title: Breast carcinoma: molecular profiling and updates.
abstract: The most significant contribution of molecular subtyping of breast carcinomas has been the identification of estrogen-positive and estrogen-negative tumor subtypes, which are 2 distinct entities with differing prognoses and requiring different therapy. Molecular and genetic analyses can provide prognostic information; however, a thorough histopathologic evaluation with an evaluation of predictive biomarkers will provide similar information. Knowledge of genetic alterations in these tumors will help identify novel therapeutic targets, which might have an impact on prognosis. Understanding the progression pathways involved in the transition of in situ carcinoma to invasive carcinoma might lead to efficient risk stratification in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, 540 E Canfield Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. Electronic address: SBandyop@dmc.org.
authors.forename: Sudeshna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bandyopadhyay
authors.forename: Rouba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ali-Fehmi
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
keywords: Breast cancer; Breast carcinoma; Molecular profiling; Updates