title: Arecoline inhibits interleukin-2 secretion in Jurkat cells by decreasing the expression of alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and prostaglandin E2.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to explore the effect of arecoline on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion, the expression of alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7-nAChRs), prostaglandin E2(PGE2) protein, and IL-2 mRNA in human lymphocyte cells (Jurkat cell line). The IL-2 and PGE2 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and α7-nAChRs were determined by Western blotting. The level of IL-2 mRNA was determined by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Arecoline, in a dose-dependent manner, significantly decreased IL-2 and PGE2 secretion by Jurkat cells incubated with 0 or 5 μg/ml 5 μg/ml PHA. PGE2 also significantly inhibited IL-2 secretion by Jurkat cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, reduced expression of PHA-induced ERK phosphorylation was observed in Jurkat cells treated with arecoline. PHA-enhanced IL-2 mRNA expression was also inhibited by arecoline. These results imply that arecoline inhibits the release of PGE2 and PHA-induced IL-2 secretion by Jurkat cells and that these effects seem to occur, at least in part, either through the attenuation of ERK in conjunction with a decrease of PHA-induced IL-2 mRNA expression. These results imply that arecoline inhibits the protein expression of α7-nAChRs , the release of PGE2 and PHA-induced IL-2 secretion by Jurkat cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Republic of China. swwang@mail.cgu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001115:Arecoline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; D001115:Arecoline; C535150:MAPK1 protein, human; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D015232:Dinoprostone