title: Identification of factors associated with increased excretion of foot-and-mouth disease virus.
abstract: We investigated which variables possibly influence the amount of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) shed in secretions and excretions by FMDV infected animals, as it is likely that the amount of FMDV shed is related to transmission risk. First, in a separate analysis of laboratory data, we showed that the total amount of FMDV in secretions and excretions from infected animals is highly correlated with maximum titres of FMDV. Next, we collected data from 32 published scientific articles in which FMDV infection experiments were described. The maximum titres of FMDV reported in different secretions and excretions (the response variable) and the experimental conditions in which they occurred (the explanatory variables), were recorded in a database and analyzed using multivariate regression models with and without random effects. In both types of models, maximum titres of FMDV were significantly (p<0.05) associated with types of secretions and excretions, animal species, stage of the disease and days post infection. These results can be used to prioritize biosecurity measures in contingency plans.
authors.affiliation: Central Veterinary Institute (CVI) of Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, The Netherlands; Department Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: carla.bravoderueda@wur.nl.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bravo de Rueda
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.forename: Phaedra L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Eblé
authors.forename: Mart C M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: de Jong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000635:transmission / Q000652:urine / Q000821:virology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000821:virology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009426:Netherlands; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000635:transmission / Q000652:urine / Q000821:virology*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000635:transmission / Q000652:urine / Q000821:virology*
keywords: Excretion; Foot-and-mouth disease virus; Quantification; Regression analysis; Secretion