title: Biological effects of pyrimethinal on aquatic worms (Tubifex tubifex) under laboratory conditions.
abstract: Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effects of different concentrations of pyrimethinal on protein contents, and some oxidative stress in Tubifex tubifex after an exposure of 2, 4, and 7 days. Residues of the fungicide were followed in water and in the worms. In water, pyrimethinal concentration decreased slowly (maximum -6.4 % ± 0.8 % after 2 days for 25 mg L(-1)). In the worms, it increased after 4 days and decreased thereafter. LC50 values were between 49.2 ± 0.58 and 39.5 ± 0.95 mg L(-1) depending on exposure time. The activity of catalase increased in response to the fungicide after 2 days of exposure to 25 mg L(-1) of pyrimethinal (+90 %). The highest decrease of glutathione-S-transferase activity (-29.7 %) was found after 7 days in the presence of 25 mg L(-1).
authors.affiliation: Biological Science Department, Faculty of Science, North Jeddah, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, KSA, yahia.mosleh@voila.fr.
authors.forename: Yahia Youssef
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Mosleh
authors.forename: Jelan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mofeed
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afifi
authors.forename: Omar A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Almaghrabi
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000633:toxicity*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C000589021:pyrimethinal; D002374:Catalase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase