title: Third universal definition of myocardial infarction: update, caveats, differential diagnoses.
abstract: Updated definitions of myocardial infarction (MI) reflect research on measuring cardiac troponin to diagnose MI. Elevations of this biomarker indicate cardiac injury but not always an acute coronary syndrome. Clinical judgment is needed to interpret increasingly sensitive biomarker assays appropriately. Here, we review the new MI definitions and the various causes of elevated troponin to enable physicians to differentiate acute coronary syndromes from other conditions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Orange, CA; Long Beach Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, CA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Tehrani
authors.forename: Arnold H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Seto
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D010493:Pericarditis / Q000097:blood; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000097:blood; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014336:Troponin / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014336:Troponin; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form