Interactions of chromatic and lens-induced defocus during visual control of eye growth in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).
It was recently demonstrated that chromaticity could affect eye growth and refractive development in guinea pigs but it remained unclear whether correction with spectacle lenses could balance these effects and how retinal responses change with different spectral compositions of light. Three illumination conditions were tested: blue, red and white light. Animals were raised without or with monocular spectacle lenses from three to seven weeks of age. Luminance electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded to explore retinal responses with the different spectral compositions. In our special colony of pigmented guinea pigs, characterized by residual hyperopia, spontaneous myopia and poor emmetropization, red light induced early thinning of the choroid and relative myopia, compared to white light. Effects of red light could not be suppressed if positive spectacle lenses were worn. ERGs showed that red light failed to elicit robust retinal responses. Blue light inhibited axial eye growth, even when animals were reared with negative lenses. Intensity-matched blue and white light elicited similar a-waves but different b-waves, suggesting that the wavelength of light affects visual control of eye growth through different processing in the inner retina. We hypothesize that blue light might stimulate preferentially the ON pathway to inhibit myopia induced by negative lenses, at least in guinea pigs.
School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health PR China, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China.
Liqin
L
Jiang
School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health PR China, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China.
Sen
S
Zhang
Section of Neurobiology of the Eye, Ophthalmic Research Institute, Tubingen, Germany.
Frank
F
Schaeffel
School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health PR China, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China.
Shibo
S
Xiong
School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health PR China, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China.
Yibo
Y
Zheng
School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health PR China, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China.
Xiangtian
X
Zhou
School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health PR China, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China.
Fan
F
Lu
School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health PR China, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325003, China. Electronic address: jia.qu@163.com.
Jia
J
Qu
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002829:Choroid / Q000528:radiation effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000528:radiation effects; D005123:Eye / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000503:physiopathology*
Blue light; Chromatic defocus; Guinea pig; Lens-induced refractive errors; Refractive development