title: The high-affinity phosphodiesterase BcPde2 has impact on growth, differentiation and virulence of the phytopathogenic ascomycete Botrytis cinerea.
abstract: Components of the cAMP signaling pathway, such as the adenylate cyclase Bac and the protein kinase A (PKA) were shown to affect growth, morphogenesis and differentiation as well as virulence of the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. While loss of Bac caused drastically reduced intracellular cAMP levels, deletion of the PKA resulted in extremely increased cAMP concentrations. To regulate the intracellular level of the second messenger cAMP, a balance between its biosynthesis through adenylate cyclase activity and its hydrolysis by phosphodiesterases (PDEs) is crucial. Here, we report the functional characterization of the two PDEs in the ascomycete B. cinerea, BcPde1 and BcPde2. While deletion of bcpde2 resulted in severely affected vegetative growth, conidiation, germination and virulence, the bcpde1 deletion strain displayed a wild-type-like phenotype. However, the double bcpde1/2 deletion mutant exhibited an even stronger phenotype. Localization studies revealed that BcPde2 accumulates at the plasma membrane, but is also localized in the cytoplasm. BcPde1 was shown to be distributed in the cytoplasm as well, but also accumulates in so far unknown mobile vesicles. Overexpression of bcpde1 in the Δbcpde2 background rescued the deletion phenotype, and in addition an increased transcript level of bcpde1 in the Δbcpde2 strain was observed, indicating redundant functions of both PDEs and an interdependent gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harren
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brandhoff
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knödler
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tudzynski
mesh_terms: D020171:Botrytis / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D009024:Morphogenesis; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000242:Cyclic AMP; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases