title: Comparative study by computed radiography, histology, and scanning electron microscopy of the articular cartilage of normal goats and in chronic infection with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus.
abstract: In the northeast of Brazil, caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) is one of the key reasons for herd productivity decreasing that result in considerable economic losses. A comparative study was carried out using computed radiography (CR), histological analysis (HA), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) of the joints of CAE infected and normal goats. Humerus head surface of positive animals presented reduced joint space, increased bone density, and signs of degenerative joint disease (DJD). The carpal joint presented no morphological alterations in CR in any of the animals studied. Tarsus joint was the most affected, characterized by severe DJD, absence of joint space, increased periarticular soft tissue density, edema, and bone sclerosis. Histological analysis showed chronic tissue lesions, complete loss of the surface zone, absence of proteoglycans in the transition and radial zones and destruction of the cartilage surface in the CAE positive animals. Analysis by SEM showed ulcerated lesions with irregular and folded patterns on the joint surface that distinguished the limits between areas of normal and affected cartilage. The morphological study of the joints of normal and CAE positive goats deepened understanding of the alteration in the tissue bioarchitecture of the most affected joints. The SEM finding sustained previous histological reports, similar to those found for rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting that the goat infected with CAE can be considered as a potential model for research in this area.
authors.affiliation: Animal Science Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Videlina Rodrigues
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: das Chagas Araújo Sousa
authors.forename: Osmar Ferreira
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: da Silva Filho
authors.forename: Rose Eli
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Grassi Rici
authors.forename: Anaemilia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: das Neves Diniz
authors.forename: Laécio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: da Silva Moura
authors.forename: Jacyara
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Jesus Rosa Pereira Alves
authors.forename: Antônio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Sousa Júnior
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Angélica Miglino
authors.forename: João Macedo
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Jesus Moraes Junior
authors.forename: Flávio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ribeiro Alves
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D016088:Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine / Q000502:physiology*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D006041:Goats; D006653:Histology; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011859:Radiography
keywords: Arthritis; DJD; caprine; inflammatory joint disease; lentivirus