title: Antimicrobial and cytotoxic secondary metabolites from tropical leaf endophytes: Isolation of antibacterial agent pyrrocidine C from Lewia infectoria SNB-GTC2402.
abstract: Because of the symbiotic nature of endophytes, this survey aims to investigate the probability of discovering antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities in leaf endophytic microbes. We isolated 138 cultivable microbes (121 fungi, 3 bacteria and 14 unidentified or unknown microbes) from 24 plant species, a significant relative proportion of which exhibited antifungal and cytotoxic potential against Candida albicans ATCC 10213 and the human cell lines KB (uterine cervical carcinoma), MDA-MB-435 (melanoma), and MRC5 (normal human lung fibroblasts). Three active fungal extracts were fractionated, resulting in the isolation of eight compounds. Seven had been described in the literature including the following: acremonisol A, semicochliodinol A, cochliodinol, griseofulvin, pyrenocin A, novae zelandin A and alterperylenol. A previously unreported compound named pyrrocidine C was isolated from Lewia infectoria SNB-GTC2402 and identified by spectroscopic analysis. As in pyrrocidines A and B, this compound is a cis-substituted decahydrofluorene with a quaternary carbon at C-5 and opposite stereochemistry at C-8 corresponding to C-6 of pyrrocidines A and B.
authors.affiliation: CNRS - Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France; CNRS, UMR ECOFOG, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 23 Avenue Pasteur, 97300 Cayenne, France; Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Casella
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Eparvier
authors.forename: Hugues
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mandavid
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bendelac
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Odonne
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dayan
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duplais
authors.forename: Laila S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Espindola
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stien
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001203:Ascomycota; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D060026:Endophytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007624:KB Cells; D018515:Plant Leaves; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005449:Fluorenes; C000589148:pyrrocidine C
keywords: Antimicrobials; Cytotoxic metabolites; Functional chemodiversity; Leaf endophytes; Lewia; Pyrrocidine C