title: Interpersonal distances, coping strategies and psychopathology in patients with depression and schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore (1) intergroup differences in comfortable interpersonal distances (CIDs) and the use of coping strategies; (2) the association of these parameters with individual symptomatology; and (3) the interplay between CIDs and coping styles in patients with depression and schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The parameters of interest were assessed by means of standardized questionnaires: CID and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations. Psychopathology was evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory and Positive and Negative Syndromes Scale. ANOVA, Pearson's correlations and multiple regression analyses were used to examine relationships among the variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with controls, depressed patients were more distanced from family members, significant others and self-images, whereas patients with schizophrenia were less distanced from neutral and threat-related stimuli. Distancing from self-images was mostly associated with depression severity in depressed patients, whereas distancing from hostile and threat-related stimuli with the severity of psychotic and affective symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Both patient groups used more emotion-oriented than task-oriented and avoidance-oriented coping strategies. Self-distancing among patients with schizophrenia was positively associated with the use of the social diversion coping, implying social support seeking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with depression and schizophrenia use different maladaptive emotion - regulation strategies to cope with their symptoms and related distress. Training in stress management might provide these patients with skills for more effective emotion regulation.
authors.affiliation: Alexander M Ponizovsky, Paula Rosca, Mental Health Services, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem 9446724, Israel.
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ponizovsky
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Finkelstein
authors.forename: Inna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Poliakova
authors.forename: Dimitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mostovoy
authors.forename: Nehama
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goldberger
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rosca
keywords: Coping strategies; Depression; Interpersonal distance; Psychopathology; Schizophrenia