Rapid loss of vaccine-acquired hepatitis B surface antibody after three doses of hepatitis B vaccination in HIV-infected persons.
HIV-infected individuals have poor responses to hepatitis B vaccine and may have decreased durability of post-vaccination immunity. Retrospective chart review was conducted for HIV-1 positive individuals aged ≥18 years who received hepatitis B vaccine at an urban HIV clinic. A total of 309 patients completed three doses and 178 had post-vaccine serology testing after the third dose. In multivariate analysis, time between the third dose and the first post-vaccine serology testing at 180-359 days (OR = 0.077, p = 0.049) and at ≥360 days (OR = 0.065, p = 0.019) were associated with poor vaccine responses. A significant decrease in seropositivity appeared as early as 180 days after the third vaccine dose, suggesting a rapid loss of vaccine-acquired hepatitis B surface antibody in HIV-infected persons. Our findings suggest that hepatitis B surface antibody should be tested at 6 to 12 months after completing primary vaccine series in order to detect early secondary vaccine failure.
Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, USA.
Masako
M
Mizusawa
David C
DC
Perlman
David
D
Lucido
Nadim
N
Salomon
D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines
AIDS; HIV; hepatitis B; human immunodeficiency virus; post-vaccination immunity; vaccination; vaccine response; viral disease