title: Fiber intake and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: This systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) aimed to analyze the effect of fiber intake on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Databases were searched up to November 2012 using the following medical subject headings: diabetes, fiber, and randomized controlled trial. Absolute changes in glycated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose were reported as differences between baseline and end-of-study measures. Pooled estimates were obtained using random-effects models. Of the 22,046 articles initially identified, 11 (13 comparisons; range of duration, 8-24 weeks) fulfilled the inclusion criteria, providing data from 605 patients. High-fiber diets, including diets with foods rich in fiber (up to 42.5 g/day; four studies) or supplements containing soluble fiber (up to 15.0 g/day; nine studies), reduced absolute values of glycated hemoglobin by 0.55% (95% CI -0.96 to -0.13) and fasting plasma glucose by 9.97 mg/dL (95% CI -18.16 to -1.78). In conclusion, increased fiber intake improved glycemic control, indicating it should be considered as an adjunctive tool in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Caroline K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Jussara C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Thais
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steemburgo
authors.forename: Jorge Luiz
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Mirela J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Azevedo
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin
keywords: dietary fiber; glycated hemoglobin; meta-analysis; type 2 diabetes mellitus