title: The role of PD-1 and PD-L1 in T-cell immune suppression in patients with hematological malignancies.
abstract: T-cell activation and dysfunction relies on direct and modulated receptors. Based on their functional outcome, co-signaling molecules can be divided as co-stimulators and co-inhibitors, which positively and negatively control the priming, growth, differentiation and functional maturation of a T-cell response. We are beginning to understand the power of co-inhibitors in the context of lymphocyte homeostasis and the pathogenesis of leukemia, which involves several newly described co-inhibitory pathways, including the programmed death-1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) pathway. The aim of this review is to summarize the PD-1 and PD-L1 biological functions and their alterative expression in hematological malignancies. The role of PD-1 and PD-L1 in T-cell immune suppression and the potential for immunotherapy via blocking PD-1 and PD-L1 in hematological malignancies are also reviewed.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Shaohua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lijian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. yangqiuli@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yangqiu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C423236:CD274 protein, human; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor