title: Pilot survey of methamphetamine in sewers using a Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler.
abstract: A pilot study for the qualitative detection of methamphetamine at sites within a sewage collection system adjacent to locations suspected to harbor illegal drug activities was investigated and preliminary findings are reported. Sewage samples were collected over a time interval of four weeks using a Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) deployed directly into the sewer line. The POCIS sorbent was extracted and analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Methamphetamine was found in sewage from one of three sampling sites at a concentration greater than the HPLC-MS/MS method detection limit (MDL) of 3 ng/mL. The goal of this research was to establish proof-of-concept of the feasibility for sampling and analysis using POCIS devices in the sewage collection system. The data encourage further testing and research. The ability to pinpoint the presence of methamphetamine in the sewer may in the future be used as a forensic tool in law enforcement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA. Electronic address: tboles@tntech.edu.
authors.forename: Tammy H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Boles
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA; Center for the Management, Utilization and Protection of Water Resources, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA. Electronic address: info@envirochemservices.net.
authors.forename: Martha J M
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000032:analysis*; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000032:analysis*; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D008694:Methamphetamine; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Forensic; Methamphetamine; Passive sampler; Sewer; Wastewater