title: Timing of surgical intervention with cochlear implant in patients with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  (1) To report the speech perception and intelligibility results of Mandarin-speaking patients with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) after cochlear implantation (CI); (2) to compare their performance with a group of CI users without LVAS; (3) to understand the effects of age at implantation and duration of implant use on the CI outcomes. The obtained data may be used to guide decisions about CI candidacy and surgical timing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two patients with LVAS participating in this study were divided into two groups: the early group received CI before 5 years of age and the late group after 5. Open-set speech perception tests (on Mandarin tones, words and sentences) were administered one year after implantation and at the most recent follow-up visit. Categories of auditory perception (CAP) and Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) scale scores were also obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients with LVAS with more than 5 years of implant use (18 cases) achieved a mean score higher than 80% on the most recent speech perception tests and reached the highest level on the CAP/SIR scales. The early group developed speech perception and intelligibility steadily over time, while the late group had a rapid improvement during the first year after implantation. The two groups, regardless of their age at implantation, reached a similar performance level at the most recent follow-up visit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High levels of speech performance are reached after 5 years of implant use in patients with LVAS. These patients do not necessarily need to wait until their hearing thresholds are higher than 90 dB HL or PB word score lower than 40% to receive CI. They can do it "earlier" when their speech perception and/or speech intelligibility do not reach the performance level suggested in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hui-Chen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Tien-Chen
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li-Ang
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wei-Chieh
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Yung-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Tsou
authors.forename: Shu-Hang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Che-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D001307:Auditory Perception; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013067:Speech Perception; D013996:Time and Motion Studies; D014723:Vestibular Aqueduct / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015837:Vestibular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*