title: Cementoplasty for managing painful bone metastases outside the spine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To illustrate the effect of treatment with cementoplasty in patients with painful bone metastases in the extraspinal region.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted to review 51 consecutive patients who underwent cementoplasty under CT or fluoroscopic guidance, a total of 65 lesions involving the ilium, ischium, pubis, acetabulum, humeral, femur and tibia. In 5 patients with a high risk of impending fracture in long bones based on Mirels' scoring system, an innovative technique using a cement-filled catheter was applied. The clinical effects were evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS) preoperatively and postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were treated successfully with a satisfying resolution of painful symptoms at 3 months' follow-up. Cement leakage was found in 8 lesions without any symptoms. VAS scores decreased from 8.19 ± 1.1 preoperatively to 4.94 ± 1.6 at 3 days, 3.41 ± 2.1 at 1 month and 3.02 ± 1.9 at 3 months postoperatively. There was a significant difference between the mean preoperative baseline score and the mean score at all of the postoperative follow-up points (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cementoplasty is an effective technique for treating painful bone metastases in extraspinal regions, which is a valuable, minimally invasive, method that allows reduction of pain and improvement of patients' quality of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Metastases in long bones may cause pain and subsequent pathological fractures. • Cement-filled catheter resulted in a fixation effect to prevent pathological fractures. • Cementoplasty resulted in significant pain relief in patients with extraspinal metastases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Jinan Military General Hospital, No. 25, Shifan Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, China, 250031, cjr.sungang@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Xun-wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000077:Acetabulum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D060826:Cementoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006811:Humerus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D007085:Ilium / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D059408:Pain Management; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements