title: Repeatability of electromyographic waveforms during the naeryo chagi in taekwondo.
abstract: The purpose of the research was to study the repeatability of electromyographic (EMG) waveforms of major lower limb muscles during the naeryo chagi (axe kick) in taekwondo. Six male and female athletes, aged between 20 and 24 years served as volunteers. All participants were black belt holders and performed the naeryo chagi with their right leg. The electromyographic activity of rectus femoris, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius lateralis and tibialis anterior was recorded during the kick through four preamplified surface electrodes. The participants preformed 10 successive kicks to a fixed target with 1 min inter-trial interval. The electromyograms were recorded during each kick at a sampling frequency of 1000Hz. After the processing of the raw EMG data, myoelectrical activity was normalized on the time and amplitude domain. The coefficient of variation (CV), intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) were computed to test the repeatability of the electromyographic waveforms in each participant. The electromyographic activity during the naeryo chagi demonstrated poor repeatability. More specifically, all CVs were greater than 80%, all CMCs were lower than 0.75 and the majority of the average measure ICCs as well as all single measure ICCs were lower than 0.55. It seemed that only ensemble averages of EMG waveforms obtained from more than ten kicks may be considered as representatives of the muscle function in naeryo chagi and conclusions that have been drawn from a single trial should be reconsidered. Key pointsThe paper is the only known paper focused on the EMG repeatability of a taekwondo kick (naeryo chagi).The paper is among the few papers of repeatability dealing with the whole EMG waveforms and not with discrete EMG parameters.Repeatability was tested using all the available statistical indices.The results suggested that conclusions drawn from a single trial in EMG studies of taekwondo kicks and probably in other sports should be treated carefully.
authors.affiliation: Democritus University of Thrace , Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Komotini, Greece.
authors.forename: Nickos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aggeloussis
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gourgoulis
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sertsou
authors.forename: Erasmia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giannakou
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mavromatis
keywords: Electromyography; axe kick; reliability; taekwondo