title: The molecular landscape of diffuse glioma and prospects for biomarker development.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-throughput molecular profiling is transforming long-standing conceptions of diffuse gliomas, the most common primary brain tumors. Indeed, comprehensive genomic, transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses have not only provided striking mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of diffuse gliomas but also greatly enriched the pool of potential biomarkers for prognostic and predictive patient stratification.
  
  
  METHODS
  This article summarizes significant recent developments in the molecular characterization of diffuse gliomas, focusing on implications for biomarker development and application. In doing so, we will also address relevant high-throughput molecular profiling technologies and both the opportunities and challenges implicit in their widespread incorporation into disease management workflows.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the number of validated biomarkers guiding diffuse glioma management is currently quite small, rapidly progressing molecular annotation continues to provide a steady stream of clinically relevant candidates, many of which show promise for predictive capabilities in the context of specific targeted therapeutics. Such potential now requires rigorous validation in well-designed clinical trials supported by robust molecular profiling assays operative from standard clinical material.
authors.affiliation: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program , 1275 York Avenue, NY 10065 , USA.
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Huse
authors.forename: Kenneth D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Aldape
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D057890:Epigenomics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D009857:Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins