title: Patients with disease of brain, cerebral vasculature, and spine.
abstract: Several structural abnormalities involving the brain and surrounding structures have perioperative implications. This article reviews the preoperative assessment and preparation of patients with intracranial masses, vascular lesions, cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities, traumatic injuries, and dementia. Until definitive treatment of the underlying condition occurs, prevention of secondary injury to the patient's brain is the goal of medical management and final functional outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology - S11C, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, 22 South Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Sappenfield
authors.forename: Douglas G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Martz
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D003704:Dementia / Q000628:therapy; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D004630:Emergencies; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008487:Medical History Taking; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D011300:Preoperative Care; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Cerebrovascular disease; Intracranial disease; Ischemia; Neurologic assessment