title: Modulation of hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c-mediated gene expression contributes to Salacia oblonga root-elicited improvement of fructose-induced fatty liver in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Salacia oblonga root (SOR) is a traditionally herbal medicine for obesity and diabetes, which are closely associated with fatty liver. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of SOR in the treatment of dietary-induced fatty liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male rats were co-administered with fructose in drinking water and vehicle or the aqueous-ethanolic extract of SOR (by gavage, once daily) for 10 weeks. Biochemical variables were determined enzymatically or by ELISA. Gene expression was analyzed by Real-Time PCR and/or Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SOR treatment (20mg/kg) diminished fructose-induced fatty liver indicated by decreases in excess triglyceride accumulation and the increased vacuolization and Oil Red O staining area in the livers of rats. Importantly, Hepatic gene expression profile revealed that SOR suppressed fructose-stimulated overexpression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1/1c mRNA and nuclear protein. In accord, overexpression of SREBP-1c-responsive genes, such as fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, was also downregulated. In contrast, overexpressed nuclear protein of carbohydrate response element binding protein and mRNA of its target gene liver pyruvate kinase were not altered. Additionally, SOR also did not affect expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma- and -alpha, as well as their target genes, such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a, acyl-CoA oxidase and CD36.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that modulation of hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c-mediated gene expression contributes to SOR-elicited improvement of fructose-induced fatty liver in rats. Our findings provide a better understanding of SOR in the treatment of obesity and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xuemei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Changjin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yifan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Johji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamahara
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005632:Fructose; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D049918:Salacia; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014280:Triglycerides; D005632:Fructose; D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; C583748:carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a, rat
keywords: ACC; ACO; CPT; ChREBP; FAS; LPK; Lipid; Liver; NEFA; PPAR; SCD; SOR; SREBP; Salacia oblonga; Salacia oblonga root; Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c; Triglyceride; WAT; acetyl-CoA carboxylase; acyl-CoA oxidase; carbohydrate response element binding protein; carnitine palmitoyltransferase; fatty acid synthase; liver pyruvate kinase; non-esterified fatty acids; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; stearoyl-CoA desaturase; sterol regulatory element-binding protein; white adipose tissue