title: Microwave-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction of oil from pumpkin seeds and evaluation of its physicochemical properties, fatty acid compositions and antioxidant activities.
abstract: Microwave-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction (MAAEE) of pumpkin seed oil was performed in this study. An enzyme cocktail comprised of cellulase, pectinase and proteinase (w/w/w) was found to be the most effective in releasing oils. The highest oil recovery of 64.17% was achieved under optimal conditions of enzyme concentration (1.4%, w/w), temperature (44°C), time (66 min) and irradiation power (419W). Moreover, there were no significant variations in physicochemical properties of MAAEE-extracted oil (MAAEEO) and Soxhlet-extracted oil (SEO), but MAAEEO exhibited better oxidation stability. Additionally, MAAEEO had a higher content of linoleic acid (57.33%) than SEO (53.72%), and it showed stronger antioxidant activities with the IC50 values 123.93 and 152.84, mg/mL, according to DPPH radical scavenging assay and β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching test. SEM results illustrated the destruction of cell walls and membranes by MAAEE. MAAEE is, therefore, a promising and environmental-friendly technique for oil extraction in the food industry.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Zhu-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qing-Yan
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Gai
authors.forename: Xiao-Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fu-Yao
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yu-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002480:Cellulase / Q000737:chemistry; D028464:Cucurbita / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008872:Microwaves; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010938:Plant Oils; D011096:Polygalacturonase; D002480:Cellulase
keywords: Antioxidant activities; Fatty acid compositions; Microwave-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction; Physicochemical properties; Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil