title: Postprandial activation of p53-dependent DNA repair is modified by Mediterranean diet supplemented with coenzyme Q10 in elderly subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alterations in the expression levels of genes and proteins involved in oxidative stress and DNA damage response underlie the phenotypic changes associated with aging. We have investigated whether the quality of dietary fat alters postprandial gene expression and protein levels involved in p53-dependent DNA repair and whether the supplementation with Coenzyme Q10 improves this situation in an elderly population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty participants were randomized to receive three isocaloric diets each for 4 weeks: Mediterranean diet supplemented with Coenzyme Q10, Mediterranean diet, saturated fatty acid-rich diet. After a 12-hour fast, volunteers consumed a breakfast with a fat composition similar to that consumed in each of the diets. Gadd45a, Gadd45b, OGG1, APE-1/Ref-1, DNApolβ, and XPC gene expression and nuclear Gadd45a, APE-1/Ref-1, and DNApolβ protein levels were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mediterranean diet and Mediterranean diet supplemented with Coenzyme Q10diets downregulated Gadd45a protein levels compared with the saturated fatty acid-rich diet. Moreover, Mediterranean diet supplemented with Coenzyme Q10diet evoked lower postprandial Gadd45a, Gadd45b, XPC, DNApolβ and OGG1 gene expression and lower APE-1/Ref-1 and DNApolβ protein levels than the saturated fatty acid-rich diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results support a beneficial effect of Mediterranean diet and Mediterranean diet supplemented with Coenzyme Q10 on DNA damage as compared to the detrimental action of a saturated fatty acid-rich diet, which triggers the p53-dependent DNA repair machinery.
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit and CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Gutierrez-Mariscal
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit and CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Yubero-Serrano
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit and CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Oriol A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Rangel-Zúñiga
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit and CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit and CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Rios
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit and CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perez-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit and CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado-Lista
authors.affiliation: CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: María M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Malagón
authors.affiliation: CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Tinahones
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit and CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-Jimenez
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit and CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. jlopezmir@uco.es.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López-Miranda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000235:genetics; D019951:DNA Polymerase beta / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; D019951:DNA Polymerase beta; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014451:Ubiquinone; C439070:GADD45A protein, human; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins; C086984:XPC protein, human; C479058:oxoguanine glycosylase 1, human; C085108:APEX1 protein, human; C024989:coenzyme Q10
keywords: DNA damage and repair; Metabolism.; Nutrition; Oxidative stress