title: Short-chain fatty acids inhibit growth hormone and prolactin gene transcription via cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway in dairy cow anterior pituitary cells.
abstract: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a key role in altering carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, influence endocrine pancreas activity, and as a precursor of ruminant milk fat. However, the effect and detailed mechanisms by which SCFAs mediate bovine growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) gene transcription remain unclear. In this study, we detected the effects of SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) on the activity of the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway, GH, PRL, and Pit-1 gene transcription in dairy cow anterior pituitary cells (DCAPCs). The results showed that SCFAs decreased intracellular cAMP levels and a subsequent reduction in PKA activity. Inhibition of PKA activity decreased CREB phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting GH and PRL gene transcription. Furthermore, PTX blocked SCFAs- inhibited cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. These data showed that the inhibition of GH and PRL gene transcription induced by SCFAs is mediated by Gi activation and that propionate is more potent than acetate and butyrate in inhibiting GH and PRL gene transcription. In conclusion, this study identifies a biochemical mechanism for the regulation of SCFAs on bovine GH and PRL gene transcription in DCAPCs, which may serve as one of the factors that regulate pituitary function in accordance with dietary intake.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China. juxiongliu@sina.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Fa
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shou-Peng
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Su-Nan
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhong-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Wen-Jing
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Zhi-Qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bing-Xu
authors.initials: BX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Qing-Kang
authors.initials: QK
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Ju-Xiong
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases