title: Current treatment of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
abstract: Massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding is a significant and expensive problem that requires methodical evaluation, management, and treatment. After initial resuscitation, care should be taken to localize the site of bleeding. Once localized, lesions can then be treated with endoscopic or angiographic interventions, reserving surgery for ongoing or recurrent bleeding.
authors.affiliation: Swedish Colon and Rectal Clinic, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Tal
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Raphaeli
authors.forename: Raman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Menon
keywords: angiography; colonoscopy; gastrointestinal hemorrhage: surgery; lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage; radionuclide scintigraphy