title: Comparison of microneedle fractional radiofrequency therapy with intradermal botulinum toxin a injection for periorbital rejuvenation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For periorbital rejuvenation, injection of botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) is known to improve both static as well as dynamic wrinkles. A microneedle fractional radiofrequency (MFR) device was recently developed and is a novel and promising tool.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study compares the effects of these two treatment modalities on periorbital static wrinkles and lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve healthy women aged 20-59 years with periorbital wrinkles participated in this study. Each patient received one session of intradermal injection of BoNT/A on the left periorbital area and three sessions of MFR on the right. Clinical improvement, skin elasticity and subjective satisfaction were evaluated at every visit (baseline, 3, 6 and 18 weeks).
  
  
  RESULTS
  BoNT/A injection showed superior effects at 3 and 6 weeks. However, the MFR device showed better improvement at 18 weeks. In skin biopsies, the expression of procollagen 3 and elastin was increased on the MFR side compared to the untreated skin and the BoNT/A injection side. The patient satisfaction surveys at 3 weeks showed better satisfaction on the BoNT/A treatment side compared to the MFR treatment side. At 18 weeks, there were no significant differences in patient satisfaction between the two sides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BoNT/A injection rapidly improved periorbital wrinkles, but the effect decreased up to week 18. Compared to BoNT/A injection, MFR therapy showed gradual and long-term improvement in periorbital rejuvenation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In Kyung
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Sung Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Gyeong-Hun
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Mi Ryung
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Roh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000032:analysis; D004548:Elasticity; D004549:Elastin / Q000032:analysis; D005123:Eye; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012060:Rejuvenation; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry; D015595:Skin Aging; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D024061:Collagen Type III; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D004549:Elastin; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A