title: [Retinal vasculopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: a case of lupus vasculitis and a case of non-vasculitis venous occlusion].
abstract: METHODS
  Two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus presented with vision loss, and were diagnosed with retinal vasculopathy. Patient 1 had occlusive vasculitis with macular oedema and retinal ischaemia in the right eye. Corticosteroid therapy was increased and intravenous rituximab added. Intravitreal therapy and panretinal photocoagulation were performed. Patient 2 presented with a left central retinal vein occlusion without vasculitis but was on anticoagulation therapy due to having an antiphospholipid syndrome. Both patients maintained a stable visual acuity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Occlusive lupus retinal vasculitis has severe visual and systemic consequences (central nervous system vasculitis). It is crucial to differentiate it from standard vascular occlusion syndromes.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Retina y Segmento Posterior, Institut Clínic de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic y Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: m.figueras.roca@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Figueras-Roca
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Retina y Segmento Posterior, Institut Clínic de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic y Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Retina y Segmento Posterior, Institut Clínic de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic y Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mesquida
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Retina y Segmento Posterior, Institut Clínic de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic y Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pelegrín
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Retina y Segmento Posterior, Institut Clínic de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic y Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Llorens
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Retina y Segmento Posterior, Institut Clínic de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic y Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fontenla
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Retina y Segmento Posterior, Institut Clínic de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic y Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adán
mesh_terms: D000074:Acenocoumarol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007511:Ischemia / Q000209:etiology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D031300:Retinal Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D000069283:Rituximab; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
chemical_list: D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000925:Anticoagulants; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000069283:Rituximab; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D000074:Acenocoumarol; D011241:Prednisone
keywords: Antiphospholipid syndrome; Lupus; Oclusión venosa; Rituximab; Síndrome antifosfolípido; Vasculitis; Vein occlusion