title: Carotenoid composition of berries and leaves from six Romanian sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) varieties.
abstract: Berries and leaves from six varieties of Carpathians' sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L., ssp. Carpatica) were analysed for their carotenoid composition (free and esterified) using a combination of HPLC-PAD, GC-MS and UHPLC-PAD-ESI-MS techniques. GC-MS techniques revealed the fatty acid profile specific for each berry variety, while targeted UHPLC-MS analysis identified the fatty acids involved in carotenoids esterification: palmitic (C16:0), myristic (C14:0) and stearic (C18:0). Total carotenoid content varied between 53 and 97 mg/100g dry weight in berries, and between 3.5 and 4.2mg/100g DW in leaves. The carotenoid di-esters represented the main fraction among berry varieties having zeaxanthin di-palmitate as major compound, while leaves contained only free carotenoids like lutein, β-carotene, violaxanthin and neoxanthin. Principal component analysis identified the suitable carotenoid biomarkers characteristic for the Carpathians' sea buckthorn from Romania with contribution to their taxonomic classification and authenticity recognition.
authors.affiliation: University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăştur Street, 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Raluca Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pop
authors.forename: Yannick
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Weesepoel
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Socaciu
authors.forename: Adela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pintea
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vincken
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gruppen
mesh_terms: D002338:Carotenoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D031281:Hippophae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D012383:Romania
chemical_list: D002338:Carotenoids
keywords: Carotenoid esters; Chemotaxonomic classification; Chlorophylls; Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; Principal component analysis