title: Improved functional status and quality of life in prohibitive surgical risk patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation after transcatheter mitral valve repair.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical mitral valve repair (SMVR) remains the gold standard for severe degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR). However, the results with transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) in prohibitive-risk DMR patients have not been previously reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients with severe DMR at prohibitive surgical risk undergoing TMVR.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prohibitive-risk DMR cohort was identified by a multidisciplinary heart team that retrospectively evaluated high-risk DMR patients enrolled in the EVEREST (Endovascular Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair Study) II studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 141 high-risk DMR patients were consecutively enrolled; 127 of these patients were retrospectively identified as meeting the definition of prohibitive risk and had 1-year follow-up (median: 1.47 years) available. Patients were elderly (mean age: 82.4 years), severely symptomatic (87% New York Heart Association class III/IV), and at prohibitive surgical risk (STS score: 13.2 ± 7.3%). TMVR (MitraClip) was successfully performed in 95.3%; hospital stay was 2.9 ± 3.1 days. Major adverse events at 30 days included death in 6.3%, myocardial infarction in 0.8%, and stroke in 2.4%. Through 1 year, there were a total of 30 deaths (23.6%), with no survival difference between patients discharged with MR ≤1+ or MR 2+. At 1 year, the majority of surviving patients (82.9%) remained MR ≤2+ at 1 year, and 86.9% were in New York Heart Association functional class I or II. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume decreased (from 125.1 ± 40.1 ml to 108.5 ± 37.9 ml; p < 0.0001 [n = 69 survivors with paired data]). SF-36 quality-of-life scores improved and hospitalizations for heart failure were reduced in patients whose MR was reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TMVR in prohibitive surgical risk patients is associated with safety and good clinical outcomes, including decreases in rehospitalization, functional improvements, and favorable ventricular remodeling, at 1 year. (Real World Expanded Multi-center Study of the MitraClip System [REALISM]; NCT01931956).
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia. Electronic address: sl9pc@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: D Scott
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Harvard Clinical Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Cardiology, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.affiliation: Northshore University Health System, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Saibal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kar
authors.affiliation: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Howard C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Patrick L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Whitlow
authors.affiliation: Center for Interventional Vascular Therapy, Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: Baylor University Medical Center, Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grayburn
authors.affiliation: Baylor University Medical Center, Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Donald D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Glower
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: mitral regurgitation; percutaneous; prohibitive surgical risk