title: Office-based stone management.
abstract: As hospital resources are becoming strained, ambulatory surgical centers and day hospitals are being increasingly utilized. For the urologist, a working knowledge of local anesthetics and conscious sedation protocols are important, as many surgical kidney-stone procedures can be performed without general anesthetic. With any anesthesia, the key goal is to maximize patient comfort while minimizing respiratory depression and avoiding prolonged sedation. When using these medications, a working knowledge of emergency reversal, ventilation (bag mask/laryngeal mask airway/intubation), and cardiopulmonary resuscitation is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Endourology, The Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Q10-1, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Shubha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monga
authors.forename: Bodo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Knudsen
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Anesthetic; Endoscopy; Kidney stone; Lithotripsy; Sedation; Surgery