title: The impact of immigration detention on the mental health of torture survivors is poorly documented--a systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Torture has enduring mental and physical health consequences for survivors. Detention of asylum seekers is an integrated part of the immigration systems in many countries. Among the asylum seekers are vulnerable groups such as survivors of torture and severely traumatized refugees. The aim of the present study is to review the scientific evidence on the mental health consequences of immigration detention for adult survivors of torture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The review was conducted according to a modified version of the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search was made in: PubMed (Medline), PsychINFO, PILOTS and IBSS, and reference lists were screened.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The search yielded 241 results and two records came from additional sources. A total of 15 studies were included. Merely two case studies focused on survivors of torture. Both reported severe effects of detention on the detainees' mental health. High levels of psychological problems were found in studies identifying torture survivors among the asylum seekers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impact of detention on the mental health of torture survivors is poorly documented, and the available data are insufficient to allow analysis of any specific effects. The studies do report severe mental health issues among detained torture survivors. In general, serious mental health problems are found among the detainees and formerly detained asylum seekers. Systematically identifying torture survivors and other vulnerable groups, and assessing and monitoring mental health issues is crucial. The health risks that detention may pose to the wellbeing of each individual should be carefully considered.
authors.affiliation: DIGNITY - Danish Institute Against Torture, Borgergade 13, PO Box 2107, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark. me@dadlnet.dk.
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Storm
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Engberg
mesh_terms: D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D006801:Humans; D008603:Mental Health; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology*; D012036:Refugees / Q000523:psychology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000209:etiology; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*; D014104:Torture / Q000523:psychology*