title: Analysis of six heavy metals in Ortho mineral trioxide aggregate and ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry.
abstract: Ortho mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a mineral aggregate newly developed for perforation repair, root end filling and pulp capping. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) in Ortho MTA and ProRoot MTA. A total of 0.2 g of each MTA was digested using a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acids and filtered. Six heavy metals in the resulting filtrates were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (n = 5). The results were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in Ortho MTA were 0.10, 7.73, 49.51, 2.58, 0.82 and 10.09 p.p.m., respectively. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in ProRoot MTA were 0.16, 9.38, 1438.11, 74.51, 18.98 and 4.05 p.p.m., respectively. In conclusion, Ortho MTA had lower levels of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni than ProRoot MTA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea Department of Endodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Oral Health Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kee-Yeon
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kum
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Safavi
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Kwang-Shik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Seok Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis; D008345:Manganese / Q000032:analysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D009532:Nickel / Q000032:analysis; D017942:Nitric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D010087:Oxides / Q000032:analysis*; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents / Q000032:analysis; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000032:analysis*; D017640:Silicates / Q000032:analysis*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D010087:Oxides; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; D012997:Solvents; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D002104:Cadmium; D017942:Nitric Acid; D008345:Manganese; D003300:Copper; D009532:Nickel; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid
keywords: Ortho MTA; ProRoot MTA; cadmium; heavy metal; inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES); iron