title: Effects of a Mangifera indica L. stem bark extract and mangiferin on radiation-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mangifera indica L. (mango) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, can be obtained in Cuba. It is rich in polyphenols, where mangiferin is the main component. In this study, we have tested DNA damage and protection effects of MSBE and mangiferin on primary human lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cell suspensions were incubated with the products (50-1000 μg/ml) for experiments on damage induction, and evaluation of any potential protective effects (5-100 μg/ml) for 60 min at 37 °C. Irradiation was performed using a γ-ray source, absorbed dose 5 Gy. At the end of exposure, DNA damage, protection and repair processes were evaluated using the comet assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MSBE (100-1000 μg/ml) induced DNA damage in a concentration dependent manner in both cell types tested, primary cells being more sensitive. Mangiferin (200 μg/ml) only induced light DNA damage at higher concentrations. DNA repair capacity was not affected after MSBE or mangiferin exposure. On the other hand, MSBE (25 and 50 μg/ml) and mangiferin (5-25 ug/ml) protected against gamma radiation-induced DNA damage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show MSBE has protector or harmful effects on DNA in vitro depending on the experimental conditions, which suggest that the extract could be acting as an antioxidant or pro-oxidant product. Mangiferin was involved in protective effects of the extract.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Química Farmacéutica, La Habana, 16042, Cuba; Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Bioproductos Marinos, La Habana, 10600, Cuba.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rodeiro
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garrido
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D031022:Mangifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044004:Xanthones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C501277:Mangifera indica extract; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044004:Xanthones; C013592:mangiferin