title: Formulation and evaluation of chitosan-chondroitin sulphate based nasal inserts for zolmitriptan.
abstract: Bioadhesive nasal dosage forms are an attractive method for overcoming rapid mucociliary clearance transport in the nose and for delivering the drug directly to brain. The present study was designed to formulate chondroitin sulphate (CS) and chitosan (CH) nasal inserts employing zolmitriptan, an antimigraine drug. The interpolymer complexes (IPC) formed between -COO(-) and -OSO3(-) groups of CS and -NH3(+) group of CH were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), differential scanning analysis (DSC), and zeta potential studies. The unloaded and loaded nasal inserts were evaluated for water uptake studies, and bioadhesive strength studies, scanning electron microscopic studies (SEM). The in vitro drug release and in situ permeation studies were carried out on loaded nasal inserts. The DSC and IR studies confirmed the formation of a complex between the two polymers. The results indicated that the formulation F1 (CH : CS; 30 : 70) was demonstrating the highest bioadhesive strength and zeta potential. The presence of porous structure in the nasal inserts was confirmed by the SEM analysis. Further, in vitro and in situ release studies demonstrated that formulations F9 and F11 (drug : polymer; 1 : 10) were releasing 90% and 98% zolmitriptan over a period of 8 h. It can be concluded that nasal inserts formulated from chitosan-chondroitin sulphate (CH-CS) interpolymer complex (IPC) can be used for delivery of antimigraine drug to brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India.
authors.forename: Kirandeep
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Gurpreet
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kaur
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal / Q000379:methods*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D058825:Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014363:Tryptamines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D023303:Oxazolidinones; D058825:Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists; D014363:Tryptamines; C089750:zolmitriptan; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D048271:Chitosan