title: Redox regulation of transcription factors in plant stress acclimation and development.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The redox regulatory signaling network of the plant cell controls and co-regulates transcriptional activities, thereby enabling adjustment of metabolism and development in response to environmental cues, including abiotic stress.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Our rapidly expanding knowledge on redox regulation of plant transcription is driven by methodological advancements such as sensitive redox proteomics and in silico predictions in combination with classical targeted genetic and molecular approaches, often in Arabidopsis thaliana. Thus, transcription factors (TFs) are both direct and indirect targets of redox-dependent activity modulation. Redox control of TF activity involves conformational switching, nucleo-cytosolic partitioning, assembly with coregulators, metal-S-cluster regulation, redox control of upstream signaling elements, and proteolysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While the significance of redox regulation of transcription is well established for prokaryotes and non-plant eukaryotes, the momentousness of redox-dependent control of transcription in plants still receives insufficient awareness and, therefore, is discussed in detail in this review.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improved proteome sensitivity will enable characterization of low abundant proteins and to simultaneously address the various post-translational modifications such as nitrosylation, hydroxylation, and glutathionylation. Combining such approaches by gradually increasing biotic and abiotic stress strength is expected to result in a systematic understanding of redox regulation. In the end, only the combination of in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro results will provide conclusive pictures on the rather complex mechanism of redox regulation of transcription.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University , Bielefeld, Germany .
authors.forename: Karl-Josef
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Dietz
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors