title: Development and validation of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease screening questionnaire in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a brief, reliable screening questionnaire for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for use in primary care settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a COPD Screening Questionnaire (COPD-SQ) using data collected from 19,800 subjects aged ≥40 years obtained from an epidemiological study of COPD in China in 2002 (Phase I). A stepwise logistic regression method was adopted for item reduction and scoring. We then assessed the COPD-SQ through a cross-sectional study (Phase II) among 3231 subjects aged ≥40 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final COPD-SQ consisted of seven items: age, smoking pack-years, body mass index, cough, dyspnoea, family history of respiratory diseases and exposure to biomass smoke from cooking. Using the questionnaire to screen for COPD in Phase II, we obtained high classification accuracy with an area under the curve of 0.812 (95%CI 0.786-0.838). The sensitivity, specificity and correct classification rates for COPD diagnosis were respectively 60.6%, 85.2% and 82.7% at a cut-off score of 16.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The COPD-SQ can be used in first-level screening for COPD.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Y-M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: S-Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: X-C
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Z-X
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: G-P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: X-P
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: D-L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: N-S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: P-X
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Ran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003296:Cooking; D003371:Cough / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011320:Primary Health Care; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke