title: Castleman's disease and primary effusion lymphoma in a HIV-positive patient.
abstract: We present a case of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) occurring simultaneously with Castleman's disease in the same patient. Castleman's disease is distinct from PEL, although both are associated with HHV-8. Other cases have debated whether the coexistence of PEL and Castleman's disease is a recurrence of an original PEL tumour in an extracavitary site, or a secondary HHV-8-associated lymphoma distinct from primary PEL. Our case, along with those described previously, show that co-occurrence of PEL and Castleman's disease is possible and plausible. PEL needs to be included in the differential diagnosis in any HIV-positive patient who presents with a pleural effusion, and diagnosis requires only a simple thoracentesis and appropriate immunohistochemistry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Palliative Medicine, and Medical Education, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Bashar Chihada
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Alhariri
authors.forename: Hanan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Farghaly
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Forest W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Arnold
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005871:Castleman Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications*; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D054685:Lymphoma, Primary Effusion / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000209:etiology*; D019562:Viral Load
keywords: AIDS; Castleman's disease; HHV-8; HIV; diagnosis; human herpesvirus-8; immunohistochemistry; primary effusion lymphoma; treatment