Temperature-dependence of yadBC phenotypes in Yersinia pestis.
YadB and YadC are putative trimeric autotransporters present only in the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis and its evolutionary predecessor, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Previously, yadBC was found to promote invasion of epithelioid cells by Y. pestis grown at 37 °C. In this study, we found that yadBC also promotes uptake of 37 °C-grown Y. pestis by mouse monocyte/macrophage cells. We tested whether yadBC might be required for lethality of the systemic stage of plague in which the bacteria would be pre-adapted to mammalian body temperature before colonizing internal organs and found no requirement for early colonization or growth over 3 days. We tested the hypothesis that YadB and YadC function on ambient temperature-grown Y. pestis in the flea vector or soon after infection of the dermis in bubonic plague. We found that yadBC did not promote uptake by monocyte/macrophage cells if the bacteria were grown at 28 °C, nor was there a role of yadBC in colonization of fleas by Y. pestis grown at 21 °C. However, the presence of yadBC did promote recoverability of the bacteria from infected skin for 28 °C-grown Y. pestis. Furthermore, the gene for the proinflammatory chemokine CXCL1 was upregulated in expression if the infecting Y. pestis lacked yadBC but not if yadBC was present. Also, yadBC was not required for recoverability if the bacteria were grown at 37 °C. These findings imply that thermally induced virulence properties dominate over effects of yadBC during plague but that yadBC has a unique function early after transmission of Y. pestis to skin.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
Annette M
AM
Uittenbogaard
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
Tanya
T
Myers-Morales
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
Amanda A
AA
Gorman
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
Erin
E
Welsh
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
Christine
C
Wulff
Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
B Joseph
BJ
Hinnebusch
Division of General Microbiology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Timo K
TK
Korhonen
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
Susan C
SC
Straley
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D058491:Bacterial Load; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D010930:Plague / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D013696:Temperature; D015010:Yersinia pestis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; C526541:YadB protein, Yersinia pestis; C526542:YadC protein, Yersinia pestis