title: Gastro-intestinal vascular emergencies.
abstract: Gastro-Intestinal Vascular Emergencies include all digestive ischaemic injuries related to acute or chronic vascular and/or haemodynamic diseases. Gastro-intestinal ischaemic injuries can be occlusive or non-occlusive, arterial or venous, localized or generalized, superficial or transmural and share the risks of infarction, organ failure and death. The diagnosis must be suspected, at the initial presentation of any sudden, continuous and unusual abdominal pain, contrasting with normal physical examination. Risk factors are often unknown at presentation and no biomarker is currently available. The diagnosis is confirmed by abdominal computed tomography angiography identifying intestinal ischaemic injury, either with vascular occlusion or in a context of low flow. Recent knowledge in the pathophysiology of acute mesenteric ischaemia, clinical experience and existing recommendations have generated a multimodal and multidisciplinary management strategy. Based on the gastro-intestinal viability around a simple algorithm, and coordinated by gastroenterologists, the dual aim is to avoid large intestinal resections and death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, IBD, Nutritional Support and Intestinal Transplantation, Beaujon Hospital Clichy, Paris VII University, 100 Boulevard du General Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France. Electronic address: olivier.corcos@bjn.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Corcos
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nuzzo
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000175:diagnosis; D000208:Acute Disease; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004630:Emergencies; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D065666:Mesenteric Ischemia; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography; D012307:Risk Factors; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Acute mesenteric ischaemia; Intestinal failure; Intestinal ischaemic injury; Intestinal stroke; Ischaemic colitis; Non-occlusive; Revascularization; Short bowel syndrome; Superior mesentery artery; Translocation