title: Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with capillary electrophoresis for trace analysis of sulfonamide compounds.
abstract: A hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) method has been developed for the preconcentration of trace sulfonamides in water samples. Six commonly used sulfonamides including sulfamethazine (SMZ), sulfamerazine (SMR), sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfadimethoxine (SDM), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and sulfathiazole (STZ) were determined by CE with electrochemical detection (CE-ED) after microextraction. Several factors that affect extraction efficiency, separation, and detection were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, above sulfonamide compounds could achieve baseline separation within 35min, exhibiting a linear calibration over three orders of magnitude (r(2)≥0.998); the obtained enrichment factors were between 121 (for SDZ) and 996 (for SDM), and the LODs were in the range of 0.033-0.44ng/mL. The proposed HF-LPME/CE-ED method has been applied for the sensitive analyses of the real-world water samples with recoveries in the range of 75.1-109%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Fanghong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guanhua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jiaming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Jiannong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Qingcui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013449:Sulfonamides; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Capillary electrophoresis; DLLME; ED; EFs; Electrochemical detection; HF-LPME; Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction; LLE; PSS; SCE; SDM; SDME; SDZ; SLM; SMR; SMX; SMZ; STZ; Sulfonamides; Water analysis; dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; electrochemical detection; enrichment factors; hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction; liquid–liquid extraction; saturated calomel electrode; single-drop liquid-phase microextraction; sodium polystyrene sulfonate; sulfadiazine; sulfadimethoxine; sulfamerazine; sulfamethazine; sulfamethoxazole; sulfathiazole; supported liquid membrane