title: New targets for triple-negative breast cancer.
abstract: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks the three most commonly targeted receptors in human breast cancer--the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neu--and it is associated with an aggressive natural history. More recently, TNBC has been further dissected into smaller, distinct subsets with unique molecular alterations and response to therapy. Large-scale genomic projects have yielded new knowledge about the molecular characteristics of TNBC, including similarities with high-grade serous ovarian cancers, suggesting a possible coordinated treatment algorithm for these malignancies. Moreover, translation of preclinical findings has led to clinical trials testing a plethora of targets and pathways in TNBC, which will be reviewed here; these include epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), angiogenesis, DNA repair capacity, epigenetic regulation, androgen receptor (AR) and folate receptor (FR) signaling, cell-cycle control, and cell survival. Given the complexity of TNBC biology and the lack of "traditional" therapeutic targets, the advancement of care for women with TNBC will require a true partnership between clinicians, translational investigators, and basic scientists.
authors.affiliation: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Christina I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Herold
authors.forename: Carey K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Anders
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015195:Drug Design; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents