title: Anal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.
abstract: Diagnosis, follow up, and treatment of anal intraepithelial neoplasia are complex and not standardized. This may be partly caused by poor communication of biopsy and cytology findings between pathologists and clinicians as a result of a disparate and confusing terminology used to classify these lesions. This article focuses on general aspects of epidemiology and on clarifying the current terminology of intraepithelial squamous neoplasia, its relationship with human papilloma virus infection, and the current methods that exist to diagnose and treat this condition.
authors.affiliation: RT Institute of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, 2950 Cleveland Clinic Boulevard, Weston, FL 33331, USA.
authors.forename: Pablo A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Bejarano
authors.forename: Marylise
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boutros
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berho
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D057832:Watchful Waiting
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D000077271:Imiquimod; D005472:Fluorouracil
keywords: Anal carcinoma; Anal intraepithelial neoplasia; Dysplasia; Human papilloma virus