title: Traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula at the anterior ascending segment of the internal carotid artery in a pediatric patient.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) in children is a rare condition. Early diagnosis and treatment is still a challenge, and it is associated with good neurological recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a rare case of a 10-year-old boy with mild head trauma, who developed a CCF at the anterior segment of the ascending internal carotid artery. The patient was treated with endovascular coil embolization and evolved with a favorable outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most of reports in the literature address the traumatic CCF in adult patients, in which early treatment may prevent poor recovery or fatal outcomes. The diagnosis and management of this condition are discussed based on a literature review.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to keep a high degree of suspicion for CCF, especially in traumatic head injury associated with skull base fracture, since the early diagnosis and treatment may prevent potentially permanent neurological deficits.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, Eneas Aguiar Street, 255 Office 4080, 05403010, Sao Paulo, Brazil, wellingsonpaiva@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Wellingson Silva
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.forename: Almir Ferreira
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beer-Furlan
authors.forename: Iuri Santana
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Neville
authors.forename: Gustavo S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Noleto
authors.forename: Luca Silveira
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Bernardo
authors.forename: Jose Guilherme
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Caldas
authors.forename: Manoel Jacobsen
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000473:pathology*; D020216:Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000150:complications; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044583:Neuroendoscopy