title: Comparative study of intravenous Tramadol versus Ketorolac for preventing postoperative pain after third molar surgery--a prospective randomized study.
abstract: The aim of this comparative, prospective, randomized, controlled study was to evaluate two different regimens of analgesics: a preoperative intravenous dose of either Tramadol or Ketorolac given 10 min prior to surgery to assess their impact on clinical recovery after third molar surgery. Forty patients requiring surgical extraction of unilateral impacted mandibular third molars similar in position were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups based on permuting the numbers. Patients in Group 1 and Group 2 were administered either Tramadol 50 mg or Ketorolac 30 mg, intravenously, 10 min prior to surgery. The difference in postoperative pain was assessed by four primary points: pain intensity as measured by a 10 mm visual analogue scale hourly for 12 h, median time to rescue analgesics, number of analgesics consumed and patient's overall 5-point global assessment scale. Throughout the 12 h investigation period, patients treated with Ketorolac reported significantly lower pain intensity scores, significantly longer time to rescue analgesics (Acetaminophen 500 mg) and less intake of postoperative analgesics. In Group 2, 40% of the patient had good overall assessment as compared to Group 1 where only 25% of patients had good overall assessment. The current study shows that pre-emptive use of Inj. Ketorolac 30 mg intravenously can reduce the severity of the postoperative sequelae of asymptomatic impacted mandibular third molar surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, M.S. Ramaiah Dental College and Hospital, New BEL Road, MSR Nagar, MSRIT Post, Bangalore 560 054, India. Electronic address: prathibhasridhar03@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Prathibha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gopalraju
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, M.S. Ramaiah Dental College and Hospital, New BEL Road, MSR Nagar, MSRIT Post, Bangalore 560 054, India.
authors.forename: Ramanujapuram Manikarnike
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lalitha
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, M.S. Ramaiah Dental College and Hospital, New BEL Road, MSR Nagar, MSRIT Post, Bangalore 560 054, India.
authors.forename: Kavitha
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, M.S. Ramaiah Dental College and Hospital, New BEL Road, MSR Nagar, MSRIT Post, Bangalore 560 054, India.
authors.forename: Krishnappa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ranganath
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D020910:Ketorolac / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011292:Premedication / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000601:surgery; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery; D014147:Tramadol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009294:Narcotics; D000082:Acetaminophen; D014147:Tramadol; D020910:Ketorolac
keywords: Impacted; Ketorolac; Pain; Pre-emptive analgesia; Third molar; Tramadol