title: A Pilot Study Characterizing Real Time Exposures to Particulate Matter and Carbon Monoxide from Cookstove Related Woodsmoke in Rural Peru.
abstract: Nearly half of the world's population is exposed to household air pollution (HAP) due to long hours spent in close proximity to unvented cooking fires. We aimed to use PM2.5and CO measurements to characterize exposure to cookstove generated woodsmoke in real time among control (n=10) and intervention (n=9) households in San Marcos, Cajamarca Region, Peru. Real time personal particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5), and personal and kitchen carbon monoxide (CO) samples were taken. Control households used a number of stoves including open fire and chimney stoves while intervention households used study-promoted chimney stoves. Measurements were categorized into lunch (9am - 1pm) and dinner (3pm - 7pm) periods, where applicable, to adjust for a wide range of sampling periods (2.8- 13.1hrs). During the 4-h time periods, mean personal PM2.5exposures were correlated with personal CO exposures during lunch (r=0.67 p=0.024 n=11) and dinner (r=0.72 p=0.0011 n=17) in all study households. Personal PM2.5exposures and kitchen CO concentrations were also correlated during lunch (r=0.76 p=0.018 n=9) and dinner (r=0.60 p=0.018 n=15). CO may be a useful indicator of PM during 4-h time scales measured in real time, particularly during high woodsmoke exposures, particularly during residential biomass cooking.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Science Department, College of Public Health, University of Georgia Athens, GA USA.
authors.forename: Adwoa A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Commodore
authors.forename: Stella M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hartinger
authors.forename: Claudio F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Lanata
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mäusezahl
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Villalobos
authors.forename: Luke P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Naeher
keywords: Peru; carbon monoxide; cookstove; exposure assessment; household air pollution; particulate matter