title: Solution-based carbohydrate synthesis of individual solid, hollow, and porous carbon nanospheres using spray pyrolysis.
abstract: A facile and scalable solution-based, spray pyrolysis synthesis technique was used to synthesize individual carbon nanospheres with specific surface area (SSA) up to 1106 m(2)/g using a novel metal-salt catalyzed reaction. The carbon nanosphere diameters were tunable from 10 nm to several micrometers by varying the precursor concentrations. Solid, hollow, and porous carbon nanospheres were achieved by simply varying the ratio of catalyst and carbon source without using any templates. These hollow carbon nanospheres showed adsorption of to 300 mg of dye per gram of carbon, which is more than 15 times higher than that observed for conventional carbon black particles. When evaluated as supercapacitor electrode materials, specific capacitances of up to 112 F/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g were observed, with no capacitance loss after 20,000 cycles.
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, and ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.
authors.forename: Chengwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jake
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Graser
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: O'Connell
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004566:Electrodes; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D054118:Nanospheres / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D016062:Porosity; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013818:Thermogravimetry
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D008670:Metals; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D010087:Oxides; D002244:Carbon