title: Cerebral infarctions after intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for ITP in a child.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intravenous immunoglobulin is the favored therapy in childhood immune thrombocytopenic purpura. It is usually well tolerated with manageable side effects, but venous and arterial thrombosis following its administration have been described, mostly in adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a 3-year-old girl with immune thrombocytopenic purpura and intracranial hemorrhage who received intravenous immunoglobulin therapy and subsequently developed multifocal cerebral infarctions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Product specific as well as other factors may play a role in the development of this complication of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. This is the only reported case of intravenous immunoglobulin-related thrombosis in a child with immune thrombocytopenic purpura and intracranial hemorrhage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thrombotic complications are associated with intravenous immunoglobulin administration and this includes cerebral infarcts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Grosse Point Woods, Michigan. Electronic address: Adonis.lorenzana@stjohn.org.
authors.forename: Adonis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lorenzana
authors.affiliation: The Children's Hospital at Scott and White, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Temple, Texas.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Armin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Grosse Point Woods, Michigan.
authors.forename: Animesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Grosse Point Woods, Michigan.
authors.forename: Iqbal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Allarakhia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Grosse Point Woods, Michigan.
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Witkowski
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007155:Immunologic Factors
keywords: cerebral infarcts; immune thrombocytopenia; intracranial hemhorrage; intravenous immnunoglobulin