title: Follow-up study of more than 15 years of an angle-supported phakic intraocular lens model (ZB5M) for high myopia: outcomes and complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study confirmed the long-term outcomes of the ZB5M phakic intraocular lens (PIOL).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the potential long-term risk associated with ZB5M PIOL implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, nonrandomized, consecutive cohort study of a total of 208 eyes implanted with ZB5M PIOLs at VISSUM Corporación Oftalmológica de Alicante between 1990 and 1996 identified through surgical records (208 eyes of 123 patients); 50 of these patients (97 eyes) had available records and follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  ZB5M PIOL implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  To evaluate the incidence and onset of each complication during the follow-up and risk factors and causes for loss of visual acuity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (SD) preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -19.36 (6.7) diopters and at the end of follow-up, it was -1.4 (2.6) diopters. Mean (SD) best-corrected visual acuity at the preoperative visit was 0.35 (0.2) decimal and at the end of follow-up, 0.56 (0.3) decimal. Mean (SD) endothelial cell density preoperatively and at the end of follow-up was 2783 (787) cells/mm(2) and 1921 (672) cells/mm(2), respectively. The incidence of cataract during the follow-up was 0.010 eye-year (EY); cornea decompensation, 0.001 EY; ocular hypertension, 0.008 EY; pupil ovalization, 0.020 EY; uveitis, 0.001 EY; and retinal detachment, 0.002 EY.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first study that describes the long-term outcomes and complications of ZB5M PIOLs and suggests increasing the postoperative follow-up examinations in patients older than 40 years, analyzing anterior chamber modifications, and recommends PIOL explantation in cases of an increase in the crystalline size.
authors.affiliation: VISSUM Corporación Alicante, Alicante, Spain2Division of Ophthalmology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: Jorge L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Alio
authors.affiliation: Instituto Oftalmológico de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abbouda
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peña-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Instituto Oftalmológico de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huseynli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000601:surgery*; D002386:Cataract / Q000209:etiology; D002452:Cell Count; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D047728:Myopia, Degenerative / Q000601:surgery*; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D054120:Phakic Intraocular Lenses; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology