title: Sickle cell disease and HIV: a case highlighting management challenges for children in a resource-limited setting.
abstract: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder resulting from a mutation in the hemoglobin (Hb) gene. Sickle cell disease results in chronic anemia and a variety of acute and chronic complications that can lead to early mortality. A child with both SCD and HIV presents a management challenge, particularly in a resource-limited setting. In this case report, we describe the case of an 18-month-old Kenyan girl with SCD and HIV who developed a severe hypersensitivity reaction to first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). Selecting an appropriate drug substitute for a child with SCD and HIV presents a management dilemma when the available options have problematic side effect profiles or are inaccessible or inappropriate according to national guidelines. The challenges in choosing an appropriate ART regimen for a child with SCD and HIV highlight the lack of data and scarcity of treatment options for pediatric patients.
authors.affiliation: Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya.
authors.forename: Esther Brenda
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Odera
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kwobah
authors.forename: Geren
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Faraj
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Some
authors.forename: Rachel Christine
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Vreeman
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000209:etiology; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019468:Disease Management; D018450:Disease Progression; D063926:Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006295:Health Resources / Q000600:supply & distribution; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007630:Kenya
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: HIV; antiretroviral therapy; comorbidity; sickle cell disease