title: Hydration with saline decreases toxicity of mice injected with calcitriol in preclinical studies.
abstract: The effectiveness of saline injection in reducing the toxicity profile of calcitriol when coadministered in mice was evaluated. Mortality was used as an end point to study the toxic effects of calcitriol; the relative risk of mortality in mice injected with saline was evaluated from our previously published animal experiments. We discovered that coadministration with 0.25 mL normal saline solution injected intraperitoneally is associated with a lower mortality rate than calcitriol given alone. The estimated relative risk of mortality was 0.0789 (95% confidence interval, 0.0051-1.22; z = 1.82; P = 0.070) when saline is administered with calcitriol compared to calcitriol alone. There was a reduction in serum calcium levels in mice that received saline (11.4 ± 0.15 mg/dL) compared to mice that did not receive saline (12.42 ± 1.61 mg/dL). Hydration with saline seems to reduce mortality and toxicity in mice receiving calcitriol. Given the decrease in mortality rates, intraperitoneal injections of saline should be considered in studies involving mice receiving injections of calcitriol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Amir A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Azari
authors.forename: Mozhgan R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kanavi
authors.forename: Soesiawati R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Darjatmoko
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyungmann
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Heather D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Albert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015996:Survival Rate; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists; D004338:Drug Combinations; D014807:Vitamin D; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D002117:Calcitriol; D002118:Calcium