title: Psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents six-to-twelve months after mild traumatic brain injury.
abstract: The objective of this study was to understand how novel psychiatric disorders (NPD) in children with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) are related to pre-injury variables, injury-related variables, and concurrent neurocognitive outcome. A group of 79 children, ages 5 to 14 years, who had experienced MTBI, were studied from consecutive hospital admissions with semistructured psychiatric interviews soon after injury (baseline); 60 children were reassessed 12 months post-injury. Standardized instruments were used to assess injury severity; lesion characteristics; pre-injury variables, including psychiatric disorder, family psychiatric history, family functioning, socioeconomic status, psychosocial adversity, adaptive functioning, and post-injury neurocognitive and adaptive functioning. NPD occurred in 17 of 60 participants (28%) in the 6-12-month interval after injury, with disorders that were significantly associated with socioeconomic status, psychosocial adversity, estimated pre-injury academic functioning, and concurrent deficits in adaptive functioning, academic performance, processing speed, memory, and expressive language. NPD was not significantly associated with pre-injury adaptive functioning, injury severity, family psychiatric history, pre-injury psychiatric disorder, lesion location, gender, or age at injury. These findings suggest that the short-term psychiatric morbidity associated with MTBI in children occurs more commonly than previously reported and is related to both pre-injury social factors and concurrent neurocognitive functioning.
authors.forename: Jeffrey E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Max
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pardo
authors.forename: Gerri
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hanten
authors.forename: Russell J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schachar
authors.forename: Ann E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ewing-Cobbs
authors.forename: Sandra B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.forename: Elisabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Wilde
authors.forename: Erin D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Bigler
authors.forename: Wesley K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Tony T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Harvey S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D002170:Canada; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D059906:Neuroimaging; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012923:Social Class; D013781:Texas