title: Immunohistochemical characteristics of regenerated bone after surgical therapy of advanced ligature-induced peri-implantitis defects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study seeks to assess and compare immunohistochemical characteristics of regenerated and pristine bone areas following surgical therapy of advanced peri-implantitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  At ligature-induced peri-implantitis defects, the intrabony component was filled with a natural bone mineral (NBM), and the supracrestal component was treated by either an equine bone block (EB) or implantoplasty. NBM and EB were soak-loaded with rhBMP-2 or sterile saline. Membrane (i.e., native collagen) protected sites were submerged for 12 weeks. Osteocalcin (OC) and transglutaminase 2 (TG2; angiogenesis) antigen reactivity was assessed within the augmented-(AA) and pristine bone (PB) areas at non-exposed sites (n = 39 defects).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all groups investigated, mean OC (AA, 0.5 ± 0.4 to 1.9 ± 2.9 %/PB, 1.7 ± 2.6 to 3.5 ± 6.5 %) and TG2 (AA, 0.6 ± 0.5 to 1.3 ± 1.5 %/PB, 0.5 ± 0.5 to 1.6 ± 1.9 %) values within AA did not significantly differ from those values assessed within PB (P > 0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AA formed in different treatment groups may not be considered as qualitatively (i.e., OC and TG2) compromised bone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Westdeutsche Kieferklinik, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany, Frank.Schwarz@med.uni-duesseldorf.de.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Ilja
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mihatovic
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Golubovic
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sager
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D004285:Dogs; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000601:surgery*