title: Monitoring tumor-derived cell-free DNA in patients with solid tumors: clinical perspectives and research opportunities.
abstract: Circulating cell-free DNA represents a non-invasive biomarker, as it can be isolated from human plasma, serum and other body fluids. Circulating tumor DNA shed from primary and metastatic cancers may allow the non-invasive analysis of the evolution of tumor genomes during treatment and disease progression through 'liquid biopsies'. The serial monitoring of tumor genotypes, which are instable and prone to changes under selection pressure, is becoming increasingly possible. The "liquid biopsy" provide novel biological insights into the process of metastasis and may elucidate signaling pathways involved in cell invasiveness and metastatic competence. This review will focus on the clinical utility of circulating cell free DNA in main solid tumors, including genetic and epigenetic alterations that can be detected.
authors.affiliation: Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Torino, Italy; IRCC Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Torino, Italy; FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bardelli
authors.affiliation: Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Criscitiello
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.affiliation: Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gelao
authors.affiliation: Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fumagalli
authors.affiliation: Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Minchella
authors.affiliation: Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Marzia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.affiliation: Breast Cancer Program Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Aron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goldhirsch
authors.affiliation: Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.curigliano@ieo.it.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Curigliano
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000378:metabolism*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D012106:Research; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm
keywords: Breast cancer; Cell free DNA; Circulating nucleic acids; Colorectal cancer; Lung cancer; Ovarian cancer; Plasma/serum DNA; Prostate cancer