title: Qualitative and quantitative variables that affect the potency of Fc- mediated effector function in vitro and in vivo: considerations for passive immunization using non-neutralizing antibodies.
abstract: Passive immunization studies in non-human primates have established unequivocally that virus neutralization can prevent infection, providing the impetus for current intense efforts to identify immunogens that elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies in humans. Although Fc-mediated effector function may also contribute to protection by neutralizing antibodies, its role in protection by non-neutralizing antibodies is controversial. Here, I review the literature suggesting a role for Fc-mediated effector by non-neutralizing antibodies in protective immunity against HIV-1 with a primary focus on antibody mediated cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and related responses such as antibody-dependent cellular viral inhibition (ADCVI). Special emphasis is placed on qualitative and quantitative variables including antibody specificity and dose-response behavior in vitro and in vivo, which I propose as key variables in future passive immunization studies. Properly configured, these studies should clarify the role of Fc-mediated effector function by nonneutralizing antibodies in protection against HIV-1.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Virology, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. glewis@ihv.umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: George K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity / Q000276:immunology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; D017452:Receptors, IgG