title: [Air pollution and urgent hospital admissions in 25 Italian cities: results from the EpiAir2 project].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to evaluate the relationship between air pollution and hospital admissions in 25 Italian cities that took part in the EpiAir (Epidemiological surveillance of air pollution effects among Italian cities) project.
  
  
  METHODS
  study of time series with case-crossover methodology, with adjustment for meteorological and time-dependent variables. The association air pollution hospitalisation was analyzed in each of the 25 cities involved in the study; the overall estimates of effect were obtained subsequently by means of a meta-analysis. The pollutants considered were PM10, PM2.5 (in 13 cities only), NO2 and ozone (O3); this last pollutant restricted to the summer season (April-September).
  
  
  METHODS
  the study has analyzed 2,246,448 urgent hospital admissions for non-accidental diseases in 25 Italian cities during the period 2006- 2010; 10 out of 25 cities took part also in the first phase of the project (2001-2005).
  
  
  METHODS
  urgent hospital admissions for cardiac, cerebrovascular and respiratory diseases, for all age groups, were considered. The respiratory hospital admissions were analysed also for the 0-14-year subgroup. Percentage increases risk of hospitalization associated with increments of 10 µg/m(3) and interquartile range (IQR) of the concentration of each pollutant were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  reported results were related to an increment of 10 µg/m(3) of air pollutant. The percent increase for PM10 for cardiac causes was 0.34% at lag 0 (95%CI 0.04-0.63), for respiratory causes 0.75% at lag 0-5 (95%CI 0.25-1.25). For PM2.5, the percent increase for respiratory causes was 1.23% at lag 0- 5 (95%CI 0.58-1.88). For NO2, the percent increase for cardiac causes was 0.57% at lag 0 (95%CI 0.13-1.02); 1.29% at lag 0-5 (95%CI 0.52-2.06) for respiratory causes. Ozone (O3) did not turned out to be positively associated neither with cardiac nor with respiratory causes as noted in the previous period (2001-2005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the results of the study confirm an association between PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 on hospital admissions among 25 Italian cities. No positive associations for ozone was noted in this period.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento tematico epidemiologia e salute ambientale, ARPA Piemonte, Torino c.scarinzi@arpa.piemonte.it.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scarinzi
authors.forename: Ester Rita
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Alessandrini
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiusolo
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galassi
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baldini
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serinelli
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pandolfi
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bruni
authors.forename: Annibale
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biggeri
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Togni
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carreras
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casella
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Canova
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Randi
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ranzi
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morassuto
authors.forename: Achille
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cernigliaro
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giannini
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lauriola
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Minichilli
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gherardi
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zauli-Sajani
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stafoggia
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Casale
authors.forename: Emilio Antonio Luca
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Gianicolo
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piovesan
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tominz
authors.forename: Loredana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Porcaro
authors.forename: Ennio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cadum
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002947:Cities; D004630:Emergencies / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D010126:Ozone; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide