title: [Relationship between the expressions of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase in hepatocellular carcinoma and clinicopathological parameters].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the expressions of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in hepatocellular carcinoma and analyze its relationship with clinicopathological parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fluorogenic quantitative PCR, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase in hepatocellular carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IDO mRNA expression in cancerous tissues increased markedly than that in the corresponding non-cancerous tissues (2(-ΔΔCT) = 1.71, P = 0.001) . The immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence results showed that IDO protein was expressed in cytoplasm of hepatocellular carcinoma and tumor-surrounding tissues. But there was no expression in normal liver tissues from benign hepatic lesions and corresponding non-cancerous tissues. An over-expression of IDO protein was detected in 43 patients (48.3%) , a low expression in 25 (28.1%) and no expression in 21 (23.6%). Relationship between IDO expression and clinicopathological parameters: an over-expression of IDO in HCC was associated with recurrence, survival time, metastasis and TNM stage (P < 0.05), but not associated with patient's cirrhosis, AFP level, histological differentiation type, Barcelona clinic liver cancer stage, gender, age, HbsAg positivity, number of tumors and tumor size (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An over-expression of IDO in HCC patients may affect patient prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery & Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ding-hua
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xiang-hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qing-ling
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian-kun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Ke-Bo
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase