title: A portable hydro-thermo-mechanical loading cell for in situ small angle neutron scattering studies of proton exchange membranes.
abstract: A portable hydro-thermo-mechanical loading cell has been designed to enable in situ small angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) under immersed tensile loadings at different temperatures. The cell consists of three main parts as follows: a letter-paper-size motor-driven mechanical load frame, a SANS friendly reservoir that provides stable immersed and thermal sample conditions, and a data acquisition and control system. The ex situ tensile tests of Nafion 212 membranes demonstrated a satisfactory thermo-mechanical testing performance of the cell for either dry or immersed conditions at elevated temperatures. The in situ SANS tensile measurements on the Nafion 212 membranes immersed in D2O at 70 °C proved the feasibility and capability of the cell for small angle scattering study on deformation behaviors of PEM and other polymer materials under hydro-thermo-mechanical loading.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Dunji
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Carrie Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen