title: Planning among nurse managers in district hospitals in Ghana.
abstract: This article reports the results of a study that explored the planning practices of nurse managers at ward level, their knowledge of planning process and the factors that influence effective planning. Although the practice of planning was almost universal, half the participants had no knowledge of the process, and this knowledge gap was traced to a lack of educational preparation before their appointment. In-service training, support from management and staff, and funding were identified as major factors influencing effective planning at ward level. The authors recommend that prospective nurse managers have educational preparation before they take up these positions and nurse managers already in post have capacity-building training in planning.
authors.affiliation: Presbyterian Hospital, Donkorkrom, Ghana.
authors.forename: James Avoka
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Asamani
authors.forename: Esther Oforiwaa
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Kwafo
authors.forename: Adelaide Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ansah-Ofei
mesh_terms: D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D005869:Ghana; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006767:Hospitals, District / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D009718:Nurse Administrators / Q000193:education* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010934:Planning Techniques; D011446:Prospective Studies