title: Immediate postabortion access to IUDs, implants and DMPA reduces repeat pregnancy within 1 year in a New York City practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to evaluate whether having intrauterine devices (IUDs), contraceptive implants and injections immediately available to women undergoing abortion, compared to requiring an additional visit for these methods, leads to fewer pregnancies and fewer abortions in the following 12 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a historical cohort study using health records of Medicaid-insured women obtaining a first-trimester surgical abortion within a single practice in New York City. Women in Cohort 1 (2007-2008) needed an additional visit to initiate the IUD or injection. Women in Cohort 2 (2008-2009) were able to initiate these contraceptives and implants during the abortion visit. Women in both cohorts received these methods without additional cost, and all could receive a pill, patch or ring prescription. We compared the proportions of each cohort who experienced a pregnancy that began in the 12 months following the index abortion and also evaluated the outcomes of those pregnancies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cohorts 1 and 2 consisted of 407 and 405 women, respectively. The proportions with pregnancy beginning over the following 12 months were substantially greater in Cohort 1 than Cohort 2 (27.3% versus 15.3%, p<.001). Women in Cohort 1 then underwent both more additional abortions (17.2% versus 9.9%, p=.003) and more births (7.9% versus 3.7%, p=.02). The proportion of women in Cohort 1 who initiated IUDs and implants within 12 months was smaller than in Cohort 2 (11% versus 46%, p<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among women insured by Medicaid, offering immediate comprehensive contraceptive access--including IUDs and implants--on the same day as an induced abortion, compared to requiring an additional visit, increased uptake of IUDs and implants and decreased repeat pregnancies in the next 12 months and abortions.
authors.affiliation: Columbia University Medical Center and New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Aileen M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Langston
authors.affiliation: Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PH 16-80, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: slj2124@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Sophie L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Joslin-Roher
authors.affiliation: Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Carolyn L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Westhoff
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009519:New York City; D011247:Pregnancy; D011275:Pregnancy, Unwanted; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
keywords: Contraceptives; LARC; Repeat abortion