title: Single balloon enteroscopy (SBE) assisted therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with roux-en-y anastomosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with Roux-en-Y anastomosis is a complex challenge. Long length of afferent limb after an acute angle at the jejunojejunostomy and altered location of the biliary orifice make biliary cannulation difficult. Single balloon enteroscopy assisted ERCP (SBE-ERCP) is a promising alternative to conventional approaches.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of SBE-ERCP in patients with Roux-en-Y reconstruction at a high volume tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective cohort study. All procedures were performed by a single, experienced pancreatobiliary endoscopist. Patient demographics and related clinical data were obtained. The rate of procedure successes and complications were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen patients (nine women) with a median age of 63 years (range 35-83 years) underwent 22 SBE-ERCP procedures from March 2009 to May 2011. Surgically altered anatomy consisted of Whipple procedure (n = 4), hepaticojejunostomy (n = 9) and partial gastrectomy (n = 1). Indications for SBE-ERCP were obstructive jaundice (n = 10), cholangitis (n = 7), post-PTC internalization (n = 3) and biliary stent extraction/exchange (n = 2). The hepaticojejunostomy site (HJS) was reached in 15 (68 %) procedures. Successful interventions were performed in 11 (73 %) of 15 cases, including balloon dilation of biliary strictures (n = 3), insertion of biliary stents (n = 7), retrieval of biliopancreatic stents (n = 4) and biliary stone extraction (n = 4). The mean procedural time for successful interventions was 97.6 min (range 73-147 min). No procedural complications occurred during the median follow-up of 501 days (range 22-1,242 days).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SBE-ERCP is safe and carries an acceptable success rate in experienced hands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomizawa
authors.forename: Caitlin T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gelrud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000713:Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y / Q000009:adverse effects; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004106:Dilatation; D005260:Female; D061847:Hospitals, High-Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010414:Pennsylvania; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome