title: Effect of prenatal exposure to kitchen fuel on birth weight.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Maternal exposure to kitchen fuel smoke may lead to impaired fetal growth.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of exposure to various kitchen fuels on birth weight.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analytical.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital based.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mothers and their newborns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mothers registered in first trimester with minimum 3 visits, non-anemic, full-term, and singleton delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  History of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH), Diabetes Mellitus (DM), tobacco chewers or mishri users.
  
  
  METHODS
  328 mothers and their new-borne.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six months. Study tools: Chi-square, Z-test, ANOVA, and binary logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Effect of confounders on birth weight was tested and found to be non-significant. Mean ± SD of birth weight was 2.669 ± 0.442 in Liquid Petroleium Gas (LPG) users (n = 178), 2.465 ± 0.465 in wood users (n = 94), 2.557 ± 0.603 in LPG + wood users (n = 27) and 2.617 ± 0.470 in kerosene users (n = 29). Infants born to wood users had lowest birth weight and averagely 204 g lighter than LPG users (F = 4.056, P < 0.01). Percentage of newborns with low birth weight (LBW) in wood users was 44.68% which was significantly higher than in LPG users (24.16%), LPG + wood users (40.74%) and in kerosene users (34.48%) (Chi-square = 12.926, P < 0.01). As duration of exposure to wood fuel increases there is significant decline in birth weight (F = 3.825, P < 0.05). By using logistic regression type of fuel is only best predictor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cooking with wood fuel is a significant risk-factor for LBW, which is modifiable.
authors.affiliation: Department of PSM, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Yugantara Ramesh
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kadam
authors.forename: Anugya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mimansa
authors.forename: Pragati Vishnu
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Chavan
authors.forename: Alka Dilip
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Gore
keywords: Kitchen fuel; low birth weight; solid biomass fuel