title: The experiences of women who quit smoking during pregnancy and how they dealt with their spouses' continued smoking.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to explore how pregnant women in Taiwan dealt with their spouses who continued to smoke and with passive smoking during their own process of quitting and abstaining.
  
  
  METHODS
  a qualitative study using an oral history approach. Data were collected via tape-recorded open-ended interviews. All interviews were transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using narrative analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  the homes of the participant women living in the district of a regional hospital of eastern Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  a purposive sample of 10 Taiwanese women who had quit smoking while pregnant was recruited at 1-3 months following the birth of their infants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  five major themes emerged: (1) the women coping with tobacco addiction on their own, (2) creating a non-smoking section or environment at home, (3) dealing with passive smoking, (4) conflict over the wife's sensitivity to her spouse's residual tobacco smell, and (5) allowing the husband to continue smoking to avoid conflicts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the pregnant women were expected by their spouses to quit smoking, yet the husbands continued to smoke. Women had to struggle to quit smoking on their own. The findings from this study support the need to listen to pregnant women's stories, as this is paramount to understanding their experiences of tobacco-use reduction and cessation, and for developing gender appropriate interventions to support their efforts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  health care providers should encourage and help pregnant women who are willing to quit smoking. This help could be more family-centred instead of focusing on the pregnant women alone, and therefore involve educating the spouse to support his wife.
authors.affiliation: Outpatient Department at Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien County, 44 Min-Chuan Road, Hualien 970, Taiwan. Electronic address: evangualing@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chia Yin
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua County, 135 Nanxial St., Changhua 500, Taiwan. Electronic address: 47021@cch.org.tw.
authors.forename: Hsin-Tzu
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 Ming-Te Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan. Electronic address: chiho@ntunhs.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chi-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Sec 2, Shipai Rd., Taipei 11217, Taiwan. Electronic address: vicky335@ms17.hinet.net.
authors.forename: Yu-Lan
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No. 365 Ming-Te Road, Taipei 11219, Taiwan. Electronic address: suchen@ntunhs.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Su-Chen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008880:Midwifery; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D013624:Taiwan; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: Passive smoking; Pregnancy; Smoking cessation