Accuracy of upper jaw positioning with intermediate splint fabrication after virtual planning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.
The purpose of the study is to present and discuss a workflow regarding computer-assisted surgical planning for bimaxillary surgery and intermediate splint fabrication. This study describes a protocol starting from wax bite registration to fabrication of the necessary intermediate splint. The procedure is a proof of concept to replace not only the model surgery but also facebow registration and transfer from facebow to articulator. Three different modalities were utilized to obtain this goal: cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), optical dental scanning, and 3-dimensional printing. A universal registration block was designed to register the optical scan of the wax bite to the CBCT data set. Integration of the wax bite avoided problems related to artifacts caused by dental fillings in the occlusal plane of the CBCT scan. Fifteen patients underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. The printed intermediate splint was used during the operation for each patient. A postoperative CBCT scan was taken and registered to the preoperative CBCT scan. The difference between the planned and the actual bony surgical movement at the edge of the upper central incisor was 0.50 ± 0.22 mm in sagittal, 0.57 ± 0.35 mm in vertical, and 0.38 ± 0.35 mm in horizontal direction (midlines). There was no significant difference between the planned and the actual surgical movement in 3 dimensions: sagittal (P = 0.10), vertical (P = 0.69), and horizontal (P = 0.83). In conclusion, under clinical circumstances, the accuracy of the designed intermediate splint satisfied the requirements for bimaxillary surgery.
From the *Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, St. John's Hospital, Genk, Belgium; †Faculty of Medicine, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; ‡Clinic for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; §Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gent University, Gent, Belgium; and ∥KU Leuven Department of Oral Health Sciences & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Yi
Y
Sun
Heinz-Theo
HT
Luebbers
Jimoh Olubanwo
JO
Agbaje
Serge
S
Schepers
Luc
L
Vrielinck
Ivo
I
Lambrichts
Constantinus
C
Politis
D000328:Adult; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007574:Jaw Relation Record; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D017090:Occlusal Splints; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D012985:Software Design; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D057188:Workflow; D055815:Young Adult