The effects of low-fluoride toothpaste supplemented with calcium glycerophosphate on enamel demineralization.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) in toothpastes with low-fluoride (low-F) concentrations on enamel demineralization by using a bovine enamel and pH cycling model.


METHODS
Experimental toothpastes containing 0 or 500 μg F/g (NaF) and CaGP concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 % were manufactured. A commercial toothpaste was used as a positive control (1,100 μg F/g). After polishing and hardness tests, enamel blocks were subjected to pH cycling for 5 days and toothpaste treatment twice daily. The treatment regimen involved soaking all blocks in the corresponding slurry for 1 min (2 ml/block). Surface and cross-sectional hardness and fluoride concentrations in enamel were analyzed. The hardness data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test. Fluoride concentrations were analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis followed by a Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test.


RESULTS
The mineral loss with the toothpaste containing 500 μg F/g and 0.25 % CaGP was lower than that in the other groups (p < 0.05). Fluoride concentrations in the enamel treated with 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 % CaGP toothpastes were similar to those in the enamel treated with the 500 μg F/g toothpaste (p > 0.05). A greater concentration of CaGP reduced the fluoride levels in enamel (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The results from the present in vitro study show that a low-F (500 μg F/g) toothpaste is capable of maintaining the efficacy of 1,100 μg F/g toothpaste when supplemented with 0.25 % of CaGP.


CONCLUSIONS
The developed toothpaste prevents caries as a standard one and is safe for individuals of any age group.
Universidade Paranaense-Campus Umuarama-Dental School, Av. Tiradentes, 3240-Centro, Umuarama, PR, Cep 87505-090, Brazil.
Ana Carolina Soares Fraga
AC
Zaze
Ana Paula
AP
Dias
Kikue Takebayashi
KT
Sassaki
Alberto Carlos Botazzo
AC
Delbem
D003743:Dental Enamel; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis*; D005994:Glycerophosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D006245:Hardness Tests; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010919:Placebos; D017001:Tooth Demineralization; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry
D005994:Glycerophosphates; D010919:Placebos; D014100:Toothpastes; D005459:Fluorides