title: Prognostic value of a nine-gene signature in glioma patients based on mRNA expression profiling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults and a significant cause of cancer-related mortality. A 9-gene signature was identified as a novel prognostic model reflecting survival situation obviously in gliomas.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify an mRNA expression signature to improve outcome prediction for patients with different glioma grades.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We used whole-genome mRNA expression microarray data of 220 glioma samples of all grades from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database (http://www.cgga.org.cn) as a discovery set and data from Rembrandt and GSE16011 for validation sets. Data from every single grade were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method with a two-sided log-rank test. Univariate Cox regression and linear risk score formula were applied to derive a gene signature with better prognostic performance. We found that patients who had high risk score according to the signature had poor overall survival compared with patients who had low risk score. Highly expressed genes in the high-risk group were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA). As a result, the reason for the divisibility of gliomas was likely due to cell life processes and adhesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This 9-gene-signature prediction model provided a more accurate predictor of prognosis that denoted patients with high risk score have poor outcome. Moreover, these risk models based on defined molecular profiles showed the considerable prospect in personalized cancer management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Shi
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Ming-Yang
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jia-Yin
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chuan-Bao
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Yan-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D015698:Genomic Library; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000235:genetics; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000077022:Survivin; D000091262:TEA Domain Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics; D020761:rab1 GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; C541541:MT1E protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C488377:SFXN4 protein, human; D000077022:Survivin; D000091262:TEA Domain Transcription Factors; C101205:TEAD2 protein, human; C122167:TPX2 protein, human; C584576:TUBA1B protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014404:Tubulin; D008668:Metallothionein; C400300:HDAC4 protein, human; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D020761:rab1 GTP-Binding Proteins
keywords: Biomarker; Gliomas; Prognosis; Risk score; mRNA