title: Women in perfusion: a survey of North American female perfusionists.
abstract: Perfusion as a career has long been dominated by men (American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Booklet of information since 1975). Women represent 33.3% of the present workforce in North America (1187 certified women). In the 1900s, fewer than 20% of women participated in the labor force compared with 75% today and growing (1). In addition women make only 77 cents for every dollar that men earn and the more education a woman has, the greater the disparity in her wages (2). Only 53% of employers provide at least some replacement pay during periods of maternity leave (2). The purpose of this survey was to poll women in perfusion to evaluate concerns and opinions in their careers and to compare this with the female labor force. In October 2011, a 40-question survey (surveymonkey.com) was made available to all female perfusionists in North American by postcard mailing through the American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion. There were 538 responses to the survey, which is 45% of all female certified perfusionists in North America. A total of 32.6% of the survey participants have been in perfusion for more than 20 years and 75% are staff perfusionists, working for a hospital (59.5%) rather than a contract group (36.7%). A total of 44.7% of women who had children during their employment were out on leave 10 weeks or less. A total of 95.9% feel they miss important family functions as a result of their work schedules and 63% consider themselves under moderate stress. Direct supervision of the participants by men occurred in 76.5% of cases, and 68.2% felt that they were treated with the same respect as male coworkers. Nonetheless, 50.9% felt discriminated against because of gender. This survey suggests that the female perfusionists in North America share the same difficulties as women in the labor force. The role of women in society in general is clearly changing. Female perfusionists will be part of that change. Seventy percent of those surveyed would recommend perfusion as a career to both men and women.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  women, workforce, discrimination, perfusion.
authors.affiliation: Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Stacey L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Brewer
authors.forename: Linda B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Mongero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010477:Perfusion; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000458:organization & administration; D014931:Women, Working / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000078329:Workforce