title: Pharmacometabolomics: implications for clinical pharmacology and systems pharmacology.
abstract: Metabolomics, the study of metabolism at an "omic" level, has the potential to transform our understanding of mechanisms of drug action and the molecular basis for variation in drug response. It is now possible to define metabolic signatures of drug exposure that can identify pathways involved in both drug efficacy and adverse drug reactions. In addition, the "metabotype," the metabolic "signature" of a patient, is a unique identity that contains information about drug response and disease heterogeneity. The application of metabolomics for the study of drug effects and variation in drug response is creating "pharmacometabolomics," a discipline that will contribute to personalized drug therapy and will complement pharmacogenomics by capturing environmental and microbiome-level influences on response to drug therapy. This field has the potential to transform pharmacology and clinical pharmacology in significant ways and will contribute to efforts for personalized therapy. This overview highlights developments in the new discipline of pharmacometabolomics.
authors.affiliation: 1] Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA [2] Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA [3] Institute of Genome Science and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaddurah-Daouk
authors.affiliation: 1] Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA [2] Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Weinshilboum
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000379:methods; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D064307:Microbiota / Q000187:drug effects; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D010601:Pharmacology, Clinical / Q000379:methods*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D049490:Systems Biology / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000082:Acetaminophen; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors