title: Authentication of geographical origin of palm oil by chromatographic fingerprinting of triacylglycerols and partial least square-discriminant analysis.
abstract: Main goals of the present work were to develop authentication models based on liquid and gas chromatographic fingerprinting of triacylglycerols (TAGs) from palm oil of different geographical origins in order to compare them. For this purpose, a set of palm oil samples were collected from different continents: South eastern Asia, Africa and South America. For the analysis of the information in these fingerprint profiles, a pattern recognition technique such as partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to discriminate the geographical origin of these oils, at continent level. The liquid chromatography, coupled to a charged aerosol detector, (HPLC-CAD) TAGs separation was optimized in terms of mobile phase composition and by means of a solid silica core column. The gas chromatographic method with a mass spectrometer was applied under high temperature (HTGC-MS) in order to analyze the intact TAGs. Satisfactory chromatographic resolution within a short total analysis time was achieved with both chromatographic approaches and without any prior sample treatment. The rates of successful in prediction of the geographical origin of the 85 samples varied between 70% and 100%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, c/Fuentenueva s.n., E-18071 Granada, Spain. Electronic address: crsamblas@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Samblás
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arrebola-Pascual
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tres
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van Ruth
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cuadros-Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification; D013020:South America; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; D000073878:Palm Oil
keywords: Chemometrics; Food authenticity; Liquid and gas chromatography; Palm oil; Triacylglycerols fingerprints