title: Hypertensive and acute aortic syndromes.
abstract: Acute aortic syndromes are among the most lethal of the cardiovascular diseases. Delays in recognition, diagnosis, and treatment are associated with increases in mortality. Signs and symptoms are sometimes subtle and atypical, and a high index of suspicion is useful to guide the diagnostic evaluation. Uncontrolled hypertension remains the most significant treatable risk factor. Immediate management involves blood pressure reduction. β-Blockers are the first drugs of choice. Although future directions should involve the evolution of operative and endovascular techniques and the development of sophisticated risk prediction tools, risk factor modification by addressing the burden of uncontrolled hypertension cannot be overlooked.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan Health System, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Jack Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Eagle
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaishnava
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; C036309:fibrin fragment D
keywords: Management and treatment of acute aortic syndromes; Type A aortic dissection; Type B aortic dissection