title: Temperature measurements with two different IR sensors in a continuous-flow microwave heated system.
abstract: In a continuous-flow system equipped with a nonresonant microwave applicator we have investigated how to best assess the actual temperature of microwave heated organic solvents with different characteristics. This is non-trivial as the electromagnetic field will influence most traditional methods of temperature measurement. Thus, we used a microwave transparent fiber optic probe, capable of measuring the temperature inside the reactor, and investigated two different IR sensors as non-contact alternatives to the internal probe. IR sensor 1 measures the temperature on the outside of the reactor whilst IR sensor 2 is designed to measure the temperature of the fluid through the borosilicate glass that constitutes the reactor wall. We have also, in addition to the characterization of the before mentioned IR sensors, developed statistical models to correlate the IR sensor reading to a correct value of the inner temperature (as determined by the internal fiber optic probe), thereby providing a non-contact, indirect, temperature assessment of the heated solvent. The accuracy achieved with these models lie well within the range desired for most synthetic chemistry applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 574, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rydfjord
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fagrell
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sävmarker
authors.forename: Måns
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thulin
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Larhed
keywords: continuous-flow; flow chemistry; heating; microwave; organic synthesis; temperature