title: The increase of apatite layer formation by the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) surface modification of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate.
abstract: The aim of this study was the surface modification of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate by poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) grafting and characterization of modificates. The bioactivity examination was carried out by the determination to grow an apatite layer on modified materials during incubation in simulated body fluid at 37°C. The additional issue taken up in this paper was to investigate the influence of fluid replacement. The process of the surface modification of biomaterials was evaluated by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Formation of the apatite layer was assessed by means of scanning electron microscopy and confirmed by energy dispersive, Raman and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. During exposure in simulated body fluid, the variation of the zeta potential, pH measurement and relative weight was monitored. Examination of scanning electron microscopy micrographs suggests that modification of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate by poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) significantly increases apatite layer formation. Raman spectroscopy evaluation revealed that the formation of the apatite layer was more significant in the case of hydroxyapatite modificate, when compared to the β-tricalcium phosphate modificate. Both modificates were characterized by stable pH, close to the natural pH of human body fluids. Furthermore, we have shown that a weekly changed, simulated body fluid solution increases apatite layer formation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland. Electronic address: mm.szubert@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szubert
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Adamska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szybowicz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jesionowski
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buchwald
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Voelkel
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D055672:Static Electricity; D013499:Surface Properties; D000094122:Polyhydroxybutyrates
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002118:Calcium; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D017886:Durapatite; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D010710:Phosphates; D011091:Polyesters; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; C003182:poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate; D000094122:Polyhydroxybutyrates
keywords: Bioactivity; Hydroxyapatite; Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate); Surface modification; β-Tricalcium phosphate