title: MitoPark mice, an animal model of Parkinson's disease, show enhanced prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle and no loss of gating in response to the adenosine A(2A) antagonist SCH 412348.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psychoses are debilitating side effects associated with current dopaminergic treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD). Prepulse inhibition (PPI), in which a non-startling stimulus reduces startle response to a subsequent startle-eliciting stimulus, is important in filtering out extraneous sensory stimuli. PPI deficits induced by dopamine agonists can model symptoms of psychosis. Adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists, being developed as novel PD treatments, indirectly modulate dopamine signaling in the basal ganglia and may have an improved psychosis profile which could be detected using the PPI model.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study is to characterize PPI in MitoPark mice, which exhibit progressive loss of dopamine signaling and develop a Parkinson-like motor phenotype, and assess standard and novel PD treatment effects on PPI in MitoPark mice, which more closely mimic the basal ganglia dopamine status of PD patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MitoPark mice displayed enhanced PPI as dopamine tone decreased with age, consistent with studies in intact mice that show enhanced PPI in response to dopamine antagonists. Paradoxically, older MitoParks were more sensitive to PPI disruption when challenged with dopamine agonists such as apomorphine or pramipexole. Alternatively, SCH 412348, an adenosine A(2A) antagonist, did not disrupt PPI in MitoPark mice at doses that normalized hypoactivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of MitoPark mice in the PPI assay to assess the potential for PD treatment to produce psychoses likely represents a more disease-relevant model. SCH 412348 does not differentially disrupt PPI as do dopamine agonists, perhaps indicative of an improved psychosis profile of adenosine A(2A) antagonists, even in PD patients with decreased dopamine tone in the basal ganglia.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Franchise, Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, K-15-C209, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA, steven.grauer@merck.com.
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Grauer
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hodgson
authors.forename: Lynn A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hyde
mesh_terms: D058917:Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000077487:Pramipexole; D065808:Prepulse Inhibition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C534887:(7-(2-(4-difluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl)ethyl)-2-(2-furanyl)-7H-pyrazolo(4,3-e)(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-c)pyrimidin-5-amine; D058917:Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D000077487:Pramipexole; D001058:Apomorphine