title: In vitro and in vivo expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform 1 (ALDH1) is a useful marker of cancer-initiating cells (CICs) in various organs. In this study, we investigated whether alterations in ALDH1 immunostaining and enzymatic activity in tumor cell populations predicted clinicopathological factors of prognostic importance for cancer progression and contributed to the characteristics of CICs in cisplatin-treated oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) cells. We evaluated the association between the proportion of ALDH1-positive tumor cells and the clinicopathological features in 90 patients with OSCC. We also examined ALDH1 enzymatic activity, ABCG2 expression, invasive capacity and the ability to self-renew in OSCC cells treated with or without cisplatin. The clinicopathological results showed that elevated ALDH1 expression correlated with local recurrence. In in vitro experiments, the percentage of cells exhibiting ALDH1 enzymatic activity significantly increased among cisplatin-surviving cells (CiSCs) according to flow cytometry. Furthermore, CiSCs demonstrated upregulated expression of ABCG2, their invasive capacity increased, and their ability to generate cancer spheres was enhanced. An increased population of cells exhibiting ALDH1 immunostaining is a predictive marker of local recurrence. ALDH1 expression and activity contributes to the characteristics of CICs in OSCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Oral Oncology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological Biology, Division of Pathology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.affiliation: Department of General Dentistry, Division of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seno
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological Biology, Division of Pathology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Kunihisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Oral Oncology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozeki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007527:Isoenzymes; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; C510223:ALDH1A1 protein, human; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase; D002945:Cisplatin