title: Positron emission tomography radioligands for the opioid system.
abstract: Opiate receptors are found in the brain, the spinal cord, some peripheral sensory neurons, and the gastrointestinal tract. Naturally occurring and synthetic opiate ligands exert their influence on a wide variety of processes including analgesia, euphoria, dysphoria, sedation, respiratory depression, and miosis and are frequently topics for discussions on addiction and physical dependence. This review looks at the history of positron emission tomography radioligands for probing this receptor system.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21287.
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Dannals
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004174:Diprenorphine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D004174:Diprenorphine; D005283:Fentanyl
keywords: fluorine-18; neuroreceptor; opiate; receptor