title: Diabetic kidney disease and the cardiorenal syndrome: old disease, new perspectives.
abstract: In this article, the literature is reviewed regarding the role of blood pressure variability and nocturnal nondipping of blood pressure as well as the presence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), in the absence of albuminuria, as risk predictors for progressive DKD. The importance of glycemic and blood pressure control in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease, and the use of oral hypoglycemic agents and antihypertensive agents in this patient cohort, are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jindal
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia-Touza
authors.forename: Nidhi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jindal
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Whaley-Connell
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sowers
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D059347:Cardio-Renal Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006977:Hypertension, Renal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
keywords: Albuminuria; Blood pressure variability; Cardiorenal syndrome; Chronic kidney disease; Diabetes; Diabetic nephropathy; Proteinuria