title: The function of EHD2 in endocytosis and defense signaling is affected by SUMO.
abstract: Post-translational modification of target proteins by the small ubiquitin-like modifier protein (SUMO) regulates many cellular processes. SUMOylation has been shown to regulate cellular localization and function of a variety of proteins, in some cases affecting nuclear import or export. We have previously characterized two EHDs (EH domain containing proteins) in Arabidospis and showed their involvement in plant endocytosis. AtEHD2 has an inhibitory effect on endocytosis of transferrin, FM-4-64, and the leucine rich repeat receptor like protein LeEix2, an effect that requires and intact coiled-coil domain. Inhibition of endocytosis of LeEix2 by EHD2 is effective in inhibiting defense responses mediated by the LeEix2 receptor in response to its ligand EIX. In the present work we demonstrate that SUMOylation of EHD2 appears to be required for EHD2-induced inhibition of LeEix2 endocytosis. Indeed, we found that a mutant form of EHD2, possessing a defective SUMOylation site, has an increased nuclear abundance, can no longer be SUMOylated and is no longer effective in inhibiting LeEix2 endocytosis or defense signaling in response to EIX.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel-Aviv University, 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bar
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.forename: Meirav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leibman
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ezer
authors.forename: Adi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avni
mesh_terms: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004705:Endocytosis; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000096:biosynthesis; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011485:Protein Binding; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058207:Sumoylation; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C548884:EHD2 protein, Arabidopsis; D005030:Ethylenes; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C036216:ethylene; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases