title: Human resistin, a proinflammatory cytokine, shows chaperone-like activity.
abstract: Resistin, a cysteine-rich adipocytokine, proposed as a link between obesity and diabetes in mice, was shown as a proinflammatory molecule in humans. We earlier reported that human resistin (hRes), a trimer, was resistant to heat and urea denaturation, existed in an oligomeric polydispersed state, and showed a concentration-dependent conformational change. These properties and an intimate correlation of hRes expression with cellular stress prompted us to investigate hRes as a possible chaperone. Here, we show that recombinant human resistin was able to protect the heat-labile enzymes citrate synthase and Nde1 from thermal aggregation and inactivation and was able to refold and restore their enzymatic activities after heat/guanidinium chloride denaturation. Furthermore, recombinant human resistin could bind misfolded proteins only. Molecular dynamics-based association-dissociation kinetics of hRes subunits pointed to resistin being a molecular chaperone. Bis-ANS, which blocks surface hydrophobicity, abrogated the chaperone activity of hRes, establishing the importance of surface hydrophobicity for chaperone activity. Replacement of Phe49 with Tyr (F49YhRes), a critical residue within the hydrophobic patch of hRes, although it could prevent thermal aggregation of citrate synthase and Nde1, was unable to refold and restore their activities. Treatment of U937 cells with tunicamycin/thapsigargin resulted in reduced hRes secretion and concomitant localization in the endoplasmic reticulum. Escherichia coli transformants expressing hRes could be rescued from thermal stress, pointing to hRes's chaperone-like function in vivo. HeLa cells transfected with hRes showed protection from thapsigargin-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, hRes, an inflammatory protein, additionally exhibited chaperone-like properties, suggesting a possible link between inflammation and cellular stress.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
authors.forename: Madhuri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suragani
authors.forename: Varma D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Aadinarayana
authors.forename: Aleem Basha
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Pinjari
authors.forename: Karunakar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanneeru
authors.forename: Lalitha
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guruprasad
authors.forename: Sharmistha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Tapan K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Chaudhuri
authors.forename: Nasreen Zafar
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Ehtesham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D018869:Heat-Shock Response / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052243:Resistin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014415:Tunicamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C525094:Nde1 protein, human; C499624:RETN protein, human; D052243:Resistin; D014415:Tunicamycin; D019284:Thapsigargin
keywords: chaperokine; protein folding