title: Techniques for intramedullary nailing of proximal tibia fractures.
abstract: Despite poor early results with intramedullary nailing of extra-articular proximal tibia fractures, improvements in surgical technique and implant design modifications have resulted in more acceptable outcomes. However, prevention of the commonly encountered apex anterior and/or valgus deformities remains a challenge when treating these injuries. It is necessary for the surgeon to recognize this and know how to neutralize these forces. Surgeons should be comfortable using a variety of the reduction techniques presented to minimize fracture malalignment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Vanderbilt Orthopaedic Institute, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Medical Center East, Suite 4200, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Stinner
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mir
mesh_terms: D017760:Bone Malalignment / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D001858:Bone Nails / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000592:standards; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D058638:Operating Tables; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D056888:Patient Positioning / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011859:Radiography; D013977:Tibia / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Blocking screws; Extra-articular; Proximal tibia fracture; Retropatellar nailing; Semiextended nailing; Suprapatellar nailing