title: Differential gene expression in relation to the clinical characteristics of human brain arteriovenous malformations.
abstract: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the central nervous system are considered as congenital disorders. They are composed of abnormally developed dilated arteries and veins and are characterized microscopically by the absence of a capillary network. We previously reported DNA fragmentation and increased expression of apoptosis-related factors in AVM lesions. In this article, we used microarray analysis to examine differential gene expression in relation to clinical manifestations in 11 AVM samples from Japanese patients. We categorized the genes with altered expression into four groups: death-related, neuron-related, inflammation-related, and other. The death-related differentially expressed genes were MMP9, LIF, SOD2, BCL2A1, MMP12, and HSPA6. The neuron-related genes were NPY, S100A9, NeuroD2, S100Abeta, CAMK2A, SYNPR, CHRM2, and CAMKV. The inflammation-related genes were PTX3, IL8, IL6, CXCL10, GBP1, CHRM3, CXCL1, IL1R2, CCL18, and CCL13. In addition, we compared gene expression in those with or without clinical characteristics including deep drainer, embolization, and high-flow nidus. We identified a small number of genes. Using these microarray data we are able to generate and test new hypotheses to explore AVM pathophysiology. Microarray analysis is a useful technique to study clinical specimens from patients with brain vascular malformations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Jun C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kazumichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funaki
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
mesh_terms: D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007564:Japan; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger