title: Normative for motor speech profile in Kannada-speaking adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary purpose of this study was to establish normative for 18 parameters of Motor Speech Profile (MSP; Computerized Speech Lab; KayPENTAX, Lincoln Park, NJ) in Indian population, specifically for Kannada-speaking adults across age and gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Native Kannada speakers (n = 300) were divided into three age groups (20-40, 41-50, and 51-60 years) with 50 males and 50 females in each group. The obtained data are reported across age and gender for the parameters of diadochokinetic rate, second formant transition, and voice and tremor characteristics of MSP software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Across gender, a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was seen for seven parameters; whereas across age, a statistically significant variation was seen for nine parameters in the age group of 51-60 years than other groups (20-40 and 41-50 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Establishment of the normative is essential for the effective use of acoustic analysis as an objective tool. The findings of the present study serve as a norm-based reference for MSP software in Indian population, aged between 20 and 60 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Jeena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: John
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: g.kanaka@manipal.edu.
authors.forename: Kanaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ganapathy
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sunila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: John
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Bellur
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rajashekhar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012984:Software; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception; D013068:Speech Production Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D014833:Voice Quality; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Diadochokinetic rate; Motor Speech Profile; Second formant transition; Voice and tremor characteristics