title: Femoral fracture reduction with a parallel manipulator robot on a traction table.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A parallel manipulator robot (PMR) on a traction table was developed to achieve better alignment of a fractured femur and reduce radiation exposure to both patients and physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  A PMR was built with a disk platform and a two-thirds circular ring. Fracture reductions were performed on eight artificially broken sawbone models and a cadaveric model. Fracture reduction was achieved using six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) movements of the two-thirds circular ring, while the PMR disk platform and the proximal femur remained stationary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Axial discrepancy, lateral translation and angulation had mean errors of 1.31 ± 0.45, 2.43 ± 0.49 and 2.26 ± 0.23 mm, respectively, when coarse adjustment was used. For the fine adjustment step, the mean errors were 0.63 ± 0.19 mm for axial discrepancy and 0.75 ± 0.26 mm for lateral translation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Femoral shaft fracture reduction with PMR on a traction table is a feasible and accurate approach to fracture reduction.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Orthopaedic Traumatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Junqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014143:Traction / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery; external fixation; femoral fracture reduction; parallel manipulator robot; traction table