title: Circulating progenitor and mature endothelial cells in deep vein thrombosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mature circulating endothelial cells (CEC) and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) have been described in several conditions associated with endothelial injury. Their role in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has not been previously evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this pilot study we evaluated the time course of CEC and EPC release after vena cava experimental DVT in mice, using the FeCl3 model. We also evaluated their presence in patients with DVT at different phases of the disease (acute and chronic phase). CEC and EPC were evaluated by Flow Cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In mice, both CEC and EPC were increased 24 hours after DVT induction, peaking 48 hours thereafter. After 72 hours, CEC counts decreased sharply, whereas EPC counts decreased less substantially. In DVT patients we observed a significant increase in CEC counts immediately after DVT compared to healthy individuals. Patients with chronic disease also presented a significant elevation of these cell count. In a subgroup of patients for whom serial samples were available, CEC counts decreased significantly after 9-15 months of the acute event.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest the participation of these cells in the reparative processes that follows DVT, both at immediate and late time-points. The different kinetics of CEC and EPC release in experimental DVT suggests a heterogeneous role for these cells in the reparative events after DVT.
authors.affiliation: 1. Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Alessio
authors.forename: Miriam P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Beltrame
authors.forename: Mariane C Flores
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: Cristina P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: Juliana A P
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: de Godoy
authors.forename: Junia C R Santos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Luis Fernando
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Bittar
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lorand-Metze
authors.forename: Erich V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.forename: Joyce M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Annichino-Bizzacchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D058085:Iron Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D058085:Iron Compounds
keywords: DVT animal model.; deep vein thrombosis; flow cytometry; mature endothelial cells; progenitor endothelial cells