title: Elevated circulating levels of tissue factor-positive microvesicles are associated with distant metastasis in lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Microvesicles (MV) in the blood stream are associated with distant metastasis in cancer. Platelet or endothelial cell-related MV actively participate in thrombogenesis, which is an important step in cancer metastasis. This study investigated the correlations between MV levels of platelet-poor plasma and distant metastasis in lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Platelet-poor plasma from 44 treatment-naive lung cancer (23 with distant metastasis) and 19 normal subjects was used to determine the levels of glycoprotein Iβ (CD42) + platelet MV (PMV), P-selectin (CD62P) + PMV, VE-cadherin (CD144) + endothelial MV (EMV), tissue factor (CD142) + MV, thrombin-antithrombin complex and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of CD142 + MV was significant (odds ratio 5.86, 95 % confidence interval 1.31-38.3) in predicting distant metastasis in lung cancer, and a cutoff value of 2.668 (after logarithm transformation) in the ROC curve had a specificity of 90 % and a sensitivity of 59 %. The presence of distant metastasis showed a significant correlation between CD144 + EMV and VEGF, but not between CD144 + EMV and CD42 + PMV or CD62P + PMV in lung cancer subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding of CD142 + MV in platelet-poor plasma may be useful for suggesting distant metastasis in lung cancer. In addition to thrombogenesis, interaction between VE-cadherin and VEGF may be needed for successful metastasis in lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memory Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Jo-Chi
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Liang-Che
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Boy-Yiing
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yu-Chih
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hung-Jie
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chih-Teng
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Chung-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D012372:ROC Curve; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013925:Thromboplastin