title: Dietary patterns and weight status associated with behavioural problems in young children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the associations of behavioural problems with dietary patterns and weight status in young children.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed poor social skills and behavioural problems with a seventy-six-item Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale (PKBS) and found three dietary patterns ('Korean healthy', 'animal foods' and 'sweets') in food/food group intake data assessed by an FFQ and analysed using factor analysis. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association of diet and weight status with behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre-schools in the metropolitan areas of Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1458 children (mean age 5·2 (sd 0·9) years) from the Practical Approach for Better Maternal and Child Nutrition and Health Study conducted from 2001 to 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 'Korean healthy' pattern showed a significant inverse association with poor social skills in the second highest quartile group (OR = 0·42; 95 % CI 0·21, 0·82) compared with the lowest quartile group for boys. For girls, the 'sweets' pattern was associated with a greater risk of poor social skills (OR = 3·41; 95 % CI 1·29, 9·01 at Q4 v. Q1) and problem behaviours (OR = 2·80; 95 % CI 1·05, 7·43 at Q4 v. Q1). Regarding weight status, both underweight and overweight boys had a higher risk of poor social skills than normal-weight boys.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary patterns and weight status are important indicators for the behaviour of young children. Healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns, underweight and overweight status, and gender differences should thus be considered for further studies.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Food and Nutrition,Research Institute of Human Ecology,Kyung Hee University,1 Hoigi-dong,Dongdaemun-gu,Seoul 130-701,Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Food and Nutrition,Research Institute of Human Ecology,Kyung Hee University,1 Hoigi-dong,Dongdaemun-gu,Seoul 130-701,Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyojin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management,Ewha Womans University,Seoul,Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Namsoo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: 3Department of Food and Nutrition,Hannam University,Daejeon,Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: 4Program of Women's Studies,Iona College,New Rochelle,NY,USA.
authors.forename: Jiyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: V Oh
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000032:analysis; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012919:Social Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D018977:Micronutrients