title: Association between diabetes-related factors and clinical periodontal parameters in type-2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence consistently shows that diabetes is a risk factor for increased prevalence of gingivitis and periodontitis. But there is a controversy about the relationship between diabetes related factors and periodontal health. The aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between diabetes related factors such as glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, duration of diabetes and compliance to diabetes self management and periodontal health status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Periodontal health of 125 participants with type-2 diabetes mellitus was measured by the number of missing teeth, community periodontal index (CPI), Russell's periodontal index and papillary bleeding index. Information on sociodemographic factors, oral hygiene behavior, duration and compliance to self management of diabetes, levels of glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose(FBG) were collected by interview and hospital medical records. Statistically, independent t-test, an analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-squared test and multiple regression analyses were used to assess the association between diabetes-related factors and periodontal health.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Periodontal parameters including the number of missing teeth and papillary bleeding index were significantly influenced by duration of diabetes, FBG and compliance to self management of diabetes. CPI was significantly influenced by duration of diabetes, FBG and HbA1C. And Russell's periodontal index was significantly influenced by duration of diabetes, FBG, HbA1C and compliance to self management of diabetes. Results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes showed significant positive correlation with all of the periodontal health parameters, except for missing teeth. HbA1c was correlated with Russell's periodontal and papillary bleeding index. FBG and compliance to self management of diabetes were correlated with missing teeth and papillary bleeding index respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes-related factors such as duration of diabetes, FBG, HbA1c and compliance to self management of diabetes were significantly correlated with periodontal health among individuals with type-2 diabetes.
authors.forename: Eun-Kyong
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang Gyu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Youn-Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kyu-Chang
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Jun Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Anwar T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Merchant
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Daegu, 317-1, Daemyung-dong, Nam-Gu, 705-717, Daegu, Republic of Korea. lhk3731@yu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hee-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D015438:Health Behavior; D006267:Health Education, Dental; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009909:Oral Health; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications*; D012648:Self Care; D012649:Self Concept; D012907:Smoking; D013997:Time Factors; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000145:classification; D014099:Toothbrushing
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin