title: Metabolic syndrome in children with chronic kidney disease: PON1 and treatment modality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We undertook this study to evaluate the relationship between PON1, SOD and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in pediatric patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis and patients in early stages of CKD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We carried out an analytical cross-sectional study of 134 children 6-17 years old. We registered anthropometric variables, vital signs, basic biochemical parameters, intact PTH (iPTH), high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), paraoxonase-1; SOD; PON1/HDL-cholesterol and homocysteine. For statistical analyses we used t test, Mann Whitney U test, χ(2), Fisher exact test, linear or logistic regression models, using SPSS v.16.0. p values <0.05 were considered as significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 66 (49.3%) females; 39 (29.1%) had CKD stages 2-4 (predialysis), 42 (31.3%) on hemodialysis (HD) and 53 (39.6%) on automated peritoneal dialysis (PD). Time from diagnosis was 26 months. Significant differences were observed in mean, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, C-peptide, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol as well as PON1/HDL-cholesterol ratio and SOD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that PON1 and SOD may be predictors for the presence of MetS in pediatric patients under treatment with peritoneal dialysis. The positive correlation observed in PON1/HDL-cholesterol ratio may reflect the protector effect of HDL-cholesterol in patients with CKD according with the modality of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, UMAE Specialty of Hospital, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: ritagomezdiaz@netscape.net.
authors.forename: Rita A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gómez-Díaz
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: García-Bello
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mondragón-González
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Díaz-Flores
authors.forename: Adán
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valladares-Salgado
authors.forename: Juan Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gallardo
authors.forename: Juan O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Talavera
authors.forename: Niels H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Wacher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human
keywords: CKD treatment modality; Metabolic syndrome in children; PON1/HDL-cholesterol; Paraoxonase-1; SOD