title: Effect of exercise test on pulmonary function of obese adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to investigate the pulmonary response to exercise of non-morbidly obese adolescents, considering the gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  a prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 92 adolescents (47 obese and 45 eutrophic), divided in four groups according to obesity and gender. Anthropometric parameters, pulmonary function (spirometry and oxygen saturation [SatO2]), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), and respiratory muscle strength were measured. Pulmonary function parameters were measured before, during, and after the exercise test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BP and HR were higher in obese individuals during the exercise test (p = 0.0001). SatO2 values decreased during exercise in obese adolescents (p = 0.0001). Obese males had higher levels of maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures (p = 0.0002) when compared to obese and eutrophic females. Obese males showed lower values of maximum voluntary ventilation, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in the first second when compared to eutrophic males, before and after exercise (p = 0.0005). Obese females had greater inspiratory capacity compared to eutrophic females (p = 0.0001). Expiratory reserve volume was lower in obese subjects when compared to controls (p ≤ 0,05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  obese adolescents presented changes in pulmonary function at rest and these changes remained present during exercise. The spirometric and cardiorespiratory values were different in the four study groups. The present data demonstrated that, in spite of differences in lung growth, the model of fat distribution alters pulmonary function differently in obese female and male adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: dilifaria@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alethéa Guimarães
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Angela G O
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Augusto Lima
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Marson
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Isabel S
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Schivinski
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Investigation Center, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana Dalge
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Severino
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Dirceu
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antônio A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Barros Filho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013147:Spirometry; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Adolescents; Adolescência; Exercise; Exercício; Função pulmonar; Lung function; Obesidade; Obesity