title: Nitrogen-doped porous graphitic carbon as an excellent electrode material for advanced supercapacitors.
abstract: An advanced supercapacitor material based on nitrogen-doped porous graphitic carbon (NPGC) with high a surface area was synthesized by means of a simple coordination-pyrolysis combination process, in which tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), nickel nitrate, and glucose were adopted as porogent, graphitic catalyst precursor, and carbon source, respectively. In addition, melamine was selected as a nitrogen source owing to its nitrogen-enriched structure and the strong interaction between the amine groups and the glucose unit. A low-temperature treatment resulted in the formation of a NPGC precursor by combination of the catalytic precursor, hydrolyzed TEOS, and the melamine-glucose unit. Following pyrolysis and removal of the catalyst and porogent, the NPGC material showed excellent electrical conductivity owing to its high crystallinity, a large Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (SBET =1027 m(2)  g(-1) ), and a high nitrogen level (7.72 wt %). The unusual microstructure of NPGC materials could provide electrochemical energy storage. The NPGC material, without the need for any conductive additives, showed excellent capacitive behavior (293 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1) ), long-term cycling stability, and high coulombic efficiency (>99.9 % over 5000 cycles) in KOH when used as an electrode. Notably, in a two-electrode symmetric supercapacitor, NPGC energy densities as high as 8.1 and 47.5 Wh kg(-1) , at a high power density (10.5 kW kg(-1) ), were achieved in 6 M KOH and 1 M Et4 NBF4 -PC electrolytes, respectively. Thus, the synthesized NPGC material could be a highly promising electrode material for advanced supercapacitors and other conversion devices.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080 (P. R. China), Fax: (+86) 451-8666-1259.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Chungui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Honggang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fu
keywords: conductivity; graphitic carbon; supercapacitors; surface area