title: Physicochemical properties of granular and non-granular cationic starches prepared under ultra high pressure.
abstract: Granular and non-granular cationic starches were prepared through the reaction of tapioca and corn starches with 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (ETMAC) using conventional and ultra high pressure (UHP)-assisted reactions. The cationic starches were characterized with respect to morphology, degree of substitution (DS), FT-IR, (13)C NMR, X-ray diffraction pattern, solubility and swelling power, pasting viscosity, and flocculating activity. Non-granular (relative to granular) cationic starches possessed higher DS values. While DS values of non-granular cationic starches were lower for UHP-assisted (relative to conventional) reaction, granular cationic starches did not differ for both reactions. For flocculation activity, granular cationic starches with lower solubility and higher swelling power were higher than non-granular counterparts with reversed patterns in solubility and swelling power, regardless of conventional and UHP-assisted reactions. Overall results suggested that flocculation activity of cationic starches may be directly associated with their swelling powers (relative to DS values).
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Seochun 1, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon-Je
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Hyun-Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyun-Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyungjae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wooki
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dae-Ok
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung-Yong
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Moo-Yeol
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Baik
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D005427:Flocculation; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D002365:Manihot / Q000737:chemistry; D011312:Pressure; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014783:Viscosity; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013213:Starch; D062065:Wastewater; C045006:glycidyl trimethylammonium
keywords: Flocculating activity; Non-granular and granular cationic starch; Physicochemical properties; UHP-assisted cationization reaction; Ultra high pressure (UHP)