title: Determination of amlodipine using terbium-sensitized luminescence in the presence of europium(III) as a co-luminescence reagent.
abstract: A sensitive time-resolved luminescence method for the determination of amlodipine (AM) in methanol and in aqueous solution is described. The method is based on the luminescence sensitization of terbium (Tb(3+) ) by formation of a ternary complex with AM in the presence of tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) as co-ligand, dodecylbenzenesulfate as surfactant and europium ion as a co-luminescence reagent. The signal for Tb-AM-TOPO is monitored at λex  = 242 nm and λem  = 550 nm. Optimum conditions for the formation of the complex in aqueous system were 0.015 m Tris (hydroxylmethyl) amino methane buffer, pH 9.0, TOPO (1.0 × 10(-4) m), Eu(3+) (2.0 × 10(-7) m), dodecylbenzenesulfate (0.14%) and 6.0 × 10(-5) m of Tb(3+) , which allows the determination of 10-50 ppb of AM with a limit of detection of 1.2 ppb. The relative standard deviations of the method range between 0.1 and 0.2% indicated excellent reproducibility of the method. The proposed method was successfully applied for the assay of AM in pharmaceutical formulations and in plasma samples. Average recoveries of 98.5 ± 0.2% and 95.2 ± 0.2% were obtained for AM in tablet and plasma samples respectively.
authors.affiliation: Sultan Qaboos University, College of Science, Box 36, Department of Chemistry, Al-Khod, 123, Sultanate of Oman.
authors.forename: Salma M Z
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Al-Kindy
authors.forename: Abdalla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Snedi
authors.forename: Fakhr Eldin O
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Suliman
authors.forename: Haidar A J
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Al-Lawati
mesh_terms: D017311:Amlodipine / Q000032:analysis*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D005063:Europium / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D049449:Luminescence; D049408:Luminescent Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013725:Terbium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D049408:Luminescent Agents; D013725:Terbium; D017311:Amlodipine; D005063:Europium
keywords: amlodipine; co-luminescence; pharmaceutical products; plasma; sensitized luminescence