title: Analytical approaches for the determination of pesticide residues in nutraceutical products and related matrices by chromatographic techniques coupled to mass spectrometry.
abstract: A review of sample preparation and analytical techniques currently used to analyze pesticides in nutraceutical products is shown. Different sample treatments are commented, and the QuEChERS method is the most used (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe). For the chromatographic determination, gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) are evaluated. Different detection modes are discussed, and simple quadrupole mass spectrometry (Q-MS) and triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (QqQ-MS/MS) are the most used. Finally, a review of the occurrence of pesticides (from the revised literature) in real samples is presented, evaluating several matrices, such as nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, medicinal plants, and fish oil. The occurrence of several pesticides was reported: γ-HCH (lindane), endosulfan, procymidone, azoxystrobin, p,p'-DDE, metalaxyl, quintozene, tolclofos-methyl, chlorpyrifos and hexachlorobenzene.
authors.affiliation: Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martínez-Domínguez
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Plaza-Bolaños
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero-González
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garrido-Frenich
mesh_terms: D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues
keywords: Food and dietary supplements; Gas chromatography; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Nutraceuticals; Pesticides; QuEChERS