Episodes of horizontal gene-transfer and gene-fusion led to co-existence of different metal-ion specific glyoxalase I.
Glyoxalase pathway plays an important role in stress adaptation and many clinical disorders. The first enzyme of this pathway, glyoxalase I (GlxI), uses methylglyoxal as a substrate and requires either Ni(II)/Co(II) or Zn(II) for activity. Here we have investigated the origin of different metal ion specificities of GlxI and subsequent pattern of inheritance during evolution. Our results suggest a primitive origin of single-domain Ni dependent GlxI [Ni-GlxI]. This subsequently evolved into Zn activated GlxI [Zn-GlxI] in deltaproteobacteria. However, origin of eukaryotic Zn-GlxI is different and can be traced to GlxI from Candidatus pelagibacter and Sphingomonas. In eukaryotes GlxI has evolved as two-domain protein but the corresponding Zn form is lost in plants/higher eukaryotes. In plants gene expansion has given rise to multiple two-domain Ni-GlxI which are differentially regulated under abiotic stress conditions. Our results suggest that different forms of GlxI have evolved to help plants adapt to stress.
1] International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Aruna Asaf Ali Marg 110 067 New Delhi, India [2] [3].
Charanpreet
C
Kaur
Anchal
A
Vishnoi
Thilini Udayangani
TU
Ariyadasa
Alok
A
Bhattacharya
Sneh Lata
SL
Singla-Pareek
Sudhir Kumar
SK
Sopory
D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002384:Catalysis; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D050939:Gene Fusion; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D007477:Ions / Q000378:metabolism*; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D021381:Protein Transport; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase