title: Determination of benzotrifluoride derivative compounds in groundwater.
abstract: Two simple analytical methods for the simultaneous determination and quantification of benzotrifluoride and eight chlorinated, amino and nitro benzotrifluoride derivatives in groundwater are proposed. Benzotrifluoride, 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride, 2,4-dichlorobenzotrifluoride and 3,4-dichlorobenzotrifluoride, were extracted by Purge-and-Trap on the basis of their volatile properties, while 3-aminobenzotrifluoride, 4-nitrobenzotrifluoride, 3-amino-4-chlorobenzotrifluoride, 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzotrifluoride and 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzotrifluoride extractions were done with an automated SPE system. The analytical separations and detections were performed with two different GC systems, both equipped with single quadrupole mass spectrometer as detector. The LOD ranges for the two methods were 0.002-0.005 μg L(-1) and 0.01-0.07 μg L(-1), respectively. Both extraction methods were developed using spiked Milli-Q water and were then demonstrated with groundwater samples collected during autumn 2008. The areas of groundwater collection were polluted due to an episode of improper industrial soil disposal and consequent leakage of aliphatic and aromatic, fluorinated chemicals into the groundwater. This work eventually revealed the presence of several benzotrifluoride compounds most of them, like dichloro- and amino-derivatives, never been reported as environmental contaminants.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Department, ARPAV - Regional Agency for Environmental Protection and Prevention of Veneto, Via Lissa 6, 30174 Mestre Venice, Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari, Dorsoduro 2137, Calle Larga Santa Marta, 30123, Venice, Italy. Electronic address: lava.roberto@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lava
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aimo
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Menegus
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pojana
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcomini
keywords: Benzotrifluoride derivative; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Groundwater; Purge-and-Trap; Solid Phase Extraction