title: Human papillomavirus type 56 polymorphism in Canadian women with and without cervical lesions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The genomic diversity of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) has been associated with viral persistence and HPV-induced lesions. Studies on HPV56 persistence are still pending.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association between HPV56 polymorphism and HPV56 persistence and presence of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2,3) or cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  HPV56-positive cervical specimens from 204 women selected from a total of 4669 participants recruited in 5 epidemiological studies (parent studies) were further analyzed by PCR-sequencing of the long control region (LCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 81 women followed prospectively in cohort studies who could be classified, 34 had persistent and 47 had transient HPV56 infections. Variant HPV56-LCR-MTL-21 was detected more frequently in persistent infections (52.9%, 95% CI: 36.7-68.6%) than in transient infections (25.5%, 95% CI: 15.1-39.4). Considering only women recruited in a cohort of women infected or at high risk for HIV infection, infection with variant HPV56-LCR-MTL-21 (OR=4.4, 95% CI: 1.3-14.5) was significantly associated with HPV56 persistence controlling in multivariate analysis for high risk HPV detection and HIV infection. A variation at nucleotide 7800 in HPV56-LCR-MTL-21 resulted in the loss of a binding site for Elf-1 embedded in one of the E2 binding sites, a potential activator or repressor of expression of the HPV genome. HPV56 polymorphism was not associated with CIN2,3 or cancer in women enrolled in cross-sectional and case-control studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymorphism in HPV56 may influence the risk that infections with this type will persist.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche et Département de Microbiologie Médicale et Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodrigues-Coutlée
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Archambault
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Money
authors.forename: Agnihotram V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Ramanakumar
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raboud
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hankins
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koushik
authors.forename: Harriet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brassard
authors.forename: Eduardo L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Coutlée
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D055815:Young Adult; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000821:virology
keywords: Anogenital cancer; CI; CIN; Cervical cancer; Cervical dysplasia; HPV; LCR; OR; PCR; Viral polymorphism.; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; confidence interval; human papillomavirus; long control region; odds ratio; polymerase chain reaction