title: Inverse association between 18-carbon trans fatty acids and intelligence quotients in smoking schizophrenia patients.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate polyunsaturated (PUFA) and trans isomeric fatty acid status in schizophrenia patients. Fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids (PL) and triacylglycerols (TG) was analyzed by gas chromatography in 29 schizophrenia patients and 15 healthy controls. We found no difference in PL n-3 fatty acid status between the two groups, while the values of 22:5n-6 were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in controls. In TG, values of docosatrienoic acid (20:3n-3) and docosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) were significantly higher in schizophrenia patients than in controls. We found no difference in the trans fatty acid status between patients and controls. In smoking schizophrenia patients significant negative correlations were detected between Wechsler adult full-scale intelligence quotients and values of total trans fatty acids in PL lipids, whereas no such correlation was seen either in non-smoking schizophrenia patients, or in healthy controls. While data obtained in the present study fail to furnish evidence for n-3 PUFA supplementation to the diet of patients with schizophrenia, they indicate that in smoking schizophrenia patients high dietary exposure to trans fatty acids is associated with lower intelligence quotients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, József A. u. 7, H-7623 Pécs, Hungary. Electronic address: lohner.szimonetta@pte.hu.
authors.forename: Szimonetta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lohner
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, József A. u. 7, H-7623 Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vágási
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, József A. u. 7, H-7623 Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marosvölgyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tényi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, József A. u. 7, H-7623 Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Decsi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology*; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D044242:Trans Fatty Acids
keywords: Intelligence; PUFA; Positive and negative symptoms; Psychotic disorders; Trans isomeric fatty acids