title: The effect of facilitated tucking position during endotracheal suctioning on physiological responses and coping with stress in premature infants: a randomized controlled crossover study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Premature infants respond more intensively to pain compared with term infants. Facilitated tucking position as a non-pharmacological method of pain in infants has been suggested; however, its effect on acute procedural pain such as endotracheal suctioning remains to be studied. This study examined the effect of facilitated tucking position during suctioning on physiological responses and coping with stress in premature infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized controlled crossover study. Thirty-four premature infants received an order of either suctioning with intervention - suctioning without intervention, or suctioning without intervention - suctioning with intervention. Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) was used to collect the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistical significant difference was seen between intervention and non-intervention cases in terms of the average time duration to reach the pain score to one or zero, and also, in the average of changes in oxygen saturation. However, changes in heart rate were less in intervention cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of facilitated tucking position on coping with stress was not found in this study. This non-pharmacological strategy can be suggested because of its effect on reducing changes in heart rate during painful procedure. It is suggested to replicate the study with larger number of samples.
authors.affiliation: Center for Nursing Care Research, Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peyrovi
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alinejad-Naeini
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mohagheghi
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehran
mesh_terms: D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D060867:Facilitated Tucking; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013396:Suction / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Endotracheal intubation; facilitated tucking; infant; pain; preterm; stress; suctioning