title: Vocation, friendship and resilience: a study exploring nursing student and staff views on retention and attrition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is international concern about retention of student nurses on undergraduate programmes. United Kingdom Higher Education Institutions are monitored on their attrition statistics and can be penalised financially, so they have an incentive to help students remain on their programmes beyond their moral duty to ensure students receive the best possible educational experience.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to understand students' and staff concerns about programmes and placements as part of developing our retention strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study reports qualitative data on retention and attrition collected as part of an action research study.
  
  
  METHODS
  One University School of Nursing and Midwifery in the South West of England.
  
  
  METHODS
  Staff, current third year and ex-student nurses from the adult field.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected in focus groups, both face-to face and virtual, and individual telephone interviews. These were transcribed and subjected to qualitative content analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FOUR THEMES EMERGED: Academic support, Placements and mentors, Stresses and the reality of nursing life, and Dreams for a better programme.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The themes Academic support, Placements and mentors and Stresses and the reality of nursing life, resonate with international literature. Dreams for a better programme included smaller group learning. Vocation, friendship and resilience seem instrumental in retaining students, and Higher Education Institutions should work to facilitate these. 'Vocation' has been overlooked in the retention discussions, and working more actively to foster vocation and belongingness could be important.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery. Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL48AA, UK.
authors.forename: Graham R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Val
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Health
authors.forename: Tracey
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Proctor-Childs
keywords: Student nurse; action research.; qualitative research; retention