title: Abnormalities in whole-brain functional connectivity observed in treatment-naive post-traumatic stress disorder patients following an earthquake.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Convergent studies have highlighted the dysfunction of the amygdala, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, only a few studies have investigated the functional connectivity between brain regions in PTSD patients during the resting state, which may improve our understanding of the neuropathophysiology of PTSD. The aim of this study was to investigate patterns of whole-brain functional connectivity in treatment-naive PTSD patients without co-morbid conditions who experienced the 8.0-magnitude earthquake in the Sichuan province of China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 72 PTSD patients and 86 trauma-exposed non-PTSD controls participated in the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. All these subjects were recruited from the disaster zone of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. Functional connectivities between 90 paired brain regions in PTSD patients were compared with those in trauma-exposed non-PTSD controls. Furthermore, Pearson correlation analysis was performed between significantly abnormal connectivities in PTSD patients and their clinician-administered PTSD scale (CAPS) scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with non-PTSD controls, PTSD patients showed weaker positive connectivities between the middle prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and rectus, as well as between the inferior orbitofrontal cortex and the hippocampus. In addition, PTSD patients showed stronger negative connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the insula. The CAPS scores in PTSD patients correlated negatively with the connectivity between the amygdala and the mPFC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTSD patients showed abnormalities in whole-brain functional connectivity, primarily affecting the connectivities between the mPFC and limbic system, and connectivity between the PCC and insula.
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Institute,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Hunan,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College,Nanjing University,Nanjing.People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Institute,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Hunan,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Institute,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Hunan,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Institute,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Hunan,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College,Nanjing University,Nanjing.People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College,Nanjing University,Nanjing.People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College,Nanjing University,Nanjing.People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Mianzhu Psychiatric Hospital,Erhuan Road and Mianzun Road, Deyang, Sichuan,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Center of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, Sichuan,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu, Sichuan,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry,University of Florida,Gainesville, FL,USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College,Nanjing University,Nanjing.People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Institute,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Hunan,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D063132:Connectome; D004190:Disasters; D055866:Earthquakes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology*