title: Galnon facilitates extinction of morphine-conditioned place preference but also potentiates the consolidation process.
abstract: Learning and memory systems are intimately involved in drug addiction. Previous studies suggest that galanin, a neuropeptide that binds G-protein coupled receptors, plays essential roles in the encoding of memory. In the present study, we tested the function of galnon, a galanin receptor 1 and 2 agonist, in reward-associated memory, using conditioned place preference (CPP), a widely used paradigm in drug-associated memory. Either before or following CPP-inducing morphine administration, galnon was injected at four different time points to test the effects of galanin activation on different reward-associated memory processes: 15 min before CPP training (acquisition), immediately after CPP training (consolidation), 15 min before the post-conditioning test (retrieval), and multiple injection after post-tests (reconsolidation and extinction). Galnon enhanced consolidation and extinction processes of morphine-induced CPP memory, but the compound had no effect on acquisition, retrieval, or reconsolidation processes. Our findings demonstrate that a galanin receptor 1 and 2 agonist, galnon, may be used as a viable compound to treat drug addiction by facilitating memory extinction process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China ; Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaojie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Keming
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Ronald R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Seese
authors.forename: Zhenyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects*; D003374:Coumarins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005108:Extinction, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C456547:7-((9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)cyclohexylalanyllysyl)amino-4-methylcoumarin; D003374:Coumarins; D009020:Morphine