title: Hemorrhage in cerebral fat embolisms in a cat model using triolein dependent on the physical properties of triolein.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hemorrhage is a finding of clinical fat embolism syndrome. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of hemorrhage in the cat brain by SW MR imaging after infusion of triolein as a bolus or as an emulsion into the carotid artery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two cats were divided into two groups according to the type of triolein infused: group 1 (n = 11) was infused with a 0.1 ml triolein bolus, group 2 (n = 11) with triolein emulsion containing 0.1 ml triolein in 20 ml saline. SW imaging was performed before and after triolein infusion (at 2 h, 1 and 4 days). After MR imaging on day 4, cats were sacrificed and brains were immediately excised. Hemorrhage was evaluated using H&E staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hemorrhage was observed in eight cats in group 1, in no cats in group 2. Hemorrhage on SW images was found to correspond with light microscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SW images revealed hemorrhage in lesion hemispheres infused with triolein bolus. However, there was no evidence of hemorrhage infused with emulsified triolein. Thus, the occurrence of hemorrhage in cerebral fat embolism may depend on fat status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hak J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seon H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Byungmann
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hwangbo
authors.forename: Dong C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004620:Embolism, Fat / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D020766:Intracranial Embolism / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D014304:Triolein / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D014304:Triolein