title: Gunshot wounds: a review of firearm type, range, and location as pertaining to manner of death.
abstract: Many studies have examined the characteristics of gunshot wounds by manner of death; however, no published study has directly compared these characteristics for the different types of firearms. This study was designed to address that deficiency. Existing data sets of nonaccidental deaths by handguns, shotguns, and rifles were reviewed. The victim data were analyzed by age and sex of the victims, wound location, range of fire, manner of death, and type of firearm. Handguns were the most common firearm used in both suicides and homicides, followed by rifles and then shotguns. For both homicides and suicides, there were significant differences between the firearm types for age of victims, range of fire, and wound locations. Possible reasons for those differences are discussed. It is concluded that information about the type of firearm is crucial to have when examining the nature of a firearm injury and determining the manner of death.
authors.affiliation: From the *Bexar County Medical Examiner's Office, San Antonio, TX; and †Factuality Research and Analysis, New Zealand.
authors.forename: D Kimberley
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: DiMaio
authors.forename: Rowena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cave
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D003334:Coroners and Medical Examiners; D005121:Extremities / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005389:Firearms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D049429:Forensic Pathology; D020197:Head Injuries, Penetrating / Q000473:pathology; D006708:Homicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000473:pathology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013405:Suicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013898:Thoracic Injuries / Q000473:pathology; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000473:pathology*