title: Downregulation of erythroid differentiation regulator 1 as a novel marker of skin tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Erythroid differentiation regulator 1 is decreased in malignant melanoma. However, the expression of erythroid differentiation regulator 1 has not been reported in normal epidermis, vessel, nerve, dermal adnexae, and various skin tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate the expression of erythroid differentiation regulator 1 in normal skin and various skin tumors, immunohistochemical analysis of normal skin, epidermal tumors, sebaceous tumors, and eccrine tumors was performed. The image analysis was quantitatively performed using HistoQuant(™) software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Erythroid differentiation regulator 1 was strongly expressed in the nuclei of normal epidermis, sebaceous gland, eccrine gland, vessel, and nerve. Expression of erythroid differentiation regulator 1 was weak in seborrheic keratosis, sebaceous hyperplasia, and eccrine spiradenoma. Erythroid differentiation regulator 1 was rarely observed in malignant skin tumors, including squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, sebaceous carcinoma, and eccrine porocarcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of erythroid differentiation regulator 1 was negatively correlated with the malignant potential in various skin tumors. The results support the role of erythroid differentiation regulator 1 in cutaneous carcinogenesis and indicate its potential as a novel marker of skin tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Bok
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hee Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hwa Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Yong Gyu
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Si Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Baik Kee
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Daeho
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hyun Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015536:Down-Regulation; D039621:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017492:Keratosis, Seborrheic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D013544:Sweat Gland Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016610:Tissue Embedding; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C105988:EIF3A protein, human; D039621:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C583413:erythroid differentiation regulator 1, human