title: Risk factors associated with high blood pressure in two-to five-year-old children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Over recent decades, the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) has increased among children. Several risk factors are involved in the genesis of high BP during childhood, and their early identification can prevent the development of that disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of high BP and associated factors in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, population-based study, carried out at the household. This study included 276 two- to five-year-old children in the city of Goiânia, state of Goiás, and assessed their BP, sociodemographic characteristics, birth weight, high BP family history, passive smoking, maternal breastfeeding, dietary habits, sedentary lifestyle and nutritional status. Poisson regression was used to assess the association between risk factors and high BP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Their mean age was 3.1 ± 0.79 years, and high BP and overweight were observed in 19.9% and 11.2% of the children, respectively. Direct association of high BP was identified with age [prevalence ratio (PR) = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.2 - 4.8; p = 0.017] and overweight (PR = 2.0; 95%CI: 1.2 - 3.6; p = 0.014). No other variable associated with high BP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of high BP in children was high. Overweight and younger children had greater prevalence of high BP.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Goiás, GoiásGO, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paula Azevedo Aranha
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Crispim
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Goiás, GoiásGO, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria do Rosário Gondim
authors.initials: Mdo R
authors.lastname: Peixoto
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Goiás, GoiásGO, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo César Brandão Veiga
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Jardim
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000886:Anthropometry; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors