title: Noradrenaline and acetylcholine responsiveness of glucose-monitoring and glucose-insensitive neurons in the mediodorsal prefrontal cortex.
abstract: The mediodorsal prefrontal cortex (mdPFC), as part of the forebrain glucose-monitoring (GM) system, plays important role in several regulatory processes to control the internal state of the organism and to initiate behavioral outputs accordingly. Little is known, however, about the neurochemical sensitivity of neurons located in this area. Substantial evidence indicates that the locus ceruleus - noradrenaline (NA) projection system and the nucleus basalis magnocellularis - cholinergic projection system regulate behavioral state and state dependent processing of sensory information, various cognitive functions already associated with the mdPFC. The main goal of the present study was to examine noradrenergic and cholinergic responsiveness of glucose-monitoring and glucose-insensitive (GIS) neurons in the mediodorsal prefrontal cortex. One fifth of the neurons tested changed in firing rate to microelectrophoretically applied NA. Responsiveness of the GM cells to this catecholamine proved to be significantly higher than that of the GIS units. Microiontophoretic application of acetylcholine (Ach) resulted in activity changes (predominantly facilitation) of more than 40% of the mdPFC neurons. Proportion of Ach sensitive units among the GM and the GIS neurons was found to be similar. The glucose-monitoring neurons of the mdPFC and their distinct NA and remarkable Ach sensitivity are suggested to be of particular significance in prefrontal control of adaptive behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Pécs University, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, and Molecular Neurophysiology Research Group, Pécs University Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary. Electronic address: bernadett.nagy@aok.pte.hu.
authors.forename: Bernadett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.affiliation: Pécs University, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, and Molecular Neurophysiology Research Group, Pécs University Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Szabó
authors.affiliation: Pécs University, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, and Molecular Neurophysiology Research Group, Pécs University Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Csetényi
authors.affiliation: Pécs University, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, and Molecular Neurophysiology Research Group, Pécs University Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Edina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hormay
authors.affiliation: Pécs University, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, and Molecular Neurophysiology Research Group, Pécs University Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Szilárd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Papp
authors.affiliation: Pécs University, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, and Molecular Neurophysiology Research Group, Pécs University Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Dóra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Keresztes
authors.affiliation: Pécs University, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, and Molecular Neurophysiology Research Group, Pécs University Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Karádi
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001703:Biophysics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D007478:Iontophoresis; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000166:cytology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose; D000109:Acetylcholine; D009638:Norepinephrine
keywords: Acetylcholine; Ach; DA; GIS; GM; Glucose-monitoring neuron; LC; MB; Mediodorsal prefrontal cortex; NA; NBM; Noradrenaline; PFC; acetylcholine; dopamine; glucose-insensitive; glucose-monitoring; locus ceruleus; mdPFC; mediodorsal prefrontal cortex; methylene-blue; noradrenaline; nucleus basalis magnocellularis; prefrontal cortex