title: Quality of life and symptom prevalence as reported by children with cancer in Lebanon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To date, there are no studies on quality of life (QoL) and symptom prevalence reported by pediatric oncology patients in Lebanon. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the QoL, symptom prevalence and symptom management among a sample of pediatric oncology patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study design was cross-sectional. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) cancer module and the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale were administered in Arabic using face-to-face interviews to a convenience sample of 85 pediatric cancer patients (7-18 years) at a tertiary hospital in Lebanon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the study group was 12.5 years with leukemia being the most common cancer (43.5%). The lowest scores on the PedsQL subscales were in nausea (score = 64.82; SD = 25.76) and worry (score = 68.14; SD = 30.07), thus indicating more problems in these areas. A comparison based on age showed significant differences in pain and hurt, nausea, and worry. In children (7-12 years), lack of appetite, pain, and nausea were mostly prevalent whereas adolescents (13-18 years) experienced lack of energy, irritability, and pain. In both age groups, pain and nausea were the most frequently treated symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, the participants had good health-related QoL as indicated by most of the PedsQL subscales. Symptom management was found to be inadequate and in some cases ineffective. More attention should be given to the management of symptoms in general using pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques. Of particular importance is the importance of providing psychological support to alleviate symptom burden and improve QoL.
authors.affiliation: Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon. Electronic address: huda.huijer@aub.edu.lb.
authors.forename: Huda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abu-Saad Huijer
authors.forename: Knar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sagherian
authors.forename: Hani
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamim
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007861:Lebanon; D007938:Leukemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D009325:Nausea / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D063189:Symptom Assessment
keywords: Cancer; Children; Lebanon; Life; Quality; Symptom management; Symptoms