title: Protease-dependent hemagglutinin cleavage contributes to alteration in chicken hemagglutination by the H3N2 influenza A virus.
abstract: The human influenza A virus (H3N2) has been the predominant influenza strain since 1992, and one property of this virus is non-agglutination of chicken erythrocytes [Ch(-) virus]. The Ch(-) virus in our study was able to acquire chicken hemagglutination [Ch(+)] by trypsin passage but not by chymotrypsin passage. Moreover, the trypsin-passaged Ch(+) viruses reacquired the Ch(-) property after a further chymotrypsin passage. In particular, genetic analysis showed no evidence of mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA) gene during either trypsin or chymotrypsin passages: the only differences found were in the HA cleavage sites between the trypsin-passaged virus and the chymotrypsin-passaged virus as determined by the N-terminal amino acid sequence. These results suggested that protease-dependent differences at the viral HA cleavage site, rather than genetic mutations, are likely to have a significant effect on the viral ability to produce chicken hemagglutination.
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University.
authors.forename: Masaoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasahara
authors.forename: Aldise Mareta
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nastri
authors.forename: Luh Ade Wilan
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Krisna
authors.forename: Edith Frederika
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Purhito
authors.forename: Emmanuel Djoko
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Poetranto
authors.forename: Laksmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wulandari
authors.forename: Resti
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yudhawati
authors.forename: Landia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Setiawati
authors.forename: Retno Asih
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Setyoningrum
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D002918:Chymotrypsin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006384:Hemagglutination / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D012692:Serial Passage; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D006388:Hemagglutinins; D002918:Chymotrypsin; D014357:Trypsin