title: Clinical character of cystitis glandularis accompanied with upper urinary tract obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We explore the clinical character of cystitis glandularis accompanied with upper urinary tract obstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared 70 cases of cystitis glandularis accompanied with upper urinary tract obstruction with 60 cases of cystitis glandularis without upper urinary tract obstruction. The difference of clinical manifestation and surgical efficacy was observed between the 2 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of cystitis glandularis in women was higher than in men and the age of patients with cystitis glandularis and upper urinary tract obstruction was younger than the age of patients without upper urinary tract obstruction. The main symptom of cystitis glandularis accompanied with upper urinary tract obstruction were renal colic and abdominal pain; a few patients with a shorter course of the disease also had nausea, vomiting, frequency, urgency, dysuria, hematuria and fever. The distribution and morphological characteristics of lesions on the bladder and in the urine culture were not different between the 2 groups. There was no second operation on patients with upper urinary tract obstruction, but at least a second operation was performed on 9.3% patients without upper urinary tract obstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with upper urinary tract obstruction, we found that it was the main clinical symptom of their cystitis glandularis. Identifying and removing the causes of upper urinary tract obstruction is the most important management method. For the cystitis glandularis, active treatment or close follow-up should be made.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China;
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sikuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Honghai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Binghui
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhng