title: High-resolution magnetic resonance neurography in upper extremity neuropathy.
abstract: The most common sites of nerve entrapment are in the upper extremity, commonly diagnosed based on clinical findings and electrophysiologic studies. Cross-sectional imaging modalities, such as ultrasonography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, have been used to enhance diagnostic accuracy and provide anatomic mapping of abnormalities. MR neurography offers multiplanar high-resolution imaging of upper extremity nerves as well as adjacent soft tissues, and provides an objective assessment of the neuromuscular anatomy and related abnormalities. This article reviews the normal 3-T MR neurographic appearance of the upper extremity nerves, and abnormal findings related to injury, entrapment, and other pathologic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chalian
authors.forename: Ashkan Heshmatzadeh
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Behzadi
authors.forename: Eric H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Jaimie T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Shores
authors.forename: Avneesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chhabra
mesh_terms: D001134:Arm Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000473:pathology*; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Entrapment neuropathy; Injury; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic resonance neurography; Neurography; Upper extremity