title: Nosocomial infection characteristics in a burn intensive care unit: analysis of an eleven-year active surveillance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to describe nosocomial infection (NI) rates, risk factors, etiologic agents, antibiotic susceptibility, invasive device utilization and invasive device associated infection rates in a burn intensive care unit (ICU) in Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective surveillance of nosocomial infections was performed according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) criteria between 2001 and 2012. The data was analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period 658 burn patients were admitted to our burn ICU. 469 cases acquired 602 NI for an overall NI rate of 23.1 per 1000 patient days. 109 of all the cases (16.5%) died. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (241), Acinetobacter baumannii (186) and Staphylococcus aureus (69) were the most common identified bacteria in 547 strains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Total burn surface area, full thickness burn, older age, presence of inhalation injury were determined to be the significant risk factors for acquisition of NI. Determining the NI profile at a certain burn ICU can lead the medical staff apply the appropriate treatment regimen and limit the drug resistance. Eleven years surveillance report presented here provides a recent data about the risk factors of NI in a Turkish burn ICU.
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oral
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Öncül
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Burn Unit, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: sinanoksuz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sinan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Öksüz
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Burn Unit, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ülkür
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Vedat
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Turhan
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Burn Unit, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uygur
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Asım
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulçay
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Erdem
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Özyurt
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Görenek
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D001830:Body Surface Area; D002053:Burn Units; D002056:Burns / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D062905:Central Venous Catheters; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053717:Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015208:Smoke Inhalation Injury / Q000453:epidemiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D062885:Urinary Catheters; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Burn intensive care unit; Invasive device associated infection; Nosocomial infection; Surveillance