title: Cutaneous human papillomavirus types detected on the surface of male external genital lesions: a case series within the HPV Infection in Men Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) may be associated with cutaneous epithelial lesions and non-melanoma skin cancers. No study has systematically evaluated the presence of genus beta [β]-HPV in male genital skin or external genital lesions (EGLs)
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine cutaneous β-HPV types detected on the surface of EGLs in men and describe their presence prior to EGL development.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case series was conducted among 69 men with pathologically confirmed EGLs (n=72) who participated in the HPV Infection in Men Study. Archived exfoliated cells collected from the surface of each EGL and normal genital skin specimens 6-12 months preceding EGL development were tested for β-HPV DNA using a type-specific multiplex genotyping assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  β-HPV DNA was detected on 61.1% of all EGLs, with types 38 (16.7%), 5 (15.3%), and 12 (12.5%) most commonly identified. HPV prevalence differed across pathological diagnoses, with the largest number of β-HPV types detected on condylomas. Most β-HPV types were detected on normal genital skin prior to EGL development, though the prevalence was lower on EGLs compared to preceding normal genital skin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EGLs and the normal genital skin of men harbor a large number of β-HPV types; however, it appears that β-HPVs are unrelated to EGL development in men. Despite evidence to support a causal role in skin carcinogenesis at UVR-exposed sites, cutaneous HPV appears unlikely to cause disease at the UVR-unexposed genitals.
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection Research in Cancer, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Pierce Campbell
authors.forename: Jane L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.forename: Mark H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Stoler
authors.forename: Drazen M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Jukic
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tommasino
authors.forename: Tarik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gheit
authors.forename: Dana E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Rollison
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sichero
authors.forename: Bradley A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Sirak
authors.forename: Donna J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Ingles
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abrahamsen
authors.forename: Beibei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Luisa L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lazcano-Ponce
authors.forename: Anna R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Giuliano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000821:virology*; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: CIN; Cutaneous HPV; EGL; External genital lesions; HIM Study; HPV; HPV infection in men study; Human papillomavirus; Males; PeIN; US; United States; alpha-HPV; beta-HPV; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; external genital lesion; human papillomavirus; penile intraepithelial neoplasia; α-HPV; β-HPV