title: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the French version of the Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living Scale.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Activities of Daily Living Scale of the Knee Outcome Survey (KOS-ADLS) is a joint-specific questionnaire measuring functional limitation experienced by individuals with knee disorders. The original English version of the KOS-ADLS has been shown to be highly reliable and responsive to change. The purpose of this study was to perform a translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original version of the KOS-ADLS questionnaire into French and to validate this French version of the questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  In accordance with standard procedure, the original version of the KOS-ADLS was translated and cross-culturally adapted into French. Once the final French version of the KOS-ADLS was developed, it was subjected to further psychometric evaluation with 76 individuals with knee disorders. Each participant completed the KOS-ADLS on three occasions: at baseline, two days later to evaluate test-retest reliability, and four weeks later to evaluate responsiveness. Symptoms and function-oriented construct questions were also completed to evaluate construct-convergent and known-group validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cross-cultural adaptation procedure revealed no major problems with content or language. The French version of the KOS-ADLS showed excellent test-retest reliability with low measurement error (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.92, minimal detectable change = 8.3), as well as high responsiveness (standardized response mean = 1.41; clinically important difference = 13.6). Further, it discriminates between different levels of self-rated or clinician-rated knee function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The French version of the KOS-ADLS is a reliable, valid and responsive questionnaire for the assessment of functional limitation in individuals with musculoskeletal knee disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City (QC), Canada Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Quebec Rehabilitation Institute, Quebec City (QC), Canada jean-sebastien.roy@rea.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Jean-Sébastien
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Quebec Rehabilitation Institute, Quebec City (QC), Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Esculier
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City (QC), Canada Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Quebec Rehabilitation Institute, Quebec City (QC), Canada.
authors.forename: Désirée B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Maltais
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011594:Psychometrics; D011792:Quebec; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014177:Translations
keywords: Knee; outcome assessment; questionnaires; reliability and validity; responsiveness to change