title: Screening alternative therapies to control Nosemosis type C in honey bee (Apis mellifera iberiensis) colonies.
abstract: Nosemosis type C caused by the microsporidium Nosema ceranae is one of the most widespread of the adult honey bee diseases, and due to its detrimental effects on both strength and productivity of honey bee colonies, an appropriate control of this disease is advisable. Fumagillin is the only veterinary medicament recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) to suppress infections by Nosema, but the use of this antibiotic is prohibited in the European Union and few alternatives are available at present to control the disease. In the present study three therapeutic agents (Nosestat®, Phenyl salicylate and Vitafeed Gold®) have been tested to control N. ceranae infection in honey bee colonies, and have been compared to the use of fumagillin. None of the products tested was effective against Nosema under our experimental conditions. Low consumption of the different doses of treatments may have had a strong influence on the results obtained, highlighting the importance of this issue and emphasizing that this should be evaluated in studies to test therapeutic treatments of honey bee colonies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Patología Apícola, Centro Apícola Regional (CAR), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla La Mancha, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain. Electronic address: cristinabotias@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Botías
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martín-Hernández
authors.forename: Aránzazu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meana
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001516:Bees / Q000382:microbiology*; D027461:Beta vulgaris; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005561:Formates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007455:Iodine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D016818:Nosema; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000662:veterinary; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012459:Salicylates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005561:Formates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012459:Salicylates; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C030544:formic acid; C026041:phenyl salicylate; C026211:fumagillin; D007455:Iodine
keywords: Apis mellifera; Colony strength; Honey production; Nosema ceranae; Treatments