title: Processing of pharmaceutical materials by electrospraying under reduced pressure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Electrospraying was used in drug particle production.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the research was to evaluate the possibilities to produce drug particles with desired pharmaceutical properties by electrospraying. In particular, the effect of drying pressure on particle properties was studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  A poorly water soluble model drug (budesonide) was dissolved in chloroform, and the solution was atomized by electrospraying. Following this, the charged droplets were neutralized and dried in a drying chamber. The pressure in the drying chamber was varied. The dried particles were collected and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pressure reduction had a slight impact on particle size distribution. The particles produced in reduced pressure turned out to be notably more porous than the particles produced in atmospheric pressure. The pressure reduction also affects the degree of crystallinity of the product. The dissolution of the particles produced in reduced pressures was faster to a certain extent than that of the particles produced in atmospheric pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A setup for electrospraying materials in a reduced pressure was presented. The pressure reduction had a notable impact on particle morphology. The possibilities to tailor the particle properties during electrospraying were studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku , Turku , Finland and.
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nyström
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murtomaa
authors.forename: Jorma
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roine
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sandler
authors.forename: Jarno
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salonen
mesh_terms: D019819:Budesonide / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D003890:Desiccation / Q000379:methods; D010316:Particle Size; D011312:Pressure; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D019819:Budesonide
keywords: Amorphous material; budesonide; dissolution; electrostatic atomization; porous material