title: REV-ERB-ALPHA circadian gene variant associates with obesity in two independent populations: Mediterranean and North American.
abstract: METHODS
  Despite the solid connection between REV-ERB and obesity, the information about whether genetic variations at this locus may be associated with obesity traits is scarce. Therefore our objective was to study the association between REV-ERB-ALPHA1 rs2314339 and obesity in two independent populations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants were 2214 subjects from Spanish Mediterranean (n = 1404) and North American (n = 810) populations. Anthropometric, biochemical, dietary, and genotype analyses were performed. We found novel associations between the REV-ERB-ALPHA1 rs2314339 genotype and obesity in two independent populations: in Spanish Mediterranean and North American groups, the frequency of the minor-allele-carriers (AA+ AG) was significantly lower in the "abdominally obese" group than in those of the "nonabdominally obese" group (p < 0.05). Minor allele carriers had lower probability of abdominal obesity than noncarriers, and the effect was of similar magnitude for both populations (OR ≈ 1.50). There were consistent associations between REV-ERB-ALPHA1 genotype and obesity-related traits (p < 0.05). Energy intake was not significantly associated with REV-ERB-ALPHA1 rs2314339. However, physical activity significantly differed by genotype. A significant interaction between the REV-ERB-ALPHA1 variant and monounsaturated-fatty-acids (MUFA) intake for obesity was also detected in the Mediterranean population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new discovery highlights the importance of REV-ERB-ALPHA1 in obesity and provides evidence for the connection between our biological clock and obesity-related traits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garaulet
authors.forename: Caren E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Purificación
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gomez-Abellán
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ordovás-Montañés
authors.forename: Yu-Chi
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Laurence D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Parnell
authors.forename: Donna K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Arnett
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ordovás
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009656:North America; D056953:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013030:Spain; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C064353:NR1D1 protein, human; D056953:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1
keywords: Circadian; Clock genes; Obesity; REV-ERB-ALPHA-1; Single nucleotide Polymorphism