title: The global burden of skin disease in 2010: an analysis of the prevalence and impact of skin conditions.
abstract: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2010 estimated the GBD attributable to 15 categories of skin disease from 1990 to 2010 for 187 countries. For each of the following diseases, we performed systematic literature reviews and analyzed resulting data: eczema, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, pruritus, alopecia areata, decubitus ulcer, urticaria, scabies, fungal skin diseases, impetigo, abscess, and other bacterial skin diseases, cellulitis, viral warts, molluscum contagiosum, and non-melanoma skin cancer. We used disability estimates to determine nonfatal burden. Three skin conditions, fungal skin diseases, other skin and subcutaneous diseases, and acne were in the top 10 most prevalent diseases worldwide in 2010, and eight fell into the top 50; these additional five skin problems were pruritus, eczema, impetigo, scabies, and molluscum contagiosum. Collectively, skin conditions ranged from the 2nd to 11th leading cause of years lived with disability at the country level. At the global level, skin conditions were the fourth leading cause of nonfatal disease burden. Using more data than has been used previously, the burden due to these diseases is enormous in both high- and low-income countries. These results argue strongly to include skin disease prevention and treatment in future global health strategies as a matter of urgency.
authors.affiliation: International Foundation for Dermatology, London, UK. Electronic address: roderick.hay@ifd.org.
authors.forename: Roderick J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Johns
authors.affiliation: Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: Hywel C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Ian W
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Bolliger
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Service, Denver VA Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dellavalle
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology and Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Margolis
authors.affiliation: Skin and Cancer Foundation, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Naldi
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatoepidemiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Weinstock
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Wulf
authors.affiliation: China Medical Board, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: J L Murray
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naghavi
mesh_terms: D017281:Cost of Illness; D003880:Dermatology / Q000639:trends; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends; D015995:Prevalence; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology