title: Serum level of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 as a biomarker of disease activity in relapsing polychondritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to identify a serum biomarker for evaluating the disease activity of relapsing polychondritis (RP).
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured and compared serum levels of 28 biomarkers potentially associated with this disease, including soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), in 15 RP patients and 16 healthy donors (HDs). We divided the 15 RP patients into active RP (n = 8) and inactive RP (n = 7) groups, depending on the extent of the disease, and compared candidate markers between groups. The localization of membrane-bound TREM-1 in the affected tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum levels of sTREM-1, interferon-γ, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinases-3 were significantly higher in RP patients than HDs. Among these markers, sTREM-1 had the highest sensitivity and specificity (86.7 and 86.7 %, respectively). Furthermore, the serum level of sTREM-1 was significantly higher in active RP patients than inactive RP patients (p = 0.0403), but this was not true for hs-CRP or COMP. TREM-1 was expressed on endothelial cells in RP lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The serum level of sTREM-1 may be a useful marker of disease activity in RP.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine , 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216-8512 , Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamano
authors.forename: Utano
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tomaru
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagafuchi
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Teruomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yudoh
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011081:Polychondritis, Relapsing / Q000097:blood*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000097:blood*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C408842:TREM1 protein, human; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1