title: Rehabilitation of children with hemiparesis: a pilot study on the use of virtual reality.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A wide range of treatments have been used to improve upper arm motor performances in children with congenital hemiplegia. Recent findings are suggesting that virtual reality based intervention could be a promising tool also in pediatric rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients with congenital hemiplegia (age: 4-16 years) were recruited among those treated in the Child Neuropsychiatry and Rehabilitation Unit of the IRCCS "Santa Maria Nascente" (Milan, Italy), for a preliminary investigation about using nonimmersive virtual reality for upper limb rehabilitation. Ten sessions using VRRS system (Khymeia, Padova, Italy) were weekly administered as a part of the rehabilitative treatment. Melbourne Assessment of Unilateral Limb Movement, Ashworth Scale, and Arm's PROM were selected as main outcome measures. At the end of treatment, participants filled in an ad hoc satisfaction questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subjects completed the proposed treatment, and they also gave a positive judgment regarding this rehabilitative method. Melbourne score increased in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings seem to support the evidence that VR treatment could be a promising and engaging tool for pediatric rehabilitation. However, the limited size of the population and the small number of sessions require further investigations and RCTs to confirm our positive results.
authors.affiliation: Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS Foundation, Piazzale Morandi 6, 20121 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Olivieri
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiappedi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meriggi
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazzola
authors.forename: Attilia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grandi
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Angelini
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010291:Paresis / Q000151:congenital / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D063367:Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy / Q000379:methods*