title: New paradigm for tumor theranostic methodology using bacteria-based microrobot.
abstract: We propose a bacteria-based microrobot (bacteriobot) based on a new fusion paradigm for theranostic activities against solid tumors. We develop a bacteriobot using the strong attachment of bacteria to Cy5.5-coated polystyrene microbeads due to the high-affinity interaction between biotin and streptavidin. The chemotactic responses of the bacteria and the bacteriobots to the concentration gradients of lysates or spheroids of solid tumors can be detected as the migration of the bacteria and/or the bacteriobots out of the central region toward the side regions in a chemotactic microfluidic chamber. The bacteriobots showed higher migration velocity toward tumor cell lysates or spheroids than toward normal cells. In addition, when only the bacteriobots were injected to the CT-26 tumor mouse model, Cy5.5 signal was detected from the tumor site of the mouse model. In-vitro and in-vivo tests verified that the bacteriobots had chemotactic motility and tumor targeting ability. The new microrobot paradigm in which bacteria act as microactuators and microsensors to deliver microstructures to tumors can be considered a new theranostic methodology for targeting and treating solid tumors.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Chonnam National University.
authors.forename: Sung Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seung-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sunghoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Deok-Mi
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yeonkyung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seong Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Yeongjin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hyon E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Choy
authors.forename: Jung-Joon
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Jong-Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sukho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001710:Biotin / Q000378:metabolism; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051379:Mice; D008863:Microspheres; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000378:metabolism; D012371:Robotics / Q000379:methods; D019809:Streptavidin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C098793:CY5.5 cyanine dye; D002232:Carbocyanines; D011137:Polystyrenes; D001710:Biotin; D019809:Streptavidin