title: Polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera enhance the immunity of normal mice.
abstract: The effects of polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera (PEP) on cell-mediated immunity, humoral immunity and mononuclear phagocytic system function were evaluated to assess the immunomodulatory potential of these macromolecules. Relevant immunological mechanisms were verified by biochemical assays and western blot analysis. Results showed that PEP could induce splenocyte proliferation. In vivo experiments on Kunming mice confirmed that PEP could improve cell-mediated immunity, humoral immunity and mononuclear phagocytic system function. To illustrate the mechanism, we determined several immune-related enzymes in the thymus and spleen. The results indicated that PEP could enhance the activities of alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase. PEP could also increase the level of NF-κB. These results suggested that PEP exhibited potent immunomodulatory properties and could be used as a novel potential immunostimulant in food and pharmaceutical industries.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Center of Resource Chemical & New Material, Qingdao, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianteng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Mariculture Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266002, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuxian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Center of Resource Chemical & New Material, Qingdao, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Center of Resource Chemical & New Material, Qingdao, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
authors.forename: Yongfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Center of Resource Chemical & New Material, Qingdao, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Center of Resource Chemical & New Material, Qingdao, Qingdao 266100, PR China. Electronic address: didl@licp.cas.cn.
authors.forename: Duolong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Di
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D056747:Immunomodulation; D051379:Mice; D009929:Organ Size; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides
keywords: Enteromorpha prolifera; Immune response; Immune-related enzyme; NF-κB; Polysaccharide