title: The use of bovine pericardium for complex urologic venous reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the use of bovine pericardium (BP) in several scenarios for venous patching and as a tubularized graft in urologic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  BP was used as patch or tubularized graft in 7 patients between 2010 and 2013. Clinical scenarios and operative indications were reviewed. We used BP as a patch graft for the inferior vena cava (IVC) (N = 3) and for the iliac venous system (N = 1) to restore venous outflow. Tubularized grafts were used (N = 2) to replace the left renal vein in oncology procedures and during renal autotransplantation (N = 1). Surgical technique is reviewed in detail.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We used BP as a venous patching in 4 cases and as a tubularized graft in 3 cases. There was no evidence of venous thrombosis of the replaced system with a mean of 14.8 months (range, 9-26) follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of BP as a patch or tubularized graft is an option for complicated urologic venous reconstruction. Although the follow-up interval is relatively short and this initial series small, our initial results are promising.
authors.affiliation: Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH. Electronic address: sarahlacy.coleman@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.affiliation: Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.affiliation: Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Krishnamurthi
authors.affiliation: Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Alvin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wee
authors.affiliation: Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Islam
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ghoneim
authors.affiliation: Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rabets
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010496:Pericardium / Q000637:transplantation*; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000601:surgery*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult