title: Video feedback intervention: a case series in the context of childhood hearing impairment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent research shows that parental sensitivity can explain a significant and unique amount of growth in speech and language outcomes in children with cochlear implants. In this intervention study we explored the impact of an intervention designed to support parental sensitivity on children's communication development.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study tests the effect of a complex intervention in the context of childhood hearing impairment using a case study design of three families. Propositions for each case were made using parental report of the child's development in an attempt to identify change in outcome measurements that were not likely to be due to general development in the child or a halo effect from the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multiple pre- and post-intervention measures were taken. Outcome measures were mother-child contingencies to vocal utterances, emotional availability and an assessment of early communication in the child. Results for each case showed that improvements in some outcome measurements were found after the intervention and were maintained at follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taking account of developmental change in intervention studies with children is challenging. Single-subject intervention studies can be designed to allow research interventions to be tailored to meet families' specific needs. Video interaction guidance may support pre-linguistic communicative development in children with hearing impairment.
authors.affiliation: Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Unit in Hearing, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: Deborah M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Meghana B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Wadnerkar-Kamble
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lam-Cassettari
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002663:Child Language; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003638:Deafness / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004644:Emotions; D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations / Q000523:psychology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014743:Videotape Recording
keywords: childhood deafness; contingency; intervention design; mother-child interaction; speech development; video feedback