title: Clinical and economic evaluation of ambulatory endovascular treatment of peripheral arterial occlusive lesions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ambulatory management of patients is an alternative to conventional hospitalization. In this study we evaluate the results of a prospective cohort study of patients receiving ambulatory endovascular treatment for peripheral arterial lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2008 to October 2010, ambulatory management was proposed for endovascular treatment of peripheral arterial lesions. An arterial closure device (Angio-Seal(®); St. Jude Medical) was used. For ambulatory treatment, patients were prohibited from driving a vehicle at discharge, had to be accompanied the first night after the procedure, had to live <1 hour from a medical facility, had to be reachable by telephone the day after the intervention, and had to remain hospitalized in the event of a complication. The principal criterion was morbimortality at 1 month. Secondary criteria were clinical improvement, patency, complications related to the arterial closure, and costs evaluation at 1 month.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-five patients were included and 50 ambulatory procedures were carried out. The patients presented with claudication (92%) or a critical ischemia (8%) of the lower extremities. All procedures were carried out by femoral puncture (retrograde in 94% and anterograde in 6% of the cases). The patients presented with iliac (68%) and femoropopliteal (64%) lesions. Lesions included stenoses (70%), thromboses (16%), and intrastent restenoses (14%). The rate of failure of ambulatory hospitalization was 16% (n = 8) without a serious undesirable event: 2 patients were hospitalized after a surgical conversion for iliac rupture and disinsertion of stent; 3 patients developed a hematoma during the intervention at the point of puncture; and in 3 cases the system of percutaneous closure failed. The mean duration of hospitalization was 1.36 ± 1.33 days. At 1 month, clinical improvement was observed in 97.5% of cases, with a primary patency of 100%. No perioperative rehospitalization or puncture site complications were observed. Ambulatory management made it possible to save 42 days of hospitalization, with associated costs of 10,971€, compared with conventional hospitalization. The additional costs related to use of the Angio-Seal amounted to 7427€.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ambulatory endovascular treatment of patients presenting with peripheral arterial lesions is reliable and effective and may contribute to savings in healthcare spending.
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, l'Institut du thorax, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, l'Institut du thorax, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Nantes, France; INSERM UMR 957, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Davaine
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, Service d'Information Médicale, Pôle d'Information Médicale, d'Evaluation et de Santé Publique, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Pierre
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Chaillet
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, Pharmacie centrale, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Gaël
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grimandi
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, l'Institut du thorax, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guyomarch
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, l'Institut du thorax, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Azéma
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, l'Institut du thorax, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Costargent
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, l'Institut du thorax, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaillou
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, l'Institut du thorax, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patra
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, l'Institut du thorax, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France. Electronic address: yann.goueffic@chu-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gouëffic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000191:economics*; D017046:Cost Savings; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics* / Q000295:instrumentation; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency