title: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in women exposed to wood stove smoke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify respiratory symptoms and COPD (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second ratio < 0.70 and below the lower limit of normal) in non-smoking women with history of exposure to wood smoke of at least 80 hours-years.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred sixty nonsmoking women were included. Demographic data and information about symptoms and other environmental exposures were collected. All women underwent spirometry and those with COPD also had their lung volumes measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The COPD group had greater exposure in years to wood smoke (p = 0.043), greater length of rural residence (p = 0.042) and the same length of passive smoking (p = 0.297) and farm work (p = 0.985). Cough (69.8%), sputum (55.8%) and wheezing (67.4%) predominated in the COPD group (p < 0.001) compared to those without COPD (40.2%, 27.4%, 33, 3%, respectively). The COPD patients had mild to moderate obstructive disturbance and normal lung volumes, except that the residual volume and total lung capacity ratio (RV/TLC) > 0.40 in 45%, which correlated negatively with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and FEV1/vital forced capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with prolonged exposure to wood smoke had predominantly mild to moderate COPD. Those without COPD had a high prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms, justifying clinical and spirometric monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Pneumologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil. Electronic address: helpuol@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Maria Auxiliadora Carmo
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Maria Alves
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: José R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jardim
authors.forename: Maria Conceição Cam
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.forename: Lorine Uchôa
authors.initials: LU
authors.lastname: Inácio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018533:Biomass; D001938:Brazil; D003296:Cooking; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013147:Spirometry; D013997:Time Factors; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke
keywords: Biomass; Biomassa; Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica; Fumaça; Pulmonary disease chronic obstructive; Smoke