title: Successful treatment of Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus infection-associated juvenile cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa with tonsillectomy.
abstract: Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (cutaneous PAN) is a form of necrotizing vasculitis of small- and medium-sized arteries, primarily involving the skin. In juvenile cases, cutaneous PAN is known to be frequently associated with Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus (GAS) infections. We herein describe the first reported juvenile case of GAS-associated recurrent cutaneous PAN successfully improved with tonsillectomy. To avoid the use of steroids and immunosuppressive drugs, especially in juvenile cases, tonsillectomy is a possible treatment for GAS-associated recurrent cutaneous PAN.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University , Chuou-ku, Chiba City, Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University , Chuou-ku, Chiba City, Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Yuzaburo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: b Department of Allergy and Rheumatology , Chiba Children's Hospital , Midori-ku, Chiba City, Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomiita
authors.affiliation: c Department of Dermatology , Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine , Chuou-ku, Chiba City, Chiba , Japan.|d Department of Dermatology , Chiba Aoba Municipal Hospital , Chuo-ku, Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.affiliation: c Department of Dermatology , Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine , Chuou-ku, Chiba City, Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Naotomo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kambe
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University , Chuou-ku, Chiba City, Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Takayasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University , Chuou-ku, Chiba City, Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimojo
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University , Chuou-ku, Chiba City, Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010488:Polyarteritis Nodosa / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D013291:Streptococcus; D014068:Tonsillectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa; Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus; Tonsillectomy