title: An in vitro analysis of disintegration times of different formulations of olanzapine orodispersible tablet: a preliminary report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Orodispersible tablets (ODTs) are tablet or wafer forms of medication that disintegrate in the mouth, aided only by saliva. ODTs rely on different fast dissolve/disintegration manufacturing technologies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Disintegration time differences for several olanzapine ODT forms were investigated. Risperdal M-Tab(®) was included as a non-olanzapine ODT comparator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven olanzapine ODT examples and orodispersible risperidone strengths were evaluated in vitro for formulation composition, manufacturing method, disintegration and dissolution characteristics, and formulation differences in comparison with freeze dried Zydis(®) ODT. Automated dissolution test equipment captured ODT dissolution rates by measuring real-time release of active ingredient. A high-speed video camera was used to capture tablet disintegration times in warm simulated saliva.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main outcome measure was the disintegration and dissolution characteristics of the ODT formulations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ODT manufacturing method was associated with time to disintegrate; the fastest were freeze dried tablets, followed by soft compressed tablets and then hard/dense tablets. Olanzapine Zydis(®) was the only ODT that completely disintegrated in less than 4 s for all strengths (5, 10, 15, and 20 mg), followed by 5-mg Prolanz FAST(®) (12 s) and then risperidone ODT 4 mg (40 s). Reasons for slow dissolution of the olanzapine generics may include low product potency, excipient binding, excipient solubility, active ingredient particle size and incomplete disintegration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences in the formulation and manufacturing process of olanzapine ODTs appear to have a strong influence on the disintegration time of the active compound; differences that may potentially impact their use in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA, hobbsdg@lilly.com.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hobbs
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karagianis
authors.forename: Tamas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Treuer
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raskin
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016568:Drugs, Generic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010316:Particle Size; D018967:Risperidone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000378:metabolism*; D012995:Solubility; D013607:Tablets; D013997:Time Factors; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D016568:Drugs, Generic; D005079:Excipients; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D013607:Tablets; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D018967:Risperidone; D000077152:Olanzapine