title: Profound acute limb ischemia affecting all four limbs following cocaine inhalation.
abstract: Recreational drug use is a recognized cause of a number of acute vascular events. Cocaine is associated with a number of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias, and aortic dissection. Cutting agents are commonly used to dilute the amount of cocaine required to enhance the profits of the seller. Such cutting agents themselves often provoke acute vascular disease. We present the case of a 34-year-old female presenting with profound ischemia affecting all four limbs secondary to cocaine inhalation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: McMullin
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bayat
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ed
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rytina
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Teik C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: See
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Varty
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Electronic address: patrick.coughlin@addenbrookes.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: Patrick A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Coughlin
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D004340:Drug Contamination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D007978:Levamisole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D007978:Levamisole; D003042:Cocaine