title: No association between q-angle and foot posture with running-related injuries: a 10 week prospective follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is a paucity of knowledge on the association between different foot posture quantified by Foot Posture Index (FPI) and Quadriceps angle (Q-angle) with development of running-related injuries. Earlier studies investigating these associations did not include an objective measure of the amount of running performed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate if kilometers to running-related injury (RRI) differ among novice runners with different foot postures and Q-angles when running in a neutral running shoe.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 10 week study was conducted including healthy, novice runners. At baseline foot posture was evaluated using the foot posture index (FPI) and the Q-angle was measured. Based on the FPI and Q-angle, right and left feet / knees of the runners were categorized into exposure groups. All participants received a Global Positioning System watch to allow them to quantify running volume and were instructed to run a minimum of two times per week in a conventional, neutral running shoe. The outcome was RRI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty nine novice runners of mixed gender were included. Of these, 13 sustained a running-related injury. No significant difference in cumulative relative risk between persons with pronated feet and neutral feet was found after 125 km of running (Cumulative relative risk = 1.65 [0.65; 4.17], p = 0.29). Similarly, no difference was found between low and neutral Q-angle (Cumulative relative risk = 1.25 [0.49; 3.23], p = 0.63).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Static foot posture as quantified by FPI and knee alignment as quantified by Q-angle do not seem to affect the risk of injury among novice runners taking up a running regimen wearing a conventional neutral running shoe. These results should be interpreted with caution due to a small sample size.
  
  
  METHODS
  2a.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Surgery Research Unit, Science and Innovation Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, DN.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ramskov
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Obling
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Parner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
keywords: Foot posture; Q-angle; foot Posture Index; novice runners; running-related injuries