title: Revision rhinoplasty: panel discussion, controversies, and techniques.
abstract: What is the single most difficult challenge in revision rhinoplasty and how do you address it? During revision rhinoplasty, when dorsal augmentation is necessary and septal and ear cartilage is not available, what is the best substance for correcting the problem? If rib cartilage is used for dorsal augmentation during revision rhinoplasty, what is the technique to prevent warping of the graft? Alloplast in the nose--when, where, and for what purpose? Does the release and reduction of the upper lateral cartilages from the nasal dorsal septum always require spreader graft placement to prevent mid-one-third nasal pinching in reductive rhinoplasty?'
  
  
  METHODS
  Over the past 5 years, how has your technique evolved or what have you observed and learned in performing revision rhinoplasty?
authors.affiliation: Adamson Cosmetic Facial Surgery Inc., M110 - 150 Bloor Street West, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2X9, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: paa@dradamson.com.
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Adamson
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Romo
authors.forename: Dean M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Toriumi
mesh_terms: D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation; D006801:Humans; D012086:Reoperation; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000379:methods
keywords: Alloplast; Cosmetic surgery; Facial rejuvenation; Graft; Graft warp; Revision rhinoplasty; Rhinoplasty; Rib cartilage; Spreader graft; Surgery techniques; Surgical approaches; Surgical complications