title: [Diversity and genetic stability of yeast flocculation caused by variation of tandem repeats in yeast flocculin genes].
abstract: Yeast flocculation is described as a reversible, asexual and calcium dependent process, in which cells adhere to form flocs by interaction of specific cell surface proteins named flocculins on yeast cells with mannose residues present on the cell wall of adjacent yeast cells. Yeast flocculation provides a very economical and convenient pathway for separation of yeast cells from the fermentation broth or removal of heavy metal ions from effluent. A large number of tandem repeats have been found in genes encoding flocculins, which not only have great regulatory effect on the structure and function of flocculins, generating the diversity of flocculation characteristics, but lead to genetic instability in flocculation as well for driving slippage and recombination reactions within and between FLO genes. Here, the research progress in effect of variation of tandem repeats in FLO genes on flocculation characteristics and genetic stability were reviewed to direct and promote the controllable application of flocculation in industrial fermentation process and environmental remediation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Yeast, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Xuena
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Borun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D005285:Fermentation; D005427:Flocculation; D008358:Mannose; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D008358:Mannose