title: A novel three-dimensional large-pore mesoporous carbon matrix as a potential nanovehicle for the fast release of the poorly water-soluble drug, celecoxib.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A novel mesocellular carbon foam (MSU-FC) with a large pore size and a three-dimensional porous structure for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs was prepared. The goal of this study was to improve in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of celecoxib (CEB), a model drug, by means of novel carbon-based nanoparticles prepared from the MSU-FC matrix.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MSU-FC matrix was synthesized by an inverse replica templating method using mesocellular silica template. A solvent immersion/evaporation method was used to load the drug molecules. The drug-loaded nanoparticles were characterized for morphology, surface area, particle size, mesoporous structure, crystallinity, solubility and dissolution. The effect of MSU-FC on cell viability was measured using the MTT conversion assay. Furthermore, the oral bioavailability of CEB-loaded MSU-FC in fasted rats was compared with that of the marketed product.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results demonstrate that CEB incorporation into the prepared MSU-FC resulted in an approximately 9-fold increase in aqueous solubility in comparison with crystalline CEB. MSU-FC produced accelerated immediate release of CEB in comparison with crystalline CEB (pure CEB powder or marketed formulation) and the drug-loaded conventional mesoporous carbon particles. The relative bioavailability of CEB for CEB-loaded MSU-FC was 172%. In addition, MSU-FC nanoparticles exhibited very low toxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MSU-FC nanomatrix has been shown to be a promising drug delivery vehicle for improving the dissolution and biopharmaceutical characteristics of poorly water-soluble drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics,, Xuzhou Medical College, P.O. Box 62, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China, yanzhuozhang@126.com.
authors.forename: Yanzhuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chuanjun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Baoxiang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Siling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Cunqiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002244:Carbon / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000068579:Celecoxib; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D016062:Porosity; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012995:Solubility / Q000187:drug effects; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014867:Water; D002244:Carbon; D000068579:Celecoxib