title: Essential oil from Artemisia phaeolepis: chemical composition and antimicrobial activities.
abstract: Artemisia phaeolepis, a perennial herb with a strong volatile odor, grows on the grasslands of Mediterranean region. Essential oil obtained from Artemisia phaeolepis was analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 79 components representing 98.19% of the total oil were identified, and the main compounds in the oil were found to be eucalyptol (11.30%), camphor (8.21%), terpine-4-ol (7.32%), germacrene D (6.39), caryophyllene oxide (6.34%), and caryophyllene (5.37%). The essential oil showed definite inhibitory activity against 10 strains of test microorganisms. Eucalyptol, camphor, terpine-4-ol, caryophyllene, germacrene D and caryophyllene oxide were also examined as the major components of the oil. Camphor showed the strongest antimicrobial activity; terpine-4-ol, eucalyptol, caryophyllene and germacrene D were moderately active and caryophyllene oxide was weakly active. The study revealed that the antimicrobial properties of the essential oil can be attributed to the synergistic effects of its diverse major and minor components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa.
authors.forename: Anis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben Hsouna
authors.forename: Nihed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ben Halima
authors.forename: Slim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdelkafi
authors.forename: Naceur
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamdi
mesh_terms: D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry*; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000187:drug effects; D002164:Camphor / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004357:Drug Synergism; D000077591:Eucalyptol; D005410:Flame Ionization / Q000379:methods; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis*; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D045788:Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D013729:Terpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003511:Cyclohexanols; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D045788:Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; D013729:Terpenes; C034019:terpinenol-4; D002164:Camphor; C024714:caryophyllene; D000077591:Eucalyptol; C027259:germacrene D