title: Depression among patients with end-stage renal disease in hemodialysis.
abstract: Depression is frequent in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and predicts mortality in dialysis patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of depression among patients on hemodialysis. We conducted an observational cross-sectional study at two hemodialysis centres in the metropolitan area of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, between September and October 2010. The occurrence of depression was evaluated according to Beck Depression Inventory II. Among 148 patients interviewed, the mean age was 46 ± 13 years and 54% were male. The average time on dialysis was 5.3 ± 5.2 years. Depression was found in 101 (68.2%) cases. Depression was classified as mild (49.5%), moderate (41.5%) and severe (9%). Only 15.5% had prior depression diagnosis. Follow-up with Psychologist was being done in only 32.4% of cases. Patients with depression had a higher frequency of antidepressant use (20.7% vs. 4.2%, p=.01) and benzodiazepines (33.6% vs. 8.5%, p=.001). Among patients using antidepressant, improvement of symptoms was reported by 81.6%. Depression is one potentially modifiable risk factor in ESRD. The investigation and multidisciplinary approach of depression should be part of routine evaluation of patients on dialysis.
authors.affiliation: a School of Medicine , University of Fortaleza , Fortaleza , Brazil.
authors.forename: Geraldo B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Silva Junior
authors.forename: Elizabeth F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Daher
authors.forename: Ana Paula A
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Buosi
authors.forename: Rafael S A
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Mikaelly M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Eveline C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Aline M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.forename: João Moisés L
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.forename: Francisco Emmanuel C
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: Sônia M H A
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Araújo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: chronic kidney disease; depression; end-stage renal disease; hemodialysis