title: Resistance exercise leading to failure versus not to failure: effects on cardiovascular control.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute effects of resistance exercise (RE) leading to failure and RE that was not to failure on 24 h blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) in sedentary normotensive adult women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten women (33.2 ± 5.8 years; 159.3 ± 9.4 cm; 58.0 ±6.4 kg; body fat 28.4 ± 2.8%) randomly underwent three experimental sessions: control (40 minutes of seated rest), RE leading to failure with 3 sets of 10 repetitions maximum (10-RM), and RE not to failure at 60% of 10-RM with 3 sets of 10 repetitions. Immediately post session BP and HRV were measured for 24 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ratings of perceived exertion and heart rate were higher during the 10-RM session when compared with 60% of 10-RM (6.4 ± 0.5 vs 3.5 ± 0.8 and 123.7 ± 13.9 vs 104.5 ± 7.3 bpm, respectively). The systolic, diastolic and mean BP decreased at 07:00 a.m. after the 10-RM session when compared with the control session (-9.0 ± 7.8 mmHg, -16.0 ± 12.9 mmHg and -14.3 ± 11.2 mmHg, respectively). The root mean square of the squared differences between R-R intervals decreased after both the 60% of 10-RM and 10-RM sessions compared with the control session.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An acute RE session leading to failure induced a higher drop of BP upon awakening, while both RE sessions reduced cardiac parasympathetic modulation. RE may be an interesting training strategy to acutely decrease BP in adult women.
authors.forename: Jéssica Cardoso
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: De Souza
authors.forename: Ramires Alsamir
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Tibana
authors.forename: Claudia Regina
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cavaglieri
authors.forename: Denis César Leite
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Nuno Manuel Frade
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: De Sousa
authors.forename: Felipe Augusto Dos Santos
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.forename: Vitor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tajra
authors.forename: Wagner Rodrigues
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Darlan Lopes
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: De Farias
authors.forename: Sandor
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balsamo
authors.forename: James Wilfred
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Navalta
authors.forename: Carmen Silvia Grubert
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia 71966-700, Brazil. jonatop@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jonato
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prestes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*