title: Multiple shoot cultures of Ophiorrhiza rugosa var. decumbens Deb and Mondal--a viable renewable source for the continuous production of bioactive Camptotheca alkaloids apart from stems of the parent plant of Nothapodytes foetida (Wight) Sleumer.
abstract: Camptotheca alkaloids were isolated from multiple shoot cultures of O. decumbens (0.056% dry weight) and stems of N. foetida. The cytotoxicity of the extracts and products were tested in a panel of five cell lines. Crude extract from O. decumbens (Cr-Od) and N. foetida (Cr-Nf) showed more potent cytotoxic activity as compared to the isolated camptothecin from O. decumbens (CPT-Od) and N. foetida (CPT-Nf). CPT isolated from shoot cultures contained biological activity suggesting the possibility of using this system of O. decumbens as a renewable source for the production of camptotheca alkaloids. 9-Methoxy camptothecin (9-mCPT), isolated from N. foetida, was a very effective cytotoxic agent as compared to Cr-Nf or CPT-Nf. The IC50 of 9-mCPT was 0.84, 0.32, and 0.35 μg/ml for A549, MCF7 and Jurkat cell lines and >3 μg/ml for U937. Viability assays using MTT dye were further confirmed by assessing extent of apoptosis in these cells. These findings suggest that shoot cultures of O. decumbens offer a rich alternative plant source for the anticancer compound, CPT and 9-mCPT is a more potent compound in N. foetida as compared to CPT.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India. Electronic address: groja@barc.gov.in.
authors.forename: Roja
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gopalakrishnan
authors.affiliation: Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Bhavani
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shankar
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis; D029769:Camptotheca / Q000737:chemistry*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry; D058439:Plant Somatic Embryogenesis Techniques; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D019666:Rubiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts; C025724:9-methoxycamptothecin; D002166:Camptothecin
keywords: 9-Methoxy camptothecin; Alkaloids; Camptothecin; Cancer; Cytotoxicity; HPLC; TLC