title: Magnetic resonance urography in evaluation of duplicated renal collecting systems.
abstract: Duplex renal collecting systems are common congenital anomalies of the upper urinary tract. In most cases they are incidental findings and not associated with additional pathologies. They demonstrate, however, higher incidences of hydroureteronephrosis, ureteroceles, and ectopic ureters. The most comprehensive morphologic and functional evaluation of duplex systems can be achieved using magnetic resonance urography. Functional magnetic resonance urography allows better separation of the renal poles, thus more accurate calculation of the differential renal functions compared with renal scintigraphy. Magnetic resonance urography is the study of choice when upper urinary tract anatomy is complex or when functional evaluation is needed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Body Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: melkdm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Melkamu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adeb
authors.forename: Kassa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Darge
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Dillman
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Epelman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology*; D014567:Urography / Q000379:methods
keywords: Children; Duplex kidney; Duplicated renal collecting system; Ectopic ureter; MR urography; Ureterocele