title: The seahorse, the almond, and the night-mare: elaborative encoding during sleep-paralysis hallucinations?
abstract: Llewellyn's proposal that rapid eye movement (REM) dreaming reflects elaborative encoding mediated by the hippocampus ("seahorse") offers an interesting perspective for understanding hallucinations accompanying sleep paralysis (SP; "night-mare"). SP arises from anomalous intrusion of REM processes into waking consciousness, including threat-detection systems mediated by the amygdala ("almond"). Unique aspects of SP hallucinations offer additional prospects for investigation of Llewellyn's theory of elaborative encoding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. tgirard@psych.ryerson.ca http://www.ryerson.ca/psychology/faculty/girard/
authors.forename: Todd A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Girard
mesh_terms: D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D004325:Dreams / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D061212:Memory, Episodic; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology*