Universal features of the jamming phase diagram of wet granular materials.
We investigate the influence of the shape of a particle on the structure of the jamming phase diagram of wet granular materials. We compute the jamming phase diagram of wet dimers (two fused disks) and compare it with that of the wet disks. Amplitude of the external force at solidification, i.e., the jamming force F(s), is computed as a function of the packing fraction ϕ, the capillary bridge energy ɛ, and the aspect ratio of dimers α. Based on data collapse, an equation for amplitude of the external force at solidification F(s)(ϕ,ɛ,α) is derived. F(s) has scaling and logarithmic relations with ϕ and ɛ, respectively, exactly the same type reported for wet disks earlier. Interestingly, F(s) does not depend on the aspect ratio of dimers α. The only difference is that wet dimers are found to be more stiffer than wet disks. However, the similarities of the equations describing F(s)(ϕ,ɛ,α) of wet dimers and disks imply that there exists, yet unknown, universal aspects of mechanical response of wet granular materials to the external forces, independent from the particle shape. In addition, we study local orientation of particles and its statistical properties.
Faculty of Physics, Plasma and Condensed Matter Computational Lab, Shahid Madani University of Azarbayjan, Tabriz, Iran and Department of Complex Fluids, Max-Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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Ebrahimnazhad Rahbari
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Khadem-Maaref
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Seyed Yaghoubi