title: Heavy metal risk management: case analysis.
abstract: To prepare measures for practical policy utilization and the control of heavy metals, hazard control related institutions by country, present states of control by country, and present states of control by heavy metals were examined. Hazard control cases by heavy metals in various countries were compared and analyzed. In certain countries (e.g., the U.S., the U.K., and Japan), hazardous substances found in foods (e.g., arsenic, lead, cadmium, and mercury) are controlled. In addition, the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) recommends calculating the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of individual heavy metals instead of the acceptable daily intake (ADI) to compare their pollution levels considering their toxicity accumulated in the human body. In Korea, exposure assessments have been conducted, and in other countries, hazardous substances are controlled by various governing bodies. As such, in Korea and other countries, diverse food heavy metal monitoring and human body exposure assessments are conducted, and reducing measures are prepared accordingly. To reduce the danger of hazardous substances, many countries provide leaflets and guidelines, develop hazardous heavy metal intake recommendations, and take necessary actions. Hazard control case analyses can assist in securing consumer safety by establishing systematic and reliable hazard control methods.
authors.affiliation: College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 136-703, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Ae
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Ki Kyung
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Mi Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ji Yoon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Myung Sil
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hae Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Dal Woong
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: Case analysis; Hazardous substances; Heavy metal; Risk management