title: Fluorescence in situ hybridization panel for monitoring of minimal residual disease in patients with double minute chromosomes.
abstract: A double minute chromosome (dmin) is a small fragment of extrachromosomal DNA bearing amplified genes observed in malignancies. We investigated the incidence and characteristics of dmins in hematologic malignancies, and the quantitative changes during the treatment follow-up. Once a dmin was observed in conventional G-banding, it was characterized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the panel of MYC, NMYC, and MLL probes. Quantitative changes of malignant cells were measured using G-banding and FISH during the follow up. Dmins were observed in 1.23% of patients (6/489) at the initial diagnosis including 4 with MYC amplification, 1 with MLL and 1 with NMYC. All 6 had complex karyotypes and showed short overall survival (7.7 months). In follow-up specimens, FISH detected dmins in 11 cases out of which G-banding detected dmins in 9 cases. The number of dmins detected by FISH and G-banding did not correlate well. Amplification of NMYC in dmins is reported for the first time. A FISH panel composed of frequently amplified oncogenes (MYC, NMYC, and MLL) in dmins is useful for characterization of dmins. FISH is a sensitive method in detecting dmins and will be useful in monitoring of the minimal residual disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yongbum
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seon Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Miyoung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Medical Science Institute, 7-14 Dongbinggo-dong Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-809, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cha Ja
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: See
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jiseok
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: soonlee@plaza.snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Dong Soon
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002843:Chromatin; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D059785:Karyotype; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin
keywords: Double minute chromosome; Fluorescence in situ hybridization; NMYC; Oncogene