title: NPFF2 receptor is involved in the modulatory effects of neuropeptide FF for macrophage cell line.
abstract: Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) interacts with specific receptors to regulate diverse biological processes. Its modulatory effect in the immune field, however, has not been fully explored yet. Here, we report that NPFF2 receptors may be functionally expressed in two immune cell models, the primary peritoneal macrophage and RAW 264.7 macrophage. Firstly, the mRNA levels of NPFF2 receptor were up-regulated in macrophages when treated with LPS for 24 to 72 h. Subsequently, our data hinted that NPFF regulates the viability of both kinds of macrophages. After treatment with RF9, a reported antagonist for both NPFF receptors, delayed or inhibited the NPFF-induced macrophages viability augmentation, suggesting the involvement of NPFF2 receptor. Furthermore, down-regulation of nitric oxide (NO) synthases (NOSs) partially significantly inhibited the viability augmentation of macrophages induced by NPFF, implying a nitric oxide synthases- dependent pathway is involved. However, the NOSs are not the only route by which NPFF affects the viability of macrophages. Pharmacological inhibitors of NF-κB signal pathway also blocked the NPFF-induced macrophages growth, suggesting the involvement of the NF-κB signal pathway. The regulation activity of NPFF for macrophages suggests that NPFF could act as a potential hormone in the control of immune system. Collectively, our data provide new evidence about the immune modulatory effect of NPFF, which will be helpful in extending the scope of NPFF functions.
authors.forename: Yu-long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiao-yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Jing-yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Kai-rong
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, 222 Tian Shui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China. wangrui@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000276:immunology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000276:immunology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009842:Oligopeptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide; C083929:neuropeptide FF receptor; C053651:phenylalanyl-leucyl-phenylalanyl-glutaminyl-prolyl-glutaminyl-arginyl-phenylalaninamide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase