title: Comparison of different fungal agar for the environmental monitoring of pharmaceutical-grade cleanrooms.
abstract: In relation to a growth in reported incidents of fungal contamination of pharmaceutical products, there has been a developing interest by U.S. and U.K. regulators concerning the risk of fungi. This paper describes a study undertaken to examine the suitability of different commercially available mycological agars for the environmental monitoring of pharmaceutical-grade cleanrooms. Five agars were evaluated in relation to the detection of both numbers and different species of fungi (yeasts and moulds). The objective was to determine if one mycological medium is more suitable than another. Data was collected using different sampling techniques (settle plates, active air samples, and contact plates) from different locations within representative cleanrooms. Samples were taken over a 3 month time period. The study results indicated that fungi are not distributed evenly across cleanrooms and that that the prevalence of fungi partly relates to the room design and operation. In relation to the different agar types, the study indicated that Sabouraud dextrose agar was the most effective at detecting the widest number of different types of isolates, and that Sabouraud dextrose agar and malt extract agar were the most efficient in terms of the numbers of recovered isolates. Other media, notably potato dextrose agar, was relatively less effective.
  There has been an increased regulatory concern about the presence of fungi in cleanrooms. Some environmental monitoring regimes are not especially orientated towards the examination of fungi, and it may be that special agars are required. Given the choice of different agars available, this paper outlines a case study where different fungal agars were evaluated. The study showed that Sabouraud dextrose agar was the optimal agar.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gebala
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sandle
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar; D003470:Culture Media; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005658:Fungi; D015003:Yeasts
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D000362:Agar
keywords: Agar; Cleanroom; Environmental monitoring; Fungi; Microorganisms; Mycological; Quality control