title: The role of systemic and targeted therapies in brain metastases.
abstract: For many years, brain metastases (BMs) have been considered as the final stage of a disease course and engendered skepticism about the efficacy of treatments. Local treatments, mainly, whole-brain radiotherapy have been the standard of care, whereas chemotherapy has been considered of limited efficacy due to the potential role of blood-brain barrier.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Department, Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Azienda USL of Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bartolotti
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poggi
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Battista
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palleschi
authors.forename: Alba A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Brandes
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents