title: Effect of Kampo medicine "Dai-kenchu-to" on microbiome in the intestine of the rats with fast stress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diversity of gut microbiome has been recently reported to be lost in inflammatory bowel disease. We have previously reported that the Dai-kenchu-to (DKT) prevented the bacterial translocation through suppression of cytokine and apoptosis in rat's fast stress model. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of DKT on maintenance of microbial diversity in rat's intestine with inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wister rats were received the fast stress for 5 days. In DKT group, rats were administered with DKT (300 mg/kg/day) during the fast stress (DKT-group). The gut microbiomes were analyzed at before- and after- fast stress, and the effect of DKT for on microbial diversities of the gut were evaluated by the PCR-clone library method targeting the 16 S ribosomal RNA gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Control-group, Erysipelotrichaceae increased to 86% in after fast stress, OTU of before-fast stress was 111 and after fast stress was only 9 (changing rate: 58%). The diversity of microbiome was severely decreased. On the other hand, in DKT-group, diversity of microbiome was kept after fast stress (Lachnospiraceae: Ruminococcaceae: Coriobacteriales 54%, 22%, 5%), Operational taxonomic units of before fast stress was 52 and after fast stress was 55 (changing rate: 6%). Family Lachnospiraceae which includes butyrate-producing Clostridia (Clostridium IV and XIVa).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DKT prevented the reduction of diversity of microbiome in rat's fast stress model. Our data suggested the new anti-inflammatory mechanism of DKT through gut microbiome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School.
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwahara
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyatani
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Higashijima
authors.forename: Hideya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kashihara
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Takasu
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Haruyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakayama-Imaohji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D020835:Medicine, Kampo; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D005894:Panax; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D032106:Zanthoxylum; D030521:Zingiberaceae
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; C121414:dai-kenchu-to