title: Clinical disorders of primary malfunctioning of the lymphatic system.
abstract: Primary lymphedema is defined as lymphedema caused by dysplasia of the lymph vessels. This complex group of diseases is discussed in detail from a clinical perspective. A review of the epidemiology and classification of lymphedema on the backdrop of its clinical presentation reveals weaknesses of the present classification system, which, however, is the basis for the choice of optimal patient care. Non-syndrome and syndrome types of primary lymphedema are presented in detail and related molecular findings are summarized.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Department, Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bellini
authors.forename: Raoul C M
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hennekam
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008209:Lymphedema / Q000145:classification* / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D013577:Syndrome