title: Identifying arsenic trioxide (ATO) functions in leukemia cells by using time series gene expression profiles.
abstract: Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is presently the most active single agent in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). In order to explore the molecular mechanism of ATO in leukemia cells with time series, we adopted bioinformatics strategy to analyze expression changing patterns and changes in transcription regulation modules of time series genes filtered from Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE24946). We totally screened out 1847 time series genes for subsequent analysis. The KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) pathways enrichment analysis of these genes showed that oxidative phosphorylation and ribosome were the top 2 significantly enriched pathways. STEM software was employed to compare changing patterns of gene expression with assigned 50 expression patterns. We screened out 7 significantly enriched patterns and 4 tendency charts of time series genes. The result of Gene Ontology showed that functions of times series genes mainly distributed in profiles 41, 40, 39 and 38. Seven genes with positive regulation of cell adhesion function were enriched in profile 40, and presented the same first increased model then decreased model as profile 40. The transcription module analysis showed that they mainly involved in oxidative phosphorylation pathway and ribosome pathway. Overall, our data summarized the gene expression changes in ATO treated K562-r cell lines with time and suggested that time series genes mainly regulated cell adhesive. Furthermore, our result may provide theoretical basis of molecular biology in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, 4th Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, 4th Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, 4th Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China. Electronic address: shanlin22@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jingru
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019295:Computational Biology; D030561:Databases, Nucleic Acid; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D007938:Leukemia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001152:Arsenicals; D010087:Oxides; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide
keywords: ALL; AML; APL; ATO; CLL; CML; Changing patterns of gene expression; DAVID; FDR; GEO; GO; Gene Expression Omnibus; Gene Ontology; KEGG; Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes; Leukemia; ROS; SD; STEM; Time series gene; Transcription regulation modules; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; acute myeloid leukemia; acute promyelocytic leukemia; arsenic trioxide; chronic lymphocytic leukemia; chronic myeloid leukemia; database for annotation, visualization and integration discovery; false discovery rate; reactive oxygen species; short time-series expression mine; standard deviation