title: S.T.A.R.T.T.: development of a national, multidisciplinary trauma crisis resource management curriculum-results from the pilot course.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Most medical errors are nontechnical and include failures in team communication, situational awareness, resource use, and leadership. Other high-risk industries have adopted team-based crisis resource management (CRM) training strategies to address "nontechnical" skills and to improve human error and safety. Here, we describe the development and evaluation of a national multidisciplinary trauma CRM curriculum.
  
  
  METHODS
  A needs analysis survey was distributed to general surgery program directors across Canada. With the use of this feedback, a course called STARTT [Standardized Trauma and Resuscitation Team Training] was developed and held in conjunction with the Canadian Surgery Forum. Participants completed a precourse and postcourse evaluation exploring changes in attitudes toward simulation and CRM principles using previously validated instruments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty surgical residents, 6 nurses, 4 respiratory therapists, and 11 instructors (trauma surgeons, emergency physicians, nurses, and intensivists) participated. Of the participants, 100% completed the survey. Satisfaction was very high, with 97.5% of the participants rating the course as "good" or "excellent" and 97.5% recommending it to others. The presurvey and postsurvey showed statistically significant improvement in attitudes toward simulation and overall CRM principles (136.3 vs. 140.3 of 170, p = 0.004) following the course, primarily in the domain of teamwork (69.1 vs. 72.0 of 85, p = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Creation of a national multidisciplinary trauma CRM curriculum is feasible, has high satisfaction among participants, and can improve attitudes toward the importance of simulation and CRM principles with the ultimate goal of improving patient safety and care.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Surgery (M.T.Z., J.P., L.M.G.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba; Department of Surgery (S.W.,J.D.P.-G., P.T.E.), and Division of Critical Care Medicine (P.B.), University of Alberta, Edmonton; and Departments of Surgery (J.B.K.) and Critical Care Medicine (J.B.K., C.G.B.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Department of Surgery (M.H.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (C.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; and Department of Surgery (P.F.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Markus T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ziesmann
authors.forename: Sandy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Widder
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kortbeek
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brindley
authors.forename: Morad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hameed
authors.forename: John Damian
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Paton-Gay
authors.forename: Paul T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Engels
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fata
authors.forename: Chad G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Lawrence Marshall
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Gillman
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D006801:Humans; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000592:standards*; D010820:Physicians / Q000592:standards; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods*; D014194:Traumatology / Q000193:education*; D014481:United States; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy*