title: Research productivity of Pakistan in medical sciences during the period 1996-2012.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the degree of research outcome in medical science subjects in Pakistan during the period 1996-2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, the research papers published in various global science journals during the period 1996-2012 were accessed. We recorded the total number of research documents having an affiliation with a Pakistan. The main source for information was Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science, Thomson Reuters and SCI-mago/Scopus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In global science, Pakistan contributed 58133 research papers in all science and social sciences both in ISI and non ISI indexed journals. However, in medical sciences the total number of research papers from Pakistan are 25604, citable documents 23874, citations 128061, mean citations per documents 6.45 and mean Hirsch index is 35.33. In Pakistan, the upward trend of articles published in global medical science was from the period 1996-2008. However, from 2008 the trend is markedly declined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pakistan significantly improved its international ranking positions in research during the period 2000-2008. However, the upward trend of research papers published in global medical science could not be retained and from the year 2008 the trend started declining. This trend of research papers further declined in year 2012 compared to year 2011. It is suggested that, Pakistan must take strategic steps to enhance the research culture and increase the research and development expenditure in the country.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University Diabetes Centre, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. sultanmeo@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Meo
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Almasri
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Usmani
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D010154:Pakistan; D010506:Periodicals as Topic