title: New paradigms in inflammatory signaling in vascular endothelial cells.
abstract: Inflammation is a basic cellular process in innate and adaptive immunity. Vascular endothelial cells play an important role in the initiation, amplification, and resolution of the inflammatory response. Deregulated inflammatory response is implicated in a variety of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Recent studies have made significant progresses in the understanding of the complex molecular pathways that mediate the pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling in endothelial cells (ECs). Specifically, a number of macromolecular complexes termed as signalosomes have been identified to integrate the proinflammatory signaling from the membrane receptors to key transcription factors such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Inflammasomes are associated with the pattern-recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide-binding oligomerization-domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) to mediate innate immunity responses. Emerging evidence has also revealed that noncoding microRNAs constitute a new class of intra- and intercellular signaling molecules to modulate inflammation in ECs. Thus this article will briefly summarize these new mechanisms with a special emphasis in the context of cardiovascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yahan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Nanping
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D016207:Cytokines; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: endothelium; inflammasome; inflammation; microRNA; signaling