title: Effect of Type D personality on medication adherence in early adolescents with asthma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Medication adherence for daily preventive asthma medication is especially low during adolescence. In the present study, we aimed to test whether Type D personality (both as a category and with its constituent components (negative affectivity: NA and social inhibition: SI) separately and in interaction) predicts medication adherence of early adolescents with asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study, 188 early adolescents with asthma who were prescribed daily preventive asthma medication completed questionnaires on Type D personality, medication adherence, socio-demographic and clinical information, and depressive symptoms in the Spring/Summer of 2011 (T1) and again 12months later (T2). Multiple regression analyses, controlling for demographic and clinical information and for depressive symptoms, were conducted to test whether Type D personality (either as a categorical or dimensional construct) predicted changes in medication adherence over time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adherence was significantly lower at T2 than at T1 and this decrease was predicted by the categorical construct of Type D personality. Analyses of the two separate dimensions NA and SI and their interaction showed that higher scores on NA at T1 predicted more decrease in adherence over time. Neither SI nor the interaction between NA and SI predicted changes in adherence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to test the relationship between Type D personality and medication adherence in adolescents. Although categorical Type D personality predicts mediation adherence of adolescent with asthma over time, dimensional analyses suggest that this is due to negative affectivity only, and not to the combination of negative affectivity and social inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: m.vandeven@pwo.ru.nl.
authors.forename: Monique O M
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: van de Ven
authors.forename: Cilia L M
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Witteman
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tiggelman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D064415:Type D Personality
keywords: Adolescents; Asthma; Medication adherence; Negative affect; Prospective study; Type D personality