title: Nutrition management for the promotion of growth in very low birth weight premature infants.
abstract: Premature infants are highly susceptible to extrauterine growth restriction. Without early and adequate nutrition support, nutrition deficits of energy and protein can quickly accrue. Growth failure has been implicated in poor neurodevelopmental outcomes and long-term morbidity, creating a major focus on neonatal nutrition alongside medical management. Optimal nutrition is paramount for optimal growth outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review the implications and long-term effects of growth failure in premature infants, specifically, those with very low birth weights. In addition, nutrition interventions and treatments will be presented to manage and improve growth outcomes of the neonate.
authors.affiliation: Allison Prince, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, 11100 Euclid Ave, Mail Stop: LKSD 5021, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Email: allison.prince@uhhospitals.org.
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prince
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Groh-Wargo
mesh_terms: D005183:Failure to Thrive / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development*; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight / Q000254:growth & development*; D044623:Nutrition Therapy; D009752:Nutritional Status; D018529:Nutritional Support
keywords: enteral nutrition; growth; infant, newborn; infant, very low birth weight; neonates; nutrition therapy; nutritional support; parenteral nutrition