title: Effects of integrin-targeted photodynamic therapy on pancreatic carcinoma cell.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of photodynamic therapy with quantum dots-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) probe as photosensitizer on the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic carcinoma cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Construction of quantum dots-RGD probe as photosensitizer for integrin-targeted photodynamic therapy was accomplished. After cells were treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT), the proliferation of SW1990 cells were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Morphologic changes, cell cycle retardance and apoptosis were observed under fluoroscope and flow cytometry. The expression of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), protein kinase B (Akt) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The amount of reactive oxygen species were also evaluated by fluorescence probe.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The photodynamic therapy with quantum dots-RGD probe as photosensitizer significantly inhibited cell proliferation (P < 0.01). Apoptotic cells and morphologic changes could be found under optical microscope. The FCM revealed PDT group had more significant cell apoptosis rate compared to control cells (F = 130.617, P < 0.01) and cell cycle G0/G1 and S retardance (P < 0.05) compared to control cells. The expression of Mcl-1 and Akt mRNA were down-regulated, while expression of TRAIL mRNA was up-regulated after cells treated with PDT. PDT group had more significant number of cells producing reactive oxygen species compared to control cells (F = 3262.559, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The photodynamic therapy with quantum dots-RGD probe as photosensitizer significantly inhibits cell proliferation and increases apoptosis in SW1990 cells.
authors.affiliation: Min Zhou, Qian-Wen Ni, Shan-Ying Yang, Chun-Ying Qu, Lei-Ming Xu, Digestive Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Qian-Wen
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Shan-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chun-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Peng-Cheng
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jian-Cheng
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lei-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045663:Quantum Dots; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016023:Integrins; C579095:MCL1 protein, human; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D009842:Oligopeptides; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
keywords: Apoptosis; Pancreatic carcinoma; Photodynamic therapy; Reactive oxygen species; Targeted probe