title: Historic of therapeutic efficacy of albendazol sulphoxide administered in different routes, dosages and treatment schemes, against Taenia saginata cysticercus in cattle experimentally infected.
abstract: The present study aimed to notify the history of albendazole sulphoxide (ALB-SO) and albendazole (ALBZ) efficacy against Taenia saginata cysticercus (Cysticercus bovis) parasitizing experimentally infected bovines. A total of 11 efficacy trials were performed between the years of 2002 and 2010. In order to perform these trials, animals were individually inoculated with 2×10(4) eggs of T. saginata in each study's day zero (D0). For every trial, a positive control group (untreated infected animals) and a negative control group (animals that were neither infected nor treated) were used. ALB-SO or ALB were administered in the different dosages, in different days of treatments. In a last study with this formulation, this active principle was administered orally, mixed with the mineral supplement, on the 60th DPI, in a dosage of 30mg/kg. In all trials, on the 100th DPI, all animals were euthanized and submitted to the sequenced slicing of 26 anatomical segments (fragments of approximately five millimeters) for the survey of T. saginata cysticercus. With the obtained results it is possible to verify that in the first trials, conducted in 2002, ALB-SO reached, independently of dosage and treatment scheme, efficacies superior to 98% (arithmetic means). The trials conducted in 2005 (2.5mg/kg on the 30th, 60th, and 90th DPI) obtained values of efficacy all inferior to 60%. In 2008, the trials with 2.5 and 7.7mg/kg demonstrated efficacy values inferior to 40%, for both dosages and treatment schemes (30th/60th/90th DPI and 60th DPI). When this formulation was administered orally on the dosage of 30mg/kg on the 60th DPI, the efficacy against T. saginata cysticercus reached 88.28%. ALB administered orally showed efficacy values of 0.0%, 29.88% and 28.64% in the dosages of 5, 10 and 15mg/kg, respectively, using the treatment schemes described above for each dosage. Based on the results of these trials, conducted in an eight year period (2002-2010) using the sequenced slicing method for evaluating the efficacy of the aforementioned formulations against T. saginata cysticercus, it is possible to observe that, amongst the few molecules used in the chemotherapic treatment against T. saginata larvae, ALB-SO, administered in varied routes, dosages and treatment schemes, the studies conducted in 2008, 2009, and 2010, have a low therapeutic efficacy against C. bovis in Brazil, while ALBZ had insignificant efficacy values against T. saginata larvae parasitizing experimentally infected bovines. However, future studies using molecular biology will be necessary to assess whether the difference on the efficacy of the ALB-SO can be related to strain or another specific factor.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: wdzlopes@fcav.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Welber Daniel Zanetti
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Breno Cayeiro
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco - UNICASTELO. Av. Hilário da Silva Passos, 950. Parqui universitário - Descalvado-SP, CEP13690-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vando Edésio
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário Barão de Mauá. Rua Laguna, 241 - Jardim Paulista, Ribeirão Preto-SP, CEP 1409-180, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge Luis N
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Weslen Fabricio Pires
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Willian Giquelin
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Maciel
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buzzulini
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Carlos Melo
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Felippelli
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná. Rua Quinze de Novembro, Curitiba-PR, CEP 80060-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanette Thomaz
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Soccol
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gilson Pereira
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alvimar José
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: da Costa
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D015766:Albendazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000923:Anticestodal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D003551:Cysticercosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003552:Cysticercus / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000662:veterinary; D041202:Taenia saginata / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000923:Anticestodal Agents; D015766:Albendazole; C027186:albendazole sulfoxide
keywords: Bovine; Cysticercosis; Resistance; Strain; Treatment