title: Acute stress exposure preceding transient global brain ischemia exacerbates the decrease in cortical remodeling potential in the rat retrosplenial cortex.
abstract: Doublecortin (DCX)-immunoreactive (-ir) cells are candidates that play key roles in adult cortical remodeling. We have previously reported that DCX-ir cells decrease after stress exposure or global brain ischemia (GBI) in the cingulate cortex (Cg) of rats. Herein, we investigate whether the decrease in DCX-ir cells is exacerbated after GBI due to acute stress exposure preconditioning. Twenty rats were divided into 3 groups: acute stress exposure before GBI (Group P), non-stress exposure before GBI (Group G), and controls (Group C). Acute stress or GBI was induced by a forced swim paradigm or by transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, respectively. DCX-ir cells were investigated in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and retrosplenial cortex (RS). The number of DCX-ir cells per unit area (mm(2)) decreased after GBI with or without stress preconditioning in the ACC and in the RS (ANOVA followed by a Tukey-type test, P<0.001). Moreover, compared to Group G, the number in Group P decreased significantly in RS (P<0.05), though not significantly in ACC. Many of the DCX-ir cells were co-localized with the GABAergic neuronal marker parvalbumin. The present study indicates that cortical remodeling potential of GABAergic neurons of Cg decreases after GBI, and moreover, the ratio of the decrease is exacerbated by acute stress preconditioning in the RS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan. Electronic address: nkutsuna@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kutsuna
authors.affiliation: Division of Biology, Department of Liberal Education, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan. Electronic address: namikawa.akiko@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan. Electronic address: tak_eri@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eriguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan. Electronic address: ooshima.hideki@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan. Electronic address: suma.takeshi@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suma
authors.affiliation: NEWCAT Institute, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nihon University College of Engineering, Koriyama 963-1165, Japan. Electronic address: sakatani.kaoru@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakatani
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan. Electronic address: yamamoto.takamitsu@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takamitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan. Electronic address: yoshino.atsuo@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan. Electronic address: katayama.yoichi@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katayama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: C000714848:Dcx protein, rat; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides
keywords: BrdU; CB; CCK; CR; Cg; Cingulate cortex; DAB; DCX; FJB; Fluorojade B; GABAergic neuron; GBI; Immature interneuron; PBS; PSA-NCAM; PV; Parvalbumin; Plasticity; RS; SOM; TBS; TBS/TX; VIP; bromodeoxyuridine; calbindin; calretinin; cholecystokinin; cingulate cortex; diaminobenzidine; doublecortin; global brain ischemia; parvalbumin; phosphate buffer solution; polysialylated-neural cell adhesion molecule; retrosplenial cortex; somatostatin; tris-buffered saline; triton X-100/TBS solution; vasoactive intestinal polypeptide