title: Toxicokinetic differences and toxicities of silver nanoparticles and silver ions in rats after single oral administration.
abstract: Blood levels, tissue distributions, and excretion of silver (Ag) were measured in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 5) up to 24 h after a single oral administration of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and silver ions (Ag(+)), respectively. The AUC24hr of Ag(+) was 3.81 ± 0.57 μg/d/ml when rats were treated with a single dose of 20 mg/kg, whereas that of AgNP was 1.58 ± 0.25 μg/d/ml. Tissue distribution of Ag in liver, kidneys, and lungs was higher when Ag(+) was administered compared to AgNP. Orally administered AgNP were predominantly excreted through feces, suggesting low bioavailability. Death or body weight changes were not observed in the Ag(+)- or AgNP-treated groups. However, decreased red blood cell counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were found in the Ag(+)-treated groups, while increased platelet counts and mean platelet volume were noted in the AgNP-treated rats. A serum biochemical analysis showed that aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) rose significantly following Ag(+) treatment (20 mg/kg). AgNP treatment (2 or 20 mg/kg) also elevated AST, whereas infiltration of mononuclear cells with liver necrosis was found only in the 20 mg/kg Ag(+)-treated animals.
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Kwangsik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D009929:Organ Size; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012834:Silver / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D012834:Silver