title: Efficacy of metformin versus insulin in the management of pregnancy with diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of metformin with insulin in the management of pregnancy with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maternal and Child Health Centre (MCH), Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, from May 2010 to January 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 68 pregnant patients with diabetes were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided in to two groups of each 34 patients based on table of random numbers. One was labelled as group-A and other was labelled as group-B. Group-A received insulin and group-B received metformin for the management of diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 29.82 ± 4.58 and 29.35 ± 4.97 years in groups-A and B respectively. Fasting blood sugar level after 1 month was controlled in 22 (64.7%) patients in group-A and in 27 (79.4%) in group-B (p > 0.05). Fasting blood sugar level at term, remained controlled in 30 (88.2%) patients in group-A and 27 (79.4%) in group-B (p > 0.05). Comparison of random blood sugar levels within normal limits after 1 month in 25 (73.5%) in group-A and in 24 (70.6%) in group-B. At term, random blood sugar level was controlled in 28 (82.4%) and 27 (79.4%) patients in group-A and B, respectively. Comparison of post-treatment HBA1C level depicts that diabetes controlled in 27 (79.4%) patients in group-A while in 28 (82.3%) patients of group-B. The efficacy of metformin and insulin in controlling diabetes was equal in two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no marked difference in efficacy of metformin and insulin in controlling diabetes in pregnant patients in two groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maternal and Child Health Centre (MCH), Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad.
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waheed
authors.forename: Farhat Perveen
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: Syeda Batool
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Mazhar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010154:Pakistan; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008687:Metformin