title: Validity of a self-administered version of the brief index of lupus damage in a predominantly African American systemic lupus erythematosus cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the reliability and criterion and construct validity of the self-administered Brief Index of Lupus Damage (SA-BILD), a patient-reported measure of organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  The validity of the SA-BILD was assessed using data from the Georgians Organized Against Lupus (GOAL) survey. GOAL is a longitudinal cohort of SLE patients predominantly derived from the Georgia Lupus Registry, a population-based registry established in Atlanta, Georgia. In total, 711 participants with documented SLE completed the SA-BILD. To test reliability, the SA-BILD was readministered to 32 patients. Criterion validity was examined in 150 respondents for whom the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI) was also completed. Construct validity was assessed among 711 GOAL participants by dividing the SA-BILD scores into quartiles and examining the association with demographics, health status, and health care utilization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The test-retest correlation score was 0.93 (P < 0.0001), the item-by-item agreement with the SDI was >80% for most SA-BILD items, and the Spearman's rho correlation coefficient for the SDI and SA-BILD was moderately high (ρ = 0.59, P < 0.0001). SA-BILD scores showed significant associations in the expected directions with age, disease duration, disease activity, overall health, comorbidity index, and physician visits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SA-BILD was reliable and had very good or good criterion validity compared with the SDI when tested in a predominantly African American cohort of US SLE patients. Associations of SA-BILD scores with sociodemographics and health status were consistent with previous studies. These findings support the use of the SA-BILD as a valid measure of patient-reported damage in SLE.
authors.affiliation: Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Drenkard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yazdany
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trupin
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dunlop-Thomas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries / Q000592:standards; D057566:Self Report / Q000592:standards*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*