title: Levels of cornell voltage and cornell product for predicting cardiovascular and stroke mortality and morbidity in the general Japanese population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  ECG-diagnosed left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the Cornell voltage (CV: ≥2.8mV in males and ≥2.0mV in females) or Cornell product (CP: ≥244.0mV×ms), were selected in Western countries for their ability to diagnose anatomical LVH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We aimed to elucidate the CV and CP values that were associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular or stroke mortality and morbidity in a Japanese general population (n=10,172). In the receiver-operating curves analysis of CV and CP for predicting the risks, the area under the curve in females was greater than in males. In a quintile-based multivariate analysis that was performed separately for females and males, the mortality and morbidity risks of CV were significantly increased at the highest quintile of CV (>1.71mV) in females. In males, the mortality risk was significantly increased at the highest quintile of CV (>2.04mV). Additionally, in the parallel analysis of CP that included both males and females, the morbidity risk was significantly elevated in subjects with CP belonging to the 4th (158.7-193.4mV×ms; hazard ratio=1.387) or 5th quintiles (≥193.5mV×ms; hazard ratio=1.507), compared with those with CP values within the lowest quintile (<101.9mV×ms).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiovascular and stroke risks may be elevated at lower levels of CV and CP in Japanese subjects, especially females.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Joji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Shizukiyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Kazuomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kario
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology*