title: Costs of raccoon rabies incidents in cattle herds in Hampshire County, West Virginia, and Guernsey County, Ohio.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine direct and indirect costs associated with raccoon rabies incidents involving cattle herds in Hampshire County, WV, in 2008 and Guernsey County, Ohio, in 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ex post cost analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  1 cattle herd in Hampshire County, WV, in 2008 and 1 cattle herd in Guernsey County, Ohio, in 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected for each incident through telephone and email interviews with 16 federal, state, and county agency personnel involved in the case investigations and coordinated responses for rabies in the cattle herds. To characterize the economic impact associated with rabies in the 2 cattle herds, cost analysis was conducted with 7 cost variables (salary and benefits for personnel involved in the response, human postexposure prophylaxis, indirect patient costs, rabies diagnostic testing, cattle carcass disposal, market value of euthanized cattle, and enhanced rabies surveillance). Estimates of direct costs were determined on the basis of agency records and other relevant data obtained from notes and reports made by agency staff at the time of the incident and from a review of the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary costs included the market value of euthanized cattle ($51,461 in West Virginia; $12,561 in Ohio), human postexposure prophylaxis ($17,959 in West Virginia; $11,297 in Ohio), and salary and benefits for personnel involved in the response ($19,792 in West Virginia; $14,496 in Ohio).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results should provide a basis for better characterization of the economic impact of wildlife rabies in cattle in the United States.
authors.affiliation: USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Services, National Rabies Management Program, 59 Chenell Dr, Ste 2, Concord, NH 03301.
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Chipman
authors.forename: Tyler W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Cozzens
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shwiff
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.forename: Jewell
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Plumley
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Quin
authors.forename: Timothy P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Algeo
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rupprecht
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Slate
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002648:Child; D037901:Euthanasia, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012889:Mephitidae; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D011818:Rabies / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D011819:Rabies Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics / Q000276:immunology*; D011821:Raccoons; D012456:Salaries and Fringe Benefits / Q000191:economics; D014903:West Virginia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D011819:Rabies Vaccines