title: Deregulation of adipokines related to target organ damage on resistant hypertension.
abstract: Resistant hypertension (RHTN) includes patients with controlled blood pressure (BP) (CRHTN) and uncontrolled BP (UCRHTN). In fact, RHTN patients are more likely to have target organ damage (TOD), and resistin, leptin and adiponectin may affect BP control in these subjects. We assessed the relationship between adipokines levels and arterial stiffness, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and microalbuminuria (MA). This cross-sectional study included CRHTN (n=51) and UCRHTN (n=38) patients for evaluating body mass index, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, plasma adiponectin, leptin and resistin concentrations, pulse wave velocity (PWV), MA and echocardiography. Leptin and resistin levels were higher in UCRHTN, whereas adiponectin levels were lower in this same subgroup. Similarly, arterial stiffness, LVH and MA were higher in UCRHTN subgroup. Adiponectin levels negatively correlated with PWV (r=-0.42, P<0.01), and MA (r=-0.48, P<0.01) only in UCRHTN. Leptin was positively correlated with PWV (r=0.37, P=0.02) in UCRHTN subgroup, whereas resistin was not correlated with TOD in both subgroups. Adiponectin is associated with arterial stiffness and renal injury in UCRHTN patients, whereas leptin is associated with arterial stiffness in the same subgroup. Taken together, our results showed that those adipokines may contribute to vascular and renal damage in UCRHTN patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Sabbatini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Barbaro
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Gordo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R G P
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Modolo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (Puccamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pinho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000503:physiopathology; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D004351:Drug Resistance; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin