title: A mentorship-based preclinical elective increases exposure, confidence, and interest in surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The predicted shortage of surgeons is of growing concern with declining medical student interest in surgical careers. We hypothesized that earlier exposure to operative experiences and the establishment of resident mentors through a preclinical elective would enhance student confidence and interest in surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a preclinical elective in surgery, which served as an organized curriculum for junior medical students to experience surgery through a paired resident-mentorship model. We assessed student exposure and confidence with clinical activities before and after the elective (N = 24, 100% response rate). We compared these students with a cohort of peers not enrolled in the elective (N = 147, 67% response rate).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significantly improved confidence (2.8 vs 4.4) and clinical exposure (2.4 vs 4.3) before versus after the elective, with precourse scores equal to matched peers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This elective incorporates elements that have been shown to positively influence student decision making in surgical career choice. The mentorship model promotes residents as educators, whereas the elective provides a means for early identification of students interested in surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Plastic Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, 2 Dudley Street, COOP 500, Providence, RI 02902, USA. Electronic address: bdrolet@lifespan.org.
authors.forename: Brian C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Drolet
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Suma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sangisetty
authors.affiliation: The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI USA.
authors.forename: Patrick M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Mulvaney
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ryder
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Cioffi
mesh_terms: D002321:Career Choice; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003479:Curriculum; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000379:methods*; D008611:Mentors; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Curriculum development; Medical students; Residents; Surgical education