Sickle cell retinopathy: diagnosis and treatment.
Hemoglobinopathies are a group of inherited disorders characterized by quantitative or qualitative malformations of hemoglobin (Hb). Some of these diseases present vaso-occlusive phenomena that are responsible for high morbidity in clinical and/or ophthalmologic terms. Diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies is performed exclusively through hemoglobin electrophoresis. From the ophthalmologic perspective, the most important representative of this group of diseases is sickle cell retinopathy, which presents a wide spectrum of fundus manifestations and may even lead to irreversible vision loss if not properly diagnosed and treated. The aim of this review is to present the classification of sickle cell retinopathy and to describe current management and future perspectives for its treatment, taking into consideration the clinical management of these patients.
Maria Teresa Brizzi Chizzotti
MT
Bonanomi
Marcelo Mendes
MM
Lavezzo
D003715:Dengue / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006450:Hemoglobin SC Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis; D031300:Retinal Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D012171:Retinal Vessels