title: SAXS in inorganic and bioinspired research.
abstract: In situ and time-resolved structural information about emergent microstructures that progressively develop during the formation of inorganic or biologically mediated solid phases from solution is fundamental for understanding of the mechanisms driving complex precipitation reactions, for example, during biomineralization. In this brief chapter, we present the use of small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) techniques and show how SAXS can be used to gather structural information on the nanoscale properties of the de novo-forming entities. We base the discussion on several worked examples of inorganic materials such as calcium carbonate, silica, and perovskite-type titanates.
authors.affiliation: Cohen Biogeochemistry Laboratory, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom. Electronic address: t.m.stawski@leeds.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Tomasz M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Stawski
authors.forename: Liane G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Benning
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D003460:Crystallization; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D012996:Solutions; D017356:Synchrotrons; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D010087:Oxides; D012996:Solutions; C059910:perovskite; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D002119:Calcium Carbonate
keywords: Bioinspired materials; Biomineralization; Calcium carbonates (CaCO(3)); In situ; Inorganic materials; Perovskites; Precipitation from solutions; Silica; Small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering; Synchrotron; Time-resolved