title: Increased serum HMGB1 is related to oxidative stress in patients with atrial fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between the serum concentration of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and oxidative stress in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with AF (paroxysmal or persistent) and matched control subjects were recruited. Serum HMGB1 concentration and malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum hs-CRP and HMGB1 concentrations and MDA activity were significantly higher in patients with persistent AF (n = 33) or paroxysmal AF (n = 53) than in controls (n = 30). Serum SOD activity was significantly lower in both patient groups than in controls. In the patient group, HMGB1 concentration was significantly positively correlated with MDA activity (r = 0.535), and negatively correlated with SOD activity (r = -0.491). MDA, SOD, hs-CRP and HMGB1 were significant independent predictors of AF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased oxidative stress may contribute to increased HMGB1 concentrations in patients with AF. Inhibition of oxidative stress may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for AF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China.
authors.forename: Yongbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xiaorong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C585491:HMGB1 protein, human; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: High mobility group box 1 protein; atrial fibrillation; inflammation; oxidative stress