title: Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis: conservative management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This case series outlines the advantages of using 0.1% intranasal dexamethasone drops (IDD) to treat nasal obstruction in patients with congenital pyriform aperture stenosis (PAS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Five consecutive cases of PAS were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three patients were treated with IDD alone, and 2 were treated surgically and had residual postoperative nasal obstruction before IDD. Four patients in follow-up (mean, 1 year) were weaned off the steroid drops with good breathing results. One patient developed iatrogenic Cushing's disease, and another, who was initially treated with surgery, eventually required nasal vestibular stenosis repair in addition to IDD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first to review the use of IDD in treating PAS. The potential impact of midnasal stenosis is discussed, and a conservative management algorithm for patients with PAS is presented. Careful surveillance for potential side effects of IDD is recommended, especially in cases that require elevated doses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73126-0901, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Rosser
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Powitzky
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Enix
authors.forename: G Paul
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Digoy
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000465:Algorithms; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000151:congenital* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D056144:Pyriform Sinus / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003907:Dexamethasone