title: In vivo osteogenesis and in vitro Streptococcus mutans adherence: porous-surfaced cylindrical implants vs rough-surfaced threaded implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze and compare bone apposition at the interface of commercially available rough-surfaced, threaded implants with porous-surfaced, cylindrical implants after several healing periods in a rabbit model. In addition, the study aimed to elucidate the influence of the implant surface configuration on Streptococcus mutans adherence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a powder metallurgy technique, a new method was developed to produce titanium implants with a dense core and porous surface to increase bone-implant contact (BIC). Sixty implants were placed in 15 rabbits. In each rabbit, two experimental and two control implants were placed in the right or left tibia. The experimental implants were inserted under pressure into the surgical cavity, while the control implants were self-threaded. The rabbits were euthanized at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postinsertion for undecalcified histologic processing and morphometric evaluation of BIC. Additionally, 16 implants, eight experimental and eight control, were incubated with S. mutans to evaluate adherence for each type of implant. Analysis of variance with repeated measures and the Student t test were applied, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histology showed intimate bone-implant interfaces without soft tissue intervention in both groups. Porous-surfaced cylindrical implants showed a higher BIC (72.41% ± 9.47%) than the rough-surfaced screw implants (61.23% ± 14.12%) (P = .013), while no significant difference in S. mutans adherence occurred (P = .351). The implant type effect was more pronounced in the 4-week healing period groups (P = .029). The percentage of BIC was similar throughout the healing periods (P = .333), but gradually increased over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that the new implant design increased BIC without provoking greater S. mutans adherence.
authors.forename: Renata Falchete
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: do Prado
authors.forename: Luis Gustavo Oliveira
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: de Vasconcellos
authors.forename: Luana Marotta Reis
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: de Vasconcellos
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto Alves
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Cairo
authors.forename: Daniel de Oliveira
authors.initials: Dde O
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Antônio Olavo Cardoso
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.forename: Rogério de Lima
authors.initials: Rde L
authors.lastname: Romeiro
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Balducci
authors.forename: Yasmin Rodarte
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D001863:Bone Screws; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D003772:Dental Pins; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D016348:Osseointegration; D016062:Porosity; D011817:Rabbits; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000502:physiology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013977:Tibia; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium