title: Effects of in utero di-butyl phthalate and butyl benzyl phthalate exposure on offspring development and male reproduction of rat.
abstract: The study was conducted to assess the effects of in utero di-butyl phthalate (DBP) and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) exposure during late gestation on offspring's development and reproductive system of male rats. Pregnant rats were treated orally with DBP (2, 10, 50 mg/kg), BBP (4, 20, 100 mg/kg), and diethylstilbestrol (DES) 6 μg/kg (positive control) from GD14 to parturition. A significant reduction in dams' body weight on GD21 in DBP-, BBP-, and DES-treated groups was observed. The gestation length was considerably elevated in the treated groups. Decline in male pups' body weight was significant at PND75 in DBP- (50 mg/kg), BBP- (20,100 mg/kg), and DES-treated groups. The weight of most of the reproductive organs and sperm quality parameters was impaired significantly in DBP- (50 mg/kg) and BBP- (100 mg/kg) treated groups. Further, a non-significant decline in testicular spermatid count and daily sperm production was also monitored in treated groups. A significant reduction in serum testosterone level in BBP (100 mg/kg), whereas the testicular activity of 17β-HSD was declined non-significantly in the treated groups with respect to control. The data suggests that DBP and BBP exposure during late gestation period might have adverse effects on offspring's development, spermatogenesis, and steroidogenesis in adult rats.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive and Cytotoxicology, National Institute of Occupational Health (ICMR), Meghaninagar, 380016, Ahmedabad, India.
authors.forename: Rahish
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gautam
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sedha
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D015067:17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D010795:Phthalic Acids; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate; D013739:Testosterone; D015067:17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; C027561:butylbenzyl phthalate