IMAGES OF BLACK AMERICANS: Then, "Them," and Now, "Obama!"
Images of Black Americans are becoming remarkably diverse, enabling Barack Obama to defy simple-minded stereotypes and succeed. Understood through the Stereotype Content Model's demonstrably fundamental trait dimensions of perceived warmth and competence, images of Black Americans show three relevant patterns.Stereotyping by omissionallows non-Blacks to accentuate the positive, excluding any lingering negativity but implying it by its absence; specifically, describing Black Americans as gregarious and passionate suggests warmth but ignores competence and implies its lack. Obama's credentials prevented him from being cast as incompetent, though the experience debate continued. His legendary calm and passionate charisma saved him on the warmth dimension.Social class subtypesfor Black Americans differentiate dramatically between low-income Blacks and Black professionals, among both non-Black and Black samples. Obama clearly fit the moderately warm, highly competent Black-professional subtype. Finally, the campaign's events (and nonevents) allowed voterhabituationto overcome non-Blacks' automatic emotional vigilance to Black Americans.
Department of Psychology, Princeton University.
Susan T
ST
Fiske
Hilary B
HB
Bergsieker
Ann Marie
AM
Russell
Lyle
L
Williams
Barack Obama; Class; Habituation; Images; Omission; Prejudice; Stereotypes; Subtyping