title: Ectopic major transplantation for salvage of upper and lower extremity amputations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ectopic tissue transplantation is not a new idea. Godina and his colleagues pioneered this method in the 1980s. This method is a last resort method of preserving an amputated body part, which consists of banking the amputated segment in an ectopic area and returning it to its native place at a later date. In this article we present our experience with this demanding procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Debridement was the mainstay of this procedure. The stump and amputated part are carefully debrided and the stump was either closed primarily or covered by a flap. The amputated part was transplanted to one of several banking sites in the body and at a later date it will be transferred to its native site in an elective setting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven patients meeting the set criteria for ectopic transplantation were enrolled in this study. The overall success rate was about 70%, lower than expected but these are cases of severe crush injury. Although the functional recovery of these patients are very low, all of the successful cases except one could find a job as a janitor or light manual worker. No patient could return to his previous job.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ectopic transplantation of body parts is an accepted method of treatment of severely crushed extremity or finger injuries. In our country an amputee has very little chance of finding a job instead a disabled person can. In addition in Iran cultures amputation is seen as punishment of either the God or the society, so it is not well accepted and many patients persist on saving the limb even with no functional recovery. None of our successful cases could return to his previous occupation but almost all of them could find a job as janitors or light manual workers.
authors.affiliation: Firuzgar Medical Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nazerani
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vaseghi
authors.forename: Saied
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hesami
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nazerani
mesh_terms: D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D000673:Amputation, Traumatic / Q000601:surgery; D005383:Finger Injuries / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity; D012092:Replantation