title: Kounis syndrome: inferior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction following a bumblebee sting.
abstract: The Kounis syndrome was first described in 1991 as'the allergic angina syndrome'which could progress to acute myocardial infarction which was named'allergic myocardial infarction. There are several causes underlying this syndrome including drugs, various conditions and a variety of environmental exposure factors such as animal stings. Hymenoptera stings can induce Kounis syndrome because hymenoptera venom contains allergenic proteins and peptides. The following case report describes a patient who experienced an anaphylactic shock associated with coronary artery ischaemia (inferior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) after a bumblebee sting.
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa Complessa, Dept. of Cardiology/Intensive Care Unit, La Memoria di Gavardo Hospital, Brescia, Italy. gregoriana.zanini@gmail.com
authors.forename: Gregoriana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zanini
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fontanella
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Racheli
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bortolotti
authors.forename: Gian Franco
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Pasini
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D001514:Bee Venoms / Q000276:immunology*; D001516:Bees; D002744:Chlorpheniramine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D056989:Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015607:Stents; D013577:Syndrome; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D001514:Bee Venoms; D002744:Chlorpheniramine; D006854:Hydrocortisone