title: Distribution of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) in rural field, rural village and urban areas of northern China.
abstract: Atmospheric PM10 were measured for 12 months at 18 sites along a 2500 km profile across northern China. Annual mean PM10 concentrations in urban, rural village, and rural field sites were 180 ± 171, 182 ± 154, and 128 ± 89 μg/m(3), respectively. The similarities in PM10 concentrations between urban and rural village sites suggest that strong localized emissions and severe contamination in rural residential areas are derived from solid fuels combustion in households. High PM10 concentrations in Wuwei and Taiyuan were caused by either sandstorms or industrial activities. Relatively low PM10 concentrations were observed in coastal areas of Dalian and Yantai. Particulate air pollution was much higher in winter and spring than in summer and fall. Multiple regression analysis indicates that 35% of the total variance can be attributed to sandstorms, precipitation and residential energy consumption. Over 40% of the measurements in both urban and rural village areas exceeded the national ambient air quality standard.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongqijie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Chenyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Tongchao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Huizhong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuanchen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, CAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Xilong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Geosciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.
authors.forename: Raymond M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Coveney
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China. Electronic address: taos@urban.pku.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007221:Industry; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D012424:Rural Population; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Ambient air; China; PM(10); Rural