title: Botulinum toxin as a postoperative diplopia test - it can also reduce the angle of deviation prior to surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate how frequently botulinum toxin, when used as a postoperative diplopia test, reduces the angle of deviation prior to subsequent strabismus surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 39 adult patients with constant concomitant horizontal strabismus who had undergone botulinum toxin injections to assess the risk of postoperative diplopia and then subsequently underwent strabismus surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen out of 39 patients (36%) sustained a reduction of 15 prism diopters or more for near and/or distance when comparing the pre-injection angle of deviation with the preoperative angle of deviation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Approximately one-third of patients receiving botulinum toxin as a postoperative diplopia test maintained a significant reduction in the angle of their deviation prior to undergoing surgery.
authors.affiliation: Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Gartnavel General Hospital Glasgow , UK.
authors.forename: Zoe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ockrim
authors.forename: Clifford R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Weir
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li Yim
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cleary
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; D004172:Diplopia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013285:Strabismus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A