title: Salivary and serum level of CYFRA 21-1 in oral precancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CYFRA 21-1, a constituent of the intermediate filament proteins of epithelial cells, is known to be increased in many cancers. This study was designed to estimate the levels of salivary and serum CYFRA 21-1 in patients with oral precancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and compare them with healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each group comprised of 100 subjects. Saliva and blood samples were collected from patients with OSCC, premalignant subjects, and normal healthy subjects. Serum and salivary CYFRA 21-1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Appropriate statistical tests were employed to assess diagnostic potency of CYFRA 21-1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a significant increase in CYFRA 21-1 level in OSCC compared with PML and healthy subjects. Salivary CYFRA 21-1 levels in OSCC was threefold higher when compared to serum levels. PML group showed increased salivary CYFRA 21-1 when compared to control subjects, but it was significantly lower compared with OSCC. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed salivary CYFRA 21-1 to have superior sensitivity in detecting OSCC compared with serum CYFRA 21-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The outcome of this study suggests that salivary CYFRA 21-1 can be utilized as a biomarker in early detection of oral cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial pathology, SRM Dental College, SRM University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rajkumar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramya
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nandhini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rajashree
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramesh Kumar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nirmala Anandan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053539:Keratin-19 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053539:Keratin-19; C102012:antigen CYFRA21.1
keywords: CYFRA 21-1; diagnosis; oral cancer; premalignant lesion; squamous cell carcinoma