title: Periodontal disease increases risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: The aim of this study was to explore whether a periodontal disease could be a risk indicator for a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The examined group comprised 93 patients with COPD (mean age 65.8 years). The control group comprised 43 systemically healthy individuals (mean age 62.1 years). Respiratory and periodontal conditions were examined in both groups. COPB subjects had significantly worse periodontal conditions than controls (p < 0.05) with regard to each parameter of periodontal condition, except for gingival inflammation. COPD patients had higher Plaque Index than control patients (82.84 +/- 22.81 vs. 57.15 +/- 26.96; p < 0.001), higher periodontal depth (3.02 +/- 0.92 vs. 2.57 +/- 0.79 mm; p = 0.007), higher gingival recession (1.97 +/- 1.09 vs. 0.91 +/- 0.79 mm; p < 0.001), and higher mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) (4.12 +/- 1.74 vs. 2.91 +/- 1.27 mm; p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression model, after controlling for other risk indicators, showed that periodontal disease, presented as CAL > or = 4 mm at > or = 60% sites, was associated with odds ratio of 3.2 (95% CI 1.0-9.8) for the COPB group. Data suggest that periodontal disease could be a risk indicator for COPD.
authors.affiliation: Dental Office, Dom Zdravlja Zagreb - Centar, Zagreb, Croatia.
authors.forename: Karla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ledić
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marinković
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Puhar
authors.forename: Stjepan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spalj
authors.forename: Sanja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Popović-Grle
authors.forename: Marija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ivić-Kardum
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samarzija
authors.forename: Darije
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Plancak
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017523:Croatia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*