chemistry, solar system origin models, terrestrial atmospheric and biogenic evolution, polar paleo climatology, snowball earth geology, and present day atmospheric sciences are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0356.
authors.forename: Mark H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Thiemens
mesh_terms: D007554:Isotopes / Q000737:chemistry*; D055904:Meteorology / Q000379:methods; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D016082:Solar System / Q000737:chemistry; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007554:Isotopes; D013455:Sulfur; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Archean; anomalous isotopes; oxygen isotopes; sulfur isotopes; terrestrial fractionation