title: [Proportion and prevention of venous thromboembolism among hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Beijing].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the proportion and prevention status of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in Beijing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on a multi-center retrospective study, a total of 636 hospitalized AECOPD patients from 17 class 2/3 hospitals in Beijing were examined from September 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012. They fulfilled one of the following criteria: respiratory failure type II, on invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation, hospitalization for pulmonary infection, bedridden duration ≥ 3 days and congestive heart failure. All investigators received standardized training and used a standardized questionnaire to collect data on VTE risk factors, the diagnosis of VTE and the utilization of VTE prophylaxis. According to Caprini score, they were categorized into 3 groups of lower risk (Caprini score ≤ 3), moderate risk (Caprini score 4-6) and high risk ( ≥ 7) to compare the intergroup differences in the VTE proportion and the utilization of VTE prophylaxis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 636 patients were assessed. There were 416 males and 220 females with a mean (SD) age of 74.9 ± 9.3 years. Among them, 133 patients received lower extremity venous ultrasonic examination and 92 were diagnosed with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) including 2 patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Thus the overall incidence of VTE was 14.5% (92/636) and increased with age (Ptrend = 0.044). The proportion of VTE in asymptomatic patients was higher in those symptomatic ones (21.1% vs 8.0%, P = 0.000). And it was the highest in high risk group, followed by lower risk and moderate risk groups at 17.9% (14/78), 16.0% (26/163) and 13.2% (52/395) respectively, There was no statistical significance (P = 0.450 for group difference, Ptrend = 0.946). Among 544 patients without VTE, only 19.1% (104/544) employed the pharmacologic and/or mechanical methods for preventing VTE. The prevention proportion gradually increased with rising Caprini score, i.e. 17.5%, 18.4% and 26.6% for lower, moderate and higher risk group respectively. There was no statistical significance (P = 0.266 for group difference, Ptrend = 0.201).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proportion of VTE is relatively higher. However, the preventive methods are significantly underutilized among hospitalized AECOPD patients in Beijing.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory & Pulmonary Circulation, Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Li-rong
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen-yang
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiao-sen
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Zuo-qing
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Feng-zhen
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuan-hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*