title: Neonatal cancer.
abstract: Neonatal cancer is rare and comprises a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with substantial histological diversity. Almost all types of paediatric cancer can occur in fetuses and neonates; however, the presentation and behaviour of neonatal tumours often differs from that in older children, leading to differences in diagnosis and management. The causes of neonatal cancer are unclear, but genetic factors probably have a key role. Other congenital abnormalities are frequently present. Teratoma and neuroblastoma are the most common histological types of neonatal cancer, with soft-tissue sarcoma, leukaemia, renal tumours, and brain tumours also among the more frequent types. Prenatal detection, most often on routine ultrasound or in the context of a known predisposition syndrome, is becoming more common. Treatment options pose challenges because of the particular vulnerability of the population. Neonatal cancer raises diagnostic, therapeutic, and ethical issues, and management requires a multidisciplinary approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Orbach
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarnacki
authors.forename: Hervé J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Brisse
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gauthier-Villars
authors.forename: Pierre-Henri
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Jarreau
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tsatsaris
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baruchel
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zerah
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Seigneur
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peuchmaur
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Doz
mesh_terms: D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D007938:Leukemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014565:Urogenital Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy