title: To evaluate and compare the efficacy, cleaning ability of hand and two rotary systems in root canal retreatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare the efficacy, cleaning ability of hand and two rotary systems in root canal retreatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty extracted premolars were retreated with following systems: Group -ProTaper Universal retreatment files, Group 2-ProFile system, Group 3-H-file. Specimens were split longitudinally and amount of remaining gutta-percha on the canal walls was assessed using direct visual scoring with the aid of stereomicroscope. Results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Completely clean root canal walls were not achieved with any of the techniques investigated. However, all three systems proved to be effective for gutta-percha removal. Significant difference was found between ProTaper universal retreatment file and H-file, and also between ProFile and H-file.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under the conditions of the present study, ProTaper Universal retreatment files left significantly less guttapercha and sealer than ProFile and H-file.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rotary systems in combination with gutta-percha solvents can perform superiorly as compared to the time tested traditional hand instrumentation in root canal retreatment.
authors.affiliation: Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics KLEs VK Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shivanand
authors.forename: Chetan R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Venugopal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thangala
authors.forename: Pabbati Ravi
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Jyoti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sachdeva
authors.forename: Akash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krishna
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid / Q000473:pathology; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000473:pathology; D004867:Equipment Design; D000077591:Eucalyptol; D005052:Eucalyptus; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019233:Retreatment; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D012997:Solvents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000473:pathology; D019553:Tooth, Nonvital / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003511:Cyclohexanols; D039821:Monoterpenes; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012997:Solvents; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D000077591:Eucalyptol