title: Single-port one-stage bilateral thoracoscopic sympathicotomy for severe hyperhidrosis: prospective analysis of a standardized approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary palmar and/or axillary focal hyperhidrosis is a frequent disorder characterized by excessive sweating beyond physiological needs, often leading to a substantial impairment of quality of life. Over the years several minimally invasive surgical treatments have been described, however results vary, and due to a lack of uniform surgical approach, technique and nomenclature are often difficult to compare. In this prospective study we sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of our standardized technique of single-port, one-stage bilateral thoracoscopic sympathicotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  On a prospective basis a hundred consecutive patients with severe or intolerable primary hyperhidrosis underwent one-stage bilateral single-port thoracoscopic sympathicotomy. Primary outcome was measured in pre- vs. post-operative Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale scores. Location and extend of compensatory hyperhidrosis, and satisfaction with the procedure were registered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant reduction in mean Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale score (3.69 ± 0.47 preoperatively vs. 1.06 ± 0.34 postoperatively) (p < 0.001) was observed. In 97 (97%) out of the 100 enrolled patients a >80% reduction in sweat production was achieved. Compensatory hyperhidrosis was seen in 27 patients (27%). It was rated as mild by 21 patients (78%) and as moderate by 6 (22%) of these patients. No severe compensatory hyperhidrosis was reported. Major complications, such as intraoperative bleeding, infections, and Horner's syndrome were not observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Highly selective sympathicotomy at well-defined levels with a one-stage bilateral single-port transaxillary thoracoscopic approach is a save procedure, with excellent and reproducible immediate results in the treatment of primary palmar and/or axillary hyperhidrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, P,O, Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands. m.kuijpers@umcg.nl.
authors.forename: Michiel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuijpers
authors.forename: Theo J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Klinkenberg
authors.forename: Wobbe
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bouma
authors.forename: Mike J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: DeJongste
authors.forename: Massimo A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mariani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001365:Axilla / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006945:Hyperhidrosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D061646:Operative Time; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013562:Sympathectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult