title: Tissue-engineered tracheal reconstruction using chondrocyte seeded on a porcine cartilage-derived substance scaffold.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tracheal reconstruction with tissue-engineering technique has come into the limelight in the realm of head and neck surgery. We intended to evaluate the plausibility of allogenic chondrocytes cultured with porcine cartilage-derived substance (PCS) scaffold for partial tracheal defect reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Powder made from crushed and decellularized porcine articular cartilage was formed as 5 mm × 12 mm (height × diameter) scaffold. Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage were expanded and cultured with PCS scaffold. After 7 weeks culture, the scaffolds were implanted on a 5 mm × 10 mm artificial tracheal defect in six rabbits. Two, four and eight weeks postoperatively, the sites were evaluated endoscopically, radiologically, histologically and functionally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the six rabbits showed any sign of respiratory distress. Endoscopic examination did not show any collapse or blockage of the reconstructed trachea and the defects were completely covered with regenerated respiratory epithelium. Computed tomography showed good luminal contour of trachea. Postoperative histologic data showed that the implanted chondrocyte successfully formed neo-cartilage with minimal inflammatory response and granulation tissue. Ciliary beat frequency of regenerated epithelium was similar to those of normal adjacent mucosa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The shape and function of reconstructed trachea using allogenic chondrocytes cultured with PCS scaffold was restored successfully without any graft rejection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoo Seob
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bum Hee
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Republic of Korea; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Republic of Korea; Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung-Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Republic of Korea; Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Sim
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ostium@ajou.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Chul-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D064591:Allografts; D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D011817:Rabbits; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014132:Trachea / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Allograft; Chondrocyte; Ciliary function; Porcine carilage; Tissue engineering; Tracheal regeneration