title: An evolving understanding of nuclear receptor coregulator proteins.
abstract: Nuclear receptors are transcription factors that regulate gene expression through the ligand-controlled recruitment of a diverse group of proteins known as coregulators. Most nuclear receptor coregulators function in large multi-protein complexes that modify chromatin and thereby regulate the transcription of target genes. Structural and functional studies are beginning to reveal how these complexes are assembled bringing together multiple functionalities that mediate: recruitment to specific genomic loci through interaction with transcription factors; recruitment of enzymatic activities that either modify or remodel chromatin and targeting the complexes to their chromatin substrate. These activities are regulated by post-translational modifications, alternative splicing and small signalling molecules. This review focuses on our current understanding of coregulator complexes and aims to highlight the common principles that are beginning to emerge.
authors.affiliation: Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Millard
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fairall
authors.forename: John W R
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Schwabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: chromatin; coactivators; coregulator complexes; corepressors; nuclear receptors; transcriptional regulation