title: Transcriptional profiling of left ventricle and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a rat model of postinfarction heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Myocardial infarction (MI) often results in left ventricular (LV) remodeling followed by heart failure (HF). It is of great clinical importance to understand the molecular mechanisms that trigger transition from compensated LV injury to HF and to identify relevant diagnostic biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate gene expression in the LV and to evaluate their reflection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  MI was induced in rats by ligation of the proximal left coronary artery. Rats with small, moderate, and large MI size were included into the experiment two months after the operation. The development of heart failure was estimated by echocardiography and catheterization. Microarrays were used to compare the LV and PBMCs transcriptomes of control and experimental animals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only rats with a large MI developed extensive LV remodeling and heart failure. 840 transcripts were altered in LV of failing hearts, and especially numerous were those associated with the extracellular matrix. In contrast, no significant gene expression changes were seen in LVs of rats with moderate or small MI that had compensated LV injury. We showed that ceruloplasmin was similarly overexpressed in the heart and blood in response to HF, whereas downregulation of tetraspanin 12 was significant only in the PBMCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large size of infarcted area is critical for progression of LV remodeling and HF development, associated with altered gene expression in the heart. Ceruloplasmin and tetraspanin 12 are potential convenient markers in readily obtainable PBMCs.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tulacz
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mackiewicz
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maczewski
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maciejak
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland. mgora@ibb.waw.pl.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gora
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Burzynska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014158:Transcription, Genetic