title: Health effect of the New Nordic Diet in adults with increased waist circumference: a 6-mo randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The regional Mediterranean Diet has been associated with lower risk of disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We tested the health effects of the New Nordic Diet (NND), which is a gastronomically driven regional, organic, and environmentally friendly diet, in a carefully controlled but free-living setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 181 centrally obese men and women, with a mean (range) age of 42 y (20-66 y), body mass index (in kg/m(2)) of 30.2 (22.6-47.3), and waist circumference of 100 cm (80-138 cm) were randomly assigned to receive either the NND (high in fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and fish) or an average Danish diet (ADD) for 26 wk. Participants received cookbooks and all foods ad libitum and free of charge by using a shop model. The primary endpoint was the weight change analyzed by both completer and intention-to-treat analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 147 subjects [81% (NND 81%; ADD 82%)] completed the intervention. A high dietary compliance was achieved, with significant differences in dietary intakes between groups. The mean (±SEM) weight change was -4.7 ± 0.5 kg for the NND compared with -1.5 ± 0.5 kg for the ADD (adjusted difference: -3.2 kg; 95% CI: -4.6, -1.8 kg; P < 0.001) for the completer analysis, and the difference was -3.0 kg (95% CI: -4.0, -2.1 kg) for the intention-to-treat analysis. The NND produced greater reductions in systolic blood pressure (adjusted difference: -5.1 mm Hg; 95% CI: -8.2, -2.1 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure (adjusted difference: -3.2 mm Hg; 95% CI: -5.7, -0.8 mm Hg) than did the ADD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An ad libitum NND produces weight loss and blood pressure reduction in centrally obese individuals. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01195610.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark (SKP, AD, AA, and TML); the NEXS, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, København N, Denmark (ABJ and BK); the Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada (KDS); the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (SS); and the Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark (CH).
authors.forename: Sanne K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.forename: Anette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Due
authors.forename: Andreas B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Jordy
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kiens
authors.forename: Ken D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: Steen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stender
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astrup
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Larsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D002523:Edible Grain; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000178:diet therapy*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012307:Risk Factors; D014675:Vegetables; D055105:Waist Circumference; D015431:Weight Loss; D055815:Young Adult