title: Interstitial lung disease associated with Equine Infectious Anemia Virus infection in horses.
abstract: EIA (Equine Infectious Anemia) is a blood-borne disease primarily transmitted by haematophagous insects or needle punctures. Other routes of transmission have been poorly explored. We evaluated the potential of EIAV (Equine Infectious Anemia Virus) to induce pulmonary lesions in naturally infected equids. Lungs from 77 EIAV seropositive horses have been collected in Romania and France. Three types of lesions have been scored on paraffin-embedded lungs: lymphocyte infiltration, bronchiolar inflammation, and thickness of the alveolar septa. Expression of the p26 EIAV capsid (CA) protein has been evaluated by immunostaining. Compared to EIAV-negative horses, 52% of the EIAV-positive horses displayed a mild inflammation around the bronchioles, 22% had a moderate inflammation with inflammatory cells inside the wall and epithelial bronchiolar hyperplasia and 6.5% had a moderate to severe inflammation, with destruction of the bronchiolar epithelium and accumulation of smooth muscle cells within the pulmonary parenchyma. Changes in the thickness of the alveolar septa were also present. Expression of EIAV capsid has been evidenced in macrophages, endothelial as well as in alveolar and bronchiolar epithelial cells, as determined by their morphology and localization. To summarize, we found lesions of interstitial lung disease similar to that observed during other lentiviral infections such as FIV in cats, SRLV in sheep and goats or HIV in children. The presence of EIAV capsid in lung epithelial cells suggests that EIAV might be responsible for the broncho-interstitial damages observed.
authors.forename: Pompei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bolfa
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nolf
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cadoré
authors.forename: Cornel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Catoi
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dolmazon
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Mornex
authors.affiliation: UMR754, Retrovirus and Comparative Pathology, INRA, Lyon, France. caroline.leroux@univ-lyon1.fr.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leroux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000662:veterinary; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D004859:Equine Infectious Anemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D006736:Horses; D004860:Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / Q000502:physiology; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000662:veterinary; D012383:Romania; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014758:Viral Core Proteins; C117895:equine infectious anemia virus, p26