title: Comparison of right ventricular measurements and SFRV in fetuses with and without tricuspid regurgitation at 11+0 and 13+6 weeks' gestation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare right ventricular dimensions and systolic shortening fraction of the right ventricle (SFRV) in fetuses with tricuspid regurgitation (TR [+]) to those without tricuspid regurgitation (TR [-]).
  
  
  METHODS
  Unselected patients presenting for first trimester screening between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 weeks' gestation were examined for the presence or absence of fetal tricuspid regurgitation using a standard approach. Only euploid fetuses without structural anomalies were included in the study. The heart was examined with the aid of M-mode using a previously described method. The right ventricular diastolic diameter (RVDD) and right ventricular systolic diameter (RVSD) were measured on stored M-mode images and the SFRV was calculated using the following formula [(RVDD-RVSD)/RVDD] × 100.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 69 fetuses (n = 44 (TR [-]); n = 25 (TR [+])) were examined. The two groups were similar in maternal age, gestational age and nuchal translucency (NT) measurements. The SFRV was noted not to change with gestational age and there was no statistical difference between the two groups. Both the RVDD and the RVSD increased with gestational age. The calculated delta RVDD was statistically larger in the TR [+] group (mean: 0.29, CI 95%: 0.054-0.532) than the TR [-] group (mean: 0.013, CI 95%: -0.128 to 0.154) (p < 0.05). This was not true for the delta RVSD: TR [+] (mean: 0.17, CI 95%: 0.015-0.325) versus TR [-] group (mean: 0.035, CI 95%: -0.061 to 0.131). However, there was a trend towards larger RVSD in the TR [+] group (p = 0.13).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of TR appears to be associated with an increased RVDD in normal fetuses between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 weeks' gestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fetal Medicine Centre, First Medical Faculty and General University Hospital, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic .
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brestak
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calda
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sonek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: First trimester; size of the right cardiac ventricle; tricuspid regurgitation