title: Liver hydrolysate assists in the recovery from physical fatigue in a mouse model.
abstract: It is reported that liver hydrolysate (LH) enhances liver function. However, the effects of LH on physical fatigue are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LH on alterations in locomotor activity and energy metabolism such as 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), glycogen content, and blood lactic acid, after forced walking. Adult male ddY mice were used. Locomotor activity, AMPK phosphorylation, and glycogen content in the liver and soleus muscle, as well as blood lactic acid were determined following LH treatment before and/or after forced walking. The locomotor activity significantly decreased after forced walking for 3 h. Two administrations of LH (30 or 100 mg/kg) significantly increased the locomotor activity, while a single administration either before or after forced walking did not show any specific effect. Administering LH twice activated AMPK in the liver and soleus muscle. Glycogen levels significantly decreased in both the liver and soleus muscle after forced walking, whereas the blood lactate level significantly increased. In contrast, administering LH twice increased muscle glycogen and decreased blood lactic acid. These findings indicate that LH produced an anti-fatigue effect and that this effect appears to involve the efficient glycogen utilization through activation of AMPK.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nakagawasai
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nemoto
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukahori
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tadano
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tan-No
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D005221:Fatigue / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008110:Liver Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C102901:2,3-dihydroxypropylmethacrylate; D008110:Liver Extracts; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D019344:Lactic Acid; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases