title: Analysis of weight change and Borg rating of perceived exertion as measurements of runner health and safety during a 6-day, multistage, remote ultramarathon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility of using weight change and Borg score as tools for monitoring runner health and safety during a multistage, remote ultramarathon.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational cohort study of feasibility on nonblinded event participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six-day, multistage, remote ultramarathon in Utah.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven athletes in the 2012 Desert R.A.T.S. (Race Across the Sand) ultramarathon.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participant weight, health conditions that limited race participation, such as fatigue or exhaustion, and Borg score were reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inability to complete a stage of the race (Did Not Finish status) or development of a clinically significant health condition during the race. Potential prognostic risk factors, such as a high Borg score and weight loss, were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An overall decrease in weight was observed over the course of the event. Median percent weight changes were losses of 2.96% (day 1), 7.42% (day 2), 2.21% (day 4), and 3.35% (day 6). There was no statistically significant difference in percent weight change between the 14 runners who finished the race and the 13 runners who did not finish the race (U = 73; z = 0.189; P = 0.85). Runners' ability to complete the race was related to the development of adverse health conditions (P = 0.004). Median Borg scores reported were 15 (day 1), 17 (day 2), 13 (day 3), 16 (day 4), and 15 (day 6). Only 2 racers who finished the entire event without adverse events ever gave a Borg score of ≥ 18.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The feasibility of weight change as a tool for monitoring runner health and safety in this setting is limited, but the Borg rating of perceived exertion warrants further study as a potential field expedient tool for monitoring runner health and safety during a multiday, remote ultramarathon.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Emergency Medicine, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York; †Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and ‡Emergency Medicine, Glens Falls Hospital, Glens Falls, New York.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joslin
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Worthing
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Timur
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kotlyar
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wojcik
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005221:Fatigue / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D005082:Physical Exertion; D012372:ROC Curve; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult