title: Correlates of Subjective and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Depressive Symptoms and CSF Biomarkers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve early diagnosis of dementia disease, this study investigates correlates of cognitive complaints and cognitive test performance in patients with subjective (SCI) and mild (MCI) cognitive impairment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy patients from a memory clinic, aged 45-79, with a score of 2 (n = 23) or 3 (n = 47) on the Global Deterioration Scale, were included. CSF biomarkers [Aβ42, total tau (T-tau) and phosphorylated tau (P-tau)], depressive symptoms, cognitive performance, and complaints were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correlation analysis showed that cognitive complaints increased with decreasing cognitive performance in SCI and decreased with decreasing performance in MCI. Linear regression models revealed that cognitive complaints were associated with depressive symptoms in both groups of patients, while cognitive performance was associated with CSF Aβ42 and P-tau in SCI and with T-tau and P-tau in MCI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive complaints, while degenerative changes are associated with objective cognitive decline in high-risk predementia states.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Sweden ; Department of Akershus University Hospital Research Center, Lørenskog, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ramune
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grambaite
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hessen
authors.forename: Eirik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Auning
authors.forename: Dag
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aarsland
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Selnes
authors.forename: Tormod
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fladby
keywords: CSF biomarkers; Cognitive complaints; Degenerative diseases; Depression; Mild cognitive impairment; Subjective cognitive impairment