title: Spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of vascular pathology.
abstract: Multiple studies have shown proved efficacy of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The exact mechanism by which SCS acts in the treatment of PVD is not completely understood, and may include stimulating the release of nitric oxide, modulation of the sympathetic nervous system, or modulation of prostaglandin production. Patient selection criteria have been well defined and SCS should be reserved for patients with end-stage lower limb PVD unresponsive to medical therapy and not amenable to surgical reconstruction but in whom disease has not caused inevitable limb loss. This article reviews the outcomes, techniques, patient selection criteria, and putative mechanisms of SCS for PVD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University, 480 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Milind
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deogaonkar
authors.forename: Zion
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zibly
authors.forename: Konstantin V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Slavin
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D059408:Pain Management; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D062187:Spinal Cord Stimulation / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Critical limb ischemia; Peripheral arterial disease; Peripheral vascular disease; Spinal cord stimulation; Spinal neuromodulation