title: Epidemiology of community-acquired bacteremia among infants in a medical center in Taiwan, 2002-2011.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the etiologies and antibiotic susceptibility of community-acquired bacteremia in infants in a medical center in northern Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective analysis of all blood cultures from infants in the National Taiwan University Hospital from 2002 to 2011 to find community-acquired bacteremia. Common pathogens, antibiotic resistance, and outcome were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 25,628 blood cultures were collected, and 3.4% of the cultures were positive, of which 15.9% were categorized as community-acquired bacteremia. In the age group of 0-6-days, the leading causative organisms were group B streptococcus (41.7%) and Escherichia coli (30.6%). In the 7-90-days and 4-6-months groups, the most common pathogens were E. coli (44.1%, 45.5%, respectively) and group B streptococcus (32.4%, 13.6%, respectively). For infants aged 7-12 months, the most common pathogens were Salmonella species (51.1%) and E. coli (12.8%). The overall mortality rate of community-acquired bacteremia was 6%. Urinary tract infection was the concomitant diagnosis among 52.4% of infants with E. coli bacteremia. Meningitis was found in 33.3% of infants with group B streptococcus bacteremia. Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia was identified in three infants, one of whom had meningitis. Penicillin resistance was found in 4% of group B streptococcus and ampicillin resistance in 71% of E. coli.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study provides updated etiological data on community-acquired bacteremia in infants in northern Taiwan. Group B streptococcus and E. coli remained the leading pathogens in infants aged 6 months or younger and Salmonella species for those older than 6 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Tien
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hsin-Chu Branch, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Lan
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ping-Ing
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Ren
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: ly7077@tpts6.seed.net.tw.
authors.forename: Luan-Yin
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000367:Age Factors; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Community-acquired bacteremia; Infant; Mortality