title: Copy number variation of Fc gamma receptor genes in HIV-infected and HIV-tuberculosis co-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa.
abstract: AIDS, caused by the retrovirus HIV, remains the largest cause of morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa yet almost all genetic studies have focused on cohorts from Western countries. HIV shows high co-morbidity with tuberculosis (TB), as HIV stimulates the reactivation of latent tuberculosis (TB). Recent clinical trials suggest that an effective anti-HIV response correlates with non-neutralising antibodies. Given that Fcγ receptors are critical in mediating the non-neutralising effects of antibodies, analysis of the extensive variation at Fcγ receptor genes is important. Single nucleotide variation and copy number variation (CNV) of Fcγ receptor genes affects the expression profile, activatory/inhibitory balance, and IgG affinity of the Fcγ receptor repertoire of each individual. In this study we investigated whether CNV of FCGR2C, FCGR3A and FCGR3B as well as the HNA1 allotype of FCGR3B is associated with HIV load, response to highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and co-infection with TB. We confirmed an effect of TB-co-infection status on HIV load and response to HAART, but no conclusive effect of the genetic variants we tested. We observed a small effect, in Ethiopians, of FCGR3B copy number, where deletion was more frequent in HIV-TB co-infected patients than those infected with HIV alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lee R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bowdrey
authors.forename: Eliford
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ngaimisi
authors.forename: Abiy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Habtewold
authors.forename: Omary
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Minzi
authors.forename: Eyasu
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Makonnen
authors.forename: Getnet
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yimer
authors.forename: Wondwossen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Amogne
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mugusi
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Janabi
authors.forename: Getachew
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aderaye
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mugusi
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viskaduraki
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aklillu
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hollox
mesh_terms: D017954:Africa South of the Sahara; D000906:Antibodies / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D060085:Coinfection / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; C496124:FCGR3A protein, human; C428200:FCGR3B protein, human; C080572:Fc gamma receptor IIC; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D017452:Receptors, IgG