title: Botulinum toxin type A reconstituted in lidocaine with epinephrine for facial rejuvenation: results of a participant satisfaction survey.
abstract: To assess the feasibility, safety, and lack of inferiority of reconstituting botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in 1% lidocaine hydrochloride with epinephrine 1:100,000, 181 participants were asked to complete a satisfaction survey 3 to 6 months after treatment with the reconstituted formulation for facial rejuvenation. The addition of lidocaine was believed to achieve an immediate paralyzing effect on the injected muscles, and the addition of epinephrine was hypothesized to minimize diffusion to adjacent muscles. Participants were treated in the areas of the forehead and glabella, as well as the orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, and procerus muscles, in varying doses (10-60 U). Fifty-eight percent (91/157) of participants reported being more satisfied with BTX-A reconstituted in 1% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000, with 85.7% (78/91) of these participants reporting that the immediate results made the formulation superior; 35.7% (56/157) were indifferent and 6.4% (10/157) reported that the modified formulation did not work better. The injection of BTX-A reconstituted in 1% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 presented no increased adverse effects (AEs), no decrease in pharmacologic potency, immediate feedback to the clinician, and higher satisfaction for the participants who previously had been treated with BTX-A reconstituted in unpreserved saline. Botulinum toxin type A reconstituted in 1% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 may increase the duration and efficacy of this widely used toxin.
authors.affiliation: Bellagio Medical Spa & Vein Clinic, 1455 W Chandler Blvd, Ste B11, Chandler AZ 85224, USA.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D008012:Lidocaine; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; D004837:Epinephrine