title: Clinical management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in pregnant and postpartum women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma in pregnant and postpartum women.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study enrolled 27,230 pregnant women undergoing routine gestational examinations between August 1, 2007 and July 31, 2010 in the Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Colposcopy and cervical biopsy were performed for patients with abnormal Thin Prep® Papanicolaou test (TCT) results. Periodic colposcopy was performed every 8-12 weeks and cervical biopsy was performed if progression was suspected. Cervical cold knife conization was recommended to patients diagnosed with CINIII or microinvasive cervical carcinoma 6-12 weeks after delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2,260 patients had abnormal TCT results (8.12 %). Colposcopy and cervical biopsy were performed for 369 patients. Fifteen patients had microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma, 116 patients had cervicitis, and the number of CIN patients with histological grades I, II, and III were 124, 49, and 65, respectively. Tumor progression during pregnancy was found in 253 patients (CINI or above). Prognosis varied depending on the highest grade of pathological diagnosis results during pregnancy or initial pathological diagnosis results performed 6-12 weeks after delivery by cervical biopsy under colposcopy. Treatment and follow-up were carried out according to diagnoses, state of progression, and reversion (if any).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings underline a need for cervical lesion screening for all women during pregnancy, and colposcopy should be performed for pregnant women who have abnormal TCT results. Appropriate treatment and follow-up were recommended according to different diagnosis of CIN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China, wym597118@163.com.
authors.forename: Yu-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Wei-Min
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Wei-Yuan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003127:Colposcopy; D019092:Conization / Q000379:methods; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery