title: The learning disabled adolescent: Eriksonian psychosocial development, self-concept, and delinquent behavior.
abstract: Using a developmental perspective, this study contrasted learning and nonlearning disabled adolescents on three variables: Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, self-concept, and delinquent behavior. It was predicted that learning disabled adolescents would show significantly less resolution of Erikson's fourth state, "industry versus inferiority," manifest lower overall self-concept, and report more delinquent behavior than their nondisabled peers. The results indicated that the learning disabled subjects, due to years of failing at school tasks, were unable to develop a sense of industry and competence. While these adolescents felt unpopular and inferior about their academic skills, the overall self-concept of the learning disabled sample was not significantly different than that of the comparison subjects. Finally, among nonadjudicated youths, learning disability was not found to be significantly associated with juvenile delinquency. Taken together, the results of this study show the utility of a developmental framework for a better understanding of the psychosocial adjustment of adolescents with learning handicaps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Rosa, California.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Pickar
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Tori