title: Segmental mandibular bone reconstruction with a carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite-coated modular endoprosthetic poly(ɛ-caprolactone) scaffold in Macaca fascicularis.
abstract: A bio-degradable scaffold incorporating osteoinductive factors is one of the alternative methods for achieving the regeneration of a mandibular bone defect. The current pilot study addressed such a bone reconstruction in a non-human primate model, Macaca fascicularis monkeys, with an engineered poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold, provided with a carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite coating. The scaffolds were implanted into unilaterally created mandibular segmental defects in 24 monkeys. Three experimental groups were formed: (1) scaffolds with rhBMP-2 (n = 8), (2) scaffolds with autologous mixed bone marrow cells (n = 8), and (3) empty scaffolds as a control group (n = 8). Evaluation was based on clinical observation as well as micro-CT, mechanical, and histological analyses. Despite a high infection rate, the overall results showed that the currently designed PCL scaffolds had insufficient load-bearing capability, and complete bone union was not achieved after 6 months of implantation. Nevertheless, the group of PCL scaffolds loaded with rhBMP-2 showed evidence of bone-regenerative potential, in contrast to PCL with autologous mixed bone marrow cells and the control group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Nattharee
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chanchareonsook
authors.forename: Henk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tideman
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Feinberg
authors.forename: Leenaporn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jongpaiboonkit
authors.forename: Shermin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flanagan
authors.forename: Gita
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krishnaswamy
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible; D008338:Mandibular Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002254:Carbonates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D011091:Polyesters; C016240:polycaprolactone; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: bone marrow cells; bone morphogenic protein-2; carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite; mandible; poly(ɛ-caprolactone); scaffold; tissue engineering