title: Elevated expression of SOX2 and FGFR1 in correlation with poor prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The central issue in this study is to investigate the expression of Sex determining region Y-BOX2 (SOX2) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), evaluate their clinicopathological variables and prognostic significance in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens from 222 SCLC patients and 53 adjacent normal lung tissues were detected by the immunohistochemistry for SOX2 and FGFR1 expression. The relationship between the expression of both markers and survival status was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overexpression of SOX2 and FGFR1 were revealed in SCLC tumors than in normal tissues (P<0.05). SOX2 expression was associated with clinical stage (P=0.014) and lymph node status (P=0.041). Besides, FGFR1 expression was significantly higher in ever smokers (P=0.030) and late stage SCLC (P=0.005). SOX2, FGFR1 and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and Recurrence-free survival (RFS) by multivariate analysis. In stage I patients, only overexpression of SOX2, but not of FGFR1, predicted poor OS (0.027) and RFS (P=0.013). According to the expression of SOX2 and FGFR1, patients were categorized into three groups. Patients with elevated expression of both markers belonged to the group with the shortest RFS (P<0.0001) and OS (P<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased expression of SOX2 and FGFR1 may be available as poor prognostic indicators in SCLC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, The Tumor Hospital Affiliated Harbin Medical University Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jingshu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Qiuyue
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Gongyan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1 / Q000032:analysis*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C527782:SOX2 protein, human; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; C496348:FGFR1 protein, human; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1
keywords: FGFR1; SOX2; immunohistochemistry; prognosis; small cell lung cancer