title: Regeneration of transgenic plants from the commercial apple cultivar Royal Gala.
abstract: A transformation system was developed for the commercial apple (Malus X domestica Borkh.) cultivar Royal Gala. Leaf pieces from in vitro-grown shoots were cocultivated for 2 days with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 containing the binary vectors pKIWI105 or pKIWI110. Shoots were produced on a shooting medium containing kanamycin (50 mg·L(-1)). A 2-day incubation period on kanamycin-free medium prior to antibiotic selection enhanced the regeneration of kanamycin-resistant shoots. The majority of the kanamycin-resistant shoots also expressed GUS (β-glucuronidase) activity. The putatively transformed shoots were rooted on a medium containing kanamycin (50 mg·L(-1)). Rooted plants were established in a greenhouse, and plants transformed with pKIWI110, which contains a mutant Arabidopsis acetolactate synthase gene, were shown to be resistant to the herbicide Glean(™). Integration of T-DNA into the apple genome was confirmed by PCR and Southern hybridization analyses.
authors.affiliation: Gene Transfer and Expression Group, The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand Ltd., Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morris