The isolation and analysis of phenol-soluble modulins of Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) are multifunctional peptide toxins produced by many staphylococcal strains. PSMs have received much recent attention, owing to multiple reports underscoring their importance for staphylococcal pathogenesis. Members of the PSM family may be strongly cytolytic to neutrophils and other cell types; promote inflammatory, receptor-mediated responses in several human cell types; and contribute to biofilm structuring and detachment. Here we describe biochemical methods to isolate, purify, and quantitatively analyze Staphylococcus epidermidis PSMs.
Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Hwang-Soo
HS
Joo
Michael
M
Otto
D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000440:Butanols / Q000737:chemistry; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D019800:Phenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry
D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D000440:Butanols; D012997:Solvents; D019800:Phenol; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid