title: [Physical activity and exercise recommendations for cancer patients during rehabilitation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cancer and its commonly required continuous and intensive medical treatment have a profound and lasting effect on patients' physical, functional, emotional and social wellbeing. In this context the positive comprehensive effects of physical exercise interventions increasingly prove to be promising. The aim of this review is to derive physical exercise recommendations for patients with cancer, especially concerning aerobic and resistance training during rehabilitation, based on the current literature. In a second step the 3 main cancer types breast cancer, prostate cancer and colon cancer and their distinctive features will be addressed briefly.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hierarchic literature research was conducted using the medical information portal Medpilot. The evaluation system of the "European Society of Cardiology" was applied in order to evaluate the evidence and compile evidence-based exercise recommendations for patients with cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When summing up the current data, physical exercise proves to be efficient, safe and feasible for patients with cancer. Both aerobic and resistance training have a positive influence on a patient's physical, psychological and social level and should therefore be included in every exercise program.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the evidence for breast cancer and increasingly also for prostate cancer is strong, research in colon cancer, for example, is still sparse. In order to create precise recommendations regarding the ideal exercise type and dose for the different cancer types during various treatment phases further high quality studies are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Kreislaufforschung und Sportmedizin, Abteilung Molekulare und Zelluläre Sportmedizin, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Zopf
authors.affiliation: Institut für Kreislaufforschung und Sportmedizin, Abteilung Molekulare und Zelluläre Sportmedizin, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln.
authors.forename: F T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.affiliation: Institut für Sportwissenschaft und Sport, Abteilung Bewegung und Gesundheit, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
mesh_terms: D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000592:standards*; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000592:standards; D009043:Motor Activity; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000592:standards*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012046:Rehabilitation / Q000592:standards; D016896:Treatment Outcome