title: Effects of rehydration and food consumption on salivary flow, pH and buffering capacity in young adult volunteers during ergometer exercise.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of rehydration and food consumption on salivary flow, pH, and buffering capacity during bicycle ergometer exercise in participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten healthy volunteers exercised on a bicycle ergometer at 80% of their maximal heart rate. These sessions lasted for two periods of 20 min separated by 5-min rest intervals. Volunteers were subjected to one of the following conditions: (1) no water (mineral water) or food consumption, (2) only water for rehydration, (3) water and food consumption, (4) a sports drink only for rehydration, and (5) rehydration with a sports drink and food. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett's test (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The salivary pH decreased significantly during and after exercise in conditions 4 and 5. The salivary buffering capacity decreased significantly during exercise and/or after the exercise in conditions 1, 3, 4, and 5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that salivary pH and buffering capacity decreased greatly depending on the combination of a sports drink and food.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine/Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan. t.takahashi.spmd@tmd.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimoyama
authors.forename: Yukako
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno