title: Oxidative stress precedes mitochondrial dysfunction in gerbil brain after aluminum ingestion.
abstract: Several studies suggest that aluminum (Al) intake might increase an individual's risk of developing Alzheimer disease. The dynamic of changes in acetylcholinesterase (AChE), cytochrome c oxidase (COX), Complex I, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and the lipid peroxide (MDA), superoxide anion (O₂(-)) and thiol (SH) group levels in gerbil's brain after aluminum ingestion were analyzed. Gerbils that orally received aluminum chloride (LD₂₅ or LD₅₀) were sacrificed 2, 6 or 24 h later. Another group was subacutely treated (21 days; LD10). Controls received saline. Biochemical parameters were measured in cortex, hippocampus, thalamus and nucleus caudatus. Two hours after acute Al exposure AChE activity and SH group content were decreased and MDA and O₂(-) levels were elevated in all investigated brain structures. The changes of COX and CAT were structure specific. SOD was increased after 6 h. Changes of investigated parameters were also seen after subacute Al treatment. These results might suggest the presence of additional source of free radicals in early phase of Al poisoning.
authors.affiliation: Special Hospital for Addictions, Teodora Drajzera 44, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vučetić-Arsić
authors.forename: Nevena V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Radonjić
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jovanović
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Selaković
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nikolić
authors.forename: Milica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velimirović
authors.forename: Tihomir
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stojković
authors.forename: Andjela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milovanović
authors.forename: Jovica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Milovanović
authors.forename: Nataša D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Petronijević
mesh_terms: D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002712:Chlorides / Q000633:toxicity*; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I / Q000378:metabolism; D005849:Gerbillinae; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013481:Superoxides; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I
keywords: Aluminum; Alzheimer's disease; Cytochrome c oxidase; Gerbils; Oxidative stress