title: Factors affecting the selectivity of nanoparticle-based photoinduced damage in free and xenografted chorioallantoïc membrane model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment modality for selective destruction of tumours. Critical anatomical structures, like blood vessels in close proximity to the tumour, could be harmed during PDT.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to discriminate the photoinduced response of normal and cancerous tissues to photodamage induced by liposomal formulations of meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Normal vascular and cancerous tissues were represented, respectively, by free and xenografted in vivo model of chick chorioallantoïc membrane (CAM). Eggs received an intravenous administration of plain (Foslip®) or stabilised formulations (Fospeg®). Drug release and liposome destruction were, respectively, determined by photoinduced quenching and nanoparticle tracking analysis. PDT was performed at different drug-light intervals (DLI) with further assessment of photothrombic activity, tumoritropism and photoinduced necrosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to Foslip®, Fospeg® demonstrated significantly higher stability, slower drug release, better tumoricidal effect and lower damage to the normal vasculature at already 1 h DLI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work suggests that nanoparticle-based PDT selectivity could be optimised by analyzing the photoinduced damage of healthy and tumour tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In fine, Fospeg® appeared to be the ideal candidate in clinical context due to its potential to destroy tumours and reduce vascular damage to normal tissues at short DLI.
authors.affiliation: a Université de Lorraine, CRAN UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.|b CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.|c Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garrier
authors.affiliation: a Université de Lorraine, CRAN UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.|b CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.|c Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.|d Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Physics Faculty, Belarusian State University Minsk Belarus.
authors.forename: Vadzim
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reshetov
authors.affiliation: e Biolitec Research GmbH, Research & Development Jena Germany.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gräfe
authors.affiliation: a Université de Lorraine, CRAN UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.|b CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.|c Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guillemin
authors.affiliation: d Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Physics Faculty, Belarusian State University Minsk Belarus.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zorin
authors.affiliation: a Université de Lorraine, CRAN UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.|b CNRS, CRAN, UMR 7039 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.|c Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bezdetnaya
keywords: CAM; drug delivery; liposome; mTHPC; nanophotosensitizers; photodynamic therapy