title: Gut-lung crosstalk in pulmonary involvement with inflammatory bowel diseases.
abstract: Pulmonary abnormalities, dysfunction or hyper-reactivity occurs in association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) more frequently than previously recognized. Emerging evidence suggests that subtle inflammation exists in the airways among IBD patients even in the absence of any bronchopulmonary symptoms, and with normal pulmonary functions. The pulmonary impairment is more pronounced in IBD patients with active disease than in those in remission. A growing number of case reports show that the IBD patients develop rapidly progressive respiratory symptoms after colectomy, with failure to isolate bacterial pathogens on repeated sputum culture, and often request oral corticosteroid therapy. All the above evidence indicates that the inflammatory changes in both the intestine and lung during IBD. Clinical or subclinical pulmonary inflammation accompanies the main inflammation of the bowel. Although there are clinical and epidemiological reports of chronic inflammation of the pulmonary and intestinal mucosa in IBD, the detailed mechanisms of pulmonary-intestinal crosstalk remain unknown. The lung has no anatomical connection with the main inflammatory site of the bowel. Why does the inflammatory process shift from the gastrointestinal tract to the airways? The clinical and subclinical pulmonary abnormalities, dysfunction, or hyper-reactivity among IBD patients need further evaluation. Here, we give an overview of the concordance between chronic inflammatory reactions in the airways and the gastrointestinal tract. A better understanding of the possible mechanism of the crosstalk among the distant organs will be beneficial in identifying therapeutic strategies for mucosal inflammatory diseases such as IBD and allergy.
authors.affiliation: Hui Wang, Jing-Shi Liu, Shao-Hua Peng, Xi-Yun Deng, De-Mao Zhu, Sara Javidiparsijani, Gui-Rong Wang, Dai-Qiang Li, Long-Xuan Li, Yi-Chun Wang, Jun-Ming Luo, Department of Radiation Oncology, the Affiliated Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing-Shi
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shao-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Xi-Yun
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: De-Mao
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Javidiparsijani
authors.forename: Gui-Rong
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dai-Qiang
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Long-Xuan
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yi-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Biao-Li relationship; Gut-lung crosstalk; Inflammatory bowel disease; Pulmonary symptoms; Social manner