title: Cysteamine-based cell-permeable Zn(2+)-specific molecular bioimaging materials: from animal to plant cells.
abstract: Structure-interaction/fluorescence relationship studies led to the development of a small chemical library of Zn(2+)-specific cysteamine-based molecular probes. The probe L5 with higher excitation/emission wavelengths, which absorbs in the visible region and emits in the green, was chosen as a model imaging material for biological studies. After successful imaging of intracellular zinc in four different kinds of cells including living organisms, plant, and animal cells, in vivo imaging potential of L5 was evaluated using plant systems. In vivo imaging of translocation of zinc through the stem of a small herb with a transparent stem, Peperomia pellucida, confirmed the stability of L5 inside biological systems and the suitability of L5 for real-time analysis. Similarly, fluorescence imaging of zinc in gram sprouts revealed the efficacy of the probe in the detection and localization of zinc in cereal crops. This imaging technique will help in knowing the efficiency of various techniques used for zinc enrichment of cereal crops. Computational analyses were carried out to better understand the structure, the formation of probe-Zn(2+) complexes, and the emission properties of these complexes.
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Mandi, H.P. 175001, India.
authors.forename: Sougata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Gourab
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Jomon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Trinetra
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Subhrakanti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Subrata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D003543:Cysteamine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005399:Fishes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D036941:Peperomia / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D003543:Cysteamine; D015032:Zinc