title: Expression of human β-defensin-2 in psoriatic epidermis models treated with balneophototherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The molecular mechanisms of action of salt water soaks combined with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation--balneophototherapy (BPT)--are unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to investigate the effect of BPT on the expression of human β-defensin-2 (hBD2) using a psoriatic epidermis model (PEM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using real-time RT-PCR and ELISA, we studied the expression patterns of hBD2 in PEM which were treated over three consecutive days with differently concentrated salt water solutions [(3% NaCl; 30% NaCl, 30% Dead Sea salt (DSS)] and consecutive narrowband UVB exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  mRNA of hBD2 was significantly reduced in irradiated 3% NaCl, 30% NaCl and 30% DSS soaked PEM when compared with non-irradiated PEM. ELISA for hBD2 revealed significantly reduced protein expression in irradiated 3% NaCl, 30% NaCl and 30% DSS soaked PEM when compared with non-irradiated PEM. Compared with irradiated controls and 3% NaCl soaked and irradiated PEM, BPT using 30% NaCl and 30% DSS revealed significantly decreased hBD2 protein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both mono-treatment with salt water soaks and BPT of PEM result in altered expression of hBD2, whereas the effects observed are most prominent after BPT. hBD2 gene and protein expression is predominantly down-regulated following BPT indicating that this combined phototherapeutic regimen is superior to mono-UVB or salt water soaks alone with respect to normalization of hBD2 expression in psoriatic epidermis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gambichler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skrygan
mesh_terms: D001452:Balneology / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014467:Ultraviolet Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C106641:DEFB4A protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D023083:beta-Defensins; D012965:Sodium Chloride