title: Subthalamic nucleus involvement in children: a neuroimaging pattern-recognition approach.
abstract: A neuroimaging-based pattern-recognition approach has been shown to be very helpful in the diagnosis of a wide range of pediatric central nervous system diseases. Few disorders may selectively affect the subthalamic nucleus in children including Leigh syndrome, succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, kernicterus, chronic end-stage liver failure and near total hypoxic-ischemic injury in the full-term neonates. The consideration of the constellation of clinical history and findings as well as additional neuroimaging findings should allow planning the appropriate diagnostic tests to make the correct diagnosis in children with involvement of the subthalamic nucleus.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Thangamadhan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bosemani
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Alexandru Obregia Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Anghelescu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Eugen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boltshauser
authors.affiliation: Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hoon
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Phillip L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Pearl
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Alexandru Obregia Hospital, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Neurology, Pediatric Neurology, Neurosurgery, Psychiatry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Craiu
authors.affiliation: Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Michael V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Thierry A G M
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Huisman
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: aporett1@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poretti
mesh_terms: D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Children; Magnetic resonance imaging; Pattern-recognition approach; Subthalamic nucleus