title: Neonatal outcomes after the transfer of vitrified blastocysts: closed versus open vitrification system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increasing evidence indicates that closed vitrification has been successfully used in the cryopreservation of human oocytes and embryos. Little information is available regarding the neonatal outcome of closed blastocysts vitrification. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of blastocyst vitrification using a high-security closed vitrification system compared with an open vitrification system.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 332 vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer cycles between April 2010 and May 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The post-thaw survival rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, and neonatal outcome were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the open vitrification group and the close vitrification group regarding the post-thaw survival rate (98% versus 95.8%), clinical pregnancy rate (47.6% versus 42.2%), implantation rate (42.9% versus 35.6%), and live birth rate (39.8% versus 32.1%). In total, 332 warming cycles produced 131 healthy babies. There were no significant differences in the mean gestational age, the birth weight, and the birth length between the two groups. No adverse neonatal outcomes were observed in the children born after the transfer of closed vitrified blastocysts compared with the transfer of open vitrified blastocysts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that blastocyst vitrification using a closed vitrification device seems safe and effective with results comparable to those obtained through open vitrification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China. bysylp@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001755:Blastocyst / Q000502:physiology*; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012189:Retrospective Studies