title: Smelling danger - alarm cue responses in the polychaete Nereis (Hediste) diversicolor (Müller, 1776) to potential fish predation.
abstract: The harbour ragworm, Nereis (Hediste) diversicolor is a common intertidal marine polychaete that lives in burrows from which it has to partially emerge in order to forage. In doing so, it is exposed to a variety of predators. One way in which predation risk can be minimised is through chemical detection from within the relative safety of the burrows. Using CCTV and motion capture software, we show that H. diversicolor is able to detect chemical cues associated with the presence of juvenile flounder (Platichthys flesus). Number of emergences, emergence duration and distance from burrow entrance are all significantly reduced during exposure to flounder conditioned seawater and flounder mucous spiked seawater above a threshold with no evidence of behavioural habituation. Mucous from bottom-dwelling juvenile plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) and pelagic adult herring (Clupea harengus) elicit similar responses, suggesting that the behavioural reactions are species independent. The data implies that H. diversicolor must have well developed chemosensory mechanisms for predator detection and is consequently able to effectively minimize risk.
authors.affiliation: Scottish Association of Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Dunstaffnage, Scotland.
authors.forename: C Elisa
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Schaum
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Batty
authors.forename: Kim S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Last
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D003463:Cues; D005432:Flounder / Q000502:physiology*; D009093:Mucus; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000502:physiology*; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D012623:Seawater; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*