title: Sipuleucel-T: immunotherapy for advanced prostate cancer.
abstract: Prostate cancer continues to be one of the most serious afflictions of men of advanced age, remaining the most commonly diagnosed and second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in American men. The treatment options for patients with incurable metastatic, castrate-resistant disease have long focused on various chemotherapeutic approaches, which provide a slight survival benefit while being associated with potentially significant side effects. However, the recent approval of sipuleucel-T has given patients with advanced disease an additional treatment option that has demonstrated benefit without the side effects associated with chemotherapy. Sipuleucel-T is an antigen-presenting cell-based active immunotherapy that utilizes a patient's own immune cells, presumably to activate an antigen-specific immune response against tumor cells. This review focuses on the development and implementation of sipuleucel-T as a therapy for prostate cancer. Specifically, we present some of the issues associated with the management of advanced prostate cancer, the research and development that led to the approval of sipuleucel-T, how the approval of sipuleucel-T could change the clinical management of prostate cancer, and current and future areas of investigation that are being pursued with regard to sipuleucel-T and other treatments for advanced prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: Douglas G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: McNeel
keywords: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; prostatic acid phosphatase; sipuleucel-T