title: Rectal pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
abstract: Rectal pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) will be a critical component of HIV prevention products due to the prevalence of unprotected receptive anal intercourse among men who have sex with men and heterosexual couples. Given the biological considerations of this compartment and the complexity of HIV infection, design of a successful rectal microbicide product faces a number of challenges. Important information is being compiled to begin to address deficits in knowledge toward design of rectal PrEP products for men and women. Aspects of formulation development and preclinical and clinical evaluation of rectal products studied to date are summarized in this review. This article is based on a presentation at the "Product Development Workshop 2013: HIV and Multipurpose Prevention Technologies," held in Arlington, Virginia on February 21-22, 2013. It forms part of a special supplement to Antiviral Research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Electronic address: rohanlc@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Lisa C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Rohan
authors.forename: Haitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000285:Administration, Rectal; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012725:Sexual Behavior
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: HIV prevention; Microbicides; Rectal pre-exposure prophylaxis