Glucagon-like peptide-1: glucose homeostasis and beyond.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone secreted primarily from the intestinal L-cells in response to meals, modulates nutrient homeostasis via actions exerted in multiple tissues and cell types. GLP-1 and its analogs, as well as compounds that inhibit endogenous GLP-1 breakdown, have become an effective therapeutic strategy for many subjects with type 2 diabetes. Here we review the discovery of GLP-1; its synthesis, secretion, and elimination from the circulation; and its multiple pancreatic and extrapancreatic effects. Finally, we review current options for GLP-1-based diabetes therapy, including GLP-1 receptor agonism and inhibition of GLP-1 breakdown, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of different modes of therapy and the potential for new therapeutic avenues.
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, South Korea; email: ymchomd@snu.ac.kr.
Young Min
YM
Cho
Yukihiro
Y
Fujita
Timothy J
TJ
Kieffer
D000818:Animals; D032701:Biomimetics; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010179:Pancreas / Q000502:physiology
D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005947:Glucose