title: [Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in a tertiary care university hospital according to the RIFLE criteria].
abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common problem in hospitalized patients, requiring extensive treatment and carries a high mortality rate. This study was designed to assess the epidemiology of AKI, and risk factors and outcome of patients with severe AKI in a tertiary care university hospital in Iceland.
  
  
  
  All adult patients with measured serum creatinine (SCr) in Landspitali University Hospital from January 2008 to December 2011, who had a measured baseline SCr in the preceeding six months, were included. Patients were categorized according to the RIFLE-criteria into risk (stage 1), injury (stage 2) and failure (stage 3) groups based on their highest SCr, using the lowest SCr in the previous six months as baseline.
  
  
  
  A total of 17,693 individuals (out of 74,960) had a baseline SCr and their data were used for analysis. AKI occurred in 3,686 (21%) with 12%, 5% and 4% of stage 1, 2 and 3, respectively. There were more females in stage 1 and stage 2 and more males in stage 3 (p< 0.001). Contributing causes for AKI in patients with stage 3 AKI were surgery (22%), circulatory shock (23%), sepsis (14%), cardiovascular insult (32%), respiratory failure (27%), bleeding (10%), trauma (7%) and AKI associated drugs (61%). Dialysis was required in 11% and in 0.7% for longer than 30 days but none > 90 days. One year survival was 52%.
  
  
  
  Acute kidney injury is common in Iceland and the prognosis of those with severe AKI is dismal. Majority of those patients were taking drugs that increase risk of AKI, providing a target for preventive measures.
authors.forename: Thorir Einarsson
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Martin Ingi
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Sigurdsson
authors.forename: Olafur Skuli
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Indridason
authors.forename: Kristinn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sigvaldason
authors.forename: Gísli Heimir
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Sigurdsson
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007055:Iceland / Q000453:epidemiology; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003404:Creatinine