title: Design of sustained release pellets of ferrous fumarate using cow ghee as hot-melt coating agent.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of the present study was to design ferrous fumarate (FF) sustained release (SR) pellets using of cow ghee (CG) as an important hot-melt coating (HMC) agent.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pellets were coated by HMC technique using CG and ethyl cellulose composition by conventional coating pan without the use of spray system. FF formulated as pellets and characterized with regard to the drug content and physico-chemical properties. Stability studies were carried out on the optimized formulation for a period of 6 months at 40 ± 2°C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pellets with good surface morphology and smooth texture confirmed by stereo micrographs. HMC is easy, efficient, rapid and simple method since virtually no agglomeration seen during coating. In-vitro release from pellets at a given level of coating and for present pellet size was dependent upon the physico-chemical property of the drug and mostly aqueous solubility of the drug. The selection of optimized FF formulation was confirmed by comparing percent cumulative drug release with theoretical release profile. Formulation F2 had difference factor (f 1) and similarity factor (f 2) values was found to be 5 and 66 respectively. F2 showed SR of drug for 8 h with cumulative per cent release of 98.03 ± 4.49%. Release kinetics indicates approximately zero order release pattern. HMC pellets were stable during the course of stability study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By means of HMC using CG and ethyl cellulose, SR pellets containing FF were successfully prepared.
authors.affiliation: Depatment of Pharmaceutics, Sudhakarrao Naik Institute of Pharmacy, Pusad, Yawatmal, India.
authors.forename: Dinesh M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sakarkar
authors.forename: Avinash K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dorle
authors.forename: Nilesh Manoharrao
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.forename: Suresh Gendappa
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Sudke
keywords: Agglomeration; difference factor; similarity factor; theoretical release profile