title: Adipokines and lipoproteins: modulation by antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic agents.
abstract: Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that secretes a number of hormones and metabolically active substances that impact energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. These inflammatory markers are collectively referred to as adipocytokines, or adipokines. Adipose tissue's functional capacity and metabolic activity vary among individuals, thus partly explaining the incomplete overlap between obesity and the metabolic syndrome. The functional failure of adipose tissues results in changed energy delivery and impaired glucose consumption, triggering self-regulatory mechanisms to maintain homeostasis. Antihyperglycemic, hypolipidemic, antiobesity, and angiotensin II receptor blocker drugs influence adipokine levels in different ways. However, clinical data are still scarce and the clinical relevance of these effects needs to be fully determined.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, South Carolina.
authors.forename: Ali A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rizvi
authors.forename: Dragana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nikolic
authors.forename: Hanaa S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sallam
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montalto
authors.forename: Manfredi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abate
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001384:Azetidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069438:Ezetimibe; D058607:Fibric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054795:Incretins / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008687:Metformin / Q000494:pharmacology; D009525:Niacin / Q000737:chemistry; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D001384:Azetidines; D058607:Fibric Acids; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D054795:Incretins; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D009525:Niacin; D008687:Metformin; D000069438:Ezetimibe; D005947:Glucose