title: Combined reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner with a single femoral tunnel.
abstract: Combined injuries involving the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterolateral corner (PLC) occur in approximately 10% of complex knee injuries. The current tendency is to reconstruct both the ACL and the structures of the PLC. In injuries involving multiple ligaments, a potential problem in the reconstruction is the convergence of tunnels in the lateral walls of the femur. As a solution to this problem, we propose a combined technique for reconstruction of the ACL and PLC with a single tunnel in the lateral femoral wall. Combined ACL/PLC reconstruction is performed with 2 semitendinosus tendons and 1 gracilis tendon. The technique consists of making a tunnel in the lateral wall of the femur, from the outside in, at the isometric point, for reconstruction of the collateral ligament and popliteus tendon, and emerging in the joint region at the anatomic point of the ACL reconstruction. The graft is passed from the tibia to the femur with the double gracilis tendon and the simple semitendinosus tendon; the remaining portions are left for reconstruction of the structures of the PLC. This technique is very effective in terms of minimizing the number of tunnels, but it does rely on having grafts of adequate size.
authors.affiliation: Knee Group, IOT-HCFMUSP (Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology - Hospital and Clinics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Angelini
authors.forename: Camilo Partezani
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Helito
authors.forename: Mateus R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Tozi
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pozzobon
authors.forename: Marcelo Batista
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Bonadio
authors.forename: Ricardo G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Gobbi
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pecora
authors.forename: Gilberto L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Camanho