title: Renal and urologic disorders in antiretroviral-treated patients with HIV infection or AIDS: spectrum of cross-sectional imaging findings.
abstract: In the aging human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected population with improved immune function under antiretroviral treatment, many different opportunistic disorders may be encountered, along with rare presentations or complicated forms of common diseases. Renal and urologic abnormalities observed in the setting of HIV infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are reviewed with their imaging appearances, including renal dysfunction, urolithiasis, urinary tract infections and related complications, genitourinary tuberculosis, vascular lesions, urogenital tumors, and bladder abnormalities, with emphasis on characterization. In HIV-positive patients, early cross-sectional imaging is warranted to detect uncommon disorders and complications, with the aim to preserve renal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: mtonolini@sirm.org.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonolini
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ippolito
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bianco
mesh_terms: D016263:AIDS-Associated Nephropathy / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents