title: Pediococcus acidilactici UL5 and Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454 are able to survive and express their bacteriocin genes under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work is to study the expression of stress genes and those involved in pediocin and nisin production in Pediococcus acidilactici UL5 and Lactococcus lactis ATCC11454 under simulated gastrointestinal (GI) physiological conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two strains were fed to a dynamic GI model (TIM-1). Samples were taken from different compartments and analysed for strain survival as well as for the expression of pediocin PA-1 operon, nisin A production gene and stress genes using RT-qPCR. Ileal-delivered efflux showed a survival rate of 17 and 0·0007% for Ped. acidilactici and La. lactis, respectively. Pediocin operon genes from stressed cells were generally expressed at least at the same level as for unstressed cells. However, pedA is up-regulated in the effluent at 120 and 180 min. Nisin A genes were always up-regulated with particularly in the stomach after 70 min compared with control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacteriocin production of Ped. acidilactici UL5 and Lc. lactis ATCC 11454 are not affected by upper GI simulated conditions and thus could be considered as relevant probiotic candidates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates the capacity of lactic acid bacteria to survive and express their bacteriocins genes under simulated GI conditions.
authors.affiliation: STELA Dairy Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hammami
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Savard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jean
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fliss
mesh_terms: D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D013294:Lactococcus lactis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050296:Microbial Viability; D008954:Models, Biological; D009561:Nisin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D000070017:Pediocins; D010376:Pediococcus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019936:Probiotics
chemical_list: D001430:Bacteriocins; D000070017:Pediocins; C074288:pediocin PA-1; D009561:Nisin; C102526:nisin A
keywords: Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454; Pediococcus acidilactici UL5; gene expression; nisin; pediocin; probiotics