title: Effect of Heparin Administration during Coronary Angiography on Vascular or Peripheral Complications: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary angiography consists of the selective injection of contrast agents in coronary arteries. Optimal strategy for heparin administration during coronary angiography has yet to be determined. We assessed the effect of heparin administration during coronary angiography on vascular, hemorrhagic, and ischemic complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five hundred candiates for diagnostic coronary angiography (femoral approach) were randomly divided into case (intravenous Heparin [2000-3000 units]) and control (placebo) groups. Assessment included vascular complications like groin hematoma, retroperitoneal hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, active hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia, and clot formation in the catheter or the sheath during angiography. Information was obtained about the patients' age, sex, and hypertension and diabetes mellitus history. Patients with severe peripheral vascular disease, aortic stenosis, history of coagulopathy, and angiography over 30 minutes were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine patients from each group were excluded. The remaining 482 patients included 285 (59.1%) men and 197 (40.9%) women. In the case group (n=241), 7 (2.9%) patients experienced active hemorrhage at the site of angiographic puncture, 2 (0.83%) developed groin hematoma, and 8 (3.32%) experienced clot formation during angiography, while the corresponding figures for the control group (n=241) were 3 (1.24%), 2 (083%), and 13 (5.39%), respectively. No significant differences were found in hemorrhagic, ischemic, and vascular complications between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Heparin administration during coronary angiography had no effect on clot formation as well as hemorrhagic, ischemic, and vascular complications in our patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  IRCT201202199080N1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gharakhani
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Emami
keywords: Coronary angiography; Hemorrhage; Heparin; Iran