title: Sensitive and direct detection of receptor binding specificity of highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus in clinical samples.
abstract: Influenza A virus (IAV) recognizes two types of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) by galactose (Gal) linkages, Neu5Acα2,3Gal and Neu5Acα2,6Gal. Avian IAV preferentially binds to Neu5Acα2,3Gal linkage, while human IAV preferentially binds to Neu5Acα2,6Gal linkage, as a virus receptor. Shift in receptor binding specificity of avian IAV from Neu5Acα2,3Gal linkage to Neu5Acα2,6Gal linkage is generally believed to be a critical factor for its transmission ability among humans. Surveillance of this shift of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian IAV (HPAI) is thought to be a very important for prediction and prevention of a catastrophic pandemic of HPAI among humans. In this study, we demonstrated that receptor binding specificity of IAV bound to sialo-glycoconjugates was sensitively detected by quantifying the HA gene with real-time reverse-transcription-PCR. The new assay enabled direct detection of receptor binding specificity of HPAIs in chicken clinical samples including trachea and cloaca swabs in only less than 4 h.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadanobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: Nongluk
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sriwilaijaroen
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D006001:Glycoconjugates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000378:metabolism*; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006001:Glycoconjugates; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid