title: Pharmacokinetics and in vivo antistaphylococcal efficacy of TXY541, a 1-methylpiperidine-4-carboxamide prodrug of PC190723.
abstract: The benzamide derivative PC190723 was among the first of a promising new class of FtsZ-directed antibacterial agents to be identified that exhibit potent antistaphylococcal activity. However, the compound is associated with poor drug-like properties. As part of an ongoing effort to develop FtsZ-targeting antibacterial agents with increased potential for clinical utility, we describe herein the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, in vivo antistaphylococcal efficacy, and mammalian cytotoxicity of TXY541, a novel 1-methylpiperidine-4-carboxamide prodrug of PC190723. TXY541 was found to be 143-times more soluble than PC190723 in an aqueous acidic vehicle (10mM citrate, pH 2.6) suitable for both oral and intravenous in vivo administration. In staphylococcal growth media, TXY541 converts to PC190723 with a half-life of approximately 8h. In 100% mouse serum, the TXY541-to-PC190723 conversion was much more rapid (with a half-life of approximately 3min), suggesting that the conversion of the prodrug in serum is predominantly enzyme-catalyzed. Pharmacokinetic analysis of both orally and intravenously administered TXY541 in mice yielded a half-life for the PC190723 conversion product of 0.56h and an oral bioavailability of 29.6%. Whether administered orally or intravenously, TXY541 was found to be efficacious in vivo in mouse models of systemic infection with both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Toxicological assessment of TXY541 against mammalian cells revealed minimal detectable cytotoxicity. The results presented here highlight TXY541 as a potential therapeutic agent that warrants further pre-clinical development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854-5635, United States.
authors.forename: Malvika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.forename: Lilly
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mark
authors.forename: Yongzheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ajit K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Parhi
authors.forename: Edmond J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: LaVoie
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Pilch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006574:Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007094:Imides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D006574:Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring; D007094:Imides; C585910:N-(3-((6-chlorothiazolo(5,4-b)pyridin-2-yl)methoxy)-2,6-difluorobenzoyl)-1-methylpiperidine-4-carboxamide; C531944:PC190723; D011355:Prodrugs; D011725:Pyridines; D013844:Thiazoles
keywords: Antibiotics; Drug solubility; FtsZ; MRSA; Systemic infection