Effect of lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus on ultrasonic vocalizations in the infant rat pup.
Evidence shows that febrile convulsions induced in rat pups increase ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs); however, the effect of status epilepticus (SE) induced in developing rats on USVs has not been fully investigated. The goal of this study was to analyze USVs following lithium-pilocarpine-induced SE in fourteen-day-old (P14) rat pups. The rat pups were given 3-mEq/kg lithium chloride i.p. on the day before the induction of SE, which was carried out at P14 by subcutaneous injection of 100-mg/kg pilocarpine hydrochloride; control animals were given an equal volume of lithium chloride and saline on P13 and P14, respectively. Ultrasonic vocalizations were monitored at P15, P16, and P21 with a Mini 3 Bat Detector Ultra Sound Advice (15kHz-160kHz) set at 40±4kHz and digitally recorded in WAV format using the Audacity 1.3 beta software. A clear box (60×40×30cm) split down the middle with a holed wall was used; each pup was placed alone in one compartment, whereas its dam was placed on the other cage side at room temperature. Vocalizations were recorded over a 5-minute period, converted to sonograms and spectrograms, and analyzed using the Raven software. Parameters evaluated were as follows: USV frequency, latency to the first USV, and mean USV duration. There was a significant decrease in the latency (35.5±6.9s) and duration (50.8±8.6s) of USVs after SE compared with the control group (81.9±10.8s and 78.1±9.9s, respectively). Status epilepticus affected male and female rats differentially.
Centro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Av. Luis Castelazo s/n Carr. Xalapa-Veracruz, Km. 3.5 Col. Industrial-Animas, C.P. 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Electronic address: leonorlopez@uv.mx.
Maria-Leonor
ML
López-Meraz
Centro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Av. Luis Castelazo s/n Carr. Xalapa-Veracruz, Km. 3.5 Col. Industrial-Animas, C.P. 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Electronic address: jservandomm@hotmail.com.
Jesus-Servando
JS
Medel-Matus
Centro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Av. Luis Castelazo s/n Carr. Xalapa-Veracruz, Km. 3.5 Col. Industrial-Animas, C.P. 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Electronic address: comorgado@uv.mx.
Consuelo
C
Morgado-Valle
Centro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Av. Luis Castelazo s/n Carr. Xalapa-Veracruz, Km. 3.5 Col. Industrial-Animas, C.P. 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Electronic address: lubeltran@uv.mx.
Luis
L
Beltrán-Parrazal
Centro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Av. Luis Castelazo s/n Carr. Xalapa-Veracruz, Km. 3.5 Col. Industrial-Animas, C.P. 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Electronic address: cesperez@uv.mx.
César
C
Pérez-Estudillo
Centro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Av. Luis Castelazo s/n Carr. Xalapa-Veracruz, Km. 3.5 Col. Industrial-Animas, C.P. 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Electronic address: jmanzo@uv.mx.
Jorge
J
Manzo
D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003292:Convulsants / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D008094:Lithium / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008426:Maternal Deprivation; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014828:Vocalization, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*
D003292:Convulsants; D010862:Pilocarpine; D008094:Lithium
Developing rat; Status epilepticus; Ultrasonic vocalizations