Stratification and compartmentalisation of immunoglobulin responses to commensal intestinal microbes.
The gastrointestinal tract is heavily colonized with commensal microbes with the concentration of bacteria increasing longitudinally down the length of the intestine. Bacteria are also spatially distributed transversely from the epithelial surface to the intestinal lumen with the inner mucus layer normally void of bacteria. Maintenance of this equilibrium is extremely important for human health and, as the dominant immunoglobulin at mucosal sites, IgA influences mutualism between the host and its normal microbiota. In this review we focus on the links between immune and microbial geography of the mammalian intestinal tract.
Maurice Müller Laboratories (DKF), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin, University Hospital of Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: andrew.macpherson@insel.ch.
Andrew J
AJ
Macpherson
Kathy D
KD
McCoy
D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015551:Autoimmunity; D001419:Bacteria / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000276:immunology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000276:immunology
D000941:Antigens; D007136:Immunoglobulins
Commensal bacteria; Host-microbial superorganism; Immunoglobulin A; Intestinal homeostasis; Intestinal mucus; Mucosal immunity