title: [Influence of tap water treatment on perfluorinated compounds residue in the dissolved phase].
abstract: To study the perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) residues through water treatments including flocculation, sedimentation, sand filtration, ozonation with activated carbon and chlorination, as well as the seasonal variation of PFCs in the raw water of waterworks, 13 PFCs species in the dissolved phase of raw water, finished water, as well as the water samples after flocculation, sedimentation, sand filtration, and ozonation with activated carbon filtration were measured by the high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with solid phase extraction. Results indicated that sigma PFCs residue in water was higher in spring and summer than that in fall and winter. The vast majority of PFCs in samples were of short and medium chains (C < or = 10), and perfluorooctane sulfonate was the most typical residue species. Among the five water treatment stages, sedimentation, sand filtration and ozonation with activated carbon filtration can remove PFCs, while flocculation and chlorination significantly raise the levels of short- (C < or = 6) and medium-chain (10 > or = C > or = 7) PFCs, respectively, causing sigma PFCs increase in finished water by 10%-44% compared to raw water. However, the PFCs residues in finished water are still far below their limit values, posing no threat against human health.
authors.affiliation: College of Physics Science and Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China. zhangh@snu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qing-wu
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xin-xuan
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhi-fang
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Jin-can
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Guo-qing
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D060766:Drinking Water; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid