title: Pyrroloquinoline quinone prevents MK-801-induced stereotypical behavior and cognitive deficits in mice.
abstract: Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), an essential nutrient, antioxidant, redox modulator, and nerve growth factor, prevents cognitive deficits associated with oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration. Previous molecular imaging studies also demonstrate that PQQ binds to N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. In this study, we investigated the effects of PQQ on stereotypical behaviors and cognitive deficits induced by MK-801, a non-competitive NMDA antagonist used to model schizophrenia. Mice were given repeated injections of MK-801 (0.5mg/kg/d) and PQQ (0.2, 2.0, or 20 μg/kg/d) for 60 days. Behavior was evaluated using a variety of motor, social, and cognitive tests. We found that PQQ administration significantly attenuated MK-801-induced increases in stereotypical behavior and ataxia, suggesting a protective role of PQQ against MK-801-induced neuronal dysfunction and psychiatric disorders. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of PQQ.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China. Electronic address: zhouxingqin@jsinm.org.
authors.forename: Xingqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Quancheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xindai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Shishi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D045542:PQQ Cofactor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012919:Social Behavior; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D045542:PQQ Cofactor
keywords: Cognitive deficits; MK-801; NMDA receptors; Pyrroloquinoline quinone; Stereotypical