title: A microreactor with phase-change microvalves for batch chemical synthesis at high temperatures and pressures.
abstract: We present a simple microreactor with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) phase-change valves suitable for performing batch organic chemistry under high temperature and pressure conditions. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate a radiofluorination reaction important in the synthesis of [(18)F]FAC, a new positron emission tomography biomarker for immune system monitoring and prediction of chemotherapy response. We achieved high radioactivity recovery (97 ± 1%, n = 3) and conversion efficiency (83 ± 1%, n = 3), comparable to that achieved with macroscale systems, but with a volume 30× smaller. This platform overcomes the limitations of previously reported phase-change valves in terms of compatibility with organic chemistry, and extends the range of reaction conditions for carrying out harsh batch chemistry at the microscale.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. mvandam@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Xiaoxiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Wei-Yu
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eddings
authors.forename: Pei Yuin
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Keng
authors.forename: R Michael
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: van Dam
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011312:Pressure
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide