title: Are mammaglobin and GCDFP-15 sensitive markers for diagnosis of metastatic basal-like triple negative breast carcinomas?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are small studies on expression of mammaglobin and GCDFP-15 for detection of basal-like triple negative breast cancer. This type of cancer has shorter survival and higher mortality rate. There must be reliable markers for detecting this type of tumor especially in metastatic cases with unknown origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study we assessed 66 paraffin blocks of breast cancers previously diagnosed as triple negative subtype in Mehr hospital (Tehran, Iran) by tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry technique for expression of mammaglobin and GCDFP-15.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GCDFP-15 was positive in 12 cases (18.2%) and the other 54 (81.8%) cases remained negative. Mammaglobin was positive only in 6 cases (9.1%) and the remaining 60 (90.9%) cases were negative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to recent studies and our findings, there is no useful immunohistochemical marker for detection of breast source in cases of metastatic triple negative breast cancer with unknown origin and we must try hard to discover more accurate immunohistochemical markers for these highly metastatic breast cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Firuzgar Hospital, TEHRAN, IRAN ISLAMIC REPUBLIC.
authors.forename: Nasser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rakhshanı
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daryakar
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007492:Iran; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D060765:Secretoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C488892:PIP protein, human; D060765:Secretoglobins