title: Antidepressant pharmacogenetics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article reviews recent literature published over the period March 2012-August 2013 on antidepressant pharmacogenetics, with a focus on clinical translation and methodological challenges.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recently, various polymorphisms associated with differential antidepressant efficacy, tolerability, and safety have emerged in association studies, but mixed findings, limited effect sizes, and poor control of confounders have prevented findings translating to practice. Although promising steps have been made, empirically robust clinically translatable pharmacogenetic tests are not yet established. The complex neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) together with the evolving understanding of genetic processes present research challenges for clinical translation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early reports of clinical utility are published. The current evidence base for antidepressant pharmacogenetics is, however, not yet empirically robust enough to inform routine prescribing guidelines. Over the coming years, genetically guided versus unguided trials will help determine if antidepressant pharmacogenetics merits more widespread application.
authors.affiliation: aIMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong bDepartment of Psychiatry cDepartment of General Practice, The University of Melbourne dFlorey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville eCentre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn fOrygen Youth Health Research Centre, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Ajeet B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Chad A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bousman
authors.forename: Chee
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berk
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents