title: Application of 3-D printing (rapid prototyping) for creating physical models of pediatric orthopedic disorders.
abstract: Three-dimensional printing called rapid prototyping, a technology that is used to create physical models based on a 3-D computer representation, is now commercially available and can be created from CT or MRI datasets. This technical innovation paper reviews the specific requirements and steps necessary to apply biomedical 3-D printing of pediatric musculoskeletal disorders. We discuss its role for the radiologist, orthopedist and patient.
authors.affiliation: The Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, 6701 Fannin St., Ste. 470, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Zbigniew A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Starosolski
authors.forename: J Herman
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Rosenfeld
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krishnamurthy
authors.forename: Ananth
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Annapragada
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D016287:Computer Peripherals; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000473:pathology*