title: Coronally Positioned Flap for Root Coverage: Comparison between Smokers and Nonsmokers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gingival recession is significantly more common among smokers, while cigarette smoking has been shown to negatively influence healing following periodontal therapeutic procedures as compared to non-smokers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoking on the outcome of coronally positioned flap (CPF) in the treatment of Miller Class I gingival recession defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten current smokers (≥10 cigarettes daily for at least 5 years) and 10 non-smokers (never smokers), each with one 3 to 4-mm Miller Class I recession defect in an upper canine or bicuspid, were treated with CPF. At baseline and 6 months, clinical parameters, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), recession depth (RD), recession width (RW) and apico-coronal width of keratinized tissue (KT) were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intra-group analysis showed that CPF was able to reduce RD and improve CAL in both groups (P < 0.001). Intergroup analysis demonstrated that smokers presented greater residual RD at 6 months and lower percentage of root coverage (60.09% versus 76.05%; P < 0.05). No smokers obtained complete root coverage compared to 30% of non-smokers (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of present study, it can be concluded that cigarette smoking may present negative impact on root coverage outcome by CPF as compared to non-smokers and therefore represent one more challenge to periodontal plastic therapy. Key words: Gingival recession/therapy; flap; smoking/adverse effects. How to cite this article:Nanavati B, Bhavsar N V, Mali J. Coronally Positioned Flap for Root Coverage: Comparison between Smokers and Nonsmokers. J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(2):21-27.
authors.affiliation: Department of Peridontology, College of Dental Science and Research Centre, Manipur, Ghuma Road, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India;
authors.forename: Bhaumik
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nanavati
authors.forename: Neeta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: V Bhavsar
authors.forename: Mali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaydeepchandra