title: Bleeding in the subarachnoid space: a possible complication during laser therapy for equine progressive ethmoid haematoma.
abstract: A 10-year-old KWPN (Royal Warmblood Studbook of the Netherlands) gelding was euthanized after developing severe neurological symptoms preceded by severe epistaxis during laser treatment for progressive ethmoid haematoma (PEH) in the right nasal cavity. Postmortem examination of the head revealed a large amount of clotted blood between the right ventral and dorsal conchae in the nasal cavity and acute haemorrhage in the right subarachnoid space. Histologically, there was moderate, acute polioencephalomalacia in the neuropil adjacent to the haemorrhage. The haemorrhages were most likely caused by the laser treatment and therefore should be considered a possible complication that could lead to severe peracute neurological symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1 P.O. Box 80.154, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands. s.vreman@uu.nl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vreman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wiemer
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Keesler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000601:surgery*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006406:Hematoma / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006736:Horses; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D013346:Subarachnoid Space / Q000601:surgery