title: The effect of a daily quiz (TOPday) on self-confidence, enthusiasm, and test results for biomechanics.
abstract: Many students in Biomedical Sciences have difficulty understanding biomechanics. In a second-year course, biomechanics is taught in the first week and examined at the end of the fourth week. Knowledge is retained longer if the subject material is repeated. However, how does one encourage students to repeat the subject matter? For this study, we developed 'two opportunities to practice per day (TOPday)', consisting of multiple-choice questions on biomechanics with immediate feedback, which were sent via e-mail. We investigated the effect of TOPday on self-confidence, enthusiasm, and test results for biomechanics. All second-year students (n = 95) received a TOPday of biomechanics on every regular course day with increasing difficulty during the course. At the end of the course, a non-anonymous questionnaire was conducted. The students were asked how many TOPday questions they completed (0-6 questions [group A]; 7-18 questions [group B]; 19-24 questions [group C]). Other questions included the appreciation for TOPday, and increase (no/yes) in self-confidence and enthusiasm for biomechanics. Seventy-eight students participated in the examination and completed the questionnaire. The appreciation for TOPday in group A (n = 14), B (n = 23) and C (n = 41) was 7.0 (95 % CI 6.5-7.5), 7.4 (95 % CI 7.0-7.8), and 7.9 (95 % CI 7.6-8.1), respectively (p < 0.01 between A and C). Of the students who actively participated (B and C), 91 and 80 % reported an increase in their self-confidence and enthusiasm, respectively, for biomechanics due to TOPday. In addition, they had a higher test result for biomechanics (p < 0.01) compared with those who did not actively participate (A). In conclusion, the teaching method 'TOPday' seems an effective way to encourage students to repeat the subject material, with the extra advantage that students are stimulated to keep on practising for the examination. The appreciation was high and there was a positive association between active participation, on the one hand, and self-confidence, enthusiasm, and test results for biomechanics on the other.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. esther.tanck@radboudumc.nl.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanck
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martijn F H
authors.initials: MFH
authors.lastname: Maessen
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerjon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hannink
authors.affiliation: Department for Evaluation, Quality and Development of Medical Education, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sascha M H F
authors.initials: SMHF
authors.lastname: van Kuppeveld
authors.affiliation: Department for Evaluation, Quality and Development of Medical Education, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sanneke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bolhuis
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan G M
authors.initials: JGM
authors.lastname: Kooloos