title: Solar keratoses: photodynamic therapy, cryotherapy, 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, diclofenac, or what? Facts and controversies.
abstract: Actinic keratosis is a common dermatologic condition that may regress, remain stable, or progress to squamous cell carcinoma. Some question whether all actinic keratoses should be routinely treated, whereas others contend that the unpredictable natural history of this disease necessitates treatment to prevent malignant transformation. Available treatments include photodynamic therapy, cryotherapy, 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, and diclofenac. Each of these options has its advantages and disadvantages, although they all have a place in the management of actinic keratosis. An overview of these treatment modalities is presented, as are the controversies surrounding the treatment of actinic keratosis.
authors.affiliation: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Adam R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Jeremy S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bordeaux
mesh_terms: D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D003452:Cryosurgery; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D055623:Keratosis, Actinic / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004008:Diclofenac; D000077271:Imiquimod; D005472:Fluorouracil