title: The role of androgen receptor gene in cyclosporine induced gingival overgrowth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gingival overgrowth is a prominent side effect of cyclosporine (CsA) therapy in renal transplant patients. Although the exact mechanism by which this drug induces gingival overgrowth is uncertain, marked variations in individual susceptibility to this drug suggest a genetic predisposition. Studies have shown that genetic variation (polymorphism) in the trinucleotide cytosine-adenine- guanine (CAG) sequence in exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene is related to altered activity of the AR as a transcription factor. However, the relationship between the length of the CAG repeat and gingival overgrowth has not yet been studied. The present study was carried out to determine whether there is an association between CsA-induced gingival overgrowth and the length of the CAG repeats in the AR gene.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA samples were prepared from the blood of 50 renal transplant patients with CsA-induced gingival overgrowth and from the blood of 100 renal transplant patients on CsA with no gingival overgrowth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The difference in allele distribution among the subjects with gingival overgrowth and control samples was statistically significant (p = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest a link between CsA7induced gingival overgrowth and a smaller size of CAG repeat in the AR gene.
authors.affiliation: Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al Sayed
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Al Sulaiman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishriky
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anil
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D020029:Base Pairing; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003596:Cytosine; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D019214:Gingival Overgrowth / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics; D006147:Guanine; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D006147:Guanine; D016572:Cyclosporine; D003596:Cytosine; D000225:Adenine
keywords: adverse effects; cyclosporine; genetic role; gingival overgrowth; polymorphism