title: French school of neurology in the 19th and first half of the 20th century, and its influence in Brazil.
abstract: French medicine was of the utmost importance for the birth of modern medicine and neurology in the 19th century. Innovative approaches, such as examination at the bedside, the use of the stethoscope, techniques of auscultation, palpation, and close patient examination, besides emphasis on anatomical-clinical correlation and observation of the outcome of the disease, were put into practice. French medicine offered professional training and incentives for the beginnings of Brazilian neurology and psychiatry. Returning from France, many Brazilian physicians implemented what they had learned, mainly in Paris. The most important pupils of the French neurology schools in Brazil during the 19th century and first half of the 20th century include names like Antonio Austregesilo, Aloysio de Castro, Enjolras Vampré, and Deolindo Couto, founders of the leading Brazilian neurological schools, directly influenced by Dejerine, Pierre Marie, Guillain and Babinski.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurology Deolindo Couto, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JaneiroRJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marleide da Mota
authors.initials: Mda M
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: José Luiz de Sá
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cavalcanti
authors.forename: Eliasz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D005602:France; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D009462:Neurology / Q000266:history*; D012577:Schools, Medical / Q000266:history*