title: Serum biomarkers for early detection of gynecologic cancers.
abstract: Ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers are three of the most common malignancies of the female reproductive organs. CA 125, historically the most reliable serum marker for ovarian cancer, is elevated in 50% of early-stage ovarian tumors. For endometrial cancers, there are no established serum markers. SCC, which is the best studied serum marker for squamous cell carcinomas, has been unreliable; SCC is elevated in cervical squamous cell carcinomas ranging from 28-85% of the time. Recent proteomics-based analyses show great promise for the discovery of new and more useful biomarkers. In this review, we will discuss the currently utilized serum tumor markers for gynecologic cancers and the novel biomarkers that are now under investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. enomoto@gyne.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Enomoto
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyatake
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura