title: Solving the cardiac hypertrophy riddle: The angiotensin II-mechanical stress connection.
abstract: A series of studies conducted 20 years ago, documenting the cardiac hypertrophy phenotype and its underlying signaling mechanism induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) and mechanical stress, showed a remarkable similarity between the effect of the Gαq agonist and that of mechanical forces on cardiac hypertrophy. Subsequent studies confirmed the involvement of autocrine/paracrine mechanisms, including stretch-induced release of Ang II in load-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Recent studies showed that the Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor is also directly activated by mechanical forces, suggesting that AT1 receptors play an important role in mediating load-induced cardiac hypertrophy through both ligand- and mechanical stress-dependent mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zablocki
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sadoshima
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000502:physiology; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D000804:Angiotensin II
keywords: angiotensin II; cardiomegaly