title: A lethal case of influenza and type 5 cardiorenal syndrome.
abstract: Interactions between the heart and kidneys have been labeled as the cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Type-5 CRS describes a disease that simultaneously damages both organs. With severe infection, systemic inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and IL-1β) cause wide-spread endothelial dysfunction, cellular apoptosis, and depressed organ function. Impaired myocardial function promotes worsening renal function and vice versa, leading to a dangerous positive feedback loop. Influenza viruses cause both myocardial and kidney injury, presumably through an immune-mediated mechanism. Herein we present a lethal case of influenza, resulting in acute type V cardiorenal syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Providence Hospitals and Medical Centers, Southfield, Mich., USA.
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kinni
authors.forename: Jeffery
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zaks
authors.forename: Shukri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McCullough
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059347:Cardio-Renal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004452:Echocardiography; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed