Contribution of transforming growth factor α polymorphisms to nonsyndromic orofacial clefts: a HuGE review and meta-analysis.
We performed a meta-analysis of the association of transforming growth factor α gene (TGFA) polymorphisms with the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) or cleft palate (CP). In total, data from 29 studies were pooled for the following 3 polymorphisms: TGFA/TaqI, TGFA/BamHI, and TGFA/RasI in the TGFA gene. A fixed-effects or random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios based on the results from the heterogeneity tests. A significantly increased CL/P or CP risk was observed in persons carrying a C2 allele at the TaqI polymorphism (odds ratio (OR) = 1.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41, 2.05) compared with those with a C1 allele (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.01). For the TGFA/BamHI polymorphism, carriers of the minor A1 allele had an estimated relative decrease in CL/P risk (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.64). These associations remained significant when only high-quality studies were included. However, no significant association was observed between the TGFA/RasI variant and CL/P risk. In summary, this meta-analysis provided a robust estimate of the positive association of the TGFA/TaqI polymorphism with both CL/P and CP and suggests that persons with an A1 allele may have a markedly decreased risk of CL/P.
Xiao-Cheng
XC
Lu
Wan
W
Yu
Yi
Y
Tao
Peng-Lai
PL
Zhao
Kai
K
Li
Lin-Jun
LJ
Tang
Jin-Yu
JY
Zheng
Li-Xin
LX
Li
D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000235:genetics*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000235:genetics*; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000235:genetics*
D005819:Genetic Markers; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha
cleft lip with or without cleft palate; cleft palate; epidemiology; genetic association studies; genetics; meta-analysis; polymorphism; transforming growth factor α