title: Attention orienting and inhibitory control across the different mood states in bipolar disorder: an emotional antisaccade task.
abstract: An antisaccade experiment, using happy, sad, and neutral faces, was conducted to examine the effect of mood-congruent information on inhibitory control (antisaccade task) and attentional orienting (prosaccade task) during the different episodes of bipolar disorder (BD) - manic (n=22), depressive (n=25), and euthymic (n=24). A group of 28 healthy controls was also included. Results revealed that symptomatic patients committed more antisaccade errors than healthy individuals, especially with mood-congruent faces. The manic group committed more antisaccade errors in response to happy faces, while the depressed group tended to commit more antisaccade errors in response to sad faces. Additionally, antisaccade latencies were slower in BD patients than in healthy individuals, whereas prosaccade latencies were slower in symptomatic patients. Taken together, these findings revealed the following: (a) slow inhibitory control in BD patients, regardless of their episode (i.e., a trait), and (b) impaired inhibitory control restricted to symptomatic patients (i.e., a state).
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic "La Fe", Valencia, Spain; ERI-Lectura, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: ana.garcia-blanco@uv.es.
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: García-Blanco
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perea
authors.forename: Ladislao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salmerón
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Affective biases; Antisaccade; Attentional control; Bipolar disorder