title: Micelle, microemulsions, and gels for the conservation of cultural heritage.
abstract: Past restorations performed with acrylic and vinyl polymers showed detrimental effects to wall paintings that lead to the complete disfiguration of the painted surfaces. The removal of these materials performed with the traditional solvent-based methodology represents a real challenge to conservators and usually achieves very poor results. This review reports on the new palette, nowadays available to restorers, based on microemulsions, micellar systems, physical and chemical gels specifically formulated for the cleaning of cultural heritage artefacts. These systems have been developed in the last twenty years within the cultural framework of colloids and surface science.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy. Electronic address: baglioni@csgi.unifi.it.
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baglioni
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berti
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonini
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Emiliano
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carretti
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dei
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Emiliano
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fratini
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Rodorico
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giorgi
keywords: Cleaning; Conservation; Cultural heritage; Gel; Micelle; Microemulsion