title: Population dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus from Northeastern Nigeria in 2007 and 2012.
abstract: The population structure of Staphylococcus aureus is changing globally but the situation regarding dominant clones in sub-Saharan Africa is not clear. We therefore assessed changes in the population structure of clinical S. aureus isolates obtained in 2007 (n = 75) and 2012 (n = 75) from Northeastern Nigeria. A reduction in resistance to penicillin, gentamicin, erythromycin and clindamycin was observed in 2012. A decrease of methicillin resistance rates (13·3% to 8·0%) was associated with the decline of the ST241 MRSA clone. The proportion of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive isolates also decreased from 65·3% to 44%, and was linked with the emergence of PVL-negative ST601 clone in 2012. The significant decline in antibiotic resistance in the study area is in contrast to the worldwide trend of increasing resistance rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Services,Federal Medical Centre,Makurdi,Nigeria.
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Okon
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology,Obafemi Awolowo University,Ile-Ife,Nigeria.
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Shittu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Services,Federal Medical Centre,Gombe,Nigeria.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Services,Federal Medical Centre,Nguru,Nigeria.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Umar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology,University Hospital Münster,Münster,Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology,University Hospital Münster,Münster,Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schaumburg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007956:Leukocidins / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058889:Molecular Typing; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D011157:Population Dynamics; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D005098:Exotoxins; D007956:Leukocidins; C078284:Panton-Valentine leukocidin; D037521:Virulence Factors