Cigarette smoking and the alveolar bone around teeth and dental implants.
Tobacco is one of the most popular habits among the general population. Tobacco is also an important risk factor for oral cancer, oral mucosal lesions and periodontal diseases. There is substantial evidence suggesting that the risk of oral diseases increases with intensity and duration of tobacco smoking and that smoking cessation results in risk reduction. In this article, the influence of cigarette smoking in the periodontium as well as the alveolar bone will be discussed, highlighting the negative effects on dental implants and implant-related surgery.
Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel. liranl@technion.ac.il
Liran
L
Levin
Ortal
O
Kessler-Baruch
D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D006801:Humans; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016540:Smoking Cessation
D015921:Dental Implants