title: SIRT1 deacetylates FOXA2 and is critical for Pdx1 transcription and β-cell formation.
abstract: Pancreas duodenum homeobox 1 (PDX1) is essential for pancreas development and β-cell formation; however more studies are needed to clearly illustrate the precise mechanism regarding spatiotemporal regulation of Pdx1 expression during β-cell formation and development. Here, we demonstrate that SIRT1, FOXA2 and a number of proteins form a protein complex on the promoter of the Pdx1 gene. SIRT1 and PDX1 are expressed in the same set of cells during β-cell differentiation and maturation. Pancreas-specific disruption of SIRT1 diminished PDX1 expression and impaired islet development. Consequently, SIRT1 mutant mice develop progressive hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin insufficiency, which directly correlate with the extent of SIRT1 deletion. We further show that SIRT1 interacts with and deacetylates FOXA2 on the promoter of the Pdx1gene, and positively regulates its transcription. These results uncover an essential role of SIRT1 in β-cell formation by maintaining expression of PDX1 and its downstream genes, and identify pancreas-specific SIRT1 mutant mice as a relevant model for studying insulin insufficiency.
authors.affiliation: 1. Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, 10/9N105, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Rui-Hong
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hyun-Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Chu-Xia
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; C084010:pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 protein; D056564:Sirtuin 1
keywords: FOXA2; PDX1; SIRT1; insulin.