title: Energy intake and diet selection during buffet consumption in women classified by the 6-n-propylthiouracil bitter taste phenotype.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exposure to a variety of energy-dense foods promotes increased energy intake and adiposity. Taste blindness to the bitterness of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) has been associated with increased adiposity in women and might be linked to an increased energy intake and greater selection of dietary fat.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether PROP nontaster (NT) women would consume more fat and energy in a buffet setting than medium taster (MT) or supertaster (ST) women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five non-diet-restrained, lean, young women [mean ± SEM BMI (in kg/m²): 21.5 ± 0.6; age: 26.1 ± 1.3 y) ate lunch and dinner in the laboratory for 3 consecutive days under the following 2 conditions: ad libitum control meals (CONTs) or high-variety buffet meals (BUFFs). A standard breakfast was consumed each day of the study (4 - d washout between conditions).
  
  
  RESULTS
  NTs and MTs consumed more energy and fat (as the percentage of energy) from BUFFs than did STs (P < 0.01), which contributed to higher daily energy intakes in these 2 groups of women during BUFFs (2149 ± 49 kcal/d for NTs and 2209 ± 48 kcal/d for MTs compared with 1933 ± 50 kcal/d for STs; P < 0.01). Together, NTs and MTs consumed an extra 246 kcal/d during BUFFs than during CONTs. In addition, compared with STs, NTs and MTs consumed more added fats and sweets (servings/d; P < 0.003) and more energy from snacks (P < 0.01) across all study days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NT and MT women consume more daily energy than do ST women when eating in a buffet setting, which is a common type of dietary exposure. This increase in energy intake over time could contribute to a positive energy balance and increased adiposity previously reported in these women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science (YS, YK, and BJT) and the Nutritional Sciences Department (DJH), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ.
authors.forename: Yasmine
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shafaie
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koelliker
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Beverly J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Tepper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000963:Antimetabolites; D002755:Choice Behavior; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006963:Hyperphagia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D062407:Meals; D009515:New Jersey; D050177:Overweight / Q000209:etiology; D011441:Propylthiouracil; D062410:Snacks; D013651:Taste Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D055697:Taste Perception / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D004041:Dietary Fats; D011441:Propylthiouracil