title: Performance reactivity in a continuous-performance task: implications for understanding post-error behavior.
abstract: Although there has been considerable interest in the effects of errors on subsequent performance, relatively few studies have considered the effects of non-error events that contain some performance-relevant information, such as correct performance on critical trials. In the present article, we propose and assess a hypothesis of performance reactivity. In support of this hypothesis, we provide evidence of performance decrements following both incorrect and correct responses but not following performance-irrelevant events. More specifically, in a continuous response task (Sustained Attention to Response Task), we (1) replicate previous findings that errors of commission on rare NOGO trials produce decrements in subsequent performance, and (2) observe that correct withholds to NOGO trials produce decrements in subsequent accuracy relative to task-irrelevant tones. These results corroborate a hypothesis that some error-related effects on subsequent performance are not unique, but are instead a particularly salient version of a more general performance-reactivity effect.
authors.affiliation: University of Waterloo, Canada. Electronic address: trjonker@uwaterloo.ca.
authors.forename: Tanya R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Jonker
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Seli
authors.forename: James Allan
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cheyne
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smilek
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D007721:Knowledge of Results, Psychological; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time
keywords: Error reactivity; Performance reactivity; Post-error accuracy; Post-error behavior; Post-event behavior