title: Beyond prevalence and pattern: problematic extent of alcohol and substance use among adolescents in Ibadan South-west Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous research on adolescent alcohol/substance use in Nigeria had focused on the pattern of use without consideration for the extent of use. Socio-demographic correlates have also not been well explored. Information about socio-demographic correlates can also inform target-points in preventive strategies. Knowledge of the prevalence of problematic pattern of alcohol/substance use can inform the inclusion of rehabilitation strategies in intervention policies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence, pattern and extent-as well as socio-demographic correlates-of alcohol/substance use among a cohort of adolescents in Nigeria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pattern and extent of alcohol/substance use was examined using the CRAFFT instrument.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 538 adolescents with a mean age of 15.1 ± 1.4 years returned completed questionnaires. 12-month prevalence of alcohol and other substance use was 21.4%. About 46% of those who reported use of alcohol or any other substance had a CRAFFT score of >2 which suggests problematic pattern of use. Older age, male gender, parental alcohol and substance and lower than average school performance were independently associated with 12-moNth use of alcohol or any other substance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescent alcohol and substance use is common in Nigeria and a large proportion of users show a problematic pattern of use that warrants rehabilitative intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioural Medicine, Lagos state University College of Medicine Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria ; Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Atilola
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ayinde
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Adeitan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Adolescents; CRAFFT; Nigeria; substance abuse