title: SAMSN1 is highly expressed and associated with a poor survival in glioblastoma multiforme.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the expression pattern and prognostic significance of SAMSN1 in glioma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Affymetrix and Arrystar gene microarray data in the setting of glioma was analyzed to preliminarily study the expression pattern of SAMSN1 in glioma tissues, and Hieratical clustering of gene microarray data was performed to filter out genes that have prognostic value in malignant glioma. Survival analysis by Kaplan-Meier estimates stratified by SAMSN1 expression was then made based on the data of more than 500 GBM cases provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. At last, we detected the expression of SAMSN1 in large numbers of glioma and normal brain tissue samples using Tissue Microarray (TMA). Survival analysis by Kaplan-Meier estimates in each grade of glioma was stratified by SAMSN1 expression. Multivariate survival analysis was made by Cox proportional hazards regression models in corresponding groups of glioma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the expression data of SAMSN1 and 68 other genes, high-grade glioma could be classified into two groups with clearly different prognoses. Gene and large sample tissue microarrays showed high expression of SAMSN1 in glioma particularly in GBM. Survival analysis based on the TCGA GBM data matrix and TMA multi-grade glioma dataset found that SAMSN1 expression was closely related to the prognosis of GBM, either PFS or OS (P<0.05). Multivariate survival analysis with Cox proportional hazards regression models confirmed that high expression of SAMSN1 was a strong risk factor for PFS and OS of GBM patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SAMSN1 is over-expressed in glioma as compared with that found in normal brains, especially in GBM. High expression of SAMSN1 is a significant risk factor for the progression free and overall survival of GBM.
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Research Institution of Shanghai, Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jinxu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yongxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Da
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Guohan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Juxiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yicheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; C435526:SAMSN1 protein, human