Smoking association with influenza infection in renal transplant recipients.
We identified 22 cases of influenza infection among renal transplant recipients and matched them with 66 controls by influenza season to explore risk factors for influenza infection. Active cigarette smoking was associated with influenza infection in this population (adjusted odds ratio 13.1; 95% confidence interval 2.3-76; P = 0.004).
Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J A
JA
Sparks
D C
DC
Brennan
S J
SJ
Lawrence
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
influenza virus; organ transplant; renal transplant; smoking