title: Identification of high responders for interleukin-6 and creatine kinase following acute eccentric resistance exercise in elderly obese women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Resistance exercise is used as a non-pharmacological tool to elicit both gains in and maintenance of physical function in the elderly. Thus, the present study examined the acute response of creatine kinase and interleukin-6 following an eccentric resistance exercise session in elderly obese women classified as high responders or normal responders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional field study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety elderly obese women (69.4 ± 6.01 years) were tested for a 10 repetition maximum on the leg extension exercise and then completed an acute eccentric resistance exercise session consisting of seven sets of 10 repetitions at 110% of 10 repetition maximum with a rest of 3 min between sets. Subjects were divided into normal response or high response on the basis of the peak serum interleukin-6 (NR = 59 and HR = 7) and creatine kinase (NR = 81 and HR = 9) concentration being greater than (HR) or less than (NR) the 90th percentile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Creatine kinase was higher at 0 h, 3h, 24h and 48 h following the ERE for the HR group. The peak creatine kinase was significantly higher in HR group versus the normal response group. The average increase in the serum interleukin-6 Δ for the HR group (∼ 850%) was significantly higher versus the normal response group (∼ 55%). Serum interleukin-6 was significantly higher at 0 h and 24h following eccentric resistance exercise only for the high response group, while peak levels were significantly higher in high response group versus the normal response group (p ≤ 0.005). Only one subject met the criteria to be classified as high response for both creatine kinase and interleukin-6 responsiveness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elderly individuals classified as high response experienced greater creatine kinase and interleukin-6 responses to ERE. Thus, a prudent approach for eccentric resistance exercise prescription might be programming additional recovery days and/or lower intensity training, especially in the beginning stages of a program.
authors.affiliation: Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vitor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tajra
authors.affiliation: Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ramires Alsamir
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Tibana
authors.affiliation: Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Denis Cesar Leite
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Darlan Lopes
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: de Farias
authors.affiliation: Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiane Gomes
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: University of Brasilia (UnB), Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana Schwerz
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Funghetto
authors.affiliation: Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandro Oliveira
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: University of Sao Paulo, Graduation Program Interunits in Bioengineering, Sao Carlos, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nuno Manuel Frade
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.affiliation: Kinesiology and Sports Studies Department, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Willardson
authors.affiliation: University of Brasilia (UnB), Brasilia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Margô Gomes Oliveira
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Karnikowski
authors.affiliation: Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil. Electronic address: jonatop@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jonato
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prestes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D055070:Resistance Training
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D003402:Creatine Kinase
keywords: Aging; Blood markers; Eccentric muscle actions; Muscle damage; Recovery