title: Frequency of perinatal depression in Serbia and associated risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To screen 212 women for depression symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum in Serbia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires that covered key demographic and obstetric information and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were administered at the third trimester of pregnancy and at 8 weeks postpartum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 21% of the sample was screened as depression positive during pregnancy. Subsequently, efforts were made to follow up 195 women through postpartum. Of the 195 women, 11% were screened positive during postpartum. Risk factors were low education level, low satisfaction with financial situation, high-risk pregnancy and depression during pregnancy. Logistic regression with backward elimination showed that women who had high-risk pregnancy have threefold increased risk of postpartum depression, and women who had antenatal depressive symptoms have 10-fold increased risk of postpartum depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In countries where screening tool for depression is not applied routinely in obstetrics settings, clinicians should be aware of risk factors, frequency and level of depressive symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum.
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Unit, PHC Zvezdara, Belgrade, Serbia Bojana.kitanovic@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bojana Kitanovic
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Dmitrovic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Miroslava Gojnic
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Dugalić
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Gordana Nikolic
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Balkoski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dmitrovic
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Soldatovic
mesh_terms: D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Perinatal depression; obstetric factors; psychosocial factors; screening