title: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to hypercalcemia associated with parathyroid hormone-related peptide: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: We herein report the case of a 58-year-old man with advanced esophageal carcinoma who developed posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). He initially presented with a severe consciousness disturbance. A subsequent examination revealed hypercalcemia and an elevated serum parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) level. Magnetic resonance imaging performed on admission and 24 days later showed reversible widespread white matter abnormalities, which confirmed a diagnosis of PRES. The patient's clinical and radiological manifestations improved upon normalization of the serum calcium level. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing hypercalcemia-induced PRES occurring in association with elevated PTHrP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kitamurayama Public Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagayama
authors.forename: Mineo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katayama
mesh_terms: D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020361:Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein / Q000097:blood*; D054038:Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: C470121:PTHLH protein, human; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein