Uscharin, the most potent molluscicidal compound tested against land snails.
Calotropis procera, is a shrub with broad ovate fleshy leaves that grows wild in the Egyptian deserts. The plant was discovered to be highly toxic to the land snailsThepa pisana. The active ingredient responsible for the molluscicidal activity was isolated from its latex by solvent extraction and partitioning and was finally purified by fractional crystallization from 95% aqueous ethanol. The purity of the isolated material was monitored by TLC. Chemical identification was carried out using mass, infrared, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic methods. The active compound was found to be uscharin, and its identity was confirmed by comparing its spectroscopic data with the literature values. The isolated compound was 128 times more toxic than methomyl to the snails tested.
Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Texas Southern University, 77004, Houston, Texas.
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Hussein
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Kamel
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Abou-Zeid
Abdel-Khalek
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El-Sebae
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Saleh