title: Preventive inositol hexaphosphate extracted from rice bran inhibits colorectal cancer through involvement of Wnt/β-catenin and COX-2 pathways.
abstract: Nutritional or dietary factors have drawn attention due to their potential as an effective chemopreventive agent, which is considered a more rational strategy in cancer treatment. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of IP₆ extracted from rice bran on azoxymethane- (AOM-) induced colorectal cancer (CRC) in rats. Initially, male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups, with 6 rats in each group. The rats received two intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of AOM in saline (15 mg/kg body weight) over a 2-week period to induce CRC. IP₆ was given in three concentrations, 0.2% (w/v), 0.5% (w/v), and 1.0% (w/v), via drinking water for 16 weeks. The deregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 have been implicated in colorectal tumorigenesis. β-Catenin and COX-2 expressions were analysed using the quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Herein, we reported that the administration of IP₆ markedly suppressed the incidence of tumors when compared to the control. Interestingly, the administration of IP₆ had also markedly decreased β-catenin and COX-2 in colon tumors. Thus, the downregulation of β-catenin and COX-2 could play a role in inhibiting the CRC development induced by IP₆ and thereby act as a potent anticancer agent.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nurul Husna
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Shafie
authors.forename: Norhaizan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohd Esa
authors.forename: Hairuszah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ithnin
authors.forename: Abdah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Md Akim
authors.forename: Norazalina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Ashok Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pandurangan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D008297:Male; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000187:drug effects*; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D010833:Phytic Acid; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C489691:Ptgs2 protein, rat