title: Geobacter sulfurreducens subsp. ethanolicus, subsp. nov., an ethanol-utilizing dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacterium from a lotus field.
abstract: An ethanol-utilizing Fe(III)-reducing bacterial strain, OSK2A(T), was isolated from a lotus field in Aichi, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of OSK2A(T) and related strains placed it within Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA(T). Strain OSK2A(T) was shown to be a Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, strictly anaerobic, 0.76-1.65 µm long and 0.28-0.45 μm wide. Its growth occurred at 20-40℃, pH 6.0-8.1, and it tolerated up to 1% NaCl. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.2 mol% and DNA-DNA hybridization value with Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA(T) was 60.7%. The major respiratory quinone was MK-8. The major fatty acids were 16：1 ω7c, 16：0, 14：0, 15：0 iso, 16：1 ω5c, and 18：1 ω7c. Strain OSK2A(T) could utilize H2, ethanol, acetate, lactate, pyruvate, and formate as substrates with Fe(III)-citrate as electron acceptor. Amorphous Fe(III) hydroxide, Fe(III)-NTA, fumarate, malate, and elemental sulfur were utilized as electron acceptors with either acetate or ethanol as substrates. Results obtained from physiological, DNA-DNA hybridization, and chemotaxonomic tests support genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain OSK2A(T) from its closest relative. The isolate is assigned as a novel subspecies with the name Geobacter sulfurreducens subsp. ethanolicus, subsp. nov. (type strain OSK2A(T)=DSMZ 26126(T)=JCM 18752(T)).
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University.
authors.forename: Samson
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Viulu
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshiyasu
authors.forename: Sakiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saitou
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takamizawa
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D045302:Geobacter / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007564:Japan; D000070116:Lotus / Q000254:growth & development; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010802:Phylogeny; D011809:Quinones / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D011809:Quinones; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D000431:Ethanol; D012965:Sodium Chloride