title: Reduced-calorie avocado paste attenuates metabolic factors associated with a hypercholesterolemic-high fructose diet in rats.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of reduced-calorie avocado paste on lipid serum profile, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in rats fed a hypercholesterolemic-high fructose diet. Thirty five male Wistar rats were randomly separated in five groups: Control group (ground commercial diet); hypercholesterolemic diet plus 60% fructose solution (HHF group); hypercholesterolemic diet plus 60% fructose solution supplemented with avocado pulp (HHF+A group); hypercholesterolemic diet plus 60% fructose solution supplemented with reduced-calorie avocado paste (HHF+P group); and hypercholesterolemic diet plus 60% fructose solution supplemented with a reduced-calorie avocado paste plus fiber (HHF+FP group). The A, P, and FP were supplemented at 2 g/kg/d. The study was carried out for seven weeks. Rats belonging to the HHF group exhibited significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher total cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin levels in serum as well as lower insulin sensitivity than the control group. Supplementation with reduced-calorie avocado paste showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in total cholesterol (43.1%), low-density lipoprotein (45.4%), and triglycerides (32.8%) in plasma as well as elevated insulin sensitivity compared to the HHF group. Additionally, the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase decreased significantly in the HHF-P group (39.8 and 35.1%, respectively). These results are likely due to biocompounds present in the reduced-calorie avocado paste, such as polyphenols, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and dietary fibre, which are capable of reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, reduced-calorie avocado paste attenuates the effects of a hypercholesterolemic-high fructose diet in rats.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n Col. Casco de Santo Tomás, México, D.F, 11340, México.
authors.forename: María Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pahua-Ramos
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garduño-Siciliano
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dorantes-Alvarez
authors.forename: German
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chamorro-Cevallos
authors.forename: Julieta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herrera-Martínez
authors.forename: Obed
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Osorio-Esquivel
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Moreno
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D027421:Persea / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005632:Fructose; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase