title: Necrotising otitis externa: clinical profile and management protocol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Necrotising otitis externa, which is typically seen in elderly diabetics, is a severe infective disorder caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There is lack of standard management policy for necrotising otitis externa, hence this study attempted to frame a protocol for management based on clinical parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 27 patients with necrotising otitis externa was conducted over 6 years in a tertiary care hospital. Data were analysed with regards to demographic characteristics, clinical features, investigations, staging and treatment modalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 27 patients, 26 were diabetics. The commonest organism isolated was P aeruginosa, which was sensitive to third generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Nine patients had cranial nerve involvement. Twelve of 15 patients treated with medical therapy recovered, as did 11 of 12 patients that underwent surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high index of suspicion, early diagnosis and prompt intervention are key factors to decrease morbidity and mortality. Fluoroquinolones, third generation cephalosporins and surgical debridement are the mainstay of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ear, Nose, Throat and Head and Neck Surgery, Goa Medical College and Hospital, India.
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Lambor
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lambor
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Fegade
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D003646:Debridement; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications; D004433:Earache / Q000209:etiology; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010032:Otitis Externa / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents