title: Epidemiology of hoarding disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hoarding disorder is typified by persistent difficulties discarding possessions, resulting in significant clutter that obstructs the individual's living environment and produces considerable functional impairment. The prevalence of hoarding disorder, as defined in DSM-5, is currently unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide a prevalence estimate specific to DSM-5 hoarding disorder and to delineate the demographic, behavioural and health features that characterise individuals with the disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a two-wave epidemiological study of 1698 adult individuals, originally recruited via the South East London Community Health (SELCoH) study. Participants screening positively for hoarding difficulties in wave 1, and who agreed to be re-contacted for wave 2 (n = 99), underwent in-home psychiatric interviews and completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. Current DSM-5 diagnoses were made via consensus diagnostic procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 19 individuals met DSM-5 criteria for hoarding disorder at the time of interview, corresponding to a weighted prevalence of 1.5% (95% CI 0.7-2.2). Those with hoarding disorder were older and more often unmarried (67%). Members of this group were also more likely to be impaired by a current physical health condition (52.6%) or comorbid mental disorder (58%), and to claim benefits as a result of these issues (47.4%). Individuals with hoarding disorder were also more likely to report lifetime use of mental health services, although access in the past year was less frequent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With a lower-bound prevalence of approximately 1.5%, hoarding disorder presents as a condition that affects people of both genders and is associated with substantial adversity.
authors.affiliation: Ashley E. Nordsletten, MSc, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK; Abraham Reichenberg, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK, and Departments of Psychiatry and Preventive Medicine, Seaver Center for Autism Research and Treatment and Friedman Brain Institute, Ichan Medical School at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Stephani L. Hatch, PhD, Lorena Fernández de la Cruz, PhD, Alberto Pertusa, MD, PhD, Matthew Hotopf, MRCPsych, PhD, David Mataix-Cols, PhD, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
authors.forename: Ashley E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Nordsletten
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reichenberg
authors.forename: Stephani L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hatch
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fernández de la Cruz
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pertusa
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hotopf
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mataix-Cols
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D000067836:Hoarding Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D057566:Self Report; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult