title: Influence of photoperiod and medium formulation on peanut somatic embryogenesis.
abstract: Somatic embryos were produced from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) immature zygotic cotyledons. Comparisons were made of the level of α-naphthaleneacetic acid during induction, nitrogen formulation of the medium, and photoperiod. Over 70% embryogenesis was obtained regardless of NAA level used. Percent embryogenesis and number of embryos were markedly lower in explants induced on NAA compared to 2,4-D. Embryo production was not greatly affected by either the use of Murashige & Skoog versus Finer & Nagasawa salts or light versus dark culture conditions. However, embryo morphology was noticeably affected by photoperiod. Embryos produced under a 16 h photoperiod were tough, woody and difficult to separate for subsequent germination and conversion. Those produced under a 0-h photoperiod were succulent and pliable.
authors.affiliation: Horticulture Department, University of Georgia, 1111 Plant Science Building, 30602-7273, Athens, GA, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wetzstein