title: Evidence of surfactant protein A and D expression decrement and their localizations in human prostate adenocarcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Surfactant proteins (SP-A and SP-D) were originally described in the lung; however, they are also present in the prostate. Purpose of this study, therefore, was to determine how surfactant proteins are altered in prostate adenocarcinomas (PCa) and find out any connection exists between their expressions and their staining patterns, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values, Gleason score, age, tumor volume and tumor, node, metastases (TNM) clinical stage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five tissue samples were obtained during radical prostatectomy. All specimens were classified to three groups based on the Gleason score <7, 7 and Gleason score >7. Surfactant proteins' expressions were tested by immunohistochemical and Western blotting methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunoreactivity was detected in the cytoplasm from both basal cells and secretory epithelial cells in malignant and non-malignant areas. About 80% of the malignant basal cells were characterized as either weak or strong while non-malignant epithelial cells demonstrated strong immunoreactivity for SP-A. Also malignant (81.8%) and non-malignant cells (90.6%) were characterized as either weak or strong for SP-D. Decrement of SP-A and SP-D immunostaining tended to associate with an increasing Gleason score (p > 0.05, p < 0.05), tumor volume (p < 0.05, p > 0.05) and age (p > 0.05, p > 0.05). There was a strong positive correlation between Gleason score and tumor volume (p < 0.01). Also, either none or weak SP-A and SP-D immunoreactivity was observed specimens with Gleason score 7 or higher. SP-A and SP-D reacted with 34 kDa (SP-A) and 43 kDa (SP-D) immunoreactive single bands were decreased in tumor tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The development of prostate cancer may be related to decreased level of surfactant protein A and D.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Mehmet Akif Ersoy , Burdur , Turkey .
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kankavi
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baykara
authors.forename: Meryem Ilkay
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Eren Karanis
authors.forename: Cumhur Ibrahim
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Bassorgun
authors.forename: Hale
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ergin
authors.forename: Mehmet Akif
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ciftcioglu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A / Q000378:metabolism*; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen