title: Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption in relation to changes in body fatness over 6 and 12 years among 9-year-old children: the European Youth Heart Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In parallel with the obesity epidemic, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has risen over the same period. Our aim was to investigate associations between the consumption of SSB in childhood and adolescence with subsequent changes in body fatness in early adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  A longitudinal study of 9-year-old children (n=283) enrolled in the Danish part of the European Youth Heart Study with a 6-year and 12-year follow-up. Data were collected at ages 9, 15 and 21 years. Multivariate regression analyses with adjustment for potential confounders were used to evaluate the effect of SSB consumption at 9 and 15 years and change in SSB consumption from 9-15 years on subsequent change in body fatness until 21 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects who consumed more than one serve of SSB daily at age 15 years had larger increases in body mass index (BMI) (β=0.92, P=0.046) and waist circumference (WC) (β=2.69, P=0.04) compared to non-consumers over the subsequent 6 years. In addition, subjects who increased their SSB consumption from age 9-15 years also had larger increases in BMI (β=0.91, P=0.09) and WC (β=2.72, P=0.04) from 15-21 years, compared to those who reported no change in consumption. No significant association was observed from 9-21 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides new evidence that SSB consumption in adolescence and changes in SSB consumption from childhood to adolescence are both significant predictors of change in body fatness later in early adulthood.
authors.affiliation: School of Molecular Bioscience, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: School of Molecular Bioscience, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rangan
authors.affiliation: Research Unit for Dietary Studies, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals-a part of Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.affiliation: 1] Research Center of Childhood Health, Department of Exercise Epidemiology, Institute of Sport Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark [2] Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bo Andersen
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Childhood Health, Department of Exercise Epidemiology, Institute of Sport Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wedderkopp
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Childhood Health, Department of Exercise Epidemiology, Institute of Sport Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Childhood Health, Department of Exercise Epidemiology, Institute of Sport Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grøntved
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Childhood Health, Department of Exercise Epidemiology, Institute of Sport Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ried-Larsen
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lempert
authors.affiliation: School of Molecular Bioscience, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Allman-Farinelli
authors.affiliation: 1] Research Unit for Dietary Studies, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals-a part of Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark [2] National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Heitmann
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055105:Waist Circumference; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D064427:Nutritive Sweeteners