title: [Genetic bases of autism spectrum disorders].
abstract: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are an etiologically and clinically heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders affecting approximately 0.6-1% of the general population. ASDs are characterized by deficits in social communication, impaired language development, and stereotyped repetitive behaviour. The impact of genetic factors in ASDs has been confirmed in the past few years. Numerous studies have shown that among patients with ASDs, approximately 10% have DNA copy number variation and 10-20% point mutations. Most of the deficiencies identified in individuals with ASDs relate to genes encoding proteins involved mainly in the development of neurons and their synapses functioning in various signaling pathways. Due to the large heterogeneity of identified changes in the genome of individuals with ASDs, the newest techniques enabling analysis of the entire genome in one study (microarrays, next-generation sequencing) are the methods of choice in the diagnostics of this pathology.
authors.affiliation: Zakład Genetyki Medycznej, Instytut Matki i Dziecka, Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211 Warszawa, 0048 22 32-77-145, pawel.stankiewicz@imid.med.pl.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiśniowiecka-Kowalnik
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kastory-Bronowska
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stankiewicz
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations; D006801:Humans; D017354:Point Mutation; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics