title: Elevated serum IL-17A but not IL-6 in glioma versus meningioma and schwannoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance and expression of IL-17 in patients with brain tumours. We aimed to compare the levels of IL-17A and IL-6 in sera of glioma, meningioma and schwannoma patients as well as in healthy individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  IL-17A and IL-6 levels were measured in sera of 38 glioma, 24 meningioma and 18 schwannoma patients for comparison with 26 healthy controls by commercial ELISA assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed an increase in the IL-17A in 30% of glioma patients while only 4% and 5.5% of meningioma and schwannoma patients and none of the healthy controls showed elevated IL-17A in their sera (0.29 ± 0.54, 0.03 ± 0.15 and 0.16 ± 0.68 vs. 0.00 ± 0.00 pg/ml; p=0.01, p=0.01 and p=0.001, respectively). There was also a significant decrease in the level of IL-6 in glioma patients compared to healthy controls (2.34 ± 4.35 vs. 4.67 ± 4.32 pg/ml; p=0.01). There was a direct correlation between the level of IL-17A and age in glioma patients (p=0.005). Glioma patients over 30 years of age had higher IL-17A and lower IL-6 in their sera compared to the young patients. In addition, a non-significant grade-specific inverse trend between IL-17A and IL-6 was observed in glioma patients, where high-grade gliomas had higher IL-17A and lower IL-6.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest a Th17 mediated inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of glioma. Moreover, tuning of IL-6 and IL-17A inflammatory cytokines occurs during progression of glioma. IL-17A may be a potential biomarker and/or immunotherapeutic target in glioma cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran E-mail : mdoroud@sums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mehrnoosh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doroudchi
authors.forename: Zahra Ghanaat
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Pishe
authors.forename: Mahyar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malekzadeh
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Golmoghaddam
authors.forename: Mousa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taghipour
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghaderi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms; D008579:Meningioma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009442:Neurilemmoma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C508717:IL17A protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D020381:Interleukin-17; D015850:Interleukin-6