Design, preparation and application of nucleic acid delivery carriers.
Gene delivery vectors must deliver their cargoes into the cytosol or the nucleus, where DNA or siRNA functions in vivo. Therefore it is crucial for the rational design of the nucleic acid delivery carriers. Compared with viral vectors, non-viral vectors have overcome some fatal defections in gene therapy. Whereas the most important issue for the non-viral vectors is the low transfection efficiency, which hinders the progress of non-viral carriers. Sparked by the structures of the virus and understanding of the process of virus infection, various biomimic structures of non-viral carriers were designed and prepared to improve the transfection issues in vitro and in vivo. However, less impressive results are achieved. In this review, we will investigate the evolution of the virus-mimicking carriers of nucleic acids for gene therapy, especially in cancer therapy; explore and discuss the relationship between the structures, materials and functions of the carriers, to provide guidance for establishing safe and highly efficient non-viral carriers for gene therapy.
National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Jun
J
Yang
National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Hongmei
H
Liu
National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. Electronic address: xzhang@home.ipe.ac.cn.
Xin
X
Zhang
D000818:Animals; D032701:Biomimetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism
D008055:Lipids; D008081:Liposomes; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D011108:Polymers; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011094:Polyethyleneimine; D004247:DNA
Dendrimersome; Gene delivery; Liposome; Non-viral vectors; Polymersome