title: Plasma zinc in adults with cystic fibrosis: correlations with clinical outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Zinc status has been previously documented in cystic fibrosis (CF) infants, children and adolescents. However, despite the increasing life expectancy observed in CF populations, data regarding zinc status of CF adults are surprisingly lacking. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize zinc status and (2) explore associations between zinc status and clinical outcomes of CF adult patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was performed for patients who had their plasma zinc measured between 2009 and 2012. Data included demographics, clinical characteristics, biochemical parameters and co-morbid conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 304 CF patients were included in the study. These patients displayed a good nutritional status (mean BMI±SD: 22.7±3.5) and moderate lung disease (mean FEV1±SD: 66.3±22.2). Low plasma zinc concentration (<9.2μmol/L) was found in 68 out of 304 CF patients (22.4%). Compared to patients with normal zinc, those with low zinc had significantly lower forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second. 72% of CF adults with low zinc suffered from bone disease (vs 49% with normal zinc, p=0.037) and 79% had impaired glycemic status (vs 58%, p=0.016). Accordingly, negative correlations were found between plasma zinc and glucose (r=-0.139, p=0.0001), HbA1c (r=-0.237, p=0.0001) and fructosamine (r=-0.134, p=0.034). In multiple linear regression, albumin and glycemic status were significant predictors of plasma zinc.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicated that nearly one quarter of CF adults with good nutritional status and moderate lung disease had low plasma zinc concentration and that low zinc status was associated with worse clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7.
authors.forename: Veronic
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Damphousse
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) - Hôtel-Dieu, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1T8.
authors.forename: Marjolaine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mailhot
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) - Hôtel-Dieu, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1T8; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Platform for Research on Obesity, Metabolism, and Diabetes (PROMD), Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Berthiaume
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7; Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) - Hôtel-Dieu, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1T8; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Platform for Research on Obesity, Metabolism, and Diabetes (PROMD), Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7.
authors.forename: Remi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rabasa-Lhoret
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7; Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3T 1C5. Electronic address: genevieve.mailhot@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Genevieve
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mailhot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015032:Zinc
keywords: BMI; CF; CF-related diabetes; CFRD; Cystic fibrosis; FEV(1); FVC; HbA1c; INR; Retrospective study; Zinc; Zn; body mass index; cystic fibrosis; forced expiratory volume in one second; forced vital capacity; glycated haemoglobin; international normalized ratio; zinc