title: Vibrational biospectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis extracts potentially diagnostic features in blood plasma/serum of ovarian cancer patients.
abstract: Despite numerous advances in "omics" research, early detection of ovarian cancer still remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to determine whether attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) or Raman spectroscopy could characterise alterations in the biomolecular signatures of human blood plasma/serum obtained from ovarian cancer patients compared to non-cancer controls. Blood samples isolated from ovarian cancer patients (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 30) were analysed using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. For comparison, a smaller cohort of samples (n = 8) were analysed using an InVia Renishaw Raman spectrometer. Resultant spectra were pre-processed prior to being inputted into principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Statistically significant differences (P < 0.001) were observed between spectra of ovarian cancer versus control subjects for both biospectroscopy methods. Using a support vector machine classifier for Raman spectra of blood plasma, a diagnostic accuracy of 74% was achieved, while the same classifier showed 93.3% accuracy for IR spectra of blood plasma. These observations suggest that a biospectroscopy approach could be applied to identify spectral alterations associated with the presence of insidious ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biophotonics, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Central Lancashire Teaching Hospitals, Preston, UK.
authors.forename: Gemma L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.forename: Ketan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gajjar
authors.forename: Júlio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trevisan
authors.forename: Simon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Fogarty
authors.forename: Siân E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Da Gama-Rose
authors.forename: Pierre L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Martin-Hirsch
authors.forename: Francis L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012984:Software; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods; D060388:Support Vector Machine; D014732:Vibration
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: ATR-FTIR spectroscopy; PCA-LDA; Raman spectroscopy; biospectroscopy; blood; ovarian cancer