title: Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular density in mammary adenomas and adenocarcinomas in bitches.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study aimed at examining hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α expression in adenocarcinomas and adenomas in bitches in regard to tumour malignancy grade, proliferation, apoptosis and vascularisation. Therefore, paraffin sections of 15 adenomas and 64 adenocarcinomas sampled from 79 dogs aged 6 to 16 years were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significantly higher HIF-1α expression was noted in adenocarcinomas in comparison to adenomas (P < 0.0004). Moreover, HIF-1α expression in adenocarcinomas correlated positively with tumour malignancy grade (r = 0.59, P < 0.05), Ki-67 antigen expression (r = 0.43; P < 0.0005), TUNEL-positive cells (r = 0.62, P < 0001) and tumour vascularity measured by quantification of vessels characterized by the expression of von Willebrand Factor (r = 0.57, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this study indicate a similar biological role of HIF-1α in dogs and in humans, which may confirm suitability of the animal model in investigations on progression of tumours in humans.
authors.forename: Janusz A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Madej
authors.forename: Jan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Madej
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dziegiel
authors.forename: Bartosz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pula
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw 50-375, Poland. marcin.nowak@up.wroc.pl.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nowak
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000236:Adenoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1