title: Outcomes assessment of combination face lift and perioral phenol-croton oil peel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Face-lift surgery when combined with perioral phenol-croton oil peel is an underappreciated tool for face rejuvenation. The procedure results in significant central face skin tightening and wrinkle reduction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of 47 consecutive patients who underwent simultaneous face lift and perioral peel was performed. The objective measures used to evaluate the change in appearance of the patients included (1) a validated patient satisfaction questionnaire, (2) an evaluation of apparent age, and (3) an evaluation of perioral wrinkles by independent reviewers using a validated model. The assessment of apparent age was performed as follows: preoperative and postoperative photographs were shown randomly to six reviewers, who were asked to estimate the patient's age. The apparent age was compared with the patient's actual age, and the reduction in apparent age was calculated. Improvement in perioral rhytides was evaluated by using the Glogau classification system (range, 1 to 4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survey results documented overall patient satisfaction, which was rated as 6.5 on a scale of 1 to 7 (with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction). Patients' postoperative apparent age estimate was 8.2 years younger than their real age (p=0.0002). The Glogau classification system score demonstrated a mean reduction of 1.15 (3.3 preoperatively as compared with 2.15 postoperatively, p<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Outcomes measurements, including patient satisfaction, objective evaluation of wrinkle improvement, and significant reduction in apparent age, document the power of this technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic, IV.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland, Ohio; and Buffalo, N.Y. From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic; and the School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Buffalo.
authors.forename: Cemile Nurdan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huettner
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.forename: Marisa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bartz-Kurycki
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Zins
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002615:Chemexfoliation / Q000379:methods*; D003436:Croton Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019800:Phenol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015361:Rhytidoplasty; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019800:Phenol; D003436:Croton Oil