title: Simultaneous analysis of antibiotics in biological samples by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: A rapid and reliable multiclass method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of 21 antibiotics (beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems or quinolones) in urine, serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and bronchial aspirations by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Prior to chromatographic determination, the analytes were extracted from human biological fluids by simple sample treatments, which imply dilution, liquefaction, or protein precipitation. Several chromatographic conditions were optimized in order to obtain a fast separation (<6min for each chromatographic run). MS/MS conditions were evaluated in order to increase selectivity and sensitivity and all compounds were detected in electrospray (ESI) positive ion mode, except clavulanic acid and sulbactam, which were monitored in negative ion mode. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, selectivity, limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs), trueness, repeatability and interday precision. The LOQs ranged from 0.01 to 1.00mg/L for urine, serum and CSF. In case of bronchial aspirations, the LOQs were between 0.02 and 0.67mg/kg. In all matrices the recovery results were in the range 70-120% and interday precision was lower than 25%. Finally, the optimized method was applied to the analysis of biological samples from 10 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a hospital located in Almeria (Spain). Several antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin, tobramycin, levofloxacin, or linezolid) were found in the studied samples, observing that the highest concentrations were obtained in urine samples.
authors.affiliation: Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almería, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cazorla-Reyes
authors.affiliation: Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almería, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero-González
authors.affiliation: Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almería, E-04120 Almería, Spain. Electronic address: agarrido@ual.es.
authors.forename: Antonia Garrido
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Frenich
authors.affiliation: Torrecardenas Hospital, Almería, E-04009 Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Maresca
authors.affiliation: Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almería, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martínez Vidal
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D001980:Bronchi / Q000737:chemistry; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibiotics; Human biological samples; Simple extraction; Tandem mass spectrometry; Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography