title: The effect of subgingival ozone and/or hydrogen peroxide on the development of peri-implant mucositis: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This double-blind randomized controlled trial assessed the effect of subgingival ozone (O3, gaseous ozone, HealOzone MK II, KaVo) and/or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the development of peri-implant mucositis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty subjects (mean age, 60 ± 7.7 years) with 80 implants (4 implants each) were recruited. First, a 2-week pretrial phase took place to achieve healthy gingiva. Subsequently, partial gum shields were constructed for the experimental area (around the 4 implants); subjects were asked to refrain from brushing in that area by wearing the gum shield. The following treatments were randomly applied (for 60 seconds) to implant sites on days 0, 7, and 14: (1) air (O2) and saline (0.9% NaCl) (control group), (2) O2 and H2O2 (3%), (3) O3 and saline, and (4) O3 and H2O2. Plaque, gingival, and bleeding indices were recorded on days 0, 7, 14, and 21.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were seen among the treatments (P < .01) in plaque (F = 16.68), modified gingival (F = 7.86), and bleeding (F = 18.42) indices. O3 + saline and O3 + H2O2 produced optimum gingival health scores and were equally effective and the most effective in controlling bleeding (mean score = 0.05), while O2 + saline was the least effective (mean score = 0.56).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ozone showed great potential for management of peri-implant mucositis.
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borzabadi-Farahani
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lynch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052016:Mucositis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D010126:Ozone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D015921:Dental Implants; D010126:Ozone; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide