title: Muscle biopsies off-set normal cellular signaling in surrounding musculature.
abstract: Studies of muscle physiology and muscular disorders often require muscle biopsies to answer questions about muscle biology. In this context, we have often wondered if muscle biopsies, especially if performed repeatedly, would affect interpretation of muscle morphology and cellular signaling. We hypothesized that muscle morphology and cellular signaling involved in myogenesis/regeneration and protein turnover can be changed by a previous muscle biopsy in close proximity to the area under investigation. Here we report a case where a past biopsy or biopsies affect cellular signaling of the surrounding muscle tissue for at least 3 weeks after the biopsy was performed and magnetic resonance imaging suggests that an effect of a biopsy may persist for at least 5 months. Cellular signaling after a biopsy resembles what is seen in severe limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2I with respect to protein synthesis and myogenesis despite normal histologic appearance.
authors.affiliation: Neuromuscular Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: thomas.krag@rh.regionh.dk.
authors.forename: Thomas O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Krag
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hauerslev
authors.forename: Julia R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Dahlqvist
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vissing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D049288:Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle / Q000235:genetics*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009124:Muscle Proteins
keywords: Cellular signaling; Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2I; Muscle biopsy; Muscle regeneration; Wound healing