title: Adenovirus death protein (ADP) is required for lytic infection of human lymphocytes.
abstract: The adenovirus death protein (ADP) is expressed at late times during a lytic infection of species C adenoviruses. ADP promotes the release of progeny virus by accelerating the lysis and death of the host cell. Since some human lymphocytes survive while maintaining a persistent infection with species C adenovirus, we compared ADP expression in these cells with ADP expression in lymphocytes that proceed with a lytic infection. Levels of ADP were low in KE37 and BJAB cells, which support a persistent infection. In contrast, levels of ADP mRNA and protein were higher in Jurkat cells, which proceed with a lytic infection. Epithelial cells infected with an ADP-overexpressing virus died more quickly than epithelial cells infected with an ADP-deleted virus. However, KE37, and BJAB cells remained viable after infection with the ADP-overexpressing virus. Although the levels of ADP mRNA increased in KE37 and BJAB cells infected with the ADP-overexpressing virus, the fraction of cells with detectable ADP was unchanged, suggesting that the control of ADP expression differs between epithelial and lymphocytic cells. When infected with an ADP-deleted adenovirus, Jurkat cells survived and maintained viral DNA for greater than 1 month. These findings are consistent with the notion that the level of ADP expression determines whether lymphocytic cells proceed with a lytic or a persistent adenovirus infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Center for Inflammation, Infection and Immunity, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Murali
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ornelles
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Gooding
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wilms
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Tollefson
authors.forename: W S M
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Wold
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garnett-Benson
mesh_terms: D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000821:virology*; D017503:Adenovirus E3 Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D057074:Virus Release; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D017503:Adenovirus E3 Proteins; C099609:adenovirus death protein, Adenovirus