title: Essential roles of LEM-domain protein MAN1 during organogenesis in Xenopus laevis and overlapping functions of emerin.
abstract: Mutations in nuclear envelope proteins are linked to an increasing number of human diseases, called envelopathies. Mutations in the inner nuclear membrane protein emerin lead to X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, characterized by muscle weakness or wasting. Conversely, mutations in nuclear envelope protein MAN1 are linked to bone and skin disorders. Both proteins share a highly conserved domain, called LEM-domain. LEM proteins are known to interact with Barrier-to-autointegration factor and several transcription factors. Most envelopathies are tissue-specific, but knowledge on the physiological roles of related LEM proteins is still unclear. For this reason, we investigated the roles of MAN1 and emerin during Xenopus laevis organogenesis. Morpholino-mediated knockdown of MAN1 revealed that MAN1 is essential for the formation of eye, skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues. The MAN1 knockdown could be compensated by ectopic expression of emerin, leading to a proper organ development. Further investigations revealed that MAN1 is involved in regulation of genes essential for organ development and tissue homeostasis. Thereby our work supports that LEM proteins might be involved in signalling essential for organ development during early embryogenesis and suggests that loss of MAN1 may cause muscle and retina specific diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Electron Microscopy, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany. Electronic address: m.reil@biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reil
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dabauvalle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005124:Eye Abnormalities / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D038081:Organogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C485769:LEMD3 protein, Xenopus; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C092710:emerin
keywords: Emerin; LEM-domain; MAN1; Nuclear envelope; Organogenesis; Xenopus laevis