title: A novel liposomal nanomedicine for nitric oxide delivery and breast cancer treatment.
abstract: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer occurring among women in the United States. Nitric oxide (NO) is endogenous signaling molecules that regulate biological processes. NO has the potential to induce either cancer progression or cancer cell apoptosis depending on intra-tumoral NO concentration. High levels of NO have a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. A novel cytotoxic gas delivery system has been developed using NO-loaded echogenic liposomes (ELIP) for breast cancer treatment. Empty ELIP and NO-ELIP were prepared using the previously developed freezing-under-pressure method with modified lipid composition. Echogenicity of NO-ELIP was measured to determine the stability of NO-ELIP. Two types of breast cancer cell (BCC) lines, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, were utilized. MTT assay was performed after NO-ELIP treatment to determine BCC viability. Echogenicity data demonstrated improved stability of NO-ELIP with the use of BSA for resuspension of NO-ELIP. Cell death induced by NO-ELIP was not from lipid cytotoxicity but from NO. The cytotoxic effect of NO-ELIP on BCC was highly dependent on NO-ELIP concentration. NO-ELIP in concentration of 1.0-2.0 mg/ml induced dramatically decreased BCC viability. This novel cytotoxic gas delivery nanomedicine using liposomal carriers, NO-ELIP, has the potential to provide improved therapeutic effect for breast cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St. MSB 1.246, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Soo Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yonghoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rim
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: McPherson
authors.forename: Shao-Ling
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hyunggun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017209:Apoptosis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008353:Mannitol / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011312:Pressure; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D008081:Liposomes; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008353:Mannitol; C022616:thiazolyl blue
keywords: Nanomedicine; breast cancer; drug delivery system; liposome; nitric oxide