Synthetic cathinones: chemical phylogeny, physiology, and neuropharmacology.
This mini-review summarizes the history of cathinone and its synthesized derivatives from early records to the present day, including the appearance of synthetic cathinones in the drug combination known as bath salts. Bath salts may consist of one compound (MDPV) or combinations of MDPV and one or more other synthetic cathinones, which may also appear alone without MDPV. We briefly review recent in vitro studies of bath salts components alone or in combination, focusing on pharmacological and biophysical studies. Finally we summarize new data from in vivo procedures that characterize the abuse-related neurochemical and behavioral effects of synthetic cathinones in rats.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, USA. Electronic address: ljdefelice@vcu.edu.
Louis J
LJ
De Felice
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, USA.
Richard A
RA
Glennon
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Sidney S
SS
Negus
D000470:Alkaloids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D052117:Benzodioxoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015198:Designer Drugs / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D000094982:Synthetic Cathinone
D000470:Alkaloids; D052117:Benzodioxoles; D015198:Designer Drugs; D011759:Pyrrolidines; C023665:cathinone; D000094982:Synthetic Cathinone
Amphetamine; Bath salts; Cocaine; Dopamine; Intracranial selfstimulation (ICSS); MDPV; Mephedrone; Methamphamine; Methcathinone; Methylone; Serotonin; Synthetic cathinones; Transporters