Increased calcium influx triggers and accelerates cortical spreading depression in vivo in male adult rats.
Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a depolarization wave associated with neurological disorders such as migraine, cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. The mechanism of action of this phenomenon still remains unclear. Although it is suggested that extracellular K(+) accumulation contributes to CSD, other ions may play a relevant role in the mechanism of propagation of the wave. In this context, we hypothesize that Ca(2+) may play an important function in the wave propagation. Our results demonstrate that enhancing Ca(2+) influx into the cells by topical cortical application of the ionophore A23187 (10 μM, 50 μM and 100 μM solutions) increases the velocity of CSD propagation in a dose-dependent manner, and a much higher dose of this compound (2 mM) triggers CSD. In conclusion, increased Ca(2+) influx can be a key element in the induction mechanism of the CSD, and should be assessed in further experimental strategies targeting brain disorders related to CSD.
Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
Daniel
D
Torrente
Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Rosângela Figueiredo
RF
Mendes-da-Silva
Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Andréia Albuquerque Cunha
AA
Lopes
Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
Janneth
J
González
Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
George E
GE
Barreto
Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. Electronic address: guedes.rca@gmail.com.
Rubem Carlos Araújo
RC
Guedes
D000818:Animals; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D061207:Calcium Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D013181:Cortical Spreading Depression; D008297:Male; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D061207:Calcium Ionophores; D000001:Calcimycin; D002118:Calcium
Ca(2+) influx; Cortical spreading depression; Ionophore; Rat