title: Cantharidin toxicosis in 2 alpacas.
abstract: Two adult alpacas were presented for recumbency and reluctance to rise. Cantharidin toxicosis was suspected based on clinical and ancillary diagnostic findings. The diagnosis was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of gastric contents and urine. Despite medical treatment, neither alpaca survived. Blister beetle toxicosis has not been previously described in camelids. Challenges in treatment of affected ruminants or pseudoruminants are noted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences (Simpson, Streeter, Genova), Department of Veterinary Pathobiology (De Souza), Department of Veterinary Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA; Department of Veterinary Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA (Morgan).
authors.forename: Katharine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Streeter
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Souza
authors.forename: Suzanne G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Genova
authors.forename: Sandra E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002161:Camelids, New World; D002193:Cantharidin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D001517:Coleoptera; D005260:Female; D005766:Gastrointestinal Contents / Q000737:chemistry; D000455:Medicago sativa; D011041:Poisoning / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D002193:Cantharidin