title: The use of small molecules in somatic-cell reprogramming.
abstract: Pioneering work over the past years has highlighted the remarkable ability of manipulating cell states through exogenous, mostly transcription factor-induced reprogramming. The use of small molecules and reprogramming by transcription factors share a common history starting with the early AZA and MyoD experiments in fibroblast cells. Recent work shows that a combination of small molecules can replace all of the reprogramming factors and many previous studies have demonstrated their use in enhancing efficiencies or replacing individual factors. Here we provide a brief introduction to reprogramming followed by a detailed review of the major classes of small molecules that have been used to date and what future opportunities can be expected from these.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; The Chemical Biology Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Federation
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bradner
authors.affiliation: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Electronic address: alexander_meissner@harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meissner
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: chemical biology; epigenetics; induced pluripotent stem cells; reprogramming; small molecules