title: Complications of diabetes therapy.
abstract: Current strategies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus promote individualized plans to achieve target glucose levels on a patient-by-patient basis while minimizing treatment related risks. Maintaining glycemic control over time is a significant challenge because of the progressive nature of diabetes as a result of declining β-cell function. This article identifies complications of non-insulin treatments for diabetes. The major classes of medications are reviewed with special focus on target population, mechanism of action, effect on weight, cardiovascular outcomes and additional class-specific side effects including effects on bone. Effects on β-cell function are also highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7012, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Endocrinology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 260 Stetson, Suite 4200, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. Electronic address: Sarah.corathers@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: Sarah D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Corathers
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peavie
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salehi
mesh_terms: D001645:Biguanides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001645:Biguanides; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
keywords: Cardiovascular outcomes; Diabetes; Treatment complications; β-cell function