title: Radio frequency based label-free detection of glucose.
abstract: We investigated the frequency based mediator-free glucose sensor in the radio-frequency (RF) range. Frequency dependent power signal showed clear dependence on the glucose concentration with free enzymatic condition. Also, the passive electrical components such as the resistance, inductance, shunt conductance, and capacitance were extracted based on the transmission line model for further analysis. These various parameters proposed by the signal processing provided more effective verification for instant multi-components in-situ readings without any added supporters. Additionally the residual signal (RS), impedance (Z), and propagation constant (γ) were also calculated from measured S-parameters for glucose analysis. These parameters basically showed amplitude variation and interestingly, some parameters such as inductance and impedance showed frequency shift of resonance dip. The results support that the frequency based sensing technique including the parameter based analysis can enable effective multi-dimensional detection of glucose. Moreover, this technique showed that glucose sensing is also possible over a diabetic patient's serum.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunggoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seo Yoon
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Umakant
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Rani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anoop
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Juho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Juhwan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woonhyoung
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: scj@yonsei.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chan Jun
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D008872:Microwaves
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose
keywords: Glucose and microwave interaction; Glucose sensor in the third generation; In-situ glucose sensing; Mediator-free glucose detection; Microwave glucose sensor; Monosaccharide detection