title: Phytochemical analysis of Andrographis paniculata and Orthosiphon stamineus leaf extracts for their antibacterial and antioxidant potential.
abstract: Leaves of Andrographis paniculata and Orthosiphon stamineus were extracted with water, ethanol, methanol and chloroform to assess their potential as antibacterial and antioxidant agents. High performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the methanolic extracts of A. paniculata and O. stamineus leaves gave the highest amounts of andrographolide and rosmarinic acid, respectively. These leaf extracts exhibited antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and, at the highest concentration tested (200 mg/mL), showed greater inhibitory effects against the Gram positive bacteria Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus than 10% acetic acid. Andrographis paniculata and O. stamineus methanolic and ethanolic leaf extracts also showed the strongest antioxidant activity as compared with the other extracts tested. The bioactive compounds present in these leaf extracts have the potential to be developed into natural antibacterial and antioxidant agents that may have applications in animal and human health.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malahubban
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Alimon
authors.forename: A Q
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Sazili
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fakurazi
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Zakry
mesh_terms: D035685:Andrographis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000032:analysis; D053630:Depsides / Q000032:analysis; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D031342:Orthosiphon / Q000737:chemistry*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D004224:Diterpenes; D005609:Free Radicals; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013481:Superoxides; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; C030419:andrographolide