title: Red flags in bedside ultrasonography for surgical cases.
abstract: Bedside ultrasonography is highly accurate in evaluating hypotension, even if performed by nonradiologist. Here we report three cases presenting with hypotension to the trauma room. In the first case, limited bedside ultrasonography demonstrated dilatation of the inferior vena cava and loss of respiratory variation in diameter. In further evaluation, dilated aortic root, massive pericardial effusion, collapse of right heart chambers, and a dissection flap at the anterior wall of base of ascending aorta were detected. With these findings, the patient was sent to the operation room with a diagnosis of DeBakey type 2 aortic dissection in approximately 15 min. In the second case, bedside ultrasonography demonstrated absence of pleural movements and comet tail artifacts on the right lung region of the patient. Together with deterioration of the vital signs, the patient was diagnosed as right-sided pneumothorax and underwent the tube thoracostomy. In the third case, bedside ultrasonography revealed the presence of free fluid in Morrison's pouch and splenorenal space in a hypotensive patient with a blunt abdominal trauma. He was consulted with general surgery department and was sent to the operation room without further diagnostic evaluation. In these cases, we emphasized the key role of bedside ultrasonography in hypotensive patients.
authors.affiliation: Izmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Research and Training Hospital Izmir Turkey.
authors.forename: Erden Erol
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Unlüer
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karagöz
keywords: bedside ultrasonography; free fluid in the abdomen; hypotension; pericardial effusion; pneumothorax