title: Development and validation of method for heterocyclic compounds in wine: optimization of HS-SPME conditions applying a response surface methodology.
abstract: Considering the importance of the heterocyclic compounds in terms of wine flavor, this study aims to propose a new rapid and solvent free method to quantify different classes of heterocyclic compounds, such as furans, thiophenes, thiazols and pyrazines, which are products of the Maillard reaction, in wines. The use of a central composite design and the response surface methodology to determine the best conditions allows the optimum combination of analytical variables (pH, NaCl and extraction time) to be identified. The validation was carried out using several types of wine as matrices. The method shows satisfactory repeatability (2.7%<RSD<12%), reproducibility (2.8%<RSD<12%), accuracy and specificity. The optimized method was applied to 29 French wines and significant concentrations of the different heterocyclic compounds were determined, mainly for red wines.
authors.affiliation: Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Oenologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, ISVV, USC 3666 oenologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos CAL/CCA, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rod. Admar Gonzaga, 1346, Itacorubi, CEP 88034-001 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Electronic address: viburin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Vívian Maria
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Burin
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marchand
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Revel
authors.forename: Marilde T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bordignon-Luiz
mesh_terms: D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005663:Furans / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D013696:Temperature; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000032:analysis*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000032:analysis*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005663:Furans; D011719:Pyrazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D013876:Thiophenes
keywords: HS-SPME optimization; Heterocyclic compounds; Method validation; Response surface methodology; Wine