title: Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 improves high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a common liver disease, as its prevalence has increased markedly in recent decades. The aim of the present study was to examine the improving effect of Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 (CBM588), a probiotic in clinical use for antibiotic-associated diarrhea, against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced fatty liver in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  After feeding HFD or HFD coated with CBM588 (HFD-CBM) for 12 weeks, we evaluated the hepatic mRNA levels related to lipid metabolism, and then assessed the hepatic protein levels of several transcription factors regulating these lipogenic gene expressions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HFD-CBM group had decreased accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver compared with the HFD group. The HFD-CBM group had significantly decreased diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) 2 mRNA in the liver compared with the HFD group, whereas DGAT1 mRNA did not change between the HFD group and the HFD-CBM group. Moreover, the HFD-CBM group had significantly increased hepatic mRNA regulating cholesterol catabolism enzymes and excretion transporters. Correspondingly, the HFD-CBM588 groups had increased hepatic protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ and liver X receptor α compared with the HFD group. The HFD-CBM group had accelerated excretion of total bile acid and non-esterified fatty acid in the feces.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CBM588 intake may have novel potential for improving NAFLD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan, mkt.s.lev5060@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Takanari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Awata
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Alpers
authors.forename: Tsugikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komoda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D046972:Clostridium butyricum; D051048:Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D051048:Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase