title: Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Germany are more overweight than healthy controls: results comparing DPV database and CrescNet database.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the development of weight in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Germany.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the body mass index (BMI) of the most recent treatment year of each patient with diabetes in the Pediatric Quality Initiative (DPV) database. BMI SD score (SDS) was calculated based on pooled historical German normative data (AGA) and based on healthy children from the CrescNet database. Thus, 25,762 children and adolescents with diabetes were compared with more than 75,000 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMI-SDS was 0.49±0.88 and 0.26±0.79 when children and adolescents, respectively, with diabetes were compared with AGA reference or with CrescNet controls from the same year. In both analyses, female patients (0.57±0.89 and 0.30±0.79) had significantly higher BMI-SDS than male patients (0.41±0.86 and 0.22±0.78; p<0.0001). Analysis of different age groups showed highest BMI-SDS in patients below 6 years (0.61 and 0.56, respectively). After adjustment for metabolic control, center, and insulin treatment, BMI-SDS was significantly influenced by diabetes duration, age, and female gender.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMI of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes is higher compared with healthy children measured in the same year. Especially, very young children and adolescent girls are at risk for overweight independent of annual trends.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kapellen
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gausche
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dost
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wiegand
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flechtner-Mors
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Wieland
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kiess
authors.forename: Reinhard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Holl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003628:Database Management Systems; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications*