title: Stereotactic planning software for human neurotransplantation: suitability in 22 surgical cases of Huntington's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intrastriatal neural transplantation using multiple grafts is an experimental approach to the treatment of Huntington's disease (HD). Brain atrophy makes stereotactic plans in these patients a tedious procedure with a risk of suboptimal spatial distribution of the grafts in transplantation procedures. Here we present a self-developed software to optimize the surgical stereotactic planning for bilateral neurotransplantation procedures. It allows close to symmetrical distribution of the stereotactic coordinates in relation to the mid-commissural point (MCP), proposing automatically the planning coordinates for the first transplanted hemisphere and mirrored coordinates to be used in the contra-lateral hemisphere.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two consecutive HD patients underwent bilateral stereotactic striatal transplantation. Two caudate nucleus and four putaminal tracks were planned bilaterally. For the second, contra-lateral transplantation, the coordinates were mirrored in order to determine contralateral targets and trajectories. Intra-individual comparison between software given coordinates and finally used coordinates was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistical significance was found comparing a) the differences between coordinates proposed by the software and the final coordinates and b) the distribution of the transplantation sites in relation to the midline for the right vs. left hemisphere. No intra- or postoperative transplantation-related adverse events occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of model-based and mirrored coordinates allowed optimal spatial distribution of the grafts. Minor changes were required comparing right to left coordinates giving proof-of principle. The initial use of the software suggests that it may be useful in experimental transplantation trials where neural cell grafts are to be implanted into predefined target sites in the human brain, whether unilateral or bilateral.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany Laboratory of Stereotaxy and Interventional Neurosciences, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: William Omar Contreras
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen, Schwabachanlage, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nikkhah
authors.affiliation: Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany Laboratory of Stereotaxy and Interventional Neurosciences, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schültke
authors.affiliation: Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany Laboratory of Stereotaxy and Interventional Neurosciences, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Furlanetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trippel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000601:surgery*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D012984:Software; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Huntington's disease; anterior commissure-posterior commissure line (AC-PC); caudate nucleus; human fetal striatal transplantation; mid-commissural point (MCP); putamen; whole ganglionic eminence (WGE)