title: Cell density impacts on Candida glabrata survival in hypo-osmotic stress.
abstract: Candida glabrata cells suspended in water are under hypo-osmotic stress and undergo cell death in 1-2 days, unless they are at a density of more than 10(5 ) CFU mL(-1) . The dying cells exhibit FITC-annexin V staining, indicative of programmed cell death (apoptosis). In a higher cell density, cells are protected and survive at least for 4 days. Filtrates from cells at high density can protect those at lower density, indicating that cells release substances, amounting to c. 5 mg L(-1) of cell suspension, that protect each other against hypo-osmotic stress. In a concentrated form, the released materials can support growth, indicating that the protective material includes carbon and nitrogen sources, as well as vitamins that are required by C. glabrata for growth. We conclude that cell death from hypo-osmotic stress can be alleviated by small amounts of nutrients.
authors.affiliation: Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Hala
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Almshawit
authors.forename: Dodie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pouniotis
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Macreadie
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D041221:Candida glabrata / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050296:Microbial Viability; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
keywords: apoptosis; quorum protection; secretome