title: Local hyperthermia for esophageal cancer in a rabbit tumor model: Magnetic stent hyperthermia versus magnetic fluid hyperthermia.
abstract: Magnetic-mediated hyperthermia (MMH) is a promising local thermotherapy approach for cancer treatment. The present study investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of MMH in esophageal cancer using a rabbit tumor model. The therapeutic effect of two hyperthermia approaches, magnetic stent hyperthermia (MSH), in which heat is induced by the clinical stent that is placed inside the esophagus, and magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH), where magnetic nanoparticles are applied as the agent, was systematically evaluated. A rabbit esophageal tumor model was established by injecting VX2 carcinoma cells into the esophageal submucosa. The esophageal stent was deployed perorally into the tumor segment of the esophagus. For the MFH, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were administered to the rabbits by intratumoral injection. The rabbits were exposed under a benchtop applicator using an alternative magnetic field (AMF) with 300 kHz frequency for the hyperthermia treatment. The results demonstrated that esophageal stents and MNPs had ideal inductive heating properties upon exposure under an AMF of 300 kHz. MSH, using a thermal dose of 46°C with a 10-min treatment time, demonstrated antitumor effects on the rabbit esophageal cancer. However, the rabbit esophageal wall is not heat-resistant. Therefore, a higher temperature or longer treatment time may lead to necrosis of the rabbit esophagus. MFH has a significant antitumor effect by confining the heat within the tumor site without damaging the adjacent normal tissues. The present study indicates that the two hyperthermia procedures have therapeutic effects on esophageal cancer, and that MFH may be more specific than MSH in terms of temperature control during the treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China ; Department of Engineering Physics, Institute of Medical Physics and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiayi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Danye
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lingyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jintian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Liya
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: alternative magnetic field; esophageal cancer; esophageal stent; magnetic mediated hyperthermia; magnetic nanoparticles