title: Plasma levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors are associated with cognitive performance in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Inflammatory mechanisms have been implicated in a series of neuropsychiatric conditions, including behavioral disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, and affective disorders. Accumulating evidence also strongly suggests their involvement in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate plasma levels of inflammatory biomarkers, and their association with cognitive performance and other non-motor symptoms of PD. PD patients and control individuals were subjected to various psychometric tests, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). Biomarker plasma levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). PD patients exhibited worse performance on MMSE and the programming task of FAB, and presented higher soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR) plasma levels than control individuals. Among PD patients, increased sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 concentrations were associated with poorer cognitive test scores. After multiple linear regression, sTNFR1 and education remained a significant predictor for FAB scores. Our data suggest that PD is associated with a proinflammatory profile, and sTNFRs are putative biomarkers of cognitive performance, with elevated sTNFR1 levels predicting poorer executive functioning in PD patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natália Pessoa
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Antônio Lúcio
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Paula Luciana
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Scalzo
authors.forename: Izabela Guimarães
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Mariana Soares
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.forename: Isabela Boechat
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Morato
authors.forename: Erica Leandro Marciano
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Paulo Pereira
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Christo
authors.forename: András
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palotás
authors.forename: Helton José
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Reis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
keywords: Parkinson's disease; cognition; inflammation; non-motor symptoms; tumor necrosis factor