title: Career intentions and dropout causes among medical students in Kazakhstan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The number of new entrants to higher medical schools of Kazakhstan increased by 1.6 times from 2007 to 2012. However, it is not known how it will affect the shortage of human resources for health. Additionally, human resources for health in rural areas of Kazakhstan are 4 times scarcer than in urban areas. The aim of the present study was to investigate the intentions of students toward their professional future and readiness to work in rural areas, as well as to determine the causes for dropping out from medical schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2 medical universities in Almaty during the academic year 2011-2012. The study sample included medical students and interns. In total, 2388 students participated in the survey. The survey tool was an anonymous questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The students of the first years of studies compared with those of later years of studies were more optimistic about the profession and had more intentions to work in the medical field. Only 8% of the students reported a wish to work in rural localities. On the other hand, 4% of the students did not plan to pursue the profession. On the average, every third medical student dropped out on his/her own request.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Associations between intentions to work according to the profession and the year of studies, faculty, and residence area before enrolling in a medical school were documented. The majority of the students who came from rural areas preferred to stay and look for work in a city, which might contribute to an unequal distribution of physicians across the country.
authors.affiliation: Kazakhstan School of Public Health, Utepova 19а, 050060 Almaty, Kazakhstan. kamila.aaa@mail.ru.
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Faizullina
authors.forename: Galina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kausova
authors.forename: Zhanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kalmataeva
authors.forename: Ardak
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nurbakyt
authors.forename: Saule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buzdaeva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002321:Career Choice; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D007623:Kazakhstan; D008297:Male; D013332:Student Dropouts / Q000523:psychology*; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult