title: Shorter minimum p-wave duration is associated with paroxysmal lone atrial fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prolonged P-wave dispersion (PWD) and P-wave duration (PWdur) have been found to be associated with common atrial fibrillation (AF), but the association of P-wave indices with lone atrial fibrillation (LAF) is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 61 paroxysmal LAF cases and 150 controls without AF. P-wave indices were measured from a 12-lead ECG. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between P-wave indices and LAF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PWD was longer in LAF patients (median, IQR; 54.1 [42.9-63.2] ms) than controls (46.0 [38.5-57.7] ms), P=0.03. MinPWdur was shorter in LAF patients (60.5 [50.7-72.6] ms) than controls (66.0 [55.5-76.4] ms), P=0.03. In multivariable models, only the association between shorter minPWdur and LAF remained statistically significant (OR [95% CI] per tertile increment in minPWdur, 0.64 [0.42-0.95], P=0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unlike common AF, paroxysmal LAF is independently associated with shorter minPWdur. This finding suggests that both shorter and prolonged PWdur may be associated with increased risk of AF.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Ian C Y
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Balaji
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Benditt
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Chwee N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Quay
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiac Department, National University Heart Centre, Singapore.
authors.forename: Lieng H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: chenx484@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Lin Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: AF; Atrial fibrillation; BMI; CHD; CI; Case–control study; ECG; IQR; LA; LV; MPE; Maximum P-wave duration; Minimum P-wave duration; OR; P-wave dispersion; P-wave duration; P-wave indices; PWD; PWdur; atrial fibrillation; body mass index; confidence interval; coronary heart disease; electrocardiogram; interquartile range; left atrial; left ventricular; maxPWdur; maximum P-wave duration; mean percentage error; minPWdur; minimum P-wave duration; odds ratio