title: Performance criteria and specifications for laminated plastic sex pheromone dispenser forHelicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
abstract: Biological and chemical evaluations of a plastic laminate sex pheromone dispenser forHelicoverpa zea (Boddie) were made in central Texas. Based on these evaluations, the following performance criteria and specifications are suggested for a dispenser to be effective for two weeks: (1) 1.27 × 2.54-cm size; (2) 400-μm thick orange PVC outer layers; (3) 1.25 mg of a blend of (Z)-11-hexadecenal, (Z)-9-hexadecenal, (Z)-7-hexadecenal, and hexadecanal in a ratio of 87∶3∶2∶8 formulated in the adhesive reservoir layer; (4) release rate in the range of 0.12-0.33 gJhrJdispenser, as measured in the laboratory at 35°C; and (5) residual pheromone content in the range of 0.55-1.25 mgJdispenser during the period of use.
authors.affiliation: USDA, ARS, Crop Insect Pests Management Research Unit, Rt. 5, Box 808, 77845, College Station, Texas.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Leonhardt
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Shaver