title: Toxigenic potential of Fusarium graminearum isolated from maize of northwest Argentina.
abstract: Twenty six isolates of Fusarium graminearum from grains of maize hybrids harvested in ±west Argentina were grown on autoclaved rice grain to assess their ability to produce type B trichothecenes. Chemical analysis indicated that 38% of isolates were nivalenol (NIV) producers only, 31% were major NIV producers with high DON(deoxynivalenol)/NIV ratios, 8% were major DON producers with minor NIV production, and 23% were DON producers only. Isolates showed a high variability in their toxigenic potential which was not related to fungal biomass. The distribution of the different chemotypes as well as the high and the low trichothecene-producing Fusarium isolates could not be associated to a geographical origin. Our results confirmed for the first time that isolates of Fusarium graminearum from maize of northwest Argentina are able to produce DON and NIV. A substancial contamination with both NIV and DON is likely in maize from northwest Argentina. Their contents should be quantified in regional surveillances for mycotoxin contamination.
authors.affiliation: LABIFITO, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sampietro
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Apud
authors.forename: M M E
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Belizán
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vattuone
authors.forename: C A N
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Catalán
mesh_terms: D001118:Argentina; D005670:Fusarium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012275:Oryza / Q000382:microbiology; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes
keywords: Fusarium graminearum; chemotypes; maize; trichothecenes