title: Label-free detection of hepatocellular carcinoma markers based on photoluminescence of antibody-conjugated ZnO arrays.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant disease that is prevalent all around the world, especially in Asia. The combined detection of four common HCC markers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and 19-9 (CA19-9), can significantly improve the accuracy of early screening and diagnosis of this disease, which is very important for its effective treatment in a curable stage. In this article, hierarchical ZnO column arrays with core-shell structure were prepared, and specific antibodies of HCC markers were successfully conjugated onto ZnO arrays via the carbodiimide chemistry. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of antibody-ZnO increased after HCC markers were bound. In the range of 0.5-15 ng/mL for AFP or CEA (or 0.5-15 U/mL for CA125 or CA19-9), the apparent linear relations between the PL enhancements and the concentrations of HCC markers offered simple standard curve for HCC detection in serum samples, indicating that the PL-enhanced antibody-ZnO arrays could be utilized in early clinical screening. A preliminary mechanism of PL intensity enhancement can be established based on this work.
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24, South 1st Section, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, PR China.
authors.forename: Mian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Zhongbing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Guangfu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Aoshu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Jianwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018394:CA-125 Antigen; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D015034:Zinc Oxide