title: The cost-effectiveness of using payment to increase living donor kidneys for transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For eligible candidates, transplantation is considered the optimal treatment compared with dialysis for patients with ESRD. The growing number of patients with ESRD requires new strategies to increase the pool of potential donors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using decision analysis modeling, this study compared a strategy of paying living kidney donors to waitlisted recipients on dialysis with the current organ donation system. In the base case estimate, this study assumed that the number of donors would increase by 5% with a payment of $10,000. Quality of life estimates, resource use, and costs (2010 Canadian dollars) were based on the best available published data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the current organ donation system, a strategy of increasing the number of kidneys for transplantation by 5% by paying living donors $10,000 has an incremental cost-savings of $340 and a gain of 0.11 quality-adjusted life years. Increasing the number of kidneys for transplantation by 10% and 20% would translate into incremental cost-savings of $1640 and $4030 and incremental quality-adjusted life years gain of 0.21 and 0.39, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the impact is uncertain, this model suggests that a strategy of paying living donors to increase the number of kidneys available for transplantation could be cost-effective, even with a transplant rate increase of only 5%. Future work needs to examine the feasibility, legal policy, ethics, and public perception of a strategy to pay living donors.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and, ‖Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;, †Department of Nephrology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;, ‡Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, §Alberta Kidney Disease Network, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Lianne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barnieh
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klarenbach
authors.forename: Braden J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Manns
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D035881:Compensation and Redress; D017046:Cost Savings; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000191:economics*; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000191:economics / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000191:economics*; D019520:Living Donors / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D018803:Models, Economic; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000191:economics*; D014850:Waiting Lists; D055815:Young Adult