title: Changes in taste perception and eating behavior after bariatric surgery-induced weight loss in women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery causes greater weight loss than laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). We tested the hypothesis that RYGB has weight loss-independent effects on taste perception, which influence eating behavior and contribute to the greater weight loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were studied before and after ∼20% weight loss induced by RYGB (n = 17) or LAGB (n = 10). The following have been evaluated: taste sensitivity for sweet, salty and savory stimuli, sucrose and monosodium glutamate (MSG) preferences, sweetness palatability, eating behavior, and expression of taste-related genes in biopsies of fungiform papillae.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Weight loss induced by both procedures caused the same decrease in: preferred sucrose concentration (-12 ± 10%), perceived sweetness of sucrose (-7 ± 5%), cravings for sweets and fast-foods (-22 ± 5%), influence of emotions (-27 ± 5%), and external food cues (-30 ± 4%) on eating behavior, and expression of α-gustducin in fungiform papillae (all P values <0.05). RYGB, but not LAGB, shifted sweetness palatability from pleasant to unpleasant when repetitively tasting sucrose (P = 0.05). Neither procedure affected taste detection thresholds nor MSG preferences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LAGB and RYGB cause similar alterations in eating behaviors, when weight loss is matched. These changes in eating behavior were not associated with changes in taste sensitivity, suggesting other, as yet unknown, mechanisms are involved.
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Nutrition and Atkins Center of Excellence in Obesity Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Marta Yanina
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Pepino
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: J Christopher
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Eagon
authors.forename: Shelby
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Nada A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Abumrad
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D066249:Craving / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D012970:Sodium Glutamate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055697:Taste Perception; D014059:Tongue / Q000378:metabolism; D015293:Transducin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D013395:Sucrose; D015293:Transducin; D012970:Sodium Glutamate