title: Pulmonary edema due to oral gavage in a toxicological study related to aquaporin-1, -4 and -5 expression.
abstract: A one-time oral gavage can be enough to cause of alveologenic edema with higher expression of AQP-1 and -4 than that with repeated-dose oral gavage, which caused both profound perivascular edema and hydrostatic pressure edema, while AQP-5 was similarly expressed. The alteration of AQPs expression was probably related to alveolar fluid clearance across the alveolar and bronchiolar epithelium in different stages of lung injury. The results clarified the type of lung edema in acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies without treatment related effect of tested material. The pathogenesis of pulmonary edema due to oral gavage toxicological study is associated with the cellular immune response to the reflux materials. Mast cell and leukocyte accumulation may contribute to increase vascular permeability leading to permeability edema. The increase in alveolar septum epithelium, perivascular and peribronchial cuffing, accumulation alveolar lipid containing macrophage and medial hyperplasia of the pulmonary artery might have been caused to increase airway resistance, which resulted in hydrostatic pressure edema.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Care Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Ornuma
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Singha
authors.forename: Kanchana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kengkoom
authors.forename: Khuanjit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chaimongkolnukul
authors.forename: Sompong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cherdyu
authors.forename: Emsri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pongponratn
authors.forename: Taweesak
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ketjareon
authors.forename: Yaowaluk
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Panavechkijkul
authors.forename: Sumate
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ampawong
keywords: -4 and -5; aquaporin-1; gavage toxicology study; pulmonary edema