title: Vaccination using phase I vaccine is effective to control Coxiella burnetii shedding in infected dairy cattle herds.
abstract: The effectiveness of the vaccination of dairy cows combined or not with antibiotics (i.e. oxytetracycline) to control Coxiella burnetii (Cb) shedding at herd level was investigated in 77 Q fever clinically affected herds. In addition to nulliparous heifers' vaccination, one out of the four following medical strategies was randomly assigned to dairy cows in each herd: vaccination (using a phase I vaccine) alone, vaccination combined with oxytetracycline, oxytetracycline alone or nothing. Their effectiveness to reduce Cb load in quarterly samples of bulk tank milk (BTM) and of pooled milk of primiparous (MP) was assessed through logistic hierarchical models. A significant reduction in Cb load was observed in herds where the vaccination of ≥80% of dairy cows was implemented; whereas the use of antibiotics was uneffective. Our findings support the interest of a whole vaccination strategy and provide evidence for decreasing the use of antibiotics in dairy cattle herds.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1300 Biologie, Epidémiologie et Analyse de Risque en santé animale, BP 40706, F-44307 Nantes, France; LUNAM Université, Oniris, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, UMR BioEpAR, F-44307 Nantes, France; Union Bretonne des Groupements de Défense Sanitaire, F-56000 Vannes, France. Electronic address: annefrieda.taurel@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anne-Frieda
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Taurel
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1300 Biologie, Epidémiologie et Analyse de Risque en santé animale, BP 40706, F-44307 Nantes, France; LUNAM Université, Oniris, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, UMR BioEpAR, F-44307 Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Raphaël
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guatteo
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1300 Biologie, Epidémiologie et Analyse de Risque en santé animale, BP 40706, F-44307 Nantes, France; LUNAM Université, Oniris, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, UMR BioEpAR, F-44307 Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lehebel
authors.affiliation: Union Bretonne des Groupements de Défense Sanitaire, F-56000 Vannes, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joly
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1300 Biologie, Epidémiologie et Analyse de Risque en santé animale, BP 40706, F-44307 Nantes, France; LUNAM Université, Oniris, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, UMR BioEpAR, F-44307 Nantes, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beaudeau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016997:Coxiella burnetii / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D016015:Logistic Models; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology; D010118:Oxytetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011778:Q Fever / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D010118:Oxytetracycline
keywords: Coxiella burnetii; Dairy herds; Milk; Oxytetracycline; Shedding; Vaccination