title: Pore positioning: current concepts in Pannexin channel trafficking.
abstract: Pannexins (Panxs) are a multifaceted family of ion and metabolite channels that play key roles in a number of physiological and pathophysiological settings. These single membrane large-pore channels exhibit a variety of tissue, cell type, and subcellular distributions. The lifecycles of Panxs are complex, yet must be understood to accurately target these proteins for future therapeutic use. Here we review the basics of Panx function and localization, and then analyze the recent advances in knowledge regarding Panx trafficking. We examine several intrinsic features of Panxs including specific post-translational modifications, the divergent C-termini, and oligomerization, all of which contribute to Panx anterograde transport pathways. Further, we examine the potential influence of extrinsic factors, such as protein-protein interactions, on Panx trafficking. Finally, we highlight what is currently known with respect to Panx internalization and retrograde transport, and present new data illustrating Panx1 internalization following an activating stimulus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Sciences; Island Medical Program; University of Victoria; Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrew K J
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Boyce
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Sciences; Island Medical Program; University of Victoria; Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Ross T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Prager
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Sciences; Island Medical Program; University of Victoria; Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Leigh E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wicki-Stordeur
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Sciences; Island Medical Program; University of Victoria; Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biology; University of Victoria; Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences; University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Leigh Anne
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Swayne
mesh_terms: D017630:Connexins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport
chemical_list: D017630:Connexins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C492764:PANX1 protein, human; C492765:PANX2 protein, human; C492766:PANX3 protein, human
keywords: C-terminus; Pannexin 1; Panx; anterograde; glycosylation; internalization; large-pore channels; retrograde; subcellular localization; trafficking