title: Ambulatory blood pressure parameters in office normotensive obese and non-obese children: relationship with insulin resistance and atherosclerotic markers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine differences in ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) parameters between office normotensive obese and non-obese children and to evaluate correlations of ABP parameters with insulin resistance and the lipid profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight obese [body mass index (BMI) above the 95th percentile] and 38 non-obese children aged 9-17 years were recruited. All subjects who were normotensive during office visits and who underwent 24-hour ABP monitoring were evaluated. Insulin resistance and the lipid profile were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean daytime, night-time and 24-hour systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the daytime and 24-hour diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in normotensive obese children were significantly higher compared to the values in non-obese children (p < 0.05). There was no difference in the frequency of nocturnal non-dippers and nocturnal hypertension (night-time SBP at or above the 95th percentile) between the two groups (p > 0.05). Children with night-time SBP at or above the 95th percentile and non-dippers had higher atherosclerotic markers than children with night-time SBP below the 95th percentile and dippers (p < 0.05). In logistic regression analysis, the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C):high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio and night-time SBP had significantly positive associations with being obese in adolescents (OR 6.54, 95% CI 1.15-37.07, p = 0.03, and OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.01-1.19, p = 0.02, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Normotensive obese children had higher ABP parameters. A high LDL-C:HDL-C ratio and night-time SBP were associated with an increased risk of being obese. High LDL-C:HDL-C ratios and total cholesterol:HDL-C levels in children and adolescents may be risk factors for night-time hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Divisions, School of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nese
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tekın
authors.forename: Betul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ersoy
authors.forename: Senol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coskun
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tekın
authors.forename: Muzaffer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Polat
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol