title: Brain hypothermic therapy dramatically decreases elevated blood concentrations of high mobility group box 1 in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  According to the Consensus 2010 of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR), children with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) should receive brain hypothermic therapy (BHT) after successful resuscitation. Elevated high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the blood at the early stage of brain ischemia-reperfusion injury has been suggested to be involved in the release of various inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 21 neonates plasma HMGB1 concentration was measured. These neonates included 8 with HIE in whom BHT was indicated, 5 controls diagnosed as having HIE but who were not suitable candidates for BHT, and 8 normal controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The umbilical artery HMGB1 (UA-HMGB1) level before undergoing BHT significantly exceeded reference values. The UA-HMGB1 level in the BHT (-) group did not differ significantly from reference values, but was significantly increased 24 hours after birth. Repeated measure ANOVA showed a significant difference in time course changes between the BHT (+) and BHT (-) groups (P = 0.0002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated hypothermic therapy to significantly decrease HMGB1. Furthermore, HMGB1 is a useful index of the inhibition of early stage inflammation.
authors.affiliation: National Hospital Organization, Nishisaitama-Chuo National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Toshirou
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000592:standards*; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000097:blood*; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C585491:HMGB1 protein, human