title: Mechanisms of microemulsion enhancing the oral bioavailability of puerarin: comparison between oil-in-water and water-in-oil microemulsions using the single-pass intestinal perfusion method and a chylomicron flow blocking approach.
abstract: The purpose of the present work was to determine the mechanisms by which microemulsions (MEs) enhance the oral bioavailability of puerarin. The in situ perfusion method was used in rats to study the absorption mechanisms of an oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion (O/W-ME) and a water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion (W/O-ME). The possibility of lymphatic transport of the MEs was investigated using a chylomicron flow blocking approach. The results for the absorption mechanisms in the stomach and intestines indicated that the absorption characteristics of the O/W-ME and W/O-ME depend on the segment. The W/O-ME had higher internal membrane permeability than the O/W-ME. The results of the lymphatic transport analyses showed that both the O/W-ME and W/O-ME underwent lymphatic transport and that this pathway was a major contributor to the oral bioavailability of MEs. Furthermore, the type of ME can significantly affect the absorption of puerarin through the lymphatic system due to the oil content and the form of the microemulsion after oral administration. In conclusion, these data indicate that microemulsions are an effective and promising delivery system to enhance the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory for New Technology of Chinese Medicine Preparations of Hunan Province, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tian-Tian
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xiong-Bin
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: De-Hua
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Xin-Yi
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Da-Xiong
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002914:Chylomicrons / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology*; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008208:Lymphatic System / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012995:Solubility; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002914:Chylomicrons; D004655:Emulsions; D007529:Isoflavones; D009821:Oils; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D014867:Water; C033607:puerarin
keywords: chylomicron; lymphatic transport; microemulsion; oral bioavailability