title: HIV and the brain: from AIDS to old age.
abstract: The field of HIV medicine has changed rapidly in the last two decades since effective and tolerable antiretroviral treatment became available. As a result, although classical opportunistic infections of the brain have become less common, clinicians need to be aware of a wider range of acute and chronic complications of HIV and its treatment. In this article, we summarise major opportunistic infections, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, and cerebrovascular disease in HIV positive patients. We also emphasise the preventability and reversibility of most of the central nervous system complications of HIV, and hence the importance of early diagnosis of HIV and involvement of clinicians with special expertise in HIV medicine.
authors.affiliation: Research Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, UK.
authors.forename: Lewis J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Haddow
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cartledge
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Manji
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001921:Brain; D015658:HIV Infections; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
keywords: AIDS; HAART; HIV; IRIS; cerebrovascular disease; neurocognitive disorders