title: Advanced neuroimaging techniques for central neuromodulation.
abstract: Deep brain stimulation an effective treatment of many neurologic conditions such as Parkinson disease, essential tremor, dystonia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Structural and functional neuroimaging studies provide the opportunity to visualize the dysfunctional nodes and networks underlying neurologic and psychiatric disease, and to thereby realize new targets for neuromodulation as well as personalize current therapy. This article reviews contemporary advances in neuroimaging in the basic sciences and how they can be applied to redirect and propel functional neurosurgery toward a goal of functional localization of targets with individualized maps and identification of novel targets for other neuropsychiatric diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 2 Tampa General Circle, 7th Floor, Tampa, FL 33606, USA. Electronic address: adownes@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Downes
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pouratian
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D059906:Neuroimaging; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures
keywords: 7 T MRI; Brain mapping; DTI; Deep brain stimulation (DBS); Functional imaging; fMRI