title: Burden of peripheral arterial disease in Europe and the United States: a patient survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the current study was to quantify the burden of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) with respect to health-related quality of life, work productivity and activity impairment, and healthcare resource utilization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from the 2010 EU National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS), which included participants from France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK (5 EU, N = 57,805) as well as the 2010 US NHWS (N = 75,000). The NHWS is an annual, cross-sectional, self-administered Internet survey which employs a stratified random sampling frame to match the age and gender characteristics of the NHWS sample with known population statistics. Participants who self-reported a diagnosis of PAD were compared with participants who did not self-report a diagnosis of PAD on health-related quality of life (mental and physical component summary scores and health utilities from the Short Form-12v2), work productivity and activity impairment (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire), and healthcare resource use in terms of the number of physician visits, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations in the past six months through regression modeling adjusting for demographics and health characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 743 (1.29%) and 777 (1.04%) participants self-reported a diagnosis of PAD in the 5 EU and US, respectively. After adjusting for demographics and health characteristics, patients with PAD reported worse health-related quality of life, as measured by health utilities (5 EU: 0.66 vs. 0.70; US: 0.66 vs. 0.72; all p < .05), greater overall work impairment percentage (5 EU: 38.27% vs. 27.48%; US: 23.89% vs. 14.26%) and greater healthcare resource use compared to participants without PAD (all p < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest a significant burden for patients with PAD in both the 5 EU countries and the US with respect to both quality of life and economic outcomes. Improved management of these patients may have profound effects from both patient and societal perspectives.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marrett
authors.affiliation: Health Outcomes Practice, Kantar Health, 11 Madison Avenue, 12th Floor, New York, NY 10010, USA. marco.dibonaventura@kantarhealth.com.
authors.forename: Marco daCosta
authors.initials: Md
authors.lastname: DiBonaventura
authors.forename: Qiaoyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004526:Efficiency; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014937:Work; D055815:Young Adult