title: Primary and secondary surveys on epidemiology of Sjögren's syndrome in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the epidemiology of Sjögren's syndrome (SS), including prevalence, disease type, extra-glandular involvement, satisfaction of diagnostic criteria sets, and treatment used in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Research Team for Autoimmune Diseases, the Research Program for Intractable Disease by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare conducted primary and secondary surveys on epidemiology of SS in 2011. The primary survey covered 4,729 out of 14,095 Japan-wide Hospital Departments to investigate the prevalence of SS. The secondary survey encompassed 214 Hospital Departments that agreed to the survey, to characterize disease type, extra-glandular involvement, satisfaction of diagnostic criteria sets, and treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of patients with SS in Japan estimated by the primary survey was 68,483. The secondary survey involving data collected from 2,195 SS patients from 98 Hospital Departments showed that the mean age of patients was 60.8 ± 15.2 years, male/female ratio was 1/17.4, primary/secondary SS was about 60%/40% and glandular/extra-glandular form in primary SS was about 70%/25%. The satisfaction rate was 53.8% for the 1999 revised Japanese Ministry of Health criteria for the diagnosis of SS, 47.7% for the 2002 American-European Consensus Group classification criteria for SS and 49.6% for 2012 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SS. Corticosteroids were used by 752 of 2,195 patients (34%), immunosuppressants by 358 patients (16%), biologics by 68 patients (3%) and secretagogues by 695 patients (32%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The surveys provided valuable information on the epidemiology of SS including prevalence, disease type, extra-glandular involvement, satisfaction of diagnostic criteria sets and treatments used today in Japan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asashima
authors.forename: Chinatsu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hagiya
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokosawa
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Hisanori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Umehara
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsubota
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Takamura
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Tsuneyo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mimori
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshifuji
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sumida
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents