title: Proximate, mineral and phytochemical analysis of the leaves of H. myriantha and Urera trinervis.
abstract: The vegetal materials were bought on 20th October, 2010 at the local Total market from Bacongo, South-Brazzaville. The proximate and phytochemical compositions of the leaves of H. myriantha and Urera trinervis were investigated in accordance with standard procedures. Mineral concentrations were determined by using flame photometer, atomic absorption spectrophotometer and calorimetry. The proximate analysis revealed high moisture (62.90%), crude protein (24.18%) and energy content values (562.19 kJ/100 g) in U. trinervis leaves while the carbohydrate (06.07%), crude fat (1.32%) and ash content (5.54%) were low. Similarly H. myriantha showed a high content of crude protein (25.37%), energy (1508.32 kJ/100 g) and carbohydrate (60.02%) however, the moisture (6.93%), crude fat (1.54%) and ash content (6.14%) were low. The minerals present in both plant leaves were phosphorus (18.97 and 18.73% for H. myriantha and U. trinervis, respectively), followed by potassium (1.25 and 1.29%), calcium and magnesium, which were found in very low concentrations (0.21-0.29%). While sodium, iron and manganese were present as trace elements (0.02-0.09%), aluminum was not detected. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, triterpenoids and steroids. Flavonoids were absent solely in H. myriantha while saponins and anthraquinones were not detected in both samples. The study showed that these vegetables contained nutrients, mineral elements and phytochemicals that were nutritionally important for body health. Thus they could be recommended in Congolese nutrition with nutrient and non-nutrient supplementation to help in various protective and therapeutic actions for consumers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, P.O. Box 69, Brazzaville, Congo.
authors.forename: Andzouana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcel
authors.forename: Mombouli Jean
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bievenu
mesh_terms: D002151:Calorimetry; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D029753:Celastraceae / Q000737:chemistry; D003223:Congo; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D052756:Nutritional Sciences; D009753:Nutritive Value; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D013256:Steroids / Q000737:chemistry; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry; D027003:Urticaceae / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D005419:Flavonoids; D008903:Minerals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012503:Saponins; D013256:Steroids; D013634:Tannins; D013729:Terpenes