title: Cellular and axonal diversity in molecular layer heterotopia of the rat cerebellar vermis.
abstract: Molecular layer heterotopia of the cerebellar primary fissure are a characteristic of many rat strains and are hypothesized to result from defect of granule cells exiting the external granule cell layer during cerebellar development. However, the cellular and axonal constituents of these malformations remain poorly understood. In the present report, we use histochemistry and immunocytochemistry to identify neuronal, glial, and axonal classes in molecular layer heterotopia. In particular, we identify parvalbumin-expressing molecular layer interneurons in heterotopia as well as three glial cell types including Bergmann glia, Olig2-expressing oligodendrocytes, and Iba1-expressing microglia. In addition, we document the presence of myelinated, serotonergic, catecholaminergic, and cholinergic axons in heterotopia indicating possible spinal and brainstem afferent projections to heterotopic cells. These findings are relevant toward understanding the mechanisms of normal and abnormal cerebellar development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Boulevard, P.O. Box 8000, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Van Dine
authors.forename: Elsaid
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salem
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Nga Yan
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Siu
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dotzler
authors.forename: Raddy L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ramos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000076104:Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2; D054091:Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000076104:Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2; C522729:Olig2 protein, rat