title: Sweetened food purchases and indulgent feeding are associated with increased toddler anthropometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the role of feeding practices and food purchases in toddler dietary intake and anthropometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of Latino mother and toddler pairs were interviewed at baseline and at 6-month follow-up. Data on feeding practices, toddler dietary intake, anthropometry, and food purchases were collected using the Toddler-Feeding Questionnaire; 24-hour recalls; measurements of weight, height, and/or length; and food purchase receipts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Indulgent feeding scores and high intake of sweetened beverage were associated with a 0.52 increase (P = .03) and 0.46 increase in toddler weight-for-height z-score (P = .05), respectively. Households with 10 percentage points of more sweetened food and beverage expenditures were associated with increases in weight indicator z-scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Indulgent feeding, high intake, and purchase of sweetened beverage are associated with weight gain in Latino toddlers. Programs should target food purchasing decisions and provide concrete guidance for the division of responsibility around feeding.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Department, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA. Electronic address: vachaidez@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chaidez
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McNiven
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Vosti
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Department, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Lucia L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Kaiser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D002241:Carbohydrates; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004435:Eating; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D050177:Overweight; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates
keywords: Hispanics; Latinos; child feeding; overweight; sweetened beverage