title: Protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 against colistin sulfate-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells.
abstract: The present study aimed to examine the protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 against colistin-induced neurotoxicity in cultured rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Ginsenoside Rg1 was shown to elevate cell viability, decrease levels of malondialdehyde and intracellular reactive oxygen species, enhance activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and decrease the release of cytochrome-c, formation of DNA fragmentation in colistin-treated PC12 cells. Ginsenoside Rg1 also reversed the increased caspase-9 and -3 mRNA levels caused by colistin in PC12 cells. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rg1 exerts a neuroprotective effect on colistin-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, at least in part, via the inhibition of oxidative stress, prevention of apoptosis mediated via mitochondria pathway. Co-administration of ginsenoside Rg1 highlights the potential to increase the therapeutic index of colistin.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guo-Zheng
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ji-Chang
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003091:Colistin / Q000633:toxicity*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009498:Neurotoxins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D045304:Cytochromes c; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D005978:Glutathione; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1; D003091:Colistin