Risk factors for acute decompensation of chronic kidney disease in hospitalized patients in the nephrology department: a case-control study.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) a case-control study was conducted in the Nephrology Department of Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia, for a 1-year period.


METHODS
All patients with baseline renal insufficiency hospitalized for AKI were considered as cases. They were compared with control patients with CKD. A conditional logistic regression model was used to identify independent risk factors for AKI in patients with CKD.


RESULTS
A total of 58 cases were compared with 114 control subjects. In multivariable models, baseline diabetes, cardiopathy disease, and exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were independent risk factors for AKI in patients with CKD. However, exposure to calcium channel blockers (CCBs) was associated with decreased risk for AKI on CKD (OR = 0.4; CI 95%: 0.2 - 0.8, p = 0.007).


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with CKD may benefit from more aggressive cardiovascular screening to prevent episodes of acute kidney injury. More efforts should be made to prevent prescription drug abuse and to demonstrate the role of CCBs in renal protection in these patients.
Lobna Ben
LB
Mahmoud
Antoine
A
Pariente
Khawla
K
Kammoun
Ahmed
A
Hakim
Hanene
H
Ghozzi
Zouheir
Z
Sahnoun
Annie
A
Fourrier
Jamil
J
Hachicha
Khaled
K
Zeghal
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015897:Comorbidity; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006748:Hospital Departments; D006760:Hospitalization; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009398:Nephrology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D014416:Tunisia
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D015415:Biomarkers; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D003404:Creatinine