title: A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010.
abstract: Previous studies of anemia epidemiology have been geographically limited with little detail about severity or etiology. Using publicly available data, we estimated mild, moderate, and severe anemia from 1990 to 2010 for 187 countries, both sexes, and 20 age groups. We then performed cause-specific attribution to 17 conditions using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors (GBD) 2010 Study. Global anemia prevalence in 2010 was 32.9%, causing 68.36 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 40.98 to 107.54) million years lived with disability (8.8% of total for all conditions [95% UI, 6.3% to 11.7%]). Prevalence dropped for both sexes from 1990 to 2010, although more for males. Prevalence in females was higher in most regions and age groups. South Asia and Central, West, and East sub-Saharan Africa had the highest burden, while East, Southeast, and South Asia saw the greatest reductions. Iron-deficiency anemia was the top cause globally, although 10 different conditions were among the top 3 in regional rankings. Malaria, schistosomiasis, and chronic kidney disease-related anemia were the only conditions to increase in prevalence. Hemoglobinopathies made significant contributions in most populations. Burden was highest in children under age 5, the only age groups with negative trends from 1990 to 2010.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Kassebaum
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jasrasaria
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naghavi
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Wulf
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Johns
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: Mathilda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Regan
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weatherall
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Eisele
authors.forename: Seth R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Flaxman
authors.forename: Rachel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Pullan
authors.forename: Simon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Brooker
authors.forename: Christopher J L
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D062306:Geography, Medical; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors