title: Assessment of persistent organic pollutants accumulation and lipid peroxidation in two reproductive stages of wild silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis).
abstract: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in streamwater can sometimes exceed the guidelines values reported for biota and human protection in watersheds with intensive agriculture. Oxidative stress and cytotoxicity are some of the markers of exposure to POPs in fish. Accumulation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) as well as lipid peroxidation (LPO) was assessed in wild silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis) from maturation and pre-spawning stages sampled in a typical soybean growing area. Pollutants were quantified by gas chromatography with electron capture detection and LPO by the method of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Concentrations of POPs were in the following order: OCPs>PCBs>PBDEs in all organs and stages. Liver, gills and gonads had the highest OCP concentrations in both sexes and stages with a predominance of endosulfan in all samples. Matured individuals, sampled after endosulfan application period, showed higher endosulfan concentrations than pre-spawning individuals. The predominance of endosulfan sulfate could be due to direct uptake from diet and water column, as well as to the metabolism of the parent compounds in fish. The prevalence of p,p'-DDE in liver would also reflect both the direct uptake and the metabolic transformation of p,p'-DDT to p,p'-DDE by fish. The highest levels of PBDEs and PCBs were found in gills and brain of both stages of growth. The pattern BDE-47>BDE-100 in all samples corresponds to pentaBDE exposure. In the case of PCBs, penta (#101 and 110) and hexa-CB congeners (#153 and 138) dominated in the maturation stages and tri (#18) and tetra-CB (#44 and 52) in pre-spawning stages, suggesting biotransformation or preferential accumulation of heavier congeners during gonadal development. Differences in LPO levels in ovaries were associated with growth dilution and reproductive stage. Differences in LPO levels in gills were related with pesticide application periods. As a whole, endosulfan, a current-use pesticide, constituted the main pollutant found in wild silverside reflecting the intense agriculture activity in the study area. Moreover endosulfan was positively correlated with LPO.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Dean Funes 3350, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina. Electronic address: m.silvabarni@conicet.gov.ar.
authors.forename: María Florencia Silva
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Barni
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Karina S B
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Miglioranza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005880:Gills / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006066:Gonads / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: BBB; CF; DDTs; GC-ECD; GSI; HCHs; HSI; LPO; Lipid peroxidation (LPO); MDA; Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs); PBDEs; PCBs; POPs; PUFAs; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs); Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); QGR; Quequén Grande River; ROS; Reproductive stage; SPM; Silverside; TAGs; brain-blood barrier; condition factor; dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes; gas chromatograph with electron capture detector; gonadosomatic index; hepatosomatic index; hexachlorocyclohexanes; lipid peroxidation; malondialdehyde, OCPs, organochlorine pesticides; persistent organic pollutants; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polychlorinated biphenyls; polyunsaturated fatty acids; reactive oxygen species; suspended particulate matter; triacylglycerols