title: HPV genotyping linear assay test comparison in cervical cancer patients: implications for HPV prevalence and molecular epidemiology in a limited-resource area in Bandung, Indonesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is strongly associated with cervical cancer. Normal cervical cells may also harbor hrHPV, and detection of early hrHPV infection may minimize risk of cervical cancer development. This study aimed to compare two commercial HPV genotyping assays that may affordable for early screening in a limited-resource setting in Bandung, Indonesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA from cervical biopsies with histologically confirmed as squamous cell cervical cacinoma were HPV genotyped by Linear Assay 1 (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) or Linear Assay 2 (Digene HPV Genotyping RH Test, Qiagen Gaithersburg, MD). In a subset of samples of each group, HPV genotype results were then compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 28 samples genotyped by linear assay 1, 22 (78.6%) demonstrated multiple infections with HPV-16 and other hrHPV types 18, 45 and/or 52. In another set of 38 samples genotyped by linear assay 2, 28 (68.4%) were mostly single infections by hrHPV type 16 or 18. Interestingly, 4 samples that had been tested by both kits showed discordant results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a limited-resource area such as in Indonesia, country with a high prevalence of HPV infection a reliable cervical screening test in general population for early hrHPV detection is needed. Geographical variation in HPV genotyping result might have impacts for HPV prevalence and molecular epidemiology as the distribution in HPV genotypes should give clear information to assess the impact of HPV prophylactic vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia E-mail : e.sahiratmadja@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ramdan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Panigoro
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Susanto
authors.forename: Sinta Sasika
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Novel
authors.forename: Sri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hartini
authors.forename: Edhyana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sahiratmadja
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology / Q000379:methods; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic