title: Alteration of choroidal thickness in a case of carotid cavernous fistula: a case report and a review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To measure the alterations of the choroidal thickness in Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 64-year-old woman was referred to us for redness, exophthalmos and visual disturbance in her right eye. She was diagnosed with CCF by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography.Observations; Embolization resulted in improvement of ocular symptoms, and there was a reduction of the subfoveal choroidal thickness in the right eye from 351 μm preoperatively to 142 μm postoperatively in EDI-OCT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EDI-OCT demonstrated that the choroidal thickness increases occurred due to congestion in a CCF case.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gunma University School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showamachi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. kasimatomoyuki@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kashima
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kishi
mesh_terms: D020216:Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula / Q000473:pathology*; D002829:Choroid / Q000473:pathology*; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology