title: A socio-ecological model for unintentional injuries in minorities: a case study of Arab Israeli children.
abstract: Minority children have often been reported to be at high risk of injury. The higher levels of reported unintentional injuries among Arab children compared to Jewish children in Israel are mainly due to pedestrian traffic crashes, falls and burns. Arab children aged 1-4 years have a higher relative risk of injury compared to Jews. We suggest a socio-ecological model to explain these differences in risk based on individual, interpersonal, community and societal ecological levels of society. Each level is divided into social and physical environments and behaviour. Two main factors may contribute to the high rates of injury among Arab children: the quality of the physical environment in which the children live and play and the levels of child supervision. Socio-economic status may contribute to these differences at all ecological levels of society. This approach could be useful for researchers and practitioners to analyse similar issues in other communities and help develop appropriate interventions.
authors.affiliation: a School of Public Health , University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel.
authors.forename: Orna
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baron-Epel
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ivancovsky
mesh_terms: D000059:Accidents / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D018912:Arabs / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004779:Environment Design; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D007585:Jews / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012923:Social Class; D012931:Social Environment; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Arabs; Israel; Jews; childhood injury; minorities; socio-ecological model