title: OK-432 treatment of ranula extending to the parapharyngeal space.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Our results confirmed that OK-432 therapy is simple, easy, safe, and effective and can be used as a substitute for surgery in the treatment of ranula extending to the parapharyngeal space.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome and complications of the OK-432 treatment of patients with ranula extending to the parapharyngeal space.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a case series with planned data collection at Yamagata University and Fukase clinic. We tried this therapy in six patients with ranula extending to the parapharyngeal space, between January 2001 and February 2012. We injected OK-432 solution into the lesion with an 18 or 27 gauge needle depending on the patient's condition (location and size of ranula and complications). This treatment was performed on an outpatient basis without hospitalization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Disappearance or marked reduction of the lesion were observed in all patients who had this therapy, and local scarring and deformity of the injection sites did not occur in any patients. As side effects, local pain at the injection site and fever (37-39°C) were observed in 40% of the patients who had this therapy, but such problems resolved within a few days.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine , Yamagata , Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukase
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurakami
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoyagi
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakehata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010844:Picibanil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011900:Ranula / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010844:Picibanil