title: Grander system: a new technology to reduce surface tension of adhesive systems in dentistry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reduced surface tension of liquids results in higher surface wetting ability and diffusivity by the substrate.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the Grander Technology in reducing the surface tension of adhesive systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two adhesive systems (self-etch and total-etch) were modified by physical contact with the Grander system Flexible unit to revitalize water, for 48 h. Surface tension of adhesive systems and water in normal and grander-modified conditions was measured with a goniometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed a reduction of surface tension for all conditions grander-modified between 3-15%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Grander Technology was effective in reducing the surface tension of the Single Bond and Clearfil SE Bond adhesive systems. Clinical significance. Grander technology was employed to restructure the molecular structure of water-based adhesive systems, which can increase their wetness capacity and therefore ensure a greater diffusibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista , São José dos Campos, SP , Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio Eduardo de Paiva
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Nilson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brayner
authors.forename: Maria Filomena Rocha Lima
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Huhtala
authors.forename: Alessandra Bühler
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: Daphne Câmara
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Barcellos
mesh_terms: D003738:Dental Cements; D003813:Dentistry; D006801:Humans; D013500:Surface Tension
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements