title: Effects of epimedium polysaccharide-propolis flavone oral liquid on mucosal immunity in chickens.
abstract: A previous study found that epimedium polysaccharide (EP)-propolis flavonoid (PF) injection (EPI) produced reliable immunoenhancement. In this study, we investigate the effects of EP-PF oral liquid (EFO) on mucosal immunity in the chicken small intestine while using EPI, EP and PF as controls. Groups of fourteen-day-old chickens were given EFO orally at one of the three doses when they were vaccinated with ND vaccine. On days 7, 21 and 35 after the first vaccination, six chickens were selected randomly from each group for measurements of the sIgA and IL-17 contents of the washing liquors of the duodenum and jejunum, counts of the lymphocytes in the duodenal endothelium and counts of the IgA(+) cells in the jejunal endothelium and cecum tonsil. The results indicated that EFO significantly promoted the secretion of sIgA and IL-17 and increased the numbers of lymphocyte and IgA(+) cells. Furthermore, EFO was more efficient than EPI at the high and medium doses. These findings indicate that EPO may enhance intestinal mucosal immunity and may be exploited as an oral immunopotentiator.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Jiangsu Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Xingying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Shulei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address: ylhu@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuanliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, PR China.
authors.forename: Chunmao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Deyun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing 100081, PR China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing 100081, PR China.
authors.forename: Cunshuai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Yee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, PR China.
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhenzhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Ranran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004386:Duodenum / Q000276:immunology; D034181:Epimedium / Q000737:chemistry*; D047309:Flavones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000187:drug effects*; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000276:immunology; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007583:Jejunum / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000276:immunology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011429:Propolis / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D047309:Flavones; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D020381:Interleukin-17; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011429:Propolis; C043562:flavone
keywords: EFO; IgA(+) cells; sIgA