title: Innovative Free-range Resonant Electrical Energy Delivery system (FREE-D System) for a ventricular assist device using wireless power.
abstract: Technological innovation of a smaller, single moving part has an advantage over earlier large pulsatile ventricular assist devices (VADs) prone to mechanical failure. Drivelines limit the potential for extended patient survival durations with newer pumps and act as source for infection, increased morbidity, rehospitalizations, and reduced quality of life. The Free-range Resonant Electrical Energy Delivery (FREE-D) wireless power system uses magnetically coupled resonators to efficiently transfer power. We demonstrate the efficiency over distance of this system. The experimental setup consists of an radiofrequency amplifier and control board which drives the transmit resonator coil, and a receiver unit consisting of a resonant coil attached to a radiofrequency rectifier and power management module. The power management module supplies power to the axial pump, which was set at 9,600 rpm. To achieve a seamless wireless delivery in any room size, we introduced a third relay coil. This relay coil can be installed throughout a room, whereas a single relay coil could be built into a jacket worn by the patient, which would always be within range of the receive coil implanted in the patient's body. The power was delivered over a meter distance without interruptions or fluctuations with coil, rectifier, and regulator efficiency more than 80% and overall system efficiency of 61%. The axial pump worked well throughout the 8 hours of continuous operation. Having same setup on the opposite side can double the distance. A tether-free operation of a VAD can be achieved by FREE-D system in room-size distances. It has the potential to make the VAD therapy more acceptable from the patient perspective.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; †Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; ‡Bonde Artificial Heart Laboratory, Center for Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and §Section of Cardiac Surgery, Center for Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Benjamin H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: Joshua R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Pramod
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonde
mesh_terms: D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D059015:Wireless Technology / Q000295:instrumentation*