title: Effect of Gmelina arborea Roxb in experimentally induced inflammation and nociception.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gmelina arborea Roxb (Verbenaceae), also known as "Gambhari", is an important medicinal plant in the Ayurveda. There are no meticulous scientific reports on effect of the plant on inflammation and pain.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties of aqueous extracts (AE) and methanol extracts (ME) of G. arborea.
  
  
  METHODS
  The AE and ME of stembark of G. arborea was prepared by cold maceration and Soxhlet extraction technique respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined in Wistar albino rats in a model of acute plantar inflammation induced by carrageenan. The anti-nociceptive activity was evaluated by using hot plate test and writhing test in Swiss albino mice. Significant differences between the experimental groups were assessed by analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AE and ME at dose of 500 mg/kg showed maximum inhibition in carrageenan induced inflammation up to 30.15 and 31.21% respectively. In hot plate test, the AE and ME showed the maximum response of 8.8 ± 0.97 (P < 0.01) and 8.2 ± 1.24 (P < 0.01) respectively at dose of 500 mg/kg when compared with control. AE showed maximum inhibition of writhing response (84.3%) as compared to ME (77.9%) in writhing test at a dose of 500 mg/kg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggested that G. arborea possess significant anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, SPP-School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS University, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Yogesh A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Ritesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Panjabi
authors.forename: Vishvas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Aditi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tawade
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gokhale
keywords: Analgesic; Gmelina arborea; anti-nociceptive; hot plate test; rat paw edema; writhing test