title: The diagnostic value of adiponectin multimers in healthy men undergoing screening for prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin has been reported to have a prohibitory effect on prostate cancer. The goal of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of adiponectin multimers for prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total adiponectin, high- and low-molecular-weight (HMW, LMW), ratios of these measures, and body mass index (BMI) were compared in a prospective prostate cancer-screened cohort. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between adiponectin measures, their interaction with BMI, and risk of prostate cancer and Gleason score upgrading from biopsy to prostatectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 228 prostate cancer cases and 239 controls were analyzed: 72 (31.6%) of the cancer cases were high grade (Gleason grade ≥7). Only percent HMW had a statistically significant relationship with prostate cancer (P = 0.04). Among normal and overweight men, the risk of prostate cancer increased as percent HMW increased [OR = 1.24 for a doubling of percent HMW, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41-3.75 and OR = 1.81; 95% CI, 1.02-3.20, respectively], whereas among obese men, the risk of prostate cancer decreased (OR = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.32-1.18). Among 97 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy, there was no association between Gleason score upgrading and any of the adiponectin multimers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study was unable to confirm the utility of total adiponectin as a biomarker for prostate cancer risk. For the adiponectin multimers, only HMW showed increases with prostate cancer but not in all weight classes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although adiponectin may play a role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, our results do not support adiponectin multimers as biomarkers of detection.
authors.affiliation: Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Pathology, Urology, Cellular and Structural Biology, and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; and Department of Mathematics, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany.
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Marcia H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Grayson
authors.forename: Donna P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Ankerst
authors.forename: Carolina B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Livi
authors.forename: Maria V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Ian M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Robin J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Leach
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor