title: Total soluble and endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) in IBD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recruitment and activation of neutrophils, with release of specific proteins such as S100 proteins, is a feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Soluble forms of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (sRAGE), and variants such as endogenous secretory (esRAGE), can act as decoy receptors by binding ligands, including S100A12. The aims of this study were to determine total sRAGE and esRAGE concentrations in patients with IBD and correlate these with C-reactive protein (CRP), endoscopic scores and clinical disease activity scores.
  
  
  METHODS
  EDTA-plasma was collected from patients undergoing colonoscopy including those with Crohn's disease (CD: n=125), ulcerative colitis (UC: n=79) and control patients without endoscopic signs of inflammation (non-IBD: n=156). Concentrations of sRAGE and esRAGE were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and plasma CRP concentrations measured. Standard clinical disease activity and endoscopic severity scores were defined for all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma sRAGE concentrations were lower in UC (but not CD) than non-IBD subjects (p<0.01). Whilst sRAGE concentrations correlated negatively with endoscopic activity in UC (p<0.05), this was not seen in CD. In contrast, esRAGE correlated negatively with disease activity in both UC (p=0.002) and CD (p=0.0001). Furthermore, sRAGE and esRAGE concentrations correlated inversely with CRP values (p<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although total sRAGE varied with activity in UC, esRAGE concentrations correlated inversely with endoscopic disease activity and CRP levels in both UC and CD. Additional studies are required to further define the significance of sRAGE and esRAGE in IBD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Berrie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Teagan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoskin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ashcroft
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Jacqueline I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Keenan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Falvey
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gearry
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Paediatrics, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand. Electronic address: andrew.day@otago.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Day
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058922:Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: C-reactive protein (CRP); Endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE); Endoscopic activity; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Inflammatory bowel disease; Soluble receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (sRAGE)