title: Expression of SOX9 in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  SRY (sex determining region Y) box 9 (SOX9) plays a key role in the embryologic development, differentiation, and maintenance of organs in the pancreas as well as progression of several kinds of tumors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression and potential role of SOX9 in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors selected 27 pathological tissues from 19 IPMN cases to assess the expression of SOX9 by means of immunohistochemistry and analyzed the expression pattern of SOX9 with 78 lesions obtained from these tissues stained by SOX9.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SOX9 was expressed in the normal pancreas, IPMN, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. SOX9-positive cells were confined to the lower portions of the papillary structures of IPMN. However, SOX9 was expressed in the entire epithelium once the neoplasms advanced to high-grade dysplasia and invasive carcinoma. The expression pattern of SOX9 was similar to that of CD44 in the normal pancreas and IPMN. Double staining of SOX9 and CD44 detected colocalization of SOX9 and CD44 in IPMN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in the SOX9 expression pattern may be involved in the mechanisms of the malignant progression of IPMN.
authors.affiliation: From the *Division of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; †Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; and ‡Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Fanbin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takaori
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masui
authors.forename: Michiya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uemoto
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human