title: Enhancement of fat graft survival by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adipose-derived stem cells can improve fat graft survival, but there is no literature reporting whether bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhance fat graft survival. The authors explored the feasibility of enhancing fat graft survival using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Third-passage expanded rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were characterized by adipocyte and osteocyte differentiation and by CD29 and CD31 expression. Three were three groups of nude mice in this experiment: group A, mesenchymal stem cells; group B, expanded mesenchymal stem cells; group C, Dulbecco's medium as a blank control. The transplanted mixture contained 0.3 ml of adipose granule and 0.2 ml of cell components of 5×10⁶ cells. Four months later, grafts were harvested, weighed, and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expanded cells were successfully isolated and identified by fibroblast-like adherent shape and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The results were 24.6±3.4 percent for CD29 and 1.8±0.4 percent for CD31 in group A, and 45.0±4.9 percent for CD29 and 1.6±0.3 percent for CD31 in group B. Fat graft survival rates were 0.2052±0.0015 g, 0.1761±0.0014 g, and 0.1350±0.0020 g in groups A, B, and C, respectively (p<0.05). Fat grafts in group A exhibited the best survival and morphologic integrity, uniform lipid droplets, and rich blood vessels; those in group B exhibited modest survival, less integrity, less uniform lipid droplets, and connective tissue septa; and those in group C exhibited some large bubbles, varied sizes of lipid droplets, and significant fibrous septa (p<0.05). The vascular densities for groups A, B, and C were 30.4±1.5, 27.2±1.3, and 23.3±1.9 capillaries/mm2, respectively (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and expanded bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are capable of improving fat graft survival; bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are more potent than expanded bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for doing so.
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi, Guangzhou, and Beijing, People's Republic of China From the Institute of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University; the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School and Research Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University; and the Ultrasonic Diagnosis Department, Navy General Hospital.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Chenggang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Yingjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Jiansheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Diao
authors.forename: Shuzhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D011817:Rabbits