title: Imagery rescripting as a stand-alone treatment for patients with social phobia: a case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The majority of patients with social phobia reports experiencing negative images, usually linked to memories of earlier aversive social experiences. Several studies have indicated that such negative self-imagery appears to have a causal role in maintaining social phobia, which suggests that interventions aimed at dealing with these images could be beneficial in the treatment of social phobia. One potentially powerful approach is imagery rescripting (IR), a clinical intervention that focuses on changing the meaning and impact of unpleasant memories. In the treatment of social phobia IR was only used as part of a broader cognitive-behavioral treatment package. However, we propose that IR alone might also be an effective treatment for this anxiety disorder. The present study reports an initial evaluation of the application of IR as a stand-alone treatment for six adult outpatients presenting with social phobia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single case series using an A-B replication across patients design was employed. Following a no-treatment baseline period, IR was delivered weekly and patients were followed up for 3 and 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For all patients, substantial reductions were obtained on all outcome measures at post-treatment, and gains were largely maintained at 6-months follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The generalizability of the effects of IR for social phobia is limited by the small number of patients treated by only one therapist.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this preliminary case series suggest that IR as a stand alone treatment is an apparently effective intervention in the treatment of patients with social phobia, and indicate that controlled evaluation of its efficacy might be worthwhile.
authors.affiliation: Outpatient Treatment Center PsyQ, Department for Personality Disorders, Max Euwelaan 70, 3062 MA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: P.Frets@psyq.nl.
authors.forename: Petra G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Frets
authors.forename: Ciska
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kevenaar
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van der Heiden
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Case series; Imagery rescripting; Social phobia; Treatment efficacy