title: Ultrasonography in ocular trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, simple and effective diagnostic method which enables visualization and evaluation of intraocular injury degree in cloudy eye media. The basic aim of this investigation was to find out the frequency of various types of ocular injuries using ultrasonography and to make an analysis of their frequency in relation to gender and age.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study included 182 patients hospitalized at the Clinic of Ophthalmology in Skopje due to mechanical eye trauma. The patients underwent ultrasonography on the Alcon Ultrascan Imagining System apparatus and Sonomed EZ Scan AB 5500+. B scan technique was used primarily, while the A scan had a positive and correlative role.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ocular trauma was more present in males (85.2%) compared to females (14.8%). 49.5% of the patients had open, and 50.5% had closed globe injuries. The most represented age group in ocular injuries was the age ranged from 51 to 60 years. There was no significant difference between the type of mechanical injury and the age (Chi-Squares=5.52 p=0.47895025). Ultrasonography showed that the most frequent pathologic result, both in open and closed globe injuries, was vitreous hemorrhage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasonography has an irreplaceable role in the clinical evaluation and management of ocular trauma. It showed that the most frequent finding in ocular trauma was vitreous haemorrhage, and the male gender was more frequently exposed to ocular trauma.
authors.affiliation: University Eye Clinic, Medical Faculty, Skopje, R. Macedonia.
authors.forename: Emilija
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dastevska-Djosevska
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D018843:Republic of North Macedonia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014823:Vitreous Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult