title: Human T-lymphotropic virus/HIV co-infection: a clinical review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)/HIV co-infections are often undiagnosed, with important clinical implications. The literature is relatively sparse with key observations derived in the pre-highly-active antiretroviral therapy era.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The epidemiology of co-infection, the impact of each virus on the other, with particular reference to clinical manifestations and the impact of antiretroviral therapy on HTLVs are described.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Important clinical effects of HTLV/HIV co-infection include the higher rates of myelopathy and other neurological disorders and the poor predicative value of CD4+ cell counts as a surrogate for immune suppression. Current antiretroviral therapies in isolation have no proven effect on HTLV-1/2 proviral load.
authors.affiliation: aNational Centre for Human Retrovirology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St Mary's Hospital bSection of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College, Norfolk Place, London, UK.
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dhasmana
authors.forename: Graham P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D060085:Coinfection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015491:HTLV-II Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1; D015367:Human T-lymphotropic virus 2; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents