title: Histochemical examination of cathepsin K, MMP1 and MMP2 in compressed periodontal ligament during orthodontic tooth movement in periostin deficient mice.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate immunolocalization of collagenolytic enzymes including cathepsin K, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1 and 2 in the compressed periodontal ligament (PDL) during orthodontic tooth movement using a periostin deficient (Pn-/-) mouse model. Twelve-week-old male mice homozygous for the disrupted periostin gene and their wild type (WT) littermates were used in these experiments. The tooth movement was performed according to Waldo's method, in which elastic bands of 0.5 mm thickness were inserted between the first and second upper molars of mice under anesthesia. At 1 and 3 days after orthodontic force application, mice were fixed with transcardial perfusion of 4 % paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), and the first molars and peripheral alveolar bones were extracted for histochemical analyses. Compared with WT mice, immunolocalization of cathepsin K, MMP1 and MMP2 was significantly decreased at 1 and 3 days after orthodontic tooth movement in the compressed PDL of Pn-/- mice, although MMP1-reactivity and MMP2-reactivity decreased at different amounts. Very little cathepsin K-immunoreactivity was observed in the assessed regions of Pn-/- mice, both before and after orthodontic force application. Furthermore, Pn-/- mice showed a much wider residual PDL than WT mice. Taken together, we concluded that periostin plays an essential role in the function of collagenolytic enzymes like cathepsin K, MMP1 and MMP2 in the compressed PDL after orthodontic force application.
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Department of Bone Metabolism, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 44-1, Jinan, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Shengyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Hongrui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Tomoka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hongo
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amizuka
authors.forename: Minqi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056657:Cathepsin K / Q000378:metabolism*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000172:deficiency*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C082838:Postn protein, mouse; D056657:Cathepsin K; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1