title: Measuring food and nutrition security: tools and considerations for use among people living with HIV.
abstract: As an increasing number of countries implement integrated food and nutrition security (FNS) and HIV programs, global stakeholders need clarity on how to best measure FNS at the individual and household level. This paper reviews prominent FNS measurement tools, and describes considerations for interpretation in the context of HIV. There exist a range of FNS measurement tools and many have been adapted for use in HIV-endemic settings. Considerations in selecting appropriate tools include sub-types (food sufficiency, dietary diversity and food safety); scope/level of application; and available resources. Tools need to reflect both the needs of PLHIV and affected households and FNS program objectives. Generalized food sufficiency and dietary diversity tools may provide adequate measures of FNS in PLHIV for programmatic applications. Food consumption measurement tools provide further data for clinical or research applications. Measurement of food safety is an important, but underdeveloped aspect of assessment, especially for PLHIV.
authors.affiliation: School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, UBC Point Grey Campus, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada, sjfielden@yahoo.ca.
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Fielden
authors.forename: Aranka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anema
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fergusson
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muldoon
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grede
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Pee
mesh_terms: D004032:Diet / Q000592:standards*; D005502:Food; D059022:Food Safety; D005523:Food Supply; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009749:Nutrition Surveys / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009753:Nutritive Value; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*