title: Assessment of somatic embryogenesis potency in Indian soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars.
abstract: Majority of the Indian soybean cultivars are recalcitrant to tissue culture regeneration. The present communication reports the development of somatic embryogenesis in a liquid culture medium from immature cotyledons of G. max. Following induction with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), the number of somatic embryos and percentage of explants that responded were higher with 45.24 microM 2,4-D. The proliferation of somatic embryos for three successive cycles was achieved in 22.62 microM 2,4-D. Histodifferentiation of somatic embryos under NAA (10.74 microM) indicated that better embryo development and maturation was achieved without any growth regulator. The amino acids such as L-glutamine favoured the somatic embryo induction and histodifferentiation at 20 and 30 mM respectively, where as L-asparagine at 10 mM concentration enhanced the somatic embryo proliferation. In addition, somatic embryos that were desiccated (air-drying method) for 5 days showed better germination (40.88%). The Indian soybean cultivars also showed strict genotypic influence and cv. Pusa 16 was emerged as a best responding cultivar for somatic embryo induction with 74.42% of response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India.
authors.forename: Thankaraj Salammal
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Mariashibu
authors.forename: Kondeti
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Subramanyam
authors.forename: Muthukrishnan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arun
authors.forename: Jeevaraj
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Theboral
authors.forename: Manoharan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajesh
authors.forename: Sampath Kasthuri
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Rengan
authors.forename: Rajan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chakravarthy
authors.forename: Markandan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manickavasagam
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ganapathi
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018548:Cotyledon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D003890:Desiccation; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D058439:Plant Somatic Embryogenesis Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators