title: Potential of Chilean native corn (Zea mays L.) accessions as natural sources of phenolic antioxidants and in vitro bioactivity for hyperglycemia and hypertension management.
abstract: Thirty-three Chilean corn accessions were screened for the first time regarding their phenolic profiles, total phenolic contents (TPC), antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS), and in vitro inhibition against key enzymes relevant for hyperglycemia (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and hypertension (angiotensin I-converting enzyme, ACE-I) in both free and cell wall-bound fractions. TPC varied from 132.2 to 262.5 mg of gallic acid equivalents/100g dry weight (DW), and around 88% of TPC and antioxidant capacity were found in the bound form. Vanillin, vanillic, protocatechuic, ferulic, and p-coumaric acids were detected by HPLC in free fractions, whereas ferulic and p-coumaric acids were found in the bound form. Pisankalla accession (red kernel) had the highest ferulic acid content (269.5 mg/100g DW). No α-amylase and ACE-I inhibition were found; however, all free fractions inhibited α-glucosidase (10.8-72.5%). Principal component analysis revealed that darker samples (free fraction) showed higher TPC and antioxidant capacity, while α-glucosidase inhibition was related to yellow-colored samples.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica de Alimentos, Escuela de Alimentos, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso , Avenida Waddington 716, Valparaíso, Chile.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González-Muñoz
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Quesille-Villalobos
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fuentealba
authors.forename: Kalidas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gálvez Ranilla
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D002677:Chile; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000516:alpha-Amylases