title: Leukocyte telomere length and age at menopause.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Telomere length is a marker of cellular aging that varies with the individual, is inherited, and is highly correlated across somatic cell types within persons. Interindividual variability of telomere length may partly explain differences in reproductive aging rates. We examined whether leukocyte telomere length was associated with menopausal age.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the relationship between leukocyte telomere length and age at natural menopause in 486 white women ≥65 years of age. We fit linear regression models adjusted for age, income, education, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol intake. We repeated the analysis in women with surgical menopause. We also performed sensitivity analyses excluding women (1) with unilateral oophorectomy, (2) who were nulliparous, or (3) reporting menopausal age <40 years, among other exclusions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For every 1-kb increase in leukocyte telomere length, average age at natural menopause increased by 10.2 months (95% confidence interval = 1.3 to 19.0). There was no association among 179 women reporting surgical menopause. In all but one sensitivity analysis, the association between leukocyte telomere length and age at menopause became stronger. However, when excluding women with menopausal age <40 years, the association decreased to 7.5 months (-0.4 to 15.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with the longest leukocyte telomere length underwent menopause 3 years later than those with the shortest leukocyte telomere length. If an artifact, an association would likely also have been observed in women with surgical menopause. If these results are replicated, leukocyte telomere length may prove to be a useful predictor of age at menopause.
authors.affiliation: From the aDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; bThe Center of Human Development and Aging, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ; cCenter for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA; and dDepartment of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Kristen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Schiff
authors.forename: Annette L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aviv
authors.forename: Jacqueline R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Starr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016014:Linear Models; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D012907:Smoking; D016615:Telomere / Q000378:metabolism*; D044465:White People