title: Beyond dopamine: the noradrenergic system and mental effort.
abstract: An opportunity cost model of effort requires flexible integration of valuation and self-control systems. Reciprocal connections between these networks and brainstem neuromodulatory systems are likely to provide the signals that affect subsequent persistence or failure when faced with effort challenges. The interaction of these systems should be taken into account to strengthen a normative neural model of effort.
authors.affiliation: Imaging Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712. malecek@utexas.edu poldrack@utexas.edu www.poldracklab.org.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Malecek
authors.forename: Russell A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Poldrack
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D005222:Mental Fatigue / Q000523:psychology*; D008960:Models, Psychological