Molecular characterization of canine coronavirus strains circulating in Brazil.
To characterize canine coronavirus (CCoV) circulating in diarrheic puppies in Brazil, 250 fecal samples collected between 2006 and 2012 were tested. By using RT-PCR to partially amplify the M gene, CCoV RNA was detected in 30 samples. Sequence analysis of the M protein grouped eight strains with CCoV-I and another 19 with CCoV-II prototypes. To genotype/subtype the CCoV strains and assess the occurrence of single or multiple CCoV infections, RT-PCR of the S gene was performed, and 25/30 CCoV-positive strains amplified with one or two primer pairs. For 17/25 samples, single infections were detected as follows: six CCoV-I, nine CCoV-IIa and two CCoV-IIb. Eight samples were positive for more than one genotype/subtype as follows: seven CCoV-I/IIa and one CCoV-I/IIb. Sequence analysis revealed that the CCoV-I and IIa strains shared high genetic similarity to each other and to the prototypes. The Brazilian strains of CCoV-IIb displayed an aminoacid insertion that was also described in CCoV-IIb-UCD-1 and TGEV strains. Among the 25 CCoV-positive puppies, five had a fatal outcome, all but one of which were cases of mixed infection. The current study is the first reported molecular characterization of CCoV-I, IIa and IIb strains in Brazil.
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Prof. Hernani Melo, 101, CEP 24210-130 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Erika Moutinho
EM
Costa
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Prof. Hernani Melo, 101, CEP 24210-130 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Tatiana Xavier
TX
de Castro
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Prof. Hernani Melo, 101, CEP 24210-130 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Fernanda de Oliveira
Fde O
Bottino
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Prof. Hernani Melo, 101, CEP 24210-130 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: ritacubel@id.uff.br.
Rita de Cássia Nasser Cubel
Rde C
Garcia
D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D060085:Coinfection; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D000086862:Coronavirus M Proteins; D017939:Coronavirus, Canine / Q000235:genetics*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology*; D004285:Dogs; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017421:Sequence Analysis; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / Q000235:genetics; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D000086862:Coronavirus M Proteins; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; C578555:spike protein, canine coronavirus
Brazil; Canine coronavirus; Enteritis; Genotype; Subtype