title: New SSU-rDNA sequences for eleven colpodeans (Ciliophora, Colpodea) and description of Apocyrtolophosis nov. gen.
abstract: Using 11 new SSU-rDNA sequences, we analyze relationships within the class Colpodea, especially of some uncommon taxa, such as Kalometopia duplicata, Cyrtolophosis minor, and Jaroschia sumptuosa. The sequences do not change the basic structure of the molecular Colpodea tree, i.e., all belong to one of the four molecular clades recognized by Foissner et al. (2011): Colpodida, Cyrtolophosidida, Bursariomorphida, and Platyophryida. The addition of three Colpoda sequences strengthens the observation that species of this genus are distributed over the whole molecular Colpodea tree. Very likely, this is caused by a fast radiation of Colpoda, several species of which then evolved independently, forming new genera and families. Cyrtolophosis minor, which belongs to the molecular Pseudocyrtolophosis clade, is referred to a new genus, Apocyrtolophosis nov. gen., characterized by a comparably large, deltoid oral opening, an unciliated posterior region, and the absence of an oblique kinety in the left oral polykinetid. Bryometopus triquetrus does not erase the paraphyly of its genus. Platyophrya vorax, P. spumacola, and P. bromelicola form a highly supported clade in the order Platyophryida. Platyophryides and Ottowphrya are close genetically but differ in the silverline pattern (colpodid vs. platyophryid).
authors.affiliation: Universität Salzburg, FB Organismische Biologie, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. Electronic address: wilhelm.foissner@sbg.ac.at.
authors.forename: Wilhelm
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Foissner
authors.affiliation: Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, ID 83725-1515, USA.
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Bourland
authors.affiliation: University of the West Indies, Electron Microscopy Unit, Kingston, Jamaica.
authors.forename: Klaus W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.affiliation: Universität Kaiserslautern, FB Biologie, Erwin-Schrödingerstrasse 14, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stoeck
authors.affiliation: Universität Kaiserslautern, FB Biologie, Erwin-Schrödingerstrasse 14, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: Micah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dunthorn
mesh_terms: D016798:Ciliophora / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012987:Soil / Q000469:parasitology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012987:Soil
keywords: Colpoda; Cyrtolophosis minor; Jaroschia sumptuosa; Kalometopia duplicata; Soil ciliates; Tank bromeliad ciliates