title: The most effective rescuer's position for cardiopulmonary resuscitation provided to patients on beds: a randomized, controlled, crossover mannequin study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effectiveness of chest compressions for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is affected by the rescuer's position with respect to the patient. In hospitals, chest compressions are typically performed while standing beside the patient, who is placed on a bed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of chest compressions, performed on a bed during 2 min of CPR, among three different rescuer positions: standing, on a footstool, or kneeling on the bed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a crossover randomized simulation trial. Participants were recruited from among students in the Department of Paramedics from July to August 2011. Thirty-eight participants were enrolled, and they performed chest compressions on a mannequin for 2 min in each of the three different positions, with a 1-week interval between each position.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of adequate compressions (depth > 50 mm) and the mean compression depth were significantly greater in the kneeling and footstool positions than in the standing position, but there was no significant difference between the kneeling and footstool positions. There were no significant differences in the compression rate, the percentage of correctly released compressions, and the percentage of compressions performed using the correct hand position among the three rescuer positions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mean compression depth and the number of adequate compressions were greater for both the kneeling and footstool positions than for the standing position during 2 min of CPR. We recommend kneeling on a bed or standing on a footstool as the rescuer positions during hospital CPR on a bed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Emergency Medicine, Daejin Medical Center, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Sungnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chong Kun
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Masan University, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han Ho
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Masan University, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Na Kyoung
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Kyungnam University, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Yul
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, School of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Younghwan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Youn
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D016544:Patient Simulation; D011187:Posture; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: beds; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; fatigue; heart massage; position