title: The glial perspective of autism spectrum disorders.
abstract: The aetiology of autism spectrum disorders remains unclear although a growing number of associated genetic abnormalities and environmental factors have been discovered in recent decades. These advancements coincided with a remarkable increase in the comprehension of physiological functions and pathological potential of neuroglia in the central nervous system that led to a notion of fundamental contribution of glial cells into multiple neuropathologies, including neuropsychiatric and developmental disorders. Growing evidence indicates a role for deregulation of astroglial control over homeostasis and plastic potential of neural networks as well as microglial malfunction and neuroinflammatory response in the brains of autistic patients. In this review, we shall summarize the status and pathological potential of neuroglia and argue for neuroglial roots of autistic disorders.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: fzchulia.biomed@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fares
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeidán-Chuliá
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Alla B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Salmina
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Natalia A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Malinovskaya
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain.
authors.forename: Alexei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verkhratsky
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Cláudio Fonseca
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Moreira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Astrocyte; Autism; Environmental factors; Gene; Microglia; NG2 cells; Neurone; Oligodendrocyte