title: Increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriatic arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The increased incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has been reported previously. We aimed to evaluate the presence of metabolic syndrome and to assess the insulin resistance associated with chronic inflammation in patients with PsA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-nine (34 females, 25 males) consecutive PsA patients were enrolled in this study. The control group consisted of 82 (46 females, 36 males) healthy volunteers. All subjects were questioned about criteria of National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and also the modified World Health Organization (WHO) definition. Disease activity, damage, and functional activity were assessed by using functional indices [Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28), The Multi-Dimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire-function (MDHAQ-function), The Multi-Dimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire-Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data scores (MDHAQ-RAPID-3)]. Fasting blood samples were collected for complete biochemical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the NCEP criteria, 21 (35.5%) of PsA patients and 12 (14.6%) of healthy controls were classified as having metabolic syndrome (P=0.004). According to the NCEP criteria, hypertension and hyperglycemia were more common in the PsA group than the healthy controls (P=0.000 and P=0.043, respectively). According to the WHO criteria, 14 (23.7%) of the patients and 14 (17%) of the healthy controls had metabolic syndrome (P=0.328). No correlation was observed between functional indices and cardiovascular risks factors that were among the metabolic syndrome components.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated an increase in the frequency of metabolic syndrome, which is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis in patients with PsA. Patients with PsA should be closely followed in terms of cardiovascular events, and aggressive treatment should be performed for both cardiovascular risk factors and the disease itself.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Rheumatology, Fatih University Sema Hospital , Istanbul, Turkey .
authors.forename: Seval
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pehlevan
authors.forename: Demet Ozgil
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Yetkin
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bahadır
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Goktay
authors.forename: Yekta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pehlevan
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kayatas
authors.forename: Nurhan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ince
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015535:Arthritis, Psoriatic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin