title: First study on efficacy and tolerability of a new alkylphosphocholine molecule (oleylphosphocholine-OlPC) in the treatment of canine leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum.
abstract: The alkylphosphocholine oleylphosphocholine (OlPC) represents a potential new therapy for the treatment of canine leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of OlPC in a small cohort of dogs naturally infected with L. infantum and defined as clinically sick (LeishVet stages II and III). A total of eight dogs were included in the study and were treated orally with 4 mg/kg OlPC for 14 days. Dogs were assessed at the clinical and parasitological level at four time points during a total follow-up period of 90 days (before treatment and at 15, 30, and 90 days post-treatment onset). Ln-PCR, real-time quantitative PCR, antibody testing (IFAT), and culture of bone marrow aspirates were evaluated at the four time points. OlPC treatment induced a rapid and satisfactory clinical recovery in terms of clinical score reduction and weight gain, and treatment efficacy was found to be associated with a decrease in bone marrow parasitic load. Serological titers measured by IFAT were stable in any of the treated dogs at any time point after treatment. OlPC was well tolerated and no severe adverse events were noted in any of the treated dogs; even some dogs showed slight intestinal disorders. This proof-of-principle study is the first to show that short oral treatment with OlPC improves clinical signs of canine L. infantum leishmaniosis, highlighting the need to perform additional studies to optimize the dosing regimen and to assess long-term treatment efficacy of this drug.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gálvez
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montoya
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Checa
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bello
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bosschaerts
authors.forename: Herwig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rupérez
authors.forename: Anny
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fortin
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Miró
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000469:parasitology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D004285:Dogs / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D059208:Parasite Load; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D010767:Phosphorylcholine