title: Association between vigor and exhaustion during the workweek: a person-centered approach to daily assessments.
abstract: The purpose of this quantitative diary study was to investigate daily vigor and exhaustion using a person-centered approach. The study also investigated whether and how experiences of vigor and exhaustion relate to a state of being recovered. A total of 256 Finnish employees filled in a diary questionnaire during five consecutive workdays. Vigor and exhaustion showed strong negative interdependence within and between days. However, by applying a person-centered analysis, we were able to differentiate three groups with meaningful variation in vigor and exhaustion. The groups were labeled as Constantly vigorous (n = 179), Concurrently vigorous and exhausted (n = 30) and Constantly exhausted (n = 43). The vigor-exhaustion groups were also characterized by their recovery experiences: The Constantly vigorous employees recovered well from work strain during the workweek whereas the Constantly exhausted group recovered poorly. Overall, while the results indicate that, typically, vigor and exhaustion are exclusive experiences, it is also possible for them to be experienced simultaneously from day to day at the moderate levels. Thus, positive and negative experiences may co-occur.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of Jyväskylä , Jyväskylä , Finland.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mäkikangas
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kinnunen
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rantanen
authors.forename: Saija
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mauno
authors.forename: Asko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tolvanen
authors.forename: Arnold B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Bakker
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000523:psychology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014937:Work / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: diary study; exhaustion; person-centered approach; recovery; vigor