title: How music alters a kiss: superior temporal gyrus controls fusiform-amygdalar effective connectivity.
abstract: While watching movies, the brain integrates the visual information and the musical soundtrack into a coherent percept. Multisensory integration can lead to emotion elicitation on which soundtrack valences may have a modulatory impact. Here, dynamic kissing scenes from romantic comedies were presented to 22 participants (13 females) during functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. The kissing scenes were either accompanied by happy music, sad music or no music. Evidence from cross-modal studies motivated a predefined three-region network for multisensory integration of emotion, consisting of fusiform gyrus (FG), amygdala (AMY) and anterior superior temporal gyrus (aSTG). The interactions in this network were investigated using dynamic causal models of effective connectivity. This revealed bilinear modulations by happy and sad music with suppression effects on the connectivity from FG and AMY to aSTG. Non-linear dynamic causal modeling showed a suppressive gating effect of aSTG on fusiform-amygdalar connectivity. In conclusion, fusiform to amygdala coupling strength is modulated via feedback through aSTG as region for multisensory integration of emotional material. This mechanism was emotion-specific and more pronounced for sad music. Therefore, soundtrack valences may modulate emotion elicitation in movies by differentially changing preprocessed visual information to the amygdala.
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germ
authors.forename: Corinna
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pehrs
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germ
authors.forename: Lorenz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deserno
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germ
authors.forename: Jan-Hendrik
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bakels
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germ
authors.forename: Lorna H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Schlochtermeier
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germ
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kappelhoff
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germ
authors.forename: Arthur M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germ
authors.forename: Thomas Hans
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germ
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koelsch
authors.affiliation: Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute for Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Cluster of Excellence 'Languages of Emotion', Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germ
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kuchinke
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009146:Music; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: emotion; fMRI; multisensory integration; non-linear DCM; superior temporal gyrus