title: [Mental health of children, adolescents and young adults--part 1: prevalence, illness persistence, adversities, service use, treatment delay and consequences].
abstract: Numerous birth-control studies, epidemiological studies, and observational studies have investigated mental health and health care in childhood, adolescence and early adulthood, including prevalence, age at onset, adversities, illness persistence, service use, treatment delay and course of illness. Moreover, the impact of the burden of illness, of deficits of present health care systems, and the efficacy and effectiveness of early intervention services on mental health were evaluated. According to these data, most mental disorders start during childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. Many children, adolescents and young adults are exposed to single or multiple adversities, which increase the risk for (early) manifestations of mental diseases as well as for their chronicity. Early-onset mental disorders often persist into adulthood. Service use by children, adolescents and young adults is low, even lower than for adult patients. Moreover, there is often a long delay between onset of illness and first adequate treatment with a variety of linked consequences for a poorer psychosocial prognosis. This leads to a large burden of illness with respect to disability and costs. As a consequence several countries have implemented so-called "early intervention services" at the interface of child and adolescent and adult psychiatry. Emerging studies show that these health-care structures are effective and efficient. Part 1 of the present review summarises the current state of mental health in childhood, adolescence and early adulthood, including prevalence, age at onset, adversities, illness persistence, service use, and treatment delay with consequences.
authors.affiliation: Arbeitsbereich Psychosen, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE).
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bock
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Naber
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Löwe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schulte-Markwort
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gumz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Degkwitz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schulte
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konnopka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bechdolf
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Correll
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Juckel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klosterkötter
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leopold
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pfennig
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006296:Health Services / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008603:Mental Health; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult