title: EGG and acoustic analyses of different voice samples: comparison between perceptual evaluation and voice activity and participation profile.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated whether different electroglottographic (EGG) parameters may be used to estimate voice quality and loading related to it, and whether voice quality is related to self-estimation of voice problems and laryngeal status. The effect of sample type was also considered.
  
  
  METHODS
  EGG and acoustic signals of a sustained vowel [a:] (90 dB6 cm) and text reading during noise exposure were recorded from 93 female kindergarten teachers. Analyses were made from the sustained vowel and vowel [a:] from a stressed word. Contact quotient (CQ) was calculated. Maximum velocity of increase in contact area inferred from derivative (MDEGG) was examined. Fundamental frequency was calculated from the EGG signal. From the acoustic signal sound pressure level (SPL) was computed and pressedness in voice quality was evaluated perceptually. Self-evaluation was made with Voice Activity and Participation Profile (VAPP). Indirect laryngoscopy was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pressedness in voice correlated with EGG results only for the sustained vowel, and better with MDEGG than CQ values. VAPP and laryngeal evaluation did not correlate with the acoustic or EGG parameters or with perception.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MDEGG is worth testing as an indicator of impact stress. Sustained vowel at a controlled SPL is more suitable for voice quality evaluation than a long stressed vowel from connected speech.
authors.affiliation: Speech and Voice Research Laboratory, School of Education, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Elina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kankare
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Anne-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Laukkanen
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geneid
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004568:Electrodiagnosis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D005931:Glottis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009038:Motion; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D010699:Phonation / Q000502:physiology*; D010700:Phonetics; D011312:Pressure; D012016:Reference Values; D012649:Self Concept; D057566:Self Report; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013663:Teaching; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000502:physiology*; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology