title: Expression characteristics of proteins of the insulin-like growth factor axis in non-small cell lung cancer patients with preexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects the prognosis and mortality of patients with some cancers. Insulin like growth factor (IGF) and insulin receptor (IR) signaling axes play important roles in both cancer and diabetes development. We aimed to explore the expression characteristics of proteins in IGF/IR axis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases with preexisting T2DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five NSCLC patients with preexisting T2DM were retrospectively included and matched by 55 NSCLC without diabetes at a 1:1 ratio. The expression of proteins in IGF/IR axis was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Clinicopathological data were collected to analyze their relationship with the protein expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both IGF 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2) showed higher expression in the NSCLC with T2DM group, compared with those without T2DM. The high expression of IGF-1R and IRS-2 were found to be negatively associated with lymph node metastases and T staging in the T2DM group, respectively, and IRS-2 expression was also found more in the subgroup whose T2DM duration was more than 4 years. No difference was detected in the expression of IRS-1, IGF-1, IGF-2, IGFBP3, IR and mTOR between groups with or without T2DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study found higher expression of IGF-1R and IRS-2 proteins in NSCLC patients with preexisting T2DM, and that there was an association with early stage NSCLC, which suggested that IGF signaling may play an important early event in development of NSCLC associated with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China E-mail : liujiyan1972@163.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hai-Tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Men
authors.forename: Wu-Xia
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Ji-Yan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D013002:Somatomedins