title: Wellness, fatigue and physical performance acclimatisation to a 2-week soccer camp at 3600 m (ISA3600).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the time course of wellness, fatigue and performance during an altitude training camp (La Paz, 3600 m) in two groups of either sea-level (Australian) or altitude (Bolivian) native young soccer players.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wellness and fatigue were assessed using questionnaires and resting heart rate (HR) and HR variability. Physical performance was assessed using HR responses to a submaximal run, a Yo-Yo Intermittent recovery test level 1 (Yo-YoIR1) and a 20 m sprint. Most measures were performed daily, with the exception of Yo-YoIR1 and 20 m sprints, which were performed near sea level and on days 3 and 10 at altitude.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with near sea level, Australians had moderate-to-large impairments in wellness and Yo-YoIR1 relative to the Bolivians on arrival at altitude. The acclimatisation of most measures to altitude was substantially slower in Australians than Bolivians, with only Bolivians reaching near sea-level baseline high-intensity running by the end of the camp. Both teams had moderately impaired 20 m sprinting at the end of the camp. Exercise HR had large associations (r>0.5-0.7) with changes in Yo-YoIR1 in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite partial physiological and perceptual acclimatisation, 2 weeks is insufficient for restoration of physical performance in young sea-level native soccer players. Because of the possible decrement in 20 m sprint time, a greater emphasis on speed training may be required during and after altitude training. The specific time course of restoration for each variable suggests that they measure different aspects of acclimatisation to 3600 m; they should therefore be used in combination to assess adaptation to altitude.
authors.affiliation: ASPIRE Academy for Sports Excellence, , Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buchheit
authors.forename: Ben M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Garvican-Lewis
authors.forename: Kristal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: Marlen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kley
authors.forename: Walter F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Aughey
authors.forename: Rudy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soria
authors.forename: Charli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sargent
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Roach
authors.forename: Jesus C Jimenez
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Claros
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wachsmuth
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Gore
authors.forename: Pitre C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Bourdon
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization / Q000502:physiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000531:Altitude; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D001315:Australia / Q000208:ethnology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001838:Bolivia / Q000208:ethnology; D005221:Fatigue / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006304:Health Status; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen