Attitudes towards conscientious objection among community  pharmacists in Poland.
BACKGROUND
The European Council Resolution 1763 (2010), ‘‘The right to conscientious objection in lawful medical care’’, provoked a discussion among Polish pharmacists on the necessity for granting them the right to refuse to dispense medicinal products which invoke conscientious objection.


OBJECTIVE
To explore attitudes of Polish pharmacists towards the conscience clause.


METHODS
Pharmacies with public e-mail addresses in various parts of Poland (Lower Silesia Province, Mazovia Province, Kuyavia-Pomerania Province, and West Pomeranian Province).


METHODS
An online survey questionnaire addressed to 1,454 pharmacies. The participants were asked 8 questions,including a question addressed only to pharmacy managers and owners.


METHODS
Attitudes towards the right to conscientious objection for pharmacists.


RESULTS
Ultimately, responses of 126 pharmacists (83 women, 43 men, average age-39 years of age) were taken into consideration. Most participants (92 %) have never refused to fill a prescription due to their beliefs; however, 15 % of participants state that if the conscience clause were legally sanctioned, they would exercise this right. Most participants(73 %) think that pharmacists should not have the right to conscientious objection. Almost half of participants who support implementation of the conscience clause would grant this right to pharmacists on a conditional basis, if the pharmacists were obliged to present other real options to the patient about obtaining a specific product.


CONCLUSIONS
Pharmacists are rather reluctant to the idea of implementing the conscience clause, but despite a clear majority of its opponents, there seems to be a necessity for introducing such a regulation.
Anna
A
Piecuch
Malwina
M
Gryka
Małgorzata
M
Kozłowska-Wojciechowska
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003242:Conscience; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010594:Pharmacies; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000523:psychology*; D011044:Poland