title: Surface topography of composite restorative materials following ultrasonic scaling and its Impact on bacterial plaque accumulation. An in-vitro SEM study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This is an in vitro study to investigate the effects of ultrasonic scaling on the surface roughness and quantitative bacterial count on four different types of commonly used composite restorative materials for class V cavities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nanofilled, hybrid, silorane and flowable composites were tested. Forty extracted teeth served as specimen and were divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens, with each group receiving a different treatment and were examined by a Field emission scanning electron microscope. Bacterial suspension was then added to the pellicle-coated specimens, and then bacterial adhesion was analyzed by using image analyzing program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flowable and silorane-based composites showed considerably smoother surfaces and lesser bacterial count in comparison to other types, proving that bacterial adhesion is directly proportional to surface roughness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of ultrasonic scalers affects the surfaces of composite restorative materials. Routine periodontal scaling should be carried out very carefully, and polishing of the scaled surfaces may overcome the alterations in roughness, thus preventing secondary caries, surface staining, plaque accumulation and subsequent periodontal inflammation. How to cite this article: Eid H A, Togoo R A, Saleh A A, Sumanth C R. Surface Topography of Composite Restorative Materials following Ultrasonic Scaling and its Impact on Bacterial Plaque Accumulation. An In-Vitro SEM Study. J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(3):13-19.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine & Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Assistant Professor, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A Eid
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Hossam
authors.forename: A Togoo
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Rafi
authors.forename: A Saleh
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Phani Cr
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Sumanth
keywords: Composites; Surface roughness; Ultrasonic Scaling.