title: Endovascular treatment of spontaneous extraperitoneal haemorrhage: immediate and long-term clinical efficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of transcatheter embolisation in the treatment of spontaneous extraperitoneal haemorrhage (SEH).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively evaluated the technical and clinical success in terms of immediate and long-term mortality in a series of patients who underwent endovascular treatment of SEH from January 2005 to December 2010. A statistical comparison of pre- and postoperative transfusion requirements was performed by using the Student's t test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the period considered, 30 patients (16 women and 14 men; mean age, 73.3 years ±15.6) with SEH underwent endovascular treatment. Technical success was obtained in all cases (100 %), and a statistically significant reduction in blood transfusion requirements was observed (mean preoperative requirement: 7.5 U/day ±3; mean postoperative requirement 2.8 U/day) (p < 0.005). We observed a postoperative mortality of 10 % (3/30 patients) and mortality at 6 and 12 months was 14.8 % (4/27 patients) and 26 % (6/23 patients), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to our experience and to the literature, transcatheter arterial embolisation represents the treatment of choice in patients with SEH, as it ensures complete therapeutic success.
authors.affiliation: S.C.D.U Radiodiagnostica e Radiologia Interventistica A.O.U. Maggiore della Carità, C.so Mazzini 18, 28100, Novara, Italy, guz@libero.it.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guzzardi
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fossaceca
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cerini
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Bonis
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Malatesta
authors.forename: Ignazio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Divenuto
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carriero
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D003287:Contrast Media; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media