title: An evaluation of Ficoll density gradient centrifugation as a method for eliminating microbial contamination and purifying plant protoplasts.
abstract: Ficoll density gradient centrifugation was used to generate sterile protoplasts from non-sterile Pteridium cultures. The method was found to drastically reduce levels of fungal and bacterial contamination introduced prior to centrifugation whilst concentrating and purifying protoplasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Attree
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sheffield