title: Capillary electrophoresis of urinary prostate glycoproteins assists in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
abstract: Prostate marker assays are widely used for detection of prostate cancer (PCa) but are associated with considerable sensitivity and specificity problems. Therefore, we investigated prostatic protein glycosylation profiles as a potential biomarker. We determined the urinary asparagine-linked glycan (N-glycan) profile of prostatic proteins of healthy volunteers (n = 25), patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH; n = 62) and newly diagnosed PCa patients (n = 42) using DNA-sequencer-assisted fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis. Through squeezing of the prostate, a sufficient amount of prostatic proteins was obtained for direct structural analyses of N-glycan structures. N-glycans of PCa compared to BPH were characterized by a significant decrease in triantennary structures (p = 0.047) and overall fucosylation (p = 0.026). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the urinary glycoprofile marker showed comparable overall receiver operating characteristic curve analysis as well as in the diagnostic gray zone with serum PSA values between 4 and 10 μg/L. However, when combining PSA and the urinary glycoprofile marker, the latter gave an additive diagnostic value to serum PSA (p ≤ 0.001). In conclusion, N-glycosylation profiling demonstrated differences between BPH and PCa. These changes could lead to the discovery of a new biomarker for PCa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Tijl
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vermassen
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Praet
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vanderschaeghe
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maenhout
authors.forename: Nicolaas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lumen
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Callewaert
authors.forename: Piet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoebeke
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Belle
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rottey
authors.forename: Joris
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delanghe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000652:urine; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*; D012372:ROC Curve; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006023:Glycoproteins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
keywords: Asparagine-linked glycosylation; Benign prostate hyperplasia; Diagnostic marker; Prostate cancer; Prostate-specific antigen