title: What are lipoproteins doing in the brain?
abstract: Lipoproteins in plasma transport lipids between tissues, however, only high-density lipoproteins (HDL) appear to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB); thus, lipoproteins found in the brain must be produced within the central nervous system. Apolipoproteins E (ApoE) and ApoJ are the most abundant apolipoproteins in the brain, are mostly synthesized by astrocytes, and are found on HDL. In the hippocampus and other brain regions, lipoproteins help to regulate neurobehavioral functions by processes that are lipoprotein receptor-mediated. Moreover, lipoproteins and their receptors also have roles in the regulation of body weight and energy balance, acting through lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP). Thus, understanding lipoproteins and their metabolism in the brain provides a new opportunity with potential therapeutic relevance.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Electronic address: Hong.Wang@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Eckel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D008074:Lipoproteins; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; D011973:Receptors, LDL; C036053:VLDL receptor; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase
keywords: astrocyte; brain; lipoprotein; lipoprotein receptor; metabolism; neuron