title: Multifunctional AS1411-functionalized fluorescent gold nanoparticles for targeted cancer cell imaging and efficient photodynamic therapy.
abstract: Herein, one multifunctional AS1411-functionalized fluorescent gold nanoparticles (named NAANPs) is synthesized and successfully applied for both targeted cancer cell imaging and efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT). The NAANPs are obtained by functionalizing the gold nanoparticles with AS1411 aptamer and then bound with one porphyrin derivative N-methylmesoporphyrin IX (NMM). Using HeLa cells over expressing nucleolin as representative cancer cells, the formed NAANPs can target to the cell surface via the specific AS1411-nucleolin interaction, which can discriminate the cancer cells from normal ones (e.g. HEK293) unambiguously. That the fluorescence intensity of NMM increased significantly upon binding to AS1411 G-quadruplex makes the NAANPs appropriate fluorescence reagent for cell imaging. Meanwhile, NMM can also be used as a photosensitizer, thus irradiation of the NAANPs by the white light from a common electric torch can lead to efficient production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species for establishing a new type of PDT to cancer cells. Gold nanoparticles play the roles of both carrier and enhancer of the functional groups onto the cells. In addition, they not only possess inherently certain cytotoxicity to the cancer cells, but also boost the cellular uptake of the fluorescent groups. As a result, the efficiency of both the targeted cell imaging and PDT could be ensured.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Yuanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Baohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Erkang
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D052157:Aptamers, Nucleotide; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D011524:Protoporphyrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: C513936:AGRO 100; D052157:Aptamers, Nucleotide; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011524:Protoporphyrins; D006046:Gold
keywords: 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide; AS1411 combined with NMM; AS1411-NMM; AS1411-functionalized; AS1411-functionalized fluorescent gold nanoparticles; CD; Cell imaging; Fluorescent gold nanoparticles; LSCM; MTT; N-methylmesoporphyrin IX; NAANPs; NMM; PBS; PDT; Photodynamic therapy; ROS; TCEP; TEM; circular dichroism; laser scanning confocal microscope; phosphate buffered saline; photodynamic therapy; reactive oxygen species; transmission electron microscope; tris(β-chloroethyl)phosphate