title: Th1/Th2 polarization in tonsillar lymphocyte form patients with IgA nephropathy.
abstract: Imbalance of Th1/Th2 pro-inflammatory cytokines plays an important role in the development and progression of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Clinical development and exacerbation of IgAN are frequently preceded by episodes of upper respiratory tract infection, and palatine tonsils represent the predominant immunocompetent tissue of the upper respiratory tract. This study examined tonsillar lymphocytes of IgAN who suffered from tonsillitis (n = 22), and using tonsils derived from patients with chronic tonsillitis (n = 24) but without renal disease as a control. We identified a polarization toward Th2 response in tonsils of IgAN patients. TH0 cells are differentially mobilized during contact sensitization and by adjuvants such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that induce T-helper type 1 (Th1) responses, or α-hemolytic streptococcus (HS) that induces T-helper type 2 (Th2) responses. Th1:Th2 ratio is correlated with proteinuria and renal pathologic changes in IgAN group. Our study suggests that IgAN is associated with the change in Th1/Th2 balance in favor of Th2 lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Nephrology Department, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liyu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Youming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wenqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Yinghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fuyou
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008875:Middle Aged; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000652:urine; D013291:Streptococcus; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma