Diversity of oat varieties in eliciting the early inflammatory events in celiac disease.
OBJECTIVE
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy, triggered by dietary gluten. The only treatment is a strict gluten-free diet. Oats are included in the list of gluten-free ingredients by European Regulation, but the safety of oats in CD is still a matter of debate. The present study examined the capability of different oat cultivars of activating the gliadin-induced transglutaminase-2 (TG2)-dependent events in some in vitro models of CD. In addition, we compared this capability with the electrophoresis pattern of peptic-tryptic digests of the proteins of the oat cultivars.


METHODS
K562(S) cells agglutination, transepithelial electrical resistance of T84-cell monolayers, intracellular levels of TG2 and phosphorylated form of protein 42-44 in T84 cells were the early gliadin-dependent events studied.


RESULTS
The results showed that the Nave oat cultivar elicited these events, whereas Irina and Potenza varieties did not. The ability of a cultivar to activate the above-described events was associated with the electrophoretic pattern of oat proteins and their reactivity to anti-gliadin antibodies.


CONCLUSIONS
We found significant differences among oat cultivars in eliciting the TG2-mediated events of CD inflammation. Therefore, the safety of an oat cultivar in CD might be screened in vitro by means of biochemical and biological assays, before starting a clinical trial to definitely assess its safety.
Unit of Human Nutrition and Health, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy, marco.silano@iss.it.
Marco
M
Silano
Elena Penas
EP
Pozo
Francesca
F
Uberti
Sara
S
Manferdelli
Tamara
T
Del Pinto
Cristina
C
Felli
Andrea
A
Budelli
Olimpia
O
Vincentini
Patrizia
P
Restani
D018554:Avena / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002648:Child; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005903:Gliadin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D008297:Male; D010766:Phosphorylation; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D005903:Gliadin; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins