title: Breast cancer biomarkers: risk assessment, diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of treatment efficacy and toxicity, and recurrence.
abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer amongst women in the United States and around the world. Although widespread use of adjuvant chemotherapeutic and hormonal agents has improved mortality from breast cancer, it remains challenging to determine on an individual basis who will benefit from such treatments and who will be likely to encounter toxicities. With the rising costs of healthcare and the introduction of new targeted therapies, use of biomarkers has emerged as a method of assisting with breast cancer diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of therapeutic response, and surveillance of disease during and after treatment. In the following review, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers, their utility in the management of patients with breast cancer, and current recommendations regarding their clinical use will be discussed.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: M Braden
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: V Stankowski
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: M Engel
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology/ Oncology, Marshfield Clinic Weston Center, 3501 Cranberry Boulevard, Weston, WI 54476 USA. onitilo.adedayo@marshfieldclinic.org.
authors.forename: Adedayo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: A Onitilo
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment