Expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma: low p27 expression predicts poor prognosis.
Prognosis of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma is largely unpredictable and there are few practically available markers for predicting patients' prognosis. Dysregulation of cell cycle progression is strongly associated with the development of cancer and the cancer prognosis. We investigated the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma and estimate their value as prognostic predictors. Forty-three cases of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry for the p53, p21, p27, cyclin E, p16, cyclin D1, and phosphorylated Rb (pRb) proteins was performed using archival paraffin blocks. Correlations between clinical features and protein expression were evaluated statistically. Nine patients showed lymph node or distant metastasis, and the remaining patients showed localized disease. High expression of p21, p27, cyclin E, and p16 was found in the majority of tumor cell nuclei, whereas these proteins were rarely expressed in the normal sebaceous glands. However, pRb was focally lost in a subset of cases. Patients showing diffuse p27 expression developed metastasis less commonly than those with negative or focal p27 expression (log-rank test, p = 0.008). Aberrant expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins was observed in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma, suggesting that cell cycle dysregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of this tumor. Decreased p27 expression is a predictive biomarker of an unfavorable prognosis of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma.
Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
Namju
N
Kim
Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology, Seoul Municipal Government - Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: npol181@snu.ac.kr.
Ji Eun
JE
Kim
Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Municipal Government - Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Ho-Kyung
HK
Choung
Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Hospital, Pyongchon, South Korea.
Min Joung
MJ
Lee
Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Sang In
SI
Khwarg
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002453:Cell Cycle; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D005142:Eyelid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012626:Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27
cell cycle; p27; prognosis; sebaceous gland carcinoma