title: Partially involuting congenital hemangiomas: a report of 8 cases and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congenital hemangiomas have been divided into 2 major subtypes based on clinical behavior: rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH) and noninvoluting congenital hemangioma (NICH).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We describe a clinical subtype of congenital hemangioma that begins as a RICH but fails to completely involute and persists as a NICH-like lesion. We propose the term "partially involuting congenital hemangioma" for this lesion with overlapping features.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of the medical charts, serial clinical photographs, imaging, and biopsies performed on children with a diagnosis of partially involuting congenital hemangioma between 2001 and 2012 at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine pediatric dermatology/vascular anomalies clinic was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight full-term, healthy infants presented at birth with vascular lesions typical of RICH. Affected locations included the head and neck, trunk, or extremities. Size varied from 2.0 × 1.5 cm to 13.0 × 8.5 cm. All had rapid involution during the first 12 to 30 months of life before stabilizing in size and appearance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only a small number of cases were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Partially involuting congenital hemangiomas are congenital hemangiomas with a distinct behavior, evolving from RICH to persistent NICH-like lesions. Their recognition and study will help us better understand whether RICH and NICH are indeed separate entities or simply part of a spectrum.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Eiman
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nasseri
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piram
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Catherine C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: McCuaig
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kokta
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Josée
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: julie_powell@ssss.gouv.qc.ca.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: infantile hemangioma; noninvoluting congenital hemangioma; partially involuting congenital hemangioma; rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma