title: A stepwise multimodality treatment of diffuse angiolymphoid hyperplasia of the orbit.
abstract: The definite treatment of angiolymphoid hyperplasia is debatable. We report the case of a middle-aged man with an extensive angiolymphoid hyperplasia of the orbit that has been recalcitrant to multiple single-line treatments for 9 years. His previous treatment included several short courses of full-dose systemic steroids, debulking surgeries, and orbital radiotherapy. A stepwise multimodality treatment approach in this case could achieve a lasting satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ocular Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital/University Health Network, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada .
authors.forename: Hatem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Krema
authors.forename: Nabil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: El-Bolkainy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000796:Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011239:Prednisolone; D001379:Azathioprine