title: Evaluation of a new computerized psychometric test battery: Effects of zolpidem and caffeine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of centrally active drugs using a new indigenously developed automated psychometric test system and compare the results with that obtained using pencil- and paper-based techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  The tests were standardized in 24 healthy participants. Reproducibility of the test procedure was evaluated by performing the tests by a single experimenter on two occasions (interday reproducibility). To evaluate the sensitivity of the tests, the effects of zolpidem (5 mg) and caffeine (500 mg) versus placebo were studied in 24 healthy participants in a randomized, double-blind three-way crossover design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Psychometric tests were performed at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 h after administration of study medication. The effects of zolpidem and caffeine on the psychomotor performance were most pronounced 1 h after administration. At this time, a significant impairment of performance in the simple reaction test (SRT), choice discrimination test (CDT), digit symbol substitution test (DSST), digit vigilance test (DVT), and card sorting test (CST) was observed with zolpidem. In contrast, caffeine showed a significant improvement in performance in CDT and DVT only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the tests of the computerized system are more sensitive and reliable then the pencil and paper tests in detecting the effects of central acting agents and are suitable for use in clinical areas to conduct studies with patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, ICMR Advanced Centre for Clinical Pharmacodynamics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Raveendranadh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pilli
authors.forename: Mur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naidu
authors.forename: Usharani
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pingali
authors.forename: Jc
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shobha
keywords: Central nervous system; psychomotor performance; reaction time