title: Potential biomarkers in the sera of breast cancer patients from bahawalpur, pakistan.
abstract: Most of the approximately 90,000 cases of Breast Cancer (BC) documented annually in Pakistan are not diagnosed properly because of lack of suitable markers. We performed serum proteome expression profiling of BC and benign breast disease (BBD) patients with the aim to identify biomarkers that can be helpful for diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Sera of patients were analyzed by one-dimensional SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Differentially expressed proteins were subjected to identification through LC-MS/MS analysis. In majority of the BC cases some acute phase proteins (APP) and some complement system components (C3 and C8) containing fractions were up-regulated with the exception of transthyretin (TTR) which was predominantly (68.75%) down-regulated (n = 33/48) in the sera of these patients. Varying expression patterns were observed in BBD patients and healthy controls. These differentially expressed proteins have the potential to serve as diagnostic biomarkers for BC as well as benign breast diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. ; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Faiz-Ul-Hassan
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Nasim
authors.forename: Samina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ejaz
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashraf
authors.forename: Abdul Rehman
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Asif
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oellerich
authors.forename: Gulzar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Gulzar Ahmad
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.lastname: Attiq-Ur-Rehman
keywords: acute phase proteins (APPs); apolipoprotein A1 (apoA-1); biomarker; breast cancer (BC); haptoglobin (Hp); inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4); serum amyloid A (SAA); transthyretin (TTR)