title: Salutogenically focused outcomes in systematic reviews of intrapartum interventions: a systematic review of systematic reviews.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  research on intrapartum interventions in maternity care has focused traditionally on the identification of risk factors' and on the reduction of adverse outcomes with less attention given to the measurement of factors that contribute to well-being and positive health outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of reviews to determine the type and number of salutogenically-focused reported outcomes in current maternity care intrapartum intervention-based research. For the conduct of this review, we interpreted salutogenic outcomes as those relating to optimum and/or positive maternal and neonatal health and well-being.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to identify salutogenically-focused outcomes reported in systematic reviews of randomised trials of intrapartum interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  we searched Issue 9 (September) 2011 of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for all reviews of intrapartum interventions published by the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group using the group filter "hm-preg". Systematic reviews of randomised trials of intrapartum interventions were eligible for inclusion. We excluded protocols for systematic reviews and systematic reviews that had been withdrawn. Outcome data were extracted independently from each included review by at least two review authors. Unique lists of salutogenically and non-salutogenically focused outcomes were established.
  
  
  RESULTS
  16 salutogenically-focused outcome categories were identified in 102 included reviews. Maternal satisfaction and breast feeding were reported most frequently. 49 non-salutogenically-focused outcome categories were identified in the 102 included reviews. Measures of neonatal morbidity were reported most frequently.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  there is an absence of salutogenically-focused outcomes reported in intrapartum intervention-based research. We recommend the development of a core outcome data set of salutogenically-focused outcomes for intrapartum research.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing & Midwifery, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address: smithv1@tcd.ie.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing & Midwifery, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Deirdre
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ingela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lundgren
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Vestfold University College, Norway.
authors.forename: Tine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eri
authors.affiliation: Midwifery Research and Education Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benstoem
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing & Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Declan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Devane
mesh_terms: D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000451:nursing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D048949:Labor Pain / Q000451:nursing; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012196:Review Literature as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Intrapartum interventions; Salutogenesis; Salutogenically-focused outcomes; Systematic review