title: Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on fasting and postprandial levels of the inflammatory markers YKL-40 and MCP-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes and glucose tolerant subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The inflammatory markers YKL-40 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are elevated in morbidly obese patients and decline after weight loss. The objective of our study was to investigate the possible changes of YKL-40 and MCP-1, in both the fasting and the postprandial states, following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten obese patients with T2D and 10 subjects with NGT were examined in the fasting state and after a standard meal prior to and after (1 week, 3 months, and 1 year) RYGB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fasting state MCP-1 levels decreased after RYGB in both groups (P values < 0.0001) whereas fasting YKL-40 levels were unchanged (P values ≥ 0.120). Postprandial MCP-1 levels showed a tendency towards a decrease on most study days; however, the changes were only significant at 1 week (P = 0.001) and 1 yr (P < 0.0001) in the T2D group and at 3 mo after RYGB in the NGT group (P = 0.009). YKL-40 levels showed a slight, postprandial suppression on all study days in the T2D group (all P values ≤ 0.021).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fasting MCP-1 levels, but not YKL-40 levels, decrease after RYGB in subjects with T2D and NGT. Postprandial changes of inflammatory markers are discrete and inconsistent.
authors.affiliation: Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Stine Brinkløv
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: Camilla Noelle
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Rathcke
authors.forename: Nils Bruun
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: Sten
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madsbad
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vestergaard
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood*; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D037102:Lectins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery; D011184:Postoperative Period; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D015415:Biomarkers; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C084533:CHI3L1 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D037102:Lectins; D005947:Glucose