title: [Analysis of the efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy in gallbladder cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarize the experiences in gallbladder cancer treatment, evaluate the efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy, and investigate the method of improving the survival of gallbladder cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty-seven gallbladder cancer patients, treated in our center by radical resection (84 cases) and combined with postoperative radiotherapy (43 cases), between June 2003 to December 2009 were included in this study. Their clinical data and follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed. According to AJCC staging criteria, the survival time and 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of the surgery group and the postoperative radiotherapy group at the different pathological stages and resection margin status were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median survival time of postoperative radiotherapy patients in stage III was 16.9 months, and the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates were 55.7%, 23.5% and 18.2%, respectively, significantly higher than that of the simple operation group ( median survival time 14.3 months, and 1-year, 3-year, 5-year survival rates 42.7%, 22.6% and 16.7%, respectively) (P<0.05). The median survival time of postoperative radiotherapy patients in stage IV, the median survival time was 9.7 months in the postoperative radiotherapy group and 6.3 months in the simple surgery group, and the 1-year survival rates were 14.2% and 9.8%, the 3-year survival rates were 7.2% and 3.9%, the 5-year survival rates were 7.2% and 1.9%, respectively, all showing a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Among the stage III and IVpatients, all the 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of the postoperative radiotherapy group were higher than that of the simple R0 and R1 surgical resection group (all P<0.05), but with a non-significant difference between the stageIandIIpatients (P>0.05). The main side effects in postoperative radiotherapy patients including nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, all were successfully alleviated by symptomatic and supportive therapy, and the radiotherapy was successfully completed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With regard to the gallbladder cancer patients in stage III and IV, the survival rate can be obviously increased by postoperative radiotherapy. However, for patients in stageIand II, whether postoperative radiotherapy significantly improves the survival or not, needs to be further validated in larger scale studies.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Center of East Hepatobiliary Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Fei-ling
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Hai-hua
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yong-jian
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology