title: Diet and exercise effects on aerobic fitness and body composition in seriously mentally ill adults.
abstract: Low exercise capacity and high obesity levels are the main characteristics of people with serious mental illness (SMI). We conducted a pilot study on the effects of a 3-month exercise and dietary intervention on the aerobic capacity and body composition of obese adults with SMI taking Olanzapine, a second generation antipsychotic medication known to induce weight increments. Fifty adults with SMI (15 males and 35 females) followed a 3-month weight loss intervention programme based on exercise and diet. Pre- and post-intervention, a submaximal [Formula: see text]O2 exercise test was performed in order to assess [Formula: see text]O2max anthropometric and body composition measurements were also performed. All participants were obese (body mass index (BMI): 33.61 ± 0.91 kg/m(2)). Pre- and post-intervention, a submaximal [Formula: see text]O2 exercise test on the treadmill was performed in order to assess [Formula: see text]O2max anthropometric and body composition measurements were also performed. Significant reductions in body weight, BMI, body fat and waist circumference were found from pre to post (p < 0.01). [Formula: see text]O2max was significantly improved in both genders (males: pre: 30.63 ± 2.06 vs. post: 33.19 ± 1.77 ml(.)kg(-1) min(-1), females: pre: 25.93 ± 1.01 vs. post: 29.51 ± 1.06 ml(.)kg(-1) min(-1), p < 0.01). A significant correlation was found between the change in [Formula: see text]O2max and the change in body weight and BMI (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the relative change in [Formula: see text]O2max explained approximately 26% of the variance in the changes for both BMI (p = 0.07) and body weight (p = 0.06). A treatment of exercise and diet improves the aerobic capacity and body composition of obese adults with SMI, despite the use of Olanzapine.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Athens , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: Ifigenia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Giannopoulou
authors.forename: Petros
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Botonis
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kostara
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skouroliakou
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D028642:Persons with Psychiatric Disorders; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010809:Physical Fitness; D010865:Pilot Projects; D055105:Waist Circumference; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs
keywords: Exercise; mentally ill adults; nutrition; obesity