title: Concussion reporting rates at the conclusion of an intercollegiate athletic career.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to explore the current reported, unreported, and potentially unrecognized concussion rates among collegiate student-athletes who have completed their collegiate athletic career.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  College and University athletic training rooms.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred sixty-one collegiate student-athletes (56.5% women; aged 21.5 ± 1.3; 3.7 ± 1.0 years of collegiate athletic experience) from 10 institutions who had either completed their intercollegiate athletic eligibility or were no longer participating.
  
  
  METHODS
  The self-reported concussion rate, the unreported rate and reasons, and the potentially unrecognized concussion rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The self-reported concussion rate was 33.5% (54/161), and 22.2% (12) self-reported at least 3 concussions. The unreported rate was 11.8% (19/161), and the potentially unrecognized rate was 26.1% (42/161) with the most common unrecognized symptom being "knocked silly/seen stars" (23.6% [38/161]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, 49.7% of all respondents (80/161) reported 1 acknowledged, unreported, or potential concussion. The unreported rate was lower than previous high school studies; however, the potentially unrecognized rate remains high and should be clinically concerning. These findings suggest educational interventions targeting collegiate student-athletes should remain and continue to focus on identifying concussion symptoms and dispelling the common misconception that "bell ringers" and "dings" are not concussions.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Intercollegiate Athletics, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, Georgia; and †Department of Health and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia.
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Llewellyn
authors.forename: G Trey
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Burdette
authors.forename: A Barry
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Joyner
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Buckley
mesh_terms: D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014495:Universities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult