The safety of combined sedation with propofol plus fentanyl for endoscopy screening and endoscopic variceal ligation in cirrhotic patients.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to investigate the safety of combined sedation with propofol plus fentanyl in patients with liver cirrhosis during screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy (SEGD) and a secondary prophylaxis for esophageal varices, endoscopic gastrointestinal ligation (EVL).


METHODS
A total of 309 patients with liver cirrhosis were enrolled and divided into the sedated SEGD group (n = 83), the sedated EVL group (n = 137) and the conscious EVL group (n = 89), respectively, and 100 participants with no liver diseases who underwent endoscopy for gastritis were regarded as the sedated control group. Patients in the sedated groups were administrated with propofol plus fentanyl during the endoscopic procedures and their minimal hepatic encephalopathy and sedation-related complications, including aspiration, hypoxia, hypotension and bradycardia, were evaluated and compared. The assessments of patient satisfaction and patient cooperation in the sedated and the conscious EVL groups were conducted.


RESULTS
The incidences of complications during the endoscopic procedures were not significantly different among the sedated groups (20.5% in the sedated SEGD group, 22.6% in the sedated EVL group and 19.0% in the sedated control group). No minimal hepatic encephalopathy was induced in the sedated groups. More patients in the sedated EVL group were satisfactory with the procedure compared with the conscious EVL group, as evaluated by both endoscopists and the cirrhotic patients.


CONCLUSIONS
A combined sedation with propofol plus fentanyl is safe for EVL as well as for SEGD in cirrhotic patients. Sedation might make it easier for endoscopists to perform procedures and might be more acceptable for cirrhotic patients.
Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
Wei
W
Mao
Xiu Qing
XQ
Wei
Jin
J
Tao
Feng Ping
FP
Zhen
Zhuo Fu
ZF
Wen
Bin
B
Wu
D000328:Adult; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008026:Ligation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
D004338:Drug Combinations; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D005283:Fentanyl; D015742:Propofol
endoscopic variceal ligation; esophagogastroduodenoscopy; fentanyl; liver cirrhosis; propofol; sedation