title: Functional social support, psychological capital, and depressive and anxiety symptoms among people living with HIV/AIDS employed full-time.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psychological distress (e.g., depression and anxiety) has been regarded as the main cause of leaving work for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in workplaces. This study aims to explore the associations of functional social support (FSS) and psychological capital (PC) with depressive and anxiety symptoms among PLWHA employed full-time.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was performed in Liaoning, China, during the period of December 2010-April 2011. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, the Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire, and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire were completed by PLWHA employed full-time. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed relationships between variables. Asymptotic and resampling strategies were performed to explore the mediating roles of PC and its components (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, resilience).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 320 participants surveyed, 66.3% had depressive symptoms, and 45.6% had anxiety symptoms. Significant negative associations of FSS and PC with depressive and anxiety symptoms were revealed. PC (a*b = -0.209, BCa 95% CI: -0.293, -0.137, p < 0.05), hope (a*b = -0.103, BCa 95% CI: -0.192, -0.034, p < 0.05), and optimism (a*b = -0.047, BCa 95% CI: -0.106, -0.008, p < 0.05) significantly mediated the association between FSS and depressive symptoms. PC (a*b = -0.151, BCa 95% CI: -0.224, -0.095, p < 0.05) and self-efficacy (a*b = -0.080, BCa 95% CI: -0.158, -0.012, p < 0.05) significantly mediated the FSS-anxiety symptoms association.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FSS and PC could help reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms among PLWHA employed full-time. PC fully mediates the associations of FSS with depressive and anxiety symptoms. In addition to enhancing FSS, PC development could be included in the prevention and treatment strategies for depressive and anxiety symptoms targeted at PLWHA employed full-time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No, 92 North 2nd Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China. liewang@mail.cmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Chunming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Lie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D020377:Self Efficacy; D057566:Self Report; D012944:Social Support