title: Genetics of esterase isoenzymes in Malus.
abstract: Three main zones of esterase activity (EST-I, EST-III, EST-IV) identified in leaf extracts of cultivated apple and Malus species were determined by the genes EST-1, EST-3 and EST-4, respectively. In addition to earlier reported alleles of EST-1 (a, b) three further bands c, d and f were identified in the EST-I zone of which c was found to be determined by an allele, c. Two alleles, a, b, and a null allele were found for both the genes EST-3 and EST-4. Differences in allelic frequency were observed between cultivars, rootstocks and Malus species. Allele EST-1a was rare amongst the rootstocks. The examination of Malus species and derivatives showed a geographical relationship. Allele EST-1c was confined to species of Asian origin, and EST-1d was confined to American species.
authors.affiliation: Horticulture Research International, East Mailing, ME19 6BJ, West Mailing, Kent, UK.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Manganaris
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Alston