title: Role of C596 in the C-terminal extension of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein in replication and pathogenicity of a highly virulent Indonesian strain of Newcastle disease virus.
abstract: We modified the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein of the virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain Banjarmasin/010/10 (Ban/010) by adding C-terminal extensions similar to those found in certain avirulent NDV strains. Extension of the 571 aa wt Ban/010 HN protein to 577 and 616 aa by removal of one or two translational stop codons moderately reduced HN function and viral pathogenicity in 1-day-old and 3-week-old chickens. Substantially greater reductions were achieved by altering the 616 aa form by introducing a R596C mutation or by replacing the C-terminal extension with that of avirulent strain Ulster, which naturally contains the amino acid 596C. These results showed that extension of the C terminus of HN reduces NDV pathogenicity, and that this effect is substantially increased by the presence of 596C. These results indicate that this attenuating mechanism in avirulent strains such as Ulster can be applied directly to a highly virulent strain recently in circulation.
authors.affiliation: Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Shin-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Sa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Anandan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paldurai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Siba K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Samal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D015707:HN Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000473:pathology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019562:Viral Load; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014774:Virulence; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015707:HN Protein; D050505:Mutant Proteins