title: Choriodecidual cells from term human pregnancies show distinctive functional properties related to the induction of labor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human parturition is associated with an intrauterine pro-inflammatory environment in the choriodecidua. Evidence that some mediators of this signaling cascade also elicit responses leading to labor prompted us to characterize the cellular sources of these mediators in the human choriodecidua.
  
  
  METHODS
  Leukocyte-enriched preparations from human choriodecidua (ChL) and intervillous placental blood leukocytes (PL) were maintained in culture. Secretions of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and MMP-9 were documented. Leukocyte phenotype of ChL and PL was determined by flow cytometry using specific fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ChL showed a distinct pro-inflammatory secretion pattern of cytokines and chemokines when compared with PL, including higher amounts of TNF-α and IL-6, and decreased secretions of IL-4 and IL-1ra. ChL also secreted more MIP-1α and MCP-1 and MMP-9 than PL. No significant differences were found in leukocytes subsets between compartments. Based on our findings, we propose that ChL isolated from fetal membranes at term are functionally different from PL and may collaborate to modulate the microenvironment linked to induction and progression of human labor.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, U.N.A.M., Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico; Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Marisol
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castillo-Castrejon
authors.forename: Noemí
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Meraz-Cruz
authors.forename: Nardhy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gomez-Lopez
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flores-Pliego
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beltrán-Montoya
authors.forename: Martín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viveros-Alcaráz
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vadillo-Ortega
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D002823:Chorion / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003656:Decidua / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D010920:Placenta / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047929:Term Birth / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: Amniochorion; choriodecidua; fetal membranes; inflammation; labor