title: Novel MRI finding for diagnosis of invasive placenta praevia: evaluation of findings for 65 patients using clinical and histopathological correlations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review established magnetic resonance (MR) criteria and describe a new MR finding for the diagnosis of invasive placenta praevia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of prenatal MRI examinations of 65 patients (median age: 35 years) who underwent MR for the screening of invasive placenta praevia. All MRIs were performed on a 1.5-T unit, including axial, coronal and sagittal T2-weighted half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin echo imaging. Fifteen patients were diagnosed with invasive placenta praevia. Two experienced radiologists reviewed the MR images and evaluated a total of six MRI features of the placenta, including our novel finding of the placental protrusion into the internal os (placental protrusion sign). Inter-rater reliability was assessed by using kappa statistics. Features with a kappa statistic >0.40 were evaluated using Fisher's two-sided exact test for comparison of their capabilities for placental invasion assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interobserver reliability was moderate or better for the intraplacental T2 dark band, intraplacental abnormal vascularity, uterine bulging, heterogeneous placenta and placental protrusion sign. Fisher's two-sided exact test results showed all these features were significantly associated with invasive placenta praevia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel MRI finding of a placental protrusion sign is a useful addition to the established MRI findings for the diagnosis of invasive placenta praevia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Prenatal diagnosis for an invasive placenta is essential for perinatal planning. • Magnetic resonance imaging provides useful information for the diagnosis of invasive placenta. • The placental protrusion sign is a useful novel MRI finding for predicting invasive placenta.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan, yonu0121@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.forename: Fumi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suenaga
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanimura
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Kazuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology*; D010923:Placenta Previa / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies