title: Procedures for the expansion of CD14(+) precursors from acute myeloid leukemic cells to facilitate dendritic cell-based immunotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vaccination with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-derived dendritic cells (DCs) is a promising immunotherapeutic approach to prevent relapse of AML. However, in clinical practice AML-derived DC culture is unfeasible in 40% of cases. Here, we demonstrate that AML cells can be expanded in vitro prior to differentiation with cocktails of cytokines with known myeloid growth-promoting effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine out of 13 initially CD14(-) samples gain de novo CD14 (>10%) expression (69% increment; p = 0.01) after in vitro expansion. These expanded CD14(+) leukemic cells displayed a high probability (six out of six initially CD14(-) samples tested) to differentiate into DCs upon culture with GM-CSF, TNF-α and IL-4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Induction of CD14 on initially CD14(-) AML cells potentially increases the number of patients eligible for DC-based immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, VU Institute for Cancer & Immunology, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Willemijn
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van den Ancker
authors.forename: Pepijn G J B
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Wijnands
authors.forename: Jurjen M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ruben
authors.forename: Theresia M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Westers
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Punt
authors.forename: Costa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bachas
authors.forename: Niek
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ravenshorst
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van Wetering
authors.forename: Ada M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kruisbeek
authors.forename: Hetty J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Bontkes
authors.forename: Gert J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Ossenkoppele
authors.forename: Arjan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: van de Loosdrecht
authors.forename: Tanja D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: de Gruijl
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors