title: Towards storage of cells and gametes in dry form.
abstract: We review published data on cell/gamete lyophilization. Most studies have utilized the same established protocols for cryopreservation (storage in liquid nitrogen) as for cell lyophilization (dehydration of frozen samples by water sublimation). Surveying natural lyoprotectants, we suggest trehalose and late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins as ideal candidates for the reversible desiccation of mammalian cells/gametes. We find that despite the numerous water subtraction techniques, scientists have relied almost exclusively on lyophilization. There is thus room for improvement in both medium formulation and water subtraction strategies for dry cell/gamete storage. We believe the development of dry processing protocols for use in biobanks of cells/gametes, at reduced cost and with minimal carbon footprint, is within our grasp.
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy. Electronic address: ploi@unite.it.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Loi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iuso
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Czernik
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zacchini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ptak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018070:Biological Specimen Banks; D002470:Cell Survival; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005854:Germ Cells; D008322:Mammals; D020011:Protective Agents; D014199:Trehalose
chemical_list: D020011:Protective Agents; D014199:Trehalose
keywords: anydrobiosis; gametes; liquid nitrogen; long-term storage; lyophilization