title: Apple ermine moth,Yponomeuta malinellus Zeller Two components of female sex pheromone gland highly effective in field trapping tests.
abstract: When electroantennographic responses of maleYponomeuta malinellus Zeller to model compounds were determined at dosages of 0.3-30 ng, the strongest responses were obtained from (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate (Z9-12∶Ac). Also, strong responses were obtained from (Z)-11-tetradecenal (Z11-14∶A1) and (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol (Zl1-14∶OH). At a dosage of 0.3 ng,Z11-14∶A1 produced a stronger response thanZ11-14∶OH, while at a dosage of 30 ng,Z11-14∶OH andZ11-14∶A1 produced equal responses. Gas chromatographic and mass spectral analysis of extracts of female sex pheromone glands showed the presence ofZ9-12∶Ac, tetradecan-1-ol (14∶OH), (E)-11-tetradecen-1-ol (E11-14∶OH),Z11-14∶OH, hexadecan-1-ol, and hexadecan-1-ol acetate in a ratio of 0.6∶200∶37∶100∶140∶35. In field tests,Z9-12∶Ac andZ11-14∶OH together were required for trap catch, and addition ofZ11-14∶A1,E11-14∶OH, 14∶OH, or (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol acetate did not increase catch. Ratios in rubber septa of 0.5∶99.5 to 1.5∶98.5 (Z9-12∶ Ac/Z11-14∶OH) captured the most males and captures were statistically equivalent for dosages of 10-1000 μg/rubber septum. Traps baited with the synthetic lure produced better catches than those baited with females.
authors.affiliation: Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, 3706 W. Nob Hill Blvd., 98902, Yakima, Washington.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: McDonough
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Smithhisler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Voerman
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Chapman