title: Decreased insulin clearance in individuals with elevated 1-h post-load plasma glucose levels.
abstract: Reduced insulin clearance has been shown to predict the development of type 2 diabetes. Recently, it has been suggested that plasma glucose concentrations ≥ 8.6 mmol/l (155 mg/dl) at 1 h during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) can identify individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes among those who have normal glucose tolerance (NGT 1 h-high). The aim of this study was to examine whether NGT 1 h-high have a decrease in insulin clearance, as compared with NGT individuals with 1-h post-load glucose <8.6 mmol/l (l (155 mg/dl, NGT 1 h-low). To this end, 438 non-diabetic White individuals were subjected to OGTT and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp to evaluate insulin clearance and insulin sensitivity. As compared with NGT 1 h-low individuals, NGT 1 h-high had significantly higher 1-h and 2-h post-load plasma glucose and 2-h insulin levels as well as higher fasting glucose and insulin levels. NGT 1 h-high exhibited also a significant decrease in both insulin sensitivity (P<0.0001) and insulin clearance (P = 0.006) after adjusting for age, gender, adiposity measures, and insulin sensitivity. The differences in insulin clearance remained significant after adjustment for fasting glucose (P = 0.02) in addition to gender, age, and BMI. In univariate analyses adjusted for gender and age, insulin clearance was inversely correlated with body weight, body mass index, waist, fat mass, 1-h and 2-h post-load glucose levels, fasting, 1-h and 2-h post-load insulin levels, and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. In conclusion, our data show that NGT 1 h-high have a reduction in insulin clearance as compared with NGT 1 h-low individuals; this suggests that impaired insulin clearance may contribute to sustained fasting and post-meal hyperinsulinemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Adelaide
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frontoni
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Succurro
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arturi
authors.forename: Teresa Vanessa
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Fiorentino
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sciacqua
authors.forename: Marta Letizia
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hribal
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perticone
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sesti
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007558:Italy; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin