title: Production of chitooligosaccharides from Rhizopus oligosporus NRRL2710 cells by chitosanase digestion.
abstract: The intact cells of Rhizopus oligosporus NRRL2710, whose cell walls are abundant source of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and glucosamine (GlcN), were digested with three chitinolytic enzymes, a GH-46 chitosanase from Streptomyces sp. N174 (CsnN174), a chitinase from Pyrococcus furiosus, and a chitinase from Trichoderma viride, respectively. Solubilization of the intact cells by CsnN174 was found to be the most efficient from solid state CP/MAS (13)C NMR spectroscopy. Chitosanase products from Rhizopus cells were purified by cation exchange chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-25 and gel-filtration on Cellulofine Gcl-25m. NMR and MALDI-TOF-MS analyses of the purified products revealed that GlcN-GlcNAc, (GlcN)2-GlcNAc, and (GlcN)2 were produced by the enzymatic digestion of the intact cells. The chitosanase digestion of Rhizopus cells was found to be an excellent system for the conversion of fungal biomass without any environmental impact.
authors.affiliation: University of Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahata
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shinya
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohnuma
authors.affiliation: Département de Biologie, Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada.
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brzezinski
authors.affiliation: Yaegaki Bio-industry, Inc., 681 Mukudani, Hayashida-cho, Himeji 678-4298, Japan.
authors.forename: Tapan K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Mazumder
authors.affiliation: Yaegaki Bio-industry, Inc., 681 Mukudani, Hayashida-cho, Himeji 678-4298, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Yaegaki Bio-industry, Inc., 681 Mukudani, Hayashida-cho, Himeji 678-4298, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narihiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan. Electronic address: fukamizo@nara.kindai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tamo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukamizo
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D019711:Pyrococcus / Q000201:enzymology; D012233:Rhizopus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000201:enzymology; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D048271:Chitosan; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C019868:chitosanase; D005944:Glucosamine; D000117:Acetylglucosamine
keywords: (GlcN)(n); 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose; 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose; CP/MAS (13)C NMR; Chitosanase; Fungal cell wall; GlcN; GlcNAc; MALDI-TOF-MS; NMR; Partially N-acetylated chitooligosaccharides; Rhizopus oligosporus; matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry; nuclear magnetic resonance; β-1,4-linked oligosaccharide of GlcN with a polymerization degree of n