title: Stepwise histone modifications are mediated by multiple enzymes that rapidly associate with nascent DNA during replication.
abstract: The mechanism of epigenetic inheritance following DNA replication may involve dissociation of chromosomal proteins from parental DNA and reassembly on daughter strands in a specific order. Here we investigated the behaviour of different types of chromosomal proteins using newly developed methods that allow assessment of the assembly of proteins during DNA replication. Unexpectedly, most chromatin-modifying proteins tested, including methylases, demethylases, acetyltransferases and a deacetylase, are found in close proximity to PCNA or associate with short nascent DNA. Histone modifications occur in a temporal order following DNA replication, mediated by complex activities of different enzymes. In contrast, components of several major nucleosome-remodelling complexes are dissociated from parental DNA, and are later recruited to nascent DNA following replication. Epigenetic inheritance of gene expression patterns may require many aspects of chromatin structure to remain in close proximity to the replication complex followed by reassembly on nascent DNA shortly after replication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petruk
authors.forename: Kathryn L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Sina K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kovermann
authors.forename: Hugh W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Brock
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004261:DNA Replication; D004330:Drosophila / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008745:Methylation; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D006657:Histones; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins; C113295:pho protein, Drosophila; D004247:DNA; C487898:Art1 protein, Drosophila; C487899:Art4 protein, Drosophila; D008780:Methyltransferases; C512966:HDAC1 protein, Drosophila; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1