title: Biliary casts after liver transplantation: morphology and biochemical analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the pathogenesis of biliary casts after liver transplantation relative to their morphology and biochemical markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The microstructure of biliary casts was assessed using scanning electron microscopy and Hematoxylin and eosin staining assessed their histology. The expression levels of CD3, CD5, CD34, CD68 and CD79a in these biliary casts were evaluated immunohistochemically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Biliary casts differed widely in their microstructure, with some containing blood vessels positive for CD34 and collagen fibers with positive Masson staining. Large numbers of neutrophils and other inflammatory cells were present, but only on the edge of the biliary casts; although the boundaries were clear without crossover. None of the biliary casts contained T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, macrophages and other inflammatory cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The microcostructure of biliary casts differed. Bacteria and acute rejection are not clearly related to their formation.
authors.affiliation: Yu-Long Yang, Cheng Zhang, Mei-Ju Lin, Li-Jun Shi, Hong-Wei Zhang, Jing-Yi Li, Qiang Yu, Department of Minimally Invasive Biliary Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mei-Ju
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Hong-Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000276:immunology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000032:analysis; D018956:CD5 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D051925:CD79 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D003094:Collagen / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D015415:Biomarkers; D017252:CD3 Complex; D018956:CD5 Antigens; D051925:CD79 Antigens; D003094:Collagen; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule; C497881:CD79A protein, human
keywords: Acute rejection; Biliary cast; Biliary cast syndrome; Blood vessels; Liver transplantation