title: Preparation of Li4Ti5O12 yolk-shell powders by spray pyrolysis and their electrochemical properties.
abstract: We have reported for the first time the preparation of yolk-shell-structured Li4Ti5O12 powders for use as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. One Li4Ti5O12 yolk-shell-particle powder is directly formed from each droplet containing lithium, titanium, and carbon components inside the hot wall reactor maintained at 900 °C. The precursor Li4Ti5O12 yolk-shell-particle powders, which are directly prepared by spray pyrolysis, have initial discharge and charge capacities of 155 and 122 mA h g(-1) , respectively, at a current density of 175 mA g(-1) . Post-treatment of the yolk-shell-particle powders at temperatures of 700 and 800 °C improves the initial discharge and charge capacities. The initial discharge capacities of the Li4Ti5O12 powders with a yolk-shell structure and a dense structure post-treated at 800 °C are 189 and 168 mA h g(-1) , respectively. After 100 cycles, the corresponding capacities are 172 and 152 mA h g(-1) , respectively (retentions of 91 and 90%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701 (Korea).
authors.forename: Kwang Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: You Na
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Jung-Yeul
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Yun Chan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kang
keywords: anode materials; lithium titanate; lithium-ion batteries; nanoparticles; spray pyrolysis