title: Metabolic control and chronic complications during a 3-year follow-up period in a cohort of type 2 diabetic patients attended in primary care in the Community of Madrid (Spain).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our aim was to analyze both metabolic control and chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients regularly attended in primary care during a 3 years of follow-up in the Community of Madrid (Spain).
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2007 to 2010 we prospectively included 3268 patients with T2D attended by 153 primary care physicians from 51 family health centers. An prospective cohort study with annual evaluation over 3 years to the same population was performed. We measured the goals of control in diabetic patients and the incidence of chronic complications of diabetes during the study period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant decrease in serum glucose levels (143±42mg/dl vs 137±43mg/dl, p<0.00), HbA1c (7.09±1.2% vs 7.02±1.2%, p<0.00), total cholesterol (191.4±38mg/dl vs 181.5±36mg/dl, p<0.00), LDL cholesterol (114.7±31mg/dl vs 105.5±30mg/dl, p<0.00) and triglyceride levels (144.5±93mg/dl vs 138±84mg/dl, p<0.00) during study period was documented. On the contrary, a significant elevation in HDL cholesterol levels was observed (49.2±14mg/dl vs 49.9±16mg/dl, p<0.00). The incidence of diabetic complications throughout the study period was low, with a incidence of coronary heart disease of 6.2%, peripheral arterial disease 3%, ischemic stroke 2.8%, diabetic foot 11.2%, nephropathy 5.9%, retinopathy 4.5%, and neuropathy 3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolic control in T2D patients attended in primary care in the Community of Madrid throughout 3 years is adequate and is accompanied by low percent of chronic diabetic complications during this period of follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: farrietab.hrc@salud.madrid.org.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arrieta
authors.affiliation: Medicina de Familia, Centros de Salud, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Marbella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piñera
authors.affiliation: Unit of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Iglesias
authors.affiliation: Medicina de Familia, Centros de Salud, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nogales
authors.affiliation: Fundación de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Carlos III, Servicio Madrileño de Salud, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Salinero-Fort
authors.affiliation: Gerencia de Investigación y Docencia Atención Primaria, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Abanades
authors.affiliation: Unit of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José Ignacio
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Botella-Carretero
authors.affiliation: Unit of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calañas
authors.affiliation: Unit of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Balsa
authors.affiliation: Unit of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zamarrón
authors.affiliation: Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Capio, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Adela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rovira
authors.affiliation: Unit of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Clotilde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vázquez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012494:Sampling Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Atención primaria; Chronic complications; Complicaciones crónicas; Control metabólico; Diabetes tipo 2; Incidence; Incidencia; Metabolic control; Primary care; Type 2 diabetes