title: The effects of iloprost on ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscles in a rodent model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iloprost (IL) on ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rodent model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats were randomized into four groups (n = 6). Laparotomy was performed in all groups under general anesthesia. Only laparotomy was applied in group S (Sham). Ischemia-reperfusion group (group I/R) underwent ischemia and reperfusion performed by clamping and declamping of the infrarenal abdominal aorta for 120 min. The iloprost group (group IL) received intravenous infusion of IL 0.5 ng/kg/min, without I/R. Group I/R + IL received intravenous infusion of IL 0.5 ng/kg/min immediately after 2 h period of ischemia. At the end of the reperfusion period, all rats were killed under anesthesia and skeletal muscle samples of lower extremity were harvested for biochemical and histopathologic analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tissue levels of endothelial nitric oxide were significantly higher in I/R groups than those in groups S and IL. The heat shock protein 60 levels were higher in group I/R than the other groups. But the heat shock protein 60 levels in group I/R + IL were found to be similar with the groups S and IL. Malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher in group I/R. On the other hand, in group I/R + IL, malondialdehyde levels were higher than those in groups S and IL but lower than those in group I/R. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities were found to be significantly lower in group I/R than the other groups. Also in group I/R/I, the SOD enzyme activities were higher than those in group I/R. But, in group I/R + IL, SOD levels were found to be higher than those in group I/R but lower than those in groups S and IL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that IL has protective effects on I/R injury in skeletal muscle in a rodent model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Avci
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Erer
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Dumlupinar University Medical Faculty, Kutahya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysegul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kucuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oztürk
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Medical Faculty, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tosun
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gursel L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Oktar
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: mustarslan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Iriz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kavutcu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tatar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016285:Iloprost / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018834:Chaperonin 60; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D016285:Iloprost
keywords: Endothelial nitric oxide; Heat shock protein 60; Iloprost; Ischemia-reperfusion; Malondialdehyde; Rat; Superoxide dismutase