title: Cytogenetic endpoints and Xenobiotic gene polymorphism in lymphocytes of hospital workers chronically exposed to ionizing radiation in Cardiology, Radiology and Orthopedic Laboratories.
abstract: Ionizing radiation (IR) is known as a classical mutagen capable of inducing various kinds of stable and unstable chromosomal aberrations (CA) including the possibility of increasing the incidence of DNA damage. This study aims to assess occupationally induced CA in workers chronically exposed to low doses of IR in Radiology (RL), Cardiology (CL) and Orthopedic (OL) Laboratories in hospitals of Tamil Nadu. We performed the analysis of CA by trypsin G-banding, micronucleus (MN) assay, Comet assay and Xenobiotic-metabolizing gene polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) in 56 exposed and 56 control subjects who were matched for gender and age (± 2 years). Higher degree of CA and MN frequencies were observed in exposed groups, especially in CL subjects compared to other exposed groups and controls (p<0.05). Higher frequency of DNA tail length and tail moment was observed in the CL exposed subjects compared to the RL and OL subjects. The frequencies of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were 39.3 percent and 14.3 percent, respectively. No significant difference in allele frequencies between exposed subjects and controls were observed (p=0.0128). Using multiple linear regression analysis, statistical significance was determined for work duration and age for the CL, RL and OL workers and the examination of the possible impact by confounding factors showed few significant influences on the radiation exposure, as a specific biomarker. However, the findings from the present study suggest that, awareness should be created among the personnel exposed to radiations in hospital laboratories, highlighting the necessity of applying radiation protection principles against medical radiation exposure.
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: geneticbala@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Balachandar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vellingiri
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Sureshkumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shanmugam
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Mohana Devi
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Balamuralikrishnan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Balasubramanian
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meyyazhagan
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Karthickkumar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alagamuthu
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Varsha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Mustaqahammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shafiahammedkhan
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Sankar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kathannan
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Manikantan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pappuswamy
authors.affiliation: PG and Research Center, Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College, India.
authors.forename: Banu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Raviganesh
authors.affiliation: PG and Research Department of Zoology, Government Arts College, Coimbatore, India.
authors.forename: Sheelapriyadharshinee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.affiliation: KLE Medical University, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Dharwadkar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shahnaz N
authors.affiliation: Molecular Cell Biology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143 701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ssang-Goo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Sasikala
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keshavarao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002309:Cardiology; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000528:radiation effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D003582:Cytogenetics; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007753:Laboratories; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D017056:Medical Laboratory Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D009985:Orthopedics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing; D011871:Radiology
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1
keywords: Chromosomal alterations (CA); Comet assay; Hospital workers; Ionizing radiation (IR); Micronucleus assay (MN); Xenobiotic metabolizing genes