title: Somatic embryogenesis in quite a direct way in cultures of mesophyll protoplasts of Brassica napus L.
abstract: Somatic embryos and plantlets have been obtained in quite a direct way from mesophyll protoplasts isolated from androgenetic plants of two cultivars ("Loras" and "Tower") of Brassica napus. The procedure consists of four steps. Proembryos were induced in a medium supplemented with a cytokinin and an auxin at comparatively high concentrations. They developed to mature embryos when the auxin was reduced or omitted.
authors.affiliation: Botanisches Institut der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, D-6000, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kohlenbach