title: Osteogenic effect of low-temperature-heated porcine bone particles in a rat calvarial defect model.
abstract: The current study was designed to investigate the chemical and physical properties of porcine-derived xenografts of different crystallinity (low and high) and to evaluate their osteogenic potential. Porcine femur bone underwent a heat treatment process at 400°C (P400) and 1200°C (P1200) and was then milled into particles of 1 mm or less. In X-ray diffraction, P400 exhibited a low crystallinity compared with that of P1200, as indicated by the relatively wide diffraction peaks. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis revealed that P400 also had a wider surface area than P1200. In micro-CT scan analysis of specimens in a rat calvarial defect model, bone mineral density of the P400 group was significantly higher than that of the P1200 group (p < 0.01). New bone formation was also remarkably higher at 8 weeks in the P400 group, which showed more new osteocytes in the lacuna compared with the P1200 group. In this study, low crystalline bone particles were obtained at low processing temperature (at temperature of 400°C) and achieved superior new bone formation compared with the high crystalline bone particles created at a higher process temperature (1200°C). It can be concluded that lower process temperature bone particles might provide a more effective graft material for enhancing bone formation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 3609-3617, 2014.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ara
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Go
authors.forename: Se Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung Mi
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Sang-Myeong
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seok Hwa
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jun Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Seong Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005269:Femur / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000637:transplantation; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D016062:Porosity; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D002118:Calcium
keywords: bone tissue engineering; calvarial defect; low crystalline; porcine cancellous bone; xenograft