title: Sedentarism and overweight as risk factors for the detection of prostate cancer and its aggressivenes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the influence of sedentary (SE) and overweight (OW) in the risk of prostate cancer detection (CP) and aggressiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed prostate biopsy (PB) to 2,408 consecutive male, 5 ARIs untreated, because of elevated serum PSA above 4.0 ng/mL (91%) or suspicious digital rectal examination (9%). In all ultrasound guided PB, 10 cores were obtained plus 2 to 8 additionals, according to age and prostate volume. Physical activity was assessed using a survey (SE vs non-SE) and calculated body mass index (normal vs OW > 25 kg/cm(2)). The tumor aggressiveness was evaluated according to the Gleason score (high grade «HG»: Gleason > 7) and D'Amico risk (high risk «HR»: T > 3a or PSA > 20 or Gleason score > 7).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a significant association between SE (52.5%) and OW (72.9%), P < .001. The overall PC detection rate was 35.2%. In men with SE it was 36.7% and non-SE 33.6%, P = .048. The overall rate of AG tumors was 28.3%, 29.2% in men with SE and 27.1 in non-SE, P = .261. The overall rate of AR tumors was 35%, 39.7% in men with SE and 29.4% non-SE, P < .001. CP was detected in 38.1% of men with normal BMI and 34.3% in men with OW, P = .065. HG tumor rates were 18.1% and 31.4% respectively, P < .001 and AR tumor rates were 22.6% and 39.2% respectively, P < .001. Binary logistic regression showed that SE was an independent predictor of CP, OR .791 (95% CI: .625-.989), P = .030. SE and OW were independent predictors of HG: OR .517 (95% CI: .356-.752), P = .001, and OR 1.635 (95% CI: 1070-2497), p = 0.023. SE and OW were also independent predictors of HR: OR .519 (95% CI .349-.771), P = .001, and OR 1.998 (95% CI 1.281-3.115), P = .002.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In men who met criteria for prostate biopsy an association between sedentary and overweight exist. A sedentary lifestyle is associated with increased risk of PC detection while sedentary and overweight were associated with more aggressive tumors.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España; Departamento de Cirugía, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: jmorote@vhebron.net.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morote
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Celma
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Planas
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Placer
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Konstantinidis
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Iztueta
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: de Torres
authors.affiliation: Unitad de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oliván
authors.affiliation: Unitad de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España; Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reventós
authors.affiliation: Unitad de Recerca Biomédica, Hospital Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, España; Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doll
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior
keywords: Actividad física; Cáncer de próstata; Obesidad; Obesity; Physical activity; Prostate cancer