title: [Subclinical atheroesclerosis and metabolic syndrome in children].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metabolic syndrome (MS) in children has been associated to subclinical atherosclerosis as estimated by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aim to ascertain the influence of MS, insulin resistance (IR) and nutritional status on CIMT. Percentiles with an increased risk of CIMT were also explored.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of 447 children attending public schools in Santiago, Chile, was performed during years 2009-2011. This sample was selected considering the presence of one or more MS component and IR. Anthropometry and BP were assessed. A blood sample for determination of glycemia, insulinemia and lipids was taken. CIMT was assessed using high resolution ultrasonography with automated software. Pearson correlation, Student's t-test, Chisquared test, and stepwise logistic regression were computed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 11.5 ± 1.0 years old (range 10- 14); 59% girls; 93% pubertal; 72% excess weight; 24% MS; and 15% IR. Mean values of MS components in children with CIMT ≥ percentile 75 versus < percentile 75 had differences for systolic BP or diastolic BP ≥ percentile 90 (BP ≥ percentile 90) and high density lipoproteins cholesterol ≤ 40 mg/dL (CHDL ≤ 40 mg/dL). The logistic regression for CIMT ≥ percentile 75 only selected BP ≥ percentile 90 and CHDL ≤ 40 mg/dL. The logistic regression for CIMT ≥ percentile 90 did not select independent variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this group of children BP ≥ percentile 90 and CHDL ≤ 40 mg/dL values were associated to CIMT ≥ percentile 75. Influences of IR and nutritional status on CIMT were not found.
authors.affiliation: División de Pediatría.Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arnaiz
authors.forename: Salesa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barja
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Villarroel
authors.forename: Angélica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Domínguez
authors.forename: Iván
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Godoy
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farías
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mardones
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009752:Nutritional Status