title: Identification of phenolic compounds in plum fruits (Prunus salicina L. and Prunus domestica L.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and characterization of varieties by quantitative phenolic fingerprints.
abstract: Plums (Prunus domestica L. and Prunus salicina L.) are edible fruits mostly consumed in America, China, and Europe. We have used LC-MS(n) to detect and characterize the phenolic compounds in plum varieties. Forty-one phenolics were detected comprising caffeoylquinic acids, feruloylquinic acid, p-coumaroylquinic acids, methyl caffeoylquinates, methyl p-coumaroylquinate, caffeoylshikimic acids, catechin, epicatechin, rutin, esculin, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-hexosides, dimeric proanthocyanidins, trimeric proanthocyanidins, caffeoyl-glucoside, feruloyl-glucoside, p-coumaroyl-glucoside, vanillic acid-glucosides, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-pentosides, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-pentoside-rhamnosides, and 3-p-methoxycinnamoylquinic acid. This is the first time when 3-p-methoxycinnamoylquinic acid is reported in nature. Chlorogenic acids and proanthocyanidins were the major phenolics present in plums. Furthermore, HPLC with DAD and chemical reaction detection was used to generate quantitative phenolic fingerprints from the fruit flesh of 33 plum varieties. The predominant compound was 3-caffeoylquinic acid in nearly all varieties studied; generally, however, the qualitative and quantitative profiles showed high diversity even among closely related progenies.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering and Science, Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen , 28759 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaiswal
authors.forename: Hande
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karaköse
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rühmann
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goldner
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neumüller
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Treutter
authors.forename: Nikolai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuhnert
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts