title: Inflammation-induced cancer: crosstalk between tumours, immune cells and microorganisms.
abstract: Inflammation is a fundamental innate immune response to perturbed tissue homeostasis. Chronic inflammatory processes affect all stages of tumour development as well as therapy. In this Review, we outline the principal cellular and molecular pathways that coordinate the tumour-promoting and tumour-antagonizing effects of inflammation and we discuss the crosstalk between cancer development and inflammatory processes. In addition, we discuss the recently suggested role of commensal microorganisms in inflammation-induced cancer and we propose that understanding this microbial influence will be crucial for targeted therapy in modern cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 100 Herzl Street, Rehovot 76100, Israel. [2].
authors.forename: Eran
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Elinav
authors.forename: Roni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nowarski
authors.forename: Christoph A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Thaiss
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Chengcheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Flavell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000276:immunology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016678:Genome; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D064307:Microbiota; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D015398:Signal Transduction