title: Pharmacokinetics of niacin, simvastatin and their metabolites in healthy Chinese subjects after single and multiple doses of a fixed dose combination tablet of niacin extended release/simvastatin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A fixed dose combination tablet of niacin extended release (ER)/simvastatin was recently developed in China. This study was designed to assess and compare the pharmacokinetics of niacin, simvastatin and their metabolites in healthy Chinese subjects after single and multiple doses administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  From day 1 to day 7, 12 Chinese subjects were given a tablet every day at approximately 10 p.m. Serial blood samples were collected. Niacin and nicotinuric acid (NUA) in plasma, niacin, NUA, N-methylnicotinamide (MNA) and N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2PY) in urine, simvastatin and simvastatin acid in plasma were determined by LC/MS/MS methods. Pharmacokinetic parameters on days 1 and 7 were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main pharmacokinetic parameters for the single and multiple doses were as -follows: Niacin: Tmax were 3.8±1.5 h and 3.9±2.0 h; Cmax were 2 091±1 315 ng/ml and 2 323±1 542 ng/ml; AUC0-t were 4 123.88±3 138.48 ng ∙ h/ml and 4 385.98±3 127.05 ng ∙ h/ml. NUA: Tmax were 4.7±1.7 h and 3.8±1.5 h; Cmax were 1 057±549 ng/ml and 1 087±470 ng/ml; AUC0-t were 4 012.49±2 168.68 ng ∙ h/ml and 4 040.45±1 886.57 ng ∙ h/ml. Simvastatin: Tmax were 1.8±1.0 h and 2.5±2.5 h; Cmax were 3.15±1.67 ng/ml and 4.87±4.11 ng/ml; AUC0-t were 9.03±5.10 ng ∙ h/ml and 17.63±13.93 ng ∙ h/ml. Simvastatin acid: Tmax were 5.8±1.7 h and 6.5±1.4 h; Cmax were 4.22±2.10 ng/ml and 9.30±8.09 ng/ml; AUC0-t were 34.65±16.89 ng ∙ h/ml and 61.62±46.41 ng ∙ h/ml. Urine Recovery rate of total niacin: (40.55±7.38)% and (62.87±12.04)%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with those after a single dose, pharmacokinetics of niacin and NUA was similar; total urine recovery of niacin was higher; exposure to simvastatin and simvastatin acid were higher following multiple doses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Y N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Z L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D009525:Niacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013607:Tablets; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D013607:Tablets; D009525:Niacin; C063287:simvastatin acid; D019821:Simvastatin