title: Exercise training modalities and strategies to improve exercise performance in patients with respiratory disease.
abstract: Pulmonary rehabilitation is an evidence-based, multidisciplinary, comprehensive intervention for patients with chronic respiratory diseases who are symptomatic and whose daily living activities are often restricted. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs are designed to improve the physical and emotional condition of people with chronic respiratory disease and to promote long-term adherence to health-enhancing behavior. Exercise training is at the core of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs. The benefits of exercise training include decreased dyspnea, improved health-related quality of life, fewer days of hospitalization, and decreased health-care utilization. To gain PR benefits, patients should be able to complete an exercise training program, preferably with high intensity exercise, and it is likely that these benefits will translate into a change from a pattern of a sedentary lifestyle to a physically active lifestyle. Chronic respiratory patients, namely COPD patients, have a low exercise tolerance due to multiple factors, such as dynamic hyperinflation and peripheral muscle dysfunction. In this article, the authors describe a variety of modalities and strategies to overcome exercise limitations and improve the effects of exercise training.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Medicina Física e de Reabilitação do Hospital Pedro Hispano, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Portugal.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte - Hospital Pulido Valente, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: fatima.rodriguesed@gmail.com.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D006801:Humans; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000534:rehabilitation*
keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica; Exercise training; Pulmonary rehabilitation; Reabilitação pulmonar; Treino físico