title: Adipose-derived mesenchymal cells for bone regereneration: state of the art.
abstract: Adipose tissue represents a hot topic in regenerative medicine because of the tissue source abundance, the relatively easy retrieval, and the inherent biological properties of mesenchymal stem cells residing in its stroma. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are indeed multipotent somatic stem cells exhibiting growth kinetics and plasticity, proved to induce efficient tissue regeneration in several biomedical applications. A defined consensus for their isolation, classification, and characterization has been very recently achieved. In particular, bone tissue reconstruction and regeneration based on ASCs has emerged as a promising approach to restore structure and function of bone compromised by injury or disease. ASCs have been used in combination with osteoinductive biomaterial and/or osteogenic molecules, in either static or dynamic culture systems, to improve bone regeneration in several animal models. To date, few clinical trials on ASC-based bone reconstruction have been concluded and proved effective. The aim of this review is to dissect the state of the art on ASC use in bone regenerative applications in the attempt to provide a comprehensive coverage of the topics, from the basic laboratory to recent clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barba
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cicione
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Michetti
authors.forename: Wanda
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lattanzi
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D023822:Tissue Engineering