title: Actual ratios of triacylglycerol positional isomers and enantiomers comprising saturated fatty acids and highly unsaturated fatty acids in fishes and marine mammals.
abstract: It has been previously shown that the positional isomers of triacylglycerol (TAG) containing palmitic acid (P) and highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) such as DHA (D) and EPA (E) vary between fishes and marine mammals. However, it has not yet been understood why in marine mammals HUFAs are located only at the α position when two palmitic acid chains combine, and not in fishes. In order to gain further understanding of the biosynthetic pathways involved in the formation of these asymmetric TAGs, we investigated whether the HUFA in the TAG of marine mammals exists predominantly at the sn-1 or sn-3 position. We examined the TAG positional isomers and enantiomers in marine organisms in detail. As a result, while PDP and PEP were not detected, sn-PPD and sn-PPE were found in abundance in marine mammals. For fishes, on the other hand, PDP, PEP, sn-PPD, and sn-PPE were all identified. In the case of TAGs that contain two HUFAs and one palmitic acid, marine mammals were rich in DPD and EPE whereas fishes were rich in sn-PDD and sn-PEE.
authors.affiliation: Tsukishima Foods Industry Co. Ltd.
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yanying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Tokuhisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakatabe
authors.forename: Hoyo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizobe
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Ikuma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Fumiaki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beppu
authors.forename: Naohiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gotoh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002591:Cetacea / Q000378:metabolism*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D019308:Palmitic Acid