title: Electrokinetics of non-Newtonian fluids: a review.
abstract: This work presents a comprehensive review of electrokinetics pertaining to non-Newtonian fluids. The topic covers a broad range of non-Newtonian effects in electrokinetics, including electroosmosis of non-Newtonian fluids, electrophoresis of particles in non-Newtonian fluids, streaming potential effect of non-Newtonian fluids and other related non-Newtonian effects in electrokinetics. Generally, the coupling between non-Newtonian hydrodynamics and electrostatics not only complicates the electrokinetics but also causes the fluid/particle velocity to be nonlinearly dependent on the strength of external electric field and/or the zeta potential. Shear-thinning nature of liquids tends to enhance electrokinetic phenomena, while shear-thickening nature of liquids leads to the reduction of electrokinetic effects. In addition, directions for the future studies are suggested and several theoretical issues in non-Newtonian electrokinetics are highlighted.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Cunlu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004560:Electricity; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004586:Electrophoresis; D007477:Ions; D007700:Kinetics; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000379:methods; D009995:Osmosis; D010316:Particle Size; D012212:Rheology; D033081:Shear Strength; D012996:Solutions; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D007477:Ions; D012996:Solutions
keywords: Electroosmosis; Electrophoresis; Electrorheological fluids; Microfluidics; Non-Newtonian electrokinetics; Non-linear electrokinetic phenomena; Viscoelectric effect