title: Antitumor activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from Enteromorpha intestinalis targeted against hepatoma through mitochondrial pathway.
abstract: A sulfated polysaccharide (EI-SP), extracted from Enteromorpha intestinalis that is a kind of algae, is found to have anticancer activity. This study was designed to investigate the anti-tumor effect of EI-SP on human hepatoma HepG2 cell line and its possible mechanisms. An MTT assay showed that EI-SP could specifically inhibit the growth of human hepatoma HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis by flow cytometry indicated that the apoptosis of tumor cells increased after treatment with EI-SP in range of 100-400 μg/ml. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that EI-SP treatment led to decreased protein expression of Bcl-2 and an increase in Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Moreover, it was found that EI-SP caused a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ m) and the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol. Collectively, our results showed that the EI-SP induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells involving a caspases-mediated mitochondrial signalling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hosptial, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
authors.forename: Xuxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jingjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhenxiong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shuguang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D044445:Ulva / Q000737:chemistry; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D020169:Caspases