title: Vaccine production: upstream processing with adherent or suspension cell lines.
abstract: The production of viral vaccines in cell culture can be accomplished with primary, diploid, or continuous (transformed) cell lines. Each cell line, each virus type, and each vaccine preparation require the specific design of upstream and downstream processing. Media have to be selected as well as production vessels, cultivation conditions, and modes of operation. Many viruses only replicate to high titers in adherently growing cells, but similar to processes established for recombinant protein production, an increasing number of suspension cell lines is being evaluated for future use. Here, we describe key issues to be considered for the establishment of large-scale virus production in bioreactors. As an example upstream processing of cell culture-derived influenza virus production is described in more detail for adherently growing and for suspension cells. In particular, use of serum-containing, serum-free, and chemically defined media as well as choice of cultivation vessel are considered.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Genzel
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rödig
authors.forename: Erdmann
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rapp
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Reichl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019149:Bioreactors; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002460:Cell Line / Q000821:virology*; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004285:Dogs; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000254:growth & development; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells / Q000821:virology; D009862:Online Systems; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D014776:Virus Cultivation / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014765:Viral Vaccines