title: Cancer multidrug resistance: mechanisms involved and strategies for circumvention using a drug delivery system.
abstract: Multidrug resistance (MDR), the principal mechanism by which many cancers develop resistance to chemotherapy, is one of the major obstacles to the successful clinical treatment of various types of cancer. Several key regulators are responsible for mediating MDR, a process that renders chemotherapeutic drugs ineffective in the internal organelles of target cells. A nanoparticulate drug delivery system (DDS) is a potentially promising tool for circumventing such MDR, which can be achieved by targeting tumor cells themselves or tumor endothelial cells that support the survival of MDR cancer cells. The present article discusses key factors that are responsible for MDR in cancer cells, with a specific focus on the application of DDS to overcome MDR via the use of chemotherapy or macromolecules.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
authors.forename: Golam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kibria
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.forename: Hideyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harashima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D053758:Nanoparticles; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers