title: Development of an indirect sandwich ELISA for detection of urinary antigen, using Legionella pneumophila PAL protein.
abstract: Legionella pneumophila peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (PAL) protein is an extremely conserved antigen among Legionella species. In this study, rabbit and rat anti-PAL immunoglobulin G antibodies were produced by immunization with purified, recombinant PAL (r-PAL) protein of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 and used as capture and detection antibodies in the PAL antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect urinary PAL antigen. Urine samples were obtained from rats experimentally infected with L. pneumophila serogroup 1. The PAL antigen was measured in urine samples of 40 infected and 40 uninfected rats. After choosing the cut-off value of 0.192, the sensitivity and specificity of the PAL antigen-based ELISA were 87.5 and 97.5 %, respectively. The results obtained by PAL antigen base ELISA were compared with those obtained by Biotest. The PAL antigen was detected efficiently by both of the assays and all of the control human urine samples were negative by the ELISA test. The PAL antigen-based ELISA assay was relatively simple to perform, precise, highly sensitive and specific, and reproducible. Based on our data the PAL antigen-based ELISA described here is the first indirect sandwich ELISA for urinary antigen detection which could easily be applied for diagnosis of Legionnaires disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Molecular and cellular Research center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Abolfazl
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gholipour
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moosavian
authors.forename: Manoochehr
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makvandi
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Galehdari
authors.forename: Amirhooshang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvandi
authors.forename: Seyyed Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016952:Legionella pneumophila / Q000276:immunology*; D007877:Legionnaires' Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine*; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C069988:PplA protein, Legionella pneumophila