title: Frequency of use and knowledge of the WHO-surgical checklist in Swiss hospitals: a cross-sectional online survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The WHO-surgical checklist is strongly recommended as a highly effective yet economically simple intervention to improve patient safety. Its use and potentially influential factors were investigated as little data exist on the current situation in Switzerland.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional online survey with members (N = 1378) of three Swiss professional associations of invasive health care professionals was conducted in German, French, and Italian. The survey assessed use of, knowledge of and satisfaction with the WHO-surgical checklist. T-Tests and ANOVA were conducted to test for differences between professional groups. Bivariate correlations were computed to test for associations between measures of knowledge and satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1090 (79.1%) reported the use of a surgical checklist. 346 (25.1%) use the WHO-checklist, 532 (38.6%) use the Swiss Patient Safety Foundation recommendations to avoid Wrong Site Surgery, and 212 (15.7%) reported the use of other checklists. Satisfaction with checklist use was generally high (doctors: 71.9% satisfied, nurses: 60.8% satisfied) and knowledge was moderate depending on the use of the WHO-checklist. No association between measures of subjective and objective knowledge was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implementation of a surgical checklist remains an important task for health care institutions in Switzerland. Although checklist use is present in Switzerland on a regular basis, a substantial group of health care personnel still do not use a checklist as a routine. Influential factors and the associations among themselves need to be addressed in future studies in more detail.
authors.affiliation: Patient Safety Switzerland, Asylstrasse 77, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland. mascherek@patientensicherheit.ch.
authors.forename: Anna C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mascherek
authors.forename: David Lb
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Schwappach
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bezzola