title: Histone deacetylase activity is required for embryonic posterior lateral line development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The posterior lateral line (PLL) system in zebrafish has recently become a model for investigating tissue morphogenesis. PLL primordium periodically deposits neuromasts as it migrates along the horizontal myoseptum from head to tail of the embryonic fish, and this migration requires activity of various molecular mechanisms. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been implicated in numerous biological processes of development, by regulating gene transcription, but their roles in regulating PLL during embryonic development have up to now remained unexplored.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we used HDAC inhibitors to investigate the role of HDACs in early development of the zebrafish PLL sensory system. We further investigated development of the PLL by cell-specific immunostaining and in situ hybridization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our analysis showed that HDACs were involved in zebrafish PLL development as pharmacological inhibition of HDACs resulted in its defective formation. We observed that migration of PLL primordium was altered and accompanied by disrupted development of PLL neuromasts in HDAC inhibitor-treated embryos. In these, positions of PLL neuromasts were affected. In particular, the first PLL neuromast was displaced posteriorly in a treatment dose-dependent manner. Primordium cell proliferation was reduced upon HDAC inhibition. Finally, we showed that inhibition of HDAC function reduced numbers of hair cells in PLL neuromasts of HDAC inhibitor-treated embryos.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Here, we have revealed a novel role for HDACs in orchestrating PLL morphogenesis. Our results suggest that HDAC activity is necessary for control of cell proliferation and migration of PLL primordium and hair cell differentiation during early stages of PLL development in zebrafish.
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shou
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D053403:Lateral Line System / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008465:Mechanoreceptors / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology*; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; C488363:HDAC1 protein, zebrafish; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1