title: Proteomic analyses reveal a role of cytoplasmic droplets as an energy source during epididymal sperm maturation.
abstract: A small portion of cytoplasm is generally retained as the cytoplasmic droplet (CD) on the flagellum of spermatozoa after spermiation in mice. CDs are believed to play a role in osmoadaptation by allowing water entrance or exit. However, many lines of evidence suggest that CDs may have roles beyond osmoregulation. To gain more insights, we purified CDs from murine epididymal spermatozoa and conducted proteomic analyses on proteins highly enriched in CDs. Among 105 proteins identified, 71 (68%) were enzymes involved in energy metabolism. We also found that sperm mitochondria underwent a reactivation process and glycolytic enzymes were further distributed and incorporated into different regions of the flagellum during epididymal sperm maturation. Both processes appeared to require CDs. Our data suggest that the CD represents a transient organelle that serves as an energy source essential for epididymal sperm maturation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, United States of America.
authors.forename: Shuiqiao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Huili
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004822:Epididymis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006019:Glycolysis; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D013079:Sperm Maturation; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate