title: Next steps in access and availability of opioids for the treatment of cancer pain: reaching the tipping point?
abstract: The reports of the Global Opioid Policy Initiative (GOPI) project to evaluate the availability and accessibility of opioids for the management of cancer pain in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the Middle East, together with the previous 2010 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)/European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC) report from Europe, have provided critical data in demonstrating the deficiencies in many countries throughout the world. Formulary deficiencies and over-regulation are pandemic and must be addressed. This process is challenging and will require concerted and sustained efforts by clinical leaders and advocacy groups partnering with international and regional organizations and, of course, with national governments and their competent authorities. There is a growing international expertise and infrastructure to coordinate advocacy and strategic planning based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Model of Education, Policy Reform and Medication Availability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cleary
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Radbruch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torode
authors.forename: N I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Cherny
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001208:Asia; D017691:Caribbean Region; D006291:Health Policy; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America; D008877:Middle East; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D010166:Palliative Care; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid