title: Effect of Histoplasma capsulatum glucans on host innate immunity.
abstract: β-1,3-Glucan is important for infective forms (mycelial phase) of Histoplasma capsulatum and shares many features allotted to pathogen-associated molecular patterns. These cell wall carbohydrates interact with phagocytes by binding to Toll and lectin-like receptors, present on cell surfaces of macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. This review focuses on recent findings of the major H. capsulatum and host carbohydrate-driven interactions that account for internalization of fungal infective forms into phagocytes, and its subsequent avoidance of intracellular elimination. The yeast phase of H. capsulatum possesses different modulating factors of the macrophagic-anti-fungal mechanisms, mainly α-1,3-glucan, which is considered relevant for virulence. This manuscript is part of the series of works presented at the "V International Workshop: Molecular genetic approaches to the study of human pathogenic fungi" (Oaxaca, Mexico, 2012).
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lara-Lemus
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Noé
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alvarado-Vásquez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zenteno
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, México DF, Mexico. Electronic address: gorocicap@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gorocica
mesh_terms: D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002473:Cell Wall; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005936:Glucans / Q000276:immunology*; D006658:Histoplasma / Q000276:immunology*; D006660:Histoplasmosis / Q000276:immunology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D037102:Lectins / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D025282:Mycelium / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000502:physiology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D011975:Receptors, Mitogen / Q000276:immunology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology; D014774:Virulence / Q000276:immunology; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D037102:Lectins; D011975:Receptors, Mitogen; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D047071:beta-Glucans; C045788:alpha-1,3-glucan; C033363:beta-1,3-glucan
keywords: Glucanos; Glucans; Histoplasma capsulatum; Immunomodulation; Inmunomodulación; Polisacáridos; Polysaccharides