title: Structure and catalytic mechanism of β-carbonic anhydrases.
abstract: The β-carbonic anhydrases (β-CAs) are a structurally distinct family of carbonic anhydrase that is widely distributed in microorganisms, algae, plants, and invertebrates. Like all carbonic anhydrases, β-CAs catalyze the reaction CO2 + H2O ⇆ HCO3 (-) + H(+), and is typically associated with other enzymes that produce or utilize CO2 or HCO3 (-). β-CA is required for normal growth for many organisms. Unique among the five different families of carbonic anhydrases, β-CA is the only family of carbonic anhydrase to exhibit allostery. This chapter summarizes the structure, catalytic mechanism, and allosteric regulation of β-CA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA, rrowlett@colgate.edu.
authors.forename: Roger S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rowlett
mesh_terms: D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D017360:Arabidopsis; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000737:chemistry; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002384:Catalysis; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D011487:Protein Conformation; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D011522:Protons; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D011522:Protons; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases