title: Effect of cigarette and cigar smoking on peak expiratory flow rate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tobacco smoking in India has been increasing alarmingly. Smoking is a known risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers, especially, the lung cancer. The percentage prevalence of cigarette smoking (18.5%) and cigar smoking (4%) in males is high in Andhra Pradesh compared to other southern states. There is not enough scientific literature to correlate about intensity of cigarette and cigar smoking and their impact on lung function though high prevalence is reported in Andhra Pradesh, India.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine whether PEFR differs between cigarette and cigar smokers compared to non-smokers and also to estimate the intensity of cigarette and cigar smoking on PEFR.
  
  
  METHODS
  PEFR was recorded in cigarette smokers (n=49) and cigar smokers (n=10) as well as in non-smokers (n=64) using Wright's mini Peak Flow Meter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PEFR is decreased in both cigarette as well in cigar smokers compared to non-smokers and the magnitude of decline was higher in cigar smoking elderly individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intensity of cigarette and cigar smoking (pack-years) emerged as the main variable to influence airway obstruction in smokers that caused greater reduction in PEFR.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute , Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors.forename: Tambi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Medabala
authors.forename: Rao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: B N
authors.forename: Glad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mohesh M I
authors.forename: Praveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar M
keywords: Cigar smoking; Cigarette smoking; PEFR