title: Antimicrobial efficacy of octenidine hydrochloride, MTAD and chlorhexidine gluconate mixed with calcium hydroxide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate whether mixing with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] affects the antimicrobial action of Octenidine hydrochloride (Octenisept), MTAD and chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Freshly grown cultures of Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and a mixture of both strains were incubated in agar plates containing brain-heart infusion broth (BHIB). Zones of inhibition were measured at 24 and 48 hours. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA, both p=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mixing with Ca(OH)2 significantly increased the antibacterial effect of Octenisept (p<0.05), but did not alter its antifungal activity. Only chlorhexidine showed more antibacterial and antifungal efficiency compared to its Ca(OH)2-mixed version (both p<0.05). Mixing with Ca(OH)2 decreased the antibacterial efficacy of MTAD, but increased its antifungal effect (both p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate the differential effects of Ca(OH)2 addition on the antimicrobial action of the tested endodontic medicaments in vitro. Ca(OH)2 was as effective as its combination with all of the tested medicaments.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey, e-mail: ebru_aktepe@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Resmiye Ebru
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Tirali
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gulsahi
authors.forename: Sevi Burcak
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Cehreli
authors.forename: Zeynep Ceren
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Karahan
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uzunoğlu
authors.forename: Atilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elhan
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007097:Imines; D008422:Materials Testing; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007097:Imines; C475043:MTAD (intracanal irrigant); D011136:Polysorbates; D011725:Pyridines; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D019343:Citric Acid; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D004318:Doxycycline; C034213:octenidine; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D002710:Chlorhexidine