title: Paper-based plasmonic platform for sensitive, noninvasive, and rapid cancer screening.
abstract: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) fingerprints of individual molecules offer the possibility of multiplexing as well as cancer screening. A highly sensitive, noninvasive, and rapid cancer screening platform encompassing exfoliative cytology and paper-based SERS technology is described. The SERS substrate which consists of plasmonic gold nanorods (GNRs) adsorbed on a piece of filter paper forms the flexible and three-dimensional heterogeneous scaffold for cancer screening. Different and reproducible SERS spectra are obtained from normal and cancerous cells due to specific biomolecular changes in cancerous cells. A diagnostic algorithm based on the ratio of the spectra values is adopted to distinguish between cells exfoliated from 20 normal and cancerous tissues, and a high sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100% are achieved by I1600/1440 (peak ratio of signals at 1600-1440 cm(-1)) and I1440/1340 (1440-1340 cm(-1)), which is better than I1600/1340 (1600-1340 cm(-1)) with a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 60%. The combination of exfoliative cytology and paper-based plasmonic technology enables highly sensitive, rapid, and non-invasive cancer screening and has large clinical potential.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
authors.forename: Jiahong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Beike
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: lcz56@163.com.
authors.forename: Chengzhang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: yxf@whu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: paul.chu@cityu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry; D010209:Paper; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D006046:Gold
keywords: Exfoliative cytology; Gold nanorods; Optical diagnostics; Oral cancer; SERS