title: A new tool based on two micromanipulators facilitates the handling of ultrathin cryosection ribbons.
abstract: A close to native structure of bulk biological specimens can be imaged by cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous sections (CEMOVIS). In some cases structural information can be combined with X-ray data leading to atomic resolution in situ. However, CEMOVIS is not routinely used. The two critical steps consist of producing a frozen section ribbon of a few millimeters in length and transferring the ribbon onto an electron microscopy grid. During these steps, the first sections of the ribbon are wrapped around an eyelash (unwrapping is frequent). When a ribbon is sufficiently attached to the eyelash, the operator must guide the nascent ribbon. Steady hands are required. Shaking or overstretching may break the ribbon. In turn, the ribbon immediately wraps around itself or flies away and thereby becomes unusable. Micromanipulators for eyelashes and grids as well as ionizers to attach section ribbons to grids were proposed. The rate of successful ribbon collection, however, remained low for most operators. Here we present a setup composed of two micromanipulators. One of the micromanipulators guides an electrically conductive fiber to which the ribbon sticks with unprecedented efficiency in comparison to a not conductive eyelash. The second micromanipulator positions the grid beneath the newly formed section ribbon and with the help of an ionizer the ribbon is attached to the grid. Although manipulations are greatly facilitated, sectioning artifacts remain but the likelihood to investigate high quality sections is significantly increased due to the large number of sections that can be produced with the reported tool.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Morphology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Studer
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Morphology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alycia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Morphology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ioan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Iacovache
authors.affiliation: Diatome SA, Helmstrasse 1, 2560 Nidau, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gnaegi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Morphology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3000 Bern 9, Switzerland. Electronic address: zuber@ana.unibe.ch.
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zuber
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D020285:Cryoelectron Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D016616:Cryoultramicrotomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005629:Frozen Sections / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008846:Micromanipulation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure
keywords: Cryo-electron microscopy; Cryosectioning; Electron microscopy; Frozen-hydrated sections; High pressure freezing; Micromanipulation; Ultramicrotomy