title: Does optimal follicular size in IUI cycles vary between clomiphene citrate and gonadotrophins treatments?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate pregnancy-related leading follicles during ovulation induction and superovulation with clomiphene citrate (CC) or gonadotropin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five hundred and forty-two women who underwent a total of 615 treatment cycles with CC or gonadotropin.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the effects of CC and gonadotropin on the leading follicles, clinical pregnancy rates and miscarriage rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of follicles larger than 15 mm in the different protocols was comparable. In those treated with CC, the diameter of the dominant follicles before human chorionic gonadotropins (hCG) trigger in the conception cycles (20.4 ± 1.2 mm) was significantly larger than in the non-conception cycles (18.8 ± 1.9 mm). In women treated with gonadotropin, the diameter of the leading follicle in the conception cycles (18.5 ± 1.7 mm) was comparable to that in the non-conception cycles (18.2 ± 1.7 mm). The pregnancy-related diameter of the leading follicle in CC cycles (20.4 ± 1.2 mm) was significantly larger than that in gonadotropin cycles (18.8 ± 1.9 mm; p = 0.001; 95% CI, -2.2 to -0.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pregnancy-related diameter of the leading follicle in CC cycles is significantly larger than that in gonadotropin cycles and the best time for hCG trigger in the CC cycle is when the leading follicle reaches 20 mm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, QC , Canada.
authors.forename: Einat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shalom-Paz
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marzal
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiser
authors.forename: Jordana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hyman
authors.forename: Togas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tulandi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D006062:Gonadotropins; D002996:Clomiphene