title: There is no sweet escape from social pain: glucose does not attenuate the effects of ostracism.
abstract: Ostracism causes social pain and is known to activate regions of the brain that are involved in the representation of physical pain. Previous research has observed that acetominophen (a common pain reliever) can reduce the pain of exclusion. The taste and consumption of glucose can also relieve physical pain, and the purpose of the current study was to examine whether it might also reduce the negative emotional effects of ostracism. In an appropriately powered experiment, participants were given 25g of glucose or a sucralose placebo before being ostracized while playing Cyberball. Strong effects of ostracism were observed, however, there was no effect of glucose on immediate or delayed self-reported needs or mood. These results are discussed in reference to the possibility that social pain is unlike physical pain since the latter is affected by glucose, which is believed to lessen pain by increasing endogenous opioid activity.
authors.affiliation: KU Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: holly.miller@ppw.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Holly C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bourrasseau
authors.forename: Kipling D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Mikaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molet
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004644:Emotions / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005717:Games, Experimental; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006240:Happiness; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D012934:Social Isolation / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose
keywords: Cyberball; Glucose; Ostracism; Pain; Social pain