title: Comparative investigation of Umbellularia californica and Laurus nobilis leaf essential oils and identification of constituents active against Aedes aegypti.
abstract: Umbellularia californica (California bay laurel) and Laurus nobilis (Mediterranean bay laurel) leaves may be mistaken or used as a substitute on the market due to their morphological similarity. In this study, a comparison of anatomical and chemical features and biological activity of both plants is presented. L. nobilis essential oil biting deterrent and larvicidal activity were negligible. On the other hand, U. californica leaf oil showed biting deterrent activity against Aedes aegypti . The identified active repellents was thymol, along with (-)-umbellulone, 1,8-cineole, and (-)-α-terpineol. U. californica essential oil also demonstrated good larvicidal activity against 1-day-old Ae. aegypti larvae with a LD50 value of 52.6 ppm. Thymol (LD50 = 17.6 ppm), p-cymene, (-)-umbellulone, and methyleugenol were the primary larvicidal in this oil. Umbellulone was found as the principal compound (37%) of U. californica essential oil, but was not present in L. nobilis essential oil. Umbellulone mosquito activity is here reported for the first time.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States.
authors.forename: Nurhayat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tabanca
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Avonto
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jon F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Parcher
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Betul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.forename: Vijayasankar
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raman
authors.forename: Ikhlas A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027442:Laurus / Q000737:chemistry*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027422:Umbellularia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils