Three-dimensional accuracy of ECOG strip electrode localization using coregistration of preoperative MRI and intraoperative fluoroscopy.
OBJECTIVE
Algorithms that estimate implanted cortical strip electrode coordinates using postoperative skull X-ray coregistration with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been proposed. However, when cortical strip electrodes are inserted for temporary use and removed prior to closure, intraoperative imaging - either fluoroscopy or computed tomography (CT) - must be substituted.


OBJECTIVE
To measure the accuracy of temporarily inserted subdural strip electrode coordinates using intraoperative fluoroscopic coregistration with preoperative MRI compared to intraoperative CT coregistration with preoperative MRI.


METHODS
In 5 patients undergoing movement disorder surgery, preoperative MRI was used to generate a three-dimensional cortical surface manually scaled to fit an intraoperative skull fluorogram with an in situ six-contact subdural electrode strip. Individual contact coordinates were estimated using subjacent gyral and sulcal patterns. Estimated coordinates were compared to reference coordinates obtained by preoperative MRI coregistration with intraoperative CT in the same patients.


RESULTS
Mean electrode coordinate distances between estimated and reference locations were 6.0 ± 0.8 (x-axis, mediolateral), 3.3 ± 0.5 (y-axis, anterior-posterior) and 4.0 ± 0.5 mm (z-axis, superior-inferior; n = 30).


CONCLUSIONS
Localization of temporarily inserted subdural electrodes can be accomplished using preoperative MRI and intraoperative fluoroscopy. The accuracy of this approach is verified by preoperative MRI and intraoperative CT coregistration in the same patients.
UCSF Surgical Movement Disorders Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif., USA.
Nathan C
NC
Rowland
Kai J
KJ
Miller
Philip A
PA
Starr
D000465:Algorithms; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000601:surgery; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013355:Subdural Space / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed