title: Use of calorie information at fast-food and chain restaurants among US adults, 2009.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to examine reading and use of calorie information at fast-food/chain restaurants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on a sample of 4363 US adults using the 2009 HealthStyles survey. The outcome variable was reading calorie information when available while ordering at fast-food/chain restaurants. Among those who go to fast-food/chain restaurants, we conducted multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between sociodemographic variables and reading calorie information when available. Among those who report reading calorie information when available, we assessed the proportion using calorie information.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among those who reported eating at fast-food/chain restaurants, 36.4% reported reading calorie information when available. Reading calorie information was not related to race/ethnicity, income or education. Compared with men, women had higher odds [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.5-2.1] of reading calorie information when available while those who frequented fast-food/chain restaurants ≥3 times/week (aOR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.4-0.8) had lower odds compared with those going <4 times/month. Of those who reported reading calorie information when available, 95.4% reported using calorie information at least sometimes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Almost all who read calorie information when available use the information at least sometimes. Research is needed on how calorie information is being used.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion/Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, Obesity/Obesity Prevention and Control Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wethington
authors.affiliation: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion/Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, Obesity/Obesity Prevention and Control Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
authors.forename: Leah M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Maynard
authors.affiliation: Paul D. Coverdell Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haltiwanger
authors.affiliation: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion/Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, Obesity/Obesity Prevention and Control Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
authors.forename: Heidi M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Blanck
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D002149:Energy Intake; D057140:Fast Foods / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D005515:Food Labeling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012147:Restaurants / Q000592:standards; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Food and nutrition; Individual behaviour; Population-based and preventative services