title: Highly efficient tumor transduction and antitumor efficacy in experimental human malignant mesothelioma using replicating gibbon ape leukemia virus.
abstract: Retroviral replicating vectors (RRVs) have been shown to achieve efficient tumor transduction and enhanced therapeutic benefit in a wide variety of cancer models. Here we evaluated two different RRVs derived from amphotropic murine leukemia virus (AMLV) and gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV), in human malignant mesothelioma cells. In vitro, both RRVs expressing the green fluorescent protein gene efficiently replicated in most mesothelioma cell lines tested, but not in normal mesothelial cells. Notably, in ACC-MESO-1 mesothelioma cells that were not permissive for AMLV-RRV, the GALV-RRV could spread efficiently in culture and in mice with subcutaneous xenografts by in vivo fluorescence imaging. Next, GALV-RRV expressing the cytosine deaminase prodrug activator gene showed efficient killing of ACC-MESO-1 cells in a prodrug 5-fluorocytosine dose-dependent manner, compared with AMLV-RRV. GALV-RRV-mediated prodrug activator gene therapy achieved significant inhibition of subcutaneous ACC-MESO-1 tumor growth in nude mice. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR demonstrated that ACC-MESO-1 cells express higher PiT-1 (GALV receptor) and lower PiT-2 (AMLV receptor) compared with normal mesothelial cells and other mesothelioma cells, presumably accounting for the distinctive finding that GALV-RRV replicates much more robustly than AMLV-RRV in these cells. These data indicate the potential utility of GALV-RRV-mediated prodrug activator gene therapy in the treatment of mesothelioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takagi-Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Logg
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kasahara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D023061:Gene Order; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017989:Leukemia Virus, Gibbon Ape / Q000235:genetics*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000086002:Mesothelioma, Malignant; D051379:Mice; D011355:Prodrugs; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D011355:Prodrugs; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase