title: Translocation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus across an in vitro M cell model.
abstract: Consumption of Vibrio parahaemolyticus via contaminated shellfish results in inflammatory gastroenteritis characterised by severe diarrhoea, nausea and stomach cramps. This study investigated the translocation of V. parahaemolyticus across a Peyer's patch M cell-like Caco-2/Raji B co-culture model system, as M cells represent a primary site of infection for many pathogenic bacteria. Vibrio parahaemolyticus translocated across co-culture monolayers in higher numbers as compared to Caco-2 monolayers. Moreover, the bacteria induced a greater disruption of the transepithelial resistance in M cell-like co-cultures than in Caco-2 monocultures. Virulence factors associated with this pathogen include two type three secretion systems (TTSS-1 and TTSS-2). TTSS-1 had no effect on translocation efficiency, with TTSS-2 exhibiting a modest enhancing effect. ERK activity was required for optimal translocation 1 h postinfection, however, neither ERK nor the JNK and p38 MAPK were required at 2 h pi. Additionally, TER disruption in response to bacterial infection occurred independently of the TTSS and MAPK activation. It was concluded that V. parahaemolyticus causes TER disruption of M cell-like co-cultures and translocates in high numbers across the M cell-like co-culture monolayer. These data implicate M cells as important sites for V. parahaemolyticus invasion across the intestinal epithelium during infection.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Microbiology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Finn
authors.forename: Tauseef
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Eleanor T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Coffey
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Brayden
authors.forename: Alan W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: Aoife
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boyd
mesh_terms: D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000502:physiology*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000382:microbiology; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000382:microbiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D057705:Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D014736:Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D037521:Virulence Factors
chemical_list: D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems; D037521:Virulence Factors
keywords: MAPK; bacterial virulence; gastroenteritis; microbial pathogenesis