title: Global search for right cell type as a treatment modality for cardiovascular disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute myocardial infarction is the primary cause of heart disease-related death in the world. Reperfusion therapy is currently the backbone of treatment for acute myocardial infarction albeit with many limitations. With the emergence of stem cells as potential therapeutic agents, attempts in using them to enhance cardiac function have increased exponentially. However, it has its own disadvantages, and we postulate that the primary drawback is choosing the right cell type and solving this may significantly contribute to ambitious goal of using stem cells in the regeneration medicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  This article discusses several types of stem cells that have been proven to be likely candidates for treating cardiovascular diseases and their uses up to date, focusing on their biological characterization and potential usage in preclinical and clinical work.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The research on cell therapies for cardiovascular disease is promising, but there is still much uncertainty surrounding the efficacy of these cells in clinical settings. With a wide range of cells available as potential treatment for cardiovascular diseases, one should avoid from being overzealous and extrapolating when reporting their data. Future studies should focus more in understanding the biological functions of the available cells lines.
authors.affiliation: University of Malaya, Department of Children Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sabri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Musa
authors.forename: Loo Zhang
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Vijayendran
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Govindasamy
authors.forename: Foo Wei
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Fuen
authors.forename: Noor Hayaty Abu
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kasim
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D000818:Animals; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012038:Regeneration; D016896:Treatment Outcome