title: Anti‑inflammatory and anti‑proliferative effects of Rhus verniciflua Stokes in RAW264.7 cells.
abstract: Inflammatory response is a major defense mechanism against pathogens and chemical or mechanical injury. Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) has traditionally been used as an ingredient in East Asian medicine for the treatment of gastritis, stomach cancer and atherosclerosis. The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of RVS on LPS‑induced inflammatory responses in the RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cell line. RAW264.7 cells were treated with various concentrations of RVS and LPS at specific time points. WST assay, trypan blue assay and quantification of activated cells revealed that RVS suppressed cell proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner. RVS induced G1 cell cycle arrest, suppressed iNOS and COX‑2 mRNA expression induced by LPS and decreased intracellular ROS levels induced by LPS. In addition, RVS induced PARP and caspase‑3 cleavage suggesting that RVS causes cell death. Results of the present study indicate that RVS may be advantageous in treating inflammatory disease.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Pharmacogenomics and Center for Clinical Research and Genomics, Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han-Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hye Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Soon Re
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Youn Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Bo-Hyoung
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Yong-Cheol
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Seong-Gyu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059585:G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008518:Medicine, East Asian Traditional; D051379:Mice; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D029045:Rhus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D053148:Caspase 3