title: Clinical features and etiology of retinal vasculitis in Northern Thailand.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report on the clinical features and etiology of patients with retinal vasculitis (RV).
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed medical records of 47 patients (75 affected eyes) diagnosed with RV. Clinical presentations, ocular complications, associated systemic diseases, and treatment regimens were registered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Etiology of RV included infectious causes in 10/47, (21%) while an association with systemic and/or ocular non-infectious disorders was noted in 22/47 (47%). Eales' disease and Behcet's disease represented the most common clinical entities in non-infectious group while tuberculosis-associated RV was diagnosed in 6/10 (60%) among those with infectious disorders. RV was bilateral in 28/47 (60%) patients. Retinal veins were most commonly affected (72%, 34/47). Involvement of arteries was present in 12/47 (25%) and was associated with viral infections and Behcet's disease. Ocular complications developed in 60/75 (80%) eyes. The most common complications were elevated intraocular pressure and/or glaucoma (33/75, 44%). Retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, and cystoid macular edema developed in similar percentages (15%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RV in Thailand manifested mostly in male patients, was typically bilateral and involved mostly veins. Involvement of arteries was observed in patients with viral infections and Behcet's disease. Tuberculosis was the most common infectious cause.
authors.forename: Supanut
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Apinyawasisuk
authors.forename: Aniki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rothova
authors.forename: Paradee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kunavisarut
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kessara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pathanapitoon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D031300:Retinal Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult