title: Outcomes of pregnancies in women with hysteroscopically placed micro-inserts in situ.
abstract: This was a retrospective review of all pregnancies reported after Essure in situ in the Netherlands. Pregnancies included those that were unintentional (resulting from lack of protocol adherence and/or misread confirmation tests) and those that were intentional (resulting from off-label use of Essure micro-inserts for hydrosalpinx closure before in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection with embryo transfer or in vitro fertilization with embryo transfer after regret of sterilization). The outcomes of 50 pregnancies in women with 1 or 2 micro-inserts in situ were evaluated. Eight unintended pregnancies and 18 intended pregnancies resulted in birth of a full-term healthy baby. Seven infants were delivered via cesarean-section. Two women delivered prematurely by C-section, (singleton after 34 weeks 1 day, twins after 35 weeks 3 days). All babies are healthy and without any congenital anomalies. There were 2 stillbirths after 20 weeks; however, it is unlikely that this was related to the presence of the micro-inserts. In conclusion, it is unlikely that the presence of intratubal micro-inserts interferes with implantation and the developing amniotic sac and fetus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands. Electronic address: s.veersema@antoniusziekenhuis.nl.
authors.forename: Sebastiaan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Veersema
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Velja
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mijatovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dreyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Helga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schoot
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Spaarne Hospital, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark Hans
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Emanuel
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hompes
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brölmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D056687:Off-Label Use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: Essure micro-inserts; Hydrosalpinges; Hysteroscopic sterilization; In vitro fertilization; Permanent birth control; Pregnancy outcomes; Unintended pregnancies