title: Bioactive components from flowers of Sambucus nigra L. increase glucose uptake in primary porcine myotube cultures and reduce fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans.
abstract: Obesity and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles are major features of type 2 diabetes. In the present study, we examined the potential of Sambucus nigra flower (elderflowers) extracts to stimulate glucose uptake (GU) in primary porcine myotubes and reduce fat accumulation (FAc) in Caenorhabditis elegans. Bioassay guided chromatographic fractionations of extracts and fractions resulted in the identification of naringenin and 5-O- caffeoylquinic acid exhibiting a significant increase in GU. In addition, phenolic compounds related to those found in elderflowers were also tested, and among these, kaempferol, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, and caffeic acid increased GU significantly. FAc was significantly reduced in C. elegans, when treated with elderflower extracts, their fractions and the metabolites naringenin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-5″-acetylglycoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside and the related phenolic compounds kaempferol and ferulic acid. The study indicates that elderflower extracts contain bioactive compounds capable of modulating glucose and lipid metabolism, suitable for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Aarhus University , Blicher's Allé 20, Postbox 50, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sumangala
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.forename: Kathrine B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Louise C B
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Lars P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grevsen
authors.forename: Nils J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Færgeman
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
authors.forename: Jette F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oksbjerg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005223:Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027924:Sambucus nigra / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005223:Fats; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005947:Glucose