title: Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the mitogen-activated protein kinase gene family from banana suggest involvement of specific members in different stages of fruit ripening.
abstract: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important components of the tripartite mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade and play an important role in plant growth and development. Although members of the MAPK gene family have been identified in model plants, little information is available regarding this gene family in fruit crops. In this study, we carried out a computational analysis using the Musa Genome database to identify members of the MAPK gene family in banana, an economically important crop and the most popular fruit worldwide. Our analysis identified 25 members of the MAP kinase (MAPK or MPK) gene family. Phylogenetic analyses of MPKs in Arabidopsis, Oryza, and Populus have classified these MPKs into four subgroups. The presence of conserved domains in the deduced amino acid sequences, phylogeny, and genomic organization strongly support their identity as members of the MPK gene family. Expression analysis during ethylene-induced banana fruit ripening suggests the involvement of several MPKs in the ethylene signal transduction pathway that are necessary for banana fruit ripening. Analysis of the cis-regulatory elements in the promoter regions and the involvement of the identified MPKs in various cellular processes, as analyzed using Pathway Studio, suggest a role for the banana MPK gene family in diverse functions related to growth, development, and the stress response. This report is the first concerning the identification of members of a gene family and the elucidation of their role in various processes using the Musa Genome database.
authors.affiliation: National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
authors.forename: Mehar Hasan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Asif
authors.forename: Deepika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lakhwani
authors.forename: Sumya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pathak
authors.forename: Sweta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhambhani
authors.forename: Sumit K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bag
authors.forename: Prabodh Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Trivedi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000235:genetics; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D028521:Musa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005030:Ethylenes; C036216:ethylene; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases