Reciprocal effects of platinum and lead on the water household of poplar cuttings.
In order to study the accumulation rates and effects of platinum as influenced by lead, experiments were performed with poplar cuttings in a growth chamber. The heavy metals were added at a final concentration of 34.8 ppb each to nutrient solutions as PtCl4 and Pb(NO3)2. The variants were 1) control; 2) permanent Pt treatment for 6 weeks; 3) pretreatment with Pt plus subsequent treatment with Pb (three weeks each), and 4) heavy metal application in inverse order to variant 3.The experiments revealed that platinum accumulates in the roots of poplar cuttings to a higher degree than lead. It is translocated from the roots to other plant parts to an extremely low degree. Lead is displaced from the roots by subsequent Pt treatment. Insoluble platinum was found to be associated especially on the cell walls of the rhizodermis and exodermis of the root tips.Accumulation of platinum in the roots leads to a gradual depletion of the plants' water supply. The disturbance of the water household causes a reduction of the transpirational surface, lowered transpiration rates and enhanced root growth. All these alterations are induced as a means of coping water stress.From the results of this experiment, the conclusion can be drawn that, under the chosen experimental conditions, platinum manifests a higher toxicity than lead in plant roots because of its higher accumulation rates.
Botanical Institute of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Siesmayerstraße 70, D-60054, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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