title: Postpartum depression: identifying associations with bipolarity and personality traits. Preliminary results from a cross-sectional study in Poland.
abstract: The goals of this study have been to determine the prevalence of the bipolar spectrum features in the population of women with postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms, as well as to analyze the personality differences between putative 'unipolar' and 'bipolar' PPD subjects. The sample enrolled into the cross-sectional study consisted of 344 women at 6-12 weeks postpartum. The authors used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; cut-off score: 13 pts.) for the assessment of the PPD symptoms, the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ; cut-off scores: 7 or 8 pts.) for diagnosing the bipolar features, and the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) for the assessment of personality traits. The EPDS-positive subjects were more likely to score positively on the MDQ, as compared to the EPDS-negative ones. The EPDS-positive subjects who also scored ≥8 pts. on the MDQ were characterized by higher index of neuroticism, as compared to those who scored positively on the EPDS only. The results suggest that the presence of PPD symptoms is related to significantly higher scores of bipolarity and neuroticism. The more robust trait of neuroticism might be a marker of the 'bipolar' PPD, as compared to the 'unipolar' form of the disorder.
authors.affiliation: Adult Psychiatry Department, University Hospital, 21a Kopernika Street, 31-501 Cracow, Poland; Department of Affective Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Cracow, Poland; Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland. Electronic address: dominika.dudek@poczta.fm.
authors.forename: Dominika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dudek
authors.affiliation: Adult Psychiatry Department, University Hospital, 21a Kopernika Street, 31-501 Cracow, Poland; Department of Affective Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaeschke
authors.affiliation: Adult Psychiatry Department, University Hospital, 21a Kopernika Street, 31-501 Cracow, Poland; Department of Affective Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Cracow, Poland; Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siwek
authors.affiliation: Adult Psychiatry Department, University Hospital, 21a Kopernika Street, 31-501 Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mączka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Topór-Mądry
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rybakowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010551:Personality; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011044:Poland; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Bipolarity; EPDS; MDQ; NEO-FFI; Personality; Postpartum depression