title: Outcome of enamel matrix derivative treatment in the presence of chronic stress: histometric study in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psychologic stress and clinical hypercortisolism have been related to direct effects on bone metabolism. However, there is a lack of information regarding the outcomes of regenerative approaches under the influence of chronic stress (CS). Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been used in periodontal regenerative procedures, resulting in improvement of clinical parameters. Thus, the aim of this histomorphometric study is to evaluate the healing of periodontal defects after treatment with EMD under the influence of CS in the rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two groups; G1: CS (restraint stress for 12 hours/day) (n = 10), and G2: not exposed to CS (n = 10). Fifteen days after initiation of CS, fenestration defects were created at the buccal aspect of the first mandibular molar of all animals from both groups. After the surgeries, the defects of each animal were randomly assigned to two subgroups: non-treated control and treated with EMD. The animals were euthanized 21 days later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  G1 showed less bone density (BD) compared to G2. EMD provided an increased defect fill (DF) in G1 and higher BD and new cementum formation (NCF) in both groups. The number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclasts was significantly higher in G1 when compared to G2 and in EMD-treated sites of both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CS may produce a significant detrimental effect on BD. EMD may provide greater DF compared to non-treated control in the presence of CS and increased BD and NCF in the presence or absence of CS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mônica G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Corrêa
authors.forename: Mirella L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gomes Campos
authors.forename: Marcelo Rocha
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Glaucia Maria
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Bovi Ambrosano
authors.forename: Marcio Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Casati
authors.forename: Francisco H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Nociti
authors.forename: Enilson A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Sallum
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D025021:Cementogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
chemical_list: D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; C109069:enamel matrix proteins; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
keywords: Dental cementum; enamel matrix proteins; periodontium; physiological; rats; regeneration; stress