title: Adenosine deaminase acts as a natural antagonist for dipeptidyl peptidase 4-mediated entry of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
abstract: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) replicates in cells of different species using dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) as a functional receptor. Here we show the resistance of ferrets to MERS-CoV infection and inability of ferret DDP4 to bind MERS-CoV. Site-directed mutagenesis of amino acids variable in ferret DPP4 thus revealed the functional human DPP4 virus binding site. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), a DPP4 binding protein, competed for virus binding, acting as a natural antagonist for MERS-CoV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: V Stalin
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.forename: Saskia L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.forename: Lisette B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Provacia
authors.forename: Judith M A
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: van den Brand
authors.forename: Lidewij
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wiersma
authors.forename: Werner J D
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ouwendijk
authors.forename: Theo M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Bestebroer
authors.forename: Monique I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Spronken
authors.forename: Geert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Amerongen
authors.forename: Peter J M
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rottier
authors.forename: Ron A M
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fouchier
authors.forename: Berend Jan
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: Albert D M E
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Osterhaus
authors.forename: Bart L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Haagmans
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003332:Coronaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D003333:Coronaviridae Infections / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000821:virology; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005289:Ferrets; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D011991:Receptors, Virus; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase