title: Modelling language evolution: Examples and predictions.
abstract: We survey recent computer modelling research of language evolution, focusing on a rule-based model simulating the lexicon-syntax coevolution and an equation-based model quantifying the language competition dynamics. We discuss four predictions of these models: (a) correlation between domain-general abilities (e.g. sequential learning) and language-specific mechanisms (e.g. word order processing); (b) coevolution of language and relevant competences (e.g. joint attention); (c) effects of cultural transmission and social structure on linguistic understandability; and (d) commonalities between linguistic, biological, and physical phenomena. All these contribute significantly to our understanding of the evolutions of language structures, individual learning mechanisms, and relevant biological and socio-cultural factors. We conclude the survey by highlighting three future directions of modelling studies of language evolution: (a) adopting experimental approaches for model evaluation; (b) consolidating empirical foundations of models; and (c) multi-disciplinary collaboration among modelling, linguistics, and other relevant disciplines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Linguistics, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. Electronic address: gtojty@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shuai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Linguistics, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Menghan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003468:Cultural Evolution; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language
keywords: Complex adaptive system; Computer modelling; Equation-based model; Evolutionary linguistics; Rule-based model