title: Association of anthropometric measures with cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome in normal-weight children and adolescents: the CASPIAN III study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This nationwide study was conducted to determine the association of anthropometric measures with cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Iranian normal-weight children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the data of 3,565 children and adolescents (50.3% boys), aged 10-18 years, with a normal BMI (5th-84th percentile) obtained from the third survey of 'Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable Disease' (CASPIAN III) study. The diagnostic criteria for MetS were defined by the International Diabetes Federation consensus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MetS for 10- to 13.9-year-old boys, 14- to 18-year-old boys, 10- to 13.9-year-old girls, and 14- to 18-year-old girls were 1.4, 2.8, 2.3, and 3.3%, respectively. After adjustment for age and sex, each unit increase in BMI (within normal range) and waist circumference increased the odds of MetS from 6 to 72% and from 1 to 20%, respectively. The dominant pattern of dyslipidemia among the participants was high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study complements recent research about the high frequency of metabolic risk factors among normal-weight individuals in the pediatric age group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qorbani
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Farrokhi-Khajeh-Pasha
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motlagh
authors.forename: Tahere
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aminaee
authors.forename: Gelayol
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ardalan
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asayesh
authors.forename: Gita
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shafiee
authors.forename: Mahnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taslimi
authors.forename: Parinaz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poursafa
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heshmat
authors.forename: Bagher
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Larijani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides