title: Copper resistance of different ectomycorrhizal fungi such as Pisolithus microcarpus, Pisolithus sp., Scleroderma sp. and Suillus sp.
abstract: Environments contaminated with heavy metals negatively impact the living organisms. Ectomycorrhizal fungi have shown important role in these impacted sites. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the copper-resistance of ectomycorrhizal fungi isolates Pisolithus microcarpus - UFSC-Pt116; Pisolithus sp. - UFSC-PT24, Suillus sp. - UFSM RA 2.8 and Scleroderma sp. - UFSC-Sc124 to different copper doses in solid and liquid media. The copper doses tested were: 0.00, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 mmol L(-1) in the solid medium and 0.00, 0.32, 0.64 and 0.96 mmol L(-1) in the liquid medium. Copper was amended as copper sulphate in order to supplement the culture medium MNM at pH 4.8, with seven replicates to each fungus-dose combination. The fungal isolates were incubated for 30 days at 28 °C. UFSC-Pt116 showed high copper-resistance such as accessed by CL50 determinations (concentration to reduce 50% of the growth) as while as UFSC-PT24 displayed copper-resistance mechanism at 0.50 mmol L(-1) in solid medium. The UFSC-PT24 and UFSC-Sc124 isolates have increased copper-resistance in liquid medium. The higher production of extracellular pigment was detected in UFSC-Pt116 cultures. The UFSC-Pt116 and UFSC-PT24 isolates showed higher resistance for copper and produced higher mycelium biomass than the other isolates. In this way, the isolates UFSG-Pt116 and UFSC-PT24 can be important candidates to survive in copper-contaminated areas, and can show important role in plants symbiosis in these contaminated sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Campus CESNORS, Frederico Westphalen, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lupatini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trindade
authors.forename: Z I
authors.initials: ZI
authors.lastname: Antoniolli
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Steffen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andreazza
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000187:drug effects*; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000187:drug effects*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D003300:Copper
keywords: Pisolithus microcarpus; Pisolithus sp; Scleroderma sp.; Suillus sp; copper-resistance; ectomycorrhizal fungus