title: Hydrogel-stabilized droplet bilayers for high speed solution exchange.
abstract: Many applications utilizing artificial lipid bilayers require the ability to exchange the bilayer's solution environment. However, because of the instability of the bilayer, the rate of solution exchange is limited, which significantly hinders the measurement rate and throughput. We have developed an artificial bilayer system that can withstand high flow speeds, up to 2.1 m/s, by supporting the bilayer with a hydrogel. We demonstrated the ability to measure during flow by measuring the conductance of gramicidin-A channels while switching between solutions of two different compositions, recording a time to measure 90% change in current of approximately 2.7 seconds at a flow rate of 0.1 m/s. We also demonstrated a potential application of this system by measuring the conductance modulation of the rat TRPM8 ion channel by an agonist and antagonist at varying concentrations, obtaining 7-point IC50 and EC50 values in approximately 7 minutes and 4-point values within 4 minutes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1600, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Shiv A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Acharya
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Portman
authors.forename: Carl S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.forename: Jacob J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D006096:Gramicidin / Q000737:chemistry; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008610:Menthol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry*; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008081:Liposomes; D012996:Solutions; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; C498947:Trpm8 protein, rat; D006096:Gramicidin; D008610:Menthol; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; C109986:2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate