Characterisation of a type 1 Avian Paramyxovirus belonging to a divergent group.
Newcastle disease, induced by a type 1 Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV-1), is one of the most serious poultry diseases. APMV-1 are divided into two classes based on genetic analysis: class II strains have been recovered from wild or domestic birds and include virulent and avirulent isolates whereas class I strains have been mainly isolated from wild birds and are avirulent. Within class I, a new proposed genotype has recently been reported. The only full genome strain of this group is presently characterised from the point of view of codon usage with reference to class I and class II specificities. Class-specific residues were identified on HN and F proteins that are the two major proteins involved in cell attachment and pathogenicity. Comparison of protein patterns and codon usage for this newly identified APMV-1 strain indicates it is similar to class I viruses but contains a few characteristics close to the viruses of class II. Transmission of viruses from this recently identified divergent group from wild birds to domestic birds could have a major impact on the domestic poultry industry.
Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, France. Electronic address: francois-xavier.briand@anses.fr.
François-Xavier
FX
Briand
Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, France.
Pascale
P
Massin
Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France; European University of Brittany, France.
Véronique
V
Jestin
D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000821:virology; D001717:Birds; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D015707:HN Protein / Q000235:genetics; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D011200:Poultry; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D003062:Codon; D015707:HN Protein; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins
Class-specificity; Codon usage; Genotype; Newcastle disease; Paramyxovirus; Protein pattern