title: Healthy eating for life: rationale and development of an English as a second language (ESL) curriculum for promoting healthy nutrition.
abstract: Low health literacy contributes significantly to cancer health disparities disadvantaging minorities and the medically underserved. Immigrants to the United States constitute a particularly vulnerable subgroup of the medically underserved, and because many are non-native English speakers, they are pre-disposed to encounter language and literacy barriers across the cancer continuum. Healthy Eating for Life (HE4L) is an English as a second language (ESL) curriculum designed to teach English language and health literacy while promoting fruit and vegetable consumption for cancer prevention. This article describes the rationale, design, and content of HE4L. HE4L is a content-based adult ESL curriculum grounded in the health action process approach to behavior change. The curriculum package includes a soap opera-like storyline, an interactive student workbook, a teacher's manual, and audio files. HE4L is the first teacher-administered, multimedia nutrition-education curriculum designed to reduce cancer risk among beginning-level ESL students. HE4L is unique because it combines adult ESL principles, health education content, and behavioral theory. HE4L provides a case study of how evidence-based, health promotion practices can be implemented into real-life settings and serves as a timely, useful, and accessible nutrition-education resource for health educators.
authors.affiliation: Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, P.O. Box 208034, New Haven, CT 06520-8034 USA.
authors.forename: Josefa L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Rivers
authors.forename: Lindsay R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertoli
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Latimer-Cheung
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salovey
keywords: Cancer health disparities; English as a second language; Health literacy; Immigrants; Intervention