Natriuretic peptides in cardiovascular diseases: current use and perspectives.
The natriuretic peptides (NPs) family, including atrial, B-type, and C-type NPs, is a group of hormones possessing relevant haemodynamic and anti-remodelling actions in the cardiovascular (CV) system. Due to their diuretic, natriuretic, vasorelaxant, anti-proliferative, and anti-hypertrophic effects, they are involved in the pathogenic mechanisms leading to major CV diseases, such as heart failure (HF), coronary artery disease, hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy, and cerebrovascular accidents. Blood levels of NPs have established predictive value in the diagnosis of HF, as well as for its prognostic stratification. In addition, they provide useful clinical information in hypertension and in both stable and unstable coronary artery disease. Structural abnormalities of atrial natriuretic peptide gene (NPPA), as well as genetically induced changes in circulating levels of NPs, have a pathogenic causal link with CV diseases and represent emerging markers of CV risk. Novel NP-based therapeutic strategies are currently under advanced clinical development, as they are expected to contribute to the future management of hypertension and HF. The present review provides a current appraisal of NPs' clinical implications and a critical perspective of the potential therapeutic impact of pharmacological manipulation of this class of CV hormones.
Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Ospedale S. Andrea, Rome, Italy.
Massimo
M
Volpe
Speranza
S
Rubattu
John
J
Burnett
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D045265:Natriuretic Peptides / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000502:physiology; D018570:Risk Assessment
D045265:Natriuretic Peptides
ARNi; Cardiovascular diseases; Genetics; NEP inhibitors; Natriuretic peptides; Natriuretic peptides analogues