title: Ear therapy and massage therapy in the elderly with dementia: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the impact of massage versus ear acupuncture on behavior and participation in occupational therapy of dementia patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a controlled, randomized longitudinal trial approved by the Bioethics Commission of the University of Extremadura. One hundred twenty elderly subjects with dementia institutionalized in residential homes in Extremadura (Spain) received treatment based on massage and ear acupuncture over three months. Behavior alterations, sleep disturbance, and participation in rehabilitation and eating were assessed every month during the three months of intervention, and at one and two months of follow-up after the end of treatment. The assessment was performed through a structured questionnaire with closed format questions done by an occupational therapist not involved in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significant positive effect of massage and ear acupuncture (P < 0.001) on measured variables in the third month of intervention, which were maintained at two months after completing the treatment (P < 0.021), when compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Massage therapy and ear acupuncture can improve behavior and sleep disturbances, and increase the participation in eating and rehabilitation organized in residential homes, in dementia patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Medicine Faculty, Extremadura University, Badajoz 06006, Spain. jrodman@unex.es
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Mansilla
authors.forename: María Victoria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: González-López-Arza
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Varela-Donoso
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montanero-Fernández
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Palomares
authors.forename: Elisa Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Garrido-Ardila
mesh_terms: D020831:Acupuncture, Ear; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001519:Behavior; D003704:Dementia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008405:Massage; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012890:Sleep; D016896:Treatment Outcome