title: Fungal functioning in a pine forest: evidence from a ¹⁵N-labeled global change experiment.
abstract: • We used natural and tracer nitrogen (N) isotopes in a Pinus taeda free air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) experiment to investigate functioning of ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi in N cycling. • Fungal sporocarps were sampled in 2004 (natural abundance and (15) N tracer) and 2010 (tracer) and δ(15)N patterns were compared against litter and soil pools. • Ectomycorrhizal fungi with hydrophobic ectomycorrhizas (e.g. Cortinarius and Tricholoma) acquired N from the Oea horizon or deeper. Taxa with hydrophilic ectomycorrhizas acquired N from the Oi horizon (Russula and Lactarius) or deeper (Laccaria, Inocybe, and Amanita). (15)N enrichment patterns for Cortinarius and Amanita in 2010 did not correspond to any measured bulk pool, suggesting that a persistent pool of active organic N supplied these two taxa. Saprotrophic fungi could be separated into those colonizing pine cones (Baeospora), wood, litter (Oi), and soil (Ramariopsis), with δ(15)N of taxa reflecting substrate differences. (15)N enrichment between sources and sporocarps varied across taxa and contributed to δ(15)N patterns. • Natural abundance and (15)N tracers proved useful for tracking N from different depths into fungal taxa, generally corresponded to literature estimates of fungal activity within soil profiles, and provided new insights into interpreting natural abundance δ(15)N patterns.
authors.affiliation: Earth Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA.
authors.forename: Erik A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hobbie
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA.
authors.forename: Linda T A
authors.initials: LTA
authors.lastname: van Diepen
authors.affiliation: US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
authors.forename: Erik A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Lilleskov
authors.affiliation: Earth Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ouimette
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Adrien C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Finzi
authors.affiliation: Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Kirsten S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hofmockel
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D005658:Fungi / Q000502:physiology*; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D041603:Pinus taeda / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012987:Soil
chemical_list: D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D012987:Soil; D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: 15
  N; carbon dioxide; decomposition; ectomycorrhizal fungi; free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment; nitrogen (N) isotope; organic nitrogen; plant-microbial feedbacks