title: The Effects of Abdominal Hollowing in Lower-limb PNF Pattern Training on the Activation of Contralateral Muscles.
abstract: [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of abdominal hollowing during lower-limb proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) training on the activation of contralateral muscles. [Subjects] Twenty male college students without symptoms or signs of muscular or nervous disease participated in this experiment after signing a consent form. [Methods] All the subjects were measured with electromyography (EMG) in a muscle activation test before and after abdominal hollowing. In the PNF program, the lower-limb pattern of PNF training, was maintained for 5 seconds, followed by a 2-minute break. This was repeated three times. The resting time between sets was 30 minutes. Surface EMG (Keypoint, Medtronic Inc., USA) was used for the measurements, and the highest value of three measurements was used in the analysis. [Result] The results revealed a significant change in the muscular activation of the opposite-side lower limbs. The muscular activations of the vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior, semitendinosus and gastrocnemius were increased significantly after the abdominal hollowing. [Conclusion] The findings suggest that abdominal hollowing in PNF pattern training can be effective at promoting muscular activation of the contralateral muscles. To promote muscular activation of the opposite side in lower-limb PNF pattern training, abdominal hollowing should be considered to improve the effect of PNF pattern training.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of College of Medical and Life Science, Silla University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byungho
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Hankyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kwangjin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Joongsook
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jaeseok
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Taeyoung
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Dongwook
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Han
keywords: Abdominal hollowing; Contralateral muscle activation; PNF pattern