title: Role of miR-155 in the regulation of lymphocyte immune function and disease.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression within cells. One particular miRNA, miR-155, is highly expressed within lymphocytes (both B and T cells) and mediates a number of important roles. These include shaping the transcriptome of lymphoid cells that control diverse biological functions vital in adaptive immunity. The use of mice engineered to be deficient in miR-155, as well as the identification of endogenous targets of miR-155 in T cells by transcriptome-wide analysis, has helped to unravel the crucial role that this miRNA plays in fine tuning the regulation of lymphocyte subsets such as B cells, CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells ranging from T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 and regulatory T cells. In this review, we summarize what we have learned about miR-155 in the regulation of lymphocyte responses at the cellular and molecular levels and in particular, we focus on the recent findings showing that miR-155 shapes the balance between tolerance and immunity.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U955 équipe 16, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France; The Vaccine Research Institute (VRI) and Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Nabila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seddiki
authors.forename: Vedran
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Brezar
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruffin
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lévy
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C524942:MIRN155 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: T cells; T helper type 1/type2 cells; experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis/multiple sclerosis; regulatory T cells