title: Antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Cyclocarya paliurus leaves in type 2 diabetic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyclocarya paliurus (CP) Batal., the sole species in its genus and native to China, is a herbal tea, which has been traditionally used in the folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes and hyperlipidemia in China. To evaluate the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts from CP in high fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Type 2 diabetes was induced in 140 rats by feeding with HFD and high sugar water for 6 weeks and single injection of STZ (30mg/kg, intraperitoneally). CP ethanol extract (CPEE) and aqueous extract (CPAE) at three doses at 2, 4 and 8 g/kg/day were orally administered once daily for four weeks. Blood glucose, serum insulin, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), free fatty acid (FFA), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA) and glycated serum protein (GSP) were examined. The content of total flavonoids and polysaccharides in CPEE and CPAE were assayed by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both CPEE and CPAE increased OGTT, ITT, HDL-C, SOD and GSH-Px, while they decreased FFA, TC, TG, LDL-C, MDA, BUN, CREA and GSP. The amount of total flavonoids was found in CPEE (30.41 mg/g extract), followed by CPAE (6.75 mg/g extract). Similarly, the polysaccharides content (4.13 mg/g extract) was observed in CPAE, while absent in CPEE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that CPEE and CPAE exhibited the similar antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects in type 2 diabetic rats, and there were no significant differences between these two extracts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 100, Shizi Street, Hongshan Road, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Qingqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Cuihua
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Shengzuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Junhu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Xulan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Yicheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Zhiqi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D029525:Juglandaceae; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antihyperglycemic; Antihyperlipidemic; Antioxidant; Cyclocarya paliurus; Type 2 diabetes