title: Partial nitrification of wastewaters with high NaCl concentrations by aerobic granules in continuous-flow reactor.
abstract: Wastewaters with high salinity are yielded that need sufficient treatment. This study applied aerobic granules to conduct partial nitrification reactions for wastewaters with high NaCl concentrations in a continuous-flow reactor. The present granules revealed partial nitrification performances at nitrite accumulation rate >95% and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal at >85% at salt concentration up to 50 g l(-1). High salinity led to compact and tough granules. The granules applied electrogenic ion pump and sodium-calcium exchanger to reduce intracellular Na(+) concentration; generated amino acids as osmoprotectants to resist the high osmotic pressure; produced excess extracellular polysaccharides and proteins with secretion of c-di-GMP; revised microbial community with halophilic strains. The present continuous-flow aerobic granule reactor (CFAGR) is a promising process to convert ammonium in highly saline wastewaters to nitrite, which can be applied with a subsequent Anammox process for efficient nitrogen removal.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Chunli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Electronic address: djleetw@yahoo.com.tw.
authors.forename: Duu-Jong
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Supu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000032:analysis; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D058645:Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; D007477:Ions / Q000032:analysis; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D058465:Nitrification; D012212:Rheology; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012996:Solutions; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001704:Biopolymers; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D007477:Ions; D012722:Sewage; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012996:Solutions; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Aerobic granules; Continuous-flow reactor; Microbial community; NaCl; Osmoprotectants