title: Relevance of signaling molecules for apoptosis induction on influenza A virus replication.
abstract: Apoptosis is an important mechanism to maintain homeostasis in mammals, and disruption of the apoptosis regulation mechanism triggers a range of diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and developmental disorders. The severity of influenza A virus (IAV) infection is also closely related to dysfunction of apoptosis regulation. In the virus infected cells, the functions of various host cellular molecules involved in regulation of induction of apoptosis are modulated by IAV proteins to enable effective virus replication. The modulation of the intracellular signaling pathway inducing apoptosis by the IAV infection also affects extracellular mechanisms controlling apoptosis, and triggers abnormal host responses related to the disease severity of IAV infections. This review focuses on apoptosis related molecules involved in IAV replication and pathogenicity, the strategy of the virus propagation through the regulation of apoptosis is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Aureo Science Co., Ltd., North 21, West 12, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwai
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiozaki
authors.forename: Tadaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D053218:Receptors, Death Domain / Q000378:metabolism*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D053218:Receptors, Death Domain; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D053148:Caspase 3; C452820:RIGI protein, human; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases
keywords: Akt; Apaf-1; Apoptosis; B-cell lymphoma 2; BH; Bax; Bcl-2; Bcl-2 homology; Bcl-2-associated x protein; Caspases; DAP3; DR4; DR5; FADD; Fas-associated death domain; IAV; IFN; IFN regulatory factor 3; INF-β promoter stimulator protein 1; IPS-1; IRF3; Influenza A virus; JNK; M; NA; NF-κB; NP; NS1; PI3K; RIG-I; Signal transduction; TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand; TNF-α; TNF-α receptor 1; TNFαR1; TRADD; TRAIL; X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein; XIAP; ZAPS; apoptotic protease activating factor 1; c-Jun amino-terminal kinase; cysteine–aspartic acid protease; death receptor 4; death receptor 5; death-associated protein 3; influenza A virus; interferon; matrix protein; neuraminidase; non-structural protein 1; nuclear factor-κB; nucleoprotein; phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase; retinoic acid-inducible gene-I; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated death domain protein; tumor necrosis factor α; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1; zinc finger antiviral protein, short form