[Signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease in patients on topical intraocular pressure-lowering therapy].
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease (OSD) in patients using topical intraocular pressure-lowering therapy.


METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, 40 patients were consecutively recruited from the glaucoma clinic of a public hospital located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Eligible patients were 18 years of age or older, with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension and on the same topical ocular therapy for at least 6 months. The following data were considered: sex, age, medication history and number of years on topical intraocular pressure-lowering therapy. All patients underwent an evaluation of the ocular surface which included: an interview using the Ocular Surface Disease Index® (OSDI®) questionnaire, break-up time, biomicroscopy, fluorescein corneal staining and rose Bengal ocular surface staining.


RESULTS
The mean OSDI® score was 24.6 ± 20.7. Most patients (67.5%) had an abnormal score on the OSDI® questionnaire. In 25% of patients, the score was consistent with mild symptoms, 12.5% with moderate symptoms and 30% with severe symptoms. Blepharitis and punctate keratitis were diagnosed in 42.5% and 20% of patients respectively. Tear film instability was observed in 75% of patients and ocular surface staining with rose Bengal in 35%. A positive statistically significant correlation (r=0.4; p=0.01) was found between OSDI® scores and the duration of topical intraocular pressure-lowering therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension on topical intraocular pressure-lowering therapy have high prevalence of OSD. Longer duration since diagnosis is significantly correlated with worsening of OSD symptoms.
Beatriz
B
Gomes
Paulo Romeu de Freitas
PR
Turiel
Fabiane Pereira
FP
Marques
Fernanda Pessoa
FP
Bernardo
Marcus Vinicius Abbud
MV
Safady
André Luís Freire
AL
Portes
Marcony Rodrigues
MR
Santhiago
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001762:Blepharitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019793:Fluorescein; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D007634:Keratitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D007766:Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013999:Timolol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013876:Thiophenes; D013999:Timolol; C062765:dorzolamide; D019793:Fluorescein