title: Physicochemical modulation of chitosan-based hydrogels induces different biological responses: interest for tissue engineering.
abstract: Polysaccharide-based hydrogels are remarkable materials for the development of tissue engineering strategies as they meet several critical requirements for such applications and they may partly mimic the extracellular matrix. Chitosan is widely envisioned as hydrogel in biomedical fields for its bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and fungistatic and bacteriostatic properties. In this study, we report that the modulation of the polymer concentration, the degree of acetylation, the gelation processes [or neutralization routes (NR)] in the preparation of different chitosan-based hydrogels lead to substantially and significantly different biological responses. We show that it is possible to tune the physicochemical characteristics, mechanical properties, and biological responses of such matrices. Physical hydrogels prepared from highly acetylated chitosan were softer, degraded quickly in vivo, and were not suitable for in vitro culture of human mesenchymal stem and progenitor derived endothelial cells. In contrast, for a same chitosan concentration and obtained by the same processing route, a low degree of acetylation chitosan hydrogel provided a more elastic material, better cell adhesion on its surface and tissue regeneration, and restored tissue neo-vascularization as well. This work offers promising and innovative perspectives for the design of hydrogel materials with tunable properties for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
authors.affiliation: Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 33000, France; Inserm U1026, Bioingénierie Tissulaire, Bordeaux, 33000, France.
authors.forename: Lila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rami
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malaise
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delmond
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fricain
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Siadous
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schlaubitz
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Laurichesse
authors.forename: Joëlle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amédée
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montembault
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bordenave
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D048271:Chitosan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000187:drug effects; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D048271:Chitosan; D020100:Hydrogels; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
keywords: chitosan; human cell culture; physical hydrogels; tissue engineering; tunable properties