title: Highlights in pathogenic fungal biofilms.
abstract: A wide variety of fungi have demonstrated the ability to colonize surfaces and form biofilms. Most studies on fungal biofilms have focused on Candida albicans and more recently, several authors have reported the involvement of other genera of yeasts and Candida species, as well as of filamentous fungi in the formation of biofilms, including: Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcus gattii, Rhodotorula species, Aspergillus fumigatus, Malassezia pachydermatis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Pneumocystis species, Coccidioides immitis, Fusarium species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trichosporon asahii, Mucorales and Blastoschizomyces. There is a current interest in describing the particular characteristics of the biofilm formation by of these fungi. A major concern is the control of biofilms, requiring knowledge of the biofilm mechanisms. However, our knowledge of these microbial communities is limited, due to the complexity of these systems and metabolic interactions that remain unknown. This mini-review aims to highlight recently discovered fungal biofilms and to compare them with the current knowledge on biofilms. This manuscript is part of the series of works presented at the "V International Workshop: Molecular genetic approaches to the study of human pathogenic fungi" (Oaxaca, Mexico, 2012).
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaina De Cássia Orlandi
authors.initials: Jde C
authors.lastname: Sardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nayla De Souza
authors.initials: Nde S
authors.lastname: Pitangui
authors.affiliation: Fungal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Arellanes
authors.affiliation: Fungal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Maria Lucia
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fusco-Almeida
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: gianninimj@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maria José Soares
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mendes-Giannini
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D009181:Mycoses / Q000382:microbiology; D040901:Proteomics; D053038:Quorum Sensing; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins
keywords: Adhesinas; Adhesins; Anti-biofilm therapy; Biofilm; Biopelículas; Pathogenic fungi; Patógenos fúngicos; Quorum sensing; Tratamiento anti-biopelículas