title: A comprehensive promoter landscape identifies a novel promoter for CD133 in restricted tissues, cancers, and stem cells.
abstract: PROM1 is the gene encoding prominin-1 or CD133, an important cell surface marker for the isolation of both normal and cancer stem cells. PROM1 transcripts initiate at a range of transcription start sites (TSS) associated with distinct tissue and cancer expression profiles. Using high resolution Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE) sequencing we characterize TSS utilization across a broad range of normal and developmental tissues. We identify a novel proximal promoter (P6) within CD133(+) melanoma cell lines and stem cells. Additional exon array sampling finds P6 to be active in populations enriched for mesenchyme, neural stem cells and within CD133(+) enriched Ewing sarcomas. The P6 promoter is enriched with respect to previously characterized PROM1 promoters for a HMGI/Y (HMGA1) family transcription factor binding site motif and exhibits different epigenetic modifications relative to the canonical promoter region of PROM1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Ramakrishna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sompallae
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Maher
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gedye
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Behren
authors.forename: Morana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vitezic
authors.forename: Carsten O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Daub
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Devalle
authors.forename: Otavia L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carninci
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashizaki
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Lawlor
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cebon
authors.forename: Winston
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hide
keywords: AC133 antigen; PROM1 protein; cancer stem cells; genetic; human; melanoma; promoter regions; transcription start site