title: Establishment of primary xenograft model from newly characterized patient extrauterine carcinosarcoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to characterize primary cells from extrauterine carcinosarcoma (CS) and to establish a primary CS xenograft mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary cells were isolated from a patient with CS and cultured in vitro. Primary CS cells were verified for their ability to consecutively generate tumorigenesis in NOD/SCID mice. The properties of xenograft tumor and explants cells were investigated by immunohistochemistry, cytogenetic, and FACS analysis. Anticancer drug susceptibility of primary CS was analyzed using CCK-8.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary CS cells greater than 27 passages in vitro showed an ability of a series of xenograft tumorigenesis in vivo having the same marker expression and cytogenetic character as that of original tumor. In addition, explants of xenograft tumors retained their original characteristics in the in vitro culture system. Finally, the analysis of the susceptibility to anticancer drug revealed that primary CS cells were susceptible to both doxorubicin and nilotinib, which are tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The primary CS cells and the primary CS xenograft tumorigenesis introduce a new therapeutic model for targeting cancer and also explore a deeper understanding of generation of the tumor itself.
authors.affiliation: *Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute; †Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Graduate School, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University; and ‡Department of Hematological Oncology, §Sarcoma Research Center, and Departments of ∥Radiology, ¶Radiation Oncology, #Pathology, and **Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hye-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Heung-Mo
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: You Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeeyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dongil
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chio
authors.forename: Bokyung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yoon-La
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sung Joo
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000008:Abdominal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002296:Carcinosarcoma / Q000473:pathology*; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008875:Middle Aged; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured