title: Molecular characterization and differential expression of multiple goose dopamine D2 receptors.
abstract: Dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene, a member of the dopamine receptors gene family, has been studied as a candidate gene for broodiness due to its special effects on avian prolactin secretion. Here, the genomic DNA and cDNA sequences of goose (Anser cygnoides) DRD2 gene were cloned and characterized for the first time. The goose DRD2 cDNA is 1353bp in length and encodes a protein of 450 amino acids. The length of goose DRD2 genomic DNA is 8350bp, including seven exons and six introns. We identified four goose DRD2 variants, which were generated due to alternative splicing. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that all the deduced DRD2 amino acid sequences contain seven putative transmembrane domains and four potential N-glycosylation sites. A phylogenetic tree based on amino acid sequences displays that the goose DRD2 protein is closely related to those of avian species. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrates that the DRD2-1, DRD2-2 and DRD2-4 transcripts are differentially expressed in the pituitary, ovary, hypothalamus, as well as in the kidney, whereas the DRD2-3 transcript is widely expressed in all the examined tissues at different levels. Meanwhile, 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 4 insert-deletion (indel) variations were identified in the coding region and partial intron region of the goose DRD2 gene. Those findings will help us gain insight into the functions of the DRD2 gene in geese.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, PR China.
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, PR China.
authors.forename: Huiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, PR China.
authors.forename: Huali
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, PR China.
authors.forename: Shaoming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Zhedong White Goose Institute of Xiangshan County, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315700, PR China.
authors.forename: Weihu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, PR China. Electronic address: daqianhe@163.com.
authors.forename: Daqian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005777:Geese / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D059368:RNA Isoforms; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D059368:RNA Isoforms; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2
keywords: Alternative splicing; CDS; Cloning; DRD1; DRD2; DRD3; DRD4; DRD5; Differential expression; Dopamine D1 receptor; Dopamine D2 receptor; Dopamine D3 receptor; Dopamine D4 receptor; Dopamine D5 receptor; GAPDH; Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; JTT; Jones–Thornton–Taylor; NJ; ORF; RT-PCR; SNPs; UTR; aa; amino acids; base pair(s); bp; cDNA; complementary to RNA; complete coding sequence; indel; insert-deletion; neighbor-joining; open reading frame; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; single nucleotide polymorphisms; untranslated region