title: Basal-bolus insulin therapy and glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present an integrative review related to basal-bolus insulin therapy and glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A search of the Cochrane, Medline (first search and PubMed), and CINAHL electronic databases was conducted from 2004 through 2011 using the search terms "basal-bolus insulin therapy, sliding scale insulin, glycemic control, and adult."
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparisons were made of glycemic control, safety, adverse events, body weight, and insulin dose showing basal-bolus insulin therapy to be at least equal, if not superior to sliding scale insulin for the patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Overall patients using basal-bolus insulin therapy experienced better glycemic control, fewer hypoglycemic events, and had less weight gain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Basal-bolus insulin therapy is recommended over sliding scale insulin for achieving glycemic control in both the inpatient and outpatient setting because of a reduced number of occurrences of hyper- or hypoglycemic events. This could translate to decreased hospitalizations, decreased length of stay, decreased healthcare costs, and improved patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Florida Hospital College of Health Sciences, Orlando, Florida.
authors.forename: Bridget
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grubbs
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting
keywords: Insulin; adult; basal-bolus insulin therapy; blood glucose; diabetes mellitus; glycemic control; type 2