title: Diabetes and the female reproductive system.
abstract: The insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathways and glucose metabolism act as mediators of human ovarian function and female fertility. In normal insulin action, insulin binds to its own receptors in the ovary to mediate steroidogenesis and act as a co-gonadotropin. Insulin with other factors may influence ovarian growth and cyst formation. The IGF pathway also seems to influence normal ovarian function. Insulin signaling affects reproductive function. Dysregulation of this pathway leads to altered puberty, ovulation, and fertility. Better understanding of the normal physiology and pathophysiology of insulin, IGF, and glucose effects on the human reproductive system will allow for better outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beth Israel Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 317 East 17th Street, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA.
authors.forename: Anindita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nandi
authors.forename: Leonid
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Poretsky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D010053:Ovary / Q000502:physiology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
keywords: Diabetes in pregnancy; Insulin and the ovary; PCOS